UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED:  June 30, 2019

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______________ TO _________________

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER:  1-13447

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Maryland		22-3479661
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(IRS Employer Identification No.)
1211 Avenue of the Americas
New York,	New York	10036
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(212) 696-0100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	NLY	New York Stock Exchange
7.50% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	NLY.D	New York Stock Exchange
6.95% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	NLY.F	New York Stock Exchange
6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	NLY.G	New York Stock Exchange
6.75% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	NLY.I	New York Stock Exchange

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐    No  ☑

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on July 26, 2019 was 1,456,263,410.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I  -  FINANCIAL INFORMATION	Page
Item 1.  Financial Statements	1
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 (Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2018)	1
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	2
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	4
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	5
Note 1. Description of Business	5
Note 2. Basis of Presentation	5
Note 3. Significant Accounting Policies	5
Note 4. Financial Instruments	9
Note 5. Securities	9
Note 6. Loans	13
Note 7. Mortgage Servicing Rights	18
Note 8. Variable Interest Entities	18
Note 9. Real Estate	21
Note 10. Derivative Instruments	22
Note 11. Fair Value Measurements	28
Note 12. Goodwill and Intangible Assets	30
Note 13. Secured Financing	31
Note 14. Capital Stock	34
Note 15. Interest Income and Interest Expense	36
Note 16. Net Income (Loss) per Common Share	37
Note 17. Income Taxes	37
Note 18. Risk Management	38
Note 19. Related Party Transactions	39
Note 20. Lease Commitments and Contingencies	40
Note 21. Arcola Regulatory Requirements	41
Note 22. Acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp.	41
Note 23. Subsequent Events	43
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	44
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements	44
Overview	46
Business Environment	46
Results of Operations	47
Financial Condition	56
Capital Management	60
Risk Management	62
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	71
Glossary of Terms	72
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	80
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	80
PART II  -  OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	81
Item 1A. Risk Factors	81
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	81
Item 6. Exhibits	81
SIGNATURES	83

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (dollars in thousands, except per share data)
	June 30,				December 31,
	2019				2018 (1)
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents (includes pledged assets of $1,764,012 and $1,581,775, respectively) (2)	$	1,982,311			$	1,735,749
Securities (includes pledged assets of $113,624,573 and $87,193,316, respectively) (3)	119,926,869				92,623,788
Loans, net (includes pledged assets of $2,614,982 and $2,997,051, respectively) (4)	3,546,468				4,585,975
Mortgage servicing rights (includes pledged assets of $2,982 and $3,616, respectively)	425,328				557,813
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	4,211,582				3,833,200
Real estate, net	733,196				739,473
Derivative assets	75,142				200,503
Reverse repurchase agreements	—				650,040
Receivable for unsettled trades	5,322				68,779
Interest receivable	440,940				357,365
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	96,591				100,854
Other assets	357,027				333,988
Total assets	$	131,800,776			$	105,787,527
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Liabilities
Repurchase agreements	$	105,181,241			$	81,115,874
Other secured financing	4,127,989				4,183,311
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	3,470,168				3,347,062
Mortgages payable	498,772				511,056
Derivative liabilities	1,043,197				889,750
Payable for unsettled trades	620,784				583,036
Interest payable	691,327				570,928
Dividends payable	364,066				394,129
Other liabilities	95,825				74,580
Total liabilities	116,093,369				91,669,726
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 92,150,000 and 75,950,000 authorized, 87,200,000 and 73,400,000 issued and outstanding, respectively	2,110,346				1,778,168
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 2,907,850,000 and 1,924,050,000 authorized, 1,456,263,410 and 1,313,763,450 issued and outstanding, respectively	14,562				13,138
Additional paid-in capital	20,195,419				18,794,331
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	1,365,003				(1,979,865		)
Accumulated deficit	(7,982,649		)		(4,493,660		)
Total stockholders’ equity	15,702,681				14,112,112
Noncontrolling interests	4,726				5,689
Total equity	15,707,407				14,117,801
Total liabilities and equity	$	131,800,776			$	105,787,527

(1)	Derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2018.

(2)	Includes cash of consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) of $48.3 million and $30.4 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(3)	Excludes $327.9 million and $83.6 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and $168.0 million and $224.3 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, of commercial mortgage-backed securities in consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral and eliminated from the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(4)	Includes $119.7 million and $97.5 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale, $41.9 million and $42.2 million of commercial mortgage loans held for sale and $26.9 million and $0 of corporate loans held for sale at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

1

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (dollars in thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)
	For The Three Months Ended June 30,								For The Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
Net interest income
Interest income	$	927,598			$	776,806			$	1,793,784			$	1,656,293
Interest expense	750,217				442,692				1,397,912				810,113
Net interest income	177,381				334,114				395,872				846,180
Realized and unrealized gains (losses)
Net interest component of interest rate swaps	83,653				31,475				217,688				(16,685		)
Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps	(167,491		)		—				(755,747		)		834
Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps	(1,276,019		)		343,475				(1,666,575		)		1,320,760
Subtotal	(1,359,857		)		374,950				(2,204,634		)		1,304,909
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments	(38,333		)		(66,117		)		(132,249		)		(52,649		)
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives	(506,411		)		34,189				(621,570		)		(12,956		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings	(4,881		)		(48,376		)		42,748				(99,969		)
Loan loss provision	—				—				(5,703		)		—
Subtotal	(549,625		)		(80,304		)		(716,774		)		(165,574		)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)	(1,909,482		)		294,646				(2,921,408		)		1,139,335
Other income (loss)	28,181				34,170				58,683				68,193
General and administrative expenses
Compensation and management fee	44,231				45,579				89,064				90,108
Other general and administrative expenses	34,177				18,202				73,081				36,183
Total general and administrative expenses	78,408				63,781				162,145				126,291
Income (loss) before income taxes	(1,782,328		)		599,149				(2,628,998		)		1,927,417
Income taxes	(5,915		)		3,262				(3,334		)		3,826
Net income (loss)	(1,776,413		)		595,887				(2,625,664		)		1,923,591
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly	(1,776,330		)		595,919				(2,625,480		)		1,923,719
Dividends on preferred stock (1)	32,422				31,377				64,916				65,143
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	(1,808,752	)		$	564,542			$	(2,690,396	)		$	1,858,576
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders
Basic	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Diluted	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Basic	1,456,038,736				1,160,436,777				1,427,485,102				1,160,029,575
Diluted	1,456,038,736				1,160,979,451				1,427,485,102				1,160,543,580
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Net income (loss)	$	(1,776,413	)		$	595,887			$	(2,625,664	)		$	1,923,591
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	1,654,783				(505,130		)		3,254,181				(2,384,609		)
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income (loss)	29,596				70,763				90,687				76,182
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,684,379				(434,367		)		3,344,868				(2,308,427		)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(92,034		)		161,520				719,204				(384,836		)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Annaly	(91,951		)		161,552				719,388				(384,708		)
Dividends on preferred stock (1)	32,422				31,377				64,916				65,143
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	(124,373	)		$	130,175			$	654,472			$	(449,851	)

(1)	The three and six months ended June 30, 2019 include cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on the Company's Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in thousands) (Unaudited)
		For The Three Months Ended June 30,								For The Six Months Ended June 30,
		2019				2018				2019				2018
Preferred stock
Beginning of period		$	1,778,168			$	1,723,168			$	1,778,168			$	1,720,381
Issuance		387,178				—				387,178				411,335
Redemption		(55,000		)		—				(55,000		)		(408,548		)
End of period		$	2,110,346			$	1,723,168			$	2,110,346			$	1,723,168
Common stock
Beginning of period		$	14,481			$	11,597			$	13,138			$	11,596
Issuance		80				46				1,422				46
Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment		1				—				2				1
End of period		$	14,562			$	11,643			$	14,562			$	11,643
Additional paid-in capital
Beginning of period		$	20,112,875			$	17,218,191			$	18,794,331			$	17,221,265
Stock compensation expense		1,633				1,488				1,811				1,621
Issuance		80,009				48,117				1,397,484				48,117
Redemption of preferred stock		—				—				—				(3,952		)
Direct purchase and dividend reinvestment		902				800				1,793				1,545
End of period		$	20,195,419			$	17,268,596			$	20,195,419			$	17,268,596
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Beginning of period		$	(319,376	)		$	(3,000,080	)		$	(1,979,865	)		$	(1,126,020	)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities		1,654,783				(505,130		)		3,254,181				(2,384,609		)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (loss)		29,596				70,763				90,687				76,182
End of period		$	1,365,003			$	(3,434,447	)		$	1,365,003			$	(3,434,447	)
Accumulated deficit
Beginning of period		$	(5,809,931	)		$	(2,015,612	)		$	(4,493,660	)		$	(2,961,749	)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly		(1,776,330		)		595,919				(2,625,480		)		1,923,719
Dividends declared on preferred stock (1)		(32,122		)		(31,377		)		(64,616		)		(65,143		)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards (1)		(364,266		)		(349,300		)		(798,893		)		(697,197		)
End of period		$	(7,982,649	)		$	(1,800,370	)		$	(7,982,649	)		$	(1,800,370	)
Total stockholder’s equity		$	15,702,681			$	13,768,590			$	15,702,681			$	13,768,590
Noncontrolling interests
Beginning of period		$	5,227			$	5,671			$	5,689			$	6,100
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Equity contributions from (distributions to) noncontrolling interests		(418		)		(373		)		(779		)		(706		)
End of period		$	4,726			$	5,266			$	4,726			$	5,266
Total equity		$	15,707,407			$	13,773,856			$	15,707,407			$	13,773,856
(1)    See Note titled “Capital Stock” for dividends per share for each class of shares.

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
	For The Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	(2,625,664	)		$	1,923,591
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Amortization of premiums and discounts of investments, net	569,406				289,693
Amortization of securitized debt premiums and discounts and deferred financing costs	(11,020		)		(202		)
Depreciation, amortization and other noncash expenses	16,538				12,907
Net (gains) losses on disposals of investments	132,249				52,649
Net (gains) losses on investments and derivatives	2,245,397				(1,207,835		)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,681				5,067
Loan loss provision	5,703				—
Payments on purchases of loans held for sale	(134,504		)		(110,350		)
Proceeds from sales and repayments of loans held for sale	113,835				46,721
Net receipts (payments) on derivatives	(2,051,618		)		1,286,408
Net change in
Other assets	(20,707		)		(98,456		)
Interest receivable	(75,283		)		759
Interest payable	120,399				225,371
Other liabilities	26,498				(136,273		)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(1,686,090		)		2,290,050
Cash flows from investing activities
Payments on purchases of Residential Securities	(43,574,404		)		(7,309,307		)
Proceeds from sales of Residential Securities	13,096,706				3,365,971
Principal payments on Residential Securities	6,062,830				5,664,811
Payments on purchases of MSRs	—				(381		)
Payments on purchases of corporate debt	(250,247		)		(464,496		)
Proceeds from sales of corporate debt	235,131				—
Principal payments on corporate debt	87,242				226,723
Originations and purchases of commercial real estate investments	(438,218		)		(358,179		)
Proceeds from sales of commercial real estate investments	193,846				28,079
Principal repayments on commercial real estate investments	1,570,693				395,325
Proceeds from sales of real estate	6,661				—
Proceeds from reverse repurchase agreements	59,546,512				41,248,786
Payments on reverse repurchase agreements	(58,896,472		)		(41,508,548		)
Distributions in excess of cumulative earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures	256				4,133
Payments on purchases of residential mortgage loans held for investment	(972,812		)		(373,051		)
Proceeds from repayments of residential mortgage loans held for investment	316,406				153,722
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(23,015,870		)		1,073,588
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from repurchase agreements and other secured financing	2,807,924,726				2,727,664,289
Principal payments on repurchase agreements and other secured financing	(2,783,914,681		)		(2,729,676,977		)
Proceeds from issuances of securitized debt	1,614,580				279,203
Principal repayments on securitized debt	(1,497,815		)		(488,335		)
Payment of deferred financing cost	(4,524		)		—
Net proceeds from stock offerings, direct purchases and dividend reinvestments	1,787,879				461,044
Redemptions of preferred stock	(55,000		)		(412,500		)
Principal payments on mortgages payable	(12,475		)		—
Net contributions (distributions) from (to) noncontrolling interests	(779		)		(706		)
Dividends paid	(893,389		)		(760,916		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	24,948,522				(2,934,898		)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	246,562			$	428,740
Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, beginning of period	1,735,749				706,589
Cash and cash equivalents including cash pledged as collateral, end of period	$	1,982,311			$	1,135,329
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest received	$	2,296,054			$	1,879,931
Dividends received	$	4,186			$	3,355
Interest paid (excluding interest paid on interest rate swaps)	$	1,277,824			$	740,186
Net interest paid on interest rate swaps	$	(190,108	)		$	(141,772	)
Taxes received (paid)	$	204			$	136
Noncash investing activities
Receivable for unsettled trades	$	5,322			$	21,728
Payable for unsettled trades	$	620,784			$	1,108,834
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment	$	3,344,868			$	(2,308,427	)
Noncash financing activities
Dividends declared, not yet paid	$	364,066			$	349,300

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Annaly Capital Management, Inc. (the “Company” or “Annaly”) is a Maryland corporation that commenced operations on February 18, 1997.  The Company is a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. The Company owns a portfolio of real estate related investments, including mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations, credit risk transfer (“CRT”) securities, other securities representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans, mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), commercial real estate assets and corporate debt. The Company’s principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to its stockholders and to preserve capital through prudent selection of investments and continuous management of its portfolio. The Company is externally managed by Annaly Management Company LLC (the “Manager”).

The Company’s four investment groups are primarily comprised of the following:

Investment Groups	Description
Annaly Agency Group	Invests in Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) collateralized by residential mortgages which are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Annaly Residential Credit Group	Invests primarily in non-Agency residential mortgage assets within securitized products and residential mortgage loan markets.
Annaly Commercial Real Estate Group	Originates and invests in commercial mortgage loans, securities, and other commercial real estate debt and equity investments.
Annaly Middle Market Lending Group	Provides financing to private equity-backed middle market businesses across the capital structure.

The Company has elected to be taxed as a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) as defined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Code”).

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the “2018 Form 10-K”). The consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2018 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balance sheet amounts and/or disclosures at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments have been included for a fair presentation of this interim financial information. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described below or are included elsewhere in these notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the entities where the Company has a controlling financial interest. In order to determine whether the Company has a controlling financial interest, it first evaluates whether an entity is a voting interest entity (“VOE”) or a variable interest entity (“VIE”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Voting Interest Entities – A VOE is an entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest. The Company consolidates VOEs where it has a majority of the voting equity of such VOE.

Variable Interest Entities – A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated

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Item 1. Financial Statements

financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party that has both (i) the power to control the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE causes the Company’s consolidation conclusion to change. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information.

Equity Method Investments - For entities that are not consolidated, but where the Company has significant influence over the operating or financial decisions of the entity, the Company accounts for the investment under the equity method of accounting. In accordance with the equity method of accounting, the Company will recognize its share of earnings or losses of the investee in the period in which they are reported by the investee. The Company also considers whether there are any indicators of other-than-temporary impairment of joint ventures accounted for under the equity method. These investments are included in Real estate, net and Other assets with income or loss included in Other income (loss).

Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in money market funds on an overnight basis and cash pledged as collateral with counterparties. Cash deposited with clearing organizations is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations and collateral held in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to the Company’s interest rate swaps and other derivatives totaled $1.8 billion and $1.6 billion at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Equity Securities – The Company may invest in equity securities that are not accounted for under the equity method or do not result in consolidation. These equity securities are required to be reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings, unless the securities do not have readily determinable fair values.  For such equity securities without readily determinable fair values, the Company has elected to carry the securities at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. For equity securities carried at fair value through earnings, dividends are recorded in earnings on the declaration date. Dividends from equity securities without readily determinable fair values are recognized as income when received to the extent they are distributed from net accumulated earnings.

Fair Value Measurements and the Fair Value Option – The Company reports various investments at fair value, including certain eligible financial instruments elected to be accounted for under the fair value option (“FVO”). The Company chooses to elect the fair value option in order to simplify the accounting treatment for certain financial instruments. Items for which the fair value option has been elected are presented at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and any change in fair value is recorded in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). For additional information regarding financial instruments for which the Company has elected the fair value option see the table in the “Financial Instruments” Note.

Refer to the “Fair Value Measurements” Note for a complete discussion on the methodology utilized by the Company to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments.

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities - The Company elected to present all derivative instruments on a gross basis as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note. Reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition if they are subject to netting agreements and they meet the offsetting criteria. Please see below and refer to the “Secured Financing” Note for further discussion on reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements.

Derivative Instruments – Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for further discussion.

Stock Based Compensation – The Company is required to measure and recognize in the consolidated financial statements the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions. The Company recognizes compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period for the entire award.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

Interest Income - The Company recognizes coupon income, which is a component of interest income, based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the financial instruments and their contractual terms. In addition, the Company amortizes or accretes premiums or discounts into interest income for its Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than multifamily securities), taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield.  The Company recalculates the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date, which results in a cumulative premium amortization adjustment in each period. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.

Premiums or discounts associated with the purchase of Agency interest-only securities, reverse mortgages and residential credit securities are amortized or accreted into interest income based upon current expected future cash flows with any adjustment to yield made on a prospective basis.

Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of residential mortgage loans and with those transferred or pledged to securitization trusts are primarily amortized or accreted into interest income over their estimated remaining lives using the effective interest rates inherent in the estimated cash flows from the mortgage loans. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are presented in Interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Refer to the “Interest Income and Interest Expense” Note for further discussion of interest income.

Income Taxes – The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT and intends to comply with the provisions of the Code, with respect thereto. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”).  As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon its taxable income. Refer to the “Income Taxes” Note for further discussion on income taxes.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”).  ASUs not listed below were not applicable, not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements when adopted or did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

Standard	Description	Effective Date	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Standards that are not yet adopted
ASU 2016-13 Financial instruments - Credit losses (Topic 326): Measurement of credit losses on financial instruments	This ASU updates the existing incurred loss model to a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model for financial assets and net investments in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through earnings.  The amendments affect certain loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope.  There are also limited amendments to the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities.	January 1, 2020 (early adoption permitted)	The Company plans to adopt the new standard on its effective date. While the Company is continuing to assess the impact the ASU will have on the consolidated financial statements, the measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL model will be based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts of the financial assets in scope of the model. The Company has decided to apply a probability of default methodology to loans and loan commitments that will be impacted by the adoption and is continuing to assess the impact on the consolidated financial statements and determine appropriate internal controls and financial statement disclosures. Further, based on the amended guidance for available-for-sale debt securities, the Company does not expect a significant impact to its securities portfolio.
Standard	Description	Effective Date	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
Standards that were adopted
ASU 2017-01 Business combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the definition of a business	This update provides a screen to determine and a framework to evaluate when a set of assets and activities is a business.	January 1, 2018	The amendments are expected to result in fewer transactions being accounted for as business combinations.
ASU 2016-15 Statement of cash flows (Topic 230): Classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments	This update provides specific guidance on certain cash flow classification issues, including classification of cash receipts and payments that have aspects of more than one class of cash flows. If cash flows cannot be separated by source or use, the appropriate classification should depend on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flows.	January 1, 2018	As a result of adopting this standard, the Company reclassified its cash flows on reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements entered into by Arcola Securities, Inc. (“Arcola”) from operating activities to investing and financing activities, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company applied the retrospective transition method, which resulted in reclassification of comparative periods.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

4. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following table presents characteristics for certain of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Financial Instruments (1)
Balance Sheet Line Item	Type / Form	Measurement Basis	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Securities	Agency mortgage-backed securities (2)	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income	$	117,336,519			$	89,840,322
Securities	Agency mortgage-backed securities (3)	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	865,521				912,673
Securities	Credit risk transfer securities	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	491,969				552,097
Securities	Non-agency mortgage-backed securities	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	1,097,752				1,161,938
Securities	Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through other comprehensive income	63,968				138,242
Securities	Commercial real estate debt investments - CMBS (4)	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	71,140				18,516
Total securities			119,926,869				92,623,788
Loans, net	Residential mortgage loans	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	1,061,124				1,359,806
Loans, net	Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment	Amortized cost	623,705				1,296,803
Loans, net	Commercial loans held for sale, net	Lower of amortized cost or fair value	41,896				42,184
Loans, net	Corporate debt, held for investment	Amortized cost	1,792,837				1,887,182
Loans, net	Corporate debt held for sale, net	Lower of amortized cost or fair value	26,906				—
Total loans, net			3,546,468				4,585,975
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	Residential mortgage loans	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	2,106,981				1,094,831
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	Commercial mortgage loans	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	1,314,701				2,738,369
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	Commercial mortgage loans	Amortized cost	789,900				—
Total assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles			4,211,582				3,833,200
Reverse repurchase agreements	Reverse repurchase agreements	Amortized cost	—				650,040
	Liabilities
Repurchase agreements	Repurchase agreements	Amortized cost	105,181,241				81,115,874
Other secured financing	Loans	Amortized cost	4,127,989				4,183,311
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	Securities	Fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) through earnings	3,470,168				3,347,062
Mortgages payable	Loans	Amortized cost	498,772				511,056
(1)     Receivable for unsettled trades, Interest receivable, Payable for unsettled trades, Interest payable and Dividends payable are accounted for at cost. (2)     Includes Agency pass-through, collateralized mortgage obligation (“CMO”) and multifamily securities. (3)     Includes interest-only securities and reverse mortgages. (4)     Includes conduit CMBS.

5. SECURITIES

The Company’s investments in securities include agency, credit risk transfer, non-agency and commercial mortgage-backed securities. All of the debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income, unless the fair value option is elected in which case changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Transactions for securities are recorded on trade date, including TBA securities that meet the regular-way securities scope exception from derivative accounting. Gains and losses on disposals of securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment – Management evaluates available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. 

When the fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than its amortized cost, the security is considered impaired. For securities that are impaired, the Company determines if it (1) has the intent to sell the security, (2) is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (3) does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security.  Further, the security is analyzed for credit loss (the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis). The credit loss, if any, will then be recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), while the balance of losses related to other factors will be recognized as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss).  When the fair value of a held-to-maturity security is less than the cost, the Company performs an analysis to determine whether it expects to recover the entire cost basis of the security. There was no other-than-temporary impairment recognized for the three or six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations and other MBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential or multifamily mortgage loans and certificates. Many of the underlying loans and certificates are guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) or the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) (collectively, “Agency mortgage-backed securities”). 

Agency mortgage-backed securities may include forward contracts for Agency mortgage-backed securities purchases or sales of a generic pool, on a to-be-announced basis (“TBA securities”). TBA securities without intent to accept delivery (“TBA derivatives”), are accounted for as derivatives as discussed in the “Derivative Instruments” Note.

CRT Securities - CRT securities are risk sharing instruments issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. CRT securities are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to private investors.

Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities - The Company invests in non-Agency mortgage-backed securities such as those issued in prime loan, Alt-A loan, subprime loan, non-performing loan (“NPL”) and re-performing loan (“RPL”) securitizations.

Agency mortgage-backed securities, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities are referred to herein as “Residential Securities.” Although the Company generally intends to hold most of its Residential Securities until maturity, it may, from time to time, sell any of its Residential Securities as part of the overall management of its portfolio.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“Commercial Securities”) - Certain commercial mortgage-backed securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of Other comprehensive income (loss). Management evaluates such Commercial Securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly. The Company elected the fair value option on certain Commercial Securities, including conduit commercial mortgage-backed securities, to simplify the accounting where the unrealized gains and losses on these financial instruments are recorded through earnings.

The following represents a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s securities for the six months ended June 30, 2019:

	Residential Securities				Commercial Securities				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2019	$	92,467,030			$	156,758			$	92,623,788
Purchases	50,015,524				107,718				50,123,242
Sales	(19,548,899		)		(92,366		)		(19,641,265		)
Principal paydowns	(6,062,713		)		(43,105		)		(6,105,818		)
(Amortization) / accretion	(566,071		)		349				(565,722		)
Fair value adjustment	3,486,890				5,754				3,492,644
Ending balance June 30, 2019	$	119,791,761			$	135,108			$	119,926,869

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables present the Company’s Residential Investment Securities portfolio that was carried at their fair value at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

	June 30, 2019
	Principal / Notional				Remaining Premium				Remaining Discount				Amortized Cost				Unrealized Gains				Unrealized Losses				Estimated Fair Value
Agency	(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through	$	105,780,191			$	4,540,458			$	(39,619	)		$	110,281,030			$	1,584,896			$	(343,418	)		$	111,522,508
Adjustable-rate pass-through	3,260,731				167,235				(1,416		)		3,426,550				10,032				(70,286		)		3,366,296
CMO	10,156				47				—				10,203				281				—				10,484
Interest-only	5,175,612				1,016,856				—				1,016,856				3,223				(192,330		)		827,749
Multifamily	2,242,153				19,191				(2,499		)		2,258,845				178,386				—				2,437,231
Reverse mortgages	34,320				3,861				—				38,181				—				(409		)		37,772
Total agency securities	$	116,503,163			$	5,747,648			$	(43,534	)		$	117,031,665			$	1,776,818			$	(606,443	)		$	118,202,040
Residential credit
CRT (1)	$	481,758			$	19,561			$	(2,406	)		$	483,988			$	10,817			$	(2,836	)		$	491,969
Alt-A	204,398				341				(30,027		)		174,712				16,847				(71		)		191,488
Prime	257,216				1,157				(19,093		)		239,280				17,389				(189		)		256,480
Prime interest-only	188,979				2,407				—				2,407				—				(162		)		2,245
Subprime	439,485				2,854				(59,535		)		382,804				41,809				(143		)		424,470
NPL/RPL	8,431				—				(15		)		8,416				20				—				8,436
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)	204,020				1,069				(4,369		)		200,720				5,054				—				205,774
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only	611,050				9,730				—				9,730				386				(1,257		)		8,859
Total residential credit securities	$	2,395,337			$	37,119			$	(115,445	)		$	1,502,057			$	92,322			$	(4,658	)		$	1,589,721
Total Residential Securities	$	118,898,500			$	5,784,767			$	(158,979	)		$	118,533,722			$	1,869,140			$	(611,101	)		$	119,791,761
Commercial
Commercial Securities	$	136,666			$	349			$	(8,460	)		$	128,555			$	6,553			$	—			$	135,108
Total securities	$	119,035,166			$	5,785,116			$	(167,439	)		$	118,662,277			$	1,875,693			$	(611,101	)		$	119,926,869
	December 31, 2018
	Principal / Notional				Remaining Premium				Remaining Discount				Amortized Cost				Unrealized Gains				Unrealized Losses				Estimated Fair Value
Agency	(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through	$	81,144,650			$	3,810,808			$	(36,987	)		$	84,918,471			$	264,443			$	(2,130,362	)		$	83,052,552
Adjustable-rate pass-through	4,835,983				247,981				(1,337		)		5,082,627				7,127				(151,770		)		4,937,984
CMO	11,113				53				—				11,166				55				—				11,221
Interest-only	6,007,008				1,179,855				—				1,179,855				1,446				(307,412		)		873,889
Multifamily	1,802,292				12,329				(5,332		)		1,809,289				32,753				(3,477		)		1,838,565
Reverse mortgages	34,650				4,175				—				38,825				69				(110		)		38,784
Total agency investments	$	93,835,696			$	5,255,201			$	(43,656	)		$	93,040,233			$	305,893			$	(2,593,131	)		$	90,752,995
Residential credit
CRT	$	542,374			$	28,444			$	(15,466	)		$	555,352			$	7,879			$	(11,134	)		$	552,097
Alt-A	202,889				349				(31,238		)		172,000				10,559				(198		)		182,361
Prime	353,108				2,040				(23,153		)		331,995				12,821				(830		)		343,986
Subprime	423,166				1,776				(65,005		)		359,937				35,278				(594		)		394,621
NPL/RPL	3,431				—				(30		)		3,401				37				—				3,438
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)	225,567				1,087				(4,691		)		221,963				1,439				(2,744		)		220,658
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) Interest-only	860,085				12,820				—				12,820				4,054				—				16,874
Total residential credit securities	$	2,610,620			$	46,516			$	(139,583	)		$	1,657,468			$	72,067			$	(15,500	)		$	1,714,035
Total Residential Securities	$	96,446,316			$	5,301,717			$	(183,239	)		$	94,697,701			$	377,960			$	(2,608,631	)		$	92,467,030
Commercial
Commercial Securities	$	155,921			$	9,778			$	(9,740	)		$	155,959			$	1,659			$	(860	)		$	156,758
Total securities	$	96,602,237			$	5,311,495			$	(192,979	)		$	94,853,660			$	379,619			$	(2,609,491	)		$	92,623,788

(1)	Principal/Notional amount includes $14.9 million of a CRT interest-only security as of June 30, 2019.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table presents the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio by issuing Agency concentration at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Investment Type	(dollars in thousands)
Fannie Mae	$	75,009,975			$	60,270,432
Freddie Mac	43,049,088				30,397,556
Ginnie Mae	142,977				85,007
Total	$	118,202,040			$	90,752,995

Actual maturities of the Company’s Residential Securities are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities because actual maturities of the portfolio are generally affected by periodic payments and prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgages.

