ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION /UT/ - Quarter Report: 2023 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-12307

ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


United States of America			87-0189025
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One South Main
Salt Lake City, Utah			84133-1109
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (801) 844-8208

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbols	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001	ZION	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Depositary Shares each representing a 1/40th ownership interest in a share of:
Series A Floating-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock	ZIONP	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Series G Fixed/Floating-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock	ZIONO	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
6.95% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due September 15, 2028	ZIONL	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Number of common shares outstanding at October 31, 2023 148,148,799 shares

ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

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		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	39

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	39
	Consolidated Statements of Income	40
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	41
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	41
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	43
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	44

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	4

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	84

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	85

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	85

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	85

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	86

Item 5.	Other Information	86

Item 6.	Exhibits	87

Signatures		88

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS


ACL	Allowance for Credit Losses	HECL	Home Equity Credit Line
AFS	Available-for-Sale	HTM	Held-to-Maturity
ALLL	Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses	IPO	Initial Public Offering
Amegy	Amegy Bank, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association	LIHTC	Low-income Housing Tax Credit
AOCI	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss	Municipalities	State and Local Governments
ASC	Accounting Standards Codification	NAICS	North American Industry Classification System
ASU	Accounting Standards Update	NASDAQ	National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations
BOLI	Bank-Owned Life Insurance	NBAZ	National Bank of Arizona, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association
bps	Basis Points	NIM	Net Interest Margin
BTFP	Bank Term Funding Program	NM	Not Meaningful
CB&T	California Bank & Trust, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association	NSB	Nevada State Bank, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association
CECL	Current Expected Credit Loss	OCC	Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
CLTV	Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio	OCI	Other Comprehensive Income or Loss
CRE	Commercial Real Estate	OREO	Other Real Estate Owned
CVA	Credit Valuation Adjustment	PAM	Proportional Amortization Method
DTA	Deferred Tax Asset	PEI	Private Equity Investment
DTL	Deferred Tax Liability	PPNR	Pre-provision Net Revenue
EaR	Earnings at Risk	PPP	Paycheck Protection Program
EPS	Earnings per Share	ROU	Right-of-Use
EVE	Economic Value of Equity	RULC	Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board	S&P	Standard & Poor's
FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation	SBA	U.S. Small Business Administration
FHLB	Federal Home Loan Bank	SBIC	Small Business Investment Company
FICO	Fair Isaac Corporation	TCBW	The Commerce Bank of Washington, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association
FRB	Federal Reserve Board	TDR	Troubled Debt Restructuring
FTP	Funds Transfer Pricing	U.S.	United States
GAAP	Generally Accepted Accounting Principles	Vectra	Vectra Bank Colorado, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association
GCF	General Collateral Funding	Zions Bank	Zions Bank, a division of Zions Bancorporation, National Association

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This quarterly report includes “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions regarding future events or determinations, all of which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, industry trends, and results or regulatory outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied. Forward-looking statements include, among others:

•Statements with respect to the beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, targets, commitments, designs, guidelines, expectations, anticipations, and future financial condition, results of operations and performance of Zions Bancorporation, National Association and its subsidiaries (collectively “Zions Bancorporation, N.A.,” “the Bank,” “we,” “our,” “us”); and

•Statements preceded or followed by, or that include the words “may,” “might,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “forecasts,” “expect,” “intend,” “target,” “commit,” “design,” “plan,” “projects,” “will,” and the negative thereof and similar words and expressions.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees, nor should they be relied upon as representing management’s views as of any subsequent date. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from those presented. Although the following list is not comprehensive, important factors that may cause material differences include:

•The quality and composition of our loan and securities portfolios and the quality and composition of our deposits;

•Changes and uncertainties in applicable laws, and fiscal, monetary, regulatory, trade, and tax policies, and actions taken by governments, agencies, central banks, and similar organizations, including increases in bank fees, insurance assessments, capital standards, and other regulatory requirements;

•Protracted congressional negotiations and political stalemates regarding government funding and other issues that increase the possibility of government shutdowns or other economic disruptions;

•Changes in general industry, political and economic conditions, including continued elevated inflation, economic slowdown or recession, or other economic challenges; changes in interest and reference rates which could adversely affect our revenue and expenses, the value of assets and obligations, and the availability and cost of capital and liquidity; deterioration in economic conditions that may result in increased loan and leases losses;

•Securities and capital markets behavior, including volatility and changes in market liquidity and our ability to raise capital;

•The impact of bank failures or adverse developments at other banks on general investor sentiment regarding the stability and liquidity of banks;

•The possibility that our recorded goodwill could become impaired, which may have an adverse impact on our earnings and capital;

•Competitive pressures and other factors that may affect aspects of our business, such as pricing and demand for our products and services, our ability to recruit and retain talent, and the impact of digital commerce, artificial intelligence, and other innovations affecting the banking industry;

•Our ability to complete projects and initiatives and execute on our strategic plans, manage our risks, control compensation and other expenses, and achieve our business objectives;

•Our ability to provide adequate oversight of our suppliers or prevent inadequate performance by third parties upon whom we rely for the delivery of various products and services;

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

•Our ability to develop and maintain technology, information security systems and controls designed to guard against fraud, cybersecurity, and privacy risks;

•Adverse media and other expressions of negative public opinion whether directed at us, other banks, the banking industry, or otherwise that may adversely affect our reputation and that of the banking industry generally;

•The effects of pandemics and other health emergencies that may affect our business, employees, customers, and communities;

•The effects of wars and geopolitical conflicts, such as the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the escalating events in the Middle East, and other local, national, or international disasters, crises, or conflicts that may occur in the future;

•Natural disasters that may impact our and our customer's operations and business; and

•Governmental and social responses to environmental, social, and governance issues, including those with respect to climate change.

We caution against the undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect our views only as of the date they are made. Except to the extent required by law, we specifically disclaim any obligation to update any factors or to publicly announce the revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments.

KEY STRATEGIC ACTIONS

During the first nine months of 2023, the banking industry experienced significant changes in market conditions, including a higher interest rate environment and fluctuations in deposit levels. As a result, we continued to manage the associated risks through the following strategic actions:

•Generated customer deposit growth through a combination of competitive interest rates and expanded utilization of reciprocal deposit programs, including the recapture of off-balance sheet deposits;

•Actively managed the balance sheet through a mix change toward higher-yielding loans, while reducing the size of our lower-yielding securities and money market positions;

•Increased total available liquidity sources, which far exceed our level of uninsured deposits;

•Actively managed our interest rate and market risk exposures through a rebalancing of our accounting hedges for both available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities and commercial loans;

•Remained committed to controlling expenses, including personnel management, while continuing to invest in technology;

•Maintained strong credit performance, including low net charge-offs; and

•Further strengthened our regulatory capital position through increased retained earnings.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparisons noted below are calculated for the current quarter compared with the same prior year period unless otherwise specified. Growth rates of 100% or more are considered not meaningful (“NM”) as they generally reflect a low starting point.

Executive Summary

Our financial results in the third quarter of 2023 reflected sequential growth in customer deposits and a stabilization of the net interest margin (“NIM”). Diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) was $1.13, compared with $1.40 in the third quarter of 2022, as lower revenue and higher noninterest expense was partially offset by a lower provision for credit losses.

Net interest income decreased $78 million, or 12%, compared with the prior year quarter, as higher earning asset yields were offset by higher funding costs. Net interest income was also impacted by a reduction in interest-earning

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

assets and an increase in interest-bearing liabilities. The NIM was 2.93%, compared with 3.24%, and was up from 2.92% in the second quarter of 2023.

The provision for credit losses was $41 million, compared with a $71 million provision in the prior year period, due to changes in economic forecasts and lower net charge-offs.

Total customer-related noninterest income remained relatively stable at $157 million, compared with the prior year period. A $5 million increase in loan-related fees, primarily due to a $4 million gain on the sale of certain mortgage servicing assets, and a $3 million increase in commercial account fees, driven primarily by increased treasury management sweep income, was partially offset by a $7 million decrease in capital market fees, largely due to reduced swap and loan syndication fees. Total noninterest income increased $15 million, or 9%, primarily due to a valuation loss recognized on one of our equity investments in the prior year period, as well as an increase in dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock in the current period.

Total noninterest expense increased $17 million, or 4%, relative to the prior year quarter, driven largely by a $9 million increase in technology, telecom, and information processing expense, primarily due to increases in application software expenses. Deposit insurance and regulatory expense increased $7 million, driven largely by an increased Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance base rate beginning in 2023 and changes in balance sheet composition. Our efficiency ratio was 64.4%, compared with 57.6%, primarily due to a decline in adjusted taxable-equivalent revenue.

Average interest-earning assets decreased $1.8 billion, or 2%, from the prior year quarter, driven by declines of $4.5 billion and $1.3 billion in average securities and average money market investments, respectively, and partially offset by an increase of $4.0 billion in average loans and leases. Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $10.9 billion, or 26%, from the prior year quarter, driven by increases of $9.9 billion and $1.3 billion in average interest-bearing deposits and average other short-term borrowings, respectively.

Total loans and leases increased $3.0 billion, or 6%, to $56.9 billion from the prior year quarter. Consumer loans increased $1.8 billion, primarily in the 1-4 family residential and consumer construction loan portfolios. Commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans increased $0.8 billion, primarily in the multi-family and industrial construction loan portfolios. Increased funding of construction lending commitments and conversion-to-term loans contributed to growth in these portfolios. Net loan and lease charge-offs totaled $14 million, compared with $27 million in the prior year quarter, and classified loans decreased $196 million, or 20%. Nonperforming assets increased to $219 million, or 0.38% of loans and leases, compared with $151 million, or 0.28% of loans and leases, in the prior year quarter, primarily due to two suburban office commercial real estate loans in the Southern California market totaling $46 million.

Total deposits decreased $0.6 billion, or 1%, from the prior year quarter, due to the $12.4 billion reduction in noninterest-bearing demand deposits, which was largely offset by an $11.8 billion increase in interest-bearing deposits, as the higher interest rate environment influenced the movement of customer balances into interest-bearing products. Total customer deposits (excluding brokered deposits) increased $3.0 billion, or 5%, from June 30, 2023. At September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, total customer deposits included approximately $6.4 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, of reciprocal placement products.

Total borrowed funds, consisting primarily of secured borrowings, decreased $1.1 billion from the prior year quarter, largely due to reduced funding needs as a result of the decrease in interest-earning assets.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Third Quarter 2023 Financial Performance

Net Earnings Applicable to Common Shareholders
(in millions)

Diluted EPS

Adjusted PPNR
(in millions)

Efficiency Ratio

Net earnings applicable to common shareholders decreased from the third quarter of 2022, as lower net revenue and higher noninterest expense, driven largely by application software expenses and higher FDIC insurance costs, was partially offset by a lower provision for credit losses.

Diluted earnings per share declined from the third quarter of 2022 primarily as a result of decreased net earnings applicable to common shareholders.

Adjusted pre-provision net revenue (“PPNR”) decreased from the third quarter of 2022, primarily due to lower adjusted taxable-equivalent revenue and increased adjusted noninterest expense.

The efficiency ratio increased from the prior year quarter, primarily due to a decline in adjusted taxable-equivalent revenue.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

NET INTEREST INCOME AND NET INTEREST MARGIN


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Amount change		Percent change		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Amount change		Percent change
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2023			2022							2023			2022

Interest and fees on loans 1	$	831		$	551		$	280	51	%	$	2,348		$	1,456		$	892	61	%
Interest on money market investments	35			24			11		46		140			42			98		NM
Interest on securities	144			132			12		9		419			372			47		13
Total interest income	1,010			707			303		43		2,907			1,870			1,037		55
Interest on deposits	366			19			347		NM		668			32			636		NM
Interest on short- and long-term borrowings	59			25			34		NM		384			38			346		NM
Total interest expense	425			44			381		NM		1,052			70			982		NM
Net interest income	$	585		$	663		$	(78)	(12)	%	$	1,855		$	1,800		$	55	3	%

Average interest-earning assets	$	80,678		$	82,474		$	(1,796)	(2)	%	$	82,325		$	84,189		$	(1,864)	(2)	%
Average interest-bearing liabilities	$	52,312		$	41,398		$	10,914	26	%	$	51,271		$	41,586		$	9,685	23	%
							bps										bps
Yield on interest-earning assets 2	5.02		%	3.45		%	157				4.77		%	3.01		%	176
Rate paid on total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities 2	2.10		%	0.22		%	188				1.75		%	0.12		%	163
Cost of total deposits 2	1.92		%	0.10		%	182				1.24		%	0.05		%	119
Net interest margin 2	2.93		%	3.24		%	(31)				3.06		%	2.90		%	16

1 Includes interest income recoveries of $1 million and $2 million for the three months ended, and $5 million and $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

2 Rates are calculated using amounts in thousands; taxable-equivalent rates are used where applicable.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Net interest income accounted for approximately 76% of our net revenue (net interest income plus noninterest income) for the current quarter and decreased $78 million, or 12%, relative to the prior year quarter, as higher earning asset yields were offset by higher funding costs. Net interest income was also impacted by a reduction in interest-earning assets and an increase in interest-bearing liabilities.

Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $10.9 billion, or 26%, from the prior year quarter, driven by increases of $9.9 billion and $1.3 billion in average interest-bearing deposits and average other short-term borrowings, respectively.

The NIM was 2.93%, compared with 3.24%, and was up from 2.92% in the second quarter of 2023. The yield on average interest-earning assets was 5.02% in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 157 basis points (“bps”), reflecting higher interest rates and a favorable mix change to higher yielding assets. The yield on average loans and leases increased 167 basis points to 5.84%, and the yield on average securities increased 63 basis points to 2.73%. The yield on average securities benefited from a decrease in the market value of AFS securities due to rising interest rates. The rate paid on average interest-bearing liabilities increased to 3.22%, compared with 0.43%, reflecting the higher interest rate environment.

Average loans and leases increased $4.0 billion, or 8%, to $57.0 billion, mainly due to growth in average consumer and commercial loans. The yield on total loans and leases was 5.84% for the third quarter of 2023, compared with 4.17% for the prior year quarter, reflecting the higher interest rate environment.

Average securities decreased $4.5 billion, or 17%, to $21.2 billion, primarily due to approximately $2.8 billion in principal reductions. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we transferred approximately $10.7 billion fair value ($13.1 billion amortized cost) of mortgage-backed AFS securities to the held-to-maturity (“HTM”) category to reflect our intent for these securities.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Average deposits decreased $1.8 billion, or 2%, to $75.7 billion at an average cost of 1.92%, from $77.5 billion at an average cost of 0.10% in the third quarter of 2022, driven by the decrease in noninterest-bearing deposits as interest rates increased. Average noninterest-bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits were 37%, compared with 51% during the same prior year period.

Average borrowed funds, consisting primarily of secured borrowings, increased $0.9 billion from the prior year quarter, largely in response to average loan growth and the decline in total average deposits.

For more information on our investment securities portfolio and borrowed funds and how we manage liquidity risk, refer to the “Investment Securities Portfolio” section on page 16 and the “Liquidity Risk Management” section on page 31. For further discussion of the effects of market rates on net interest income and how we manage interest rate risk, refer to the “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” section on page 28.

The following schedule summarizes the average balances, the amount of interest earned or paid, and the applicable yields for interest-earning assets and the costs of interest-bearing liabilities.

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CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS, YIELDS AND RATES


(Unaudited)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Average balance		Amount of interest 1		Average yield/rate 1		Average balance		Amount of interest 1		Average yield/rate 1
ASSETS
Money market investments:
Interest-bearing deposits	$	1,539	$	21	5.52	%	$	1,233	$	7	2.19	%
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	874		14		6.13		2,511		17		2.66
Total money market investments	2,413		35		5.74		3,744		24		2.51
Securities:
Held-to-maturity	10,625		59		2.21		560		4		2.88
Available-for-sale 2	10,606		87		3.24		24,892		129		2.05
Trading	20		—		4.65		288		3		4.57
Total securities	21,251		146		2.73		25,740		136		2.10
Loans held for sale	46		1		4.89		37		1		5.33
Loans and leases
Commercial	30,535		438		5.69		29,380		308		4.16
Commercial real estate	13,016		234		7.14		12,182		145		4.73
Consumer	13,417		167		4.92		11,391		103		3.61
Total loans and leases	56,968		839		5.84		52,953		556		4.17
Total interest-earning assets	80,678		1,021		5.02		82,474		717		3.45
Cash and due from banks	712						604
Allowance for credit losses on loans and debt securities	(651)						(515)
Goodwill and intangibles	1,061						1,021
Other assets	5,523						4,923
Total assets	$	87,323					$	88,507
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing deposits:
Savings and money market	$	35,346	$	215	2.42	%	$	36,399	$	18	0.20	%
Time	12,424		151		4.81		1,441		1		0.32

Total interest-bearing deposits	47,770		366		3.04		37,840		19		0.20
Borrowed funds:
Federal funds and security repurchase agreements	1,770		24		5.31		2,000		11		2.20
Other short-term borrowings	2,233		27		4.95		885		6		2.61
Long-term debt	539		8		5.37		673		8		4.83
Total borrowed funds	4,542		59		5.14		3,558		25		2.80
Total interest-bearing liabilities	52,312		425		3.22		41,398		44		0.43
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	27,873						39,623
Other liabilities	1,760						1,743
Total liabilities	81,945						82,764
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred equity	440						440
Common equity	4,938						5,303
Total shareholders’ equity	5,378						5,743
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	87,323					$	88,507
Spread on average interest-bearing funds					1.80	%					3.02	%
Net impact of noninterest-bearing sources of funds					1.13	%					0.22	%
Net interest margin			$	596	2.93	%			$	673	3.24	%
Memo: total cost of deposits					1.92	%					0.10	%
Memo: total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	$	80,185	425		2.10	%	$	81,021	44		0.22	%

1 Rates are calculated using amounts in thousands and a tax rate of 21% for the periods presented.

2 Net of unamortized purchase premiums, discounts, and deferred loan fees and costs.

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Average balance		Amount of interest 1		Average yield/rate 1		Average balance		Amount of interest 1		Average yield/rate 1
ASSETS
Money market investments:
Interest-bearing deposits	$	2,356	$	90	5.10	%	$	3,674	$	15	0.55	%
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	1,242		50		5.41		2,451		27		1.47
Total money market investments	3,598		140		5.21		6,125		42		0.92
Securities:
Held-to-maturity	10,826		181		2.24		495		11		2.98
Available-for-sale 2	11,199		243		2.89		25,285		358		1.89
Trading	58		1		2.43		343		12		4.81
Total securities	22,083		425		2.57		26,123		381		1.95
Loans held for sale	41		2		6.00		44		1		2.55
Loans and leases
Commercial	30,620		1,236		5.40		28,945		843		3.89
Commercial real estate	12,942		668		6.90		12,151		358		3.93
Consumer	13,041		467		4.78		10,801		272		3.37
Total loans and leases	56,603		2,371		5.60		51,897		1,473		3.79
Total interest-earning assets	82,325		2,938		4.77		84,189		1,897		3.01
Cash and due from banks	636						615
Allowance for credit losses on loans and debt securities	(615)						(503)
Goodwill and intangibles	1,063						1,017
Other assets	5,556						4,618
Total assets	$	88,965					$	89,936
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing deposits:
Savings and money market	$	32,852	$	390	1.59	%	$	37,942	$	29	0.10	%
Time	8,319		278		4.46		1,505		3		0.27

Total interest-bearing deposits	41,171		668		2.17		39,447		32		0.11
Borrowed funds:
Federal funds and security repurchase agreements	3,921		145		4.92		1,112		12		1.50
Other short-term borrowings	5,570		211		5.07		303		6		2.56
Long-term debt	609		28		6.10		724		20		3.69
Total borrowed funds	10,100		384		5.08		2,139		38		2.39
Total interest-bearing liabilities	51,271		1,052		2.74		41,586		70		0.23
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	30,665						40,523
Other liabilities	1,798						1,530
Total liabilities	83,734						83,639
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred equity	440						440
Common equity	4,791						5,857
Total shareholders’ equity	5,231						6,297
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	88,965					$	89,936
Spread on average interest-bearing funds					2.03	%					2.78	%
Net impact of noninterest-bearing sources of funds					1.03	%					0.12	%
Net interest margin			$	1,886	3.06	%			$	1,827	2.90	%
Memo: total cost of deposits					1.24	%					0.05	%
Memo: total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	$	81,936	1,052		1.75	%	$	82,109	70		0.12	%

1 Rates are calculated using amounts in thousands and a tax rate of 21% for the periods presented.

2 Net of unamortized purchase premiums, discounts, and deferred loan fees and costs.

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Provision for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is the combination of both the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments (“RULC”). The ALLL represents the estimated current expected credit losses related to the loan and lease portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The RULC represents the estimated reserve for current expected credit losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments. Changes in the ALLL and RULC, net of charge-offs and recoveries, are recorded as the provision for loan and lease losses and the provision for unfunded lending commitments, respectively, in the income statement. The ACL for debt securities is estimated separately from loans and is recorded in investment securities on the consolidated balance sheet.

The provision for credit losses, which is the combination of both the provision for loan and lease losses and the provision for unfunded lending commitments, was $41 million, compared with $71 million in the third quarter of 2022. The ACL was $738 million at September 30, 2023, compared with $590 million at September 30, 2022. The increase in the ACL was primarily due to deterioration in economic forecasts. The ratio of ACL to total loans and leases was 1.30% and 1.09% at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The provision for securities losses was less than $1 million during the third quarter of 2023 and 2022.

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The bar chart above illustrates the broad categories of change in the ACL from the prior year period. The second bar represents changes in economic forecasts and current economic conditions, which increased the ACL by $88 million from the prior year quarter.

The third bar represents changes in credit quality factors and includes risk-grade migration and specific reserves against loans, which, when combined, increased the ACL by $7 million, reflecting relatively stable credit quality. Net loan and lease charge-offs totaled $14 million, or 0.10% annualized of average loans during the third quarter of 2023, compared with net charge-offs of $27 million, or 0.20% annualized of average loans during the prior year quarter. Classified loans decreased $196 million, or 20%. Nonperforming assets increased to $219 million, or 0.38% of loans and leases, compared with $151 million, or 0.28% of loans and leases, in the prior year quarter, primarily due to two suburban office commercial real estate loans in the Southern California market totaling $46 million.

