ZW Data Action Technologies Inc. - Quarter Report: 2019 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____ to _____

Commission File Number: 001-34647

ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada	20-4672080
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

No. 3 Min Zhuang Road, Building 6,

Yu Quan Hui Gu Tuspark, Haidian District, Beijing, PRC 100195

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

+86-10-6084-6616

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
$0.001 Common Stock		CNET		Nasdaq Capital Market

As of August 19, 2019, the registrant had 16,412,543 shares of common stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		PAGE

Item 1. Interim Financial Statements

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018	1-2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Six and Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	3-4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	5-6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Six and Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	7-8

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9-30

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		31-41

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		41

Item 4. Controls and Procedures		41

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings		42

Item 1A. Risk Factors		42

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		42

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities		42

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		42

Item 5. Other Information		42

Item 6. Exhibits		43

Signatures		44

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Interim Financial Statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	(US $)		(US $)
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,379	$	3,717
Term deposit, restricted		25		25
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,373 and $3,393, respectively		6,749		6,359
Prepayment and deposit to suppliers, net		2,049		2,154
Due from related parties, net		-		226
Other current assets, net		8		19
Total current assets		10,210		12,500

Long-term investments		36		-
Property and equipment, net		99		142
Intangible assets, net		36		45
Operating lease right-of-use assets		17		-
Blockchain application platform development costs		3,724		3,725
Deferred tax assets, net		549		556
Total Assets	$	14,671	$	16,968

Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term bank loan *	$	873	$	874
Accounts payable *		742		2,869
Advance from customers *		2,768		1,061
Advance from a customer, related *		53		-
Accrued payroll and other accruals *		289		521
Taxes payable *		3,082		2,997
Lease payment liability related to a short-term lease *		118		-
Other current liabilities *		162		118
Warrant liabilities		135		606
Total current liabilities		8,222		9,046

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term borrowing from a director		127			128
Total Liabilities		8,349			9,174

Commitments and contingencies

Equity:
ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity
Common stock (US$0.001 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 16,412,543 shares and 16,382,543 shares at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)		16			16
Additional paid-in capital		38,301			38,275
Statutory reserves		2,607			2,607
Accumulated deficit		(36,029	)		(34,512	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,481			1,457
Total ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		6,376			7,843

Noncontrolling interests		(54	)		(49	)
Total equity		6,322			7,794

Total Liabilities and Equity	$	14,671		$	16,968

*All of the VIEs' assets can be used to settle obligations of their primary beneficiary. Liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional claims on the Company’s general assets (Note 2).

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(US $)			(US $)			(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Revenues
From unrelated parties	$	23,912		$	30,780		$	15,352		$	22,520
From a related party		108			-			101			-
Total revenues		24,020			30,780			15,453			22,520
Cost of revenues		23,212			29,211			15,087			21,552
Gross profit		808			1,569			366			968

Operating expenses
Sales and marketing expenses		350			844			181			280
General and administrative expenses		2,058			2,842			1,248			1,478
Research and development expenses		360			458			159			240
Impairment on intangible assets		-			1,878			-			1,878
Impairment on goodwill		-			5,412			-			5,412
Total operating expenses		2,768			11,434			1,588			9,288

Loss from operations		(1,960	)		(9,865	)		(1,222	)		(8,320	)

Other income (expenses)
Impairment on long-term investments		-			(471	)		-			-
Interest expense, net		(23	)		(19	)		(12	)		(9	)
Other expenses		(4	)		(28	)		(2	)		(6	)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		471			948			821			(526	)
Total other income/(expenses)		444			430			807			(541	)

Loss before income tax (expense)/benefit and noncontrolling interests		(1,516	)		(9,435	)		(415	)		(8,861	)
Income tax (expense)/benefit		(6	)		(689	)		33			(693	)
Net loss		(1,522	)		(10,124	)		(382	)		(9,554	)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		5			55			3			50
Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.	$	(1,517	)	$	(10,069	)	$	(379	)	$	(9,504	)

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(US $)			(US $)			(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)

Net loss	$	(1,522	)	$	(10,124	)	$	(382	)	$	(9,554	)
Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)		24			194			60			(280	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(1,498	)	$	(9,930	)	$	(322	)	$	(9,834	)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		5			49			2			52
Comprehensive loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.	$	(1,493	)	$	(9,881	)	$	(320	)	$	(9,782	)

Loss per share
Loss per common share
Basic and diluted	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.64	)	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.60	)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		16,411,548			15,676,249			16,412,543			15,866,305

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
	(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(1,522	)	$	(10,124	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		52			427
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets		87			-
Share-based compensation expenses		203			151
Provision for allowances for doubtful accounts		460			794
Impairment on intangible assets		-			1,878
Impairment on goodwill		-			5,412
Impairment on long-term investments		-			471
Deferred taxes		6			689
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		(471	)		(948	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		(866	)		(257	)
Prepayment and deposit to suppliers		(76	)		1,504
Due from related parties		227			23
Other current assets		11			(16	)
Accounts payable		(2,153	)		(1,402	)
Advance from customers		1,733			(2,197	)
Advance from a customer, related		54			-
Accrued payroll and other accruals		(232	)		(154	)
Lease payment liability related to a short-term lease		120			-
Other current liabilities		(39	)		(495	)
Taxes payable		91			(77	)
Prepaid lease payment		(10	)		-
Net cash used in operating activities		(2,325	)		(4,321	)

Cash flows from investing activities
Payment for purchase of office equipment		-			(6	)
Investment to an investee		(36	)		-
Short-term loan to an unrelated party		-			(2,111	)
Collection of short-term loan from an unrelated party		-			4,668
Payment for acquisition of noncontrolling interest		-			(1,177	)
Payment for blockchain application platform development costs		-			(3,752	)
Purchase of software technology		-			(447	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(36	)		(2,825	)

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
	(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrant (net of cash offering cost of US$809)		-			10,263
Repayment to investors related to terminated security purchase agreements		-			(957	)
Proceeds from short-term bank loan		442			-
Repayment of short-term bank loan		(442	)		-
Net cash provided by financing activities		-			9,306

Effect of exchange rate fluctuation on cash and cash equivalents		23			(26	)

Net (decrease)/increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(2,338	)		2,134

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of the period		3,742			2,952
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period	$	1,404		$	5,086

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Income taxes paid	$	-		$	-
Interest expense paid	$	25		$	130

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

FOR THE SIX AND THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019
(In thousands, except for number of shares)

	Common stock				Additional paid-in capital		Statutory reserves		Accumulated deficit			Accumulated other comprehensive income			Noncontrolling interests			Total equity
	Number of shares		Amount
			(US $)		(US $)		(US $)		(US $)			(US $)			(US $)			(US $)

Balance, January 1, 2019		16,382,543	$	16	$	38,275	$	2,607	$	(34,512	)	$	1,457		$	(49	)	$	7,794
Share-based compensation		30,000		-		13		-		-			-			-			13
Net loss for the period		-		-		-		-		(1,138	)		-			(2	)		(1,140	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-		-			(35	)		(1	)		(36	)
Balance, March 31, 2019 (unaudited)		16,412,543		16		38,288		2,607		(35,650	)		1,422			(52	)		6,631
Share-based compensation		-		-		13		-		-			-			-			13
Net loss for the period		-		-		-		-		(379	)		-			(3	)		(382	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-		-			59			1			60
Balance, June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		16,412,543	$	16	$	38,301	$	2,607	$	(36,029	)	$	1,481		$	(54	)	$	6,322

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

FOR THE SIX AND THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018

(In thousands, except for number of shares)

	Common stock				Additional paid-in capital			Statutory reserves		Accumulated deficit			Accumulated other comprehensive income			Noncontrolling interests			Total equity
	Number of shares		Amount
			(US $)		(US $)			(US $)		(US $)			(US $)			(US $)			(US $)

Balance, January 1, 2018		13,982,542	$	14	$	31,554		$	2,607	$	(20,487	)	$	1,598		$	177		$	15,463
Issuance of common stock for private placement, net of $1.89 million proceeds allocated to investor warrants labilities and $1.20 million direct offering costs (including $0.39 million proceeds allocated to placement agent warrants liabilities), respectively		2,150,001		2		7,986			-		-			-			-			7,988
Share-based compensation		-		-		75			-		-			-			-			75
Net loss for the period		-		-		-			-		(565	)		-			(5	)		(570	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-			-		-			466			8			474
Balance, March 31, 2018 (Unaudited)		16,132,543	$	16	$	39,615		$	2,607	$	(21,052	)	$	2,064		$	180		$	23,430
Share-based compensation		-		-		76			-		-			-			-			76
Purchase noncontrolling interest in a Variable Interest Entity		-		-		(1,838	)		-		-			-			(130	)		(1,968	)
Net loss for the period		-		-		-			-		(9,504	)		-			(50	)		(9,554	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-			-		-			(278	)		(2	)		(280	)
Balance, June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)		16,132,543	$	16	$	37,853		$	2,607	$	(30,556	)	$	1,786			(2	)	$	11,704

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1.	Organization and nature of operations

ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) is a holding company, which, through certain contractual arrangements with operating companies in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”), is engaged in providing advertising, precision marketing, online to offline sales channel expansion and the related data services to small and medium enterprises in the PRC, through distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service the Company purchased from key search engines, online advertising placements on the Company’s advertising portals, sales of effective sales lead information and provision of TV advertising service.

