Bank First Corp - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022


	☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission file number: 001-38676

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


WISCONSIN		39-1435359
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


402 North 8^th Street, Manitowoc, Wisconsin		54220
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(920) 652-3100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name on each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share		BFC		The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

The number of shares of the issuer’s common stock, par value $0.01, outstanding as of May 10, 2022 was 7,524,825 shares.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page Number
Part I. Financial Information		3
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, 2021	3
	Consolidated Statements of Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity – Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)	7
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9
ITEM 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	51
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	53
Part II. Other Information		53
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	53
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	53
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	54
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	54
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	54
ITEM 5.	Other Information	54
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	55
Signatures		56

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share data)


	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(Unaudited)		(Audited)

Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	28,890	$	29,171
Interest-bearing deposits		78,469		267,689
Cash and cash equivalents		107,359		296,860
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost ($5,845 and $5,922 fair value at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)		5,841		5,911
Securities available for sale, at fair value		297,063		212,689
Loans held for sale		371		786
Loans, net		2,294,939		2,215,199
Premises and equipment, net		50,068		49,461
Goodwill		55,357		55,357
Other investments		19,563		9,004
Cash value of life insurance		32,084		31,897
Identifiable intangible assets, net		3,742		4,035
Mortgage Servicing Rights ("MSR")		5,466		5,016
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)		—		150
Investment in minority-owned subsidiaries		43,552		42,935
Other assets		9,531		8,252
TOTAL ASSETS	$	2,924,936	$	2,937,552
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing deposits	$	1,758,849	$	1,728,504
Noninterest-bearing deposits		798,257		799,936
Total deposits		2,557,106		2,528,440
Securities sold under repurchase agreements		13,130		41,122
Notes payable		7,747		8,011
Subordinated notes		17,500		17,500
Other liabilities		11,150		19,826
Total liabilities		2,606,633		2,614,899
Stockholders’ equity:
Serial preferred stock - $0.01 par value
Authorized - 5,000,000 shares		—		—
Common stock - $0.01 par value
Authorized - 20,000,000 shares
Issued - 8,478,383 shares as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021
Outstanding - 7,570,766 and 7,616,540 shares as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		85		85
Additional paid-in capital		92,166		93,149
Retained earnings		266,614		258,104
Treasury stock, at cost - 907,617 and 861,843 shares as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		(35,972)		(32,294)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		(4,590)		3,609
Total stockholders’ equity		318,303		322,653
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	2,924,936	$	2,937,552

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Income

(In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2022		2021

Interest income:
Loans, including fees	$	22,306	$	23,276
Securities:
Taxable		1,288		655
Tax-exempt		449		472
Other		177		39
Total interest income		24,220		24,442
Interest expense:
Deposits		1,562		2,150
Securities sold under repurchase agreements		2		3
Borrowed funds		366		186
Total interest expense		1,930		2,339
Net interest income		22,290		22,103
Provision for loan losses		1,200		900
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		21,090		21,203
Noninterest income:
Service charges		1,422		1,467
Income from Ansay and Associates, LLC (“Ansay”)		826		725
Income from UFS, LLC (“UFS”)		705		366
Loan servicing income		1,062		505
Net gain on sales of mortgage loans		671		2,811
Net gain on sales and valuations of OREO		171		133
Other		377		336
Total noninterest income		5,234		6,343
Noninterest expense:
Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits		7,175		7,091
Occupancy		1,115		1,210
Data processing		1,345		1,393
Postage, stationery, and supplies		183		197
Advertising		89		49
Charitable contributions		168		126
Outside service fees		1,172		755
Amortization of intangibles		293		351
Other		1,191		1,186
Total noninterest expense		12,731		12,358
Income before provision for income taxes		13,593		15,188
Provision for income taxes		3,410		3,674
Net Income	$	10,183	$	11,514
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.34	$	1.49
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.34	$	1.49
Dividends per share	$	0.22	$	0.21

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands) (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021

Net Income	$	10,183	$	11,514
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized losses on available for sale securities:
Unrealized holding losses arising during period		(11,232)		(1,693)
Income tax benefit		3,033		457
Total other comprehensive loss		(8,199)		(1,236)
Comprehensive income	$	1,984	$	10,278

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)


											Accumulated
	Serial				Additional						Other		Total
	Preferred		Common		Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Comprehensive		Stockholders'
	Stock		Stock		Capital		Earnings		Stock		Income (loss)		Equity

Balance at January 1, 2021	$	—	$	85	$	92,847	$	221,393	$	(25,227)	$	5,759	$	294,857
Net income		—		—		—		11,514		—		—		11,514
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(1,236)		(1,236)
Purchase of treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(402)		—		(402)
Sale of treasury stock		—		—		—		—		23		—		23
Cash dividends ($0.21 per share)		—		—		—		(1,618)		—		—		(1,618)
Amortization of stock-based compensation		—		—		304		—		—		—		304
Vesting of restricted stock awards		—		—		(1,046)		—		1,046		—		—
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	—	$	85	$	92,105	$	231,289	$	(24,560)	$	4,523	$	303,442