The fourth bar represents loan portfolio changes, driven primarily by portfolio-specific risks and loan growth, as well as changes in portfolio mix, the aging of the portfolio, portfolio-specific concerns, and other risk factors; all of which resulted in a $53 million increase in the ACL.

See “Credit Risk Management” on page 21 and Note 6 in our 2022 Form 10-K for more information on how we determine the appropriate level of the ALLL and the RULC.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income represents revenue earned from products and services that generally have no associated interest rate or yield and is classified as either customer-related or noncustomer-related. Customer-related noninterest income excludes items such as securities gains and losses, dividends, insurance-related income, and mark-to-market adjustments on certain derivatives.

Total noninterest income increased $15 million, or 9%, relative to the prior year. Noninterest income accounted for approximately 24% and 20% of our net revenue during the third quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following schedule presents a comparison of the major components of noninterest income.

NONINTEREST INCOME


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2023		2022						2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	43	$	40	$	3	8	%	$	131	$	118	$	13	11	%
Card fees	26		27		(1)		(4)		75		77		(2)		(3)
Retail and business banking fees	17		17		—		—		49		57		(8)		(14)
Loan-related fees and income	23		18		5		28		63		61		2		3
Capital markets fees	18		25		(7)		(28)		62		61		1		2
Wealth management fees	15		14		1		7		44		41		3		7
Other customer-related fees	15		15		—		—		46		46		—		—
Customer-related noninterest income	157		156		1		1		470		461		9		2

Fair value and nonhedge derivative income	7		4		3		75		5		20		(15)		(75)
Dividends and other income (loss)	12		(1)		13		NM		49		8		41		NM
Securities gains (losses), net	4		6		(2)		(33)		5		(10)		15		NM
Noncustomer-related noninterest income	23		9		14		NM		59		18		41		NM
Total noninterest income	$	180	$	165	$	15	9	%	$	529	$	479	$	50	10	%

Customer-related Noninterest Income

Total customer-related noninterest income remained relatively stable at $157 million, compared with the prior year period. Loan-related fees and income increased $5 million, primarily due to a $4 million gain on the sale of certain mortgage servicing assets. Commercial account fees increased $3 million, driven primarily by increased treasury management sweep income. These increases were partially offset by a $7 million decrease in capital market fees, largely due to reduced swap and loan syndication fees.

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Noncustomer-related Noninterest Income

Total noncustomer-related noninterest income increased $14 million from the prior year quarter. Dividends and other income increased $13 million, due to a valuation loss recognized on one of our equity investments in the prior year period, as well as an increase in dividends on FHLB stock in the current period.

Noninterest Expense

The following schedule presents a comparison of the major components of noninterest expense.

NONINTEREST EXPENSE


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2023		2022						2023		2022

Salaries and employee benefits	$	311	$	312	$	(1)	—	%	$	974	$	931	$	43	5	%
Technology, telecom, and information processing	62		53		9		17		175		158		17		11
Occupancy and equipment, net	42		38		4		11		122		112		10		9
Professional and legal services	16		14		2		14		45		42		3		7
Marketing and business development	10		11		(1)		(9)		35		28		7		25
Deposit insurance and regulatory expense	20		13		7		54		60		36		24		67
Credit-related expense	6		8		(2)		(25)		19		22		(3)		(14)
Other real estate expense, net	—		—		—		NM		—		1		(1)		NM
Other	29		30		(1)		(3)		86		77		9		12
Total noninterest expense	$	496	$	479	$	17	4	%	$	1,516	$	1,407	$	109	8	%

Total noninterest expense increased $17 million, or 4%, relative to the prior year quarter. Technology, telecom, and information processing expense increased $9 million, primarily due to increases in application software, license, maintenance, and related software amortization expenses. Deposit insurance and regulatory expense increased $7 million, driven largely by an increased FDIC insurance base rate beginning in 2023 and changes in balance sheet composition.

FDIC Special Assessment

In May 2023, the FDIC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, which would implement a special assessment to recover the cost associated with protecting uninsured depositors following the closures of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank. Using an assessment base equal to the estimated amount of uninsured deposits at December 31, 2022, the FDIC proposed to collect the special assessment at an annual rate of approximately 12.5 bps over eight quarterly periods, beginning with the first quarter of 2024. The ultimate impact and timing of expense recognition will depend on the final rule. As proposed, we estimate the total impact of the special assessment on our deposit insurance and regulatory expense would be approximately $80 million, which is expected to be recognized upon the rule's final issuance.

The efficiency ratio was 64.4%, compared with 57.6%, primarily due to a decline in adjusted taxable-equivalent revenue. For information on non-GAAP financial measures, see page 37.

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Technology Spend

Technology spend represents expenditures associated with technology-related investments, operations, systems, and infrastructure, and includes current period expenses reported on our consolidated statement of income, and capitalized investments, net of related amortization and depreciation, reported on our consolidated balance sheet. Technology spend is reported as a combination of the following:

•Technology, telecom, and information processing expense — includes expenses related to application software licensing and maintenance, related amortization, telecommunications, and data processing;

•Other technology-related expense — includes related noncapitalized salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, and professional and legal services; and

•Technology investments — includes capitalized technology infrastructure equipment, hardware, and purchased or internally developed software, less related amortization or depreciation.

The following schedule presents the composition of our technology spend:

TECHNOLOGY SPEND


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Amount change		Percent change
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2023		2022						2023		2022

Technology, telecom, and information processing expense	$	62	$	53	$	9	17	%	$	175	$	158	$	17	11	%
Other technology-related expense	59		52		7		13		169		152		17		11
Technology investments	22		21		1		5		71		65		6		9
Less: related amortization and depreciation	(21)		(14)		(7)		50		(51)		(41)		(10)		24
Total technology spend	$	122	$	112	$	10	9	%	$	364	$	334	$	30	9	%

Total technology spend increased $10 million relative to the prior year quarter, largely due to increases in application software, maintenance, and related software amortization expenses associated with our core loan and deposit banking system replacement project, as well as higher technology-related compensation and investments in resiliency.

Income Taxes

The following schedule summarizes the income tax expense and effective tax rates for the periods presented.

INCOME TAXES


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2023			2022			2023			2022

Income before income taxes	$	228		$	278		$	736		$	793
Income tax expense	53			61			182			170
Effective tax rate	23.2		%	21.9		%	24.7		%	21.4		%

The effective tax rate was 23.2% and 21.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. See Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about the factors that impacted the income tax rates, as well as information about deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

Preferred Stock Dividends

Preferred stock dividends totaled $7 million and $6 million for the third quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS

Interest-Earning Assets

Interest-earning assets have associated interest rates or yields, and generally consist of money market investments, securities, loans, and leases. We strive to maintain a high level of interest-earning assets relative to total assets. For more information regarding the average balances, associated revenue generated, and the respective yields of our interest-earning assets, see the Consolidated Average Balance Sheet on page 10.

Investment Securities Portfolio

We invest in securities to actively manage liquidity and interest rate risk and to generate interest income. We primarily own securities that can readily provide us cash and liquidity through secured borrowing agreements without the need to sell the securities. We also manage the duration of our investment securities portfolio to help balance the inherent interest rate mismatch between loans and deposits, and to protect the economic value of shareholders' equity. At September 30, 2023, the estimated duration of our securities portfolio decreased to 3.5 percent, compared with 4.1 percent at December 31, 2022, and 3.9 percent at September 30, 2022, primarily due to the addition of fair value hedges of fixed-rate securities during the second quarter of 2023.

For information about our borrowing capacity associated with the investment securities portfolio and how we manage our liquidity risk, refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section on page 31. See also Note 3 and Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on fair value measurements and the accounting for our investment securities portfolio.

The following schedule presents the major components of our investment securities portfolio.

INVESTMENT SECURITIES PORTFOLIO


	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
(In millions)	Par Value		Amortized cost		Fair value		Par Value		Amortized cost		Fair value
Held-to-maturity
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	$	94	$	94	$	86	$	100	$	100	$	93
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities 1	12,201		10,106		9,637		12,921		10,621		10,772
Municipal securities	359		359		326		404		405		374
Total held-to-maturity	12,654		10,559		10,049		13,425		11,126		11,239
Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	585		585		460		555		557		393
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	698		692		645		790		782		736
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	8,664		8,739		7,144		9,566		9,652		8,367
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	568		606		578		691		740		712
Municipal securities	1,309		1,431		1,297		1,571		1,732		1,634
Other debt securities	25		25		24		75		75		73
Total available-for-sale	11,849		12,078		10,148		13,248		13,538		11,915


Total HTM and AFS investment securities	$	24,503	$	22,637	$	20,197	$	26,673	$	24,664	$	23,154

1 During the fourth quarter of 2022, we transferred approximately $10.7 billion fair value ($13.1 billion amortized cost) of mortgage-backed AFS securities to the HTM category. The transfer of these securities from AFS to HTM at fair value resulted in a discount to the amortized cost basis of the HTM securities equivalent to the $2.4 billion ($1.8 billion after tax) of unrealized losses in AOCI attributable to these securities. The amortization of the unrealized losses will offset the effect of the accretion of the discount created by the transfer. At September 30, 2023, the unamortized discount on the HTM securities totaled approximately $2.2 billion ($1.6 billion after tax).

The amortized cost of total HTM and AFS investment securities decreased $2.0 billion, or 8%, from December 31, 2022, primarily due to principal reductions. Approximately 8% of the total HTM and AFS investment securities

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were floating-rate instruments at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Additionally, at September 30, 2023, we have $3.6 billion of pay-fixed swaps held as fair value hedges against fixed-rate AFS securities that effectively convert the fixed interest income to a floating rate on the hedged portion of the securities.

At September 30, 2023, the AFS investment securities portfolio included approximately $229 million of net premium that was distributed across the various security categories. Total taxable-equivalent premium amortization for these investment securities was $20 million for the third quarter of 2023, compared with $27 million for the same prior year period.

In addition to HTM and AFS securities, we also have a trading securities portfolio, comprised of municipal securities, that totaled $31 million at September 30, 2023, compared with $465 million at December 31, 2022. The prior year-end amount also included $395 million of exposures to money market mutual funds. Beginning in the first quarter of 2023, related balances were presented in “Money market investments” on the consolidated balance sheet.

Refer to the “Interest Rate Risk Management” section on page 28, the “Capital Management” section on page 34, and Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more discussion regarding our investment securities portfolio, swaps, and related unrealized gains and losses.

Municipal Investments and Extensions of Credit

We support our communities by providing products and services to state and local governments (“municipalities”), including deposit services, loans, and investment banking services. We also invest in securities issued by municipalities. Our municipal lending products generally include loans in which the debt service is repaid from general funds or pledged revenues of the municipal entity, or to private commercial entities or 501(c)(3) not-for-profit entities utilizing a pass-through municipal entity to achieve favorable tax treatment.

The following schedule summarizes our total investments and extensions of credit to municipalities:

MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS AND EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT


(In millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Loans and leases	$	4,221	$	4,361
Held-to-maturity securities	359		405
Available-for-sale securities	1,297		1,634

Trading securities	31		71
Unfunded lending commitments	282		406
Total	$	6,190	$	6,877

Our municipal loans and securities are primarily associated with municipalities located within our geographic footprint. The municipal loan and lease portfolio is primarily secured by general obligations of municipal entities. Other types of collateral also include real estate, revenue pledges, or equipment. At September 30, 2023, we had no municipal loans on nonaccrual.

Municipal securities are internally graded, similar to loans, using risk-grading systems which vary based on the size and type of credit risk exposure. The internal risk grades assigned to our municipal securities follow our definitions of Pass, Special Mention, and Substandard, which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications. At September 30, 2023, all municipal securities were graded as Pass. See Notes 5 and 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about the credit quality of these municipal loans and securities.

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Loan and Lease Portfolio

We provide a wide range of lending products to commercial customers, generally small- and medium-sized businesses. We also provide various retail lending products and services to consumers and small businesses. The following schedule presents the composition of our loan and lease portfolio.

LOAN AND LEASE PORTFOLIO


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		% of total loans		Amount		% of total loans
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	16,341	28.7	%	$	16,377	29.4	%
Leasing	373		0.7		386		0.7
Owner-occupied	9,273		16.3		9,371		16.9
Municipal	4,221		7.4		4,361		7.8
Total commercial	30,208		53.1		30,495		54.8
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	2,575		4.5		2,513		4.5
Term	10,565		18.6		10,226		18.4
Total commercial real estate	13,140		23.1		12,739		22.9
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	3,313		5.8		3,377		6.1
1-4 family residential	8,116		14.3		7,286		13.1
Construction and other consumer real estate	1,510		2.7		1,161		2.1
Bankcard and other revolving plans	475		0.8		471		0.8
Other	131		0.2		124		0.2
Total consumer	13,545		23.8		12,419		22.3
Total loans and leases	$	56,893	100.0	%	$	55,653	100.0	%

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the ratio of loans and leases to total assets was 65% and 62%, respectively. The largest loan category was commercial and industrial loans, which constituted 29% of our total loan portfolio at both time periods.

During the first nine months of 2023, the loan and lease portfolio increased $1.2 billion, or 2%, to $56.9 billion at September 30, 2023. Consumer loans increased $1.1 billion, primarily in the 1-4 family residential and consumer construction loan portfolios, and commercial real estate loans increased $0.4 billion, primarily in the multi-family and industrial term loan portfolios. Increased funding of construction lending commitments and conversion-to-term loans contributed to growth in these portfolios.

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Other Noninterest-Bearing Investments

Other noninterest-bearing investments are equity investments that are held primarily for capital appreciation, dividends, or for certain regulatory requirements. The following schedule summarizes our related investments.

OTHER NONINTEREST-BEARING INVESTMENTS


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		Amount change		Percent change

Bank-owned life insurance	$	551	$	546	$	5	1	%
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	71		294		(223)		(76)
Federal Reserve stock	65		68		(3)		(4)
Farmer Mac stock	23		19		4		21
SBIC investments	185		172		13		8
Other	34		31		3		10
Total other noninterest-bearing investments	$	929	$	1,130	$	(201)	(18)	%

Total other noninterest-bearing investments decreased $201 million, or 18%, during the first nine months of 2023, primarily due to a $223 million decrease in FHLB stock. We are required to invest approximately 4% of our FHLB borrowings in FHLB stock to maintain our borrowing capacity. The decrease in FHLB stock was primarily due to declines in FHLB borrowings since the first quarter of 2023, which was largely due to reduced funding needs as a result of the decrease in interest-earning assets and the increase in interest-bearing deposits.

In 2007, we received 460,153 non-transferable Class B shares of Visa, Inc. in connection with a restructuring and public offering by Visa U.S.A. As a member of Visa U.S.A., we received the Class B shares based on our interest in Visa U.S.A. and did not pay anything to acquire the shares. On September 13, 2023, Visa, Inc. announced its intent to engage with common stockholders on a potential proposal that would result in the release of certain transfer restrictions on a portion of Visa Class B common stock. If approved by a majority of Class A, B, and C common stockholders, the proposal would provide us the option to convert up to 50% of our Class B shares to freely transferable Visa Class A common shares. The per share closing price of a Visa Class A common share was $230.01 at September 30, 2023. In light of uncertainties associated with certain ongoing litigation matters involving Visa and the timing and outcome of the aforementioned proposal, the ultimate impact of this gain contingency is unknown.

Premises, Equipment, and Software

We are in the final phase of a three-phase project to replace our core loan and deposit banking systems. This final phase includes the replacement of our deposit banking systems through multiple affiliate bank conversions, the first of which was completed in the second quarter of 2023. We expect to complete substantially all of the remaining affiliate bank conversions in 2024.

The following schedule summarizes the capitalized costs associated with our core system replacement project, which are depreciated using a useful life of ten years.

CAPITALIZED COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CORE SYSTEM REPLACEMENT PROJECT


	September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Phase 1		Phase 2		Phase 3		Total

Total amount of capitalized costs, less accumulated depreciation	$	24	$	47	$	224	$	295

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Deposits

Deposits are our primary funding source. The following schedule presents the composition of our deposit portfolio.

DEPOSIT PORTFOLIO


	September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		% of total deposits		Amount		% of total deposits		Amount		% of total deposits
Deposits by type
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	26,733	35.5	%	$	28,670	38.6	%	$	35,777	49.9	%
Interest-bearing:
Savings and money market	37,026		49.1		33,303		44.8		33,474		46.7
Time	5,089		6.7		3,897		5.2		1,484		2.1
Brokered	6,551		8.7		8,453		11.4		917		1.3
Total deposits	$	75,399	100.0	%	$	74,323	100.0	%	$	71,652	100.0	%
Deposit-related metrics
Estimated amount of insured deposits	$	44,176	59	%	$	43,911	59	%	$	34,018	47	%
Estimated amount of uninsured deposits	$	31,223	41	%	$	30,412	41	%	$	37,634	53	%
Estimated amount of collateralized deposits 1	$	2,915	4	%	$	2,679	4	%	$	2,861	4	%
Loan-to-deposit ratio	75%				77%				78%

1 Includes both insured and uninsured deposits.

Total deposits increased $1.1 billion, or 1%, from June 30, 2023, and $3.7 billion, or 5%, from December 31, 2022. Customer deposits (excluding brokered deposits) increased $3.0 billion, or 5%, from June 30, 2023. This growth, resulting from both existing and new customers, is primarily due to an increase in interest-bearing deposits, as the higher interest rate environment influenced the movement of customer balances into interest-bearing products. Our noninterest-bearing deposits are generally more valuable in a rising interest rate environment, creating meaningful economic value that is not fully reflected on our balance sheet since core deposits and related intangible assets are not recorded at fair value for accounting purposes.

At September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, total customer deposits included approximately $6.4 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, of reciprocal placement products, where we distributed our customers’ deposits in a placement network to increase their FDIC insurance and in return we received a matching amount of deposits from other network banks.

At September 30, 2023, the estimated total amount of uninsured deposits was $31.2 billion, or 41%, of total deposits, compared with $30.4 billion, or 41%, and $37.6 billion, or 53%, of total deposits at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Our loan-to-deposit ratio was 75%, compared with 77% and 78% for the same respective time periods. See “Liquidity Risk Management” on page 31 for additional information on liquidity, including the ratio of available liquidity to uninsured deposits.

RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk management is an integral part of our operations and is a key determinant of our overall performance. We employ various strategies to prudently manage the risks to which our operations are exposed, including credit risk, market and interest rate risk, liquidity risk, strategic and business risk, operational risk, technology risk, cybersecurity risk, capital/financial reporting risk, legal/compliance risk (including regulatory risk), and reputational risk. These risks are overseen by various management committees including the Enterprise Risk Management Committee. For a more comprehensive discussion of these risks, see “Risk Factors” in our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Credit Risk Management

Credit risk is the possibility of loss from the failure of a borrower, guarantor, or another obligor to fully perform under the terms of a credit-related contract. Credit risk arises primarily from our lending activities, as well as from off-balance sheet credit instruments. Credit policies, credit risk management, and credit examination functions inform and support the oversight of credit risk. Our credit policies emphasize strong underwriting standards and early detection of potential problem credits in order to develop and implement action plans on a timely basis to mitigate potential losses. These formal credit policies and procedures provide us with a framework for consistent underwriting and a basis for sound credit decisions at the local banking affiliate level.

Our overall credit risk management strategy includes diversification of our loan portfolio. Our business activity is conducted primarily within the geographic footprint of our banking affiliates. We strive to avoid the risk of undue concentrations of credit in any particular industry, collateral type, location, or with any individual customer or counterparty. We have actively managed the credit risk in our commercial real estate portfolio for more than a decade, having reduced CRE loans to 23% of total loans, compared with 33% in late 2008. For a more comprehensive discussion of our credit risk management, see “Credit Risk Management” in our 2022 Form 10-K.

U.S. Government Agency Guaranteed Loans

We participate in various guaranteed lending programs sponsored by United States (“U.S.”) government agencies, such as the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), Federal Housing Authority, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Export-Import Bank of the U.S., and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. At September 30, 2023, $574 million of related loans were guaranteed, primarily by the SBA, and included $106 million of Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans. The following schedule presents the composition of U.S. government agency guaranteed loans.

U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY GUARANTEED LOANS


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023		Percent guaranteed		December 31, 2022		Percent guaranteed

Commercial	$	680	81	%	$	753	83	%
Commercial real estate	24		79		21		76
Consumer	5		100		5		100
Total loans	$	709	81	%	$	779	83	%

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Commercial Lending

The following schedule provides information regarding lending exposures to certain industries in our commercial lending portfolio.

COMMERCIAL LENDING BY INDUSTRY GROUP 1


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent

Real estate, rental and leasing	$	3,007	10.0	%	$	2,802	9.2	%
Retail trade	2,829		9.4		2,751		9.0
Finance and insurance	2,739		9.1		2,992		9.8
Healthcare and social assistance	2,518		8.3		2,373		7.8
Public Administration	2,217		7.3		2,366		7.8
Manufacturing	2,193		7.3		2,387		7.8
Wholesale trade	1,891		6.3		1,880		6.2
Utilities 2	1,550		5.1		1,418		4.6
Transportation and warehousing	1,480		4.9		1,464		4.8
Educational services	1,297		4.3		1,302		4.3
Construction	1,253		4.1		1,355		4.4
Hospitality and food services	1,198		4.0		1,238		4.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,162		3.8		1,349		4.4
Other Services (except Public Administration)	1,061		3.5		1,041		3.4
Professional, scientific, and technical services	1,005		3.3		995		3.3
Other 3	2,808		9.3		2,782		9.1
Total	$	30,208	100.0	%	$	30,495	100.0	%

1 Industry groups are determined by North American Industry Classification System (“NAICS”) codes.

2 Includes primarily utilities, power, and renewable energy.

3 No other industry group exceeds 3.1%.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our CRE loan portfolio totaled $13.1 billion and $12.7 billion, respectively, representing 23% of the total loan portfolio for both periods. The majority of our CRE loans are secured by real estate primarily located within our geographic footprint. The following schedule presents the geographic distribution of our CRE loan portfolio based on the location of the primary collateral.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LENDING BY COLLATERAL LOCATION


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent

Arizona	$	1,696	12.9	%	$	1,521	11.9	%
California	3,824		29.1		3,805		29.9
Colorado	668		5.1		637		5.0
Nevada	1,031		7.9		910		7.1
Texas	2,252		17.1		2,139		16.8
Utah/Idaho	2,262		17.2		2,397		18.8
Washington/Oregon	947		7.2		899		7.1
Other	460		3.5		431		3.4
Total CRE	$	13,140	100.0	%	$	12,739	100.0	%

Term CRE loans generally mature within a three- to seven-year period and consist of full, partial, and non-recourse guarantee structures. Typical term CRE loan structures include annually tested operating covenants that require loan rebalancing based on minimum debt service coverage, debt yield, or loan-to-value tests. Construction and land development loans generally mature in 18 to 36 months and contain full or partial recourse guarantee structures with

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one- to five-year extension options or roll-to-perm options that often result in term loans. At September 30, 2023, approximately 85% of our CRE loan portfolio was variable-rate, and approximately 24% of these variable-rate loans were swapped to a fixed rate.