2.	Variable interest entities

Summarized below is the information related to the VIEs’ assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively:

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	660	$	2,303
Term deposit, restricted		25		25
Accounts receivable, net		6,749		6,359
Prepayment and deposit to suppliers, net		1,773		1,724
Due from related parties, net		-		26
Other current assets, net		3		11
Total current assets		9,210		10,448

Long-term investments		36		-
Property and equipment, net		58		84
Intangible assets, net		34		42
Operating lease right-of-use assets		17		-
Deferred tax assets, net		549		556
Total Assets	$	9,904	$	11,130

Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Short-term bank loan	$	873	$	874
Accounts payable		740		2,868
Advance from customers		2,766		1,059
Advance from a customer, related		53		-
Accrued payroll and other accruals		152		155
Taxes payable		2,648		2,562
Lease payment liability related to a short-term lease		48		-
Other current liabilities		75		55
Total current liabilities		7,355		7,573

Total Liabilities	$	7,355	$	7,573

All of the VIEs' assets can be used to settle obligations of their primary beneficiary. Liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional claims on the Company’s general assets. See additional discussion related to restrictions on foreign currency exchange in the PRC in Note 18 and Note 20.

Summarized below is the information related to the financial performance of the VIEs reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)			US$(’000)			US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)

Revenues	$	24,020		$	30,773		$	15,453		$	22,520
Cost of revenues		(23,212	)		(29,211	)		(15,087	)		(21,552	)
Total operating expenses		(1,862	)		(10,025	)		(1,151	)		(8,763	)
Net loss before allocation to noncontrolling interests		(1,086	)		(8,861	)		(764	)		(8,183	)

3.	Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial information as of June 30, 2019 and for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures, which are normally included in complete consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, have been omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, previously filed with the SEC (the “2018 Form 10-K”) on April 15, 2019.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present a fair statement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position as of June 30, 2019, its condensed consolidated results of operations for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and its condensed consolidated cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, as applicable, have been made. The interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future periods.

Liquidity and management’s plan

The Company incurred operating losses and had negative operating cash flows and may continue to incur operating losses and generate negative cash flows as the Company implements its future business plan. The Company’s net loss attributable to stockholders for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately US$1.52 million and US$0.38 million, respectively, compared with approximately US$10.07 million and US$9.50 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately US$1.40 million and net cash used in operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately US$2.33 million.

On August 7, 2019, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with selected investors (the “Investors”) related to the purchase and sale of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”). The Company has agreed to issue an aggregate of 3,216,860 Shares in consideration for approximately $4.8 million. Each Share was sold to the Investors at $1.4927 per Share. The private placement was conducted pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Regulation S promulgated thereunder (the “PIPE transaction”). Although the PIPE transaction has not been closed as of the date hereof, the Company determined it is probable that the PIPE transaction will be closed within the assessment period.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Principles of consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of all the subsidiaries and VIEs of the Company. All transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries and VIEs have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company continually evaluates these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, historical experience and various other assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign currency translation

The exchange rates used to translate amounts in RMB into US$ for the purposes of preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements are as follows:

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018

Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts		6.8747		6.8632

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018

Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and statements of cash flows		6.7808		6.3711

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018

Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss		6.8137		6.3789

No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be converted into US$ at the above rates.

Fair value measurement

Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:

Fair value measurement at reporting date using

As of
June 30, 2019

Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

US$(’000)

(Unaudited)

Warrant liabilities (Note 17)

135

Fair value measurement at reporting date using

As of
December 31, 2018

Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

US$(’000)

Warrant liabilities (Note 17)

606

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Revenue recognition

All of the Company’s revenues are generated from the PRC. The following tables present the Company’s revenues disaggregated by products and services and timing of revenue recognition:

	Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)

Internet advertising and data service
--distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service		18,580		25,848		11,855		19,405
--online advertising placements		5,406		4,551		3,575		2,954
--sales of effective sales lead information		29		283		23		161
TV advertising service		-		91		-		-
Others		5		7		-		-
Total revenues	$	24,020	$	30,780	$	15,453	$	22,520

	Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)

Revenue recognized over time		23,991		30,497		15,430		22,359
Revenue recognized at a point in time		29		283		23		161
Total revenues	$	24,020	$	30,780	$	15,453	$	22,520

Contract costs

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not have any significant incremental costs of obtaining contracts with customers incurred and/or costs incurred in fulfilling contracts with customers, that shall be recognized as an asset and amortized to expenses in a pattern that matches the timing of the revenue recognition of the related contract.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Contract liabilities

The table below summarized the movement of the Company’s contract liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2019:

	Contract liabilities
	US$(’000)

Balance as of January 1, 2019		1,061
Exchange translation adjustment		(2	)
Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability balances		(619	)
Advances received from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations		2,381
Balance as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		2,821
Including:
--advance from customers		2,768
--advance from a customer, related		53
Total contract liabilities as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		2,821

Advance from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations are generally refundable. Refund of advance from customers were insignificant for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, there is no revenue recognized from performance obligations that were satisfied in prior periods.

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligation

The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph ASC Topic 606-10-50-14 and did not disclose the information related to transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of June 30, 2019, because all performance obligations of the Company’s contracts with customers have an original expected duration of one year or less.

Advertising expenses

Advertising costs for the Company’s own brand building are expensed when incurred and are included in “sales and marketing expenses” in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss. No advertising expenses for the Company’s own brand building was incurred for the six or three months ended June 30, 2019. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, advertising expenses for the Company’s own brand building were approximately US$0.41 million and US$0.02 million, respectively.

Research and development expenses

The Company accounts for expenses for the enhancement, maintenance and technical support to the Company’s Internet platforms and intellectual properties that are used in its daily operations in research and development expenses. Research and development costs are charged to expense when incurred. Expenses for research and development for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$0.36 million and US$0.46 million, respectively. Expenses for research and development for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$0.16 million and US$0.24 million, respectively.

Lease

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC Topic 842, “Lease”, applying the optional transition method in accordance with ASU No. 2018-11, which permitted the Company to change its date of initial application to the beginning of the period of adoption of ASC Topic 842 (i.e. January 1, 2019) and recognize the effects of applying ASC Topic 842 as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019, and remain applying ASC Topic 840 in the comparative periods. The adoption of ASC Topic 842 didn’t result in a material adjustment to the Company’s accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2019.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The Company leases two offices in the PRC from unrelated third parties during its normal course of business, of which one office is used as the Company’s principle executive office in Beijing, the other is used as the Company’s office in Hubei. Other than these, the Company does not have any other contract that is or contains a lease under ASC Topic 842.

The Company’s lease contracts do not contain any option for the Company to extend or terminate the lease, and do not contain the option for the Company to purchase the underlying assets. Based on the noncancelable lease period in the contract, the Company considers contract-based, asset-based, market-based and entity-based factors to determine the term over which it is reasonably certain to extend the lease, and then determine the lease term of each contract, which is 2-3 years.

The Company’s lease contracts only contain fixed lease payments and do not contain any residual value guarantee. The lease payments of the Company’s Beijing office are required to be paid on a quarterly basis, and the lease payments of its Hubei office are required to be paid on an annual basis.

The Company’s office lease contracts do not contain any nonlease component and are classified as operating leases in accordance with ASC Topic 842-10-25-3.

As the implicit rates of the Company leases cannot be readily determined, in accordance with ASC Topic 842-20-30-3, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate to determine the present value of the lease payments for each lease contract. The discount rate used by the Company is 6%, which is determined based on the interest rate commonly used by the commercial banks in the PRC for the 1-5 years long-term loan lent to business entities on a collateralized basis.

The Company’s lease agreement of its previous executive office in Beijing expired on March 31, 2019. In mid-August 2019, the Company relocated to a new Beijing office leased from another unrelated third party. From April 1, 2019 through the date of the relocation, the Company continued staying in its previous executive office in Beijing on a separately negotiated fixed daily rate as agreed by the Company and the lessor. Because the duration of this lease was less than twelve months, it met the definition of a short-term lease under ASC 842. As a result, in accordance with ASC 842-20-25-2, as an accounting policy, the Company elected not to apply the recognition requirements in this Subtopic (i.e. not to recognize right-of-use asset and related lease liability) to this short-term lease. Instead, the Company recognized the lease payments of this short-term lease in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, short-term lease cost recognized under ASC 842-20-25-2 was approximately US$0.13 million. As of June 30, 2019, unpaid lease payments related to this short-term lease was approximately US$0.12 million.

As of June 30, 2019, operating lease right-of-use assets recognized by the Company was approximately US$17 thousand, operating lease liabilities recognized was approximately US$10 thousand, which was included in the Company’s other current liabilities.

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, total operating lease cost recognized under ASC Topic 842 was approximately US$88 thousand and US$3 thousand, respectively. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, operating lease cost recognized under ASC Topic 840 was approximately US$0.18 million and US$0.09 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company’s total undiscounted lease payments of approximately US$10 thousand approximate its total operating lease liabilities recognized due to their short maturities. The Company’s lease payments as of June 30, 2019 will mature for the year ending December 31, 2020.

Supplemental information related to operating leases:

Operating cash flows used for operating leases (in thousands of U.S. dollars)	93
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (in thousands of U.S. dollars)	10
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	1.71
Weighted-average discount rate	6	%

Impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. The amendments in this ASU require the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. The amendments in this ASU replace the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses”, which among other things, clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. For public entities, the amendments in these ASUs are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial position and results of operations upon adopting these amendments.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement”. The amendments in this ASU eliminate, add and modify certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU, among other things, require public companies to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. The Company does not expect the adoption of these amendments to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Accounts receivable, net

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

Accounts receivable		8,122			9,752
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(1,373	)		(3,393	)
Accounts receivable, net		6,749			6,359

All of the accounts receivable are non-interest bearing. Based on the assessment of the collectability of the accounts receivable as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 the Company provided approximately US$1.4 million and US$3.4 million allowance for doubtful accounts, respectively, which were primarily related to the accounts receivable of the Company’s internet advertising and TV advertising business segment with an aging over six months. The Company evaluates its accounts receivable with an aging over six months and determines the allowance based on aging data, historical collection experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, approximately US$0.46 million and US$0.80 million allowance for doubtful accounts was provided, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, approximately US$0.27 million and US$0.31 million allowance for doubtful accounts was provided, respectively. As of June 30, 2019, the Company also charged off approximately US$2.5 million account receivable balances against the allowance, as all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

Prepayments and deposit to suppliers, net

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

Deposits to internet resources providers		656		963
Prepayments to internet resources providers		1,081		727
Other deposits and prepayments		312		464
		2,049		2,154

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

6.	Due from related parties, net

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

An officer of the Company		-			200
Guohua Shiji (Beijing) Communication Co., Ltd.		175			201
		175			401
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(175	)		(175	)
Due from related parties, net		-			226

Related parties of the Company represented the Company’s direct or indirect unconsolidated investee companies, entities that the Company’s officers or directors can exercise significant influence, as well as an officer of the Company.

