APARTMENT INVESTMENT & MANAGEMENT CO - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021  

OR

For the transition period from          to

Commission File Number: 1-13232 (Apartment Investment and Management Company)

Commission File Number: 0-056223 (Aimco OP L.P.)

Apartment Investment and Management Company

Aimco OP L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(303) 224-7900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None (Apartment Investment and Management Company)

Partnership Common Units (Aimco OP L.P.)

(title of each class)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Apartment Investment and Management Company:

Aimco OP L.P.:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

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The number of shares of Apartment Investment and Management Company Class A Common Stock outstanding as of May 13, 2021: 150,066,381

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

On December 15, 2020, Apartment Investment and Management Company (“Aimco” or “the Company”) completed the previously announced separation of its business into two, separate and distinct, publicly traded companies, Aimco and Apartment Income REIT Corp. (“AIR”). The separation was effected by way of a pro rata distribution, in which stockholders of Aimco received one share of Class A common stock of AIR for every one share of Class A common stock of Aimco held as of the close of business on December 5, 2020. AIMCO Properties, L.P. (“AIR Operating Partnership”) also completed a pro rata distribution of all of the outstanding common limited partnership units of Aimco OP L.P. (“Aimco Operating Partnership” and such units, “Aimco OP Units”) to holders of AIR Operating Partnership common limited partnership units and AIR Operating Partnership Class I High Performance partnership units as of the close of business on December 5, 2020. The transactions described in this paragraph are collectively referred to as the “Separation” and are governed by the terms of the Separation and Distribution Agreement (the “Separation Agreement”).

Notwithstanding the legal form of the Separation, for accounting and financial reporting purposes, Aimco is presented as being spun-off from AIR. This presentation is in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and is due primarily to the relative significance of Aimco’s business, as measured in terms of revenue, net income, assets, and other relevant indicators, as compared to those indicators for AIR before the Separation. Therefore, Aimco is considered “spun” for accounting purposes and AIR is considered the divesting entity and treated as the accounting spinner, or accounting predecessor. A separate capital structure did not exist since the assets, liabilities and operations of Aimco prior to the Separation (Aimco and AIR together, as they existed prior to the Separation, “Aimco Predecessor”) were spread across multiple legal entities. The historical financial statements of Aimco do not represent the financial position and results of operations of one legal entity, but rather a combination of entities under common control that have been “carved out” from Aimco Predecessor’s financial statements.

This filing combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021, of Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership. Where it is important to distinguish between the two entities, we refer to them specifically. Otherwise, references to “we,” “us,” or “our” mean, collectively, Aimco, Aimco Operating Partnership, and their consolidated entities.

Aimco, a Maryland corporation, is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT. Aimco, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, is the general partner and directly is the special limited partner of Aimco Operating Partnership. As of March 31, 2021, Aimco owned approximately 93.3%  of the legal interest in the common partnership units of Aimco Operating Partnership and 94.9%  of the economic interest in Aimco Operating Partnership. The remaining  6.7% legal interest is owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of Aimco Operating Partnership, Aimco has exclusive control of Aimco Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management.

Aimco Operating Partnership holds all of Aimco’s assets and manages the daily operations of Aimco’s business. Pursuant to Aimco Operating Partnership agreement, Aimco is required to contribute to Aimco Operating Partnership all proceeds from the offerings of its securities. In exchange for the contribution of such proceeds, Aimco receives additional interests in Aimco Operating Partnership with similar terms (e.g., if Aimco contributes proceeds of a stock offering, Aimco receives partnership units with terms substantially similar to the stock issued by Aimco).

We believe combining the periodic reports of Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership into this single report provides the following benefits:

We operate Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership as one enterprise; the management of Aimco directs the management and operations of Aimco Operating Partnership; and Aimco OP GP, LLC, Aimco Operating Partnership’s general partner, is member managed by Aimco.