Underwriting on commercial properties is primarily based on the economic viability of the project with significant consideration given to the creditworthiness and experience of the sponsor. We generally require that the owner’s equity be injected prior to any advances. Re-margining requirements (required equity infusions upon a decline in value or cash flow of the collateral) are often included in the loan agreement along with guarantees of the sponsor. For a more comprehensive discussion of CRE loans and our underwriting, see the “Commercial Real Estate Loans” section in our 2022 Form 10-K.

The following schedule presents our CRE loan portfolio by collateral type.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LENDING BY COLLATERAL TYPE


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Commercial property
Multi-family	$	3,563	27.1	%	$	3,068	24.1	%
Industrial	2,905		22.1		2,509		19.7
Office	2,100		15.9		2,281		17.9
Retail	1,467		11.2		1,529		12.0
Hospitality	696		5.3		695		5.4
Land	221		1.7		276		2.2
Other 1	1,696		12.9		1,728		13.5
Residential property 2
Single family	258		2.0		340		2.7
Land	76		0.6		75		0.6
Condo/Townhome	31		0.2		13		0.1
Other 1	127		1.0		225		1.8
Total	$	13,140	100.0	%	$	12,739	100.0	%

1 Included in the total amount of the “Other” categories was approximately $241 million and $301 million of unsecured loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

2 Residential property collateral type consists primarily of loans provided to commercial homebuilders for land, lot, and single-family housing developments.

Our CRE portfolio is diversified across geography and collateral type, with the largest concentration in multi-family. We provide additional analysis of our office CRE portfolio below in view of increased investor interest in that collateral type in recent periods.

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Office CRE loan portfolio

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our office CRE loan portfolio totaled $2.1 billion and $2.3 billion, representing 16% and 18% of the total CRE loan portfolio, respectively. Approximately 30% of the office CRE loan portfolio is scheduled to mature in the next 12 months. The following schedule presents the composition of our office CRE loan portfolio and other related credit quality metrics.

OFFICE CRE LOAN PORTFOLIO


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Office CRE
Construction and land development	$	174		$	208
Term	1,926			2,073
Total office CRE	$	2,100		$	2,281
Credit quality metrics
Criticized loan ratio	9.9		%	7.2		%
Classified loan ratio	5.5		%	5.8		%
Nonaccrual loan ratio	2.3		%	—		%
Delinquency ratio	1.3		%	1.5		%
Net charge-offs, annualized	0.1		%	—		%

Ratio of allowance for credit losses to office CRE loans, at period end	3.57		%	1.36		%

The following schedules present our office CRE loan portfolio by collateral location for the periods presented.

OFFICE CRE LOAN PORTFOLIO BY COLLATERAL LOCATION


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023
	Collateral Location
Loan type	Arizona			California			Colorado			Nevada			Texas			Utah/ Idaho			Wash-ington			Other 1			Total
Office CRE
Construction and land development	$	—		$	65		$	—		$	2		$	15		$	22		$	70		$	—		$	174
Term	288			428			90			87			180			594			229			30			1,926
Total Office CRE	$	288		$	493		$	90		$	89		$	195		$	616		$	299		$	30		$	2,100
% of total	13.7		%	23.5		%	4.3		%	4.3		%	9.3		%	29.3		%	14.2		%	1.4		%	100.0		%


(Dollar amounts in millions)	December 31, 2022
	Collateral Location
Loan type	Arizona			California			Colorado			Nevada			Texas			Utah/ Idaho			Wash-ington			Other 1			Total
Office CRE
Construction and land development	$	8		$	79		$	—		$	2		$	—		$	18		$	101		$	—		$	208
Term	295			525			97			99			217			613			195			32			2,073
Total Office CRE	$	303		$	604		$	97		$	101		$	217		$	631		$	296		$	32		$	2,281
% of total	13.1		%	27.0		%	4.3		%	4.3		%	9.6		%	26.8		%	13.5		%	1.4		%	100.0		%

1 No other geography exceeds $17 million and $18 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Consumer Loans

We originate first-lien residential home mortgages considered to be of prime quality. We generally hold variable-rate loans in our portfolio and sell “conforming” fixed-rate loans to third parties, including Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, for which we make representations and warranties that the loans meet certain underwriting and collateral documentation standards.

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During the first nine months of 2023, consumer loans increased $1.1 billion, primarily in the 1-4 family residential and consumer construction loan portfolios. Increased funding of construction lending commitments and conversion-to-term loans contributed to growth in these portfolios.

We also originate home equity credit lines (“HECLs”). At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our HECL portfolio totaled $3.3 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively. Approximately 40% and 44% of our HECLs are secured by first liens for the same respective time periods.

At September 30, 2023, loans representing less than 1% of the outstanding balance in the HECL portfolio were estimated to have combined loan-to-value (“CLTV”) ratios above 100%. An estimated CLTV ratio is the ratio of our loan plus any prior lien amounts divided by the estimated current collateral value. At origination, underwriting standards for the HECL portfolio generally include a maximum 80% CLTV with a Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) credit score greater than 700.

Approximately 90% of our HECL portfolio is still in the draw period, and about 18% of those loans are scheduled to begin amortizing within the next five years. We believe the risk of loss and borrower default in the event of a loan becoming fully amortizing and the effect of significant interest rate changes is low, given the rate shock analysis performed at origination. The ratio of HECL net charge-offs (recoveries) for the trailing twelve months to average balances at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, was 0.05% and (0.03)%, respectively. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the credit quality of the HECL portfolio.

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and other real estate owned (“OREO”) or foreclosed properties. The following schedule presents our nonperforming assets.

NONPERFORMING ASSETS


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022

Nonaccrual loans 1	$	216		$	149
Other real estate owned 2	3			—
Total nonperforming assets	$	219		$	149
Ratio of nonperforming assets to net loans and leases1 and other real estate owned 2	0.38		%	0.27		%
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more	$	16		$	6
Ratio of accruing loans past due 90 days or more to loans and leases 1	0.03		%	0.01		%
Nonaccrual loans1 and accruing loans past due 90 days or more	$	232		$	155
Ratio of nonperforming assets1 and accruing loans past due 90 days or more to loans and leases1 and other real estate owned 2	0.41		%	0.28		%

Nonaccrual loans1 current as to principal and interest payments	62.2		%	57.7		%

1 Includes loans held for sale.

2 Does not include banking premises held for sale.

Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases and OREO increased to 0.38% at September 30, 2023, compared with 0.27% at December 31, 2022. Total nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2023 increased to $216 million from $149 million at December 31, 2022, primarily due to two suburban office commercial real estate loans in the Southern California market totaling $46 million. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on nonaccrual loans.

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Loan Modifications

Loans may be modified in the normal course of business for competitive reasons or to strengthen our collateral position. Loan modifications may also occur when the borrower experiences financial difficulty and needs temporary or permanent relief from the original contractual terms of the loan.

On January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which eliminated the recognition and measurement of troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and their related disclosures. ASU 2022-02 requires enhanced disclosures for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For the first nine months of 2023, loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower experiencing financial difficulties totaled $243 million.

If a modified loan is on nonaccrual and performs for at least six months according to the modified terms, and an analysis of the customer’s financial condition indicates that we are reasonably assured of repayment of the modified principal and interest, the loan may be returned to accrual status. The borrower’s payment performance prior to and following the modification is taken into account to determine whether a loan should be returned to accrual status.

ACCRUING AND NONACCRUING MODIFIED LOANS TO BORROWERS EXPERIENCING FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY


(In millions)	September 30, 2023

Modified loans – accruing	$	232
Modified loans – nonaccruing	11
Total	$	243

For additional information regarding loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, including information related to TDRs prior to our adoption of ASU 2022-02, see Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL includes the ALLL and the RULC. The ACL represents our estimate of current expected credit losses related to the loan and lease portfolio and unfunded lending commitments as of the balance sheet date. To determine the adequacy of the allowance, our loan and lease portfolio is segmented based on loan type.

The RULC is a reserve for potential losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments and is separately recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in “Other liabilities.” Any related increases or decreases in the reserve are recorded on the consolidated income statement in “Provision for unfunded lending commitments.”

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The following schedule presents the changes in and allocation of the ACL.

SUMMARY OF CREDIT LOSS EXPERIENCE


(Dollar amounts in millions)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023			Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Loans and leases outstanding	$	56,893		$	55,653		$	53,918
Average loans and leases outstanding:
Commercial	30,620			29,225			28,945
Commercial real estate	12,942			12,251			12,151
Consumer	13,041			11,122			10,801
Total average loans and leases outstanding	$	56,603		$	52,598		$	51,897
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
Balance at beginning of period 1	$	572		$	513		$	513
Provision for loan losses	136			101			70
Charge-offs:
Commercial	35			72			65
Commercial real estate	3			—			—
Consumer	11			10			8
Total	49			82			73
Recoveries:
Commercial	17			32			21
Commercial real estate	—			—			—
Consumer	5			11			10
Total	22			43			31
Net loan and lease charge-offs	27			39			42
Balance at end of period	$	681		$	575		$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments:
Balance at beginning of period	$	61		$	40		$	40
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	(4)			21			9
Balance at end of period	$	57		$	61		$	49
Total allowance for credit losses:
Allowance for loan and lease losses	$	681		$	575		$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	57			61			49
Total allowance for credit losses	$	738		$	636		$	590

Ratio of allowance for credit losses to net loans and leases, at period end	1.30		%	1.14		%	1.09		%
Ratio of allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans, at period end	371		%	427		%	391		%
Ratio of allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more, at period end	343		%	410		%	345		%
Ratio of total net charge-offs to average loans and leases 2	0.06		%	0.07		%	0.11		%
Ratio of commercial net charge-offs to average commercial loans 2	0.08		%	0.14		%	0.20		%
Ratio of commercial real estate net charge-offs to average commercial real estate loans 2	0.03		%	—		%	—		%
Ratio of consumer net charge-offs to average consumer loans 2	0.06		%	(0.01)		%	(0.02)		%

1 The beginning balance for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 for the allowance for loan losses does not agree to the ending balance at December 31, 2022 because of the adoption of the new accounting standard related to loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties.

2 Ratios are annualized for the periods presented except for the period representing the full twelve months.

The total ACL increased to $738 million, from $636 million, during the first nine months of 2023, primarily due to deterioration in economic forecasts. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the ACL and credit trends experienced in each portfolio segment.

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Interest Rate and Market Risk Management

Interest rate risk is the potential for reduced net interest income and other rate-sensitive income resulting from adverse changes in the level of interest rates. Market risk is the potential for loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of fixed-income securities, equity securities, other earning assets, and derivative financial instruments as a result of changes in interest rates or other factors. Because we engage in transactions involving various financial products, we are exposed to both interest rate risk and market risk. For a more comprehensive discussion of our interest rate and market risk management, see the “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” section in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Interest Rate Risk

We strive to position the Bank for interest rate changes and manage the balance sheet sensitivity to reduce the volatility of both net interest income and economic value of equity (“EVE”). With the recent prominent bank failures during the first half of 2023, customer deposit behavior deviated from modeled behaviors, with the latter being informed using data reflecting an extended period of relatively low interest rates. As such, in addition to our historical-based assumptions, we have included adjusted deposit assumptions into our interest risk rate management, which increase the deposit beta for interest-bearing products and increase the percentage of non-interest bearing deposits that migrate to interest-bearing products. While we seek to comply with our interest rate risk limits under both sets of assumptions, management believes the adjusted deposit assumptions are more likely to reflect future behavior of deposits.

We generally have granular deposit funding, and much of this funding has an indeterminate life with no maturity, and can be withdrawn at any time. Because most deposits come from household and business accounts, their duration is generally longer than the duration of our loan portfolio. As such, we are naturally “asset-sensitive” — meaning that our assets are expected to reprice faster or more significantly than our liabilities. We regularly use interest rate swaps, investment in fixed-rate securities, and funding strategies to manage our interest rate risk. These strategies collectively have muted the expected sensitivity of net interest income to changes in interest rates. Asset sensitivity measures depend upon the assumptions we use for deposit runoff and repricing behavior. As interest rates rise, we expect some customers to move balances from demand deposits to interest-bearing accounts such as money market, savings, or certificates of deposit. Our models are particularly sensitive to the assumption about the rate of such migration.

We also assume a correlation, referred to as a “deposit beta,” with respect to interest-bearing deposits, wherein the rates paid to customers change at a different pace when compared with changes in average benchmark interest rates. Generally, certificates of deposit are assumed to have a high correlation, while interest-bearing checking accounts are assumed to have a lower correlation.

The following schedule presents deposit duration assumptions using both historical-based deposit behavior as well as the adjusted deposit assumptions discussed previously.

DEPOSIT ASSUMPTIONS


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Historical-based assumptions		Adjusted assumptions		Historical-based assumptions
Product	Effective duration (unchanged)	Effective duration (+200 bps)	Effective duration (unchanged)	Effective duration (+200 bps)	Effective duration (unchanged)	Effective duration (+200 bps)

Demand deposits	4.2%	3.8%	3.1%	2.9%	3.6%	3.5%
Money market	2.2%	2.1%	1.5%	1.3%	2.3%	2.0%
Savings and interest-bearing checking	2.4%	2.0%	1.6%	1.1%	3.1%	2.8%

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As more rate-sensitive deposits have runoff, the effective duration of the deposits under the historical-based assumptions has lengthened due to the remaining deposits that are assumed to be less rate sensitive. Conversely, the effective duration of the deposits under the adjusted assumptions has shortened considerably due to faster deposit repricing.

As noted previously, we utilize derivatives to manage interest rate risk. The following schedule presents derivatives that are designated in qualifying hedging relationships at September 30, 2023. Included are the average outstanding derivative notional amounts for each period presented and the weighted average fixed-rate paid or received for each category of cash flow and fair value hedge. Fair value hedges of assets include $2.5 billion in notional of hedges of AFS securities designated under the portfolio layer method that were added during the second quarter of 2023. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the impact of these hedging relationships on interest income and expense.

DERIVATIVES DESIGNATED IN QUALIFYING HEDGING RELATIONSHIPS


	2023			2024												2025									3Q25 - 2Q26			3Q26 - 2Q27
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fourth Quarter			First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter			First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter
Cash flow hedges
Cash flow hedges of assets 1,2
Average outstanding notional	$	2,250		$	1,817		$	1,483		$	1,050		$	550		$	350		$	350		$	350		$	111		$	100
Weighted-average fixed-rate received	2.24		%	2.05		%	1.96		%	1.82		%	1.96		%	2.34		%	2.34		%	2.34		%	1.66		%	1.65		%
Cash flow hedges of liabilities 3
Average outstanding notional	$	500		$	500		$	500		$	500		$	500		$	500		$	500		$	—		$	—		$	—
Weighted-average fixed-rate paid	3.67		%	3.67		%	3.67		%	3.67		%	3.67		%	3.67		%	3.67		%	—		%	—		%	—		%
	2024			2025			2026			2027			2028			2029			2030			2031			2032			2033
Fair value hedges
Fair value hedges of assets 4
Average outstanding notional	$	4,171		$	4,444		$	4,558		$	4,562		$	4,558		$	2,428		$	1,049		$	1,044		$	1,037		$	1,001
Weighted-average fixed-rate paid	3.33		%	3.24		%	3.21		%	3.21		%	3.21		%	2.47		%	1.84		%	1.83		%	1.83		%	1.83		%

1 Cash flow hedges consist of receive-fixed swaps hedging pools of floating-rate loans.

2 Cash flow hedges of assets fully matures in October 2027. Amounts for 2027 have not been prorated to reflect this hedge maturing during the period.

3 Cash flow hedges of liabilities fully matures in May 2025.

4 Fair value hedges of assets consist of pay-fixed interest rate swaps hedging AFS fixed-rate securities.

Incorporating the historical-based and adjusted deposit assumptions and the impact of derivatives in qualifying hedging relationships previously discussed, the following schedule presents earnings at risk (“EaR”), or the percentage change in 12-month forward-looking net interest income, and our estimated percentage change in EVE. Both EaR and EVE are based on a static balance sheet size under parallel interest rate changes ranging from -100 bps to +300 bps. These measures highlight the sensitivity to changes in interest rates across various scenarios; the outcomes are not intended to be forecasts of expected net interest income.

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INCOME SIMULATION – CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME AND CHANGE IN ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY


	September 30, 2023										December 31, 2022
	Parallel shift in rates (in bps)1										Parallel shift in rates (in bps)1
Repricing scenario	-100		0		+100		+200		+300		-100		0		+100		+200		+300
Historical-based assumptions:
Earnings at Risk (EaR)	(4.4)	%	—	%	4.4	%	8.9	%	13.3	%	(2.4)	%	—	%	2.4	%	4.8	%	7.1	%
Economic Value of Equity (EVE)	(0.8)	%	—	%	1.8	%	3.5	%	5.0	%	2.0	%	—	%	(1.1)	%	(2.3)	%	(3.7)	%

Adjusted assumptions:
Earnings at Risk (EaR)	(0.7)	%	—	%	0.6	%	1.4	%	2.0	%
Economic Value of Equity (EVE)	4.4	%	—	%	(4.9)	%	(9.7)	%	(14.1)	%

1 Assumes rates cannot go below zero in the negative rate shift.

Under the historical-based assumptions, the asset sensitivity, as measured by EaR, increased during the third quarter of 2023, primarily due an increase in pay-fixed interest rate swap notional, partially offset by deposit migration from low beta products to high beta products. Under the adjusted deposit assumptions, asset sensitivity decreased significantly due to faster deposit repricing. Both assumptions result in interest rate risk being within policy limits; management believes the adjusted deposit assumptions are more likely to reflect future behavior of deposits.

For interest-bearing deposits with indeterminate maturities, the weighted average modeled beta is 42% under the historical-based assumptions, and 62% under the adjusted assumptions.

The EaR analysis focuses on parallel rate shocks across the term structure of benchmark interest rates. In a non-parallel rate scenario where shorter-term rates increase slightly, but the ten-year rate increases by 200 bps, the increase in EaR as modeled under the historical-based assumptions would be approximately 50 percent larger than the change associated with the parallel +200 bps rate change.

EaR has inherent limitations in describing expected changes in net interest income in rapidly changing interest rate environments due to a lag in asset and liability repricing behavior. As such, we expect net interest income to change due to “latent” and “emergent” interest rate sensitivity. Unlike EaR, which measures net interest income over 12 months, latent and emergent interest rate sensitivity explains changes in current quarter net interest income, compared with expected net interest income in the same quarter one year forward.

Latent interest rate sensitivity refers to future changes in net interest income based upon past rate movements that have yet to be fully recognized in revenue but will be recognized over the near term. We expect latent sensitivity to reduce net interest income by approximately 2% in the third quarter of 2024, compared with the third quarter of 2023.

Emergent interest rate sensitivity refers to future changes in net interest income based upon future interest rate movements and is measured from the latent level of net interest income. If interest rates rise consistent with the forward curve at September 30, 2023, we expect emergent sensitivity to decrease net interest income by an insignificant amount from the latent sensitivity level, for a cumulative 2% reduction in net interest income.

Our focus on business banking also plays a significant role in determining the nature of our asset-liability management posture. At September 30, 2023, $24.3 billion of our commercial lending and CRE loan balances were scheduled to reprice in the next six months. For these variable-rate loans, we have executed $2.6 billion of cash flow hedges by receiving fixed rates on interest rate swaps. At September 30, 2023, we also had $3.5 billion of variable-rate consumer loans scheduled to reprice in the next six months. The impact on asset sensitivity from commercial or consumer loans with floors has become insignificant as rates have risen. See Notes 3 and 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding derivative instruments.

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Market Risk – Fixed Income

We are exposed to market risk through changes in fair value. This includes market risk for trading securities and for interest rate swaps used to hedge interest rate risk. We underwrite municipal and corporate securities. We also trade municipal, agency, and treasury securities. This underwriting and trading activity exposes us to a risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the prices of these fixed-income securities.

Changes in the fair value of AFS securities and in interest rate swaps that qualify as cash flow hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) for each financial reporting period. During the third quarter of 2023, the $105 million after-tax increase in AOCI loss related to investment securities was driven largely by declines in the fair value of the AFS securities primarily due to increases in benchmark interest rates. For more discussion regarding investment securities and AOCI, see the “Capital Management” section on page 34. See also Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding the accounting for investment securities.

Market Risk – Equity Investments

Through our equity investment activities, we own equity securities that are publicly traded. In addition, we own equity securities in governmental entities and companies, e.g., Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) and the FHLB, that are not publicly traded. Equity investments may be accounted for at cost less impairment and adjusted for observable price changes, fair value, the equity method, or proportional or full consolidation methods of accounting, depending on our ownership position and degree of influence over the investees’ business. Regardless of the accounting method, the values of our investments are subject to fluctuation. Because the fair value of these securities may fall below the cost at which we acquired them, we are exposed to the possibility of loss. Equity investments in private and public companies are evaluated, monitored, and approved by members of management in our Equity Investments Committee and Securities Valuation Committee.

We hold both direct and indirect investments in predominantly pre-public companies, primarily through various Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) venture capital funds as a strategy to provide beneficial financing, growth, and expansion opportunities to diverse businesses generally in communities within our geographic footprint. Our equity exposure to these investments was approximately $185 million and $172 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. On occasion, some of the companies within our SBIC investment may issue an initial public offering (“IPO”). In this case, the fund is generally subject to a lockout period before liquidating the investment, which can introduce additional market risk. See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the valuation of our SBIC investments.

