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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC - Quarter Report: 2019 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED:  September 30, 2019
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______________ TO _________________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER:  1-13447

nlya04.jpg

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Maryland
22-3479661
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
1211 Avenue of the Americas
 
New York,
New York
10036
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(212) 696-0100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
NLY
New York Stock Exchange
7.50% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
NLY.D
New York Stock Exchange
6.95% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
NLY.F
New York Stock Exchange
6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
NLY.G
New York Stock Exchange
6.75% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock
NLY.I
New York Stock Exchange







Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated
filer
☑
 
Accelerated
filer
☐
 
Non-accelerated filer
☐
 
Smaller reporting company
☐
 
Emerging growth company
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐    No  ☑

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on October 25, 2019 was 1,430,106,199.



ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page
 


ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018 (1)
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents (includes pledged assets of $1,625,999 and $1,581,775, respectively) (2)
$
1,793,921

 
$
1,735,749

Securities (includes pledged assets of $111,087,358 and $87,193,316, respectively) (3)
116,094,061

 
92,623,788

Loans, net (includes pledged assets of $2,837,690 and $2,997,051, respectively) (4)
3,946,614

 
4,585,975

Mortgage servicing rights (includes pledged assets of $2,788 and $3,616, respectively)
386,051

 
557,813

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
4,688,144

 
3,833,200

Real estate, net
725,508

 
739,473

Derivative assets
168,755

 
200,503

Reverse repurchase agreements
—

 
650,040

Receivable for unsettled trades
193,229

 
68,779

Principal and interest receivable
483,744

 
357,365

Goodwill and intangible assets, net
94,904

 
100,854

Other assets
381,189

 
333,988

Total assets
$
128,956,120

 
$
105,787,527

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 

 
 

Liabilities
 

 
 

Repurchase agreements
$
102,682,104

 
$
81,115,874

Other secured financing
4,466,030

 
4,183,311

Debt issued by securitization vehicles
3,856,082

 
3,347,062

Mortgages payable
485,657

 
511,056

Derivative liabilities
972,415

 
889,750

Payable for unsettled trades
245,626

 
583,036

Interest payable
565,797

 
570,928

Dividends payable
359,491

 
394,129

Other liabilities
99,214

 
74,580

Total liabilities
113,732,416

 
91,669,726

Stockholders’ equity
 

 
 

Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 85,150,000 and 75,950,000 authorized, 81,900,000 and 73,400,000 issued and outstanding, respectively
1,982,026

 
1,778,168

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 2,914,850,000 and 1,924,050,000 authorized, 1,437,964,466 and 1,313,763,450 issued and outstanding, respectively
14,380

 
13,138

Additional paid-in capital
20,034,970

 
18,794,331

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
2,313,815

 
(1,979,865
)
Accumulated deficit
(9,125,895
)
 
(4,493,660
)
Total stockholders’ equity
15,219,296

 
14,112,112

Noncontrolling interests
4,408

 
5,689

Total equity
15,223,704

 
14,117,801

Total liabilities and equity
$
128,956,120

 
$
105,787,527

 
(1) 
Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2018.
(2) 
Includes cash of consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) of $49.6 million and $30.4 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(3) 
Excludes $429.1 million and $83.6 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and $182.3 million and $224.3 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of commercial mortgage-backed securities in consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral and eliminated from the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 
(4) 
Includes $76.3 million and $97.5 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale and $0 and $42.2 million of commercial mortgage loans held for sale at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

1

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
For The Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For The Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net interest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income
$
919,299

 
$
816,596

 
$
2,713,083

 
$
2,472,889

Interest expense
766,905

 
500,973

 
2,164,817

 
1,311,086

Net interest income
152,394

 
315,623

 
548,266

 
1,161,803

Realized and unrealized gains (losses)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest component of interest rate swaps
88,466

 
51,349

 
306,154

 
34,664

Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps
(682,602
)
 
575

 
(1,438,349
)
 
1,409

Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps
(326,309
)
 
417,203

 
(1,992,884
)
 
1,737,963

Subtotal
(920,445
)
 
469,127

 
(3,125,079
)
 
1,774,036

Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments
66,522

 
(324,294
)
 
(65,727
)
 
(376,943
)
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives
(16,888
)
 
94,827

 
(638,458
)
 
81,871

Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings
(1,091
)
 
(39,944
)
 
41,657

 
(139,913
)
Loan loss provision
(3,504
)
 
—

 
(9,207
)
 
—

Subtotal
45,039

 
(269,411
)
 
(671,735
)
 
(434,985
)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)
(875,406
)
 
199,716

 
(3,796,814
)
 
1,339,051

Other income (loss)
35,074

 
(10,643
)
 
93,757

 
57,550

General and administrative expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and management fee
41,161

 
45,983

 
130,225

 
136,091

Other general and administrative expenses
24,977

 
80,526

 
98,058

 
116,709

Total general and administrative expenses
66,138

 
126,509

 
228,283

 
252,800

Income (loss) before income taxes
(754,076
)
 
378,187

 
(3,383,074
)
 
2,305,604

Income taxes
(6,907
)
 
(7,242
)
 
(10,241
)
 
(3,416
)
Net income (loss)
(747,169
)
 
385,429

 
(3,372,833
)
 
2,309,020

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly
(747,059
)
 
385,578

 
(3,372,539
)
 
2,309,297

Dividends on preferred stock (1)
36,151

 
31,675

 
101,067

 
96,818

Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders
$
(783,210
)
 
$
353,903

 
$
(3,473,606
)
 
$
2,212,479

Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Diluted
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Diluted
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
(747,169
)
 
$
385,429

 
$
(3,372,833
)
 
$
2,309,020

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
1,034,873

 
(719,609
)
 
4,289,054

 
(3,104,218
)
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income (loss)
(86,061
)
 
331,100

 
4,626

 
407,282

Other comprehensive income (loss)
948,812

 
(388,509
)
 
4,293,680

 
(2,696,936
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
201,643

 
(3,080
)
 
920,847

 
(387,916
)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Annaly
201,753

 
(2,931
)
 
921,141

 
(387,639
)
Dividends on preferred stock (1)
36,151

 
31,675

 
101,067

 
96,818

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
165,602

 
$
(34,606
)
 
$
820,074

 
$
(484,457
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

(1) 
The three months ended September 30, 2019 exclude cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on the Company's Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.


See notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
For The Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For The Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Preferred stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
2,110,346

 
$
1,723,168

 
$
1,778,168

 
$
1,720,381

Issuance
 
41,146

 
—

 
428,324

 
411,335

Acquisition of subsidiary
 
—

 
55,000

 
—

 
55,000

Redemption
 
(169,466
)
 
—

 
(224,466
)
 
(408,548
)
End of period
 
$
1,982,026

 
$
1,778,168

 
$
1,982,026

 
$
1,778,168

Common stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
14,562

 
$
11,643

 
$
13,138

 
$
11,596

Issuance
 
—

 
1,057

 
1,422

 
1,103

Buyback of common stock
 
(182
)
 
—

 
(182
)
 
—

Acquisition of subsidiary
 
—

 
330

 
—

 
330

Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment
 
—

 
1

 
2

 
2

End of period
 
$
14,380

 
$
13,031

 
$
14,380

 
$
13,031

Additional paid-in capital
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
20,195,419

 
$
17,268,596

 
$
18,794,331

 
$
17,221,265

Stock compensation expense
 
207

 
168

 
2,018

 
1,789

Issuance
 
—

 
1,068,292

 
1,397,484

 
1,116,409

Buyback of common stock
 
(155,122
)
 
—

 
(155,122
)
 
—

Acquisition of subsidiary
 
—

 
455,613

 
—

 
455,613

Redemption of preferred stock
 
(5,534
)
 
—

 
(5,534
)
 
(3,952
)
Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment
 
—

 
1,037

 
1,793

 
2,582

End of period
 
$
20,034,970

 
$
18,793,706

 
$
20,034,970

 
$
18,793,706

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
1,365,003

 
$
(3,434,447
)
 
$
(1,979,865
)
 
$
(1,126,020
)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
 
1,034,873

 
(719,609
)
 
4,289,054

 
(3,104,218
)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (loss)
 
(86,061
)
 
331,100

 
4,626

 
407,282

End of period
 
$
2,313,815

 
$
(3,822,956
)
 
$
2,313,815

 
$
(3,822,956
)
Accumulated deficit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
(7,982,649
)
 
$
(1,800,370
)
 
$
(4,493,660
)
 
$
(2,961,749
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly
 
(747,059
)
 
385,578

 
(3,372,539
)
 
2,309,297

Dividends declared on preferred stock (1)
 
(36,451
)
 
(31,675
)
 
(101,067
)
 
(96,818
)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards (1)
 
(359,736
)
 
(365,488
)
 
(1,158,629
)
 
(1,062,685
)
End of period
 
$
(9,125,895
)
 
$
(1,811,955
)
 
$
(9,125,895
)
 
$
(1,811,955
)
Total stockholder’s equity
 
$
15,219,296

 
$
14,949,994

 
$
15,219,296

 
$
14,949,994

Noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
 
$
4,726

 
$
5,266

 
$
5,689

 
$
6,100

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Equity contributions from (distributions to) noncontrolling interests
 
(208
)
 
745

 
(987
)
 
39

End of period
 
$
4,408

 
$
5,862

 
$
4,408

 
$
5,862

Total equity
 
$
15,223,704

 
$
14,955,856

 
$
15,223,704

 
$
14,955,856

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)    See Note titled “Capital Stock” for dividends per share for each class of shares.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.




3

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
 
For The Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
(3,372,833
)
 
$
2,309,020

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Amortization of premiums and discounts of investments, net
943,277

 
474,449

Amortization of securitized debt premiums and discounts and deferred financing costs
(11,457
)
 
991

Depreciation, amortization and other noncash expenses
24,107

 
63,839

Net (gains) losses on disposals of investments
65,727

 
376,943

Net (gains) losses on investments and derivatives
2,589,685

 
(1,679,921
)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures
3,350

 
6,441

Loan loss provision
9,207

 
—

Payments on purchases of loans held for sale
(196,252
)
 
(191,641
)
Proceeds from sales and repayments of loans held for sale
220,409

 
64,460

Net receipts (payments) on derivatives
(2,561,170
)
 
1,519,228

Net change in
 
 
 
Other assets
(45,547
)
 
100,010

Interest receivable
(92,959
)
 
(8,468
)
Interest payable
(5,131
)
 
124,316

Other liabilities
34,194

 
(136,510
)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(2,395,393
)
 
3,023,157

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
Payments on purchases of Residential Securities
(51,291,188
)
 
(17,053,068
)
Proceeds from sales of Residential Securities
19,619,907

 
9,558,735

Principal payments on Residential Securities
11,163,622

 
8,696,239

Payments on purchases of MSRs
—

 
(381
)
Payments on purchases of corporate debt
(631,275
)
 
(744,071
)
Proceeds from sales of corporate debt
265,218

 
—

Principal payments on corporate debt
143,284

 
235,423

Originations and purchases of commercial real estate investments
(618,348
)
 
(697,753
)
Proceeds from sales of commercial real estate investments
193,846

 
134,538

Principal repayments on commercial real estate investments
1,852,854

 
478,726

Proceeds from sales of real estate
6,661

 
—

Proceeds from reverse repurchase agreements
78,439,755

 
70,016,988

Payments on reverse repurchase agreements
(77,789,715
)
 
(70,313,441
)
Distributions in excess of cumulative earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures
1,975

 
5,434

Payments on purchases of residential mortgage loans held for investment
(1,692,648
)
 
(729,917
)
Proceeds from repayments of residential mortgage loans held for investment
570,503

 
251,407

Cash paid related to asset acquisition, net of cash acquired
—

 
(258,334
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(19,765,549
)
 
(419,475
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
Proceeds from repurchase agreements and other secured financing
4,275,937,246

 
3,866,183,872

Principal payments on repurchase agreements and other secured financing
(4,254,088,297
)
 
(3,868,097,943
)
Proceeds from issuances of securitized debt
2,030,356

 
588,111

Principal repayments on securitized debt
(1,778,314
)
 
(614,536
)
Payment of deferred financing cost
(5,222
)
 
—

Net proceeds from stock offerings, direct purchases and dividend reinvestments
1,829,025

 
1,531,690

Redemptions of preferred stock
(230,000
)
 
(412,500
)
Principal payments on mortgages payable
(25,398
)
 
(49
)
Net contributions (distributions) from (to) noncontrolling interests
(987
)
 
(780
)
Net payment on share repurchase
(155,304
)
 
—

Dividends paid
(1,293,991
)
 
(1,405,389
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
22,219,114

 
(2,227,524
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
$
58,172

 
$
376,158

Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, beginning of period
1,735,749

 
706,589

Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, end of period
$
1,793,921

 
$
1,082,747

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
 

 
 

Interest received
$
3,583,189

 
$
2,846,535

Dividends received
$
6,279

 
$
5,448

Interest paid (excluding interest paid on interest rate swaps)
$
2,041,539

 
$
1,159,384

Net interest paid on interest rate swaps
$
(96,169
)
 
$
(243,946
)
Taxes received (paid)
$
274

 
$
86

Noncash investing activities
 

 
 

Receivable for unsettled trades
$
193,229

 
$
1,266,840

Payable for unsettled trades
$
245,626

 
$
2,505,428

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment
$
4,293,680

 
$
(2,696,936
)
Noncash financing activities
 

 
 

Dividends declared, not yet paid
$
359,491

 
$
102,811

 
 
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
 
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
 
Annaly Capital Management, Inc. (the “Company” or “Annaly”) is a Maryland corporation that commenced operations on February 18, 1997.  The Company is a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. The Company owns a portfolio of real estate related investments, including mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations, credit risk transfer (“CRT”) securities, other securities representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans, mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), commercial real estate assets and corporate debt. The Company’s principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to its stockholders and optimize its returns through prudent management of its diversified investment strategies. The Company is externally managed by Annaly Management Company LLC (the “Manager”).
The Company’s four investment groups are primarily comprised of the following:
Investment Groups
Description
Annaly Agency Group
Invests in Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) collateralized by residential mortgages which are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Annaly Residential Credit Group
Invests primarily in non-Agency residential mortgage assets within securitized products and residential mortgage loan markets.
Annaly Commercial Real Estate Group
Originates and invests in commercial mortgage loans, securities, and other commercial real estate debt and equity investments.
Annaly Middle Market Lending Group
Provides financing to private equity-backed middle market businesses across the capital structure.

The Company has elected to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) as defined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Code”).

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the “2018 Form 10-K”). The consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2018 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balance sheet amounts and/or disclosures at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments have been included for a fair presentation of this interim financial information. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described below or are included elsewhere in these notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the entities where the Company has a controlling financial interest. In order to determine whether the Company has a controlling financial interest, it first evaluates whether an entity is a voting interest entity (“VOE”) or a variable interest entity (“VIE”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Voting Interest Entities – A VOE is an entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest. The Company consolidates VOEs where it has a majority of the voting equity of such VOE.

5

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Variable Interest Entities – A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party that has both (i) the power to control the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE causes the Company’s consolidation conclusion to change. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information.
Equity Method Investments - For entities that are not consolidated, but where the Company has significant influence over the operating or financial decisions of the entity, the Company accounts for the investment under the equity method of accounting. In accordance with the equity method of accounting, the Company will recognize its share of earnings or losses of the investee in the period in which they are reported by the investee. The Company also considers whether there are any indicators of other-than-temporary impairment of joint ventures accounted for under the equity method. These investments are included in Real estate, net and Other assets with income or loss included in Other income (loss).
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in money market funds on an overnight basis and cash pledged as collateral with counterparties. Cash deposited with clearing organizations is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations and collateral held in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to the Company’s interest rate swaps and other derivatives totaled $1.6 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
Equity Securities – The Company may invest in equity securities that are not accounted for under the equity method or do not result in consolidation. These equity securities are required to be reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings, unless the securities do not have readily determinable fair values.  For such equity securities without readily determinable fair values, the Company has elected to carry the securities at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. For equity securities carried at fair value through earnings, dividends are recorded in earnings on the declaration date. Dividends from equity securities without readily determinable fair values are recognized as income when received to the extent they are distributed from net accumulated earnings.
Fair Value Measurements and the Fair Value Option – The Company reports various investments at fair value, including certain eligible financial instruments elected to be accounted for under the fair value option (“FVO”). The Company chooses to elect the fair value option in order to simplify the accounting treatment for certain financial instruments. Items for which the fair value option has been elected are presented at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and any change in fair value is recorded in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). For additional information regarding financial instruments for which the Company has elected the fair value option see the table in the “Financial Instruments” Note.
Refer to the “Fair Value Measurements” Note for a complete discussion on the methodology utilized by the Company to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments.
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities - The Company elected to present all derivative instruments on a gross basis as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note. Reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition if they are subject to netting agreements and they meet the offsetting criteria. Please see below and refer to the “Secured Financing” Note for further discussion on reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements.
Derivative Instruments – Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for further discussion.
Stock Based Compensation – The Company is required to measure and recognize in the consolidated financial statements the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions. The Company recognizes compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period for the entire award.

6

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Interest Income - The Company recognizes coupon income, which is a component of interest income, based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the financial instruments and their contractual terms. In addition, the Company amortizes or accretes premiums or discounts into interest income for its Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than multifamily securities), taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield.  The Company recalculates the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date, which results in a cumulative premium amortization adjustment in each period. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.
Premiums or discounts associated with the purchase of Agency interest-only securities, reverse mortgages and residential credit securities are amortized or accreted into interest income based upon current expected future cash flows with any adjustment to yield made on a prospective basis.
Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of residential mortgage loans and with those transferred or pledged to securitization trusts are primarily amortized or accreted into interest income over their estimated remaining lives using the effective interest rates inherent in the estimated cash flows from the mortgage loans. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are presented in Interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Refer to the “Interest Income and Interest Expense” Note for further discussion of interest income.
Income Taxes – The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT and intends to comply with the provisions of the Code, with respect thereto. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”).  As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon its taxable income. Refer to the “Income Taxes” Note for further discussion on income taxes.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”).  ASUs not listed below were not applicable, not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements when adopted or did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

7

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Standard
Description
Effective Date
Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Standards that are not yet adopted
ASU 2016-13 Financial instruments - Credit losses (Topic 326): Measurement of credit losses on financial instruments

This ASU updates the existing incurred loss model to a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model for financial assets and net investments in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through earnings.  The amendments affect certain loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope.  There are also limited amendments to the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities.
January 1, 2020 (early adoption permitted)
The Company plans to adopt the new standard on January 1, 2020. While the Company is continuing to assess the impact the ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements, the measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL model will be based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts of the financial assets in scope of the model. The Company has decided to apply a probability of default methodology to loans and loan commitments that will be impacted by the adoption and is determining appropriate internal controls and financial statement disclosures. Key implementation efforts have included initiating a parallel process including model testing and validation and development of internal controls. The Company expects an increase in the allowance as a result of adoption of the new guidance, but does not expect that the increase will be significant. The ultimate impact will depend on the Company’s portfolio, the macroeconomic conditions and forecast, and other management assumptions as of the date of adoption. Further, based on the amended guidance for available-for-sale debt securities, the Company does not expect a significant impact to its securities portfolio.
Standard
Description
Effective Date
Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Standards that were adopted
ASU 2017-01 Business combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the definition of a business
This update provides a screen to determine and a framework to evaluate when a set of assets and activities is a business.
January 1, 2018
The amendments are expected to result in fewer transactions being accounted for as business combinations.
ASU 2016-15 Statement of cash flows (Topic 230): Classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments

This update provides specific guidance on certain cash flow classification issues, including classification of cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. If cash flows cannot be separated by source or use, the appropriate classification should depend on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flows.
January 1, 2018
As a result of adopting this standard, the Company reclassified its cash flows on reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements entered into by Arcola Securities, Inc. (“Arcola”) from operating activities to investing and financing activities, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company applied the retrospective transition method, which resulted in reclassification of comparative periods.


8

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

4. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 
The following table presents characteristics for certain of the Company’s financial instruments at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
Financial Instruments (1)
Balance Sheet Line Item
Type / Form
Measurement Basis
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Securities
Agency mortgage-backed securities (2)
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income
$
113,670,254

 
$
89,840,322

Securities
Agency mortgage-backed securities (3)
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
792,270

 
912,673

Securities
Credit risk transfer securities
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
474,765

 
552,097

Securities
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
1,015,921

 
1,161,938

Securities
Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income
65,215

 
138,242

Securities
Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS (4)
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
75,636

 
18,516

Total securities
 
 
116,094,061

 
92,623,788

Loans, net
Residential mortgage loans
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
1,219,402

 
1,359,806

Loans, net
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment
Amortized cost
611,429

 
1,296,803

Loans, net
Commercial loans held for sale, net
Lower of amortized cost or fair value
—

 
42,184

Loans, net
Corporate debt, held for investment
Amortized cost
2,115,783

 
1,887,182

Total loans, net
 
 
3,946,614

 
4,585,975

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
Residential mortgage loans
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
2,376,731

 
1,094,831

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
Commercial mortgage loans
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
1,501,408

 
2,738,369

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
Commercial mortgage loans
Amortized cost
810,005

 
—

Total assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
 
4,688,144

 
3,833,200

Reverse repurchase agreements
Reverse repurchase agreements
Amortized cost
—

 
650,040

 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
Repurchase agreements
Amortized cost
102,682,104

 
81,115,874

Other secured financing
Loans
Amortized cost
4,466,030

 
4,183,311

Debt issued by securitization vehicles
Securities
Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings
3,856,082

 
3,347,062

Mortgages payable
Loans
Amortized cost
485,657

 
511,056

(1)     Receivable for unsettled trades, Principal and interest receivable, Payable for unsettled trades, Interest payable and Dividends payable are accounted for at cost.
(2)     Includes Agency pass-through, collateralized mortgage obligation (“CMO”) and multifamily securities.
(3)     Includes interest-only securities and reverse mortgages.
(4)     Includes conduit CMBS.


5. SECURITIES
 
The Company’s investments in securities include agency, credit risk transfer, non-agency and commercial mortgage-backed securities. All of the debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income, unless the fair value option is elected in which case changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Transactions for securities are recorded on trade date, including TBA securities that meet the regular-way securities scope exception from derivative accounting. Gains and losses on disposals of securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment – Management evaluates available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. 

9

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

When the fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than its amortized cost, the security is considered impaired. For securities that are impaired, the Company determines if it (1) has the intent to sell the security, (2) is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (3) does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security.  Further, the security is analyzed for credit loss (the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis). The credit loss, if any, will then be recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), while the balance of losses related to other factors will be recognized as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss).  When the fair value of a held-to-maturity security is less than the cost, the Company performs an analysis to determine whether it expects to recover the entire cost basis of the security. There was no other-than-temporary impairment recognized for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations and other MBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential or multifamily mortgage loans and certificates. Many of the underlying loans and certificates are guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) or the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) (collectively, “Agency mortgage-backed securities”). 
Agency mortgage-backed securities may include forward contracts for Agency mortgage-backed securities purchases or sales of a generic pool, on a to-be-announced basis (“TBA securities”). TBA securities without intent to accept delivery (“TBA derivatives”), are accounted for as derivatives as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note.
CRT Securities - CRT securities are risk sharing instruments issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. CRT securities are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to private investors.
Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in non-Agency mortgage-backed securities such as those issued in prime loan, Alt-A loan, subprime loan, non-performing loan (“NPL”) and re-performing loan (“RPL”) securitizations.
Agency mortgage-backed securities, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities are referred to herein as “Residential Securities.” Although the Company generally intends to hold most of its Residential Securities until maturity, it may, from time to time, sell any of its Residential Securities as part of the overall management of its portfolio.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“Commercial Securities”) - Certain commercial mortgage-backed securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss). Management evaluates such Commercial Securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly. The Company elected the fair value option on certain Commercial Securities, including conduit commercial mortgage-backed securities, to simplify the accounting where the unrealized gains and losses on these financial instruments are recorded through earnings.
The following represents a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019:
 
Residential Securities
 
Commercial Securities
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2019
$
92,467,030

 
$
156,758

 
$
92,623,788

Purchases
50,982,244

 
111,582

 
51,093,826

Sales
(19,793,722
)
 
(92,366
)
 
(19,886,088
)
Principal paydowns
(11,215,154
)
 
(43,170
)
 
(11,258,324
)
(Amortization) / accretion
(942,429
)
 
548

 
(941,881
)
Fair value adjustment
4,455,241

 
7,499

 
4,462,740

Ending balance September 30, 2019
$
115,953,210

 
$
140,851

 
$
116,094,061

 
 
 
 
 
 


10

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables present the Company’s securities portfolio that was carried at their fair value at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
 
Principal /
Notional
 
Remaining Premium
 
Remaining Discount
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Agency
(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through
$
102,020,108

 
$
4,321,803

 
$
(37,466
)
 
$
106,304,445

 
$
2,216,560

 
$
(102,943
)
 
$
108,418,062

Adjustable-rate pass-through
2,338,560

 
123,228

 
(1,440
)
 
2,460,348

 
11,265

 
(56,122
)
 
2,415,491

CMO
9,623

 
45

 
—

 
9,668

 
298

 
—

 
9,966

Interest-only
4,657,039

 
899,601

 
—

 
899,601

 
4,311

 
(173,304
)
 
730,608

Multifamily
2,562,366

 
28,314

 
(2,446
)
 
2,588,234

 
239,213

 
(712
)
 
2,826,735

Reverse mortgages
56,464

 
5,354

 
—

 
61,818

 
62

 
(218
)
 
61,662

Total agency securities
$
111,644,160

 
$
5,378,345

 
$
(41,352
)
 
$
112,324,114

 
$
2,471,709

 
$
(333,299
)
 
$
114,462,524

Residential credit
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

CRT (1)
$
463,982

 
$
16,785

 
$
(2,258
)
 
$
463,584

 
$
13,492

 
$
(2,311
)
 
$
474,765

Alt-A
153,891

 
255

 
(22,816
)
 
131,330

 
14,307

 
—

 
145,637

Prime
267,196

 
2,223

 
(18,176
)
 
251,243

 
18,506

 
(29
)
 
269,720

Prime interest-only
459,718

 
4,195

 
—

 
4,195

 
—

 
(538
)
 
3,657

Subprime
380,293

 
1,394

 
(62,355
)
 
319,332

 
40,883

 
(116
)
 
360,099

NPL/RPL
28,669

 
—

 
(74
)
 
28,595

 
—

 
(41
)
 
28,554

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)
197,879

 
1,052

 
(4,374
)
 
194,557

 
6,967

 
—

 
201,524

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only
591,980

 
9,472

 
—

 
9,472

 
—

 
(2,742
)
 
6,730

Total residential credit securities
$
2,543,608

 
$
35,376

 
$
(110,053
)
 
$
1,402,308

 
$
94,155

 
$
(5,777
)
 
$
1,490,686

Total Residential Securities
$
114,187,768

 
$
5,413,721

 
$
(151,405
)
 
$
113,726,422

 
$
2,565,864

 
$
(339,076
)
 
$
115,953,210

Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Securities
$
140,600

 
$
343

 
$
(8,391
)
 
$
132,552

 
$
8,299

 
$
—

 
$
140,851

Total securities
$
114,328,368

 
$
5,414,064

 
$
(159,796
)
 
$
113,858,974

 
$
2,574,163

 
$
(339,076
)
 
$
116,094,061

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Principal /
Notional
 
Remaining Premium
 
Remaining Discount
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
Agency
(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through
$
81,144,650

 
$
3,810,808

 
$
(36,987
)
 
$
84,918,471

 
$
264,443

 
$
(2,130,362
)
 
$
83,052,552

Adjustable-rate pass-through
4,835,983

 
247,981

 
(1,337
)
 
5,082,627

 
7,127

 
(151,770
)
 
4,937,984

CMO
11,113

 
53

 
—

 
11,166

 
55

 
—

 
11,221

Interest-only
6,007,008

 
1,179,855

 
—

 
1,179,855

 
1,446

 
(307,412
)
 
873,889

Multifamily
1,802,292

 
12,329

 
(5,332
)
 
1,809,289

 
32,753

 
(3,477
)
 
1,838,565

Reverse mortgages
34,650

 
4,175

 
—

 
38,825

 
69

 
(110
)
 
38,784

Total agency investments
$
93,835,696

 
$
5,255,201

 
$
(43,656
)
 
$
93,040,233

 
$
305,893

 
$
(2,593,131
)
 
$
90,752,995

Residential credit
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

CRT
$
542,374

 
$
28,444

 
$
(15,466
)
 
$
555,352

 
$
7,879

 
$
(11,134
)
 
$
552,097

Alt-A
202,889

 
349

 
(31,238
)
 
172,000

 
10,559

 
(198
)
 
182,361

Prime
353,108

 
2,040

 
(23,153
)
 
331,995

 
12,821

 
(830
)
 
343,986

Subprime
423,166

 
1,776

 
(65,005
)
 
359,937

 
35,278

 
(594
)
 
394,621

NPL/RPL
3,431

 
—

 
(30
)
 
3,401

 
37

 
—

 
3,438

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)
225,567

 
1,087

 
(4,691
)
 
221,963

 
1,439

 
(2,744
)
 
220,658

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only
860,085

 
12,820

 
—

 
12,820

 
4,054

 
—

 
16,874

Total residential credit securities
$
2,610,620

 
$
46,516

 
$
(139,583
)
 
$
1,657,468

 
$
72,067

 
$
(15,500
)
 
$
1,714,035

Total Residential Securities
$
96,446,316

 
$
5,301,717

 
$
(183,239
)
 
$
94,697,701

 
$
377,960

 
$
(2,608,631
)
 
$
92,467,030

Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Securities
$
155,921

 
$
9,778

 
$
(9,740
)
 
$
155,959

 
$
1,659

 
$
(860
)
 
$
156,758

Total securities
$
96,602,237

 
$
5,311,495

 
$
(192,979
)
 
$
94,853,660

 
$
379,619

 
$
(2,609,491
)
 
$
92,623,788

 

(1)
Principal/Notional amount includes $14.9 million of a CRT interest-only security as of September 30, 2019.



