ACRES Commercial Realty Corp. - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
(Mark
One)
x ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
OR
o TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the
transition period from _________ to __________
Commission
file number: 1-32733
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland |
20-2287134
|
|
(State
or other jurisdiction
of
incorporation or organization)
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
Identification
No.)
|
|
712
5th
Avenue, 10th
Floor
New York,
NY
|
10019
|
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
|
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: 212-506-3870
|
|
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
|
Title of each class
|
Name of each exchange on which
registered
|
|
Common
Stock, $.001 par value
|
New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE)
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ¨ Yes x No
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. ¨ Yes x No
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. x
Yes ¨
No
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not
be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”
“accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one).
Large accelerated filer ¨
|
Accelerated
filer x
|
Non-accelerated filer
¨
|
Smaller reporting
company ¨
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act). ¨ Yes x No
The
aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the
registrant, based on the closing price of such stock on the last business day of
the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2007)
was approximately $258,130,718.
The
number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock on March 10, 2008
was 25,264,793 shares.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
[None]
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
ON
FORM 10-K
Page
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PART
I
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PART
II
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80
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PART
III
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PART
IV
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This report contains certain
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations,
beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends
and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical
facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by
terms such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expects,” “intend,”
“may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” “will” and “would” or the
negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.
Forward-looking statements contained in
this report are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future
performance, taking into account all information currently available to
us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a
result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us or
are within our control. If a change occurs, our business, financial
condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those
expressed in our forward-looking statements. Forward-looking
statements we make in this report are subject to various risks and uncertainties
that could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements,
including:
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·
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the
factors described in this report, including those set forth under the
sections captioned “Risk Factors” and
“Business;”
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·
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changes
in our industry, interest rates, the debt securities markets, real estate
markets or the general economy;
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·
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increased
rates of default and/or decreased recovery rates on our
investments;
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·
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availability,
terms and deployment of capital;
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·
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availability
of qualified personnel;
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·
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changes
in governmental regulations, tax rates and similar
matters;
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·
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changes
in our business strategy;
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·
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availability
of investment opportunities in commercial real estate-related and
commercial finance assets;
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·
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the
degree and nature of our
competition;
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·
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the
adequacy of our cash reserves and working capital;
and
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·
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the
timing of cash flows, if any, from our
investments.
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We caution you not to place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date of
this report. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking
statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly
qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred
to in this section. Except to the extent required by applicable law
or regulation, we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking
statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this filing or
to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
PART
I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
We are a specialty finance company that
focuses primarily on commercial real estate and commercial
finance. We are organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a
real estate investment trust, or REIT, for federal income tax
purposes. Our objective is to provide our stockholders with total
returns over time, including quarterly distributions and capital appreciation,
while seeking to manage the risks associated with our investment
strategy. We invest in a combination of commercial real estate debt
and other real estate-related assets and, to a lesser extent, higher-yielding
commercial finance assets. We finance a substantial portion of our
portfolio investments through borrowing strategies seeking to match the
maturities and repricing dates of our financings with the maturities and
repricing dates of those investments, and to mitigate interest rate risk through
derivative instruments.
We are externally managed by Resource
Capital Manager, Inc., which we refer to as the Manager, a wholly-owned indirect
subsidiary of Resource America, Inc. (Nasdaq: REXI), a specialized asset
management company that uses industry specific expertise to generate and
administer investment opportunities for its own account and for outside
investors in the commercial finance, real estate, and financial fund management
sectors. As of December 31, 2007, Resource America managed
approximately $17.9 billion of assets in these sectors. To provide
its services, the Manager draws upon Resource America, its management team and
their collective investment experience.
Our investments target the following
asset classes:
Asset
Class
|
Principal
Investments
|
|||
Commercial
real estate-related assets
|
·
First mortgage loans, which we refer to as whole loans
·
First priority interests in first mortgage real estate loans, which
we refer to as A notes
·
Subordinated interests in first mortgage real estate loans, which
we refer to as B notes
·
Mezzanine debt related to commercial real estate that is senior to
the borrower’s equity position but subordinated to other third-party
financing
·
Commercial mortgage-backed securities, which we refer to as
CMBS
|
|||
Commercial
finance assets
|
·
Senior secured corporate loans, which we refer to as bank
loans
·
Other asset-backed securities, which we refer to as other ABS,
backed principally by small business and bank loans and, to a lesser
extent, by consumer receivables
·
Equipment leases and notes, principally small- and middle-ticket
commercial direct financing leases and notes
·
Trust preferred securities of financial institutions
·
Debt tranches of collateralized debt obligations, which we refer to
as CDOs
·
Private equity investments, principally issued by financial
institutions
|
|||
Residential
real estate-related assets
|
·
Residential mortgage-backed securities, which we refer to as
ABS-RMBS
|
Beginning in the second half of 2007,
there have been unprecedented disruptions in the credit markets, abrupt and
significant devaluations of assets directly or indirectly linked to the U.S.
real estate finance markets, and the attendant removal of liquidity, both long
and short term, from the capital markets. These conditions have had,
and we expect will continue to have, an adverse effect on us and companies we
finance. During the second half of 2007, we recorded material asset
impairments of $26.3 million on our ABS-RMBS portfolio due primarily to credit
defaults.
The events occurring in the credit
markets have impacted our financing strategies. The market for
securities issued by securitizations collateralized by assets similar to those
in our investment portfolio has contracted severely. While we were
able to sponsor two new securitizations in 2007, we expect our ability to
sponsor new securitizations will be limited for the foreseeable
future. Short-term financing through warehouse lines of credit and
repurchase agreements has become less available and reliable as increasing
volatility in the valuation of assets similar to those we originate has
increased the risk of margin calls. These events have impacted (and
we expect will continue to impact) our ability to finance our business on a
long-term, match-funded basis and may impede our ability to originate loans and
securities.
Beginning in the second half of 2007,
we have focused on managing our exposure to liquidity risks primarily by
reducing our exposure to possible margin calls under repurchase agreements and
seeking to conserve our liquidity. We have continued to manage our
liquidity and originate new assets primarily through capital recycling as
payoffs occur and through existing capacities within our completed
securitizations. While we recorded asset impairments as a result of
the developments in the capital markets resulting in our reduced GAAP net income
during 2007, we declared common dividends of $1.62 per share on estimated REIT
taxable income of $1.70 per share.
We
calculate our distributions to our shareholders based on our estimate of our
REIT taxable income, which may vary from our net income calculated in accordance
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. We expect that our
REIT taxable income will be comprised primarily of our net investment income and
our fee income. We expect that our REIT taxable income will be
greater than our GAAP net income primarily because of asset impairments,
provisions for loan and lease losses until realized for tax purposes, net book
to tax adjustments for our taxable foreign REIT subsidiaries and fee income
received by our taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs, that is dividended to us is
included in our REIT taxable income but deferred or eliminated for
GAAP. For further discussion, see “Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Our
Business Strategy
The core components and values of our
business strategy are described below.
Disciplined
credit underwriting and active risk management. The core of our
investment process is credit analysis and active risk
management. Senior management of our Manager and Resource America has
extensive experience in underwriting the credit risk associated with our
targeted asset classes, and conducts detailed due diligence on all
credit-sensitive investments, including the use of proprietary credit
stratifications and collateral stresses. After making an investment,
the Manager and Resource America engage in active monitoring of our investments
for early detection of troubled and deteriorating securities. If a
default occurs, we will use our senior management team’s asset management skills
to mitigate the severity of any losses, and we will seek to optimize the
recovery from assets if we foreclose upon them.
Investment in
higher-yielding assets. Our portfolio is,
and we expect will continue to be substantially comprised of assets such as
commercial real estate whole loans, B notes, mezzanine debt, CMBS rated below
AAA by Standard & Poors, or S&P, commercial finance assets, including
bank loans that generally have higher-yields than more senior or more
highly-rated obligations and to a lesser extent, direct financing leases and
notes and when appropriate, ABS-RMBS. In line with this strategy, our
equity at December 31, 2007 was invested 74.9% in commercial real estate loans,
24.1% in commercial bank loans and 1% in direct financing lease and
notes.
Diversification
of investments. We invest in a
diversified portfolio of real estate debt and other real estate-related assets,
and commercial finance assets and seek to continually allocate our capital to
the most attractive sectors. Our objective is to enhance the returns
we will be able to achieve, while reducing the overall risk of our portfolio
through the autonomous nature of these various asset classes. The
percentage of assets that we may invest in certain of our targeted asset classes
is subject to the federal income tax requirements for REIT qualification and the
requirements for exclusion from Investment Company Act regulation.
Use of leverage. Subject to market
conditions and credit availability, we seek to use leverage to increase the
potential returns to our stockholders and to achieve leverage consistent with
our analysis of the risk profile of the investments we finance and the borrowing
sources available to us. We generate our income primarily from the
net spread between the interest income we earn on our investment portfolio and
the cost of our borrowings and hedging activities. Leverage can
enhance returns but also magnifies losses.
Active management
of interest rate risk and liquidity risk. Historically, we
have sought to finance a substantial portion of our portfolio investments on a
long-term basis through borrowing strategies that seek to match the maturity and
repricing dates of our investments with the maturities and repricing dates of
our financing. We believe that these strategies have allowed us to
mitigate our interest rate risk and liquidity risk, resulting in more stable and
predictable cash flows. Depending upon market conditions and credit
availability, we will seek to continue these
strategies. Historically, we have used CDOs structured for us by the
Manager to provide long-term match funding for our investments, and will seek to
continue to do so if market conditions permit. We typically retain
the equity portion of the CDO and may retain one or more series of the
subordinated obligations issued by the CDO. We also use derivative
instruments such as interest rate swaps and interest rate caps to hedge the
borrowings we use to finance our assets on a short-term basis.
Our
Operating Policies and Strategies
Investment
guidelines. We have established investment policies,
procedures and guidelines that are reviewed and approved by our investment
committee and board of directors. The investment committee meets
regularly to monitor the execution of our investment strategies and our progress
in achieving our investment objectives. As a result of our investment
strategies and targeted asset classes, we acquire our investments primarily for
income. We do not have a policy that requires us to focus our
investments in one or more particular geographic areas.
Financing
policies. We use leverage in order to increase potential
returns to our stockholders and for financing our portfolio. We do
not speculate on changes in interest rates. While we have identified
our leverage targets for each of our targeted asset classes, our investment
policies require no minimum or maximum leverage and our investment committee
will have the discretion, without the need for further approval by our board of
directors, to increase the amount of leverage we incur above our targeted range
for individual asset classes.
We have historically used borrowing and
securitization strategies, substantially through CDOs, to accomplish our
long-term match funding, financing strategy and, depending upon market
conditions, expect to seek to do so in the future. However, the
developments in the credit markets, particularly during the second half of 2007,
have significantly limited our ability to execute our long term financing
strategy. In the foreseeable future, we will seek to finance our
investments through investing restricted cash and reinvesting loan repayments
received under our current securitized financings, joint venture opportunities
and to a lesser extent, bank lines of credit and other methods that preserve our
capital.
Hedging and
interest rate management strategy. We use derivative financial
instruments to hedge all or a portion of the interest rate risk associated with
our borrowings. Under the federal income tax laws applicable to
REITs, we generally will be able to enter into certain transactions to hedge
indebtedness that we may incur, or plan to incur, to acquire or carry real
estate assets, provided that our total gross income from such hedges and other
non-qualifying sources must not exceed 25% of our total gross
income. These hedging transactions may include interest rate swaps,
collars, caps or floors, puts and calls and options.
Credit and risk
management policies. Our Manager focuses its attention on
credit and risk assessment from the earliest stage of the investment selection
process. In addition, the Manager screens and monitors all potential
investments to determine their impact on maintaining our REIT qualification
under federal income tax laws and our exclusion from investment company status
under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Risks related to portfolio
management, including the management of risks related to credit losses, interest
rate volatility, liquidity and counterparty credit are generally managed on a
portfolio-by-portfolio basis by each of Resource America’s asset management
divisions, although there is often interaction and cooperation between divisions
in this process.
Our
Investment Strategy
The following table describes certain
characteristics of our commercial real estate loans, bank loans, CMBS, other ABS
and equipment leases and notes as of December 31, 2007 (dollars in
thousands):
Amortized
cost
|
Estimated
fair
value (1)
|
Percent
of
portfolio
|
Weighted
average
coupon
|
|||||||||||||
Loans
Held for Investment
|
||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate
loans
|
||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine
loans
|
$ | 223,162 | $ | 221,555 |
11.8%
|
7.80%
|
||||||||||
B notes
|
89,577 | 89,353 |
4.8%
|
7.67%
|
||||||||||||
Whole loans
|
528,718 | 527,396 |
28.1%
|
7.99%
|
||||||||||||
Bank loans
|
931,101 | 874,736 |
46.7%
|
7.24%
|
||||||||||||
1,772,558 | 1,713,040 |
91.4%
|
||||||||||||||
Investments
in Available-for-Sale Securities
|
||||||||||||||||
CMBS
|
82,373 | 64,564 |
3.4%
|
6.03%
|
||||||||||||
Other ABS
|
5,665 | 900 |
0.1%
|
6.33%
|
||||||||||||
88,038 | 65,464 |
3.5%
|
||||||||||||||
Investments
in direct financing leases and notes
|
95,323 | 95,030 |
5.1%
|
9.43%
|
||||||||||||
Total portfolio/weighted
average
|
$ | 1,955,919 | $ | 1,873,534 |
100.0%
|
7.58%
|
(1)
|
The
fair value of our investments represents our management’s estimate of the
price that a willing buyer would pay a willing seller for such
assets. Management bases this estimate on the underlying
interest rates and credit spreads for fixed-rate securities and, to the
extent available, quoted market
prices.
|
Commercial
Real Estate-Related Investments
Whole
loans. We originate first mortgage loans, or whole loans,
directly to borrowers. The direct origination of whole loans enable
us to better control the structure of the loans and to maintain direct lending
relationships with the borrowers. We may create senior tranches of a
loan, consisting of an A note (described below), B notes (described below),
mezzanine loans or other participations, which we may hold or sell to third
parties. We do not expect to obtain ratings on these investments
unless we are able to aggregate and finance them through a securitization
transaction. We expect our whole loan investments to have loan to
value, or LTV, ratios of up to 85%. We expect to hold our whole loan
investments to their maturity.
Senior interests
in whole loans (A notes). We invest in
senior interests in whole loans, referred to as A notes, either directly
originated or purchased from third parties. A notes are loans that,
generally, consist of senior participations in, or a senior tranche within a
first mortgage. We do not expect to obtain ratings on these
investments unless we are able to aggregate and finance them through a
securitization transaction. We expect our A note investments to have
LTV ratios of up to 70%. We expect to hold our A note investments to
their maturity.
Subordinate
interests in whole loans (B notes). We invest in
subordinate interests in whole loans, referred to as B notes, which we either
directly originate or purchase from third parties. B notes are loans
secured by a first mortgage and subordinated to an A note. The
subordination of a B note is generally evidenced by an intercreditor or
participation agreement between the holders of the A note and the B
note. In some instances, the B note lender may require a security
interest in the stock or partnership interests of the borrower as part of the
transaction. B note lenders have the same obligations, collateral and
borrower as the A note lender, but typically are subordinated in recovery upon a
default. B notes share certain credit characteristics with second
mortgages in that both are subject to greater credit risk with respect to the
underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding first mortgage or A
note. We do not expect to obtain ratings on these investments unless
we are able to aggregate and finance them through a securitization
transaction. We expect our B note investments to have LTV ratios of
between 55% and 80%. Typical B note investments will have terms of
three years to five years, and are generally structured with an original term of
up to three years, with one year extensions that bring the loan to a maximum
term of five years. We expect to hold our B note investments to their
maturity.
In addition to the interest payable on
the B note, we may earn fees charged to the borrower under the note or
additional income by receiving principal payments in excess of the discounted
price (below par value) we paid to acquire the note. Our ownership of
a B note with controlling class rights may, in the event the financing fails to
perform according to its terms, cause us to elect to pursue our remedies as
owner of the B note, which may include foreclosure on, or modification of, the
note. In some cases, the owner of the A note may be able to foreclose
or modify the note against our wishes as owner of the B note. As a
result, our economic and business interests may diverge from the interests of
the owner of the A note.
Mezzanine
financing. We invest in
mezzanine loans that are senior to the borrower’s equity in, and subordinate to
a first mortgage loan on, a property. These loans are secured by
pledges of ownership interests, in whole or in part, in entities that directly
own the real property. In addition, we may require other collateral
to secure mezzanine loans, including letters of credit, personal guarantees of
the principals of the borrower, or collateral unrelated to the
property. We may structure our mezzanine loans so that we receive a
stated fixed or variable interest rate on the loan as well as a percentage of
gross revenues and a percentage of the increase in the fair market value of the
property securing the loan, payable upon maturity, refinancing or sale of the
property. Our mezzanine loans may also have prepayment lockouts,
penalties, minimum profit hurdles and other mechanisms to protect and enhance
returns in the event of premature repayment. We expect our mezzanine
investments to have LTV ratios between 65% and 90%. We expect the
stated maturity of our mezzanine financings to range from three to five
years. Mezzanine loans may have maturities that match the maturity of
the related mortgage loan but may have shorter or longer terms. We
expect to hold these investments to maturity.
The following charts describe the loan
type, property type and the geographic breakdown of our commercial real estate
loan as of December 31, 2007 (based on par value):
Loan
Type
Property
Type
Geographic
by State
As these charts demonstrate, our
portfolio contains a diversified mix of property types with 90% of the portfolio
focus on four types, Multifamily 30%, Office 24%, Hotel 24% and Retail
16%.
Our geographic mix includes
approximately 41% in California, which we split into Southern (23%) and Northern
(19%) regions. Within the Southern region, we have 86% of our
portfolio in whole loans with 83% on four property types, Hotel 31%, Office 24%,
Multifamily 17%, and Retail 11%. Within the Northern region, we have
88% of our portfolio in whole loans with 88% on two property types, Multifamily
72% and Retail 16%. As noted in these statistics, this portfolio is
made up primarily of whole loans where we are able to better control the
structure of the loan and maintain a direct lending relationship with the
borrower. We view the investment and credit strategy as being
adequately diversified across property type and loan type across both the
Southern and Northern California regions.
CMBS. We invest in
CMBS, which are securities that are secured by or evidence interests in a pool
of mortgage loans secured by commercial properties. These securities
may be senior or subordinate and may be either investment grade or
non-investment grade. We expect that the majority of our CMBS
investments will be rated by at least one nationally recognized rating
agency.
The yields on CMBS depend on the timely
payment of interest and principal due on the underlying mortgage loans and
defaults by the borrowers on such loans may ultimately result in deficiencies
and defaults on the CMBS. In the event of a default, the trustee for
the benefit of the holders of CMBS has recourse only to the underlying pool of
mortgage loans and, if a loan is in default, to the mortgaged property securing
such mortgage loan. After the trustee has exercised all of the rights
of a lender under a defaulted mortgage loan and the related mortgaged property
has been liquidated, no further remedy will be available. However,
holders of relatively senior classes of CMBS will be protected to a certain
degree by the structural features of the securitization transaction within which
such CMBS were issued, such as the subordination of the relatively more junior
classes of the CMBS.
Residential
Real Estate-Related Investments
Historically, we had invested in agency
RMBS and non-agency ABS-RMBS portfolios. We sold our agency RMBS
portfolio in September 2006. We sold 10% of the equity invested in an
ABS-RMBS portfolio in November 2007 and wrote down the investment materially in
September 2007. As a result of the sale, we deconsolidated the
portfolio in the quarter ended December 31, 2007 at which time our remaining
investment was $257,000. We do not anticipate investing in agency
RMBS or non-agency RMBS for the foreseeable future.
Commercial
Finance Investments
Subject to limitations imposed by REIT
qualification standards and requirements for exclusion from regulation under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, which we refer to as the Investment Company Act,
we may invest in the following commercial finance assets:
Bank
loans. We acquire senior
and subordinated, secured and unsecured loans made by banks or other financial
entities. Bank loans may also include revolving credit facilities,
under which the lender is obligated to advance funds to the borrower under the
credit facility as requested by the borrower from time to time. We
expect that some amount of these loans will be secured by mortgages and liens on
the assets of the borrowers. Certain of these loans may have an
interest-only payment schedule, with the principal amount remaining outstanding
and at risk until the maturity of the loan. These loans may include
restrictive financial and operating covenants. We also have invested,
to a lesser extent, in bonds which pay holders a coupon periodically until
maturity of the bonds, when the face value is due.
The following
chart describes the industry breakdown of our bank loans as of December 31, 2007
(based on par value):
Bank
Loans by Industry
(1)
|
All
other is made up of the following industries (by
percentage):
|
Building
and real estate
|
3.29%
|
|
Personal,
food and miscellaneous services
|
2.98%
|
|
Automobile
|
2.63%
|
|
Finance
|
2.57%
|
|
Leisure,
amusement, motion pictures, entertainment
|
2.45%
|
|
Containers,
packaging and glass
|
2.22%
|
|
Aerospace
and defense
|
2.14%
|
|
Personal
and non durable consumer products (mfg. only)
|
2.07%
|
|
CDO
|
2.03%
|
|
Ecological
|
1.97%
|
|
Textiles
and leather
|
0.88%
|
|
Personal
and nondurable consumer products
|
0.87%
|
|
Electronics
|
0.72%
|
|
Personal
transportation
|
0.64%
|
|
Cargo
transport
|
0.45%
|
|
Farming
and agriculture
|
0.36%
|
|
Insurance
|
0.34%
|
|
Machinery
(non-agriculture, non-construction, non-electronic)
|
0.33%
|
|
Packaging
and forest products
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0.28%
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Home
and office furnishings, housewares and durable consumer
products
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0.23%
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Mining,
steel, iron and non-precious metals
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0.21%
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Diversified
natural resource, precious metals and minerals
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0.09%
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Equipment leases
and notes. We invest in
small- and middle-ticket full payout equipment leases and
notes. Under full payout leases and notes, the payments we receive
over the term of the financing will return our invested capital plus an
appropriate return without consideration of the value of the leased equipment at
the end of the lease or note term, known as the residual, and the obligor will
acquire the equipment at the end of the payment term. We focus on
equipment and other assets that are essential for businesses to conduct their
operations so that end users will be highly motivated to make required monthly
payments. We focus on equipment in the following areas:
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general
office equipment, such as office machinery, furniture and telephone and
computer systems;
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medical
and dental practices and equipment for diagnostic and treatment
use;
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energy
and climate control systems;
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industrial
equipment, including manufacturing, material handling and electronic
diagnostic systems; and
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agricultural
equipment and facilities.
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The following charts describe the
industry and the geographic breakdown of our equipment leases and notes as of
December 31, 2007 (based on par value):
Equipment
Lease and Notes by Industry
Geographic
by State
Trust preferred
securities and other ABS. We have one
investment (less than 0.1% of our total assets) in trust preferred
securities. Trust preferred securities are issued by a special
purpose trust that holds a subordinated debenture or other debt obligation
issued by a company to the trust. We hold the equity interest in the
trust, with the preferred securities of the trust being sold to
investors. The trust invests the proceeds of the preferred securities
in the sponsoring company through the purchase of the debenture issued by
us. Issuers of trust preferred securities are generally affiliated
with financial institutions because, under current regulatory and tax
structures, unlike the proceeds from debt securities the proceeds from trust
preferred securities may be treated as primary regulatory capital by the
financial institution, while it may deduct the interest it pays on the debt
obligation held by the trust from its income for federal income tax
purposes.
We may invest in other ABS other than
trust preferred securities, principally CDOs backed by small business loans and
trust preferred securities of financial institutions such as banks, savings and
thrift institutions, insurance companies, holding companies for these
institutions and REITs. As with CDOs collateralized by ABS-RMBS and
CMBS, discussed above, we may invest in either the equity or debt tranches of
the CDOs.
Competition
See “Risk Factors” - “Risks Relating to
Our Business”
Management
Agreement
We have a management agreement with the
Manager and Resource America under which the Manager provides the day-to-day
management of our operations. The management
agreement requires the Manager to manage our business affairs in conformity with
the policies and the investment guidelines established by our board of
directors. The Manager’s role as manager is under the supervision and
direction of our board of directors. The Manager is responsible for
the selection, purchase and sale of our portfolio investments, our financing
activities, and providing us with investment advisory services. The
Manager receives fees and is reimbursed for its expenses as
follows:
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A
monthly base management fee equal to 1/12th of the amount of our equity
multiplied by 1.50%. Under the management agreement, ‘‘equity’’
is equal to the net proceeds from any issuance of shares of common stock
less offering related costs, plus or minus our retained earnings
(excluding non-cash equity compensation incurred in current or prior
periods) less any amounts we have paid for common stock
repurchases. The calculation is adjusted for one-time events
due to changes in generally accepted accounting principles in the United
States, which we refer to as GAAP, as well as other non-cash charges, upon
approval of our independent
directors.
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Incentive
compensation based on the product of (i) 25% of the dollar amount by
which, (A) our net income (determined in accordance with GAAP) per common
share (before non-cash equity compensation expense and incentive
compensation), but after the base management fee, for a quarter (based on
the weighted average number of shares outstanding) exceeds, (B) an amount
equal to (1) the weighted average share price of shares of common stock in
our offerings, multiplied by, (2) the greater of (a) 2.00% or (b) 0.50%
plus one-fourth of the Ten Year Treasury rate (as defined in the
management agreement) for such quarter, multiplied by, (ii) the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding for the
quarter. The calculation may be adjusted for one-time events
due to changes in GAAP as well as other non-cash charges upon approval of
our independent directors.
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Reimbursement
of out-of-pocket expenses and certain other costs incurred by the Manager
that relate directly to us and our
operations.
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Incentive compensation will be paid
quarterly. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the incentive compensation
will be paid in cash and at least twenty-five percent (25%) will be paid in the
form of a stock award. The Manager may elect to receive more than 25%
of its incentive compensation in stock. All shares are fully vested
upon issuance. However, the Manager may not sell such shares for one
year after the incentive compensation becomes due and payable unless the
management agreement is terminated. Shares payable as incentive
compensation are valued as follows:
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if
such shares are traded on a securities exchange, at the average of the
closing prices of the shares on such exchange over the thirty day period
ending three days prior to the issuance of such
shares;
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if
such shares are actively traded over-the-counter, at the average of the
closing bid or sales price as applicable over the thirty day period ending
three days prior to the issuance of such shares;
and
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if
there is no active market for such shares, at the fair market value as
reasonably determined in good faith by our board of
directors.
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The
initial term of the management agreement expires on March 31, 2008 and will be
automatically renewed for a one-year term on that date and each anniversary date
thereafter. Our board of directors will review the Manager’s
performance annually. After the initial term, the management
agreement may be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote of at least
two-thirds of our independent directors, or by the affirmative vote of the
holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock,
based upon unsatisfactory performance that is materially detrimental to us or a
determination by our independent directors that the management fees payable to
the Manager are not fair, subject to the Manager’s right to prevent such a
compensation termination by accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of
management fees. Our board of directors must provide 180 days’ prior notice of
any such termination. The Manager will be paid a termination fee
equal to four times the sum of the average annual base management fee and the
average annual incentive compensation earned by the Manager during the two
12-month periods immediately preceding the date of termination, calculated as of
the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter before the date of
termination.
We may
also terminate the management agreement for cause with 30 days’ prior written
notice from our board of directors. No termination fee is payable
with respect to a termination for cause. The management agreement
defines cause as:
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the
Manager’s continued material breach of any provision of the management
agreement following a period of 30 days after written notice
thereof;
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the
Manager’s fraud, misappropriation of funds, or embezzlement against
us;
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the
Manager’s gross negligence in the performance of its duties under the
management agreement;
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the
bankruptcy or insolvency of the Manager, or the filing of a voluntary
bankruptcy petition by the Manager;
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the
dissolution of the Manager; and
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a
change of control (as defined in the management agreement) of the Manager
if a majority of our independent directors determines, at any point during
the 18 months following the change of control, that the change of control
was detrimental to the ability of the Manager to perform its duties in
substantially the same manner conducted before the change of
control.
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Cause
does not include unsatisfactory performance that is materially detrimental to
our business.
The
management agreement will terminate at the Manager’s option, without payment of
the termination fee, in the event we become regulated as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act, with such termination deemed to occur
immediately before such event.
Regulatory
Aspects of Our Investment Strategy: Exclusion from Regulation Under
the Investment Company Act.
We operate our business so as to be
excluded from regulation under the Investment Company Act. Because we
conduct our business through wholly-owned subsidiaries, we must ensure not only
that we qualify for an exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company
Act, but also that each of our subsidiaries so qualifies.
We believe that RCC Real Estate, Inc.,
the subsidiary that as of December 31, 2007 held all of our commercial real
estate loan assets, is excluded from Investment Company Act regulation under
Sections 3(c)(5)(C) and 3(c)(6), provisions designed for companies that do
not issue redeemable securities and are primarily engaged in the business of
purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in
real estate. To qualify for this exclusion, at least 55% of RCC Real
Estate’s assets must consist of mortgage loans and other assets that are
considered the functional equivalent of mortgage loans for purposes of the
Investment Company Act, which we refer to as “qualifying real estate
assets.” Moreover, 80% of RCC Real Estate’s assets must consist of
qualifying real estate assets and other real estate-related
assets. RCC Real Estate has not issued, and does not intend to issue,
redeemable securities.
We consider whole pool certificates to
be qualifying real estate assets. A whole pool certificate is a
certificate that represents the entire beneficial interest in an underlying pool
of mortgage loans. By contrast, a certificate that represents less
than the entire beneficial interest in the underlying mortgage loans is not
considered to be a qualifying real estate asset for purposes of the 55% test,
but constitutes a real estate-related asset for purposes of the 80%
test.
We treat our investments in whole
loans, specific types of B notes and specific types of mezzanine loans as
qualifying real estate assets for purposes of determining our eligibility for
the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) to the extent such treatment
is consistent with guidance provided by the SEC or its staff. We believe that
SEC staff guidance allows us to treat B notes as qualifying real estate assets
where we have unilateral rights to instruct the servicer to foreclose upon a
defaulted mortgage loan, replace the servicer in the event the servicer, in its
discretion, elects not to foreclose on such a loan, and purchase the A note in
the event of a default on the mortgage loan. We believe, based upon
an analysis of existing SEC staff guidance, that we may treat mezzanine loans as
qualifying real estate assets where (i) the borrower is a special purpose
bankruptcy remote entity whose sole purpose is to hold all of the ownership
interests in another special purpose entity that owns commercial real property,
(ii) both entities are organized as limited liability companies or limited
partnerships, (iii) under their organizational documents and the loan
documents, neither entity may engage in any other business, (iv) the
ownership interests of either entity have no value apart from the underlying
real property which is essentially the only asset held by the property-owning
entity, (v) the value of the underlying property in excess of the amount of
senior obligations is in excess of the amount of the mezzanine loan,
(vi) the borrower pledges its entire interest in the property-owning entity
to the lender which obtains a perfected security interest in the collateral, and
(vii) the relative rights and priorities between the mezzanine lender and
the senior lenders with respect to claims on the underlying property is set
forth in an intercreditor agreement between the parties which gives the
mezzanine lender certain cure and purchase rights in case there is a default on
the senior loan. If the SEC staff provides guidance that these
investments are not qualifying real estate assets, we will treat them, for
purposes of determining our eligibility for the exclusion provided by
Section 3(c)(5)(C), as real estate-related assets or miscellaneous assets,
as appropriate. We do not expect that investments in non-whole pool
loans, CDOs, other ABS, bank loans, equipment leases and notes, trust preferred
securities and private equity will constitute qualifying real estate
assets. Moreover, to the extent that these investments are not backed
by mortgage loans or other interests in real estate, they will not constitute
real estate-related assets. Instead, they will constitute
miscellaneous assets, which can constitute no more than 20% of RCC Real Estate’s
assets.
To the extent RCC Real Estate holds its
commercial real estate loan assets through wholly-owned CDO subsidiaries, RCC
Real Estate also intends to conduct its operations so that it will not come
within the definition of an investment company set forth in Section 3(a)(1)(C)
of the Investment Company Act because less than 40% of the value of its total
assets on an unconsolidated basis will consist of “investment securities,” which
we refer to as the 40% test. “Investment securities” exclude U.S.
government securities and securities of majority-owned subsidiaries that are not
themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the
definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or
Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Certain of the
wholly-owned CDO subsidiaries of RCC Real Estate intend to rely on
Section 3(c)(5)(C) for their Investment Company Act exemption, with the
result that RCC Real Estate’s interest in the CDO subsidiaries would not
constitute “investment securities” for the purpose of the 40% test.
We do not expect that our other
subsidiaries, RCC Commercial, Inc. and Resource TRS, Inc. will qualify for the
Section 3(c)(5)(C) exclusion. However, we do expect them to
qualify for another exclusion under either Section 3(c)(1) or
3(c)(7). As required by these exclusions, we will not allow either
entity to make, or propose to make, a public offering of its securities, and we
will require that each owner of securities issued by those entities be a
“qualified purchaser” so that those entities are not investment companies
subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act. If we form
other subsidiaries, we must ensure that they qualify for an exemption or
exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act.
Moreover, we must ensure that Resource
Capital Corp. itself qualifies for an exclusion from regulation under the
Investment Company Act. We will do so by monitoring the value of our interests
in our subsidiaries. At all times, we must ensure that Resource
Capital Corp. meets the 40% test. Our interest in RCC Real Estate
does not constitute an “investment security” for purposes of the 40% test, but
our interests in RCC Commercial does, and our interest in Resource TRS may in
the future, constitute “investment securities.” Accordingly, we must
monitor the value of our interest in these two subsidiaries to ensure that the
value of our interests in them never exceeds 40% of the value of our total
assets. We will monitor the value of our interest in Resource TRS for
tax purposes as well; the applicable tax rules require us to ensure that the
total value of the stock and other securities of Resource TRS and any other
taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, held directly or indirectly by us does not
exceed 20% of the value of our total assets. These requirements may
limit our flexibility in acquiring assets in the future.
We have not received, nor have we
sought, a no-action letter from the SEC regarding how our investment strategy
fits within the exclusions from regulation under the Investment Company Act that
we and our subsidiaries are using. To the extent that the SEC
provides more specific or different guidance regarding the treatment of assets
as qualifying real estate assets or real estate-related assets, we may have to
adjust our investment strategy accordingly. Any additional guidance
from the SEC could provide additional flexibility to us or it could further
inhibit our ability to pursue the investment strategy we have
chosen.
Employees
We have no direct
employees. Under our management agreement, the Manager provides us
with all management and support personnel and services necessary for our
day-to-day operations. We depend upon the Manager and Resource
America for personnel and administrative infrastructure. To provide
its services, the Manager draws upon the expertise and experience of Resource
America which, as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, had 719 and 237 employees,
respectively, involved in asset management, including 208 and 82 asset
management professionals and 511 and 155 asset management support personnel,
respectively.
Corporate Governance and Internet
Address
We
emphasize the importance of professional business conduct and ethics through our
corporate governance initiatives. Our board of directors consists of
a majority of independent directors; the audit, compensation and
nominating/corporate governance committees of our board of directors are
composed exclusively of independent directors. We have adopted
corporate governance guidelines and a code of business conduct and ethics, which
delineate our standards for our officers and directors, and employees of our
manager.
Our internet address is www.resourcecapitalcorp.com. We
make available, free of charge through a link on our site, all reports filed
with the SEC as soon as reasonably practicable after such filing. Our
site also contains our code of business conduct and ethics, corporate governance
guidelines and the charters of the audit committee, nominating and governance
committee and compensation committee of our board of directors.
ITEM 1A. RISK
FACTORS
This section describes material risks
affecting our business. In connection with the forward-looking statements that
appear in this annual report, you should carefully review the factors discussed
below and the cautionary statements referred to in “Forward-Looking
Statements.”
Risks
Related to Our Business
We
have a relatively short operating history. We may not be able to
operate our business successfully or generate sufficient revenue to make
distributions to our stockholders.
We have a relatively short operating
history. We commenced operations on March 8, 2005. We
are subject to all of the business risks and uncertainties associated with a
relatively new business, including the risk that we will not be able to execute
our investment strategy or achieve our investment objectives and that the value
of your investment could decline substantially. Our ability to
achieve returns for our stockholders depends on our ability both to generate
sufficient cash flow to pay distributions and to achieve capital appreciation,
and we cannot assure you that we will do either.
We
depend on the Manager and Resource America and may not find suitable
replacements if the management agreement terminates.
We have no employees. Our
officers, portfolio managers, administrative personnel and support personnel are
employees of Resource America. We have no separate facilities and
completely rely on the Manager and, because the Manager has no direct employees,
Resource America, which has significant discretion as to the implementation of
our operating policies and investment strategies. If our management
agreement terminates, we may be unable to find a suitable replacement for
them. Moreover, we believe that our success depends to a significant
extent upon the experience of the Manager’s and Resource America’s executive
officers and senior portfolio managers, and in particular Edward E. Cohen,
Jonathan Z. Cohen, Steven J. Kessler, Jeffrey D. Blomstrom, Joan Sapinsley,
David J. Bryant, Thomas C. Elliott, Christopher D. Allen, Gretchen Bergstresser,
David Bloom, Crit DeMent, Alan F. Feldman and Andrew P. Shook, whose continued
service is not guaranteed. The departure of any of the executive
officers or senior portfolio managers could harm our investment
performance.
The
Manager and Resource America have only limited prior experience managing a REIT
and we cannot assure you that their past experience will be sufficient to
successfully manage our business.
The federal income tax laws impose
numerous constraints on the operations of REITs. The executive
officers of the Manager and Resource America have only limited prior experience
managing assets under these constraints, which may hinder the Manager’s ability
to achieve our investment objectives.
We
must pay the Manager the base management fee regardless of the performance of
our portfolio.
The Manager is entitled to receive a
monthly base management fee equal to 1/12 of our equity, as defined in the
management agreement, times 1.50%, regardless of the performance of our
portfolio. The Manager’s entitlement to substantial non-performance
based compensation might reduce its incentive to devote its time and effort to
seeking profitable opportunities for our portfolio. This in turn
could hurt our ability to make distributions to our
stockholders.
The
incentive fee we pay the Manager may induce it to make riskier
investments.
In addition to its base management fee,
the Manager will receive incentive compensation, payable quarterly, equal to 25%
of the amount by which our net income, as defined in the management agreement,
exceeds the weighted average prices for our common stock in all of our offerings
multiplied by the greater of 2.00% or 0.50% plus one-fourth of the average
10-year treasury rate for such quarter, multiplied by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the quarter. In evaluating
investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to earn incentive
compensation based on net income may lead the Manager to place undue emphasis on
the maximization of net income at the expense of other criteria, such as
preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher incentive
compensation. Investments with higher yields generally have higher
risk of loss than investments with lower yields.
The
Manager manages our portfolio pursuant to very broad investment guidelines and
our board does not approve each investment decision, which may result in our
making riskier investments.
The Manager is authorized to follow
very broad investment guidelines. While our directors periodically
review our investment guidelines and our investment portfolio, they do not
review all of our proposed investments. In addition, in conducting
periodic reviews, the directors may rely primarily on information provided to
them by the Manager. Furthermore, the Manager may use complex
strategies, and transactions entered into by the Manager may be difficult or
impossible to unwind by the time they are reviewed by the
directors. The Manager has great latitude within the broad investment
guidelines in determining the types of investments it makes for
us. Poor investment decisions could impair our ability to make
distributions to our stockholders.
We
may change our investment strategy without stockholder consent, which may result
in riskier investments than those currently targeted.
Subject to maintaining our
qualification as a REIT and our exclusion from regulation under the Investment
Company Act, we may change our investment strategy, including the percentage of
assets that may be invested in each class, or in the case of securities, in a
single issuer, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could
result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier
than, the investments described in this report. A change in our
investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate and real estate
market fluctuations, all of which may reduce the market price of our common
stock and impair our ability to make distributions to
you. Furthermore, a change in our asset allocation could result in
our making investments in asset categories different from those described in
this prospectus.
Our
management agreement was not negotiated at arm’s-length and, as a result, may
not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with a third
party.
Our officers and two of our directors,
Edward E. Cohen and Jonathan Z. Cohen, are officers or directors of the Manager
and Resource America. As a consequence, our management agreement was
not the result of arm’s-length negotiations and its terms, including fees
payable, may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an
unaffiliated third party.
Termination
of the management agreement by us without cause is difficult and could be
costly.
Termination of our management agreement
without cause is difficult and could be costly. We may terminate the
management agreement without cause only annually following its initial term upon
the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors or by a
vote of the holders of at least a majority of our outstanding common stock,
based upon unsatisfactory performance by the Manager that is materially
detrimental to us or a determination that the management fee payable to the
Manager is not fair. Moreover, with respect to a determination that
the management fee is not fair, the Manager may prevent termination by accepting
a mutually acceptable reduction of management fees. We must give not
less than 180 days’ prior notice of any termination. Upon any
termination without cause, the Manager will be paid a termination fee equal to
four times the sum of the average annual base management fee and the average
annual incentive compensation earned by it during the two 12-month periods
immediately preceding the date of termination, calculated as of the end of the
most recently completed fiscal quarter before the date of
termination.
The
Manager and Resource America may engage in activities that compete with
us.
Our management agreement does not
prohibit the Manager or Resource America from investing in or managing entities
that invest in asset classes that are the same as or similar to our targeted
asset classes, except that they may not raise funds for, sponsor or advise any
new publicly-traded REIT that invests primarily in mortgage-backed securities,
or MBS, in the United States. The Manager’s policies regarding
resolution of conflicts of interest may be varied by it if economic, market,
regulatory or other conditions make their application economically inefficient
or otherwise impractical. Moreover, our officers, other than our
chief financial officer, and the officers, directors and employees of Resource
America who provide services to us are not required to work full time on our
affairs, and anticipate devoting significant time to the affairs of Resource
America. As a result, there may be significant conflicts between us,
on the one hand, and the Manager and Resource America on the other, regarding
allocation of the Manager’s and Resource America’s resources to the management
of our investment portfolio.
Our
Manager’s liability is limited under the management agreement, and we have
agreed to indemnify our Manager against certain liabilities.
Our Manager does not assume any
responsibility under the management agreement other than to render the services
called for under it, and will not be responsible for any action of our board of
directors in following or declining to follow its advice or
recommendations. Resource America, the Manager, their directors,
managers, officers, employees and affiliates will not be liable to us, any
subsidiary of ours, our directors, our stockholders or any subsidiary’s
stockholders for acts performed in accordance with and pursuant to the
management agreement, except by reason of acts constituting bad faith, willful
misconduct, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of their duties under the
management agreement. We have agreed to indemnify the parties for all
damages and claims arising from acts not constituting bad faith, willful
misconduct, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of duties, performed in good
faith in accordance with and pursuant to the management agreement.
We
leverage our portfolio, which may reduce the return on our investments and cash
available for distribution.
We currently leverage our portfolio
through securitizations, including CDOs, secured term facilities, issuance of
trust preferred securities, repurchase agreements, warehouse facilities, bank
credit facilities and other forms of borrowing. Depending on market
conditions and credit availability, we will seek to continue using these
borrowing sources although, as a result of conditions in the credit markets that
arose in the second half of 2007, we cannot assure you that we will be able to
do so on acceptable terms, or at all. As of December 31, 2007, our
outstanding indebtedness was $1.8 billion and our leverage ratio was 6.5
times. Using leverage subjects us to risks associated with debt
financing, including the risks that:
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the
cash provided by our operating activities will not be sufficient to meet
required payments of principal and
interest,
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the
cost of financing will increase relative to the income from the assets
financed, reducing the income we have available to pay distributions,
and
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our
investments may have maturities that differ from the maturities of the
related financing and, consequently, the risk that the terms of any
refinancing we obtain will not be as favorable as the terms of existing
financing.
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If we are unable to secure refinancing
of our currently outstanding financing, when due, on acceptable terms, we may be
forced to dispose of some of our assets upon disadvantageous terms or to obtain
financing at unfavorable terms, either of which may result in losses to us or
reduce the cash flow available to meet our debt service obligations or to pay
distributions.
Financing that we obtain, and
particularly securitization financing such as CDOs, may require us to maintain a
specified ratio of the amount of the financing to the value of the assets
financed. A decrease in the value of these assets may lead to margin
calls or calls for the pledge of additional assets which we will have to
satisfy. We may not have sufficient funds or unpledged assets to
satisfy any such calls.
We
operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which may
result in higher prices, lower yields and a narrower net interest spread for our
investments, and may inhibit the growth or delay the diversification of our
portfolio.
A number of entities compete with us to
make the types of investments that we seek to make. We compete with
other REITs, public and private investment funds, commercial and investment
banks, commercial finance companies and other debt-oriented
investors. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have
considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we
do. Some of our competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access
to funding sources and liquidity that are not available to us. In
addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different
risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of
investments or establish more investment sourcing relationships than
us. As a result of this competition, we may not be able to take
advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time or be able to
identify and make investments that are consistent with our investment
objectives. Competition for desirable investments may result in
higher prices, lower yields and a narrower net interest spread. If
competition has these effects, our earnings and ability to pay distributions
could be reduced.
Failure
to procure adequate capital and funding may decrease our profitability and our
ability to make distributions, reducing the market price of our common
stock.
We depend upon the availability of
adequate funding and capital for our operations. As a REIT, we must
distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without
regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, to
our stockholders and are therefore not able to retain significant amounts of our
earnings for new investments. Moreover, although Resource TRS, our
TRS, may retain earnings as new capital, we are subject to REIT qualification
requirements which limit the relative value of TRS stock and securities to the
other assets owned by a REIT. Consequently, we will depend upon the
availability of financing and additional capital to execute our investment
strategy. If sufficient financing or capital is not available to us
on acceptable terms, we may not be able to achieve anticipated levels of
profitability either due to the lack of funding or an increase in funding costs
and our ability to make distributions and the price of our common stock may
decline.
Historically,
we have financed most of our investments through CDOs and have retained the
equity. CDO equity receives distributions from the CDO only if the CDO generates
enough income to first pay the holders of its debt securities and its
expenses.
We have financed our commercial real
estate-related loans, CMBS, commercial finance assets and ABS-RMBS, primarily
through CDOs in which we had retained the equity interest. Depending
on market conditions, credit availability, and resolution of current credit
market conditions, we may seek to use CDOs to finance our investments in the
future. A CDO is a special purpose vehicle that purchases collateral
that is expected to generate a stream of interest or other
income. The CDO issues various classes of securities that participate
in that income stream, typically one or more classes of debt instruments and a
class of equity securities. The equity interests are subordinate in
right of payment to all other securities issued by the CDO. The
equity is usually entitled to all of the income generated by the CDO after the
CDO pays all of the interest due on the debt securities and other
expenses. However, there will be little or no income available to the
CDO equity if there are excessive defaults by the issuers of the underlying
collateral. In that event, the value of our investment in the CDO’s
equity could decrease substantially. In addition, the equity
securities of CDOs are generally illiquid, and because they represent a
leveraged investment in the CDO’s assets, the value of the equity securities
will generally have greater fluctuations than the value of the underlying
collateral.
The
use of CDO financings with over-collateralization requirements may reduce our
cash flow.
Our current CDOs, and CDOs we are able
to use to finance our portfolio in the future, will generally require the
principal amount of the assets forming the collateral pool to exceed the
principal balance of the CDOs, commonly referred to as
“over-collateralization.” Typically, in a CDO if the delinquencies or
losses exceed specified levels, which are generally established based on the
analysis by the rating agencies or a financial guaranty insurer of the
characteristics of the assets collateralizing the CDOs, the amount of
over-collateralization required increases or may be prevented from decreasing
from what would otherwise be permitted if losses or delinquencies did not exceed
those levels. Other tests, based on delinquency levels or other
criteria, typically restrict our ability to receive net income from assets
collateralizing the obligations. If our assets fail to perform as
anticipated, we may be unable to comply with these terms, which would reduce or
eliminate our cash flow from our CDO financings and, as a result, our net income
and ability to make distributions.