We believe it is important to understand the few differences between Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership in the context of how Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership operate as a consolidated company. Aimco has no assets or liabilities other than its investment in Aimco Operating Partnership. Also, Aimco is a corporation that issues publicly traded equity from time to time, whereas Aimco Operating Partnership is a partnership that has no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from stock offerings by Aimco, which are contributed to Aimco Operating Partnership in exchange for additional limited partnership interests (of a similar type and in an amount equal to the shares of stock sold in the offering), Aimco Operating Partnership generates all remaining capital required by its business. These sources include Aimco Operating Partnership’s working capital,

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net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its revolving credit facility, the issuance of debt and equity securities, including additional partnership units, and proceeds received from the sale of real estate.

Equity, partners’ capital, and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the condensed consolidated financial statements of Aimco and those of Aimco Operating Partnership. Interests in Aimco Operating Partnership held by entities other than Aimco, which we refer to as OP Units, are classified within partners’ capital in Aimco Operating Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in Aimco’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

To help investors understand the differences between Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership, this report provides: separate condensed consolidated financial statements for Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership; a single set of condensed consolidated notes to such financial statements that includes separate discussions of each entity’s earnings per share or earnings per unit, as applicable; and a combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section that includes discrete information related to each entity, where appropriate.

This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership are both compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

AIMCO OP L.P.

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FORM 10-Q

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIMCO OP L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIMCO OP L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per unit data)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIMCO OP L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS’ CAPITAL

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIMCO OP L.P.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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APARTMENT INVESTMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMPANY

AIMCO OP L.P.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2021

(Unaudited)

Note 1 — Organization

Apartment Investment and Management Company (“Aimco”), a Maryland corporation incorporated on January 10, 1994, is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”). Aimco, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, is the general and special limited partner of Aimco OP L.P. (“Aimco Operating Partnership”).

Except as the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Aimco, Aimco Operating Partnership, and their consolidated subsidiaries, collectively.

The Separation

On December 15, 2020, Aimco completed the separation of its businesses (the “Separation”), creating two, separate and distinct, publicly traded companies, Aimco and Apartment Income REIT Corp. (“AIR”) (Aimco and AIR together, as they existed prior to the Separation, “Aimco Predecessor”).

Prior to the Separation, the condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on a carve-out basis and reflect significant assumptions and allocations. The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect our historical consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The historical financial statements of Aimco do not represent the financial position and results of operations of one legal entity, but rather a combination of entities under common control that have been “carved out” from Aimco Predecessor’s financial statements. All significant intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

All separation related transactions between Aimco and Aimco Predecessor are considered effectively settled through partners’ capital in our condensed consolidated financial statements, other than the Notes Payable to AIR as discussed in Note 3. The settlement of these transactions is reflected as contributions from Aimco Predecessor, net in our condensed consolidated statements of equity and partners’ capital and net change in Aimco Predecessor investment in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as financing activities.

Business

As of March 31, 2021, Aimco owned approximately 93.3% of the legal interest in the common partnership units of Aimco Operating Partnership and  94.9% of the economic interest in Aimco Operating Partnership. The remaining 6.7%  legal interest is owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of Aimco Operating Partnership, Aimco has exclusive control of Aimco Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management.

We own or lease a portfolio of real estate investments focused primarily on the U.S. multifamily sector. These real estate investments include a portfolio of 24 operating apartment communities with 6,067 apartment homes, diversified by both geography and price point, in 12 states; one commercial office building owned as part of a land assemblage; two residential apartment communities, with 1,055 planned apartment homes, and one hotel, with 106 planned rooms, that we are actively developing and redeveloping; one residential apartment community, currently with 275 apartment homes, in redevelopment planning; and three residential apartment communities, with 499 apartment homes, for which we have completed the redevelopment and are in lease-up, but have not achieved stabilization.

Note 2 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations, although management believes the disclosures are adequate to prevent the information presented from being

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misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2021, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021.

The condensed consolidated balance sheets of Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2020, have been derived from their respective audited financial statements at that date, but do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes thereto included in Aimco’s and Aimco Operating Partnership’s combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Except where indicated, the footnotes refer to both Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership.