11

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table presents the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio by issuing Agency concentration at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Investment Type
(dollars in thousands)
Fannie Mae
$
73,707,294

 
$
60,270,432

Freddie Mac
40,592,878

 
30,397,556

Ginnie Mae
162,352

 
85,007

Total
$
114,462,524

 
$
90,752,995

 
 
 
 

Actual maturities of the Company’s Residential Securities are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities because actual maturities of the portfolio are generally affected by periodic payments and prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgages.
The following table summarizes the Company’s Residential Securities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, according to their estimated weighted average life classifications:
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
Estimated weighted average life
(dollars in thousands)
Less than one year
$
5,508

 
$
6,454

 
$
13,447

 
$
13,670

Greater than one year through five years
58,857,860

 
57,504,374

 
11,710,172

 
11,928,973

Greater than five years through ten years
57,032,062

 
56,163,913

 
80,202,479

 
82,218,464

Greater than ten years
57,780

 
51,681

 
540,932

 
536,594

Total
$
115,953,210

 
$
113,726,422

 
$
92,467,030

 
$
94,697,701

 
The estimated weighted average lives of the Residential Securities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 in the table above are based upon projected principal prepayment rates. The actual weighted average lives of the Residential Securities could be longer or shorter than projected.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities, accounted for as available-for-sale where the fair value option has not been elected, by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Estimated Fair Value (1)
 
Gross Unrealized Losses (1)
 
Number of Securities (1)
 
Estimated Fair Value (1)
 
Gross Unrealized Losses (1)
 
Number of Securities (1)
 
(dollars in thousands)
Less than 12 months
$
3,524,012

 
$
(17,042
)
 
45

 
$
22,418,036

 
$
(432,352
)
 
713

12 Months or more
13,989,400

 
(142,735
)
 
506

 
43,134,843

 
(1,853,257
)
 
1,476

Total
$
17,513,412

 
$
(159,777
)
 
551

 
$
65,552,879

 
$
(2,285,609
)
 
2,189

 
(1)     Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities and reverse mortgages.


The decline in value of these securities is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets.  Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating.  The investments are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired because the Company currently has the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. 
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company disposed of $11.1 billion and $30.7 billion of Residential Securities, resulting in net realized gains (losses) of $76.3 million and ($50.6) million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company disposed of $9.1 billion and $14.5 billion of Residential Securities, resulting in net realized gains (losses) of ($322.4) million and ($372.5) million, respectively.


12

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

6. LOANS
 
The Company invests in residential, commercial and corporate loans. Loans are classified as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans are also eligible to be accounted for under the fair value option. Excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, as of September 30, 2019, the Company reported $1.2 billion of loans for which the fair value option was elected. If loans are held for investment and the fair value option has not been elected, they are accounted for at amortized cost less impairment. If the Company intends to sell or securitize the loans and the securitization vehicle is not expected to be consolidated, the loans are classified as held for sale. If loans are held for sale and the fair value option was not elected, they are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. Any origination fees and costs or purchase premiums or discounts are deferred and recognized upon sale. The Company determines the fair value of loans held for sale on an individual loan basis.
Nonaccrual Status – If collection of a loan’s principal or interest is in doubt or the loan is 90 days or more past due, interest income is not accrued. For nonaccrual status loans carried at fair value or held for sale, interest is not accrued, but is recognized on a cash basis. For nonaccrual status loans carried at amortized cost, if collection of principal is not in doubt, but collection of interest is in doubt, interest income is recognized on a cash basis. If collection of principal is in doubt, any interest received is applied against principal until collectability of the remaining balance is no longer in doubt; at that point, any interest income is recognized on a cash basis. Generally, a loan is returned to accrual status when the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual obligation, if all principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time and there is a sustained period of repayment performance by the borrower.
Allowance for Losses – The Company evaluates the need for a loss reserve on its loans. A provision for loan losses may be established when it is probable the Company will not collect amounts contractually due or all amounts previously estimated to be collectible. Management assesses the credit quality of the portfolio and adequacy of loan loss reserves on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary. Significant judgment is required in this analysis. Depending on the expected recovery of its investment, the Company considers the estimated net recoverable value of the loans as well as other factors, including but not limited to the fair value of any collateral, the amount and the status of any senior debt, the prospects for the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business. To determine if loan loss allowances are required on investments in corporate debt, the Company reviews the monthly and/or quarterly financial statements of the borrowers, verifies loan compliance packages, if applicable, and analyzes current results relative to budgets and sensitivities performed at inception of the investment.  Because these determinations are based upon projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amounts ultimately realized may differ materially from the carrying value as of the reporting date.
The Company may be exposed to various levels of credit risk depending on the nature of its investments and credit enhancements, if any, supporting its assets. The Company’s core investment process includes procedures related to the initial approval and periodic monitoring of credit risk and other risks associated with each investment.  The Company’s investment underwriting procedures include evaluation of the underlying borrowers’ ability to manage and operate their respective properties or companies.  Management reviews loan-to-value metrics at origination or acquisition of a new investment and if events occur that trigger re-evaluation by management.
Management generally reviews the most recent financial information produced by the borrower, which may include, but is not limited to, net operating income (“NOI”), debt service coverage ratios, property debt yields (net cash flow or NOI divided by the amount of outstanding indebtedness), loan per unit and rent rolls relating to each of the Company’s commercial real estate loans and preferred equity interests (“CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments”), and may consider other factors management deems important. Management also reviews market pricing to determine each borrower’s ability to refinance their respective assets at the maturity of each loan, economic trends (both macro and those affecting the property specifically), and the supply and demand of competing projects in the sub-market in which each subject property is located.  Management monitors the financial condition and operating results of its borrowers and continually assesses the future outlook of the borrower’s financial performance in light of industry developments, management changes and company-specific considerations.
The Company’s internal loan risk ratings are based on the guidance provided by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for commercial real estate lending. The Company’s internal risk rating categories include “Performing”, “Performing - Closely Monitored”, “Performing - Special Mention”, “Substandard”, “Doubtful” or “Loss”. Performing loans meet all present contractual obligations. Performing - Closely Monitored loans meet all present contractual obligations, but are transitional or could be exhibiting some weakness in both leverage and liquidity. Performing - Special Mention loans meet all present contractual obligations, but exhibit potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention and if uncorrected, may result in deterioration of repayment prospects. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged with a distinct possibility that loss will be sustained if some of the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans are Substandard loans whereby collection of all contractual principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable. Loss loans are considered uncollectible.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded a loan loss provision of $3.5 million and $9.2 million, respectively.

13

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s loan loss provision was $12.7 million and $3.5 million, respectively. There was no provision for loan loss recorded as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
The following table presents the activity of the Company’s loan investments, including loans held for sale and excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019:
 
Residential
 
Commercial
 
Corporate
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2019
$
1,359,806

 
$
1,338,987

 
$
1,887,182

 
$
4,585,975

Purchases
1,894,303

 
395,058

 
631,065

 
2,920,426

Sales and transfers (1)
(1,878,218
)
 
(958,912
)
 
(268,403
)
 
(3,105,533
)
Principal payments
(156,579
)
 
(156,437
)
 
(143,284
)
 
(456,300
)
Gains / (losses)
1,671

 
(9,207
)
 
5,260

 
(2,276
)
(Amortization) / accretion
(1,581
)
 
1,940

 
3,963

 
4,322

Ending balance September 30, 2019
$
1,219,402

 
$
611,429

 
$
2,115,783

 
$
3,946,614

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)     Includes securitizations, syndications and transfers to securitization vehicles.


The carrying value of the Company’s residential loans held for sale was $76.3 million and $97.5 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The carrying value of the Company’s commercial loans held for sale was $0 and $42.2 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Residential
The Company’s residential mortgage loans are primarily comprised of performing adjustable-rate and fixed-rate whole loans. Additionally, the Company consolidates a collateralized financing entity that securitized prime adjustable-rate jumbo residential mortgage loans. The Company also consolidates securitization trusts in which it had purchased subordinated securities because it also has certain powers and rights to direct the activities of such trusts. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information related to the Company’s consolidated residential mortgage loan trusts.
The following table presents the fair value and the unpaid principal balances of the residential mortgage loan portfolio, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
December 31, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Fair value
$
3,596,133

$
2,454,637

Unpaid principal balance
$
3,475,799

$
2,425,657


The following table provides information regarding the line items and amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 for these investments:
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Interest income
$
37,673

 
$
16,423

 
$
102,689

 
$
45,702

Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments
(9,671
)
 
(2,975
)
 
(19,499
)
 
(7,924
)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings
18,093

 
(3,633
)
 
61,805

 
(14,802
)
Total included in net income (loss)
$
46,095

 
$
9,815

 
$
144,995

 
$
22,976

 



14

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table provides the geographic concentrations based on the unpaid principal balances at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 for the residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles:
 
Geographic Concentrations of Residential Mortgage Loans
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Property location
% of Balance
 
Property location
% of Balance
California
51.9%
 
California
53.7%
New York
10.4%
 
Florida
7.1%
Florida
5.7%
 
New York
6.6%
All other (none individually greater than 5%)
32.0%
 
All other (none individually greater than 5%)
32.6%
Total
100.0%
 
 
100.0%
 
The following table provides additional data on the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Portfolio
Range
Portfolio Weighted
Average
 
Portfolio
Range
Portfolio Weighted Average
 
(dollars in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance
$1 - $3,448
 
$463
 
$0 - $3,500
 
$457
Interest rate
2.00% - 9.25%
 
5.03%
 
2.00% - 7.75%
 
4.72%
Maturity
1/1/2028 - 9/1/2059
 
5/29/2047
 
1/1/2028 - 11/1/2058
 
1/11/2046
FICO score at loan origination
 505 - 825
 
756
 
505 - 823
 
752
Loan-to-value ratio at loan origination
8% - 111%
 
67%
 
8% - 111%
 
68%
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 38% and 47%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, were adjustable-rate.

Commercial
The Company’s commercial real estate loans are comprised of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans. The difference between the principal amount of a loan and proceeds at acquisition is recorded as either a discount or premium. Commercial real estate loans that are designated as held for investment and are originated or purchased by the Company are carried at their outstanding principal balance, net of unamortized origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts, less an allowance for losses, if necessary. Origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts are amortized into interest income over the life of the loan.
Preferred equity interests are designated as held for investment and are carried at their outstanding principal balance, net of unamortized origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts, less a reserve for estimated losses, if necessary. 
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 91% and 88%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles and excluding commercial loans held for sale, were adjustable-rate.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, commercial real estate investments held for investment were comprised of the following:
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Outstanding Principal
 
Carrying
Value (1)
 
Percentage
of Loan
Portfolio (2)
 
Outstanding Principal
 
Carrying
Value (1)
 
Percentage
of Loan
Portfolio (2)
 
(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages
$
434,949

 
$
432,460

 
30.2
%
 
$
988,248

 
$
981,202

 
75.6
%
Senior securitized mortgages (3)
814,423

 
810,005

 
56.5
%
 
—

 
—

 
—
%
Mezzanine loans
192,065

 
178,969

 
13.3
%
 
319,663

 
315,601

 
24.4
%
Total
$
1,441,437

 
$
1,421,434

 
100.0
%
 
$
1,307,911

 
$
1,296,803

 
100.0
%
 
(1) 
Carrying value includes unamortized origination fees of $7.3 million and $7.6 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(2) 
Based on outstanding principal.
(3) 
Assets of a consolidated VIE.

15

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables represent a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s commercial real estate investments held for investment at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
September 30, 2019
 
Senior
Mortgages
 
Senior
Securitized Mortgages (1)
 
Mezzanine
Loans
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2019)
$
981,202

 
$
—

 
$
315,601

 
$
1,296,803

Originations & advances (principal)
376,651

 
964,473

 
21,032

 
1,362,156

Principal payments
(16,099
)
 
(150,050
)
 
(139,955
)
 
(306,104
)
Transfers
(913,849
)
 
—

 
(8,675
)
 
(922,524
)
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees
2,972

 
(6,999
)
 
(184
)
 
(4,211
)
Amortization of net origination fees
1,583

 
2,581

 
357

 
4,521

Allowance for loan losses
—

 
—

 
(9,207
)
 
(9,207
)
Net carrying value (September 30, 2019)
$
432,460

 
$
810,005

 
$
178,969

 
$
1,421,434

 
December 31, 2018
 
Senior
Mortgages
 
Mezzanine
Loans
 
Preferred
Equity
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2018)
$
625,900

 
$
394,442

 
$
8,985

 
$
1,029,327

Originations & advances (principal)
575,953

 
52,224

 
—

 
628,177

Principal payments
(216,849
)
 
(127,575
)
 
(9,000
)
 
(353,424
)
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees
(6,624
)
 
(370
)
 
—

 
(6,994
)
Amortization of net origination fees
2,822

 
376

 
15

 
3,213

Allowance for loan losses
—

 
(3,496
)
 
—

 
(3,496
)
Net carrying value (December 31, 2018)
$
981,202

 
$
315,601

 
$
—

 
$
1,296,803

 
(1)    Assets of a consolidated VIE.


The following table provides the internal loan risk ratings of commercial real estate investments held for investment as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
September 30, 2019
 
 

 
 
 
Internal Ratings
Investment Type
Outstanding Principal
 
Percentage of CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Portfolio
 
Performing
 
Performing - Closely Monitored
 
Performing - Special Mention
 
Substandard (1)
 
Doubtful (2)
 
Loss (3)
 
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages
$
434,949

 
30.2
%
 
$
141,505

 
$
185,954

 
$
64,390

 
$
43,100

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
434,949

Senior securitized mortgages (4)
814,423

 
56.5
%
 
322,193

 
316,710

 
125,520

 
50,000

 
—

 
—

 
814,423

Mezzanine loans
192,065

 
13.3
%
 
61,063

 
70,299

 
—

 
17,100

 
36,603

 
7,000

 
192,065

Total
$
1,441,437

 
100.0
%
 
$
524,761

 
$
572,963

 
$
189,910

 
$
110,200

 
$
36,603

 
7,000

 
$
1,441,437

 
December 31, 2018
 
 

 
 
 
Internal Ratings
Investment Type
Outstanding Principal
 
Percentage of CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Portfolio
 
Performing
 
Performing - Closely Monitored
 
Performing - Special Mention
 
Substandard (1)
 
Doubtful (2)
 
Loss
 
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages
$
988,248

 
75.6
%
 
$
653,066

 
$
215,792

 
$
55,000

 
$
64,390

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
988,248

Mezzanine loans
319,663

 
24.4
%
 
140,776

 
38,884

 
96,400

 
36,603

 
7,000

 
—

 
319,663

Total
$
1,307,911

 
100.0
%
 
$
793,842

 
$
254,676

 
$
151,400

 
$
100,993

 
$
7,000

 
$
—

 
$
1,307,911

 

16

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

(1) 
The Company rated three loans as of September 30, 2019 and two loans as of December 31, 2018 as Substandard. The Company evaluated whether an impairment exists and determined in each case that, based on quantitative and qualitative factors, the Company expects repayment of contractual amounts due.
(2) 
The Company rated one loan as Doubtful and evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2019. The Company rated one loan as Doubtful and evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2018. The allowance for loan losses for Doubtful loans was $5.7 million and $3.5 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(3) The Company transferred a loan from Doubtful to Loss during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
(4) 
Assets of a consolidated VIE.

Corporate Debt  
The Company’s investments in corporate loans typically take the form of senior secured loans primarily in first or second lien positions. The Company’s senior secured loans generally have stated maturities of five to seven years. In connection with these senior secured loans the Company receives a security interest in certain assets of the borrower and such assets support repayment of such loans. Senior secured loans are generally exposed to less credit risk than more junior loans given their seniority to scheduled principal and interest and priority of security in the assets of the borrower. Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the debt and its contractual terms. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income using the effective interest method.
The Company invests in corporate loans through its Annaly Middle Market Lending Group. The industry and rate attributes of the portfolio at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:
 
Industry Dispersion
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Fixed Rate
 
Floating Rate
 
Total
 
Fixed Rate
 
Floating Rate
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Aircraft and Parts
$
—

 
$
41,064

 
$
41,064

 
$
—

 
$
41,342

 
$
41,342

Arrangement of Transportation of Freight & Cargo
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
21,632

 
21,632

Coating, Engraving & Allied Services
—

 
49,767

 
49,767

 
—

 
57,223

 
57,223

Commercial Fishing
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
242,185

 
242,185

Computer Programming, Data Processing & Other Computer Related Services
—

 
347,287

 
347,287

 
—

 
—

 
—

Drugs
—

 
35,918

 
35,918

 
—

 
35,882

 
35,882

Electrical Work
—

 
42,372

 
42,372

 
—

 
41,760

 
41,760

Electronic Components & Accessories
—

 
24,000

 
24,000

 
—

 
24,059

 
24,059

Engineering, Architectural, and Surveying
—

 
77,284

 
77,284

 
—

 
80,748

 
80,748

Grocery Stores
—

 
23,292

 
23,292

 
—

 
23,431

 
23,431

Home Health Care Services
—

 
29,391

 
29,391

 
—

 
—

 
—

Insurance Agents, Brokers and Service
—

 
76,444

 
76,444

 
—

 
48,942

 
48,942

Mailing, Reproduction, Commercial Art and Photography, and Stenographic
—

 
14,770

 
14,770

 
—

 
14,843

 
14,843

Management & Public Relations Services
—

 
339,319

 
339,319

 
—

 
487,046

 
487,046

Medical & Dental Laboratories
—

 
41,467

 
41,467

 
—

 
26,858

 
26,858

Metal Cans & Shipping Containers
—

 
118,420

 
118,420

 
—

 
118,248

 
118,248

Miscellaneous Business Services
—

 
215,709

 
215,709

 
—

 
19,622

 
19,622

Miscellaneous Equipment Rental & Leasing
—

 
49,732

 
49,732

 
—

 
49,552

 
49,552

Miscellaneous Health & Allied Services, not elsewhere classified
—

 
77,551

 
77,551

 
—

 
56,003

 
56,003

Miscellaneous Plastic Products
—

 
10,000

 
10,000

 
—

 
9,953

 
9,953

Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
16,563

 
16,563

Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Parts & Supplies
—

 
28,877

 
28,877

 
—

 
29,046

 
29,046

Nonferrous Foundries (Castings)
—

 
12,918

 
12,918

 
—

 
12,948

 
12,948

Offices & Clinics of Doctors of Medicine
—

 
107,066

 
107,066

 
—

 
97,877

 
97,877

Offices & Clinics of other Health Practitioners
—

 
10,123

 
10,123

 
—

 
21,100

 
21,100

Petroleum and Petroleum Products
—

 
24,957

 
24,957

 
—

 
—

 
—

Public Warehousing & Storage
—

 
94,877

 
94,877

 
—

 
84,278

 
84,278

Research, Development & Testing Services
—

 
45,610

 
45,610

 
—

 
33,381

 
33,381

Schools & Educational Services, not elsewhere classified
—

 
19,635

 
19,635

 
—

 
19,805

 
19,805

Services Allied with the Exchange of Securities
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
14,877

 
14,877

Surgical, Medical & Dental Instruments & Supplies
—

 
96,702

 
96,702

 
—

 
96,607

 
96,607

Telephone Communications
—

 
61,231

 
61,231

 
—

 
61,371

 
61,371

Total
$
—

 
$
2,115,783

 
$
2,115,783

 
$
—

 
$
1,887,182

 
$
1,887,182

 


17

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The table below reflects the Company’s aggregate positions by their respective place in the capital structure of the borrowers at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
First lien loans
$
1,305,810

 
$
1,346,356

Second lien loans
809,973

 
540,826

Total
$
2,115,783

 
$
1,887,182

 

7. MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
 
The Company owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for a detailed discussion on this topic.
MSRs represent the rights associated with servicing pools of residential mortgage loans. The Company and its subsidiaries do not originate or directly service residential mortgage loans. Rather, these activities are carried out by duly licensed subservicers who perform substantially all servicing functions for the loans underlying the MSRs. The Company intends to hold the MSRs as investments and elected to account for all of its investments in MSRs at fair value. As such, they are recognized at fair value on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in the estimated fair value presented as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Servicing income, net of servicing expenses, is reported in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
The following table presents activity related to MSRs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Fair value, beginning of period
$
425,328

 
$
599,014

 
$
557,813

 
$
580,860

Change in fair value due to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1)
(17,312
)
 
(19,913
)
 
(116,150
)
 
(61,011
)
Other changes, including realization of expected cash flows
(21,965
)
 
9,732

 
(55,612
)
 
68,984

Fair value, end of period
$
386,051

 
$
588,833

 
$
386,051

 
$
588,833

 
(1)     Principally represents changes in discount rates and prepayment speed inputs used in valuation model, primarily due to changes in interest rates.


For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $27.7 million and $82.9 million, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized $27.7 million and $83.8 million, respectively, of net servicing income from MSRs in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
 
Commercial Trusts
The Company has investments in Freddie Mac securitizations (“FREMF Trusts”) which are structured as pass-through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. The FREMF Trusts are VIEs and the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary as a result of its ability to replace the special servicer without cause through its ownership of the Class C Certificates and its current designation as the directing certificate holder. The FREMF Trusts are included in the “Commercial Trusts” in the tables below.
The Company purchased approximately $94 million of a subordinated tranche in a securitization trust in 2018. As the directing holder, the Company can remove the special servicer with or without cause as well as direct the activities that are considered to be most significant to the economic performance of the trust. As such, the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the trust. The trust is included in “Commercial Trusts” in the tables below.

18

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

In August 2019, the Company purchased approximately $20.3 million of a subordinated tranche in a securitization trust. As the controlling class representative, the Company can remove the special servicer with or without cause as well as direct activities that are considered to be most significant to the economic performance of the trust. The trust is included in “Commercial Trusts” in the tables below.
Upon consolidation, the Company elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of the Commercial Trusts in order to avoid an accounting mismatch, and to represent more faithfully the economics of its interest in the entities. The fair value option requires that changes in fair value be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Company applied the practical expedient under ASU 2014-07, whereby the Company determines whether the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities is more observable as a basis for measuring the less observable financial instruments. The Company has determined that the fair value of the financial liabilities of the Commercial Trusts are more observable, since the prices for these liabilities are primarily available from third-party pricing services utilized for multifamily mortgage-backed securities, while the individual assets of the trusts are inherently less capable of precise measurement given their illiquid nature and the limitations on available information related to these assets. Given that the Company’s methodology for valuing the financial assets of the Commercial Trusts are an aggregate fair value derived from the fair value of the financial liabilities, the Company has determined that the fair value of each of the financial assets in their entirety should be classified in Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy.
The Commercial Trusts mortgage loans had an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $1.5 billion at September 30, 2019.  At September 30, 2019, there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the underlying loans or securitized debt securities at September 30, 2019 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans.
Collateralized Loan Obligation
In February 2019, the Company closed NLY 2019-FL2 a managed commercial real estate collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securitization with a face value of $857.3 million, which provides non-recourse financing to the Company collateralized by certain commercial real estate mortgage loans originated by the Company. As of September 30, 2019 a total of $635.9 million of notes were held by third parties and the Company retained or purchased $223.9 million of subordinated notes and preferred shares, which eliminate upon consolidation. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary because it has the right to direct the servicer as well as remove the special servicer without cause and it holds variable interests that could be potentially significant to the CLO. The transfers of loans to the CLO did not qualify for sale accounting because the Company maintains effective control over the loans. The Company elected the fair value option for the financial liabilities issued by the CLO in order to simplify the accounting; however, the commercial loans continue to be carried at amortized cost as they were not eligible for the fair value option as it was not elected at origination of the loans. The Company incurred $8.3 million of costs in connection with the CLO that were expensed as incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans in the CLO was $814.4 million at September 30, 2019 and there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the debt securities at September 30, 2019 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans. The contractual principal amount of the CLO debt held by third parties was $633.9 million at September 30, 2019.
Residential Trusts
The Company consolidates a securitization trust, which is included in “Residential Trusts” in the tables below, that issued residential mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans that had been transferred to the trust by one of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company owns the subordinate securities, and a subsidiary of the Company continues to be the master servicer. As such, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the residential mortgage trust and consolidates the entity. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of this VIE, but has not elected to apply the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trust are available from third-party pricing services. The contractual principal amount of the residential mortgage trust’s debt held by third parties was $66.2 million at September 30, 2019.
OBX Trusts
The entities in the table below are referred to collectively as the “OBX Trusts.” These securitizations represent financing transactions which provide non-recourse financing to the Company that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans purchased by the Company.