Balance at January 1, 2022	$	—	$	85	$	93,149	$	258,104	$	(32,294)	$	3,609	$	322,653
Net income		—		—		—		10,183		—		—		10,183
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(8,199)		(8,199)
Purchase of treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(5,018)		—		(5,018)
Sale of treasury stock		—		—		—		—		37		—		37
Cash dividends ($0.22 per share)		—		—		—		(1,673)		—		—		(1,673)
Amortization of stock-based compensation		—		—		320		—		—		—		320
Vesting of restricted stock awards		—		—		(1,303)		—		1,303		—		—
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	—	$	85	$	92,166	$	266,614	$	(35,972)	$	(4,590)	$	318,303

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands) (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021


Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	10,183	$	11,514
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses		1,200		900
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment		398		508
Amortization of intangibles		293		351
Net amortization of securities		176		183
Amortization of stock-based compensation		320		304
Accretion of purchase accounting valuations		(554)		(242)
Net change in deferred loan fees and costs		(510)		1,014
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights ("MSR") and other investments		(623)		467
Gain on sale and disposal of premises and equipment		—		(62)
Gain on sale of OREO and valuation allowance		(171)		(133)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans		36,304		97,619
Originations of mortgage loans held for sale		(35,218)		(94,940)
Gain on sales of mortgage loans		(671)		(2,811)
Undistributed income of UFS joint venture		(705)		(366)
Undistributed income of Ansay joint venture		(826)		(725)
Net earnings on life insurance		(187)		(192)
Decrease in other assets		1,754		967
Decrease in other liabilities		(8,676)		(8,223)
Net cash provided by operating activities		2,487		6,133
Cash flows from investing activities, net of effects of business combination:
Activity in securities available for sale and held to maturity:
Maturities, prepayments, and calls		5,881		5,550
Purchases		(101,593)		(9,576)
Net increase in loans		(80,183)		(38,348)
Dividends received from UFS		460		565
Dividends received from Ansay		454		456
Proceeds from sale of OREO		321		1,101
Net purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock		(10,386)		—
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment		—		367
Purchases of premises and equipment		(1,005)		(1,237)
Net cash used in investing activities		(186,051)		(41,122)

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements Continued:

BANK FIRST CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(In thousands) (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021


Cash flows from financing activities, net of effects of business combination:
Net increase in deposits	$	28,959	$	127,167
Net increase (decrease) in securities sold under repurchase agreements		(27,992)		11,254
Proceeds from advances of notes payable		1,500,000		—
Repayment of notes payable		(1,500,250)		(10,480)
Dividends paid		(1,673)		(1,618)
Proceeds from sales of common stock		37		23
Repurchase of common stock		(5,018)		(402)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(5,937)		125,944
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(189,501)		90,955
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		296,860		170,219
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	107,359	$	261,174

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	1,916	$	2,508
Supplemental schedule of noncash activities:
MSR resulting from sale of loans		269		560
Change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale, net of tax		(8,199)		(1,236)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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BANK FIRST CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Bank First Corporation (the “Company”) provides a variety of financial services to individual and corporate customers through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank First, N.A. (the “Bank”). The Bank operates as a full-service financial institution with a primary market area including, but not limited to, the counties in which the Bank’s branches are located. The Bank has twenty-one locations located in Manitowoc, Outagamie, Brown, Winnebago, Sheboygan, Waupaca, Ozaukee, Monroe, and Jefferson counties in Wisconsin. The Company and Bank are subject to the regulations of certain federal agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (“Annual Report”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying disclosures. These estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other items, the allowance for loan losses (“ALL”), valuation of loans in acquisition transactions, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, fair value of financial instruments, other-than-temporary impairment calculations, valuation of deferred tax assets, uncertain income tax positions and contingencies. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change for the Company include the determination of the ALL, the determination and assessment of deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation of loans acquired in acquisition transactions; therefore, these are critical accounting policies. Factors that may cause sensitivity to the aforementioned estimates include but are not limited to: external market factors such as market interest rates and employment rates, changes to operating policies and procedures, changes in applicable banking or tax regulations, and changes to deferred tax estimates. Actual results may ultimately differ from estimates, although management does not generally believe such differences would materially affect the consolidated financial statements in any individual reporting period presented.

There have been no material changes or developments with respect to the assumptions or methodologies that the Company uses when applying what management believes are critical accounting policies and developing critical accounting estimates as previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report.