Liquidity Risk Management

Liquidity refers to our ability to meet our cash, contractual, and collateral obligations, and to manage both expected and unexpected cash flows without adversely impacting our operations or financial strength. We manage our liquidity to provide funds for our customers’ credit needs, our anticipated financial and contractual obligations, and other corporate activities. Sources of liquidity include deposits, borrowings, equity, and unencumbered assets, such as loans and investment securities. Our investment securities are primarily held as a source of contingent liquidity. We generally own securities that can readily provide us with cash and liquidity through secured borrowing agreements with securities pledged as collateral.

We maintain and regularly test a contingency funding plan to identify sources and uses of liquidity. Additionally, we have a Board-approved liquidity policy that requires us to monitor and maintain adequate liquidity, diversify funding positions, and anticipate future funding needs. In accordance with this policy, we monitor our liquidity positions by conducting various stress tests and evaluating certain liquid asset measurements, such as a 30-day liquidity coverage ratio.

We perform regular liquidity stress tests and assess our portfolio of highly liquid assets (sufficient to cover 30-day funding needs under stress scenarios). These stress tests include projections of funding maturities, uses of funds, and assumptions of deposit runoff. The assumptions consider the size of deposit account, operational nature of deposits, type of depositor, and concentrations of funding sources including large depositors and aggregate levels of

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uncollateralized deposits exceeding insured levels. Concentrated funding sources are given large runoff factors up to 100% in projecting stressed funding needs. Our liquidity stress testing considers multiple timeframes ranging from overnight to 12 months. Our liquidity policy requires us to maintain sufficient on-balance sheet liquidity in the form of FRB reserve balance and other highly liquid assets to meet stressed outflow assumptions.

We have a dedicated funding desk that monitors real-time inflows and outflows of our FRB account, and we have tools, including ready access to repo markets and FHLB advances, to manage intraday liquidity. FHLB borrowings are “open-term,” allowing us the ability to retain or return funds based on our liquidity needs. We pledge a large portion of our highly liquid investment securities portfolio through the General Collateral Funding (“GCF”) repo program. Through this program, high-quality collateral is pledged, and program participants exchange funds anonymously, which allows for near instant access to funding during market hours.

Additionally, we have pledged collateral to the FRB’s primary credit facility (or discount window) and the Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”), which provide additional contingent funding sources outside the normal operating hours of the FHLB and the GCF program. The BTFP offers loans of up to one year in length to eligible depository institutions pledging U.S. Treasuries, agency debt and government mortgage-backed securities, and other qualifying assets as collateral. Unlike other funding sources, borrowing capacity under the BTFP is based on the par value, not the fair value, of collateral. Advances can be requested under the program through mid-March 2024.

For more information on our liquidity risk management practices, see “Liquidity Risk Management” in our 2022 Form 10-K.

For the first nine months of 2023, the primary sources of cash came from an increase in deposits, a decrease in investment securities, and net cash provided by operating activities. Uses of cash during the same period primarily included a decrease in short-term borrowings, an increase in loans and leases, and dividends paid on common and preferred stock. Cash payments for interest reflected in operating expenses were $913 million and $63 million for the first nine months of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The FHLB and FRB have been, and continue to be, a significant source of back-up liquidity and funding. We are a member of the FHLB of Des Moines, which allows member banks to borrow against eligible loans and securities to satisfy liquidity and funding requirements. We are required to invest in FHLB and FRB stock to maintain our borrowing capacity. At September 30, 2023, our total investment in FHLB and FRB stock was $71 million and $65 million, respectively, compared with $294 million and $68 million at December 31, 2022.

At September 30, 2023, loans with a carrying value of $24.7 billion and $12.5 billion, compared with $23.7 billion and $3.9 billion at December 31, 2022, were pledged at the FHLB and FRB, respectively, as collateral for current and potential borrowings.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, investment securities with a carrying value of $20.3 billion and $13.5 billion, respectively, were pledged as collateral for potential borrowings. For the same time periods, these pledges included $9.6 billion and $8.3 billion for available use through the GCF repo program, $6.6 billion and $1.0 billion to the FRB, and $4.1 billion and $4.2 billion to secure collateralized public and trust deposits, advances, and for other purposes.

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A large portion of these pledged assets are unencumbered, but are pledged to provide immediate access to contingency sources of funds. The following schedule presents our total available liquidity including unused collateralized borrowing capacity.

AVAILABLE LIQUIDITY


	September 30, 2023											December 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in billions)	FHLB		FRB		GCF		BTFP		Total			FHLB		FRB		GCF		BTFP		Total



Total borrowing capacity	$	16.6	$	11.0	$	9.3	$	6.9	$	43.8		$	16.6	$	4.0	$	8.4	$	—	$	29.0
Borrowings outstanding	1.6		—		1.0		—		2.6			7.2		—		2.7		—		9.9
Remaining capacity, at period end	$	15.0	$	11.0	$	8.3	$	6.9	$	41.2		$	9.4	$	4.0	$	5.7	$	—	$	19.1

Cash and due from banks									0.7											0.7
Interest-bearing deposits 1									1.7											1.3
Total available liquidity									$	43.6										$	21.1
Ratio of available liquidity to uninsured deposits									140		%									56		%

1 Represents funds deposited by the Bank primarily at the Federal Reserve Bank.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our total available liquidity was $43.6 billion, compared with $21.1 billion, respectively. At September 30, 2023, we had sources of liquidity which exceeded our uninsured deposits without the need to sell any investment securities.

General financial market and economic conditions impact our access to, and cost of, external financing. Access to funding markets is also directly affected by the credit ratings we receive from various rating agencies. The ratings not only influence the costs associated with borrowings, but can also influence the sources of the borrowings. All of the credit rating agencies rate our debt at an investment-grade level.

The following schedule presents our current credit ratings.

CREDIT RATINGS

as of October 31, 2023:

Rating agency

Outlook

Long-term issuer/senior
debt rating

Subordinated debt rating

Short-term debt rating

Kroll

Positive

A-

BBB+

S&P

Negative

BBB+

BBB

Fitch

Stable

BBB+

BBB

Moody's

Stable

Baa2

Various uncertainties in the banking industry during the first nine months of 2023 resulted in ratings pressure for a number of banks, including Zions. As a result, the credit rating agencies took the following actions related to our issuer, debt, and deposit ratings:

•In April 2023, Moody's downgraded our long-term issuer rating to Baa2 from Baa1, our short-term debt rating to P2 from P1, and changed their outlook on our long-term deposit and issuer ratings to “Stable” from “Ratings under review.”

•In May 2023, Standard & Poor's (“S&P”) changed their outlook on our long-term deposit and issuer ratings to “Negative” from “Stable.”

•In October 2023, Fitch downgraded our short-term debt rating to F2 from F1.

We may, from time to time, issue additional preferred stock, senior or subordinated notes, or other forms of capital or debt instruments, depending on our capital, funding, asset-liability management, or other needs as market conditions warrant. These additional issuances may be subject to required regulatory approvals. We believe that our sources of available liquidity are adequate to meet all reasonably foreseeable short- and intermediate-term demands.

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Capital Management

A strong capital position is vital to the achievement of our key corporate objectives, our continued profitability, and to promoting depositor and investor confidence. We seek to (1) maintain sufficient capital to support the current needs and growth of our businesses, and (2) fulfill responsibilities to depositors and bondholders while managing capital distributions to shareholders through dividends and repurchases of common stock.

We utilize stress testing as an important mechanism to inform our decisions on the appropriate level of capital, based upon actual and hypothetically stressed economic conditions, which are comparable in severity to the scenarios published by the FRB. The timing and amount of capital actions are subject to various factors, including our financial performance, business needs, prevailing and anticipated economic conditions, and the results of our internal stress testing, as well as Board and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) approval. Shares may be repurchased occasionally in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. For a more comprehensive discussion of our capital risk management, see “Capital Management” in our 2022 Form 10-K.

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		Amount change		Percent change
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock	$	440	$	440	$	—	—	%
Common stock and additional paid-in capital	1,726		1,754		(28)		(2)
Retained earnings	6,157		5,811		346		6
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,008)		(3,112)		104		3
Total shareholders' equity	$	5,315	$	4,893	$	422	9	%

Total shareholders’ equity increased $422 million, or 9%, to $5.3 billion at September 30, 2023, compared with $4.9 billion at December 31, 2022. Common stock and additional paid-in capital decreased $28 million, primarily due to common stock repurchases during the first quarter of 2023. As the macroeconomic environment remained uncertain, we did not repurchase common shares during the second or third quarters of 2023, nor do we expect to repurchase common shares during the fourth quarter of 2023.

AOCI was a $3.0 billion loss at September 30, 2023, and, for the first nine months of 2023, reflected (1) a $169 million decline in the fair value of fixed-rate AFS securities as a result of higher interest rates, primarily offset by $158 million in unrealized loss amortization associated with the securities transferred from AFS to HTM during the fourth quarter of 2022, and (2) a $114 million increase in unrealized gains and other adjustments associated with derivative instruments used for risk management purposes. Absent any sales or credit impairment of the AFS securities, the unrealized losses will not be recognized in earnings. We do not intend to sell any securities with unrealized losses. Although changes in AOCI are reflected in shareholders’ equity, they are excluded from regulatory capital, and therefore do not impact our regulatory ratios.

For more discussion on our investment securities portfolio and related unrealized gains and losses, see Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CAPITAL DISTRIBUTIONS


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions, except share data)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Capital distributions:
Preferred dividends paid	$	7	$	6	$	22	$	22

Total capital distributed to preferred shareholders	7		6		22		22
Common dividends paid	61		62		184		178
Bank common stock repurchased 1	—		50		50		151
Total capital distributed to common shareholders	61		112		234		329
Total capital distributed to preferred and common shareholders	$	68	$	118	$	256	$	351
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (in thousands)	147,653		149,792		147,794		150,766
Common shares outstanding, at period end (in thousands)	148,146		149,611		148,146		149,611

1 Includes amounts related to the common shares acquired from our publicly announced plans and those acquired in connection with our stock compensation plan. Shares were acquired from employees to pay for their payroll taxes and stock option exercise cost upon the exercise of stock options.

Pursuant to the OCC’s “Earnings Limitation Rule,” our dividend payments are restricted to an amount equal to the sum of the total of (1) our net income for that year, and (2) retained earnings for the preceding two years, unless the OCC approves the declaration and payment of dividends in excess of such amount. At September 30, 2023, we had $1.9 billion of retained net profits available for distribution.

During the third quarter of 2023, we paid dividends on preferred stock of $7 million and dividends on common stock of $61 million, or $0.41 per share. In October 2023, the Board declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.41 per common share, payable on November 16, 2023 to shareholders of record on November 9, 2023. See Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about our capital management actions.

Basel III

We are subject to Basel III capital requirements that include certain minimum regulatory capital ratios. At September 30, 2023, we exceeded all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III capital rules. Based on our internal stress testing and other assessments of capital adequacy, we believe we hold capital sufficiently in excess of internal and regulatory requirements for well-capitalized banks. See the “Supervision and Regulation” section and Note 15 of our 2022 Form 10-K for more information about our compliance with the Basel III capital requirements. The following schedule presents our capital amounts, capital ratios, and other selected performance ratios.

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CAPITAL AMOUNTS AND RATIOS


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Basel III risk-based capital amounts:
Common equity tier 1 capital	$	6,803		$	6,481		$	6,342
Tier 1 risk-based	7,242			6,921			6,781
Total risk-based	8,500			8,077			7,887
Risk-weighted assets	66,615			66,111			65,985
Basel III risk-based capital ratios:
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	10.2		%	9.8		%	9.6		%
Tier 1 risk-based ratio	10.9			10.5			10.3
Total risk-based ratio	12.8			12.2			12.0
Tier 1 leverage ratio	8.3			7.7			7.5
Other ratios:
Average equity to average assets (three months ended)	6.2		%	5.4		%	6.5		%
Return on average common equity (three months ended)	13.5			25.4			15.8
Return on average tangible common equity (three months ended) 1	17.3			33.4			19.6
Tangible equity ratio 1	4.9			4.3			4.2
Tangible common equity ratio 1	4.4			3.8			3.7

1 See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” on page 37 for more information regarding these ratios.

On July 27, 2023, bank regulators issued a proposal to implement the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s finalization of the post-crisis bank regulatory capital reforms. The proposal provides for a July 1, 2025 effective date, subject to a three-year phase-in period for certain aspects of the proposal. Bank regulators recently extended the comment period for the proposal to January 16, 2024.

The proposal, commonly referred to as Basel III “Endgame,” would significantly revise the capital requirements applicable to large banking organizations, defined as those with total assets of $100 billion or more. At September 30, 2023, we had $87.3 billion in total assets and do not currently qualify as a large banking organization. We are evaluating the potential future impact of the proposal, as we expect it is more likely than not we would become subject to this proposal over the next few years.

Under the proposal, at such time we were to increase our total assets to $100 billion or more, we would, among other things, be required to (1) include unrealized gains and losses on AFS debt securities in regulatory capital, (2) hold capital for operational risk and market risk, and (3) calculate risk-based capital ratios under both the standardized approach and the expanded risk-based approach.

On August 29, 2023, bank regulators issued a proposal that would expand a long-term debt requirement to all banks with total assets of $100 billion or more. The proposed rule would require these banks to have a minimum outstanding amount of eligible long-term debt that is the greater of (i) 6% of total risk-weighted assets; (ii) 2.5% of total leverage exposure, and (iii) 3.5% of average total assets. In the event we were to increase our total assets to $100 billion or more, we would have a three-year implementation period to issue debt and meet the other requirements under the proposal. At September 30, 2023, if enacted as proposed, the estimated amount of incremental debt we would be required to issue would be approximately $3.5 billion over the three year phase-in period.

Additionally, on August 29, 2023, the FDIC issued a proposal that revises the requirements for resolution planning (“living wills”) for banks in two asset categories. Under the proposal, banks with total assets of $100 billion or more would be required to submit more detailed living wills, while banks with total assets between $50 billion and $100 billion would submit more limited information filings, in each case filed biennially beginning in 2025.

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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

This Form 10-Q presents non-GAAP financial measures, in addition to GAAP financial measures. The adjustments to reconcile from the applicable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures are presented in the following schedules. We consider these adjustments to be relevant to ongoing operating results and provide a meaningful basis for period-to-period comparisons. We use these non-GAAP financial measures to assess our performance and financial position. We believe that presenting these non-GAAP financial measures permits investors to assess our performance on the same basis as that applied by our management and the financial services industry.

Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations and are not necessarily comparable to similar financial measures that may be presented by other financial services companies. Although non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by stakeholders to evaluate a company, they have limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results reported under generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

Tangible Common Equity and Related Measures

Tangible common equity and related measures are non-GAAP measures that exclude the impact of intangible assets and their related amortization. We believe these non-GAAP measures provide useful information about our use of shareholders’ equity and provide a basis for evaluating the performance of a business more consistently, whether acquired or developed internally.

RETURN ON AVERAGE TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY (NON-GAAP)


		Three Months Ended
(Dollar amounts in millions)		September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			September 30, 2022

Net earnings applicable to common shareholders (GAAP)		$	168		$	166		$	211
Adjustment, net of tax:
Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles		1			1			1
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders, net of tax	(a)	$	169		$	167		$	212
Average common equity (GAAP)		$	4,938		$	4,818		$	5,303
Average goodwill and intangibles		(1,061)			(1,063)			(1,021)

Average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)	(b)	$	3,877		$	3,755		$	4,282
Number of days in quarter	(c)	92			91			92
Number of days in year	(d)	365			365			365
Return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) 1	(a/b/c)*d	17.3		%	17.8		%	19.6		%

1 Excluding the effect of AOCI from average tangible common equity would result in associated returns of 9.9%, 10.0%, and 13.2% for the periods presented, respectively.

TANGIBLE EQUITY RATIO, TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY RATIO, AND TANGIBLE BOOK VALUE PER COMMON SHARE (ALL NON-GAAP MEASURES)


(Dollar amounts in millions, except per share amounts)		September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			September 30, 2022

Total shareholders’ equity (GAAP)		$	5,315		$	5,283		$	4,696
Goodwill and intangibles		(1,060)			(1,062)			(1,034)

Tangible equity (non-GAAP)	(a)	4,255			4,221			3,662
Preferred stock		(440)			(440)			(440)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP)	(b)	$	3,815		$	3,781		$	3,222
Total assets (GAAP)		$	87,269		$	87,230		$	88,474
Goodwill and intangibles		(1,060)			(1,062)			(1,034)

Tangible assets (non-GAAP)	(c)	$	86,209		$	86,168		$	87,440
Common shares outstanding (in thousands)	(d)	148,146			148,144			149,611
Tangible equity ratio (non-GAAP)	(a/c)	4.9		%	4.9		%	4.2		%
Tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP)	(b/c)	4.4		%	4.4		%	3.7		%
Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP)	(b/d)	$	25.75		$	25.52		$	21.54

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Efficiency Ratio and Adjusted Pre-Provision Net Revenue

The efficiency ratio is a measure of operating expense relative to revenue. We believe the efficiency ratio provides useful information regarding the cost of generating revenue. We make adjustments to exclude certain items that are not generally expected to recur frequently, as identified in the subsequent schedule, which we believe allows for more consistent comparability across periods. Adjusted noninterest expense provides a measure as to how we are managing our expenses. Adjusted pre-provision net revenue enables management and others to assess our ability to generate capital. Taxable-equivalent net interest income allows us to assess the comparability of revenue arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources.

EFFICIENCY RATIO (NON-GAAP) AND ADJUSTED PRE-PROVISION NET REVENUE (NON-GAAP)


		Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended						Year Ended
(Dollar amounts in millions)		September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			September 30, 2022			September 30, 2023			September 30, 2022			December 31, 2022

Noninterest expense (GAAP)	(a)	$	496		$	508		$	479		$	1,516		$	1,407		$	1,878
Adjustments:
Severance costs		—			13			—			14			1			1
Other real estate expense, net		—			—			—			—			1			1

Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles		2			1			1			5			1			1
Restructuring costs		1			—			—			1			—			—

SBIC investment success fee accrual 1		—			—			1			—			—			(1)
Total adjustments	(b)	3			14			2			20			3			2
Adjusted noninterest expense (non-GAAP)	(a-b)=(c)	$	493		$	494		$	477		$	1,496		$	1,404		$	1,876
Net interest income (GAAP)	(d)	$	585		$	591		$	663		$	1,855		$	1,800		$	2,520
Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments	(e)	11			11			10			31			27			37
Taxable-equivalent net interest income (non-GAAP)	(d+e)=f	596			602			673			1,886			1,827			2,557
Noninterest income (GAAP)	g	180			189			165			529			479			632
Combined income (non-GAAP)	(f+g)=(h)	776			791			838			2,415			2,306			3,189
Adjustments:
Fair value and nonhedge derivative gains		7			1			4			5			20			16
Securities gains (losses), net 1		4			—			6			5			(10)			(15)
Total adjustments 2	(i)	11			1			10			10			10			1
Adjusted taxable-equivalent revenue (non-GAAP)	(h-i)=(j)	$	765		$	790		$	828		$	2,405		$	2,296		$	3,188
Pre-provision net revenue (non-GAAP)	(h)-(a)	$	280		$	283		$	359		$	899		$	899		$	1,311
Adjusted PPNR (non-GAAP)	(j)-(c)	272			296			351			909			892			1,312
Efficiency ratio (non-GAAP) 2	(c/j)	64.4		%	62.5		%	57.6		%	62.2		%	61.1		%	58.8		%

1 The success fee accrual is associated with the gains and losses from our SBIC investments, which are excluded from the efficiency ratio through securities gains (losses), net.

2 Excluding the $13 million gain on sale of bank-owned premises recorded in dividends and other income, the efficiency ratio for the three months ended June 30, 2023 would have been 63.6%.