19

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Securitization
Date of Closing
Face Value at Closing
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
OBX 2018-1
March 2018
$
327,162

OBX 2018-EXP1
August 2018
$
383,451

OBX 2018-EXP2
October 2018
$
384,027

OBX 2019-INV1
January 2019
$
393,961

OBX 2019-EXP1
April 2019
$
388,156

OBX 2019-INV2
June 2019
$
383,760

OBX 2019-EXP2
July 2019
$
463,405



As of September 30, 2019, a total of $1.8 billion of bonds were held by third parties and the Company retained $512.6 million of mortgage-backed securities, which were eliminated in consolidation. The Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the OBX Trusts because it has power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the OBX Trusts’ performance and holds a variable interest that could be potentially significant to these VIEs. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of these VIEs, but has not elected the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trusts are available from third-party pricing services. The Company incurred $2.6 million and $1.8 million of costs during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $7.3 million and $3.3 million of costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in connection with these securitizations that were expensed as incurred. The contractual principal amount of the OBX Trusts’ debt held by third parties was $1.8 billion at September 30, 2019.
Although the residential mortgage loans have been sold for bankruptcy and state law purposes, the transfers of the residential mortgage loans to the OBX Trusts did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as intercompany secured borrowings that are eliminated upon consolidation.
Credit Facility VIEs
In June 2016, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of September 30, 2019, the borrowing limit on this facility was $500.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as collateral manager and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has pledged as collateral for this facility corporate loans with a carrying amount of $748.8 million at September 30, 2019. The transfers did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as an intercompany secured borrowing that is eliminated upon consolidation. At September 30, 2019, the subsidiary had an intercompany receivable of $434.7 million, which eliminates upon consolidation and a secured financing of $434.7 million to the third party financial institution.
In July 2017, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of September 30, 2019, the borrowing limit on this facility was $250.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as servicer and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has transferred corporate loans to the subsidiary with a carrying amount of $435.5 million at September 30, 2019, which continue to be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition under Loans, net. At September 30, 2019, the subsidiary had a secured financing of $246.7 million to the third party financial institution.
In January 2019, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company (the “Borrower”) entered into a $200.0 million credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of September 30, 2019, the Borrower had a secured financing of $152.2 million to the third party financial institution.
MSR Silo
The Company also owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs and has structured its operations, funding and capitalization into pools of assets and liabilities, each referred to as a “silo.” Owners of variable interests in a given silo are entitled to all of the returns and subjected to the risk of loss on the investments and operations of that silo and have no substantive recourse to the assets of any other silo. While the Company previously held 100% of the voting interests in this entity, in August 2017, the Company sold 100% of such interests, and entered into an agreement with the entity’s affiliated portfolio manager giving the Company the power over the silo in which it owns all of the beneficial interests. As a result, the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates this silo.
The Company’s exposure to the obligations of its VIEs is generally limited to the Company’s investment in the VIEs of $2.7 billion at September 30, 2019. Assets of the VIEs may only be used to settle obligations of the VIEs. Creditors of the VIEs have no

20

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company is not contractually required to provide and has not provided any form of financial support to the VIEs. No gains or losses were recognized upon consolidation of existing VIEs. Interest income and expense are recognized using the effective interest method.
The statements of financial condition of the Company’s VIEs, excluding the CLO, credit facility VIEs and OBX Trusts as the transfers of loans did not meet the criteria to be accounted for as sales, that are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:
September 30, 2019
 
Commercial Trusts
 
Residential Trusts
 
MSR Silo
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
49,579

Loans
—

 
—

 
76,315

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
1,501,408

 
86,176

 
—

Mortgage servicing rights
—

 
—

 
386,051

Principal and interest receivable
5,610

 
454

 
—

Other assets
—

 
—

 
27,612

Total assets
$
1,507,018

 
$
86,630

 
$
539,557

Liabilities
 

 
 

 
 

Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse)
$
1,364,112

 
$
66,478

 
$
—

Other secured financing
—

 
—

 
44,061

Payable for unsettled trades
—

 
—

 
17,817

Interest payable
2,207

 
157

 
—

Other liabilities
—

 
193

 
2,723

Total liabilities
$
1,366,319

 
$
66,828

 
$
64,601

 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Commercial Trusts
 
Residential Trusts
 
MSR Silo
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
30,444

Loans
—

 
—

 
97,464

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
2,738,369

 
105,003

 
—

Mortgage servicing rights
—

 
—

 
557,813

Principal and interest receivable
11,451

 
539

 
—

Other assets
—

 
4

 
28,756

Total assets
$
2,749,820

 
$
105,546

 
$
714,477

Liabilities
 

 
 
 
 

Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse)
$
2,509,264

 
$
71,324

 
$
—

Other secured financing
—

 
—

 
68,385

Interest payable
4,594

 
238

 
—

Other liabilities
—

 
—

 
1,975

Total liabilities
$
2,513,858

 
$
71,562

 
$
70,360

 
 

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total loan unpaid principal balances related to the Company’s VIEs, excluding the credit facility VIEs, OBX Trusts and CLO, at September 30, 2019 are as follows:


21

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Securitized Loans at Fair Value Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk
Commercial Trusts
 
Residential Trusts
Property Location
 
Principal Balance
 
% of Balance
 
Property Location
 
Principal Balance
 
% of Balance
(dollars in thousands)
Texas
 
$
476,312

 
20.2
%
 
California
 
$
37,268

 
44.2
%
California
 
459,310

 
19.5
%
 
Texas
 
11,202

 
13.3
%
New York
 
353,800

 
15.0
%
 
Illinois
 
7,102

 
8.4
%
Florida
 
163,995

 
7.0
%
 
Washington
 
5,895

 
7.0
%
North Carolina
 
123,026

 
5.2
%
 
Other (1)
 
22,889

 
27.1
%
Other (1)
 
779,654

 
33.1
%
 
 
 


 


Total
 
$
2,356,097

 
100.0
%
 
Total
 
$
84,356

 
100.0
%
 
(1) 
No individual state greater than 5%.

9. REAL ESTATE
 
Real estate investments are carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost includes all costs necessary to bring the asset to the condition and location necessary for its intended use, including financing during the construction period.  Costs directly related to acquisitions deemed to be business combinations are expensed. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Major replacements and improvements that extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized and depreciated over their useful life.
Real estate investments are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, summarized as follows:
Category
Term
Building and building improvements
1 - 44 years
Furniture and fixtures
1 - 4 years

There was no real estate acquired in settlement of residential mortgage loans at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018 other than real estate held by securitization trusts that the Company was required to consolidate. The Company would be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a residential mortgage loan, so that the loan is derecognized and the real estate property would be recognized, if either (i) the Company obtains legal title to the residential real estate property upon completion of a foreclosure or (ii) the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement.
Real estate investments, including REO, that do not meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale are separately presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as held for investment. Real estate held for sale is reported at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Once a property is determined to be held for sale, depreciation is no longer recorded.
The Company’s real estate portfolio (REO and real estate held for investment) is reviewed on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value of its operating real estate may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. A property’s value is considered impaired if the Company’s estimate of the aggregate future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the property is less than the carrying value of the property. In conducting this review, the Company considers U.S. macroeconomic factors, including real estate sector conditions, together with asset specific and other factors. To the extent impairment has occurred and is considered to be other than temporary, the loss will be measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the property over the calculated fair value of the property.
The Company acquired real estate holdings in connection with the MTGE Acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2018; refer to the “Acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp.” Note for additional information. There were no acquisitions of new real estate holdings during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The company sold one of its wholly owned triple net leased properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 for $6.7 million and recognized a gain on sale of $2.7 million.
The weighted average amortization period for intangible assets and liabilities at September 30, 2019 is 5.2 years.  Above market leases and leasehold intangible assets are included in Intangible assets, net and below market leases are included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

22

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Real estate, net
(dollars in thousands)
Land
$
128,114

 
$
128,742

Buildings and improvements
582,555

 
581,320

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
11,058

 
11,602

Subtotal
721,727

 
721,664

Less: accumulated depreciation
(84,065
)
 
(67,026
)
Total real estate held for investment, at amortized cost, net
637,662

 
654,638

Equity in unconsolidated joint ventures
87,846

 
84,835

Total real estate, net
$
725,508

 
$
739,473

 


Depreciation expense was $6.0 million and $17.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Depreciation expense was $4.5 million and $11.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Depreciation expense is included in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Rental Income

The minimum rental amounts due under leases are generally either subject to scheduled fixed increases or adjustments. The leases generally also require that the tenants reimburse the Company for certain operating costs. Rental income is included in Other income (loss) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Approximate future minimum rents to be received over the next five years and thereafter for non-cancelable operating leases in effect at September 30, 2019 for consolidated investments in real estate are as follows:
September 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)
$
16,193

2020
48,094

2021
47,444

2022
43,597

2023
40,804

Later years
213,676

Total
$
409,808

 


10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
 
Derivative instruments include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, options to enter into interest rate swaps (“swaptions”), TBA derivatives, options on TBA securities (“MBS options”), U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures contracts and certain forward purchase commitments.  The Company may also enter into other types of mortgage derivatives such as interest-only securities, credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index and synthetic total return swaps. 

23

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

In connection with the Company’s investment/market rate risk management strategy, the Company economically hedges a portion of its interest rate risk by entering into derivative financial instrument contracts, which include interest rate swaps, swaptions and futures contracts. The Company may also enter into TBA derivatives, MBS options and U.S. Treasury or Eurodollar futures contracts, certain forward purchase commitments and credit derivatives to economically hedge its exposure to market risks. The purpose of using derivatives is to manage overall portfolio risk with the potential to generate additional income for distribution to stockholders. These derivatives are subject to changes in market values resulting from changes in interest rates, volatility, Agency mortgage-backed security spreads to U.S. Treasuries and market liquidity. The use of derivatives also creates exposure to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these instruments fail to perform their obligations under the stated contract. Additionally, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the derivative transactions, the amount of which may vary based on the market value and terms of the derivative contract. In the case of market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps, the Company may make or receive a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swaps, which represents fair value of these swaps, to compensate for the out of market nature of such interest rate swaps. Subsequent changes in fair value from inception of these interest rate swaps are reflected within Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Similar to other interest rate swaps, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the MAC interest rate swap transactions. In the event of a default by the counterparty, the Company could have difficulty obtaining its pledged collateral as well as receiving payments in accordance with the terms of the derivative contracts.
Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. 
The Company also maintains collateral in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to its interest rate swaps and other derivatives. In accordance with a clearing organization’s rulebook, the Company presents the fair value of centrally cleared interest rate swaps net of variation margin pledged under such transactions. At September 30, 2019, $1.1 billion of variation margin was reported as an adjustment to interest rate swaps, at fair value.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements – Interest rate swap agreements are the primary instruments used to mitigate interest rate risk.  In particular, the Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to changing interest rates on its repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings. The Company may enter into interest rate swap agreements where the floating leg is linked to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the overnight index swap rate or another index. Interest rate swap agreements may or may not be cleared through a derivatives clearing organization (“DCO”). Uncleared interest rate swaps are fair valued using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market values. Centrally cleared interest rate swaps, including MAC interest rate swaps, are generally fair valued using the DCO’s market values. If an interest rate swap is terminated, the realized gain (loss) on the interest rate swap would be equal to the difference between the cash received or paid and fair value.
Swaptions – Swaptions are purchased or sold to mitigate the potential impact of increases or decreases in interest rates.  Interest rate swaptions provide the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for a predetermined notional amount, stated term and pay and receive interest rates in the future.  The Company’s swaptions are not centrally cleared.  The premium paid or received for swaptions is reported as an asset or liability in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. If a swaption expires unexercised, the realized gain (loss) on the swaption would be equal to the premium received or paid. If the Company sells or exercises a swaption, the realized gain or loss on the swaption would be equal to the difference between the cash received or the fair value of the underlying interest rate swap received and the premium paid.
The fair value of swaptions is estimated using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market value.
TBA Dollar Rolls – TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for as a series of derivative transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities.
MBS Options – MBS options are generally options on TBA contracts, which help manage mortgage market risks and volatility while providing the potential to enhance returns.  MBS options are over-the-counter traded instruments and those written on current-coupon mortgage-backed securities are typically the most liquid.  MBS options are measured at fair value using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market value at the valuation date.
Futures Contracts – Futures contracts are derivatives that track the prices of specific assets or benchmark rates. Short sales of futures contracts help to mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the portfolio performance. The Company maintains margin accounts which are settled daily with Futures Commission Merchants (“FCMs”). The margin requirement varies based on the market value of the open positions and the equity retained in the account. Futures contracts are fair valued based on exchange pricing.

24

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Forward Purchase Commitments – The Company may enter into forward purchase commitments with counterparties whereby the Company commits to purchasing residential mortgage loans at a particular price, provided the residential mortgage loans close with the counterparties. The counterparties are required to deliver the committed loans on a “best efforts” basis.
Credit Derivatives – The Company may enter into credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index, such as the CMBX index, and synthetic total return swaps.
The table below summarizes fair value information about our derivative assets and liabilities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
Derivatives Instruments
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Assets
 
(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps
 
$
2,556

 
$
48,114

Interest rate swaptions
 
39,251

 
7,216

TBA derivatives
 
15,706

 
141,688

Futures contracts
 
102,400

 
—

Purchase commitments
 
3,787

 
844

Credit derivatives (1)
 
5,055

 
2,641

 
 
$
168,755

 
$
200,503

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
$
861,067

 
$
420,365

TBA derivatives
 
28,373

 
—

Futures contracts
 
80,563

 
462,309

Purchase commitments
 
1,074

 
33

Credit derivatives (1)
 
1,338

 
7,043

 
 
$
972,415

 
$
889,750

 
(1) 
The notional amount of the credit derivatives in which the Company purchased protection was $15.0 million and $30.0 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The maximum potential amount of future payments is the notional amount of credit derivatives in which the Company sold protection of $410.0 million and $451.0 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, plus any coupon shortfalls on the underlying tranche. The credit derivative tranches referencing the basket of bonds had a range of ratings between AA and BBB-.

25

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s interest rate swaps at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
Maturity
Current Notional (1)(2)
 
Weighted Average Pay Rate (3)(4)
 
Weighted Average Receive Rate (3)
 
Weighted Average Years to Maturity (3)
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years
$
41,234,400

 
1.62
%
 
2.11
%
 
1.42
3 - 6 years
12,815,950

 
1.91
%
 
2.19
%
 
4.58
6 - 10 years
16,071,500

 
2.23
%
 
2.29
%
 
9.24
Greater than 10 years
3,060,000

 
3.76
%
 
2.11
%
 
18.14
Total / Weighted average
$
73,181,850

 
1.88
%
 
2.16
%
 
4.32
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
Maturity
Current Notional (1)(2)
 
Weighted Average
Pay Rate
 
Weighted Average Receive Rate
 
Weighted Average Years to Maturity
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years
$
31,900,200

 
1.84
%
 
2.73
%
 
1.21
3 - 6 years
16,603,200

 
2.29
%
 
2.70
%
 
4.30
6 - 10 years
18,060,900

 
2.57
%
 
2.56
%
 
8.62
Greater than 10 years
3,901,400

 
3.63
%
 
2.59
%
 
17.33
Total / Weighted average
$
70,465,700

 
2.17
%
 
2.68
%
 
4.26
 

(1)
As of September 30, 2019, 81% and 19% of the Company’s interest rate swaps were linked to LIBOR and the overnight index swap rate, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, all of the Company’s interest rate swaps were linked to LIBOR.
(2)
Notional amount includes $130.0 million forward starting pay fixed swaps at September 30, 2019. There were no forward starting swaps at December 31, 2018.
(3)
Excludes forward starting swaps.
(4)
Weighted average fixed rate on forward starting pay fixed swaps was 1.59% at September 30, 2019.

The following table presents swaptions outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
September 30, 2019
 
 
Current Underlying Notional
 
Weighted Average Underlying Fixed Rate
 
Weighted Average Underlying Floating Rate
 
Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity
 
Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long Pay
 
$5,175,000
 
2.57%
 
3M LIBOR
 
9.55
 
7.23
Long Receive
 
$2,000,000
 
1.49%
 
3M LIBOR
 
10.55
 
6.47
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Current Underlying Notional
 
Weighted Average Underlying Fixed Rate
 
Weighted Average Underlying Floating Rate
 
Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity
 
Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long Pay
 
$4,075,000
 
3.30%
 
3M LIBOR
 
10.08
 
3.06


26

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s TBA derivatives at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
September 30, 2019
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs
Notional
 
Implied Cost Basis
 
Implied Market Value
 
Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts
$
10,823,000

 
$
10,999,389

 
$
10,986,722

 
(12,667
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs
Notional
 
Implied Cost Basis
 
Implied Market Value
 
Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts
$
13,803,000

 
$
13,823,109

 
$
13,964,797

 
141,688


 The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s futures derivatives at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
 
Notional - Long
Positions
 
Notional - Short
Positions
 
Weighted Average
Years to Maturity
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury futures - 5 year
—

 
(5,314,900
)
 
4.42
U.S. Treasury futures - 10 year and greater
2,600,000

 
(5,151,400
)
 
10.03
Total
$
2,600,000

 
$
(10,466,300
)
 
7.75
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Notional - Long
Positions
 
Notional - Short
Positions
 
Weighted Average
Years to Maturity
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury futures - 2 year
$
—

 
$
(1,166,000
)
 
1.97
U.S. Treasury futures - 5 year
—

 
(6,359,400
)
 
4.39
U.S. Treasury futures - 10 year and greater
—

 
(11,152,600
)
 
7.10
Total
$
—

 
$
(18,678,000
)
 
5.86
 

 
The Company presents derivative contracts on a gross basis on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Derivative contracts may contain legally enforceable provisions that allow for netting or setting off receivables and payables with each counterparty.

27

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables present information about derivative assets and liabilities that are subject to such provisions and can potentially be offset on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
September 30, 2019
 
 
 
Amounts Eligible for Offset
 
 
 
Gross Amounts
 
Financial Instruments
 
Cash Collateral
 
Net Amounts
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps, at fair value
$
2,556

 
$
(2,291
)
 
$
—

 
$
265

Interest rate swaptions, at fair value
39,251

 
—

 
—

 
39,251

TBA derivatives, at fair value
15,706

 
(7,208
)
 
—

 
8,498

Futures contracts, at fair value
102,400

 
(37,973
)
 
—

 
64,427

Purchase commitments
3,787

 
—

 
—

 
3,787

Credit derivatives
5,055

 
(1,026
)
 
—

 
4,029

Liabilities
 
Interest rate swaps, at fair value
$
861,067

 
$
(2,291
)
 
$
(121,915
)
 
$
736,861

TBA derivatives, at fair value
28,373

 
(7,208
)
 
—

 
21,165

Futures contracts, at fair value
80,563

 
(37,973
)
 
(42,590
)
 
—

Purchase commitments
1,074

 
—

 
—

 
1,074

Credit derivatives
1,338

 
(1,026
)
 
(312
)
 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Amounts Eligible for Offset
 
 
 
Gross Amounts
 
Financial Instruments
 
Cash Collateral
 
Net Amounts
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps, at fair value
$
48,114

 
$
(29,308
)
 
$
—

 
$
18,806

Interest rate swaptions, at fair value
7,216

 
—

 
—

 
7,216

TBA derivatives, at fair value
141,688

 
—

 
—

 
141,688

Purchase commitments
844

 
—

 
—

 
844

Credit derivatives
2,641

 
(2,641
)
 
—

 
—

Liabilities
 
Interest rate swaps, at fair value
$
420,365

 
$
(29,308
)
 
$
(11,856
)
 
$
379,201

Futures contracts, at fair value
462,309

 
—

 
(462,309
)
 
—

Purchase commitments
33

 
—

 
—

 
33

Credit derivatives
7,043

 
(2,641
)
 
(4,402
)
 
—


 
The effect of interest rate swaps on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:
 
Location on Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps
 
Realized Gains (Losses) on Termination of Interest Rate Swaps
 
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Interest Rate Swaps
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
88,466

 
$
(682,602
)
 
$
(326,309
)
September 30, 2018
$
51,349

 
$
575

 
$
417,203

For the nine months ended
 
September 30, 2019
$
306,154

 
$
(1,438,349
)
 
$
(1,992,884
)
September 30, 2018
$
34,664

 
$
1,409

 
$
1,737,963



28

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The effect of other derivative contracts on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments
Realized Gain (Loss)
 
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives
$
93,919

 
$
(46,124
)
 
$
47,795

Net interest rate swaptions
(2,778
)
 
(4,571
)
 
(7,349
)
Futures
(424,268
)
 
364,613

 
(59,655
)
Purchase commitments
—

 
(348
)
 
(348
)
Credit derivatives
1,784

 
885

 
2,669

Total
 
 
 
 
$
(16,888
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Derivative Instruments
Realized Gain (Loss)
 
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives
$
8,569

 
$
(85,741
)
 
$
(77,172
)
Net interest rate swaptions
(28,754
)
 
(17,663
)
 
(46,417
)
Futures
(114,317
)
 
327,787

 
213,470

Purchase commitments
—

 
(841
)
 
(841
)
Credit derivatives
3,096

 
1,676

 
4,772

Total
 
 
 
 
$
93,812

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments
Realized Gain (Loss)
 
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives
$
481,865

 
$
(154,355
)
 
$
327,510

Net interest rate swaptions
(44,088
)
 
7,935

 
(36,153
)
Futures
(1,430,450
)
 
484,146

 
(946,304
)
Purchase commitments
—

 
1,903

 
1,903

Credit derivatives
5,285

 
9,301

 
14,586

Total
 
 
 
 
$
(638,458
)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Derivative Instruments
Realized Gain (Loss)
 
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives
$
(299,560
)
 
$
(56,701
)
 
$
(356,261
)
Net interest rate swaptions
(85,854
)
 
53,557

 
(32,297
)
Futures
443,314

 
14,959

 
458,273

Purchase commitments
—

 
(416
)
 
(416
)
Credit derivatives
7,498

 
4,060

 
11,558

Total
 
 
 
 
$
80,857

 

Certain of the Company’s derivative contracts are subject to International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements or other similar agreements which may contain provisions that grant counterparties certain rights with respect to the applicable agreement upon the occurrence of certain events such as (i) a decline in stockholders’ equity in excess of specified thresholds or dollar amounts over set periods of time, (ii) the Company’s failure to maintain its REIT status, (iii) the Company’s failure to comply with limits on the amount of leverage, and (iv) the Company’s stock being delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.

29

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Upon the occurrence of any one of items (i) through (iv), or another default under the agreement, the counterparty to the applicable agreement has a right to terminate the agreement in accordance with its provisions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with the aforementioned features that are in a net liability position at September 30, 2019 was approximately $781.2 million, which represents the maximum amount the Company would be required to pay upon termination. This amount is fully collateralized.


11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 
The Company follows fair value guidance in accordance with GAAP to account for its financial instruments that are accounted for at fair value. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
GAAP requires classification of financial instruments into a three-level hierarchy based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).
If the inputs used to measure the financial instruments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest priority input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or disclosed in the related notes are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to overall fair value.
The Company designates its securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity depending upon the type of security and the Company’s intent and ability to hold such security to maturity. Securities classified as available-for-sale and trading are reported at fair value on a recurring basis.
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments carried at fair value. These methodologies are applied to assets and liabilities across the three-level fair value hierarchy, with the observability of inputs determining the appropriate level.
Futures contracts are valued using quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets and are classified as Level 1.
Residential Securities, interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivatives are valued using quoted prices or internally estimated prices for similar assets using internal models. The Company incorporates common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security including coupon, prepayment speeds, periodic and life caps, rate reset period and expected life of the security in its estimates of fair value. Fair value estimates for residential mortgage loans are generated by a discounted cash flow model and are primarily based on observable market-based inputs including discount rates, prepayment speeds, delinquency levels, and credit losses. Management reviews and indirectly corroborates its estimates of the fair value derived using internal models by comparing its results to independent prices provided by dealers in the securities and/or third party pricing services. Certain liquid asset classes, such as Agency fixed-rate pass-throughs, may be priced using independent sources such as quoted prices for TBA securities.
Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swap and swaption markets, TBA derivatives and MBS options are considered to be active markets such that participants transact with sufficient frequency and volume to provide transparent pricing information on an ongoing basis. The liquidity of the Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options markets and the similarity of the Company’s securities to those actively traded enable the Company to observe quoted prices in the market and utilize those prices as a basis for formulating fair value measurements. Consequently, the Company has classified Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral. Consequently, commercial real estate debt investments carried at fair value are classified as Level 2.
For the fair value of debt issued by securitization vehicles, refer to the Note titled “Variable Interest Entities” for additional information.

30

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The Company classifies its investments in MSRs as Level 3 in the fair value measurements hierarchy. Fair value estimates for these investments are obtained from models, which use significant unobservable inputs in their valuations. These valuations primarily utilize discounted cash flow models that incorporate unobservable market data inputs including prepayment rates, delinquency levels, costs to service and discount rates. Model valuations are then compared to valuations obtained from third-party pricing providers. Management reviews the valuations received from third-party pricing providers and uses them as a point of comparison to modeled values. The valuation of MSRs requires significant judgment by management and the third-party pricing providers. Assumptions used for which there is a lack of observable inputs may significantly impact the resulting fair value and therefore the Company’s financial statements. 
The following tables present the estimated fair values of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.
September 30, 2019
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency mortgage-backed securities
$
—

 
$
114,462,524

 
$
—

 
$
114,462,524

Credit risk transfer securities
—

 
474,765

 
—

 
474,765

Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities
—

 
1,015,921

 
—

 
1,015,921

   Commercial mortgage-backed securities
—

 
140,851

 
—

 
140,851

Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans
—

 
1,219,402

 
—

 
1,219,402

Mortgage servicing rights
—

 
—

 
386,051

 
386,051

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
—

 
3,878,139

 
—

 
3,878,139

Derivative assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
—

 
2,556

 
—

 
2,556

Other derivatives
102,400

 
63,799

 
—

 
166,199

Total assets
$
102,400

 
$
121,257,957

 
$
386,051

 
$
121,746,408

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt issued by securitization vehicles
—

 
3,856,082

 
—

 
3,856,082

Derivative liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
—

 
861,067

 
—

 
861,067

Other derivatives
80,563

 
30,785

 
—

 
111,348

Total liabilities
$
80,563

 
$
4,747,934

 
$
—

 
$
4,828,497

 

31

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

December 31, 2018
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
Securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency mortgage-backed securities
$
—

 
$
90,752,995

 
$
—

 
$
90,752,995

Credit risk transfer securities
—

 
552,097

 
—

 
552,097

Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities
—

 
1,161,938

 
—

 
1,161,938

   Commercial mortgage-backed securities
—

 
156,758

 
—

 
156,758

Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans
—

 
1,359,806

 
—

 
1,359,806

Mortgage servicing rights
—

 
—

 
557,813

 
557,813

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles
—

 
3,833,200

 
—

 
3,833,200

Derivative assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
—

 
48,114

 
—

 
48,114

Other derivatives
—

 
152,389

 
—

 
152,389

Total assets
$
—

 
$
98,017,297

 
$
557,813

 
$
98,575,110

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt issued by securitization vehicles
$
—

 
$
3,347,062

 
$
—

 
$
3,347,062

Derivative liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
—

 
420,365

 
—

 
420,365

Other derivatives
462,309

 
7,076

 
—

 
469,385

Total liabilities
$
462,309

 
$
3,774,503

 
$
—

 
$
4,236,812

 

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The Company considers unobservable inputs to be those for which market data is not available and that are developed using the best information available to us about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset. Relevant inputs vary depending on the nature of the instrument being measured at fair value. The sensitivities of significant unobservable inputs along with interrelationships between and among the significant unobservable inputs and their impact on the fair value measurements are described below. The effect of a change in a particular assumption in the sensitivity analysis below is considered independently from changes in any other assumptions. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions may not always have a linear effect on the inputs discussed below. Interrelationships may also exist between observable and unobservable inputs. Such relationships have not been included in the discussion below. For each of the individual relationships described below, the inverse relationship would also generally apply. For MSRs, in general, increases in the discount, prepayment or delinquency rates or in annual servicing costs in isolation would result in a lower fair value measurement. A decline in interest rates could lead to higher-than-expected prepayments of mortgages underlying the Company’s investments in MSRs, which in turn could result in a decline in the estimated fair value of MSRs. Refer to the Note titled “Mortgage Servicing Rights” for additional information.
The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for Level 3 MSRs. The table does not give effect to the Company’s risk management practices that might offset risks inherent in these Level 3 investments.
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input (1)
 
Range (Weighted Average )
 
Unobservable Input (1)
 
Range (Weighted Average )
Discounted cash flow
Discount rate
 
9.0% -12.0% (9.3%)
 
Discount rate
 
9.0% -12.0% (9.4%)
 
Prepayment rate 
 
6.8% - 30.0% (15.7%)
 
Prepayment rate 
 
4.7% - 13.9% (8.0%)
 
Delinquency rate
 
0.0% - 4.0% (2.1%)
 
Delinquency rate
 
0.0% - 5.0% (2.3%)
 
Cost to service 
 
$81 - $131 ($106)
 
Cost to service 
 
$82 - $138 ($110)
(1)    Represents rates, estimates and assumptions that the Company believes would be used by market participants when valuing these assets.