Recently Issued Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” Certain aspects of this ASU were updated in November 2018 by the issuance of ASU 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses”. The main objective of the ASU is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. To achieve this objective, the amendments in the ASU replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. During 2019 FASB issued ASU 2019-10 which delayed the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller, publicly traded companies, until interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022. This delay applies to the Company as it was classified as a “Smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act as of the date ASU 2019-10 was enacted. During the first half of 2019 the Company

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engaged a third-party partner to assist it in implementation of this standard. Over the last three years significant progress has been made working through the assumptions, drivers, documentation and other mechanics for the calculation of the Company’s ALL under ASU 2016-13. Throughout this process, Management has evaluated the impact of this update. While the general expectation in the banking industry is that the implementation of this standard will result in higher required balances within the ALL, it is not anticipated to have a significant impact on the Company’s overall ALL balances.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. It provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The updated guidance is effective for all entities from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company has been diligent in responding to reference rate reform and does not anticipate a significant impact to its financial statements as a result.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. This ASU provides guidance on eliminating the requirement for classification of and disclosures around troubled debt restructurings. The purpose of this guidance is to eliminate unnecessary and overly-complex disclosures of loans that are already incorporated into the allowance for credit losses and related disclosures. This ASU further requires the disclosure of current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for all entities which have implemented ASU 2016-13. The Company has historically had very few credit relationships classified as troubled debt restructurings, and as such does not anticipate that the elimination of accounting for and disclosure of these types of credit relationships will have a significant impact to its financial statements upon implementation of ASU 2016-13 beginning with the first quarter of 2023.

NOTE 2 – ACQUISITIONS

On January 18, 2022, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Denmark Bancshares, Inc. (“Denmark”), a Wisconsin Corporation, under which Denmark will merge with and into the Company and Denmark’s banking subsidiary, Denmark State Bank, will merge with and into the Bank. The transaction is expected to close during the third quarter of 2022, and is subject to, among other items, approval by the shareholders of both institutions and regulatory agencies. Merger consideration will consist of up to 20% cash and no less than 80% common stock of the Company, and will total approximately $119 million, subject to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of closing. Based on results as of March 31, 2022, the combined company would have total assets of approximately $3.61 billion, loans of approximately $2.79 billion and deposits of approximately $3.17 billion.

For more information concerning the Company’s acquisitions, see “Note 2 – Acquisition” in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report.

NOTE 3 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The two-class method is used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Under the two-class method, earnings available to common shareholders for the period are allocated between common shareholders and participating securities according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. There were no anti-dilutive stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

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The following table presents the factors used in the earnings per share computations for the period indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Basic
Net income available to common shareholders	$	10,183	$	11,514
Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities		(79)		(88)
Net income allocated to common shareholders	$	10,104	$	11,426

Weighted average common shares outstanding including participating securities		7,599,382		7,716,424
Less: Participating securities (1)		(59,119)		(59,123)
Average shares		7,540,263		7,657,301

Basic earnings per common shares	$	1.34	$	1.49

Diluted
Net income available to common shareholders	$	10,183	$	11,514

Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share		7,540,263		7,657,301
Add: Dilutive effects of stock based compensation awards		18,956		20,675
Average shares and dilutive potential common shares		7,559,219		7,677,976
Diluted earnings per common share	$	1.34	$	1.49

(1)	Participating securities are restricted stock awards whereby the stock certificates have been issued, are included in outstanding shares, receive dividends and can be voted, but have not vested.

NOTE 4 – SECURITIES

The following is a summary of available for sale securities:


			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
March 31, 2022
U.S. Treasury securities	$	149,576	$	—	$	(3,466)	$	146,110
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		25,398		—		(1,555)		23,843
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		81,173		1,009		(2,285)		79,897
Mortgage-backed securities		25,105		219		(121)		25,203
Corporate notes		20,580		389		(470)		20,499
Certificates of deposit		1,520		—		(9)		1,511
Total available for sale securities	$	303,352	$	1,617	$	(7,906)	$	297,063

December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasury securities	$	49,574	$	121	$	(193)	$	49,502
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		26,722		165		(341)		26,546
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		83,019		3,786		(67)		86,738
Mortgage-backed securities		26,143		1,117		(1)		27,259
Corporate notes		20,760		436		(94)		21,102
Certificates of deposit		1,529		13		—		1,542
Total available for sale securities	$	207,747	$	5,638	$	(696)	$	212,689

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The following is a summary of held to maturity securities:


			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
March 31, 2022
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	5,841	$	4	$	—	$	5,845
December 31, 2021
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	5,911	$	11	$	—	$	5,922

The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses of securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:


	Less Than 12 Months				Greater Than 12 Months				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses

March 31, 2022 - Available for Sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	146,110	$	(3,466)	$	—	$	—	$	146,110	$	(3,466)
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		19,674		(1,001)		4,169		(554)		23,843		(1,555)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		40,641		(2,285)		—		—		40,641		(2,285)
Mortgage-backed securities		12,028		(121)		—		—		12,028		(121)
Corporate notes		13,806		(470)		—		—		13,806		(470)
Certificate of Deposits		1,011		(9)		—		—		1,011		(9)
Totals	$	233,270	$	(7,352)	$	4,169	$	(554)	$	237,439	$	(7,906)
December 31, 2021 - Available for Sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	34,746	$	(193)	$	—	$	—	$	34,746	$	(193)
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		13,185		(86)		4,558		(255)		17,743		(341)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		8,624		(67)		—		—		8,624		(67)
Mortgage-backed securities		254		(1)		—		—		254		(1)
Corporate notes		8,973		(94)		—		—		8,973		(94)
Totals	$	65,782	$	(441)	$	4,558	$	(255)	$	70,340	$	(696)

As of March 31, 2022, the Company does not consider its securities with unrealized losses to be other-than-temporarily impaired, as the unrealized losses in each category have occurred as a result of changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase, not credit deterioration. The Company has the intent and ability to hold its securities to maturity or until par is recovered. There were no other-than-temporary impairments charged to earnings during the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

The following is a summary of amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity as of March 31, 2022. Contractual maturities will differ from expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations without penalties.


	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized		Estimated		Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	100,792	$	100,458	$	915	$	917
Due after one year through 5 years		15,351		15,527		3,222		3,224
Due after 5 years through ten years		88,204		84,383		1,704		1,704
Due after 10 years		73,900		71,492		—		—
Subtotal		278,247		271,860		5,841		5,845
Mortgage-backed securities		25,105		25,203		—		—
Total	$	303,352	$	297,063	$	5,841	$	5,845

There were no sales of securities available for sale or held to maturity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021.

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NOTE 5 – LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES, AND CREDIT QUALITY

The following table presents total loans by portfolio segment and class of loan as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Commercial/industrial	$	365,884	$	367,284
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		606,910		574,960
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		550,569		537,077
Construction and development		151,984		132,675
Residential 1‑4 family		588,046		571,749
Consumer		32,995		31,992
Other		21,502		21,489
Subtotals		2,317,890		2,237,226
ALL		(21,749)		(20,315)
Loans, net of ALL		2,296,141		2,216,911
Deferred loan fees and costs		(1,202)		(1,712)
Loans, net	$	2,294,939	$	2,215,199

A summary of the activity in the ALL by loan type as of March 31, 2022 and 2021 is summarized as follows:


			Commercial		Commercial
			Real Estate -		Real Estate -		Construction
	Commercial /		Owner		Non - Owner		and		Residential
	Industrial		Occupied		Occupied		Development		1-4 Family		Consumer		Other		Total
ALL - January 1, 2022	$	3,699	$	5,633	$	5,151	$	984	$	4,445	$	224	$	179	$	20,315
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		(3)		(3)
Recoveries		2		74		3		152		2		—		4		237
Provision		94		804		65		(6)		242		6		(5)		1,200
ALL - March 31, 2022		3,795		6,511		5,219		1,130		4,689		230		175		21,749
ALL ending balance individually evaluated for impairment		82		—		831		—		—		—		—		913
ALL ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment	$	3,713	$	6,511	$	4,388	$	1,130	$	4,689	$	230	$	175	$	20,836
Loans outstanding - March 31, 2022	$	365,884	$	606,910	$	550,569	$	151,984	$	588,046	$	32,995	$	21,502	$	2,317,890
Loans ending balance individually evaluated for impairment		715		2,635		1,455		—		225		—		—		5,030
Loans ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment	$	365,169	$	604,275	$	549,114	$	151,984	$	587,821	$	32,995	$	21,502	$	2,312,860


			Commercial		Commercial
			Real Estate -		Real Estate -		Construction
	Commercial /		Owner		Non - Owner		and		Residential
	Industrial		Occupied		Occupied		Development		1-4 Family		Consumer		Other		Total
ALL - January 1, 2021	$	2,049	$	6,108	$	3,904	$	1,027	$	3,960	$	201	$	409	$	17,658
Charge-offs		—		(24)		—		—		—		—		(10)		(34)
Recoveries		2		—		—		—		4		—		1		7
Provision		395		261		(58)		158		157		—		(13)		900
ALL - March 31, 2021		2,446		6,345		3,846		1,185		4,121		201		387		18,531
ALL ending balance individually evaluated for impairment		15		—		737		—		—		—		—		752
ALL ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,431	$	6,345	$	3,109	$	1,185	$	4,121	$	201	$	387	$	17,779
Loans outstanding - March 31, 2021	$	474,920	$	552,779	$	444,182	$	136,277	$	554,353	$	29,736	$	40,579	$	2,232,826
Loans ending balance individually evaluated for impairment		1,257		1,149		9,331		—		260		—		—		11,997
Loans ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment	$	473,663	$	551,630	$	434,851	$	136,277	$	554,093	$	29,736	$	40,579	$	2,220,829