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ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


(In millions, shares in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	700	$	657
Money market investments:
Interest-bearing deposits	1,704		1,340
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	1,427		2,426
Investment securities:
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: $10,049 and $11,239)	10,559		11,126
Available-for-sale, at fair value	10,148		11,915
Trading, at fair value	31		465

Total investment securities	20,738		23,506
Loans held for sale	41		8
Loans and leases, net of unearned income and fees	56,893		55,653
Less allowance for loan and lease losses	681		575
Loans held for investment, net of allowance	56,212		55,078
Other noninterest-bearing investments	929		1,130
Premises, equipment and software, net	1,410		1,408
Goodwill and intangibles	1,060		1,065
Other real estate owned	7		3
Other assets	3,041		2,924
Total assets	$	87,269	$	89,545
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	26,733	$	35,777
Interest-bearing:
Savings and money market	37,090		33,566
Time	11,576		2,309

Total deposits	75,399		71,652
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings	4,346		10,417
Long-term debt	540		651
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	57		61
Other liabilities	1,612		1,871
Total liabilities	81,954		84,652
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, without par value; authorized 4,400 shares	440		440
Common stock ($0.001 par value; authorized 350,000 shares; issued and outstanding 148,146 and 148,664 shares) and additional paid-in capital	1,726		1,754
Retained earnings	6,157		5,811
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,008)		(3,112)


Total shareholders’ equity	5,315		4,893
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	87,269	$	89,545

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME


(Unaudited)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans	$	831	$	551	$	2,348	$	1,456
Interest on money market investments	35		24		140		42
Interest on securities	144		132		419		372
Total interest income	1,010		707		2,907		1,870
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits	366		19		668		32
Interest on short- and long-term borrowings	59		25		384		38
Total interest expense	425		44		1,052		70
Net interest income	585		663		1,855		1,800
Provision for credit losses:
Provision for loan and lease losses	44		60		136		70
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	(3)		11		(4)		9

Total provision for credit losses	41		71		132		79
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	544		592		1,723		1,721
Noninterest income:
Commercial account fees	43		40		131		118
Card fees	26		27		75		77
Retail and business banking fees	17		17		49		57
Loan-related fees and income	23		18		63		61
Capital markets fees	18		25		62		61
Wealth management fees	15		14		44		41
Other customer-related fees	15		15		46		46
Customer-related noninterest income	157		156		470		461
Fair value and nonhedge derivative income	7		4		5		20
Dividends and other income (loss)	12		(1)		49		8
Securities gains (losses), net	4		6		5		(10)
Total noninterest income	180		165		529		479
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	311		312		974		931
Technology, telecom, and information processing	62		53		175		158
Occupancy and equipment, net	42		38		122		112
Professional and legal services	16		14		45		42
Marketing and business development	10		11		35		28
Deposit insurance and regulatory expense	20		13		60		36
Credit-related expense	6		8		19		22
Other real estate expense, net	—		—		—		1
Other	29		30		86		77
Total noninterest expense	496		479		1,516		1,407
Income before income taxes	228		278		736		793
Income taxes	53		61		182		170
Net income	175		217		554		623


Preferred stock dividends	(7)		(6)		(22)		(22)

Net earnings applicable to common shareholders	$	168	$	211	$	532	$	601
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period:
Basic shares (in thousands)	147,648		149,628		147,784		150,510
Diluted shares (in thousands)	147,653		149,792		147,794		150,766
Net earnings per common share:
Basic	$	1.13	$	1.40	$	3.57	$	3.96
Diluted	1.13		1.40		3.57		3.96

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022

Net income for the period	$	175	$	217	$	554	$	623
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net unrealized holding losses on investment securities 1	(105)		(909)		(11)		(2,729)





Net unrealized gains (losses) on other noninterest-bearing investments	1		(1)		1		(2)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivative instruments	(6)		(138)		15		(322)
Reclassification adjustment for decrease (increase) in interest income recognized in earnings on derivative instruments	32		8		99		(7)

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(78)		(1,040)		104		(3,060)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	97	$	(823)	$	658	$	(2,437)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

1 For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the amounts include $160 million and $169 million related to the decline in the fair value of fixed-rate AFS securities as a result of higher interest rates, offset by $55 million and $158 million in unrealized loss amortization associated with the securities transferred from AFS to HTM during the fourth quarter of 2022, respectively.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)


(In millions, except shares and per share amounts)	Preferred stock		Common stock			Accumulated paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Total shareholders’ equity
			Shares (in thousands)	Amount

Balance at June 30, 2023	$	440	148,144	$	—	$	1,722	$	6,051		$	(2,930)	$	5,283
Net income for the period								175					175
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax											(78)		(78)



Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits			2			4							4
Dividends on preferred stock								(7)					(7)
Dividends on common stock, $0.41 per share								(61)					(61)
Change in deferred compensation								(1)					(1)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	440	148,146	$	—	$	1,726	$	6,157		$	(3,008)	$	5,315

Balance at June 30, 2022	$	440	150,471	$	—	$	1,845	$	5,447		$	(2,100)	$	5,632
Net income for the period								217					217
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax											(1,040)		(1,040)

Bank common stock repurchased			(888)			(50)							(50)

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits			28			4							4
Dividends on preferred stock								(6)					(6)
Dividends on common stock, $0.41 per share								(61)					(61)

Balance at September 30, 2022	$	440	149,611	$	—	$	1,799	$	5,597		$	(3,140)	$	4,696

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(In millions, except shares and per share amounts)	Preferred stock		Common stock			Accumulated paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Total shareholders’ equity
			Shares (in thousands)	Amount

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	440	148,664	$	—	$	1,754	$	5,811		$	(3,112)	$	4,893
Net income for the period								554					554
Other comprehensive income, net of tax											104		104
Cumulative effect adjustment, due to adoption of ASU 2022-02, net of tax								2					2
Bank common stock repurchased			(953)			(50)							(50)

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits			435			22							22
Dividends on preferred stock								(22)					(22)
Dividends on common stock, $1.23 per share								(184)					(184)
Change in deferred compensation								(4)					(4)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	440	148,146	$	—	$	1,726	$	6,157		$	(3,008)	$	5,315

Balance at December 31, 2021	$	440	151,625	$	—	$	1,928	$	5,175		$	(80)	$	7,463
Net income for the period								623					623
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax											(3,060)		(3,060)

Bank common stock repurchased			(2,602)			(151)							(151)

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits			588			22							22
Dividends on preferred stock								(22)					(22)
Dividends on common stock, $1.17 per share								(178)					(178)
Change in deferred compensation								(1)					(1)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	440	149,611	$	—	$	1,799	$	5,597		$	(3,140)	$	4,696

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


(In millions)	Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2023		2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income for the period		$	554	$	623
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Provision for credit losses		132		79
Depreciation and amortization		108		79
Share-based compensation		28		25
Deferred income tax expense		21		15
Net decrease (increase) in trading securities		434		(154)
Net decrease (increase) in loans held for sale		(10)		51
Change in other liabilities		(260)		745
Change in other assets		74		(467)
Other, net		49		(20)
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,130		976
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net decrease in money market investments		636		8,328
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of investment securities held-to-maturity		811		250
Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity		(40)		(232)
Proceeds from sales, maturities, and paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale		1,846		2,743
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale		(484)		(5,829)
Net change in loans and leases		(1,241)		(3,026)
Purchases and sales of other noninterest-bearing investments		207		(147)
Purchases of premises and equipment		(84)		(154)

Other, net		(19)		21
Net cash provided by investing activities		1,632		1,954
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase (decrease) in deposits		3,747		(6,794)
Net change in short-term borrowed funds		(6,071)		4,461




Redemption of long-term debt		(128)		(290)

Proceeds from the issuance of common stock		2		8
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock		(211)		(200)
Bank common stock repurchased		(50)		(151)
Other, net		(8)		(10)
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,719)		(2,976)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks		43		(46)
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period		657		595
Cash and due from banks at end of period		$	700	$	549
Cash paid for interest		$	913	$	63
Net cash paid for income taxes		233		5
Noncash activities:

Loans held for investment reclassified to loans held for sale, net		67		100

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

September 30, 2023

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Zions Bancorporation, National Association and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively “Zions Bancorporation, N.A.,” “the Bank,” “we,” “our,” “us”) have been prepared in accordance with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. References to GAAP, including standards promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), are made according to sections of the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”).

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying Notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes included in our 2022 Form 10-K.

We evaluated events that occurred between September 30, 2023 and the date the accompanying financial statements were issued, and determined that there were no material events that would require adjustments to our consolidated financial statements or significant disclosure in the accompanying Notes.

Zions Bancorporation, N.A. is a commercial bank headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. We provide a wide range of banking products and related services in 11 Western and Southwestern states through seven separately managed bank divisions, which we refer to as “affiliates,” or “affiliate banks,” each with its own local branding and management team. These include Zions Bank, in Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming; California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”); Amegy Bank (“Amegy”), in Texas; National Bank of Arizona (“NBAZ”); Nevada State Bank (“NSB”); Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”), in Colorado and New Mexico; and The Commerce Bank of Washington (“TCBW”) which operates under that name in Washington and under the name The Commerce Bank of Oregon in Oregon.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Standard

Description

Date of adoption

Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters

Standards not yet adopted by the Bank

ASU 2023-02,

Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force)

This Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) expands the optional use of the proportional amortization method (“PAM”), previously limited to investments in low-income housing tax credit (“LIHTC”) structures, to any eligible equity investments made primarily for the purpose of receiving income tax credit and other tax benefits when certain criteria are met. PAM results in the cost of the investment being amortized in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received, with the amortization of the investment and the income tax credits being presented net in the income statement as a component of income tax expense (benefit).

This ASU allows for an accounting policy election to apply PAM on a tax-credit-program-by-tax-credit-program basis. The ASU also includes additional disclosure requirements about equity investments accounted for using PAM.

The new standard is effective for calendar year-end public companies beginning January 1, 2024, with early adoption permitted.

Periods beginning after December 15, 2023

We do not currently have any additional equity investments that are eligible for PAM under the provisions of this ASU. We will continue to evaluate its use for new investments. The overall effect of the guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

We do not plan to early adopt this new standard.

ASU 2022-03,

Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions

This ASU clarifies that contractual restrictions prohibiting the sale of an equity security are not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security, and therefore, are not considered in measuring fair value. The amendments clarify that an entity cannot recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction as a separate unit of account. The amendments in this ASU also require additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions.

The new standard is effective for calendar year-end public companies beginning January 1, 2024, with early adoption permitted.

Periods beginning after December 15, 2023

The requirements of this ASU are consistent with our current treatment of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions and are not expected to impact the fair value measurements of these securities.

We are evaluating supplementary disclosure requirements and additional data needed to meet these requirements. The overall effect of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

We do not plan to early adopt this new standard.

Standards adopted by the Bank

ASU 2022-02,

Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures

This ASU eliminated the recognition and measurement requirements for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) for creditors that have adopted ASC 326 (“CECL”), eliminated certain TDR disclosures, and required enhanced disclosures about loan modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

The new standard also required public companies to present current period gross charge-offs (on a current year-to-date basis for interim-period disclosures) by year of origination in their vintage disclosures.

Periods beginning after December 15, 2022

We adopted this ASU on a modified retrospective basis on January 1, 2023. It did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

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3. FAIR VALUE

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. For more information about our valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The following schedule presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


(In millions)	September 30, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury, agencies, and corporations	$	460	$	8,367	$	—	$	8,827
Municipal securities			1,297				1,297

Other debt securities			24				24
Total available-for-sale	460		9,688		—		10,148
Trading securities			31				31
Other noninterest-bearing investments:
Bank-owned life insurance			551				551
Private equity investments 1	3				89		92
Other assets:
Agriculture loan servicing					17		17

Deferred compensation plan assets	116						116
Derivatives			628				628
Total assets	$	579	$	10,898	$	106	$	11,583
LIABILITIES
Securities sold, not yet purchased	$	34	$	—	$	—	$	34
Other liabilities:
Derivatives			512				512
Total liabilities	$	34	$	512	$	—	$	546

1 The Level 1 private equity investments (“PEIs”) relate to the portion of our Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) investments that are publicly traded.

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(In millions)	December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury, agencies, and corporations	$	393	$	9,815	$	—	$	10,208
Municipal securities			1,634				1,634

Other debt securities			73				73

Total available-for-sale	393		11,522		—		11,915
Trading securities	395		70				465
Other noninterest-bearing investments:
Bank-owned life insurance			546				546
Private equity investments 1	4				81		85
Other assets:
Agriculture loan servicing					14		14
Deferred compensation plan assets	114						114
Derivatives			386				386
Total assets	$	906	$	12,524	$	95	$	13,525
LIABILITIES
Securities sold, not yet purchased	$	187	$	—	$	—	$	187
Other liabilities:
Derivatives			451				451
Total liabilities	$	187	$	451	$	—	$	638

1 The Level 1 PEIs relate to the portion of our SBIC investments that are publicly traded.

Level 3 Valuations

Our Level 3 financial instruments include PEIs and agriculture loan servicing. For additional information regarding our Level 3 financial instruments, including the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate their fair value, see Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Rollforward of Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following schedule presents a rollforward of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs:


	Level 3 Instruments
	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023				September 30, 2022					September 30, 2023	September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Private equity investments		Ag loan servicing		Private equity investments		Ag loan servicing				Private equity investments		Ag loan servicing		Private equity investments		Ag loan servicing

Balance at beginning of period	$	84	$	17	$	77	$	12			$	81	$	14	$	66	$	12
Unrealized securities gains (losses), net	2		—		2		—				(1)		—		7		—
Other noninterest income (expense)	—		—		—		—				—		4		—		—
Purchases	3		—		2		—				9		(1)		11		—
Cost of investments sold	—		—		—		—				—		—		(3)		—

Transfers out 1	—		—		—		—				—		—		—		—
Balance at end of period	$	89	$	17	$	81	$	12			$	89	$	17	$	81	$	12

1 Represents the transfer of SBIC investments out of Level 3 and into Level 1 because they are publicly traded.

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The rollforward of Level 3 instruments includes the following realized gains and losses recognized in securities gains (losses) on the consolidated statement of income for the periods presented:


(In millions)	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022


Securities gains (losses), net	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(2)

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities may be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including impaired loans that have been measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, other real estate owned (“OREO”), and equity investments without readily determinable fair values. Nonrecurring fair value adjustments generally include changes in value resulting from observable price changes for equity investments without readily determinable fair values, write-downs of individual assets, or the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting. At September 30, 2023, we had $1 million of collateral-dependent loans classified in Level 2, and we recognized $2 million of losses from fair value changes related to these loans. At December 31, 2022, we had an insignificant amount of assets or liabilities that had fair value changes measured on a nonrecurring basis. For additional information regarding the measurement of fair value for impaired loans, collateral-dependent loans, and OREO, see Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Fair Value of Certain Financial Instruments

The following schedule presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments:


	September 30, 2023					December 31, 2022
(In millions)	Carrying value		Fair value		Level	Carrying value		Fair value		Level
Financial assets:
Held-to-maturity investment securities	$	10,559	$	10,049	2	$	11,126	$	11,239	2
Loans and leases (including loans held for sale), net of allowance	56,253		53,372		3	55,086		53,093		3
Financial liabilities:
Time deposits	11,576		11,519		2	2,309		2,269		2


Long-term debt	540		475		2	651		635		2

The previous schedule does not include certain financial instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as certain financial assets and liabilities for which the carrying value approximates fair value. For additional information regarding the financial instruments within the scope of this disclosure, and the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate their fair value, see Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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4. OFFSETTING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

The following schedules present gross and net information for selected financial instruments on the balance sheet.


	September 30, 2023
							Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
(In millions)	Gross amounts recognized		Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet		Net amounts presented in the balance sheet		Financial instruments		Cash collateral received/pledged		Net amount
Assets:
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	$	1,427	$	—	$	1,427	$	—	$	—	$	1,427
Derivatives (included in other assets)	628		—		628		(2)		(621)		5
Total assets	$	2,055	$	—	$	2,055	$	(2)	$	(621)	$	1,432
Liabilities:
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings	$	4,346	$	—	$	4,346	$	—	$	—	$	4,346
Derivatives (included in other liabilities)	512		—		512		(2)		(1)		509
Total liabilities	$	4,858	$	—	$	4,858	$	(2)	$	(1)	$	4,855


	December 31, 2022
							Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
(In millions)	Gross amounts recognized		Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet		Net amounts presented in the balance sheet		Financial instruments		Cash collateral received/pledged		Net amount
Assets:
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	$	2,451	$	(25)	$	2,426	$	—	$	—	$	2,426
Derivatives (included in other assets)	386		—		386		(10)		(367)		9
Total assets	$	2,837	$	(25)	$	2,812	$	(10)	$	(367)	$	2,435
Liabilities:
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings	$	10,442	$	(25)	$	10,417	$	—	$	—	$	10,417
Derivatives (included in other liabilities)	451		—		451		(10)		—		441
Total liabilities	$	10,893	$	(25)	$	10,868	$	(10)	$	—	$	10,858

Security repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements are offset, when applicable, in the balance sheet according to master netting agreements. Security repurchase agreements are included with “Federal funds and other short-term borrowings.” Derivative instruments may be offset under their master netting agreements; however, for accounting purposes, we present these items on a gross basis in our balance sheet. See Note 7 for further information regarding derivative instruments.

5. INVESTMENTS

Investment Securities

Investment securities are classified as held-to-maturity (“HTM”), available-for-sale (“AFS”), or trading. HTM securities, which management has the intent and ability to hold until maturity, are measured at amortized cost. The amortized cost amounts represent the original cost of the investments, adjusted for related amortization or accretion of any purchase premiums or discounts, and for any impairment losses, including credit-related impairment. When a security is transferred from AFS to HTM, the difference between its amortized cost basis and fair value at the date of transfer is amortized as a yield adjustment through interest income, and the fair value at the date of transfer results in either a premium or discount to the amortized cost basis of the HTM securities. The amortization of unrealized losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) will offset the effect of the amortization of the premium or discount in interest income that is created by the transfer.

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AFS securities are measured at fair value, and changes in fair value (unrealized gains and losses) are reported as net increases or decreases to AOCI, net of related taxes. Trading securities are measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized in current period earnings. The carrying values of our securities do not include accrued interest receivables of $60 million and $75 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These receivables are presented on the consolidated balance sheet in “Other assets.” See Notes 3 and 5 of our 2022 Form 10-K for more information regarding our process to estimate the fair value and accounting for our investment securities, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2022, we transferred approximately $10.7 billion fair value ($13.1 billion amortized cost) of mortgage-backed AFS securities to the HTM category. The transfer of these securities from AFS to HTM at fair value resulted in a discount to the amortized cost basis of the HTM securities equivalent to the $2.4 billion ($1.8 billion after tax) of unrealized losses in AOCI attributable to these securities. The amortization of the unrealized losses will offset the effect of the accretion of the discount created by the transfer. At September 30, 2023, the unamortized discount on the HTM securities totaled approximately $2.2 billion ($1.6 billion after tax).

The following schedule presents the amortized cost and estimated fair values of our HTM and AFS securities:


	September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains 1		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Held-to-maturity
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	$	94	$	—	$	8	$	86
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	10,106		—		469		9,637
Municipal securities	359		—		33		326
Total held-to-maturity	10,559		—		510		10,049
Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	585		—		125		460
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	692		—		47		645
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	8,739		—		1,595		7,144
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	606		—		28		578
Municipal securities	1,431		—		134		1,297
Other debt securities	25		—		1		24
Total available-for-sale	12,078		—		1,930		10,148
Total HTM and AFS investment securities	$	22,637	$	—	$	2,440	$	20,197

1 Gross unrealized gains for the respective security categories were individually less than $1 million.


	December 31, 2022
(In millions)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Held-to-maturity
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	$	100	$	—	$	7	$	93
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	10,621		165		14		10,772
Municipal securities	405		—		31		374
Total held-to-maturity	11,126		165		52		11,239
Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	557		—		164		393
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	782		—		46		736
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	9,652		—		1,285		8,367
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	740		1		29		712
Municipal securities	1,732		1		99		1,634
Other debt securities	75		—		2		73
Total available-for-sale	13,538		2		1,625		11,915
Total HTM and AFS investment securities	$	24,664	$	167	$	1,677	$	23,154

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Maturities

The following schedule presents the amortized cost and weighted average yields of debt securities by contractual maturity of principal payments at September 30, 2023. This schedule does not reflect the duration of the portfolio, which would incorporate amortization, expected prepayments, interest rate resets, and fair value hedges; the effects of which result in measured durations shorter than contractual maturities.


	September 30, 2023
	Total debt securities				Due in one year or less				Due after one year through five years				Due after five years through ten years				Due after ten years
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amortized cost		Average yield		Amortized cost		Average yield		Amortized cost		Average yield		Amortized cost		Average yield		Amortized cost		Average yield
Held-to-maturity
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	$	94	3.54	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	94	3.54	%
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	10,106		1.85		—		—		—		—		46		1.95		10,060		1.85
Municipal securities 1	359		3.17		26		2.77		129		2.96		169		3.40		35		3.10
Total held-to-maturity securities	10,559		1.91		26		2.77		129		2.96		215		3.09		10,189		1.87
Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	585		3.28		184		5.31		—		—		—		—		401		2.35
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	692		2.66		111		0.95		184		3.13		210		2.70		187		3.15
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	8,739		2.01		4		3.09		199		1.57		1,459		2.12		7,077		2.00
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	606		5.37		1		3.96		28		6.08		141		4.35		436		5.66
Municipal securities 1	1,431		2.18		125		2.50		469		2.61		698		1.84		139		2.10
Other debt securities	25		8.74		—		—		—		—		10		9.50		15		8.23
Total available-for-sale securities	12,078		2.31		425		3.32		880		2.59		2,518		2.24		8,255		2.25
Total HTM and AFS investment securities	$	22,637	2.12	%	$	451	3.29	%	$	1,009	2.64	%	$	2,733	2.31	%	$	18,444	2.04	%

1 The yields on tax-exempt securities are calculated on a tax-equivalent basis.

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The following schedule presents gross unrealized losses for AFS securities and the estimated fair value by length of time the securities have been in an unrealized loss position.


	September 30, 2023
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
(In millions)	Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value






Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	—	$	—	$	125	$	276	$	125	$	276
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	—		1		47		621		47		622
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	89		305		1,506		6,779		1,595		7,084
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	—		24		28		490		28		514
Municipal securities	6		229		128		1,050		134		1,279
Other	—		—		1		14		1		14








Total available-for-sale investment securities	$	95	$	559	$	1,835	$	9,230	$	1,930	$	9,789


	December 31, 2022
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
(In millions)	Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value






Available-for-sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	94	$	308	$	70	$	85	$	164	$	393
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
Agency securities	39		634		7		102		46		736
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	447		4,322		838		4,042		1,285		8,364
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities	8		101		21		524		29		625
Municipal securities	63		1,295		36		256		99		1,551
Other	2		13		—		—		2		13








Total available-for-sale investment securities	$	653	$	6,673	$	972	$	5,009	$	1,625	$	11,682

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 3,129 and 3,562 AFS investment securities were in an unrealized loss position, respectively.

Impairment

On a quarterly basis, we review our investment securities portfolio for the presence of impairment on an individual security basis. For additional information on our policy and impairment evaluation process for investment securities, see Note 5 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

AFS Impairment

We did not recognize any impairment on our AFS investment securities portfolio during the first nine months of 2023. Unrealized losses primarily relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit; as such, absent any future sales, we would expect to receive the full principal value at maturity. At September 30, 2023, we had not initiated any sales of AFS securities, nor did we have an intent to sell any identified securities with unrealized losses. We do not believe it is more likely than not that we would be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

HTM Impairment

For HTM securities, the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is assessed consistent with the approach described in Note 6 for loans and leases measured at amortized cost. At September 30, 2023, the ACL on HTM securities was less than $1 million, all HTM securities were risk-graded as “Pass” in terms of credit quality, and none were considered past due.

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Securities Gains and Losses Recognized in Income

The following schedule presents securities gains and losses recognized in the consolidated income statement.


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
(In millions)	Gross gains		Gross losses		Gross gains		Gross losses		Gross gains		Gross losses		Gross gains		Gross losses



Available-for-sale	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	72	$	73	$	—	$	—
Trading	1		1		—		—		11		10		—		—
Other noninterest-bearing investments	6		2		6		—		19		14		10		20
Total gains	7		3		6		—		102		97		10		20
Net gains (losses) 1			$	4			$	6			$	5			$	(10)

1 Net gains (losses) were recognized in securities gains (losses) in the income statement.

The following schedule presents interest income by security type.