The following table summarizes the estimated fair values for financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

32

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

 
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Level in
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
Financial assets
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment (1)
3
 
$
1,421,434

 
$
1,434,293

 
$
1,296,803

 
$
1,303,487

Commercial loans held for sale, net
3
 
—

 
—

 
42,184

 
42,184

Corporate debt, held for investment
2
 
2,115,783

 
2,073,721

 
1,887,182

 
1,863,524

Financial liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
1,2
 
$
102,682,104

 
$
102,682,104

 
$
81,115,874

 
$
81,115,874

Other secured financing
1,2
 
4,466,030

 
4,466,210

 
4,183,311

 
4,183,805

Mortgage payable
3
 
485,657

 
529,198

 
511,056

 
507,770

(1)    Includes assets of a consolidated VIE.

 
12.  GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
Goodwill
The Company’s acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method if the acquisition is deemed to be a business. Under the acquisition method, net assets and results of operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The purchase prices are allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. Conversely, any excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired over the purchase price is recognized as a bargain purchase gain.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently when events or circumstances may make it more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. If a qualitative analysis indicates that there may be an impairment, a quantitative analysis is performed.  The quantitative impairment test for goodwill utilizes a two-step approach, whereby the Company compares the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit is greater than its fair value, the second step is performed, where the implied fair value of goodwill is compared to its carrying value. The Company recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its fair value.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, goodwill totaled $71.8 million.

Intangible assets, net
Finite life intangible assets are amortized over their expected useful lives. The following table presents the activity of finite lived intangible assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Intangible Assets, net
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
29,039

Intangible assets divested
(147
)
Less: amortization expense
(5,803
)
Balance at September 30, 2019
$
23,089

 


13. SECURED FINANCING
 
Reverse Repurchase and Repurchase Agreements – The Company finances a significant portion of its assets with repurchase agreements. At the inception of each transaction, the Company assessed each of the specified criteria in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing, and has determined that each of the financing agreements meet the specified criteria in this guidance.
The Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements to earn a yield on excess cash balances. The Company obtains collateral in connection with the reverse repurchase agreements in order to mitigate credit risk exposure to its counterparties.

33

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty and the same maturity are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition when the terms of the agreements meet the criteria to permit netting. The Company reports cash flows on repurchase agreements as financing activities and cash flows on reverse repurchase agreements as investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The Company had outstanding $102.7 billion and $81.1 billion of repurchase agreements with weighted average borrowing rates of 2.24% and 2.36%, after giving effect to the Company’s interest rate swaps used to hedge cost of funds, and weighted average remaining maturities of 45 days and 77 days at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company has select arrangements with counterparties to enter into repurchase agreements for $1.1 billion with remaining capacity of $895.4 million at September 30, 2019.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the repurchase agreements had the following remaining maturities, collateral types and weighted average rates: 
September 30, 2019
 
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
CRTs
 
Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
Commercial
Loans
 
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
Total Repurchase Agreements
 
Weighted Average Rate  
 
(dollars in thousands)
1 day
$
19,451,333

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
19,451,333

 
2.76
%
2 to 29 days
32,145,933

 
195,190

 
670,750

 
—

 
159,008

 
33,170,881

 
2.46
%
30 to 59 days
15,114,797

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
23,665

 
15,138,462

 
2.64
%
60 to 89 days
19,846,591

 
30,964

 
154,159

 
103,938

 
3,926

 
20,139,578

 
2.26
%
90 to 119 days
5,077,560

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5,077,560

 
2.44
%
Over 120 days (1)
9,513,621

 
—

 
60,957

 
100,676

 
29,036

 
9,704,290

 
2.18
%
Total
$
101,149,835

 
$
226,154

 
$
885,866

 
$
204,614

 
$
215,635

 
$
102,682,104

 
2.48
%
 

December 31, 2018
 
Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
CRTs
 
Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
Commercial
Loans
 
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
 
U.S. Treasury Securities
 
Total Repurchase Agreements
 
Weighted
Average
Rate
 
(dollars in thousands)
1 day
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
—
%
2 to 29 days
30,661,001

 
284,906

 
353,429

 
—

 
72,840

 
640,465

 
32,012,641

 
3.50
%
30 to 59 days
8,164,165

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,164,165

 
2.33
%
60 to 89 days
18,326,399

 
88,630

 
251,441

 
—

 
23,302

 
—

 
18,689,772

 
2.62
%
90 to 119 days
10,067,183

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
10,067,183

 
2.54
%
Over 120 days (1)
11,263,625

 
—

 
116,434

 
693,939

 
108,115

 
—

 
12,182,113

 
2.92
%
Total
$
78,482,373

 
$
373,536

 
$
721,304

 
$
693,939

 
$
204,257

 
$
640,465

 
$
81,115,874

 
2.97
%
 

 (1) 
Less than 1% and approximately 1% of the total repurchase agreements had a remaining maturity over 1 year at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
 
The following table summarizes the gross amounts of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements, amounts offset in accordance with netting arrangements and net amounts of repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for information related to the effect of netting arrangements on the Company’s derivative instruments.
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
 
Repurchase Agreements
 
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
 
Repurchase Agreements
 
(dollars in thousands)
Gross amounts
$
550,000

 
$
103,232,104

 
$
650,040

 
$
81,115,874

Amounts offset
(550,000
)
 
(550,000
)
 
—

 
—

Netted amounts
$
—

 
$
102,682,104

 
$
650,040

 
$
81,115,874

 


34

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements


The fair value of collateral received in connection with reverse repurchase agreements was $0 and $650.0 million, which the Company fully repledged, as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Other Secured Financing - The Company also finances a portion of its financial assets with advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB Des Moines”). Borrowings from FHLB Des Moines are reported in Other secured financing in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.  At September 30, 2019, $90.0 million of advances from the FHLB Des Moines matures in less than one year and $3.5 billion matures between one to three years. At December 31, 2018, $3.6 billion of advances from the FHLB Des Moines matured between one to three years. The weighted average rate of the advances from the FHLB Des Moines was 2.48% and 2.78% at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company held $147.9 million of capital stock in the FHLB Des Moines at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, which is reported at cost and included in Other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Investments pledged as collateral under secured financing arrangements and interest rate swaps, excluding residential and senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs, had an estimated fair value and accrued interest of $113.7 billion and $367.9 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019 and $90.2 billion and $303.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018.


35

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

Mortgage loans payable at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, were as follows:
September 30, 2019
Property
Mortgage
Carrying Value
 
Mortgage
Principal
 
Interest Rate
 
Fixed/Floating
Rate
 
Maturity Date
 
Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures
$
316,535

 
$
318,625

 
4.03% - 4.96%
 
Fixed
 
2024 - 2029
 
First liens
Joint Ventures
16,003

 
16,325

 
L+2.15%
 
Floating
 
2/27/2022
 
First liens
Virginia
83,412

 
85,193

 
2.34% - 4.55%
 
Fixed
 
2036 - 2053
 
First liens
   Texas
31,799

 
33,311

 
3.28%
 
Fixed
 
1/1/2048 and 1/1/2053
 
First liens
Utah
9,706

 
9,706

 
L+3.50%
 
Floating
 
1/31/2020
 
First liens
Utah
7,104

 
7,122

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Minnesota
13,292

 
13,326

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Wisconsin
7,806

 
7,827

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Total
$
485,657

 
$
491,435

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2018
Property
Mortgage
Carrying Value
 
Mortgage
Principal
 
Interest Rate
 
Fixed/Floating
Rate
 
Maturity Date
 
Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures
$
316,275

 
$
318,664

 
4.03% - 4.96%
 
Fixed
 
2024 - 2029
 
First liens
Joint Ventures
16,125

 
16,125

 
L+2.75%
 
Floating
 
3/14/2020
 
First liens
Virginia
95,827

 
97,667

 
2.75% - 4.96%
 
Fixed
 
2019 - 2053
 
First liens
   Texas
32,189

 
33,735

 
3.28%
 
Fixed
 
1/1/2053
 
First liens
Utah
9,703

 
9,706

 
L+3.50%
 
Floating
 
1/31/2019
 
First liens
Utah
7,279

 
7,201

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Minnesota
13,438

 
13,473

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Tennessee
12,328

 
12,350

 
4.01%
 
Fixed
 
9/6/2019
 
First liens
Wisconsin
7,892

 
7,913

 
3.69%
 
Fixed
 
6/1/2053
 
First liens
Total
$
511,056

 
$
516,834

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


The following table details future mortgage loan principal payments at September 30, 2019:
Mortgage Loan Principal Payments
(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)
$
804

2020
12,989

2021
3,491

2022
20,034

2023
3,844

Later years
450,273

Total
$
491,435

 



36

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

14. CAPITAL STOCK
 
(A)
Common Stock

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s common shares authorized, and issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
 
Shares authorized
 
Shares issued and outstanding
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Par Value
Common stock
2,914,850,000

 
1,924,050,000

 
1,437,964,466

 
1,313,763,450

$0.01

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, the Company granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $753.8 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, the Company granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $113.1 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
In June 2019, the Company announced that its board of directors (“Board”) had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company repurchased 18.3 million shares of its common stock for an aggregate amount of $155.0 million, excluding commission costs. All common shares purchased were part of a publicly announced plan in open-market transactions.
The following table provides a summary of activity related to the Company’s Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program.
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program
 
180,000

 
245,000

Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program
 
$
1,795

 
$
2,584


In January 2018, the Company entered into separate Distribution Agency Agreements (collectively, the “Sales Agreements”) with each of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated, Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC and UBS Securities LLC (the “Sales Agents”). The Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion from time to time through any of the Sales Agents. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company issued 56.0 million shares for proceeds of $569.1 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 24.0 million shares for proceeds of $251.1 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.

(B)
Preferred Stock

The following is a summary of the Company’s cumulative redeemable preferred stock outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Company’s then outstanding preferred stock takes precedence over the Company’s common stock with respect to payment of dividends and the distribution of assets.

37

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

 
Shares Authorized
 
Shares Issued And Outstanding
 
Carrying Value
Contractual Rate
Earliest Redemption Date (1)
Date At Which Dividend Rate Becomes Floating
Floating Annual Rate
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Fixed-rate
 
(dollars in thousands)
Series C
—

 
7,000,000

 
—

 
7,000,000

 
$
—

 
$
169,466

7.625%
5/16/2017
NA
NA
Series D
18,400,000

 
18,400,000

 
18,400,000

 
18,400,000

 
445,457

 
445,457

7.50%
9/13/2017
NA
NA
Series H
—

 
2,200,000

 
—

 
2,200,000

 
—

 
55,000

8.125%
5/22/2019
NA
NA
Fixed-to-floating rate
Series F
28,800,000

 
28,800,000

 
28,800,000

 
28,800,000

 
696,910

 
696,910

6.95%
9/30/2022
9/30/2022
3M LIBOR + 4.993%
Series G
19,550,000

 
19,550,000

 
17,000,000

 
17,000,000

 
411,335

 
411,335

6.50%
3/31/2023
3/31/2023
3M LIBOR + 4.172%
Series I
18,400,000

 
—

 
17,700,000

 
—

 
428,324

 
—

6.75%
6/30/2024
6/30/2024
3M LIBOR + 4.989%
Total
85,150,000

 
75,950,000

 
81,900,000

 
73,400,000

 
$
1,982,026

 
$
1,778,168

 
 
 
 
 
(1)    Subject to the Company’s right under limited circumstances to redeem preferred stock earlier in order to preserve its qualification as a REIT or under limited circumstances related to a change in control of the Company.

Each series of preferred stock has a par value of $0.01 per share and a liquidation and redemption price of $25.00, plus accrued and unpaid dividends through their redemption date. Through September 30, 2019, the Company had declared and paid all required quarterly dividends on the Company’s preferred stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company redeemed all 7.0 million of its issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”) for $175.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series C Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of July 21, 2019.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company redeemed all 2.2 million of its issued and outstanding shares of 8.125% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series H Preferred Stock”) for $55.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series H Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of May 31, 2019.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company issued 17.7 million shares of its 6.750% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series I Preferred Stock”) for gross proceeds of $442.5 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 17.0 million shares of its 6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”) for gross proceeds of $425.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses and
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 2.2 million shares of its Series H Preferred Stock in connection with the acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. Refer to the “Acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp.” Note for additional information related to the Company’s Series H Preferred Stock.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company redeemed 5.0 million shares of its Series C Preferred Stock for $125.0 million and all 11.5 million of its issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”) for $287.5 million.
The Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock and Series I Preferred Stock rank senior to the common stock of the Company.











38

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

(C)
Distributions to Stockholders

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s dividend distribution activity for the periods presented:
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards
$
359,736

 
$
365,488

 
$
1,158,629

 
$
1,062,685

Distributions declared per common share
$
0.25

 
$
0.30

 
$
0.80

 
$
0.90

Distributions paid to common stockholders after period end
$
359,491

 
$
102,811

 
$
359,491

 
$
102,811

Distributions paid per common share after period end
$
0.25

 
$
0.08

 
$
0.25

 
$
0.08

Date of distributions paid to common stockholders after period end
October 31, 2019

 
October 31, 2018

 
October 31, 2019

 
October 31, 2018

Dividends declared to series C preferred stockholders
$
742

 
$
3,336

 
$
7,414

 
$
10,987

Dividends declared per share of series C preferred stock (1)
$
0.106

 
$
0.477

 
$
1.060

 
$
1.430

Dividends declared to series D preferred stockholders
$
8,625

 
$
8,625

 
$
25,875

 
$
25,875

Dividends declared per share of series D preferred stock
$
0.469

 
$
0.469

 
$
1.407

 
$
1.406

Dividends declared to series E preferred stockholders
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
2,253

Dividends declared per share of series E preferred stock
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
0.196

Dividends declared to series F preferred stockholders
$
12,510

 
$
12,510

 
$
37,530

 
$
37,530

Dividends declared per share of series F preferred stock
$
0.434

 
$
0.434

 
$
1.303

 
$
1.303

Dividends declared to series G preferred stockholders
$
6,906

 
$
6,906

 
$
20,718

 
$
19,875

Dividends declared per share of series G preferred stock
$
0.406

 
$
0.406

 
$
1.219

 
$
1.169

Dividends declared to series H preferred stockholders
$
—

 
$
298

 
$
1,862

 
$
298

Dividends declared per share of series H preferred stock
$
—

 
$
0.135

 
$
0.846

 
$
0.135

Dividends declared to series I preferred stockholders
$
7,668

 
$
—

 
$
7,668

 
$
—

Dividends declared per share of series I preferred stock
$
0.436

 
$
—

 
$
0.436

 
$
—


(1) 
Includes dividends declared per share for shares outstanding at September 30, 2018.

15.  INTEREST INCOME AND INTEREST EXPENSE
 
Refer to the note titled “Significant Accounting Policies” for details surrounding the Company’s accounting policy related to net interest income on securities and loans.
The following table summarizes the interest income recognition methodology for Residential Securities:

39

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

 
Interest Income Methodology
Agency
 
Fixed-rate pass-through (1)
Effective yield (3)
Adjustable-rate pass-through (1)
Effective yield (3)
Multifamily (1)
Contractual Cash Flows
CMO (1)
Effective yield (3)
Reverse mortgages (2)
Prospective
Interest-only (2)
Prospective
Residential credit
 
CRT (2)
Prospective
Alt-A (2)
Prospective
Prime (2)
Prospective
Subprime (2)
Prospective
NPL/RPL (2)
Prospective
Prime jumbo (2)
Prospective
Prime jumbo interest-only (2)
Prospective
(1)    Changes in fair value are recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
(2)    Changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
(3)    Effective yield is recalculated for differences between estimated and actual prepayments and the amortized cost is adjusted as if the new effective yield had been applied since inception.


40

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

The following presents the components of the Company’s interest income and interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018.
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Interest income
(dollars in thousands)
Residential Securities
$
784,228

 
$
680,037

 
$
2,271,893

 
$
2,122,375

Residential mortgage loans (1)
37,673

 
21,184

 
102,689

 
55,557

Commercial investment portfolio (1) (2)
87,946

 
97,531

 
281,029

 
249,331

U.S. Treasury securities

—

 
160

 
—

 
160

Reverse repurchase agreements
9,452

 
17,684

 
57,472

 
45,466

Total interest income
$
919,299

 
$
816,596

 
$
2,713,083

 
$
2,472,889

Interest expense
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
699,838

 
445,535

 
1,962,999

 
1,177,384

Debt issued by securitization vehicles
34,524

 
29,391

 
102,882

 
63,244

Other
32,543

 
26,047

 
98,936

 
70,458

Total interest expense
766,905

 
500,973

 
2,164,817

 
1,311,086

Net interest income
$
152,394

 
$
315,623

 
$
548,266

 
$
1,161,803

 
(1)    Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles.
(2)    Includes commercial real estate debt and preferred equity and corporate debt.


16.  NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
 
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and shares used in calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018.
 
For the Three Months Ended
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income (loss)
$
(747,169
)
 
$
385,429

 
$
(3,372,833
)
 
$
2,309,020

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly
(747,059
)
 
385,578

 
(3,372,539
)
 
2,309,297

Dividends on preferred stock (1)
36,151

 
31,675

 
101,067

 
96,818

Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders
$
(783,210
)
 
$
353,903

 
$
(3,473,606
)
 
$
2,212,479

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding-basic
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Add: Effect of stock awards, if dilutive
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Weighted average shares of common  stock outstanding-diluted
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Diluted
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88


(1) 
The three months ended September 30, 2019 exclude cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on the Company’s Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.
No options to purchase shares of common stock were outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Options to purchase 0.2 million shares of common stock were outstanding and considered anti-dilutive as their exercise price and option expense exceeded the average stock price for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

17.  INCOME TAXES
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2019 the Company was qualified to be taxed as a REIT under Code Sections 856 through 860. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. To maintain qualification as a REIT, the Company must distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income

41

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

to its stockholders and meet certain other requirements that relate to, among other things, assets it may hold, income it may generate and its stockholder composition. It is generally the Company’s policy to distribute 100% of its REIT taxable income. To the extent there is any undistributed REIT taxable income at the end of a year, the Company distributes such shortfall within the next year as permitted by the Code.
The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Annaly TRS, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of Mountain Merger Sub Corp., have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs.  As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon their taxable income.
The provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), clarify the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in financial statements and prescribe a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. ASC 740 also requires that interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits be recognized in the financial statements. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits that would affect its financial position. Thus, no accruals for penalties and interest were deemed necessary at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
The state and local tax jurisdictions for which the Company is subject to tax-filing obligations recognize the Company’s status as a REIT, and therefore, the Company generally does not pay income tax in such jurisdictions. The Company may, however, be subject to certain minimum state and local tax filing fees as well as certain excise, franchise or business taxes. The Company’s TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded ($6.9) million and ($10.2) million, respectively, of income tax benefit attributable to its TRSs. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded ($7.1) million and ($3.3) million, respectively of income tax benefit attributable to its TRSs. The Company’s federal, state and local tax returns from 2016 and forward remain open for examination.

18.  RISK MANAGEMENT
 
The primary risks to the Company are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk and credit risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the Company’s control. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with the interest bearing liabilities, by affecting the spread between the interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates can also affect the value of the interest earning assets and the Company’s ability to realize gains from the sale of these assets. A decline in the value of the interest earning assets pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements and derivative contracts could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral or liquidating some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.
The Company may seek to mitigate the potential financial impact by entering into interest rate agreements such as interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and other hedges.
Weakness in the mortgage market, the shape of the yield curve and changes in the expectations for the volatility of future interest rates may adversely affect the performance and market value of the Company’s investments. This could negatively impact the Company’s book value. Furthermore, if many of the Company’s lenders are unwilling or unable to provide additional financing, the Company could be forced to sell its investments at an inopportune time when prices are depressed. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating risks, including conducting scenario and sensitivity analyses and utilizing a range of hedging strategies.
The payment of principal and interest on the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities, which exclude CRT securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, is guaranteed by those respective agencies and the payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Substantially all of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities have an actual or implied “AAA” rating.
The Company faces credit risk on the portions of its portfolio which are not guaranteed by the respective Agency or by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The Company is exposed to credit risk on CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, real estate investments, commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, CRT securities, other non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt. MSR values may also be adversely impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. The Company is exposed to risk of loss if an issuer, borrower, tenant or counterparty fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, limiting transactions with specific counterparties, maintaining qualifying collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of issuers, borrowers, tenants and counterparties.

42

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements


19.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
Management Agreement
The Company and the Manager have entered into a management agreement pursuant to which the Company’s management is conducted by the Manager through the authority delegated to it in the Management Agreement and pursuant to the policies established by the Board (the “Externalization”). The management agreement was effective as of July 1, 2013 and was amended on November 5, 2014, amended and restated on April 12, 2016, amended and restated on August 1, 2018, and amended on March 27, 2019 (the management agreement, as amended and restated, is referred to as “Management Agreement”).
Under the Management Agreement, the Manager, subject to the supervision and direction of the Board, is responsible for (i) the selection, purchase and sale of assets for the Company’s investment portfolio; (ii) recommending alternative forms of capital raising; (iii) supervising the Company’s financing and hedging activities; and (iv) day to day management functions. The Manager also performs such other supervisory and management services and activities relating to the Company’s assets and operations as may be appropriate. In exchange for the management services, the Company pays the Manager a monthly management fee, and the Manager is responsible for providing personnel to manage the Company. Prior to the most recent amendment to the Management Agreement, which was executed on March 27, 2019, the Company had paid the Manager a flat monthly management fee equal to 1/12th of 1.05% of Stockholders’ Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) for its management services. Pursuant to the March 27, 2019 amendment to the Management Agreement, the Company now pays the Manager a monthly management fee for its management services in an amount equal to 1/12th of the sum of (i) 1.05% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) up to $17.28 billion, and (ii) 0.75% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) in excess of $17.28 billion. The Company does not pay the Manager any incentive fees.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the compensation and management fee was $41.2 million and $130.2 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the compensation and management fee was $46.0 million and $136.1 million, respectively.
Following the unanimous approval of the Company’s independent directors (the “Independent Directors”), in August 2018, the Company began reimbursing the Manager for certain services in connection with the management and operations of the Company and its subsidiaries as permitted under the terms of the Management Agreement. Such reimbursable expenses include the cost for certain legal, tax, accounting and other support and advisory services provided by employees of the Manager to the Company. Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Company may reimburse the Manager for the cost of such services, provided such costs are no greater than those that would be payable to comparable third party providers. As part of an expense management initiative undertaken by the Manager, expense reimbursement payments were voluntarily waived for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Expense reimbursements and related waivers are routinely reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Board in conformance with established policies. Reimbursement payments to the Manager were $14.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. None of the reimbursement payments are attributable to compensation of the Company’s executive officers.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 the Company had amounts payable to the Manager of $12.7 million and $16.0 million, respectively.
The Management Agreement’s current term ends on December 31, 2019 and will automatically renew for successive two-year terms unless at least two-thirds of the Independent Directors or the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock in their sole discretion elect to terminate the agreement for any or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice (such notice, a “Termination Notice”).
If the Company makes an election to terminate the Management Agreement, the Company may elect to accelerate the termination date (the “Termination Date”) to a date that is between seven and 90 days after the date of the Company’s delivery of a Termination Notice (the “Notice Delivery Date”). If the Company does not make an election to accelerate the Termination Date, then the Manager may elect to accelerate the Termination Date to the date that is 90 days after the Notice Delivery Date. If the Termination Date is accelerated (such date, the “Accelerated Termination Date”) by either the Company or the Manager, in addition to any amounts accrued for the period prior to the Accelerated Termination Date, the Company shall pay the Manager an acceleration fee (the “Acceleration Fee”) in an amount equal to the average annual management fee earned by the Manager during the 24-month period immediately preceding such Accelerated Termination Date multiplied by a fraction with a numerator of 365 minus the number of days from the Notice Delivery Date to the Accelerated Termination Date, and a denominator of 365.
The Management Agreement may also be terminated by the Manager for any reason or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice, or with shorter notice periods by either the Company or the Manager for cause or by the Company in the event of a sale of the Manager that was not pre-approved by the Independent Directors.
The Management Agreement may be amended or modified by agreement between the Company and the Manager.

43

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements



44

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

20.  LEASE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
The Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2019 with no impact to retained earnings or other components of equity. The Company’s operating leases are primarily comprised of a corporate office lease with a remaining lease term of six years. The corporate office lease includes an option to extend for up to five years, however the extension term was not included in the operating lease liability calculation. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease cost for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $0.8 million and $2.4 million, respectively.
Supplemental information related to leases as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was as follows:
 
Operating Leases
Classification
September 30, 2019
 
 
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Other assets
$
16,427

 
Liabilities
 
Operating lease liabilities (1)
Other liabilities
$
21,217

 
Lease term and discount rate
 
Weighted average remaining lease term
 
5.9 years
 
Weighted average discount rate (1)
 
2.9%
 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
 
   Operating cash flows from operating leases
 
$
2,784

 
(1)     As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments.


The following table provides details related to maturities of lease liabilities:
 
Maturity of Lease Liabilities
Years ending December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)
$
928

2020
3,799

2021
3,918

2022
3,862

2023
3,862

Later years
6,757

Total lease payments
$
23,126

Less imputed interest
1,909

Present value of lease liabilities
$
21,217

 

Contingencies
From time to time, the Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. There were no material contingencies at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.


45

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

21.  ARCOLA REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
 
Arcola is the Company’s wholly owned and consolidated broker-dealer. Arcola is subject to regulations of the securities business that include but are not limited to trade practices, use and safekeeping of funds and securities, capital structure, recordkeeping and conduct of directors, officers and employees. 
Arcola is a member of various clearing organizations with which it maintains cash required to conduct its day-to-day clearance activities. Arcola enters into reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements as part of its matched book trading activity. Reverse repurchase agreements are recorded on settlement date at the contractual amount and are collateralized by mortgage-backed or other securities. Arcola generates income from the spread between what is earned on the reverse repurchase agreements and what is paid on the matched repurchase agreements. Arcola’s policy is to obtain possession of collateral with a market value in excess of the principal amount loaned under reverse repurchase agreements. To ensure that the market value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, collateral is valued daily, and Arcola will require counterparties to deposit additional collateral, when necessary.  All reverse repurchase activities are transacted under master repurchase agreements or other documentation that give Arcola the right, in the event of default, to liquidate collateral held and in some instances, to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty.
As a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), Arcola is required to maintain a minimum net capital balance. At September 30, 2019 Arcola had a minimum net capital requirement of $0.3 million. Arcola consistently operates with capital in excess of its regulatory capital requirements. Arcola’s regulatory net capital as defined by SEC Rule 15c3-1, at September 30, 2019 was $397.3 million with excess net capital of $397.0 million.