The following table summarizes the Company’s Residential Securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, according to their estimated weighted average life classifications:

	June 30, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Estimated Fair Value				Amortized Cost				Estimated Fair Value				Amortized Cost
Estimated weighted average life	(dollars in thousands)
Less than one year	$	19,692			$	19,917			$	13,447			$	13,670
Greater than one year through five years	43,936,556				43,160,455				11,710,172				11,928,973
Greater than five years through ten years	75,675,118				75,202,911				80,202,479				82,218,464
Greater than ten years	160,395				150,439				540,932				536,594
Total	$	119,791,761			$	118,533,722			$	92,467,030			$	94,697,701

The estimated weighted average lives of the Residential Securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 in the table above are based upon projected principal prepayment rates. The actual weighted average lives of the Residential Securities could be longer or shorter than projected.

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities, accounted for as available-for-sale where the fair value option has not been elected, by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

	June 30, 2019											December 31, 2018
	Estimated Fair Value (1)				Gross Unrealized Losses (1)				Number of Securities (1)			Estimated Fair Value (1)				Gross Unrealized Losses (1)				Number of Securities (1)
	(dollars in thousands)
Less than 12 months	$	31,909,281			$	(413,704	)		1,030			$	22,418,036			$	(432,352	)		713
12 Months or more	—				—				—			43,134,843				(1,853,257		)		1,476
Total	$	31,909,281			$	(413,704	)		1,030			$	65,552,879			$	(2,285,609	)		2,189
(1)     Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities and reverse mortgages.

The decline in value of these securities is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets.  Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating.  The investments are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired because the Company currently has the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company disposed of $9.1 billion and $19.5 billion of Residential Securities, resulting in net realized gains (losses) of ($34.3) million and ($126.8) million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company disposed of $2.9 billion and $3.4 billion of Residential Securities, resulting in net realized gains (losses) of ($63.1) million and ($50.0) million, respectively.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

6. LOANS

The Company invests in residential, commercial and corporate loans. Loans are classified as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans are also eligible to be accounted for under the fair value option. Excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, as of June 30, 2019, the Company reported $1.1 billion of loans for which the fair value option was elected. If loans are held for investment and the fair value option has not been elected, they are accounted for at amortized cost less impairment. If the Company intends to sell or securitize the loans and the securitization vehicle is not expected to be consolidated, the loans are classified as held for sale. If loans are held for sale and the fair value option was not elected, they are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. Any origination fees and costs or purchase premiums or discounts are deferred and recognized upon sale. The Company determines the fair value of loans held for sale on an individual loan basis.

Nonaccrual Status – If collection of a loan’s principal or interest is in doubt or the loan is 90 days or more past due, interest income is not accrued. For nonaccrual status loans carried at fair value or held for sale, interest is not accrued, but is recognized on a cash basis. For nonaccrual status loans carried at amortized cost, if collection of principal is not in doubt, but collection of interest is in doubt, interest income is recognized on a cash basis. If collection of principal is in doubt, any interest received is applied against principal until collectability of the remaining balance is no longer in doubt; at that point, any interest income is recognized on a cash basis. Generally, a loan is returned to accrual status when the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual obligation, if all principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time and there is a sustained period of repayment performance by the borrower.

Allowance for Losses – The Company evaluates the need for a loss reserve on its loans. A provision for loan losses may be established when it is probable the Company will not collect amounts contractually due or all amounts previously estimated to be collectible. Management assesses the credit quality of the portfolio and adequacy of loan loss reserves on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary. Significant judgment is required in this analysis. Depending on the expected recovery of its investment, the Company considers the estimated net recoverable value of the loans as well as other factors, including but not limited to the fair value of any collateral, the amount and the status of any senior debt, the prospects for the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business. To determine if loan loss allowances are required on investments in corporate debt, the Company reviews the monthly and/or quarterly financial statements of the borrowers, verifies loan compliance packages, if applicable, and analyzes current results relative to budgets and sensitivities performed at inception of the investment.  Because these determinations are based upon projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amounts ultimately realized may differ materially from the carrying value as of the reporting date.

The Company may be exposed to various levels of credit risk depending on the nature of its investments and credit enhancements, if any, supporting its assets. The Company’s core investment process includes procedures related to the initial approval and periodic monitoring of credit risk and other risks associated with each investment.  The Company’s investment underwriting procedures include evaluation of the underlying borrowers’ ability to manage and operate their respective properties or companies.  Management reviews loan-to-value metrics at origination or acquisition of a new investment and if events occur that trigger re-evaluation by management.

Management generally reviews the most recent financial information produced by the borrower, which may include, but is not limited to, net operating income (“NOI”), debt service coverage ratios, property debt yields (net cash flow or NOI divided by the amount of outstanding indebtedness), loan per unit and rent rolls relating to each of the Company’s commercial real estate loans and preferred equity interests (“CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments”), and may consider other factors management deems important. Management also reviews market pricing to determine each borrower’s ability to refinance their respective assets at the maturity of each loan, economic trends (both macro and those affecting the property specifically), and the supply and demand of competing projects in the sub-market in which each subject property is located.  Management monitors the financial condition and operating results of its borrowers and continually assesses the future outlook of the borrower’s financial performance in light of industry developments, management changes and company-specific considerations.

The Company’s internal loan risk ratings are based on the guidance provided by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for commercial real estate lending. The Company’s internal risk rating categories include “Performing”, “Performing - Closely Monitored”, “Performing - Special Mention”, “Substandard”, “Doubtful” or “Loss”. Performing loans meet all present contractual obligations. Performing - Closely Monitored loans meet all present contractual obligations, but are transitional or could be exhibiting some weakness in both leverage and liquidity. Performing - Special Mention loans meet all present contractual obligations, but exhibit potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention and if uncorrected, may result in deterioration of repayment prospects. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged with a distinct possibility that loss will be sustained if some of the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans are Substandard loans whereby collection of all contractual principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable. Loss loans are considered uncollectible.

There was no provision for loan loss recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded a loan loss provision of $5.7 million.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s loan loss provision was $9.2 million and $3.5 million, respectively. There was no provision for loan loss recorded as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

The following table presents the activity of the Company’s loan investments, including loans held for sale and excluding loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, for the six months ended June 30, 2019:

	Residential				Commercial				Corporate				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2019	$	1,359,806			$	1,338,987			$	1,887,182			$	4,585,975
Purchases	1,111,264				228,379				250,492				1,590,135
Sales and transfers (1)	(1,297,622		)		(834,492		)		(237,138		)		(2,369,252		)
Principal payments	(113,660		)		(63,167		)		(87,242		)		(264,069		)
Gains / (losses)	2,211				(5,703		)		3,635				143
(Amortization) / accretion	(875		)		1,597				2,814				3,536
Ending balance June 30, 2019	$	1,061,124			$	665,601			$	1,819,743			$	3,546,468
(1)     Includes securitizations, syndications and transfers to securitization vehicles.

The carrying value of the Company’s residential loans held for sale was $119.7 million and $97.5 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The carrying value of the Company’s commercial loans held for sale was $41.9 million and $42.2 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The carrying value of the Company’s corporate loans held for sale was $26.9 million and $0 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Residential

The Company’s residential mortgage loans are primarily comprised of performing adjustable-rate and fixed-rate whole loans. Additionally, the Company consolidates a collateralized financing entity that securitized prime adjustable-rate jumbo residential mortgage loans. The Company also consolidates securitization trusts in which it had purchased subordinated securities because it also has certain powers and rights to direct the activities of such trusts. Refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for further information related to the Company’s consolidated residential mortgage loan trusts.

The following table presents the fair value and the unpaid principal balances of the residential mortgage loan portfolio, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Fair value	$	3,168,105		$	2,454,637
Unpaid principal balance	$	3,076,415		$	2,425,657

 

The following table provides information regarding the line items and amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 for these investments:

	For the Three Months Ended								For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Interest income	$	35,025			$	15,784			$	65,016			$	29,279
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments	(4,605		)		(3,191		)		(9,828		)		(4,949		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings	25,891				(1,305		)		43,712				(11,169		)
Total included in net income (loss)	$	56,311			$	11,288			$	98,900			$	13,161

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table provides the geographic concentrations based on the unpaid principal balances at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 for the residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles:

 

Geographic Concentrations of Residential Mortgage Loans
June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Property location	% of Balance		Property location	% of Balance
California	52.5%		California	53.7%
New York	10.1%		Florida	7.1%
Florida	6.2%		New York	6.6%
All other (none individually greater than 5%)	31.2%		All other (none individually greater than 5%)	32.6%
Total	100.0%			100.0%

The following table provides additional data on the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Portfolio Range		Portfolio Weighted Average		Portfolio Range		Portfolio Weighted Average
	(dollars in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance	$0 - $3,448		$455		$0 - $3,500		$457
Interest rate	2.00% - 9.25%		5.07%		2.00% - 7.75%		4.72%
Maturity	1/1/2028 - 5/1/2059		11/4/2046		1/1/2028 - 11/1/2058		1/11/2046
FICO score at loan origination	505 - 823		753		505 - 823		752
Loan-to-value ratio at loan origination	8% - 116%		67%		8% - 111%		68%

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 44% and 47%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles, were adjustable-rate.

Commercial

The Company’s commercial real estate loans are comprised of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans. The difference between the principal amount of a loan and proceeds at acquisition is recorded as either a discount or premium. Commercial real estate loans that are designated as held for investment and are originated or purchased by the Company are carried at their outstanding principal balance, net of unamortized origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts, less an allowance for losses, if necessary. Origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts are amortized into interest income over the life of the loan.

Preferred equity interests are designated as held for investment and are carried at their outstanding principal balance, net of unamortized origination fees and costs, premiums or discounts, less a reserve for estimated losses, if necessary. 

At June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, approximately 91% and 88%, respectively, of the carrying value of the Company’s CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, including loans transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles and excluding commercial loans held for sale, were adjustable-rate.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, commercial real estate investments held for investment were comprised of the following:

	June 30, 2019											December 31, 2018
	Outstanding Principal				Carrying Value (1)				Percentage of Loan Portfolio (2)			Outstanding Principal				Carrying Value (1)				Percentage of Loan Portfolio (2)
	(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages	$	351,907			$	350,398			24.6	%		$	988,248			$	981,202			75.6	%
Senior securitized mortgages (3)	795,052				789,900				55.6	%		—				—				—	%
Mezzanine loans	282,955				273,307				19.8	%		319,663				315,601				24.4	%
Total	$	1,429,914			$	1,413,605			100.0	%		$	1,307,911			$	1,296,803			100.0	%

(1)	Carrying value includes unamortized origination fees of $7.1 million and $7.6 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(2)	Based on outstanding principal.

(3)	Assets of a consolidated VIE.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables represent a rollforward of the activity for the Company’s commercial real estate investments held for investment at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

June 30, 2019
	Senior Mortgages				Senior Securitized Mortgages (1)				Mezzanine Loans				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2019)	$	981,202			$	—			$	315,601			$	1,296,803
Originations & advances (principal)	210,551				840,052				19,185				1,069,788
Principal payments	(15,663		)		(45,000		)		(47,218		)		(107,881		)
Transfers	(831,229		)		—				(8,675		)		(839,904		)
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees	4,240				(6,564		)		(184		)		(2,508		)
Amortization of net origination fees	1,297				1,412				301				3,010
Allowance for loan losses	—				—				(5,703		)		(5,703		)
Net carrying value (June 30, 2019)	$	350,398			$	789,900			$	273,307			$	1,413,605

December 31, 2018
	Senior Mortgages				Mezzanine Loans				Preferred Equity				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Net carrying value (January 1, 2018)	$	625,900			$	394,442			$	8,985			$	1,029,327
Originations & advances (principal)	575,953				52,224				—				628,177
Principal payments	(216,849		)		(127,575		)		(9,000		)		(353,424		)
Net (increase) decrease in origination fees	(6,624		)		(370		)		—				(6,994		)
Amortization of net origination fees	2,822				376				15				3,213
Allowance for loan losses	—				(3,496		)		—				(3,496		)
Net carrying value (December 31, 2018)	$	981,202			$	315,601			$	—			$	1,296,803
(1)    Assets of a consolidated VIE.

The following table provides the internal loan risk ratings of commercial real estate investments held for investment as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

June 30, 2019
								Internal Ratings
Investment Type	Outstanding Principal				Percentage of CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Portfolio			Performing				Performing - Closely Monitored				Performing - Special Mention				Substandard (1)				Doubtful (2)				Loss				Total
(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages	$	351,907			24.6	%		$	221,112			$	22,766			$	43,639			$	64,390			$	—			$	—			$	351,907
Senior securitized mortgages (3)	795,052				55.6	%		439,395				203,464				152,193				—				—				—				795,052
Mezzanine loans	282,955				19.8	%		79,843				49,683				109,826				—				43,603				—				282,955
Total	$	1,429,914			100.0	%		$	740,350			$	275,913			$	305,658			$	64,390			$	43,603			—				$	1,429,914

December 31, 2018
								Internal Ratings
Investment Type	Outstanding Principal				Percentage of CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Portfolio			Performing				Performing - Closely Monitored				Performing - Special Mention				Substandard (1)				Doubtful (2)				Loss				Total
(dollars in thousands)
Senior mortgages	$	988,248			75.6	%		$	653,066			$	215,792			$	55,000			$	64,390			$	—			$	—			$	988,248
Mezzanine loans	319,663				24.4	%		140,776				38,884				96,400				36,603				7,000				—				319,663
Total	$	1,307,911			100.0	%		$	793,842			$	254,676			$	151,400			$	100,993			$	7,000			$	—			$	1,307,911

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

(1)	The Company rated one loan as of June 30, 2019 and two loans as of December 31, 2018 as Substandard. The Company evaluated whether an impairment exists and determined in each case that, based on quantitative and qualitative factors, the Company expects repayment of contractual amounts due.

(2)	The Company rated two loans as Doubtful and evaluated for impairment as of June 30, 2019. The Company rated one loan as Doubtful and evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2018. The allowance for loan losses was $9.2 million and $3.5 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(3)	Assets of a consolidated VIE.

Corporate Debt  

The Company’s investments in corporate loans typically take the form of senior secured loans primarily in first or second lien positions. The Company’s senior secured loans generally have stated maturities of five to seven years. In connection with these senior secured loans the Company receives a security interest in certain assets of the borrower and such assets support repayment of such loans. Senior secured loans are generally exposed to less credit risk than more junior loans given their seniority to scheduled principal and interest and priority of security in the assets of the borrower. Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based upon the outstanding principal amounts of the debt and its contractual terms. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income using the effective interest method.

The Company invests in corporate loans through its Annaly Middle Market Lending Group. The industry and rate attributes of the portfolio at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:

	Industry Dispersion
	June 30, 2019												December 31, 2018
	Fixed Rate				Floating Rate				Total				Fixed Rate				Floating Rate				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Aircraft and parts	$	—			$	41,195			$	41,195			$	—			$	41,342			$	41,342
Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo	—				—				—				—				21,632				21,632
Coating, engraving and allied services	—				51,625				51,625				—				57,223				57,223
Computer programming, data processing & other computer related services	—				331,192				331,192				—				242,185				242,185
Drugs	—				35,909				35,909				—				35,882				35,882
Electrical work	—				42,026				42,026				—				41,760				41,760
Electronic components & accessories	—				24,000				24,000				—				24,059				24,059
Engineering, architectural & surveying	—				92,486				92,486				—				80,748				80,748
Grocery stores	—				23,338				23,338				—				23,431				23,431
Insurance agents, brokers and services	—				48,361				48,361				—				48,942				48,942
Mailing, reproduction, commercial art and photography, and stenographic	—				14,779				14,779				—				14,843				14,843
Management and public relations services	—				330,459				330,459				—				487,046				487,046
Medical and dental laboratories	—				38,620				38,620				—				26,858				26,858
Metal cans & shipping containers	—				118,368				118,368				—				118,248				118,248
Miscellaneous business services	—				19,552				19,552				—				19,622				19,622
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing	—				49,689				49,689				—				49,552				49,552
Miscellaneous health and allied services, not elsewhere classified	—				75,910				75,910				—				56,003				56,003
Miscellaneous plastic products	—				10,000				10,000				—				9,953				9,953
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	—				—				—				—				16,563				16,563
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts and supplies	—				28,996				28,996				—				29,046				29,046
Nonferrous foundries (castings)	—				12,914				12,914				—				12,948				12,948
Offices and clinics of doctors of medicine	—				102,719				102,719				—				97,877				97,877
Offices of clinics and other health practitioners	—				20,992				20,992				—				21,100				21,100
Public warehousing and storage	—				82,912				82,912				—				84,278				84,278
Research, development and testing services	—				45,610				45,610				—				33,381				33,381
Schools and educational services, not elsewhere classified	—				19,678				19,678				—				19,805				19,805
Services allied with the exchange of securities	—				—				—				—				14,877				14,877
Surgical, medical, and dental instruments and supplies	—				97,113				97,113				—				96,607				96,607
Telephone communications	—				61,300				61,300				—				61,371				61,371
Total	$	—			$	1,819,743			$	1,819,743			$	—			$	1,887,182			$	1,887,182

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The table below reflects the Company’s aggregate positions by their respective place in the capital structure of the borrowers at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

 

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	(dollars in thousands)
First lien loans	$	1,196,198			$	1,346,356
Second lien loans	623,545				540,826
Total	$	1,819,743			$	1,887,182

7. MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

The Company owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs; refer to the “Variable Interest Entities” Note for a detailed discussion on this topic.

MSRs represent the rights associated with servicing pools of residential mortgage loans. The Company and its subsidiaries do not originate or directly service residential mortgage loans. Rather, these activities are carried out by duly licensed subservicers who perform substantially all servicing functions for the loans underlying the MSRs. The Company intends to hold the MSRs as investments and elected to account for all of its investments in MSRs at fair value. As such, they are recognized at fair value on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in the estimated fair value presented as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Servicing income, net of servicing expenses, is reported in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The following table presents activity related to MSRs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

	Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Fair value, beginning of period	$	500,745			$	596,378			$	557,813			$	580,860
Change in fair value due to:
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1)	(55,749		)		22,578				(98,838		)		59,252
Other changes, including realization of expected cash flows	(19,668		)		(19,942		)		(33,647		)		(41,098		)
Fair value, end of period	$	425,328			$	599,014			$	425,328			$	599,014
(1)     Principally represents changes in discount rates and prepayment speed inputs used in valuation model, primarily due to changes in interest rates.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recognized $27.5 million and $55.2 million, respectively, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized $27.6 million and $56.2 million, respectively, of net servicing income from MSRs in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

The Company has investments in Freddie Mac securitizations (“FREMF Trusts”) which are structured as pass-through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. The FREMF Trusts are VIEs and the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary as a result of its ability to replace the special servicer without cause through its ownership of the Class C Certificates and its current designation as the directing certificate holder. The FREMF Trusts are included in the “Commercial Trusts” in the tables below.

The Company purchased approximately $94 million of a subordinated tranche in a securitization trust in 2018. As the directing holder, the Company can remove the special servicer with or without cause as well as direct activities that are considered to be most significant to the economic performance of the trust. As such, the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the trust. The trust is included in “Commercial Trusts” in the tables below.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Upon consolidation, the Company elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of the Commercial Trusts in order to avoid an accounting mismatch, and to represent more faithfully the economics of its interest in the entities. The fair value option requires that changes in fair value be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Company applied the practical expedient under ASU 2014-07, whereby the Company determines whether the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities is more observable as a basis for measuring the less observable financial instruments. The Company has determined that the fair value of the financial liabilities of the Commercial Trusts are more observable, since the prices for these liabilities are primarily available from third-party pricing services utilized for multifamily mortgage-backed securities, while the individual assets of the trusts are inherently less capable of precise measurement given their illiquid nature and the limitations on available information related to these assets. Given that the Company’s methodology for valuing the financial assets of the Commercial Trusts are an aggregate fair value derived from the fair value of the financial liabilities, the Company has determined that the fair value of each of the financial assets in their entirety should be classified in Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy.

The Commercial Trusts mortgage loans had an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $1.3 billion at June 30, 2019.  At June 30, 2019, there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the underlying loans or securitized debt securities at June 30, 2019 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans.

In February 2019, the Company closed NLY 2019-FL2 a managed commercial real estate collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securitization with a face value of $857.3 million, which provides non-recourse financing to the Company collateralized by certain commercial real estate mortgage loans originated by the Company. As of June 30, 2019 a total of $635.5 million of notes were held by third parties and the Company retained or purchased $223.8 million of subordinated notes and preferred shares, which eliminate upon consolidation. The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary because it has the right to direct the servicer as well as remove the special servicer without cause and it holds variable interests that could be potentially significant to the CLO. The transfers of loans to the CLO did not qualify for sale accounting because the Company maintains effective control over the loans. The Company elected the fair value option for the financial liabilities issued by the CLO in order to simplify the accounting; however, the commercial loans continue to be carried at amortized cost as they were not eligible for the fair value option as it was not elected at origination of the loans. The Company incurred $8.3 million of costs in connection with the CLO that were expensed as incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019. The aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans in the CLO was $795.1 million at June 30, 2019 and there were no loans 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status. There is no gain or loss attributable to instrument-specific credit risk of the debt securities at June 30, 2019 based upon the Company’s process of monitoring events of default on the underlying mortgage loans. The contractual principal amount of the CLO debt held by third parties was $633.9 million at June 30, 2019.

The Company consolidates a securitization trust, which is included in “Residential Trusts” in the tables below, that issued residential mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans that had been transferred to the trust by one of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company owns the subordinate securities, and a subsidiary of the Company continues to be the master servicer. As such, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the residential mortgage trust and consolidates the entity. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of this VIE, but has not elected to apply the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trust are available from third-party pricing services. The contractual principal amount of the residential mortgage trust’s debt held by third parties was $75.6 million at June 30, 2019.

In March 2018, the Company closed OBX 2018-1, with a face value of $327.2 million. In August 2018, the Company closed OBX 2018-EXP1 with a face value of $383.5 million. In October 2018, the Company closed OBX 2018-EXP2 with a face value of $384.0 million. In January 2019, the Company closed OBX 2019-INV1, with a face value of $394.0 million. In April 2019, the Company closed OBX 2019-EXP1 with a face value of $388.2 million. In June 2019, the Company closed OBX 2019-INV2 with a face value of $383.8 million. The OBX 2018-1 Trust, the OBX 2018-EXP1 Trust, the OBX 2018-EXP2 Trust, the OBX 2019-INV1 Trust, the OBX 2019-EXP1 Trust and the OBX 2019-INV2 Trust are referred to collectively as the “OBX Trusts”. These securitizations represent financing transactions which provide non-recourse financing to the Company that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans purchased by the Company. As of June 30, 2019, a total of $1.6 billion of bonds were held by third parties and the Company retained $455.2 million of mortgage-backed securities, which were eliminated in consolidation. The Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the OBX Trusts because it has power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the OBX Trusts’ performance and holds a variable interest that could be potentially significant to these VIEs. The Company has elected the fair value option for the financial assets and liabilities of these VIEs, but has not elected the practical expedient under ASU 2014-13 as prices of both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the residential mortgage trusts are available from third-party pricing services. The Company incurred $3.0 million and $0 of costs during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $4.7 million and $1.5 million of costs during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in connection with these securitizations that were expensed as incurred. The contractual principal amount of the OBX Trusts’ debt held by third parties was $1.5 billion at June 30, 2019.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

Although the residential mortgage loans have been sold for bankruptcy and state law purposes, the transfers of the residential mortgage loans to the OBX Trusts did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as intercompany secured borrowings that are eliminated upon consolidation.

In June 2016, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of June 30, 2019, the borrowing limit on this facility was $500.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as collateral manager and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has pledged as collateral for this facility corporate loans with a carrying amount of $651.6 million at June 30, 2019. The transfers did not qualify for sale accounting and are reflected as an intercompany secured borrowing that is eliminated upon consolidation. At June 30, 2019, the subsidiary had an intercompany receivable of $342.8 million, which eliminates upon consolidation and an Other secured financing of $342.8 million to the third party financial institution.

In July 2017, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company entered into a credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of June 30, 2019, the borrowing limit on this facility was $250.0 million. The subsidiary was deemed to be a VIE and the Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary due to its role as servicer and because it holds a variable interest in the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company has transferred corporate loans to the subsidiary with a carrying amount of $401.1 million at June 30, 2019, which continue to be reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition under Loans, net. At June 30, 2019, the subsidiary had an Other secured financing of $127.0 million to the third party financial institution.

In January 2019, a consolidated subsidiary of the Company (the “Borrower”) entered into a $200.0 million credit facility with a third party financial institution. As of June 30, 2019, the Borrower had not drawn on the credit facility.

The Company also owns variable interests in an entity that invests in MSRs and has structured its operations, funding and capitalization into pools of assets and liabilities, each referred to as a “silo.” Owners of variable interests in a given silo are entitled to all of the returns and subjected to the risk of loss on the investments and operations of that silo and have no substantive recourse to the assets of any other silo. While the Company previously held 100% of the voting interests in this entity, in August 2017, the Company sold 100% of such interests, and entered into an agreement with the entity’s affiliated portfolio manager giving the Company the power over the silo in which it owns all of the beneficial interests. As a result, the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates this silo.

The Company’s exposure to the obligations of its VIEs is generally limited to the Company’s investment in the VIEs of $2.3 billion at June 30, 2019. Assets of the VIEs may only be used to settle obligations of the VIEs. Creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. The Company is not contractually required to provide and has not provided any form of financial support to the VIEs. No gains or losses were recognized upon consolidation of existing VIEs. Interest income and expense are recognized using the effective interest method.