Principles of Consolidation

Aimco’s accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aimco, Aimco Operating Partnership, and their consolidated subsidiaries. Aimco Operating Partnership’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aimco Operating Partnership and its consolidated subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

We consolidate a variable interest entity, or VIE, in which we are considered the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the entity that has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could be significant to the VIE.

As used herein, and except where the context otherwise requires, “partnership” refers to a limited partnership or a limited liability company and “partner” refers to a partner in a limited partnership or a member of a limited liability company.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period condensed consolidated financial statement presentation with no effect on the Company’s previously reported results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.  

Allocations

The 2020 condensed consolidated statements of operations include allocations of general and administrative expenses from Aimco Predecessor. We consider the basis on which expenses have been allocated to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided to or the benefit received by us during the periods presented. However, the allocations may not include all of the actual expenses that we would have incurred and may not reflect our consolidated results of operations, financial position, and cash flows had it been a stand-alone company during the periods presented. Actual costs that might have been incurred had we been a stand-alone company would depend on a number of factors, including the chosen organizational structure, what functions we might have performed ourselves or outsourced, and strategic decisions we might have made in areas such as information technology and infrastructure. Following the Separation, AIR, through its subsidiaries, provides Aimco with certain property management and other services, and we perform certain functions using our own resources or purchase services from third parties.

Common Noncontrolling Interests in Aimco Operating Partnership

Common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership consist of common OP Units and are reflected in Aimco’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as common noncontrolling interests in Aimco Operating Partnership.  Aimco Operating Partnership’s income or loss is allocated to the holders of common OP Units, other than Aimco, based on the weighted-average number of common OP Units (including Aimco) outstanding during the period.  For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the holders of common OP Units had a weighted-average economic ownership interest in Aimco Operating Partnership of 5.1%. Substantially all of the assets and liabilities of Aimco are held by Aimco Operating Partnership.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Real Estate Partnership

Redeemable noncontrolling interest consists of equity interests held by a limited partner in a consolidated real estate partnership that has a finite life. We generally attribute to noncontrolling interests their share of income or loss of consolidated partnerships based on their proportionate interest in the results of operations of the partnerships, including their share of losses even if such attribution results in a deficit noncontrolling interest balance within our equity accounts.

If a real estate partnership includes redemption rights that are not within our control, the noncontrolling interest is included as temporary equity. If the redemption right is not currently redeemable but probable of being redeemable in the future, changes in redemption value are recognized each quarter with the change in value being reflected in additional paid-in-capital.

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The assets of our consolidated real estate partnerships must first be used to settle the liabilities of the consolidated real estate partnerships. The consolidated real estate partnerships’ creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Aimco Operating Partnership.

The following table presents a reconciliation of our redeemable noncontrolling interest in consolidated real estate partnership from December 31, 2020, to March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Revenue from Leases

The majority of lease payments we receive from our residents and tenants are fixed. We receive variable payments from our residents and commercial tenants primarily for utility reimbursements and other services. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, our total lease income was comprised of the following amounts for all operating leases (in thousands):

Lessee Arrangements

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we, as lessee, and AIR, as lessor, entered into finance leases on four properties currently under construction or in lease-up.  The life of three of the leases is 25 years and one lease is for 10 years.  Each lease commenced January 1, 2021 and two of the leases have rent escalations which start at the point the property reaches stabilization. We have provided AIR with residual value guarantees aggregating to $244.7 which provide that if the residual value of the leased assets are less than the specified residual value guarantees at the earlier of lease expiration or termination, we are required to pay the difference. See Note 3 for further details.

As of March 31, 2021, operating and financing right-of-use lease assets of $5.4 million and $437.7 million, respectively, are included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, amortization expense and interest expense related to our finance leases was $1.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively, net of capitalized costs.   