Due from an officer of the Company as of December 31, 2018 represented a US$0.20 million fund advanced to one of the Company’s officers during the third fiscal quarter of 2018 for the purpose of setting up and providing finance to a proposed business entity in Taiwan. The Company intended to set up and expand its business in Taiwan through establishing the VIE arrangements with this Taiwan entity. This Taiwan entity was incorporated in September 2017 and is wholly-owned by the officer referred above, and has no fund and business activities since incorporation. Based on the fact that there are still legal obstacles to establish the VIE agreements between an entity that is ultimately controlled by the PRC citizens with an entity duly organized under the law of Taiwan, the Company terminated the plan, and the US$0.2 million fund advanced was fully returned to the Company in April 2019.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, due from related parties also included a short-term working capital loan to Guohua Shiji (Beijing) Communication Co., Ltd. (“Guohua Shiji”). As of December 31, 2018, the outstanding amount of the loan was RMB1.38 million (approximately US$0.20 million), of which RMB0.18 million (approximately US$0.03 million) was collected by the Company during the first fiscal quarter of 2019, and the Company had provided full allowance to against the remaining amount of this loan as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as the business activities of Guohua Shiji had significantly declined in recent years.

7.	Other current assets, net

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, other current assets primarily included a short-term working capital loan of RMB1.0 million (approximately US$0.15 million) lent to a former unconsolidated investee of the Company, and an approximately RMB11 million (approximately US$1.61 million) overdue contractual deposits in the aggregate, which were related to advertising resources purchase contracts that had been completed with no further cooperation. Based on the assessment of the collectability of these overdue deposits and short-term working capital loan, the Company had provided full allowance against these doubtful accounts as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2019, the Company charged off the approximately US$0.15 million short-term working capital loan and US$0.85 million overdue deposits receivable against the allowance, respectively, because for this portion of debts, all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the remaining balances of other current assets represented small amounts of staff advances for business operations.

Long-term investments

As of June 30, 2019, long-term investment of approximately RMB0.25 million (approximately US$0.04 million) represented the Company’s contribution of its pro-rata share of cash investment to one of its equity ownership investee entities, Local Chain Xi’an Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Local Chain Xi’an) in January 2019. Local Chain Xi’an was incorporated in October 2018, which is preliminarily engaged in providing technical supports to online advertising and precision marketing. The Company beneficially owns 4.9% equity interest in this entity.

The Company measures this investment which do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the Company.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Property and equipment, net

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

Leasehold improvement		320			321
Vehicles		769			771
Office equipment		1,351			1,353
Electronic devices		951			952
Property and equipment, cost		3,391			3,397
Less: accumulated depreciation		(3,292	)		(3,255	)
Property and equipment, net		99			142

Depreciation expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$43,000 and US$91,000, respectively. Depreciation expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$10,000 and US$43,000, respectively.

10.

Intangible assets, net

	As of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)
Items	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Impairment			Net Carrying Value
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)			US$(’000)			US$(’000)
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Domain name		1,405		-			(1,405	)		-
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationship		1,938		(1,938	)		-			-
Non-compete agreements		1,066		(579	)		(487	)		-
Software technologies		298		(298	)		-			-
Cloud compute software technology		1,350		(903	)		(414	)		33
Intelligent marketing data service platform		4,697		(1,903	)		(2,794	)		-
Internet safety, information exchange security and data encryption software		1,891		(425	)		(1,466	)		-
Cloud video management system		1,382		(343	)		(1,039	)		-
Other computer software		114		(111	)		-			3
Total	$	14,141	$	(6,500	)	$	(7,605	)	$	36

	As of December 31, 2018
Items	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Impairment			Net Carrying Value
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)			US$(’000)			US$(’000)
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Domain name		1,408		-			(1,408	)		-
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationship		1,941		(1,941	)		-			-
Non-compete agreements		1,068		(580	)		(488	)		-
Software technologies		299		(299	)		-			-
Cloud compute software technology		1,353		(896	)		(415	)		42
Intelligent marketing data service platform		4,705		(1,906	)		(2,799	)		-
Internet safety, information exchange security and data encryption software		1,894		(426	)		(1,468	)		-
Cloud video management system		1,383		(343	)		(1,040	)		-
Other computer software		114		(111	)		-			3
Total	$	14,165	$	(6,502	)	$	(7,618	)	$	45

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Amortization expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$9,000 and US$336,000, respectively. Amortization expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were approximately US$4,000 and US$168,000, respectively.

Based on the adjusted carrying value of the finite-lived intangible assets after the deduction of the impairment losses, which has a weighted average remaining useful life of 1.98 years as of June 30, 2019, and assuming no further subsequent impairment of the underlying intangible assets, the estimated future amortization expenses is approximately US$9,000 for the year ending December 31, 2019, approximately US$18,000 for the year ending December 31, 2020 and approximately US$9,000 for the year ending December 31, 2021.

11.

Blockchain software application platform development costs

In early 2018, the Company announced its expansion into the blockchain industry and the related technology. In February 2018, the Company entered into a contract with an unrelated entity to develop certain blockchain technology-based software application platform for internal use. Total amount of the contract was US$4.5 million. In March 2018, the Company entered into a RMB3.0 million (approximately US$0.44 million) social network-based software application development contract with another unrelated entity, which software application the Company had further decided to be combined into the current under developing blockchain technology-based application platform, as discussed above. As of June 30, 2019, in accordance with ASC 350-40 “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software”, the Company had capitalized approximately US$3.72 million software development costs in the aggregate for these two contracts. In August 2019, after the preliminary testing of the beta modules and discussion with potential cooperators, the Company decided to tune and upgrade some functions of the backstage applications of the platform, which are within the service scope of the development contracts signed. The complete combined beta version of the upgraded platform is expected to be ready for trial by the end of 2019.

According to the development contracts the Company signed with the counter parties, the Company will not bear any development risk related loss unless the counter party has no fault during the development and the causes for failure is considered reasonable as consented by both parties. In the latter case, the related development loss will be shared by both parties based on further negotiation. As of the date hereof, the Company does not aware of any technical risks that may lead to failure or partial failure of these development projects.

12.

Short-term bank loan and credit facility

As of June 30, 2019, the Company had a revolving credit facility of RMB5.0 million (approximately US$0.7 million) for short-term working capital loans granted by a major financial institution in China, which currently is available to the Company until January 2020. As of June 30, 2019, under the revolving credit facility, the Company borrowed RMB3.0 million (approximately US$0.44 million) short-term loan, which will mature in January 2020.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company borrowed another RMB3.0 million (approximately US$0.44 million) short-term working capital loan from the same financial institution, of which RMB1.5 million (approximately US$0.22 million) matured and was repaid on July 29, 2019 and the remaining RMB1.5 million (approximately US$0.22 million) will mature in September 2019.

Collateral for the above discussed revolving credit facility and short-term bank loans included an unlimited guarantee from Mr. Handong Cheng (Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company) and his spouse and an approximately US$0.03 million term deposit, which will mature on September 21, 2019.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Interest rate of the current outstanding short-term working capital loans was 5.655% per annum, which is 30% over the benchmark rate of the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”).

13.

Advance from a customer, related

As of June 30, 2019, advance from a customer, related represented advance payments received from a customer that one of the Company’s executive officer and director can exercise significant influence, which was related to unsatisfied performance obligations for the use of the Company’s distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service.

14.	Accrued payroll and other accruals

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

Accrued payroll and staff welfare		185		208
Accrued operating expenses		104		313
		289		521

15.

Taxation

Income tax

The entities within the Company file separate tax returns in the respective tax jurisdictions in which they operate.

i). The Company is incorporated in the state of Nevada. Under the current law of Nevada, the Company is not subject to state corporate income tax. Following the Share Exchange, the Company became a holding company and does not conduct any substantial operations of its own. Effective from January 1, 2018, the Company is subject to the new GILTI tax rules. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”), subject to the possible use of foreign tax credits and a deduction equal to 50 percent to offset the income tax liability, subject to some limitations. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company has made an accounting policy choice of treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current period expense when incurred. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, no provision for federal corporate income tax has been made in the financial statements as the Company has no aggregated positive tested income.

ii). China Net BVI and ChinaNet Investment BVI were incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”). Under the current law of the BVI, these BVI companies are not subject to tax on income or capital gains. Additionally, upon payments of dividends by these BVI companies to its respective shareholders, no BVI withholding tax will be imposed.

iii). China Net HK was incorporated in Hong Kong and does not conduct any substantial operations of its own. Effective from April 1, 2018, a two-tier corporate income tax system was officially implemented in Hong Kong. The applicable income tax rate is 8.25% for the first HK$2.0 million profits, and the subsequent profits are taxed at 16.5%. No provision for Hong Kong income tax has been made in the financial statements as China Net HK has no assessable profits for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 or any prior periods. Additionally, upon payments of dividends by China Net HK to its shareholders, no Hong Kong withholding tax will be imposed.

iv). The Company’s PRC operating subsidiaries and VIEs, being incorporated in the PRC, are governed by the income tax law of the PRC and is subject to PRC enterprise income tax (“EIT”). The EIT rate of PRC is 25%, which applies to both domestic and foreign invested enterprises.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

	•	As approved by the related PRC governmental authorities, Business Opportunity Online continuously qualified as a High and New Technology Enterprise until November 2021, which enabled the entity, as approved by the local tax authorities of Beijing, the PRC, to continue enjoying the preferential EIT rate of 15% until November 2021. Therefore, for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the applicable EIT rate of Business Opportunity Online was 15%. In accordance with the 2018 Bulletin No. 45 issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation, which come into effect from January 1, 2018, an enterprise that obtains qualification as or remains as a High and New Technology Enterprise or Small and Medium-sized Tech Enterprise in any time of 2018 and afterwards, is allowed to carry forward all its previous five years’ net operating losses NOLs (starting from NOL of 2013) to up to ten years, compared with the PRC standard NOLs carryforward period of 5 years.