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The Company’s past due loans as of March 31, 2022 is summarized as follows:


			90 Days
	30-89 Days		or more
	Past Due		Past Due
	Accruing		and Accruing		Non-Accrual		Total
Commercial/industrial	$	164	$	749	$	233	$	1,146
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—		3,804		3,804
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		64		—		—		64
Construction and development		501		—		18		519
Residential 1‑4 family		830		198		431		1,459
Consumer		9		14		1		24
Other		—		—		—		—
	$	1,568	$	961	$	4,487	$	7,016

The Company’s past due loans as of December 31, 2021 is summarized as follows:


			90 Days
	30-89 Days		or more
	Past Due		Past Due
	Accruing		and Accruing		Non-Accrual		Total
Commercial/industrial	$	12	$	738	$	247	$	997
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—		5,884		5,884
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		65		—		650		715
Construction and development		—		—		19		19
Residential 1‑4 family		2,002		245		439		2,686
Consumer		2		16		2		20
Other		—		—		—		—
	$	2,081	$	999	$	7,241	$	10,321

The Company utilizes a numerical risk rating system for commercial relationships. All other types of relationships (ex: residential, consumer, other) are assigned a “Pass” rating, unless they have fallen 90 days past due or more, at which time they receive a rating of 7. The Company uses split ratings for government guaranties on loans. The portion of a loan that is supported by a government guaranty is included with other Pass credits.

The determination of a commercial loan risk rating begins with completion of a matrix, which assigns scores based on the strength of the borrower’s debt service coverage, collateral coverage, balance sheet leverage, industry outlook, and customer concentration. A weighted average is taken of these individual scores to arrive at the overall rating. This rating is subject to adjustment by the loan officer based on facts and circumstances pertaining to the borrower. Risk ratings are subject to independent review.

Commercial borrowers with ratings between 1 and 5 are considered Pass credits, with 1 being most acceptable and 5 being just above the minimum level of acceptance.

Commercial borrowers rated 6 have potential weaknesses which may jeopardize repayment ability.

Borrowers rated 7 have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses such as the inability to demonstrate significant cash flow for debt service based on analysis of the company’s financial information. These loans remain on accrual status provided full collection of principal and interest is reasonably expected. Otherwise they are deemed impaired and placed on nonaccrual status. Borrowers rated 8 are the same as 7 rated credits with one exception: collection or liquidation in full is not probable.

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The breakdown of loans by risk rating as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:


	Pass (1-5)		6		7		8		Total
Commercial/industrial	$	353,369	$	35	$	12,480	$	—	$	365,884
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		570,640		15,271		20,999		—		606,910
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		546,263		—		4,306		—		550,569
Construction and development		150,771		—		1,213		—		151,984
Residential 1‑4 family		585,549		—		2,497		—		588,046
Consumer		32,992		—		3		—		32,995
Other		21,502		—		—		—		21,502
	$	2,261,086	$	15,306	$	41,498	$	—	$	2,317,890

The breakdown of loans by risk rating as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:


	Pass (1-5)		6		7		8		Total
Commercial/industrial	$	355,469	$	—	$	11,815	$	—	$	367,284
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		551,801		—		23,159		—		574,960
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		532,077		—		5,000		—		537,077
Construction and development		131,429		—		1,246		—		132,675
Residential 1‑4 family		570,022		83		1,644		—		571,749
Consumer		31,988		—		4		—		31,992
Other		21,489		—		—		—		21,489
	$	2,194,275	$	83	$	42,868	$	—	$	2,237,226

The ALL represents management’s estimate of probable and inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio. Estimating the amount of the ALL requires the exercise of significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogenous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of other qualitative factors such as current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset on the consolidated balance sheets. Loan losses are charged off against the ALL, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the ALL. A provision for loan losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned, as well as other pertinent factors.

The ALL consists of specific reserves for certain individually evaluated impaired loans and general reserves for collectively evaluated non-impaired loans. Specific reserves reflect estimated losses on impaired loans from management’s analyses developed through specific credit allocations. The specific reserves are based on regular analyses of impaired, non-homogenous loans greater than $250,000. These analyses involve a high degree of judgment in estimating the amount of loss associated with specific loans, including estimating the amount and timing of future cash flows and collateral values. The general reserve is based in part on the Bank’s historical loss experience which is updated quarterly. The general reserve portion of the ALL also includes consideration of certain qualitative factors such as 1) changes in lending policies and/or underwriting practices, 2) national and local economic conditions, 3) changes in portfolio volume and nature, 4) experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff, 5) levels of and trends in past-due and nonaccrual loans and quality, 6) changes in loan review and oversight, 7) impact and effects of concentrations and 8) other issues deemed relevant.