Declines
in the market values of our investments may reduce periodic reported results,
credit availability and our ability to make distributions.
We classify a substantial portion of
our assets for accounting purposes as “available-for-sale.” As a
result, changes in the market values of those assets are directly charged or
credited to stockholders’ equity. A decline in these values will
reduce the book value of our assets. Moreover, if the decline in
value of an available-for-sale asset is other than temporary, such decline will
reduce earnings. During the second half of 2007, as a result of
credit market conditions, we recorded asset impairments of $26.3 million on our
ABS-RMBS portfolio.
A decline in the market value of our
assets may also adversely affect us in instances where we have borrowed money
based on the market value of those assets. If the market value of
those assets declines, the lender may require us to post additional collateral
to support the loan. If we were unable to post the additional
collateral, we could have to sell the assets under adverse market
conditions. As a result, a reduction in credit availability may
reduce our earnings and, in turn, cash available to make
distributions.
Loss
of our exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act would require
significant changes in our operations and could reduce the market price of our
common stock and our ability to make distributions.
In order to be excluded from regulation
under the Investment Company Act, we must comply with the requirements of one or
more of the exclusions from the definition of investment
company. Because we conduct our business through wholly-owned
subsidiaries, we must ensure not only that we qualify for an exclusion from
regulation under the Investment Company Act, but also that each of our
subsidiaries so qualifies. If we fail to qualify for an exclusion, we
could be required to restructure our activities or register as an investment
company. Either alternative would require significant changes in our
operations and could reduce the market price of our common stock. For
example, if the market value of our investments in assets other than qualifying
real estate assets or real estate-related assets were to increase beyond the
levels permitted under the Investment Company Act exclusion upon which we rely
or if assets in our portfolio were deemed not to be qualifying real estate
assets as a result of SEC staff guidance, we might have to sell those assets or
acquire additional qualifying real estate assets in order to maintain our
exclusion. Any such sale or acquisition could occur under adverse
market conditions. If we were required to register as an investment
company, our use of leverage to fund our investment strategies would be
significantly limited, which would limit our profitability and ability to make
distributions, and we would become subject to substantial regulation concerning
management, operations, transactions with affiliated persons, portfolio
composition, including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry
concentration, and other matters.
Rapid
changes in the values of our real-estate related investments may make it more
difficult for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT or exclusion from
regulation under the Investment Company Act.
If the market value or income potential
of our real estate-related investments declines as a result of increased
interest rates, prepayment rates or other factors, we may need to increase our
real estate-related investments and income and/or liquidate our non-qualifying
assets in order to maintain our REIT qualification or exclusion from the
Investment Company Act. If the decline in real estate asset values
and/or income occurs quickly, this may be especially difficult to
accomplish. This difficulty may be exacerbated by the illiquid nature
of many of our non-real estate assets. We may have to make investment
decisions that we otherwise would not make absent REIT qualification and
Investment Company Act considerations.
We
are highly dependent on information systems. Systems failures could
significantly disrupt our business.
Our business is highly dependent on
communications and information systems. Any failure or interruption of our
systems could cause delays or other problems in our securities trading
activities which could harm our operating results, cause the market price of our
common stock to decline and reduce our ability to make
distributions.
If
we issue debt securities, the terms may restrict our ability to make cash
distributions, require us to obtain approval to sell our assets or otherwise
restrict our operations in ways which could make it difficult to execute our
investment strategy and achieve our investment objectives.
Any debt securities we may issue in the
future will likely be governed by an indenture or other instrument containing
covenants restricting our operating flexibility. Holders of senior
securities may be granted the right to hold a perfected security interest in
certain of our assets, to accelerate payments due under the indenture, to
restrict distributions, and to require approval to sell assets. These
covenants could make it more difficult to execute our investment strategy and
achieve our investment objectives. Additionally, any convertible or exchangeable
securities that we issue may have rights, preferences and privileges more
favorable than those of our common stock. We, and indirectly our
stockholders, will bear the cost of issuing and servicing such
securities.
Terrorist
attacks and other acts of violence or war may affect the market for our common
stock, the industry in which we conduct our operations and our
profitability.
Terrorist attacks may harm our results
of operations and your investment. We cannot assure you that there
will not be further terrorist attacks against the United States or U.S.
businesses. These attacks or armed conflicts may directly impact the
property underlying our ABS or the securities markets in
general. Losses resulting from these types of events are
uninsurable.
More generally, any of these events
could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased
volatility in the United States and worldwide financial markets and
economy. Adverse economic conditions could harm the value of the
property underlying our ABS or the securities markets in general which could
harm our operating results and revenues and may result in the volatility of the
value of our securities.
If
we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able
to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.
If we fail to maintain an effective
system of internal controls, fail to correct any issues in the design or
operating effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, or fail
to prevent fraud, our shareholders could lose confidence in our financial
reporting, which could harm our business and the trading price of our common
stock.
Risks
Related to Our Investments
Increases
in interest rates and other factors could reduce the value of our investments,
result in reduced earnings or losses and reduce our ability to pay
distributions.
A significant risk associated with our
investment in commercial real estate-related loans, CMBS and other debt
instruments is the risk that either or both of long-term and short-term interest
rates increase significantly. If long-term rates increase, the market
value of our assets would decline. Even if the mortgages underlying
any MBS we may own in the future are guaranteed by one or more persons,
including government or government-sponsored agencies, or those guarantees do
not protect against declines in market value of the related assets caused by
interest rate changes. At the same time, because of the short-term
nature of the financing we have historically used to acquire our
investments, an increase in short-term interest rates would increase our
interest expense, reducing our net interest spread. This could result
in reduced profitability and distributions.
We
receive income from our interest in an entity that has invested in sub-prime
mortgages which may be reduced or eliminated if the default rate on these assets
increases.
During the second half of 2007, as a
result of delinquencies and foreclosures in the sub-prime mortgage portfolio of
Ischus CDO II, then wholly-owned by us, we recorded asset impairments of $26.3
million on our ABS-RMBS portfolio held by Ischus CDO II. We sold a
10% portion of the equity investment in this portfolio in the quarter ended
December 31, 2007 and deconsolidated the portfolio from our balance
sheet. However, we continue to receive cash flow from Ischus CDO
II, after giving effect to our sale of the 10% interest, which amounted to
$465,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2007. If the
delinquencies and foreclosures in the Ischus CDO II portfolio continue to
increase, our cash flow from the portfolio may be reduced or
eliminated.
Investing
in mezzanine debt and mezzanine or other subordinated tranches of CMBS, bank
loans and other ABS involves greater risks of loss than senior secured debt
investments.
Subject to maintaining our
qualification as a REIT and exclusion from regulation under the Investment
Company Act, we will invest in mezzanine debt and expect to invest in mezzanine
or other subordinated tranches of CMBS, bank loans and other
ABS. These types of investments carry a higher degree of risk of loss
than senior secured debt investments such as our whole loan investments because,
in the event of default and foreclosure, holders of senior liens will be paid in
full before mezzanine investors and, depending on the value of the underlying
collateral at the time of foreclosure, there may not be sufficient assets to pay
all or any part of amounts owed to mezzanine investors. Moreover, our
mezzanine and other subordinate debt investments may have higher LTV ratios than
conventional senior lien financing, resulting in less equity in the collateral
and increasing the risk of loss of principal. If a borrower defaults
or declares bankruptcy, we may be subject to agreements restricting or
eliminating our rights as a creditor, including rights to call a default,
foreclose on collateral, accelerate maturity or control decisions made in
bankruptcy proceedings. In addition, the prices of lower credit
quality securities are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than
more highly rated investments, but more sensitive to economic downturns or
individual issuer developments. An economic downturn, for example,
could cause a decline in the price of lower credit quality securities because
the ability of obligors of instruments underlying the securities to make
principal and interest payments may be impaired. In such event,
existing credit support relating to the securities’ structure may not be
sufficient to protect us against loss of our principal.
The
B notes in which we invest may be subject to additional risks relating to the
privately negotiated structure and terms of the transaction, which may result in
losses to us.
A B note is a loan typically secured by
a first mortgage on a single large commercial property or group of related
properties and subordinated to a senior note secured by the same first mortgage
on the same collateral. As a result, if a borrower defaults, there
may not be sufficient funds remaining for B note owners after payment to the
senior note owners. Since each transaction is privately negotiated, B
notes can vary in their structural characteristics and risks. For
example, the rights of holders of B notes to control the process following a
borrower default may be limited in certain investments. We cannot
predict the terms of each B note investment we will make. Further, B
notes typically are secured by a single property, and so reflect the increased
risks associated with a single property compared to a pool of
properties. B notes also are less liquid
than other forms of commercial real estate debt investments, such as CMBS, and,
as a result we may be unable to dispose of underperforming or non-performing
investments. The higher risks associated with the subordinate
position of our B note investments could subject us to increased risk of
losses.
Our
assets historically have included trust preferred securities of financial
institutions, or CDOs collateralized by these securities, which may have greater
risks of loss than senior secured loans.
Historically, we have invested in the
trust preferred securities of financial institutions or CDOs collateralized by
these securities. Depending upon future market conditions (and
subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT and exclusion from regulation
under the Investment Company Act)) we may do so in the future. Investing in
these securities involves a higher degree of risk than investing in senior
secured loans, including the following:
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Trust
preferred securities, which are issued by a special purpose trust,
typically are collateralized by a junior subordinated debenture of the
financial institution and that institution’s guarantee, and thus are
subordinate and junior in right of payment to most of the financial
institution’s other debt.
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Trust
preferred securities often will permit the financial institution to defer
interest payments on its junior subordinated debenture, deferring dividend
payments by the trust on the trust preferred securities, for specified
periods.
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If
trust preferred securities are collateralized by junior subordinated
debentures issued by the financial institution’s holding company, dividend
payments may be affected by regulatory limitations on the amount of
dividends, other distributions or loans a financial institution can make
to its holding company, which typically are the holding company’s
principal sources of funds for meeting its obligations, including its
obligations under the junior subordinated
debentures.
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As a result, a holder of trust
preferred securities may be limited in its ability both to enforce its payment
rights and to recover its investment upon default. Moreover, any
deferral of dividends on the trust preferred securities in which we may invest
will reduce the funds available to us to make distributions which, in turn,
could reduce the market price of our common stock.
We
invest in small- and middle-ticket equipment leases and notes to small- and
mid-size businesses which may have greater risks of default than leases or loans
to larger businesses.
We invest in small- and middle-ticket
equipment leases and notes. Many of the obligors are small- to
mid-size businesses. As a result, we may be subject to higher risks
of lease default than if our obligors were larger businesses. While
we will seek to repossess and re-lease or sell the equipment subject to a
defaulted lease or note, we may not be able to do so on advantageous
terms. If an obligor files for protection under the bankruptcy laws,
we may experience difficulties and delays in recovering the
equipment. Moreover, the equipment may be returned in poor condition
and we may be unable to enforce important lease provisions against an insolvent
obligor, including the contract provisions that require the obligor to return
the equipment in good condition. In some cases, an obligor’s
deteriorating financial condition may make trying to recover what the obligor
owes impractical. The costs of recovering equipment upon an obligor’s
default, enforcing the obligor’s obligations under the lease, and transporting,
storing, repairing and finding a new obligor or purchaser for the equipment may
be high. Higher than expected lease defaults will result in a loss of
anticipated revenues. These losses may impair our ability to make
distributions and reduce the market price of our common stock.
Private
equity investments involve a greater risk of loss than traditional debt
financing.
Private equity investments are
subordinate to debt financing and are not secured. Should the issuer
default on our investment, we would only be able to proceed against the entity
that issued the private equity in accordance with the terms of the security, and
not any property owned by the entity. Furthermore, in the event of
bankruptcy or foreclosure, we would only be able to recoup our investment after
any lenders to the entity are paid. As a result, we may not recover
some or all of our investment, which could result in
losses.
Some
of our portfolio investments will be recorded at fair value as estimated by our
management and reviewed by our board of directors and, as a result, there will
be uncertainty as to the value of these investments.
Some of our portfolio investments will
be in the form of securities that are not publicly traded, including the
securities of Resource TRS. The fair value of securities and other
investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily
determinable. We will value these investments quarterly at fair value
as determined under policies approved by our board of
directors. Because such valuations are inherently uncertain, may
fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our
determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would
have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. The
value of our common stock would likely decrease if our determinations regarding
the fair value of these investments were materially higher than the values that
we ultimately realize upon their disposal.
Some
of our investments may be illiquid, which may result in our realizing less than
their recorded value should we need to sell such investments
quickly.
We have made investments, and expect to
make additional investments, in securities that are not publicly
traded. A portion of these securities may be subject to legal and
other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than publicly
traded securities. If we are required to liquidate all or a portion
of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at
which we have previously recorded our investments. In addition, we
may face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a
business entity to the extent that we, the Manager or Resource America has or
could be attributed with material non-public information regarding such business
entity.
If
we use CDOs in the future, we expect to accumulate assets through repurchase
agreement facilities or warehouse facilities. If we do not consummate
a CDO for which we have been accumulating assets on one of these facilities, the
collateral will be sold and we will bear any loss resulting from the purchase
price of the collateral exceeding the sale price up to the amount of our
investment or guaranty with respect to the facility.
If we use CDOs in the future, we expect
to accumulate assets through repurchase
agreement facilities or warehouse facilities with investment banks or other
financial institutions, pursuant to which the institutions will initially
finance the purchase of the collateral that will be transferred to the
CDOs. The Manager will select the collateral. If we do not
consummate the CDO transaction, the institution would liquidate the collateral
and we would have to pay any amount by which the original purchase price of the
collateral exceeds its sale price up to the amount of our investment or
guaranty, subject to negotiated caps, if any, on our exposure. In
addition, regardless of whether the CDO transaction is consummated, if any of
the collateral is sold before the consummation, we will have to bear any
resulting loss on the sale up to the amount of our investment or
guaranty.
We
may not be able to acquire eligible securities for a CDO issuance, or may not be
able to issue CDO securities on attractive terms, which may require us to seek
more costly financing for our investments or to liquidate assets.
During the accumulation period for a
CDO, we may not be able to acquire a sufficient amount of eligible assets to
maximize the efficiency of a CDO issuance. In addition, conditions in
the capital markets may make the issuance of CDOs less attractive to us when we
do have a sufficient pool of collateral. If we are unable to issue a
CDO to finance these assets, we may have to seek other forms of potentially less
attractive financing or otherwise to liquidate the assets at a price that could
result in a loss of all or a portion of the cash and other collateral backing
our purchase commitment or require us to make payments under any guaranties we
have given.
We
may have to repurchase assets that we have sold in connection with CDOs and
other securitizations.
If any of the assets that we originate
or acquire and sell or securitize do not comply with representations and
warranties that we make about their characteristics, the borrowers and the
underlying assets, we may have to purchase these assets from the CDO or
securitization vehicle, or replace them with substitute loans or
securities. In addition, in the case of loans or securities that we
have sold instead of retained, we may have to indemnify purchasers for losses or
expenses incurred as a result of a breach of a representation or
warranty. Any significant repurchases or indemnification payments
could materially reduce our liquidity, earnings and ability to make
distributions.
An
increase in our borrowing costs relative to the interest we receive on our
assets may impair our profitability, and thus our cash available for
distribution to our stockholders.
We have used short-term borrowings,
principally repurchase agreements, to accumulate commercial real estate
assets. As these short-term borrowings mature, we will be required
either to enter into new borrowings or to sell certain of our investments at
times when we might otherwise not choose to do so. At December 31,
2007, we had $116.4 million of outstanding repurchase agreements with a weighted
average maturity of 19 days. We have also used a secured term
facility to finance our direct financing leases and notes. At
December 31, 2007, this facility had $91.7 million outstanding with a weighted
average maturity of 2.2 years. An increase in short-term interest
rates at the time that we seek to enter into new borrowings would reduce the
spread between the income on our assets and the cost of our
borrowings. This would reduce returns on our assets, which would
reduce earnings and, in turn, cash available for distribution to our
stockholders.
Termination
events contained in our repurchase agreements increase the possibility that we
will be unable to maintain adequate capital and funding and may reduce cash
available for distribution.
The occurrence of an event of default
under our repurchase agreements may cause commercial real estate investment
transactions to be terminated early. Events of default include failure to
complete an agreed upon repurchase transaction, failure to comply with margin
and margin repayment requirements, the commencement by us of a bankruptcy,
insolvency or similar proceeding or filing of a petition against us under
bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws, or admission of an inability to, or
intention not to, perform our obligation under the agreement. The
occurrence of an event of default or termination event would give our
counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with
us and make any amount due by us to the counterparty payable
immediately. If outstanding repurchase transactions terminate and we
are unable to negotiate more favorable funding terms, our financing costs will
increase. This may reduce the amount of capital we have available for
investing and/or may impair our ability to make distributions. In
addition, we may have to sell assets at a time when we might not otherwise
choose to do so.
We
will lose money on our repurchase transactions if the counterparty to the
transaction defaults on its obligation to resell the underlying security back to
us at the end of the transaction term, or if the value of the underlying
security has declined as of the end of the term or if we default on our
obligations under the repurchase agreement.
When we engage in a repurchase
transaction, we generally sell securities to the transaction counterparty and
receive cash from the counterparty. The counterparty must resell the
securities back to us at the end of the term of the transaction, which is
typically 30-90 days. Because the cash we receive from the
counterparty when we initially sell the securities to the counterparty is less
than the market value of those securities, typically about 60% to 85% of that
value, if the counterparty defaults on its obligation to resell the securities
back to us we will incur a loss on the transaction. We will also
incur a loss if the value of the underlying securities has declined as of the
end of the transaction term, as we will have to repurchase the securities for
their initial value but would receive securities worth less than that
amount. Any losses we incur on our repurchase transactions could
reduce our earnings, and thus our cash available for distribution to our
stockholders.
A
prolonged economic slowdown, recession or decline in real estate values could
impair our investments and harm our operating results.
Many of our investments may be
susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions or declines in real estate
values, which could lead to financial losses on our investments and a decrease
in revenues, net income and assets. Beginning in the second half of
2007, there have been unparalleled disruptions in the credit markets, affecting
every class of financial asset, but most dramatically in the United States
sub-prime mortgage markets. During the second half of 2007, these
unprecedented events resulted in an asset impairment of $26.3 million on our
ABS-RMBS portfolio. Continued unfavorable economic conditions also
could increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or
result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us. These
events could prevent us from increasing investments and reduce or eliminate our
earnings and ability to make distributions.
We
may be exposed to environmental liabilities with respect to properties to which
we take title.
In the course of our business, we may
take title to real estate through foreclosure on collateral underlying real
estate investments. If we do take title to any property, we could be
subject to environmental liabilities with respect to it. In such a
circumstance, we may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties
for property damage, personal injury, investigation, and clean-up costs they
incur as a result of environmental contamination, or may have to investigate or
clean up hazardous or toxic substances, or chemical releases at a
property. The costs associated with investigation or remediation
activities could be substantial and could reduce our income and ability to make
distributions.
Our
hedging transactions may not completely insulate us from interest rate risk and
may result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged
in any hedging transactions.
Subject to maintaining our
qualification as a REIT, we pursue various hedging strategies to seek to reduce
our exposure to losses from adverse changes in interest rates. Our interest rate
hedging activity varies in scope depending upon market conditions relating to,
among other factors, the level and volatility of interest rates and the type of
assets we hold. There are practical limitations on our ability to
insulate our portfolio from all of the negative consequences associated with
changes in short-term interest rates, including:
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Available
interest rate hedges may not correspond directly with the interest rate
risk against which we seek
protection.
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The
duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related
liability.
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Interest
rate hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising and
volatile interest rates. Hedging costs may include structuring
and legal fees and fees payable to hedge counterparties to execute the
hedge transaction.
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Losses
on a hedge position may reduce the cash available to make distributions to
stockholders, and may exceed the amounts invested in the hedge
position.
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The
amount of income that a REIT may earn from hedging transactions, other
than through a TRS, is limited by federal tax provisions governing
REITs.
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The
credit quality of the party owing money on the hedge may be downgraded to
such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of
the hedging transaction.
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The
party owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its obligation
to pay.
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We have adopted written policies and
procedures governing our hedging activities. Under these policies and
procedures, our board of directors is responsible for approving the types of
hedging instruments we may use, absolute limits on the notional amount and term
of a hedging instrument and parameters for the credit-worthiness of hedge
counterparties. The senior managers responsible for each of our
targeted asset classes are responsible for executing transactions using the
services of independent interest rate risk management consultants, documenting
the transactions, monitoring the valuation and effectiveness of the hedges, and
providing reports concerning our hedging activities and the valuation and
effectiveness of our hedges, to the audit committee of our board of directors no
less often than quarterly. Our guidelines also require us to engage
one or more experienced third party advisors to provide us with assistance in
the identification of interest rate risks, the analysis, selection and timing of
risk protection strategies, the administration
and negotiation of hedge documentation, settlement or disposition of hedges,
compliance with hedge accounting requirements and measurement of hedge
effectiveness and valuation.
Hedging against a decline in the values
of our portfolio positions does not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in
the values of the positions or prevent losses if the values of the positions
decline. Hedging transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the
values of the portfolio positions should increase. Moreover, we may not be able
to hedge against an interest rate fluctuation that is generally anticipated by
the market.
The success of our hedging transactions
will depend on the Manager’s ability to correctly predict movements of interest
rates. Therefore, unanticipated changes in interest rates may result
in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such
hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between
price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price
movements in the portfolio positions being hedged may vary. Moreover,
for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to establish a perfect correlation
between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any
such imperfect correlation may prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and
expose us to risk of loss.
Hedging
instruments often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an
exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental
authorities and involve risks of default by the hedging counterparty and
illiquidity.
Subject to maintaining our
qualification as a REIT, part of our investment strategy involves entering into
puts and calls on securities or indices of securities, interest rate swaps, caps
and collars, including options and forward contracts, and interest rate lock
agreements, principally Treasury lock agreements, to seek to hedge against
mismatches between the cash flows from our assets and the interest payments on
our liabilities. Hedging instruments often are not traded on
regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or
regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental
authorities. Consequently, there are no requirements with respect to
record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and
positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying
derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory and
commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of
the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business
failure of a counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will
most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we entered into a
hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to
cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market
price. Although generally we seek to reserve the right to terminate
our hedging positions, we may not always be able to dispose of or close out a
hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and we may not
be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our
risk. A liquid secondary market may not exist for hedging instruments
purchased or sold, and we may have to maintain a position until exercise or
expiration, which could result in losses.
We
may enter into hedging instruments that could expose us to unexpected losses in
the future.
We may enter into hedging instruments
that would require us to fund cash payments in the future under certain
circumstances, for example, upon the early termination of the instrument caused
by an event of default or other early termination event, or the decision by a
counterparty to request margin securities it is contractually owed under the
terms of the instrument. The amount due would be equal to the
unrealized loss of the open positions with the counterparty and could also
include other fees and charges. These losses will be reflected in our
financial results of operations, and our ability to fund these obligations will
depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital at the time, and the
need to fund these obligations could adversely impact our financial
condition.
Our
real estate debt investments will be subject to the risks inherent in the real
estate securing or underlying those investments which could result in losses to
us.
Commercial mortgage loans are secured
by, and mezzanine loans depend on, the performance of the underlying,
multifamily or commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and
foreclosure, and risks of loss, that are greater than similar risks associated
with loans made on the security of single-family residential
property. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by or
dependent upon an income-producing property typically depends primarily upon the
successful operation of the property rather than upon the existence of
independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating
income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may
be impaired. Net operating income of an income producing property can
be affected by, among other things:
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tenant
mix, success of tenant businesses and property management
decisions,
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property
location and condition,
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competition
from comparable types of
properties,
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changes
in laws that increase operating expense or limit rents that may be
charged,
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any
need to address environmental contamination at the
property,
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the
occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the
property,
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changes
in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific
industry segments,
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declines
in regional or local real estate
values,
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declines
in regional or local rental or occupancy
rates,
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increases
in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating
expenses,
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transitional
nature of a property being converted to an alternate
use;
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increases
in costs of construction material;
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changes
in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including
environmental legislation, and
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acts
of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil
disturbances.
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Residential mortgage loans are secured
by single-family residential property and are subject to risks of delinquency
and foreclosure, and risks of loss. The ability of a borrower to
repay these loans is dependent upon the borrower’s income or
assets. A number of factors, including a national, regional or local
economic downturn, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances,
may impair borrowers’ abilities to repay their loans. Economic
problems specific to a borrower, such as loss of a job or medical problems, may
also impair a borrower’s ability to repay his or her loan.
In the event of any default under a
mortgage loan held directly by us, we will bear a risk of loss of principal to
the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the
principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which would reduce our cash
flow from operations. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an
expensive and lengthy process which could reduce our return on the foreclosed
mortgage loan. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the
mortgage loan will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of
the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy as determined by the
bankruptcy court, and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the
avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent
the lien is unenforceable under state law.
For a discussion of other risks
associated with mezzanine loans, see “-Investing in mezzanine debt or mezzanine
or other subordinated tranches of CMBS, bank loans and other ABS involves
greater risks of loss than senior secured debt instruments.”
Our
assets will include bank loans, other ABS and private equity investments, which
will carry higher risks of loss than our real estate-related
portfolio.
Subject to maintaining our
qualification as a REIT and exclusion from regulation under the Investment
Company Act, we invest in bank loans and other ABS. Our bank loan
investments or our other ABS investments, which are principally backed by small
business and bank loans, may not be secured by mortgages or other liens on
assets or may involve higher LTV ratios than our real estate-related
investments. Our bank loan investments, and our ABS backed by loans,
may involve one or more loans that have an interest-only payment schedule or a
schedule that does not fully amortize principal over the term of the loan, which
will make repayment of the loan depend upon the borrower’s liquidity or ability
to refinance the loan at maturity. Numerous factors affect a
borrower’s ability to repay or refinance loans at maturity, including national
and local economic conditions, a downturn in a borrower’s industry, loss of one
or more principal customers and conditions in the credit markets. A
deterioration in a company’s financial condition or prospects may be accompanied
by a deterioration in the collateral for the bank loan or any ABS backed by such
company’s loans.
In addition, private equity investments
may also have a greater risk of loss than senior secured or other financing
since such investments are subordinate to debt of the issuer, are not secured by
property underlying the investment and may be illiquid, depending upon the
existence of a market for the issuer’s securities, the length of time we have
held the investment and any rights we may have to require registration under the
Securities Act.
If
our allowance for loan and lease losses is not adequate to cover actual or
estimated future loan and lease losses, our earnings may decline.
We maintain an allowance for loan and lease losses to provide for loan defaults
and non-performance by borrowers of their obligations. Our allowance for
loan and lease losses may not be adequate to cover actual or estimated future
loan and lease losses and future provisions for loan and lease losses could
materially and adversely affect our operating results. Our allowance for
loan and lease losses is based on prior experience, as well as an evaluation of
risks in the current portfolio. However, losses may exceed our current
estimates. The amount of future losses is susceptible to changes in
economic, operating and other conditions that may be beyond our control,
including changes in interest rates, changes in borrowers’ creditworthiness and
the value of collateral securing loans and leases. Additionally, as our
loan and lease portfolios grow, we may need to make provisions for loan and
lease losses to ensure that the allowance remains at levels deemed appropriate
by our management for the size and quality of portfolio. While we believe that
our allowance for loan and lease losses is adequate to cover our anticipated
losses, we cannot assure you that will continue to be the case or that
we will not further increase the allowance for loan and lease losses. This
occurrence could materially affect our earnings.
Our
due diligence may not reveal all of an entity’s liabilities and other weaknesses
in its business.
Before investing in the securities of
any issuer, we will assess the strength and skills of the issuer’s management,
the value of any collateral securing debt securities, the ability of the issuer
and the collateral to service the debt and other factors that we believe are
material to the performance of the investment. In making the
assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the
resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third
parties. This process is particularly important and subjective with
respect to newly-organized entities because there may be little or no
information publicly available about the entities or, with respect to debt
securities, any underlying collateral. Our due diligence processes, however, may
not uncover all facts that may be relevant to an investment
decision.
Risks
Related to Our Organization and Structure
Our
charter and bylaws contain provisions that may inhibit potential acquisition
bids that you and other stockholders may consider favorable, and the market
price of our common stock may be lower as a result.
Our charter and bylaws contain
provisions that may have an anti-takeover effect and inhibit a change in our
board of directors. These provisions include the
following:
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There are ownership limits and
restrictions on transferability and ownership in our
charter. For purposes of assisting us in maintaining our
REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code, our charter generally
prohibits any person from beneficially or constructively owning more than
9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of any
class or series of our outstanding capital stock. This
restriction may:
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discourage
a tender offer or other transactions or a change in the composition of our
board of directors or control that might involve a premium price for our
shares or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders;
or
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result
in shares issued or transferred in violation of such restrictions being
automatically transferred to a trust for a charitable beneficiary,
resulting in the forfeiture of those
shares.
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Our charter permits our board
of directors to issue stock with terms that may discourage a third party
from acquiring us. Our board of directors may amend our
charter without stockholder approval to increase the total number of
authorized shares of stock or the number of shares of any class or series
and issue common or preferred stock having preferences, conversion or
other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to
distributions, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption as
determined by our board. Thus, our board could authorize the
issuance of stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of
discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which holders of some or a
majority of our shares might receive a premium for their shares over the
then-prevailing market price.
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Our charter and bylaws contain
other possible anti-takeover provisions. Our charter and
bylaws contain other provisions that may have the effect of delaying or
preventing a change in control of us or the removal of existing directors
and, as a result, could prevent our stockholders from being paid a premium
for their common stock over the then-prevailing market
price.
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Maryland
takeover statutes may prevent a change in control of us, and the market price of
our common stock may be lower as a result.
Maryland Control Share Acquisition
Act. Maryland law provides that “control shares” of a
corporation acquired in a “control share acquisition” will have no voting rights
except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes eligible to
be cast on the matter under the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act. The act
defines “control shares” as voting shares of stock that, if aggregated with all
other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or in respect of which the acquiror
is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by
virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting
power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:
one-tenth or more but less than one-third, one-third or more but less than a
majority, or a majority or more of all voting power. A “control share
acquisition” means the acquisition of control shares, subject to specific
exceptions.
If voting rights or control shares
acquired in a control share acquisition are not approved at a stockholders’
meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person
statement as required by the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act then,
subject to specific conditions and limitations, the issuer may redeem any or all
of the control shares for fair value. If voting rights of such control shares
are approved at a stockholders’ meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to
vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may
exercise appraisal rights. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting acquisitions
of our shares from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act. However, our
board of directors may amend our bylaws in the future to repeal this
exemption.
Business
combinations. Under Maryland law, “business combinations”
between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of
an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent
date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested
stockholder. These business combinations include a merger,
consolidation, share exchange or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an
asset transferor issuance or reclassification of equity
securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:
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any
person who beneficially owns ten percent or more of the voting power of
the corporation’s shares; or
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an
affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the
two-year period before the date in question, was the beneficial owner of
ten percent or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting
stock of the corporation.
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A person is not an interested
stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the
transaction by which such person otherwise would have become an interested
stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may
provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of
approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.
After the five-year prohibition, any
business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested
stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the
corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:
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80%
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of
voting stock of the corporation;
and
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two-thirds
of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the
corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom
or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held
by an affiliate or associate of the interested
stockholder.
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These super-majority vote requirements
do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price,
as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other
consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder
for its shares.
The statute permits exemptions from its
provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of
directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested
stockholder.
Our
rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors
and officers are limited, which could limit your recourse in the event of
actions not in your best interests.
Our charter limits the liability of our
directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages, except for
liability resulting from:
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actual
receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services;
or
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a
final judgment based upon a finding of active and deliberate dishonesty by
the director or officer that was material to the cause of action
adjudicated.
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In addition, our charter authorizes us
to indemnify our present and former directors and officers for actions taken by
them in those capacities to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland
law. Our bylaws require us to indemnify each present or former
director or officer, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, in the
defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made,
a party by reason of his or her service to us. In addition, we may be
obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our directors and
officers.
Our
right to take action against the Manager is limited.
The obligation of the Manager under the
management agreement is to render its services in good faith. It will
not be responsible for any action taken by our board of directors or investment
committee in following or declining to follow its advice and
recommendations. Furthermore, as discussed above under “—Risks
Related to Our Business,” it will be difficult and costly for us to terminate
the management agreement without cause. In addition, we will indemnify the
Manager, Resource America and their officers and affiliates for any actions
taken by them in good faith.
We
have not established a minimum distribution payment level and we cannot assure
you of our ability to make distributions in the future. We may in the
future use uninvested offering proceeds or borrowed funds to make
distributions.
We expect to make quarterly
distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that we distribute all or
substantially all of our taxable income in each year, subject to certain
adjustments. We have not established a minimum distribution payment
level, and our ability to make distributions may be impaired by the risk factors
described in this report. All distributions will be made at the
discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, our
financial condition, maintenance of our REIT qualification and other factors as
our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time. We may
not be able to make distributions in the future. In addition, some of our
distributions may include a return of capital. To the extent that we
decide to make distributions in excess of our current and accumulated taxable
earnings and profits, such distributions would generally be considered a return
of capital for federal income tax purposes. A return of capital is
not taxable, but it has the effect of reducing the holder’s tax basis in its
investment. Although we currently do not expect that we will do so,
we have in the past and may in the future also use proceeds from any offering of
our securities that we have not invested or borrowed funds to make
distributions. If we use uninvested offering proceeds to pay
distributions in the future, we will have less funds available for investment
and, as a result, our earnings and cash available for distribution would be less
than we might otherwise have realized had such funds been
invested. Similarly, if we borrow to fund distributions, our future
interest costs would increase, thereby reducing our future earnings and cash
available for distribution from what they otherwise would have
been.
Tax
Risks
Complying
with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive
opportunities.
To qualify as a REIT for federal income
tax purposes, we must continually satisfy various tests regarding the sources of
our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we
distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of our common
stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego
investments we might otherwise make. Thus, compliance with the REIT
requirements may hinder our investment performance.
In particular, at least 75% of our
assets at the end of each calendar quarter must consist of real estate assets,
government securities, cash and cash items. For this purpose, “real
estate assets” generally include interests in real property, such as land,
buildings, leasehold interests in real property, stock of other entities that
qualify as REITs, interests in mortgage loans secured by real property,
investments in stock or debt instruments during the one-year period following
the receipt of new capital and regular or residual interests in a real estate
mortgage investment conduit, or REMIC. In addition, the amount of
securities of a single issuer, other than a TRS, that we hold must generally not
exceed either 5% of the value of our gross assets or 10% of the vote or value of
such issuer’s outstanding securities.
Certain of the assets that we hold or
intend to hold, including interests in CDOs or corporate leveraged loans, are
not qualified and will not be qualified real estate assets for purposes of the
REIT asset tests. ABS-RMBS and CMBS securities should generally
qualify as real estate assets. However, to the extent that we own
non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations or other debt instruments secured
by mortgage loans (rather than by real property) or secured by non-real estate
assets, or debt securities that are not secured by mortgages on real property,
those securities are likely not qualifying real estate assets for purposes of
the REIT asset test, and will not produce qualifying real estate
income. Further, whether securities held by warehouse lenders or
financed using repurchase agreements are treated as qualifying assets or as
generating qualifying real estate income for purposes of the REIT asset and
income tests depends on the terms of the warehouse or repurchase financing
arrangement.
We generally will be treated as the
owner of any assets that collateralize CDO transactions to the extent that we
retain all of the equity of the securitization vehicle and do not make an
election to treat such securitization vehicle as a TRS, as described in further
detail below. It may be possible to reduce the impact of the REIT
asset and gross income requirements by holding certain assets through our TRSs,
subject to certain limitations as described below.
Our
qualification as a REIT and exemption from U.S. federal income tax with respect
to certain assets may be dependent on the accuracy of legal opinions or advice
rendered or given or statements by the issuers of securities in which we invest,
and the inaccuracy of any such opinions, advice or statements may adversely
affect our REIT qualification and result in significant corporate level
tax.
When purchasing securities, we have
relied and may rely on opinions or advice of counsel for the issuer of such
securities, or statements, made in related offering documents, for purposes of
determining whether such securities represent debt or equity securities for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, and also to what extent those securities constitute
REIT real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests and produce income
which qualifies under the 75% REIT gross income test. In addition,
when purchasing CDO equity, we have relied and may rely on opinions or advice of
counsel regarding the qualification of interests in the debt of such CDOs for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. The inaccuracy of any such
opinions, advice or statements may adversely affect our REIT qualification and
result in significant corporate-level tax.
We
may realize excess inclusion income that would increase our tax liability and
that of our stockholders.
If we realize excess inclusion income
and allocate it to stockholders, this income cannot be offset by net operating
losses of the stockholders. If the stockholder is a tax-exempt
entity, then this income would be fully taxable as unrelated business taxable
income under Section 512 of the Internal Revenue Code. If the stockholder
is a foreign person, it would be subject to federal income tax withholding on
this income without reduction or exemption pursuant to any otherwise applicable
income tax treaty.
Excess inclusion income could result if
we hold a residual interest in a REMIC. Excess inclusion income also
could be generated if we issue debt obligations, such as certain CDOs, with two
or more maturities and the terms of the payments on these obligations bore a
relationship to the payments that we received on our mortgage related securities
securing those debt obligations, i.e., if we were to own an interest in a
taxable mortgage pool. While we do not expect to acquire significant
amounts of residual interests in REMICs, we do own residual interests in taxable
mortgage pools, which means that we will likely generate significant amounts of
excess inclusion income.
If we realize excess inclusion income,
we will be taxed at the highest corporate income tax rate on a portion of such
income that is allocable to the percentage of our stock held in record name by
“disqualified organizations,” which are generally cooperatives, governmental
entities and tax-exempt organizations that are exempt from unrelated business
taxable income. To the extent that our stock owned by “disqualified
organizations” is held in record name by a broker/dealer or other nominee, the
broker/dealer or other nominee would be liable for the corporate level tax on
the portion of our excess inclusion income allocable to the stock held by the
broker/dealer or other nominee on behalf of “disqualified
organizations.” We expect that disqualified organizations will own
our stock. Because this tax would be imposed on us, all of our
investors, including investors that are not disqualified organizations, would
bear a portion of the tax cost associated with the classification of us or a
portion of our assets as a taxable mortgage pool. A regulated
investment company or other pass through entity owning stock in record name will
be subject to tax at the highest corporate rate on any excess inclusion income
allocated to its owners that are disqualified organizations. Finally,
if we fail to qualify as a REIT, our taxable mortgage pool securitizations will
be treated as separate corporations, for federal income tax purposes that cannot
be included in any consolidated corporate tax return.
Failure
to qualify as a REIT would subject us to federal income tax, which would reduce
the cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We believe that we have been organized
and operated in a manner that has enabled us to qualify as a REIT for federal
income tax purposes commencing with our taxable years ended on December 31,
2005 and 2006. However, the federal income tax laws governing REITs
are extremely complex, and interpretations of the federal income tax laws
governing qualification as a REIT are limited. Qualifying as a REIT
requires us to meet various tests regarding the nature of our assets and our
income, the ownership of our outstanding stock, and the amount of our
distributions on an ongoing basis.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any
calendar year and we do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we
will be subject to federal income tax, including any applicable alternative
minimum tax on our taxable income, at regular corporate
rates. Distributions to stockholders would not be deductible in
computing our taxable income. Corporate tax liability would reduce
the amount of cash available for distribution to our
stockholders. Under some circumstances, we might need to borrow money
or sell assets in order to pay that tax. Furthermore, if we fail to maintain our
qualification as a REIT and we do not qualify for the statutory relief
provisions, we no longer would be required to distribute substantially all of
our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid
deduction and not including net capital gains, to our
stockholders. Unless our failure to qualify as a REIT were excused
under federal tax laws, we could not re-elect to qualify as a REIT until the
fifth calendar year following the year in which we failed to qualify. In
addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, our taxable mortgage pool
securitizations will be treated as separate corporations for U.S. federal income
tax purposes.
Failure
to make required distributions would subject us to tax, which would reduce the
cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
In order to qualify as a REIT, in each
calendar year we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT
taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid
and excluding net capital gain. To the extent that we satisfy the 90%
distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income,
we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our undistributed
income. In addition, we will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on
the amount, if any, by which our distributions in any calendar year are less
than the sum of:
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85%
of our ordinary income for that
year;
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95%
of our capital gain net income for that year;
and
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100%
our undistributed taxable income from prior
years.
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We intend to make distributions to our
stockholders in a manner intended to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement
and to distribute all or substantially all of our net taxable income to avoid
both corporate income tax and the 4% nondeductible excise tax. There
is no requirement that a domestic TRS distribute its after-tax net income to its
parent REIT or their stockholders and Resource TRS may determine not to make any
distributions to us. However, non-U.S. TRSs, such as Apidos CDO I,
Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco CDO, which we discuss in “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations,” will
generally be deemed to distribute their earnings to us on an annual basis for
federal income tax purposes, regardless of whether such TRSs actually distribute
their earnings.
Our taxable income may substantially
exceed our net income as determined by GAAP because, for example, realized
capital losses will be deducted in determining our GAAP net income but may not
be deductible in computing our taxable income. In addition, we may
invest in assets that generate taxable income in excess of economic income or in
advance of the corresponding cash flow from the assets, referred to as phantom
income. Although some types of phantom income are excluded to the
extent they exceed 5% of our REIT taxable income in determining the 90%
distribution requirement, we will incur corporate income tax and the 4%
nondeductible excise tax with respect to any phantom income items if we do not
distribute those items on an annual basis. As a result, we may
generate less cash flow than taxable income in a particular year. In
that event, we may be required to use cash reserves, incur debt, or liquidate
non-cash assets at
rates or times that we regard as unfavorable in order to satisfy the
distribution requirement and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4%
nondeductible excise tax in that year.
If
we make distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and
profits, they will be treated as a return of capital, which will reduce the
adjusted basis of your stock. To the extent such distributions exceed your
adjusted basis, you may recognize a capital gain.
Unless you are a tax-exempt entity,
distributions that we make to you generally will be subject to tax as ordinary
income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits as
determined for federal income tax purposes. If the amount we
distribute to you exceeds your allocable share of our current and accumulated
earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a return of capital to the
extent of your adjusted basis in your stock, which will reduce your basis in
your stock but will not be subject to tax. To the extent the amount we
distribute to you exceeds both your allocable share of our current and
accumulated earnings and profits and your adjusted basis, this excess amount
will be treated as a gain from the sale or exchange of a capital
asset. For risks related to the use of uninvested offering proceeds
or borrowings to fund distributions to stockholders, see “—Risks Related to Our
Organization and Structure—We have not established a minimum distribution
payment level and we cannot assure you of our ability to make distributions in
the future.”
Our
ownership of and relationship with our TRSs will be limited and a failure to
comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in
the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the
securities of one or more TRSs. A TRS may earn specified types of
income or hold specified assets that would not be qualifying income or assets if
earned or held directly by the parent REIT. Both the subsidiary and
the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A
corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the
voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a
TRS. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may
consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. A TRS will pay
federal, state and local income tax at regular corporate rates on any income
that it earns, whether or not it distributes that income to us. In addition, the
TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its
parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of
corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on
certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on
an arm’s-length basis.
Resource TRS will pay federal, state
and local income tax on its taxable income, and its after-tax net income is
available for distribution to us but is not required to be distributed to
us. Income that is not distributed to us by Resource TRS will not be
subject to the REIT 90% distribution requirement and therefore will not be
available for distributions to our stockholders. We anticipate that
the aggregate value of the securities of Resource TRS, together with the
securities we hold in our other TRSs, including Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and
Apidos Cinco CDO, will be less than 20% of the value of our total assets,
including our TRS securities. We will monitor the compliance of our
investments in TRSs with the rules relating to value of assets and transactions
not on an arm’s-length basis. We cannot assure you, however, that we
will be able to comply with such rules.
Complying
with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.
The REIT provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code substantially limit our ability to hedge mortgage-backed securities
and related borrowings. Under these provisions, our annual gross income from
qualifying and non-qualifying hedges of our borrowings, together with any other
income not generated from qualifying real estate assets, cannot exceed 25% of
our gross income. In addition, our aggregate gross income from non-qualifying
hedges, fees and certain other non-qualifying sources cannot exceed 5% of our
annual gross income determined without regard to income from qualifying hedges.
As a result, we might have to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques
or implement those hedges through Resource TRS. This could increase the cost of
our hedging activities or expose us to greater risks associated with changes in
interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear.
The
tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions,
including certain methods of securitizing mortgage loans, that would be treated
as sales for federal income tax purposes.
A REIT’s net income from prohibited
transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited
transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure
property, but including mortgage loans, held primarily for sale to customers in
the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this tax if
we were able to sell or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale
of the loans for federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to
avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain
sales of loans and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization
transactions even though such sales or structures might otherwise be beneficial
to us.
Tax
law changes could depress the market price of our common stock.
The federal income tax laws governing
REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended at any
time. We cannot predict when or if any new federal income tax law or
administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing federal income
tax law or administrative interpretation, will become effective and any such law
or interpretation may take effect retroactively. Tax law changes
could depress our stock price or restrict our operations.
Dividends
paid by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates provided for under
current law.
Dividends paid by REITs are generally
not eligible for the reduced 15% maximum tax rate for dividends paid to
individuals under recently enacted tax legislation. The more
favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause
stockholders who are individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be
relatively less attractive than investments in the stock of non-REIT
corporations that pay dividends to which more favorable rates apply, which could
reduce the value of the stocks of REITs.
We
may lose our REIT qualification or be subject to a penalty tax if the Internal
Revenue Service successfully challenges our characterization of income
inclusions from our foreign TRSs.
We likely will be required to include
in our income, even without the receipt of actual distributions, earnings from
our foreign TRSs, including from our current and contemplated equity investments
in CDOs, such as our investment in Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco
CDO. We intend to treat certain of these income inclusions as
qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test applicable to REITs
but not for purposes of the REIT 75% gross income test. The
provisions that set forth what income is qualifying income for purposes of the
95% gross income test provide that gross income derived from dividends, interest
and other enumerated classes of passive income qualify for purposes of the 95%
gross income test. Income inclusions from equity investments in our foreign TRSs
are technically neither dividends nor any of the other enumerated categories of
income specified in the 95% gross income test for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, and there is no clear precedent with respect to the qualification of
such income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. However, based on
advice of counsel, we intend to treat such income inclusions, to the extent
distributed by a foreign TRS in the year accrued, as qualifying income for
purposes of the 95% gross income test. Nevertheless, because this income does
not meet the literal requirements of the REIT provisions, it is possible that
the IRS could successfully take the position that it is not qualifying income.
In the event that it was determined not to qualify for the 95% gross income
test, we would be subject to a penalty tax with respect to the income to the
extent it and other nonqualifying income exceeds 5% of our gross income and/or
we could fail to qualify as a REIT. See “Federal Income Tax
Consequences of Our Qualification as a REIT.” In addition, if such
income was determined not to qualify for the 95% gross income test, we would
need to invest in sufficient qualifying assets, or sell some of our interests in
our foreign TRSs to ensure that the income recognized by us from our foreign
TRSs or such other corporations does not exceed 5% of our gross income, or cease
to qualify as a REIT.
The
failure of a loan subject to a repurchase agreement or a mezzanine loan to
qualify as a real estate asset would adversely affect our ability to qualify as
a REIT.
We have entered into and we intend to
continue to enter into sale and repurchase agreements under which we nominally
sell certain of our loan assets to a counterparty and simultaneously enter into
an agreement to repurchase the sold assets. We believe that we have
been and will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as the owner of
the loan assets that are the subject of any such agreement notwithstanding that
the agreement may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty
during the term of the agreement. It is possible, however, that the IRS could
assert that we did not own the loan assets during the term of the sale and
repurchase agreement, in which case we could fail to qualify as a
REIT.