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
(In millions)	Taxable		Nontaxable		Total		Taxable		Nontaxable		Total
Investment securities:
Held-to-maturity	$	58	$	1	$	59	$	2	$	1	$	3
Available-for-sale	76		9		85		115		11		126
Trading	—		—		—		—		3		3
Total securities	$	134	$	10	$	144	$	117	$	15	$	132


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
(In millions)	Taxable		Nontaxable		Total		Taxable		Nontaxable		Total
Investment securities:
Held-to-maturity	$	178	$	3	$	181	$	7	$	3	$	10
Available-for-sale	214		23		237		320		30		350
Trading	—		1		1		—		12		12
Total securities	$	392	$	27	$	419	$	327	$	45	$	372

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6. LOANS, LEASES, AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

Loans, Leases, and Loans Held for Sale

Loans and leases are summarized as follows according to major portfolio segment and specific loan class:


(In millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Loans held for sale	$	41	$	8
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial 1	$	16,341	$	16,377
Leasing	373		386
Owner-occupied	9,273		9,371
Municipal	4,221		4,361
Total commercial	30,208		30,495
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	2,575		2,513
Term	10,565		10,226
Total commercial real estate	13,140		12,739
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	3,313		3,377
1-4 family residential	8,116		7,286
Construction and other consumer real estate	1,510		1,161
Bankcard and other revolving plans	475		471
Other	131		124
Total consumer	13,545		12,419

Total loans and leases	$	56,893	$	55,653

1 Commercial and industrial loan balances include Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans of $106 million and $197 million for the respective periods presented.

Loans and leases are measured and presented at their amortized cost basis, which includes net unamortized purchase premiums, discounts, and deferred loan fees and costs totaling $34 million and $49 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortized cost basis does not include accrued interest receivables of $290 million and $247 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These receivables are presented in the consolidated balance sheet within the “Other assets” line item.

Municipal loans generally include loans to state and local governments (“municipalities”) with the debt service being repaid from general funds or pledged revenues of the municipal entity, or to private commercial entities or 501(c)(3) not-for-profit entities utilizing a pass-through municipal entity to achieve favorable tax treatment.

Land acquisition and development loans included in the construction and land development loan portfolio were $205 million at September 30, 2023 and $262 million at December 31, 2022.

Loans with a carrying value of $37.2 billion at September 30, 2023 and $27.6 billion at December 31, 2022 have been pledged at the Federal Reserve (“FRB”) and the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Des Moines as collateral for current and potential borrowings.

At the time of origination, we determine the classification of loans as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans held for sale are measured at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value and primarily consist of (1) commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans that are sold into securitization entities, and (2) conforming residential mortgages that are generally sold to U.S. government agencies. The following schedule presents loans added to, or sold from, the held for sale category during the periods presented.

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	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022

Loans added to held for sale	$	183	$	96	$	489	$	583
Loans sold from held for sale	204		112		480		635

Occasionally, we have continuing involvement in the sold loans in the form of servicing rights or guarantees. The principal balance of sold loans for which we retain servicing was $3.4 billion and $3.5 billion at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. During the third quarter of 2023, we sold the servicing rights related to $3.0 billion of mortgage loans, but retained sub-servicing through October 2023.

Income from sold loans, excluding servicing, was $8 million and $15 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and $2 million and $12 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The increase in income from sold loans during the third quarter of 2023 was primarily due to a $4 million gain on the sale of certain mortgage servicing rights.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”), which consists of the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments (“RULC”), represents our estimate of current expected credit losses related to the loan and lease portfolio and unfunded lending commitments as of the balance sheet date. For additional information regarding our policies and methodologies used to estimate the ACL, see Note 6 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

The ACL for AFS and HTM debt securities is estimated separately from loans. For HTM securities, the ACL is estimated consistent with the approach for loans measured at amortized cost. See Note 5 of our 2022 Form 10-K for further discussion of our methodology used to estimate the ACL on AFS and HTM debt securities.

Changes in the ACL are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Commercial		Commercial real estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses


Balance at beginning of period	$	323	$	181	$	147	$	651
Provision for loan losses	3		44		(3)		44
Gross loan and lease charge-offs	12		3		5		20
Recoveries	5		—		1		6
Net loan and lease charge-offs (recoveries)	7		3		4		14
Balance at end of period	$	319	$	222	$	140	$	681
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
Balance at beginning of period	$	20	$	29	$	11	$	60
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	1		(1)		(3)		(3)
Balance at end of period	$	21	$	28	$	8	$	57
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
Allowance for loan losses	$	319	$	222	$	140	$	681
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	21		28		8		57
Total allowance for credit losses	$	340	$	250	$	148	$	738

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Commercial		Commercial real estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	300	$	156	$	119	$	575
Adjustment for change in accounting standard	—		(4)		1		(3)
Balance at beginning of period	$	300	$	152	$	120	$	572
Provision for loan losses	37		73		26		136
Gross loan and lease charge-offs	35		3		11		49
Recoveries	17		—		5		22
Net loan and lease charge-offs (recoveries)	18		3		6		27
Balance at end of period	$	319	$	222	$	140	$	681
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
Balance at beginning of period	$	16	$	33	$	12	$	61
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	5		(5)		(4)		(4)
Balance at end of period	$	21	$	28	$	8	$	57
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
Allowance for loan losses	$	319	$	222	$	140	$	681
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	21		28		8		57
Total allowance for credit losses	$	340	$	250	$	148	$	738


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Commercial		Commercial real estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses
Balance at beginning of period	$	286	$	114	$	108	$	508
Provision for loan losses	41		17		2		60
Gross loan and lease charge-offs	37		—		1		38
Recoveries	6		—		5		11
Net loan and lease charge-offs (recoveries)	31		—		(4)		27
Balance at end of period	$	296	$	131	$	114	$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments


Balance at beginning of period	$	13	$	15	$	10	$	38
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	3		7		1		11
Balance at end of period	$	16	$	22	$	11	$	49
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
Allowance for loan losses	$	296	$	131	$	114	$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	16		22		11		49
Total allowance for credit losses	$	312	$	153	$	125	$	590

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Commercial		Commercial real estate		Consumer		Total
Allowance for loan losses
Balance at beginning of period	$	311	$	107	$	95	$	513
Provision for loan losses	29		24		17		70
Gross loan and lease charge-offs	65		—		8		73
Recoveries	21		—		10		31
Net loan and lease charge-offs (recoveries)	44		—		(2)		42
Balance at end of period	$	296	$	131	$	114	$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
Balance at beginning of period	$	19	$	11	$	10	$	40
Provision for unfunded lending commitments	(3)		11		1		9
Balance at end of period	$	16	$	22	$	11	$	49
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
Allowance for loan losses	$	296	$	131	$	114	$	541
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	16		22		11		49
Total allowance for credit losses	$	312	$	153	$	125	$	590

Nonaccrual Loans

Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when payment in full of principal and interest is not expected, or the loan is 90 days or more past due as to principal or interest, unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection. Factors we consider in determining whether a loan is placed on nonaccrual include delinquency status, collateral value, borrower or guarantor financial statement information, bankruptcy status, and other information which would indicate that the full and timely collection of interest and principal is uncertain.

A nonaccrual loan may be returned to accrual status when (1) all delinquent interest and principal become current in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement, (2) the loan, if secured, is well-secured, (3) the borrower has paid according to the contractual terms for a minimum of six months, and (4) an analysis of the borrower indicates a reasonable assurance of the borrower's ability and willingness to maintain payments.

The amortized cost basis of nonaccrual loans is summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2023
	Amortized cost basis				Total amortized cost basis
(In millions)	with no allowance		with allowance				Related allowance

Loans held for sale	$	17	$	—	$	17	$	—
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	9	$	50	$	59	$	16

Owner-occupied	18		9		27		1

Total commercial	27		59		86		17
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	22		—		22		—
Term	30		10		40		3
Total commercial real estate	52		10		62		3
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	1		15		16		7
1-4 family residential	5		30		35		6



Total consumer loans	6		45		51		13
Total	$	85	$	114	$	199	$	33

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	December 31, 2022
	Amortized cost basis				Total amortized cost basis
(In millions)	with no allowance		with allowance				Related allowance



Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	8	$	55	$	63	$	27

Owner-occupied	13		11		24		1

Total commercial	21		66		87		28
Commercial real estate:

Term	—		14		14		2
Total commercial real estate	—		14		14		2
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	1		10		11		2
1-4 family residential	9		28		37		3



Total consumer loans	10		38		48		5
Total	$	31	$	118	$	149	$	35

For accruing loans, interest is accrued and interest payments are recognized into interest income according to the contractual loan agreement. For nonaccruing loans, the accrual of interest is discontinued, any uncollected or accrued interest is reversed from interest income in a timely manner (generally within one month), and any payments received on these loans are not recognized into interest income, but are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding. When the collectability of the amortized cost basis for a nonaccrual loan is no longer in doubt, then interest payments may be recognized in interest income on a cash basis. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there was no interest income recognized on a cash basis during the period the loans were on nonaccrual.

The amount of accrued interest receivables reversed from interest income during the periods presented is summarized by loan portfolio segment as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial	$	2	$	3	$	7	$	11
Commercial real estate	2		1		2		1
Consumer	—		—		1		—
Total	$	4	$	4	$	10	$	12

Past Due Loans

Closed-end loans with payments scheduled monthly are reported as past due when the borrower is in arrears for two or more monthly payments. Similarly, open-end credits, such as bankcard and other revolving credit plans, are reported as past due when the minimum payment has not been made for two or more billing cycles. Other multi-payment obligations (i.e., quarterly, semi-annual, etc.), single payment, and demand notes, are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more.

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Past due loans (accruing and nonaccruing) are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Current		30-89 days past due		90+ days past due		Total past due		Total loans		Accruing loans 90+ days past due		Nonaccrual loans that are current 1

Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	16,282	$	45	$	14	$	59	$	16,341	$	3	$	40
Leasing	373		—		—		—		373		—		—
Owner-occupied	9,254		6		13		19		9,273		11		24
Municipal	4,214		7		—		7		4,221		—		—
Total commercial	30,123		58		27		85		30,208		14		64
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	2,568		5		2		7		2,575		—		21
Term	10,521		42		2		44		10,565		1		12
Total commercial real estate	13,089		47		4		51		13,140		1		33
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	3,300		7		6		13		3,313		—		8
1-4 family residential	8,085		11		20		31		8,116		—		12
Construction and other consumer real estate	1,510		—		—		—		1,510		—		—
Bankcard and other revolving plans	472		2		1		3		475		1		—
Other	130		1		—		1		131		—		—
Total consumer loans	13,497		21		27		48		13,545		1		20
Total	$	56,709	$	126	$	58	$	184	$	56,893	$	16	$	117


	December 31, 2022
(In millions)	Current		30-89 days past due		90+ days past due		Total past due		Total loans		Accruing loans 90+ days past due		Nonaccrual loans that are current 1

Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	16,331	$	24	$	22	$	46	$	16,377	$	4	$	45
Leasing	386		—		—		—		386		—		—
Owner-occupied	9,344		20		7		27		9,371		1		15
Municipal	4,361		—		—		—		4,361		—		—
Total commercial	30,422		44		29		73		30,495		5		60
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	2,511		2		—		2		2,513		—		—
Term	10,179		37		10		47		10,226		—		4
Total commercial real estate	12,690		39		10		49		12,739		—		4
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	3,369		5		3		8		3,377		—		6
1-4 family residential	7,258		9		19		28		7,286		—		16
Construction and other consumer real estate	1,161		—		—		—		1,161		—		—
Bankcard and other revolving plans	467		3		1		4		471		1		—
Other	124		—		—		—		124		—		—
Total consumer loans	12,379		17		23		40		12,419		1		22
Total	$	55,491	$	100	$	62	$	162	$	55,653	$	6	$	86

1 Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is not expected.

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Credit Quality Indicators

In addition to the nonaccrual and past due criteria, we also analyze loans using loan risk-grading systems, which vary based on the size and type of credit risk exposure. The internal risk grades assigned to loans follow our definition of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful, which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications.

•Pass – A Pass asset is higher-quality and does not fit any of the other categories described below. The likelihood of loss is considered low.

•Special Mention – A Special Mention asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in our credit position at some future date.

•Substandard – A Substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have well-defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that we may sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.

•Doubtful – A Doubtful asset has all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard asset with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.

There were no loans classified as Doubtful at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

For consumer loans and for CRE loans with commitments greater than $1 million, we generally assign internal risk grades similar to those described previously based on automated rules that depend on refreshed credit scores, payment performance, and other risk indicators. These are generally assigned either a Pass, Special Mention, or Substandard grade, and are reviewed as we identify information that might warrant a grade change.

The following schedule presents the amortized cost basis of loans and leases categorized by year of origination and by credit quality classification as monitored by management. The schedule also summarizes the current period gross charge-offs by year of origination.

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	September 30, 2023
	Term loans												Revolving loans amortized cost basis		Revolving loans converted to term loans amortized cost basis
	Amortized cost basis by year of origination
(In millions)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior						Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial
Pass	$	1,955	$	2,775	$	1,402	$	681	$	552	$	639	$	7,727	$	177	$	15,908
Special Mention	4		12		13		6		1		47		90		1		174
Accruing Substandard	2		64		7		2		19		8		96		2		200
Nonaccrual	4		5		2		2		11		2		31		2		59
Total commercial and industrial	1,965		2,856		1,424		691		583		696		7,944		182		16,341
Gross charge-offs	1		4		—		—		—		—		7		—		12
Leasing
Pass	62		140		52		35		50		32		—		—		371
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		2		—		—		—		—		—		—		2
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total leasing	62		142		52		35		50		32		—		—		373
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Owner-occupied
Pass	835		2,006		2,031		1,029		738		2,041		199		53		8,932
Special Mention	3		8		60		4		17		14		2		—		108
Accruing Substandard	4		39		41		18		18		81		5		—		206
Nonaccrual	1		—		1		12		3		10		—		—		27
Total owner-occupied	843		2,053		2,133		1,063		776		2,146		206		53		9,273
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Municipal
Pass	320		1,067		1,174		657		395		548		4		—		4,165
Special Mention	7		31		—		—		—		—		—		—		38
Accruing Substandard	—		7		6		3		1		1		—		—		18
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total municipal	327		1,105		1,180		660		396		549		4		—		4,221
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	3,197		6,156		4,789		2,449		1,805		3,423		8,154		235		30,208
Total commercial gross charge-offs	1		4		—		—		—		—		7		—		12
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development
Pass	431		787		469		171		8		5		465		121		2,457
Special Mention	6		—		52		—		—		—		11		—		69
Accruing Substandard	—		10		—		17		—		—		—		—		27
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		21		—		1		—		22
Total construction and land development	437		797		521		188		29		5		477		121		2,575
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		1		—		—		—		1
Term
Pass	1,303		2,511		1,975		1,569		854		1,569		235		165		10,181
Special Mention	55		56		12		42		46		8		4		—		223
Accruing Substandard	59		18		3		12		5		24		—		—		121
Nonaccrual	—		26		—		—		3		11		—		—		40
Total term	1,417		2,611		1,990		1,623		908		1,612		239		165		10,565
Gross charge-offs	—		2		—		—		—		—		—		—		2
Total commercial real estate	1,854		3,408		2,511		1,811		937		1,617		716		286		13,140
Total commercial real estate gross charge-offs	—		2		—		—		1		—		—		—		3

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	September 30, 2023
	Term loans												Revolving loans amortized cost basis		Revolving loans converted to term loans amortized cost basis
	Amortized cost basis by year of origination
(In millions)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior						Total














Consumer:
Home equity credit line
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,195		97		3,292
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		5		—		5
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		14		2		16
Total home equity credit line	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,214		99		3,313
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		3		—		3
1-4 family residential
Pass	722		2,083		1,719		1,002		605		1,948		—		—		8,079
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		2		—		—		2
Nonaccrual	—		2		2		3		3		25		—		—		35
Total 1-4 family residential	722		2,085		1,721		1,005		608		1,975		—		—		8,116
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction and other consumer real estate
Pass	140		1,016		314		22		10		7		—		—		1,509
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		1		—		—		1
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction and other consumer real estate	140		1,016		314		22		10		8		—		—		1,510
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Bankcard and other revolving plans
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		471		2		473
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		2		—		2
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total bankcard and other revolving plans	—		—		—		—		—		—		473		2		475
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		2		—		2
Other consumer
Pass	54		42		20		7		5		3		—		—		131
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total other consumer	54		42		20		7		5		3		—		—		131
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total consumer	916		3,143		2,055		1,034		623		1,986		3,687		101		13,545
Total consumer gross charge-offs	—		—		—		—		—		—		5		—		5
Total loans	$	5,967	$	12,707	$	9,355	$	5,294	$	3,365	$	7,026	$	12,557	$	622	$	56,893
Total gross charge-offs	$	1	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	12	$	—	$	20

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	December 31, 2022
	Term loans												Revolving loans amortized cost basis		Revolving loans converted to term loans amortized cost basis
	Amortized cost basis by year of origination
(In millions)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior						Total
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial
Pass	$	3,363	$	1,874	$	979	$	876	$	293	$	264	$	8,054	$	182	$	15,885
Special Mention	1		2		10		52		1		2		50		—		118
Accruing Substandard	26		7		17		78		30		67		84		2		311
Nonaccrual	—		8		5		11		1		2		32		4		63
Total commercial and industrial	3,390		1,891		1,011		1,017		325		335		8,220		188		16,377
Leasing
Pass	160		71		47		66		18		19		—		—		381
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		5		—		—		5
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total leasing	160		71		47		66		18		24		—		—		386
Owner-occupied
Pass	2,157		2,285		1,143		874		654		1,679		187		74		9,053
Special Mention	1		15		5		8		3		16		1		—		49
Accruing Substandard	16		33		48		20		55		64		9		—		245
Nonaccrual	1		1		2		4		5		10		1		—		24
Total owner-occupied	2,175		2,334		1,198		906		717		1,769		198		74		9,371
Municipal
Pass	1,230		1,220		816		441		168		437		8		—		4,320
Special Mention	32		6		—		—		—		—		—		—		38
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		3		—		—		3
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total municipal	1,262		1,226		816		441		168		440		8		—		4,361
Total commercial	6,987		5,522		3,072		2,430		1,228		2,568		8,426		262		30,495
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development
Pass	548		671		455		81		2		2		617		96		2,472
Special Mention	1		1		—		—		—		—		—		—		2
Accruing Substandard	17		—		—		22		—		—		—		—		39
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction and land development	566		672		455		103		2		2		617		96		2,513
Term
Pass	2,861		2,107		1,686		1,012		666		1,229		276		112		9,949
Special Mention	39		21		11		—		4		1		—		—		76
Accruing Substandard	42		2		34		21		53		35		—		—		187
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		4		1		9		—		—		14
Total term	2,942		2,130		1,731		1,037		724		1,274		276		112		10,226
Total commercial real estate	3,508		2,802		2,186		1,140		726		1,276		893		208		12,739

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	December 31, 2022
	Term loans												Revolving loans amortized cost basis		Revolving loans converted to term loans amortized cost basis
	Amortized cost basis by year of origination
(In millions)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior						Total














Consumer:
Home equity credit line
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,265		98		3,363
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		3		—		3
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		8		3		11
Total home equity credit line	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,276		101		3,377
1-4 family residential
Pass	1,913		1,503		1,024		638		381		1,788		—		—		7,247
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		2		—		—		2
Nonaccrual	—		2		2		4		3		26		—		—		37
Total 1-4 family residential	1,913		1,505		1,026		642		384		1,816		—		—		7,286
Construction and other consumer real estate
Pass	583		485		64		19		5		5		—		—		1,161
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction and other consumer real estate	583		485		64		19		5		5		—		—		1,161
Bankcard and other revolving plans
Pass	—		—		—		—		—		—		468		2		470
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		1		—		1
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total bankcard and other revolving plans	—		—		—		—		—		—		469		2		471
Other consumer
Pass	68		30		12		8		4		2		—		—		124
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Accruing Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total other consumer	68		30		12		8		4		2		—		—		124
Total consumer	2,564		2,020		1,102		669		393		1,823		3,745		103		12,419
Total loans	$	13,059	$	10,344	$	6,360	$	4,239	$	2,347	$	5,667	$	13,064	$	573	$	55,653

Loan Modifications

On January 1, 2023, we adopted ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which eliminated the recognition and measurement of troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and their related disclosures. As a result, we no longer separately measure an allowance for credit losses for TDRs, relying instead on our credit loss estimation models. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2022-02 requires enhanced disclosures for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Loans may be modified in the normal course of business for competitive reasons or to strengthen our collateral position. Loan modifications may also occur when the borrower experiences financial difficulty and needs temporary or permanent relief from the original contractual terms of the loan. For loans that have been modified with a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, we use the same credit loss estimation methods that we use for the

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rest of the loan portfolio. These methods incorporate the post-modification loan terms, as well as defaults and charge-offs associated with historical modified loans. All nonaccruing loans more than $1 million are evaluated individually, regardless of modification.

We consider many factors in determining whether to agree to a loan modification and we seek a solution that will both minimize potential loss to us and attempt to help the borrower. We evaluate borrowers’ current and forecasted future cash flows, their ability and willingness to make current contractual or proposed modified payments, the value of the underlying collateral (if applicable), the possibility of obtaining additional security or guarantees, and the potential costs related to a repossession or foreclosure and the subsequent sale of the collateral.

A modified loan on nonaccrual will generally remain on nonaccrual until the borrower has proven the ability to perform under the modified structure for a minimum of six months, and there is evidence that such payments can and are likely to continue as agreed. Performance prior to the modification, or significant events that coincide with the modification, are included in assessing whether the borrower can meet the new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual at the time of modification or after a shorter performance period. If the borrower’s ability to meet the revised payment schedule is uncertain, the loan remains on nonaccrual. There were less than $1 million of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, which were still in default at period end, and were within 12 months or less of being modified.