	•	The applicable EIT rate for other PRC operating entities of the Company was 25% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	•	The current EIT law also imposed a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by a foreign invested enterprise to its immediate holding company outside China. A lower withholding tax rate will be applied if there is a tax treaty arrangement between mainland China and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. Holding companies in Hong Kong, for example, will be subject to a 5% withholding tax rate, subject to approval from the related PRC tax authorities.

Turnover taxes and the relevant surcharges

Service revenues provided by the Company’s PRC operating subsidiaries and VIEs were subject to Value Added Tax (“VAT”). VAT rate for provision of modern services (other than lease of corporeal movables) is 6%, and for small scale taxpayer, 3%. Therefore, for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s service revenues are subject to VAT at a rate of 6%, after deducting the VAT paid for the services purchased from suppliers, or at a rate of 3% without any deduction of VAT paid for the services purchased from suppliers. The surcharges of the VAT in the aggregate is 12% to 14% of the VAT, depending on which tax jurisdiction the Company’s PRC operating subsidiaries and VIE operate in.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, taxes payable consists of:

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

PRC turnover tax and surcharge payable		1,303		1,215
PRC enterprise income tax payable		1,779		1,782
Total taxes payable		3,082		2,997

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s income tax (expense)/benefit consisted of:

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019		2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)			US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)

Current-PRC		-			-			-		-
Deferred-PRC		(6	)		(689	)		33		(693	)
Income tax (expense)/benefit		(6	)		(689	)		33		(693	)

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The Company’s deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	US$(’000)			US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)

Tax effect of net operating losses carried forward		9,601			9,243
Bad debts provision		499			1,188
Valuation allowance		(9,551	)		(9,875	)
Deferred tax assets, net		549			556

The U.S. holding company has incurred aggregate NOLs of approximately US$19.7 million and US$19.2 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The NOLs carryforwards incurred prior to December 31, 2017 gradually expire over time, the last of which expires in 2037. NOLs incurred after December 31, 2017 will no longer be available to carry back but can be carried forward indefinitely, subject to an annual limit of 80% on the amount of taxable income that can be offset by NOLs arising in tax years ending after December 31, 2017. The Company maintains a full valuation allowance against its net U.S. deferred tax assets, since due to uncertainties surrounding future utilization, the Company estimates there will not be sufficient future earnings to utilize its U.S. deferred tax assets.

The NOLs carried forward incurred by the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs were approximately US$26.3 million and US$25.2 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The losses carryforwards gradually expire over time, the last of which expires in 2029 due to certain subsidiary enjoys the High and New Technology Enterprise’s privileged NOLs carryforward policy. The related deferred tax assets were calculated based on the respective NOLs incurred by each of the PRC subsidiaries and VIEs and the respective corresponding enacted tax rate that will be in effect in the period in which the losses are expected to be utilized.

The Company recorded approximately US$9.6 million and US$9.9 million valuation allowance as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, because it is considered more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized through sufficient future earnings of the entities to which the operating losses related.

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded approximately US$0.45 million and US$0.26 million deferred tax valuation allowance, respectively. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded approximately US$1.17 million and US$0.76 million deferred tax valuation allowance, respectively.

16.

Long-term borrowing from a director

Long-term borrowing from a director is a non-interest bearing loan from a director of the Company relating to the original paid-in capital contribution in the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary Rise King WFOE, which is not expected to be repaid within one year.

17.	Warrant liabilities

On January 17, 2018, the Company consummated a registered direct offering of 2,150,001 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain institutional investors at a purchase price of $5.15 per share (“the Financing”). As part of the transaction, the Company also issued to the investors and the placement agent warrants for the purchase of up to 645,000 and 129,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $6.60 per share, respectively.

The Company accounted for the warrants issuing in the Financing as derivative liabilities, as the strike price of the warrants is dominated in a currency (U.S. dollar) other than the functional currency of the Company (Renminbi or Yuan) and is not considered index to the Company’s own stock. As a result, these warrants were remeasured at fair value with changes in fair value be recorded in earnings in each reporting period.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Fair value of the warrants

The Company used Binomial model to determine the fair value of the Warrants based on the assumptions summarized as below:

	Investors warrants									Placement agent warrants
	December 31, 2018			March 31, 2019			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2019			June 30, 2019

Stock price	$	1.34		$	1.95		$	1.35		$	1.34		$	1.95		$	1.35
Years to maturity		1.55			1.30			1.10			2.05			1.80			1.55
Risk-free interest rate		2.50	%		2.27	%		1.73	%		2.50	%		2.27	%		1.73	%
Dividend yield		-			-			-			-			-			-
Expected volatility		199	%		216	%		90	%		176	%		187	%		202	%
Exercise Price	$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60

Fair value of the warrant	$	0.78		$	1.23		$	0.05		$	0.80		$	1.26		$	0.80

	Investors warrants									Placement agent warrants
	January 17, 2018			March 31, 2018			June 30, 2018			January 17, 2018			March 31, 2018			June 30, 2018

Stock price	$	3.98		$	1.67		$	2.52		$	3.98		$	1.67		$	2.52
Years to maturity		2.50			2.30			2.10			3.00			2.80			2.55
Risk-free interest rate		2.22	%		2.35	%		2.53	%		2.39	%		2.50	%		2.56	%
Dividend yield		-			-			-			-			-			-
Expected volatility		158	%		164	%		174	%		147	%		152	%		159	%
Exercise Price	$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60		$	6.60

Fair value of the warrant	$	2.93		$	1.03		$	1.71		$	2.99		$	1.06		$	1.74

Changes in fair value of warrant liabilities

Six and Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

	As of		As of		As of		Change in Fair Value (gain)/loss
	June 30, 2019		March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		Six Months Ended June 30, 2019			Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Fair value of the Warrants:
Investor warrants		32		793		503		(471	)		(761	)
Placement agent warrants		103		163		103		-			(60	)
Warrant liabilities		135		956		606		(471	)		(821	)

Six and Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)

	As of		As of		As of		Change in Fair Value (gain)/loss
	June 30, 2018		March 31, 2018		January 17, 2018		Six Months Ended June 30, 2018			Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Fair value of the Warrants:
Investor warrants		1,103		664		1,890		(787	)		439
Placement agent warrants		224		137		385		(161	)		87
Warrant liabilities		1,327		801		2,275		(948	)		526

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Warrants issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and their movements during the six months then ended are as follows:

	Warrant Outstanding						Warrant Exercisable
	Number of underlying shares		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of underlying shares		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Weighted Average Exercise Price

Balance, January 1, 2019		774,000		1.63	$	6.60		774,000		1.63	$	6.60
Granted/Vested		-						-
Forfeited		-						-
Exercised		-						-
Balance, June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		774,000		1.13	$	6.60		774,000		1.13	$	6.60

18.	Restricted net assets

As all of the Company’s operations are conducted through its PRC subsidiaries and VIEs, the Company’s ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on receiving distributions of funds from its PRC subsidiaries and VIEs. Relevant PRC statutory laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by its PRC subsidiaries and VIEs only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations and after it has met the PRC requirements for appropriation to statutory reserves. Paid in capital of the PRC subsidiaries and VIEs included in the Company’s consolidated net assets are also non-distributable for dividend purposes.

In accordance with the PRC regulations on Enterprises with Foreign Investment, a WFOE established in the PRC is required to provide certain statutory reserves, namely general reserve fund, the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund which are appropriated from net profit as reported in the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A WFOE is required to allocate at least 10% of its annual after-tax profit to the general reserve until such reserve has reached 50% of its registered capital based on the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the board of directors. The aforementioned reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends. Rise King WFOE is subject to the above mandated restrictions on distributable profits. Additionally, in accordance with the Company Law of the PRC, a domestic enterprise is required to provide a statutory common reserve of at least 10% of its annual after-tax profit until such reserve has reached 50% of its registered capital based on the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A domestic enterprise is also required to provide for a discretionary surplus reserve, at the discretion of the board of directors. The aforementioned reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends. All of the Company’s other PRC subsidiaries and PRC VIEs are subject to the above mandated restrictions on distributable profits.

As a result of these PRC laws and regulations, the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, net assets restricted in the aggregate, which include paid-in capital and statutory reserve funds of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs that are included in the Company’s consolidated net assets, were both approximately US$12.0 million.

The current PRC Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law also imposed a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by a foreign invested enterprise to its immediate holding company outside China. A lower withholding tax rate will be applied if there is a tax treaty arrangement between mainland China and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. Holding companies in Hong Kong, for example, will be subject to a 5% withholding tax rate, subject to approval from the related PRC tax authorities.

The ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs to make dividends and other payments to the Company may also be restricted by changes in applicable foreign exchange and other laws and regulations.

Foreign currency exchange regulation in China is primarily governed by the following rules:

•

Foreign Exchange Administration Rules (1996), as amended in August 2008, or the Exchange Rules;

•

Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), or the Administration Rules.