The statements of financial condition of the Company’s VIEs, excluding the CLO, credit facility VIEs and OBX Trusts as the transfers of loans did not meet the criteria to be accounted for as sales, that are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:

June 30, 2019
	Commercial Trusts				Residential Trusts				MSR Silo
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—			$	—			$	48,323
Loans	—				—				119,746
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	1,314,702				95,817				—
Mortgage servicing rights	—				—				425,328
Interest receivable	5,411				489				—
Other assets	—				—				26,800
Total assets	$	1,320,113			$	96,306			$	620,197
Liabilities
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse)	$	1,191,231			$	75,347			$	—
Other secured financing	—				—				69,870
Payable for unsettled trades	—				—				20,330
Interest payable	2,000				179				—
Other liabilities	—				190				2,081
Total liabilities	$	1,193,231			$	75,716			$	92,281

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

December 31, 2018
	Commercial Trusts				Residential Trusts				MSR Silo
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—			$	—			$	30,444
Loans	—				—				97,464
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	2,738,369				105,003				—
Mortgage servicing rights	—				—				557,813
Interest receivable	11,451				539				—
Other assets	—				4				28,756
Total assets	$	2,749,820			$	105,546			$	714,477
Liabilities
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (non-recourse)	$	2,509,264			$	71,324			$	—
Other secured financing	—				—				68,385
Interest payable	4,594				238				—
Other liabilities	—				—				1,975
Total liabilities	$	2,513,858			$	71,562			$	70,360

 

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total loan unpaid principal balances related to the Company’s VIEs, excluding the credit facility VIEs, OBX Trusts and CLO, at June 30, 2019 are as follows:

Securitized Loans at Fair Value Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk

Commercial Trusts									Residential Trusts
Property Location		Principal Balance				% of Balance			Property Location		Principal Balance				% of Balance
(dollars in thousands)
California		$	492,586			22.7	%		California		$	39,860			42.4	%
Texas		473,786				21.9	%		Texas		13,168				14.0	%
Florida		143,025				6.6	%		Illinois		7,148				7.6	%
Other (1)		1,058,775				48.8	%		Washington		6,452				6.9	%
Total		$	2,168,172			100.0	%		Other (1)		27,293				29.1	%
									Total		$	93,921			100.0	%

(1)	No individual state greater than 5%.

9. REAL ESTATE

Real estate investments are carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Historical cost includes all costs necessary to bring the asset to the condition and location necessary for its intended use, including financing during the construction period.  Costs directly related to acquisitions deemed to be business combinations are expensed. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Major replacements and improvements that extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized and depreciated over their useful life.

Real estate investments are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, summarized as follows:

Category	Term
Building and building improvements	1 - 44 years
Furniture and fixtures	1 - 4 years

There was no real estate acquired in settlement of residential mortgage loans at June 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018 other than real estate held by securitization trusts that the Company was required to consolidate. The Company would be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a residential mortgage loan, so that the loan is derecognized and the real estate property would be recognized, if either (i) the Company obtains legal title to the residential real estate property upon completion of a foreclosure or (ii) the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Real estate investments, including REO, that do not meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale are separately presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as held for investment. Real estate held for sale is reported at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Once a property is determined to be held for sale, depreciation is no longer recorded.

The Company’s real estate portfolio (REO and real estate held for investment) is reviewed on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value of its operating real estate may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. A property’s value is considered impaired if the Company’s estimate of the aggregate future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the property is less than the carrying value of the property. In conducting this review, the Company considers U.S. macroeconomic factors, including real estate sector conditions, together with asset specific and other factors. To the extent impairment has occurred and is considered to be other than temporary, the loss will be measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the property over the calculated fair value of the property.

The Company acquired real estate holdings in connection with the MTGE Acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2018; refer to the “Acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp.” Note for additional information. There were no acquisitions of new real estate holdings during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. The company sold one of its wholly owned triple net leased properties during the six months ended June 30, 2019 for $6.7 million and recognized a gain on sale of $2.7 million.

The weighted average amortization period for intangible assets and liabilities at June 30, 2019 is 5.1 years.  Above market leases and leasehold intangible assets are included in Intangible assets, net and below market leases are included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Real estate, net	(dollars in thousands)
Land	$	128,114			$	128,742
Buildings and improvements	578,967				581,320
Furniture, fixtures and equipment	13,918				11,602
Subtotal	720,999				721,664
Less: accumulated depreciation	(78,037		)		(67,026		)
Total real estate held for investment, at amortized cost, net	642,962				654,638
Equity in unconsolidated joint ventures	90,234				84,835
Total real estate, net	$	733,196			$	739,473

Depreciation expense was $6.0 million and $11.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Depreciation expense was $3.6 million and $7.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Depreciation expense is included in Other income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Rental Income

The minimum rental amounts due under leases are generally either subject to scheduled fixed increases or adjustments. The leases generally also require that the tenants reimburse the Company for certain operating costs. Rental income is included in Other income (loss) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Approximate future minimum rents to be received over the next five years and thereafter for non-cancelable operating leases in effect at June 30, 2019 for consolidated investments in real estate are as follows:

June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)	$	26,570
2020	46,349
2021	45,496
2022	41,712
2023	38,888
Later years	211,658
Total	$	410,673

10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Derivative instruments include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, options to enter into interest rate swaps (“swaptions”), TBA derivatives, options on TBA securities (“MBS options”), U.S. Treasury and Eurodollar futures contracts and certain forward purchase commitments.  The Company may also enter into other types of mortgage derivatives such as interest-only securities, credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index and synthetic total return swaps. 

In connection with the Company’s investment/market rate risk management strategy, the Company economically hedges a portion of its interest rate risk by entering into derivative financial instrument contracts, which include interest rate swaps, swaptions and futures contracts. The Company may also enter into TBA derivatives, MBS options and U.S. Treasury or Eurodollar futures contracts, certain forward purchase commitments and credit derivatives to economically hedge its exposure to market risks. The purpose of using derivatives is to manage overall portfolio risk with the potential to generate additional income for distribution to stockholders. These derivatives are subject to changes in market values resulting from changes in interest rates, volatility, Agency mortgage-backed security spreads to U.S. Treasuries and market liquidity. The use of derivatives also creates exposure to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these instruments fail to perform their obligations under the stated contract. Additionally, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the derivative transactions, the amount of which may vary based on the market value and terms of the derivative contract. In the case of market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps, the Company may make or receive a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swaps, which represents fair value of these swaps, to compensate for the out of market nature of such interest rate swaps. Subsequent changes in fair value from inception of these interest rate swaps are reflected within Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Similar to other interest rate swaps, the Company may have to pledge cash or assets as collateral for the MAC interest rate swap transactions. In the event of a default by the counterparty, the Company could have difficulty obtaining its pledged collateral as well as receiving payments in accordance with the terms of the derivative contracts.

Derivatives are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires recognition of all derivatives as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The changes in the estimated fair value are presented within Net gains (losses) on other derivatives with the exception of interest rate swaps which are separately presented. None of the Company’s derivative transactions have been designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. 

The Company also maintains collateral in the form of cash on margin with counterparties to its interest rate swaps and other derivatives. In accordance with a clearing organization’s rulebook, the Company presents the fair value of centrally cleared interest rate swaps net of variation margin pledged under such transactions. At June 30, 2019, $994.4 million of variation margin was reported as an adjustment to interest rate swaps, at fair value.

Interest Rate Swap Agreements – Interest rate swap agreements are the primary instruments used to mitigate interest rate risk.  In particular, the Company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to changing interest rates on its repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings.  Interest rate swap agreements may or may not be cleared through a derivatives clearing organization (“DCO”).  Uncleared interest rate swaps are fair valued using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market values.  Centrally cleared interest rate swaps, including MAC interest rate swaps, are generally fair valued using the DCO’s market values. If an interest rate swap is terminated, the realized gain (loss) on the interest rate swap would be equal to the difference between the cash received or paid and fair value.

Swaptions – Swaptions are purchased or sold to mitigate the potential impact of increases or decreases in interest rates.  Interest rate swaptions provide the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for a predetermined notional amount, stated term and pay and receive interest rates in the future.  The Company’s swaptions are not centrally cleared.  The premium paid or received for swaptions is reported as an asset or liability in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. If a swaption expires unexercised, the realized gain (loss) on the swaption would be equal to the premium received or paid. If the Company sells or exercises a swaption, the realized gain or loss on the swaption would be equal to the difference between the cash received or the fair value of the underlying interest rate swap received and the premium paid.

The fair value of swaptions is estimated using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market value.

TBA Dollar Rolls – TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for as a series of derivative transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities.

MBS Options – MBS options are generally options on TBA contracts, which help manage mortgage market risks and volatility while providing the potential to enhance returns.  MBS options are over-the-counter traded instruments and those written on current-coupon mortgage-backed securities are typically the most liquid.  MBS options are measured at fair value using internal pricing models and compared to the counterparty market value at the valuation date.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Futures Contracts – Futures contracts are derivatives that track the prices of specific assets or benchmark rates. Short sales of futures contracts help to mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the portfolio performance. The Company maintains margin accounts which are settled daily with Futures Commission Merchants (“FCMs”). The margin requirement varies based on the market value of the open positions and the equity retained in the account. Futures contracts are fair valued based on exchange pricing.

Forward Purchase Commitments – The Company may enter into forward purchase commitments with counterparties whereby the Company commits to purchasing residential mortgage loans at a particular price, provided the residential mortgage loans close with the counterparties. The counterparties are required to deliver the committed loans on a “best efforts” basis.

Credit Derivatives – The Company may enter into credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index, such as the CMBX index, and synthetic total return swaps. Refer to the section titled “Glossary of Terms” located in Part I, Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for additional information related to the CMBX index.

The table below summarizes fair value information about our derivative assets and liabilities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

Derivatives Instruments		June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Assets		(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps		$	5,440			$	48,114
Interest rate swaptions		5,444				7,216
TBA derivatives		34,889				141,688
Futures contracts		20,388				—
Purchase commitments		3,957				844
Credit derivatives (1)		5,024				2,641
		$	75,142			$	200,503
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps		$	677,295			$	420,365
TBA derivatives		1,432				—
Futures contracts		363,165				462,309
Purchase commitments		896				33
Credit derivatives (1)		409				7,043
		$	1,043,197			$	889,750

(1)

The notional amount of the credit derivatives in which the Company purchased protection was $30.0 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The maximum potential amount of future payments is the notional amount of credit derivatives in which the Company sold protection of $336.0 million and $451.0 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, plus any coupon shortfalls on the underlying tranche. The credit derivative tranches referencing the basket of bonds had a range of ratings between AAA and BBB-.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s interest rate swaps at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 

June 30, 2019
Maturity	Current Notional (1)				Weighted Average Pay Rate			Weighted Average Receive Rate			Weighted Average Years to Maturity
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years	$	34,092,400			1.82	%		2.44	%		1.37
3 - 6 years	12,300,800				2.00	%		2.47	%		4.45
6 - 10 years	17,122,500				2.52	%		2.51	%		8.79
Greater than 10 years	3,578,000				3.59	%		2.44	%		17.56
Total / Weighted average	$	67,093,700			2.12	%		2.46	%		4.63
December 31, 2018
Maturity	Current Notional (1)				Weighted Average Pay Rate			Weighted Average Receive Rate			Weighted Average Years to Maturity
(dollars in thousands)
0 - 3 years	$	31,900,200			1.84	%		2.73	%		1.21
3 - 6 years	16,603,200				2.29	%		2.70	%		4.30
6 - 10 years	18,060,900				2.57	%		2.56	%		8.62
Greater than 10 years	3,901,400				3.63	%		2.59	%		17.33
Total / Weighted average	$	70,465,700			2.17	%		2.68	%		4.26

(1)	There were no forward starting swaps at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The following table presents swaptions outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

June 30, 2019
		Current Underlying Notional		Weighted Average Underlying Pay Rate		Weighted Average Underlying Receive Rate		Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity		Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long		$3,200,000		2.87%		3M LIBOR		10.54		8.73
December 31, 2018
		Current Underlying Notional		Weighted Average Underlying Pay Rate		Weighted Average Underlying Receive Rate		Weighted Average Underlying Years to Maturity		Weighted Average Months to Expiration
(dollars in thousands)
Long		$4,075,000		3.30%		3M LIBOR		10.08		3.06

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s TBA derivatives at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

June 30, 2019
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs	Notional				Implied Cost Basis				Implied Market Value				Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts	$	9,469,000			$	9,629,913			$	9,663,370			33,457
December 31, 2018
Purchase and sale contracts for derivative TBAs	Notional				Implied Cost Basis				Implied Market Value				Net Carrying Value
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase contracts	$	13,803,000			$	13,823,109			$	13,964,797			141,688

 The following table summarizes certain characteristics of the Company’s futures derivatives at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 

June 30, 2019
	Notional - Long Positions				Notional - Short Positions				Weighted Average Years to Maturity
	(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury futures - 2 year	$	—			$	(2,872,400	)		1.94
U.S. Treasury futures - 5 year	—				(7,716,500		)		4.39
U.S. Treasury futures - 10 year and greater	900,000				(8,430,900		)		7.75
Total	$	900,000			$	(19,019,800	)		5.61
December 31, 2018
	Notional - Long Positions				Notional - Short Positions				Weighted Average Years to Maturity
	(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury futures - 2 year	$	—			$	(1,166,000	)		1.97
U.S. Treasury futures - 5 year	—				(6,359,400		)		4.39
U.S. Treasury futures - 10 year and greater	—				(11,152,600		)		7.10
Total	$	—			$	(18,678,000	)		5.86

 

The Company presents derivative contracts on a gross basis on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Derivative contracts may contain legally enforceable provisions that allow for netting or setting off receivables and payables with each counterparty.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The following tables present information about derivative assets and liabilities that are subject to such provisions and can potentially be offset on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

June 30, 2019
					Amounts Eligible for Offset
	Gross Amounts				Financial Instruments				Cash Collateral				Net Amounts
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps, at fair value	$	5,440			$	(4,884	)		$	—			$	556
Interest rate swaptions, at fair value	5,444				—				—				5,444
TBA derivatives, at fair value	34,889				(1,432		)		—				33,457
Futures contracts, at fair value	20,388				(20,388		)		—				—
Purchase commitments	3,957				—				—				3,957
Credit derivatives	5,024				(409		)		—				4,615
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps, at fair value	$	677,295			$	(4,884	)		$	(96,549	)		$	575,862
TBA derivatives, at fair value	1,432				(1,432		)		—				—
Futures contracts, at fair value	363,165				(20,388		)		(342,777		)		—
Purchase commitments	896				—				—				896
Credit derivatives	409				(409		)		—				—
December 31, 2018
					Amounts Eligible for Offset
	Gross Amounts				Financial Instruments				Cash Collateral				Net Amounts
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Interest rate swaps, at fair value	$	48,114			$	(29,308	)		$	—			$	18,806
Interest rate swaptions, at fair value	7,216				—				—				7,216
TBA derivatives, at fair value	141,688				—				—				141,688
Purchase commitments	844				—				—				844
Credit derivatives	2,641				(2,641		)		—				—
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps, at fair value	$	420,365			$	(29,308	)		$	(11,856	)		$	379,201
Futures contracts, at fair value	462,309				—				(462,309		)		—
Purchase commitments	33				—				—				33
Credit derivatives	7,043				(2,641		)		(4,402		)		—

 

The effect of interest rate swaps on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:

 

Location on Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps				Realized Gains (Losses) on Termination of Interest Rate Swaps				Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Interest Rate Swaps
For the three months ended	(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	83,653			$	(167,491	)		$	(1,276,019	)
June 30, 2018	$	31,475			$	—			$	343,475
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	217,688			$	(755,747	)		$	(1,666,575	)
June 30, 2018	$	(16,685	)		$	834			$	1,320,760

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The effect of other derivative contracts on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments	Realized Gain (Loss)				Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives	$	174,221			$	(68,291	)		$	105,930
Net interest rate swaptions	(11,317		)		(7,178		)		(18,495		)
Futures	(514,441		)		(82,779		)		(597,220		)
Purchase commitments	—				1,106				1,106
Credit derivatives	1,199				1,069				2,268
Total									$	(506,411	)

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Derivative Instruments	Realized Gain (Loss)				Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives	$	(30,228	)		$	11,123			$	(19,105	)
Net interest rate swaptions	(35,667		)		3,999				(31,668		)
Futures	62,618				15,684				78,302
Purchase commitments	—				59				59
Credit derivatives	2,889				3,712				6,601
Total									$	34,189

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments	Realized Gain (Loss)				Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives	$	387,946			$	(108,231	)		$	279,715
Net interest rate swaptions	(41,309		)		12,506				(28,803		)
Futures	(1,006,182		)		119,533				(886,649		)
Purchase commitments	—				2,251				2,251
Credit derivatives	3,501				8,415				11,916
Total									$	(621,570	)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Derivative Instruments	Realized Gain (Loss)				Unrealized Gain (Loss)				Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Net Gains (Losses) on Other Derivatives
(dollars in thousands)
Net TBA derivatives	$	(308,127	)		$	29,039			$	(279,088	)
Net interest rate swaptions	(57,100		)		71,220				14,120
Futures	557,630				(312,828		)		244,802
Purchase commitments	—				425				425
Credit derivatives	4,402				2,383				6,785
Total									$	(12,956	)

Certain of the Company’s derivative contracts are subject to International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements or other similar agreements which may contain provisions that grant counterparties certain rights with respect to the applicable agreement upon the occurrence of certain events such as (i) a decline in stockholders’ equity in excess of specified thresholds or dollar amounts over set periods of time, (ii) the Company’s failure to maintain its REIT status, (iii) the Company’s failure to comply with limits on the amount of leverage, and (iv) the Company’s stock being delisted from the New York Stock Exchange.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Upon the occurrence of any one of items (i) through (iv), or another default under the agreement, the counterparty to the applicable agreement has a right to terminate the agreement in accordance with its provisions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with the aforementioned features that are in a net liability position at June 30, 2019 was approximately $952.2 million, which represents the maximum amount the Company would be required to pay upon termination. This amount is fully collateralized.

11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows fair value guidance in accordance with GAAP to account for its financial instruments that are accounted for at fair value. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

GAAP requires classification of financial instruments into a three-level hierarchy based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

If the inputs used to measure the financial instruments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest priority input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or disclosed in the related notes are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to overall fair value.

The Company designates its securities as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity depending upon the type of security and the Company’s intent and ability to hold such security to maturity. Securities classified as available-for-sale and trading are reported at fair value on a recurring basis.

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments carried at fair value. These methodologies are applied to assets and liabilities across the three-level fair value hierarchy, with the observability of inputs determining the appropriate level.

Futures contracts are valued using quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets and are classified as Level 1.

Residential Securities, interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivatives are valued using quoted prices or internally estimated prices for similar assets using internal models. The Company incorporates common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security including coupon, prepayment speeds, periodic and life caps, rate reset period and expected life of the security in its estimates of fair value. Fair value estimates for residential mortgage loans are generated by a discounted cash flow model and are primarily based on observable market-based inputs including discount rates, prepayment speeds, delinquency levels, and credit losses. Management reviews and indirectly corroborates its estimates of the fair value derived using internal models by comparing its results to independent prices provided by dealers in the securities and/or third party pricing services. Certain liquid asset classes, such as Agency fixed-rate pass-throughs, may be priced using independent sources such as quoted prices for TBA securities.

Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swap and swaption markets and MBS options are considered to be active markets such that participants transact with sufficient frequency and volume to provide transparent pricing information on an ongoing basis. The liquidity of the Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options markets and the similarity of the Company’s securities to those actively traded enable the Company to observe quoted prices in the market and utilize those prices as a basis for formulating fair value measurements. Consequently, the Company has classified Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBA derivatives and MBS options as Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral. Consequently, commercial real estate debt investments carried at fair value are classified as Level 2.

For the fair value of debt issued by securitization vehicles, refer to the Note titled “Variable Interest Entities” for additional information.

The Company classifies its investments in MSRs as Level 3 in the fair value measurements hierarchy. Fair value estimates for these investments are obtained from models, which use significant unobservable inputs in their valuations. These valuations

28

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

primarily utilize discounted cash flow models that incorporate unobservable market data inputs including prepayment rates, delinquency levels, costs to service and discount rates. Model valuations are then compared to valuations obtained from third-party pricing providers. Management reviews the valuations received from third-party pricing providers and uses them as a point of comparison to modeled values. The valuation of MSRs requires significant judgment by management and the third-party pricing providers. Assumptions used for which there is a lack of observable inputs may significantly impact the resulting fair value and therefore the Company’s financial statements. 

The following tables present the estimated fair values of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.

June 30, 2019
	Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Securities
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	—			$	118,202,040			$	—			$	118,202,040
Credit risk transfer securities	—				491,969				—				491,969
Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities	—				1,097,752				—				1,097,752
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	—				135,108				—				135,108
Loans
Residential mortgage loans	—				1,061,124				—				1,061,124
Mortgage servicing rights	—				—				425,328				425,328
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	—				3,421,682				—				3,421,682
Derivative assets
Interest rate swaps	—				5,440				—				5,440
Other derivatives	20,388				49,314				—				69,702
Total assets	$	20,388			$	124,464,429			$	425,328			$	124,910,145
Liabilities
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	—				3,470,168				—				3,470,168
Derivative liabilities
Interest rate swaps	—				677,295				—				677,295
Other derivatives	363,165				2,737				—				365,902
Total liabilities	$	363,165			$	4,150,200			$	—			$	4,513,365

December 31, 2018
	Level 1				Level 2				Level 3				Total
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Securities
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	—			$	90,752,995			$	—			$	90,752,995
Credit risk transfer securities	—				552,097				—				552,097
Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities	—				1,161,938				—				1,161,938
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	—				156,758				—				156,758
Loans
Residential mortgage loans	—				1,359,806				—				1,359,806
Mortgage servicing rights	—				—				557,813				557,813
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles	—				3,833,200				—				3,833,200
Derivative assets
Interest rate swaps	—				48,114				—				48,114
Other derivatives	—				152,389				—				152,389
Total assets	$	—			$	98,017,297			$	557,813			$	98,575,110
Liabilities
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	$	—			$	3,347,062			$	—			$	3,347,062
Derivative liabilities
Interest rate swaps	—				420,365				—				420,365
Other derivatives	462,309				7,076				—				469,385
Total liabilities	$	462,309			$	3,774,503			$	—			$	4,236,812

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The Company considers unobservable inputs to be those for which market data is not available and that are developed using the best information available to us about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset. Relevant inputs vary depending on the nature of the instrument being measured at fair value. The sensitivities of significant unobservable inputs along with interrelationships between and among the significant unobservable inputs and their impact on the fair value measurements are described below. The effect of a change in a particular assumption in the sensitivity analysis below is considered independently from changes in any other assumptions. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions may not always have a linear effect on the inputs discussed below. Interrelationships may also exist between observable and unobservable inputs. Such relationships have not been included in the discussion below. For each of the individual relationships described below, the inverse relationship would also generally apply. For MSRs, in general, increases in the discount, prepayment or delinquency rates or in annual servicing costs in isolation would result in a lower fair value measurement. A decline in interest rates could lead to higher-than-expected prepayments of mortgages underlying the Company’s investments in MSRs, which in turn could result in a decline in the estimated fair value of MSRs. Refer to the Note titled “Mortgage Servicing Rights” for additional information.

The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for Level 3 MSRs. The table does not give effect to the Company’s risk management practices that might offset risks inherent in these Level 3 investments.

 

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input (1)		Range (Weighted Average )		Unobservable Input (1)		Range (Weighted Average )
Discounted cash flow	Discount rate		9.0% -12.0% (9.3%)		Discount rate		9.0% -12.0% (9.4%)
	Prepayment rate		5.9% - 37.9% (17.7%)		Prepayment rate		4.7% - 13.9% (8.0%)
	Delinquency rate		0.0% - 4.0% (2.1%)		Delinquency rate		0.0% - 5.0% (2.3%)
	Cost to service		$81 - $136 ($107)		Cost to service		$82 - $138 ($110)
(1)    Represents rates, estimates and assumptions that the Company believes would be used by market participants when valuing these assets.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values for financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

			June 30, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy		Carrying Value				Fair Value				Carrying Value				Fair Value
Financial assets			(dollars in thousands)
Loans
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment (1)	3		$	1,413,605			$	1,421,826			$	1,296,803			$	1,303,487
Commercial loans held for sale, net	3		41,896				41,896				42,184				42,184
Corporate debt, held for investment	2		1,792,837				1,770,850				1,887,182				1,863,524
Corporate debt held for sale, net	2		26,906				26,906				—				—
Financial liabilities
Repurchase agreements	1,2		$	105,181,241			$	105,181,241			$	81,115,874			$	81,115,874
Other secured financing	1,2		4,127,989				4,128,155				4,183,311				4,183,805
Mortgage payable	3		498,772				524,723				511,056				507,770
(1)    Includes assets of a consolidated VIE.

 

12.  GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The Company’s acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method if the acquisition is deemed to be a business. Under the acquisition method, net assets and results of operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The purchase prices are allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. Conversely, any excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired over the purchase price is recognized as a bargain purchase gain.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently when events or circumstances may make it more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. If a qualitative analysis indicates that there may be an impairment, a quantitative analysis is performed.  The quantitative impairment test for goodwill utilizes a two-step approach, whereby the Company compares the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit is greater than its fair value, the second step is performed, where the implied fair value of goodwill is compared to its carrying value. The Company recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its fair value.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, goodwill totaled $71.8 million.

Intangible assets, net

Finite life intangible assets are amortized over their expected useful lives. The following table presents the activity of finite lived intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Intangible Assets, net
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	29,039
Intangible assets divested	(151		)
Less: amortization expense	(4,112		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	24,776

13. SECURED FINANCING

Reverse Repurchase and Repurchase Agreements – The Company finances a significant portion of its assets with repurchase agreements. At the inception of each transaction, the Company assessed each of the specified criteria in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing, and has determined that each of the financing agreements meet the specified criteria in this guidance.

The Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements to earn a yield on excess cash balances. The Company obtains collateral in connection with the reverse repurchase agreements in order to mitigate credit risk exposure to its counterparties.

Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty and the same maturity are presented net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition when the terms of the agreements meet the criteria to permit netting. The Company reports cash flows on repurchase agreements as financing activities and cash flows on reverse repurchase agreements as investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The Company had outstanding $105.2 billion and $81.1 billion of repurchase agreements with weighted average borrowing rates of 2.44% and 2.36%, after giving effect to the Company’s interest rate swaps used to hedge cost of funds, and weighted average remaining maturities of 70 days and 77 days at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company has select arrangements with counterparties to enter into repurchase agreements for $1.1 billion with remaining capacity of $890.0 million at June 30, 2019.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the repurchase agreements had the following remaining maturities, collateral types and weighted average rates: 

June 30, 2019
	Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities				CRTs				Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities				Commercial Loans				Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities				Total Repurchase Agreements				Weighted Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
1 day	$	23,192,254			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	23,192,254			2.84	%
2 to 29 days	11,125,931				175,622				478,019				—				140,311				11,919,883				2.70	%
30 to 59 days	6,755,307				—				—				—				23,476				6,778,783				2.62	%
60 to 89 days	26,554,485				31,380				236,605				—				23,141				26,845,611				2.63	%
90 to 119 days	13,002,459				—				—				—				—				13,002,459				2.64	%
Over 120 days (1)	23,102,462				—				112,162				209,980				17,647				23,442,251				2.63	%
Total	$	103,732,898			$	207,002			$	826,786			$	209,980			$	204,575			$	105,181,241			2.69	%

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

December 31, 2018
	Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities				CRTs				Non-Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities				Commercial Loans				Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities				U.S. Treasury Securities				Total Repurchase Agreements				Weighted Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
1 day	$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			—	%
2 to 29 days	30,661,001				284,906				353,429				—				72,840				640,465				32,012,641				3.50	%
30 to 59 days	8,164,165				—				—				—				—				—				8,164,165				2.33	%
60 to 89 days	18,326,399				88,630				251,441				—				23,302				—				18,689,772				2.62	%
90 to 119 days	10,067,183				—				—				—				—				—				10,067,183				2.54	%
Over 120 days (1)	11,263,625				—				116,434				693,939				108,115				—				12,182,113				2.92	%
Total	$	78,482,373			$	373,536			$	721,304			$	693,939			$	204,257			$	640,465			$	81,115,874			2.97	%

(1)	Less than 1% and approximately 1% of the total repurchase agreements had a remaining maturity over 1 year at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes the gross amounts of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements, amounts offset in accordance with netting arrangements and net amounts of repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Refer to the “Derivative Instruments” Note for information related to the effect of netting arrangements on the Company’s derivative instruments.

	June 30, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Reverse Repurchase Agreements				Repurchase Agreements				Reverse Repurchase Agreements				Repurchase Agreements
	(dollars in thousands)
Gross amounts	$	2,000,000			$	107,181,241			$	650,040			$	81,115,874
Amounts offset	(2,000,000		)		(2,000,000		)		—				—
Netted amounts	$	—			$	105,181,241			$	650,040			$	81,115,874

The fair value of collateral received in connection with reverse repurchase agreements was $15.5 million as of June 30, 2019, which the Company did not repledge, and $650.0 million as of December 31, 2018, which the Company fully repledged.

Other Secured Financing - The Company also finances a portion of its financial assets with advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB Des Moines”). Borrowings from FHLB Des Moines are reported in Other secured financing in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.  At June 30, 2019, $90.0 million of advances from the FHLB Des Moines matures in less than one year and $3.5 billion matures between one to three years. At December 31, 2018, $3.6 billion of advances from the FHLB Des Moines matured between one to three years. The weighted average rate of the advances from the FHLB Des Moines was 2.79% and 2.78% at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company held $147.9 million of capital stock in the FHLB Des Moines at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, which is reported at cost and included in Other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Investments pledged as collateral under secured financing arrangements and interest rate swaps, excluding residential and senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs, had an estimated fair value and accrued interest of $116.2 billion and $379.1 million, respectively, at June 30, 2019 and $90.2 billion and $303.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

Mortgage loans payable at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, were as follows:

June 30, 2019
Property	Mortgage Carrying Value				Mortgage Principal				Interest Rate		Fixed/Floating Rate		Maturity Date		Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures (fixed)	$	316,479			$	318,664			4.03% - 4.96%		Fixed		2024 - 2029		First liens
Joint Ventures (floating)	16,125				16,125				L+2.75%		Floating		3/14/2020		First liens
Virginia	83,879				85,680				2.34% - 3.98%		Fixed		2036 - 2053		First liens
Texas	31,931				33,455				3.28%		Fixed		1/1/2048 and 1/1/2053		First liens
Utah (floating)	9,740				9,706				L+3.50%		Floating		1/31/2020		First liens
Utah (fixed)	7,130				7,149				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Minnesota	13,342				13,376				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Tennessee	12,311				12,350				4.01%		Fixed		9/6/2019		First liens
Wisconsin	7,835				7,856				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Total	$	498,772			$	504,361

December 31, 2018
Property	Mortgage Carrying Value				Mortgage Principal				Interest Rate		Fixed/Floating Rate		Maturity Date		Priority
(dollars in thousands)
Joint Ventures (fixed)	$	316,275			$	318,664			4.03% - 4.96%		Fixed		2024 - 2029		First liens
Joint Ventures (floating)	16,125				16,125				L+2.75%		Floating		3/14/2020		First liens
Virginia	95,827				97,667				2.75% - 4.96%		Fixed		2019 - 2053		First liens
Texas	32,189				33,735				3.28%		Fixed		1/1/2053		First liens
Utah (floating)	9,703				9,706				L+3.50%		Floating		1/31/2019		First liens
Utah (fixed)	7,279				7,201				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Minnesota	13,438				13,473				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Tennessee	12,328				12,350				4.01%		Fixed		9/6/2019		First liens
Wisconsin	7,892				7,913				3.69%		Fixed		6/1/2053		First liens
Total	$	511,056			$	516,834

The following table details future mortgage loan principal payments at June 30, 2019:

Mortgage Loan Principal Payments
(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)	$	13,928
2020	29,114
2021	3,491
2022	3,709
2023	3,844
Later years	450,275
Total	$	504,361

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

14. CAPITAL STOCK

(A)	Common Stock

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s common shares authorized, and issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Shares authorized

Shares issued and outstanding

June 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

June 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

Par Value

Common stock

2,907,850,000

1,924,050,000

1,456,263,410

1,313,763,450

$0.01

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, the Company granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.

In June 2019, the Company announced that its board of directors (“Board”) had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of its outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. No shares were purchased pursuant to this authorization during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

The following table provides a summary of activity related to the Company’s Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program.

		Six Months Ended
		June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
		(dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program		180,000				147,000
Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program		$	1,795			$	1,546

In January 2018, the Company entered into separate Distribution Agency Agreements (collectively, the “Sales Agreements”) with each of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated, Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC and UBS Securities LLC (the “Sales Agents”). The Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion from time to time through any of the Sales Agents. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 8.0 million shares and 56.0 million shares, respectively, for proceeds of $80.1 million and $569.1 million, respectively, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.

(B)	Preferred Stock

The following is a summary of the Company’s cumulative redeemable preferred stock outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Company’s then outstanding preferred stock takes precedence over the Company’s common stock with respect to payment of dividends and the distribution of assets.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

	Shares Authorized						Shares Issued And Outstanding						Carrying Value							Contractual Rate	Earliest Redemption Date (1)	Date At Which Dividend Rate Becomes Floating	Floating Annual Rate
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Fixed-rate				(dollars in thousands)
Series C	7,000,000			7,000,000			7,000,000			7,000,000			$	169,466			$	169,466		7.625%	5/16/2017	NA	NA
Series D	18,400,000			18,400,000			18,400,000			18,400,000			445,457				445,457			7.50%	9/13/2017	NA	NA
Series H	—			2,200,000			—			2,200,000			—				55,000			8.125%	5/22/2019	NA	NA
Fixed-to-floating rate
Series F	28,800,000			28,800,000			28,800,000			28,800,000			696,910				696,910			6.95%	9/30/2022	9/30/2022	3M LIBOR + 4.993%
Series G	19,550,000			19,550,000			17,000,000			17,000,000			411,335				411,335			6.50%	3/31/2023	3/31/2023	3M LIBOR + 4.172%
Series I	18,400,000			—			16,000,000			—			387,178				—			6.75%	6/30/2024	6/30/2024	3M LIBOR + 4.989%
Total	92,150,000			75,950,000			87,200,000			73,400,000			$	2,110,346			$	1,778,168
(1)    Subject to the Company’s right under limited circumstances to redeem preferred stock earlier in order to preserve its qualification as a REIT or under limited circumstances related to a change in control of the Company.

Each series of preferred stock has a par value of $0.01 per share and a liquidation and redemption price of $25.00, plus accrued and unpaid dividends through their redemption date. Through June 30, 2019, the Company had declared and paid all required quarterly dividends on the Company’s preferred stock.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company redeemed all 2.2 million of its issued and outstanding shares of 8.125% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series H Preferred Stock”) for $55.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series H Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of May 31, 2019.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 16.0 million shares of its 6.750% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series I Preferred Stock”) for gross proceeds of $400.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses. In connection with the offering, the Company granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 2.4 million shares of Series I Preferred Stock solely to cover over-allotments.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 17.0 million shares of its 6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”) for gross proceeds of $425.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses and redeemed 5.0 million shares of its 7.625% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”) for $125.0 million and all 11.5 million of its issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”) for $287.5 million.

The Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock and Series I Preferred Stock rank senior to the common stock of the Company.

(C)	Distributions to Stockholders

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s dividend distribution activity for the periods presented:

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Item 1. Financial Statements

	For the Three Months Ended								For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards	$	364,266			$	349,300			$	798,893			$	697,197
Distributions declared per common share	$	0.25			$	0.30			$	0.55			$	0.60
Distributions paid to common stockholders after period end	$	364,066			$	349,300			$	364,066			$	349,300
Distributions paid per common share after period end	$	0.25			$	0.30			$	0.25			$	0.30
Date of distributions paid to common stockholders after period end	July 31, 2019				July 31, 2018				July 31, 2019				July 31, 2018
Dividends declared to series C preferred stockholders	$	3,336			$	3,336			$	6,672			$	7,652
Dividends declared per share of series C preferred stock (1)	$	0.477			$	0.477			$	0.953			$	0.953
Dividends declared to series D preferred stockholders	$	8,625			$	8,625			$	17,250			$	17,250
Dividends declared per share of series D preferred stock	$	0.469			$	0.469			$	0.938			$	0.938
Dividends declared to series E preferred stockholders	$	—			$	—			$	—			$	2,253
Dividends declared per share of series E preferred stock	$	—			$	—			$	—			$	0.196
Dividends declared to series F preferred stockholders	$	12,510			$	12,510			$	25,020			$	25,020
Dividends declared per share of series F preferred stock	$	0.434			$	0.434			$	0.869			$	0.869
Dividends declared to series G preferred stockholders	$	6,906			$	6,906			$	13,812			$	12,968
Dividends declared per share of series G preferred stock	$	0.406			$	0.406			$	0.813			$	0.763
Dividends declared to series H preferred stockholders	$	745			$	—			$	1,862			$	—
Dividends declared per share of series H preferred stock	$	0.339			$	—			$	0.846			$	—

(1)	Includes dividends declared per share for shares outstanding at June 30, 2018.

15.  INTEREST INCOME AND INTEREST EXPENSE

Refer to the note titled “Significant Accounting Policies” for details surrounding the Company’s accounting policy related to net interest income on securities and loans.

The following table summarizes the interest income recognition methodology for Residential Securities:

	Interest Income Methodology
Agency
Fixed-rate pass-through (1)	Effective yield (3)
Adjustable-rate pass-through (1)	Effective yield (3)
Multifamily (1)	Contractual Cash Flows
CMO (1)	Effective yield (3)
Reverse mortgages (2)	Prospective
Interest-only (2)	Prospective
Residential credit
CRT (2)	Prospective
Alt-A (2)	Prospective
Prime (2)	Prospective
Subprime (2)	Prospective
NPL/RPL (2)	Prospective
Prime jumbo (2)	Prospective
Prime jumbo interest-only (2)	Prospective
(1)    Changes in fair value are recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). (2)    Changes in fair value are recognized in Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). (3)    Effective yield is recalculated for differences between estimated and actual prepayments and the amortized cost is adjusted as if the new effective yield had been applied since inception.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

The following presents the components of the Company’s interest income and interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018.

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
Interest income	(dollars in thousands)
Residential Securities	$	777,891			$	662,750			1,487,665				$	1,442,338
Residential mortgage loans (1)	35,025				18,868				65,016				34,373
Commercial investment portfolio (1) (2)	92,131				79,343				193,083				151,800
Reverse repurchase agreements	22,551				15,845				48,020				27,782
Total interest income	$	927,598			$	776,806			$	1,793,784			$	1,656,293
Interest expense
Repurchase agreements	683,647				400,475				1,263,161				731,849
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	34,151				18,201				68,358				33,853
Other	32,419				24,016				66,393				44,411
Total interest expense	750,217				442,692				1,397,912				810,113
Net interest income	$	177,381			$	334,114			$	395,872			$	846,180
(1)    Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles. (2)    Includes commercial real estate debt and preferred equity and corporate debt.

16.  NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and shares used in calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018.

	For the Three Months Ended								For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income (loss)	$	(1,776,413	)		$	595,887			$	(2,625,664	)		$	1,923,591
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly	(1,776,330		)		595,919				(2,625,480		)		1,923,719
Dividends on preferred stock (1)	32,422				31,377				64,916				65,143
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	(1,808,752	)		$	564,542			$	(2,690,396	)		$	1,858,576
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding-basic	1,456,038,736				1,160,436,777				1,427,485,102				1,160,029,575
Add: Effect of stock awards, if dilutive	—				542,674				—				514,005
Weighted average shares of common  stock outstanding-diluted	1,456,038,736				1,160,979,451				1,427,485,102				1,160,543,580
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common share
Basic	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Diluted	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60

(1)	The three and six months ended June 30, 2019 include cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million of the Company's Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.

No options to purchase shares of common stock were outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. Options to purchase 0.5 million shares of common stock were outstanding and considered anti-dilutive as their exercise price and option expense exceeded the average stock price for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

17.  INCOME TAXES

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 the Company was qualified to be taxed as a REIT under Code Sections 856 through 860. As a REIT, the Company will not incur federal income tax to the extent that it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders. To maintain qualification as a REIT, the Company must distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income to its stockholders and meet certain other requirements that relate to, among other things, assets it may hold, income it may generate and its stockholder composition. It is generally the Company’s policy to distribute 100% of its REIT taxable income. To the extent there is any

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Item 1. Financial Statements

undistributed REIT taxable income at the end of a year, the Company distributes such shortfall within the next year as permitted by the Code.

The Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Annaly TRS, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of Mountain Merger Sub Corp., have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs.  As such, each of these TRSs is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state and local income taxes based upon their taxable income.

The provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), clarify the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in financial statements and prescribe a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. ASC 740 also requires that interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits be recognized in the financial statements. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits that would affect its financial position. Thus, no accruals for penalties and interest were deemed necessary at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The state and local tax jurisdictions for which the Company is subject to tax-filing obligations recognize the Company’s status as a REIT, and therefore, the Company generally does not pay income tax in such jurisdictions. The Company may, however, be subject to certain minimum state and local tax filing fees as well as certain excise, franchise or business taxes. The Company’s TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded ($5.9) million and ($3.3) million, respectively, of income tax benefit attributable to its TRSs. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded $3.3 million and $3.8 million, respectively of income tax expense attributable to its TRSs. The Company’s federal, state and local tax returns from 2015 and forward remain open for examination.

18.  RISK MANAGEMENT

The primary risks to the Company are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk and credit risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the Company’s control. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with the interest bearing liabilities, by affecting the spread between the interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates can also affect the value of the interest earning assets and the Company’s ability to realize gains from the sale of these assets. A decline in the value of the interest earning assets pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements and derivative contracts could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral or liquidating some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.

The Company may seek to mitigate the potential financial impact by entering into interest rate agreements such as interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and other hedges.

Weakness in the mortgage market, the shape of the yield curve and changes in the expectations for the volatility of future interest rates may adversely affect the performance and market value of the Company’s investments. This could negatively impact the Company’s book value. Furthermore, if many of the Company’s lenders are unwilling or unable to provide additional financing, the Company could be forced to sell its investments at an inopportune time when prices are depressed. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating risks, including conducting scenario and sensitivity analyses and utilizing a range of hedging strategies.

The payment of principal and interest on the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities, which exclude CRT securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, is guaranteed by those respective agencies and the payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae Agency mortgage-backed securities is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Substantially all of the Company’s Agency mortgage-backed securities have an actual or implied “AAA” rating.

The Company faces credit risk on the portions of its portfolio which are not guaranteed by the respective Agency or by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The Company is exposed to credit risk on CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments, real estate investments, commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, CRT securities, other non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and corporate debt. MSR values may also be adversely impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. The Company is exposed to risk of loss if an issuer, borrower, tenant or counterparty fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, limiting transactions with specific counterparties, maintaining qualifying collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of issuers, borrowers, tenants and counterparties.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

19.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Management Agreement

The Company and the Manager have entered into a management agreement pursuant to which the Company’s management is conducted by the Manager through the authority delegated to it in the Management Agreement and pursuant to the policies established by the Board (the “Externalization”). The management agreement was effective as of July 1, 2013 and was amended on November 5, 2014, amended and restated on April 12, 2016, amended and restated on August 1, 2018, and amended on March 27, 2019 (the management agreement, as amended and restated, is referred to as “Management Agreement”).

Under the Management Agreement, the Manager, subject to the supervision and direction of the Board, is responsible for (i) the selection, purchase and sale of assets for the Company’s investment portfolio; (ii) recommending alternative forms of capital raising; (iii) supervising the Company’s financing and hedging activities; and (iv) day to day management functions. The Manager also performs such other supervisory and management services and activities relating to the Company’s assets and operations as may be appropriate. In exchange for the management services, the Company pays the Manager a monthly management fee, and the Manager is responsible for providing personnel to manage the Company. Prior to the most recent amendment to the Management Agreement, which was executed on March 27, 2019, the Company had paid the Manager a flat monthly management fee equal to 1/12th of 1.05% of Stockholders’ Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) for its management services. Pursuant to the March 27, 2019 amendment to the Management Agreement, the Company now pays the Manager a monthly management fee for its management services in an amount equal to 1/12th of the sum of (i) 1.05% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) up to $17.28 billion, and (ii) 0.75% of Stockholders' Equity (as defined in the Management Agreement) in excess of $17.28 billion. The Company does not pay the Manager any incentive fees.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the compensation and management fee was $44.2 million and $89.1 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the compensation and management fee was $45.6 million and $90.1 million, respectively.

Following the unanimous approval of the Company’s independent directors (the “Independent Directors”), in August 2018, the Company began reimbursing the Manager for certain services in connection with the management and operations of the Company and its subsidiaries as permitted under the terms of the Management Agreement. Such reimbursable expenses include the cost for certain legal, tax, accounting and other support and advisory services provided by employees of the Manager to the Company. Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Company may reimburse the Manager for the cost of such services, provided such costs are no greater than those that would be payable to comparable third party providers. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, reimbursement payments to the Manager were $7.1 million and $14.3 million, respectively. None of the reimbursement payments are attributable to compensation of the Company’s executive officers.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 the Company had amounts payable to the Manager of $16.9 million and $16.0 million, respectively.

The Management Agreement’s current term ends on December 31, 2019 and will automatically renew for successive two-year terms unless at least two-thirds of the Independent Directors or the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock in their sole discretion elect to terminate the agreement for any or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice (such notice, a “Termination Notice”).

If the Company makes an election to terminate the Management Agreement, the Company may elect to accelerate the termination date (the “Termination Date”) to a date that is between seven and 90 days after the date of the Company’s delivery of a Termination Notice (the “Notice Delivery Date”). If the Company does not make an election to accelerate the Termination Date, then the Manager may elect to accelerate the Termination Date to the date that is 90 days after the Notice Delivery Date. If the Termination Date is accelerated (such date, the “Accelerated Termination Date”) by either the Company or the Manager, in addition to any amounts accrued for the period prior to the Accelerated Termination Date, the Company shall pay the Manager an acceleration fee (the “Acceleration Fee”) in an amount equal to the average annual management fee earned by the Manager during the 24-month period immediately preceding such Accelerated Termination Date multiplied by a fraction with a numerator of 365 minus the number of days from the Notice Delivery Date to the Accelerated Termination Date, and a denominator of 365.

The Management Agreement may also be terminated by the Manager for any reason or no reason upon 365 days prior written notice, or with shorter notice periods by either the Company or the Manager for cause or by the Company in the event of a sale of the Manager that was not pre-approved by the Independent Directors.

The Management Agreement may be amended or modified by agreement between the Company and the Manager.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

20.  LEASE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2019 with no impact to retained earnings or other components of equity. The Company’s operating leases are primarily comprised of a corporate office lease with a remaining lease term of six years. The corporate office lease includes an option to extend for up to five years, however the extension term was not included in the operating lease liability calculation. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

Supplemental information related to leases as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was as follows:

	Operating Leases	Classification	June 30, 2019
	Assets	(dollars in thousands)
	Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other assets	$	17,062
	Liabilities
	Operating lease liabilities (1)	Other liabilities	$	21,989
	Lease term and discount rate
	Weighted average remaining lease term		6.2 years
	Weighted average discount rate (1)		2.9%
	Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
	Operating cash flows from operating leases		$	1,856
	(1)     As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at adoption date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The following table provides details related to maturities of lease liabilities:

	Maturity of Lease Liabilities
Years ending December 31,	(dollars in thousands)
2019 (remaining)	$	1,856
2020	3,799
2021	3,918
2022	3,862
2023	3,862
Later years	6,757
Total lease payments	$	24,054
Less imputed interest	2,065
Present value of lease liabilities	$	21,989

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. There were no material contingencies at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

21.  ARCOLA REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Arcola is the Company’s wholly owned and consolidated broker-dealer. Arcola is subject to regulations of the securities business that include but are not limited to trade practices, use and safekeeping of funds and securities, capital structure, recordkeeping and conduct of directors, officers and employees. 

Arcola is a member of various clearing organizations with which it maintains cash required to conduct its day-to-day clearance activities. Arcola enters into reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements as part of its matched book trading activity. Reverse repurchase agreements are recorded on settlement date at the contractual amount and are collateralized by mortgage-backed or other securities. Arcola generates income from the spread between what is earned on the reverse repurchase agreements and what is paid on the matched repurchase agreements. Arcola’s policy is to obtain possession of collateral with a market value in excess of the principal amount loaned under reverse repurchase agreements. To ensure that the market value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, collateral is valued daily, and Arcola will require counterparties to deposit additional collateral, when necessary.  All reverse repurchase activities are transacted under master repurchase agreements or other documentation that give Arcola the right, in the event of default, to liquidate collateral held and in some instances, to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty.

As a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), Arcola is required to maintain a minimum net capital balance. At June 30, 2019 Arcola had a minimum net capital requirement of $0.3 million. Arcola consistently operates with capital in excess of its regulatory capital requirements. Arcola’s regulatory net capital as defined by SEC Rule 15c3-1, at June 30, 2019 was $394.2 million with excess net capital of $393.9 million.

22.  ACQUISITION OF MTGE INVESTMENT CORP.

On September 7, 2018, Mountain Merger Sub Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, completed its acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. (“MTGE”), an externally managed hybrid mortgage REIT, for aggregate consideration to MTGE common shareholders of $906.2 million, consisting of $455.9 million in equity consideration and $450.3 million in cash consideration (the “MTGE Acquisition”). The Company issued 43.6 million shares of common stock as part of the consideration for the MTGE Acquisition. In addition, as part of the MTGE Acquisition, each share of MTGE 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (each, a “MTGE Preferred Share”), that was outstanding as of immediately prior to the completion of the MTGE Acquisition was converted into one share of a newly-designated series of the Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, which the Company classified and designated as Series H Preferred Stock, and which have rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers substantially the same as a MTGE Preferred Share.

The MTGE Acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 805 Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Under ASC 805, an acquisition does not qualify as a business combination if the acquisition does not meet the definition of a business. GAAP defines a business as an integrated set of activities and assets that is capable of being conducted and managed for the purpose of providing a return in the form of dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly to investors or other owners, members, or participants. Since the Company did not acquire the external management agreement with the MTGE’s third party manager, there were no substantive processes acquired as part of the acquisition. Therefore, the MTGE Acquisition was not considered a business combination.

Under ASC 805, an asset acquisition is accounted for under the cost accumulation model which allocates the cost of the acquisition which generally includes direct transaction costs to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of relative fair value with certain exceptions including financial assets and current assets. These exceptions are excluded from the cost accumulation method since recognizing these assets at amounts other than their fair value would result in a subsequent gain or loss upon re-measurement.The allocation of the consideration paid as part of the transaction and its assignment to the initial carrying value of the MTGE portfolio is noted in the below table.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

	September 2018
Consideration transferred	(dollars in thousands)
Cash	$	450,287
Common equity	455,943
Preferred shares
Exchange of MTGE preferred stock for Annaly preferred stock	55,000
Total consideration	$	961,230
Net assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	191,953
Securities	4,111,930
Real estate, net	277,648
Derivative assets	18,629
Reverse repurchase agreements	938,251
Receivable for unsettled trades	6,809
Principal receivable	44,462
Interest receivable	14,282
Intangible assets, net	14,483
Other assets	50,105
Total assets acquired	5,668,552
Repurchase agreements	3,561,816
Mortgages payable	201,629
U.S. Treasury securities sold, not yet purchased	934,149
Derivative liabilities	2,498
Interest payable	22,220
Dividends payable	819
Other liabilities	28,715
Total liabilities assumed	4,751,846
Net assets acquired	$	916,706

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 1. Financial Statements

23.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In July 2019, the Company redeemed all 7.0 million of its issued and outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock at a redemption price per share of $25.00 plus accumulated and unpaid dividends per share to, but not including, the redemption date.

In July 2019, the Company completed and closed its fourth securitization of residential mortgage loans for the 2019 calendar year, OBX 2019-EXP2 Trust, with a face value of $463.4 million. The securitization represented a financing transaction which provided non-recourse financing to the Company collateralized by residential mortgage loans purchased by the Company.

In July 2019, the Company issued an additional 1.7 million shares of its Series I Preferred Stock pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option for additional gross proceeds of $42.5 million before deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this quarterly report, and certain statements contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”), in our press releases or in our other public or stockholder communications contain or incorporate by reference certain forward-looking statements which are based on various assumptions (some of which are beyond our control) and may be identified by reference to a future period or periods or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “continue,” or similar terms or variations on those terms or the negative of those terms. Actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates; changes in the yield curve; changes in prepayment rates; the availability of mortgage-backed securities and other securities for purchase; the availability of financing and, if available, the terms of any financing; changes in the market value of our assets; changes in business conditions and the general economy; our ability to grow our commercial business; our ability to grow our residential credit business; our ability to grow our middle market lending business; credit risks related to our investments in credit risk transfer securities, residential mortgage-backed securities and related residential mortgage credit assets, commercial real estate assets and corporate debt; risks related to investments in MSRs; our ability to consummate any contemplated investment opportunities; changes in government regulations or policy affecting our business; our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, see “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake, and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. All references to “Annaly,” “we,” “us,” or “our” mean Annaly Capital Management, Inc. and all entities owned by us, except where it is made clear that the term means only the parent company.  Refer to the section titled “Glossary of Terms” located at the end of this Item 2 for definitions of commonly used terms in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

INDEX TO ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
	Page
Overview	46
Business Environment	46
Economic Environment	46
Results of Operations	47
Net Income (Loss) Summary	47
Non-GAAP Financial Measures	47
Core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA), core earnings attributable to common stockholders and core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA), core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share and annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA)	48
Premium Amortization Expense	50
Interest Income (excluding PAA), economic interest expense and economic net interest income (excluding PAA)	51
Experienced and Projected Long-term CPR	51
Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) and Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)	52
Economic Interest Expense and Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities	53
Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)	53
Other Income (Loss)	55
General and Administrative Expenses	55
Return on Average Equity	55
Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments	56
Financial Condition	56
Residential Securities	57
Contractual Obligations	59
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	60
Capital Management	60
Stockholders’ Equity	61
Capital Stock	61
Leverage and Capital	62
Risk Management	62
Risk Appetite	62
Governance	62
Description of Risks	63
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk Management	64
Funding	64
Excess Liquidity	64
Maturity Profile	66
Stress Testing	67
Liquidity Management Policies	67
Investment/Market Risk Management	68
Credit Risk Management	69
Counterparty Risk Management	69
Operational Risk Management	70
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk Management	70
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	71
Valuation of Financial Instruments	71
Residential Securities	71
Residential Mortgage Loans	71
Commercial Real Estate Investments	71
Interest Rate Swaps	71
Revenue Recognition	71
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities	71
Use of Estimates	71
Glossary of Terms	72

 

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Overview

We are a leading diversified capital manager that invests in and finances residential and commercial assets. Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and to preserve capital through prudent selection of investments and continuous management of our portfolio. We are a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a REIT. We are externally managed by Annaly Management Company LLC (“Manager”). Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “NLY.”