As of March 31, 2021, Aimco’s operating leases and financing leases have weighted-average remaining terms of 8.2 years, and 38.7 years, respectively, and weighted-average discount rates of 3.2% and 5.4%, respectively.

Combined minimum annual lease payments, under operating and financing leases, reconciled to the lease liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, are as follows (in thousands):

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For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we capitalized $6.9 million of lease costs associated with active development and redevelopment projects on certain of the underlying property and ground lease assets. No lease costs were capitalized on leased assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Mezzanine Investment

On November 26, 2019, Aimco Predecessor made a five-year, $275.0 million mezzanine loan to Maximus PM Mezzanine A LLC, the partnership owning the “Parkmerced Apartments”, located in southwest San Francisco (the “Mezzanine Investment”). The loan bears interest at a 10% annual rate, accruing if not paid from property operations.

The Separation Agreement provides for AIR to transfer ownership of the subsidiaries that originated and hold the mezzanine loan, a related equity option to acquire a 30% interest in the partnership owning Parkmerced Apartments and the interest rate option, or swaption, that provides partial protection against future refinancing risk through 2024 to Aimco. At the time of the Separation and as of May 17, 2021, legal title of these subsidiaries had not yet transferred to Aimco. Until legal title of the subsidiaries is transferred, AIR is obligated to pass payments on such loan to us, and we are obligated to indemnify AIR against any costs and expenses related thereto. We have the risks and rewards of ownership of the Mezzanine Investment and have recognized an asset related to our right to receive the Mezzanine Investment from AIR.

We recognize as income the net amounts recognized by AIR on its equity investment that are due to be paid to us when collected, which primarily represent the interest accrued under the terms of the underlying mezzanine loan. As of March 31, 2021, the Mezzanine Investment in our condensed consolidated balance sheets represents the assets associated with our indirect interest in the subsidiary that owns Parkmerced Apartments, which we do not consolidate.

The loan is subject to certain risks, including, but not limited to, those resulting from the severe downturn in San Francisco rents, the ongoing disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated governmental response, and the current economic situation, which may result in all or a portion of the loan not being repaid. In the event we determine that a portion of the Mezzanine Investment is not recoverable, we will recognize an impairment, if appropriate.

Income Tax Benefit

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, $2.7 million of the income tax benefit is related to internal restructuring completed in the first quarter and changes to our effective state rate expected to apply to the reversal of our existing deferred items.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts included in the financial statements and accompanying notes thereto. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash Equivalents

We classify highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents. We maintain cash equivalents in financial institutions in excess of insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in these accounts in the past and believe that we are not exposed to significant credit risk because our accounts are deposited with major financial institutions.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of tenant security deposits, capital replacement reserves, insurance reserves, and cash restricted as required by our debt agreements.

Other Assets, net

Other assets were comprised of the following amounts (in thousands):

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Note 3 — Transactions with AIR

In conjunction with the Separation, we entered into various separation and transition services agreements with AIR that provide for a framework of our relationship with AIR after the Separation, including: (i) a Separation Agreement setting forth the mechanics of the Separation, the key provisions relating to the separation of our assets and liabilities from those of AIR, and certain organizational matters and conditions; (ii) an Employee Matters Agreement to allocate liabilities and responsibilities relating to employment matters, employee compensation, benefits plans and programs, and other related matters; (iii) agreements pursuant to which AIR will provide property management and related services to us (collectively, the “Property Management Agreements”); (iv) an agreement pursuant to which AIR will provide us with customary administrative and support services on an ongoing basis (the “Master Services Agreement”); and (v) a master leasing agreement where we may enter into leases with AIR with the option to redevelop, develop, or lease-up the subject leased properties, and under which we will have certain lease termination rights (the “Master Leasing Agreement”).