In addition, we have acquired and will
continue to acquire mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interest
in a partnership or limited liability company that directly or indirectly owns
real property. In Revenue Procedure 2003-65, the IRS provided a safe harbor
pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it meets each of the requirements
contained in the Revenue Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate
asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and interest derived from the
mezzanine loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of
the REIT 75% income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a
safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of
substantive tax law. We have acquired and will continue to acquire mezzanine
loans that may not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe
harbor. In the event we own a mezzanine loan that does not meet the
safe harbor, the IRS could challenge the loan’s treatment as a real estate asset
for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, and if the challenge were
sustained, we could fail to qualify as a REIT.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF
COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania:
We maintain offices through our
Manager. Our Manager maintains executive and corporate offices at One
Crescent Drive in the Philadelphia Naval Yard Corporate Center under a lease for
13,484 square feet that expires in May 2019. It also leases 21,554
square feet for additional executive office space at 1845 Walnut
Street. This lease, which expires in May 2008, contains extension
options through 2033. The Manager’s commercial finance operations are
located in another office building at 1 Commerce Square, 2005 Market Street
under a lease for 59,448 square feet that expires in August 2013.
New
York City, New York:
Our Manager maintains additional
executive offices in a 19,590 square foot location in New York City at 712
5th
Avenue under a lease agreement that expires in March 2010.
Other:
Our Manager maintains another office in
Los Angeles, California under a lease agreement that expires in August
2009.
ITEM 3. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any material
legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS
TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matter was submitted to a vote of
our security holders during the fourth quarter of 2007.
PART
II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR
REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED
STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market
Information
Our common stock has been listed on the
New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RSO” since our initial public offering
in February 2006. The following table sets forth for the indicated
periods the high and low prices for our common stock, as reported on the New
York Stock Exchange, and the dividends declared and paid during our past two
fiscal years:
High
|
Low
|
Dividends
Declared
|
||||||||||
Fiscal
2007
|
||||||||||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$ | 12.49 | $ | 8.14 | $ | 0.41 | (1) | |||||
Third
Quarter
|
$ | 14.20 | $ | 7.50 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||
Second
Quarter
|
$ | 16.85 | $ | 13.98 | $ | 0.41 | ||||||
First
Quarter
|
$ | 18.78 | $ | 14.67 | $ | 0.39 | ||||||
Fiscal
2006
|
||||||||||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
$ | 17.73 | $ | 15.09 | $ | 0.43 | (2) | |||||
Third
Quarter
|
$ | 15.67 | $ | 12.01 | $ | 0.37 | ||||||
Second
Quarter
|
$ | 14.23 | $ | 12.00 | $ | 0.36 | ||||||
First
Quarter
|
$ | 14.79 | $ | 13.67 | $ | 0.33 |
(1)
|
We
distributed a regular dividend ($0.41) payable on January 14, 2008, for
stockholders of record on December 31,
2007.
|
(2)
|
We
distributed a regular dividend ($0.38) and a special dividend ($0.05),
payable on January 4, 2007, for stockholders of record on December 15,
2006.
|
We are organized and conduct our
operation to qualify as a real estate investment trust, or a REIT, which
requires that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable
income. Therefore, we intend to continue to declare quarterly
distributions on our common stock. No assurance, however, can be
given as to the amounts or timing of future distributions as such distributions
are subject to our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and such
other factors as our board of directors seems relevant.
As of March 10, 2008, there were
25,264,793 common shares outstanding held by 121 persons of record.
Recent
Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered
Securities
In accordance with the provisions of
the management agreement, on July 31, 2007, April 30, 2007 and January 31, 2007
we issued 26,194, 11,349 and 9,960 shares of common stock, respectively, to the
Manager. These shares represented 50% of the Manager’s quarterly
incentive compensation fee that accrued for the three months ended June 30, 2007
and 25% of the Manager’s quarterly incentive compensation fee that accrued for
the three months ended March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006,
respectively. The issuance of these shares was exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2)
thereof.
Performance
Graph
The following line graph presentation
compares cumulative total shareholder returns of our common stock with the
Russell 2000 Index and the NAREIT All REIT Index for the period from February
10, 2006 to December 31, 2007. The graph and table assume that $100
was invested in each of our common stock, the Russell 2000 Index and the NAREIT
All REIT Index on February 10, 2006, and that all dividends were
reinvested. This data was furnished by the Research Data
Group.
For information concerning securities
authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans, see Item 12,
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.”
ITEM
6. SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA
SELECTED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
The following selected financial and
operating information should be read in conjunction with Item 7 – “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and
our financial statements, including the notes, included elsewhere herein (in
thousands, except share data).
As
of and for the Year Ended
|
As
of and for the
Period
from
March
8, 2005
(Date
Operations Commenced) to
|
|||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Consolidated
Statement of Operations Data
|
||||||||||||
REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Net interest
income:
|
||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$ | 176,995 | $ | 137,075 | $ | 61,387 | ||||||
Interest
expense
|
121,564 | 101,851 | 43,062 | |||||||||
Net interest
income
|
55,431 | 35,224 | 18,325 | |||||||||
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
||||||||||||
Management fees – related
party
|
6,554 | 4,838 | 3,012 | |||||||||
Equity compensation − related
party
|
1,565 | 2,432 | 2,709 | |||||||||
Professional
services
|
2,911 | 1,881 | 580 | |||||||||
Insurance
|
466 | 498 | 395 | |||||||||
General and
administrative
|
1,581 | 1,428 | 1,032 | |||||||||
Income tax
expense
|
338 | 67 | − | |||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
13,415 | 11,144 | 7,728 | |||||||||
NET
OPERATING INCOME
|
42,016 | 24,080 | 10,597 | |||||||||
OTHER
(EXPENSES) REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Net realized (losses) gains on
investments
|
(15,098 | ) | (8,627 | ) | 311 | |||||||
Gain on
deconsolidation
|
14,259 | − | − | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease
losses
|
(6,211 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Asset
impairments
|
(26,277 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Other income
|
201 | 153 | − | |||||||||
Total other (loss)
revenue
|
(33,126 | ) | (8,474 | ) | 311 | |||||||
NET
INCOME
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
Consolidated
Balance Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ | 6,029 | $ | 5,354 | $ | 17,729 | ||||||
Restricted
cash
|
119,482 | 30,721 | 23,592 | |||||||||
Available-for-sale
securities, pledged as collateral, at fair value
|
65,464 | 420,997 | 1,362,392 | |||||||||
Available-for-sale
securities, at fair value
|
− | − | 28,285 | |||||||||
Loans,
net of allowances of $5.9 million, $0 and $0
|
1,766,639 | 1,240,288 | 569,873 | |||||||||
Direct
financing leases and notes, net of allowances of $0.3
million,
$0 and $0 and net of unearned
income
|
95,030 | 88,970 | 23,317 | |||||||||
Total
assets
|
2,072,148 | 1,802,829 | 2,045,547 | |||||||||
Borrowings
|
1,760,969 | 1,463,853 | 1,833,645 | |||||||||
Total
liabilities
|
1,800,542 | 1,485,278 | 1,850,214 | |||||||||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
271,606 | 317,551 | 195,333 | |||||||||
Per
Share Data:
|
||||||||||||
Dividends
declared per common share
|
$ | 1.62 | $ | 1.49 | $ | 0.86 | ||||||
Net
income per share − basic
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.89 | $ | 0.71 | ||||||
Net
income per share − diluted
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.87 | $ | 0.71 | ||||||
Weighted
average number of shares outstanding − basic
|
24,610,468 | 17,538,273 | 15,333,334 | |||||||||
Weighted
average number of shares outstanding – diluted
|
24,860,184 | 17,881,355 | 15,405,714 |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion provides
information to assist you in understanding our financial condition and results
of operations. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this
prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking
statements. Actual results could differ materially from those
expressed in or implied by those forward looking statements. Please
see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” for a
discussion of certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with those
statements.
Overview
We are a specialty finance company that
focuses primarily on commercial real estate and commercial
finance. We are organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a
REIT under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended. Our objective is to provide our stockholders with total
returns over time, including quarterly distributions and capital appreciation,
while seeking to manage the risks associated with our investment
strategy. We invest in a combination of real estate-related assets
and, to a lesser extent, higher-yielding commercial finance
assets. We finance a substantial portion of our portfolio investments
through borrowing strategies seeking to match the maturities and repricing dates
of our financings with the maturities and repricing dates of those investments,
and to mitigate interest rate risk through derivative
instruments. Future distributions and capital appreciation are not
guaranteed, however, and we have only limited operating history and REIT
experience upon which you can base an assessment of our ability to achieve our
objectives.
We generate our income primarily from
the spread between the revenues we receive from our assets and the cost to
finance the purchase of those assets and hedge interest rate
risks. We generate revenues from the interest we earn on our whole
loans, A notes, B notes, mezzanine debt, CMBS, bank loans, payments on equipment
leases and notes and other ABS. We use a substantial amount of
leverage to enhance our returns and we finance each of our different asset
classes with different degrees of leverage. The cost of borrowings to
finance our investments comprises a significant part of our
expenses. Our net income will depend on our ability to control these
expenses relative to our revenue. In our bank loans, CMBS, equipment
leases and notes and other ABS, we have used warehouse facilities as a
short-term financing source and CDOs, and, to a lesser extent, other term
financing as a long-term financing source. In our commercial real
estate loan portfolio, we have used repurchase agreements as a short-term
financing source, and CDOs and, to a lesser extent, other term financing as a
long-term financing source. Our other term financing has consisted of
long-term match-funded financing provided through long-term bank financing and
asset-backed financing programs, depending upon market conditions and credit
availability.
Beginning in the second half of 2007,
there have been unprecedented disruptions in the credit markets, abrupt and
significant devaluations of assets directly or indirectly linked to the U.S.
real estate finance markets, and the attendant removal of liquidity, both long
and short term, from the capital markets. These conditions have had,
and we expect will continue to have, an adverse effect on us and companies we
finance. During 2007, we recorded asset impairments of $26.3 million
on our ABS-RMBS portfolio due primarily to credit defaults related to the
residential mortgage sector on securities financed by a collateralized
securitization in which we have invested. This asset impairment was a
primary cause of the reduction in net income in 2007 from 2006. In
addition, during 2007, the market valuation for CMBS in our investment portfolio
was temporarily impaired and, as a result, our ability to finance them was
reduced. While we believe we have appropriately valued the assets in
our investment portfolio at December 31, 2007, we cannot assure you that
further impairment will not occur or that our assets will otherwise not be
adversely effected by market conditions.
The events occurring in the credit
markets have impacted our financing strategies. The market for
securities issued by securitizations collateralized by assets similar to those
in our investment portfolio has contracted severely. While we were
able to sponsor two new securitizations in 2007, we expect our ability to
sponsor new securitizations will be limited for the foreseeable
future. Short-term financing through warehouse lines of credit and
repurchase agreements has become less available and reliable as increasing
volatility in the valuation of assets similar to those we originate has
increased the risk of margin calls. These events have impacted (and
we expect will continue to impact) our ability to finance our business on a
long-term, match-funded basis and may impede our ability to originate loans and
securities.
Beginning in the second half of 2007,
we have focused on managing our exposure to liquidity risks primarily by
reducing our exposure to possible margin calls under repurchase agreements,
seeking to conserve our liquidity. We have continued to manage our
liquidity and originate new assets primarily through capital recycling as
payoffs occur and through existing capacities within our completed
securitizations.
While we recorded asset impairments as
a result of the developments in the credit markets resulting in our reduced net
income in 2007, we declared common dividends of $1.62 per share on estimated
REIT taxable income of approximately $1.71 per share. We reconcile
REIT taxable income, a non-GAAP measure, to GAAP net income and explain how our
management uses this measure in “-REIT Taxable Income,” below. We
expect to continue to generate net investment income from our current investment
portfolio and generate dividends for our shareholders. We are also
seeking to develop new sources of financing, including additional bank
financing, and increased use of co-investment, participations and joint venture
strategies that will enable us to originate investments and generate fee income
while preserving capital.
We consolidate Variable Interest
Entities, or VIEs, if we determine we are the primary beneficiary, in accordance
with Financial Accounting Standards Board, FASB Interpretation 46,
“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as revised, or FIN
46-R”. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we sold ten percent
of our equity investment in Ischus CDO II to an independent third party at
market value. The sale was deemed to be a reconsideration event under
FIN 46-R and we determined we were no longer the primary
beneficiary. Therefore, we deconsolidated Ischus CDO II and wrote
down our investment in the CDO by $15.6 million to market value. We
recorded this loss in net realized gain (loss) on investments on our
consolidated statement of income. Additionally, the losses we recorded on
the sales of the net assets were in excess of our cost basis and we recorded a
gain on the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II of $14.3 million. The losses
on the sales of the net assets were in excess of our cost basis due to the other
than temporary impairments we recorded on investments in securities held by the
CDO. We have recorded the gain on deconsolidation on our consolidated
statement of income. We discuss the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II
in more detail in Note 4 to the notes to our consolidated financial statements
included in Item 8 of this report. We will continue to recognize
income in our investment in Ischus CDO II using the cost recovery
method. From the date of deconsolidation to December 31, 2007, no
income was recognized on this investment but we did collect cash distributions
of $465,000, all of which was applied as a reduction of our
investment. We will continue to manage Ischus CDO II, but our
remaining exposure at December 31, 2007 was $257,000.
Before October 2, 2006, we had a
significant portfolio of agency ABS-RMBS. In order to redeploy the
capital we had invested in this asset class into higher-yielding asset classes,
we entered into an agreement to sell this portfolio on September 27,
2006. The sale settled on October 2, 2006, and we have no
remaining agency ABS-RMBS. We had financed the acquisition of our
agency ABS-RMBS with short-term repurchase arrangements which were paid off upon
settlement of the transaction. We also had sought to mitigate the
risk created by any mismatch between the maturities and repricing dates of our
agency ABS-RMBS and the maturities and repricing dates of the repurchase
agreements we used to finance them through derivative instruments, principally
floating-to-fixed interest rate swap agreements and interest rate cap
agreements. We terminated these derivatives upon completion of the
sale of our agency ABS-RMBS.
As of December 31, 2007, we had
invested 75% of our portfolio in commercial real estate-related assets, 24% in
commercial bank loans and 1% in direct financing leases and notes. As
of December 31, 2006, we had invested 77% of our portfolio in commercial real
estate-related assets, 14% in commercial bank loans, 8% in ABS-RMBS and 1% in
direct financing leases and notes.
Results
of Operations
Our net income for the year ended
December 31, 2007 was $8.9 million, or $0.36 per weighted average common share
(basic and diluted) as compared to $15.6 million, or $0.89 per weighted average
common share (basic and diluted), for the year ended December 31, 2006 and
compared to $10.9 million, or $0.71 per weighted average common shares–basic
($0.71 per weighted average common share-diluted) for the period from March 8,
2005 (date operations commenced) to December 31, 2005.
Interest
Income
The following tables sets forth
information relating to our interest income recognized for the periods presented
(in thousands, except percentages):
As
of and for the Years Ended
|
As
of and for the Period from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced)
to
|
|||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Interest
income:
|
||||||||||||
Interest income from
loans:
|
||||||||||||
Bank
loans
|
$ | 70,183 | $ | 42,526 | $ | 11,903 | ||||||
Commercial real estate
loans
|
67,895 | 28,062 | 2,759 | |||||||||
Total interest income from
loans
|
138,078 | 70,588 | 14,662 | |||||||||
Interest income from securities
available for sale:
|
||||||||||||
Agency
RMBS
|
− | 28,825 | 31,134 | |||||||||
Non-agency
RMBS
|
21,837 | 24,102 | 11,142 | |||||||||
CMBS
|
1,394 | 1,590 | 1,110 | |||||||||
CMBS-private
placement
|
4,082 | 87 | − | |||||||||
Other
|
1,496 | 1,414 | 811 | |||||||||
Private
equity
|
− | 30 | 50 | |||||||||
Total interest income from
securities available-for-sale
|
28,809 | 56,048 | 44,247 | |||||||||
Leasing
|
7,553 | 5,259 | 578 | |||||||||
Interest income –
other:
|
||||||||||||
Interest rate swap
agreements
|
− | 3,755 | − | |||||||||
Temporary investment in
over-night repurchase agreements
|
2,555 | 1,424 | 1,900 | |||||||||
Total interest income –
other
|
2,555 | 5,179 | 1,900 | |||||||||
Total
interest
income
|
$ | 176,995 | $ | 137,074 | $ | 61,387 |
Weighted
Average
|
Weighted
Average
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate
|
Balance
|
Rate
|
Balance
|
Rate
|
Balance
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Year
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
Ended
December
31,
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2007
(1)
|
2007
|
2006
(1)
|
2006
|
2005
(1)
|
2005
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest
income:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income from
loans:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans
|
7.42%
|
$ | 911,514 |
7.41%
|
% | $ | 565,414 |
6.06%
|
$ | 565,414 | ||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate
loans
|
8.58%
|
$ | 781,954 |
8.55%
|
% | $ | 325,301 |
6.90%
|
$ | 325,301 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income from securities
available
for sale:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency RMBS
|
N/A
|
$ | − |
4.60%
|
% | $ | 621,299 |
4.50%
|
$ | 867,388 | ||||||||||||||
Non-agency RMBS
|
7.09%
|
$ | 303,960 |
6.76%
|
% | $ | 344,969 |
5.27%
|
$ | 251,940 | ||||||||||||||
CMBS
|
5.67%
|
$ | 24,549 |
5.65%
|
% | $ | 27,274 |
5.57%
|
$ | 24,598 | ||||||||||||||
CMBS-private
placement
|
6.45%
|
$ | 61,952 |
5.46%
|
% | $ | 1,564 |
5.25%
|
$ | 19,118 | ||||||||||||||
Other
|
6.96%
|
$ | 21,094 |
6.69%
|
% | $ | 21,232 |
N/A
|
$ | − | ||||||||||||||
Private equity
|
N/A
|
$ | − |
16.42%
|
% | $ | 170 |
6.29%
|
$ | 923 | ||||||||||||||
Leasing
|
8.71%
|
$ | 85,092 |
8.57%
|
% | $ | 62,612 |
9.44%
|
$ | 7,625 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income –
other:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap
agreements
|
N/A
|
$ | − |
0.78%
|
% | $ | 511,639 |
0.78%
|
$ | 511,639 | ||||||||||||||
Temporary investment in
over-night
repurchase
agreements
|
N/A
|
$ | − |
N/A
|
$ | − |
N/A
|
$ | − |
(1)
|
Certain
one-time items reflected in interest income have been excluded in
calculating the weighted average rate, since they are not indicative of
expected future results.
|
Year
Ended December 31, 2007 as compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
Interest income increased $39.9 million
(29%) to $177.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, from $137.1
million for the year ended December 31, 2006. We attribute this
increase to the following:
Interest
Income from Loans
Interest income from loans increased
$67.5 million (96%) to $138.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from
$70.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Bank loans generated $70.2 million of
interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $42.5
million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $27.7 million
(65%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
an
increase of $346.1 million in the weighted average balance of loans
primarily from the accumulation of investments by our third bank loan CDO,
Apidos Cinco CDO, which closed on May 30, 2007 and had $331.2 million of
assets at December 31, 2007. In addition, 2007 reflects a full
year of income for Apidos CDO III which closed on May 9, 2006 while the
prior year reflects only a partial year of income. Apidos CDO
III had $270.9 million in assets at December 31,
2007.
|
Commercial real estate loans produced
$67.9 million of interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 as
compared to $28.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of
$39.8 million (142%). This increase resulted from the
following:
|
·
|
an
increase of $456.7 million in the weighted average balance of loans
primarily from the accumulation of investments by our second CRE CDO,
Resource Real Estate Funding 2007-1, or RREF 2007-1, which closed on June
26, 2007 and had $463.0 million of assets at December 31,
2007. In addition, 2007 reflects a full year of income for
Resource Real Estate Funding 2006-1, or RREF 2006-1, which closed on
August 10, 2006 while the prior year reflects only a partial year of
income. RREF 2006-1 had $291.7 million in assets at December
31, 2007; and
|
|
·
|
a
$505,000 acceleration of loan origination fees as a result of loan sales
that are included as part of interest income for the year ended December
31, 2007. There was no such acceleration of fees for the year
ended December 31, 2006.
|
This increase was offset by a decrease
in the interest rate on these loans to 8.06% for the year ended December 31,
2007 from 8.26% for the year ended December 31, 2006, primarily due to the
interest rates on $421.9 million of whole loans we added during the year ended
December 31, 2007.
Interest
Income from Securities Available-for-Sale
The increase in interest income from
loans was offset by a decrease in interest income from securities
available-for-sale. Interest income from securities
available-for-sale decreased $27.2 million (49%) to $28.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007 from $56.0 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. The decrease in interest income from securities
available-for-sale resulted principally from the following:
|
·
|
the
sale of $125.4 million of our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio in January 2006
and the sale of the remaining $753.1 million of these securities in
September 2006. This portfolio had generated $28.8 million of
interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006. As a
result of the sale, we generated no agency ABS-RMBS interest income during
the year ended December 31, 2007;
|
|
·
|
our
non-agency ABS-RMBS contributed $21.8 million of interest income for the
year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to $24.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of $2.3 million (9%) primarily due to
the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II on November 13, 2007 which came as a
result of the sale of a 10% portion of our equity ownership, a
reconsideration event in accordance with FIN 46-R;
and
|
|
·
|
our
CMBS contributed $1.4 million of interest income for the year ended
December 31, 2007, as compared to $1.6 million for the year ended December
31, 2006, a decrease of $196,000 (12%) for the year ended December 31,
2006 primarily due to the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II on November 13,
2007.
|
The decrease was partially offset by
the following:
|
·
|
our
CMBS-private placement portfolio contributed $4.1 million of interest
income for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to $87,000 for
the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $4.0 million (4,592%) due
to the accumulation of securities in this portfolio beginning in December
2006.
|
Interest
Income - Leasing
Our equipment leasing portfolio
generated $7.6 million of interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007
as compared to $5.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of
$2.3 million (44%). This increase resulted from the
following:
|
·
|
the
increase of $22.4 million in the weighted average balance of leases
primarily from the addition of leases we funded following the closing of
our secured term credit facility in March 2006;
and
|
|
·
|
an
increase in the weighted average interest rate on these leases to 8.71%
for the year ended December 31, 2007 from 8.57% for the year ended
December 31, 2006.
|
Interest
Income - Other
The overall increase in interest income
was impacted by a decrease in interest income - other. Interest
income - other decreased $2.6 million (51%) to $2.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2007, as compared to $5.2 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. This was due to interest rate swap agreements which generated
$3.8 million of interest income for the year ended December 31,
2006. Our swaps generated interest expense for the year ended
December 31, 2007 due to reductions in market interest rates which caused the
fixed rate we paid to exceed the floating rate we received under these
agreements during the year.
The decrease of interest income – other
was offset by an increase in our temporary investment income which increased
$1.2 million (79%) to $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from
$1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase is
primarily due to an increase of $1.1 million in sweep income from our two
commercial real estate CDOs, RREF 2006-1 and RREF 2007-1. The year
ended December 31, 2007 contains a full year of income for RREF 2006-1 which
closed in August 2006 and six months of income for RREF 2007-1 which closed at
the end of June 2007. The year ended December 31, 2006 contains four
months of income for RREF 2006-1 and no income for RREF 2007-1.
Year
Ended December 31, 2006 as compared to Period Ended December 31,
2005
During 2005, we were in the process of
acquiring and building our investment portfolio. As a result, we
acquired a substantial amount of commercial real estate loans and commercial
finance assets after the period ended December 31, 2005 had been
completed. This balance sheet trend is important in comparing and
analyzing the results of operations for the 2006 and 2005 periods
presented.
In addition, since we commenced
operations on March 8, 2005, results for the period ended December 31,
2005 reflect less than ten months of activity as compared with the full year
ended December 31, 2006.
Interest income increased $75.7 million
(123%) to $137.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $61.4
million for the period ended December 31, 2005. We attribute
this increase to the following:
Interest
Income from Loans
Interest income from loans increased
$55.9 million (381%) to $70.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from
$14.7 million for the period ended December 31,
2005.
Bank loans generated $42.5 million of
interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $11.9
million for the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $30.6 million
(257%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $433.7 million of bank loans (net of sales of $91.0
million) during the year ended December 31, 2005, which were held for the
entire year ended December 31,
2006.
|
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $366.1 million of bank loans (net of sales of $128.5
million) since December 31, 2005.
|
|
·
|
An
increase in the weighted average interest rate on these loans to 7.41% for
the year ended December 31, 2006 from 6.06% for the period ended December
31, 2005 due primarily to the increase in the London Interbank Offered
Rate, or LIBOR.
|
These acquisitions and the increase in
weighted average rate were partially offset by the receipt of principal payments
on bank loans totaling $150.4 million since December 31, 2005.
Commercial real estate loans produced
$28.1 million of interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 as
compared to $2.8 million for the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of
$25.3 million (917%). This increase resulted entirely from the
following:
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $454.3 million of commercial real estate loans (net of
principal payments of $55.2 million) during the year ended December 31,
2006.
|
|
·
|
The
increase of the weighted average interest rate on these loans to 8.44% for
the year ended December 31, 2006 from 6.90% for the period ended December
31, 2005 due primarily to the increase in interest rates earned
on assets acquire during 2006.
|
Interest
Income from Securities Available-for-Sale
Interest income from securities
available-for-sale increased $11.8 million (27%) to $56.0 million for the year
ended December 31, 2006, from $44.2 million for the period ended December 31,
2005.
ABS-RMBS contributed $24.1 million of
interest income for year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $11.1 million
for the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $13.0 million
(117%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $348.2 million of ABS-RMBS (net of sales of $3.0 million)
during the period ended December 31, 2005, which was held for the entire
year ended December 31, 2006,
respectively.
|
|
·
|
An
increase in the weighted average interest rate on these securities to
6.76% for the year ended December 31, 2006 from 5.27% for the period ended
December 31, 2005 due primarily to the increase in
LIBOR.
|
These acquisitions and the increase in
the weighted average rate were partially offset by the receipt of principal
payments on ABS-RMBS totaling $3.0 million since December 31, 2005.
CMBS contributed $1.6 million for the
year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $1.1 million for the period ended
December 31, 2005, an increase of $500,000 (45%). This increase
resulted primarily from the following:
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $28.0 million of CMBS during the period ended December 31,
2005, which were held for the entire year ended December 31,
2006.
|
|
·
|
An
increase in the weighted average interest rate on these securities to
5.65% for the year ended December 31, 2006 from 5.57% for the period ended
December 31, 2005 due primarily to the increase in
LIBOR.
|
Other ABS contributed $1.4 million of
interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $811,000 for
the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $589,000
(73%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
The
acquisition of $23.1 million of ABS (net of sales of $5.5 million) during
the period ended December 31, 2005, which were held for the entire year
ended December 31, 2006.
|
|
·
|
An
increase in the weighted average interest rate on these securities to
6.70% for the year ended December 31, 2006 from 5.25% for the period ended
December 31, 2005 due primarily to the increase in
LIBOR.
|
These acquisitions and the increase in
the weighted average rate were partially offset by the receipt of principal
payments on other ABS totaling $1.5 million since December 31,
2005.
CMBS-private placement contributed
$87,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006 due to the purchase of $30.1
million of securities in December 2006. We held no such securities
for the period ended December 31, 2005.
These increases were partially offset
by the decrease in interest income from our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio which
generated $28.8 million of interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006
as compared to $31.1 million for the period ended December 31, 2005, a decrease
of $2.3 million (7%). This change primarily resulted from the
sell-off of our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio beginning in January 2006 with the
sale of approximately $125.4 million of portfolio securities and the sale of the
remaining $753.1 million of portfolio securities in September 2006.
Interest
Income from Leases
Interest income on our equipment
leasing portfolio increased $4.7 million (810%) to $5.3 million for the year
ended December 31, 2006, as compared to $578,000 for the period ended December
31, 2005, resulting from the purchase of $64.8 million of equipment leases and
notes (net of principal payments and sales of $41.9 million) subsequent to
December 31, 2005.
Interest
Income — Other
Interest income − other increased $3.3
million (173%) to $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared
to $1.9 million for the period ended December 31, 2005.
Interest rate swap agreements generated
$3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 resulting from increases in
the floating rate index we receive under our swap agreements. During
the prior year, the floating rate we received did not exceed the fixed rate we
paid under these same agreements. The resulting interest expense of
$516,000 was included in general interest expense for the period ended December
31, 2005. As a result, no interest income from interest rate swap
agreements was generated for the year ended December 31,
2005.
Interest
Expense
Year
Ended December 31, 2007 as compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
The following tables set forth
information relating to our interest expense incurred for the periods presented
(in thousands, except percentages):
As
of and for the Years Ended
|
As
of and for the Period from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced)
to
|
|||||||||||
December
31,
|
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense:
|
||||||||||||
Bank loans
|
$ | 52,466 | $ | 30,903 | $ | 8,149 | ||||||
Commercial real estate
loans
|
37,184 | 14,436 | 1,090 | |||||||||
Agency RMBS
|
− | 28,607 | 23,256 | |||||||||
Non-agency / CMBS /
ABS
|
19,794 | 21,666 | 10,003 | |||||||||
CMBS – private
placement
|
1,223 | 83 | − | |||||||||
Leasing
|
5,595 | 3,659 | − | |||||||||
General
|
5,302 | 2,497 | 564 | |||||||||
Total
interest expense
|
$ | 121,564 | $ | 101,851 | $ | 43,062 |
Weighted
Average
|
Weighted
Average
|
Weighted
Average
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate
|
Balance
|
Rate
|
Balance
|
Rate
|
Balance
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Year
Ended
December
31,
|
Year
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
Ended
December
31,
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2007
(1)
|
2007
|
2006
(1)
|
2006
|
2005
(1)
|
2005
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest
expense:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans
|
5.96%
|
$ | 868,345 |
5.61%
|
$ | 535,894 |
4.18%
|
$ | 234,701 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate
loans
|
6.29%
|
$ | 582,173 |
6.42%
|
$ | 224,844 |
5.15%
|
$ | 25,406 | |||||||||||||||
Agency RMBS
|
N/A
|
N/A |
5.01%
|
$ | 560,269 |
3.49%
|
$ | 810,868 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-agency / CMBS /
ABS
|
5.93%
|
$ | 326,458 |
5.69%
|
$ | 376,000 |
4.26%
|
$ | 282,646 | |||||||||||||||
CMBS – private
placement
|
5.84%
|
$ | 20,571 |
5.40%
|
$ | 1,519 |
N/A
|
N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Leasing
|
6.68%
|
$ | 83,405 |
6.51%
|
$ | 57,214 |
N/A
|
N/A | ||||||||||||||||
General
|
9.91%
|
$ | 51,981 |
9.52%
|
$ | 24,916 |
0.09%
|
$ | 709,997 |
(1)
|
Certain
one-time items reflected in interest expense have been excluded in
calculating the weighted average rate, since they are not indicative of
expected future results.
|
Interest expense increased $19.7
million (19%) to $121.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, from
$101.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. We attribute
this increase to the following:
Interest expense on bank loans was
$52.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to $30.9 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $21.6 million
(70%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
The
increase of $332.5 million in the weighted average balance of debt
primarily related to the accumulation of investments by, and the closing
of our third bank loan CDO, Apidos Cinco CDO, which closed on May 30, 2007
and issued $322.0 of debt. In addition, the current year
reflects a full year of interest expense for Apidos CDO III which issued
$262.5 million of debt and closed on May 9, 2006. The prior
year reflected only eight months of such interest
expense.
|
|
·
|
The
weighted average rate on the debt related to bank loans increased to 5.82%
for the year ended December 31, 2007, from 5.46% for the year ended
December 31, 2006 due primarily to the increase in
LIBOR.
|
|
·
|
We
amortized $1.2 million of deferred debt issuance costs related to our CDO
financings for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to $785,000 for
the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase resulted
primarily from the addition of Apidos Cinco CDO and a full year of
deferred debt issuance cost amortization for Apidos CDO
III.
|
Interest expense on commercial real
estate loans was $37.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared
to $14.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $22.8
million (158%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
An
increase of $357.3 million in the weighted average balance of debt
primarily from the accumulation of investments of our second CRE CDO, RREF
2007-1 which closed on June 26, 2007 and issued $348.9 million of debt at
that time. In addition, the current year reflects a full year
of interest expense for RREF 2006-1 which closed on August 10, 2006 and
issued $265.5 million in debt, while the prior year reflects only five
months of such interest expense.
|
|
·
|
We
amortized $1.4 million of deferred debt issuance costs related to our CDOs
and repurchase facility financings for the year ended December 31, 2007,
compared to $376,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006 due to primarily
a full year of expense from RREF 2006-1, six months of expense from RREF
2007-1 and the closing costs of our three year term facility that closed
in April 2007.
|
This
increase was offset by a decrease in the weighted average rate on our financings
from 6.25% for the year ended December 31, 2006 to 6.05% at December 31, 2007
primarily due to the issuance of long-term debt by RREF 2006-1 in August 2006
and RREF 2007-1 in June 2007 and the related reduction in repurchase agreement
debt for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December
31, 2006.
Interest expense on CMBS-private
placement was $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to
$83,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $1.1 million due to
the accumulation of securities in this portfolio beginning in December
2006. There were no such assets prior to December 2006.
Interest
expense on our equipment leasing portfolio was $5.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2007, as compared to $3.7 million for the year ended December 31,
2006, an increase of $1.9 million (53%). The increase for the year
ended December 31, 2007 resulted from an increase in the amount of direct
financing leases and notes we acquired and the related financing after March 31,
2006 and through September 30, 2007. The assets were acquired with
cash until the facility closed on March 31, 2006 when we entered into a secured
term facility. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2007 was
also the result of an increase in the weighted average rate from 6.51% for the
year ended December 31, 2006, to 6.68% for the year ended December 31, 2007 due
to an increase in the commercial paper rate.
General interest expense was $5.3
million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to $2.5 million for
the year ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $2.8 million
(112%). This increase resulted from an increase of $2.8 million in
interest expense on our unsecured junior subordinated debentures held by
unconsolidated trusts that issued trust preferred securities which were not
issued until May 2006 and September 2006, respectively.
These increases in interest expense
were offset by the following:
|
·
|
Agency
ABS-RMBS generated $28.6 million in interest expense for the year ended
December 31, 2006. No such expense was incurred for the year
ended December 31, 2007 since we sold our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio in
January and September 2006 and repaid the related
debt.
|
|
·
|
ABS-RMBS,
CMBS and other asset-backed securities were pooled and financed by Ischus
CDO II. Interest expense related to these obligations was $19.8
million for the year ended December 31, 2007, as compared to $21.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of $1.9 million
(9%). This decrease resulted primarily from the deconsolidation
of Ischus CDO II on November 13, 2007 as a result of the sale of a 10%
portion of our equity ownership, a reconsideration event In accordance
with FIN 46-R.
|
Year
Ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the Period Ended December 31,
2005
During 2005, while we were in the
process of acquiring and building our investment portfolio, our borrowing
obligations grew in tandem with the related underlying assets. In
2006, we continued to expand our investment portfolio and the amount of our
borrowings. In addition, we repaid some of the borrowings existing
during 2005 with new borrowings in 2006. These borrowing trends are
important in comparing and analyzing interest expense for the 2006 and 2005
periods presented.
In addition, since we commenced
operations on March 8, 2005, results for the period ended December 31, 2005
reflect less than ten months of activity as compared with a full year of
activity for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Interest expense increased $58.8
million (136%) to $101.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from
$43.1 million for the period ended December 31, 2005. We attribute
this increase to the following:
Interest expense on bank loans was
$30.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $8.1 million
for the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $22.8 million
(281%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
As
a result of the continued acquisitions of bank loans after the closing of
Apidos CDO I, we financed our second bank loan CDO (Apidos CDO III) in May
2006. Apidos CDO III issued $262.5 million of senior notes into
several classes with rates ranging from three-month LIBOR plus 0.26% to
three-month LIBOR plus 4.25%. We used the Apidos CDO III
proceeds to repay borrowings under a warehouse facility which had a
balance at the time of repayment of $222.6 million. The
weighted average interest rate on the senior notes was 5.58% for the year
ended December 31, 2006 as compared to 4.24% for the period ended December
31, 2005 on the warehouse facility which began accumulating assets in July
2005.
|
|
·
|
In
August 2005, Apidos CDO I issued $321.5 million of senior notes consisting
of several classes with rates ranging from three-month LIBOR plus 0.26% to
a fixed rate of 9.25%. The Apidos CDO I financing proceeds were
used to repay borrowings under a related warehouse facility, which had a
balance at the time of repayment of $219.8 million. The
weighted average interest rate on the senior notes was 5.47% for the year
ended December 31, 2006 as compared to 4.08% on the warehouse facility and
senior notes for the period ended December 31,
2005.
|
|
·
|
The
weighted average balance of debt related to bank loans increased by $301.2
million to $535.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2006 from $234.7
million for the period ended December 31,
2005.
|
|
·
|
We
amortized $785,000 of deferred debt issuance costs related to the CDO
financings for the year ended December 31, 2006 and $213,000 for the
period ended December 31, 2005. This increase resulted from the
addition of Apidos CDO III and a full year of deferred debt issuance costs
amortization for Apidos CDO I.
|
Interest expense on commercial real
estate loans was $14.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared
to $1.1 million for the period ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $13.3
million (1,209%). This increase resulted primarily from the
following:
|
·
|
We
closed our first commercial real estate loan CDO, Resource Real Estate
Funding CDO 2006-1 in August 2006. Resource Real Estate Funding
CDO 2006-1 issued $308.7 million of senior notes at par consisting of
several classes with rates ranging from one month LIBOR plus 0.32% to
one-month LIBOR plus 3.75%. Prior to August 10, 2006, we
financed these commercial real estate loans primarily with repurchase
agreements. The Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1
financing proceeds were used to repay a majority of these repurchase
agreements, which had a balance at August 10, 2006 of $189.6
million. The weighted average interest rate on the repurchase
agreements was 6.07% for the period from January 1, 2006 to August 10,
2006 and was 6.17% on the senior notes from August 10, 2006 through
December 31, 2006.
|
|
·
|
We
financed the growth of our commercial real estate loan portfolio after the
closing of Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1 primarily through
repurchase agreements. We had weighted average balances of
$224.8 million and $25.4 million of repurchase agreements outstanding at
each of December 31, 2006 and
2005.
|
|
·
|
We
had a weighted average interest rate of 6.42% for the year ended December
31, 2006 as compared to 5.15% for the period ended December 31, 2005 due
primarily to changes in LIBOR and increased spreads on repurchase
agreements.
|
|
·
|
We
amortized $233,000 of deferred debt issuance costs related to Resource
Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1 for the year ended December 31,
2006. No such costs were incurred during the period ended
December 31, 2005.
|
Interest expense related to agency
ABS-RMBS repurchase agreements was $28.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2006 as compared to $23.3 million for the period ended December 31, 2005 an
increase of $5.3 million (23%). This increase resulted primarily from
the following:
|
·
|
The
weighted average interest rate on these repurchase agreement obligations
increased to 5.01% for the year ended December 31, 2006 from 3.49% for the
period ended December 31, 2005 due primarily to increases in
LIBOR.
|
|
·
|
The
increase in rates was partially offset by a decrease in the average
balance of our repurchase agreements financing our agency ABS-RMBS
portfolio. Our average repurchase obligations during the year
ended December 31, 2006 was $560.3 million as compared with $810.9 million
for the period ended December 31, 2005 due to the partial sale of our
agency ABS-RMBS portfolio in January 2006 and the subsequent sale of our
remaining agency ABS-RMBS in September
2006.
|
ABS-RMBS, CMBS and other ABS, which we
refer to collectively as ABS, were pooled and financed by Ischus CDO
II. Interest expense related to these obligations was $21.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $10.0 million for the period
ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $11.7 million (117%). This
increase resulted primarily from the following:
|
·
|
The
weighted average interest rate on the senior notes issued by Ischus CDO II
was 5.69% for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to 4.26% on the
warehouse facility and senior notes for the period ended December 31,
2005.
|
|
·
|
In
July 2005, Ischus CDO II issued $376.0 million of senior notes consisting
of several classes with rates ranging from one-month LIBOR plus 0.27% to
one-month LIBOR plus 2.85%. The Ischus CDO II proceeds were
used to repay borrowings under a related warehouse facility, which had a
balance at the time of repayment of $317.8 million and a weighted-average
balance of $282.6 million during the period ended December 31,
2005.
|
|
·
|
We
amortized $591,000 of deferred debt issuance costs related to the Ischus
CDO II financing for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared with
$248,000 for the period ended December 31,
2005.
|
Interest expense on CMBS-private
placement was $83,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006 due to the purchase
and financing of two assets in December 2006. There was no interest
expense for the period ended December 31, 2005.
Interest expense on our equipment
leasing portfolio was $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006
resulting from the financing of direct financing leases and notes acquired
beginning in September 2005 with our secured term credit
facility. There was no interest expense for the period ended December
31, 2005 because the term credit facility did not exist until March
2006. At December 31, 2006, we had an outstanding balance of $84.7
million with an interest rate of 6.33%.
General interest expense was $2.5
million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $564,000 for the
period ended December 31, 2005 an increase $1.9 million (337%). This
increase resulted primarily from the following:
|
·
|
An
increase of $2.1 million in interest expense on our unsecured junior
subordinated debentures held by unconsolidated trusts that issued trust
preferred securities which were not issued until May 2006 and September
2006, respectively.
|
|
·
|
An
increase in interest expense on our credit facility of $320,000 which was
not entered into until December
2005.
|
These
increases were offset by a $516,000 decrease in interest expense related to
interest rate swap agreements. During 2006, the floating rate we received
exceeded the fixed rate we paid under these agreements generating interest
income. This interest income is classified as “Interest income – other” on
our Consolidated Statement of Income.
Non-Investment
Expenses
The following table sets forth
information relating to our non-investment expenses incurred for the periods
presented (in thousands):
Years
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Non-investment
expenses:
|
||||||||||||
Management fees - related
party
|
$ | 6,554 | $ | 4,838 | $ | 3,012 | ||||||
Equity compensation – related
party
|
1,565 | 2,432 | 2,709 | |||||||||
Professional
services
|
2,911 | 1,881 | 580 | |||||||||
Insurance
|
466 | 498 | 395 | |||||||||
General and
administrative
|
1,581 | 1,428 | 1,032 | |||||||||
Income tax
expense
|
338 | 67 | − | |||||||||
Total
non-investment expenses
|
$ | 13,415 | $ | 11,144 | $ | 7,728 |
Year
Ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the Year Ended December 31,
2006
Management
fees – related party increased $1.8 million (35%) to $6.6 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $4.8 million for the year ended December
31, 2006. These amounts represent compensation in the form of base
management fees and incentive management fees pursuant to our management
agreement. The base management fees increased by $1.4 million (37%)
to $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $3.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase was due to
increased equity as a result of our public offerings in February and December
2006 and the January 2007 exercise of the over-allotment option that was part of
the December 2006 follow-on offering. Equity is a principal component
of the management fee calculation. See Item 1, “Business-Management
Agreement.” Incentive management fees increased by $355,000 (32%) to
$1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $1.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 2006. The incentive fee is calculated for each
quarter and the calculation in any quarter is not affected by the results of any
other quarter. During the first two quarters of 2006 and 2007,
adjusted net income increased $8.9 million causing a $1.1 million increase in
incentive management fees. No incentive management fee was paid for
the quarters ended December 31, 2007, September 30, 2007 or September 30,
2006 because adjusted net income thresholds, as defined in the management
agreement (see Note 12) were not met.
Equity compensation – related party
decreased $867,000 (36%) to $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as
compared to $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. These
expenses relate to the amortization of the March 8, 2005 grant of
restricted common stock to the Manager, the March 8, 2005, 2006 and 2007
grants of restricted common stock to our non-employee independent directors, the
March 8, 2005 grant of options to the Manager to purchase common stock, the
January 5, 2007 grant of restricted stock to several employees of Resource
America, Inc., or Resource America, who provide investment management services
to us through our Manager, a June 27, 2007 grant of performance shares to two
employees of Resource America and several grants of restricted common stock to
various employees of our Manager in October and December 2007. The
decrease in expense was primarily the result of the vesting of two thirds of the
stock and options related to the March 8, 2005 grants of restricted stock and
options to the Manager on March 8, 2006 and March 8, 2007 as well as an
adjustment related to our quarterly remeasurement of unvested stock and options
granted to the Manager to reflect changes in the fair value of our common
stock. This was offset by expense related to the January 5, 2007,
June 27, 2007 and the October and December 2007 grants.
Professional services increased $1.0
million (55%) to $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared
to $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 due to the
following:
|
·
|
Increase
of $391,000 in audit and tax fees for the year ended December 31, 2007 due
to the timing of when the services were performed and
billed.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $151,000 in LEAF servicing expense for the year ended December 31, 2007
due to the increase in managed assets in the year ended December 31,
2007.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $135,000 in fees associated with our Sarbanes-Oxley compliance for the
year ended December 31, 2007.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $170,000 in trustee fees with respect to our CDOs and increases of
$71,000 in agreed-upon procedures fees to independent audit firms for the
year ended December 31, 2007 due to two CDO vehicles closing subsequent to
December 31, 2006. There were no such fees for the year ended
December 31, 2006.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $117,000 in legal fees due to our having been subject to a full year of
reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.
|
General and administrative expenses
increased $151,000 (11%) to $1.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2007 as compared to $1.4 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. These expenses include expense reimbursements to our Manager,
rating agency expenses and all other operating costs incurred. The
increase is due to the following:
|
·
|
Increase
of $203,000 in rating agency and other fees with respect to our CDOs for
the year ended December 31, 2007 due to two CDO vehicles closing
subsequent to December 31, 2006. There were no such fees for
the year ended December 31, 2006.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $172,000 in director’s fees for the year ended December 31, 2007 due to
the new fees paid to members of the investment committee who approve all
investments in commercial real estate
mortgages.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $66,000 in bad debt expense for the year ended December 31, 2007
related to several assets in our bank loan portfolio. There was
no such expense for the year ended December 31,
2006.
|
|
·
|
Increase
of $126,000 in other general and administrative expenses including bank
fees related to cost of servicing our commercial real estate portfolio,
printing fees for our first proxy filing, dues and subscriptions, and
travel due to our growing portfolio for the year ended December 31,
2007.
|
These were offset by a decrease in
reimbursed expenses to our Manager of $447, 000 for the year ended December 31,
2007 due to a determination by our Manager not to seek reimbursement of a
portion of general office expenses for which reimbursement is permitted under
our management agreement.
Income tax expense increased $271,000
(404%) to $338,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $67,000
for the year ended December 31, 2006 due to an increase in taxable income
related to Resource TRS, our domestic taxable REIT
subsidiary. Resource TRS had no taxable income for the period from
January 1, 2006 through December 15, 2006.
Year
Ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the Period Ended December 31,
2005
Since we commenced operations on
March 8, 2005, results for the period ended December 31, 2005 reflect less
than ten months of activity as compared with the full year ended December 31,
2006.
Management fees – related party
increased $1.8 million (60%) to $4.8 million for the year ended December
31, 2006 as compared to $3.0 million for the period ended December 31,
2005. Base management fees increased by $1.0 million (37%) to
$3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $2.7 million
for the period ended December 31, 2005. This increase was due to
increased equity as a result of our public offerings in February and December
2006. Incentive management fees increased by $756,000 (220%) to $1.1
million from $344,000, primarily due to the incentive management fee only being
paid for one quarter during the period ended December 31, 2005 as compared to
being paid for three quarters during the year ended December 31,
2006.
Equity compensation – related party decreased $300,000 (11%) to $2.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $2.7 million for the
period ended December 31, 2005. These expenses relate to the
amortization of the March 8, 2005 grant of restricted common stock to the
Manager, the March 8, 2005 and 2006 grants of restricted common stock to
our non-employee independent directors and the March 8, 2005 grant of
options to the Manager to purchase common stock. The decreases in
expense were primarily the result of an adjustment related to our quarterly
remeasurement of unvested stock and options to the Manager to reflect changes in
the fair value of our common stock.