There are many factors affecting ALL; some are quantitative while others require qualitative judgment. The process for determining the ALL (which management believes adequately considers potential factors which might possibly result in credit losses) includes subjective elements and, therefore, may be susceptible to significant change. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management estimates, additional provisions for loan losses could be required that could adversely affect the Company’s earnings or financial position in future periods. Allocations of the ALL may be made for specific loans but the entire ALL is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off or for which an actual loss is realized. As an integral part of their examination process, various regulatory agencies review the ALL as well. Such agencies may require that changes in the ALL be recognized when such regulators’ credit evaluations differ from those of management based on information available to the regulators at the time of their examinations.

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A summary of impaired loans individually evaluated as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:


			Commercial		Commercial
			Real Estate -		Real Estate -		Construction
	Commercial/		Owner		Non - Owner		and		Residential
	Industrial		Occupied		Occupied		Development		1-4 Family		Consumer		Other		Total
With an allowance recorded:
Recorded investment	$	352	$	—	$	1,342	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,694
Unpaid principal balance		352		—		1,342		—		—		—		—		1,694
Related allowance		82		—		831		—		—		—		—		913

With no related allowance recorded:
Recorded investment	$	364	$	2,635	$	112	$	—	$	225	$	—	$	—	$	3,336
Unpaid principal balance		364		2,635		112		—		225		—		—		3,336
Related allowance		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total:
Recorded investment	$	716	$	2,635	$	1,454	$	—	$	225	$	—	$	—	$	5,030
Unpaid principal balance		716		2,635		1,454		—		225		—		—		5,030
Related allowance		82		—		831		—		—		—		—		913

Average recorded investment	$	578	$	3,801	$	1,487	$	—	$	249	$	—	$	—	$	6,114

A summary of impaired loans individually evaluated as of December 31, 2021 is as follows:


			Commercial		Commercial
			Real Estate -		Real Estate -		Construction
	Commercial/		Owner		Non - Owner		and		Residential
	Industrial		Occupied		Occupied		Development		1‑4 Family		Consumer		Other		Total
With an allowance recorded:
Recorded investment	$	357	$	—	$	1,406	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,763
Unpaid principal balance		357		—		1,406		—		—		—		—		1,763
Related allowance		70		—		894		—		—		—		—		964

With no related allowance recorded:
Recorded investment	$	82	$	4,966	$	113	$	—	$	273	$	—	$	—	$	5,434
Unpaid principal balance		82		4,966		113		—		273		—		—		5,434
Related allowance		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total:
Recorded investment	$	439	$	4,966	$	1,519	$	—	$	273	$	—	$	—	$	7,197
Unpaid principal balance		439		4,966		1,519		—		273		—		—		7,197
Related allowance		70		—		894		—		—		—		—		964

Average recorded investment	$	459	$	3,069	$	5,098	$	—	$	267	$	—	$	—	$	8,893

Interest recognized while these loans were impaired is considered immaterial to the consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

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The following table presents loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. No loans in this table had a related allowance at either date, and therefore, the below disclosures were not expanded to include loans with and without a related allowance.


	March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
			Unpaid				Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Recorded		Principal
	Investment		Balance		Investment		Balance
Commercial & Industrial	$	568	$	654	$	596	$	685
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		2,636		3,113		2,664		3,146
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		368		402		1,018		1,150
Construction and development		—		—		—		—
Residential 1‑4 family		851		1,102		863		1,124
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
	$	4,423	$	5,271	$	5,141	$	6,105

Due to the nature of these loan relationships, prepayment expectations have not been considered in the determination of future cash flows. Management regularly monitors these loan relationships, and if information becomes available that indicates expected cash flows will differ from initial expectations, it may necessitate reclassification between accretable and non-accretable components of the original discount calculation.

The following table represents the change in the accretable and non-accretable components of discounts on loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and year ended December 31, 2021:


	March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Accretable		Non-accretable		Accretable		Non-accretable
	discount		discount		discount		discount
Balance at beginning of period	$	813	$	149	$	1,250	$	176
Reclassifications between accretable and non-accretable		7		(7)		27		(27)
Accretion to loan interest income		(115)		—		(464)		—
Balance at end of period	$	705	$	142	$	813	$	149

A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) includes a loan modification where a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and we grant a concession to that borrower that we would not otherwise consider except for the borrower’s financial difficulties. These concessions may include modifications of the terms of the debt such as deferral of payments, extension of maturity, reduction of principal balance, reduction of the stated interest rate other than normal market rate adjustments, or a combination of these concessions. Debt may be bifurcated with separate terms for each tranche of the restructured debt. Restructuring a loan in lieu of aggressively enforcing the collection of the loan may benefit the Company by increasing the ultimate probability of collection.