The amortized cost of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the period, by loan class and modification type, is summarized in the following schedule:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Amortized cost associated with the following modification types:
	Interest rate reduction		Maturity or term extension		Principal forgiveness		Payment deferral		Multiple modification types 1		Total 2		Percentage of total loans 3
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	—	$	35	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	36	0.2	%

Owner-occupied	—		3		—		—		—		3		—

Total commercial	—		38		—		1		—		39		0.1
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Term	—		83		—		—		—		83		0.8
Total commercial real estate	—		83		—		—		—		83		0.6
Consumer:

1-4 family residential	—		—		—		—		1		1		—

Bankcard and other revolving plans	—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total consumer loans	—		—		—		—		1		1		—
Total	$	—	$	121	$	—	$	1	$	1	$	123	0.2	%

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Amortized cost associated with the following modification types:
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Interest rate reduction		Maturity or term extension		Principal forgiveness		Payment deferral		Multiple modification types 1		Total 2		Percentage of total loans 3
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	—	$	63	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	64	0.4	%
Owner-occupied	4		8		—		—		—		12		0.1

Total commercial	4		71		—		1		—		76		0.3
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	—		23		—		—		—		23		0.9
Term	—		141		—		—		—		141		1.3
Total commercial real estate	—		164		—		—		—		164		1.2
Consumer:

1-4 family residential	—		—		1		—		1		2		—

Bankcard and other revolving plans	—		1		—		—		—		1		0.2

Total consumer loans	—		1		1		—		1		3		—
Total	$	4	$	236	$	1	$	1	$	1	$	243	0.4	%

1 Includes modifications that resulted from a combination of interest rate reduction, maturity or term extension, principal forgiveness, and payment deferral modifications.

2 Unfunded lending commitments related to loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty totaled $10 million at September 30, 2023.

3 Amounts less than 0.05% are rounded to zero.

The financial impact of loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, is summarized in the following schedule:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Weighted-average term extension (in months)		Weighted-average interest rate reduction (in percentage points)		Weighted-average term extension (in months)
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	16		—	%	12

Owner-occupied	2		4.4		13

Total commercial	14		4.4		12
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	0		—		5
Term	21		—		17
Total commercial real estate	21		—		16
Consumer: 1

1-4 family residential	217		—		153

Bankcard and other revolving plans	0		—		63

Total consumer loans	217		—		117
Total weighted average financial impact	19		4.4	%	16

1 Primarily relates to a small number of loans within each consumer loan class.

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Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, resulted in less than $1 million of principal forgiveness for the total loan portfolio for both periods.

The following schedule presents the aging of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified on or after January 1, 2023 (the date we adopted ASU 2022-02) through September 30, 2023, presented by portfolio segment and loan class.


	September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Current		30-89 days past due		90+ days past due		Total past due		Total amortized cost of loans

Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	64	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	64

Owner-occupied	9		3		—		3		12

Total commercial	73		3		—		3		76
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	23		—		—		—		23
Term	128		13		—		13		141
Total commercial real estate	151		13		—		13		164
Consumer:

1-4 family residential	2		—		—		—		2

Bankcard and other revolving plans	1		—		—		—		1

Total consumer loans	3		—		—		—		3
Total	$	227	$	16	$	—	$	16	$	243

Troubled Debt Restructuring Disclosures Prior to Our Adoption of ASU 2022-02

Loans may be modified in the normal course of business for competitive reasons or to strengthen our collateral position. Loan modifications and restructurings may also occur when the borrower experiences financial difficulty and needs temporary or permanent relief from the original contractual terms of the loan. Loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties, and for which we have granted a concession that we would not otherwise consider, are considered TDRs. For further discussion of our policies and processes regarding TDRs, see Note 6 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Information on TDRs, including the amortized cost on an accruing and nonaccruing basis by loan class and modification type is summarized in the following schedules:


	December 31, 2022
	Amortized cost resulting from the following modification types:
(In millions)	Interest rate below market		Maturity or term extension		Principal forgiveness		Payment deferral		Other 1		Multiple modification types 2		Total
Accruing
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	1	$	12	$	—	$	—	$	9	$	28	$	50
Owner-occupied	—		1		—		2		13		12		28
Municipal	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	1		13		—		2		22		40		78
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	—		—		—		—		—		8		8
Term	1		27		—		27		28		1		84
Total commercial real estate	1		27		—		27		28		9		92
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	—		1		4		—		—		1		6
1-4 family residential	2		1		2		—		1		15		21


Total consumer loans	2		2		6		—		1		16		27
Total accruing	4		42		6		29		51		65		197
Nonaccruing
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	—		—		—		3		9		3		15
Owner-occupied	4		—		—		—		—		4		8

Total commercial	4		—		—		3		9		7		23
Commercial real estate:

Term	—		10		—		—		—		—		10
Total commercial real estate	—		10		—		—		—		—		10
Consumer:
Home equity credit line	—		—		1		—		—		—		1
1-4 family residential	—		1		—		—		1		2		4


Total consumer loans	—		1		1		—		1		2		5
Total nonaccruing	4		11		1		3		10		9		38
Total	$	8	$	53	$	7	$	32	$	61	$	74	$	235

1 Includes TDRs that resulted from other modification types including, but not limited to, a legal judgment awarded on different terms, a bankruptcy plan confirmed on different terms, a settlement that includes the delivery of collateral in exchange for debt reduction, etc.

2 Includes TDRs that resulted from a combination of the previous modification types reflected in the schedule.

Unfunded lending commitments related to TDRs totaled $7 million at December 31, 2022.

The total amortized cost of all TDRs in which interest rates were modified below market was $63 million at December 31, 2022. These loans are included in the previous schedule in the columns for interest rate below market and multiple modification types.

The net financial impact on interest income due to interest rate modifications below market for accruing TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2022 was not significant.

On an ongoing basis, we monitor the performance of all TDRs according to their restructured terms. Subsequent payment default is defined in terms of delinquency, when principal or interest payments are past due 90 days or more for commercial loans, or 60 days or more for consumer loans.

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The amortized cost of TDRs that had a payment default during the year ended December 31, 2022, which were still in default at period end, and were within 12 months or less of being modified as TDRs was approximately $10 million.

Collateral-Dependent Loans

When a loan is individually evaluated for expected credit losses, we estimate a specific reserve for the loan based on (1) the projected present value of the loan’s future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, (2) the observable market price of the loan, or (3) the fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral.

Select information on loans for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the underlying collateral, including the type of collateral and the extent to which the collateral secures the loans, is summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2023
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Amortized cost		Major types of collateral	Weighted average LTV 1
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial	$	3	Accounts receivable, Inventory	25%

Owner-occupied	12		Hospital	29%

Total commercial	15
Commercial real estate:
Construction and land development	1		Land	56%
Term	4		Hotel, Office building	57%
Total commercial real estate	5




Total	$	20

December 31, 2022

(Dollar amounts in millions)

Amortized cost

Major types of collateral

Weighted average LTV 1

Commercial:

Owner-occupied

Land, Warehouse

29%

Commercial real estate:

Term

Multi-family

55%

Consumer:

Home equity credit line

Single family residential

13%

1-4 family residential

Single family residential

41%

Total

1 The fair value is based on the most recent appraisal or other collateral evaluation.

Foreclosed Residential Real Estate

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we did not have any foreclosed residential real estate property. The amortized cost basis of consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure was $11 million and $10 million for the same periods, respectively.

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7. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Objectives and Accounting

Our primary objective for using derivatives is to manage interest rate risk. We use derivatives to stabilize forecasted interest income from variable-rate assets and to modify the coupon or the duration of fixed-rate financial assets or liabilities. We also assist clients with their risk management needs through the use of derivatives. Cash receipts and payments from derivatives designated in qualifying hedging relationships are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the items being hedged in the statement of cash flows, and cash flows from undesignated derivatives are classified as operating activities. For a more detailed discussion of the use of and accounting policies regarding derivative instruments, see Note 7 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Fair Value Hedges of Liabilities – During the second quarter of 2023, we terminated our remaining receive-fixed interest rate swap with a notional amount of $500 million that had been designated in a qualifying fair value hedge relationship of fixed-rate debt. The receive-fixed interest rate swap effectively converted the interest on our fixed-rate debt to floating until it was terminated. Prior to termination, changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges of debt were offset by changes in the fair value of the hedged debt instruments as shown in the schedules on the following pages. The unamortized hedge basis adjustments resulting from the terminated hedging relationship will be amortized over the remaining life of the fixed-rate debt.

Fair Value Hedges of Assets – During the third quarter of 2023, we entered into new hedges of a defined portfolio of fixed-rate commercial loans using pay-fixed, receive-floating swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $1.0 billion that were designated as fair value hedges under the portfolio layer method described in ASU 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging—Portfolio Layer Method.

At September 30, 2023, we also had pay-fixed, receive-floating interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $1.1 billion designated as fair value hedges of specifically identified AFS securities. Fair value hedges of fixed-rate assets effectively convert the fixed interest income to a floating rate on the hedged portion of the assets. Changes in fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges of fixed-rate financial assets were largely offset by changes in the value of the hedged assets, as shown in the schedules on the following pages. We had an additional $2.5 billion in aggregate notional amount of pay-fixed swaps designated under the portfolio layer method as fair value hedges of a defined portfolio of fixed-rate AFS securities.

Cash Flow Hedges – At September 30, 2023, we had receive-fixed interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $2.6 billion designated as cash flow hedges of pools of floating-rate commercial loans. At September 30, 2023, there was $201 million of losses deferred in AOCI related to terminated cash flow hedges that are expected to be fully amortized by October 2027. Additionally, at September 30, 2023, we had one pay-fixed interest rate swap with a notional amount of $500 million designated as a cash flow hedge of the variability in the interest payments on certain FHLB advances. Changes in the fair value of qualifying cash flow hedges during the quarter were recorded in AOCI as shown in the schedule below. The amounts deferred in AOCI are reclassified into earnings in the periods in which the hedged interest receipts or payments occur (i.e., when the hedged forecasted transactions affect earnings).

Collateral and Credit Risk

Exposure to credit risk arises from the possibility of nonperformance by counterparties. No significant losses on derivative instruments have occurred as a result of counterparty nonperformance. For more information on how we incorporate counterparty credit risk in derivative valuations, see Note 3 of our 2022 Form 10-K. For additional discussion of collateral and the associated credit risk related to our derivative contracts, see Note 7 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

Our derivative contracts require us to pledge collateral for derivatives that are in a net liability position at a given balance sheet date. Certain of these derivative contracts contain credit risk-related contingent features that include the requirement to maintain a minimum debt credit rating. We may be required to pledge additional collateral if a credit risk-related feature were triggered, such as a downgrade of our credit rating. In past situations, counterparties

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have not generally demanded that additional collateral be pledged when provided for by the contractual terms. At September 30, 2023, the fair value of our derivative liabilities was $512 million, for which we were required to pledge cash collateral of $1 million in the normal course of business. If our credit rating were downgraded one notch by either Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) or Moody’s at September 30, 2023, there would likely be no additional collateral required to be pledged.

Derivative Amounts

The following schedule presents information regarding notional amounts and recorded gross fair values at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the related gain (loss) of derivative instruments.


	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Notional amount 1		Fair value				Notional amount		Fair value
(In millions)			Other assets		Other liabilities				Other assets		Other liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate assets:


Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	$	2,550	$	—	$	—	$	7,633	$	—	$	1
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate liabilities:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	500		—		—		—		—		—
Fair value hedges:
Debt hedges: Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		—		500		—		—
Asset hedges: Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	4,571		108		—		1,228		84		—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	7,621		108		—		9,361		84		1
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Customer interest rate derivatives 1	13,835		515		510		13,670		296		443
Other interest rate derivatives	985		2		—		862		—		—
Foreign exchange derivatives	234		3		2		605		6		7
Purchased credit derivatives	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	15,054		520		512		15,137		302		450
Total derivatives	$	22,675	$	628	$	512	$	24,498	$	386	$	451

1 Customer interest rate derivatives include both customer-facing derivative as well as offsetting derivatives facing other dealer banks. The fair value of these derivatives include a net credit valuation adjustment (“CVA”) of $17 million, reducing the fair value of the liability at September 30, 2023, and $13 million, reducing the fair value of the liability at December 31, 2022.

The amount of derivative gains (losses) from cash flow and fair value hedges that were deferred in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) or recognized in earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is presented in the schedules below.


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Effective portion of derivative gain/(loss) deferred in AOCI		Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Interest on fair value hedges		Hedge ineffectiveness/AOCI reclass due to missed forecast
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate assets:1
Purchased interest rate floors	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Received-fixed interest rate swaps	7		(41)		—		—
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate liabilities:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	(3)		2		—		—
Fair value hedges:							—
Debt hedges: Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		—		—
Basis amortization on terminated hedges2	—		—		(2)		—
Asset hedges: Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		20		(1)
Basis amortization on terminated asset hedges3	—		—		—		—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$	4	$	(39)	$	18	$	(1)

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(In millions)	Effective portion of derivative gain/(loss) deferred in AOCI		Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Interest on fair value hedges		Hedge ineffectiveness/AOCI reclass due to missed forecast
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate assets: 1
Purchased interest rate floors	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Received-fixed interest rate swaps	24		(131)		—		—
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate liabilities:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	8		3		—		—
Fair value hedges:
Debt hedges: Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		(5)		—
Basis amortization on terminated debt hedges 2	—		—		(3)		—
Asset hedges: Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		36		(1)
Basis amortization on terminated asset hedges 3	—		—		—		—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$	32	$	(128)	$	28	$	(1)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Effective portion of derivative gain/(loss) deferred in AOCI		Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Interest on fair value hedges		Hedge ineffectiveness/AOCI reclass due to missed forecast
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate assets: 1
Purchased interest rate floors	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps	(183)		(11)		—		—
Fair value hedges of liabilities:
Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		(1)		—
Basis amortization on terminated hedges2	—		—		—		—
Fair value hedges of assets:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		1		—
Basis amortization on terminated hedges 2	—		—		—		—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$	(183)	$	(11)	$	—	$	—


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Effective portion of derivative gain/(loss) deferred in AOCI		Amount of gain/(loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Interest on fair value hedges		Hedge ineffectiveness/AOCI reclass due to missed forecast
Cash flow hedges of floating-rate assets: 1
Purchased interest rate floors	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps	(427)		7		—		$	—
Fair value hedges of liabilities:
Receive-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		2		—
Basis amortization on terminated hedges 2, 3	—		—		1		—
Fair value hedges of assets:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	—		—		(1)		$	—
Basis amortization on terminated hedges 2, 3	—		—		—		$	—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$	(427)	$	9	$	2	$	—

1 For the 12 months following September 30, 2023, we estimate that $133 million of losses will be reclassified from AOCI into interest income, compared with an estimate of $173 million of losses at September 30, 2022.

2 At September 30, 2023, the total cumulative unamortized basis adjustment for terminated fair value hedges of debt was $48 million. We did not have any cumulative unamortized basis adjustment for terminated hedges of debt at September 30, 2022. We had $3 million and $10 million of cumulative unamortized basis adjustments from terminated fair value hedges of assets at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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The amount of gains (losses) recognized from derivatives not designated as accounting hedges is summarized as follows:


	Other Noninterest Income/(Expense)
(In millions)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023		Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Customer-facing interest rate derivatives	$	11	$	22	$	11	$	42
Other interest rate derivatives	1		4		—		—
Foreign exchange derivatives	8		22		8		21
Purchased credit derivatives	—		(1)		—		—
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	$	20	$	47	$	19	$	63

The following schedule presents derivatives used in fair value hedge accounting relationships, as well as pre-tax gains/(losses) recorded on such derivatives and the related hedged items for the periods presented.


	Gain/(loss) recorded in income
	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Derivatives 2		Hedged items		Total income statement impact		Derivatives 2		Hedged items		Total income statement impact

Debt: Receive-fixed interest rate swaps 1, 2	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(25)	$	25	$	—
Assets: Pay-fixed interest rate swaps 1, 2	144		(145)		(1)		67		(67)		—


	Gain/(loss) recorded in income
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(In millions)	Derivatives 2		Hedged items		Total income statement impact		Derivatives 2		Hedged items		Total income statement impact

Debt: Receive-fixed interest rate swaps 1, 2	$	14	$	(14)	$	—	$	(75)	$	75	$	—
Assets: Pay-fixed interest rate swaps 1, 2	171		(172)		(1)		217		(217)		—

1 Consists of hedges of benchmark interest rate risk of fixed-rate long-term debt, fixed-rate AFS securities, and fixed-rate commercial loans. Gains and losses were recorded in net interest expense or income consistent with the hedged items.

2 The income/expense for derivatives does not reflect interest income/expense from periodic accruals and payments to be consistent with the presentation of the gains/(losses) on the hedged items.

The following schedule provides information regarding basis adjustments for hedged items.


	Par value of hedged assets/(liabilities)				Carrying amount of the hedged assets/(liabilities) 1				Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the carrying amount of the hedged item
(In millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Long-term fixed-rate debt 2	$	—	$	(500)	$	—	$	(435)	$	—	$	65
Fixed-rate assets 3	12,550		1,228		12,176		962		(374)		(266)

1 Carrying amounts exclude (1) issuance and purchase discounts or premiums, (2) unamortized issuance and acquisition costs, and (3) amounts related to terminated fair value hedges.

2 We terminated the remaining fair value hedge of debt during the second quarter of 2023. The remaining hedge basis adjustments will be amortized over the life of the associated debt.

3 These amounts include the amortized cost basis of defined portfolios of AFS securities and commercial loans used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the defined portfolio anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedged period. At September 30, 2023, the amortized cost basis of the defined portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $11.5 billion; the cumulative basis adjustment associated with these hedging relationships was $103.9 million; and the notional amounts of the designated hedging instruments were $3.5 billion.

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8. LEASES

We have operating and finance leases for branches, corporate offices, and data centers. At September 30, 2023, we had 409 branches, of which 277 are owned and 132 are leased. We lease our headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah. The remaining maturities of our lease commitments range from the year 2023 to 2062, and some lease arrangements include options to extend or terminate the leases.

All leases with lease terms greater than twelve months are reported as a lease liability with a corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) asset. We present ROU assets for operating leases and finance leases on the consolidated balance sheet in “Other assets,” and “Premises, equipment and software, net,” respectively. The corresponding liabilities for those leases are presented in “Other liabilities,” and “Long-term debt.” For more information about our lease policies, see Note 8 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

The following schedule presents ROU assets and lease liabilities with associated weighted average remaining life and discount rate.


(Dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Operating leases
ROU assets, net of amortization	$	170		$	173
Lease liabilities	197			198
Finance leases
ROU assets, net of amortization	3			4
Lease liabilities	4			4
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases	8.4			8.4
Finance leases	16.7			17.4
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.2		%	2.9		%
Finance leases	3.1		%	3.1		%

Additional information related to lease expense is presented in the following schedule.


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Lease expense:
Operating lease expense	$	11	$	11	$	32	$	35





Other expenses associated with operating leases 1	16		13		46		38

Total lease expense	$	27	$	24	$	78	$	73

Related cash disbursements from operating leases	$	11	$	12	$	36	$	37

1 Other expenses primarily include property taxes and building and property maintenance.

The following schedule presents the total contractual undiscounted lease payments for operating lease liabilities by expected due date for each of the next five years.


(In millions)	Total undiscounted lease payments

2023 1	$	12
2024	43
2025	34
2026	29
2027	21
Thereafter	91
Total	$	230

1 Contractual maturities for the three months remaining in 2023.

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We enter into certain lease agreements where we are the lessor of real estate. Real estate leases are made from bank-owned and subleased property to generate cash flow from the property, including from leasing vacant suites in which we occupy portions of the building. Operating lease income was $3 million for both the third quarter of 2023 and 2022, and $11 million and $10 million for the first nine months of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

We originated equipment leases, considered to be sales-type leases or direct financing leases, totaling $374 million and $386 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. We recorded income of $4 million and $3 million on these leases for the third quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $12 million and $9 million for the first nine months of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

9. LONG-TERM DEBT AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Long-Term Debt

The long-term debt carrying values presented in the consolidated balance sheet represent the par value of the debt, adjusted for any unamortized premium or discount, unamortized debt issuance costs, and basis adjustments for interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges. The following schedule presents the components of our long-term debt.

LONG-TERM DEBT


(In millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022



Subordinated notes 1	$	536	$	519
Senior notes	—		128
Finance lease obligations	4		4
Total	$	540	$	651

1 The change in the subordinated notes balance is primarily due to a fair value hedge accounting adjustment. See also Note 7.

The decrease in long-term debt was primarily due to the redemption of $128 million, 4.50% matured senior notes during the second quarter of 2023.

Shareholders' Equity

Our common stock is traded on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (“NASDAQ”) Global Select Market. At September 30, 2023, there were 148.1 million shares of $0.001 par value common stock outstanding. Common stock and additional paid-in capital decreased $28 million, or 2%, to $1.7 billion at September 30, 2023, from December 31, 2022, primarily due to common stock repurchases during the first quarter of 2023. As the macroeconomic environment remained uncertain, we did not repurchase common shares during the second or third quarters of 2023, nor do we expect to repurchase common shares during the fourth quarter of 2023.

AOCI was a $3.0 billion loss at September 30, 2023. The following schedule presents the changes in AOCI by major component.

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(In millions)	Net unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities		Net unrealized gains/(losses) on derivatives and other		Pension and post-retirement		Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(2,800)	$	(311)	$	(1)	$	(3,112)
OCI (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax 1	(11)		16		—		5
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax	—		99		—		99
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(11)		115		—		104
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	(2,811)	$	(196)	$	(1)	$	(3,008)
Income tax expense (benefit) included in OCI (loss)	$	(4)	$	38	$	—	$	34
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	(78)	$	—	$	(2)	$	(80)
OCI (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	(2,729)		(324)		—		(3,053)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax	—		(7)		—		(7)
Other comprehensive loss	(2,729)		(331)		—		(3,060)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	(2,807)	$	(331)	$	(2)	$	(3,140)
Income tax benefit included in OCI (loss)	$	(884)	$	(107)	$	—	$	(991)

1 For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the amounts include $169 million related to the decline in the fair value of fixed-rate AFS securities as a result of higher interest rates, offset by $158 million in unrealized loss amortization associated with the securities transferred from AFS to HTM during the fourth quarter of 2022, respectively.