Professional services expense increased
$1.3 million (224%) to $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as
compared to $580,000 for the period ended December 31, 2005. This
increase was primarily due to an $308,000 increase in consultant and tax fees
associated with the closing of Apidos CDO III and an increase of $162,000 in
legal fees in connection with our general corporate operations and
compliance. There was also a $214,000 increase in administrative fees
in connection with the closing of Apidos CDO III and RREF 2006-1. In
addition, there was an increase of $595,000 in LEAF servicing expense due to the
increase in managed assets in the year ended December 31, 2006.
Insurance expense increased $103,000
(26%) to $498,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to
$395,000 for the period ended December 31, 2005. These amounts
represent expense related to our purchase of directors’ and officers’
insurance. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2006 was due
to the fact that the period ended December 31, 2005 did not contain a full year
of operations, but rather covered the period from our initial date of
operations, March 8, 2005, through December 31, 2005, as compared to the
full year ended December 31, 2006.
General and administrative expenses
increased $396,000 (38%) to $1.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006 as compared to $1.0 million for the period ended December
31, 2005. These expenses include expense reimbursements to our
Manager, rating agency expenses and all other operating costs
incurred. These increases were primarily the result of the addition
of rating agency fees associated with our four CDOs, two of which closed
subsequent to December 31, 2005, as well as to an increase in general operating
expenses, primarily from bank fees and printing expenses.
Other
(Expenses) Revenues
The following table sets forth
information relating to our other (expenses) revenues incurred for the periods
presented (in thousands):
Years
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Other
(expenses) revenues
|
||||||||||||
Net realized (loss) gain on
investments
|
$ | (15,098 | ) | $ | (8,627 | ) | $ | 311 | ||||
Gain on deconsolidation of
VIE
|
14,259 | − | − | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease
losses
|
(6,211 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Asset
impairments
|
(26,277 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Other income
|
201 | 154 | − | |||||||||
Total
(expenses) revenues
|
$ | (33,126 | ) | $ | (8,473 | ) | $ | 311 |
Year
Ended December 31, 2007 as compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
Net realized losses on investments
increased $6.5 million (75%) to a loss of $15.1 million for the year ended
December 31, 2007 from a loss of $8.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. Realized losses during the year ended December 31, 2007
consisted primarily of a $15.6 million realized gross loss on deconsolidation of
Ischus CDO II. Realized losses during the year ended December 31,
2006 primarily consisted of $12.2 million of gross losses related to the sale of
our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio, offset by a $2.6 million gain on termination of
our amortizing swap agreement in connection with the sale of our agency ABS-RMBS
portfolio in September 2006.
Gain on deconsolidation of VIE of
$14.3 million is due to the partial sale of equity in Ischus CDO II, which was
determined to be a reconsideration event under FIN 46-R and resulted in the
deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II in November 2007. Ischus CDO II had
previously been a consolidated entity (see “Overview”).
Our provision for loan and lease losses
was $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. It consisted
of a $2.8 million provision for loan loss on our bank loan portfolio, a $3.2
million provision on our commercial real estate portfolio and a $293,000
provision for lease loss on our direct financing leases and
notes. There were no such provisions for the year ended December 31,
2006. The increase in the provision for loan and lease losses was due
to payment defaults on two bank loans and three leases and declining credit
market conditions in the second half of 2007.
Asset impairments of $26.3 million
consisted entirely of other-than-temporary impairment on assets in our ABS-RMBS
portfolio held by Ischus CDO II. During the second and third quarters
of 2007 we experienced illiquidity in the sub-prime market and deteriorating
delinquency characteristics of the mortgages underlying Ischus CDO II’s
investments. These trends together with significant rating agency actions
supported the need to further reevaluate the level of asset impairments in
Ischus CDO II’s ABS-RMBS portfolio. The asset impairments recorded reflect
these declining market conditions. There was no such impairment for
the year ended December 31, 2006. These impairments were partially
recaptured as part of our gain on the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II (see
“Overview”).
Other income increased $47,000 (31%) to
$201,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $154,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2006, primarily due to an increase of $83,000 in dividend income
related to the common shares held in two unconsolidated trusts that issued trust
preferred securities for our benefit. See “ – Financial Condition –
Trust Preferred Securities,” below. The trust had a full year of
operations in 2007 compared to a partial year in 2006. These
increases were offset by a decrease in consulting fee income of approximately
$35,000.
Year
Ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the Period Ended December 31,
2005
Net realized losses on investments for
the year ended December 31, 2006 of $8.6 million consisted of $12.2 million of
gross losses related to the sale of our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio, offset by a
$2.6 million gain on termination of our amortizing swap agreement in connection
with the sale of our agency ABS-RMBS portfolio in September 2006, $279,000 of
net realized gains on the sale of bank loans and $807,000 of gains related to
the early termination of equipment leases. Net realized gains on
investments for the period ended December 31, 2005 of $311,000 primarily
consisted of $307,000 of gains related to the sale of bank loans.
Other income for the year ended
December 31, 2006 of $164,000 consisted of $90,000 of consulting fee income and
$63,000 of dividend income. There was no such income for the period
ended December 31, 2005.
Income
Taxes
We do not pay federal income tax on
income we distribute to our stockholders, subject to our compliance with REIT
qualification requirements. However, Resource TRS, our domestic TRS,
is taxed as a regular subchapter C corporation under the provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, Resource TRS recorded a $338,000 and $67,000 provision for income taxes,
respectively. As of December 31, 2005, we did not conduct any of our
operations through Resource TRS.
Financial
Condition
Summary
Our total assets at December 31, 2007
were $2.1 billion as compared to $1.8 billion at December 31,
2006. The increase in total assets was principally due to the
acquisition of assets for two CDOs that closed during the year ended December
31, 2007. The additional CDOs also led to an increase in our
restricted cash. This increase in assets was partially offset by the
deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II during November 2007. As a result of
the closing of two CDOs, borrowings also increased. The increase in
borrowings was also partially offset by the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II in
November 2007.
Investment
Portfolio
The following tables summarize the
amortized cost and estimated fair value of our investment portfolio as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, classified by interest rate type. The
following table includes both (i) the amortized cost of our investment portfolio
and the related dollar price, which is computed by dividing amortized cost by
par amount, and (ii) the estimated fair value of our investment portfolio and
the related dollar price, which is computed by dividing the estimated fair value
by par amount (in thousands, except percentages):
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
Estimated
fair value
|
Dollar
price
|
Estimated
fair value less amortized cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||||||||||||||
December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Floating
rate
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CMBS-private
placement
|
$ | 54,132 |
93.40%
|
$ | 41,524 |
71.65%
|
$ | (12,608 | ) |
-21.75%
|
||||||||||||||
Other
ABS
|
5,665 |
94.42%
|
900 |
15.00%
|
(4,765 | ) |
-79.42%
|
|||||||||||||||||
B
notes (1)
|
33,570 |
100.10%
|
33,486 |
99.85%
|
(84 | ) |
-0.25%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine
loans (1)
|
141,894 |
100.09%
|
141,539 |
99.83%
|
(355 | ) |
-0.26%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Whole
loans (1)
|
430,776 |
99.35%
|
429,699 |
99.10%
|
(1,077 | ) |
-0.25%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Bank
loans (2)
|
931,101 |
100.00%
|
874,736 |
93.95%
|
(56,365 | ) |
-6.05%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total floating
rate
|
$ | 1,597,138 |
99.58%
|
$ | 1,521,884 |
94.88%
|
$ | (75.254 | ) |
-4.69%
|
||||||||||||||
Fixed
rate
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CMBS
– private placement
|
$ | 28,241 |
98.95%
|
$ | 23,040 |
80.73%
|
$ | (5,201 | ) |
-18.22%
|
||||||||||||||
B
notes (1)
|
56,007 |
100.17%
|
55,867 |
99.92%
|
(140 | ) |
-0.25%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine
loans (1)
|
81,268 |
94.69%
|
80,016 |
93.23%
|
(1,252 | ) |
-1.46%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Whole
loans (1)
|
97,942 |
99.24%
|
97,697 |
98.99%
|
(245 | ) |
-0.25%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Equipment
leases and notes (3)
|
95,323 |
100.00%
|
95,030 |
99.69%
|
(293 | ) |
-0.31%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total fixed
rate
|
$ | 358,781 |
98.49%
|
$ | 351,650 |
96.53%
|
$ | (7,131 | ) |
-1.96%
|
||||||||||||||
Grand
total
|
$ | 1.955,919 |
99.37%
|
$ | 1,873,534 |
95.19%
|
$ | (82,385 | ) |
-4.18%
|
(1)
|
Estimated
fair value of B notes, mezzanine loans and whole loans includes a
provision for loan losses of $3.2 million at December 31,
2007.
|
(2)
|
Estimated
fair value includes a $2.7 million provision for loan losses at December
31, 2007.
|
(3)
|
Estimated
fair value includes a $293,000 provision for lease losses at December
31, 2007.
|
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
Estimated
fair value
|
Dollar
price
|
Estimated
fair value less amortized cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||||||||||||||
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Floating
rate
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
ABS-RMBS
|
$ | 342,496 |
99.22%
|
$ | 336,968 |
97.62%
|
$ | (5,528 | ) |
-1.60%
|
||||||||||||||
CMBS
|
401 |
100.00%
|
406 |
101.25%
|
|
5 |
1.25%
|
|||||||||||||||||
CMBS-private
placement
|
30,055 |
100.00%
|
30,055 |
100.00%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Other
ABS
|
17,539 |
99.87%
|
17,669 |
100.61%
|
130 |
0.74%
|
||||||||||||||||||
A
notes
|
42,515 |
100.04%
|
42,515 |
100.04%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
B
notes
|
147,196 |
100.03%
|
147,196 |
100.03%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine
loans
|
105,288 |
100.07%
|
105,288 |
100.07%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Whole
loans
|
190,768 |
99.06%
|
190,768 |
99.06%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Bank
loans
|
613,981 |
100.15%
|
613,540 |
100.08%
|
(441 | ) |
-0.07%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total floating
rate
|
$ | 1,490,239 |
99.77%
|
$ | 1,484,405 |
99.38%
|
$ | (5,834 | ) |
-0.39%
|
||||||||||||||
Fixed
rate
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
ABS-RMBS
|
$ | 6,000 |
100.00%
|
$ | 5,880 |
98.00%
|
$ | (120 | ) |
-2.00%
|
||||||||||||||
CMBS
|
27,550 |
98.77%
|
27,031 |
96.91%
|
(519 | ) |
-1.86%
|
|||||||||||||||||
Other
ABS
|
2,987 |
99.97%
|
2,988 |
100.00%
|
1 |
0.03%
|
||||||||||||||||||
B
notes
|
56,390 |
100.22%
|
56,390 |
100.22%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine
loans
|
83,901 |
94.06%
|
83,901 |
94.06%
|
− |
0.00%
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Bank
loans
|
249 |
100.00%
|
249 |
100.00%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Equipment
leases and notes
|
88,970 |
100.00%
|
88,970 |
100.00%
|
− |
0.00%
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed
rate
|
$ | 266,047 |
97.97%
|
$ | 265,409 |
97.73%
|
$ | (638 | ) |
-0.24%
|
||||||||||||||
Grand
total
|
$ | 1,756,286 |
99.49%
|
$ | 1,749,814 |
99.12%
|
$ | (6,472 | ) |
-0.37%
|
We had no ABS-RMBS portfolio as of
December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes our ABS-RMBS
portfolio classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2006 which are
carried at fair value (in thousands, except percentages):
December
31,
2006
|
||||
ABS-RMBS,
gross
|
$ | 351,194 | ||
Unamortized
discount
|
(2,823 | ) | ||
Unamortized
premium
|
125 | |||
Amortized cost
|
348,496 | |||
Gross
unrealized gains
|
913 | |||
Gross
unrealized losses
|
(6,561 | ) | ||
Estimated fair
value
|
$ | 342,848 | ||
Percent of
total
|
100.0 | % |
The following table summarizes by
ratings category our ABS-RMBS portfolio as of December 31, 2006 (in thousands,
except percentages). Dollar price is computed by dividing amortized
cost by par amount.
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||
Moody’s
ratings category:
|
||||||||
A1
through
A3
|
$ | 42,163 |
100.18%
|
|||||
Baa1
through
Baa3
|
279,641 |
99.88%
|
||||||
Ba1
through
Ba3
|
26,692 |
|
91.68%
|
|||||
Total
|
$ | 348,496 |
99.23%
|
|||||
S&P
ratings category:
|
||||||||
A+
through
A-
|
$ | 58,749 |
99.65%
|
|||||
BBB+
through
BBB-
|
266,555 |
99.14%
|
||||||
BB+
through
BB-
|
2,192 |
92.68%
|
||||||
No
rating
provided
|
21,000 |
100.00%
|
||||||
Total
|
$ | 348,496 |
99.23%
|
|||||
Weighted
average rating
factor
|
412 | |||||||
Weighted
average original FICO (1)
|
636 | |||||||
Weighted
average original LTV (1)
|
80.58%
|
(1)
|
Weighted
average reflects 100.0% at December 31, 2006 of the RMBS in our
portfolio.
|
Commercial
Mortgage-Backed Securities
We held no CMBS in this category as of
December 31, 2007. At December 31, 2006, we held $27.4 million of
CMBS at fair value, which is based on market prices provided by dealers, net of
unrealized gains of $23,000 and unrealized losses of $536,000. In the
aggregate, we purchased our CMBS portfolio at a discount. As of
December 31, 2006, the remaining discount (net of premium) to be accreted into
income over the remaining lives of the securities was $343,000. These
securities are classified as available-for-sale and, as a result, are carried at
their fair market value.
The following table describes the terms
of our CMBS as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands, except
percentages). Dollar price is computed by dividing amortized cost by
par amount.
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||
Moody’s
ratings category:
|
||||||||
Baa1
through
Baa3
|
$ | 27,951 |
98.79%
|
|||||
Total
|
$ | 27,951 |
98.79%
|
|||||
S&P
ratings category:
|
||||||||
BBB+
through
BBB-
|
$ | 12,183 |
99.10%
|
|||||
No
rating
provided
|
15,768 |
98.55%
|
||||||
Total
|
$ | 27,951 |
98.79%
|
|||||
Weighted
average rating factor (1)
|
346 |
(1)
|
Weighted
average rating factor is the quantitative equivalent of Moody’s
traditional rating categories and used by Moody’s in its credit
enhancement calculation for securitization
transactions.
|
Commercial
Mortgage-Backed Securities-Private Placement
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, we held
$64.6 million and $30.1 million, respectively of CMBS-private
placement at fair value which is based on market prices provided by dealers, net
of unrealized losses of $17.8 million at December 31, 2007. There
were no gains or losses at December 31, 2006. In the aggregate, we
purchased our CMBS-private placement portfolio at a discount. At
December 31, 2007, the remaining discount to be accreted into income over the
remaining lives of the securities was $4.1 million and no discount existed as of
December 31, 2006 since those existing securities were purchased at
par. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and, as a
result, are carried at their fair value. We did not hold any
CMBS-private placement at December 31, 2005.
The following table summarizes our
CMBS-private placement as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands, except
percentages). Dollar price is computed by dividing amortized cost by
par amount.
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortized
Cost
|
Dollar
Price
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Dollar
Price
|
|||||||||||||
Moody’s
Ratings Category:
|
||||||||||||||||
Aaa
|
$ | 10,000 |
100.00%
|
$ | 30,055 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
Baa1
through Baa3
|
65,377 |
94.07%
|
− |
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Ba1
through Ba3
|
6,996 |
99.94%
|
− |
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 82,373 |
95.23%
|
$ | 30,055 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
S&P
Ratings Category:
|
||||||||||||||||
AAA
|
$ | 10,000 |
100.00%
|
$ | 30,055 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
BBB+
through BBB-
|
72,373 |
94.61%
|
− |
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 82,373 |
95.23%
|
$ | 30,055 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
Weighted
average rating factor
|
497 | 1 |
Other
Asset-Backed Securities
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, we held
$900,000 and $20.7 million, respectively, of other ABS at fair value, which is
based on market prices provided by dealers, net of unrealized gains of $0 and
$130,000, respectively, and losses of $4.8 million and $0,
respectively. In the aggregate, we purchased our other ABS portfolio
at a discount. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the remaining
discount to be accreted into income over the remaining lives of securities was
$335,000 and $22,000, respectively. These securities are classified
as available-for-sale and, as a result, are carried at their fair market
value.
The
following table summarizes our other ABS as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in
thousands, except percentages). Dollar price is computed by dividing
amortized cost by par amount.
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||||||||
Moody’s
ratings category:
|
||||||||||||||||
Baa1
through Baa3
|
$ | 5,665 |
94.42%
|
$ | 20,526 |
99.89%
|
||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 5,665 |
|
94.42%
|
$ | 20,526 |
99.89%
|
|||||||||
S&P
ratings category:
|
||||||||||||||||
BBB+
through BBB-
|
$ | 5,665 |
94.42%
|
$ | 18,765 |
99.08%
|
||||||||||
No
rating provided
|
− |
N/A
|
1,761 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 5,665 |
94.42%
|
$ | 20,526 |
99.89%
|
||||||||||
Weighted
average rating factor
|
610 | 396 |
Commercial
Real Estate Loans
The following table is a summary of
the loans in our commercial real estate loan portfolio at the dates indicated
(in thousands):
Description
|
Quantity
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Contracted
Interest
Rates
|
Maturity
Dates
|
||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
||||||||||
Whole
loans, floating rate
|
28 | $ | 430,776 |
LIBOR
plus 1.50% to LIBOR plus 4.25%
|
May
2008 to
July
2010
|
|||||
Whole
loans, fixed rate
|
7 | 97,942 |
6.98%
to 8.57%
|
May
2009 to
August
2012
|
||||||
B
notes, floating rate
|
3 | 33,570 |
LIBOR
plus 2.50% to LIBOR plus 3.01%
|
March
2008 to
October
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, fixed rate
|
3 | 56,007 |
7.00%
to 8.68%
|
July
2011 to
July
2016
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, floating rate
|
11 | 141,894 |
LIBOR
plus 2.15% to LIBOR plus 3.45%
|
February
2008 to
May
2009
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, fixed rate
|
7 | 81,268 |
5.78%
to 11.00%
|
October
2009 to
September
2016
|
||||||
Total (1)
|
59 | $ | 841,457 | |||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||
Whole
loans, floating rate
|
9 | $ | 190,768 |
LIBOR
plus 2.50% to LIBOR plus 3.65%
|
August
2007 to
January
2010
|
|||||
A
notes, floating rate
|
2 | 42,515 |
LIBOR
plus 1.25% to LIBOR plus 1.35%
|
January
2008 to
April
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, floating rate
|
10 | 147,196 |
LIBOR
plus 1.90% to LIBOR plus 6.25%
|
April
2007 to
October
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, fixed rate
|
3 | 56,390 |
7.00%
to 8.68%
|
July
2011 to
July
2016
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, floating rate
|
7 | 105,288 |
LIBOR
plus 2.20% to LIBOR plus 4.50%
|
August
2007 to
October
2008
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, fixed rate
|
8 | 83,901 |
5.78%
to 11.00%
|
August
2007 to
September
2016
|
||||||
Total
|
39 | $ | 626,058 |
(1)
|
The
total does not include a provision for loan losses of $3.2 million
recorded as of December 31, 2007.
|
We have one Mezzanine Loan, with a book
value of $11.7 million, net of a reserve of $1.1 million, that is secured by
100% of the equity interests in two shopping centers. We had been informed
in writing that the Borrower would be making the February 2008 payment directly
to us on March 17, 2008 and that funds sufficient to make the March 2008 payment
were on deposit with the special servicer of the senior loan secured by the
properties. However, on March 17, 2008, the borrower informed us that it
would not make the February 2008 payment directly to us, but would direct such
payment to the special servicer. The special servicer has informed us that
it will hold the February 2008 and March 2008 payments in a curtailment account
until the borrower provides certain financial information. We continue to
work closely with the borrower and special servicer.
Bank
Loans
At December 31, 2007, we held a total
of $874.7 million of bank loans at fair value, all of which are held by and
secure the debt issued by Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco
CDO. This is an increase of $263.5 million over our holdings at
December 31, 2006. The increase in total bank loans was principally
due to the accumulation of bank loans for Apidos Cinco CDO. We own
100% of the equity issued by Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco CDO
which we have determined are VIEs and are, therefore, deemed to be their primary
beneficiaries. See “-Variable Interest Entities.” As a
result, we consolidated Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco CDO as of
December 31, 2007.
The following table summarizes our bank
loan investments as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands, except
percentages). Dollar price is computed by dividing amortized cost by
par amount.
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
Amortized
cost
|
Dollar
price
|
|||||||||||||
Moody’s
ratings category:
|
||||||||||||||||
Baa1
through Baa3
|
$ | 5,914 |
98.65%
|
$ | 3,500 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
Ba1
through Ba3
|
500,417 |
100.02%
|
218,941 |
100.09%
|
||||||||||||
B1
through B3
|
386,589 |
100.01%
|
385,560 |
100.15%
|
||||||||||||
Caa1
through Caa3
|
20,380 |
100.20%
|
3,722 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||||
Ca
|
1,000 |
100.00%
|
− |
−%
|
||||||||||||
No
rating provided
|
16,800 |
99.44%
|
2,507 |
100.28%
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 931,100 |
100.00%
|
$ | 614,230 |
100.13%
|
||||||||||
S&P
ratings category:
|
||||||||||||||||
BBB+
through BBB-
|
$ | 14,819 |
100.15%
|
$ | 8,490 |
100.00%
|
||||||||||
BB+
through BB-
|
433,624 |
100.00%
|
241,012 |
100.13%
|
||||||||||||
B+
through B-
|
405,780 |
100.06%
|
350,262 |
100.13%
|
||||||||||||
CCC+
through CCC-
|
4,207 |
100.00%
|
10,193 |
100.05%
|
||||||||||||
No
rating provided
|
72,670 |
99.59%
|
4,273 |
100.16%
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 931,100 |
100.00%
|
$ | 614,230 |
100.13%
|
||||||||||
Weighted
average rating factor
|
2,000 | 2,131 |
Equipment
Leases and Notes
Investments in direct financing leases
and notes as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, were as follows (in
thousands):
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
Direct
financing leases
|
$ | 28,880 | $ | 30,270 | ||||
Notes
receivable
|
66,150 | 58,700 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 95,030 | (1) | $ | 88,970 |
(1)
|
Includes
a $293,000 provision for lease
losses.
|
Private
Equity Investments
In February 2006, we sold our private
equity investment for $2.0 million.
Interest
Receivable
At December 31, 2007, we had interest
receivable of $12.0 million, which consisted of $11.7 million of interest on our
securities, loans and equipment leases and notes and $228,000 of interest earned
on escrow and sweep accounts. At December 31, 2006, we had interest
receivable of $8.8 million, which consisted of $8.7 million of interest on our
securities, loans and equipment leases and notes, $8,000 of purchased interest
that had been accrued on commercial real estate loans purchased and $73,000 of
interest earned on brokerage and sweep accounts.
Principal
Paydown Receivables
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had
principal paydown receivables of $836,000 and $503,000, respectively, which
consisted of principal payments on our bank loans.
Other
Assets
Other assets at December 31, 2007 of
$4.9 million consisted primarily of $3.4 million of loan origination costs
associated with our trust preferred securities issuances, revolving credit
facility, commercial real estate loan portfolio and secured term facility,
$85,000 of prepaid directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, $412,000 of
prepaid expenses, $998,000 of lease payment receivables and $37,000 of other
receivables. Other assets at December 31, 2006 of $3.1 million
consisted primarily of $2.9 million of loan origination costs associated with
our trust preferred securities issuance, revolving credit facility, commercial
real estate loan portfolio and secured term facility and $92,000 of prepaid
directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.
Hedging
Instruments
Our hedges at December 31, 2007 and
2006, were fixed-for-floating interest rate swap agreements whereby we swapped
the floating rate of interest on the liabilities we hedged for a fixed rate of
interest. At December 31, 2006, we also had one interest rate
cap. As of December 31, 2006, we had entered into hedges with a
notional amount of $239.9 million and maturities ranging from November 2009 to
February 2017. At December 31, 2006, the unrealized loss on our
interest rate swap agreements and interest rate cap agreement was $3.2
million. In a decreasing interest rate environment, we expect that
the fair value of our hedges will continue to decrease. We intend to
continue to seek such hedges for our floating rate debt in the
future. Our hedges at December 31, 2007 were as follows (in
thousands):
Benchmark
rate
|
Notional
value
|
Strike
rate
|
Effective
date
|
Maturity
date
|
Fair
value
|
||||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
$ | 53,325 |
5.53%
|
07/27/06
|
05/25/16
|
$ | (3,477 | ) | ||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
12,750 |
5.27%
|
07/25/07
|
08/06/12
|
(702 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
12,965 |
4.63%
|
12/04/06
|
07/01/11
|
(348 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
28,000 |
5.10%
|
05/24/07
|
06/05/10
|
(934 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
12,675 |
5.52%
|
06/12/07
|
07/05/10
|
(540 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
1,880 |
5.68%
|
07/13/07
|
03/12/17
|
(166 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
15,235 |
5.34%
|
06/08/07
|
02/25/10
|
(541 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
10,435 |
5.32%
|
06/08/07
|
05/25/09
|
(227 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
12,150 |
5.44%
|
06/08/07
|
03/25/12
|
(723 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
7,000 |
5.34%
|
06/08/07
|
02/25/10
|
(249 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
83,080 |
5.58%
|
06/08/07
|
04/25/17
|
(6,948 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
1,726 |
5.65%
|
06/28/07
|
07/15/17
|
(149 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
1,681 |
5.72%
|
07/09/07
|
10/01/16
|
(151 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
3,850 |
5.65%
|
07/19/07
|
07/15/17
|
(332 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
4,023 |
5.41%
|
08/07/07
|
07/25/17
|
(271 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
22,919 |
5.32%
|
03/30/06
|
09/22/15
|
(706 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
10,001 |
5.31%
|
03/30/06
|
11/23/09
|
(119 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
6,873 |
5.41%
|
05/26/06
|
08/22/12
|
(164 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
4,034 |
5.43%
|
05/26/06
|
04/22/13
|
(139 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
3,681 |
5.72%
|
06/28/06
|
06/22/16
|
(175 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
1,511 |
5.52%
|
07/27/06
|
07/22/11
|
(31 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
3,243 |
5.54%
|
07/27/06
|
09/23/13
|
(133 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
5,550 |
5.25%
|
08/18/06
|
07/22/16
|
(218 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
4,334 |
5.06%
|
09/28/06
|
08/22/16
|
(128 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
2,339 |
4.97%
|
12/22/06
|
12/23/13
|
(65 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
3,384 |
5.22%
|
01/19/07
|
11/22/16
|
(115 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
2,285 |
5.05%
|
04/23/07
|
09/22/11
|
(40 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
3,173 |
5.42%
|
07/25/07
|
04/24/17
|
(121 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
8,535 |
4.53%
|
11/29/07
|
10/23/17
|
(88 | ) | ||||||||
Interest
rate swap
|
1
month LIBOR
|
5,291 |
4.40%
|
12/26/07
|
11/22/17
|
(40 | ) | ||||||||
Total
|
|
$ | 347,928 |
5.36%
|
$ | (18,040 | ) |
Repurchase
Agreements
We have entered into repurchase
agreements to finance our commercial real estate loans and CMBS-private
placement portfolio. We discuss these repurchase agreements in “−
Liquidity and Capital Resources,” below. These agreements are secured
by the financed assets and bear interest rates that have historically moved in
close relationship to LIBOR. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had
established nine and ten borrowing arrangements, respectively, with various
financial institutions and had utilized four each, respectively, of these
arrangements, principally our arrangement with Credit Suisse Securities (USA)
LLC, the initial purchaser and placement agent for our March 2005 offering and
one of the underwriters in our two public offerings. None of the
counterparties to these agreements are affiliates of the Manager or
us.
We seek to renew the repurchase agreements we use to finance asset acquisitions
as they mature under the then-applicable borrowing terms of the counterparties
to our repurchase agreements. Through December 31, 2007 and 2006, we
have encountered no difficulties in effecting renewals of our repurchase
agreements. However, we have had to post more collateral and/or pay down a
particular repurchase agreement depending upon the market value of the
securities or other collateral subject to that repurchase
agreement.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations
As of December 31, 2007, we had
executed six CDO transactions as follows:
|
·
|
In
June 2007, we closed Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1, a $500.0
million CDO transaction that provided financing for commercial real estate
loans. The investments held by Resource Real Estate Funding CDO
2007-1 collateralized $390.0 million of senior notes issued by the CDO
vehicle, of which RCC Real Estate, Inc., or RCC Real Estate, purchased
100% of the class H senior notes, class K senior notes, class L senior
notes and class M senior notes for $68.0 million. In addition,
Resource Real Estate Funding 2007-1 CDO Investor, LLC, a subsidiary of RCC
Real Estate, purchased a $41.3 million equity interest representing 100%
of the outstanding preference shares. At December 31, 2007, the
notes issued to outside investors had a weighted average borrowing rate of
5.49%.
|
|
·
|
In
May 2007, we closed Apidos Cinco CDO, a $350.0 million CDO transaction
that provided financing for bank loans. The investments held by
Apidos Cinco CDO collateralized $322.0 million of senior notes issued by
the CDO vehicle, of which RCC Commercial Inc., or RCC Commercial,
purchased a $28.0 million equity interest representing 100% of the
outstanding preference shares. At December 31, 2007, the notes
issued to outside investors had a weighted average borrowing rate of
5.38%.
|
|
·
|
In
August 2006, we closed Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1, a $345.0
million CDO transaction that provided financing for commercial real estate
loans. The investments held by Resource Real Estate Funding CDO
2006-1 collateralized $308.7 million of senior notes issued by the CDO
vehicle, of which RCC Real Estate, Inc., or RCC Real Estate, purchased
100% of the class J senior notes and class K senior notes for $43.1
million. At December 31, 2007, the notes issued to outside
investors had a weighted average borrowing rate of
5.69%.
|
|
·
|
In
May 2006, we closed Apidos CDO III, a $285.5 million CDO transaction that
provided financing for bank loans. The investments held by
Apidos CDO III collateralized $262.5 million of senior notes issued by the
CDO vehicle. At December 31, 2007, the notes issued to outside
investors had a weighted average borrowing rate of
5.59%.
|
|
·
|
In
August 2005, we closed Apidos CDO I, a $350.0 million CDO transaction that
provided financing for bank loans. The investments held by
Apidos CDO I collateralize $321.5 million of senior notes issued by the
CDO vehicle, of which RCC Commercial purchased $23.0 million equity
interest representing 100% of the outstanding preference
shares. At December 31, 2007, the notes issued to outside
investors had a weighted average borrowing rate of
5.47%.
|
|
·
|
In
July 2005, we closed Ischus CDO II, a $403.0 million CDO transaction that
provided financing for MBS and other asset-backed. The
investments held by Ischus CDO II collateralize $376.0 million of senior
notes issued by the CDO vehicle, of which RCC Commercial purchased $28.5
million equity interest representing 100% of the outstanding preference
shares. At November 13, 2007, we sold 10% of our equity
interest and are no longer deemed to be the primary
beneficiary. Our remaining investment at December 31, 2007 was
$257,000. As a result, we deconsolidated Ischus CDO II at that
date.
|
Trust
Preferred Securities
In May and September 2006, we formed
Resource Capital Trust I and RCC Trust II, respectively, for the sole purpose of
issuing and selling trust preferred securities. In accordance with
FIN 46-R, Resource Capital Trust I and RCC Trust II are not consolidated into
our consolidated financial statements because we are not deemed to be the
primary beneficiary of either trust. We own 100% of the common shares
of each trust, each of which issued $25.0 million of preferred shares to
unaffiliated investors. Our rights as the holder of the common shares
of each trust are subordinate to the rights of the holders of preferred shares
only in the event of a default; otherwise, our economic and voting rights are
pari passu with the preferred shareholders. We record each of our
investments in the trusts’ common shares of $774,000 as an investment in
unconsolidated trusts and record dividend income upon declaration by each
trust.
In connection with the issuance and
sale of the trust preferred securities, we issued $25.8 million principal amount
of junior subordinated debentures to each of Resource Capital Trust I and RCC
Trust II. The junior subordinated debentures debt issuance costs are
deferred in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. We
record interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures and amortization
of debt issuance costs in our consolidated statements of income. At
December 31, 2007, the junior subordinated debentures had a weighted average
borrowing rate of 8.86%.
Stockholders’
Equity
Stockholders’ equity at December 31,
2007 was $271.6 million and gave effect to $15.7 million of unrealized losses on
cash flow hedges and $22.6 million of unrealized losses on our
available-for-sale portfolio, shown as a component of accumulated other
comprehensive loss. Stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2006 was
$317.6 million and gave effect to $6.0 million of net unrealized losses on our
ABS-RMBS, CMBS and other ABS portfolio and $3.2 million of unrealized losses on
cash flow hedges, shown as a component of accumulated other comprehensive
loss. The decrease in stockholders’ equity during the year ended
December 31, 2007 was principally due to the decrease in the market value of our
available-for-sale securities and on our cash flow hedges.
As a result of our “available-for-sale”
accounting treatment, unrealized fluctuations in market values of certain assets
do not impact our income determined in accordance with GAAP, or our taxable
income, but rather are reflected on our consolidated balance sheets by changing
the carrying value of the asset and stockholders’ equity under “Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Loss.” By accounting for our assets in this
manner, we hope to provide useful information to stockholders and creditors and
to preserve flexibility to sell assets in the future without having to change
accounting methods.
REIT
Taxable Income
We calculate estimated REIT taxable
income, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, according to the requirements of
the Internal Revenue Code. The following table reconciles net income
to estimated REIT taxable income for the periods presented (in
thousands):
Years
Ended
December
31,
|
Period
from
March
8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Net
income
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
Adjustments:
|
||||||||||||
Share-based compensation to
related parties
|
(500 | ) | 368 | 2,709 | ||||||||
Incentive management fee expense
to related party paid
in shares
|
− | 371 | 86 | |||||||||
Capital carryover
(utilization)/losses from the sale of securities
|
(49 | ) | 11,624 | − | ||||||||
Net unrealized loss on the
deconsolidation of ABS-RMBS
portfolio
|
1,317 | − | − | |||||||||
Asset impairments related to
ABS-RMBS portfolio
|
26,277 | − | − | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease
losses
|
3,153 | − | − | |||||||||
Net book to tax adjustment for the
inclusion of our
taxable foreign REIT
subsidiaries
|
3,432 | 121 | (876 | ) | ||||||||
Other net book to tax
adjustments
|
(110 | ) | (152 | ) | (157 | ) | ||||||
Estimated
REIT taxable income
|
$ | 42,410 | $ | 27,938 | $ | 12,670 |
We believe that a presentation of
estimated REIT taxable income provides useful information to investors regarding
our financial condition and results of operations as we use this measurement to
determine the amount of dividends that we are required to declare to our
stockholders in order to maintain our status as a REIT for federal income tax
purposes. Since we, as a REIT, expect to make distributions based on
taxable earnings, we expect that our distributions may at times be more or less
than our reported GAAP earnings. Total taxable income is the
aggregate amount of taxable income generated by us and by our domestic and
foreign taxable REIT subsidiaries. Estimated REIT taxable income
excludes the undistributed taxable income of our domestic TRS, if any such
income exists, which is not included in REIT taxable income until distributed to
us. There is no requirement that our domestic TRS distribute its
earning to us. Estimated REIT taxable income, however, includes the
taxable income of our foreign TRSs because we will generally be required to
recognize and report their taxable income on a current basis. Because
not all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of estimated
REIT taxable income may not be comparable to other similarly-titled measures of
other companies.
In order to maintain our qualification
as a REIT and to avoid corporate-level income tax on the income we distribute to
our stockholders, we intend to make regular quarterly distributions of all or
substantially all of our net taxable income to holders of our common
stock. This requirement can impact our liquidity and capital
resources.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
For the year ended December 31, 2007,
our principal sources of funds were CDO financings of $673.7 million, $7.1
million from secured term financings, $10.1 million of net proceeds from the
exercise in January 2007 of the over-allotment option related to our December
31, 2006 follow-on offering and $5.6 million of proceeds from the exercise of
warrants.
Our
liquidity needs consist principally of funds to make investments, make
distributions to our stockholders and pay our operating expenses, including our
management fees. Our ability to meet our liquidity needs will be
subject to our ability to generate cash from operations and, with respect to our
investments, our ability to maintain and/or obtain additional debt financing and
equity capital. Through December 31, 2007, we have not experienced
difficulty in maintaining our existing debt financing. Such
financing will depend on market conditions, which have declined during the
second half of 2007. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our
sources of financing on substantially similar terms, we may be unable to
implement our investment strategies successfully and may be required to
liquidate portfolio investments. If required, a sale of portfolio
investments could be at prices lower than the carrying value of such assets,
which would result in losses and reduced income.
At March 5,
2008, RCC’s liquidity consists of three primary sources:
|
·
|
cash
and cash equivalents of $11.7 million, $6.9 million of restricted cash in
margin call accounts and $3.4 million of restricted cash related to our
leasing portfolio;
|
|
·
|
capital
available for reinvestment in our five CDOs of $75.1 million, which is
made up of $45.0 million of restricted cash and $30.1 million of
availability to finance future funding commitments on commercial real
estate loans; and
|
|
·
|
financing
available under existing borrowing facilities of $14.8 million, comprised
of $5.6 million of available cash from our three year non-recourse secured
financing facility and $9.2 million of unused capacity under our unsecured
revolving credit facility. We also have $227.9 million of
unused capacity under our repurchase facilities, which are, however,
subject to approval of individual repurchase transactions by the
repurchase counterparties.
|
We
anticipate that, depending upon market conditions and credit availability, upon
repayment of each borrowing under a repurchase agreement, we will immediately
use the collateral released by the repayment as collateral for borrowing under a
new repurchase agreement to maximize liquidity. Our leverage ratio
may vary as a result of the various funding strategies we use. As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, our leverage ratio was 6.5 times and 4.6 times,
respectively. This increase was primarily due to the issuance of our
two CDOs, RREF CDO 2007 and Apidos Cinco CDO and the decrease in fair market
value adjustments that are recorded in the statement of stockholders equity
through other comprehensive income due to available-for-sale securities and
derivatives.
Repurchase
Agreements
In April
2007, our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, RCC Real Estate SPE 3, LLC, entered
into a master repurchase agreement with Natixis Real Estate Capital, Inc. to be
used as a warehouse facility to finance the purchase of commercial real estate
loans and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The maximum amount
of our borrowing capacity under the repurchase agreement is $150.0
million. The financing provided by the agreement matures April 18,
2010 subject to a one-year extension at the option of RCC Real Estate SPE 3 and
subject further to the right of RCC Real Estate SPE 3 to repurchase the assets
held in the facility earlier. We paid a facility fee of 0.75% of the
maximum facility amount, or $1.2 million, at closing. In addition,
once the borrowings exceed a weighted average undrawn balance of $75.0 million
for the prior 90 day period, we must pay a non-usage fee on the unused portion
equal to the product of (i) 0.15% per annum multiplied by, (ii) the weighted
average undrawn balance during the prior 90 day period. The
repurchase agreement is with recourse only to the assets financed, subject to
standardized exceptions relating to breaches of representations, fraud and
similar matters. We have guaranteed RCC Real Estate SPE 3, LLC’s
performance of our obligations under the repurchase agreement. At
December 31, 2007, RCC Real Estate SPE 3 had borrowed $96.7 million, all of
which we had guaranteed. At December 31, 2007, borrowings under the
repurchase agreement were secured by commercial real estate loans with an
estimated fair value of $154.2 million and had a weighted average interest rate
of one-month LIBOR plus 1.39%, which was 6.42% at December 31,
2007.
|
·
|
Natixis,
in its sole discretion, will purchase assets from us, and will transfer
those assets back to us at a particular date or on
demand;
|
|
·
|
the
maximum amount of outstanding repurchase transactions is $150.0
million;
|
|
·
|
each
repurchase transaction will be entered into by agreement between the
parties specifying the terms of the transaction, including identification
of the assets subject to the transaction, sale price, repurchase price,
rate, term and margin maintenance requirements;
and
|
|
·
|
we
must cover margin deficits by depositing cash or other assets acceptable
to Natixis, in its discretion, if the value of the sold assets falls
bellow the value of the money paid for
them.
|
It is an event of default under the
agreement if:
|
·
|
we
fail to repurchase securities, we fail to pay any margin deficits or we
fail to make any other payment after we reach an agreement with respect to
a particular transaction;
|
|
·
|
an
act of insolvency has occurred;
|
|
·
|
we
admit in writing our inability, or our intention not to pay our debts as
they become due;
|
|
·
|
any
of the purchased assets cease to be owned free and clear of adverse
claims, or, should the transaction be characterized as a secured
refinancing, Natixis no longer has first priority in the purchased
assets;
|
|
·
|
we
fail to pay any amount owed to
Natixis;
|
|
·
|
any
governmental or regulatory authority takes any action materially adverse
to our business operations;
|
|
·
|
we
experience a change of control or an act of insolvency
;
|
|
·
|
there
is a breach of the covenants in the guarantee
agreement;
|
|
·
|
a
final non-appealable judgment is entered against us in an amount greater
than $100,000 for RCC Real Estate SPE 3, LLC or $5,000,000 against us;
and
|
|
·
|
we
default or fail to perform under any agreement we are a party to, without
cure, with a value of greater than $1,000,000 or more which permits the
acceleration of obligations in that
amount.
|
Upon an event of default, Natixis may
accelerate the repurchase date and sell the securities or give us credit for the
value of the securities on the date of default, and we would remain liable for
any deficit. We will also be liable for all costs, expenses and
damages, including the costs of entering into or terminating hedge transactions,
of Natixis, plus interest.
The agreement also provides that we
must:
|
·
|
maintain
tangible net worth greater than or equal to $250.0
million;
|
|
·
|
maintain
liquid assets with a market value of $10.0 million;
and
|
|
·
|
maintain
a total ratio of consolidated indebtedness to consolidated tangible net
worth not to exceed 90%.
|
Through our subsidiary, RCC Real
Estate, Inc., we have also entered into a master repurchase agreement with Bear,
Stearns International Limited to finance our commercial real estate loan
portfolio. As of December 31, 2007, we had $1.9 million outstanding
under this agreement all of which was guaranteed, which was substantially lower
than the outstanding balance at December 31, 2006 of $36.7
million. These are one-month contracts. This decrease
resulted from the closing of Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1 in June
2007, and our use of the proceeds generated thereby to repay the outstanding
borrowings. The outstanding balance as of December 31, 2007
represented one loan. The weighted average current borrowing rates
were 6.22% and 6.43% at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. At
December 31, 2007 and 2006, borrowings under the repurchase agreement was
secured by commercial real estate loans with an estimated fair value of $3.1
million and $52.0 million, respectively, and had weighted average maturities of
15 and 17 days, respectively. The net amount of risk was $1.2 million
and $15.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The
agreement provides as follows:
|
·
|
Bear,
Stearns International Limited, in its sole discretion, will purchase
assets from us, and will transfer those assets back to us at a particular
date or on demand;
|
|
·
|
the
maximum aggregate amount of outstanding repurchase transactions is $150.0
million;
|
|
·
|
each
repurchase transaction will be entered into by agreement between the
parties specifying the terms of the transaction, including identification
of the assets subject to the transaction, sale price, repurchase price,
rate, term and margin maintenance requirements;
and
|
|
·
|
we
have guaranteed RCC Real Estate’s obligations under the repurchase
agreement to a maximum of $150.0
million;
|
|
·
|
if
we control the servicing of the purchased assets, we must service the
assets for the benefit of Bear, Stearns International
Limited.
|
It is an event of default under the
agreement if:
|
·
|
Bear,
Stearns International Limited is not granted a first priority security
interest in the assets;
|
|
·
|
we
fail to repurchase securities, we fail to pay any price differential or we
fail to make any other payment after we reach an agreement with respect to
a particular transaction;
|
|
·
|
any
governmental or regulatory authority takes any action materially adverse
to our business operations;
|
|
·
|
Bear,
Stearns International Limited determines, in good
faith,
|
|
-
|
that
there has been a material adverse change in our corporate structure,
financial condition or
creditworthiness;
|
|
-
|
that
we will not meet or we have breached any of our obligations;
or
|
|
-
|
that
a material adverse change in our financial condition may occur due to
pending legal actions;
|
|
·
|
we
have commenced a proceeding, or had a proceeding commenced against us,
under any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar
laws;
|
|
·
|
we
make a general assignment for the benefit of
creditors;
|
|
·
|
we
admit in writing our inability to pay our debts as they become
due;
|
|
·
|
we
have commenced a proceeding, or had a proceeding commenced against us,
under the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970,
which we consent to or do not timely contest and which results in the
entry of an order for relief, or is not dismissed within 15
days;
|
|
·
|
a
final judgment is rendered against us in an amount greater than $1.0
million and remains undischarged or unpaid for 90
days;
|
|
·
|
we
have defaulted or failed to perform under any other note, indenture, loan,
guaranty, swap agreement or any other contract to which we are a party
which results in:
|
|
-
|
a
final judgment involving the failure to pay an obligation in excess of
$1.0 million or
|
|
-
|
a
final judgment permitting the acceleration of the maturity of obligations
in excess of $1.0 million by any other party to or beneficiary of such
note, indenture, loan, guaranty, swap agreement or any other contract;
or
|
|
·
|
we
breach any representation, covenant or condition, fail to perform, admit
inability to perform or state our intention not to perform our obligations
under the repurchase agreement or in respect to any repurchase
transaction.
|
Upon an event of default, Bear, Stearns
International Limited may accelerate the repurchase date for each transaction.
Unless we have tendered the repurchase price for the assets, Bear, Stearns
International Limited may sell the assets and apply the proceeds first to its
costs and expenses in connection with our breach, including legal fees; second,
to the repurchase price of the assets; and third, to any of our other
outstanding obligations.
The repurchase agreement also provides
that we shall not, without the prior written consent of Bear, Stearns
International Limited:
|
·
|
permit
our net worth at any time to be less than the sum of 80% of our net worth
on the date of the agreement and 75% of the amount received by us in
respect of any equity issuance after the date of the
agreement;
|
|
·
|
permit
our net worth to decline by more than 15% in any calendar quarter or more
than 30% during any trailing consecutive twelve month
period;
|
|
·
|
permit
our ratio of total liabilities to net worth to exceed 14:1;
or
|
|
·
|
permit
our consolidated net income, determined in accordance with GAAP, to be
less than $1.00 during the period of any four consecutive calendar
months.
|
We have entered into master repurchase
agreements with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., J.P.