22.  ACQUISITION OF MTGE INVESTMENT CORP.
 
On September 7, 2018, Mountain Merger Sub Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, completed its acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. (“MTGE”), an externally managed hybrid mortgage REIT, for aggregate consideration to MTGE common shareholders of $906.2 million, consisting of $455.9 million in equity consideration and $450.3 million in cash consideration (the “MTGE Acquisition”). The Company issued 43.6 million shares of common stock as part of the consideration for the MTGE Acquisition. In addition, as part of the MTGE Acquisition, each share of MTGE 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (each, a “MTGE Preferred Share”), that was outstanding as of immediately prior to the completion of the MTGE Acquisition was converted into one share of a newly-designated series of the Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, which the Company classified and designated as Series H Preferred Stock, and which have rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers substantially the same as a MTGE Preferred Share.
The MTGE Acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 805 Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Under ASC 805, an acquisition does not qualify as a business combination if the acquisition does not meet the definition of a business. GAAP defines a business as an integrated set of activities and assets that is capable of being conducted and managed for the purpose of providing a return in the form of dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly to investors or other owners, members, or participants. Since the Company did not acquire the external management agreement with the MTGE’s third party manager, there were no substantive processes acquired as part of the acquisition. Therefore, the MTGE Acquisition was not considered a business combination.
Under ASC 805, an asset acquisition is accounted for under the cost accumulation model which allocates the cost of the acquisition which generally includes direct transaction costs to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of relative fair value with certain exceptions including financial assets and current assets. These exceptions are excluded from the cost accumulation method since recognizing these assets at amounts other than their fair value would result in a subsequent gain or loss upon re-measurement.The allocation of the consideration paid as part of the transaction and its assignment to the initial carrying value of the MTGE portfolio is noted in the below table.

46

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

 
September 2018
Consideration transferred
(dollars in thousands)
Cash
$
450,287

Common equity
455,943

Preferred shares
 
Exchange of MTGE preferred stock for Annaly preferred stock
55,000

Total consideration
$
961,230

Net assets
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
191,953

Securities
4,111,930

Real estate, net
277,648

Derivative assets
18,629

Reverse repurchase agreements
938,251

Receivable for unsettled trades
6,809

Principal receivable
44,462

Interest receivable
14,282

Intangible assets, net
14,483

Other assets
50,105

Total assets acquired
5,668,552

Repurchase agreements
3,561,816

Mortgages payable
201,629

U.S. Treasury securities sold, not yet purchased
934,149

Derivative liabilities
2,498

Interest payable
22,220

Dividends payable
819

Other liabilities
28,715

Total liabilities assumed
4,751,846

Net assets acquired
$
916,706



47

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 1. Financial Statements

23.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 

In October 2019, the Company completed and closed its fifth securitization of residential mortgage loans for the 2019 calendar year, OBX 2019-EXP3 Trust, with a face value of $465.5 million. The securitization represented a financing transaction which provided non-recourse financing to the Company collateralized by residential mortgage loans purchased by the Company.

In October 2019, the Company repurchased 7.9 million shares of its common stock for an aggregate amount of $68.2 million, excluding commission costs, under the Company’s stock repurchase program.




48

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this quarterly report, and certain statements contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”), in our press releases or in our other public or stockholder communications contain or incorporate by reference certain forward-looking statements which are based on various assumptions (some of which are beyond our control) and may be identified by reference to a future period or periods or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “continue,” or similar terms or variations on those terms or the negative of those terms. Actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates; changes in the yield curve; changes in prepayment rates; the availability of mortgage-backed securities and other securities for purchase; the availability of financing and, if available, the terms of any financing; changes in the market value of our assets; changes in business conditions and the general economy; our ability to grow our commercial business; our ability to grow our residential credit business; our ability to grow our middle market lending business; credit risks related to our investments in credit risk transfer securities, residential mortgage-backed securities and related residential mortgage credit assets, commercial real estate assets and corporate debt; risks related to investments in MSRs; our ability to consummate any contemplated investment opportunities; changes in government regulations or policy affecting our business; our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, see “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake, and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. All references to “Annaly,” “we,” “us,” or “our” mean Annaly Capital Management, Inc. and all entities owned by us, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company.  Refer to the section titled “Glossary of Terms” located at the end of this Item 2 for definitions of commonly used terms in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.


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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

INDEX TO ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
  
Page
Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments
 

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Overview
We are a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and to preserve capital through prudent selection of investments and continuous management of our portfolio. We are a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a REIT. We are externally managed by Annaly Management Company LLC (“Manager”). Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “NLY.”
We use our capital coupled with borrowed funds to invest primarily in real estate related investments, earning the spread between the yield on our assets and the cost of our borrowings and hedging activities.
For a full discussion of our business, refer to the section titled “Business Overview” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Business Environment
U.S. Treasuries continued to rally in the third quarter of 2019. In August 2019, financial markets anticipated a marked slowdown in growth and inflation expectation as global manufacturing data continued to disappoint and the U.S.-China trade dispute underwent a sharp escalation. For the third quarter of 2019, the Treasury curve bull flattened with 30-year bonds rallying over 40 basis points (“bps”) and 2-year U.S. Treasury rates lowering by 13 bps. Prior to this shift in sentiment in August 2019, spread products including Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) had performed well with spreads tighter across coupons. However, the rally in rates in August 2019, combined with the risk-off sentiment, pushed spreads wider across the spectrum. This was particularly negative for Agency MBS. Even before the rally, the faster than expected August prepayment report had sharply reduced carry in generic new issue Agency MBS. The rally in rates ensured that this carry is unlikely to increase meaningfully over the next few months. Agency MBS performance in August as measured by the Bloomberg MBS excess index was one of the worst months since the financial crisis of 2008. However, as rates stabilized towards the end of the quarter, attractive valuation caused mortgages to perform well in September 2019. Overall, for the third quarter of 2019, Agency MBS were only modestly wider than the previous quarter and risk assets were relatively unchanged. But, the headline numbers do not fully capture the volatility in the price action throughout the quarter.
Looking forward, Agency MBS are attractive from a valuation perspective on both an absolute and relative comparison to other high credit quality spread products. However, carry over the near-term has been eroded by fast short-term prepayment speeds and elevated financing rates, making it less likely that investor demand will increase meaningfully over the next few months despite current attractive valuations. Absent a further rally in rates, refinancing activity is likely to moderate over time and seasonal factors should push housing turnover activity lower. Meanwhile, economic fundamentals remain relatively healthy as described further below, in turn supporting our investments in credit sectors, which have seen healthy performance in 2019 so far.
Turning to financing, Agency repo rates remained elevated throughout the quarter, which culminated in the sharp increase in overnight money market interest rates in mid-September, as too little cash had to finance too much debt issuance. The spike in financing rates necessitated the Federal Reserve (“Fed”) to alleviate the shortage of liquidity by supplying more ample bank reserves both temporarily as well as through a more permanent expansion of its balance sheet. Following the Fed’s measures, overnight and shorter-term repo markets have largely normalized. We believe that the added liquidity, combined with the lower short-term interest rates following three Fed rate cuts, will improve MBS carry in coming quarters.

Economic Environment
The pace of economic growth slowed from its growth rate in the second quarter of 2019, with gross domestic product (“GDP”) registering an annualized 1.9% growth rate in the third quarter of 2019. Economic growth nonetheless included robust personal consumption, which contributed 1.9% to the annualized GDP growth rate, to offset slowdowns in other sectors of the economy.
Inflation remained below the Fed’s 2% target in the second quarter of 2019 as measured by the year-over-year changes in the Personal Consumption Expenditure Chain Price Index (“PCE”). The headline PCE measure increased by 1.3% year-over-year in September 2019. The more stable core PCE measure, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, registered an increase of 1.7% year-over-year, on a broad-based slowdown in price increases in a number of inflation-components. The Fed expects the core and headline PCE measures to rebound to levels close to their 2% target over the medium term following the shift in monetary policy seen in the quarter.
The Fed currently conducts monetary policy with a dual mandate: full employment and price stability. The unemployment rate fell from 3.7% to 3.5% during the third quarter of 2019, remaining below the Fed’s estimate of the long-run unemployment rate of 4.2%, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics and Federal Reserve Board. The economy added 157,000 jobs per month in the second quarter of 2019, down from 223,000 jobs added per month in 2018. Wage growth, as measured by the year-over-year

51

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

change in private sector Average Hourly Earnings, slowed, reading 2.9% in the month of September 2019 compared to 3.2% in the month of June 2019. 
During the third quarter of 2019, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) reduced the Federal Funds Target Rate by a combined 50 bps to a range of 1.75% - 2.00% given continued disappointing economic growth overseas, a slowdown in the manufacturing sector growth, and increased downside risks to the U.S. economy. Going forward, market participants expect the FOMC to ease further to help sustain the economic expansion. Based on market pricing after the 25 bps cut delivered at the October 2019 FOMC meeting, there is an implied eighty percent chance that the Fed will reduce the Federal Funds Target Rate by an additional 25 bps by the end of the first quarter of 2020.  
During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate rallied 34 bps as the shift in Fed communications lowered interest rates, while concerns around economic growth supported demand for safe assets, such as U.S. Treasuries. The mortgage basis, or the spread between the 30-year Agency mortgage-backed security coupon and 10-year U.S. Treasury rate, widened as mortgage-backed securities saw more supply as a result of increased refinancing activity at lower interest rate levels.
The following table presents interest rates and spreads at each date presented:
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
September 30, 2018
30-Year mortgage current coupon
2.61%
 
3.50%
 
3.81%
Mortgage basis
95 bps
 
82 bps
 
75 bps
10-Year U.S. Treasury rate
1.66%
 
2.68%
 
3.06%
LIBOR
 
 
 
 
 
1-Month
2.02%
 
2.50%
 
2.26%
6-Month
2.06%
 
2.88%
 
2.60%
 
 
London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) Transition
We have established a cross-functional LIBOR transition committee to determine our transition plan and facilitate an orderly transition to alternative reference rates. Our plan includes steps to evaluate exposure, review contracts, assess impact to our businesses, processes and technology and define a communication strategy with shareholders, regulators and other stakeholders. The committee also continues to engage with industry working groups and other market participants regarding the transition.

Results of Operations
The results of our operations are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control. Certain of such risks and uncertainties are described herein (see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above) and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
This Management Discussion and Analysis section contains analysis and discussion of financial results computed in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and non-GAAP measurements. To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide non-GAAP financial measures to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers.
Please refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.

Net Income (Loss) Summary
The following table presents financial information related to our results of operations as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
 
As of and for the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
As of and for the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest income
$
919,299

 
$
816,596

 
$
2,713,083

 
$
2,472,889

Interest expense
766,905

 
500,973

 
2,164,817

 
1,311,086

Net interest income
152,394

 
315,623

 
548,266

 
1,161,803

Realized and unrealized gains (losses)
(875,406
)
 
199,716

 
(3,796,814
)
 
1,339,051

Other income (loss)
35,074

 
(10,643
)
 
93,757

 
57,550

Less: General and administrative expenses
66,138

 
126,509

 
228,283

 
252,800

Income (loss) before income taxes
(754,076
)
 
378,187

 
(3,383,074
)
 
2,305,604

Income taxes
(6,907
)
 
(7,242
)
 
(10,241
)
 
(3,416
)
Net income (loss)
(747,169
)
 
385,429

 
(3,372,833
)
 
2,309,020

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly
(747,059
)
 
385,578

 
(3,372,539
)
 
2,309,297

Less: Dividends on preferred stock (1)
36,151

 
31,675

 
101,067

 
96,818

Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders
$
(783,210
)
 
$
353,903

 
$
(3,473,606
)
 
$
2,212,479

Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders
Basic
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Diluted
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Diluted
1,453,359,211

 
1,202,353,851

 
1,436,204,582

 
1,174,292,701

Other information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset portfolio at period-end
$
125,840,378

 
$
101,192,482

 
$
125,840,378

 
$
101,192,482

Average total assets
$
130,378,448

 
$
102,397,400

 
$
121,429,243

 
$
101,734,271

Average equity
$
15,465,556

 
$
14,364,856

 
$
15,207,589

 
$
14,386,055

Leverage at period-end (2)
7.3:1

 
5.9:1

 
7.3:1

 
5.9:1

Economic leverage at period-end (3)
7.7:1

 
6.7:1

 
7.7:1

 
6.7:1

Capital ratio (4)
11.2
%
 
12.6
%
 
11.2
%
 
12.6
%
Annualized return on average total assets
(2.29
%)
 
1.51
%
 
(3.70
%)
 
3.03
%
Annualized return on average equity
(19.32
%)
 
10.73
%
 
(29.57
%)
 
21.40
%
Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA) (5)
8.85
%
 
10.85
%
 
10.23
%
 
10.73
%
Net interest margin (6)
0.75
%
 
1.49
%
 
0.95
%
 
1.65
%
Net interest margin (excluding PAA) (5)
1.10
%
 
1.50
%
 
1.29
%
 
1.53
%
Average yield on interest earning assets
2.89
%
 
3.21
%
 
3.02
%
 
3.23
%
Average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) (5)
3.26
%
 
3.22
%
 
3.39
%
 
3.09
%
Average cost of interest bearing liabilities (7)
2.28
%
 
2.08
%
 
2.29
%
 
1.96
%
Net interest spread
0.61
%
 
1.13
%
 
0.73
%
 
1.27
%
Net interest spread (excluding PAA) (5)
0.98
%
 
1.14
%
 
1.10
%
 
1.13
%
Weighted average experienced CPR for the period
14.6
%
 
10.3
%
 
11.0
%
 
9.8
%
Weighted average projected long-term CPR at period-end
16.3
%
 
9.1
%
 
16.3
%
 
9.1
%
Common stock book value per share
$
9.21

 
$
10.03

 
$
9.21

 
$
10.03

Interest income (excluding PAA) (5)
$
1,036,451

 
$
819,982

 
$
3,051,869

 
$
2,365,396

Economic interest expense (5) (7)
$
678,439

 
$
449,624

 
$
1,858,663

 
$
1,276,422

Economic net interest income (excluding PAA) (5)
$
358,012

 
$
370,358

 
$
1,193,206

 
$
1,088,974

Core earnings (5)
$
224,779

 
$
386,280

 
$
827,453

 
$
1,265,244

Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit)
$
117,152

 
$
3,386

 
$
338,786

 
$
(107,493
)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (5)
$
341,931

 
$
389,666

 
$
1,166,239

 
$
1,157,751

Core earnings per common share (5)
$
0.13

 
$
0.29

 
$
0.51

 
$
1.00

PAA cost (benefit) per common share (5)
$
0.08

 
$
0.01

 
$
0.23

 
$
(0.10
)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) per common share (5)
$
0.21

 
$
0.30

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.90

(1)    The three months ended September 30, 2019 exclude cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on our Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.
(2)    Debt consists of repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us.
(3)    Computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity.
(4)    Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs.
(5)    Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.
(6)    Represents the sum of our interest income plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average outstanding TBA contract and CMBX balances.
(7)    Average cost on interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average amortized cost during the period. Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.
 


GAAP
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net income (loss) was ($747.2) million, which includes ($0.1) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($0.54) per average basic common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $385.4 million, which includes ($0.1) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or $0.29 per average basic common share, for the same period in 2018. We attribute the majority of the change in net income (loss) to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps, and higher interest expense, partially offset by favorable changes in net gains (losses) on disposal of investments and higher interest income. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($326.3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $417.2 million for the same period in 2018. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($682.6) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $0.6 million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to these changes. Interest expense increased to $766.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $501.0 million for the same period in 2018, reflecting an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities and higher borrowing rates. Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments was $66.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($324.3) million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to this change. Interest income increased to $919.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $816.6 million for the same period in 2018, reflecting an increase in average Interest Earning Assets.
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net income (loss) was ($3.4) billion, which includes ($0.3) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($2.42) per average basic common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $2.3 billion, which includes ($0.3) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or $1.88 per average basic common share, for the same period in 2018. We attribute the majority of the change in net income (loss) to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps, realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps and net gains (losses) on other derivatives, and higher interest expense, partially offset by lower losses on disposal of investments and higher interest income. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($2.0) billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $1.7 billion for the same period in 2018. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($1.4) billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $1.4 million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($638.5) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $81.9 million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to these changes. Interest expense increased to $2.2 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $1.3 billion for the same period in 2018, reflecting an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities and higher borrowing rates. Net losses on disposal of investments was ($65.7) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($376.9) million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to this change. Interest income increased to $2.7 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $2.5 billion for the same period in 2018, reflecting an increase in average Interest Earning Assets.
Non-GAAP
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Core earnings (excluding premium amortization adjustment (“PAA”)) were $341.9 million, or $0.21 per average common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $389.7 million, or $0.30 per average common share, for the same period in 2018. The change in core earnings (excluding PAA) during the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to an increase in interest expense from higher borrowing rates and an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities, partially offset by higher coupon income resulting from an increase in average Interest Earning Assets and favorable changes in the net interest component of interest rate swaps.
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Core earnings (excluding PAA) were $1.2 billion, or $0.74 per average common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $1.2 billion, or $0.90 per average common share, for the same period in 2018. The change in core earnings (excluding PAA) during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to favorable changes in the net interest component of interest rate swaps and higher coupon income earned resulting from an increase in average Interest Earning Assets, partially offset by an increase in interest expense from higher borrowing rates and an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide the following non-GAAP financial measures.
•
core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA);
•
core earnings attributable to common stockholders and core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA);
•
core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share;
•
annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA);
 
•
interest income (excluding PAA);
•
economic interest expense;
•
economic net interest income (excluding PAA);
•
average yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA);
•
net interest margin (excluding PAA); and
•
net interest spread (excluding PAA).

These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures computed in accordance with GAAP. While intended to offer a fuller understanding of our results and operations, non-GAAP financial measures also have limitations. For example, we may calculate our non-GAAP metrics, such as core earnings, or the PAA, differently than our peers making comparative analysis difficult. Additionally, in the case of non-GAAP measures that exclude the PAA, the amount of amortization expense excluding the PAA is not necessarily representative of the amount of future periodic amortization nor is it indicative of the term over which we will amortize the remaining unamortized premium. Changes to actual and estimated prepayments will impact the timing and amount of premium amortization and, as such, both GAAP and non-GAAP results.
These non-GAAP measures provide additional detail to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers. Additional information pertaining to our use of these non-GAAP financial measures, including discussion of how each such measure may be useful to investors, and reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP results are provided below.

Core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA), core earnings attributable to common stockholders and core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA), core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share and annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA)
Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and to preserve capital through prudent selection of investments and continuous management of our portfolio. We generate net income by earning a net interest spread on our investment portfolio, which is a function of interest income from our investment portfolio less financing, hedging and operating costs.  Core earnings, which is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items) and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items), and core earnings (excluding PAA), which is defined as core earnings excluding the premium amortization adjustment representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities, are used by management and, we believe, used by analysts and investors to measure our progress in achieving our principal business objective.  
We seek to fulfill our principal business objective through a variety of factors including portfolio construction, the degree of market risk exposure and related hedge profile, and the use and forms of leverage, all while operating within the parameters of our capital allocation policy and risk governance framework.
We believe these non-GAAP measures provide management and investors with additional details regarding our underlying operating results and investment portfolio trends by (i) making adjustments to account for the disparate reporting of changes in fair value where certain instruments are reflected in GAAP net income (loss) while others are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss), and (ii) by excluding certain unrealized, non-cash or episodic components of GAAP net income (loss) in order to provide additional transparency into the operating performance of our portfolio. Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA), which is calculated by dividing core earnings (excluding PAA) over average stockholders’ equity, provides investors with additional detail on the core earnings generated by our invested equity capital.

52

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP financial results to non-GAAP core earnings for the periods presented:
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
GAAP net income (loss)
$
(747,169
)
 
$
385,429

 
$
(3,372,833
)
 
$
2,309,020

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(110
)
 
(149
)
 
(294
)
 
(277
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly
(747,059
)
 
385,578

 
(3,372,539
)
 
2,309,297

Adjustments to exclude reported realized and unrealized (gains) losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized (gains) losses on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps
682,602

 
(575
)
 
1,438,349

 
(1,409
)
Unrealized (gains) losses on interest rate swaps
326,309

 
(417,203
)
 
1,992,884

 
(1,737,963
)
Net (gains) losses on disposal of investments
(66,522
)
 
324,294

 
65,727

 
376,943

Net (gains) losses on other derivatives
16,888

 
(94,827
)
 
638,458

 
(81,871
)
Net unrealized (gains) losses on instruments measured at fair value through earnings
1,091

 
39,944

 
(41,657
)
 
139,913

Loan loss provision
3,504

 
—

 
9,207

 
—

Adjustments to exclude components of other (income) loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization expense related to commercial real estate (1)
9,974

 
9,278

 
30,235

 
9,278

Non-core (income) loss allocated to equity method investments (2)
4,541

 
(2,358
)
 
25,364

 
(2,358
)
Non-core other (income) loss (3)

—

 
44,525

 
—

 
44,525

Adjustments to exclude components of general and administrative expenses and income taxes
 
 
 
 
Transaction expenses and non-recurring items (4)
2,622

 
60,081

 
15,650

 
61,600

Income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items
(2,762
)
 
886

 
(5,543
)
 
886

Adjustments to add back components of realized and unrealized (gains) losses
 
 
 
 
TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income (5)
15,554

 
56,570

 
86,917

 
207,414

MSR amortization (6)
(21,963
)
 
(19,913
)
 
(55,599
)
 
(61,011
)
Core earnings (7)
224,779

 
386,280

 
827,453

 
1,265,244

Less
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit)
117,152

 
3,386

 
338,786

 
(107,493
)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (7)
$
341,931

 
$
389,666

 
$
1,166,239

 
$
1,157,751

Dividends on preferred stock (8)
36,151

 
31,675

 
101,067

 
96,818

Core earnings attributable to common stockholders (7)
$
188,628

 
$
354,605

 
$
726,386

 
$
1,168,426

Core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA) (7)
$
305,780

 
$
357,991

 
$
1,065,172

 
$
1,060,933

GAAP net income (loss) per average common share
$
(0.54
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
(2.42
)
 
$
1.88

Core earnings per average common share (7)
$
0.13

 
$
0.29

 
$
0.51

 
$
1.00

Core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share (7)
$
0.21

 
$
0.30

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.90

GAAP return (loss) on average equity
(19.32
%)
 
10.73
%
 
(29.57
%)
 
21.40
%
Core return on average equity (excluding PAA) (7)
8.85
%
 
10.85
%
 
10.23
%
 
10.73
%
(1) 
Includes depreciation and amortization expense related to equity method investments.
(2) 
Represents unrealized (gains) losses allocated to equity interests in a portfolio of MSR and a realized gain on sale within an unconsolidated joint venture, which are components of Other income (loss).
(3) 
Represents the amount of consideration paid for the acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. (“MTGE”) in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired. This amount is primarily attributable to a decline in portfolio valuation between the pricing and closing dates of the transaction and is consistent with changes in market values observed for similar instruments over the same period.
(4) 
Represents costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans. The nine months ended September 30, 2019 also includes costs incurred in connection with the securitization of commercial loans. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 also includes costs incurred in connection with the the MTGE transaction.
(5) 
TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.5 million and $3.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
(6) 
MSR amortization represents the portion of changes in fair value that is attributable to the realization of estimated cash flows on the Company’s MSR portfolio and is reported as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value.
(7) 
Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.
(8) 
The three months ended September 30, 2019 exclude cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on our Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.


From time to time, we enter into TBA forward contracts as an alternate means of investing in and financing Agency mortgage-backed securities. A TBA contract is an agreement to purchase or sell, for future delivery, an Agency mortgage-backed security

53

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

with a specified issuer, term and coupon. A TBA dollar roll represents a transaction where TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates are simultaneously bought and sold. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. The drop is a reflection of the expected net interest income from an investment in similar Agency mortgage-backed securities, net of an implied financing cost, that would be foregone as a result of settling the contract in the later month rather than in the earlier month. The drop between the current settlement month price and the forward settlement month price occurs because in the TBA dollar roll market, the party providing the financing is the party that would retain all principal and interest payments accrued during the financing period. Accordingly, TBA dollar roll income generally represents the economic equivalent of the net interest income earned on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security less an implied financing cost.
TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for under GAAP as a series of derivatives transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities. We record TBA derivatives at fair value on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and recognize periodic changes in fair value as Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), which includes both unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivatives (excluding interest rate swaps).
TBA dollar roll income is calculated as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates multiplied by the notional amount of the TBA contract. Although accounted for as derivatives, TBA dollar rolls capture the economic equivalent of net interest income, or carry, on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security (interest income less an implied cost of financing). TBA dollar roll income is reported as a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 commercial mortgage-backed securities of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of commercial mortgage-backed securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying commercial mortgage-backed securities as they occur. We report income (expense) on CMBX positions in Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The coupon payments received or paid on CMBX positions is equivalent to interest income (expense) and therefore included in core earnings.

Premium Amortization Expense
In accordance with GAAP, we amortize or accrete premiums or discounts into interest income for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, excluding interest-only securities, taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield. We recalculate the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.
Our GAAP metrics include the unadjusted impact of amortization and accretion associated with this method. Certain of our non-GAAP metrics exclude the effect of the PAA, which quantifies the component of premium amortization representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”).
The following table illustrates the impact of the PAA on premium amortization expense for our Residential Securities portfolio for the periods presented:
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Premium amortization expense
$
376,306

 
$
187,537

 
$
942,339

 
$
485,795

Less: PAA cost (benefit)
117,152

 
3,386

 
338,786

 
(107,493
)
Premium amortization expense (excluding PAA)
$
259,154

 
$
184,151

 
$
603,553

 
$
593,288

 

54

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(per average common share)
Premium amortization expense
$
0.26

 
$
0.16

 
$
0.66

 
$
0.41

Less: PAA cost (benefit)
0.08

 
0.01

 
0.23

 
(0.10
)
Premium amortization expense (excluding PAA)
$
0.18

 
$
0.15

 
$
0.43

 
$
0.51

 

Interest income (excluding PAA), economic interest expense and economic net interest income (excluding PAA)
Interest income (excluding PAA) represents interest income excluding the effect of the premium amortization adjustment, and serves as the basis for deriving average yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), net interest spread (excluding PAA) and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which are discussed below. We believe this measure provides management and investors with additional detail to enhance their understanding of our operating results and trends by excluding the component of premium amortization expense representing the cumulative effect of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than interest-only securities), which can obscure underlying trends in the performance of the portfolio.
Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. We use interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to changing interest rates on repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings. Accordingly, adding the net interest component of interest rate swaps to interest expense, as computed in accordance with GAAP, reflects the total contractual interest expense and thus, provides investors with additional information about the cost of our financing strategy. We may use market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. In accordance with GAAP, upfront payments associated with MAC interest rate swaps are not reflected in the net interest component of interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). We did not enter into any MAC interest rate swaps during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
Similarly, economic net interest income (excluding PAA), as computed below, provides investors with additional information to enhance their understanding of the net economics of our primary business operations.
The following tables provide GAAP measures of interest expense and net interest income and details with respect to reconciling the aforementioned line items on a non-GAAP basis for each respective period:
Interest Income (excluding PAA)
 
GAAP Interest Income
 
PAA Cost
(Benefit)
 
Interest Income (excluding PAA)
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
919,299

 
$
117,152

 
$
1,036,451

September 30, 2018
$
816,596

 
$
3,386

 
$
819,982

For the nine months ended
 
September 30, 2019
$
2,713,083

 
$
338,786

 
$
3,051,869

September 30, 2018
$
2,472,889

 
$
(107,493
)
 
$
2,365,396


Economic Interest Expense and Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA)
 
GAAP
Interest
Expense
 
Add: Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps
 
Economic Interest
Expense
 
GAAP Net
Interest
Income
 
Less: Net Interest Component
of Interest Rate Swaps
 
Economic
Net Interest
Income
 
Add: PAA
Cost
(Benefit)
 
Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA)
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
766,905

 
$
(88,466
)
 
$
678,439

 
$
152,394

 
$
(88,466
)
 
$
240,860

 
$
117,152

 
$
358,012

September 30, 2018
$
500,973

 
$
(51,349
)
 
$
449,624

 
$
315,623

 
$
(51,349
)
 
$
366,972

 
$
3,386

 
$
370,358

For the nine months ended
 
September 30, 2019
$
2,164,817

 
$
(306,154
)
 
$
1,858,663

 
$
548,266

 
$
(306,154
)
 
$
854,420

 
$
338,786

 
$
1,193,206

September 30, 2018
$
1,311,086

 
$
(34,664
)
 
$
1,276,422

 
$
1,161,803

 
$
(34,664
)
 
$
1,196,467

 
$
(107,493
)
 
$
1,088,974



55

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Experienced and Projected Long-Term CPR
Prepayment speeds, as reflected by the CPR and interest rates vary according to the type of investment, conditions in financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. In general, as prepayment speeds and expectations of prepayment speeds on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio increase, related purchase premium amortization increases, thereby reducing the yield on such assets. The following table presents the weighted average experienced CPR and weighted average projected long-term CPR on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of and for the periods presented.
 