We use our capital coupled with borrowed funds to invest primarily in real estate related investments, earning the spread between the yield on our assets and the cost of our borrowings and hedging activities.

For a full discussion of our business, refer to the section titled “Business Overview” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Business Environment

U.S. Treasuries across maturities rallied by up to 50 bps during the second quarter of 2019, driven mostly by a re-pricing of front-end rates in light of prospects for easier monetary policy and reduced inflation expectations. The market pricing now suggests expectations for an almost 100 bps decrease in the Federal Funds Target Rate (“Fed Funds rate”) by December of 2020. This market pricing was validated by dovish rhetoric from the Chairman and voting members of the Federal Open Markets Committee (“FOMC”), which have suggested that easier monetary policy will be necessary to sustain the economic expansion into its eleventh year amid several growing headwinds both domestically and from overseas. The combination of lower interest rates and the central bank’s dovish posture has decreased risk premiums across most credit assets, in turn pushing spreads tighter. In contrast, these moves have been challenging for Agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). With mortgage rates falling to the lowest level since the fourth quarter of 2016, prepayment risk has significantly increased relative to the recent past. Moreover, when including the forward sales of MBS that originators typically enter into to hedge their origination pipelines, net supply of Agency MBS rose meaningfully in the second quarter of 2019. While the seasonal uptick in supply from increased housing turnover activity was long expected, the increase in refinancing activity was unexpected as it was caused by the sharp rally in rates.

While market rates rallied and Agency MBS current coupon declined 50 bps to 2.75%, current financing rates remained relatively unchanged at 2.5% from the prior quarter. This combination of increased prepayment risk, increased supply and decreasing asset spread to financing all contributed to push agency MBS spreads noticeably wider. The silver lining is that these moves have made the outlook for Agency MBS more attractive. While originators are likely to have sold their production from refinancing activity forward, investors will receive renumeration from the same refinancing with an eight to ten-week lag, which should improve the supply/demand picture. The Federal Reserve (“Fed”) cut interest rates at the July FOMC meeting, which should lower financing rates over time. Absent a further rally in rates, the spike in refinancing activity in the second quarter is likely to fade over time. Based on current market pricing, the spread between asset yields and financing rates is likely to increase going forward, in turn creating a relatively more attractive environment for Agency MBS. So far, the credit markets have been comfortable assuming that the slowdown in growth expectations are more than offset by the easing in financial conditions. However, we are reluctant to reach for yield by going further out on the credit spectrum. We continue to judiciously add to our credit portfolio in defensive sectors that we think will continue to outperform the broader markets even if growth slows down more than expected. Thus allocation to Agency MBS modestly increased in the second quarter and is likely to remain at current levels unless we see more attractive opportunities in credit in the coming months.

Economic Environment

The pace of economic growth slowed from its growth rate in the first quarter of 2019, with gross domestic product (“GDP”) registering an annualized 2.1% growth rate in the second quarter. Economic growth nonetheless included robust personal consumption, which contributed 2.9% to the annualized GDP growth rate, to offset slowdowns in other sectors of the economy.

Inflation remained below the Fed’s 2% target in the second quarter as measured by the year-over-year changes in the Personal Consumption Expenditure Chain Price Index (“PCE”). The headline PCE measure increased by 1.4% year-over-year in June 2019. The more stable core PCE measure, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, registered an increase of 1.6% year-over-year, on a broad-based slowdown in price increases in a number of inflation-components. The Fed expects the core and headline PCE measures to rebound to levels close to their 2% target over the medium term following the shift in monetary policy seen in the quarter.

The Fed currently conducts monetary policy with a dual mandate: full employment and price stability. The unemployment rate fell from 3.8% to 3.7% during the second quarter of 2019, remaining below the Fed’s estimate of the long-run unemployment rate of 4.2%, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics and Federal Reserve Board. The economy added 171,000 jobs per month in the second quarter, down from 223,000 jobs added per month in 2018. Wage growth, as measured by the year-over-year change

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

in private sector Average Hourly Earnings, slowed somewhat, reading 3.1% in the month of June 2019 compared to 3.2% in the month of March 2019.

In the second quarter, the FOMC began signaling the potential for decreases in the Federal Funds Target Rate given disappointing economic growth overseas, a slowdown in the manufacturing sector growth, lower realized inflation, and increased downside risks to the U.S. economy. At the July FOMC meeting on July 31, 2019, the Fed lowered the Federal Funds Target Rate by 25 bps to a range of 2.00% - 2.25%.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate rallied 40 basis points as the shift in Fed communications lowered interest rates, while concerns around economic growth supported demand for safe assets, such as U.S. Treasuries. The mortgage basis, or the spread between the 30-year Agency mortgage-backed security coupon and 10-year U.S. Treasury rate, widened as mortgage-backed securities saw more supply as a result of seasonal factors, including higher housing turnover during the spring when most home purchases are conducted throughout the year, and investor concerns over increased refinancing activity at lower interest rate levels.

The following table presents interest rates and spreads at each date presented:

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018
30-Year mortgage current coupon	2.74%		3.50%		3.60%
Mortgage basis	73 bps		82 bps		74 bps
10-Year U.S. Treasury rate	2.01%		2.68%		2.86%
LIBOR
1-Month	2.40%		2.50%		2.09%
6-Month	2.20%		2.88%		2.50%

 

 

Results of Operations

The results of our operations are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control. Certain of such risks and uncertainties are described herein (see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above) and in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

This Management Discussion and Analysis section contains analysis and discussion of financial results computed in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and non-GAAP measurements. To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide non-GAAP financial measures to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers.

Please refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.

Net Income (Loss) Summary

The following table presents financial information related to our results of operations as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30,								As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest income	$	927,598			$	776,806			$	1,793,784			$	1,656,293
Interest expense	750,217				442,692				1,397,912				810,113
Net interest income	177,381				334,114				395,872				846,180
Realized and unrealized gains (losses)	(1,909,482		)		294,646				(2,921,408		)		1,139,335
Other income (loss)	28,181				34,170				58,683				68,193
Less: General and administrative expenses	78,408				63,781				162,145				126,291
Income (loss) before income taxes	(1,782,328		)		599,149				(2,628,998		)		1,927,417
Income taxes	(5,915		)		3,262				(3,334		)		3,826
Net income (loss)	(1,776,413		)		595,887				(2,625,664		)		1,923,591
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly	(1,776,330		)		595,919				(2,625,480		)		1,923,719
Less: Dividends on preferred stock (1)	32,422				31,377				64,916				65,143
Net income (loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	(1,808,752	)		$	564,542			$	(2,690,396	)		$	1,858,576
Net income (loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders
Basic	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Diluted	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Basic	1,456,038,736				1,160,436,777				1,427,485,102				1,160,029,575
Diluted	1,456,038,736				1,160,979,451				1,427,485,102				1,160,543,580
Other information
Asset portfolio at period-end	$	128,843,443			$	96,314,032			$	128,843,443			$	96,314,032
Average total assets	$	125,486,663			$	99,607,615			$	118,920,284			$	100,325,093
Average equity	$	15,744,426			$	13,858,396			$	15,202,217			$	14,196,121
Leverage at period-end (2)	7.2:1				6.0:1				7.2:1				6.0:1
Economic leverage at period-end (3)	7.6:1				6.4:1				7.6:1				6.4:1
Capital ratio (4)	11.4		%		13.2		%		11.4		%		13.2		%
Annualized return on average total assets	(5.66		%)		2.39		%		(4.42		%)		3.83		%
Annualized return on average equity	(45.13		%)		17.20		%		(34.54		%)		27.10		%
Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA) (5)	9.94		%		11.05		%		10.85		%		10.83		%
Net interest margin (6)	0.87		%		1.53		%		1.05		%		1.74		%
Net interest margin (excluding PAA) (5)	1.28		%		1.56		%		1.39		%		1.54		%
Average yield on interest earning assets	3.03		%		3.04		%		3.09		%		3.24		%
Average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) (5)	3.48		%		3.07		%		3.47		%		3.03		%
Average cost of interest bearing liabilities (7)	2.41		%		1.89		%		2.29		%		1.90		%
Net interest spread	0.62		%		1.15		%		0.80		%		1.34		%
Net interest spread (excluding PAA) (5)	1.07		%		1.18		%		1.18		%		1.13		%
Weighted average experienced CPR for the period	11.2		%		10.1		%		9.3		%		9.5		%
Weighted average projected long-term CPR at period-end	14.5		%		9.1		%		14.5		%		9.1		%
Common stock book value per share	$	9.33			$	10.35			$	9.33			$	10.35
Interest income (excluding PAA) (5)	$	1,067,361			$	784,322			$	2,015,418			$	1,545,414
Economic interest expense (5) (7)	$	666,564			$	411,217			$	1,180,224			$	826,798
Economic net interest income (excluding PAA) (5)	$	400,797			$	373,105			$	835,194			$	718,616
Core earnings (5)	$	251,390			$	375,297			$	602,674			$	878,964
Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit)	$	139,763			$	7,516			$	221,634			$	(110,879	)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (5)	$	391,153			$	382,813			$	824,308			$	768,085
Core earnings per common share (5)	$	0.15			$	0.30			$	0.38			$	0.70
PAA cost (benefit) per common share (5)	$	0.10			$	—			$	0.15			$	(0.09	)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) per common share (5)	$	0.25			$	0.30			$	0.53			$	0.61
(1)    The three and six months ended June 30, 2019 include cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million of our Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019. (2)    Debt consists of repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us. (3)    Computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity. (4)    Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs. (5)    Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information. (6)    Represents the sum of our interest income plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average outstanding TBA contract and CMBX balances. (7)    Average cost on interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average amortized cost during the period. Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

 

GAAP

Net income (loss) was ($1.8) billion, which includes ($83.0) thousand attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($1.24) per average basic common share, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $595.9 million, which includes ($32.0) thousand attributable to noncontrolling interests, or $0.49 per average basic common share, for the same period in 2018. We attribute the majority of the change in net income (loss) to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and net gains (losses) on other derivatives, and higher interest expense. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($1.3) billion for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $343.5 million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($506.4) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $34.2 million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to these changes. Interest expense increased to $750.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $442.7 million for the same period in 2018, reflecting higher borrowing rates and an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities.

Net income (loss) was ($2.6) billion, which includes ($0.2) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or ($1.88) per average basic common share, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $1.9 billion, which includes ($0.1) million attributable to noncontrolling interests, or $1.60 per average basic common share, for the same period in 2018. We attribute the majority of the change in net income (loss) to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps, realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps and net gains (losses) on other derivatives. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($1.7) billion for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $1.3 billion for the same period in 2018. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($755.7) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $0.8 million for the same period in 2018. Net losses on other derivatives was ($621.6) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($13.0) million for the same period in 2018. Refer to the section titled “Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)” located within this Item 2. for additional information related to these changes.

Non-GAAP

Core earnings (excluding premium amortization adjustment (“PAA”)) were $391.2 million, or $0.25 per average common share, for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $382.8 million, or $0.30 per average common share, for the same period in 2018. Core earnings (excluding PAA) increased during the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 primarily due to higher coupon income resulting from an increase in average Interest Earning Assets and favorable changes in the net interest component of interest rate swaps, partially offset by an increase in interest expense from higher borrowing rates and an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities.

Core earnings (excluding PAA)) were $824.3 million, or $0.53 per average common share, for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $768.1 million, or $0.61 per average common share, for the same period in 2018. Core earnings (excluding PAA) increased during the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 primarily due to higher coupon income earned resulting from an increase in average Interest Earning Assets and favorable changes in the net interest component of interest rate swaps, partially offset by an increase in interest expense from higher borrowing rates and an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Beginning with the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we updated our calculation of core earnings and related metrics to reflect changes to our portfolio composition and operations, including the acquisition of MTGE Investment Corp. (“MTGE”) in September 2018. Compared to prior periods, the revised definition of core earnings includes coupon income (expense) on CMBX positions (reported in Net gains (losses) on other derivatives) and excludes depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles (reported in Other income (loss)), non-core income (loss) allocated to equity method investments (reported in Other income (loss)) and the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) (reported in Income taxes). Prior period results have not been adjusted to conform to the revised calculation as the impact in each of those periods is not material.

To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we provide the following non-GAAP financial measures.

•	core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA);

•	core earnings attributable to common stockholders and core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA);

•	core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share;

•	annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA);

 

•	interest income (excluding PAA);

•	economic interest expense;

•	economic net interest income (excluding PAA);

•	average yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA);

•	net interest margin (excluding PAA); and

•	net interest spread (excluding PAA).

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

These measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures computed in accordance with GAAP. While intended to offer a fuller understanding of our results and operations, non-GAAP financial measures also have limitations. For example, we may calculate our non-GAAP metrics, such as core earnings, or the PAA, differently than our peers making comparative analysis difficult. Additionally, in the case of non-GAAP measures that exclude the PAA, the amount of amortization expense excluding the PAA is not necessarily representative of the amount of future periodic amortization nor is it indicative of the term over which we will amortize the remaining unamortized premium. Changes to actual and estimated prepayments will impact the timing and amount of premium amortization and, as such, both GAAP and non-GAAP results.

These non-GAAP measures provide additional detail to enhance investor understanding of our period-over-period operating performance and business trends, as well as for assessing our performance versus that of industry peers. Additional information pertaining to our use of these non-GAAP financial measures, including discussion of how each such measure may be useful to investors, and reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP results are provided below.

Core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA), core earnings attributable to common stockholders and core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA), core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share and annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA)

Our principal business objective is to generate net income for distribution to our stockholders and to preserve capital through prudent selection of investments and continuous management of our portfolio. We generate net income by earning a net interest spread on our investment portfolio, which is a function of interest income from our investment portfolio less financing, hedging and operating costs.  Core earnings, which is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items) and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items), and core earnings (excluding PAA), which is defined as core earnings excluding the premium amortization adjustment representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities, are used by management and, we believe, used by analysts and investors to measure our progress in achieving our principal business objective.  

We seek to fulfill our principal business objective through a variety of factors including portfolio construction, the degree of market risk exposure and related hedge profile, and the use and forms of leverage, all while operating within the parameters of our capital allocation policy and risk governance framework.

We believe these non-GAAP measures provide management and investors with additional details regarding our underlying operating results and investment portfolio trends by (i) making adjustments to account for the disparate reporting of changes in fair value where certain instruments are reflected in GAAP net income (loss) while others are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss), and (ii) by excluding certain unrealized, non-cash or episodic components of GAAP net income (loss) in order to provide additional transparency into the operating performance of our portfolio. Annualized core return on average equity (excluding PAA), which is calculated by dividing core earnings (excluding PAA) over average stockholders’ equity, provides investors with additional detail on the core earnings generated by our invested equity capital.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP financial results to non-GAAP core earnings for the periods presented:

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
GAAP net income (loss)	$	(1,776,413	)		$	595,887			$	(2,625,664	)		$	1,923,591
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(83		)		(32		)		(184		)		(128		)
Net income (loss) attributable to Annaly	(1,776,330		)		595,919				(2,625,480		)		1,923,719
Adjustments to exclude reported realized and unrealized (gains) losses
Realized (gains) losses on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps	167,491				—				755,747				(834		)
Unrealized (gains) losses on interest rate swaps	1,276,019				(343,475		)		1,666,575				(1,320,760		)
Net (gains) losses on disposal of investments	38,333				66,117				132,249				52,649
Net (gains) losses on other derivatives	506,411				(34,189		)		621,570				12,956
Net unrealized (gains) losses on instruments measured at fair value through earnings	4,881				48,376				(42,748		)		99,969
Loan loss provision	—				—				5,703				—
Adjustments to exclude components of other (income) loss
Depreciation and amortization expense related to commercial real estate (1)	10,147				—				20,261				—
Non-core (income) loss allocated to equity method investments (2)	11,327				—				20,823				—
Adjustments to exclude components of general and administrative expenses and income taxes
Transaction expenses and non-recurring items (3)	3,046				—				13,028				1,519
Income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items	(3,507		)		—				(2,781		)		—
Adjustments to add back components of realized and unrealized (gains) losses
TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income (4)	33,229				62,491				71,363				150,844
MSR amortization (5)	(19,657		)		(19,942		)		(33,636		)		(41,098		)
Core earnings (6)	251,390				375,297				602,674				878,964
Less
Premium amortization adjustment cost (benefit)	139,763				7,516				221,634				(110,879		)
Core earnings (excluding PAA) (6)	$	391,153			$	382,813			$	824,308			$	768,085
Dividends on preferred stock (7)	32,422				31,377				64,916				65,143
Core earnings attributable to common stockholders (6)	$	218,968			$	343,920			$	537,758			$	813,821
Core earnings attributable to common stockholders (excluding PAA) (6)	$	358,731			$	351,436			$	759,392			$	702,942
GAAP net income (loss) per average common share (7)	$	(1.24	)		$	0.49			$	(1.88	)		$	1.60
Core earnings per average common share (6) (7)	$	0.15			$	0.30			$	0.38			$	0.70
Core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share (6) (7)	$	0.25			$	0.30			$	0.53			$	0.61
GAAP return (loss) on average equity	(45.13		%)		17.20		%		(34.54		%)		27.10		%
Core return on average equity (excluding PAA) (6)	9.94		%		11.05		%		10.85		%		10.83		%

(1)	Includes depreciation and amortization expense related to equity method investments. There were no adjustments for depreciation and amortization expense related to equity method investments prior to September 30, 2018.

(2)	Beginning with the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we exclude non-core (income) loss allocated to equity method investments, which represents unrealized (gains) losses allocated to equity interests in a portfolio of MSR and a realized gain on sale within an unconsolidated joint venture, which are components of Other income (loss).

(3)	Represents costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans. The six months ended June 30, 2019 also includes costs incurred in connection with the securitization of commercial loans.

(4)	TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $0.8 million and $1.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. There were no adjustments for CMBX coupon income prior to September 30, 2018.

(5)	MSR amortization represents the portion of changes in fair value that is attributable to the realization of estimated cash flows on the Company’s MSR portfolio and is reported as a component of Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value.

(6)	Represents a non-GAAP financial measure.

(7)	The three and six months ended June 30, 2019 include cumulative and undeclared dividends of $0.3 million on our Series I Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2019.

From time to time, we enter into TBA forward contracts as an alternate means of investing in and financing Agency mortgage-backed securities. A TBA contract is an agreement to purchase or sell, for future delivery, an Agency mortgage-backed security with a specified issuer, term and coupon. A TBA dollar roll represents a transaction where TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates are simultaneously bought and sold. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. The drop is a reflection of

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

the expected net interest income from an investment in similar Agency mortgage-backed securities, net of an implied financing cost, that would be foregone as a result of settling the contract in the later month rather than in the earlier month. The drop between the current settlement month price and the forward settlement month price occurs because in the TBA dollar roll market, the party providing the financing is the party that would retain all principal and interest payments accrued during the financing period. Accordingly, TBA dollar roll income generally represents the economic equivalent of the net interest income earned on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security less an implied financing cost.

TBA dollar roll transactions are accounted for under GAAP as a series of derivatives transactions. The fair value of TBA derivatives is based on methods similar to those used to value Agency mortgage-backed securities. We record TBA derivatives at fair value on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and recognize periodic changes in fair value as Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), which includes both unrealized and realized gains and losses on derivatives (excluding interest rate swaps).

TBA dollar roll income is calculated as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates multiplied by the notional amount of the TBA contract. Although accounted for as derivatives, TBA dollar rolls capture the economic equivalent of net interest income, or carry, on the underlying Agency mortgage-backed security (interest income less an implied cost of financing). TBA dollar roll income is reported as a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 commercial mortgage-backed securities of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of commercial mortgage-backed securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying commercial mortgage-backed securities as they occur. We report income (expense) on CMBX positions in Net gains (losses) on other derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The coupon payments received or paid on CMBX positions is equivalent to interest income (expense) and therefore included in core earnings.

Premium Amortization Expense

In accordance with GAAP, we amortize or accrete premiums or discounts into interest income for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, excluding interest-only securities, taking into account estimates of future principal prepayments in the calculation of the effective yield. We recalculate the effective yield as differences between anticipated and actual prepayments occur. Using third-party model and market information to project future cash flows and expected remaining lives of securities, the effective interest rate determined for each security is applied as if it had been in place from the date of the security’s acquisition. The amortized cost of the security is then adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition date. The adjustment to amortized cost is offset with a charge or credit to interest income. Changes in interest rates and other market factors will impact prepayment speed projections and the amount of premium amortization recognized in any given period.

Our GAAP metrics include the unadjusted impact of amortization and accretion associated with this method. Certain of our non-GAAP metrics exclude the effect of the PAA, which quantifies the component of premium amortization representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”).

The following table illustrates the impact of the PAA on premium amortization expense for our Residential Securities portfolio for the periods presented:

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Premium amortization expense	$	318,587			$	202,426			$	566,033			$	298,258
Less: PAA cost (benefit)	139,763				7,516				221,634				(110,879		)
Premium amortization expense (excluding PAA)	$	178,824			$	194,910			$	344,399			$	409,137

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	(per average common share)
Premium amortization expense	$	0.22			$	0.17			$	0.40			$	0.26
Less: PAA cost (benefit)	0.10				—				0.15				(0.09		)
Premium amortization expense (excluding PAA)	$	0.12			$	0.17			$	0.25			$	0.35

Interest income (excluding PAA), economic interest expense and economic net interest income (excluding PAA)

Interest income (excluding PAA) represents interest income excluding the effect of the premium amortization adjustment, and serves as the basis for deriving average yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), net interest spread (excluding PAA) and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which are discussed below. We believe this measure provides management and investors with additional detail to enhance their understanding of our operating results and trends by excluding the component of premium amortization expense representing the cumulative effect of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities (other than interest-only securities), which can obscure underlying trends in the performance of the portfolio.

Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. We use interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to changing interest rates on repurchase agreements by economically hedging cash flows associated with these borrowings. Accordingly, adding the net interest component of interest rate swaps to interest expense, as computed in accordance with GAAP, reflects the total contractual interest expense and thus, provides investors with additional information about the cost of our financing strategy. We may use market agreed coupon (“MAC”) interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering into such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. In accordance with GAAP, upfront payments associated with MAC interest rate swaps are not reflected in the net interest component of interest rate swaps in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). We did not enter into any MAC interest rate swaps during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Similarly, economic net interest income (excluding PAA), as computed below, provides investors with additional information to enhance their understanding of the net economics of our primary business operations.

The following tables provide GAAP measures of interest expense and net interest income and details with respect to reconciling the aforementioned line items on a non-GAAP basis for each respective period:

Interest Income (excluding PAA)

	GAAP Interest Income				PAA Cost (Benefit)				Interest Income (excluding PAA)
For the three months ended	(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	927,598			$	139,763			$	1,067,361
June 30, 2018	$	776,806			$	7,516			$	784,322
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	1,793,784			$	221,634			$	2,015,418
June 30, 2018	$	1,656,293			$	(110,879	)		$	1,545,414

Economic Interest Expense and Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA)

	GAAP Interest Expense				Add: Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps				Economic Interest Expense				GAAP Net Interest Income				Less: Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps				Economic Net Interest Income				Add: PAA Cost (Benefit)				Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA)
For the three months ended				(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	750,217			$	(83,653	)		$	666,564			$	177,381			$	(83,653	)		$	261,034			$	139,763			$	400,797
June 30, 2018	$	442,692			$	(31,475	)		$	411,217			$	334,114			$	(31,475	)		$	365,589			$	7,516			$	373,105
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	1,397,912			$	(217,688	)		$	1,180,224			$	395,872			$	(217,688	)		$	613,560			$	221,634			$	835,194
June 30, 2018	$	810,113			$	16,685			$	826,798			$	846,180			$	16,685			$	829,495			$	(110,879	)		$	718,616

Experienced and Projected Long-Term CPR

Prepayment speeds, as reflected by the CPR and interest rates vary according to the type of investment, conditions in financial markets, competition and other factors, none of which can be predicted with any certainty. In general, as prepayment speeds and expectations of prepayment speeds on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio increase, related purchase premium amortization increases, thereby reducing the yield on such assets. The following table presents the weighted average experienced CPR and weighted average projected long-term CPR on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of and for the periods presented.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Experienced CPR (1)			Projected Long-term CPR (2)
For the three months ended
June 30, 2019	11.2	%		14.5	%
June 30, 2018	10.1	%		9.1	%
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	9.3	%		14.5	%
June 30, 2018	9.5	%		9.1	%

(1)	For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

(2)	At June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA), Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) and Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)

Net interest spread (excluding PAA), which is the difference between the average yield on interest earning assets (excluding PAA) and the average cost of interest bearing liabilities, and net interest margin (excluding PAA), which is calculated as the sum of interest income (excluding PAA) plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average TBA contract and CMBX balances, provide management with additional measures of our profitability that management relies upon in monitoring the performance of the business.

Disclosure of these measures, which are presented below, provides investors with additional detail regarding how management evaluates our performance.

Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA)

	Average Interest Earning     Assets (1)				Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2)				Average Yield on Interest Earning Assets (excluding PAA) (2)			Average Interest Bearing Liabilities				Economic Interest Expense (2)(3)				Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities (3)			Economic Net Interest Income (excluding PAA) (2)			Net Interest Spread (excluding PAA) (2)
For the three months ended	(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	122,601,881			$	1,067,361			3.48	%		$	109,628,007			$	666,564			2.41	%		400,797			1.07	%
June 30, 2018	$	102,193,435			$	784,322			3.07	%		$	87,103,807			$	411,217			1.89	%		373,105			1.18	%
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	116,274,204			$	2,015,418			3.47	%		$	102,578,913			$	1,180,224			2.29	%		835,194			1.18	%
June 30, 2018	$	102,086,239			$	1,545,414			3.03	%		$	87,240,130			$	826,798			1.90	%		718,616			1.13	%
(1)    Based on amortized cost. (2)    Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information. (3)    Average cost on interest bearing liabilities represents annualized economic interest expense divided by average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities reflects the average amortized cost during the period. Economic interest expense is comprised of  GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA)

	Interest Income (excluding PAA) (1)				TBA Dollar Roll and CMBX Coupon Income (2)			Interest Expense			Net Interest Component of Interest Rate Swaps			Subtotal				Average Interest Earnings Assets				Average TBA Contract and CMBX Balances			Subtotal				Net Interest Margin (excluding PAA) (1)
For the three months ended					(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	1,067,361			33,229			(750,217	)		83,653			$	434,026			$	122,601,881			12,757,975			$	135,359,856			1.28	%
June 30, 2018	$	784,322			62,491			(442,692	)		31,475			$	435,596			$	102,193,435			9,407,819			$	111,601,254			1.56	%
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	2,015,418			71,363			(1,397,912	)		217,688			$	906,557			$	116,274,204			13,842,733			$	130,116,937			1.39	%
June 30, 2018	$	1,545,414			150,844			(810,113	)		(16,685	)		$	869,460			$	102,086,239			10,729,080			$	112,815,319			1.54	%

(1)	Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for additional information.