Currently, under the Administration Rules, Renminbi is freely convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service related foreign exchange transactions, but not for capital account items, such as direct investments, loans, repatriation of investments and investments in securities outside of China, unless the prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (the “SAFE”) is obtained and prior registration with the SAFE is made. Foreign-invested enterprises like Rise King WFOE that need foreign exchange for the distribution of profits to its shareholders may effect payment from their foreign exchange accounts or purchase and pay foreign exchange rates at the designated foreign exchange banks to their foreign shareholders by producing board resolutions for such profit distribution. Based on their needs, foreign-invested enterprises are permitted to open foreign exchange settlement accounts for current account receipts and payments of foreign exchange along with specialized accounts for capital account receipts and payments of foreign exchange at certain designated foreign exchange banks.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Although the current Exchange Rules allow the convertibility of Chinese Renminbi into foreign currency for current account items, conversion of Chinese Renminbi into foreign exchange for capital items, such as foreign direct investment, loans or securities, requires the approval of SAFE, which is under the authority of the People’s Bank of China. These approvals, however, do not guarantee the availability of foreign currency conversion. The Company cannot be sure that it will be able to obtain all required conversion approvals for its operations or the Chinese regulatory authorities will not impose greater restrictions on the convertibility of Chinese Renminbi in the future. Currently, most of the Company’s retained earnings are generated in Renminbi. Any future restrictions on currency exchanges may limit the Company’s ability to use its retained earnings generated in Renminbi to make dividends or other payments in U.S. dollars or fund possible business activities outside China.

19.	Employee defined contribution plan

Full time employees of the Company in the PRC participate in a government mandated defined contribution plan, pursuant to which certain pension benefits, medical care, employee housing fund and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. Chinese labor regulations require that the PRC subsidiaries of the Company make contributions to the government for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ salaries. The employee benefits were expensed as incurred. The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits were approximately US$0.17 million and US$0.18 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total amounts for such employee benefits were approximately US$0.08 million and US$0.10 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

20.	Concentration of risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. As of June 30, 2019, 50% of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held by major financial institutions located in Mainland China, the remaining 50% was held by a financial institution located in the United States of America. The Company believes that these financial institutions located in Mainland China and the United States of America are of high credit quality. For accounts receivable, the Company extends credit based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, generally without requiring collateral or other security. In order to minimize the credit risk, the Company delegated a team responsible for credit approvals and other monitoring procedures to ensure that follow-up action is taken to recover overdue debts. Further, the Company reviews the recoverable amount of each individual receivable at each balance sheet date to ensure that adequate allowances are made for doubtful accounts. In this regard, the Company considers that the Company’s credit risk for accounts receivable and other receivables is significantly reduced.

Risk arising from operations in foreign countries

All of the Company’s operations are conducted within the PRC. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to various political, economic, and other risks and uncertainties inherent in the PRC. Among other risks, the Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to the risks of restrictions on transfer of funds, changing taxation policies, foreign exchange restrictions; and political conditions and governmental regulations.

Currency convertibility risk

Significant part of the Company’s businesses is transacted in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices and signed contracts. These exchange control measures imposed by the PRC government authorities may restrict the ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs to transfer its net assets, which to the Company through loans, advances or cash dividends.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Concentration of customers

The following tables summarized the information about the Company’s concentration of customers for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	Customer A			Customer B			Customer C

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Revenues, customer concentration risk		13	%		-			*

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Revenues, customer concentration risk		11	%		-			-

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Revenues, customer concentration risk		14	%		14	%		*

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Revenues, customer concentration risk		19	%		*			11	%

As of June 30, 2019
Accounts receivable, customer concentration risk		66	%		-			*

As of December 31, 2018
Accounts receivable, customer concentration risk		74	%		-			12	%

* Less than 10%.

- No transaction incurred for the reporting period/no balance existed as of the reporting date.

Concentration of suppliers

The following tables summarized the information about the Company’s concentration of suppliers for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	Supplier A			Supplier B

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk		90	%		*

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk		91	%		*

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk		83	%		13	%

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk		87	%		10	%

* Less than 10%.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

21.	Commitments and contingencies

In 2018, the Company entered into contracts with two unrelated third parties in relation to the development of the Company’s blockchain-powered marketing and advertising application platform. Total contract amount of these two contracts was approximately US$4.94 million. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had paid approximately US$3.72 million in the aggerate, the remaining unpaid contract amount is expected to be paid during the year ending December 31, 2019.

The Company is currently not a party to any legal or administrative proceedings and are not aware of any pending or threatened legal or administrative proceedings against us in all material aspects. The Company may from time to time become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in its ordinary course of business.

22.	Segment reporting

The Company follows ASC Topic 280 “Segment Reporting”, which requires that companies disclose segment data based on how management makes decisions about allocating resources to segments and evaluating their performance. Reportable operating segments include components of an entity about which separate financial information is available and which operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess each operating segment’s performance.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

	Internet Ad. and data service			TV Ad.			Blockchain technology			Corporate			Inter- segment and reconciling item			Total
	US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)

Revenues		24,020			-			-			-			-			24,020
Cost of revenues		23,212			-			-			-			-			23,212
Total operating expenses		1,850			36			11			871	(1)		-			2,768
Depreciation and amortization expense included in total operating expenses		35			-			1			16			-			52
Operating loss		(1,042	)		(36	)		(11	)		(871	)		-			(1,960	)

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		-			-			-			471			-			471

Net loss		(1,075	)		(36	)		(11	)		(400	)		-			(1,522	)

Total assets-June 30, 2019		11,550			229			3,389			16,143			(16,640	)		14,671
Total assets-December 31, 2018		12,756			207			3,396			17,155			(16,546	)		16,968

(1) Including approximately US$203,000 share-based compensation expenses.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

	Internet Ad. and data service			TV Ad.			Blockchain technology			Corporate			Inter- segment and reconciling item		Total
	US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)		US$ (‘000)

Revenues		15,453			-			-			-			-		15,453
Cost of revenues		15,087			-			-			-			-		15,087
Total operating expenses		1,145			18			6			419	⁽¹⁾		-		1,588
Depreciation and amortization expense included in total operating expenses		12			-			1			1			-		14
Operating loss		(779	)		(18	)		(6	)		(419	)		-		(1,222	)

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		-			-			-			821			-		821

Net (loss)/income		(760	)		(17	)		(6	)		401			-		(382	)

(1) Including approximately US$102,000 share-based compensation expenses.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

	Internet Ad. and data service			TV Ad.		Blockchain technology			Corporate			Inter- segment and reconciling item			Total
	US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)		US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)

Revenues		30,689			91		-			371			(371	)		30,780
Cost of revenues		29,173			38		-			-			-			29,211
Total operating expenses		10,388			47		4			1,366	⁽¹⁾		(371	)		11,434
Depreciation and amortization expense included in total operating expenses		389			-		-			38			-			427
Impairment on goodwill included in total operating expenses		5,412			-		-			-			-			5,412
Impairment on intangible assets included in total operating expenses		1,878			-		-			-			-			1,878
Operating (loss)/income		(8,872	)		6		(4	)		(995	)		-			(9,865	)

Impairment on long-term investments		-			-		-			(471	)		-			(471	)

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		-			-		-			948			-			948

Net (loss)/income		(9,271	)		6		(4	)		(855	)		-			(10,124	)

Expenditure for long-term assets		448			-		3,755			2			-			4,205

(1) Including approximately US$151,000 share-based compensation expenses.

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)

	Internet Ad. and data service			TV Ad.			Blockchain technology			Corporate			Inter- segment and reconciling item		Total
	US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)			US$ (‘000)		US$ (‘000)

Revenues		22,520			-			-			-			-		22,520
Cost of revenues		21,552			-			-			-			-		21,552
Total operating expenses		8,766			25			4			493	⁽¹⁾		-		9,288
Depreciation and amortization expense included in total operating expenses		192			-			-			19			-		211
Impairment on goodwill included in total operating expenses		5,412			-			-			-			-		5,412
Impairment on intangible assets included in total operating expenses		1,878			-			-			-			-		1,878
Operating loss		(7,798	)		(25	)		(4	)		(493	)		-		(8,320	)

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		-			-			-			(526	)		-		(526	)

Net loss		(8,198	)		(14	)		(4	)		(1,338	)		-		(9,554	)

Expenditure for long-term assets		-			-			2,555			1			-		2,556

(1) Including approximately US$76,000 share-based compensation expenses.

23.

Loss per share

Basic and diluted loss per share for each of the periods presented are calculated as follows (All amounts, except number of shares and per share data, are presented in thousands of U.S. dollars):

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)

Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc. (numerator for basic and diluted loss per share)	$	(1,517	)	$	(10,069	)	$	(379	)	$	(9,504	)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding -Basic and diluted		16,411,548			15,676,249			16,412,543			15,866,305

Loss per share-Basic and diluted	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.64	)	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.60	)

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, the diluted loss per share calculation did not include warrants and options to purchase up to 774,000 and 835,216 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, because their effect was anti-dilutive, as the Company incurred a net loss for both periods.

For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, the diluted loss per share calculation did not include warrants and options to purchase up to 774,000 and 835,216 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, and 266,238 shares of unvested restricted common stock before they were vested during the third quarter of 2018, because their effect was anti-dilutive, as the Company incurred a net loss for both periods.

24.

Share-based compensation expenses

In January 2019, the Company granted and issued 30,000 shares of the Company’s restricted common stock to one of its independent directors, in exchange for his services to the Company for the year ending December 31, 2019. These shares were valued at US$1.77 per share, the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Total compensation expense is amortized over the requisite service period. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, compensation expense recognized was approximately US$26,000 and US$13,000, respectively.

In December 2018, the Company granted and issued 250,000 shares of the Company restricted common stock to a management consulting and advisory service provider in exchange for its service for a one-year period. These shares were valued at US$1.43 per share, the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Company recorded the related cost of approximately US$358,000 as a prepayment asset in prepayment and deposit to suppliers upon grant and issuance of these fully-vested and nonforfeitable shares. Total compensation expenses amortized for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately US$177,000 and US$89,000, respectively.