Master Services Agreement

We and AIR entered into a Master Services Agreement, in which AIR will provide us with customary administrative and support services. We are obligated to pay AIR the fully burdened costs in performing the services. We may terminate any or all services on 60 days’ prior written notice, and AIR may terminate individual services, at any time after December 31, 2023.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we incurred administrative and support fees of $0.4 million, which is included in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.  We did not incur any fees for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Property Management Agreements

We entered into several Property Management Agreements with AIR, pursuant to which AIR will provide us with certain property management, property accounting and related services for the majority of our operating properties, and we will pay AIR a property management fee equal to 3% of each respective property’s revenue collected and such other fees as may be mutually agreed upon for various other services. The initial term of each Property Management Agreement is one-year, with automatic one-year renewal periods, unless either party elects to terminate upon delivery of 60 days’ prior written notice to the other party before the end of the term. Neither party is obligated to pay to the other party a termination fee or other penalty upon such termination.    

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recorded property management and property accounting fees of $1.3 million, which is included in property operating expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.  We did not incur any fees for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Notes Payable to AIR

On December 14, 2020, we entered into $534.1 million of notes payable to AIR that are secured by a pledge of the equity interest in the entity that holds a portfolio of assets, however, the assets secure existing senior loans of $198.3 million as of March 31, 2021.  The notes mature on January 31, 2024 and bear interest at 5.2%, with accrued interest payable quarterly on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1, commencing on April 1, 2021. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recognized interest expense of $6.9 million associated with the notes payable to AIR.  

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Master Leasing Agreement

The Master Leasing Agreement governs the current and any future leasing arrangements between us, as lessee and AIR, as lessor. The initial term of the Master Leasing Agreement is 18 months (expiring on or about June 14, 2022), with automatic annual extensions (subject to each party’s right to terminate upon notice prior to the end of any such extension term). The Master Leasing Agreement provides that each time the parties thereto wish to execute a lease for a particular property, such parties will cause their applicable affiliates to execute a stand-alone lease. The initial annual rent for any leased property is based on the then-current fair market value of the subject property and market NOI cap rates, subject to certain adjustments, and is further subject to periodic escalation as set forth in the applicable lease, and the other terms thereof, including the initial term and extensions. We have the right to terminate any such lease prior to the end of its term once the leased property is stabilized. In connection with such an early termination, AIR will generally have an option (and not an obligation) to pay us an amount equal to the difference between the property’s fair value at stabilization and the initial value of the leasehold interest, at a five percent discount thereto; if AIR does not exercise such option, we will have the right to cause such property to be sold to a third party, with AIR guaranteed to receive an amount equal to the difference between the property’s fair market value at stabilization and the initial value of the leasehold interest and we will retain any excess proceeds. In the event of such sale of the property, we may also elect to purchase the property at a purchase price equal to the fair market value as agreed upon at the time of lease inception (and may subsequently sell the property to a third party, subject to AIR’s right of first refusal during the first year following our acquisition). If AIR elects not to pay the fee for the development or redevelopment-related improvements, and we decline to purchase the property or cause its sale to a third party, we may elect to rescind our termination of the applicable lease and instead continue such lease in effect in accordance with its terms.

We, as lessee, and AIR, as lessor, entered into leases of four properties currently under construction or in lease-up. The four properties include (i) North Tower at Flamingo Point in Miami Beach, Florida, (ii) The Fremont Residences on the Anschutz Medical Campus in Aurora, Colorado, (iii) Prism in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and (iv) 707 Leahy Apartments in Redwood City, California. According to the terms of the lease agreements, we had the option to complete the on-going development and redevelopment of such properties and their lease-ups, which we elected on January 1, 2021.  

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The life of each lease is 25 years except for Prism, which has a lease term of 10 years.  Each lease commenced on January 1, 2021. Initial monthly lease payments approximate $2.1 million with aggregate total lease payments of approximately $611.9 million. The initial fair market values of the leased assets at the time of lease inception was determined to be $469.0 million in the aggregate. In connection with the commencement of the leases, we assumed $70.8 million of estimated obligations pursuant to certain construction contracts.

Acquisitions

In February 2021, we acquired The Benson Hotel and Faculty Club (“Benson Hotel”) development property for $6.2 million, net of outstanding construction liabilities of $0.9 million. The development property consists of land and initial construction costs.  The project is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2023.  