Morgan Securities Inc., Countrywide Securities Corporation, Deutsche Bank
Securities Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Goldman
Sachs & Co., Bear, Stearns International Limited and UBS Securities
LLC. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had $14.6 million and $29.3
million, respectively, outstanding under our agreement with Credit Suisse
Securities (USA) LLC to finance our CMBS-private placement portfolio which was
secured by CMBS-private placement securities with a fair value of $30.1 million
and $30.1 million each. These are one-month contracts. As
of December 31, 2007, we had $3.2 million outstanding under our agreement with
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc. to finance our CMBS-private placement portfolio
which was secured by CMBS-private placement with a fair value of $4.0
million. These are one-month contracts. There were no such
borrowings at December 31, 2006. Each such agreement is in standard
form providing as follows:
|
·
|
The
parties may from time to time enter into repurchase
transactions. The agreement for a repurchase transaction may be
oral or in writing. None of the master repurchase agreements
specifies a maximum amount for repurchase transactions with
us.
|
|
·
|
Each
repurchase transaction will be entered into by agreement between the
parties specifying the terms of the transaction, including identification
of the assets subject to the transaction, sale price, repurchase price,
rate, term and margin maintenance
requirements.
|
|
·
|
We
must cover margin deficits by depositing cash or additional securities
reasonably acceptable to our counterparty with it, but have the option to
obtain payment from our counterparty of the amount by which the market
value of the securities subject to a transaction exceeds the applicable
margin amount for the transaction, either in cash or by delivery of
securities.
|
|
·
|
We
are entitled to receive all income paid on or with respect to the
securities subject to a transaction, provided that the counterparty may
apply income received to reduce our repurchase
price.
|
It is an event of default under the
agreement if:
|
-
|
we
fail to transfer or our counterparty fails to purchase securities after we
reach an agreement with respect to a particular
transaction.
|
|
-
|
either
party fails to comply with the margin and margin repayment
requirements.
|
|
-
|
the
counterparty fails to pay to us or credit us with income from the
securities subject to a
transaction.
|
|
-
|
either
party commences a proceeding or has a proceeding commenced against it,
under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws;
or
|
|
-
|
either
party shall admit its inability to, or intention not to, perform any of
its obligations under the master repurchase
agreement.
|
Upon an event of default, the
non-defaulting party may accelerate the repurchase date for the transaction and
all income paid upon the securities will belong to the non-defaulting
party. If we are the defaulting party, our counterparty may sell the
securities or give us credit for the value of the securities on the date of
default, and we would remain liable for any deficit. If our
counterparty is the defaulting party, we may purchase replacement securities, or
elect to be deemed to have purchased replacement securities, with our
counterparty being liable for the cost of the replacement securities or the
amount by which the deemed repurchase price exceeds the stated repurchase
price. We may also, by tender of the repurchase price, be deemed to
have the securities automatically transferred to us. The defaulting
party will also be liable to the non-defaulting party for all costs, expenses
and damages, including the costs of entering into or terminating hedge
transactions, of the non-defaulting party, plus interest at the rate specified
in the repurchase agreement.
The master repurchase agreements may be
terminated by either party without cause upon written notice, but will remain in
effect as to any transactions then outstanding.
Our repurchase agreement with Credit
Suisse Securities (USA) LLC also provides that it will terminate
if:
|
·
|
our
net asset value declines 20% on a monthly basis, 30% on a quarterly basis,
40% on an annual basis, or 50% or more from the highest net asset value
since the inception of the repurchase
agreement;
|
|
·
|
we
fail to maintain a minimum net asset value of $100.0
million;
|
|
·
|
the
Manager ceases to be our manager;
|
|
·
|
we
fail to qualify as a REIT; or
|
|
·
|
we
fail to deliver specified documents, including financial statements or
financial information due annually, quarterly or monthly, or an estimate
of net asset values.
|
Credit
Facilities
In December 2005, we entered into a
$15.0 million corporate credit facility with Commerce Bank, N.A. This
facility was increased to $25.0 million in April 2006. The unsecured
revolving credit facility permits us to borrow up to the lesser of the facility
amount and the sum of 80% of the sum of our unsecured assets rated higher than
Baa3 or better by Moody’s and BBB- or better by Standard and Poor’s plus our
interest receivables plus 65% of our unsecured assets rated lower than Baa3 by
Moody’s and BBB- from Standard and Poor’s. Up to 20% of the
borrowings under the facility may be in the form of standby letters of
credit. At both December 31, 2007 and 2006, no balance was
outstanding under this facility. The interest rate varies from, in
the case of LIBOR loans, from the adjusted LIBOR rate (as defined in the
agreement) plus between 1.50% to 2.50% depending upon our leverage ratio (the
ratio of consolidated total liability to consolidated tangible net worth) or, in
the case of base rate loans, from Commerce Bank’s base rate plus between 0.50%
and 1.50% also depending upon our leverage ratio, as follows:
Pricing
Level
|
Total
Leverage Ratio
|
Adjusted
LIBOR Rate +
|
Base
Rate +
|
|||
I
|
Less
than 7.00:1.00
|
1.50%
|
0.50%
|
|||
II
|
Greater
than or equal to 7.00:1.00,
but
less than 8.00:1.00
|
1.75%
|
0.75%
|
|||
III
|
Greater
than or equal to 8.00:1.00,
but
less than 9.00:1.00
|
2.00%
|
1.00%
|
|||
IV
|
Greater
than or equal to 9.00:1.00,
but
less than 10.00:1.00
|
2.25%
|
1.25%
|
|||
V
|
Greater
than or equal to 10.00:1.00
|
2.50%
|
1.50%
|
We received a waiver for the period
ended December 31, 2007 from Commerce Bank, N.A. with respect to our
non-compliance with the revolving credit facility’s consolidated tangible net
worth covenant. The waiver was required due to our unrealized losses
on our derivatives and CMBS-private placement securities at December 31,
2007. Under the covenant, we are required to maintain a consolidated
net worth (stockholder’s equity) of at least $195.0 million plus 90% of the net
proceeds of any capital transactions, measured at each quarter end, as further
described in the agreement.
In March 2006, Resource Capital
Funding, LLC, a special purpose entity whose sole member is Resource TRS, Inc.,
our wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a Receivables Loan and Security
Agreement as the borrower among LEAF Financial Corporation as the servicer,
Black Forest Funding Corporation as the lender, Bayerische Hypo-Und Vereinsbank
AG, New York Branch as the agent, U.S. Bank National Association, as the
custodian and the agent’s bank, and Lyon Financial Services, Inc. (d/b/a U.S.
Bank Portfolio Services), as the backup servicer. This agreement is a
$100.0 million secured term credit facility used to finance the purchase of
equipment leases and notes. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, there was
$91.7 million and $84.7 million, respectively, outstanding under the
facility. See “ – Financial Condition – Credit
Facility.”
The facility bears interest at one of
two rates, determined by asset class.
|
·
|
Pool
A—one-month LIBOR plus 1.10%; or
|
|
·
|
Pool
B—one-month LIBOR plus 0.80%.
|
The weighted average interest rate was
6.82% at December 31, 2007.
It is an event of default under the
agreement if, among other events:
|
·
|
a
bankruptcy event occurs involving any of us, Resource TRS, Resource
Capital Funding, the originator or the
servicer;
|
|
·
|
any
representation or warranty was false or
incorrect;
|
|
·
|
Resource
Capital Funding or the servicer fails to perform any term, covenant or
agreement under the agreement or any ancillary agreement in any material
respect;
|
|
·
|
Resource
Capital Funding, Resource TRS or we fail to pay any principal of or
premium or interest on any of the debt under the agreement in an amount in
excess of $10.0 million when the same becomes due and
payable;
|
|
·
|
Resource
Capital Funding or the servicer suffer any material adverse change to its
financial condition;
|
|
·
|
the
lender fails to have a valid, perfected, first priority security interest
in the pledged assets except for certain de minimus
exceptions;
|
|
·
|
a
change of control of us, Resource TRS, Resource Capital Funding, the
servicer or the originator occurs;
|
|
·
|
the
facility amount (as calculated under the agreement) exceeds certain
financial tests set forth in the agreement;
or
|
|
·
|
Resource
America’s tangible net worth falls below a formula defined in the
agreement.
|
Upon a default, the program will
terminate and Resource Capital Funding must cease purchasing receivables from
Resource TRS and the lender may declare all loans made and any yield or fees due
thereon to be immediately due and payable.
We received a waiver for the period
ended December 31, 2007 from Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG with respect to
our non-compliance with the tangible net worth covenant. Under the
covenant, Resource America, the parent of our Manager, is required to maintain a
consolidated net worth (stockholder’s equity) of at least $175.0 million plus
90% of the net proceeds of any capital transactions, minus all amounts (not to
exceed $50,000,000) paid by Resource America to repurchase any outstanding
shares of common or preferred stock of Resource America, measured by each
quarter end, as further described in the agreement.
Contractual
Obligations and Commitments
The table below summarizes our
contractual obligations as of December 31, 2007. The table below
excludes contractual commitments related to our derivatives, which we discuss in
Item 7A − “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” and the
management agreement that we have with our Manager, which we discuss in Item 1 −
“Business” − and Item 13 − “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” because
those contracts do not have fixed and determinable payments.
Contractual
commitments
(dollars
in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Payments
due by period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Total
|
Less
than 1 year
|
1 –
3 years
|
3 –
5 years
|
More
than 5 years
|
||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements (1)
|
$ | 116,423 | $ | 116,423 | $ | − | $ | − | $ | − | ||||||||||
CDOs
|
1,501,259 | − | − | − | 1,501,259 | |||||||||||||||
Secured
term
facility
|
91,739 | − | 91,739 | − | − | |||||||||||||||
Junior
subordinated debentures held by
unconsolidated trusts that
issued trust
preferred
securities
|
51,548 | − | − | − | 51,548 | |||||||||||||||
Base
management fees (2)
|
4,938 | 4,938 | − | − | − | |||||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,765,907 | $ | 121,361 | $ | 91,739 | $ | − | $ | 1,552,807 |
(1)
|
Includes
accrued interest of $253,000.
|
(2)
|
Calculated
only for the next 12 months based on our current equity, as defined in our
management agreement.
|
At December 31, 2007, we had 30
interest rate swap contracts with a notional value of $347.9
million. These contracts are fixed-for-floating interest rate swap
agreements under which we contracted to pay a fixed rate of interest for the
term of the hedge and will receive a floating rate of interest. See
“– Financial Condition – Hedging Instruments.” As of December 31,
2007, the average fixed pay rate of our interest rate hedges was 5.36% and our
receive rate was one-month LIBOR, or 4.95%.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2007, we did not
maintain any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial
partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or
special purpose entities or variable interest entities, established for the
purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or contractually narrow
or limited purposes. Further, as of December 31, 2007, we had not
guaranteed any obligations of unconsolidated entities or entered into any
commitment or intent to provide additional funding to any such
entities.
Recent
Developments
On March
11, 2008, we announced a quarterly distribution of $0.41 per share of common
stock which will be paid on April 28, 2008 to stockholders of record as of March
31, 2008.
On
January 14, 2008, we issued 144,000 shares of restricted common stock under our
2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan valued at $1.3 million based on the
closing price of our stock as of the date of grant. These restricted
shares vest 33.3% on January 14, 2009 and 33.3% annually thereafter through
January 14, 2011.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements
are prepared by management in accordance with GAAP. Note 3 to our
financial statements, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” includes a
detailed description of our significant accounting policies. Our
significant accounting policies are fundamental to understanding our financial
condition and results of operations because some of these policies require that
we make significant estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of our
assets or liabilities and our financial results. We believe that
certain of our policies are critical because they require us to make difficult,
subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently
uncertain. The critical policies summarized below relate to
classifications of investment securities, revenue recognition, accounting for
derivative financial instruments and hedging activities, and stock-based
compensation. We have reviewed these accounting policies with our
board of directors and believe that all of the decisions and assessments upon
which our financial statements are based were reasonable at the time made based
upon information available to us at the time. We rely on the
Manager’s experience and analysis of historical and current market data in order
to arrive at what we believe to be reasonable estimates.
Classifications
of Investment Securities
Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards, or SFAS, 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities,” or SFAS 115, requires us to classify our investment portfolio as
either trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity
investments. Although we generally plan to hold most of our
investments to maturity, we may, from time to time, sell any of our investments
due to changes in market conditions or in accordance with our investment
strategy. Accordingly, SFAS 115 requires us to classify all of our
investment securities as available-for-sale. We report all
investments classified as available-for-sale at fair value, based on market
prices provided by dealers, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a
component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’
equity. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had aggregate unrealized
losses on our available-for-sale securities of $8.9 million and $7.1 million,
respectively, which if not recovered, may result in the recognition of future
losses.
We evaluate our available-for-sale
investments for other-than-temporary impairment charges on available-for-sale
securities under SFAS 115 in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, or
EITF, 03-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and its Application
to Certain Investments.” SFAS 115 and EITF 03-1 requires an investor
to determine when an investment is considered impaired (i.e., decline in fair
value below its amortized cost), evaluate whether the impairment is other than
temporary (i.e., the investment value will not be recovered over its remaining
life), and, if the impairment is other than temporary, recognize an impairment
loss equal to the difference between the investment’s cost and its fair
value. The guidance also includes accounting considerations
subsequent to the recognition of other-than-temporary impairment and requires
certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as
other-than-temporary impairments. EITF 03-1 also includes disclosure
requirements for investments in an unrealized loss position for which
other-than-temporary impairments have not been recognized.
We record investment securities
transactions on the trade date. We record purchases of newly issued
securities when all significant uncertainties regarding the characteristics of
the securities are removed, generally shortly before settlement
date. We determine realized gains and losses on investment securities
on the specific identification method.
Repurchase
Agreements
We have used repurchase agreements as a
financing source in acquiring our commercial real estate loans and CMBS-private
placement portfolios, and have used repurchase agreements as a short-term
financing source for our commercial real estate loan portfolio prior to the
execution of a CDO. Although structured as a sale and purchase obligation, a
repurchase agreement operates as a financing arrangement under which we pledge
our securities as collateral to secure a loan which is equal in value to a
specified percentage of the estimated fair value of the pledged collateral,
while we retain beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral. We
carry these repurchase agreements at their contractual amounts, as specified in
the respective agreements. We recognize interest expense on all
borrowings on an accrual basis.
We have from time to time purchased
debt investments from a counterparty and subsequently financed the acquisition
of those debt investments through repurchase agreements with the same
counterparty. We currently record the acquisition of the debt
investments as assets and the related repurchase agreements as financing
liabilities gross on the consolidated balance sheets. Interest income
earned on the debt investments and interest expense incurred on the repurchase
obligations are reported gross on our consolidated income
statements. However, under an interpretation of SFAS 140, “Accounting
for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of
Liabilities” such transactions may not qualify as a purchase by
us. We believe, and it is industry practice, that we are accounting
for these transactions in an appropriate manner. However, the result
of this technical interpretation would prevent us from presenting the debt
investments and repurchase agreements and the related interest income and
interest expense on a gross basis on our financial
statements. Instead, we would present the net investment in these
transactions with the counterparty and a derivative with the corresponding
change in fair value of the derivative being recorded through
earnings. The value of the derivative would reflect changes in the
value of the underlying debt investments and changes in the value of the
underlying credit provided by the counterparty. There were no such
transactions as of December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2006, we had
one transaction where debt instruments were financed with the same
counterparty. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position
140-3, or FSP FAS 140-3, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and
Repurchase Financing Transactions,” which provides guidance on accounting for a
transfer of a financial asset and repurchase financing, which is effective for
fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. We do not expect FSP
FAS 140-3 will have a material effect on our consolidated financial
statements.
Interest
Income Recognition
We accrue interest income on our MBS,
commercial real estate loans, other ABS, bank loans, equipment leases and notes
and private equity investments using the effective yield method based on the
actual coupon rate and the outstanding principal amount of the underlying
mortgages or other assets. We amortize or accrete into interest
income premiums and discounts over the lives of the investments also using the
effective yield method (or a method that approximates effective yield), adjusted
for the effects of estimated prepayments based on SFAS 91, “Accounting for
Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and
Initial Direct Costs of Leases.” For investments purchased at par,
the effective yield is the contractual interest rate on the
investment. If the investment is purchased at a discount or at a
premium, the effective yield is computed based on the contractual interest rate
increased for the accretion of a purchase discount or decreased for the
amortization of a purchase premium. The effective yield method
requires that we make estimates of future prepayment rates for our investments
that can be contractually prepaid before their contractual maturity date so that
the purchase discount can be accreted, or the purchase premium can be amortized,
over the estimated remaining life of the investment. The prepayment
estimates that we use directly impact the estimated remaining lives or our
investments. We review and adjust our prepayment estimates as of each
quarter end or more frequently if we become aware of any material information
that would lead us to believe that an adjustment is necessary. If our estimate
of prepayments is incorrect, we may have to adjust the amortization or accretion
of premiums and discounts, which would have an impact on future
income.
Accounting
for Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
Our policies permit us to enter into
derivative contracts, including interest rate swaps and interest rate caps
forwards, as a means of mitigating our interest rate risk on forecasted interest
expense associated with the benchmark rate on forecasted rollover/reissuance of
repurchase agreements or the interest rate repricing of repurchase agreements,
or other similar hedged items, for a specified future time
period.
As of December 31, 2007, we had engaged
in 30 interest rate swaps with a notional value of $347.9 million and a fair
value of ($18.0) million to seek to mitigate our interest rate risk for
specified future time periods as defined in the terms of the hedge
contracts. The contracts we have entered into have been designated as
cash flow hedges and are evaluated at inception and on an ongoing basis in order
to determine whether they qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133,
“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended and
interpreted. The hedge instrument must be highly effective in
achieving offsetting changes in the hedged item attributable to the risk being
hedged in order to qualify for hedge accounting. A hedge instrument
is highly effective if changes in the fair value of the derivative provide an
offset to at least 80% and not more than 125% of the changes in fair value or
cash flows of the hedged item attributable to the risk being
hedged. The futures and interest rate swap contracts are carried on
the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Any ineffectiveness
which arises during the hedging relationship must be recognized in interest
expense during the period in which it arises. Before the end of the
specified hedge time period, the effective portion of all contract gain and
losses (whether realized or unrealized) is recorded in other comprehensive
income or loss. Realized gains and losses on futures contracts are
reclassified into earnings as an adjustment to interest expense during the
specified hedge time period. Realized gains and losses on the
interest rate hedges are reclassified into earnings as an adjustment to interest
expense during the period after the swap repricing date through the remaining
maturity of the swap. For taxable income purposes, realized gains and
losses on futures and interest rate cap and swap contracts are reclassified into
earnings over the term of the hedged transactions as designated for
tax.
We are not required to account for
derivative contracts using hedge accounting as described above. If we
decided not to designate the derivative contracts as hedges and to monitor their
effectiveness as hedges, or if we entered into other types of financial
instruments that did not meet the criteria to be designated as hedges, changes
in the fair values of these instruments would be recorded in the statement of
operations, potentially resulting in increased volatility in our
earnings.
Income
Taxes
We expect to operate in a manner that
will allow us to qualify and be taxed as a REIT and to comply with the
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code with respect thereto. A REIT
is generally not subject to federal income tax on that portion of its REIT
taxable income which is distributed to its stockholders, provided, that at least
90% of REIT taxable income is distributed and certain other requirements are
met. If we fail to meet these requirements and do not qualify for
certain statutory relief provisions, we would be subject to federal income
tax. We have a wholly-owned domestic subsidiary, Resource TRS, that
we and Resource TRS have elected to be treated as a taxable REIT
subsidiary. For financial reporting purposes, current and deferred
taxes are provided for on the portion of earnings recognized by us with respect
to our interest in Resource TRS, because it is taxed as a regular subchapter C
corporation under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. During
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we recorded a $338,000 and $67,000,
respectively, provision for income taxes related to earnings for Resource
TRS. This provision is included in general and administrative expense
on our Consolidated Statement of Income.
Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III, Apidos
Cinco CDO and Ischus CDO II, our foreign TRSs, are organized as exempted
companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman
Islands, and are generally exempt from federal and state income tax at the
corporate level because their activities in the United States are limited to
trading in stock and securities for their own account. Therefore, despite their
status as TRSs, they generally will not be subject to corporate tax on their
earnings and no provision from income taxes is required; however because they
are “controlled foreign corporations,” we will generally be required to include
their current taxable income in our calculation of REIT taxable
income.
Loans
Our investments in corporate leveraged
loans and commercial real estate loans are held for investment and, therefore,
we record them on our consolidated balance sheets initially at their purchase
price less any origination fees applied at closing and subsequently account for
them based on their outstanding principal plus or minus unamortized premiums or
discounts. In certain instances when the credit fundamentals
underlying a particular loan have changed in such a manner that our expected
return on investment may decrease, we may sell a loan held for
investment. Once the determination has been made that we will no
longer hold the loan for investment, we will identify the loan as a “loan held
for sale” and will account for it at the lower of amortized cost or market
value.
Direct
Financing Leases and Notes
We invest in small- and middle-ticket
equipment leases and notes. Investments in leases are recorded in
accordance with SFAS 13, “Accounting for Leases,” as amended and
interpreted. Direct financing leases and notes transfer substantially
all benefits and risks of equipment ownership to the customer. Our
investment in direct financing leases consists of the sum of the total future
minimum lease payments receivable, less unearned finance income. Unearned
finance income, which we recognize over the term of the lease and financing by
utilizing the effective interest method, represents the excess of the total
future minimum lease payments and contract payments over the cost of the related
equipment. Our investment in notes receivable consists of the sum of the total
future minimum loan payments receivable less unearned finance
income.
Allowance
for Loan and Lease Losses
We maintain an allowance for loan and
lease losses. Loans and leases held for investment are first
individually evaluated for impairment, and then evaluated as a homogeneous pool
as loans with substantially similar characteristics for
impairment. The reviews are performed at least
quarterly.
For individually impaired loans, we
consider a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events,
management believes it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts
due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a
loan is impaired, the allowance for loan losses is increased by the amount of
the excess of the amortized cost basis of the loan over its fair
value. Fair value may be determined based the present value of
estimated cash flows; on market price, if available; or the fair value of the
collateral less estimated disposition costs. When a loan, or a
portion thereof, is considered uncollectible and pursuit of the collection is
not warranted, then we will record a charge-off or write-down of the loan
against the allowance for credit losses. The balance of impaired
loans and leases was $17.4 million at December 31, 2007. The total
balance of impaired loans and leases with a valuation allowance at December 31,
2007 was $17.0 million. All of the loans deemed impaired at December
31, 2007 have an associated valuation allowance. The total balance of
impaired leases without a specific valuation allowance was $359,000 at December
31, 2007. The specific valuation allowance related to these impaired
loans and leases was $2.3 million at December 31, 2007. The average
balance of impaired loans and leases was $4.3 million during 2007. We
did not recognize any income on impaired loans and leases during 2007 once each
individual loan or lease became impaired. There were no such impaired
loans or leases at December 31, 2006.
An impaired loan or lease may remain on
accrual status during the period in which we are pursuing repayment of the loan
or lease; however, the loan or lease would be placed on non-accrual status at
such time as either (i) management believes that scheduled debt service payments
will not be met within the coming 12 months; (ii) the loan or lease becomes 90
days delinquent; (iii) management determines the borrower is incapable of, or
has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net
realizable value of the loan’s underlying collateral approximates our carrying
value of such loan. While on non-accrual status, we recognize
interest income only when an actual payment is received.
76
The following tables show the changes
in the allowance for loan and lease losses (in thousands):
Year
Ended
December
31,
2007
|
||||
Allowance
for loan loss at December 31, 2006
|
$ | − | ||
Reserve charged to
expense
|
5,918 | |||
Loans
charged-off
|
− | |||
Recoveries
|
− | |||
Allowance
for loan loss at December 31, 2007
|
5,918 |
Year
Ended
December
31,
2007
|
||||
Allowance
for lease loss at December 31, 2006
|
$ | − | ||
Reserve charged to
expense
|
293 | |||
Loans
charged-off
|
− | |||
Recoveries
|
− | |||
Allowance
for lease loss at December 31, 2007
|
293 |
Loan
Interest Income Recognition
Interest income on loans includes interest at stated
rates adjusted for amortization or accretion of premiums and
discounts. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into
income using the effective yield method. When we purchase a loan or
pool of loans at a discount, we consider the provisions of the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 03-3 “Accounting
for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer” to evaluate whether
all or a portion of the discount represents accretable yield. If a
loan with a premium or discount is prepaid, we immediately recognize the
unamortized portion as a decrease or increase to interest
income.
Stock
Based Compensation
Pursuant to our 2005 stock incentive
plan, we granted 345,000 shares of restricted stock and options to purchase
651,666 shares of common stock to the Manager. Holders of the
restricted shares have all of the rights of a stockholder, including the right
to vote and receive dividends. We account for the restricted stock
and stock options granted in accordance with the consensus in Issue 1 of EITF
96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than
Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services,” and
SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” During 2006, we
continued to apply the provisions of EITF 96-18, but effective January 1,
2006, we also adopted the provisions of SFAS 123(R) “Share-Based
Payment.” Under SFAS 123(R), our compensation expense for options is
accounted for using a fair-value-based method with the (non-cash) compensation
expense being recorded in the financial statements over the vesting
period. We elected to use the modified prospective transition method
as permitted by SFAS 123(R) and, therefore, have not restated financial results
for prior periods. The adoption of SFAS 123(R) did not have any
significant impact on prior periods. In accordance with EITF 96-18,
we recorded the stock and options in stockholders’ equity at fair value through
an increase to additional paid-in-capital and an off-setting entry to deferred
equity compensation (a contra-equity account). We are amortizing the
deferred compensation over a three year graded vesting period with the
amortization expense reflected as equity compensation expense. The
unvested stock and options are adjusted quarterly to reflect changes in fair
value as performance under the agreement is completed. We reflect
change in fair value in stockholders’ equity in the equity compensation expense
recognized in that quarter and in future quarters until the stock and options
are fully vested.
In connection with the July 2006 hiring
of a commercial mortgage direct loan origination team by Resource Real Estate,
Inc., a subsidiary of Resource America, we agreed to issue up to 100,000 shares
of common stock and options to purchase an additional 100,000 shares of common
stock if certain loan origination performance thresholds are achieved by this
origination team for our account. The performance thresholds are
two-tiered. Upon the achievement of $400.0 million of direct loan
originations of commercial real estate loans, 60,000 restricted shares of common
stock and options to purchase an additional 60,000 shares of common stock are
issuable. Upon the achievement of another $300.0 million of direct loan
originations of commercial real estate loans, a second tranche of 40,000
restricted shares of common stock and options to purchase another 40,000 shares of common stock
are issuable. The restricted shares
and options to purchase shares of common stock vest over a two-year period after
issuance. We account for equity instruments issued to non-employees for
goods or services in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R) and Emerging
Task Force Issue No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued
to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or
Services” ("EITF 96-18"). Accordingly, when the origination team, none of
whom is an employee of the RCC, completes its performance
or when a performance commitment is reached, we are required to measure the fair
value of the equity instruments. On June 27, 2007, 60,000 shares of
restricted common stock and 60,000 options to purchase additional shares were
issued as a result of the achievement of $400.0 million of direct loan
originations of commercial real estate loans. The restricted shares vest
50% on June 27, 2008 and 50% on June 27, 2009. The options vest 33.3% per
year beginning on June 27, 2008.
On January 5, 2007, we issued 184,541
shares of restricted common stock under our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.
These restricted shares vest 33.3% on January 5, 2008. The balance will
vest quarterly thereafter through January 5, 2010.
On October 1, 2007, we issued 240,000
shares of restricted common stock under our 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation
Plan in two equal grants, a time based grant and a performance based
grant. The time-based restricted share grant vests 15% on June 30, 2008
and 15% on June 30, 2009. The balance will vest on December 31,
2010. The performance-based restricted share grant will be earned
one-third per year on the satisfaction of certain performance criteria, as
defined on a specified measurement date over a three year period. These
shares will vest 12.5% each quarter following the measurement
dates.
On October 30, 2007, we issued 50,000
shares of restricted common stock under our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.
These restricted shares vested one ninth on December 31, 2007. The balance
will vest quarterly thereafter through December 31, 2009.
On December 26, 2007, we issued 60,000
shares of restricted common stock under our 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation
Plan . These restricted shares vest 15% on June 30, 2008 and 15% on June
30, 2009. The balance will vest on December 31, 2010.
We also issued 4,224, 816 and 3,588
shares of restricted stock to our non-employee directors as part of their annual
compensation on March 8, 2006, February 1, 2007 and March 8, 2007,
respectively. These shares will vest in full on the first anniversary of
the date of grant.
Incentive
Compensation
Our management agreement with the
Manager also provides for incentive compensation if our financial performance
exceeds certain benchmarks. Under the management agreement, the
incentive compensation will be paid up to 75% in cash and at least 25% in
stock. The cash portion of the incentive fee is accrued and expensed
during the period for which it is calculated and earned. In
accordance with SFAS 123(R) and EITF 96-18, the restricted stock portion
of the incentive fee is also accrued and expensed during the period for which it
is calculated and earned. Shares granted in connection with the
incentive fee will vest immediately. For the year ended December 31,
2007, the Manager received incentive management compensation of $1.5 million
which was comprised of $924,000 in cash and $551,000 in stock (37,543
shares).
Variable
Interest Entities
In December 2003, the FASB, issued FIN
46-R. FIN 46-R addresses the application of Accounting Research
Bulletin 51, ‘‘Consolidated Financial Statements,’’ to a variable interest
entity, or VIE, and requires that the assets, liabilities and results of
operations of a VIE be consolidated into the financial statements of the
enterprise that has a controlling financial interest in it. The interpretation
provides a framework for determining whether an entity should be evaluated for
consolidation based on voting interests or significant financial support
provided to the entity which we refer to as variable interests. We
consider all counterparties to a transaction to determine whether a counterparty
is a VIE and, if so, whether our involvement with the entity results in a
variable interest in the entity. We perform analyses to determine
whether we are the primary beneficiary. As of December 31, 2007, we
determined that Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1, Resource Real Estate
Funding CDO 2006-1, Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos Cinco CDO were VIEs
and that we were the primary beneficiary of Resource Real Estate Funding CDO
2007-1, Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1, Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III
Apidos Cinco CDO.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position 140-3, or FSP FAS 140-3, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial
Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions,” which provides guidance on
accounting for a transfer of a financial asset and repurchase
financing. FSP FAS 140-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal
years. We do not expect FSP FAS 140-3 will have a material effect on
our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS
160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial
Statements.” This Statement amends Accounting Research Bulletin 51 to
establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling (minority)
interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a
subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a
subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be
reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. We are
currently determining the effect, if any, that SFAS 160 will have on our
consolidated financial statements. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2009.
In December 2007, the Securities and
Exchange Commission, or SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110, or SAB
110. SAB 110 amends and replaces Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic
14, “Share-Based Payment,” of the Staff Accounting Bulletin
series. Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14 expresses the views of
the staff regarding the use of the “simplified” method in developing an estimate
of expected term of “plain vanilla” share options and allows usage of the
“simplified” method for share option grants prior to December 31,
2007. SAB 110 allows public companies which do not have historically
sufficient experience to provide a reasonable estimate to continue use of the
“simplified” method for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share
option grants after December 31, 2007. We will continue to use the
“simplified” method until we have enough historical experience to provide a
reasonable estimate of expected term in accordance with SAB 110.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS
159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities −
Including an amendment of FASB Statement 115, or SFAS 159. SFAS 159
permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain
other items at fair value. This statement is effective for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007. We are required to adopt
SFAS 159 in the first quarter of 2008 and are currently evaluating the impact
that SFAS 159 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS
157 “Fair Value Measurements,” or SFAS 157. SFAS 157 clarifies the
definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in
GAAP and expands the disclosure of fair value measurements. This
statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007
and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently
determining the effect, if any, the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on our
financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued
Interpretation 48, or FIN 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-An
Interpretation of SFAS 109.” FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for
uncertainty in income taxes by creating a framework for how companies should
recognize, measure, present and disclose in their financial statements uncertain
tax positions that they have taken or expect to take in a tax
return. We adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. The adoption
had no material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Inflation
Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are
interest rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and
other factors influence our performance far more so than does
inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate
with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. Our financial
statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and our distributions are
determined by our board of directors based primarily by our net income as
calculated for tax purposes; in each case, our activities and balance sheet are
measured with reference to historical cost and/or fair market value without
considering inflation.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the primary component of our market risk was
interest rate risk, as described below. While we do not seek to avoid risk
completely, we do seek to assume risk that can be quantified from historical
experience, to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to
justify assuming that risk and to maintain capital levels consistent with the
risk we undertake or to which we are exposed.
Effect
on Fair Value
Another component of interest rate risk
is the effect changes in interest rates will have on the market value of our
assets. We face the risk that the market value of our assets will
increase or decrease at different rates than that of our liabilities, including
our hedging instruments.
We primarily assess our interest rate
risk by estimating the duration of our assets and the duration of our
liabilities. Duration essentially measures the market price
volatility of financial instruments as interest rates change. We
generally calculate duration using various financial models and empirical
data. Different models and methodologies can produce different
duration numbers for the same securities.
The following sensitivity analysis
tables show, at December 31, 2007 and 2006, the estimated impact on the fair
value of our interest rate-sensitive investments and liabilities of changes in
interest rates, assuming rates instantaneously fall 100 basis points and rise
100 basis points (dollars in thousands):
December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||
Interest
rates fall 100
basis
points
|
Unchanged
|
Interest
rates rise 100
basis
points
|
||||||||||
CMBS
– private placement (1)
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | 28,756 | $ | 27,154 | $ | 11,519 | ||||||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | 1,602 | $ | − | $ | (15,635 | ) | |||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
5.90 | % | − |
57.58
|
% | |||||||
Repurchase
and warehouse agreements (2)
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | 207,908 | $ | 207,908 | $ | 207,908 | ||||||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | − | $ | − | $ | − | ||||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
− | − | − | |||||||||
Hedging
instruments
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | (33,731 | ) | $ | (18,040 | ) | $ | (3,234 | ) | |||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | (15,691 | ) | $ | − | $ | 14,806 | |||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
N/M | − | N/M |
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||||
Interest
rates fall 100
basis
points
|
Unchanged
|
Interest
rates rise 100
basis
points
|
||||||||||
ABS-RMBS,
CMBS and other ABS(1)
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | 37,962 | $ | 35,900 | $ | 34,036 | ||||||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | 2,062 | $ | − | $ | (1,864 | ) | |||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
5.74 | % | − | 5.19 | % | |||||||
Repurchase
and warehouse agreements (2)
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | 205,130 | $ | 205,130 | $ | 205,130 | ||||||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | − | $ | − | $ | − | ||||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
− | − | − | |||||||||
Hedging
instruments
|
||||||||||||
Fair value
|
$ | (14,493 | ) | $ | (2,904 | ) | $ | 7,144 | ||||
Change in fair
value
|
$ | (11,589 | ) | $ | − | $ | 10,048 | |||||
Change as a percent of fair
value
|
N/M | − | N/M |
(1)
|
Includes
the fair value of available-for-sale investments that are sensitive to
interest rate changes.
|
(2)
|
The
fair value of the repurchase agreements and warehouse agreements would not
change materially due to the short-term nature of these
instruments.
|
For purposes of the tables, we have
excluded our investments with variable interest rates that are indexed to
LIBOR. Because the variable rates on these instruments are short-term
in nature, we are not subject to material exposure to movements in fair value as
a result of changes in interest rates.
It is important to note that the impact
of changing interest rates on fair value can change significantly when interest
rates change beyond 100 basis points from current levels. Therefore,
the volatility in the fair value of our assets could increase significantly when
interest rates change beyond 100 basis points from current levels. In
addition, other factors impact the fair value of our interest rate-sensitive
investments and hedging instruments, such as the shape of the yield curve,
market expectations as to future interest rate changes and other market
conditions. Accordingly, in the event of changes in actual interest
rates, the change in the fair value of our assets would likely differ from that
shown above and such difference might be material and adverse to our
stockholders.
Risk
Management
To the extent consistent with
maintaining our status as a REIT, we seek to manage our interest rate risk
exposure to protect our portfolio of fixed-rate commercial real estate mortgages
and CMBS and related debt against the effects of major interest rate
changes. We generally seek to manage our interest rate risk
by:
|
·
|
monitoring
and adjusting, if necessary, the reset index and interest rate related to
our mortgage-backed securities and our
borrowings;
|
|
·
|
attempting
to structure our borrowing agreements for our CMBS to have a range of
different maturities, terms, amortizations and interest rate adjustment
periods; and
|
|
·
|
using
derivatives, financial futures, swaps, options, caps, floors and forward
sales, to adjust the interest rate sensitivity of our fixed-rate
commercial real estate mortgages and CMBS and our
borrowing.
|
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of
Directors and Stockholders of
Resource
Capital Corp.
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Resource Capital Corp.
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the
related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and
cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and the period from March
8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December 31, 2005. Our audits of the
basic financial statements included the financial statement schedule listed in
the index appearing under item 15(a) (2). These financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and
financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well
as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Resource Capital Corp. and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
the period from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December 31, 2005,
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a
whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth
therein.
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Resource Capital Corp. and
subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO) and our reported dated March 14, 2008 expressed an
unqualified opinion.
/s/ Grant
Thornton LLP
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
March 14,
2008
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
(in
thousands, except share and per share data)
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
||||||||
Cash and cash
equivalents
|
$ | 6,029 | $ | 5,354 | ||||
Restricted cash
|
119,482 | 32,731 | ||||||
Investment securities
available-for-sale, pledged as collateral, at fair value
|
65,464 | 420,997 | ||||||
Loans, pledged as collateral and
net of allowances of $5.9 million and $0
|
1,766,639 | 1,240,288 | ||||||
Direct financing leases and
notes, pledged as collateral and net of allowance of
$0.3 million and $0 and net of
unearned income
|
95,030 | 88,970 | ||||||
Investments in unconsolidated
entities
|
1,805 | 1,548 | ||||||
Interest
receivable
|
11,965 | 8,839 | ||||||
Principal paydown
receivables
|
836 | 503 | ||||||
Other assets
|
4,898 | 3,599 | ||||||
Total assets
|
$ | 2,072,148 | $ | 1,802,829 | ||||
LIABILITIES
|
||||||||
Borrowings
|
$ | 1,760,969 | $ | 1,463,853 | ||||
Distribution
payable
|
10,366 | 7,663 | ||||||
Accrued interest
expense
|
7,209 | 6,523 | ||||||
Derivatives, at fair
value
|
18,040 | 2,904 | ||||||
Accounts payable and other
liabilities
|
3,958 | 4,335 | ||||||
Total
liabilities
|
1,800,542 | 1,485,278 | ||||||
STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY
|
||||||||
Preferred stock, par value
$0.001: 100,000,000 shares authorized;
no shares issued and
outstanding
|
− | - | ||||||
Common stock, par value
$0.001: 500,000,000 shares authorized;
25,103,532 and 23,821,434
shares issued and outstanding
(including 581,493 and 234,224
unvested restricted shares)
|
25 | 24 | ||||||
Additional paid-in
capital
|
355,205 | 341,400 | ||||||
Deferred equity
compensation
|
− | (1,072 | ) | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive
loss
|
(38,323 | ) | (9,279 | ) | ||||
Distributions in excess of
earnings
|
(45,301 | ) | (13,522 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’
equity
|
271,606 | 317,551 | ||||||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
$ | 2,072,148 | $ | 1,802,829 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in
thousands, except share and per share data)
December
31,
2007
|
December
31,
2006
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
2005
|
||||||||||
REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Loans
|
$ | 138,078 | $ | 70,588 | $ | 14,662 | ||||||
Securities
|
28,810 | 56,048 | 44,247 | |||||||||
Leases
|
7,553 | 5,259 | 578 | |||||||||
Interest income –
other
|
2,554 | 5,180 | 1,900 | |||||||||
Interest
income
|
176,995 | 137,075 | 61,387 | |||||||||
Interest expense
|
121,564 | 101,851 | 43,062 | |||||||||
Net interest
income
|
55,431 | 35,224 | 18,325 | |||||||||
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
||||||||||||
Management fees - related
party
|
6,554 | 4,838 | 3,012 | |||||||||
Equity compensation – related
party
|
1,565 | 2,432 | 2,709 | |||||||||
Professional
services
|
2,911 | 1,881 | 580 | |||||||||
Insurance
|
466 | 498 | 395 | |||||||||
General and
administrative
|
1,581 | 1,428 | 1,032 | |||||||||
Income tax
expense
|
338 | 67 | − | |||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
13,415 | 11,144 | 7,728 | |||||||||
NET
OPERATING INCOME
|
42,016 | 24,080 | 10,597 | |||||||||
OTHER
(EXPENSES) REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Net realized (losses) gains on
sales of investments
|
(15,098 | ) | (8,627 | ) | 311 | |||||||
Gain on deconsolidation of
VIE
|
14,259 | − | − | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease
losses
|
(6,211 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Asset
impairments
|
(26,277 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Other income
|
201 | 153 | − | |||||||||
Total (expenses)
revenue
|
(33,126 | ) | (8,474 | ) | 311 | |||||||
NET
INCOME
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
NET
INCOME PER SHARE – BASIC
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.89 | $ | 0.71 | ||||||
NET
INCOME PER SHARE – DILUTED
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.87 | $ | 0.71 | ||||||
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES
OUTSTANDING –
BASIC
|
24,610,468 | 17,538,273 | 15,333,334 | |||||||||
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES
OUTSTANDING –
DILUTED
|
24,860,184 | 17,881,355 | 15,405,714 | |||||||||
DIVIDENDS
DECLARED PER SHARE
|
$ | 1.62 | $ | 1.49 | $ | 0.86 |
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years
Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December 31, 2005
(in
thousands, except share and per share data)
Shares
|
Amount
|
Additional
Paid-In Capital
|
Deferred
Equity
Compensation
|
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
|
Retained
Earnings
|
Distributions
in Excess of Earnings
|
Treasury
Shares
|
Total
Stockholders’ Equity
|
Comprehensive
Loss
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
shares issued
|
15,333,334 | $ | 15 | $ | 215,310 | $ | − | $ | − | − | $ | − | $ | − | $ | 215,325 | $ | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Offering
costs
|
− | − | (541 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | (541 | ) | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
based compensation
|
349,000 | 1 | 5,392 | (5,393 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | − | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock based
compensation
|
− | − | − | 2,709 | − | − | − | − | 2,709 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
− | − | − | − | − | 10,908 | − | − | 10,908 | 10,908 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale
securities,
fair
value adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | (22,357 | ) | − | − | − | (22,357 | ) | (22,357 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Designated
derivatives, fair value
adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | 2,776 | − | − | − | 2,776 | 2,776 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions
on common stock
|
− | − | − | − | − | (10,908 | ) | (2,579 | ) | − | (13,487 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
loss
|
− | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | $ | (8,673 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
December 31, 2005
|
15,682,334 | 16 | 220,161 | (2,684 | ) | (19,581 | ) | − | (2,579 | ) | − | 195,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
proceeds from common stock
offerings
|
8,120,800 | 8 | 123,213 | − | − | − | − | − | 123,221 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Offering
costs
|
− | − | (2,988 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | (2,988 | ) | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
based compensation
|
18,300 | − | 254 | (60 | ) | − | − | − | − | 194 | − | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
based compensation, fair
value adjustment
|
− | − | 760 | (760 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | − | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock based
compensation
|
− | − | − | 2,432 | − | − | − | − | 2,432 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
− | − | − | − | − | 15,606 | − | − | 15,606 | 15,606 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale
securities, fair
value adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | 16,325 | − | − | − | 16,325 | 16,325 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Designated
derivatives, fair value
adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | (6,023 | ) | − | − | − | (6,023 | ) | (6,023 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions
on common stock
|
− | − | − | − | − | (15,606 | ) | (10,943 | ) | − | (26,549 | ) | − | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income
|
− | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | $ | 25,908 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
December 31, 2006
|
23,821,434 | 24 | 341,400 | (1,072 | ) | (9,279 | ) | − | (13,522 | ) | − | 317,551 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
proceeds from common stock
offerings
|
650,000 | 1 | 10,134 | − | − | − | − | − | 10,135 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Offering
costs
|
− | − | (406 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | (406 | ) | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification
of deferred equity
compensation
|
− | − | (1,072 | ) | 1,072 | − | − | − | − | − | − | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
based compensation
|
526,448 | − | 723 | − | − | − | − | − | 723 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
based compensation, fair
value adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of common stock warrants
|
375,547 | − | 5,632 | − | − | − | − | − | 5,632 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock based
compensation
|
− | − | 1,565 | − | − | − | − | − | 1,565 | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase
and retirement of
treasury
shares
|
(263,000 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | − | (2,771 | ) | (2,771 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forfeiture
of unvested stock
|
(6,897 | ) | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
− | − | − | − | − | 8,890 | − | − | 8,890 | 8,890 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale
securities, fair
value adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | (16,544 | ) | − | − | − | (16,544 | ) | (16,544 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Designated
derivatives, fair value
adjustment
|
− | − | − | − | (12,500 | ) | − | − | − | (12,500 | ) | (12,500 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions
on common stock
|
− | − | − | − | − | (8,890 | ) | (31,779 | ) | − | (40,669 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
loss
|
− | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | $ | (20,154 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance,
December 31, 2007
|
25,103,532 | $ | 25 | $ | 357,976 | $ | − | $ | (38,323 | ) | $ | − | $ | (45,301 | ) | $ | (2,771 | ) | $ | 271,606 |
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in
thousands)
December
31,
|
Period
from
March
8, 2005
(Date
Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||||||
Net income
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net
income to net cash provided by
(used in) operating
activities:
|
||||||||||||
Depreciation and
amortization
|
793 | 399 | 5 | |||||||||
Amortization of premium
(discount) on investments
|
(1,034 | ) | (709 | ) | (362 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of discount on
notes
|
83 | 4 | − | |||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance
costs
|
2,681 | 1,608 | 461 | |||||||||
Amortization of stock-based
compensation
|
1,565 | 2,432 | 2,709 | |||||||||
Non-cash incentive compensation
to the Manager
|
774 | 280 | 86 | |||||||||
Gain on deconsolidation of
VIEs
|
(14,259 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Net realized gain on derivative
instruments
|
(174 | ) | (3,449 | ) | − | |||||||
Net realized losses (gains) on
investments
|
15,098 | 11,201 | (311 | ) | ||||||||
Asset
impairments
|
26,278 | − | − | |||||||||
Provision for loan and lease
losses
|
6,211 | − | − | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and
liabilities:
|
||||||||||||
Increase in restricted
cash
|
(16,775 | ) | (15,894 | ) | (12,288 | ) | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in
interest receivable,
net of purchased
interest
|
(4,881 | ) | 332 | (9,339 | ) | |||||||
Increase in accounts
receivable
|
(511 | ) | (303 | ) | − | |||||||
Increase (decrease) in
principal paydowns receivable
|
(333 | ) | 5,301 | (5,805 | ) | |||||||
(Decrease) increase in
management and incentive fee payable
|
(647 | ) | 417 | 810 | ||||||||
Increase in security
deposits
|
134 | 725 | − | |||||||||
Increase in accounts payable
and accrued liabilities
|
54 | 1,698 | 501 | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) in accrued
interest expense
|
993 | (4,774 | ) | 11,595 | ||||||||
Increase in other
assets
|
(1,562 | ) | (2,002 | ) | (1,365 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities
|
23,378 | 12,872 | (2,395 | ) | ||||||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||||||
Restricted cash
|
(71,930 | ) | 7,279 | (11,829 | ) | |||||||
Purchase of securities
available-for-sale
|
(87,378 | ) | (40,147 | ) | (1,557,752 | ) | ||||||
Principal payments on securities
available-for-sale
|
11,333 | 129,900 | 136,688 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of securities
available-for-sale
|
29,867 | 884,772 | 8,483 | |||||||||
Distribution from unconsolidated
entities
|
517 | − | − | |||||||||
Purchase of loans
|
(1,296,938 | ) | (1,067,068 | ) | (633,359 | ) | ||||||
Principal payments received on
loans
|
572,046 | 205,546 | 35,130 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of
loans
|
183,455 | 128,498 | 91,023 | |||||||||
Purchase of direct financing
leases and notes
|
(38,735 | ) | (106,742 | ) | (25,097 | ) | ||||||
Principal payments received on
direct financing leases and notes
|
26,366 | 24,634 | 1,780 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of direct
financing leases and notes
|
6,378 | 17,261 | − | |||||||||
Purchase of property and
equipment
|
− | (6 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in (provided by)
investing activities
|
(665,019 | ) | 183,927 | (1,954,938 | ) |
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS − (Continued)
(in
thousands)
December
31,
|
Period
from
March
8, 2005
(Date
Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||||||
Net proceeds from issuances of
common stock (net of offering costs
of $406, $2,988 and
$541)
|
15,362 | 120,232 | 214,784 | |||||||||
Repurchase of common
stock
|
(2,771 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Proceeds from
borrowings:
|
||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
464,137 | 7,170,093 | 8,446,739 | |||||||||
Collateralized debt
obligations
|
674,653 | 527,980 | 697,500 | |||||||||
Unsecured revolving credit
facility
|
10,000 | 25,500 | 15,000 | |||||||||
Secured term
facility
|
30,077 | 112,887 | − | |||||||||
Payments on
borrowings:
|
||||||||||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
(468,102 | ) | (8,116,131 | ) | (7,380,566 | ) | ||||||
Collateralized debt
obligations
|
(993 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Unsecured revolving credit
facility
|
(10,000 | ) | (40,500 | ) | − | |||||||
Secured term
facility
|
(23,011 | ) | (28,214 | ) | − | |||||||
Issuance of Trust Preferred
Securities
|
− | 50,000 | − | |||||||||
Settlement of derivative
instruments
|
2,581 | 3,335 | − | |||||||||
Payment of debt issuance
costs
|
(11,651 | ) | (9,825 | ) | (10,554 | ) | ||||||
Distributions paid on common
stock
|
(37,966 | ) | (24,531 | ) | (7,841 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in)
financing activities
|
642,316 | (209,174 | ) | 1,975,062 | ||||||||
NET
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
675 | (12,375 | ) | 17,729 | ||||||||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
|
5,354 | 17,729 | − | |||||||||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD
|
$ | 6,029 | $ | 5,354 | $ | 17,729 | ||||||
NON-CASH
INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||||||||
Distributions on common stock
declared but not paid
|
$ | 10,366 | $ | 7,663 | $ | 5,646 | ||||||
Issuance of restricted
stock
|
$ | 6,650 | $ | − | $ | 5,175 | ||||||
Purchase of loans on warehouse
line
|
$ | (311,069 | ) | $ | (222,577 | ) | $ | (537,672 | ) | |||
Proceeds from warehouse
line
|
$ | 311,069 | $ | 222,577 | $ | 537,672 | ||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL
DISCLOSURE:
|
||||||||||||
Interest expense paid in
cash
|
$ | 136,683 | $ | 137,748 | $ | 46,268 | ||||||
Income taxes paid in
cash
|
$ | 90 | $ | − | $ | − |
See accompanying notes to consolidated
financial statements
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
1 − ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF QUARTERLY PRESENTATION
Resource Capital Corp. and
subsidiaries’ (the ‘‘Company’’) principal business activity is to purchase and
manage a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate-related assets and
commercial finance assets. The Company’s investment activities are
managed by Resource Capital Manager, Inc. (‘‘Manager’’) pursuant to a management
agreement (‘‘Management Agreement’’). The Manager is a wholly-owned
indirect subsidiary of Resource America, Inc. (“Resource America”) (Nasdaq:
REXI).