Options issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and their movements during the six months then ended are as follows:

	Option Outstanding						Option Exercisable
	Number of underlying shares		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of underlying shares		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Weighted Average Exercise Price

Balance, January 1, 2019		835,216		2.04	$	2.49		835,216		2.04	$	2.49
Granted/Vested		-						-
Forfeited		-						-
Exercised		-						-
Balance, June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		835,216		1.54	$	2.49		835,216		1.54	$	2.49

CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

The aggregate intrinsic value of the above options was zero as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as their respective exercise prices were all higher than the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of each reporting period.

The table below summarized share-based compensation expenses recorded for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
	US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)		US$(’000)
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)

Sales and marketing expenses		-		27		-		14
General and administrative expenses		203		102		102		51
Research and development expenses		-		22		-		11
Total		203		151		102		76

The aggregate unrecognized share-based compensation expenses as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was approximately US$0.19 million and US$0.34 million, respectively. All unrecognized share-based compensation expenses as of June 30, 2019 will be recognized for the year ending December 31, 2019.

25.

Subsequent event

The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and has determined that there are no events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements, except for those have discussed in Note 3(b) and Note 12.

Item 2 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this interim report. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, intentions or future strategies that are signified by the words “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” or similar language. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. Our business and financial performance are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the information set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Overview

Our company is a holding company, which through certain contractual arrangements with operating companies in the PRC, is engaged in providing advertising, precision marketing, online to offline sales channel expansion and the related data services to small and medium enterprises in the PRC.

Through our PRC operating subsidiaries and VIEs, we primarily operate a one-stop services for our clients on our Omni-channel advertising, precision marketing and data analysis management system. We offer a variety channels of advertising and marketing services through this system, which primarily include distribution of the right to use search engine marketing services we purchased from key search engines, provision of online advertising placements on our web portals, sales of effective sale lead information as well as sell provision of TV advertising service to maximize market exposure and effectiveness for our clients.

Basis of presentation, management estimates and critical accounting policies

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of our company, and all of our subsidiaries and VIEs. We prepare financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the financial reporting period. We continually evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. In order to understand the significant accounting policies that we adopted for the preparation of our condensed consolidated interim financial statements, readers should refer to the information set forth in Note 3 “Summary of significant accounting policies” to our audited financial statements in our 2018 Form 10-K. Please refer to Note 3 to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the discussion of the newly adopted lease accounting policy and the impact of other recently issued accounting standards.

A. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE SIX AND THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

The following table sets forth a summary, for the periods indicated, of our consolidated results of operations. Our historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period. All amounts, except number of shares and per share data, are presented in thousands of U.S. dollars.

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(US $)			(US $)			(US $)			(US $)
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Revenues
From unrelated parties	$	23,912		$	30,780		$	15,352		$	22,520
From a related party		108			-			101			-
Total revenues		24,020			30,780			15,453			22,520
Cost of revenues		23,212			29,211			15,087			21,552
Gross profit		808			1,569			366			968

Operating expenses
Sales and marketing expenses		350			844			181			280
General and administrative expenses		2,058			2,842			1,248			1,478
Research and development expenses		360			458			159			240
Impairment on intangible assets		-			1,878			-			1,878
Impairment on goodwill		-			5,412			-			5,412
Total operating expenses		2,768			11,434			1,588			9,288

Loss from operations		(1,960	)		(9,865	)		(1,222	)		(8,320	)

Other income (expenses)
Impairment on long-term investments		-			(471	)		-			-
Interest expense, net		(23	)		(19	)		(12	)		(9	)
Other expenses		(4	)		(28	)		(2	)		(6	)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		471			948			821			(526	)
Total other income/(expenses)		444			430			807			(541	)

Loss before income tax (expense)/benefit and noncontrolling interests		(1,516	)		(9,435	)		(415	)		(8,861	)
Income tax (expense)/benefit		(6	)		(689	)		33			(693	)
Net loss		(1,522	)		(10,124	)		(382	)		(9,554	)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		5			55			3			50
Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.	$	(1,517	)	$	(10,069	)	$	(379	)	$	(9,504	)

Revenues

The following tables set forth a breakdown of our total revenues, disaggregated by type of services for the periods indicated, with inter-company transactions eliminated:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018
Revenue type	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)

-Internet advertising and data service	$	5,435	22.6	%	$	4,834	15.7	%
-Distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service		18,580	77.4	%		25,848	84.0	%
-Technical and other services		5	-			7	-
Internet advertising and related data services		24,020	100	%		30,689	99.7	%
TV advertising service		-	-			91	0.3	%
Total	$	24,020	100	%	$	30,780	100	%

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018
Revenue type	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)

-Internet advertising and data service	$	3,598	23.3	%	$	3,115	13.8	%
-Distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service		11,855	76.7	%		19,405	86.2	%
Internet advertising and related data services		15,453	100	%		22,520	100	%
TV advertising service		-	-			-	-
Total	$	15,453	100	%	$	22,520	100	%

Total Revenues: Our total revenues decreased to US$24.02 million and US$15.45 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, from US$30.78 million and US$22.52 million for the same periods last year, respectively, which was primarily due to decrease in revenues from distribution of the right to use the search engine marketing service we purchased from key search engines in the second fiscal quarter of 2019, compared with that in the same period last year.

We derive the majority of our advertising and data service revenues from distribution of the right to use the search engine marketing (“SEM”) services, sale of advertising space on our internet ad portals and sales of effective sales lead information, all of which management considers as one aggregate business operation and relies upon the consolidated results of all operations in this business unit to make decisions about allocating resources and evaluating performance.

Our advertising and marketing services to related parties were provided in the ordinary course of business on the same terms as those provided to our unrelated customers. For the six and three ended December 31, 2019, service revenue from related parties was less than 1% of the total revenue for each respective reporting period.

	•	Internet advertising revenues for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately US$5.44 million and US$3.60 million, respectively, compared with US$4.83 million and US$3.12 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Due to increase in other new form of self-media advertising channels, our clients continued tightening their investment budget on advertising and marketing activities through traditional ad portal platforms, and focused more on new interactive advertising channels, and singular ad, cheaper advertising channel, e.g. search engine marketing, which brings customers with direct internet traffic flow through clicks. As a result, we experienced decline in revenues from this business category from fiscal 2017. In order to maintain the customer base for our ad portals and maintain our overall industry competitive position, we increased our investment in cost consumption for effective sale lead generation to improve the ad effectiveness and increase customers’ satisfaction. As a result of this investment, revenues from this service increased by approximately 12% and 16% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with that in the same periods last year, respectively. In future periods, we intend to optimize our cost control mechanism for our ad portals, which aiming to help our ad portals to achieve more accurate advertising and marketing results that will lead to increasing sales lead conversion rate for our customers with more acceptable and lower costs, and thereby improve the gross profit margin of this business category.

•

Revenue generated from distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service provided by key search engines for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately US$18.58 million and US$11.86 million, respectively, compared with approximately US$25.85 million and US$19.41 million, respectively. Customers use this third-party search engine marketing service to increasing exposure through attracting more visits to their websites and achieve higher sales lead conversion rate, through bidding selected effective key words on different search engines. As discussed in the above paragraph, in recent years, our customers turn to choose more economic and singular marketing channel with more direct feedbacks and results, e.g. search engine marketing service, given our penetration in the advertising industry, solid partnership relations with key search engines and relative large amount of purchase, we were able to offer our customers with search engine resource at relatively lower rate compared with the market, as a result, since fiscal 2017, our revenue from distribution of right to use search engine market service provided by key search engines contributed more than 70% of our total revenues for each of our reporting period. The decrease in our revenues from this business category in the second fiscal quarter of 2019, compared with that in the second fiscal quarter of 2018 was primarily due to that as compared with the same period last year, the key suppliers of ours tightened their credit policies to us, more working capital was required for the same volume of search engine resource compared with last year, on the other hand, our collection of the accounts receivables did not improve significantly compared with previous quarters, and the profitability of our core business and working capital available during the period were limited, all of which decrease the volume of search engine resource that we purchased and redistributed to our customers during the period, as compared with the same period last year. In response, we have started to require our customers to pay more in advances, further strengthen our account receivables management and actively negotiating with our key suppliers for more favorite credit policies. We expect the decrease in revenues from this business category was temporary and the situation will improve in the second half of 2019.

Cost of revenues

Our cost of revenues consisted of costs directly related to the offering of our advertising, precision marketing and related data services, and our TV advertising service. The following table sets forth our cost of revenues, disaggregated by type of services, by amount and gross profit ratio for the periods indicated, with inter-company transactions eliminated:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019							2018
	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)
	Revenue		Cost		GP ratio			Revenue		Cost		GP ratio

-Internet advertising and data service	$	5,435		5,218		4	%	$	4,834		4,207		13	%
-Distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service		18,580		17,989		3	%		25,848		24,966		3	%
-Technical and other services		5		5		-			7		-		100	%
Internet advertising and related data services		24,020		23,212		3	%		30,689		29,173		5	%
TV advertising service		-		-		-			91		38		58	%
Total	$	24,020	$	23,212		3	%	$	30,780	$	29,211		5	%

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019							2018
	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)
	Revenue		Cost		GP ratio			Revenue		Cost		GP ratio

-Internet advertising and data service	$	3,598		3,484		3	%	$	3,115		2,732		12	%
-Distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service		11,855		11,598		2	%		19,405		18,820		3	%
-Technical and other services		-		5		-			-		-		-
Internet advertising and related data services		15,453		15,087		2	%		22,520		21,552		4	%
TV advertising service		-		-		-			-		-		-
Total	$	15,453	$	15,087		2	%	$	22,520	$	21,552		4	%

Cost of revenues: our total cost of revenues decreased to US$23.21 million and US$15.09 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, from US$29.21 million and US$21.55 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our cost of revenues primarily consists of search engine resources purchased from key search engines, cost for technical services purchased and other direct costs associated with providing the services. The decrease in our total cost of revenues for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily due to the decrease in costs associated with distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service we purchased from key search engines, which was in line with the decrease in the related revenues as discussed above, which was partially offset by an increase in cost of online advertising placements service on our own ad portals, as a result of increase in the related service revenues and cost investments to maintain customer base and competitive advantage through improve the customers’ satisfaction of its ad placements on our own ad portals during the periods.