(2)	TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income each represent a component of Net gains (losses) on other derivatives. CMBX coupon income totaled $0.8 million and $1.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. There were no adjustments for CMBX coupon income prior to September 30, 2018.

Economic Interest Expense and Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities

Typically, our largest expense is the cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities and the net interest component of interest rate swaps. The table below shows our average Interest Bearing Liabilities and average cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities as compared to average one-month and average six-month LIBOR for the periods presented.

Cost of Funds on Average Interest Bearing Liabilities

	Average Interest Bearing Liabilities				Interest Bearing Liabilities at Period End				Economic Interest Expense (1)				Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities			Average One- Month LIBOR			Average Six- Month LIBOR			Average One-Month LIBOR Relative to Average Six- Month LIBOR			Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities Relative to Average One- Month LIBOR			Average Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities Relative to Average Six-Month LIBOR
For the three months ended
June 30, 2019	$	109,628,007			$	112,779,398			$	666,564			2.41	%		2.44	%		2.50	%		(0.06	%)		(0.03	%)		(0.09	%)
June 30, 2018	$	87,103,807			$	82,249,834			$	411,217			1.89	%		1.97	%		2.50	%		(0.53	%)		(0.08	%)		(0.61	%)
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	102,578,913			$	112,779,398			$	1,180,224			2.29	%		2.47	%		2.63	%		(0.16	%)		(0.18	%)		(0.34	%)
June 30, 2018	$	87,240,130			$	82,249,834			$	826,798			1.90	%		1.81	%		2.30	%		(0.49	%)		0.09	%		(0.40	%)
(1)     Economic interest expense is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Economic interest expense increased by $255.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Economic interest expense increased by $353.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The change in each period was primarily due to an increase in average Interest Bearing Liabilities and higher rates on repurchase agreements, partially offset by the change in the net interest component of interest rate swaps which was $83.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $31.5 million for the same period in 2018 and $217.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($16.7) million for the same period in 2018.

We do not manage our portfolio to have a pre-designated amount of borrowings at quarter or year end. Our borrowings at period end are a snapshot of our borrowings as of a date, and this number may differ from average borrowings over the period for a number of reasons. The mortgage-backed securities we own pay principal and interest towards the end of each month and the mortgage-backed securities we purchase are typically settled during the beginning of the month. As a result, depending on the amount of mortgage-backed securities we have committed to purchase, we may retain the principal and interest we receive in the prior month, or we may use it to pay down our borrowings. Moreover, we generally use interest rate swaps, swaptions and other derivative instruments to hedge our portfolio, and as we pledge or receive collateral under these agreements, our borrowings on any given day may be increased or decreased. Our average borrowings during a quarter may differ from period end borrowings as we implement our portfolio management strategies and risk management strategies over changing market conditions by increasing or decreasing leverage. Additionally, these numbers may differ during periods when we conduct equity capital raises, as in certain instances we may purchase additional assets and increase leverage in anticipation of an equity capital raise. Since our average borrowings and period end borrowings can be expected to differ, we believe our average borrowings during a period provide a more accurate representation of our exposure to the risks associated with leverage than our period end borrowings.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the majority of our debt represented repurchase agreements and other secured financing arrangements collateralized by a pledge of our Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate loans. All of our Residential Securities are currently accepted as collateral for these borrowings. However, we limit our borrowings, and thus our potential asset growth, in order to maintain unused borrowing capacity and maintain the liquidity and strength of our balance sheet.

Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses)

Realized and unrealized gains (losses) is comprised of net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps, net gains (losses) on disposal of investments, net gains (losses) on other derivatives and net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings. These components of realized and unrealized gains (losses) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps (1)	$	(1,359,857	)		$	374,950			(2,204,634		)		1,304,909
Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments	(38,333		)		(66,117		)		(132,249		)		(52,649		)
Net gains (losses) on other derivatives	(506,411		)		34,189				(621,570		)		(12,956		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings	(4,881		)		(48,376		)		42,748				(99,969		)
Loan loss provision	—				—				(5,703		)		—
Total	$	(1,909,482	)		$	294,646			$	(2,921,408	)		$	1,139,335
(1)     Includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps, realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps and unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps.

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was ($1.4) billion compared to $375.0 million for the same period in 2018, primarily attributable to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($1.3) billion for the three months ended June 30, 2019, reflecting a decline in forward interest rates, compared to $343.5 million for the same period in 2018, reflecting a rise in forward interest rates.

Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments was ($38.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($66.1) million for the same period in 2018. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $9.1 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($34.3) million. For the same period in 2018, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $2.9 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($63.1) million.

Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($506.4) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $34.2 million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on futures contracts was ($597.2) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $78.3 million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on TBA derivatives was $105.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($19.1) million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaptions was ($18.5) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($31.7) million for the same period in 2018.

Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was ($4.9) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($48.4) million for the same period in 2018, primarily due to favorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Agency interest-only investments, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and credit risk transfer securities, partially offset by unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaps for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was ($2.2) billion compared to $1.3 billion for the same period in 2018, primarily attributable to unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps and realized gains (losses) on termination of interest rate swaps. Net unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps was ($1.7) billion for the six months ended June 30, 2019, reflecting a decline in forward interest rates, compared to $1.3 billion for the same period in 2018, reflecting a rise in forward interest rates. Realized gains (losses) on termination or maturity of interest rate swaps was ($755.7) million resulting from interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $56.7 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $0.8 million resulting from the termination or maturity of interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $250.0 million for the same period in 2018.

Net gains (losses) on disposal of investments was ($132.2) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($52.6) million for the same period in 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $19.5 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($126.8) million. For the same period in 2018, we disposed of Residential Securities with a carrying value of $3.4 billion for an aggregate net loss of ($50.0) million.

Net gains (losses) on other derivatives was ($621.6) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($13.0) million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on futures contracts was ($886.6) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $244.8 million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on TBA derivatives was $279.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($279.1) million for the same period in 2018. Net gains (losses) on interest rate swaptions was ($28.8) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $14.1 million for the same period in 2018.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net unrealized gains (losses) on instruments measured at fair value through earnings was $42.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to ($100.0) million for the same period in 2018, primarily due to favorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Agency interest-only investments, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, credit risk transfer securities and residential loans, partially offset by unfavorable changes in unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, a loan loss provision of ($5.7) million was recorded on a commercial mortgage loan. Refer to the “Loans” Note located within Item 1 for additional information related to this loan loss provision. No provision for loan loss was recorded for the same period in 2018.

Other Income (Loss)

Other income (loss) includes certain revenues and costs associated with our investments in commercial real estate, including rental income and recoveries, net servicing income on MSRs, operating costs as well as depreciation and amortization expense. We report in Other income (loss) items whose amounts, either individually or in the aggregate, would not, in the opinion of management, be meaningful to readers of the financial statements. Given the nature of certain components of this line item, balances may fluctuate from period to period.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses consist of compensation and management fee and other expenses. The following table shows our total G&A expenses as compared to average total assets and average equity for the periods presented.

G&A Expenses and Operating Expense Ratios

	Total G&A Expenses (1)				Total G&A Expenses/Average Assets (1)			Total G&A Expenses/Average Equity (1)
For the three months ended	(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	78,408			0.25	%		1.99	%
June 30, 2018	$	63,781			0.26	%		1.84	%
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	$	162,145			0.27	%		2.13	%
June 30, 2018	$	126,291			0.25	%		1.78	%

(1)

Includes $3.0 million and $13.0 million of transaction costs incurred in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans and commercial loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Excluding these transaction costs, G&A expenses as a percentage of average total assets were 0.24% and as a percentage of average equity were 1.91% for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Excluding these transaction costs, G&A expenses as a percentage of average total assets were 0.25% and as a percentage of average equity were 1.96% for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

G&A expenses were $78.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $14.6 million compared to the same period in 2018. G&A expenses were $162.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $35.9 million compared to the same period in 2018. The change in each period was largely attributable to transaction costs in connection with securitizations of residential whole loans and reimbursement payments made to the Manager for certain services in connection with the management and operations of Annaly which commenced during the third quarter of 2018. The change in the six month period was also attributable to transaction costs in connection with a securitization of commercial loans during the first quarter of 2019 and higher professional fees during the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

Return on Average Equity

The following table shows the components of our annualized return on average equity for the periods presented.

Components of Annualized Return on Average Equity

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Economic Net Interest Income/ Average Equity (1)			Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses/Average Equity (2)			Other Income (Loss)/Average Equity			G&A Expenses/ Average Equity			Income Taxes/ Average Equity			Return on Average Equity
For the three months ended
June 30, 2019	6.63	%		(50.64	%)		0.72	%		(1.99	%)		0.15	%		(45.13	%)
June 30, 2018	10.55	%		7.59	%		0.99	%		(1.84	%)		(0.09	%)		17.20	%
For the six months ended
June 30, 2019	8.07	%		(41.25	%)		0.73	%		(2.13	%)		0.04	%		(34.54	%)
June 30, 2018	11.69	%		16.28	%		0.96	%		(1.78	%)		(0.05	%)		27.10	%
(1)     Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (2)     Realized and unrealized gains and losses excludes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Unrealized Gains and Losses - Available-for-Sale Investments

With our available-for-sale accounting treatment on our Agency mortgage-backed securities, which represent the largest portion of assets on balance sheet, as well as certain commercial mortgage-backed securities, unrealized fluctuations in market values of assets do not impact our GAAP net income (loss) but rather are reflected on our balance sheet by changing the carrying value of the asset and stockholders’ equity under accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As a result of this fair value accounting treatment, our book value and book value per share are likely to fluctuate far more than if we used amortized cost accounting. As a result, comparisons with companies that use amortized cost accounting for some or all of their balance sheet may not be meaningful.

The table below shows cumulative unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale investments reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	(dollars in thousands)
Unrealized gain	$	1,778,707			$	306,037
Unrealized loss	(413,704		)		(2,285,902		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	1,365,003			$	(1,979,865	)

Unrealized changes in the estimated fair value of available-for-sale investments may have a direct effect on our potential earnings and dividends: positive changes will increase our equity base and allow us to increase our borrowing capacity while negative changes tend to reduce borrowing capacity. A very large negative change in the net fair value of our available-for-sale Residential Securities might impair our liquidity position, requiring us to sell assets with the potential result of realized losses upon sale.

The fair value of these securities being less than amortized cost at June 30, 2019 is solely due to market conditions and not the quality of the assets. Substantially all of the Agency mortgage-backed securities are “AAA” rated or carry an implied “AAA” rating. The investments are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired because we currently have the ability and intent to hold the investments to maturity or for a period of time sufficient for a forecasted market price recovery up to or beyond the cost of the investments, and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. Also, we are guaranteed payment of the principal and interest amounts of the securities by the respective issuing Agency.

Financial Condition

Total assets were $131.8 billion and $105.8 billion at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The change was primarily due to increases in Agency mortgage-backed securities of $27.4 billion and assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles of $0.4 billion, partially offset by decreases in CRE Debt and Preferred Equity Investments of $0.7 billion and reverse repurchase agreements of $0.7 billion. Our portfolio composition, net equity allocation and debt-to-net equity ratio by asset class were as follows at June 30, 2019:

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Residential															Commercial
	Agency MBS and MSRs				TBAs (1)				CRTs				Non-Agency MBS and Residential Mortgage Loans (2)				CRE Debt & Preferred Equity Investments (2)				Investments in CRE				Corporate Debt (2)				Total (3)
Assets	(dollars in thousands)
Fair value/carrying value	$	118,627,368			$	9,663,370			$	491,969			$	4,265,857			$	2,905,310			$	733,196			$	1,819,743			$	128,843,443
Debt
Repurchase agreements	103,732,898				9,469,000				207,002				826,786				414,555				—				—				105,181,241
Other secured financing	2,714,958				—				—				852,106				91,132				—				469,793				4,127,989
Debt issued by securitization vehicles	—				—				—				1,643,432				1,826,736				—				—				3,470,168
Net forward purchases	582,132				—				8,000				25,330				—				—				—				615,462
Mortgages payable	—				—				—				—				—				498,772				—				498,772
Net equity allocated	$	11,597,380			$	194,370			$	276,967			$	918,203			$	572,887			$	234,424			$	1,349,950			$	14,949,811		(4)
Net equity allocated (%)	78		%		1		%		2		%		6		%		4		%		1		%		9		%		100		%
Debt/net equity ratio	9.2:1				NM				0.8:1				3.6:1				4.1:1				2.1:1				0.3:1				7.2:1			(5)
(1)     Fair value/carrying value represents implied market value and repurchase agreements represent the notional value. (2)     Includes loans held for sale, net. (3)     Excludes the TBA asset, debt and equity balances. (4)     Net Equity Allocated, as disclosed in the above table, excludes non-portfolio related activity and may differ from stockholders’ equity per the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. (5)     Represents the debt/net equity ratio as determined using amounts on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. NM    Not meaningful.

Residential Securities

Substantially all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were backed by single-family residential mortgage loans and were secured with a first lien position on the underlying single-family properties. Our mortgage-backed securities were largely Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae pass through certificates or CMOs, which carry an actual or implied “AAA” rating. We carry all of our Agency mortgage-backed securities at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

We accrete discount balances as an increase to interest income over the expected life of the related Interest Earning Assets and we amortize premium balances as a decrease to interest income over the expected life of the related Interest Earning Assets. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 we had on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition a total of $159.0 million and $183.2 million, respectively, of unamortized discount (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and current amortized cost of our Residential Securities acquired at a price below principal value) and a total of $5.8 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, of unamortized premium (which is the difference between the remaining principal value and the current amortized cost of our Residential Securities acquired at a price above principal value).

The weighted average experienced prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was 11.2% and 10.1%, respectively. The weighted average projected long-term prepayment speed on our Agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 was 14.5% and 9.1%, respectively.

Given our current portfolio composition, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to increase over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would decrease during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would be required to amortize our net premium balance into income over a shorter time period. Similarly, if mortgage principal prepayment rates were to decrease over the life of our mortgage-backed securities, all other factors being equal, our net interest income would increase during the life of these mortgage-backed securities as we would amortize our net premium balance over a longer time period.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following tables present our Residential Securities that were carried at fair value at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Estimated Fair Value
Agency	(dollars in thousands)
Fixed-rate pass-through	$	111,522,508			$	83,052,552
Adjustable-rate pass-through	3,366,296				4,937,984
CMO	10,484				11,221
Interest-only	827,749				873,889
Multifamily	2,437,231				1,838,565
Reverse mortgages	37,772				38,784
Total agency securities	$	118,202,040			$	90,752,995
Residential credit
CRT	$	491,969			$	552,097
Alt-A	191,488				182,361
Prime	256,480				343,986
Subprime	424,470				394,621
NPL/RPL	8,436				3,438
Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage)	205,774				220,658
Prime jumbo (>= 2010 vintage) interest-only	8,859				16,874
Total residential credit securities	$	1,589,721			$	1,714,035
Total Residential Securities	$	119,791,761			$	92,467,030

The following table summarizes certain characteristics of our Residential Securities (excluding interest-only mortgage-backed securities) and interest-only mortgage-backed securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Residential Securities (1)	(dollars in thousands)
Principal amount	$	112,922,859			$	89,579,223
Net premium	4,596,795				3,925,803
Amortized cost	117,504,729				93,505,026
Amortized cost / principal amount	104.06		%		104.38		%
Carrying value	118,952,908				91,575,882
Carrying value / principal amount	105.34		%		102.23		%
Weighted average coupon rate	3.99		%		3.90		%
Weighted average yield	3.12		%		3.17		%
Adjustable-rate Residential Securities (1)
Principal amount	$	4,300,072			$	6,020,096
Weighted average coupon rate	3.95		%		3.47		%
Weighted average yield	2.91		%		2.87		%
Weighted average term to next adjustment	10 Months				19 Months
Weighted average lifetime cap (2)	8.08		%		8.04		%
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities	3.81		%		6.72		%
Fixed-rate Residential Securities (1)
Principal amount	$	108,622,787			$	83,559,127
Weighted average coupon rate	3.99		%		3.93		%
Weighted average yield	3.13		%		3.19		%
Principal amount at period end as % of total residential securities	96.19		%		93.28		%
Interest-only Residential Securities
Notional amount	$	5,975,641			$	6,867,093
Net premium	1,028,993				1,192,675
Amortized cost	1,028,993				1,192,675
Amortized cost / notional amount	17.22		%		17.37		%
Carrying value	838,853				891,148
Carrying value / notional amount	14.04		%		12.98		%
Weighted average coupon rate	3.11		%		3.10		%
Weighted average yield	(0.49		%)		1.73		%
(1)     Excludes interest-only mortgage-backed securities. (2)     Excludes non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities as this attribute is not applicable to these asset classes.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our Residential Credit portfolio at June 30, 2019.

 

					Payment Structure								Investment Characteristics
Product	Total				Senior				Subordinate				Coupon			Credit Enhancement			60+ Delinquencies			3M VPR (1)
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer	$	464,846			$	—			$	464,846			5.91	%		1.12	%		0.35	%		9.75	%
Private label credit risk transfer	27,123				—				27,123				7.60	%		0.29	%		0.24	%		8.91	%
Alt-A	191,488				104,950				86,538				4.85	%		10.88	%		7.46	%		12.65	%
Prime	256,480				81,040				175,440				4.76	%		6.93	%		4.62	%		15.96	%
Prime interest-only	2,245				2,245				—				0.59	%		—			0.25	%		22.49	%
Subprime	424,470				182,628				241,842				3.46	%		13.67	%		17.38	%		6.07	%
Re-performing loan securitizations	5,000				5,000				—				3.97	%		38.54	%		—	%		—	%
Non-performing loan securitizations	3,436				—				3,436				5.00	%		65.01	%		41.79	%		2.27	%
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)	205,774				170,174				35,600				3.97	%		15.18	%		0.15	%		17.71	%
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only	8,859				8,859				—				0.38	%		—			0.26	%		7.22	%
Total/weighted average	$	1,589,721			$	554,896			$	1,034,825			4.94	%		8.89	%		6.89	%		16.37	%
(1)    Represents the 3 month voluntary prepayment rate (“VPR”).

	Bond Coupon
Product	ARM				Fixed				Floater				Interest-Only				Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Agency credit risk transfer	$	—			$	—			$	464,846			$	—			$	464,846
Private label credit risk transfer	—				—				27,123				—				27,123
Alt-A	54,923				113,244				23,321				—				191,488
Prime	105,020				151,460				—				—				256,480
Prime interest-only	—				—				—				2,245				2,245
Subprime	32,459				66,589				325,422				—				424,470
Re-performing loan securitizations	—				5,000				—				—				5,000
Non-performing loan securitizations	—				3,436				—				—				3,436
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage)	—				205,774				—				—				205,774
Prime jumbo (>=2010 vintage) interest-only	—				—				—				8,859				8,859
Total	$	192,402			$	545,503			$	840,712			$	11,104			$	1,589,721

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes the effect on our liquidity and cash flows from contractual obligations at June 30, 2019.  The table does not include the effect of net interest rate payments on our interest rate swap agreements. The net swap payments will fluctuate based on monthly changes in the receive rate. At June 30, 2019, the interest rate swaps had a net fair value of ($671.9) million.

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Within One Year				One to Three Years				Three to Five Years				More than Five Years				Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements	$	105,093,529			$	87,712			$	—			$	—			$	105,181,241
Interest expense on repurchase agreements (1)	539,773				1,763				—				—				541,536
Other secured financing	157,485				3,500,711				469,793				—				4,127,989
Interest expense on other secured financing (1)	125,174				96,208				11,250				—				232,632
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal)	883,500				—				—				2,631,072				3,514,572
Interest expense on debt issued by securitization vehicles	136,820				190,476				174,278				2,052,088				2,553,662
Mortgages payable (principal)	51,004				23,005				7,615				422,737				504,361
Interest expense on mortgages payable	19,930				37,790				37,790				150,304				245,814
Long-term operating lease obligations	3,712				7,792				7,723				4,827				24,054
Total	$	107,010,927			$	3,945,457			$	708,449			$	5,261,028			$	116,925,861

(1)	Interest expense on repurchase agreements and other secured financing calculated based on rates at June 30, 2019.

In the coming periods, we expect to continue to finance our Residential Securities in a manner that is largely consistent with our current operations via repurchase agreements. We may use FHLB Des Moines advances, securitization structures, credit facilities, mortgages payable or other term financing structures to finance certain of our assets. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we received $6.1 billion from principal repayments and $13.1 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we received $5.7 billion from principal repayments and $3.4 billion in cash from disposal of Residential Securities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships which would have been established for the sole purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

We have limited future funding commitments related to certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. In addition, the Company has provided customary non-recourse carve-out and environmental guarantees (or underlying indemnities with respect thereto) with respect to mortgage loans held by subsidiaries of these unconsolidated joint ventures. We believe that the likelihood of making any payments under these guarantees is remote, and have not accrued a related liability at June 30, 2019.

Capital Management

 

Maintaining a strong balance sheet that can support the business even in times of economic stress and market volatility is of critical importance to our business strategy. A strong and robust capital position is essential to executing our investment strategy. Our capital strategy is predicated on a strong capital position, which enables us to execute our investment strategy regardless of the market environment.

Our Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Program (“ICAAP”) framework supports capital measurement, and is integrated within the overall risk governance framework.  The ICAAP framework is designed to align capital measurement with our risk appetite.

Our capital policy defines the parameters and principles supporting a comprehensive capital management practice, including processes that effectively identify, measure and monitor risks impacting capital adequacy. Our capital assessment process considers the precision in risk measures as well as the volatility of exposures and the relative activities producing risk. Parameters used in modeling economic capital must align with our risk appetite.

The major risks impacting capital are capital, liquidity and funding risk, investment/market risk, credit risk, counterparty risk, operational risk and compliance, regulatory and legal risk. For further discussion of the risks we are subject to, please see Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Capital requirements are based on maintaining levels above approved limits, ensuring the quality of our capital appropriately reflects our asset mix, market and funding structure. As such we use a complement of capital metrics and related threshold levels to measure and analyze our capital from a magnitude and composition perspective. Our policy is to maintain an appropriate amount of available financial resources over the aggregate economic capital requirements.

Available Financial Resources is the actual capital held to protect against the unexpected losses measured in our capital management process and may include:

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

•	Common and preferred equity

•	Other forms of equity-like capital

 

•	Surplus credit reserves over expected losses

•	Other loss absorption instruments

In the event we fall short of our internal limits, we will consider appropriate actions which may include asset sales, changes in asset mix, reductions in asset purchases or originations, issuance of capital or other capital enhancing or risk reduction strategies.

  

Stockholders’ Equity

The following table provides a summary of total stockholders’ equity at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Stockholders’ equity	(dollars in thousands)
7.625% Series C cumulative redeemable preferred stock	$	169,466			$	169,466
7.50% Series D cumulative redeemable preferred stock	445,457				445,457
6.95% Series F fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock	696,910				696,910
6.50% Series G fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock	411,335				411,335
8.125% Series H cumulative redeemable preferred stock	—				55,000
6.75% Series I fixed-to-floating rate cumulative redeemable preferred stock	387,178				—
Common stock	14,562				13,138
Additional paid-in capital	20,195,419				18,794,331
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	1,365,003				(1,979,865		)
Accumulated deficit	(7,982,649		)		(4,493,660		)
Total stockholders’ equity	$	15,702,681			$	14,112,112

Capital Stock

 The following table provides activity related to our Direct Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Program for the periods presented:

		For the Six Months Ended
		June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
		(dollars in thousands)
Shares issued through direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program		180,000				147,000
Amount raised from direct purchase and dividend reinvestment program		$	1,795			$	1,546

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we closed the public offering of an original issuance of 75.0 million shares of common stock for proceeds of $730.5 million before deducting offering expenses. In connection with the offering, we granted the underwriters a thirty-day option to purchase up to an additional 11.3 million shares of common stock, which the underwriters exercised in full resulting in an additional $109.6 million in proceeds before deducting offering expenses.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we issued 8.0 million and 56.0 million shares, respectively, for proceeds of $80.1 million and $569.1 million, respectively, net of commissions and fees, under the at-the-market sales program.

In June 2019, we announced that our Board had authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2020. No shares were purchased pursuant to this authorization during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we redeemed all 2.2 million of our issued and outstanding shares of 8.125% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series H Preferred Stock”) for $55.0 million. The cash redemption amount for each share of Series H Preferred Stock was $25.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends to, but not including, the redemption date of May 31, 2019.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we issued 16.0 million shares of our 6.750% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $400.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering costs.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we issued 17.0 million shares of our 6.50% Series G Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $425.0 million before deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses and redeemed 5.0 million shares of our 7.625% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for $125.0

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ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

million and all 11.5 million of our issued and outstanding shares of 7.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock for $287.5 million.

Leverage and Capital

We believe that it is prudent to maintain conservative debt-to-equity and economic leverage ratios as there may be volatility in the mortgage and credit markets. Our capital policy governs our capital and leverage position including setting limits. Based on the guidelines, we generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio of less than 10:1. Our actual economic leverage ratio varies from time to time based upon various factors, including our Manager’s opinion of the level of risk of our assets and liabilities, our liquidity position, our level of unused borrowing capacity, the availability of credit, over-collateralization levels required by lenders when we pledge assets to secure borrowings and our assessment of domestic and international market conditions.

Our debt-to-equity ratio at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was 7.2.1 and 6.3:1, respectively.  Our economic leverage ratio, which is computed as the sum of Recourse Debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases of investments divided by total equity was 7.6:1 and 7.0:1 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Our capital ratio, which represents our ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets (inclusive of total market value of TBA derivatives and exclusive of debt issued by securitization vehicles), was 11.4% and 12.1% at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

 

Risk Management

We are subject to a variety of risks in the ordinary conduct of our business. The effective management of these risks is of critical importance to the overall success of Annaly. The objective of our risk management framework is to identify, measure and monitor these risks.

Our risk management framework is intended to facilitate a holistic, enterprise wide view of risk. We have built a strong and collaborative risk management culture throughout Annaly focused on awareness which supports appropriate understanding and management of our key risks. Each employee of our Manager is accountable for identifying, monitoring and managing risk within their area of responsibility.

Risk Appetite

We maintain a firm-wide risk appetite statement which defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy. We engage in risk activities based on our core expertise that aim to enhance value for our stockholders. Our activities focus on income generation and capital preservation through proactive portfolio management, supported by a conservative liquidity and leverage posture.

The risk appetite statement asserts the following key risk parameters to guide our investment management activities:

Risk Parameter		Description
Portfolio Composition		We will maintain a portfolio comprised of target assets approved by our Board and in accordance with our capital allocation policy.
Leverage		We generally expect to maintain an economic leverage ratio no greater than 10:1.
Liquidity Risk		We will seek to maintain an unencumbered asset portfolio sufficient to meet our liquidity needs under adverse market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk		We will seek to manage interest rate risk to protect the portfolio from adverse rate movements utilizing derivative instruments targeting both income and capital preservation.
Credit Risk		We will seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within our specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-adjusted returns.
Capital Preservation		We will seek to protect our capital base through disciplined risk management practices.
Compliance		We will seek to comply with regulatory requirements needed to maintain our REIT status and our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act.