A TDR may be either on accrual or nonaccrual status based upon the performance of the borrower and management’s assessment of collectability. If a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status, which could occur based on the same criteria as non-TDR loans, it remains there until a sufficient period of performance under the restructured terms has occurred at which it returned to accrual status, generally 6 months.

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the Company had no specific reserves for TDRs.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Bank experienced an increase in customer requests for loan modifications and payment deferrals. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) act, signed into law on March 27, 2020, allowed financial institutions the option to exempt loan modifications related to the COVID-19 pandemic that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR from consideration for TDR treatment. Modifications in the scope of the exemption include forbearance agreements, interest-rate modifications, repayment plan changes and any other similar arrangements that would delay payments of principal or interest. This relief is allowable on modifications on loans which were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019, and that occur after March 1, 2020, and before the earlier of 60 days after the date on which the national emergency related to the COVID-19 outbreak is terminated.

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The Bank had no new TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The following table presents new TDRs during the three months March 31, 2021:


		Pre-Modification		Post-Modification
	Number of	Outstanding Recorded		Outstanding Recorded
	Contracts	Investment		Investment

Commercial Real Estate	1	$	111	$	111
		$	111	$	111

NOTE 6 – MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. MSRs are recognized as separate assets when loans sold in the secondary market are sold with servicing retained. The Company utilizes a third-party consulting firm to determine an accurate assessment of the MSRs fair value. The third-party firm collects relevant data points from numerous sources. Some of these data points relate directly to the pricing level or relative value of the mortgage servicing while other data points relate to the assumptions used to derive fair value. In addition, the valuation evaluates specific collateral types, and current and historical performance of the collateral in question. The valuation process focuses on the non-distressed secondary servicing market, common industry practices and current regulatory standards. The primary determinants of the fair value of MSRs are servicing fee percentage, ancillary income, expected loan life or prepayment speeds, discount rates, costs to service, delinquency rates, foreclosure losses and recourse obligations. The valuation data also contains interest rate shock analyses for monitoring fair value changes in differing interest rate environments.

Following is an analysis of activity in the MSR asset:


	Three Months Ended		Year Ended
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Fair value at beginning of period	$	5,016	$	3,726
Servicing asset additions		269		1,862
Loan payments and payoffs		(193)		(1,319)
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions used in the valuation model		374		747
Amount recognized through earnings		450		1,290
Fair value at end of period	$	5,466	$	5,016

Unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others	$	715,599	$	705,462
Mortgage servicing rights as a percent of loans serviced for others		0.76		0.71

The primary economic assumptions utilized by the Company in measuring the value of MSRs were constant prepayment speeds of 13.8 months and discount rates of 10.3% as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

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NOTE 7 – NOTES PAYABLE

From time to time the Company utilizes FHLB advances to fund liquidity. At March 31, 2022 and December, 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding balances borrowed from the FHLB of $7.7 million and $8.0 million, respectively. The advances, rate, and maturities of FHLB advances were as follows:


				March 31,		December 31,
	Maturity	Rate		2022		2021
Fixed rate, fixed term	01/24/2022	2.51	%	$	—	$	250
Fixed rate, fixed term	05/02/2022	2.98	%		500		500
Fixed rate, fixed term	05/16/2022	0.00	%		5,000		5,000
Fixed rate, fixed term	06/08/2022	2.92	%		500		500
Fixed rate, fixed term	11/21/2022	3.02	%		600		600
Fixed rate, fixed term	11/21/2023	3.06	%		600		600
Fixed rate, fixed term	04/22/2030	0.00	%		508		508
					7,708		7,958
Adjustment due to purchase accounting					39		53
				$	7,747	$	8,011

Future maturities of borrowings were as follows:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
1 year or less	$	6,600	$	6,850
1 to 2 years		600		600
2 to 3 years		—		—
3 to 4 years		—		—
4 to 5 years		—		—
Over 5 years		508		508
	$	7,708	$	7,958

The Company maintains a $7.5 million line of credit with a commercial bank, which was entered into on May 15, 2021. There were no outstanding balances on this note at March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021. Any future borrowings will require monthly payments of interest at a variable rate, and will be due in full on May 15, 2022.

NOTE 8 – SUBORDINATED NOTES

During September 2017, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with three separate commercial banks. The Company had outstanding balances of $11.5 million under these agreements as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. These notes were all issued with 10-year maturities, carry interest at a variable rate payable quarterly, are callable on or after the sixth anniversary of the issuance dates, and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

During July 2020, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with two separate commercial banks. The Company had outstanding balances of $6.0 million under these agreements as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.0% through June 30, 2025, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after January 1, 2026 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

NOTE 9 – REGULATORY MATTERS

Banks and certain bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action.