•

Costs for internet advertising and data service were primarily consist of cost of internet traffic flow and technical services we purchased from other portals and technical suppliers for obtaining effective sales lead generation to promote business opportunity advertisements placed on our own ad portals. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, our total cost of revenues for internet advertising and data service was approximately US$5.22 million and US$3.48 million, respectively, compared with approximately US$4.21 million and US$2.73 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The gross margin rate of our internet advertising and data service revenues decreased to 4% and 3%, respectively, for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, compared with 13% and 12% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. As stated in previous quarters, the decrease in our gross margin rate of this business category was primarily due to the fact that in order to retain the customer base of our ad portals under the recent downturn economy environment in China and intense market competition in the internet ad industry with new interactive advertising channels as discussed in the revenue section above, we had to invest aggressively to obtain more valid and active sales lead generations for the improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency of ad placements for our customers.

•

Costs for search engine marketing service was direct search engine resource costs consumed for the right to use search engine marketing service we purchased from key search engines and distributed to our customers. We purchased these search engine resources from well-known search engines in China, for example, Baidu, Qihu 360 and Sohu (Sogou) etc. The purchase of the resource in relatively large amounts under our own name allowed us to get it at a relatively low rate compared to the market. We charge our clients the actual cost they consumed on search engines for the use of this service and a premium at certain percentage of that actual consumed cost. Gross margin rates of this service for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 was approximately 3% and 2%, respectively, compared with approximately 3% for both the six and three months ended June 30, 2018.

Gross Profit

As a result of the foregoing, our gross profit was approximately US$0.81 million and US$0.37 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with approximately US$1.57 million and US$0.97 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our overall gross margin decreased to 3% and 2% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with 5% and 4% for the same periods last year, respectively. The decrease in our gross profit and overall gross margin rate were primarily due to (1) the decrease in gross profit margin of our internet advertising and data service, which was 4% and 3% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with 13% and 12% for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018; and (2) the decrease in sales volume from our distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service during the second fiscal quarter of 2019, as discussed above.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses. The following tables set forth our operating expenses, divided into their major categories by amount and as a percentage of our total revenues for the periods indicated.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018
	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)
	Amount		% of total revenue			Amount		% of total revenue

Total Revenues	$	24,020		100	%	$	30,780		100	%
Gross Profit		808		3	%		1,569		5	%
Sales and marketing expenses		350		1	%		844		3	%
General and administrative expenses		2,058		9	%		2,842		9	%
Research and development expenses		360		2	%		458		1	%
Impairment on intangible assets		-		-			1,878		6	%
Impairment on goodwill		-		-			5,412		18	%
Total operating expenses	$	2,768		12	%	$	11,434		37	%

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018
	(Amounts expressed in thousands of US dollars, except percentages)
	Amount		% of total revenue			Amount		% of total revenue

Total Revenues	$	15,453		100	%	$	22,520		100	%
Gross Profit		366		2	%		968		4	%
Sales and marketing expenses		181		1	%		280		1	%
General and administrative expenses		1,248		8	%		1,478		7	%
Research and development expenses		159		1	%		240		1	%
Impairment on intangible assets		-		-			1,878		8	%
Impairment on goodwill		-		-			5,412		24	%
Total operating expenses	$	1,588		10	%	$	9,288		41	%

Operating Expenses: Our total operating expenses was approximately US$2.77 million and US$1.59 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with approximately US$11.43 million and US$9.29 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

	•	Sales and marketing expenses: Sales and marketing expenses decreased to US$0.35 million and US$0.18 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with approximately US$0.84 million and US$0.28 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising expenses for brand development that we pay to different media outlets for the promotion and marketing of our advertising web portals, other advertising and promotional expenses, staff salaries, staff benefits, performance bonuses, travelling expenses, communication expenses and other general office expenses of our sales department. Due to certain aspects of our business nature, the fluctuation of our sales and marketing expenses usually does not have a direct linear relationship with the fluctuation of our net revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the decrease in our sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to (1) the decrease in advertising expenses for our own brand development of approximately US$0.41 million; and (2) the decrease in approximately US$0.08 million staff salary and benefit expenses and other general departmental expenses, as a result of cost reduction plan executed by management. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the decrease in our sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to decrease in staff salary and benefit expenses and other general departmental expenses, as a result of cost reduction plan executed by management.

	•	General and administrative expenses: General and administrative expenses decreased to US$2.06 million and US$1.25 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with US$2.84 million and US$1.48 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our general and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries and benefits of management, accounting and administrative personnel, office rentals, depreciation of office equipment, professional service fees, maintenance, utilities and other office expenses. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the change in our general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the following reasons: (1) the decrease in general administrative expenses, such as: professional service expenses, salary and benefit expenses and other general office expenses of approximately US$0.55 million, due to cost reduction plan executed by management; (2) the decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately US$0.33 million; and (3) the increase in share-based compensation expenses of approximately US$0.10 million. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the change in our general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the following reasons: (1) the decrease in general administrative expenses, such as: professional service expenses, salary and benefit expenses and other general office expenses of approximately US$0.23 million, due to cost reduction plan executed by management; (2) the decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately US$0.05 million; and (3) the increase in share-based compensation expenses of approximately US$0.05 million.

	•	Research and development expenses: Research and development expenses was approximately US$0.36 million and US$0.16 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with approximately US$0.46 million and US$0.24 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our research and development expenses primarily consist of salaries and benefits of our research and development staff, equipment depreciation expenses, and office utilities and supplies allocated to our research and development department etc. The decrease in research and development expenses for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, compared with that in the respectively same period last year, was primarily due to the cost reduction plan executed by management.

	•	Impairment on intangible assets: For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized an approximately US$1.88 million impairment loss on intangible assets, as these intangible assets are not expected to be able to generate economic benefit for the Company in future periods.

•

Impairment on goodwill: Due to decrease in overall gross profit margin and continued operating losses incurred from our internet advertising and data services reporting unit, we performed interim goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2018. As a result, for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized an approximately US$5.41 million impairment loss on goodwill, by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value.

Loss from operations: As a result of the foregoing, we incurred a loss from operations of approximately US$1.96 million and US$9.87 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred a loss from operations of approximately US$1.22 million and US$8.32 million respectively.

Impairment on long-term investments: we recognized an approximately US$0.47 million other-than temporary impairment on our long-term investment to ChinaNet Chuang Tou for the six months ended June 30, 2018, representing the amount we expected not recoverable upon termination of the company.

Interest expense, net: For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, interest income was immaterial. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, interest expense of both approximately US$0.02 million incurred, and for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, interest expense of both approximately US$0.01 million incurred were all related to the short-term bank loans we borrowed from major financial institutions in the PRC to supplement our short-term working capital needs.

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities: we issued warrants in our Financing consummated in January 2018, which we determined that should be accounted for as derivative liabilities, as the warrants are dominated in a currency (U.S. dollar) other than our functional currency (Renminbi or Yuan). As a result, a gain of change in fair value of these warrant liabilities of approximately US$0.47 million and US$0.82 million were recorded for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared with a gain of change in fair value of approximately US$0.95 million and a loss of change in fair value of approximately US$0.53 million recorded for the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Loss before income tax (expense)/benefit and noncontrolling interests: As a result of the foregoing, our loss before income tax (expense)/benefit and noncontrolling interest was approximately US$1.52 million and US$9.44 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. our loss before income tax (expense)/benefit and noncontrolling interest was approximately US$0.42 million and US$8.86 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Income Tax (expense)/benefit: For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized an approximately US$6 thousand income tax expense in relation to utilization of previously recognized deferred tax assets by one of our PRC operating VIEs for the period. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, we reversed an approximately US$0.03 million income tax expenses in relation to utilization of previously recognized deferred tax assets by one of our PRC operating VIEs during the first fiscal quarter of 2019, due to further net loss incurred during the second fiscal quarter of 2019, which resulted in a less amount of utilization of the previously recognized deferred tax assets. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized a deferred income tax expense of approximately US$0.69 million for both periods, which was primarily related to the additional deferred tax assets valuation allowance provided during the periods.

Net loss: As a result of the foregoing, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred a total net loss of approximately US$1.52 million and US$10.12 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred a total net loss of approximately US$0.38 million and US$9.55 million, respectively.

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest: Beijing Chuang Fu Tian Xia was 51% owned by Business Opportunity Online upon incorporation until we purchased the remaining 49% equity interest in it in May 2018. In May 2018, we incorporated a new majority-owned subsidiary, Business Opportunity Chain and beneficially owned 51% equity interest in it. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2019, net loss allocated to the noncontrolling interest of Business Opportunity Chain was approximately US$5 thousand and US$3 thousand, respectively. For the six and three months ended June 30, 2018, net loss allocated to the noncontrolling interests of Beijing Chuang Fu Tian Xia and Business Opportunity Chain was approximately US$0.06 million and US$0.05 million, respectively.

Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc.: Total net loss as adjusted by net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest shareholders as discussed above yields the net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc. Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc. was US$1.52 million and US$10.07 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Net loss attributable to ChinaNet Online Holdings, Inc. was approximately US$0.38 million and US$9.50 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand and deposits held at call with banks. We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately US$1.4 million.