	Amounts reclassified from AOCI 1								Statement of income (SI)
(In millions)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Details about AOCI components	2023		2022		2023		2022			Affected line item











Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	$	(42)	$	(11)	$	(131)	$	9	SI	Interest and fees on loans
Less: Income tax expense (benefit)	(10)		(3)		(32)		2
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	$	(32)	$	(8)	$	(99)	$	7

1 Positive reclassification amounts indicate increases to earnings in the income statement.

10. COMMITMENTS, GUARANTEES, AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Commitments and Guarantees

The following schedule presents the contractual amounts related to off-balance sheet financial instruments used to meet the financing needs of our customers.


(In millions)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Unfunded lending commitments 1	$	29,693	$	29,628
Standby letters of credit:
Financial	549		667
Performance	180		184
Commercial letters of credit	20		11
Mortgage-backed security purchase agreements 2	59		23
Total unfunded commitments	$	30,501	$	30,513

1 Net of participations.

2 Represents agreements with Farmer Mac to purchase securities backed by certain agricultural mortgage loans.

For more information about these commitments and guarantees including their terms and collateral requirements, see Note 16 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Legal Matters

We are involved in various legal proceedings or governmental inquiries, which may include litigation in court and arbitral proceedings, as well as investigations, examinations, and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies. Litigation may relate to lending, deposit and other customer relationships, vendor and contractual issues, employee matters, intellectual property matters, personal injuries and torts, regulatory and legal compliance, and other matters. While most matters relate to individual claims, we are also subject to putative class action claims and similar broader claims. Proceedings, investigations, examinations, and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies may relate to our banking, investment advisory, trust, securities, and other products and services; our customers’ involvement in money laundering, fraud, securities violations and other illicit activities or our policies and practices relating to such customer activities; and our compliance with the broad range of banking, securities and other laws and regulations applicable to us. At any given time, we may be in the process of responding to subpoenas, requests for documents, data and testimony relating to such matters and engaging in discussions to resolve the matters.

At September 30, 2023, we were subject to the following material litigation:

•Two civil cases, Lifescan Inc. and Johnson & Johnson Health Care Services v. Jeffrey Smith, et. al., brought against us in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey in December 2017, and Roche Diagnostics and Roche Diabetes Care Inc. v. Jeffrey C. Smith, et. al., brought against us in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey in March 2019. In these cases, certain manufacturers and distributors of medical products seek to hold us liable for allegedly fraudulent practices of a borrower of the Bank who filed for bankruptcy protection in 2017. The cases are in discovery phases. Trial has not been scheduled in either case.

•Sipple v. Zions Bancorporation, N.A., brought against us in the District Court of Clark County, Nevada in February 2021 with respect to foreign transaction fees. This case is in the discovery phase and trial has been scheduled for late spring 2024.

At least quarterly, we review outstanding and new legal matters, utilizing then available information. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, if we determine that a loss from a matter is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we establish an accrual for the loss. In the absence of such a determination, no accrual is made. Once established, accruals are adjusted to reflect developments relating to the matters.

In our review, we also assess whether we can determine the range of reasonably possible losses for significant matters in which we are unable to determine that the likelihood of a loss is remote. Because of the difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal matters, discussed subsequently, we are able to meaningfully estimate such a range only for a limited number of matters. Based on information available at September 30, 2023, we estimated that the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses for those matters to be from zero to approximately $5 million in excess of amounts accrued. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. Those matters for which a meaningful estimate is not possible are not included within this estimated range and, therefore, this estimated range does not represent our maximum loss exposure.

Based on our current knowledge, we believe that our current estimated liability for litigation and other legal actions and claims, reflected in our accruals and determined in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, is adequate and that liabilities in excess of the amounts currently accrued, if any, arising from litigation and other legal actions and claims for which an estimate as previously described is possible, will not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, in light of the significant uncertainties involved in these matters, and the very large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows for any given reporting period.

Any estimate or determination relating to the future resolution of litigation, arbitration, governmental or self-regulatory examinations, investigations or actions or similar matters is inherently uncertain and involves significant

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judgment. This is particularly true in the early stages of a legal matter, when legal issues and facts have not been well articulated, reviewed, analyzed, and vetted through discovery, preparation for trial or hearings, substantive and productive mediation or settlement discussions, or other actions. It is also particularly true with respect to class action and similar claims involving multiple defendants, matters with complex procedural requirements or substantive issues or novel legal theories, and examinations, investigations and other actions conducted or brought by governmental and self-regulatory agencies, in which the normal adjudicative process is not applicable. Accordingly, we usually are unable to determine whether a favorable or unfavorable outcome is remote, reasonably likely, or probable, or to estimate the amount or range of a probable or reasonably likely loss, until relatively late in the course of a legal matter, sometimes not until a number of years have elapsed. Accordingly, our judgments and estimates relating to claims will change from time to time in light of developments and actual outcomes will differ from our estimates. These differences may be material.

11. REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue primarily from interest income on loans and securities, which represented approximately 82% of our total revenue in the third quarter of 2023. Only noninterest income is considered to be revenue from contracts with customers in scope of ASC 606. For more information about our revenue recognition from contracts, see Note 17 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

The schedule below presents net revenue by our operating business segments for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.


	Zions Bank				CB&T				Amegy
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	14	$	13	$	8	$	7	$	14	$	12
Card fees	13		14		5		5		8		8
Retail and business banking fees	5		5		3		3		3		4

Capital markets fees	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wealth management fees	7		5		1		1		4		4
Other customer-related fees	2		2		2		2		2		2
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	41		39		19		18		31		30
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	6		4		7		9		12		11
Total customer-related noninterest income	47		43		26		27		43		41
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	2		1		2		1		3		—
Total noninterest income	49		44		28		28		46		41

Net interest income	167		197		143		154		107		137
Total net revenue	$	216	$	241	$	171	$	182	$	153	$	178

	NBAZ				NSB				Vectra
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	2	$	2	$	3	$	3	$	2	$	2
Card fees	4		4		4		4		3		2
Retail and business banking fees	2		2		3		3		1		1

Capital markets fees	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wealth management fees	1		1		1		1		—		—
Other customer-related fees	—		—		—		—		1		1
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	9		9		11		11		7		6
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	1		2		1		1		1		2
Total customer-related noninterest income	10		11		12		12		8		8
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	—		1		—		—		—		—
Total noninterest income	10		12		12		12		8		8

Net interest income	66		64		46		50		36		41
Total net revenue	$	76	$	76	$	58	$	62	$	44	$	49

	TCBW				Other				Consolidated Bank
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	1	$	1	$	(1)	$	—	$	43	$	40
Card fees	1		—		(1)		1		37		38
Retail and business banking fees	—		—		—		(1)		17		17

Capital markets fees	—		—		1		1		1		1
Wealth management fees	—		—		—		—		14		12
Other customer-related fees	—		—		7		8		14		15
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	2		1		6		9		126		123
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	—		1		3		3		31		33
Total customer-related noninterest income	2		2		9		12		157		156
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	—		—		16		6		23		9
Total noninterest income	2		2		25		18		180		165

Net interest income	15		17		5		3		585		663
Total net revenue	$	17	$	19	$	30	$	21	$	765	$	828

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The schedule below presents net revenue by our operating business segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.


	Zions Bank				CB&T				Amegy
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	42	$	40	$	24	$	21	$	42	$	33
Card fees	39		41		15		15		24		24
Retail and business banking fees	14		17		8		10		10		12

Capital markets fees	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wealth management fees	19		17		3		3		13		12
Other customer-related fees	6		6		6		4		5		5
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	120		121		56		53		94		86
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	19		15		26		23		29		33
Total customer-related noninterest income	139		136		82		76		123		119
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	9		3		5		3		20		—
Total noninterest income	148		139		87		79		143		119

Net interest income	530		523		454		425		346		369
Total net revenue	$	678	$	662	$	541	$	504	$	489	$	488

	NBAZ				NSB				Vectra
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	7	$	7	$	9	$	8	$	5	$	6
Card fees	11		11		12		11		7		7
Retail and business banking fees	6		7		7		8		3		3

Capital markets fees	—		—		—		—		—		—
Wealth management fees	3		2		4		4		1		1
Other customer-related fees	1		1		1		1		3		2
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	28		28		33		32		19		19
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	2		4		1		5		2		5
Total customer-related noninterest income	30		32		34		37		21		24
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	1		2		—		—		—		—
Total noninterest income	31		34		34		37		21		24

Net interest income	194		170		145		126		115		109
Total net revenue	$	225	$	204	$	179	$	163	$	136	$	133

	TCBW				Other				Consolidated Bank
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Commercial account fees	$	2	$	1	$	—	$	2	$	131	$	118
Card fees	1		1		1		—		110		110
Retail and business banking fees	—		—		1		(1)		49		56

Capital markets fees	—		—		2		3		2		3
Wealth management fees	—		—		(2)		—		41		39
Other customer-related fees	1		1		22		25		45		45
Total noninterest income from contracts with customers (ASC 606)	4		3		24		29		378		371
Other noninterest income (non-ASC 606 customer-related)	1		2		12		3		92		90
Total customer-related noninterest income	5		5		36		32		470		461
Other noncustomer-related noninterest income	—		—		24		10		59		18
Total noninterest income	5		5		60		42		529		479

Net interest income	46		46		25		32		1,855		1,800
Total net revenue	$	51	$	51	$	85	$	74	$	2,384	$	2,279

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Revenue from contracts with customers did not generate significant contract assets and liabilities. Contract receivables are included in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet. Payment terms vary by services offered, and the timing between completion of performance obligations and payment is generally not significant.

12. INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rate was 23.2% for the third quarter of 2023, compared with 21.9% for the third quarter of 2022. The effective tax rates for the first nine months of 2023 and 2022 were 24.7% and 21.4%, respectively. The tax rates during both periods were reduced by nontaxable municipal interest income and nontaxable income from certain bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”), and were increased by the non-deductibility of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) premiums, certain executive compensation plans, and other fringe benefits. The tax rate for the first nine months of 2023 was higher relative to the same prior year period, primarily as a result of a discrete item that affected the reserve for uncertain tax positions during the first quarter of 2023.

At both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had a net deferred tax asset (“DTA”) totaling $1.1 billion. On the consolidated balance sheet, the net DTA is included in “Other assets.”

We evaluate DTAs on a regular basis to determine whether a valuation allowance is required. In conducting this evaluation, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, based on the more-likely-than-not criteria that such assets will be realized. This evaluation includes, but is not limited to, the following:

•Future reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities (“DTLs”) — These DTLs have a reversal pattern generally consistent with DTAs and are used to realize the DTAs.

•Tax planning strategies — We have considered prudent and feasible tax planning strategies that we would implement to preserve the value of the DTAs, if necessary.

•Future projected taxable income — We expect future taxable income will offset the reversal of remaining net DTAs.

Based on this evaluation, we concluded that a valuation allowance was not required at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

13. NET EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

Basic and diluted net earnings per common share based on the weighted average outstanding shares are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Basic:
Net income	$	175	$	217	$	554	$	623
Less common and preferred dividends	68		68		206		199

Undistributed earnings	107		149		348		424
Less undistributed earnings applicable to nonvested shares	1		1		3		4
Undistributed earnings applicable to common shares	106		148		345		420
Distributed earnings applicable to common shares	61		61		182		176
Total earnings applicable to common shares	$	167	$	209	$	527	$	596
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands)	147,648		149,628		147,784		150,510
Net earnings per common share	$	1.13	$	1.40	$	3.57	$	3.96
Diluted:
Total earnings applicable to common shares	$	167	$	209	$	527	$	596
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands)	147,648		149,628		147,784		150,510


Dilutive effect of stock options (in thousands)	5		164		10		256
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (in thousands)	147,653		149,792		147,794		150,766
Net earnings per common share	$	1.13	$	1.40	$	3.57	$	3.96

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The following schedule presents the weighted average stock awards that were anti-dilutive and not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share:


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2023	2022	2023	2022

Restricted stock and restricted stock units	1,398	1,245	1,385	1,274
Stock options	1,441	305	1,401	170

14. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION

We manage our operations with a primary focus on geographic area. We conduct our operations primarily through seven separately managed affiliate banks, each with its own local branding and management team, including Zions Bank, California Bank & Trust, Amegy Bank, National Bank of Arizona, Nevada State Bank, Vectra Bank Colorado, and The Commerce Bank of Washington. These affiliate banks comprise our primary business segments. Performance assessment and resource allocation are based upon this geographic structure. Our affiliate banks are supported by an enterprise operating segment (referred to as the “Other” segment) that provides governance and risk management, allocates capital, establishes strategic objectives, and includes centralized technology, back-office functions, and certain lines of business not operated through our affiliate banks.

We allocate the cost of centrally provided services to the business segments based upon estimated or actual usage of those services. We also allocate capital based on the risk-weighted assets held at each business segment. We use an internal funds transfer pricing (“FTP”) allocation process to report results of operations for business segments. This process is subject to change and refinement over time. Total average loans and deposits presented for the business segments include insignificant intercompany amounts between business segments and may also include deposits with the “Other” segment.

At September 30, 2023, Zions Bank operated 95 branches in Utah, 25 branches in Idaho, and one branch in Wyoming. CB&T operated 75 branches in California. Amegy operated 75 branches in Texas. NBAZ operated 56 branches in Arizona. NSB operated 45 branches in Nevada. Vectra operated 33 branches in Colorado and one branch in New Mexico. TCBW operated two branches in Washington and one branch in Oregon.

Transactions between business segments are primarily conducted at fair value, resulting in profits that are eliminated for reporting consolidated results of operations. The following schedule presents average loans, average deposits, and income before income taxes because we use these metrics when evaluating performance and making decisions pertaining to the business segments. The condensed statement of income identifies the components of income and expense which affect the operating amounts presented in the “Other” segment.

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Zions Bank				CB&T				Amegy
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	167	$	197	$	143	$	154	$	107	$	137
Provision for credit losses	1		35		24		19		7		15
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	166		162		119		135		100		122
Noninterest income	49		44		28		28		46		41
Noninterest expense	130		125		91		86		93		90
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	85	$	81	$	56	$	77	$	53	$	73
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	14,382	$	13,448	$	14,195	$	13,100	$	12,892	$	12,176
Total average deposits	20,041		23,634		14,335		16,096		13,997		15,531

	NBAZ				NSB				Vectra
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	66	$	64	$	46	$	50	$	36	$	41
Provision for credit losses	3		—		7		1		(1)		2
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	63		64		39		49		37		39
Noninterest income	10		12		12		12		8		8
Noninterest expense	44		44		40		39		32		31
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	29	$	32	$	11	$	22	$	13	$	16
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	5,364	$	4,913	$	3,420	$	3,052	$	4,011	$	3,722
Total average deposits	7,002		8,090		7,059		7,479		3,463		4,100

	TCBW				Other				Consolidated Bank
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	15	$	17	$	5	$	3	$	585	$	663
Provision for credit losses	2		—		(2)		(1)		41		71
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	13		17		7		4		544		592
Noninterest income	2		2		25		18		180		165
Noninterest expense	6		6		60		58		496		479
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	9	$	13	$	(28)	$	(36)	$	228	$	278
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	1,697	$	1,633	$	1,007	$	909	$	56,968	$	52,953
Total average deposits	1,138		1,585		8,608		948		75,643		77,463

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Zions Bank				CB&T				Amegy
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	530	$	523	$	454	$	425	$	346	$	369
Provision for credit losses	32		35		39		40		30		(7)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	498		488		415		385		316		376
Noninterest income	148		139		87		79		143		119
Noninterest expense	403		373		277		254		291		264
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	243	$	254	$	225	$	210	$	168	$	231
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	14,205	$	13,130	$	14,122	$	12,948	$	12,872	$	11,970
Total average deposits	20,058		24,920		14,103		16,407		13,055		16,062

	NBAZ				NSB				Vectra
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	194	$	170	$	145	$	126	$	115	$	109
Provision for credit losses	7		2		18		1		5		8
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	187		168		127		125		110		101
Noninterest income	31		34		34		37		21		24
Noninterest expense	136		125		123		113		99		90
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	82	$	77	$	38	$	49	$	32	$	35
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	5,253	$	4,859	$	3,392	$	2,929	$	3,997	$	3,550
Total average deposits	7,018		8,164		6,887		7,487		3,479		4,195

	TCBW				Other				Consolidated Bank
(In millions)	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA
Net interest income	$	46	$	46	$	25	$	32	$	1,855	$	1,800
Provision for credit losses	4		—		(3)		—		132		79
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	42		46		28		32		1,723		1,721
Noninterest income	5		5		60		42		529		479
Noninterest expense	18		18		169		170		1,516		1,407
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	29	$	33	$	(81)	$	(96)	$	736	$	793
SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total average loans	$	1,699	$	1,601	$	1,063	$	910	$	56,603	$	51,897
Total average deposits	1,206		1,571		6,030		1,164		71,836		79,970

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our most significant risks include interest rate and market risk, which are closely monitored by management as previously discussed. For more information regarding interest rate and market risk, see the “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” section in this Form 10-Q.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures at September 30, 2023. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at September 30, 2023. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the third quarter of 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information contained in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We amend the following risk factors as discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our 2022 Form 10-K and as previously amended and supplemented in Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our 2023 Form 10-Qs:

Changes in levels and sources of liquidity and capital, including the resulting effects of recent events in the banking industry, may limit our operations and potential growth.

Our primary source of liquidity is deposits from our customers, which may be impacted by market-related forces such as increased competition for these deposits and a variety of other factors. Deposits across the banking industry have been fluctuating in recent quarters in large part due to the increased interest rate environment and prominent bank failures. We, like many other banks, experienced deposit outflows as customers spread deposits among several different banks to maximize their amount of FDIC insurance, moved deposits to institutions offering higher rates or banks deemed “too big to fail,” or removed deposits from the U.S. financial system entirely. Although our deposit levels have stabilized during recent quarters, our cost of funds has increased, and the potential for greater volatility remains, particularly if there is more negative news surrounding the banking industry or perceived risks regarding bank safety and soundness. Our costs will also increase as a result of the FDIC’s special assessment to recover the costs associated with protecting uninsured depositors following the bank closures that occurred earlier in 2023. If we are unable to continue to fund assets through customer bank deposits or access other funding sources on favorable terms, or if we suffer continued increases in borrowing costs or FDIC insurance assessments, or otherwise fail to manage liquidity effectively, our liquidity, operating margins, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The Federal Reserve's tightened monetary policy may contribute to a decline in the value of our fixed-rate loans and investment securities that are pledged as collateral to support short-term borrowings, and other economic conditions may also affect our liquidity and efforts to manage associated risks. The FHLB system and Federal Reserve have been, and continue to be, a significant source of additional liquidity and funding. Changes in FHLB funding programs could adversely affect our liquidity and management of associated risks.

Problems encountered by other financial institutions could adversely affect financial markets generally and have indirect adverse effects on us.

The soundness and stability of many financial institutions may be closely interrelated as a result of credit, trading, clearing, or other relationships between the institutions. As a result, concerns about, or a default or threatened default by, one institution could lead to significant market-wide liquidity and credit problems, losses, or defaults by other institutions. This is sometimes referred to as “systemic risk” and may adversely affect financial intermediaries, such as clearing agencies, clearing houses, banks, securities firms, and exchanges, with which we interact on a daily basis, and therefore, could adversely affect us. This phenomenon has been evident in the recent events affecting the banking industry, as financial institutions, like us, have been impacted by concerns regarding the soundness or creditworthiness of other financial institutions or reports of the risk of systemic deterioration in asset classes, such

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as commercial real estate. This has caused substantial and cascading disruption within the financial markets, increased expenses, and adversely impacted the market price and volatility of our common stock.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine, the escalating conflict in the Middle East, other geopolitical conflicts, and retaliatory measures imposed by the U.S. and other countries, including the responses to such measures, may cause significant disruptions to domestic and foreign economies and markets.

The Russia/Ukraine war and the rapidly escalating conflict in the Middle East, along with other geopolitical conflicts, have created new risks for global markets, trade, economic conditions, cybersecurity, and similar concerns. For example, these conflicts could affect the availability and price of commodities and products, adversely affecting supply chains and increasing inflationary pressures; the value of currencies, interest rates, and other components of financial markets; and lead to increased risks of events such as cyberattacks that could result in severe costs and disruptions to governmental entities and companies and their operations. The impact of these conflicts and retaliatory measures is continually evolving and cannot be predicted with certainty. It is likely that these conflicts will continue to affect the global political order and global and domestic markets for a substantial period of time, regardless of when these conflicts end.

While these events have not materially interrupted our operations, these or future developments resulting from these conflicts, such as cyberattacks on the U.S., the Bank, our customers, or our suppliers, could make it difficult to conduct business.

Protracted congressional negotiations and political stalemates in Washington D.C. regarding government funding and other issues may introduce additional volatility in the U.S. economy including capital and credit markets and the banking industry in particular.

The current continuing resolution that provides short-term appropriations to fund the U.S. government expires on November 17, 2023. Democrat and Republican lawmakers are at a stalemate and efforts to pass spending bills for long-term government funding have been complicated, increasing the risk of a government shutdown. Any such shutdown may result in further U.S. credit rating downgrades or defaults, and may introduce additional volatility in the U.S. economy, including capital and credit markets and the banking industry in particular; cause disruptions in the financial markets; impact interest rates; and result in other potential unforeseen consequences. In any such event, the Bank’s liquidity, operating margins, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None of our directors or officers have adopted, modified, or terminated a Rule 10b5-1(c) trading arrangement during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. Our directors and officers participate in certain of our benefits plans such as our Omnibus Incentive Plan and Payshelter 401(k) and Employee Stock Ownership Plan, and may from time to time make elections to have shares withheld to cover withholding taxes or pay the exercise price of options granted thereunder, which elections may be designed to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act or may constitute non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

a.Exhibits


Exhibit Number	Description

3.1	Second Amended and Restated Articles of Association of Zions Bancorporation, National Association, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K filed on October 2, 2018.	*

3.2	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Zions Bancorporation, National Association, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2019.	*

31.1	Certification by Chief Executive Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).

31.2	Certification by Chief Financial Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).

32	Certification by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Sections 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (furnished herewith).

101	Pursuant to Rules 405 and 406 of Regulation S-T, the following information is formatted in Inline XBRL (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).

104	The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, formatted as Inline XBRL.

* Incorporated by reference

Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K, copies of certain instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt are not filed. We agree to furnish a copy thereof to the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency upon request.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

/s/ Harris H. Simmons
Harris H. Simmons, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Paul E. Burdiss
Paul E. Burdiss, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 3, 2023