Due to and from AIR

As of March 31, 2021, we have amounts due to and due from AIR of $23.9 million and $24.0 million, respectively. The amounts due to AIR primarily consist of invoices paid on our behalf and accrued interest on the notes payable to AIR. The amounts due from AIR primarily consists of net cash flows generated by our operating properties.

Terry Considine Service Arrangement

In conjunction with the Separation, the Company entered into an arrangement with AIR with respect to the services of Terry Considine, an Aimco board member and our former Chief Executive Officer, for services to be rendered by Mr. Considine separate from his services as a board member, including, but not limited to (i) short and long term strategic direction and advice; (ii) transition and executive support to officers and; (iii) advice and consultation with respect to strategic growth and acquisition activities.  The Company is obligated to reimburse AIR for all base salary, short-term incentive amounts and long-term incentive amounts payable by AIR to Mr. Considine for the calendar year 2021under the terms of his employment agreement with AIR that are in excess of $1 million, collectively.  For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we have recorded $1.45 million in associated service fees in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.  As of March 31, 2021, accrued service fees of $1.45 million are included in accrued liabilities and other and in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Guarantee Liability

Legal liabilities that relate to occurrences prior to the Separation, including environmental liabilities related to properties that were no longer owned by Aimco or AIR at the time of the Separation, pursuant to the terms of the Separation Agreement, are borne by Aimco Operating Partnership up to the first $17.5 million of such liabilities, in the aggregate, and borne by AIR Operating Partnership for any such liabilities in excess of $17.5 million.

On the date of Separation, we recognized a guarantee liability of $16.4 million based on an estimate of the expected future cash flows required to settle the legal liabilities, including, but not limited to, remediation, settlement and legal costs, discounted by an estimated market discount rate of 4.25%.  The guarantee liability is systematically reduced as costs related to the legal liabilities are incurred, which we estimate will occur through 2023.  For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the guarantee liability was reduced by $1.3 million. As of March 31, 2021, the guarantee liability of $15.1 million is included in accrued liabilities and other in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. 

Note 4 — Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

In connection with our development, redevelopment, and other capital additions activities, we have entered into various construction-related contracts and we have made commitments to complete development and redevelopment of certain real estate, pursuant to financing or other arrangements. As of March 31, 2021, our commitments related to these capital activities totaled approximately $266.4 million most of which we expect to incur during the next 12 months.

We enter into certain commitments for future purchases of goods and services in connection with the operations of our apartment communities. Those commitments generally have terms of one year or less and reflect expenditure levels comparable to our historical expenditures.

We have a commitment to fund an additional $37.5 million to IQHQ and currently expect to incur this investment over the next two years. We also have unfunded commitments related to three investments in privately held entities that develop technology related to the real estate industry (“RETV”) in the amount of $1.1 million, the timing of which is uncertain.

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Legal Matters

From time to time, the Company may be a party to certain legal proceedings, incidental to the normal course of business.  While the outcome of the legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not expect that these proceedings will have a material effect upon our financial condition or results of operations.

Note 5 — Earnings and Dividends per Share and Unit

Aimco and Aimco Operating Partnership calculate basic earnings per common share and basic earnings per common unit based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and common partnership units outstanding. We calculate diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit taking into consideration dilutive common stock and common partnership unit equivalents and dilutive convertible securities outstanding during the period.

The common shares and common partnership units outstanding at the Separation date are reflected as outstanding for all periods prior to the Separation for purposes of determining earnings per share and per unit.

Our common stock and common partnership unit equivalents include options to purchase shares of Common Stock, which, if exercised, would result in Aimco’s issuance of additional shares and Aimco Operating Partnership’s issuance to Aimco of additional common partnership units equal to the number of shares purchased under the options. These equivalents also include unvested TSR Restricted Stock awards that do not meet the definition of participating securities, which would result in an increase in the number of shares of Common Stock and common partnership units outstanding equal to the number of the shares that vest. Common partnership unit equivalents also include unvested long-term incentive partnership units. We include in the denominator securities with dilutive effect in calculating diluted earnings per share and per unit during these periods.