The Company has three direct
wholly-owned subsidiaries:
|
·
|
RCC
Real Estate, Inc. (“RCC Real Estate”) holds real estate investments,
including commercial real estate loans. RCC Real Estate owns
100% of the equity of the following
entities:
|
|
-
|
Resource
Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1 (“RREF 2006-1”), a Cayman Islands limited
liability company and qualified real estate investment trust (“REIT”)
subsidiary (“QRS”). RREF 2006-1 was established to complete a
collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) issuance secured by a portfolio of
commercial real estate loans and commercial mortgage-backed
securities.
|
|
-
|
Resource
Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1 (“RREF 2007-1”), a Cayman Islands limited
liability company and QRS. RREF 2007-1 was established to
complete a CDO issuance secured by a portfolio of commercial real estate
loans and
commercial mortgage-backed securities.
|
|
·
|
RCC
Commercial, Inc. (“RCC Commercial”) holds bank loan investments and real
estate investments, including commercial and residential real
estate-related securities. RCC Commercial owns 100% of the
equity of the following entities:
|
|
-
|
Apidos
CDO I, Ltd. (“Apidos CDO I”), a Cayman Islands limited liability company
and taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”). Apidos CDO I was
established to complete a CDO secured by a portfolio of bank
loans.
|
|
-
|
Apidos
CDO III, Ltd. (“Apidos CDO III”), a Cayman Islands limited liability
company and TRS. Apidos CDO III was established to complete a
CDO secured by a portfolio of bank
loans.
|
|
-
|
Apidos
Cinco CDO, Ltd. (“Apidos Cinco CDO”), a Cayman Islands limited liability
company and TRS. Apidos Cinco CDO was established to complete a
CDO secured by a portfolio of bank
loans.
|
|
·
|
Resource
TRS, Inc. (“Resource TRS”), the Company's directly-owned TRS, holds all
the Company’s direct financing leases and
notes.
|
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles
of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial
statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries,
all of which are wholly-owned.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Principles
of Consolidation − (Continued)
When the
Company obtains an explicit or implicit interest in an entity, the Company
evaluates the entity to determine if the entity is a variable interest entity
(“VIE”), and, if so, whether or not the Company is deemed to be the primary
beneficiary of the VIE, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board
(“FASB”) Interpretation 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as
revised (“FIN 46-R”). Generally, the Company consolidates VIEs for
which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary or for non-VIEs which
the Company controls. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the variable interest
holder that absorbs the majority of the variability in the expected losses or
the residual returns of the VIE. When determining the primary
beneficiary of a VIE, the Company considers its aggregate explicit and implicit
variable interests as a single variable interest. If the Company’s
single variable interest absorbs the majority of the variability in the expected
losses or the residual returns of the VIE, the Company is considered the primary
beneficiary of the VIE. The Company reconsiders its determination of
whether an entity is a VIE and whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of
such VIE if certain events occur.
The Company has a 100% interest in two
trusts, Resource Capital Trust I (“RCT I”) and Resource Capital Trust II (“RCT
II”). Because the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary
of either trust, RCT I and RCT II are not consolidated in the Company’s
consolidated financial statements, and are accounted for as investments in
unconsolidated entities on the consolidated balance sheet. For the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company recognized $146,000 and
$56,000, respectively, of income on its investment in RCT I and RCT
II. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company
recognized $4.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of interest expense
which included $117,000 and $43,000, respectively, of amortization of deferred
debt issuance costs.
All
inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use
of Estimates
The preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Estimates affecting the accompanying consolidated financial statements include
the net realizable and fair values of the Company’s investments and derivatives
and the estimated life used to calculate amortization and accretion of premiums
and discounts, respectively, on investments.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include
cash on hand and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three
months or less at the time of purchase, which include overnight deposits in the
form of reverse repurchase agreements that are held at financial
institutions.
Investment
Securities Available for Sale
The Company accounts for its
investments in securities under SFAS 115, ‘‘Accounting for Certain Investments
in Debt and Equity Securities,” which requires the Company to classify its
investment portfolio as either trading investments, available-for-sale or
held-to-maturity. Although the Company generally plans to hold most
of its investments to maturity, it may, from time to time, sell any of its
investments due to changes in market conditions or in accordance with its
investment strategy. Accordingly, the Company classifies all of its
investment securities as available-for-sale and reports them at fair value,
based on market prices provided by dealers. Unrealized gains and
losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in
stockholders’ equity.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Investment
Securities Available for Sale − (Continued)
The Company evaluates its investments
for other-than-temporary impairment in accordance with SFAS 115 and related
prouncements, which requires an investor to determine when an investment is
considered impaired (i.e., when its fair value has declined below its amortized
cost), evaluate whether that impairment is other than temporary (i.e., the
investment value will not be recovered over its remaining life), and, if the
impairment is other than temporary, recognizes an impairment loss equal to the
difference between the investment’s cost and its fair value.
Investment securities transactions are
recorded on the trade date. Purchases of newly issued securities are
recorded when all significant uncertainties regarding the characteristics of the
securities are removed, generally shortly before settlement
date. Realized gains and losses on investment securities are
determined on the specific identification method.
Interest
Income Recognition
Interest income on the Company’s
mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities is accrued using the effective
yield method based on the actual coupon rate and the outstanding principal
amount of the underlying mortgages or other assets. Premiums and
discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income over the lives of the
securities also using the effective yield method (or a method that approximates
effective yield), adjusted for the effects of estimated prepayments based on
SFAS 91, ‘‘Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with
Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases,’’ (“SFAS
91”). For an investment purchased at par, the effective yield is the
contractual interest rate on the investment. If the investment is
purchased at a discount or at a premium, the effective yield is computed based
on the contractual interest rate increased for the accretion of a purchase
discount or decreased for the amortization of a purchase premium. The
effective yield method requires the Company to make estimates of future
prepayment rates for its investments that can be contractually prepaid before
their contractual maturity date so that the purchase discount can be accreted,
or the purchase premium can be amortized, over the estimated remaining life of
the investment. The prepayment estimates that the Company uses
directly impact the estimated remaining lives of its
investments. Actual prepayment estimates are reviewed as of each
quarter end or more frequently if the Company becomes aware of any material
information that would lead it to believe that an adjustment is necessary. If
prepayment estimates are incorrect, the amortization or accretion of premiums
and discounts may have to be adjusted, which would have an impact on future
income.
Loans
The Company acquires whole loans
through direct origination, through the acquisition of participations in
commercial real estate loans and corporate leveraged loans in the secondary
market and through syndications of newly originated loans. Loans are
held for investment; therefore, the Company initially records them at their
acquisition price, and subsequently, accounts for them based on their
outstanding principal plus or minus unamortized premiums or
discounts. In certain instances, where the credit fundamentals
underlying a particular loan have changed in such a manner that the Company’s
expected return on investment may decrease, the Company may sell a loan held for
investment due to adverse changes in credit fundamentals. Once the
determination has been made by the Company that it no longer will hold the loan
for investment, the Company identifies these loans as “Loans held for sale” and
will account for them at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Loan
Interest Income Recognition
Interest income on loans includes
interest at stated rates adjusted for amortization or accretion of premiums and
discounts. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into
income using the effective yield method. When the Company purchases a
loan or pool of loans at a discount, it considers the provisions of AICPA
Statement of Position (‘‘SOP’’) 03-3 ‘‘Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt
Securities Acquired in a Transfer’’ to evaluate whether all or a portion of the
discount represents accretable yield. If a loan with a premium or
discount is prepaid, the Company immediately recognizes the unamortized portion
as a decrease or increase to interest income. In addition, the
Company defers loan origination fees and loan origination costs and recognizes
them over the life of the related loan against interest using the effective
yield method.
Allowance
for Loan and Lease Losses
The Company maintains an allowance for
loan and lease losses. Loans and leases held for investment are first
individually evaluated for impairment, and then evaluated as a homogeneous pool
as loans with substantially similar characteristics for
impairment. The reviews are performed at least
quarterly.
For individually impaired loans, the
Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and
events, management believes it is probable that the Company will be unable to
collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan
agreement. When a loan is impaired, the allowance for loan losses is
increased by the amount of the excess of the amortized cost basis of the loan
over its fair value. Fair value may be determined based the present
value of estimated cash flows; on market price, if available; or the fair value
of the collateral less estimated disposition costs. When a loan, or a
portion thereof, is considered uncollectible and pursuit of the collection is
not warranted, then the Company will record a charge-off or write-down of the
loan against the allowance for credit losses. The balance of impaired
loans and leases was $17.4 million at December 31, 2007. The total
balance of impaired loans and leases with a valuation allowance at December 31,
2007 was $17.0 million. All of the loans deemed impaired at December
31, 2007 have an associated valuation allowance. The total balance of
impaired leases without a specific valuation allowance was $359,000 at December
31, 2007. The specific valuation allowance related to these impaired
loans and leases was $2.3 million at December 31, 2007. The average
balance of impaired loans and leases was $4.3 million during
2007. The Company did not recognize any income on impaired loans and
leases during 2007 once each individual loan or lease became
impaired. There were no such impaired loans or leases at December 31,
2006.
An impaired loan or lease may remain on
accrual status during the period in which the Company is pursuing repayment of
the loan or lease; however, the loan or lease would be placed on non-accrual
status at such time as either (i) management believes that scheduled debt
service payments will not be met within the coming 12 months; (ii) the loan or
lease becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) management determines the borrower is
incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment;
or (iv) the net realizable value of the loan’s underlying collateral
approximates the Company’s carrying value of such loan. While on
non-accrual status, the Company recognizes interest income only when an actual
payment is received.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Allowance
for Loan and Lease Losses − (Continued)
The following tables show the changes
in the allowance for loan and lease losses (in thousands):
Year
Ended
December
31,
2007
|
||||
Allowance
for loan loss at December 31, 2006
|
$ | − | ||
Reserve charged to
expense
|
5,918 | |||
Loans
charged-off
|
− | |||
Recoveries
|
− | |||
Allowance
for loan loss at December 31, 2007
|
5,918 |
Year
Ended
December
31,
2007
|
||||
Allowance
for lease loss at December 31, 2006
|
$ | − | ||
Reserve charged to
expense
|
293 | |||
Loans
charged-off
|
− | |||
Recoveries
|
− | |||
Allowance
for lease loss at December 31, 2007
|
293 |
Accounting
for Certain Mortgage-Backed Securities (“MBS”) and Related Repurchase
Agreements
In certain circumstances, the Company
has purchased debt investments from a counterparty and subsequently financed the
acquisition of those debt investments through repurchase agreements with the
same counterparty. The Company’s policy is to currently record the
acquisition of the debt investments as assets and the related repurchase
agreements as financing liabilities gross on the consolidated balance
sheets. Interest income earned on the debt investments and interest
expense incurred on the repurchase obligations are reported gross on the
consolidated statements of income. However, under a certain technical
interpretation of SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial
Assets” (“SFAS 140”) such transactions may not qualify as a
purchase. Management of the Company believes, based upon its
determination that the method it has adopted is industry practice, that it is
accounting for these transactions in an appropriate manner. However, the
result of this technical interpretation would prevent the Company from
presenting the debt investments and repurchase agreements and the related
interest income and interest expense on a gross basis on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements. Instead, the Company would present
the net investment in these transactions with the counterparty as a derivative
with the corresponding change in fair value of the derivative being recorded
through earnings. The value of the derivative would reflect changes
in the value of the underlying debt investments and changes in the value of the
underlying credit provided by the counterparty. As of December 31,
2007, the Company had no transactions where debt instruments were financed with
the same counterparty. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had one
transaction where debt instruments were financed with the same
counterparty.
Comprehensive
Income
Comprehensive income for the Company
includes net income and the change in net unrealized gains/ (losses) on
available-for-sale securities and derivative instruments used to hedge exposure
to interest rate fluctuations and protect against declines in the market-value
of assets resulting from general trends in debt markets.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Income
Taxes
The Company operates in such a manner
as to qualify as a REIT under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the "Code"); therefore applicable REIT taxable income is
included in the taxable income of its shareholders, to the extent distributed by
the Company. To maintain REIT status for Federal income tax purposes,
the Company is generally required to distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable
income to its shareholders as well as comply with certain other qualification
requirements as defined under the Code. Accordingly, the Company is
not subject to federal corporate income tax to extent that it distributes 100%
of its REIT taxable income each year.
Taxable income from non-REIT activities
managed through Resource TRS are subject to federal, state and local income
taxes. Resource TRS' income taxes are accounted for under the asset
and liability method as required under SFAS 109 "Accounting for Income
Taxes." Under the asset and liability method, deferred income taxes
are recognized for the temporary differences between the financial reporting
basis and tax basis of Resource TRS' assets and liabilities.
Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III, Apidos
Cinco CDO and Ischus CDO II, the Company’s foreign TRSs, are organized as
exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the
Cayman Islands, and are generally exempt from federal and state income tax at
the corporate level because their activities in the United States are limited to
trading in stock and securities for their own account. Therefore,
despite their status as TRSs, they generally will not be subject to corporate
tax on their earnings and no provision for income taxes is required; however,
because they are “controlled foreign corporations,” the Company will generally
be required to include Apidos CDO I’s, Apidos CDO III’s and Apidos Cinco CDO’s
current taxable income in its calculation of REIT taxable income.
Stock
Based Compensation
The
Company follows SFAS 123(R), “Share Based Payment,” (“SFAS
123(R)”). Issuances of restricted stock and options are accounted for
using the fair value based methodology prescribed by SFAS 123(R) whereby the
fair value of the award is measured on the grant date and expensed monthly to
equity compensation expense - related party on the consolidated statements of
income with an offsetting entry to additional paid-in capital. For
issuances to the Company’s Manager and to non-employees, the unvested stock and
options are adjusted quarterly to reflect changes in fair value as performance
under the agreement is completed. For issuances to the Company’s five
non-employee directors, the amount is not remeasured under the fair value-based
method. The compensation for each of these issuances is amortized
over the service period and included in equity compensation
expense.
Incentive
Compensation
The Management Agreement provides for
incentive compensation if the Company’s financial performance exceeds certain
benchmarks. See Note 12 for further discussion on the specific terms
of the computation and payment of the incentive fee.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Incentive
Compensation − (Continued)
The incentive fee will be paid up to
75% in cash and at least 25% in restricted stock. The cash portion of
the incentive fee is accrued and expensed during the period for which it is
calculated and earned. In accordance with SFAS 123(R) and EITF 96-18,
“Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other than Employees for
Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services” (“EITF 96-18”),
the restricted stock portion of the incentive fee is also accrued and expensed
during the period for which it is calculated and earned. Shares
granted in connection with the incentive fee will vest
immediately. The Manager earned an incentive management fee of $1.5
million of which $924,000 was paid in cash and $551,000 was paid in stock
(37,543 shares) for the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31,
2007. The Manager earned an incentive management fee of $1.1 million
of which $840,000 was paid in cash and $280,000 was paid in stock (18,298
shares) for the period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006. The
Manager earned an incentive management fee of $344,000 of which $258,000 was
paid in cash and $86,000 was paid in stock (5,738 shares) for the period from
March 8, 2005 to December 31, 2005.
Net
Income Per Share
In accordance with the provisions of
SFAS 128, ‘‘Earnings per Share,’’ (“SFAS 128”) the Company calculates basic
income per share by dividing net income for the period by weighted-average
shares of its common stock, including vested restricted stock, outstanding for
that period. Diluted income per share takes into account the effect
of dilutive instruments, such as stock options and unvested restricted stock,
but uses the average share price for the period in determining the number of
incremental shares that are to be added to the weighted-average number of shares
outstanding (see Note 11).
Derivative
Instruments
The Company’s policies permit it to
enter into derivative contracts, including interest rate swaps and interest rate
caps to add stability to its interest expense and to manage its exposure to
interest rate movements or other identified risks. The Company has
designated these transactions as cash flow hedges. The contracts or
hedge instruments are evaluated at inception and at subsequent balance sheet
dates to determine if they qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133,
“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (“SFAS
133”). SFAS 133 requires the Company recognize all derivatives on the
balance sheet at fair value. The Company records changes in the
estimated fair value of the derivative in other comprehensive income to the
extent that it is effective. Any ineffective portion of a
derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in
earnings.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
2 − SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES − (Continued)
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position 140-3, or FSP FAS 140-3, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial
Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions,” which provides guidance on
accounting for a transfer of a financial asset and repurchase
financing. FSP FAS 140-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2008 and interim periods within those fiscal
years. The Company does not expect FSP FAS 140-3 will have a material
effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS
160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements,” (“SFAS
160”). SFAS 160 amends Accounting Research Bulletin 51 to establish
accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling (minority) interest in
a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It
clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership
interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the
consolidated financial statements. The Company is currently
determining the effect, if any, that SFAS 160 will have on its consolidated
financial statements. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2009.
In December 2007, the Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 110 (“SAB
110”). SAB 110 amends and replaces Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic
14, “Share-Based Payment,” of the Staff Accounting Bulletin
series. Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14 expresses the views of
the staff regarding the use of the “simplified” method in developing an estimate
of the expected term of “plain vanilla” share options and allows usage of the
“simplified” method for share option grants prior to December 31,
2007. SAB 110 allows public companies which do not have historically
sufficient experience to provide a reasonable estimate to continue use of the
“simplified” method for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share
option grants after December 31, 2007. The Company will continue to
use the “simplified” method until it has enough historical experience to provide
a reasonable estimate of expected term in accordance with SAB 110.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS
159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities −
Including an amendment of FASB Statement 115,” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159
permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain
other items at fair value. This statement is effective for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact that SFAS 159 will have on its consolidated financial
statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS
157 “Fair Value Measurements,” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 clarifies the
definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in
GAAP and expands the disclosure of fair value measurements. This
statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007
and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is
currently determining the effect, if any, the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on
its consolidated financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued
Interpretation FIN 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-An
Interpretation of SFAS 109,” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the
accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by creating a framework for how
companies should recognize, measure, present and disclose in their financial
statements uncertain tax positions that they have taken or expect to take in a
tax return. The Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1,
2007. The adoption had no material effect on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been
made to the 2006 and 2005 consolidated financial statements to conform to the
2007 presentation.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
3 − RESTRICTED CASH
Restricted cash consists of $103.6
million held in five consolidated CDO trusts, $7.1 million in cash
collateralizing outstanding margin calls and a $4.8 million credit facility
reserve used to fund future investments that will be acquired by the Company’s
three closed bank loan CDO trusts. The remaining $4.0 million
consists of interest reserves and security deposits held in connection with the
Company’s equipment lease and note portfolio.
NOTE
4 – DECONSOLIDATION OF VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY
The Company consolidates VIEs if the
Company determines it is the primary beneficiary, in accordance with FIN
46-R. During the quarter year ended December 31, 2007, the Company
sold a portion of its preferred shares in Ischus CDO II to an independent third
party. The sale was deemed to be a reconsideration event under FIN
46-R and the Company determined it was no longer the primary
beneficiary. Therefore, as of the date of the sale, the Company
deconsolidated Ischus CDO II and wrote down its investment in this CDO by $15.6
million which is recorded in net realized (losses) gains on sales of investments
on the Company’s consolidated statement of income. Additionally, the
losses the Company recorded on the sales of the net assets were in excess of its
cost basis and, as a result, the Company recorded a gain on the deconsolidation
of Ischus CDO II of $14.3 million.
At December 31, 2007, the Company’s
remaining value of its preferred shares in Ischus CDO II was
$257,000. The Company will recognize income on these preferred shares
using the cost recovery method. During the period from
deconsolidation through December 31, 2007, the Company collected cash
distributions of $465,000, which was all applied as a reduction of the Company’s
investment. No income was recognized on this investment from the
period of deconsolidation through December 31, 2007.
The following table summarizes the
Company’s calculation of its loss on its investment in Ischus CDO II (in
thousands):
December
31, 2007
|
||||
Write-down
of Investment in Ischus CDO II
|
||||
Original
investment
|
$ | 27,000 | ||
Cumulative cash
distributions
|
(10,697 | ) | ||
Net basis
|
16,303 | |||
Investment valuation at time of
sale
|
(722 | ) | ||
Write-down of
investment
|
$ | 15,581 |
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
4 – DECONSOLIDATION OF VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES − (Continued)
The following tables summarize the
balance sheet and statement of operations of Ischus CDO II as of the date of
deconsolidation during 2007 and its income statements for historical
periods. The statement of operations for Ischus CDO II is included in
the Company’s consolidated statement of income during 2007 whereas the assets of
the consolidated balance sheet below have been removed from the Company’s
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2007. The
following table also describes the non-cash changes in the Company’s assets and
liabilities during 2007 caused by the deconsolidation of Ischus CDO II (in
thousands):
November
13, 2007
|
||||
ASSETS
|
||||
Available-for-sale securities,
pledged
|
$ | 214,769 | ||
Restricted cash
|
1,954 | |||
Interest
receivable
|
1,747 | |||
Other assets
|
191 | |||
Total assets
|
$ | 218,661 | ||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
||||
Borrowings
|
$ | 370,688 | ||
Accrued interest and other
payables
|
414 | |||
Other comprehensive
loss
|
(154,486 | ) | ||
RCC investment at date of
deconsolidation
|
16,304 | |||
232,920 | ||||
Gain on deconsolidation of
VIE
|
(14,259 | ) | ||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
$ | 218,661 |
December
31,
2007
|
December
31,
2006
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
2005
|
||||||||||
REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Securities
|
$ | 24,463 | $ | 27,189 | $ | 9,252 | ||||||
Interest income –
other
|
134 | 86 | 100 | |||||||||
Total interest
income
|
24,597 | 27,275 | 9,352 | |||||||||
Interest expense
|
19,688 | 21,666 | 7,161 | |||||||||
Net interest
income
|
4,909 | 5,609 | 2,191 | |||||||||
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
||||||||||||
Professional
services
|
138 | 228 | 97 | |||||||||
General and
administrative
|
83 | 99 | 45 | |||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
221 | 327 | 142 | |||||||||
NET
OPERATING INCOME
|
4,688 | 5,282 | 2,049 | |||||||||
OTHER
(EXPENSES) REVENUES
|
||||||||||||
Net realized gain (loss) on
investments
|
47 | (47 | ) | − | ||||||||
Asset
impairments
|
(26,277 | ) | − | − | ||||||||
Total expenses
|
(26,230 | ) | (47 | ) | − | |||||||
NET
(LOSS) INCOME
|
$ | (21,542 | ) | $ | 5,235 | $ | 2,049 |
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
5 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
The following table summarizes the
Company's mortgage-backed securities, other asset-backed securities, including
those pledged as collateral and classified as available-for-sale, which are
carried at fair value (in thousands):
Amortized
Cost
|
Unrealized
Gains
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
Estimated
Fair Value (1)
|
|||||||||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
||||||||||||||||
Commercial
mortgage-backed private placement
|
$ | 82,373 | $ | − | $ | (17,809 | ) | $ | 64,564 | |||||||
Other
asset-backed
|
5,665 | − | (4,765 | ) | 900 | |||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 88,038 | $ | − | $ | (22,574 | ) | $ | 65,464 | |||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||||||||
ABS-RMBS
|
$ | 348,496 | $ | 913 | $ | (6,561 | ) | $ | 342,848 | |||||||
Commercial
mortgage-backed
|
27,951 | 23 | (536 | ) | 27,438 | |||||||||||
Commercial
mortgage-backed private placement
|
30,055 | − | − | 30,055 | ||||||||||||
Other
asset-backed
|
20,526 | 130 | − | 20,656 | ||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 427,028 | $ | 1,066 | $ | (7,097 | ) | $ | 420,997 |
(1)
|
As
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, all securities were pledged as collateral
security under related financings.
|
The following table summarizes the
estimated maturities of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities, other
asset-backed securities and private equity investments according to their
estimated weighted average life classifications (in thousands, except
percentages):
Weighted
Average Life
|
Fair
Value
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Weighted
Average Coupon
|
|||||||||
December
31, 2007:
|
||||||||||||
Less than one
year
|
$ | 11,908 | $ | 12,824 |
6.15%
|
|||||||
Greater than one year and less
than five years
|
19,042 | 21,589 |
6.16%
|
|||||||||
Greater than five
years
|
34,514 | 53,625 |
5.85%
|
|||||||||
Total
|
$ | 65,464 | $ | 88,038 |
5.96%
|
|||||||
December
31, 2006:
|
||||||||||||
Less than one
year
|
$ | − | $ | − |
−%
|
|||||||
Greater than one year and less
than five years
|
378,057 | 383,700 |
6.78%
|
|||||||||
Greater than five
years
|
42,940 | 43,328 |
6.15%
|
|||||||||
Total
|
$ | 420,997 | $ | 427,028 |
6.71%
|
The contractual maturities of the
investment securities available-for-sale range from July 2017 to
March 2051.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
5 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE − (Continued)
The following table shows the fair
value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length
of time, of those individual investment securities that have been in a
continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):
Less
than 12 Months
|
More
than 12 Months
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair
Value
|
Gross
Unrealized Losses
|
Fair
Value
|
Gross
Unrealized Losses
|
Fair
Value
|
Gross
Unrealized Losses
|
|||||||||||||||||||
December
31,
2007:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial
mortgage-
backed private
placement
|
$ | 64,564 | $ | (17,809 | ) | $ | − | $ | − | $ | 64,564 | $ | (17,809 | ) | ||||||||||
Other
asset-backed
|
900 | (4,765 | ) | − | − | 900 | (4,765 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total temporarily
impaired
securities
|
$ | 65,464 | $ | (22,574 | ) | $ | − | $ | − | $ | 65,464 | $ | (22,574 | ) | ||||||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
ABS-RMBS
|
$ | 143,948 | $ | (2,580 | ) | $ | 86,712 | $ | (3,981 | ) | $ | 230,660 | $ | (6,561 | ) | |||||||||
Commercial
mortgage-
backed
|
− | − | 19,132 | (536 | ) | 19,132 | (536 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total temporarily
impaired
securities
|
$ | 143,948 | $ | (2,580 | ) | $ | 105,844 | $ | (4,517 | ) | $ | 249,792 | $ | (7,097 | ) |
The
temporary impairment of the investment securities available-for-sale results
from the fair value of the securities falling below their amortized cost basis
and is primarily attributed to changes in interest rates and market
conditions. The Company intends and has the ability to hold the
securities until the fair value of the securities held is recovered, which may
be maturity. As of December 31, 2007, the Company recognized $26.3
million of other-than-temporary impairment on its securities. No such
impairment was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2006. As a
result of the impairment charge, the cost of these securities was written down
to fair value. The assets that related to these impairment charges
were part of Ischus CDO II. In November 2007, Ischus CDO II was
deconsolidated and this impairment charge was offset through the gain recorded
on deconsolidation of $14.3 million (see Note 4). The Company does
not believe that any other of its securities classified as available-for-sale
were other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2007.
The
determination of other-than-temporary impairment is a subjective process, and
different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing of loss
realization. The Company reviews its portfolios monthly and the
determination of other-than-temporary impairment is made at least
quarterly. The Company considers the following factors when
determining if there is an other-than-temporary impairment on a
security:
|
·
|
the
length of time the market value has been less than amortized
cost;
|
|
·
|
the
Company’s intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time
sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market
value;
|
|
·
|
the
severity of the impairment;
|
|
·
|
the
expected loss of the security as generated by third party software;
and
|
|
·
|
credit
ratings from the rating agencies.
|
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
6 – LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT
The following is a summary of the
Company’s loans (in thousands):
Loan
Description
|
Principal
|
Unamortized
(Discount)
Premium
|
Carrying
Value
(1)
|
|||||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
||||||||||||
Bank
loans
|
$ | 931,107 | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 931,101 | |||||
Commercial real estate
loans:
|
||||||||||||
Whole
loans
|
532,277 | (3,559 | ) | 528,718 | ||||||||
B
notes
|
89,448 | 129 | 89,577 | |||||||||
Mezzanine
loans
|
227,597 | (4,435 | ) | 223,162 | ||||||||
Total commercial real estate
loans
|
849,322 | (7,865 | ) | 841,457 | ||||||||
1,780,429 | (7,871 | ) | 1,772,558 | |||||||||
Allowance for loan
loss
|
(5,919 | ) | − | (5,919 | ) | |||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,774,510 | $ | (7,871 | ) | $ | 1,766,639 | |||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||||
Bank
loans
|
$ | 613,322 | $ | 908 | $ | 614,230 | ||||||
Commercial real estate
loans:
|
||||||||||||
Whole
loans
|
190,768 | − | 190,768 | |||||||||
A
notes
|
42,515 | − | 42,515 | |||||||||
B
notes
|
203,553 | 33 | 203,586 | |||||||||
Mezzanine
loans
|
194,776 | (5,587 | ) | 189,189 | ||||||||
Total commercial real estate
loans
|
631,612 | (5,554 | ) | 626,058 | ||||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,244,934 | $ | (4,646 | ) | $ | 1,240,288 |
(1)
|
Substantially
all loans are pledged as collateral under various borrowings at December
31, 2007 and December 31, 2006.
|
As of December 31, 2007, approximately 16% of the Company’s portfolio was
concentrated in California.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company’s bank loan portfolio consisted of $928.3 million
of floating rate loans, which bear interest between the London Interbank Offered
Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1.38% and LIBOR plus 7.50%, with maturity dates ranging from
July 2008 to August 2022.
At December 31, 2006, the Company’s
bank loan portfolio consisted of $614.2 million of floating rate loans, which
bear interest between LIBOR plus 1.38% and LIBOR plus 7.50%, with maturity dates
ranging from March 2008 to August 2022, and a $249,000 fixed rate loan, which
bears interest at 6.25% with a maturity date of September 2015.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
6 – LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT − (Continued)
The following is a summary of the
loans in the Company’s commercial real estate loan portfolio at the dates
indicated (in thousands):
Description
|
Quantity
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Contracted
Interest
Rates
|
Maturity
Dates
|
||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
||||||||||
Whole
loans, floating rate
|
28 | $ | 430,776 |
LIBOR
plus 1.50% to LIBOR plus 4.25%
|
May
2008 to
July
2010
|
|||||
Whole
loans, fixed rate
|
7 | 97,942 |
6.98%
to 8.57%
|
May
2009 to
August
2012
|
||||||
B
notes, floating rate
|
3 | 33,570 |
LIBOR
plus 2.50% to LIBOR plus 3.01%
|
March
2008 to
October
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, fixed rate
|
3 | 56,007 |
7.00%
to 8.68%
|
July
2011 to
July
2016
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, floating rate
|
11 | 141,894 |
LIBOR
plus 2.15% to LIBOR plus 3.45%
|
February
2008 to
May
2009
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, fixed rate
|
7 | 81,268 |
5.78%
to 11.00%
|
October
2009 to
September
2016
|
||||||
Total
|
59 | $ | 841,457 | |||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||
Whole
loans, floating rate
|
9 | $ | 190,768 |
LIBOR
plus 2.50% to LIBOR plus 3.65%
|
August
2007 to
January
2010
|
|||||
A
notes, floating rate
|
2 | 42,515 |
LIBOR
plus 1.25% to LIBOR plus 1.35%
|
January
2008 to
April
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, floating rate
|
10 | 147,196 |
LIBOR
plus 1.90% to LIBOR plus 6.25%
|
April
2007 to
October
2008
|
||||||
B
notes, fixed rate
|
3 | 56,390 |
7.00%
to 8.68%
|
July
2011 to
July
2016
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, floating rate
|
7 | 105,288 |
LIBOR
plus 2.20% to LIBOR plus 4.50%
|
August
2007 to
October
2008
|
||||||
Mezzanine
loans, fixed rate
|
8 | 83,901 |
5.78%
to 11.00%
|
August
2007 to
September
2016
|
||||||
Total
|
39 | $ | 626,058 |
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company had recorded a provision for loan loss of $5.9
million consisting of a $2.7 million provision on the Company’s bank loan
portfolio and a $3.2 million provision on the Company’s commercial real estate
portfolio as a result of the Company having two bank loans and one commercial
real estate loan that were deemed impaired. As of December 31, 2006,
the Company had not recorded an allowance for loan losses.
The Company has one Mezzanine Loan,
with a book value of $11.7 million, net of a reserve of $1.1 million, that is
secured by 100% of the equity interests in two shopping centers. The
Company had been informed in writing that the Borrower would be making the
February 2008 payment directly to the Company on March 17, 2008 and that funds
sufficient to make the March 2008 payment were on deposit with the special
servicer of the senior loan secured by the properties. However, on March
17, 2008, the borrower informed the Company that it would not make the February
2008 payment directly to the Company, but would direct such payment to the
special servicer. The special servicer has informed the Company that it
will hold the February 2008 and March 2008 payments in a curtailment account
until the borrower provides certain financial information. The Company
continues to work closely with the borrower and special
servicer.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
7 –DIRECT FINANCING LEASES AND NOTES
The Company’s direct financing leases
and notes have initial lease and note terms of 72 months and 73 months, as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The interest rates on notes
receivable range from 6.8% to 14.5% and from 6.5% to 12.4%, as of December 31,
2007 and 2006, respectively. Investments in direct financing leases
and notes, net of unearned income, were as follows (in thousands):
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
Direct
financing leases, net of unearned
income
|
$ | 28,880 | $ | 30,270 | ||||
Notes
receivable
|
66,150 | 58,700 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 95,030 | (1) | $ | 88,970 |
(1)
|
Includes
$293,000 provision for lease
losses.
|
The components of the net investment in
direct financing leases are as follows (in thousands):
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
Total
future minimum lease
payments
|
$ | 34,009 | $ | 36,008 | ||||
Unguaranteed
residual
|
21 | − | ||||||
Unearned
income
|
(5,150 | ) | (5,738 | ) | ||||
Total
|
$ | 28,880 | $ | 30,270 |
The
future minimum lease payments expected to be received on non-cancelable direct
financing leases and notes were as follows (in thousands):
Years
Ending
December
31,
|
Direct
Financing
Leases
|
Notes
|
Total
|
|||||||||
2008
|
$ | 10,820 | $ | 12,687 | $ | 23,507 | ||||||
2009
|
8,486 | 12,171 | 20,657 | |||||||||
2010
|
7,775 | 11,412 | 19,187 | |||||||||
2011
|
3,962 | 9,661 | 13,623 | |||||||||
2012
|
2,188 | 8,883 | 11,071 | |||||||||
Thereafter
|
778 | 11,336 | 12,114 | |||||||||
$ | 34,009 | $ | 66,150 | $ | 100,159 |
At December 31, 2007, the Company had
three leases that were sufficiently delinquent with respect to scheduled
payments of interest to require a provision for lease losses. As a
result, the Company had recorded an allowance for lease losses of $293,000 for
the year ended December 31, 2007. At December 31, 2006, all of the
Company’s leases were current with respect to the scheduled payments of
principal and interest.
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS
The Company has financed the
acquisition of its investments, including securities available-for-sale, loans
and equipment leases and notes, primarily through the use of secured and
unsecured borrowings in the form of CDOs, repurchase agreements, a secured term
facility, warehouse facilities, trust preferred securities issuances and other
secured and unsecured borrowings.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS – (Continued)
Certain information with respect to the
Company’s borrowings at December 31, 2007 and 2006 is summarized in the
following table (dollars in thousands):
Outstanding
Borrowings
|
Weighted
Average Borrowing Rate
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Maturity
|
Value
of Collateral
|
||||||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (1)
|
$ | 116,423 |
6.33%
|
18.5
days
|
$ | 190,914 | |||||||
RREF
CDO 2006-1 Senior Notes (2)
|
260,510 |
5.69%
|
38.6
years
|
282,849 | |||||||||
RREF
CDO 2007-1 Senior Notes (3)
|
345,986 |
5.49%
|
38.8
years
|
444,715 | |||||||||
Apidos
CDO I Senior Notes (4)
|
317,882 |
5.47%
|
9.6
years
|
309,495 | |||||||||
Apidos
CDO III Senior Notes (5)
|
259,178 |
5.59%
|
12.5
years
|
253,427 | |||||||||
Apidos
Cinco CDO Senior Notes (6)
|
317,703 |
5.38%
|
12.4
years
|
311,813 | |||||||||
Secured
Term
Facility
|
91,739 |
6.82%
|
2.3
years
|
95,030 | |||||||||
Unsecured
Junior Subordinated Debentures (7)
|
51,548 |
8.86%
|
28.7 years
|
− | |||||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,760,969 |
5.73%
|
20.1 years
|
$ | 1,888,243 | |||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
|||||||||||||
Repurchase
Agreements (1)
|
$ | 120,457 |
6.18%
|
16
days
|
$ | 149,439 | |||||||
RREF
CDO 2006-1 Senior Notes (2)
|
259,902 |
6.17%
|
39.6
years
|
334,682 | |||||||||
Apidos
CDO I Senior Notes (4)
|
317,353 |
5.83%
|
10.6
years
|
339,858 | |||||||||
Apidos
CDO III Senior Notes (5)
|
258,761 |
5.81%
|
13.5
years
|
273,932 | |||||||||
Ischus
CDO II Senior Notes (8)
|
371,159 |
5.83%
|
33.6
years
|
390,942 | |||||||||
Secured
Term
Facility
|
84,673 |
6.33%
|
3.25
years
|
88,970 | |||||||||
Unsecured
Junior Subordinated Debentures (7)
|
51,548 |
9.32%
|
29.7 years
|
− | |||||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,463,853 |
6.07%
|
21.5 years
|
$ | 1,577,823 |
(1)
|
For
December 31, 2007, collateral consists of available-for-sale securities
with a fair value of $34.2 million and loans of $156.7
million. For December 31, 2006, collateral consists of
available-for-sale securities with a fair value of $30.1 million and loans
of $119.4 million.
|
(2)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $265.5 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $5.0 and $5.6 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. This CDO transaction closed in August
2006.
|
(3)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $352.7 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $6.7 million as of December 31, 2007. This
CDO transaction closed in June
2007.
|
(4)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $321.5 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $3.6 million and $4.1 million as of December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively.
|
(5)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $262.5 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $3.3 million and $3.7 million as of December 31,
2006.
|
(6)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $322.0 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $4.3 million as of December 31, 2007. This
CDO transaction closed in May 2007.
|
(7)
|
Amount
represents junior subordinated debentures issued to Resource Capital Trust
I and RCC Trust II in May 2006 and September 2006,
respectively.
|
(8)
|
Amount
represents principal outstanding of $376.0 million less unamortized
issuance costs of $4.8 million as of December 31,
2006.
|
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
The Company had repurchase agreements
with the following counterparties at the dates indicated (dollars in
thousands):
Amount
at
Risk
(1)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity in Days
|
Weighted
Average Interest Rate
|
||||||||||
December 31,
2007:
|
||||||||||||
Natixis
Real Estate Capital
Inc.
|
$ | 58,155 |
18
|
6.42%
|
||||||||
Credit
Suisse Securities (USA)
LLC
|
$ | 15,626 |
25
|
5.91%
|
||||||||
J.P.
Morgan Securities,
Inc.
|
$ | 886 |
9
|
5.63%
|
||||||||
Bear,
Stearns International
Limited
|
$ | 1,170 |
15
|
6.22%
|
||||||||
December 31,
2006:
|
||||||||||||
Credit
Suisse Securities (USA)
LLC
|
$ | 863 |
11
|
5.40%
|
||||||||
Bear,
Stearns International
Limited
|
$ | 15,538 |
17
|
6.43%
|
||||||||
Column
Financial Inc, a subsidiary of
Credit Suisse Securities (USA)
LLC.
|
$ | 13,262 |
18
|
6.42%
|
(1)
|
Equal
to the estimated fair value of securities or loans sold, plus accrued
interest income, minus the sum of repurchase agreement liabilities plus
accrued interest expense.
|
Repurchase
and Credit Facilities
In April
2007, the Company’s indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, RCC Real Estate SPE 3,
LLC, entered into a master repurchase agreement with Natixis Real Estate
Capital, Inc. to be used as a warehouse facility to finance the purchase of
commercial real estate loans and commercial mortgage-backed
securities. The maximum amount of the Company’s borrowing under the
repurchase agreement is $150.0 million. The financing provided by the
agreement matures April 18, 2010 subject to a one-year extension at the option
of RCC Real Estate SPE 3 and subject further to the right of RCC Real Estate SPE
3 to repurchase the assets held in the facility earlier. The Company
paid a facility fee of 0.75% of the maximum facility amount, or $1.2 million, at
closing. In addition, once the borrowings exceed a weighted average
undrawn balance of $75.0 million for the prior 90 day period, the Company will
be required to pay a Non-Usage Fee on the unused portion equal to the product of
(i) 0.15% per annum multiplied by, (ii) the weighted average undrawn balance
during the prior 90 day period. Each repurchase transaction specifies
its own terms, such as identification of the assets subject to the transaction,
sale price, repurchase price, rate and term. These are one-month
contracts. The repurchase agreement is with recourse only to the
assets financed, subject to standardized exceptions relating to breaches of
representations, fraud and similar matters. The Company has
guaranteed RCC Real Estate SPE 3, LLC’s performance of its obligations under the
repurchase agreement. At December 31, 2007, RCC Real Estate SPE 3 had
borrowed $96.7 million, all of which the Company had guaranteed. At
December 31, 2007, borrowings under the repurchase agreement were secured by
commercial real estate loans with an estimated fair value of $154.2 million and
had a weighted average interest rate of one-month LIBOR plus 1.39%, which was
6.42% at December 31, 2007.
In March
2006, the Company entered into a secured term credit facility with Bayerische
Hypo – und Vereinsbank AG to finance the purchase of equipment leases and
notes. The maximum amount of the Company’s borrowing under this
facility is $100.0 million. Borrowings under this facility bear
interest at one of two rates, determined by asset class.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
Repurchase
and Credit Facilities − (continued)
The Company received a waiver for the
period ended December 31, 2007 from Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG with
respect to its non-compliance with the tangible net worth
covenant. Under the covenant, Resource America is required to
maintain a consolidated net worth (stockholder’s equity) of at least $175.0
million plus 90% of the net proceeds of any capital transactions, minus all
amounts (not to exceed $50,000,000) paid by Resource America to repurchase any
outstanding shares of common or preferred stock of the Company, measured by each
quarter end, as further described in the agreement.
The Company paid $300,000 in commitment
fees during the year ended December 31, 2006. Commitment fees are
being amortized into interest expense using the effective yield method over the
life of the facility in the consolidated statements of income. The
Company paid $61,000 and $34,000 in unused line fees as of December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively. Unused line fees are expensed immediately into
interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. As of
December 31, 2007, the Company had borrowed $91.7 million at a weighted average
interest rate of 6.82%. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had
borrowed $84.7 million at a weighted average interest rate of
6.33%. The facility expires March 2010.
In
December 2005, the Company entered into a $15.0 million unsecured revolving
credit facility with Commerce Bank, N.A. This facility was increased
to $25.0 million in April 2006. Outstanding borrowings bear interest
at one of two rates elected at the Company’s option; (i) the lender’s prime rate
plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% based upon the Company’s leverage
ratio; or (ii) LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% based upon the
Company’s leverage ratio. The facility expires in December
2008. The Company paid $37,000 in unused line fees as of December 31,
2007. The Company paid $250,000 and $19,000 in commitment fees and
unused line fees as of December 31, 2006. Commitment fees are being
amortized into interest expense using the effective yield method over the life
of the facility in the consolidated statements of income. Unused line
fees are expensed immediately into interest expense in the consolidated
statements of income. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, no borrowings
were outstanding under this facility.
The Company received a waiver for the
period ended December 31, 2007 from Commerce Bank, N.A. with respect to its
non-compliance with the revolving credit facility’s consolidated tangible net
worth covenant. The waiver was required due to the Company’s
unrealized losses on its derivatives and CMBS-private placement securities at
December 31, 2007. Under the covenant, the Company is required to
maintain a consolidated net worth (stockholder’s equity) of at least $195.0
million plus 90% of the net proceeds of any capital transactions, measured at
each quarter end, as further described in the agreement.
In August 2005, the Company’s
subsidiary, RCC Real Estate, entered into a master repurchase agreement with
Bear, Stearns International Limited (“Bear Stearns”) to finance the purchase of
commercial real estate loans. The maximum amount of the Company’s
borrowing under the repurchase agreement is $150.0 million. Each
repurchase transaction specifies its own terms, such as identification of the
assets subject to the transaction, sales price, repurchase price, rate and
term. These are one-month contracts. The Company has
guaranteed RCC Real Estate’s obligations under the repurchase agreement to a
maximum of $150.0 million. At December 31, 2007, the Company had
borrowed $1.9 million, all of which was guaranteed, with a weighted average
interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.25%, which was 6.22% at December 31,
2007. At December 31, 2006, the Company had borrowed $36.7 million,
all of which was guaranteed, with a weighted average interest rate of LIBOR plus
1.08%, which was 6.43% at December 31, 2006.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
Repurchase
and Credit Facilities - (continued)
In March 2005, the Company entered into
a master repurchase agreement with Credit Suisse to finance the purchase of
agency ABS-RMBS securities. In December 2006, the Company began using
this facility to finance the purchase of CMBS-private placement and other
securities. Each repurchase transaction specifies its own terms, such
as identification of the assets subject to the transaction, sales price,
repurchase price, rate and term. These are one-month
contracts. At December 31, 2007, the Company had borrowed $14.6
million with a weighted average interest rate of 5.91%. At December
31, 2006, the Company had borrowed $29.3 million with a weighted average
interest rate of 5.40%.