Experienced CPR (1)
 
Projected Long-term CPR (2)
For the three months ended
 
 
 
September 30, 2019
14.6
%
 
16.3
%
September 30, 2018
10.3
%
 
9.1
%
For the nine months ended
 
 
 
September 30, 2019
11.0
%
 
16.3
%
September 30, 2018
9.8
%
 
9.1
%
(1) 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(2) 
At September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) and Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)
Net interest spread (excluding PAA), which is the difference between the average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) and the average cost of interest bearing liabilities, and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which is calculated as the sum of interest income (excluding PAA) plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average TBA contract and CMBX balances, provide management with additional measures of our profitability that management relies upon in monitoring the performance of the business.
Disclosure of these measures, which are presented below, provides investors with additional detail regarding how management evaluates our performance.
Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA)
 
Average Interest Earning
    Assets (1)
 
Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2)
 
Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA) (2)
 
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities
 
Economic Interest Expense (2)(3)
 
Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities (3)
 
Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2)
 
Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) (2)
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
127,207,668

 
$
1,036,451

 
3.26
%
 
$
116,391,094

 
$
678,439

 
2.28
%
 
358,012

 
0.98
%
September 30, 2018
$
101,704,957

 
$
819,982

 
3.22
%
 
$
86,638,082

 
$
449,624

 
2.08
%
 
370,358

 
1.14
%
For the nine months ended
 
September 30, 2019
$
119,918,692

 
$
3,051,869

 
3.39
%
 
$
107,182,973

 
$
1,858,663

 
2.29
%
 
1,193,206

 
1.10
%
September 30, 2018
$
101,959,145

 
$
2,365,396

 
3.09
%
 
$
87,039,447

 
$
1,276,422

 
1.96
%
 
1,088,974

 
1.13
%
(1)    Based on amortized cost.
(2)    Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.
(3)    Average cost on interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average amortized cost during the period. Economic interest expense is comprised of  GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.


56

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)
 
Interest Income (excluding PAA) (1)
 
TBA Dollar Roll and CMBX Coupon Income (2)
 
Interest Expense
 
Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps
 
Subtotal
 
Average Interest Earnings Assets
 
Average TBA Contract and CMBX Balances
 
Subtotal
 
Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA) (1)
For the three months ended
 
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
1,036,451

 
15,554

 
(766,905
)
 
88,466

 
$
373,566

 
$
127,207,668

 
9,248,502

 
$
136,456,170

 
1.10
%
September 30, 2018
$
819,982

 
56,570

 
(500,973
)
 
51,349

 
$
426,928

 
$
101,704,957

 
12,216,863

 
$
113,921,820

 
1.50
%
For the nine months ended
 
 
September 30, 2019
$
3,051,869

 
86,917

 
(2,164,817
)
 
306,154

 
$
1,280,123

 
$
119,918,692

 
12,311,322

 
$
132,230,014

 
1.29
%
September 30, 2018
$
2,365,396

 
207,414

 
(1,311,086
)
 
34,664

 
$
1,296,388

 
$
101,959,145

 
11,225,007

 
$
113,184,152

 
1.53
%
(1) 
Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.
(2) 
TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.5 million and $3.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. CMBX coupon income totaled $1.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Economic Interest Expense and Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities
Typically, our largest expense is the cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. The table below shows our average Interest Bearing Liabilities and average cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities as compared to average one-month and average six-month LIBOR for the periods presented.

Cost of Funds on Average Interest Bearing Liabilities
 
Average
Interest Bearing
Liabilities
 
Interest Bearing Liabilities at
Period End
 
Economic
Interest
Expense (1)
 
Average
Cost of
Interest
Bearing
Liabilities
 
Average
One-
Month
LIBOR
 
Average
Six-
Month
LIBOR
 
Average
One-Month LIBOR
Relative to
Average Six-
Month LIBOR
 
Average Cost
of Interest
Bearing
Liabilities
Relative to
Average One-
Month LIBOR
 
Average Cost
of Interest
Bearing
Liabilities
Relative to
Average Six-Month LIBOR
For the three months ended
September 30, 2019
$
116,391,094

 
$
111,004,216

 
$
678,439

 
2.28
%
 
2.18
%
 
2.11
%
 
0.07
%
 
0.10
%
 
0.17
%
September 30, 2018
$
86,638,082

 
$
86,981,115

 
$
449,624

 
2.08
%
 
2.11
%
 
2.54
%
 
(0.43
%)
 
(0.03
%)
 
(0.46
%)
For the nine months ended
September 30, 2019
$
107,182,973

 
$
111,004,216

 
$
1,858,663

 
2.29
%
 
2.37
%
 
2.45
%
 
(0.08
%)
 
(0.08
%)
 
(0.16
%)
September 30, 2018
$
87,039,447

 
$
86,981,115

 
$
1,276,422

 
1.96
%
 
1.91
%
 
2.38
%
 
(0.47
%)
 
0.05
%
 
(0.42
%)
(1)     Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Economic interest expense increased by $228.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Economic interest expense increased by $582.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The change in each period was primarily due to an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities and higher rates on repurchase agreements, partially offset by the change in the net interest component of interest rate swaps which was $88.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $51.3 million for the same period in 2018 and $306.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $34.7 million for the same period in 2018.
We do not manage our portfolio to have a pre-designated amount of borrowings at quarter or year end. Our borrowings at period end are a snapshot of our borrowings as of a date, and this number may differ from average borrowings over the period for a number of reasons. The mortgage-backed securities we own pay principal and interest towards the end of each month and the mortgage-backed securities we purchase are typically settled during the beginning of the month. As a result, depending on the amount of mortgage-backed securities we have committed to purchase, we may retain the principal and interest we receive in the prior month, or we may use it to pay down our borrowings. Moreover, we generally use interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivative instruments to hedge our portfolio, and as we pledge or receive collateral under these agreements, our borrowings on any given day may be increased or decreased. Our average borrowings during a quarter may differ from period end borrowings as we implement our portfolio management strategies and risk management strategies over changing market conditions by increasing or decreasing leverage. Additionally, these numbers may differ during periods when we conduct equity capital raises, as in certain instances we may purchase additional assets and increase leverage in anticipation of an equity capital raise. Since our

57

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

average borrowings and period end borrowings can be expected to differ, we believe our average borrowings during a period provide a more accurate representation of our exposure to the risks associated with leverage than our period end borrowings.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the majority of our debt represented repurchase agreements and other secured financing arrangements collateralized by a pledge of our Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate loans. All of our Residential Securities are currently accepted as collateral for these borrowings. However, we limit our borrowings, and thus our potential asset growth, in order to maintain unused borrowing capacity and maintain the liquidity and strength of our balance sheet.

Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) is comprised of net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps, net gains (losses) on disposal of investments, net gains (losses) on other derivatives and net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings. These components of realized and unrealized gains (losses) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps (1)
$
(920,445
)
 
$
469,127

 
$
(3,125,079
)
 
$
1,774,036

Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments
66,522

 
(324,294
)
 
(65,727
)
 
(376,943
)
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives
(16,888
)
 
94,827

 
(638,458
)
 
81,871

Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings
(1,091
)
 
(39,944
)
 
41,657

 
(139,913
)
Loan loss provision
(3,504
)
 
—

 
(9,207
)
 
—

Total
$
(875,406
)
 
$
199,716

 
$
(3,796,814
)
 
$
1,339,051

 
(1)     Includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps, realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps and unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps.

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was ($920.4) million compared to $469.1 million for the same period in 2018, primarily attributable to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($326.3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, reflecting a decline in forward interest rates, compared to $417.2 million for the same period in 2018, reflecting a rise in forward interest rates. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($682.6) million resulting from interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $30.6 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $0.6 million resulting from the termination or maturity of interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $500.0 million for the same period in 2018.
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments was $66.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($324.3) million for the same period in 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $11.1 billion for an aggregate net gain of $76.3 million. For the same period in 2018, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $9.1 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($322.4) million.
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($16.9) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $94.8 million for the same period in 2018. The change in net gains (losses) on other derivatives was primarily comprised of changes in net gains (losses) on futures contracts, which was ($59.7) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $213.5 million for the same period in 2018, net gains (losses) on TBA derivatives, which was $47.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($77.2) million for the same period in 2018, and net gains (losses) on interest rate swaptions, which was ($7.3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($46.4) million for the same period in 2018.
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was ($1.1) million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($39.9) million for the same period in 2018, primarily due to favorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Agency interest-only investments, residential loans, credit risk transfer securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

58

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, a loan loss provision of ($3.5) million was recorded on a commercial mortgage loan. Refer to the “Loans” Note located within Item 1 for additional information related to this loan loss provision. No provision for loan loss was recorded for the same period in 2018.

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was ($3.1) billion compared to $1.8 billion for the same period in 2018, primarily attributable to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and realized gains (losses) on termination of interest rate swaps. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($2.0) billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, reflecting a decline in forward interest rates, compared to $1.7 billion for the same period in 2018, reflecting a rise in forward interest rates. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($1.4) billion resulting from interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $87.4 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $1.4 million resulting from the termination or maturity of interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $750.0 million for the same period in 2018.
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments was ($65.7) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($376.9) million for the same period in 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $30.7 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($50.6) million. For the same period in 2018, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $14.5 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($372.5) million.
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($638.5) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $81.9 million for the same period in 2018. The change in net gains (losses) on other derivatives was primarily comprised of changes in net gains (losses) on futures contracts, which was ($946.3) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to $458.3 million for the same period in 2018, and net gains (losses) on TBA derivatives, which was $327.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($356.3) million for the same period in 2018.
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was $41.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to ($139.9) million for the same period in 2018, primarily due to favorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Agency interest-only investments, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, credit risk transfer securities, residential loans and securitized commercial loans, partially offset by unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, a loan loss provision of ($9.2) million was recorded on commercial mortgage loans. Refer to the “Loans” Note located within Item 1 for additional information related to this loan loss provision. No provision for loan loss was recorded for the same period in 2018.

Other Income (Loss)
Other income (loss) includes certain revenues and costs associated with our investments in commercial real estate, including rental income and recoveries, net servicing income on MSRs, operating costs as well as depreciation and amortization expense. We report in Other income (loss) items whose amounts, either individually or in the aggregate, would not, in the opinion of management, be meaningful to readers of the financial statements. Given the nature of certain components of this line item, balances may fluctuate from period to period.

General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses consist of compensation and management fee and other expenses. The following table shows our total G&A expenses as compared to average total assets and average equity for the periods presented.

G&A Expenses and Operating Expense Ratios
 
Total G&A
Expenses (1)
 
Total G&A Expenses/Average Assets (1)
 
Total G&A Expenses/Average Equity (1)
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
66,138

 
0.20
%
 
1.71
%
September 30, 2018
$
126,509

 
0.49
%
 
3.52
%
For the nine months ended
 
September 30, 2019
$
228,283

 
0.25
%
 
2.00
%
September 30, 2018
$
252,800

 
0.33
%
 
2.34
%


59

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

(1)
Includes $2.6 million of transaction costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Includes $15.7 million of transaction costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans and commercial loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Excluding these transaction costs, G&A expenses as a percentage of average total assets were 0.19% and as a percentage of average equity were 1.64% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Excluding these transaction costs, G&A expenses as a percentage of average total assets were 0.23% and as a percentage of average equity were 1.86% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

G&A expenses were $66.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, a decrease of $60.4 million compared to the same period in 2018. G&A expenses were $228.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, a decrease of $24.5 million compared to the same period in 2018. The change in each period was largely attributable to transactions costs in connection with the MTGE Acquisition in 2018. The change in the nine month period was partially offset by higher transaction costs related to securitizations of residential whole loans in 2019, transaction costs related to a securitization of commercial loans in 2019 and reimbursement payments made to the Manager for certain services in connection with the management and operations of Annaly which commenced during the third quarter of 2018.
Return on Average Equity
The following table shows the components of our annualized return on average equity for the periods presented.
Components of Annualized Return on Average Equity
 
Economic Net Interest Income/ Average Equity (1)
 
Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses/Average Equity (2)
 
Other Income (Loss)/Average Equity
 
G&A Expenses/ Average Equity
 
Income
Taxes/ Average Equity
 
Return on
Average Equity
For the three months ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2019
6.23
%
 
(24.93
%)
 
0.91
 %
 
(1.71
%)
 
0.18
%
 
(19.32
%)
September 30, 2018
10.22
%
 
4.13
%
 
(0.30
%)
 
(3.52
%)
 
0.20
%
 
10.73
%
For the nine months ended
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2019
7.49
%
 
(35.97
%)
 
0.82
 %
 
(2.00
%)
 
0.09
%
 
(29.57
%)
September 30, 2018
11.09
%
 
12.09
%
 
0.53
 %
 
(2.34
%)
 
0.03
%
 
21.40
%
(1)     Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.
(2)     Realized and unrealized gains and losses excludes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments
With our available-for-sale accounting treatment on our Agency mortgage-backed securities, which represent the largest portion of assets on balance sheet, as well as certain commercial mortgage-backed securities, unrealized fluctuations in market values of assets do not impact our GAAP net income (loss) but rather are reflected on our balance sheet by changing the carrying value of the asset and stockholders’ equity under accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As a result of this fair value accounting treatment, our book value and book value per share are likely to fluctuate far more than if we used amortized cost accounting. As a result, comparisons with companies that use amortized cost accounting for some or all of their balance sheet may not be meaningful.
The table below shows cumulative unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale investments reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(dollars in thousands)
Unrealized gain
$
2,473,592

 
$
306,037

Unrealized loss
(159,777
)
 
(2,285,902
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
$
2,313,815

 
$
(1,979,865
)
 

Unrealized changes in the estimated fair value of available-for-sale investments may have a direct effect on our potential earnings and dividends: positive changes will increase our equity base and allow us to increase our borrowing capacity while negative changes tend to reduce borrowing capacity. A very large negative change in the net fair value of our available-for-sale Residential Securities might impair our liquidity position, requiring us to sell assets with the potential result of realized losses upon sale.


60

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The fair value of these securities being less than amortized cost at September 30, 2019 is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets. Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating. The investments are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired because we currently have the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. Also, we are guaranteed payment of the principal and interest amounts of the securities by the respective issuing Agency.

Financial Condition
Total assets were $129.0 billion and $105.8 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The change was primarily due to increases in Agency mortgage-backed securities of $23.7 billion and assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles of $0.9 billion, partially offset by decreases in CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments of $0.7 billion and reverse repurchase agreements of $0.7 billion. Our portfolio composition, net equity allocation and debt-to-net equity ratio by asset class were as follows at September 30, 2019:
 
Residential
Commercial
 
 
 
 
Agency MBS and MSRs
 
TBAs (1)
 
CRTs
 
Non-Agency MBS and Residential Mortgage Loans (2)
 
CRE Debt &
Preferred
Equity
Investments
 
Investments in CRE
 
Corporate Debt
 
Total (3)
 
Assets
(dollars in thousands)
 
Fair value/carrying value
$
114,848,575

 
$
10,986,722

 
$
474,765

 
$
4,612,054

 
$
3,063,693

 
$
725,508

 
$
2,115,783

 
$
125,840,378

 
Debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
101,149,835

 
10,823,000

 
226,154

 
885,866

 
420,249

 
—

 
—

 
102,682,104

 
Other secured financing
2,652,641

 
—

 
—

 
914,607

 
65,139

 
—

 
833,643

 
4,466,030

 
Debt issued by securitization vehicles
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,856,064

 
2,000,018

 
—

 
—

 
3,856,082

 
Net forward purchases
34,580

 
—

 
—

 
17,817

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
52,397

 
Mortgages payable
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
485,657

 
—

 
485,657

 
Net equity allocated
$
11,011,519

 
$
163,722

 
$
248,611

 
$
937,700

 
$
578,287

 
$
239,851

 
$
1,282,140

 
$
14,298,108

(4) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net equity allocated (%)
77
%
 
1
%
 
2
%
 
6
%
 
4
%
 
2
%
 
9
%
 
100
%
 
Debt/net equity ratio
9.4:1

 
NM

 
0.9:1

 
3.9:1

 
4.3:1

 
2.0:1

 
0.7:1

 
7.3:1

(5) 
 
(1)     Fair value/carrying value represents implied market value and repurchase agreements represent the notional value.
(2)     Includes loans held for sale, net.
(3)     Excludes the TBA asset, debt and equity balances.
(4)     Net Equity Allocated, as disclosed in the above table, excludes non-portfolio related activity and may differ from stockholders’ equity per the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
(5)     Represents the debt/net equity ratio as determined using amounts on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
NM    Not meaningful.

Residential Securities
Substantially all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were backed by single-family residential mortgage loans and were secured with a first lien position on the underlying single-family properties. Our mortgage-backed securities were largely Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae pass through certificates or CMOs, which carry an actual or implied “AAA” rating. We carry all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
We accrete discount balances as an increase to interest income over the expected life of the related Interest Earning Assets and we amortize premium balances as a decrease to interest income over the expected life of the related Interest Earning Assets. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 we had on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition a total of $151.4 million and $183.2 million, respectively, of unamortized discount (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and current amortized cost of our Residential Securities acquired at a price below principal value) and a total of $5.4 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, of unamortized premium (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and the current amortized cost of our Residential Securities acquired at a price above principal value).
The weighted average experienced prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was 14.6% and 10.3%, respectively. The weighted average projected long-term prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 was 16.3% and 9.1%, respectively.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Given our current portfolio composition, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to increase over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would decrease during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would be required to amortize our net premium balance into income over a shorter time period. Similarly, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to decrease over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would increase during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would amortize our net premium balance over a longer time period.

62

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following tables present our Residential Securities that were carried at fair value at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Estimated Fair Value
Agency
(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through
$
108,418,062

 
$
83,052,552

Adjustable-rate pass-through
2,415,491

 
4,937,984

CMO
9,966

 
11,221

Interest-only
730,608

 
873,889

Multifamily
2,826,735

 
1,838,565

Reverse mortgages
61,662

 
38,784

Total agency securities
$
114,462,524

 
$
90,752,995

Residential credit
 

 
 
CRT
$
474,765

 
$
552,097

Alt-A
145,637

 
182,361

Prime
269,720

 
343,986

Prime Interest-only
3,657

 
—

Subprime
360,099

 
394,621

NPL/RPL
28,554

 
3,438

Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage)
201,524

 
220,658

Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage) interest-only
6,730

 
16,874

Total residential credit securities
$
1,490,686

 
$
1,714,035

Total Residential Securities
$
115,953,210

 
$
92,467,030

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of our Residential Securities (excluding interest-only mortgage-backed securities) and interest-only mortgage-backed securities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Residential Securities (1)
(dollars in thousands)  
Principal amount
$
108,464,106

 
$
89,579,223

Net premium
4,348,514

 
3,925,803

Amortized cost
112,812,618

 
93,505,026

Amortized cost / principal amount
104.01
%
 
104.38
%
Carrying value
115,211,939

 
91,575,882

Carrying value / principal amount
106.22
%
 
102.23
%
Weighted average coupon rate
3.98
%
 
3.90
%
Weighted average yield
3.05
%
 
3.17
%
Adjustable-rate Residential Securities (1)
 
 
 
Principal amount
$
3,335,155

 
$
6,020,096

Weighted average coupon rate
4.04
%
 
3.47
%
Weighted average yield
3.04
%
 
2.87
%
Weighted average term to next adjustment
10 Months

 
19 Months

Weighted average lifetime cap (2)
8.13
%
 
8.04
%
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities
3.07
%
 
6.72
%
Fixed-rate Residential Securities (1)
 
 
 
Principal amount
$
105,143,876

 
$
83,559,127

Weighted average coupon rate
3.97
%
 
3.93
%
Weighted average yield
3.05
%
 
3.19
%
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities
96.93
%
 
93.28
%
Interest-only Residential Securities
 
 
 
Notional amount
$
5,708,737

 
$
6,867,093

Net premium
913,268

 
1,192,675

Amortized cost
913,268

 
1,192,675

Amortized cost / notional amount
16.00
%
 
17.37
%
Carrying value
740,995

 
891,148

Carrying value / notional amount
12.98
%
 
12.98
%
Weighted average coupon rate
3.13
%
 
3.10
%
Weighted average yield
(0.85
%)
 
1.73
%
(1)     Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities.
(2)     Excludes non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities as this attribute is not applicable to these asset classes.

The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our Residential Credit portfolio at September 30, 2019.
 
 
 
 
Payment Structure
Investment Characteristics
Product
Total
 
Senior
 
Subordinate
 
Coupon
 
Credit Enhancement
 
60+
Delinquencies
 
3M VPR (1)
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer
$
450,908

 
$
—

 
$
450,908

 
5.59
%
 
1.09
%
 
0.39
%
 
15.48
%
Private label credit risk transfer
23,857

 
—

 
23,857

 
7.47
%
 
—
%
 
0.20
%
 
13.41
%
Alt-A
145,637

 
83,805

 
61,832

 
4.57
%
 
12.73
%
 
8.40
%
 
12.35
%
Prime
269,720

 
80,944

 
188,776

 
4.48
%
 
6.94
%
 
3.92
%
 
15.72
%
Prime interest-only
3,657

 
3,657

 
—

 
0.47
%
 
—

 
0.10
%
 
25.33
%
Subprime
360,099

 
125,261

 
234,838

 
2.85
%
 
8.73
%
 
21.81
%
 
6.85
%
Re-performing loan securitizations
28,554

 
28,554

 
—

 
4.20
%
 
17.05
%
 
9.30
%
 
10.52
%
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)
201,524

 
161,417

 
40,107

 
3.96
%
 
15.28
%
 
0.16
%
 
21.28
%
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only
6,730

 
6,730

 
—

 
0.37
%
 
—

 
0.18
%
 
8.02
%
Total/weighted average
$
1,490,686

 
$
490,368

 
$
1,000,318

 
4.71
%
 
7.54
%
 
7.63
%
 
24.40
%
 
(1)    Represents the 3 month voluntary prepayment rate (“VPR”).


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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Bond Coupon
 
 
Product
ARM
 
Fixed
 
Floater
 
Interest-Only
 
Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
450,908

 
$
—

 
$
450,908

Private label credit risk transfer
—

 
—

 
23,857

 
—

 
23,857

Alt-A
31,897

 
94,046

 
19,694

 
—

 
145,637

Prime
91,641

 
178,079

 
—

 
—

 
269,720

Prime interest-only
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,657

 
3,657

Subprime
—

 
33,697

 
326,402

 
—

 
360,099

Re-performing loan securitizations
—

 
28,554

 
—

 
—

 
28,554

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)
—

 
201,524

 
—

 
—

 
201,524

Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only
—

 
—

 
—

 
6,730

 
6,730

Total
$
123,538

 
$
535,900

 
$
820,861

 
$
10,387

 
$
1,490,686

 

Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes the effect on our liquidity and cash flows from contractual obligations at September 30, 2019.  The table does not include the effect of net interest rate payments on our interest rate swap agreements. The net swap payments will fluctuate based on monthly changes in the receive rate. At September 30, 2019, the interest rate swaps had a net fair value of ($858.5) million.
 
Within One
Year
 
One to Three
Years
 
Three to Five
Years
 
More than
Five Years
 
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements
$
102,595,310

 
$
86,794

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
102,682,104

Interest expense on repurchase agreements (1)
296,783

 
728

 
—

 
—

 
297,511

Other secured financing
123,994

 
3,755,087

 
586,949

 
—

 
4,466,030

Interest expense on other secured financing (1)
124,358

 
93,374

 
13,811

 
—

 
231,543

Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal)
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,890,860

 
3,890,860

Interest expense on debt issued by securitization vehicles
142,290

 
189,422

 
178,569

 
2,881,306

 
3,391,587

Mortgages payable (principal)
22,667

 
39,742

 
7,755

 
421,271

 
491,435

Interest expense on mortgages payable
19,797

 
38,811

 
37,736

 
144,871

 
241,215

Long-term operating lease obligations
3,725

 
7,816

 
7,723

 
3,862

 
23,126

Total
$
103,328,924

 
$
4,211,774

 
$
832,543

 
$
7,342,170

 
$
115,715,411

 
(1)  
Interest expense on repurchase agreements and other secured financing calculated based on rates at September 30, 2019.

In the coming periods, we expect to continue to finance our Residential Securities in a manner that is largely consistent with our current operations via repurchase agreements. We may use FHLB Des Moines advances, securitization structures, credit facilities, mortgages payable or other term financing structures to finance certain of our assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we received $11.2 billion from principal repayments and $19.6 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we received $8.7 billion from principal repayments and $9.6 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships which would have been established for the sole purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
We have limited future funding commitments related to certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. In addition, the Company has provided customary non-recourse carve-out and environmental guarantees (or underlying indemnities with respect thereto) with respect to mortgage loans held by subsidiaries of these unconsolidated joint ventures. We believe that the likelihood of making any payments under these guarantees is remote, and have not accrued a related liability at September 30, 2019.

Capital Management
 

Maintaining a strong balance sheet that can support the business even in times of economic stress and market volatility is of critical importance to our business strategy. A strong and robust capital position is essential to executing our investment strategy. Our capital strategy is predicated on a strong capital position, which enables us to execute our investment strategy regardless of the market environment.
Our Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Program (“ICAAP”) framework supports capital measurement, and is integrated within the overall risk governance framework.  The ICAAP framework is designed to align capital measurement with our risk appetite.
Our capital policy defines the parameters and principles supporting a comprehensive capital management practice, including processes that effectively identify, measure and monitor risks impacting capital adequacy. Our capital assessment process considers the precision in risk measures as well as the volatility of exposures and the relative activities producing risk. Parameters used in modeling economic capital must align with our risk appetite.
The major risks impacting capital are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk, credit risk, counterparty risk, operational risk and compliance, regulatory and legal risk. For further discussion of the risks we are subject to, please see Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Capital requirements are based on maintaining levels above approved limits, ensuring the quality of our capital appropriately reflects our asset mix, market and funding structure. As such we use a complement of capital metrics and related threshold levels to measure and analyze our capital from a magnitude and composition perspective. Our policy is to maintain an appropriate amount of available financial resources over the aggregate economic capital requirements.
Available Financial Resources is the actual capital held to protect against the unexpected losses measured in our capital management process and may include:

65

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

•
Common and preferred equity
•
Other forms of equity-like capital
 
•
Surplus credit reserves over expected losses
•
Other loss absorption instruments

In the event we fall short of our internal limits, we will consider appropriate actions which may include asset sales, changes in asset mix, reductions in asset purchases or originations, issuance of capital or other capital enhancing or risk reduction strategies.
  