Governance

Risk management begins with our Board, through the review and oversight of the risk management framework, and executive management, through the ongoing formulation of risk management practices and related execution in managing risk. The Board exercises its oversight of risk management primarily through the Board Risk Committee (“BRC”) and Board Audit Committee (“BAC”). The BRC is responsible for oversight of our risk governance structure, risk management and risk assessment guidelines and policies and our risk appetite. The BAC is responsible for oversight of the quality and integrity of our accounting, internal

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

controls and financial reporting practices, including independent auditor selection, evaluation and review, and oversight of the internal audit function.

Risk assessment and risk management are the responsibility of our management. A series of management committees has oversight or decision-making responsibilities for risk management activities. Membership of these committees is reviewed regularly to ensure the appropriate personnel are engaged in the risk management process. Four primary management committees have been established to provide a comprehensive framework for risk management. The management committees responsible for our risk management include the Enterprise Risk Committee (“ERC”), Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”), Investment Committee and the Financial Reporting and Disclosure Committee (“FRDC”). Each of these committees reports to our management Operating Committee which is responsible for oversight and management of our operations, including oversight and approval authority over all aspects of our enterprise risk management. 

Audit Services is an independent function with reporting lines to the BAC. Audit Services is responsible for performing our internal audit activities, which includes independently assessing and validating key controls within the risk management framework.

In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company implemented an enhanced corporate compliance function, headed by a newly appointed Chief Compliance Officer, who has reporting lines to the BAC. The corporate compliance group is responsible for the oversight of the Company’s regulatory compliance.

Description of Risks

We are subject to a variety of risks due to the business we operate. Risk categories are an important component of a robust enterprise wide risk management framework.

We have identified the following primary categories that we utilize to identify, assess, measure and monitor risk.

Risk		Description
Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk		Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.
Investment/Market Risk		Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets or an increase in the costs of financing caused by changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of investment securities and other investment instruments.
Credit Risk		Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from an obligor’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in lending and investing activities.
Counterparty Risk		Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting from a counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. This risk is present in funding, hedging and investing activities.
Operational Risk		Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems (including proprietary and third party models), human factors or external events.
Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk		Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or conduct of business arising from violations of, or nonconformance with internal and external applicable rules and regulations, losses resulting from lawsuits or adverse judgments, or from changes in the regulatory environment that may impact our business model.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Capital, Liquidity and Funding Risk Management

Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management strategy is designed to ensure the availability of sufficient resources to support our business and meet our financial obligations under both normal and adverse market and business environments. Our capital, liquidity and funding risk management practices consist of the following primary elements:

Element		Description
Funding		Availability of diverse and stable sources of funds.
Excess Liquidity		Excess liquidity primarily in the form of unencumbered assets and cash.
Maturity Profile		Diversity and tenor of liabilities and modest use of leverage.
Stress Testing		Scenario modeling to measure the resiliency of our liquidity position.
Liquidity Management Policies		Comprehensive policies including monitoring, risk limits and an escalation protocol.

Funding

Our primary financing sources are repurchase agreements provided through counterparty arrangements and through Arcola, other secured financing including funding from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), debt issued by securitization vehicles, mortgages, credit facilities, note sales and various forms of equity. We maintain excess liquidity by holding unencumbered liquid assets that could be either used to collateralize additional borrowings or sold.

We seek to conservatively manage our repurchase agreement funding position through a variety of methods including diversity, breadth and depth of counterparties and maintaining a staggered maturity profile.

Additionally, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Arcola, provides direct access to third party funding as a FINRA member broker-dealer. Arcola borrows funds through the General Collateral Finance Repo service offered by the FICC, with FICC acting as the central counterparty. Arcola also borrows funds through direct repurchase agreements.

To reduce our liquidity risk we maintain a laddered approach to our repurchase agreements. At June 30, 2019, the weighted average days to maturity was 70 days.

Our repurchase agreements generally provide that in the event of a margin call we must provide additional securities or cash on the same business day that a margin call is made. Should prepayment speeds on the mortgages underlying our Agency and Residential mortgage-backed securities and/or market interest rates or other factors move suddenly and cause declines in the market value of assets posted as collateral, resulting margin calls may cause an adverse change in our liquidity position.

We maintain access to FHLB funding through our captive insurance subsidiary Truman Insurance Company LLC (“Truman”). We finance eligible Agency, residential credit and commercial investments through the FHLB. A 2016 rule from the FHFA requires captive insurance companies to terminate their FHLB membership, however, given the length of its membership at the time the rule was enacted, Truman was granted a five year sunset provision whereby its membership will expire in February 2021. We believe our business objectives align well with the mission of the FHLB System. While there can be no assurances that such steps will be taken, we believe it would be appropriate for there to be legislative or other action to permit Truman and similar captive insurance subsidiaries to retain their membership status beyond the current sunset period.

We utilize diverse funding sources to finance our commercial investments. Aside from FHLB funding, we may utilize credit facilities, securitization funding and, in the case of investments in commercial real estate, CLO securitization funding, mortgage financing and note sales.

At June 30, 2019, we had total financial assets and cash pledged against existing liabilities of $117.8 billion. The weighted average haircut was approximately 4% on repurchase agreements. The quality and character of the Residential Securities and commercial real estate investments that we pledge as collateral under the repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps did not materially change at June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, and our counterparties did not materially alter any requirements, including required haircuts, related to the collateral we pledge under repurchase agreements and interest rate swaps during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

The following table presents our quarterly average and quarter-end repurchase agreement and reverse repurchase agreement balances outstanding for the periods presented:

	Repurchase Agreements								Reverse Repurchase Agreements
	Average Daily Amount Outstanding				Ending Amount Outstanding				Average Daily Amount Outstanding				Ending Amount Outstanding
For the three months ended	(dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2019	$	101,983,828			$	105,181,241			$	3,478,510			$	—
March 31, 2019	87,781,404				88,554,170				3,937,769				523,449
December 31, 2018	83,984,254				81,115,874				2,741,022				650,040
September 30, 2018	79,214,382				79,073,026				2,330,519				1,234,704
June 30, 2018	80,582,681				75,760,655				2,929,470				259,762
March 31, 2018	80,770,663				78,015,431				2,064,862				200,459
December 31, 2017	78,755,896				77,696,343				1,295,652				—
September 30, 2017	69,314,576				69,430,268				994,565				—
June 30, 2017	63,191,827				62,497,400				474,176				—

The following table provides information on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing by maturity date at June 30, 2019. The weighted average remaining maturity on our repurchase agreements and other secured financing was 91 days at June 30, 2019:

 

	June 30, 2019
	Principal Balance				Weighted Average Rate			% of Total
	(dollars in thousands)
1 day	$	23,192,254			2.84	%		21.2	%
2 to 29 days	11,919,883				2.70	%		10.9	%
30 to 59 days	6,778,783				2.62	%		6.2	%
60 to 89 days	26,845,611				2.63	%		24.6	%
90 to 119 days	13,002,459				2.64	%		11.9	%
Over 120 days (1)	27,570,240				2.69	%		25.2	%
Total	$	109,309,230			2.70	%		100.0	%

(1)	Approximately 4% of the total repurchase agreements and other secured financing had a remaining maturity over 1 year.

The table below presents our outstanding debt balances and associated weighted average rates and days to maturity at June 30, 2019:

 

					Weighted Average Rate
	Principal Balance				As of Period End			For the Quarter			Weighted Average Days to Maturity (1)
	(dollars in thousands)
Repurchase agreements	$	105,181,241			2.69	%		2.65	%		70
Other secured financing (2)	4,127,989				3.03	%		3.10	%		628
Securitized debt of consolidated VIEs (3)	3,514,572				3.89	%		3.85	%		6,998
Mortgages payable (3)	504,361				4.12	%		4.19	%		4,649
Total indebtedness	$	113,328,163
(1)    Determined based on estimated weighted-average lives of the underlying debt instruments. (2)    Includes advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines of $3.6 billion and financing under credit facilities. (3)    Non-recourse to Annaly.

 

Excess Liquidity

Our primary source of liquidity is the availability of unencumbered assets which may be provided as collateral to support additional funding needs. We target minimum thresholds of available, unencumbered assets to maintain excess liquidity. The following table illustrates our asset portfolio available to support potential collateral obligations and funding needs.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Assets are considered encumbered if pledged as collateral against an existing liability, and therefore are no longer available to support additional funding. An asset is considered unencumbered if it has not been pledged or securitized. The following table also provides the carrying amount of our encumbered and unencumbered financial assets at June 30, 2019:

	Encumbered Assets				Unencumbered Assets				Total
Financial assets	(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,764,012			$	218,299			$	1,982,311
Investments, at carrying value (1)
Agency mortgage-backed securities	112,324,522				5,308,634				117,633,156
Credit risk transfer securities	263,470				220,344				483,814
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities	910,558				182,194				1,092,752
Residential mortgage loans (2)	2,877,648				290,457				3,168,105
MSRs	2,982				422,346				425,328
Commercial real estate debt investments (2)	2,230,625				9,084				2,239,709
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment	207,018				416,687				623,705
Corporate debt, held for investment	1,270,071				522,766				1,792,837
Loans held for sale, net	41,896				26,906				68,802
Other assets (3)	—				229,882				229,882
Total financial assets	$	121,892,802			$	7,847,599			$	129,740,401

(1)	The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(2)	Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles.

(3)	Includes interests in certain joint ventures and equity instruments.

We maintain liquid assets in order to satisfy our current and future obligations in normal and stressed operating environments. These are held as the primary means of liquidity risk mitigation. The composition of our liquid assets is also considered and is subject to certain parameters. The composition is monitored for concentration risk and asset type. We believe the assets we consider liquid can be readily converted into cash, through liquidation or by being used as collateral in financing arrangements (including as additional collateral to support existing financial arrangements). Our balance sheet also generates liquidity on an on-going basis through mortgage principal and interest repayments and net earnings held prior to payment of dividends. The following table presents our liquid assets as a percentage of total assets at June 30, 2019:

	Carrying Value (1)
Liquid assets	(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,982,311
Residential Securities (2)	119,209,381
Residential mortgage loans (3)	1,061,124
Commercial real estate debt investments (4)	135,108
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity, held for investment	420,966
Corporate debt, held for investment	1,403,958
Loans held for sale, net	68,802
Total liquid assets	$	124,281,650
Percentage of liquid assets to carrying amount of encumbered and unencumbered financial assets (3)(4)	99.01		%

(1)	Carrying value approximates the market value of assets. The assets listed in this table include $117.8 billion of assets that have been pledged as collateral against existing liabilities at June 30, 2019. Please refer to the Encumbered and Unencumbered Assets table for related information.

(2)	The amounts reflected in the table above are on a settlement date basis and may differ from the total positions reported on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(3)	Excludes securitized residential mortgage loans transferred or pledged to consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $2.1 billion.

(4)	Excludes senior securitized commercial mortgage loans of consolidated VIEs carried at fair value of $2.1 billion.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Maturity Profile

We consider the profile of our assets, liabilities and derivatives when managing both liquidity risk as well as investment/market risk employing a measurement of both the maturity gap and interest rate sensitivity gap. We determine the amount of liquid assets that are required to be held by monitoring several liquidity metrics. We utilize several modeling techniques to analyze our current and potential obligations including the expected cash flows from our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The following table illustrates the expected final maturities and cash flows of our assets, liabilities and derivatives. The table is based on a static portfolio and assumes no reinvestment of asset cash flows and no future liabilities are entered into. In assessing the maturity of our assets, liabilities and off balance sheet obligations, we use the stated maturities, or our prepayment expectations for assets and liabilities that exhibit prepayment characteristics. Cash and cash equivalents are included in the ‘Less than 3 Months’ maturity bucket, as they are typically held for a short period of time.

With respect to each maturity bucket, our maturity gap is considered negative when the amount of maturing liabilities exceeds the amount of maturing assets. A negative gap increases our liquidity risk as we must enter into future liabilities.

Our interest rate sensitivity gap is the difference between Interest Earning Assets and Interest Bearing Liabilities maturing or re-pricing within a given time period. Unlike the calculation of maturity gap, interest rate sensitivity gap includes the effect of our interest rate swaps. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest-rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-rate sensitive liabilities exceeds interest-rate sensitive assets. During a period of rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income. During a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income, while a positive gap would tend to affect net interest income adversely. Because different types of assets and liabilities with the same or similar maturities may react differently to changes in overall market rates or conditions, changes in interest rates may affect net interest income positively or negatively even if assets and liabilities were perfectly matched in each maturity category. The amount of assets and liabilities utilized to compute our interest rate sensitivity gap was determined in accordance with the contractual terms of the assets and liabilities, except that adjustable-rate loans and securities are included in the period in which their interest rates are first scheduled to adjust and not in the period in which they mature. The effects of interest rate swaps, whereby we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate and effectively lock in our financing costs for a longer term, are also reflected in our interest rate sensitivity gap. The interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities in the following table at June 30, 2019 could vary substantially based on actual prepayment experience.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Less than 3 Months				3-12 Months				More than 1 Year to 3 Years				3 Years and Over				Total
Financial assets	(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,982,311			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	1,982,311
Agency mortgage-backed securities (principal)	—				—				4,470,193				106,857,358				111,327,551
Credit risk transfer securities (principal)	8,000				—				13,250				445,583				466,833
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (principal)	—				10,980				101,089				1,001,481				1,113,550
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (principal)	—				—				—				136,666				136,666
Total securities	8,000				10,980				4,584,532				108,441,088				113,044,600
Residential mortgage loans (principal)	—				—				—				1,032,059				1,032,059
Commercial real estate debt and preferred equity (principal)	14,121				217,743				191,203				211,795				634,862
Corporate debt (principal)	—				6,856				89,502				1,739,602				1,835,960
Total loans	14,121				224,599				280,705				2,983,456				3,502,881
Assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles (principal)	—				—				—				4,212,528				4,212,528
Total financial assets - maturity	2,004,432				235,579				4,865,237				115,637,072				122,742,320
Effect of utilizing reset dates (1)	6,212,676				2,266,675				(921,584		)		(7,557,767		)		—
Total financial assets - interest rate sensitive	$	8,217,108			$	2,502,254			$	3,943,653			$	108,079,305			$	122,742,320
Financial liabilities
Repurchase agreements	$	68,736,531			$	36,356,998			$	87,712			$	—			$	105,181,241
Other secured financing	—				157,485				3,500,711				469,793				4,127,989
Debt issued by securitization vehicles (principal)	883,500				—				—				2,631,072				3,514,572
Total financial liabilities - maturity	69,620,031				36,514,483				3,588,423				3,100,865				112,823,802
Effect of utilizing reset dates (1)(2)	(59,494,715		)		16,244,267				13,386,413				29,864,035
Total financial liabilities - interest rate sensitive	$	10,125,316			$	52,758,750			$	16,974,836			$	32,964,900			$	112,823,802
Maturity gap	$	(67,615,599	)		$	(36,278,904	)		$	1,276,814			$	112,536,207			$	9,918,518
Cumulative maturity gap	$	(67,615,599	)		$	(103,894,503	)		$	(102,617,689	)		$	9,918,518
Interest rate sensitivity gap	$	(1,908,208	)		$	(50,256,496	)		$	(13,031,183	)		$	75,114,405			$	9,918,518
Cumulative rate sensitivity gap	$	(1,908,208	)		$	(52,164,704	)		$	(65,195,887	)		$	9,918,518
(1)    Maturity gap utilizes stated maturities, or prepayment expectations for assets that exhibit prepayment characteristics, while interest rate sensitivity gap utilizes reset dates, if applicable. (2)    Includes effect of interest rate swaps.

The methodologies we employ for evaluating interest rate risk include an analysis of our interest rate “gap,” measurement of the duration and convexity of our portfolio and sensitivities to interest rates and spreads.

Stress Testing

We utilize liquidity stress testing to ensure we have sufficient liquidity under a variety of scenarios and stresses. These stress tests assist with the management of our pool of liquid assets and influence our current and future funding plans. Our stress tests are modeled over both short term and longer time horizons. The stresses applied include market-wide and firm-specific stresses.

Liquidity Management Policies

We utilize a comprehensive liquidity policy structure to inform our liquidity risk management practices including monitoring and measurement, along with well-defined key limits. Both quantitative and qualitative targets are utilized to measure the ongoing stability and condition of the liquidity position, and include the level and composition of unencumbered assets, as well as both short-term and long-term sustainability of the funding composition under stress conditions.

We also monitor early warning metrics designed to measure the quality and depth of liquidity sources based upon both company-specific and market conditions. The metrics assist in assessing our liquidity conditions and are integrated into our escalation protocol, with various liquidity ratings influencing management actions with respect to contingency planning and potential related actions.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Investment/Market Risk Management

One of the primary risks we are subject to is investment/market risk. Changes in the level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the income we earn on our Interest Earning Assets and the interest expense incurred from Interest Bearing Liabilities and derivatives. Changes in the level of interest rates and spreads can also affect the value of our securities and potential realization of gains or losses from the sale of these assets. We may utilize a variety of financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, swaptions, options, futures and other hedges, in order to limit the adverse effects of interest rates on our results. In the case of interest rate swaps, we may use MAC interest rate swaps in which we may receive or make a payment at the time of entering such interest rate swap to compensate for the off-market nature of such interest rate swap. MAC interest rate swaps offer price transparency, flexibility and more efficient portfolio administration through compression which is the process of reducing the number of unique interest rate swap contracts and replacing them with fewer contracts containing market defined terms. Our portfolio and the value of our portfolio, including derivatives, may be adversely affected as a result of changing interest rates and spreads.

We simulate a wide variety of interest rate scenarios in evaluating our risk. Scenarios are run to capture our sensitivity to changes in interest rates, spreads and the shape of the yield curve. We also consider the assumptions affecting our analysis such as those related to prepayments. In addition to predefined interest rate scenarios, we utilize Value-at-Risk measures to estimate potential losses in the portfolio over various time horizons utilizing various confidence levels. The following tables estimate the potential changes in economic net interest income over a twelve month period and the immediate effect on our portfolio market value (inclusive of derivative instruments), should interest rates instantaneously increase or decrease by 25, 50 or 75 basis points, and the effect of portfolio market value if mortgage option-adjusted spreads instantaneously increase or decrease by 5, 15 or 25 basis points (assuming shocks are parallel and instantaneous). All changes to income and portfolio market value are measured as percentage changes from the projected net interest income and portfolio value at the base interest rate scenario. The net interest income simulations incorporate the interest expense effect of rate resets on liabilities and derivatives as well as the amortization expense and reinvestment of principal based on the prepayments on our securities, which varies based on the level of rates. The results assume no management actions in response to the rate or spread changes. The following table presents estimates at June 30, 2019. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Change in Interest Rate (1)	Projected Percentage Change in Economic Net Interest Income (2)		Estimated Percentage Change in Portfolio Value (3)		Estimated Change as a % on NAV (3)(4)
-75 Basis points	(61.2%)		(0.2%)		(2.0%)
-50 Basis points	(39.1%)		(0.1%)		(0.9%)
-25 Basis points	(18.5%)		—%		(0.2%)
+25 Basis points	14.1%		(0.1%)		(0.6%)
+50 Basis points	24.2%		(0.3%)		(2.4%)
+75 Basis points	29.0%		(0.6%)		(5.3%)
MBS Spread Shock (1)	Estimated Change in Portfolio Market Value		Estimated Change as a % on NAV (3)(4)
-25 Basis points	1.2%		10.7%
-15 Basis points	0.7%		6.4%
-5 Basis points	0.2%		2.1%
+5 Basis points	(0.2%)		(2.1%)
+15 Basis points	(0.7%)		(6.3%)
+25 Basis points	(1.2%)		(10.4%)
(1)    Interest rate and MBS spread sensitivity are based on results from third party models in conjunction with inputs from our internal investment professionals. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. (2)    Scenarios include Residential Securities, commercial real estate investments, corporate debt, repurchase agreements, other secured financing and interest rate swaps. Economic net interest income includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps. (3)    Scenarios include Residential Securities, residential mortgage loans, MSRs and derivative instruments. (4)    NAV represents book value of equity.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Credit Risk Management

Key risk parameters have been established to specify our credit risk appetite. We will seek to manage credit risk by making investments which conform within the firm’s specific investment policy parameters and optimize risk-return attributes.

While we do not expect to encounter credit risk in our Agency mortgage-backed securities, we face credit risk on the non-Agency mortgage-backed securities and CRT securities in our portfolio. In addition, we are also exposed to credit risk on residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments and corporate debt. MSR values may also be impacted if overall costs to service the underlying mortgage loans increase due to borrower performance. We are subject to risk of loss if an issuer or borrower fails to perform its contractual obligations. We have established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk, including establishing and reviewing limits for credit exposure. We will originate or purchase commercial investments that meet our comprehensive underwriting process and credit standards and are approved by the appropriate committee. Once a commercial investment is made, our ongoing surveillance process includes regular reviews, analysis and oversight of investments by our investment personnel and appropriate committee. We review credit and other risks of loss associated with each investment. Our management monitors the overall portfolio risk and determines estimates of provision for loss. Our portfolio composition, based on balance sheet values, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Category
Agency mortgage-backed securities	91.7	%		88.8	%
Credit risk transfer securities	0.4	%		0.5	%
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities	0.9	%		1.1	%
Residential mortgage loans (1)	2.5	%		2.4	%
Mortgage servicing rights	0.3	%		0.5	%
Commercial real estate (1) (2)	2.8	%		4.9	%
Corporate debt	1.4	%		1.8	%
(1)        Includes assets transferred or pledged to securitization vehicles. (2)        Net of unamortized origination fees.

Counterparty Risk Management

Our use of repurchase and derivative agreements and trading activities create exposure to counterparty risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized if the counterparties to these agreements fail to perform their obligations under the contracts. In the event of default by a counterparty, we could have difficulty obtaining our assets pledged as collateral. A significant portion of our investments are financed with repurchase agreements by pledging our Residential Securities and certain commercial real estate investments as collateral to the lender. The collateral we pledge generally exceeds the amount of the borrowings under each agreement. If the counterparty to the repurchase agreement defaults on its obligations and we are not able to recover our pledged asset, we are at risk of losing the over-collateralization or haircut. The amount of this exposure is the difference between the amount loaned to us plus interest due to the counterparty and the fair value of the collateral pledged by us to the lender including accrued interest receivable on such collateral.

We also use interest rate swaps and other derivatives to manage interest rate risk. Under these agreements, we pledge securities and cash as collateral or settle variation margin payments as part of a margin arrangement.

If a counterparty were to default on its obligations, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that the amount of our securities or cash pledged exceeded the unrealized loss on the associated derivative and we were not able to recover the excess collateral. Additionally, we would be exposed to a loss to a derivative counterparty to the extent that our unrealized gains on derivative instruments exceeded the amount of the counterparty’s securities or cash pledged to us.

We monitor our exposure to counterparties across several dimensions including by type of arrangement, collateral type, counterparty type, ratings and geography.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The following table summarizes our exposure to counterparties by geography at June 30, 2019:

	Number of Counterparties			Repurchase Agreement Financing				Interest Rate Swaps at Fair Value				Exposure (1)
Country	(dollars in thousands)
North America	34			$	73,191,145			$	(240,782	)		$	2,763,461
Europe	13			25,471,296				(431,073		)		1,781,906
Asia (non-Japan)	1			638,195				—				37,693
Japan	4			5,880,605				—				336,006
Total	52			$	105,181,241			$	(671,855	)		$	4,919,066
(1)     Represents the amount of cash and/or securities pledged as collateral to each counterparty less the aggregate of repurchase agreement financing and unrealized loss on swaps for each counterparty.

 

Operational Risk Management

We are subject to operational risk in each of our business and support functions. Operational risk may arise from internal or external sources including human error, fraud, systems issues, process change, vendors, business interruptions and other external events. Model risk considers potential errors with a model’s results due to uncertainty in model parameters and inappropriate methodologies used. The result of these risks may include financial loss and reputational damage. We manage operational risk through a variety of tools including policies and procedures that cover topics such as business continuity, personal conduct, cybersecurity and vendor management. Other tools include testing, including disaster recovery testing; systems controls, including access controls; training, including cybersecurity awareness training; and monitoring, which includes the use of key risk indicators. Employee-level lines of defense against operational risk include proper segregation of incompatible duties, activity-level internal controls over financial reporting, the empowerment of business units to identify and mitigate operational risk sources, testing by our internal audit staff, and our overall governance framework.  

We have established a Cybersecurity Committee to help mitigate cybersecurity risks. The role of the committee is to oversee cyber risk assessments, monitor applicable key risk indicators, review cybersecurity training procedures, oversee the Company’s Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan and engage third parties to conduct periodic penetration testing. Our cybersecurity risk assessment includes an evaluation of cyber risk related to sensitive data held by third parties on their systems. The Cybersecurity Committee periodically reports to the ERC and the Board via the BRC and the BAC. There is no assurance that these efforts will effectively mitigate cybersecurity risk and mitigation efforts are not an assurance that no cybersecurity incidents will occur. We have purchased cybersecurity insurance, however, there is no assurance that the insurance policy will cover all cybersecurity breaches or that the policy will cover all losses.

Compliance, Regulatory and Legal Risk Management

Our business is organized as a REIT, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT. The determination that we are a REIT requires an analysis of various factual matters and circumstances.  Accordingly, we closely monitor our REIT status within our risk management program.

The financial services industry is highly regulated and receives significant attention from regulators, which may impact both our company as well as our business strategy. We proactively monitor the potential impact regulation may have both directly and indirectly on us. We maintain a process to actively monitor both actual and potential legal action that may affect us. Our risk management framework is designed to identify, measure and monitor these risks under the oversight of the ERC.

We currently rely on the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, and we seek to continue to meet the requirements for this exemption from registration. The determination that we qualify for this exemption from registration depends on various factual matters and circumstances. Accordingly, in conjunction with our legal department, we closely monitor our compliance with Section 3(c)(5)(C) within our risk management program. The monitoring of this risk is also under the oversight of the ERC.

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As a result of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) gained jurisdiction over the regulation of interest rate swaps.  The CFTC has asserted that this causes the operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts that use swaps as part of their business model to fall within the statutory definition of Commodity Pool Operator (“CPO”), and, absent relief from the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight or the CFTC, to register as CPOs. On December 7, 2012, as a result of numerous requests for no-action relief from the CPO registration requirement for operators of mortgage real estate investment trusts, the Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight of the CFTC issued no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” that permits a CPO to receive relief by filing a claim to perfect the use of the relief. A claim submitted by a CPO will be effective upon filing, so long as the claim is materially complete. The conditions that must be met relate to initial margin and premiums requirements, net income derived annually from commodity interest positions that are not qualifying hedging transactions, marketing of interests in the mortgage real estate investment trust to the public, and identification of the entity as a mortgage real estate investment trust in its federal tax filings with the Internal Revenue Service. While we disagree with the CFTC’s position that mortgage REITs that use swaps as part of their business model fall within the statutory definition of a CPO, we have submitted a claim for the relief set forth in the no-action relief entitled “No-Action Relief from the Commodity Pool Operator Registration Requirement for Commodity Pool Operators of Certain Pooled Investment Vehicles Organized as Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts” and believe we meet the criteria for such relief set forth therein.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies that require us to make significant judgments or estimates are described below.  For more information on these critical accounting policies and other significant accounting policies, see “Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Valuation of Financial Instruments

Residential Securities

There is an active market for our Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities. Since we primarily invest in securities that can be valued using actively quoted prices for actively traded assets, there is a high degree of observable inputs and less subjectivity in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices from the TBA securities market, the Treasury curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual securities, which may include coupon, periodic and life caps, reset dates and the expected life of the security. Prepayment rates are difficult to predict and require estimation and judgment in the valuation of Agency mortgage-backed securities. All internal fair values are compared to external pricing sources and/or dealer quotes to determine reasonableness. Additionally, securities used as collateral for repurchase agreements are priced daily by counterparties to ensure sufficient collateralization, providing additional verification of our internal pricing.