In March 2005, the Company entered into
a master repurchase agreement with J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc. to finance the
purchase of agency ABS-RMBS securities. In August 2007, the Company
began using this facility to finance the purchase of CMBS-private placement
securities. Each repurchase transaction specifies its own terms, such
as identification of the assets subject to the transaction, sales price,
repurchase price, rate and term. These are one-month
contracts. At December 31, 2007, the Company had borrowed $3.2
million with a weighted average interest rate of 5.63%. At December
31, 2006, no borrowings were outstanding under this facility.
Collateralized
Debt Obligations
Resource
Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1
In June 2007, the Company closed RREF
2007-1, a $500.0 million CDO transaction that provides financing for commercial
real estate loans and commercial mortgage-backed securities. The
investments held by RREF 2007-1 collateralize the debt it issued and, as a
result, the investments are not available to the Company, its creditors or
stockholders. RREF 2007-1 issued a total of $390.0 million of senior
notes at par to unrelated investors. RCC Real Estate purchased 100%
of the class H senior notes (rated BBB+:Fitch), class K senior notes
(rated BBB-:Fitch), class L senior notes (rated BB:Fitch) and class M senior
notes (rated B: Fitch) for $68.0 million. In addition, Resource Real
Estate Funding 2007-1 CDO Investor, LLC, a subsidiary of RCC Real Estate,
purchased a $41.3 million equity interest representing 100% of the outstanding
preference shares. The senior notes purchased by RCC Real Estate are
subordinated in right of payment to all other senior notes issued by RREF 2007-1
but are senior in right of payment to the preference shares. The
equity interest is subordinated in right of payment to all other securities
issued by RREF 2007-1.
The senior notes issued to investors by
RREF 2007-1 consist of the following classes: (i) $180.0 million of class A-1
notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.28%; (ii) $50.0 million of
unissued class A-1R notes, which allow the CDO to fund future funding
obligations under the existing whole loan participations that have future
funding commitments; the undrawn balance of the class A-1R notes will accrue a
commitment fee at a rate per annum equal to 0.18%, the drawn balance will bear
interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.32%; (iii) $57.5 million of class A-2 notes
bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.46%; (iv) $22.5 million of class B
notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.80%; (v) $7.0 million of class
C notes bearing interest at a fixed rate of 6.423%; (vi) $26.8 million of class
D notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.95%; (vii) $11.9 million of
class E notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 1.15%; (viii) $11.9
million of class F notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 1.30%; (ix)
$11.3 million of class G notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 1.55%;
(x) $11.3 million of class H notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus
2.30%; (xi) $11.3 million of class J notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR
plus 2.95%; (xii) $10.0 million of class K notes bearing interest at one-month
LIBOR plus 3.25%; (xiii) $18.8 million of class L notes bearing interest at a
fixed rate of 7.50% and (xiv) $28.8 million of class M notes bearing interest at
a fixed rate of 8.50%. As a result of the Company’s ownership of the
Class H, K, L and M senior notes, these notes eliminate in
consolidation. All of the notes issued mature in September 2046,
although the Company has the right to call the notes anytime after July 2017
until maturity. The weighted average interest rate on all notes
issued to outside investors was 5.49% at December 31, 2007.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
Collateralized
Debt Obligations − (Continued)
Apidos
Cinco CDO
In May 2007, the Company closed Apidos
Cinco CDO, a $350.0 million CDO transaction that provides financing for bank
loans. The investments held by Apidos Cinco CDO collateralize the
debt it issued and, as a result, the investments are not available to the
Company, its creditors or stockholders. Apidos Cinco CDO issued a
total of $322.0 million of senior notes at par to investors and RCC commercial
purchased a $28.0 million equity interest representing 100% of the outstanding
preference shares. The equity interest is subordinated in right of
payment to all other securities issued by Apidos Cinco CDO.
The senior notes issued to investors by
Apidos Cinco CDO consist of the following classes: (i) $37.5 million of class
A-1 notes bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.24%; (ii) $200.0 million of class
A-2a notes bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.23%; (iii) $22.5 million of class
A-2b notes bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.32%; (iv) $19.0 million of class A-3
notes bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.42%; (v) $18.0 million of class B notes
bearing interest at LIBOR plus 0.80%; (vi) $14.0 million of class C notes
bearing interest at LIBOR plus 2.25% and (vii) $11.0 million of class D notes
bearing interest at LIBOR plus 4.25%. All of the notes issued mature on May 14,
2020, although the Company has the right to call the notes anytime after May 14,
2011 until maturity. The weighted average interest rate on all notes
was 5.38% at December 31, 2007.
Resource
Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1
In August 2006, the Company closed RREF
2006-1, a $345.0 million CDO transaction that provides financing for commercial
real estate loans. The investments held by RREF 2006-1 collateralize
the debt it issued and, as a result, the investments are not available to the
Company, its creditors or stockholders. RREF 2006-1 issued a total of
$308.7 million of senior notes at par to investors of which RCC Real Estate
purchased 100% of the class J senior notes (rated BB: Fitch) and class K senior
notes (rated B:Fitch) for $43.1 million. In addition, Resource Real
Estate Funding 2006-1 CDO Investor, LLC, a subsidiary of RCC Real Estate,
purchased a $36.3 million equity interest representing 100% of the outstanding
preference shares. The senior notes purchased by RCC Real Estate are
subordinated in right of payment to all other senior notes issued by RREF 2006-1
but are senior in right of payment to the preference shares. The
equity interest is subordinated in right of payment to all other securities
issued by RREF 2006-1.
The senior notes issued to investors by
RREF 2006-1 consist of the following classes: (i) $129.4 million of
class A-1 notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.32%; (ii) $17.4
million of class A-2 notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.35%; (iii)
$5.0 million of class A-2 notes bearing interest at a fixed rate of 5.842%; (iv)
$6.9 million of class B notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus 0.40%;
(v) $20.7 million of class C notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR plus
0.62%; (vi) $15.5 million of class D notes bearing interest at one-month LIBOR
plus 0.80%; (vii) $20.7 million of class E notes bearing interest at one-month
LIBOR plus 1.30%; (viii) $19.8 million of class F notes bearing interest at
one-month LIBOR plus 1.60%; (ix) $17.3 million of class G notes bearing interest
at one-month LIBOR plus 1.90%; (x) $12.9 million of class H notes bearing
interest at one-month LIBOR plus 3.75%, (xi) $14.7 million of Class J notes
bearing interest at a fixed rate of 6.00% and (xii) $28.4 million of Class K
notes bearing interest at a fixed rate of 6.00%. As a result of the
Company’s ownership of the Class J and K senior notes, these notes eliminate in
consolidation. All of the notes issued mature in August 2046,
although the Company has the right to call the notes anytime after August 2016
until maturity. The weighted average interest rate on all notes
issued to outside investors was 5.69% at December 31, 2007.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
Collateralized
Debt Obligations − (Continued)
Apidos
CDO III
In May
2006, the Company closed Apidos CDO III, a $285.5 million CDO transaction that
provides financing for bank loans. The investments held by Apidos CDO
III collateralize the debt it issued and, as a result, the investments are not
available to the Company, its creditors or stockholders. Apidos CDO
III issued a total of $262.5 million of senior notes at par to investors and RCC
Commercial purchased a $23.0 million equity interest representing 100% of the
outstanding preference shares. The equity interest is subordinated in
right of payment to all other securities issued by Apidos CDO III.
The
senior notes issued to investors by Apidos CDO III consist of the following
classes: (i) $212.0 million of class A-1 notes bearing interest at
3-month LIBOR plus 0.26%; (ii) $19.0 million of class A-2 notes bearing interest
at 3-month LIBOR plus 0.45%; (iii) $15.0 million of class B notes bearing
interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 0.75%; (iv) $10.5 million of class C notes
bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 1.75%; and (v) $6.0 million of class D
notes bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 4.25%. All of the notes
issued mature on June 12, 2020, although the Company has the right to call the
notes anytime after June 12, 2011 until maturity. The weighted
average interest rate on all notes was 5.59% at December 31, 2007.
Apidos
CDO I
In August 2005, the Company closed
Apidos CDO I, a $350.0 million CDO transaction that provides financing for bank
loans. The investments held by Apidos CDO I collateralize the debt it
issued and, as a result, the investments are not available to the Company, its
creditors or stockholders. Apidos CDO I issued a total of $321.5
million of senior notes at par to investors and RCC Commercial purchased a $28.5
million equity interest representing 100% of the outstanding preference
shares. The equity interest is subordinated in right of payment to
all other securities issued by Apidos CDO I.
The senior notes issued to investors by
Apidos CDO I consist of the following classes: (i) $265.0 million of
class A-1 notes bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 0.26%; (ii) $15.0 million
of class A-2 notes bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 0.42%; (iii) $20.5
million of class B notes bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 0.75%; (iv)
$13.0 million of class C notes bearing interest at 3-month LIBOR plus 1.85%; and
(v) $8.0 million of class D notes bearing interest at a fixed rate of
9.251%. All of the notes issued mature on July 27, 2017, although the
Company has the right to call the notes anytime after July 27, 2010 until
maturity. The weighted average interest rate on all notes was 5.47%
at December 31, 2007.
Trust
Preferred Securities
In May 2006 and September 2006, the
Company formed RCT I and RCT II, respectively, for the sole purpose of issuing
and selling capital securities representing preferred beneficial
interests. Although the Company owns 100% of the common securities of
RCT I and RCT II, RCT I and RCT II are not consolidated into the Company’s
consolidated financial statements because the Company is not deemed to be the
primary beneficiary of these entities in accordance with FIN 46-R. In
connection with the issuance and sale of the capital securities, the Company
issued junior subordinated debentures to RCT I and RCT II of $25.8 million each,
representing the Company’s maximum exposure to loss. The debt
issuance costs associated with the junior subordinated debentures for RCT I and
RCT II at December 31, 2007 were $759,000 and $767,000,
respectively. These costs which are included in other assets are
being amortized into interest expense using the effective yield method over a
ten year period and are recorded in the consolidated statements of
income.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
8 – BORROWINGS − (Continued)
Trust
Preferred Securities − (Continued)
The rights of holders of common
securities of RCT I and RCT II are subordinate to the rights of the holders of
capital securities only in the event of a default; otherwise, the common
securities economic and voting rights are pari passu with the capital
securities. The capital and common securities of RCT I and RCT II are
subject to mandatory redemption upon the maturity or call of the junior
subordinated debentures held by each. Unless earlier dissolved, RCT I
will dissolve on May 25, 2041 and RCT II will dissolve on September 29,
2041. The junior subordinated debentures are the sole assets of RCT I
and RCT II and mature on June 30, 2036 and October 30, 2036, respectively, and
may be called at par by the Company any time after June 30, 2011 and October 30,
2011, respectively. Interest is payable for RCT I and RCT II
quarterly at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus 3.95% per
annum. The rates for RCT I and RCT II, at December 31, 2007, were
8.78% and 8.93%, respectively. The Company records its investments in
RCT I and RCT II’s common securities of $774,000 each as investments in
unconsolidated trusts and records dividend income upon declaration by RCT I and
RCT II.
NOTE
9 – CAPITAL STOCK
On January 8, 2007, pursuant to a
partial exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option related to
the December 19, 2006 public offering, the Company sold 650,000 shares of common
stock at a price of $16.50 per share. The Company received net
proceeds of $10.1 million after payment of underwriting discounts and
commissions of approximately $590,000. In addition, during the year
ended December 31, 2007, 375,547 warrants were exercised for proceeds of $5.6
million.
The Company repurchased shares as part
of the share repurchase program authorized by the board of directors on July 26,
2007 to buy back up to 2.5 million outstanding shares. As of December
31, 2007, the Company had repurchased 263,000 shares at a weighted average
price, including commissions, of $10.54.
NOTE
10 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
The following table summarizes
restricted common stock transactions:
Manager
|
Non-Employee
Directors
|
Non-Employees
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||
Unvested
shares as of December 31, 2006
|
230,000 | 4,224 | − | 234,224 | ||||||||||||
Issued
|
− | 4,404 | 474,541 | 478,945 | ||||||||||||
Vested
|
(115,000 | ) | (4,224 | ) | (5,555 | ) | (124,779 | ) | ||||||||
Forfeited
|
(1,668 | ) | − | (5,229 | ) | (6,897 | ) | |||||||||
Unvested
shares as of December 31, 2007
|
113,332 | 4,404 | 463,757 | 581,493 |
Pursuant to SFAS 123(R), the Company is
required to value any unvested shares of restricted common stock granted to the
Manager and non-employees at the current market price. The estimated
fair value of the unvested shares of restricted stock granted, including shares
issued to the four non-employee directors, was $6.7 million and $60,000 at
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
On March 8, 2005, the Company granted
345,000 shares of restricted common stock and options to purchase 651,666 common
shares at an exercise price of $15.00 per share, to the Manager. One
third of the shares of restricted stock and options vested on each of March 8,
2006 and March 8, 2007. On March 8, 2005 and March 8, 2006, the
Company also granted 4,000 and 4,224 shares of restricted common stock,
respectively, to the Company’s non-employee directors as part of their annual
compensation. These shares vested in full on March 8, 2006 and March
8, 2007, respectively.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
10 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION − (Continued)
In
connection with the July 2006 hiring of a commercial mortgage direct loan
origination team by Resource Real Estate, Inc. (“Resource Real Estate”), a
subsidiary of Resource America (see Related Party Transactions – Note 11), the
Company agreed to issue up to 100,000 shares of common stock and options to
purchase an additional 100,000 shares of common stock if certain loan
origination performance thresholds are achieved by this origination team for the
Company’s account. The performance thresholds are two-tiered.
Upon the achievement of $400.0 million of direct loan originations of commercial
real estate loans, 60,000 restricted shares of common stock and options to
purchase an additional 60,000 shares of common stock are issuable. Upon
the achievement of another $300.0 million of direct loan originations of
commercial real estate loans, a second tranche of 40,000 restricted shares of
common stock and options to purchase another 40,000 shares of common stock
are issuable. The restricted shares
and options to purchase shares of common stock vest over a two-year period after
issuance. The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to
non-employees for goods or services in accordance with the provisions of SFAS
123(R) and EITF 96-18. Accordingly, when the origination team, none
of whom is an employee of the Company, completes its performance or when a
performance commitment is reached, the Company is required to measure the fair
value of the equity instruments. On June 27, 2007, 60,000 shares of
restricted common stock and 60,000 options to purchase additional shares were
issued as a result of the achievement of $400.0 million of direct loan
originations of commercial real estate loans. The restricted shares
vest 50% on June 27, 2008 and 50% on June 27, 2009. The options vest
33.3% per year beginning on June 27, 2008.
On
January 5, 2007, the Company issued 184,541 shares of restricted common stock
under its 2005 Stock Incentive Plan. These restricted shares vest
33.3% on January 5, 2008. The balance will vest quarterly thereafter
through January 5, 2010.
On February 1, 2007 and March 8, 2007,
the Company granted 816 and 3,588 shares of restricted stock, respectively, to
the Company’s non-employee directors as part of their annual
compensation. These shares will vest in full on the first anniversary
of the date of grant.
On October 1, 2007, the Company issued
240,000 shares of restricted common stock under its 2007 Omnibus Equity
Compensation Plan in two equal grants, a time based grant and a performance
based grant. The time-based restricted share grant vests 15% on June 30,
2008, 15% on June 30, 2009 and 70% on December 31, 2010. The
performance-based restricted share grant will be earned one-third per year based
on the satisfaction of certain performance criteria, as defined on a specified
measurement date over a three year period. These shares will vest 12.5%
each quarter following the measurement dates.
On October 30, 2007, the Company issued
50,000 shares of restricted common stock under its 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan. These restricted shares vested one ninth on December 31, 2007.
The balance will vest quarterly thereafter through December 31,
2009.
On December 26, 2007, the Company
issued 120,000 shares of restricted common stock under its 2007 Omnibus Equity
Compensation Plan in two equal grants, a time based grant and a performance
based grant. The time-based restricted share grant vests 15% on June 30,
2008, 15% on June 30, 2009 and 70% on December 31, 2010. The
performance-based restricted share grant will be earned one-third per year based
on the satisfaction of certain performance criteria, as defined on a specified
measurement date over a three year period. These shares will vest 12.5%
each quarter following the measurement dates.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
10 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION − (Continued)
The following table summarizes common
stock option transactions:
Number
of Options
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding
as of January 1, 2007
|
651,666 | $ | 15.00 | |||||||||||||
Granted
|
65,000 | 14.88 | ||||||||||||||
Exercised
|
− | − | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited
|
(76,500 | ) | 15.00 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding
as of December 31, 2007
|
640,166 | $ | 14.99 | 7 | $ | 161 | ||||||||||
Exercisable
at December 31, 2007
|
192,444 | $ | 15.00 | 7 | $ | 48 |
The common stock options have a
remaining contractual term of seven years. Upon exercise of options,
new shares are issued.
The following table summarizes the
status of the Company’s unvested stock options as of December 31,
2007:
Unvested
Options
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average Grant Date
Fair
Value
|
||||||
Unvested
at January 1,
2007
|
434,444 | $ | 15.00 | |||||
Granted
|
65,000 | $ | 14.88 | |||||
Vested
|
(217,222 | ) | $ | 15.00 | ||||
Forfeited
|
(76,500 | ) | $ | 15.00 | ||||
Unvested
at December 31,
2007
|
205,722 | $ | 14.97 |
The weighted average period the Company
expects to recognize the remaining expense on the unvested options is less than
one year.
The
following table summarizes the status of the Company’s vested stock options as
of December 31, 2007:
Vested Options
|
Number
of Options
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
|
|||||||
Vested
as of January 1, 2007
|
217,222 | $ | 15.00 | ||||||||
Vested
|
217,222 | 15.00 | |||||||||
Exercised
|
− | − | |||||||||
Forfeited
|
(76,500 | ) | 15.00 | ||||||||
Vested
as of December 31, 2007
|
357,944 | $ | 15.00 |
7
|
$ 301
|
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
10 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION − (Continued)
The common stock option transactions
are valued using the Black-Scholes model using the following
assumptions:
As
of
December
31, 2007
|
As
of
December
31, 2006
|
As
of
December
31, 2005
|
||||||||||
Expected
life
|
7
years
|
8
years
|
10
years
|
|||||||||
Discount
rate
|
3.97%
|
4.78%
|
4.61%
|
|||||||||
Volatility
|
42.84%
|
20.91%
|
20.11%
|
|||||||||
Dividend
yield
|
17.62%
|
9.73%
|
12.00%
|
The fair value of each common stock
transaction for the year ended December 31, 2007 and for the year ended December
31, 2006, respectively, was $0.251 and $1.061. For the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, the components of equity compensation expense were
as follows (in thousands):
December
31,
2007
|
December
31,
2006
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to
December
31,
2005
|
||||||||||
Options
granted to Manager
|
$ | (91 | ) | $ | 371 | $ | 79 | |||||
Restricted
shares granted to Manager
|
1,582 | 2,001 | 2,581 | |||||||||
Restricted
shares granted to non-employee
|
74 | 60 | 49 | |||||||||
Total
equity compensation expense
|
$ | 1,565 | $ | 2,432 | $ | 2,709 |
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Manager received 47,503 and 14,076 shares as incentive compensation valued at $723,000 and $194,000, respectively pursuant to the management agreement. The incentive management fee is paid one quarter in arrears.
Apart from incentive compensation
payable under the management agreement, the Company has established no formal
criteria for equity awards as of December 31, 2007. All awards are
discretionary in nature and subject to approval by the compensation
committee.
NOTE
11 –EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table presents a
reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented
as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
December
31,
|
Period
from March 8, 2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Basic:
|
||||||||||||
Net income
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding
|
24,610,468 | 17,538,273 | 15,333,334 | |||||||||
Basic net income per
share
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.89 | $ | 0.71 | ||||||
Diluted:
|
||||||||||||
Net income
|
$ | 8,890 | $ | 15,606 | $ | 10,908 | ||||||
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding
|
24,610,468 | 17,538,273 | 15,333,334 | |||||||||
Additional shares due to assumed
conversion of dilutive
instruments
|
249,716 | 343,082 | 72,380 | |||||||||
Adjusted weighted-average number
of common shares
outstanding
|
24,860,184 | 17,881,355 | 15,405,714 | |||||||||
Diluted net income per
share
|
$ | 0.36 | $ | 0.87 | $ | 0.71 |
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
12 – THE MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
On March 8, 2005, the Company entered
into a Management Agreement pursuant to which the Manager provides the Company
investment management, administrative and related services. The
Manager receives fees and is reimbursed for its expenses as
follows:-
|
·
|
A
monthly base management fee equal to 1/12th of the amount of the Company’s
equity multiplied by 1.50%. Under the Management Agreement,
‘‘equity’’ is equal to the net proceeds from any issuance of shares of
common stock less other offering related costs plus or minus the Company’s
retained earnings (excluding non-cash equity compensation incurred in
current or prior periods) less any amounts the Company paid for common
stock repurchases. The calculation may be adjusted for one-time
events due to changes in GAAP as well as other non-cash charges, upon
approval of the independent directors of the
Company.
|
|
·
|
Incentive
compensation calculated as follows: (i) 25% of the dollar amount by which,
(A) the Company’s net income (determined in accordance with GAAP) per
common share (before non-cash equity compensation expense and incentive
compensation) for a quarter (based on the weighted average number of
shares outstanding) exceeds, (B) an amount equal to (1) the weighted
average share price of shares of common stock in the offerings of the
Company, multiplied by, (2) the greater of (A) 2.00% or (B) 0.50% plus
one-fourth of the Ten Year Treasury rate as defined in the Management
Agreement for such quarter, multiplied by, (ii) the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding for the quarter. The
calculation may be adjusted for one-time events due to changes in GAAP as
well as other non-cash charges upon approval of the independent directors
of the Company.
|
|
·
|
Reimbursement
of out-of-pocket expenses and certain other costs incurred by the Manager
that relate directly to the Company and its
operations.
|
Incentive compensation is paid
quarterly. Up to 75% of the incentive compensation is paid in cash
and at least 25% is paid in the form of an award of common stock. The
Manager may elect to receive more than 25% of its incentive compensation in
common stock. All shares are fully vested upon
issuance. However, the Manager may not sell such shares for one year
after the incentive compensation becomes due and payable. Shares
payable as incentive compensation are valued as follows:
|
·
|
if
such shares are traded on a securities exchange, at the average of the
closing prices of the shares on such exchange over the thirty day period
ending three days prior to the issuance of such
shares;
|
|
·
|
if
such shares are actively traded over-the-counter, at the average of the
closing bid or sales price as applicable over the thirty day period ending
three days prior to the issuance of such shares;
and
|
|
·
|
if
there is no active market for such shares, the value shall be the fair
market value thereof, as reasonably determined in good faith by the board
of directors of the Company.
|
The initial term of the Management
Agreement ends March 31, 2008. The Management Agreement automatically renews for
a one year term at the end of the initial term and each renewal term. With a
two-thirds vote of the independent directors, the independent directors may
elect to terminate the Management Agreement because of the
following:
|
·
|
unsatisfactory
performance; and/or
|
|
·
|
unfair
compensation payable to the Manager where fair compensation cannot be
agreed upon by the Company (pursuant to a vote of two-thirds of the
independent directors) and the
Manager.
|
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
12 – THE MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT − (Continued)
In the event that the Agreement is
terminated based on the provisions disclosed above, the Company must pay the
Manager a termination fee equal to four times the sum of the average annual base
management fee and the average annual incentive during the two 12-month periods
immediately preceding the date of such termination. The Company is
also entitled to terminate the Management Agreement for cause (as defined
therein) without payment of any termination fee.
The base management fee for the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $5.1 million and $3.7 million,
respectively. The base management fee for the period ended December
31, 2005 was $2.7 million. The manager earned an incentive management
fee of $1.5 million of which $924,000 was paid in cash and $551,000 was paid in
stock (37,543 shares) for the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31,
2007. The manager earned an incentive management fee of $1.1 million
of which $840,000 was paid in cash and $280,000 was paid in stock (18,298
shares) for the period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006, The
manager earned an incentive management fee of $344,000 of which $258,000 was
paid in cash and $86,000 was paid in stock (5,738 shares) for the period from
March 8, 2005 to December 31, 2005.
At December 31, 2007, the Company was
indebted to the Manager for base management fees of $802,000 and for expense
reimbursements of $65,000. At December 31, 2006, the Company was
indebted to the Manager for base and incentive management fees of $711,000 and
$683,000, respectively, and for expense reimbursements of
$87,000. These amounts are included in management and incentive fee
payable and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, respectively.
NOTE
13 – RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Relationship
with Resource Real Estate
Resource Real Estate, a subsidiary of
Resource America, originates, finances and manages the Company’s commercial real
estate loan portfolio, including whole loans, A notes, B notes and mezzanine
loans. The Company reimburses Resource Real Estate for loan
origination costs associated with all loans originated. At December
31, 2007 and 2006, the Company was indebted to Resource Real Estate for loan
origination costs in connection with the Company’s commercial real estate loan
portfolio of $197,000 and $700,000, respectively. At December 31,
2007, Resource Real Estate was indebted to the Company for deposits held in
trust in connection with the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio of
approximately $90,000. There were no such receivables at December 31,
2006.
Relationship
with LEAF Financial Corporation (“LEAF”)
LEAF, a majority-owned subsidiary of
Resource America, originates and manages equipment leases and notes on the
Company’s behalf. The Company purchases its equipment leases and
notes from LEAF at a price equal to their book value plus a reimbursable
origination cost not to exceed 1% to compensate LEAF for its origination
costs. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company acquired $38.7
million and $106.7 million, respectively, of equipment lease and note
investments from LEAF, including $387,000 and $1.1 million of origination cost
reimbursements, respectively. In addition, the Company pays LEAF an
annual servicing fee, equal to 1% of the book value of managed assets, for
servicing the Company’s equipment leases and notes. At December 31,
2007 and 2006, the Company was indebted to LEAF for servicing fees in connection
with the Company’s equipment finance portfolio of $133,000 and $229,000,
respectively. The LEAF servicing fees for the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006 were $810,000 and $659,000, respectively. The LEAF
servicing fee for the year ended December 31, 2005 was $64,000.
During years ended December 31, 2007
and 2006, the Company sold nine and four equipment notes, respectively, back to
LEAF at a price equal to their book value. The total proceeds
received on the outstanding notes receivable were $5.1 million and $17.3 million
for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
13 – RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS − (Continued)
Relationship
with Resource America
At December 31, 2007, Resource America,
owned 1,962,193 shares, or 7.8% of the Company’s outstanding common
stock. In addition, Resource America has 100,088 unexercised warrants
and 2,166 options to purchase restricted stock.
The
Company entered into a management agreement under which the Manager receives
substantial fees. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the
Manager earned base management fees of approximately $5.1 million and $3.7
million, respectively, and incentive compensation fees of $1.5 million and $1.1
million, respectively. For the period from March 8, 2005, the
date the Company commenced operations, through December 31, 2005, the
Manager earned base management fees of approximately $2.7 million and incentive
compensation fees of $344,000. The Company may also reimburse the
Manager and Resource America for financial services expense, rent and other
expenses incurred in performance under the management agreement. For
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company reimbursed the Manager
$507,000 and $954,000, respectively, for such expenses. For the
period from March 8, 2005, the date the Company commenced operations, through
December 31, 2005, the Company reimbursed the Manager $797,000 for such
expenses. For a more complete description of the management agreement
and fees paid and payable to the Manager (see Note 12). As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had executed six and four CDO
transactions, respectively. These CDO transactions were structured
for the Company by the Manager, but, under the management agreement the Manager
was not separately compensated by the Company for these
transactions. In addition, the Company may reimburse the Manager and
Resource America for expenses for employees of Resource America who perform
legal, accounting, due diligence and other services that outside professionals
or consultants would otherwise perform.
Relationship
with Law Firm
Until 1996, the Company’s Chairman,
Edward Cohen, was of counsel to Ledgewood, P.C., a law firm. For the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company paid Ledgewood $361,000 and
$361,000, respectively. For the period ended December 31, 2005, the
Company paid Ledgewood $876,000. Mr. Cohen receives certain debt
service payments from Ledgewood related to the termination of his affiliation
with Ledgewood and its redemption of his interest.
NOTE
14 – DISTRIBUTIONS
In order to qualify as a REIT, the
Company must currently distribute at least 90% of its taxable
income. In addition, the Company must distribute 100% of its taxable
income in order not to be subject to corporate federal income taxes on retained
income. The Company anticipates it will distribute substantially all
of its taxable income to its stockholders. Because taxable income
differs from cash flow from operations due to non-cash revenues or expenses
(such as depreciation), in certain circumstances, the Company may generate
operating cash flow in excess of its distributions or, alternatively, may be
required to borrow to make sufficient distribution payments.
During the year ended December 31,
2007, the Company declared and paid distributions totaling $40.7 million, or
$1.62 per share. This includes $10.4 million, in the aggregate,
declared on December 18, 2007 and paid on January 14, 2008 to stockholders of
record as of December 31, 2007. During the year ended December 31,
2006, the Company declared and paid distributions totaling $26.5 million, or
$1.49 per share. From March 8, 2005, the date the Company commenced
operations, through December 31, 2005, the Company declared and paid
distributions totaling $13.5 million, or $0.86 per share. For tax
purposes, 100% of the distributions declared in 2007, 2006 and 2005 have been
classified as ordinary income.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
14 – DISTRIBUTIONS − (Continued)
On January 13, 2006, the Company paid a
special dividend to stockholders of record on January 4, 2006, including holders
of restricted stock, consisting of warrants to purchase the Company’s common
stock. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of
common stock at an exercise price of $15.00 per share. Stockholders
received one warrant for each ten shares of common stock and restricted stock
held. If an existing stockholder owned shares in other than a
ten-share increment, the stockholder received an additional
warrant. The warrants will expire on January 13, 2009 and became
exercisable on January 13, 2007. As of March 10, 2007, 375,547
warrants had been exercised which resulted in the receipt of net proceeds of
$5.6 million. An aggregate of 1,568,244 shares are issuable upon
exercise of the warrants. Upon exercise of warrants, new shares are
issued.
NOTE
15 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
SFAS 107, “Disclosure About Fair
Value of Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of
the fair value of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate
value. The fair value of available-for-sale securities, derivatives
and direct financing leases and notes is equal to their respective carrying
value presented in the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated
fair value of loans held for investment was $1.7 billion and $1.2 billion as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The fair value of the
Company’s investments represent management’s estimate of the price that a
willing buyer would pay a willing seller for such assets. This
estimate is based on the underlying interest rates and credit spreads for
fixed-rate securities and, to the extent available, quoted market
prices. The fair value of all other assets and liabilities
approximates carrying value as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, due to the
short-term nature of these items.
NOTE
16 – INTEREST RATE RISK AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The primary market risk to the Company
is interest rate risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many
factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and
international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the
Company’s control. Changes in the general level of interest rates can
affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income
earned on interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in
connection with the interest-bearing liabilities, by affecting the spread
between the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing
liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates also can affect
the value of the Company’s interest-earning assets and the Company’s ability to
realize gains from the sale of these assets. A decline in the value
of the Company’s interest-earning assets pledged as collateral for borrowings
under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding
additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral
to reduce borrowing levels.
The Company seeks to manage the extent
to which net income changes as a function of changes in interest rates by
matching adjustable-rate assets with variable-rate borrowings. During
periods of changing interest rates, interest rate mismatches could negatively
impact the Company’s consolidated financial condition, consolidated results of
operations and consolidated cash flows. In addition, the Company
mitigates the potential impact on net income of periodic and lifetime coupon
adjustment restrictions in its investment portfolio by entering into interest
rate hedging agreements such as interest rate caps and interest rate
swaps.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
16 – INTEREST RATE RISK AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS − (Continued)
At December 31, 2007, the Company had
30 interest rate swap contracts outstanding whereby the Company will pay an
average fixed rate of 5.36% and receive a variable rate equal to one-month
LIBOR. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts was $347.9
million at December 31, 2007.
At December 31, 2006, the Company had
12 interest rate swap contracts and five forward interest rate swap
contracts. The Company will pay an average fixed rate of 5.33% and
receive a variable rate equal to one-month and three-month LIBOR on the interest
rate swap contracts. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts
was $150.9 million. The Company paid an average fixed rate of 5.19%
and received a variable rate equal to one-month and three-month LIBOR on the
forward interest rate swap contracts, which will commence in February
2007. The aggregate notional amount of these contracts was $74.0
million. In addition, the Company had one interest rate cap agreement
outstanding whereby it reduced its exposure to variability in future cash
outflows attributable to changes in LIBOR. The aggregate notional
amount of this contract was $15.0 million at December 31, 2006.
The estimated fair value of the
Company’s interest rate swaps was ($18.0) million as of December 31,
2007. The Company had aggregate unrealized losses of $15.7 million on
the interest rate swap agreements, as of December 31, 2007, which is recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive loss. In connection with the August
2006 close of Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2006-1, the Company realized a
swap termination loss of $119,000, which is being amortized over the maturity of
RREF CDO 2006-1 and the amortization is reflected in interest expense in the
Company’s consolidated statements of income. In connection with the
June 2007 close of Resource Real Estate Funding CDO 2007-1, the Company realized
a swap termination gain of $2.6 million, which is being amortized over the
maturity of RREF CDO 2007-1 and the accretion is reflected in interest expense
in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.
The estimated fair value of the
Company’s interest rate swaps, forward swaps and interest rate cap was $3.1
million as of December 31, 2006. The Company had aggregate unrealized
gains of $3.2 million on the interest rate swap agreements and interest rate cap
agreement as of December 31, 2006, which is recorded in accumulated other
comprehensive loss. In connection with the January 2006 sale of a
portion of the Company’s agency ABS-RMBS portfolio, the Company realized a swap
termination gain of $881,000, which is reflected interest expense in the
Company’s consolidated statements of income. In connection with the
sale of the Company’s remaining agency ABS-RMBS portfolio on September 27, 2007,
the Company realized a swap termination gain of $2.6 million. This
swap agreement had an original termination date of October 2007. The
realized gain is reflected in net realized gains (losses) on investments in the
Company’s consolidated statements of income.
Changes in interest rates may also have
an effect on the rate of mortgage principal prepayments and, as a result,
prepayments on mortgage-backed securities in the Company’s investment
portfolio. The Company seeks to mitigate the effect of changes in the
mortgage principal repayment rate by balancing assets purchased at a premium
with assets purchased at a discount. At December 31, 2007, the
aggregate discount exceeded the aggregate premium on the Company’s
mortgage-backed securities by approximately $4.1 million. At December
31, 2006, the aggregate discount exceeded the aggregate premium on the Company’s
mortgage-backed securities by approximately $3.1 million.
NOTE
17 – STOCK INCENTIVE PLANS
Upon
formation of the Company, the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”) was
adopted for the purpose of attracting and retaining executive officers,
employees, directors and other persons and entities that provide services to the
Company. The 2005 Plan authorizes the issuance of options to purchase
common stock, stock awards, performance shares and stock appreciation
rights.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
17 – STOCK INCENTIVE PLANS − (Continued)
Up to 1,533,333 shares of common stock
are available for issuance under the 2005 Plan. The share
authorization, incentive stock option limit and the terms of outstanding awards
will be adjusted as the board of directors determines is appropriate in the
event of a stock dividend, stock split, reclassification of shares or similar
events. Upon completion of the March 2005 private placement, the
Company granted the Manager 345,000 shares of restricted stock and options to
purchase 651,666 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $15.00 per
share under the 2005 Plan.
In July 2007, the Company’s
shareholders approved the 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the “2007
Plan”). The 2007 Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 2,000,000
shares of common stock in the form of options to purchase common stock, stock
awards, performance shares and stock appreciation rights.
NOTE
18 – INCOME TAXES
The Company has made an election to be
taxed, and believes it qualifies as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the
Code. To maintain REIT status for federal income tax purposes, the
Company is generally required to distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable
income to its shareholders as well as comply with certain other qualification
requirements as defined under the Code. Accordingly, the Company is
not subject to federal corporate income tax to extent that it distributes 100%
of its REIT taxable income each year. Taxable income from non-REIT
activities managed through Resource TRS, the Company's taxable REIT subsidiary,
is subject to federal, state and local income taxes.
Resource
TRS' income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method as
required under SFAS 109 "Accounting for Income Taxes." Under the
asset and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the
temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis of
Resource TRS' assets and liabilities.
During
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company recorded provisions for
income taxes related to taxable income from Resource TRS of $338,000 and
$67,000, respectively. These provisions are part of operating
expenses on the consolidated statements of income.
Apidos CDO I, Apidos CDO III and Apidos
Cinco CDO, the Company’s foreign TRSs, are organized as exempted companies
incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and
are generally exempt from federal and state income tax at the corporate level
because their activities in the United States are limited to trading in stock
and securities for their own account. Therefore, despite their status
as taxable REIT subsidiaries, they generally will not be subject to corporate
tax on their earnings and no provision for income taxes is required; however,
because they are “controlled foreign corporations,” the Company will generally
be required to include Apidos CDO I’s, Apidos CDO III’s and Apidos Cinco CDO’s
current taxable income in its calculation of REIT taxable income.
The Company adopted FIN 48 as of
January 1, 2007. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and
measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of
a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48
also provided guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The
adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material effect on the Company's results of
operations or financial position.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
DECEMBER
31, 2007
NOTE
18 – INCOME TAXES
The Company had no unrecognized tax
benefits as of the adoption date or as of December 31, 2007. The
Company expects no significant increases or decreases in unrecognized tax
benefits due to changes in tax positions within the 12-month period after
December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2007, income tax returns for
the calendar years 2005 - 2007 remain subject to examination by Internal Revenue
Service ("IRS") and/or any state or local taxing jurisdiction. The
Company has not executed any agreements with the IRS or any state and/or local
taxing jurisdiction to extend a statue of limitations in relation to any
previous year. If applicable, the Company will classify tax penalties
as “other operating expenses,” and any interest as “interest
expense.”
NOTE
19 – QUARTERLY RESULTS
The following is a presentation of the
quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006:
March
31
|
June
30
|
September
30
|
December
31
|
|||||||||||||
(unaudited)
|
(unaudited)
|
(unaudited)
|
(unaudited)
|
|||||||||||||
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
||||||||||||||||
Year ended December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$ | 40,010 | $ | 43,826 | $ | 48,791 | $ | 44,541 | ||||||||
Interest
expense
|
26,789 | 30,222 | 34,266 | 30,460 | ||||||||||||
Net
interest
income
|
$ | 13,221 | $ | 13,604 | $ | 14,525 | $ | 14,081 | ||||||||
Net
income
(loss)
|
$ | 9,439 | $ | 9,836 | $ | (13,915 | ) | $ | 3,530 | |||||||
Net
income (loss) per share −
basic
|
$ | 0.39 | $ | 0.40 | $ | (0.56 | ) | $ | 0.14 | |||||||
Net
income (loss) per share − diluted
|
$ | 0.38 | $ | 0.39 | $ | (0.56 | ) | $ | 0.14 | |||||||
Year ended December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
$ | 29,433 | $ | 34,895 | $ | 39,423 | $ | 33,323 | ||||||||
Interest
expense
|
21,202 | 26,519 | 30,855 | 23,275 | ||||||||||||
Net
interest
income
|
$ | 8,231 | $ | 8,376 | $ | 8,568 | $ | 10,048 | ||||||||
Net
income
(loss)
|
$ | 5,150 | $ | 6,065 | $ | (2,401 | ) | $ | 6,792 | |||||||
Net
income (loss) per share −
basic
|
$ | 0.31 | $ | 0.35 | $ | (0.14 | ) | $ | 0.37 | |||||||
Net
income (loss) per share − diluted
|
$ | 0.31 | $ | 0.34 | $ | (0.14 | ) | $ | 0.36 |
NOTE
20 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On March
11, 2008, the Company announced a quarterly distribution of $0.41 per share of
common stock which will be paid on April 28, 2008 to stockholders of record as
of March 31, 2008.
On
January 14, 2008, the Company issued 144,000 shares of restricted common stock
under its 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan valued at $1.3 million based on
the closing price of the Company’s stock as of the date of
grant. These restricted shares vest 33.3% on January 14, 2009 and
annually thereafter through January 14, 2011.
ITEM 9. CHANGES AND
DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND
PROCEDURES
We maintain disclosure controls and
procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed
in our Securities Exchange Act of 1934 reports is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and
Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated
and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure
controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and
procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only
reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our
management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the
cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
Under the supervision of our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have carried out an evaluation
of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of
the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
There have been no significant changes
in our internal controls over financial reporting that have partially affected,
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting during our most recent fiscal year.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting
as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Because of
its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness
to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set
forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
There have been no significant changes
in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected,
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
Our independent registered public
accounting firm, Grant Thornton LLP, audited the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 and their report dated March 14,
2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on our internal control over financial
reporting and is included in this Item 9A.
Based on this assessment management
believes that, as of December 31, 2007, our internal control over financial
reporting is effective.
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Stockholders
and Board of Directors
Resource
Capital Corp.
We have
audited Resource Capital Corp. and subsidiaries’ (a Maryland Corporation) (the
Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007,
based on criteria established in Internal Control--Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting,
included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit.
We conducted
our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based
on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
A company’s
internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because of
its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our
opinion, Resource Capital Corp. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated
Framework issued by COSO.
We also have
audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Resource
Capital Corp. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the related
consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash
flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and the period from March 8,
2005 (Date Operations Commenced) to December 31, 2005, and our report dated
March 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion.
/s/ Grant
Thornton LLP
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
ITEM 9B. OTHER
INFORMATION
None.
PART
III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
All members of the board of directors
are elected for a term of one year or until their successors are elected and
qualified. Information is set forth below regarding the principal
occupation of each of our directors. There are no family
relationships among the directors and executive officers except that Jonathan Z.
Cohen, our Chief Executive Officer, President and a director, is a son of Edward
E. Cohen, our Chairman of the Board.
Names
of Directors, Principal Occupation and Other Information
Edward E.
Cohen, age 69, has been our Chairman since March
2005. Mr. Cohen is Chairman of Resource America, a position he
has held since 1990. He was Resource America’s Chief Executive
Officer from 1988 to 2004 and its President from 2000 to 2003. He is
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Atlas America, Inc., a
publicly-traded (NASDAQ: ATLS) energy company, a position he has held since
2000, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Pipeline Holdings GP, LLC, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Atlas America that is the general partner of Atlas
Pipeline Holdings, L.P., a publicly-traded (NYSE: AHD) holding company, a
position he has held since 2006, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Atlas
Energy Resources, LLC, a publicly-traded (NYSE:ATN) energy company, a position
he has held since 2006 and Chairman of the Managing Board of Atlas Pipeline
Partners GP, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Atlas America that is the general
partner of Atlas Pipeline Partners, L.P., a publicly-traded (NYSE: APL) natural
gas pipeline company. He is also Chairman of Brandywine
Construction & Management, Inc., a privately-held real estate
management company. From 1981 to 1999 he was Chairman of the
Executive Committee of JeffBanks, Inc., a bank holding company acquired by
Hudson United Bancorporation. From 1969 to 1989 he was Chairman of
the Executive Committee of State National Bank of Maryland (now a part of
Wachovia Bank).
Jonathan Z.
Cohen, age 37, has been our Chief Executive Officer, President and a
director since March 2005. Mr. Cohen has been President since
2003, Chief Executive Officer since 2004 and a Director since 2002 of Resource
America. He was Executive Vice President of Resource America from
2001 to 2003, and a Senior Vice President from 1999 to 2001. He has
been Vice Chairman of the Managing Board of Atlas Pipeline Partners GP since its
formation in 1999, Vice Chairman of Atlas America since 2000, Vice Chairman of
Atlas Energy Resources since 2006 and Vice Chairman of Atlas Pipeline Holdings
GP since 2006. He was the Vice Chairman of RAIT Investment Trust,
(now RAIT Financial Trust) a publicly-traded (NYSE: RAS) REIT, from 2003 to
2006, and Secretary, trustee and member of RAIT’s investment committee from 1997
to 2006.
Walter T.
Beach, age 41, has been a director since March
2005. Mr. Beach has been Managing Director of Beach Investment
Counsel, Inc., an investment management firm, since 1997. From 1993
to 1997, Mr. Beach was a Senior Analyst and Director of Research at
Widmann, Siff and Co., Inc., an investment management firm where, beginning in
1994, he was responsible for the firm’s investment decisions for its principal
equity product. Before that he was an associate and financial analyst
at Essex Financial Group, a consulting and merchant banking firm, and an analyst
at Industry Analysis Group, an industry and economic consulting
firm. Mr. Beach has served as a director of The Bancorp, Inc., a
publicly-traded (NASDAQ: TBBK) Delaware bank holding company, and its subsidiary
bank, The Bancorp Bank, since 1999.
William B.
Hart, age 64, has been a director since March
2005. Mr. Hart was Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the
National Trust for Historic Preservation from 1999 to 2004. He was
also a director of Anthem, Inc. (now Wellpoint, Inc.), a publicly-traded (NYSE:
WLP) health insurance company, from 2000 to 2004. Mr. Hart was
Director of SIS Bancorp (now Banknorth Massachusetts, a division of Banknorth,
N.A.) from 1995 to 2000. From 1988 to 1999, Mr. Hart served in
various positions with Blue Cross/Blue Shield of New Hampshire, ending as
Chairman of the Audit Committee and Chairman of the Board of Directors from 1996
to 1999. He also served as President of the Foundation for the
National Capital Region, Washington, DC, from 1993 to 1996 and President of The
Dunfey Group, a private investment firm, from 1986 to 1998. From 1986
to 1994 he was also director of First NH Banks where he was Chairman of the
Audit Committee from 1992 to 1994.
Gary
Ickowicz, age 52, has been a director since February 2007. Mr.
Ickowicz has been a Principal of Lazard Freres Real Estate Investors, a manager
of funds invested in debt and equity securities of North American real estate
assets and enterprises, since 2001. In addition, he was a director of
Lazard Freres’s real estate investment banking unit from 1989 through
2001. Since 2000 he has been a director of Grant Street Settlement,
and since 2002 he has been a director of NCC/Neumann, both not-for-profit
developers of senior housing. Since 2001 he has been a director of
Commonwealth Atlantic Properties, Inc., a privately-held REIT. From
2001 to 2006 he was a director of Kimsouth, Inc., a joint venture with Kimco
Realty Corporation, a publicly-traded (NYSE: KIM) REIT.
Murray S.
Levin, age 65, has been a director since March
2005. Mr. Levin is a senior litigation partner at Pepper
Hamilton LLP, a law firm with which he has been associated since
1970. Mr. Levin served as the first American president of the
Association Internationale des Jeunes Avocats (Young Lawyers International
Association), headquartered in Western Europe. He is a past president
of the American Chapter and a member of the board of directors of the Union
Internationale des Avocats (International Association of Lawyers), a Paris-based
organization that is the world’s oldest international lawyers
association. Mr. Levin was a member of the managing board of
Atlas Pipeline Partners GP from 2001 to March 2005.
P. Sherrill
Neff, age 56, has been a director since March
2005. Mr. Neff is a founder of Quaker BioVentures, Inc., a life
sciences venture fund, and has been Managing Partner since 2002. He
was a director of Resource America from 1998 to March 2005. From 1994
to 2002 he was President and Chief Financial Officer, and from 1994 to 2003, a
director of Neose Technologies, Inc., a publicly-traded (NASDAQ: NTEC) life
sciences company. Mr. Neff was also a director of The Bancorp
from its formation in 1999 until 2002.
Non-Director
Executive Officers
David J.
Bryant, age 50, has been our Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting
Officer and Treasurer since June 2006. From 2005 to 2006
Mr. Bryant served as Senior Vice-President, Real Estate Services, at
Pennsylvania Real Estate Investment Trust, a publicly-traded (NYSE: PEI) REIT
principally engaged in owning, managing, developing and leasing malls and strip
centers in the eastern United States. From 2000 to 2005,
Mr. Bryant served as PEI’s Senior Vice President - Finance and Treasurer,
and was its principal accounting officer.
Jeffrey D.