Stockholders’ Equity
The following table provides a summary of total stockholders’ equity at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Stockholders’ equity
(dollars in thousands)
7.625% Series C cumulative redeemable preferred stock
$
—

 
$
169,466

7.50% Series D cumulative redeemable preferred stock
445,457

 
445,457

6.95% Series F fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock
696,910

 
696,910

6.50% Series G fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock
411,335

 
411,335

8.125% Series H cumulative redeemable preferred stock
—

 
55,000

6.75% Series I fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock
428,324

 
—

Common stock
14,380

 
13,138

Additional paid-in capital
20,034,970

 
18,794,331

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
2,313,815

 
(1,979,865
)
Accumulated deficit
(9,125,895
)
 
(4,493,660
)
Total stockholders’ equity
$
15,219,296

 
$
14,112,112

 

Capital Stock
 The following table provides activity related to our Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program for the periods presented:
 
 
For the Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program
 
180,000

 
245,000

Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program
 
$
1,795

 
$
2,584

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, we granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $753.8 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, we granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $113.1 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we issued 56.0 million shares for proceeds of $569.1 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we issued 24.0 million shares for proceeds of $251.1 million, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.
In June 2019, we announced that our Board had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we repurchased 18.3 million shares of our common stock for an aggregate amount of $155.0 million, excluding commission costs. All common shares purchased were part of a publicly announced plan in open-market transactions.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we redeemed all 7.0 million of our issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”) for $175.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series C Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of July 21, 2019.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we redeemed all 2.2 million of our issued and outstanding shares of 8.125% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series H Preferred Stock”) for $55.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series H Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of May 31, 2019.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we issued 17.7 million shares of our 6.750% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $442.5 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering costs.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we issued 2.2 million shares of its Series H Preferred Stock in connection with the acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. Refer to the “Acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp.” Note in Part I. Item 1 for additional information related to our Series H Preferred Stock.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we issued 17.0 million shares of our 6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $425.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses and redeemed 5.0 million shares of our 7.625% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for $125.0 million and all 11.5 million of our issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for $287.5 million.

Leverage and Capital
We believe that it is prudent to maintain conservative debt-to-equity and economic leverage ratios as there may be volatility in the mortgage and credit markets. Our capital policy governs our capital and leverage position including setting limits. Based on the guidelines, we generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio of less than 10:1. Our actual economic leverage ratio varies from time to time based upon various factors, including our Manager’s opinion of the level of risk of our assets and liabilities, our liquidity position, our level of unused borrowing capacity, the availability of credit, over-collateralization levels required by lenders when we pledge assets to secure borrowings and our assessment of domestic and international market conditions.
Our debt-to-equity ratio at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was 7.3.1 and 6.3:1, respectively.  Our economic leverage ratio, which is computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases of investments divided by total equity was 7.7:1 and 7.0:1 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Our capital ratio, which represents our ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets (inclusive of total market value of TBA derivatives and exclusive of debt issued by securitization vehicles), was 11.2% and 12.1% at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
 
Risk Management
We are subject to a variety of risks in the ordinary conduct of our business. The effective management of these risks is of critical importance to the overall success of Annaly. The objective of our risk management framework is to identify, measure and monitor these risks.
Our risk management framework is intended to facilitate a holistic, enterprise wide view of risk. We have built a strong and collaborative risk management culture throughout Annaly focused on awareness which supports appropriate understanding and management of our key risks. Each employee of our Manager is accountable for identifying, monitoring and managing risk within their area of responsibility.

Risk Appetite
We maintain a firm-wide risk appetite statement which defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy. We engage in risk activities based on our core expertise that aim to enhance value for our stockholders. Our activities focus on income generation and capital preservation through proactive portfolio management, supported by a conservative liquidity and leverage posture.
The risk appetite statement asserts the following key risk parameters to guide our investment management activities:
Risk Parameter
 
Description
Portfolio Composition
 
We will maintain a portfolio comprised of target assets approved by our Board and in accordance with our capital allocation policy.
Leverage
 
We generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio no greater than 10:1.
Liquidity Risk
 
We will seek to maintain an unencumbered asset portfolio sufficient to meet our liquidity needs under adverse market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk
 
We will seek to manage interest rate risk to protect the portfolio from adverse rate movements utilizing derivative instruments targeting both income and capital preservation.
Credit Risk
 
We will seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within our specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-adjusted returns.
Capital Preservation
 
We will seek to protect our capital base through disciplined risk management practices.
Compliance
 
We will seek to comply with regulatory requirements needed to maintain our REIT status and our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act.

Governance
Risk management begins with our Board, through the review and oversight of the risk management framework, and executive management, through the ongoing formulation of risk management practices and related execution in managing risk. The Board exercises its oversight of risk management primarily through the Board Risk Committee (“BRC”) and Board Audit Committee (“BAC”). The BRC is responsible for oversight of our risk governance structure, risk management and risk assessment guidelines and policies and our risk appetite. The BAC is responsible for oversight of the quality and integrity of our accounting, internal controls and financial reporting practices, including independent auditor selection, evaluation and review, and oversight of the internal audit function.
Risk assessment and risk management are the responsibility of our management. A series of management committees has oversight or decision-making responsibilities for risk management activities. Membership of these committees is reviewed regularly to ensure the appropriate personnel are engaged in the risk management process. Four primary management committees have been established to provide a comprehensive framework for risk management. The management committees responsible for our risk management include the Enterprise Risk Committee (“ERC”), Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”), Investment Committee and the Financial Reporting and Disclosure Committee (“FRDC”). Each of these committees reports to our management Operating Committee which is responsible for oversight and management of our operations, including oversight and approval authority over all aspects of our enterprise risk management. 
Audit Services is an independent function with reporting lines to the BAC. Audit Services is responsible for performing our internal audit activities, which includes independently assessing and validating key controls within the risk management framework.
In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company implemented an enhanced corporate compliance function, headed by a newly appointed Chief Compliance Officer, who has reporting lines to the BAC. The corporate compliance group is responsible for the oversight of the Company’s regulatory compliance.


Description of Risks
We are subject to a variety of risks due to the business we operate. Risk categories are an important component of a robust enterprise wide risk management framework.
We have identified the following primary categories that we utilize to identify, assess, measure and monitor risk.

67

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Risk
 
Description
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.
Investment/Market Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets or an increase in the costs of financing caused by changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of investment securities and other investment instruments.
Credit Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from an obligor’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in lending and investing activities.
Counterparty Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from a counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in funding, hedging and investing activities.
Operational Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems (including proprietary and third party models), human factors or external events.
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk
 
Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or conduct of business arising from violations of, or nonconformance with internal and external applicable rules and regulations, losses resulting from lawsuits or adverse judgments, or from changes in the regulatory environment that may impact our business model.


68

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk Management
Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management strategy is designed to ensure the availability of sufficient resources to support our business and meet our financial obligations under both normal and adverse market and business environments. Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management practices consist of the following primary elements:
Element
 
Description
Funding
 
Availability of diverse and stable sources of funds.
Excess Liquidity
 
Excess liquidity primarily in the form of unencumbered assets and cash.
Maturity Profile
 
Diversity and tenor of liabilities and modest use of leverage.
Stress Testing
 
Scenario modeling to measure the resiliency of our liquidity position.
Liquidity Management Policies
 
Comprehensive policies including monitoring, risk limits and an escalation protocol.

Funding
Our primary financing sources are repurchase agreements provided through counterparty arrangements and through Arcola, other secured financing including funding from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB”), debt issued by securitization vehicles, mortgages, credit facilities, note sales and various forms of equity. We maintain excess liquidity by holding unencumbered liquid assets that could be either used to collateralize additional borrowings or sold.
We seek to conservatively manage our repurchase agreement funding position through a variety of methods including diversity, breadth and depth of counterparties and maintaining a staggered maturity profile.
Additionally, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Arcola, provides direct access to third party funding as a FINRA member broker-dealer. Arcola borrows funds through the General Collateral Finance Repo service offered by the FICC, with FICC acting as the central counterparty. Arcola also borrows funds through direct repurchase agreements.
To reduce our liquidity risk we maintain a laddered approach to our repurchase agreements. At September 30, 2019, the weighted average days to maturity was 45 days.
Our repurchase agreements generally provide that in the event of a margin call we must provide additional securities or cash on the same business day that a margin call is made. Should prepayment speeds on the mortgages underlying our Agency and Residential mortgage-backed securities and/or market interest rates or other factors move suddenly and cause declines in the market value of assets posted as collateral, resulting margin calls may cause an adverse change in our liquidity position.
We maintain access to FHLB funding through our captive insurance subsidiary Truman Insurance Company LLC (“Truman”). We finance eligible Agency, residential credit and commercial investments through the FHLB. A 2016 rule from the FHFA requires captive insurance companies to terminate their FHLB membership, however, given the length of its membership at the time the rule was enacted, Truman was granted a five year sunset provision whereby its membership will expire in February 2021. We believe our business objectives align well with the mission of the FHLB System. While there can be no assurances that such steps will be taken, we believe it would be appropriate for there to be legislative or other action to permit Truman and similar captive insurance subsidiaries to retain their membership status beyond the current sunset period.
We utilize diverse funding sources to finance our commercial investments. Aside from FHLB funding, we may utilize credit facilities, securitization funding and, in the case of investments in commercial real estate, CLO securitization funding, mortgage financing and note sales.
At September 30, 2019, we had total financial assets and cash pledged against existing liabilities of $115.4 billion. The weighted average haircut was approximately 4% on repurchase agreements. The quality and character of the Residential Securities and commercial real estate investments that we pledge as collateral under the repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps did not materially change at September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, and our counterparties did not materially alter any requirements, including required haircuts, related to the collateral we pledge under repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
The following table presents our quarterly average and quarter-end repurchase agreement and reverse repurchase agreement balances outstanding for the periods presented:

69

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Repurchase Agreements
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
 
Average Daily
Amount Outstanding
 
Ending Amount Outstanding
 
Average Daily
Amount Outstanding
 
Ending Amount Outstanding
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
$
108,389,796

 
$
102,682,104

 
$
1,459,070

 
$
—

June 30, 2019
101,983,828

 
105,181,241

 
3,478,510

 
—

March 31, 2019
87,781,404

 
88,554,170

 
3,937,769

 
523,449

December 31, 2018
83,984,254

 
81,115,874

 
2,741,022

 
650,040

September 30, 2018
79,214,382

 
79,073,026

 
2,330,519

 
1,234,704

June 30, 2018
80,582,681

 
75,760,655

 
2,929,470

 
259,762

March 31, 2018
80,770,663

 
78,015,431

 
2,064,862

 
200,459

December 31, 2017
78,755,896

 
77,696,343

 
1,295,652

 
—

September 30, 2017
69,314,576

 
69,430,268

 
994,565

 
—

The following table provides information on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing by maturity date at September 30, 2019. The weighted average remaining maturity on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing was 68 days at September 30, 2019:
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
Principal
Balance
 
Weighted
Average Rate
 
% of Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
1 day
$
19,451,333

 
2.76
%
 
18.2
%
2 to 29 days
33,170,881

 
2.46
%
 
31.0
%
30 to 59 days
15,138,462

 
2.64
%
 
14.1
%
60 to 89 days
20,139,578

 
2.26
%
 
18.8
%
90 to 119 days
5,077,560

 
2.44
%
 
4.7
%
Over 120 days (1)
14,170,320

 
2.37
%
 
13.2
%
Total
$
107,148,134

 
2.49
%
 
100.0
%
 
(1) 
Approximately 4% of the total repurchase agreements and other secured financing had a remaining maturity over 1 year.

The table below presents our outstanding debt balances and associated weighted average rates and days to maturity at September 30, 2019:
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Rate
 
  
 
Principal Balance
 
As of Period End
 
For the Quarter
 
Weighted Average
Days to Maturity (1)
 
(dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements
$
102,682,104

 
2.48
%
 
2.53
%
 
45
Other secured financing (2)
4,466,030

 
2.80
%
 
2.95
%
 
602
Securitized debt of consolidated VIEs (3)
3,890,860

 
3.66
%
 
3.66
%
 
8,715
Mortgages payable (3)
491,435

 
4.10
%
 
4.20
%
 
4,694
Total indebtedness
$
111,530,429

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
(1)    Determined based on estimated weighted-average lives of the underlying debt instruments.
(2)    Includes advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines of $3.6 billion and financing under credit facilities.
(3)    Non-recourse to Annaly.

 
Excess Liquidity
Our primary source of liquidity is the availability of unencumbered assets which may be provided as collateral to support additional funding needs. We target minimum thresholds of available, unencumbered assets to maintain excess liquidity. The following table illustrates our asset portfolio available to support potential collateral obligations and funding needs.

70

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Assets are considered encumbered if pledged as collateral against an existing liability, and therefore are no longer available to support additional funding. An asset is considered unencumbered if it has not been pledged or securitized. The following table also provides the carrying amount of our encumbered and unencumbered financial assets at September 30, 2019:
 
Encumbered Assets
 
Unencumbered Assets
 
Total
Financial assets
(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,625,999

 
$
167,922

 
$
1,793,921

Investments, at carrying value (1)
 
 
 
 
 
Agency mortgage-backed securities
109,833,442

 
4,598,304

 
114,431,746

Credit risk transfer securities
284,273

 
190,492

 
474,765

Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
842,024

 
173,897

 
1,015,921

Residential mortgage loans (2)
3,279,459

 
316,674

 
3,596,133

MSRs
2,788

 
383,263

 
386,051

Commercial real estate debt investments (2)
2,439,031

 
13,233

 
2,452,264

Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment
205,605

 
405,824

 
611,429

Corporate debt, held for investment
1,450,425

 
665,358

 
2,115,783

Other assets (3)
—

 
239,579

 
239,579

Total financial assets
$
119,963,046

 
$
7,154,546

 
$
127,117,592

 
(1) 
The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
(2) 
Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles.
(3) 
Includes interests in certain joint ventures and equity instruments.

We maintain liquid assets in order to satisfy our current and future obligations in normal and stressed operating environments. These are held as the primary means of liquidity risk mitigation. The composition of our liquid assets is also considered and is subject to certain parameters. The composition is monitored for concentration risk and asset type. We believe the assets we consider liquid can be readily converted into cash, through liquidation or by being used as collateral in financing arrangements (including as additional collateral to support existing financial arrangements). Our balance sheet also generates liquidity on an on-going basis through mortgage principal and interest repayments and net earnings held prior to payment of dividends. The following table presents our liquid assets as a percentage of total assets at September 30, 2019:
 
Carrying Value (1)
 Liquid assets
(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,793,921

Residential Securities (2)
115,922,066

Residential mortgage loans (3)
1,219,402

Commercial real estate debt investments (4)
140,851

Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment
504,492

Corporate debt, held for investment
1,568,954

Total liquid assets
$
121,149,686

Percentage of liquid assets to carrying amount of encumbered and unencumbered financial assets (3)(4)
98.95
%
(1) 
Carrying value approximates the market value of assets. The assets listed in this table include $115.4 billion of assets that have been pledged as collateral against existing liabilities at September 30, 2019. Please refer to the Encumbered and Unencumbered Assets table for related information.
(2) 
The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
(3) 
Excludes securitized residential mortgage loans transferred or pledged to consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $2.4 billion.
(4) 
Excludes senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $2.3 billion.
 

71

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Maturity Profile
We consider the profile of our assets, liabilities and derivatives when managing both liquidity risk as well as investment/market risk employing a measurement of both the maturity gap and interest rate sensitivity gap. We determine the amount of liquid assets that are required to be held by monitoring several liquidity metrics. We utilize several modeling techniques to analyze our current and potential obligations including the expected cash flows from our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The following table illustrates the expected final maturities and cash flows of our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The table is based on a static portfolio and assumes no reinvestment of asset cash flows and no future liabilities are entered into. In assessing the maturity of our assets, liabilities and off balance sheet obligations, we use the stated maturities, or our prepayment expectations for assets and liabilities that exhibit prepayment characteristics. Cash and cash equivalents are included in the ‘Less than 3 Months’ maturity bucket, as they are typically held for a short period of time.
With respect to each maturity bucket, our maturity gap is considered negative when the amount of maturing liabilities exceeds the amount of maturing assets. A negative gap increases our liquidity risk as we must enter into future liabilities.
Our interest rate sensitivity gap is the difference between Interest Earning Assets and Interest Bearing Liabilities maturing or re-pricing within a given time period. Unlike the calculation of maturity gap, interest rate sensitivity gap includes the effect of our interest rate swaps. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest-rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities exceeds interest-rate sensitive assets. During a period of rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income. During a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to affect net interest income adversely. Because different types of assets and liabilities with the same or similar maturities may react differently to changes in overall market rates or conditions, changes in interest rates may affect net interest income positively or negatively even if assets and liabilities were perfectly matched in each maturity category. The amount of assets and liabilities utilized to compute our interest rate sensitivity gap was determined in accordance with the contractual terms of the assets and liabilities, except that adjustable-rate loans and securities are included in the period in which their interest rates are first scheduled to adjust and not in the period in which they mature. The effects of interest rate swaps, whereby we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate and effectively lock in our financing costs for a longer term, are also reflected in our interest rate sensitivity gap. The interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities in the following table at September 30, 2019 could vary substantially based on actual prepayment experience.

72

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Less than 3
Months
 
3-12 Months
 
More than 1 Year to 3 Years
 
3 Years and Over
 
Total
Financial assets
(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,793,921

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
1,793,921

Agency mortgage-backed securities (principal)
—

 
—

 
6,812,626

 
100,174,495

 
106,987,121

Credit risk transfer securities (principal)
—

 
—

 
74,450

 
374,607

 
449,057

Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (principal)
—

 
4,669

 
144,917

 
878,342

 
1,027,928

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (principal)
—

 
—

 
—

 
140,600

 
140,600

Total securities
—

 
4,669

 
7,031,993

 
101,568,044

 
108,604,706

Residential mortgage loans (principal)
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,178,414

 
1,178,414

Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity (principal)
179,348

 
61,430

 
239,839

 
146,398

 
627,015

Corporate debt (principal)
—

 
9,727

 
110,576

 
2,015,603

 
2,135,906

Total loans
179,348

 
71,157

 
350,415

 
3,340,415

 
3,941,335

Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles (principal)
—

 
—

 
—

 
4,653,482

 
4,653,482

Total financial assets - maturity
1,973,269

 
75,826

 
7,382,408

 
109,561,941

 
118,993,444

Effect of utilizing reset dates (1)
6,034,188

 
2,192,016

 
(711,333
)
 
(7,514,871
)
 
—

Total financial assets - interest rate sensitive
$
8,007,457

 
$
2,267,842

 
$
6,671,075

 
$
102,047,070

 
$
118,993,444

Financial liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements
$
87,900,254

 
$
14,695,056

 
$
86,794

 
$
—

 
$
102,682,104

Other secured financing
—

 
123,994

 
3,755,087

 
586,949

 
4,466,030

Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal)
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,890,860

 
3,890,860

Total financial liabilities - maturity
87,900,254

 
14,819,050

 
3,841,881

 
4,477,809

 
111,038,994

Effect of utilizing reset dates (1)(2)
(62,214,377
)
 
14,572,800

 
20,206,586

 
27,434,991

 


Total financial liabilities - interest rate sensitive
$
25,685,877

 
$
29,391,850

 
$
24,048,467

 
$
31,912,800

 
$
111,038,994

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maturity gap
$
(85,926,985
)
 
$
(14,743,224
)
 
$
3,540,527

 
$
105,084,132

 
$
7,954,450

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative maturity gap
$
(85,926,985
)
 
$
(100,670,209
)
 
$
(97,129,682
)
 
$
7,954,450

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate sensitivity gap
$
(17,678,420
)
 
$
(27,124,008
)
 
$
(17,377,392
)
 
$
70,134,270

 
$
7,954,450

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative rate sensitivity gap
$
(17,678,420
)
 
$
(44,802,428
)
 
$
(62,179,820
)
 
$
7,954,450

 
 
 
(1)    Maturity gap utilizes stated maturities, or prepayment expectations for assets that exhibit prepayment characteristics, while interest rate sensitivity gap utilizes reset dates, if applicable.
(2)    Includes effect of interest rate swaps.

The methodologies we employ for evaluating interest rate risk include an analysis of our interest rate “gap,” measurement of the duration and convexity of our portfolio and sensitivities to interest rates and spreads.

Stress Testing
We utilize liquidity stress testing to ensure we have sufficient liquidity under a variety of scenarios and stresses. These stress tests assist with the management of our pool of liquid assets and influence our current and future funding plans. Our stress tests are modeled over both short term and longer time horizons. The stresses applied include market-wide and firm-specific stresses.

Liquidity Management Policies
We utilize a comprehensive liquidity policy structure to inform our liquidity risk management practices including monitoring and measurement, along with well-defined key risk indicators. Both quantitative and qualitative targets are utilized to measure the ongoing stability and condition of the liquidity position, and include the level and composition of unencumbered assets, as well as both short-term and long-term sustainability of the funding composition under stress conditions.
We also monitor early warning metrics designed to measure the quality and depth of liquidity sources based upon both company-specific and market conditions. The metrics assist in assessing our liquidity conditions and are integrated into our escalation protocol, with various liquidity ratings influencing management actions with respect to contingency planning and potential related actions.


73

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Investment/Market Risk Management
One of the primary risks we are subject to is investment/market risk. Changes in the level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the income we earn on our Interest Earning Assets and the interest expense incurred from Interest Bearing Liabilities and derivatives. Changes in the level of interest rates and spreads can also affect the value of our securities and potential realization of gains or losses from the sale of these assets. We may utilize a variety of financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, swaptions, options, futures and other hedges, in order to limit the adverse effects of interest rates on our results. In the case of interest rate swaps, we utilize contracts linked to LIBOR but may also enter into interest rate swaps where the floating leg is linked to the overnight index swap rate or another index, particularly in light of a potential transition away from LIBOR. In addition, we may use MAC interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. MAC interest rate swaps offer price transparency, flexibility and more efficient portfolio administration through compression which is the process of reducing the number of unique interest rate swap contracts and replacing them with fewer contracts containing market defined terms. Our portfolio and the value of our portfolio, including derivatives, may be adversely affected as a result of changing interest rates and spreads.

We simulate a wide variety of interest rate scenarios in evaluating our risk. Scenarios are run to capture our sensitivity to changes in interest rates, spreads and the shape of the yield curve. We also consider the assumptions affecting our analysis such as those related to prepayments. In addition to predefined interest rate scenarios, we utilize Value-at-Risk measures to estimate potential losses in the portfolio over various time horizons utilizing various confidence levels. The following tables estimate the potential changes in economic net interest income over a twelve month period and the immediate effect on our portfolio market value (inclusive of derivative instruments), should interest rates instantaneously increase or decrease by 25, 50 or 75 basis points, and the effect of portfolio market value if mortgage option-adjusted spreads instantaneously increase or decrease by 5, 15 or 25 basis points (assuming shocks are parallel and instantaneous). All changes to income and portfolio market value are measured as percentage changes from the projected net interest income and portfolio value at the base interest rate scenario. The net interest income simulations incorporate the interest expense effect of rate resets on liabilities and derivatives as well as the amortization expense and reinvestment of principal based on the prepayments on our securities, which varies based on the level of rates. The results assume no management actions in response to the rate or spread changes. The following table presents estimates at September 30, 2019. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
Change in Interest Rate (1)
Projected Percentage Change in Economic Net Interest Income (2)
 
Estimated Percentage Change in Portfolio Value (3)
 
Estimated Change as a
% on NAV (3)(4)
-75 Basis points
(50.0%)
 
0.1%
 
0.9%
-50 Basis points
(33.3%)
 
0.1%
 
0.8%
-25 Basis points
(15.9%)
 
0.1%
 
0.6%
+25 Basis points
14.0%
 
(0.1%)
 
(1.2%)
+50 Basis points
24.8%
 
(0.4%)
 
(3.4%)
+75 Basis points
30.7%
 
(0.7%)
 
(6.5%)
MBS Spread Shock (1)
Estimated Change in
Portfolio Market Value
 
Estimated Change as a %
on NAV (3)(4)
 
 
-25 Basis points
1.2%
 
10.5%
 
 
-15 Basis points
0.7%
 
6.3%
 
 
-5 Basis points
0.2%
 
2.1%
 
 
+5 Basis points
(0.2%)
 
(2.1%)
 
 
+15 Basis points
(0.7%)
 
(6.2%)
 
 
+25 Basis points
(1.2%)
 
(10.4%)
 
 
(1)    Interest rate and MBS spread sensitivity are based on results from third party models in conjunction with inputs from our internal investment professionals. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
(2)    Scenarios include Residential Securities, commercial real estate investments, corporate debt, repurchase agreements, other secured financing and interest rate swaps. Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.
(3)    Scenarios include Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, MSRs and derivative instruments.
(4)    NAV represents book value of equity.


74

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Credit Risk Management
Key risk parameters have been established to specify our credit risk appetite. We will seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within the firm’s specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-return attributes.
While we do not expect to encounter credit risk in our Agency mortgage-backed securities, we face credit risk on the non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities in our portfolio. In addition, we are also exposed to credit risk on residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate debt. MSR values may also be impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. We are subject to risk of loss if an issuer or borrower fails to perform its contractual obligations. We have established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including establishing and reviewing limits for credit exposure. We will originate or purchase commercial investments that meet our comprehensive underwriting process and credit standards and are approved by the appropriate committee. Once a commercial investment is made, our ongoing surveillance process includes regular reviews, analysis and oversight of investments by our investment personnel and appropriate committee. We review credit and other risks of loss associated with each investment. Our management monitors the overall portfolio risk and determines estimates of provision for loss. Our portfolio composition, based on balance sheet values, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:
 
September 30, 2019

 
December 31, 2018

Category
 
 
 
Agency mortgage-backed securities
91.0
%
 
88.8
%
Credit risk transfer securities
0.4
%
 
0.5
%
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
0.8
%
 
1.1
%
Residential mortgage loans (1)
2.8
%
 
2.4
%
Mortgage servicing rights
0.3
%
 
0.5
%
Commercial real estate (1) (2)
3.0
%
 
4.9
%
Corporate debt
1.7
%
 
1.8
%
(1)        Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles.
(2)        Net of unamortized origination fees.

Counterparty Risk Management
Our use of repurchase and derivative agreements and trading activities create exposure to counterparty risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these agreements fail to perform their obligations under the contracts. In the event of default by a counterparty, we could have difficulty obtaining our assets pledged as collateral. A significant portion of our investments are financed with repurchase agreements by pledging our Residential Securities and certain commercial real estate investments as collateral to the lender. The collateral we pledge generally exceeds the amount of the borrowings under each agreement. If the counterparty to the repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and we are not able to recover our pledged asset, we are at risk of losing the over-collateralization or haircut. The amount of this exposure is the difference between the amount loaned to us plus interest due to the counterparty and the fair value of the collateral pledged by us to the lender including accrued interest receivable on such collateral.
We also use interest rate swaps and other derivatives to manage interest rate risk. Under these agreements, we pledge securities and cash as collateral or settle variation margin payments as part of a margin arrangement.
If a counterparty were to default on its obligations, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that the amount of our securities or cash pledged exceeded the unrealized loss on the associated derivative and we were not able to recover the excess collateral. Additionally, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that our unrealized gains on derivative instruments exceeded the amount of the counterparty’s securities or cash pledged to us.
We monitor our exposure to counterparties across several dimensions including by type of arrangement, collateral type, counterparty type, ratings and geography.


75

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table summarizes our exposure to counterparties by geography at September 30, 2019:
 
Number of Counterparties
 
Repurchase Agreement Financing
 
Interest Rate Swaps at Fair Value
 
Exposure (1)
Country
(dollars in thousands)
North America
34

 
$
70,639,198

 
$
(301,523
)
 
$
3,409,587

Europe
13

 
25,331,900

 
(556,988
)
 
1,767,345

Asia (non-Japan)
1

 
466,189

 
—

 
26,494

Japan
4

 
6,244,817

 
—

 
343,796

Total
52

 
$
102,682,104

 
$
(858,511
)
 
$
5,547,222

(1)     Represents the amount of cash and/or securities pledged as collateral to each counterparty less the aggregate of repurchase agreement financing and unrealized loss on swaps for each counterparty.
 