Our liquidity needs include (i) net cash used in operating activities that consists of (a) cash required to fund the initial build-out, continued expansion of our network and new services and (b) our working capital needs, which include deposits and advance payments for search engine resource, payment of our operating expenses and financing of our accounts receivable; and (ii) net cash used in investing activities that consist of the investment in software technologies to expand our blockchain technology related business activities, investment to enhance the functionality of our current advertising portals for providing advertising, marketing and data services and to secure the safety of our general network, and investment in other general office equipment. To date, we have financed our liquidity need primarily through proceeds we generated from financing activities.

As discussed in Note 3(b) to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect to consummate an approximately US$4.8 million PIPE transaction in August 2019.

The following table provides detailed information about our net cash flow for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
	Amounts in thousands of US dollars

Net cash used in operating activities	$	(2,325	)	$	(4,321	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(36	)		(2,825	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		-			9,306
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		23			(26	)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	(2,338	)	$	2,134

Net cash used in operating activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, our net cash used in operating activities of approximately US$2.33 million were primarily attributable to:

	(1)	net loss excluding approximately US$0.05 million of non-cash expenses of depreciation and amortizations; approximately US$0.09 million amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets; approximately US$0.20 million share-based compensation; approximately US$0.46 million allowance for doubtful accounts; approximately US$0.47 million gain from change in fair value of warrant liabilities and approximately US$0.01 million deferred tax expense, yielded the non-cash items excluded net loss of approximately US$1.18 million.

	(2)	the receipt of cash from operations from changes in operating assets and liabilities such as:

	-	advance from customers and a related party increased by approximately US$1.79 million, in the aggregate, primarily due to new advance payments received that related to unsatisfied service performance obligations during the first half of 2019, which was partially offset by recognition of revenue from opening contract liabilities during the period;

	-	due from related parties decreased by approximately US$0.23 million, primarily due to collection of US$0.2 million from an officer of our company and a portion of a related party loan of approximately US$0.03 million (Note 6);

unpaid lease payments related to a short-term lease we entered into during the second fiscal quarter of 2019 increased by approximately US$0.12 million,

	-	taxes payable increased by approximately US$0.09 million; and

	-	other current assets decreased by approximately US$0.01 million.

	(3)	offset by the use from operations from changes in operating assets and liabilities such as:

	-	accounts receivable increased by approximately US$0.87 million;

	-	accounts payable decreased by approximately US$2.15 million, due to settlement with major suppliers of search engine resource in the first half of 2019;

	-	accruals and other current liabilities decreased by approximately US$0.27 million in the aggregate, due to settlement of these operational liabilities and payment for operating lease liabilities during the first half of 2019;

	-	Prepayment and deposit to suppliers increased by approximately US$0.08 million; and

we also prepaid approximately US$0.01 million lease payment during the period.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, our net cash used in operating activities of approximately US$4.32 million were primarily attributable to:

	(1)	net loss excluding approximately US$0.43 million of non-cash expenses of depreciation and amortizations; approximately US$0.15 million share-based compensation; approximately US$0.79 million allowance for doubtful accounts; approximately US$0.47 million impairment on long-term investments; approximately US$1.88 million impairment on intangible assets; approximately US$5.41 million impairment on goodwill; approximately US$0.95 million gain from change in fair value of warrant liabilities and approximately US$0.69 million deferred tax expense, yielded the non-cash items excluded net loss of approximately US$1.25 million.

	(2)	the receipt of cash from operations from changes in operating assets and liabilities such as:

	-	deposit and prepayment to suppliers decreased by approximately US$1.50 million, primarily due to utilize the prepayments made in previous period and refund of contract deposit due to expiration/termination of supplier contracts.

	(3)	offset by the use from operations from changes in operating assets and liabilities such as:

	-	accounts receivable and due from related parties for advertising services provided increased by approximately US$0.23 million, primarily due to increase in search engine marketing and data service revenues during the period;

	-	accounts payable decreased by approximately US$1.40 million, due to subsequent settlement with the major suppliers during the period, which payments were temporarily delayed due to working capital deficit we suffered before our financing in January 2018;

	-	advance from customers decreased by approximately US$2.20 million, primarily due to recognizing revenues from beginning contract liabilities during the period;

	-	accruals and other payables decreased by approximately US$0.65 million, due to settlement of these operational liabilities after the financing in January 2018;

	-	other receivables increased by approximately US$0.02 million; and

tax payables decreased by approximately US$0.08 million.

Net cash used in investing activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we contributed our pro-rata share of cash investment of approximately US$0.04 million to an ownership investee company incorporated in October 2018, which transaction was recorded as a cash outflow from investing activities during the period.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, (1) we paid approximately US$6 thousand for the purchase of general office equipment; (2) we lent an unrelated party short-term loan of approximately US$2.0 million during the first fiscal quarter of 2018 and another unrelated entity short-term loan of approximately US$0.11 million during the second fiscal quarter of 2018; (3) we collected the approximately US$2.67 million short-term loan lent to an unrelated entity in the third quarter of 2017, and in the second fiscal quarter of 2018, we also collected the approximately US$2.0 million short-term loan lent during the first fiscal quarter of 2018; (4) we paid approximately US$1.18 million for the acquisition of the 49% noncontrolling interest in a majority-owned subsidiary of ours; and (5) we prepaid approximately US$3.75 million in the aggregate, for the development of certain blockchain technology based applications, and paid approximately US$0.45 million to settle the remaining balance of an intangible assets purchased in the four fiscal quarter of 2016. In the aggregate, these transactions resulted in a net cash outflow from investing activities of approximately US$2.83 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Net cash provided by financing activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we repaid approximately US$0.44 million short-term bank loan matured in the first fiscal quarter of 2019, which we re-borrowed with the same amount during the same period.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, (1) we consummated a registered direct offering of 2,150,001 shares of our common stock to certain institutional investors at a purchase price of $5.15 per share. We received net proceeds of approximately $10.26 million, after deduction of approximately US$0.81 million direct financing cost paid in cash; and (2) Due to termination of security purchase agreements in May 2016, we repaid our previous investors in the aggregate of approximately US$0.96 million guarantee payment and prepayment received upon entering the agreements during the first half of 2018. In the aggregate, these transactions resulted in a net cash inflow from financing activities of approximately US$9.31 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Restricted Net Assets

As all of our operations are conducted through our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs, our ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on receiving distributions of funds from our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs. Relevant PRC statutory laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations and after it has met the PRC requirements for appropriation to statutory reserves. Paid in capital of the PRC subsidiaries and VIEs included in our consolidated net assets are also not distributable for dividend purposes.

In accordance with the PRC regulations on Enterprises with Foreign Investment, a WFOE established in the PRC is required to provide certain statutory reserves, namely general reserve fund, the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund which are appropriated from net profit as reported in the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A WFOE is required to allocate at least 10% of its annual after-tax profit to the general reserve until such reserve has reached 50% of its registered capital based on the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the board of directors. The aforementioned reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends. Rise King WFOE is subject to the above mandated restrictions on distributable profits. Additionally, in accordance with the Company Law of the PRC, a domestic enterprise is required to provide a statutory common reserve of at least 10% of its annual after-tax profit until such reserve has reached 50% of its registered capital based on the enterprise’s PRC statutory accounts. A domestic enterprise is also required to provide for a discretionary surplus reserve, at the discretion of the board of directors. The aforementioned reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable as cash dividends. All of our other PRC subsidiaries and PRC VIEs are subject to the above mandated restrictions on distributable profits.

As a result of these PRC laws and regulations, our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to us. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, net assets restricted in the aggregate, which includes paid-in capital and statutory reserve funds of our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs that are included in our consolidated net assets were both approximately US$12.0 million.

The current PRC Enterprise Income Tax (“EIT”) Law also imposed a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by a foreign invested enterprise to its immediate holding company outside China, which were exempted under the previous EIT law. A lower withholding tax rate will be applied if there is a tax treaty arrangement between mainland China and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. Holding companies in Hong Kong, for example, will be subject to a 5% rate, subject to approval from the related PRC tax authorities.

The ability of our PRC subsidiaries to make dividends and other payments to us may also be restricted by changes in applicable foreign exchange and other laws and regulations.

Foreign currency exchange regulation in China is primarily governed by the following rules:

	•	Foreign Exchange Administration Rules (1996), as amended in August 2008, or the Exchange Rules;

•

Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), or the Administration Rules.

Although the current Exchange Rules allow the convertibility of Renminbi into foreign currency for current account items, conversion of Renminbi into foreign exchange for capital items, such as foreign direct investment, loans or securities, requires the approval of SAFE, which is under the authority of the People’s Bank of China. These approvals, however, do not guarantee the availability of foreign currency conversion. We cannot be sure that it will be able to obtain all required conversion approvals for our operations or the Chinese regulatory authorities will not impose greater restrictions on the convertibility of Renminbi in the future. Currently, most of our retained earnings are generated in Renminbi. Any future restrictions on currency exchanges may limit our ability to use retained earnings generated in Renminbi to make dividends or other payments in U.S. dollars or fund possible business activities outside China.

C. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

None.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal accounting and financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that during the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

On July 8, 2019, Zhige Zhang resigned as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Zhang’s resignation did not result from any disagreement with the Company. On that same day, Mark Li was appointed as the Company’s new Chief Financial Officer. Other than this change, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the second fiscal quarter of 2019 covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are currently not a party to any legal or administrative proceedings and are not aware of any pending or threatened legal or administrative proceedings against us in all material aspects. We may from time to time become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

This information has been omitted based on the Company’s status as a smaller reporting company.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index below are provided as part of this report.

Exhibit No.		Document Description
31.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of the Principal Accounting and Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer and of the Principal Accounting and Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).

101		Interactive Data Files

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	CHINANET ONLINE HOLDINGS, INC.


Date: August 19, 2019	By:	/s/ Handong Cheng
		Name: Handong Cheng
		Title: Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

	By:	/s/ Mark Li
		Name: Mark Li
		Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)