Blomstrom, age 39, has been our Senior Vice President - CDO structuring
since March 2005. Mr. Blomstrom has been President and Managing
Director of Resource Financial Fund Management, Inc., an asset management
subsidiary of Resource America, since 2003. Mr. Blomstrom
currently serves as the head of collateral origination and as a member of the
credit committee for Trapeza Capital, Resource America’s trust preferred
security collateral manager. From 2001 to 2003 Mr. Blomstrom was
a Managing Director at Cohen and Company, a Philadelphia-based investment bank
specializing in the financial services sector. From 2000 to 2001 he
was Senior Vice President of iATMglobal.net, Inc., an ATM software development
company. Mr. Blomstrom was, from 1999 to 2000, an associate at
Covington & Burling, a law firm, where he focused on mergers and
acquisitions and corporate governance.
Steven J.
Kessler, age 65, has been our Senior Vice President - Finance since
September 2005 and, before that, served as our Chief Financial Officer, Chief
Accounting Officer and Treasurer from March 2005. Mr. Kessler
has been Executive Vice President since 2005 and Chief Financial Officer since
1997 and was Senior Vice President from 1997 to 2005 of Resource
America. He was Vice President - Finance and Acquisitions at Kravco
Company, a national shopping center developer and operator, from 1994 to
1997. He has been a Trustee of GMH Communities Trust, a publicly
traded (NYSE: GCT) specialty housing REIT, since 2004. From 1983 to
1993 he was employed by Strouse Greenberg & Co., a regional full
service real estate company, ending as Chief Financial Officer and Chief
Operating Officer. Before that, he was a partner at Touche
Ross & Co. (now Deloitte & Touche LLP), independent public
accountants.
David E.
Bloom, age 43, has been our Senior Vice President - Real Estate
Investments since March 2005. Mr. Bloom has been Senior Vice
President of Resource America since 2001. He has also been President
of Resource Real Estate, Inc., a wholly-owned real estate subsidiary of Resource
America, since 2004 and President of Resource Capital Partners, a subsidiary of
Resource Real Estate, from 2002 to 2006. From 2001 to 2002 he was
President of Resource Properties, a former real estate subsidiary of Resource
America. Before that he was Senior Vice President at Colony Capital,
LLC, an international real estate opportunity fund, from 1999 to
2001. From 1998 to 1999 he was Director at Sonnenblick-Goldman
Company, a real estate investment bank. From 1995 to 1998 he was an
attorney at the law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher, LLP.
Other
Significant Employees
The
following sets forth certain information regarding other significant employees
of the Manager and Resource America who provide services to us:
Christopher D.
Allen, age 38, has been our Senior Vice President -
Commercial Lending since March 2005. Mr. Allen has been a
Managing Director of Resource Financial Fund Management since
2003. At Resource Financial Fund Management, Mr. Allen is in
charge of identifying, implementing and overseeing new leveraged loan and CDO
products. He is a member of the investment committee of Apidos
Capital Management, LLC, a wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of Resource
America, where he serves as the Chief Operating Officer. Before
joining Resource Financial Fund Management, from 2002 to 2003 he was a Vice
President at Trenwith Securities, the investment banking arm of BDO Seidman,
LLP, where he was in charge of corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions and
restructuring transactions. From 1994 to 1997 he was an Associate
with Citicorp Venture Capital working on leveraged buyout and recapitalization
transactions.
Gretchen L.
Bergstresser, age 45, has been our Senior Vice President - Bank Loans
since March 2005. Ms. Bergstresser has been the President and
Senior Portfolio Manager of Apidos Capital Management since
2005. Before joining Apidos Capital Management, from 2003 to 2005 she
was the Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of MJX Asset Management, a
multi-billion dollar boutique asset management firm managing leveraged loans
across five structured vehicles. From 1996 to 2003
Ms. Bergstresser was CDO Portfolio Manager and Head Par Loan Trader at
Eaton Vance Management, an investment management company. From 1995
to 1996 she was a Vice President in the Diversified Finance Division of Bank of
Boston. From 1991 to 1995 she was a Vice President at ING (U.S.),
Capital Markets, an investment banking firm.
Crit
DeMent, age 55, has been our Senior Vice President - Equipment Leasing
since March 2005. Mr. DeMent has been Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer of LEAF Financial Corporation, a majority-owned commercial
finance subsidiary of Resource America, since 2001. Mr. DeMent
was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of its subsidiary, LEAF Asset
Management, Inc., from 2002 until 2004. From 2000 to 2001 he was
President of the Small Ticket Group, an equipment leasing division of European
American Bank. Before that, he was President and Chief Operating
Officer of Fidelity Leasing, Inc., then the equipment leasing subsidiary of
Resource America, and its successor, the Technology Finance Group of CitiCapital
Vendor Finance, from 1996 to 2000. From 1987 to 1996 he was Vice
President of Marketing for Tokai Financial Services, an equipment leasing
firm.
Thomas C.
Elliott, age 34, has been our Senior Vice President - Finance and
Operations since September 2006 and, prior to that, was our Chief Financial
Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer from September 2005 to June
2006. He was our Senior Vice President - Assets and Liabilities
Management from June 2005 until September 2005 and, before that, served as our
Vice President - Finance from March 2005. Mr. Elliott has been
Senior Vice President - Finance and Operations of Resource America since 2006;
was its Senior Vice President from 2005 to 2006 and was its Vice President -
Finance from 2001 to 2005. He has also been Chief Financial Officer
of Resource Financial Fund Management since 2004. From 1997 to 2001
Mr. Elliott was a Vice President at Fidelity Leasing, where he managed all
capital market functions, including the negotiation of all securitizations and
credit and banking facilities in the U.S. and
Canada. Mr. Elliott also oversaw the financial controls and
budgeting departments.
Alan F.
Feldman, age 44, has been our Senior Vice President - Real Estate
Investments since March 2005. Mr. Feldman has been Chief
Executive Officer of Resource Real Estate since 2004 and Senior Vice President
of Resource America since 2002. Mr. Feldman was President of
Resource Properties from 2002 to 2005. From 1998 to 2002,
Mr. Feldman was Vice President at Lazard Freres & Co., an
investment banking firm, specializing in real estate mergers and acquisitions,
asset and portfolio sales and recapitalization. From 1992 through
1998, Mr. Feldman was Executive Vice President of PREIT-RUBIN, Inc. the
management subsidiary of Pennsylvania Real Estate Investment Trust and its
predecessor, The Rubin Organization. Before that, from 1990 to 1992,
he was a Director at Strouse, Greenberg & Co., a regional full service
real estate company.
Kevin M.
Finkel, age 36, has been our Vice President - Real Estate Investments
since January 2006. He has also been employed by Resource Capital
Partners since 2002, having been its Vice President and Director of Acquisitions
from 2003 to 2006 and President since 2006. Mr. Finkel has also
been an officer of Resource Real Estate since 2004, and is currently its
Executive Vice President and Director of Acquisitions. In 2000,
Mr. Finkel was an Associate at Lehman Brothers, a global investment banking
firm. From 1998 to 1999, Mr. Finkel was an Associate at Barclays
Capital, the investment banking division of Barclays Bank PLC. From
1994 to 1998, Mr. Finkel was an investment banker at Deutsche Bank
Securities, the investment banking division of Deutsche Bank AG.
Kyle
Geoghegan, age 39, has been a Managing Director of Resource Real Estate
Funding, Inc., a real estate subsidiary of Resource America, since July
2006. Mr. Geoghegan co-manages the whole loan origination
platform for Resource Real Estate Funding and is based in Los
Angeles. Mr. Geoghegan worked at Bear Stearns from January 1998 to
May 2006, serving as a Managing Director who co-managed the Bear Stearns
Commercial Mortgage office in Los Angeles which originated over $1 billion of
loans annually. Prior to joining Bear Stearns, Mr. Geoghegan spent
four years as a real estate loan officer at PNC Bank in Philadelphia, PA,
primarily originating construction and bridge loans.
Darryl
Myrose, age 34, has been a Managing Director of Resource Real Estate
Funding since July 2006. Mr. Myrose co-manages the whole loan
origination platform for Resource Real Estate Funding and is based in Los
Angeles. Mr. Myrose worked at Bear Stearns from April 1996 to
May 2006, serving as a Managing Director who co-managed the Bear Stearns
Commercial Mortgage office in Los Angeles which originated over $1 billion of
loans annually. Prior to joining Bear Stearns, Mr. Myrose was
employed with Clarion Advisors (formerly Jones Lang Wootton Realty Advisors)
where he was an asset management analyst.
Joan M.
Sapinsley, age 55, joined Resource Financial Fund Management, Inc. in
February 2007, as Managing Director to manage and increase the firm’s CMBS
portfolio. Prior to joining Resource Financial Fund Management, Ms Sapinsley was
a Managing Director at TIAA, where she worked from 1992 through 2006 purchasing
CMBS. She was responsible for all single borrower and single asset CMBS, as well
as subordinate CMBS and B-notes. She also directed TIAA’s conduit
origination and securitization activities. Before TIAA, Ms Sapinsley was a
Director in the Financial Services Group of Cushman & Wakefield and a real
estate consultant at Laventhol & Horwath.
Andrew P.
Shook, age 38, has been our Senior Vice President - ABS-RMBS and CMBS
since March 2005. Mr. Shook has been the President, Chief
Investment Officer and Senior Portfolio Manager of Ischus Capital Management
since 2004. In 2001 Mr. Shook founded and ran HSBC Bank USA’s
structured finance credit arbitrage book until 2004. Before that,
Mr. Shook worked domestically and in London for Bank of America from 1996
to 2001. From 1994 to 1996 he was a Senior Securities Analyst at
Hyperion Capital Management, a commercial and residential mortgage related fixed
income investment advisor.
Victor
Wang, age 45, has been our Vice President - Director of Asset Management
since January 2006. He has also been Vice President - Director of
Asset Management of Resource Real Estate since 2002. From 2000 to
2002, Mr. Wang was Vice President, Financing and Dispositions, at
Sonnenblick-Goldman Company, a real estate investment banking
firm. From 1998 to 1999, Mr. Wang was a Senior Asset Manager at
NorthStar Presidio Management Company, an asset management arm of Northstar
Capital Investment Corp. Before that, from 1994 to 1998,
Mr. Wang was an Asset Manager and Senior Analyst at Newkirk and Odin
Management Companies, an asset management company specializing in the management
of highly leveraged net lease and operating real estate.
Michael S.
Yecies, age 40, has been our Chief Legal Officer and Secretary since
March 2005 and our Senior Vice President since July
2007. Mr. Yecies has been Senior Vice President of Resource
America since 2005 and Chief Legal Officer and Secretary since
1998. From 1994 to 1998 he was an attorney at the law firm of Duane
Morris LLP.
Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
requires our officers, directors and persons who own more than ten percent of a
registered class of our equity securities to file reports of ownership and
changes in ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission and to furnish
us with copies of all such reports.
Based solely on our review of the
reports received by us, we believe that, during fiscal 2007, our officers,
directors and greater than ten percent shareholders complied with all applicable
filings requirements, except Mr. Bloom filed one late Form 4 relating to a
restricted stock grant.
Code
of Ethics
We have adopted a code of business
conduct and ethics applicable to all directors, officers and
employees. We will provide to any person without charge, upon
request, a copy of our code of conduct. Any such request should be
directed to us as follows: Resource Capital Corp., 1845 Walnut Street, Suite
1000, Philadelphia, PA 19103, Attention: Secretary. Our code of
conduct is also available on our website: www.resourcecapitalcorp.com. We intend to satisfy the
disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or
waiver from, a provision of this code of conduct by posting such information on
our website, unless otherwise required by applicable law or
regulation.
Information
Concerning the Audit Committee
Our Board of Directors has a standing
Audit Committee. The Audit Committee reviews the scope and
effectiveness of audits by the independent accountants, is responsible for the
engagement of independent accountants, and reviews the adequacy of our internal
financial controls. Members of the Committee are Messrs. Neff
(Chairman), Beach and Hart. The board of directors has determined
that each member of the audit committee meets the independence standards for
audit committee members set forth in the listing standards of the New York Stock
Exchange, or NYSE, including those set forth in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and that Messrs. Beach and Neff each qualify as
an “audit committee financial expert” as that term is defined in the rules and
regulations thereunder.
ITEM
11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
Compensation
Discussion and Analysis
We are required to provide information
regarding the compensation program in place for our CEO, CFO and the three other
most highly-compensated executive officers. In the following discussion, we
refer to our CEO, CFO and the other most highly-compensated executive officers
whose compensation in fiscal 2007 exceeded $100,000 as our “Named Executive
Officers” or “NEOs.”
Objectives
of Our Compensation Program
We have no employees. We are
managed by our Manager pursuant to a management agreement between our Manager
and us. All of our NEOs are employees of our Manager or one of its
affiliates. We have not paid, and do not intend to pay, any cash
compensation to our NEOs. However, our Compensation Committee may, from time to
time, grant equity awards in the form of restricted stock, stock options or
performance awards to our NEOs pursuant to our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and/or
the 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan. These awards are designed
to align the interests of our NEOs with those of our stockholders, by allowing
our NEOs to share in the creation of value for our stockholders through stock
appreciation and dividends. These equity awards are generally subject
to time-based vesting requirements designed to promote the retention of
management and to achieve strong performance for our company. These awards
further provide us flexibility in our ability to enable our Manager to attract,
motivate and retain talented individuals at our Manager.
Setting
Executive Compensation
Resource America determines the levels
of base salary and cash incentive compensation paid to our NEOs, a portion of
which comes from the fees paid by us under the management agreement. We do not
control how such fees are allocated by Resource America to its employees. For a
description of our management agreement, see Item
1: Business—Management Agreement.” We disclose the cash
amounts paid to our CFO, our only NEO who devotes his full business time to our
affairs, by Resource America in the Summary Compensation Table below even though
we do not pay these amounts to them.
Our Compensation Committee, in
conjunction with Resource America’s compensation committee, determines equity
compensation for our NEOs. Our Compensation Committee operates under
a written charter adopted by our Board of Directors, a copy of which is
available on our website at www.resourcecapitalcorp.com.
Our Compensation Committee determines compensation amounts after the end of
Resource America’s fiscal year, and makes equity awards in January of the
following year. Our Compensation Committee has the discretion to
issue equity awards at other times during the fiscal year. Our CEO
makes recommendations to the committee regarding proposed equity awards for each
of our executives, other than himself. The committee determines the
equity awards for our CEO.
In addition, our NEOs and other
employees may receive stock-based awards from Resource America. These
awards are approved by Resource America’s compensation committee. Our
Compensation Committee considers any such awards from Resource America as part
of the overall compensation package to our NEOs in assessing the compensation to
be awarded by our company.
Elements
of Our Compensation Program
As described above, our NEOs do not
receive cash compensation from us. However, our Compensation
Committee may, from time to time, grant equity awards in the form of restricted
stock, stock options or performance awards to our NEOs pursuant to our 2005
Stock Incentive Plan and/or the 2007 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan as
follows:
Stock
Options. Stock options provide value to the executive only if
our stock price increases after the grants are made. Stock options
typically vest 33.3% per year.
Restricted
Stock. Restricted stock units reward stockholder value
creation slightly differently than stock options: restricted stock
units are impacted by all stock price changes, both increases and
decreases. Restricted stock units typically vest 33.3% per
year and include a right to receive dividends on unvested shares.
Resource America Restricted
Stock. As described above, Resource America’s compensation
committee approves awards of Resource America restricted stock to
NEOs. These awards generally vest 25% per year, and include a right
to receive dividends on unvested shares.
Supplemental Incentive
Arrangements with David Bloom. In October 2007, we entered to
an agreement with David Bloom, our Senior Vice President—Real Estate
Investments, which awarded him 50,000 shares of our restricted stock under our
2005 Stock Incentive Plan. These shares vest one-ninth (1/9) at the
end of each fiscal quarter, beginning December 31, 2007. In addition,
all unvested shares will vest upon a change of control, as defined in the 2005
Stock Incentive Plan. The right to receive unvested shares will
terminate upon the termination of Mr. Bloom’s employment by Resource America,
unless the termination results from Mr. Bloom’s death or illness or injury that
lasts at least 6 months, is expected to be permanent and renders Mr. Bloom
unable to carry out his duties. We pay dividends on unvested
awards.
In December 2007, Resource America
entered into another agreement with Mr. Bloom which provides for awards to him
of our restricted stock and Resource America restricted stock. With
respect to our restricted stock, Mr. Bloom was awarded 120,000 shares, 60,000 of
which are subject to vesting over time and 60,000 of which are earned based on
the achievement of predetermined, objective performance goals over a multi-year
performance period. We pay dividends on unvested
awards. With respect to the shares that vest over time, 15% vest on
June 30, 2008, 15% vest on June 30, 2009 and 70% vest on December 31, 2010,
provided that Mr. Bloom is employed by Resource America at each vesting
date. The award opportunities, presented in number of potential
shares earned, are included in the Grant of Plan-Based Awards table
below. With respect to the performance-based shares, they will be
earned on achievement of performance goals over the performance period beginning
July 1, 2007 and ending June 30, 2010, with one-third of the units being earned
at the end of each 12-month period measurement period. The
performance measures are as follows:
·
|
Loan Origination. For each
measurement period, the loan origination volume generated by Mr. Bloom and
his colleagues in Resource America’s Los Angeles office, which we refer to
as Mr. Bloom’s team, must be equal to or greater than 90% of the loan
origination volume generated by Mr. Bloom’s team for the previous 12-month
period. Resource America may waive the loan origination
performance criteria, if in its reasonable discretion, reaching such
levels could not be reasonably achieved notwithstanding Mr. Bloom’s team’s
best efforts. Our Compensation Committee along with Resource
America’s Compensation Committee will exercise this
discretion.
|
·
|
Portfolio
Diversity. The loans
generated by Mr. Bloom’s team during the measurement period must conform
to the diversity and loan type standards set forth in the investment
parameters of the commercial real estate CDOs managed on our
behalf.
|
·
|
Pricing. The
gross weighted average spread on loans generated by Mr. Bloom’s team
during the measurement period must be not less than 250 bps over the
applicable index. Resource America may exclude certain loans
from this calculation and/or may waive the pricing provision for the
measurement period in its entirety.
|
·
|
Credit Quality. There shall have
been no principal losses during the measurement period on any loan
originated by Mr. Bloom’s team and no greater than 10% of the loans
originated by Mr. Bloom’s team (measured by principal balance) shall have
been in default during such measurement
period.
|
If the performance criteria for a given
measurement period are largely, but not entirely, met, the Compensation
Committees will
reasonably take such substantial performance into account in determining an
equitable partial earning of the award for such measurement
period. Once earned, the shares of restricted stock vest over the
following two years, at the rate of one-eighth (1/8) per quarter, as long as Mr.
Bloom is employed by Resource America on the last day of such quarter. The
performance-based stock awards are disclosed under the Grants of Plan-Based
Awards table under the heading “Estimated future payouts under equity incentive
plan awards” and in the Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End table under
the heading “Equity incentive plan awards.”
How
We Determined 2007 Compensation Amounts
Upon the recommendation our CEO, our
Compensation Committee made the following awards for fiscal 2007:
|
·
|
Mr.
J. Cohen was awarded 0 options and 87,158 shares of restricted stock for
fiscal 2007, as compared to 100,000 options and 33,333 shares of
restricted stock for fiscal 2006.
|
|
·
|
Mr.
Bryant was awarded 0 options and 4,183 shares of restricted stock for
fiscal 2007, as compared to 10,000 options and 0 shares of restricted
stock for fiscal 2006.
|
|
·
|
Mr.
Bloom was awarded 0 options and 181,621 shares of restricted stock for
fiscal 2007, as compared to 100,000 options and 1,666 shares of restricted
stock for fiscal 2006. See “—Elements of Our Compensation
Program--Supplemental Incentive Arrangements with David
Bloom.”
|
Report
of the Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee has reviewed
and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management and based
on its review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the
Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in
this filing.
This report has been provided by the
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Resource Capital
Corp.
Murray S.
Levin
P.
Sherrill Neff
Walter T.
Beach
The following table sets forth certain
information concerning the compensation paid or accrued in fiscal 2007 and 2006
for our Named Executive Officers:
SUMMARY
COMPENSATION
Name
and Principal Position
|
Year
|
Salary ($)
|
Bonus ($)
|
Stock Awards ($)(2)
|
Option
Awards ($)(3)
|
All
Other Compen-sation ($)
|
Total
($)
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen
|
2007
|
− | − | 538,860 | (14,449 | ) | − | 524,411 | ||||||||||||||||||
Chief
Executive Officer, President and Director
|
2006
|
− | − | 773,309 | 107,611 | − | 880,920 | |||||||||||||||||||
David
J. Bryant
|
2007
|
240,000 | (1) | 120,000 | (1) | 25,862 | (1,445 | ) | 47,978 | (4) | 432,395 | |||||||||||||||
Chief
Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
|
2006
|
122,769 | (1) | − | (1) | − | 10,761 | − | 133,530 | |||||||||||||||||
David
E. Bloom
|
2007
|
− | − | 205,803 | (14,449 | ) | − | 191,354 | ||||||||||||||||||
Senior
Vice President—Real Estate Investments
|
2006
|
− | − | 38,662 | 107,611 | − | 146,273 |
(1)
|
Mr.
Bryant joined us as our Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer
and Treasurer on June 28, 2006. Mr. Bryant’s salary and bonus
were paid by Resource America. We do not reimburse Resource
America for any part of Mr. Bryant’s salary or
bonus.
|
(2)
|
The
dollar value of stock awards represents the dollar amount recognized for
financial statement reporting purposes. For financial statement
purposes, we are required to value these shares under EITF 96-18 because
neither the Manager, nor our Named Executive Officers are employees of our
company. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting
Policies - Stock Based Compensation” and Note 11 to our consolidated
financial statements for an explanation of the assumptions for this
valuation. These values were net income for us in 2007 due to
stock revaluation which we are required to do quarterly until the shares
vest under EITF 96-18 because neither the Manager nor the grantees are
employees of ours.
|
(3)
|
The
dollar value of option awards represents the dollar amount recognized for
financial statement reporting purposes. For financial statement
purposes, we are required to value these options under EITF 96-18 because
neither the Manager nor our Named Executive Officers are employees of our
company. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Stock Based Compensation”
for a more detailed discussion. In valuing options awarded to
Messrs. J. Cohen, Bryant, and Bloom at $0.27 per option, we used the
Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the weighted average fair
value of each option granted with weighted average assumptions for (a)
expected dividend yield of 17.6%, (b) risk-free interest rate of 3.9%, (c)
expected volatility of 42.8%, and (d) an expected life of 7.0
years.
|
(4)
|
Represents
awards of Resource America restricted stock earned during 2007, valued at
the closing price of Resource America common stock on the date of the
grant in January 2007.
|
GRANTS
OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS TABLE
During 2007, we granted the following
plan-based awards to our named executive officers from our 2005 Stock Incentive
Plan and our 2007 Omnibus Compensation Plan:
|
·
|
Restricted
stock awards; and
|
|
·
|
Multi-year
performance-based stock awards
|
In addition, our chief financial
officer received an award of restricted stock of Resource America.
The following table sets forth
information with respect to each of these awards on a grant-by-grant
basis.
Estimated
future payouts under equity incentive plan awards
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Name
|
Grant
date
|
Threshold
(#)
|
Target
(#)
|
Maximum
(#)
|
All
other stock awards: number of shares of
stock
(#)
|
Grant
date fair value of stock awards ($)(1)
|
||||||||||||||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Our
restricted stock - 2005 Plan
|
01/05/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
87,158
|
1,499,989
|
||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
David
J. Bryant
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Resource
America
restricted
stock
|
01/03/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
1,846
|
47,978
|
||||||||||||||||
Our
restricted stock
- 2005 Plan
|
01/05/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
4,183
|
71,989
|
||||||||||||||||
David
E. Bloom
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Our
restricted stock – 2005 Plan
|
01/05/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
11,621
|
199,997
|
||||||||||||||||
Our
restricted stock – 2005 Plan
|
10/31/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
50,000
|
516,000
|
||||||||||||||||
Our
restricted stock – 2007 Plan
|
12/26/07
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
60,000
|
669,600
|
||||||||||||||||
Performance-based
stock
awards (2)
– 2007 Plan
|
12/26/07
|
− (3)
|
60,000
|
60,000
|
−
|
669,600
|
(1)
|
Based
on the closing price of our stock on the respective grant date with the
exception of Mr. Bryant’s Resource America stock grant which was valued
based on the closing price of Resource America’s stock on the respective
grant date.
|
(2)
|
Represents
performance based restricted stock awards under our 2007 Omnibus Equity
Compensation Plan that vest based on the achievement of pre-determined
objective performance goals over a multi-year performance
period. Refer to “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” for
additional information.
|
(3)
|
Grant
provides, however, that if performance is largely but not entirely met we
will reasonably endeavor to take substantial performance into account and
determine an appropriate award to
make.
|
OUTSTANDING
EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END
Option
Awards
|
Stock
Awards
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity
Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised
Unearned Options (#)
|
Option
Exercise Price($)
|
Option
Expiration Date
|
Number of
Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested
(#)
|
Market
Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)
(1)
|
Equity Incent-ive
Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have
Not Vested (#)
|
Equity
Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares,
Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($) (1)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name
|
Number of Securities Underlying
Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable |
Number of Securities Underlying
Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen
|
33,333 | 66,667 | (2) | − | $ | 15.00 |
3/7/15
|
142,714 | 1,328,667 | − | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||
David
J. Bryant
|
3,333 | 6,667 | (3) | − | $ | 15.00 |
3/7/15
|
4,183 | 38,944 | − | − | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1,846 | (5) | 27,081 | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
David
E. Bloom
|
33,333 | 66,667 | (2) | − | $ | 15.00 |
3/7/15
|
118,845 | 1,106,447 | 60,000 | (4) | 558,600 |
(1)
|
Based
on the closing price of $9.31, our stock price on December 31,
2007.
|
(2)
|
Represents
options to purchase our stock that vest 50% on each of May 17, 2008 and
May 17, 2009.
|
(3)
|
Represents
options to purchase our stock that vest 50% on each of June 28, 2008 and
June 28, 2009.
|
(4)
|
Represents
performance based restricted stock awards under our 2007 Omnibus Equity
Compensation Plan that vest based on the achievement of pre-determined
objective performance goals over a multi-year performance
period. Refer to “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” for
additional information.
|
(5)
|
Represents
shares of Resource America stock based on the closing price of $14.67,
Resource America’s stock price on December 31,
2007.
|
2007
OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED
Stock
Awards
|
||||||||
Name
|
Number
of Shares Acquired on Vesting (#)
|
Value
Realized on Vesting ($) (1)
|
||||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen
|
44,444 | 747,881 | ||||||
David
J. Bryant
|
− | − | ||||||
David
E. Bloom
|
7,776 | 89,091 |
|
(1)
|
Represents
market value of our common stock on vesting
date.
|
DIRECTOR
COMPENSATION
In 2007, the board of directors
approved an increase in compensation for each independent director from an
annual cash retainer of $35,000 and an annual stock award of $15,000 an annual
cash retainer of $52,500 and an annual stock award of $22,500. The
increase in the cash retainer became effective July 1, 2007 and the increase in
the annual stock award becamed effective in 2008. Effective July 1, 2007,
members of our investment committee are paid an additional $100,000 annually for
their services. The following table sets forth director compensation
for 2007:
Name
|
Fees
Earned or Paid in Cash ($)
|
Stock
Awards ($) (1)
|
Total
($)
|
|||||||||
Walter
T. Beach (2)
|
93,750 | 14,997 | 108,747 | |||||||||
William
B. Hart
|
43,750 | 14,997 | 58,747 | |||||||||
Murray
S. Levin
|
43,750 | 14,997 | 58,747 | |||||||||
P.
Sherrill Neff
|
43,750 | 14,997 | 58,747 | |||||||||
Gary
Ickowicz (2)
(3)
|
90,833 | 13,748 | 104,581 | |||||||||
Edward
E. Cohen
|
− | − | − | |||||||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen
|
− | − | − |
(1)
|
Dollar
value represents the amount recognized for financial statement reporting
purposes with respect to 2007. For Messrs. Beach, Hart, Levin
and Neff represents 1,056 restricted shares granted March 8, 2006 ($14,995
grant date fair value) which vested March 8, 2007 and 897 restricted
shares granted March 8, 2007 ($14,998 grant date fair value) which vested
on March 8, 2008; and for Mr. Ickowicz, represents 816 restricted shares
granted February 1, 2007 ($14,998 grant date fair value) which vested on
February 1, 2008.
|
(2)
|
Messrs.
Beach and Ickowicz are members of our investment
committee.
|
(3)
|
Mr.
Ickowicz joined the board of directors in February
2007.
|
Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
The compensation committee of the board
during 2007 consisted of Messrs. Beach, Levin and Neff. None of such
persons was an officer or employee, or former officer or employee, of our
company or any of its subsidiaries during fiscal 2007. None of our
executive officers was a director or executive officer of any entity of which
any member of the compensation committee was a director or executive officer
during 2007.
ITEM
12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN
BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDERS
MATTERS
The following table sets forth the
number and percentage of shares of common stock owned, as of March 10, 2008, by
(a) each person who, to our knowledge, is the beneficial owner of more than 5%
of the outstanding shares of common stock, (b) each of our present directors,
(c) each of our executive officers and (d) all of our named executive officers
and directors as a group. This information is reported in accordance
with the beneficial ownership rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission
under which a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of a security if that
person has or shares voting power or investment power with respect to such
security or has the right to acquire such ownership within 60
days. Shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options or warrants
are deemed to be outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage of the
person or group holding such options or warrants but are not deemed to be
outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage of any other
person.
Shares owned
|
Percentage(1)
|
|||||||
Executive
officers and directors: (2)
|
||||||||
Edward
E. Cohen (3)
|
277,787 | 1.10 | % | |||||
Jonathan
Z. Cohen (3)
|
429,492 | 1.70 | % | |||||
Walter
T. Beach (4)(5)
|
1,068,182 | 4.23 | % | |||||
William
B. Hart (5)
|
17,803 | * | ||||||
Gary
Ickowicz (5)
|
3,077 | * | ||||||
Murray
S. Levin (5)
|
11,203 | * | ||||||
P.
Sherrill Neff (5)
|
16,803 | * | ||||||
Jeffrey
D. Blomstrom (3)
|
42,579 | * | ||||||
David
E. Bloom (3)
|
192,945 | * | ||||||
David
J. Bryant (3)
|
32,000 | * | ||||||
Steven
J. Kessler (3)
|
29,976 | * | ||||||
All
executive officers and directors as a group
(11 persons)
|
2,121,847 | 8.35 | % | |||||
Owners
of 5% or more of outstanding shares: (6)
|
||||||||
Resource
America, Inc. (7)
|
2,062,588 | 8.13 | % | |||||
Leon
G. Cooperman (8)
|
3,637,833 | 14.40 | % |
* Less than 1%.
(1)
|
Includes
59,903 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants which
vested on January 13, 2007 and 84,998 shares of common stock issuable upon
exercise of stock options.
|
(2)
|
The
address for all of our executive officers and directors is c/o Resource
Capital Corp., 712 Fifth Avenue, 10th Floor, New York, New York
10019.
|
(3)
|
Includes
restricted stock awards granted to certain officers and directors as
follows: (i) on January 3, 2006: Mr. Blomstrom – 1,666 shares;
Mr. Bloom – 1,666 shares; and Mr. J. Cohen – 33,333 shares; all these
shares vest 33.33% per year, (ii) on January 5, 2007: Mr. Blomstrom –
14,526 shares; Mr. Bloom – 11,621 shares; Mr. Bryant – 4,183 shares; and
Mr. J. Cohen – 87,158 shares; all these shares vest 33.33% on January 5,
2008 and 8.33% quarterly thereafter, (iii) on October 30, 2007: 50,000
shares to Mr. Bloom; these shares vest quarterly through December 31,
2009; (iv) on December 26, 2007: 60,000 shares to Mr. Bloom; these shares
vest 15% on June 30, 2008, 15% on June 30, 2009 and 70% on December 31,
2010; and (v) on January 14, 2008: Mr. Blomstrom – 10,787 shares; Mr.
Bloom – 18,878 shares; Mr. Bryant – 13,484 shares; Mr. E. Cohen – 10,787
shares; and Mr. Kessler – 5,393 shares. Each such person has
the right to receive distributions on and vote, but not to transfer, such
shares.
|
(4)
|
Includes
(i) 1,047,045 shares purchased by Beach Asset Management, LLC, Beach
Investment Counsel, Inc. and/or Beach Investment Management, LLC,
investment management firms for which Mr. Beach is a principal and
possesses investment and/or voting power over the shares and
(ii) 14,434 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the
warrants which vested on January 13, 2007. The address for
these investment management firms is Five Tower Bridge, 300 Barr Harbor
Drive, Suite 220, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
19428.
|
(5)
|
Includes
(i) 3,750 shares of restricted stock issued to each of Messrs. Beach,
Hart, Levin and Neff on March 8, 2008 which vest on March 8, 2009, and
(ii) 2,261 shares of restricted stock issued to Mr. Ickowicz on February
1, 2008 which vest on February 1, 2009. Each non-employee
director has the right to receive distributions on and vote, but not to
transfer, such shares.
|
(6)
|
The
addresses for our 5% or more holders are as follows: Resource America,
Inc.: 1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1000, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103;
and Omega Advisors, Inc.: 88 Pine Street, Wall Street Plaza, 31st
Floor, New York, New York 10005.
|
(7)
|
Includes (i)
921 shares of restricted stock granted to the Manager in connection with
our March 2005 private placement that the Manager has not allocated to its
employees, (ii) 100,000 shares purchased by the Manager in our
initial public offering, (iii) 900,000 shares purchased by Resource
Capital Investor in our March 2005 private placement, (iv) 900,000
shares purchased by Resource Capital Investor in our initial public
offering, (v) 61,579 shares transferred to the Manager as incentive
compensation pursuant to the terms of its management agreement with us and
(vi) 100,088 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the
warrants which vested on January 13,
2007.
|
(8)
|
This
information is based on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 6,
2008. Leon G. Cooperman has or shares voting and/or investment
power over these shares. Under the terms of a limited waiver
granted to Omega Advisors Inc., of which Mr. Cooperman is President and
majority stockholder, with respect to ownership limitations in our
declaration of trust, Omega Advisors may be prohibited from exercising a
majority of these warrants without first disposing of other shares of our
common stock. See “Description of Capital Stock and
Warrants—Restrictions on Ownership and
Transfer.”
|
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The following table summarizes certain
information about our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and 2007 Omnibus Equity
Compensation Plan as of December 31, 2007:
(a)
|
(b)
|
(c)
|
|||||||
Plan
category
|
Number
of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding
options,
warrants
and rights
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding options,
warrants
and rights
|
Number
of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans excluding securities reflected in column
(a)
|
||||||
Equity
compensation plans approved
by
security holders:
|
|||||||||
Options
|
640,166 | $ | 14.99 | ||||||
Restricted
shares
|
581,493 | N/A | |||||||
Total
|
1,221,659 |
1,807,895
(1)
(2)
|
(1)
|
Upon
the July 2006 hiring of certain significant employees of the Manager, we
agreed to pay up to 100,000 shares of restricted stock and 100,000 options
to purchase restricted stock upon the achievement of certain performance
thresholds, the first of which was met in June 2007 and, as a result,
60,000 shares of restricted stock and 60,000 options to purchase
restricted stock were issued at that time. As of December 31,
2007, 40,000 shares of restricted stock and 40,000 options to purchase
restricted stock are unissued. These shares and options to
purchase restricted stock, which have been reserved for future issuance
under the plans, have been deducted from the number of securities
remaining available for future issuance. See Item 8, “Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data” at Note 11 for a more detailed
discussion.
|
(2)
|
We
agreed to award certain personnel up to 180,000 shares of restricted stock
upon the achievement of certain performance thresholds. These
shares, which have been reserved for future issuance under the plans, have
been deducted from the number of securities remaining available for future
issuance.
|
ITEM
13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Relationships
and Related Transactions
We have entered into a management
agreement under which the Manager receives substantial fees. We
describe these fees in Item 1 − “Business − Management
Agreement.” For the year ended December 31, 2007, the Manager earned
base management fees of approximately $5.1 million and incentive compensation
fees of $1.5 million (including $924,000 paid in the form of 37,543
shares). We also reimburse the Manager and Resource America for
financial services expense, rent and other expenses incurred in the performance
of their duties under the management agreement. For the year ended
December 31, 2007, we reimbursed the Manager $507,000 for such
expenses. In addition, we may reimburse the Manager and Resource
America for expenses for employees of Resource America who perform legal,
accounting, due diligence and other services that outside professionals or
consultants would otherwise perform. No such expense reimbursements
were made in the year ended December 31, 2007. As of December 31,
2007 we had executed six CDO transactions. These CDO transactions are
structured for us by the Manager; however, the Manager is not separately
compensated by us for these transactions.
Resource
America, entities affiliated with it and our executive officers and directors
collectively beneficially own 4,184,435 shares of common stock, representing
approximately 16% of our common stock on a fully-diluted basis. Our
executive officers are also officers of our Manager and/or of Resource America
or its subsidiaries.
LEAF Financial Corp. a majority-owned
subsidiary of Resource America, originates and manages our equipment lease and
note investments. We purchase these investments from LEAF Financial
at a price equal to their book value plus a reimbursable origination cost not to
exceed 1% to compensate LEAF Financial for its origination costs. In
addition, we pay LEAF Financial an annual servicing fee, equal to 1% of the book
value of managed assets, for servicing our equipment lease
investments. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we acquired $38.7
million of equipment lease and note investments from LEAF Financial, including
$387,000 of origination cost reimbursements. During the year ended
December 31, 2007, we paid LEAF Financial $810,000 in annual servicing
fees. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we sold nine leases back to LEAF Financial for $5.1 million,
their book value.
During the year ended December 31,
2007, we sold nine equipment notes back to LEAF Financial at a price equal to
their book value. The total proceeds received on the outstanding
notes receivable was $5.1 million.
Until 1996, our Chairman, Edward Cohen,
was of counsel to Ledgewood, P.C., a law firm. For the year ended
December 31, 2007, we paid Ledgewood $361,000. Mr. Cohen receives
certain debt service payments from Ledgewood related to the termination of his
affiliation with Ledgewood and its redemption of his interest.
Policies
and Procedures Regarding Related Transactions
Under our Management Agreement with the
Manager and Resource Amercia, we have established policies regarding the offer
of potential investments to us, our acquisition of those investments and the
allocation of those investments among other programs managed by the Manager or
Resource America. We have also established policies regarding
investing in investment opportunities in which the Manager or Resource America
has an interest and regarding investing in any investment fund or CDO
structured, co-structured or managed by the Manager or Resource
America.
The Manager and Resource America must
offer us the right to consider all investments they identify that are within the
parameters of our investment strategies and policies. For all
potential investments other than in equipment leases and notes, if the Manager
and Resource America identify an investment that is appropriate both for us and
for one or more other investment programs managed by them, but the amount
available is less than the amount sought by all of their investment programs,
they will allocate the investment among us and such other investment programs in
proportion to the relative amounts of the investment sought by
each. If the portion of the investment allocable to a particular
investment program would be too small for it to be appropriate for that
investment program, either because of economic or market inefficiency,
regulatory constraints (such as REIT qualification or exclusion from regulation
under the Investment Company Act) or otherwise, that portion will be reallocated
among the other investment programs. Investment programs that do not
receive an allocation will have preference in future investments where
investment programs are seeking more of the investment than is available so
that, on an overall basis, each investment program is treated
equitably.
To equitably allocate investments that
the Manager or Resource America has acquired at varying prices, the Manager and
Resource America will allocate the investment so that each investment program
will pay approximately the same average price.
With respect to equipment leases and
notes, if an investment is appropriate for more than one investment program,
including us, the Manager and Resource America will allocate the investment
based on the following factors:
|
·
|
which
investment program has been seeking investments for the longest period of
time;
|
|
·
|
whether
the investment program has the cash required for the
investment;
|
|
·
|
whether
the amount of debt to be incurred with respect to the investment is
acceptable for the investment
program;
|
|
·
|
the
effect the investment will have on the investment program’s cash
flow;
|
|
·
|
whether
the investment would further diversify, or unduly concentrate, the
investment program’s investments in a particular lessee, class or type of
equipment, location or industry;
and
|
|
·
|
whether
the term of the investment is within the term of the investment
program.
|
The Manager and Resource America may
make exceptions to these general policies when other circumstances make
application of the policies inequitable or uneconomic.
The Manager has also instituted
policies designed to mitigate potential conflicts of interest between it and us,
including:
|
·
|
We
will not be permitted to invest in any investment fund or CDO structured,
co-structured or managed by the Manager or Resource America other than
those structured, co-structured or managed on our behalf. The
Manager and Resource America will not receive duplicate management fees
from any such investment fund or CDO to the extent we invest in
it.
|
|
·
|
We
will not be permitted to purchase investments from, or sell investments
to, the Manager or Resource America, except that we may purchase
investments originated by those entities within 60 days before our
investment.
|
Except as described above or provided
for in our management agreement with the Manager and Resource America, we have
not adopted a policy that expressly prohibits transactions between us or any of
our directors, officers, employees, security-holders or
affiliates. However, our code of business conduct and ethics
prohibits any transaction that involves an actual or potential conflict except
for transactions permitted under guidelines which may be adopted by our Board of
Directors. No such guidelines have been adopted as of the date of
this report. In addition, our Board of Directors may approve a waiver
of the code of ethics and business conduct for a specific transaction, which
must be reported to our stockholders to the extent required by applicable law or
New York Stock Exchange rule. No such waivers have been granted
through the date hereof.
Director
Independence
Our common stock is listed on the New
York Stock Exchange and, as a result, we are subject to its listing
standards. The board of directors has determined that Messrs. Beach,
Hart, Ickowicz, Levin and Neff each satisfy the requirement for independence set
out in Section 303A.02 of the rules of the New York Stock Exchange and that each
of these directors has no material relationship with us (other than being a
director and/or a stockholder). In making its independence
determinations, the board of directors sought to identify and analyze all of the
facts and circumstances relating to any relationship between a director, his
immediate family or affiliates and our company and our affiliates and did not
rely on categorical standards other than those contained in the New York Stock
Exchange rule referenced above.
Audit
Fees
The aggregate fees billed by our
independent auditors, Grant Thornton LLP, for professional services rendered for
the audit of our annual financial statements for the years ended December 31,
2007 and 2006 (including a review of internal controls for 2007 as required
under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) and for the reviews of the
consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q
during each of the years then ended were $541,000 and $515,000,
respectively.
The aggregate fees billed by Grant
Thornton LLP for audit services in connection with the filing of our
registration statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission were
approximately $638,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006. There
were no such fees for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Tax
Fees
There were no fees paid to Grant
Thornton LLP for professional services related to tax compliance, tax advice or
tax planning for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007.
All
Other Fees
The aggregate fees billed by Grant
Thornton, LLP for the review of the deconsolidation accounting of Ischus CDO II
were $16,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007. We did not incur
fees in 2006 for other services not included above.
Audit
Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
The Audit Committee will, on at least
an annual basis, review audit and non-audit services performed by Grant
Thornton, LLP as well as the fees charged by Grant Thornton, LLP for such
services. Our policy is that all audit and non-audit services must be
pre-approved by the Audit Committee. All of such services and fees
were pre-approved during the year ended December 31, 2007.
PART
IV
ITEM
15. EXHIBITS
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
|
(a)
|
The
following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form
10-K:
|
|
1.
|
Financial
Statements
|
Report of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated
Balance Sheets at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Consolidated
Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006and the
period ended December 31, 2005
Consolidated
Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the
period ended December 31, 2005
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006 and the period ended December 31,
2005
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements
|
2.
|
Financial
Statement Schedules
|
Schedule
II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
|
3.
|
Exhibits
|
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
|
3.1
|
Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of Resource Capital Corp. (1)
|
|
3.2
|
Amended
and Restated Bylaws of Resource Capital Corp. (1)
|
|
4.1
|
Form
of Certificate for Common Stock for Resource Capital Corp. (1)
|
|
4.2
|
Junior
Subordinated indenture between Resource Capital Corp. and Wells Fargo
Bank, N.A., as Trustee, dated May 25, 2006. (3)
|
|
4.3
|
Amended
and Restated Trust Agreement among Resource Capital Corp., Wells Fargo
Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Delaware Trust Company and the Administrative
Trustees named therein, dated May 25, 2006. (3)
|
|
4.4
|
Junior
Subordinated Note due 2036 in the principal amount of $25,774,000, dated
May 25, 2006. (3)
|
|
4.5
|
Junior
Subordinated Indenture between Resource Capital Corp. and Wells Fargo
Bank, N.A., as Trustee, dated September 29, 2006. (4)
|
|
4.6
|
Amended
and Restated Trust Agreement among Resource Capital Corp., Wells Fargo
Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Delaware Trust Company and the Administrative
Trustees named therein, dated September 29, 2006. (4)
|
|
4.7
|
Junior
Subordinated Note due 2036 in the principal amount of $25,774,000, dated
September 29, 2006. (4)
|
|
10.1
|
Registration
Rights Agreement among Resource Capital Corp. and Credit Suisse Securities
(USA) LLC for the benefit of certain holders of the common stock of
Resource Capital Corp., dated as of March 8, 2005. (1)
|
|
10.2
|
Management
Agreement between Resource Capital Corp., Resource Capital Manager, Inc.
and Resource America, Inc. dated as of March 8, 2005. (1)
|
|
10.3
|
2005
Stock Incentive Plan (1)
|
|
10.4
|
Form
of Stock Award Agreement (1)
|
|
10.5
|
Form
of Stock Option Agreement (1)
|
|
10.6
|
Form
of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (1)
|
|
10.7a
|
Master
Repurchase Agreement between RCC Real Estate SPE 3, LLC and Natixis Real
Estate Capital. (2)
|
|
10.7b
|
Guaranty
made by Resource Capital Corp. as guarantor, in favor of Natixis Real
Estate Capital, Inc., dated April 20, 2007. (2)
|
|
(1)
|
Filed
previously as an exhibit to the Company’s registration statement on Form
S-11, Registration No. 333-126517.
|
(2)
|
Filed
previously as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed
on April 23, 2007.
|
(3)
|
Filed
previously as an exhibit to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30,
2006.
|
(4)
|
Filed
previously as an exhibit to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30,
2006.
|
Pursuant to the requirements of Section
13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
RESOURCE
CAPITAL CORP. (Registrant)
March 17,
2008 By: /s/ Jonathan Z.
Cohen
Jonathan Z. Cohen
Chief Executive Officer and President
Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
/s/
Edward E. Cohen
|
Chairman
of the Board
|
March
17, 2008
|
EDWARD
E. COHEN
|
||
/s/
Jonathan Z. Cohen
|
Director,
President and Chief Executive Officer
|
March
17, 2008
|
JONATHAN
Z. COHEN
|
||
/s/
Walter T. Beach
|
Director
|
March
17, 2008
|
WALTER
T. BEACH
|
||
/s/
William B. Hart
|
Director
|
March
17, 2008
|
WILLIAM
B. HART
|
||
/s/
Gary Ickowicz
|
Director
|
March
17, 2008
|
GARY
ICKOWICZ
|
||
/s/
Murray S. Levin
|
Director
|
March
17, 2008
|
MURRAY
S. LEVIN
|
||
/s/
P. Sherrill Neff
|
Director
|
March
17, 2008
|
P.
SHERRILL NEFF
|
||
/s/
David J. Bryant
|
Chief
Financial Officer,
|
March
17, 2008
|
DAVID
J. BRYANT
|
Chief
Accounting Officer and Treasurer
|
|
142
SCHEDULE
II
Resource
Capital Corp.
Valuation
and Qualifying Accounts
(dollars
in thousands)
Balance
at beginning of period
|
Charge
to expense
|
Write-offs
|
Balance
at end of period
|
|||||||||||||
Year Ended December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||||||
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
|
$ | − | $ | 6,211 | $ | − | $ | 6,211 |