Our Time-Based Restricted Stock awards receive non-forfeitable dividends similar to shares of common stock and common partnership units prior to vesting, and our TSR LTIP I units and TSR LTIP II units receive non-forfeitable distributions based on specified percentages of the distributions paid to common partnership units prior to vesting and conversion. The unvested restricted shares and units related to these awards are participating securities. We include the effect of participating securities in basic and diluted earnings per share and unit computations using the two-class method of allocating distributed and undistributed earnings when the two-class method is more dilutive than the treasury stock method.

Reconciliations of the numerator and denominator in the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share and per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, are as follows (in thousands, except per share and per unit data):

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Note 6 — Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

In 2020, we paid an upfront premium of $12.1 million for the option to enter into an interest rate swap at a future date. This interest rate option, or swaption, provides partial protection against our refinancing interest rate risk and is intended to mitigate interest rate increases between now and October 2024. We receive a cash settlement in the future if the prevailing interest rate is higher than the 1.68% five year swap strike price. The amount of future cash settlement is capped if the prevailing interest rate exceeds 2.78%. Alternatively, if interest rates were to decrease below the specified strike price, we would not receive a cash settlement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we paid an upfront premium of $5.6 million (including transaction costs) for the option to enter into an interest rate swap at a future date. This interest rate option, or swaption, provides partial protection against our refinancing interest rate risk relative to our notes payable to AIR and is intended to mitigate interest rate increases between now and January 2024.  We receive a cash settlement in the future if the prevailing interest rate is higher than the 3% strike price on the five year swap rate.  Alternatively, if interest rates were to decrease below the specified strike price, we would not receive a cash settlement.

We measure at fair value on a recurring basis our interest rate options, which are presented in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our interest rate options are classified within Level 2 of the GAAP fair value hierarchy, and we estimate their fair value using pricing models that rely on observable market information, including contractual terms, market prices, and interest rate yield curves. The fair value adjustment is included in earnings in Unrealized gains on interest rate options in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Changes in fair value are reflected as a non-cash transaction in adjustments to arrive at cash flows from operations, and the upfront premium is reflected in Purchase of interest rate option in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

We have investments of $2.3 million in RETV consisting of three privately held entities that develop technology related to the real estate industry. These investments are measured at net asset value (“NAV”) as a practical expedient.

The following table summarizes fair value for our interest rate options and our investment in RETV (in thousands):

Fair Value Disclosures

We believe that the carrying value of the consolidated amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and payables approximated their fair value as of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, due to their relatively short-term nature and high probability of realization. We estimate the fair value of our non-recourse property debt and notes payable to AIR using an income and market approach, including comparison of the contractual terms to observable and unobservable inputs such as market interest rate risk spreads, contractual interest rates, remaining periods to maturity, debt service coverage ratios, and loan to value ratios. We classify the fair value of our non-recourse property debt within Level 2 of the GAAP fair value hierarchy based on the significance of certain of the unobservable inputs used to estimate its fair value.

The carrying amount of the notes payable to AIR approximated their fair value at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The following table summarizes carrying value and fair value for our non-recourse property debt (in thousands):

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Note 7 — Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated Entities

Aimco consolidates Aimco Operating Partnership, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) of which Aimco is the primary beneficiary. Aimco, through Aimco Operating Partnership, consolidates all VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary. Substantially all of the assets and liabilities of Aimco are that of Aimco Operating Partnership.

The VIEs that Aimco Operating Partnership consolidates owns interests in real estate. We are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs because we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance and have a substantial economic interest. We have six unconsolidated VIEs for which we are not the primary beneficiary because we are not the decision maker.

The details of our consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs, excluding those of Aimco Operating Partnership, are summarized in the table below as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands, except for VIE count):