Operational Risk Management
We are subject to operational risk in each of our business and support functions. Operational risk may arise from internal or external sources including human error, fraud, systems issues, process change, vendors, business interruptions and other external events. Model risk considers potential errors with a model’s results due to uncertainty in model parameters and inappropriate methodologies used. The result of these risks may include financial loss and reputational damage. We manage operational risk through a variety of tools including policies and procedures that cover topics such as business continuity, personal conduct, cybersecurity and vendor management. Other tools include testing, including disaster recovery testing; systems controls, including access controls; training, including cybersecurity awareness training; and monitoring, which includes the use of key risk indicators. Employee-level lines of defense against operational risk include proper segregation of incompatible duties, activity-level internal controls over financial reporting, the empowerment of business units to identify and mitigate operational risk sources, testing by our internal audit staff, and our overall governance framework.  
We have established a Cybersecurity Committee to help mitigate cybersecurity risks. The role of the committee is to oversee cyber risk assessments, monitor applicable key risk indicators, review cybersecurity training procedures, oversee the Company’s Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan and engage third parties to conduct periodic penetration testing. Our cybersecurity risk assessment includes an evaluation of cyber risk related to sensitive data held by third parties on their systems. The Cybersecurity Committee periodically reports to the ERC and the Board via the BRC and the BAC. There is no assurance that these efforts will effectively mitigate cybersecurity risk and mitigation efforts are not an assurance that no cybersecurity incidents will occur. We have purchased cybersecurity insurance, however, there is no assurance that the insurance policy will cover all cybersecurity breaches or that the policy will cover all losses.

Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk Management
Our business is organized as a REIT, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT. The determination that we are a REIT requires an analysis of various factual matters and circumstances.  Accordingly, we closely monitor our REIT status within our risk management program.
The financial services industry is highly regulated and receives significant attention from regulators, which may impact both our company as well as our business strategy. We proactively monitor the potential impact regulation may have both directly and indirectly on us. We maintain a process to actively monitor both actual and potential legal action that may affect us. Our risk management framework is designed to identify, measure and monitor these risks under the oversight of the ERC.
We currently rely on the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for this exemption from registration. The determination that we qualify for this exemption from registration depends on various factual matters and circumstances. Accordingly, in conjunction with our legal department, we closely monitor our compliance with Section 3(c)(5)(C) within our risk management program. The monitoring of this risk is also under the oversight of the ERC.
As a result of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) gained jurisdiction over the regulation of interest rate swaps.  The CFTC has asserted that this causes the operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts that use swaps as part of their business model to fall within the statutory definition of Commodity Pool Operator (“CPO”), and, absent relief from the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight or the CFTC, to register as CPOs. On December 7, 2012, as a result of numerous requests for no-action relief from the CPO registration requirement for operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts, the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight of the CFTC issued no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” that permits a CPO to receive relief by filing a claim to perfect the use of the relief. A claim submitted by a CPO will be effective upon filing, so long as the claim is materially complete. The conditions that must be met relate to initial margin and premiums requirements, net income derived annually from commodity interest positions that are not qualifying hedging transactions, marketing of interests in the mortgage real estate investment trust to the public, and identification of the entity as a mortgage real estate investment trust in its federal tax filings with the Internal Revenue Service. While we disagree with the CFTC’s position that mortgage REITs that use swaps as part of their business model fall within the statutory definition of a CPO, we have submitted a claim for the relief set forth in the no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” and believe we meet the criteria for such relief set forth therein.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies that require us to make significant judgments or estimates are described below.  For more information on these critical accounting policies and other significant accounting policies, see “Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Valuation of Financial Instruments
Residential Securities
There is an active market for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities. Since we primarily invest in securities that can be valued using actively quoted prices for actively traded assets, there is a high degree of observable inputs and less subjectivity in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices from the TBA securities market, the Treasury curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual securities, which may include coupon, periodic and life caps, reset dates and the expected life of the security. While prepayment rates may be difficult to predict and require estimation and judgment in the valuation of Agency mortgage-backed securities, the Company uses several third party models to validate prepayment speeds used in its fair value measurements of residential securities. All internal fair values are compared to external pricing sources and/or dealer quotes to determine reasonableness. Additionally, securities used as collateral for repurchase agreements are priced daily by counterparties to ensure sufficient collateralization, providing additional verification of our internal pricing.

Residential Mortgage Loans
There is an active market for the residential whole loans in which we invest. Since we primarily invest in residential loans that can be valued using actively quoted prices for similar assets, there are observable inputs in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices for similar market transactions, the swap curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual loans, which may include loan term, coupon, and reset dates. While prepayment rates may be difficult to predict and are a significant estimate requiring judgment in the valuation of residential whole loans, the Company validates its prepayment speeds against those provided by independent pricing analytic providers specializing in residential mortgage loans. Internal fair values are generally compared to external pricing sources to determine reasonableness.

Commercial Real Estate Investments
The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral.  These securities must also be evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment if the fair value of the security is lower than its amortized cost. Determining whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment may require us to exercise significant judgment and make estimates to determine expected cash flows incorporating assumptions such as changes in interest rates and loss expectations.  For commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments classified as held for investment, we apply significant judgment in evaluating the need for a loss reserve.  Estimated net recoverable value of the commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments and other factors such as the fair value of any collateral, the amount and status of senior debt,

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the prospects of the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business must be considered in determining the allowance for loan losses. For commercial real estate loans held for sale, significant judgment may need to be applied in determining the fair value of the loans and whether a valuation allowance is necessary.  Factors that may need to be considered to determine the fair value of a loan held for sale include the borrower’s credit quality, liquidity and other market factors and the fair value of the underlying collateral.

Interest Rate Swaps
We use the overnight indexed swap (“OIS”) curve as an input to value substantially all of our uncleared interest rate swaps. We believe using the OIS curve, which reflects the interest rate typically paid on cash collateral, enables us to most accurately determine the fair value of uncleared interest rate swaps. Consistent with market practice, we exchange collateral (also called margin) based on the fair values of our interest rate swaps. Through this margining process, we may be able to compare our recorded fair value with the fair value calculated by the counterparty or derivatives clearing organization, providing additional verification of our recorded fair value of the uncleared interest rate swaps. We value our cleared interest rate swaps using the prices provided by the derivatives clearing organization.

Revenue Recognition
Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based on the outstanding principal amounts of the Residential Securities and their contractual terms. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of the Residential Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the projected lives of the securities using the interest method. To aid in determining projected lives of the securities, we use third-party model and market information to project prepayment speeds. Our prepayment speed projections incorporate underlying loan characteristics (i.e., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts and expert judgment. Prepayment speeds vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets and other factors and cannot be predicted with any certainty. Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results. Adjustments are made for actual prepayment activity as it relates to calculating the effective yield. Gains or losses on sales of Residential Securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.

Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
Determining whether an entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE requires significant judgment related to assessing the purpose and design of the VIE and determination of the activities that most significantly impact its economic performance. We must also identify explicit and implicit variable interests in the entity and consider our involvement in both the design of the VIE and its ongoing activities. To determine whether consolidation of the VIE is required, we must apply judgment to assess whether we have the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE and whether we have either the rights to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses that could be potentially significant to the VIE.

Use of Estimates
The use of GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.


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Glossary of Terms
 
A
 
Adjustable-Rate Loan / Security
A loan / security on which interest rates are adjusted at regular intervals according to predetermined criteria. The adjustable interest rate is tied to an objective, published interest rate index.

Agency
Refers to a federally chartered corporation, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or an agency of the U.S. Government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association.

Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities
Refers to residential mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by an Agency.

Amortization
Liquidation of a debt through installment payments.  Amortization also refers to the process of systematically reducing a recognized asset or liability (e.g., a purchase premium or discount for a debt security) with an offset to earnings.

Average Life
On a mortgage-backed security, the average time to receipt of each dollar of principal, weighted by the amount of each principal prepayment, based on prepayment assumptions.


B
 
Basis Point (“bp”)
One hundredth of one percent, used in expressing differences in interest rates.  One basis point is 0.01% of yield. For example, a bond’s yield that changed from 3.00% to 3.50% would be said to have moved 50 basis points.

Benchmark
A bond or an index referencing a basket of bonds whose terms are used for comparison with other bonds of similar maturity. The global financial market typically looks to U.S. Treasury securities as benchmarks.

Beneficial Owner
One who benefits from owning a security, even if the security’s title of ownership is in the name of a broker or bank.

B-Note
Subordinate mortgage notes and/or subordinate mortgage loan participations.

 
B-Piece
The most subordinate commercial mortgage-backed security bond class.

Board
Refers to the board of directors of Annaly.

Bond
The written evidence of debt, bearing a stated rate or stated rates of interest, or stating a formula for determining that rate, and maturing on a date certain, on which date and upon presentation a fixed sum of money plus interest (usually represented by interest coupons attached to the bond) is payable to the holder or owner. Bonds are long-term securities with an original maturity of greater than one year.

Book Value Per Share
Calculated by summing common stock, additional paid-in capital, accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated deficit and dividing that number by the total common shares outstanding.

Broker
Generic name for a securities firm engaged in both buying and selling securities on behalf of customers or its own account.


C
 
Capital Buffer
Includes unencumbered financial assets which can be either sold or utilized as collateral to meet liquidity needs.

Capital Ratio
Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs. 
 
Carry
The amount an asset earns over its hedging and financing costs. A positive carry happens when the rate on the securities being financed is greater than the rate on the funds borrowed. A negative carry is when the rate on the funds borrowed is greater than the rate on the securities that are being financed.

CMBX
The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 CMBS of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of CMBS securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection

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seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying CMBS securities as they occur.

Collateral
Securities, cash or property pledged by a borrower or party to a derivative contract to secure payment of a loan or derivative. If the borrower fails to repay the loan or defaults under the derivative contract, the secured party may take ownership of the collateral.

Collateralized Loan Obligation (“CLO”)
A securitization collateralized by loans and other debt instruments.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (“CMO”)
A multiclass bond backed by a pool of mortgage pass-through securities or mortgage loans.

Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)
An independent U.S. federal agency established by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974. The CFTC regulates the swaps, commodity futures and options markets. Its goals include the promotion of competitive and efficient futures markets and the protection of investors against manipulation, abusive trade practices and fraud.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Security
Securities collateralized by a pool of mortgages on commercial real estate in which all principal and interest from the mortgages flow to certificate holders in a defined sequence or manner.

Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”)
The percentage of outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one year, based on the annualization of the Single Monthly Mortality, which reflects the outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one month.

Convexity
A measure of the change in a security’s duration with respect to changes in interest rates. The more convex a security is, the more its duration will change with interest rate changes.

Core Earnings and Core Earnings Per Average Common Share
Core earnings is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items) and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items), and core earnings (excluding PAA) is defined as core earnings excluding the premium amortization adjustment representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current
 
period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities. Core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share is calculated by dividing core earnings or core earnings (excluding PAA) by average basic common shares for the period.

Corporate Debt
Non-government debt instruments issued by corporations. Long-term corporate debt can be issued as bonds or loans.

Counterparty
One of two entities in a transaction. For example, in the bond market a counterparty can be a state or local government, a broker-dealer or a corporation.

Coupon
The interest rate on a bond that is used to compute the amount of interest due on a periodic basis.

Credit and Counterparty Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business, resulting from an obligor’s or counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. Credit and counterparty risk is present in lending, investing, funding and hedging activities.

Credit Derivatives
Derivative instruments that have one or more underlyings related to the credit risk of a specified entity (or group of entities) or an index that exposes the seller to potential loss from specified credit-risk related events. An example is credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index.
 
Credit Risk Transfer (“CRT”) Securities
Credit Risk Transfer securities are risk sharing transactions issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. The securities issued in the CRT sector are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and/or third parties to private investors.

Current Face
The current remaining monthly principal on a mortgage security. Current face is computed by multiplying the original face value of the security by the current principal balance factor.



D
 
Dealer
Person or organization that underwrites, trades and sells securities, e.g., a principal market-maker in securities.


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Default Risk
Possibility that a bond issuer will fail to pay principal or interest when due.

Derivative
A financial product that derives its value from the price, price fluctuations and price expectations of an underlying instrument, index or reference pool (e.g. futures contracts, options, interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and certain to-be-announced securities).

Discount Price
When the dollar price is below face value, it is said to be selling at a discount.

Duration
The weighted maturity of a fixed-income investment’s cash flows, used in the estimation of the price sensitivity of fixed-income securities for a given change in interest rates.


E
 
Economic Capital
A measure of the risk a firm is subject to.  It is the amount of capital a firm needs as a buffer to protect against risk.  It is a probabilistic measure of potential future losses at a given confidence level over a given time horizon.

Economic Interest Expense
Non-GAAP financial measure that is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Economic Leverage Ratio (Economic Debt-to-Equity Ratio)
Calculated as the sum of recourse debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.

Economic Net Interest Income
Non-GAAP financial measure that is composed of GAAP net interest income less Economic Interest Expense.

Encumbered Assets
Assets on the company’s balance sheet which have been pledged as collateral against a liability.
Eurodollar
A U.S. dollar deposit held in Europe or elsewhere outside the United States.


 
F
 
Face Amount
The par value (i.e., principal or maturity value) of a security appearing on the face of the instrument.

Factor
A decimal value reflecting the proportion of the outstanding principal balance of a mortgage security, which changes over time, in relation to its original principal value.

Fannie Mae
Federal National Mortgage Association.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”)
An independent agency created by the U.S. Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation’s financial system by insuring deposits, examining and supervising financial institutions for safety and soundness and consumer protection, and managing receiverships.

Federal Funds Rate
The interest rate charged by banks on overnight loans of their excess reserve funds to other banks.

Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLB”)
U.S. Government-sponsored banks that provide reliable liquidity to member financial institutions to support housing finance and community investment.

Federal Housing Financing Agency (“FHFA”)
The FHFA is an independent regulatory agency that oversees vital components of the secondary mortgage market including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks.

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”)
FINRA is a non-governmental organization tasked with regulating all business dealings conducted between dealers, brokers and all public investors.

Fixed-Rate Mortgage
A mortgage featuring level monthly payments, determined at the outset, which remain constant over the life of the mortgage.

Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (“FICC”)
The FICC is an agency that deals with the confirmation, settlement and delivery of fixed-income assets in the U.S. The agency ensures the systematic and efficient settlement of U.S. Government securities and mortgage-backed security transactions in the market.

Floating Rate Bond
A bond for which the interest rate is adjusted periodically according to a predetermined formula, usually linked to an index.


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Floating Rate CMO
A CMO tranche which pays an adjustable rate of interest tied to a representative interest rate index such as the LIBOR, the Constant Maturity Treasury or the Cost of Funds Index.

Freddie Mac
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.

Futures Contract
A legally binding agreement to buy or sell a commodity or financial instrument in a designated future month at a price agreed upon at the initiation of the contract by the buyer and seller. Futures contracts are standardized according to the quality, quantity, and delivery time and location for each commodity. A futures contract differs from an option in that an option gives one of the counterparties a right and the other an obligation to buy or sell, while a futures contract represents an obligation of both counterparties, one to deliver and the other to accept delivery. A futures contract is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives.


G
 
GAAP
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Ginnie Mae
Government National Mortgage Association.


H
 
Hedge
An investment made with the intention of minimizing the impact of adverse movements in interest rates or securities prices.


I
 
In-the-Money
Description for an option that has intrinsic value and can be sold or exercised for a profit; a call option is in-the-money when the strike price (execution price) is below the market price of the underlying security.

Interest Bearing Liabilities
Refers to repurchase agreements, debt issued by securitization vehicles, FHLB Des Moines advances and credit facilities. Average Interest Bearing Liabilities is based on daily balances.

Interest Earning Assets
Refers to Residential Securities, U.S. Treasury securities, reverse repurchase agreements, commercial real estate debt and preferred equity interests, residential mortgage loans and
 
corporate debt. Average Interest Earning Assets is based on daily balances.

Interest-Only (IO) Bond
The interest portion of mortgage, Treasury or bond payments, which is separated and sold individually from the principal portion of those same payments.

Interest Rate Risk
The risk that an investment’s value will change due to a change in the absolute level of interest rates, in the spread between two rates, in the shape of the yield curve or in any other interest rate relationship. As market interest rates rise, the value of current fixed income investment holdings declines. Diversifying, deleveraging and hedging techniques are utilized to mitigate this risk. Interest rate risk is a form of market risk.

Interest Rate Swap
A binding agreement between counterparties to exchange periodic interest payments on some predetermined dollar principal, which is called the notional principal amount. For example, one party will pay fixed and receive a variable rate .

Interest Rate Swaption
Options on interest rate swaps. The buyer of a swaption has the right to enter into an interest rate swap agreement at some specified date in the future. The swaption agreement will specify whether the buyer of the swaption will be a fixed-rate receiver or a fixed-rate payer.

Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Program (“ICAAP”)
The ongoing assessment and measurement of risks, and the amount of capital which is necessary to hold against those risks.  The objective is to ensure that a firm is appropriately capitalized relative to the risks in its business.
 
International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) Master Agreement
Standardized contract developed by ISDA used as an umbrella under which bilateral derivatives contracts are entered into.

Inverse IO Bond
An interest-only bond whose coupon is determined by a formula expressing an inverse relationship to a benchmark rate, such as LIBOR. As the benchmark rate changes, the IO coupon adjusts in the opposite direction. When the benchmark rate is relatively low, the IO pays a relatively high coupon payment, and vice versa.



Investment/Market Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets caused from changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of Residential Securities and other investment instruments.

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Investment Company Act
Refers to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.


L
 
Leverage
The use of borrowed money to increase investing power and economic returns.

Leverage Ratio (Debt-to-Equity Ratio)
Calculated as total debt to total stockholders’ equity. For purposes of calculating this ratio total debt includes repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us.

LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate)
The rate banks charge each other for short-term Eurodollar loans. LIBOR is frequently used as the base for resetting rates on floating-rate securities and the floating-rate legs of interest rate swaps.

Liquidity Risk
Risk to earnings, capital or business arising from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.

Long-Term CPR
The Company’s projected prepayment speeds for certain Agency mortgage-backed securities using third-party model and market information. The Company’s prepayment speed projections incorporate underlying loan characteristics (e.g., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts.  Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results.

Long-Term Debt
Debt which matures in more than one year.


M
 
Market Agreed Coupon (“MAC”) Interest Rate Swap
An interest rate swap contract structure with pre-defined, market agreed terms, developed by SIFMA and ISDA with the purpose of promoting liquidity and simplified administration.

Monetary Policy
 
Action taken by the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve System to influence the money supply or interest rates.

Mortgage-Backed Security (“MBS”)
A security representing a direct interest in a pool of mortgage loans. The pass-through issuer or servicer collects the payments on the loans in the pool and “passes through” the principal and interest to the security holders on a pro rata basis.

Mortgage Loan
A mortgage loan granted by a bank, thrift or other financial institution that is based solely on real estate as security and is not insured or guaranteed by a government agency.

Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”)
Contractual agreements constituting the right to service an existing mortgage where the holder receives the benefits and bears the costs and risks of servicing the mortgage.


N
 
NAV
Net asset value.

Net Interest Income
Represents interest income earned on our portfolio investments, less interest expense paid for borrowings.

Net Interest Margin
Represents the sum of the Company's interest income plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average TBA contract and CMBX balances.

Net Interest Spread
Calculated by taking the average yield on Interest Earning Assets minus the average cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities, which includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Non-Performing Loan (“NPL”)
A loan that is close to defaulting or is in default.

Notional Amount
A stated principal amount in a derivative contract on which the contract is based.



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O
 
Operational Risk
Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, human factors or external events.

Option Contract
A contract in which the buyer has the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a set price on or before a given date. Buyers of call options bet that a security will be worth more than the price set by the option (the strike price), plus the price they pay for the option itself. Buyers of put options bet that the security’s price will drop below the price set by the option. An option is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives, which means these financial instruments derive their value from the worth of an underlying investment.

Original Face
The face value or original principal amount of a security on its issue date.

Out-of-the-Money
Description for an option that has no intrinsic value and would be worthless if it expired today; for a call option, this situation occurs when the strike price is higher than the market price of the underlying security; for a put option, this situation occurs when the strike price is less than the market price of the underlying security.

Overnight Index Swaps (“OIS”)
An interest rate swap in which a fixed rate is exchanged for an overnight floating rate.

Over-The-Counter (“OTC”) Market
A securities market that is conducted by dealers throughout the country through negotiation of price rather than through the use of an auction system as represented by a stock exchange.


P
 
Par
Price equal to the face amount of a security; 100%.

Par Amount
The principal amount of a bond or note due at maturity. Also known as par value.
 
Pass-Through Security
A securitization structure where a GSE or other entity “passes” the amount collected from the borrowers every month to the investor, after deducting fees and expenses.




 

Pool
A collection of mortgage loans assembled by an originator or master servicer as the basis for a security. In the case of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac mortgage pass-through securities, pools are identified by a number assigned by the issuing agency.

Premium
The amount by which the price of a security exceeds its principal amount. When the dollar price of a bond is above its face value, it is said to be selling at a premium.

Premium Amortization Adjustment (“PAA”)
The cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities.

Prepayment
The unscheduled partial or complete payment of the principal amount outstanding on a mortgage loan or other debt before it is due.

Prepayment Risk
The risk that falling interest rates will lead to increased prepayments of mortgage or other loans, forcing the investor to reinvest at lower prevailing rates.

Prepayment Speed
The estimated rate at which mortgage borrowers will pay off the mortgages that underlie an MBS.

Prime Rate
The indicative interest rate on loans that banks quote to their best commercial customers.
 
Principal and Interest
The term used to refer to regularly scheduled payments or prepayments of principal and payments of interest on a mortgage or other security.


R
 
Rate Reset
The adjustment of the interest rate on a floating-rate security according to a prescribed formula.
 
Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”)
A special purpose investment vehicle that provides investors with the ability to participate directly in the ownership or financing of real-estate related assets by pooling their capital to purchase and manage mortgage loans and/or income property.




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Recourse Debt
Debt on which the economic borrower is obligated to repay the entire balance regardless of the value of the pledged collateral. By contrast, the economic borrower’s obligation to repay non-recourse debt is limited to the value of the pledged collateral. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Securitized debt, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.

Reinvestment Risk
The risk that interest income or principal repayments will have to be reinvested at lower rates in a declining rate environment.

Re-Performing Loan (“RPL”)
A type of loan in which payments were previously delinquent by at least 90 days but have resumed.

Repurchase Agreement
The sale of securities to investors with the agreement to buy them back at a higher price after a specified time period; a form of short-term borrowing. For the party on the other end of the  transaction (buying the security and agreeing to sell in the future) it is a reverse repurchase agreement.

Residential Securities
Refers to Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities.

Residual
In securitizations, the residual is the tranche that collects any cash flow from the collateral that remains after obligations to the other tranches have been met.

Return on Average Equity
Calculated by taking earnings divided by average stockholders’ equity.

Reverse Repurchase Agreement
Refer to Repurchase Agreement. The buyer of securities effectively provides a collateralized loan to the seller.

Risk Appetite Statement
Defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy.


S
 
Secondary Market
Ongoing market for bonds previously offered or sold in the primary market.


 
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)
Broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities and was chosen by the Alternative Reference Rate Committee as the preferred benchmark rate to replace dollar LIBOR in coming years.

Settlement Date
The date securities must be delivered and paid for to complete a transaction.

Short-Term Debt
Generally, debt which matures in one year or less. However, certain securities that mature in up to three years may be considered short-term debt.

Spread
When buying or selling a bond through a brokerage firm, investors will be charged a commission or spread, which is the difference between the market price and cost of purchase, and sometimes a service fee. Spreads differ based on several factors including liquidity.


T
 
Target Assets
Includes Agency mortgage-backed securities, to-be-announced forward contracts, CRT securities, MSRs, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments, and corporate debt.

Taxable REIT Subsidiary (“TRS”)
An entity that is owned directly or indirectly by a REIT and has jointly elected with the REIT to be treated as a TRS for tax purposes. Annaly and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs.

To-Be-Announced Securities (“TBAs”)
A contract for the purchase or sale of a mortgage-backed security to be delivered at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date but does not include a specified pool number and number of pools.

TBA Dollar Roll Income
TBA dollar roll income is defined as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. TBA dollar roll income represents the equivalent of interest income on the underlying security less an implied cost of financing.




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Total Return
Investment performance measure over a stated time period which includes coupon interest, interest on interest, and any realized and unrealized gains or losses.

Total Return Swap
A derivative instrument where one party makes payments at a predetermined rate (either fixed or variable) while receiving a return on a specific asset (generally an equity index, loan or bond) held by the counterparty.


U
 
Unencumbered Assets
Assets on our balance sheet which have not been pledged as collateral against an existing liability.

U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprise (“GSE”) Obligations
Obligations of Agencies originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.


V
 
Value-at-Risk (“VaR”)
A statistical technique which measures the potential loss in value of an asset or portfolio over a defined period for a given confidence interval.

Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”)
An entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.

Variation Margin
Cash or securities provided by a party to collateralize its obligations under a transaction as a result of a change in value of such transaction since the trade was executed or the last time collateral was provided.
 
Volatility
A statistical measure of the variance of price or yield over time. Volatility is low if the price does not change very much over a short period of time, and high if there is a greater change.

Voting Interest Entity (“VOE”)
An entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest.


W
 
Warehouse Lending
A line of credit extended to a loan originator to fund mortgages extended by the loan originators to property purchasers. The loan typically lasts from the time the mortgage is originated to when the mortgage is sold into the secondary market, whether directly or through a securitization.  Warehouse lending can provide liquidity to the loan origination market.

Weighted Average Coupon
The weighted average interest rate of the underlying mortgage loans or pools that serve as collateral for a security, weighted by the size of the principal loan balances.

Weighted Average Life (“WAL”)
The assumed weighted average amount of time that will elapse from the date of a security’s issuance until each dollar of principal is repaid to the investor. The WAL will change as the security ages and depending on the actual realized rate at which principal, scheduled and unscheduled, is paid on the loans underlying the MBS.


Y
 
Yield-to-Maturity
The expected rate of return of a bond if it is held to its maturity date; calculated by taking into account the current market price, stated redemption value, coupon payments and time to maturity and assuming all coupons are reinvested at the same rate; equivalent to the internal rate of return.


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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are contained within the section titled “Risk Management” of Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (the CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (the CFO), reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures, as designed, (1) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (2) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms. 
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
From time to time, we are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. At September 30, 2019, we were not party to any pending material legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in our Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this quarterly report or our most recent annual report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
On June 3, 2019 we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding common shares through December 31, 2020. The following table sets forth information with respect to this share repurchase program for the quarter ended September 30, 2019.
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid Per Share (1)
The total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced repurchase plans or programs(1)
Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under The Plan (1)
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
September 1, 2019 - September 30, 2019
18,298,944

$
8.47

$
155,030

$
1,344,970

Total
18,298,944

 
$
155,030

$
1,344,970

 
 
 
 
 
(1)    Excludes commission costs.
 
 
 
 
 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
Exhibits:

The exhibits required by this item are set forth on the Exhibit Index attached hereto. 



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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES


Exhibit Number
Exhibit Description
 
  
101.INS XBRL
The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. The following documents are formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at September 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 (Derived from the audited Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at December 31, 2018); (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
101.SCH XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF XBRL
Additional Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document Created
101.LAB XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE XBRL
Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104
The cover page for the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).



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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of New York, State of New York.
 
 
 
 
ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
 
 
 
Dated:
October 31, 2019
 
By: /s/ Kevin G. Keyes
 
 
 
Kevin G. Keyes
 
 
 
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
Dated:  
October 31, 2019
 
By: /s/ Glenn A. Votek
 
 
 
Glenn A. Votek
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)




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