Residential Mortgage Loans

There is an active market for the residential whole loans in which we invest. Since we primarily invest in residential loans that can be valued using actively quoted prices for similar assets, there are observable inputs in measuring fair value. Internal fair values are determined using quoted prices for similar market transactions, the swap curve and the underlying characteristics of the individual loans, which may include loan term, coupon, and reset dates. Prepayment rates are difficult to predict and are a significant estimate requiring judgment in the valuation of residential whole loans. Internal fair values are generally compared to external pricing sources to determine reasonableness.

Commercial Real Estate Investments

The fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale is determined based upon quoted prices of similar assets in recent market transactions and requires the application of judgment due to differences in the underlying collateral.  These securities must also be evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment if the fair value of the security is lower than its amortized cost. Determining whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment may require us to exercise significant judgment and make estimates to determine expected cash flows incorporating assumptions such as changes in interest rates and loss expectations.  For commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments classified as held for investment, we apply significant judgment in evaluating the need for a loss reserve.  Estimated net recoverable value of the commercial real estate loans and preferred equity investments and other factors such as the fair value of any collateral, the amount and status of senior debt, the prospects of the borrower and the competitive landscape where the borrower conducts business must be considered in determining the allowance for loan losses. For commercial real estate loans held for sale, significant judgment may need to be applied in determining the fair value of the loans and whether a valuation allowance is necessary.  Factors that may need to be considered to determine the fair value of a loan held for sale include the borrower’s credit quality, liquidity and other market factors and the fair value of the underlying collateral.

Interest Rate Swaps

We use the overnight indexed swap (“OIS”) curve as an input to value substantially all of our uncleared interest rate swaps. We believe using the OIS curve, which reflects the interest rate typically paid on cash collateral, enables us to most accurately determine the fair value of uncleared interest rate swaps. Consistent with market practice, we exchange collateral (also called margin) based on the fair values of our interest rate swaps. Through this margining process, we may be able to compare our recorded fair value with the fair value calculated by the counterparty or derivatives clearing organization, providing additional verification of our recorded fair value of the uncleared interest rate swaps. We value our cleared interest rate swaps using the prices provided by the derivatives clearing organization.

Revenue Recognition

Interest income from coupon payments is accrued based on the outstanding principal amounts of the Residential Securities and their contractual terms. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of the Residential Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the projected lives of the securities using the interest method. To aid in determining projected lives of the securities, we use third-party model and market information to project prepayment speeds. Our prepayment speed projections incorporate underlying loan characteristics (i.e., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts and expert judgment. Prepayment speeds vary according to the type of investment, conditions in the financial markets and other factors and cannot be predicted with any certainty. Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results. Adjustments are made for actual prepayment activity as it relates to calculating the effective yield. Gains or losses on sales of Residential Securities are recorded on trade date based on the specific identification method.

Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities

Determining whether an entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE requires significant judgment related to assessing the purpose and design of the VIE and determination of the activities that most significantly impact its economic performance. We must also identify explicit and implicit variable interests in the entity and consider our involvement in both the design of the VIE and its ongoing activities. To determine whether consolidation of the VIE is required, we must apply judgment to assess whether we have the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE and whether we have either the rights to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses that could be potentially significant to the VIE.

Use of Estimates

The use of GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Glossary of Terms

A

Adjustable-Rate Loan / Security

A loan / security on which interest rates are adjusted at regular intervals according to predetermined criteria. The adjustable interest rate is tied to an objective, published interest rate index.

Agency

Refers to a federally chartered corporation, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or an agency of the U.S. Government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association.

Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities

Refers to residential mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by an Agency.

Amortization

Liquidation of a debt through installment payments.  Amortization also refers to the process of systematically reducing a recognized asset or liability (e.g., a purchase premium or discount for a debt security) with an offset to earnings.

Average Life

On a mortgage-backed security, the average time to receipt of each dollar of principal, weighted by the amount of each principal prepayment, based on prepayment assumptions.

B

Basis Point (“BP”)

One hundredth of one percent, used in expressing differences in interest rates.  One basis point is 0.01% of yield. For example, a bond’s yield that changed from 3.00% to 3.50% would be said to have moved 50 basis points.

Benchmark

A bond or an index referencing a basket of bonds whose terms are used for comparison with other bonds of similar maturity. The global financial market typically looks to U.S. Treasury securities as benchmarks.

Beneficial Owner

One who benefits from owning a security, even if the security’s title of ownership is in the name of a broker or bank.

B-Note

Subordinate mortgage notes and/or subordinate mortgage loan participations.

 

B-Piece

The most subordinate commercial mortgage-backed security bond class.

Board

Refers to the board of directors of Annaly.

Bond

The written evidence of debt, bearing a stated rate or stated rates of interest, or stating a formula for determining that rate, and maturing on a date certain, on which date and upon presentation a fixed sum of money plus interest (usually represented by interest coupons attached to the bond) is payable to the holder or owner. Bonds are long-term securities with an original maturity of greater than one year.

Book Value Per Share

Calculated by summing common stock, additional paid-in capital, accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated deficit and dividing that number by the total common shares outstanding.

Broker

Generic name for a securities firm engaged in both buying and selling securities on behalf of customers or its own account.

C

Capital Buffer

Includes unencumbered financial assets which can be either sold or utilized as collateral to meet liquidity needs.

Capital Ratio

Calculated as total stockholders’ equity divided by total assets inclusive of outstanding market value of TBA positions and exclusive of consolidated VIEs. 

 

Carry

The amount an asset earns over its hedging and financing costs. A positive carry happens when the rate on the securities being financed is greater than the rate on the funds borrowed. A negative carry is when the rate on the funds borrowed is greater than the rate on the securities that are being financed.

CMBX

The CMBX index is a synthetic tradable index referencing a basket of 25 CMBS of a particular rating and vintage. The CMBX index allows investors to take a long position (referred to as selling protection) or short position (referred to as purchasing protection) on the respective basket of CMBS securities and is structured as a “pay-as-you-go” contract whereby the protection seller receives and the protection buyer pays a standardized running coupon on the contracted notional amount. Additionally, the protection

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

seller is obligated to pay to the protection buyer the amount of principal losses and/or coupon shortfalls on the underlying CMBS securities as they occur.

Collateral

Securities, cash or property pledged by a borrower or party to a derivative contract to secure payment of a loan or derivative. If the borrower fails to repay the loan or defaults under the derivative contract, the secured party may take ownership of the collateral.

Collateralized Loan Obligation (“CLO”)

A securitization collateralized by loans and other debt instruments.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (“CMO”)

A multiclass bond backed by a pool of mortgage pass-through securities or mortgage loans.

Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)

An independent U.S. federal agency established by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974. The CFTC regulates the swaps, commodity futures and options markets. Its goals include the promotion of competitive and efficient futures markets and the protection of investors against manipulation, abusive trade practices and fraud.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Security

Securities collateralized by a pool of mortgages on commercial real estate in which all principal and interest from the mortgages flow to certificate holders in a defined sequence or manner.

Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”)

The percentage of outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one year, based on the annualization of the Single Monthly Mortality, which reflects the outstanding mortgage loan principal that prepays in one month.

Convexity

A measure of the change in a security’s duration with respect to changes in interest rates. The more convex a security is, the more its duration will change with interest rate changes.

Core Earnings and Core Earnings Per Average Common Share

Core earnings is defined as the sum of (a) economic net interest income, (b) TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income, (c) realized amortization of MSRs, (d) other income (loss) (excluding depreciation and amortization expense on real estate and related intangibles, non-core income allocated to equity method investments and other non-core components of other income (loss)), (e) general and administrative expenses (excluding transaction expenses and non-recurring items) and (f) income taxes (excluding the income tax effect of non-core income (loss) items), and core earnings (excluding PAA) is defined as core earnings excluding the premium amortization adjustment representing the cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current

 

period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities. Core earnings and core earnings (excluding PAA) per average common share is calculated by dividing core earnings or core earnings (excluding PAA) by average basic common shares for the period. As discussed in the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”, these measures have been updated beginning in the third quarter ended September 30, 2018. Prior period results will not be adjusted to conform to the revised calculation as the impact in each of those periods is not material.

Corporate Debt

Non-government debt instruments issued by corporations. Long-term corporate debt can be issued as bonds or loans.

Counterparty

One of two entities in a transaction. For example, in the bond market a counterparty can be a state or local government, a broker-dealer or a corporation.

Coupon

The interest rate on a bond that is used to compute the amount of interest due on a periodic basis.

Credit and Counterparty Risk

Risk to earnings, capital or business, resulting from an obligor’s or counterparty’s failure to meet the terms of any contract or otherwise failure to perform as agreed. Credit and counterparty risk is present in lending, investing, funding and hedging activities.

Credit Derivatives

Derivative instruments that have one or more underlyings related to the credit risk of a specified entity (or group of entities) or an index that exposes the seller to potential loss from specified credit-risk related events. An example is credit derivatives referencing the commercial mortgage-backed securities index.

 

Credit Risk Transfer (“CRT”) Securities

Credit Risk Transfer securities are risk sharing transactions issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and similarly structured transactions arranged by third party market participants. The securities issued in the CRT sector are designed to synthetically transfer mortgage credit risk from Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and/or third parties to private investors.

Current Face

The current remaining monthly principal on a mortgage security. Current face is computed by multiplying the original face value of the security by the current principal balance factor.

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D

Dealer

Person or organization that underwrites, trades and sells securities, e.g., a principal market-maker in securities.

Default Risk

Possibility that a bond issuer will fail to pay principal or interest when due.

Derivative

A financial product that derives its value from the price, price fluctuations and price expectations of an underlying instrument, index or reference pool (e.g. futures contracts, options, interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions and certain to-be-announced securities).

Discount Price

When the dollar price is below face value, it is said to be selling at a discount.

Duration

The weighted maturity of a fixed-income investment’s cash flows, used in the estimation of the price sensitivity of fixed-income securities for a given change in interest rates.

E

Economic Capital

A measure of the risk a firm is subject to.  It is the amount of capital a firm needs as a buffer to protect against risk.  It is a probabilistic measure of potential future losses at a given confidence level over a given time horizon.

Economic Interest Expense

Non-GAAP financial measure that is comprised of GAAP interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Economic Leverage Ratio (Economic Debt-to-Equity Ratio)

Calculated as the sum of recourse debt, TBA derivative and CMBX notional outstanding and net forward purchases (sales) of investments divided by total equity. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Debt issued by securitization vehicles, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.

Economic Net Interest Income

Non-GAAP financial measure that is composed of GAAP net interest income less Economic Interest Expense.

Encumbered Assets

Assets on the company’s balance sheet which have been pledged as collateral against a liability.

 

Eurodollar

A U.S. dollar deposit held in Europe or elsewhere outside the United States.

F

Face Amount

The par value (i.e., principal or maturity value) of a security appearing on the face of the instrument.

Factor

A decimal value reflecting the proportion of the outstanding principal balance of a mortgage security, which changes over time, in relation to its original principal value.

Fannie Mae

Federal National Mortgage Association.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”)

An independent agency created by the U.S. Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation’s financial system by insuring deposits, examining and supervising financial institutions for safety and soundness and consumer protection, and managing receiverships.

Federal Funds Rate

The interest rate charged by banks on overnight loans of their excess reserve funds to other banks.

Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLB”)

U.S. Government-sponsored banks that provide reliable liquidity to member financial institutions to support housing finance and community investment.

Federal Housing Financing Agency (“FHFA”)

The FHFA is an independent regulatory agency that oversees vital components of the secondary mortgage market including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks.

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”)

FINRA is a non-governmental organization tasked with regulating all business dealings conducted between dealers, brokers and all public investors.

Fixed-Rate Mortgage

A mortgage featuring level monthly payments, determined at the outset, which remain constant over the life of the mortgage.

Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (“FICC”)

The FICC is an agency that deals with the confirmation, settlement and delivery of fixed-income assets in the U.S. The agency ensures the systematic and efficient settlement of U.S. Government securities and mortgage-backed security transactions in the market.

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Floating Rate Bond

A bond for which the interest rate is adjusted periodically according to a predetermined formula, usually linked to an index.

Floating Rate CMO

A CMO tranche which pays an adjustable rate of interest tied to a representative interest rate index such as the LIBOR, the Constant Maturity Treasury or the Cost of Funds Index.

Freddie Mac

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.

Futures Contract

A legally binding agreement to buy or sell a commodity or financial instrument in a designated future month at a price agreed upon at the initiation of the contract by the buyer and seller. Futures contracts are standardized according to the quality, quantity, and delivery time and location for each commodity. A futures contract differs from an option in that an option gives one of the counterparties a right and the other an obligation to buy or sell, while a futures contract represents an obligation of both counterparties, one to deliver and the other to accept delivery. A futures contract is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives.

G

GAAP

U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Ginnie Mae

Government National Mortgage Association.

H

Hedge

An investment made with the intention of minimizing the impact of adverse movements in interest rates or securities prices.

I

In-the-Money

Description for an option that has intrinsic value and can be sold or exercised for a profit; a call option is in-the-money when the strike price (execution price) is below the market price of the underlying security.

Interest Bearing Liabilities

Refers to repurchase agreements, debt issued by securitization vehicles, FHLB Des Moines advances and credit facilities. Average Interest Bearing Liabilities is based on daily balances.

 

Interest Earning Assets

Refers to Residential Securities, U.S. Treasury securities, reverse repurchase agreements, commercial real estate debt and preferred equity interests, residential mortgage loans and corporate debt. Average Interest Earning Assets is based on daily balances.

Interest-Only (IO) Bond

The interest portion of mortgage, Treasury or bond payments, which is separated and sold individually from the principal portion of those same payments.

Interest Rate Risk

The risk that an investment’s value will change due to a change in the absolute level of interest rates, in the spread between two rates, in the shape of the yield curve or in any other interest rate relationship. As market interest rates rise, the value of current fixed income investment holdings declines. Diversifying, deleveraging and hedging techniques are utilized to mitigate this risk. Interest rate risk is a form of market risk.

Interest Rate Swap

A binding agreement between counterparties to exchange periodic interest payments on some predetermined dollar principal, which is called the notional principal amount. For example, one party will pay fixed and receive a variable rate .

Interest Rate Swaption

Options on interest rate swaps. The buyer of a swaption has the right to enter into an interest rate swap agreement at some specified date in the future. The swaption agreement will specify whether the buyer of the swaption will be a fixed-rate receiver or a fixed-rate payer.

Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Program (“ICAAP”)

The ongoing assessment and measurement of risks, and the amount of capital which is necessary to hold against those risks.  The objective is to ensure that a firm is appropriately capitalized relative to the risks in its business.

 

International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) Master Agreement

Standardized contract developed by ISDA used as an umbrella under which bilateral derivatives contracts are entered into.

Inverse IO Bond

An interest-only bond whose coupon is determined by a formula expressing an inverse relationship to a benchmark rate, such as LIBOR. As the benchmark rate changes, the IO coupon adjusts in the opposite direction. When the benchmark rate is relatively low, the IO pays a relatively high coupon payment, and vice versa.

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Investment/Market Risk

Risk to earnings, capital or business resulting in the decline in value of our assets caused from changes in market variables, such as interest rates, which affect the values of Residential Securities and other investment instruments.

Investment Company Act

Refers to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

L

Leverage

The use of borrowed money to increase investing power and economic returns.

Leverage Ratio (Debt-to-Equity Ratio)

Calculated as total debt to total stockholders’ equity. For purposes of calculating this ratio total debt includes repurchase agreements, other secured financing, debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable. Certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing), debt issued by securitization vehicles and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us.

LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate)

The rate banks charge each other for short-term Eurodollar loans. LIBOR is frequently used as the base for resetting rates on floating-rate securities and the floating-rate legs of interest rate swaps.

Liquidity Risk

Risk to earnings, capital or business arising from our inability to meet our obligations when they come due without incurring unacceptable losses because of inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding.

Long-Term CPR

The Company’s projected prepayment speeds for certain Agency mortgage-backed securities using third-party model and market information. The Company’s prepayment speed projections incorporate underlying loan characteristics (e.g., coupon, term, original loan size, original loan-to-value ratio, etc.) and market data, including interest rate and home price index forecasts.  Changes to model assumptions, including interest rates and other market data, as well as periodic revisions to the model will cause changes in the results.

Long-Term Debt

Debt which matures in more than one year.

M

Market Agreed Coupon (“MAC”) Interest Rate Swap

An interest rate swap contract structure with pre-defined, market agreed terms, developed by SIFMA and ISDA with

 

the purpose of promoting liquidity and simplified administration.

Monetary Policy

Action taken by the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve System to influence the money supply or interest rates.

Mortgage-Backed Security (“MBS”)

A security representing a direct interest in a pool of mortgage loans. The pass-through issuer or servicer collects the payments on the loans in the pool and “passes through” the principal and interest to the security holders on a pro rata basis.

Mortgage Loan

A mortgage loan granted by a bank, thrift or other financial institution that is based solely on real estate as security and is not insured or guaranteed by a government agency.

Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”)

Contractual agreements constituting the right to service an existing mortgage where the holder receives the benefits and bears the costs and risks of servicing the mortgage.

N

NAV

Net asset value.

Net Interest Income

Represents interest income earned on our portfolio investments, less interest expense paid for borrowings.

Net Interest Margin

Represents the sum of the Company's interest income plus TBA dollar roll income and CMBX coupon income less interest expense and the net interest component of interest rate swaps divided by the sum of average Interest Earning Assets plus average TBA contract and CMBX balances.

Net Interest Spread

Calculated by taking the average yield on Interest Earning Assets minus the average cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities, which includes the net interest component of interest rate swaps.

Non-Performing Loan (“NPL”)

A loan that is close to defaulting or is in default.

Notional Amount

A stated principal amount in a derivative contract on which the contract is based.

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O

Operational Risk

Risk to earnings, capital, reputation or business arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, human factors or external events.

Option Contract

A contract in which the buyer has the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a set price on or before a given date. Buyers of call options bet that a security will be worth more than the price set by the option (the strike price), plus the price they pay for the option itself. Buyers of put options bet that the security’s price will drop below the price set by the option. An option is part of a class of financial instruments called derivatives, which means these financial instruments derive their value from the worth of an underlying investment.

Original Face

The face value or original principal amount of a security on its issue date.

Out-of-the-Money

Description for an option that has no intrinsic value and would be worthless if it expired today; for a call option, this situation occurs when the strike price is higher than the market price of the underlying security; for a put option, this situation occurs when the strike price is less than the market price of the underlying security.

Overnight Index Swaps (“OIS”)

An interest rate swap in which a fixed rate is exchanged for an overnight floating rate.

Over-The-Counter (“OTC”) Market

A securities market that is conducted by dealers throughout the country through negotiation of price rather than through the use of an auction system as represented by a stock exchange.

P

Par

Price equal to the face amount of a security; 100%.

Par Amount

The principal amount of a bond or note due at maturity. Also known as par value.

 

Pass-Through Security

A securitization structure where a GSE or other entity “passes” the amount collected from the borrowers every month to the investor, after deducting fees and expenses.

 

Pool

A collection of mortgage loans assembled by an originator or master servicer as the basis for a security. In the case of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac mortgage pass-through securities, pools are identified by a number assigned by the issuing agency.

Premium

The amount by which the price of a security exceeds its principal amount. When the dollar price of a bond is above its face value, it is said to be selling at a premium.

Premium Amortization Adjustment (“PAA”)

The cumulative impact on prior periods, but not the current period, of quarter-over-quarter changes in estimated long-term prepayment speeds related to our Agency mortgage-backed securities.

Prepayment

The unscheduled partial or complete payment of the principal amount outstanding on a mortgage loan or other debt before it is due.

Prepayment Risk

The risk that falling interest rates will lead to increased prepayments of mortgage or other loans, forcing the investor to reinvest at lower prevailing rates.

Prepayment Speed

The estimated rate at which mortgage borrowers will pay off the mortgages that underlie an MBS.

Prime Rate

The indicative interest rate on loans that banks quote to their best commercial customers.

 

Principal and Interest

The term used to refer to regularly scheduled payments or prepayments of principal and payments of interest on a mortgage or other security.

R

Rate Reset

The adjustment of the interest rate on a floating-rate security according to a prescribed formula.

 

Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”)

A special purpose investment vehicle that provides investors with the ability to participate directly in the ownership or financing of real-estate related assets by pooling their capital to purchase and manage mortgage loans and/or income property.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Recourse Debt

Debt on which the economic borrower is obligated to repay the entire balance regardless of the value of the pledged collateral. By contrast, the economic borrower’s obligation to repay non-recourse debt is limited to the value of the pledged collateral. Recourse debt consists of repurchase agreements and other secured financing (excluding certain non-recourse credit facilities). Securitized debt, certain credit facilities (included within other secured financing) and mortgages payable are non-recourse to us and are excluded from this measure.

Reinvestment Risk

The risk that interest income or principal repayments will have to be reinvested at lower rates in a declining rate environment.

Re-Performing Loan (“RPL”)

A type of loan in which payments were previously delinquent by at least 90 days but have resumed.

Repurchase Agreement

The sale of securities to investors with the agreement to buy them back at a higher price after a specified time period; a form of short-term borrowing. For the party on the other end of the  transaction (buying the security and agreeing to sell in the future) it is a reverse repurchase agreement.

Residential Securities

Refers to Agency mortgage-backed securities, CRT securities and non-Agency mortgage-backed securities.

Residual

In securitizations, the residual is the tranche that collects any cash flow from the collateral that remains after obligations to the other tranches have been met.

Return on Average Equity

Calculated by taking earnings divided by average stockholders’ equity.

Reverse Repurchase Agreement

Refer to Repurchase Agreement. The buyer of securities effectively provides a collateralized loan to the seller.

Risk Appetite Statement

Defines the types and levels of risk we are willing to take in order to achieve our business objectives, and reflects our risk management philosophy.

S

Secondary Market

Ongoing market for bonds previously offered or sold in the primary market.

 

Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)

Broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities and was chosen by the Alternative Reference Rate Committee as the preferred benchmark rate to replace dollar LIBOR in coming years.

Settlement Date

The date securities must be delivered and paid for to complete a transaction.

Short-Term Debt

Generally, debt which matures in one year or less. However, certain securities that mature in up to three years may be considered short-term debt.

Spread

When buying or selling a bond through a brokerage firm, investors will be charged a commission or spread, which is the difference between the market price and cost of purchase, and sometimes a service fee. Spreads differ based on several factors including liquidity.

T

Target Assets

Includes Agency mortgage-backed securities, to-be-announced forward contracts, CRT securities, MSRs, non-Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate investments, and corporate debt.

Taxable REIT Subsidiary (“TRS”)

An entity that is owned directly or indirectly by a REIT and has jointly elected with the REIT to be treated as a TRS for tax purposes. Annaly and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries have made separate joint elections to treat these subsidiaries as TRSs.

To-Be-Announced Securities (“TBAs”)

A contract for the purchase or sale of a mortgage-backed security to be delivered at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date but does not include a specified pool number and number of pools.

TBA Dollar Roll Income

TBA dollar roll income is defined as the difference in price between two TBA contracts with the same terms but different settlement dates. The TBA contract settling in the later month typically prices at a discount to the earlier month contract with the difference in price commonly referred to as the “drop”. TBA dollar roll income represents the equivalent of interest income on the underlying security less an implied cost of financing.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Total Return

Investment performance measure over a stated time period which includes coupon interest, interest on interest, and any realized and unrealized gains or losses.

Total Return Swap

A derivative instrument where one party makes payments at a predetermined rate (either fixed or variable) while receiving a return on a specific asset (generally an equity index, loan or bond) held by the counterparty.

U

Unencumbered Assets

Assets on our balance sheet which have not been pledged as collateral against an existing liability.

U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprise (“GSE”) Obligations

Obligations of Agencies originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

V

Value-at-Risk (“VaR”)

A statistical technique which measures the potential loss in value of an asset or portfolio over a defined period for a given confidence interval.

Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”)

An entity in which equity investors (i) do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and/or (ii) do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.

Variation Margin

Cash or securities provided by a party to collateralize its obligations under a transaction as a result of a change in value of such transaction since the trade was executed or the last time collateral was provided.

 

Volatility

A statistical measure of the variance of price or yield over time. Volatility is low if the price does not change very much over a short period of time, and high if there is a greater change.

Voting Interest Entity (“VOE”)

An entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest.

W

Warehouse Lending

A line of credit extended to a loan originator to fund mortgages extended by the loan originators to property purchasers. The loan typically lasts from the time the mortgage is originated to when the mortgage is sold into the secondary market, whether directly or through a securitization.  Warehouse lending can provide liquidity to the loan origination market.

Weighted Average Coupon

The weighted average interest rate of the underlying mortgage loans or pools that serve as collateral for a security, weighted by the size of the principal loan balances.

Weighted Average Life (“WAL”)

The assumed weighted average amount of time that will elapse from the date of a security’s issuance until each dollar of principal is repaid to the investor. The WAL will change as the security ages and depending on the actual realized rate at which principal, scheduled and unscheduled, is paid on the loans underlying the MBS.

Y

Yield-to-Maturity

The expected rate of return of a bond if it is held to its maturity date; calculated by taking into account the current market price, stated redemption value, coupon payments and time to maturity and assuming all coupons are reinvested at the same rate; equivalent to the internal rate of return.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are contained within the section titled “Risk Management” of Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (the CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (the CFO), reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on that review and evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures, as designed, (1) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (2) were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms. 

There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. At June 30, 2019, we were not party to any pending material legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in our Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this quarterly report or our most recent annual report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On June 3, 2019 we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding common shares through December 31, 2020. No shares were repurchased during the quarter ended June 30, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under this plan was $1.5 billion.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibits:

The exhibits required by this item are set forth on the Exhibit Index attached hereto. 

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Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
3.1	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 23, 2019).
3.2	Articles Supplementary reclassifying and designating 2,200,000 authorized but unissued shares of the Registrant’s preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, without designation as to series or class, as shares of undesignated Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2019).
3.3	Articles Supplementary designating Annaly’s 6.750% Series I Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $25.00 per share (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.20 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed June 26, 2019).
4.1	Specimen Series I Preferred Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed June 26, 2019).
31.1	Certification of Kevin G. Keyes, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Glenn A. Votek, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Kevin G. Keyes, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification of Glenn A. Votek, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) of the Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS XBRL	The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. The following documents are formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 (Derived from the audited Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at December 31, 2018); (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
101.SCH XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Schema Document †
101.CAL XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document †
101.DEF XBRL	Additional Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document Created †
101.LAB XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document †
101.PRE XBRL	Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document †
104	The cover page for the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*             Management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.

†             Submitted electronically herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of New York, State of New York.

 

			ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
Dated:	August 1, 2019		By: /s/ Kevin G. Keyes
			Kevin G. Keyes
			Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer)
Dated:	August 1, 2019		By: /s/ Glenn A. Votek
			Glenn A. Votek
			Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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