The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, signed into law in May 2018 raised the threshold for those bank holding companies subject to the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement to $3 billion. As a result, as

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of the effective date of that change in 2018, the Company was no longer required to comply with the risk-based capital rules applicable to the Bank. The Federal Reserve may, however, require smaller bank holding companies to maintain certain minimum capital levels, depending upon general economic conditions and a bank holding company’s particular condition, risk profile and growth plans.

Under regulatory guidance for non-advanced approaches institutions, the Bank is required to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, including an additional conservation buffer determined by banking regulators. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, this buffer was 2.5%. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

Actual and required capital amounts and ratios are presented below at period-end:


													To Be Well
									Minimum Capital				Capitalized Under
					For Capital				Adequacy with				Prompt Corrective
	Actual				Adequacy Purposes				Capital Buffer				Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio

March 31, 2022
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	303,043	12.19	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	296,778	11.94	%	$	198,822	8.00	%	$	260,953	10.50	%	$	248,527	10.00	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	263,794	10.61	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	275,029	11.07	%	$	149,116	6.00	%	$	211,248	8.50	%	$	198,822	8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	263,794	10.61	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	275,029	11.07	%	$	111,837	4.50	%	$	173,969	7.00	%	$	161,542	6.50	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets):
Corporation	$	263,794	8.37	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	275,029	8.73	%	$	126,004	4.00	%	$	126,004	4.00	%	$	157,505	5.00	%
December 31, 2021
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	297,467	12.44	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	291,994	12.21	%	$	191,339	8.00	%	$	251,133	10.50	%	$	239,174	10.00	%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	259,652	10.86	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	271,679	11.36	%	$	143,505	6.00	%	$	203,298	8.50	%	$	191,339	8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Corporation	$	259,652	10.86	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	271,679	11.36	%	$	107,628	4.50	%	$	167,422	7.00	%	$	155,463	6.50	%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets):
Corporation	$	259,652	9.29	%		NA	NA			NA	NA			NA	NA
Bank	$	271,679	9.72	%	$	111,825	4.00	%	$	111,825	4.00	%	$	139,781	5.00	%

NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company enters into commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding (rate-lock commitments). Rate-lock commitments on mortgage loans that are intended to be sold are considered to be derivatives. Accordingly, such commitments, along with any related fees received from potential borrowers, are recorded at fair value in derivative assets or liabilities, with changes in fair value recorded in the net gain or loss on sale of mortgage loans. Fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements and for fixed rate commitments also considers the difference between current levels

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of interest rates and committed rates. The notional amount of rate-lock commitments at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was approximately $12.5 million and $21.9 million, respectively.

The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual or notional amount of these commitments. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon and some of the commitments may not be drawn upon to the total extent of the commitment, the notional amount of these commitments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

The following commitments were outstanding:


	Notional Amount
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021

Commitments to extend credit:
Fixed	$	82,415	$	90,036
Variable		402,758		412,095
Credit card arrangements		10,561		10,916
Letters of credit		9,706		9,062

NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value.

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) or identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

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Information regarding the fair value of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:


	Instruments		Markets		Other		Significant
	Measured		for Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	At Fair		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
March 31, 2022
Assets
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	146,110	$	—	$	146,110	$	—
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		23,843		—		23,843		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		79,897		—		79,897		—
Mortgage-backed securities		25,203		—		25,203		—
Corporate notes		20,499		—		20,499		—
Certificates of deposit		1,511		—		1,511		—
Mortgage servicing rights		5,466		—		5,466		—

December 31, 2021
Assets
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasury securities	$	49,502	$	—	$	49,502	$	—
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		26,546		—		26,546		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		86,738		—		86,738		—
Mortgage-backed securities		27,259		—		27,259		—
Corporate notes		21,102		—		21,102		—
Certificates of deposit		1,542		—		1,542		—
Mortgage servicing rights		5,016		—		5,016		—

There were no assets measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during these periods.

Information regarding the fair value of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis is as follows:


			Quoted Prices
			In Active		Significant
	Assets		Markets		Other		Significant
	Measured		for Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	At Fair		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
March 31, 2022
Impaired Loans, net of impairment reserve	$	4,117	$	—	$	—	$	4,117
December 31, 2021
OREO	$	150	$	—	$	—	$	150
Impaired Loans, net of impairment reserve		6,233		—		—		6,233
	$	6,383	$	—	$	—	$	6,383

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The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used by the Company for the items noted in the table above, including the general classification of such instruments in the fair value hierarchy. For individually evaluated impaired loans, the amount of impairment is based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, or the estimated liquidity of the note. For OREO, the fair value is based upon the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral adjusted for the expected costs to sell. The following table shows significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 assets:


					Weighted
		Unobservable	Range of		Average
	Valuation Technique	Inputs	Discounts		Discount
As of March 31, 2022
Impaired loans	Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows	Collateral discounts and discount rates	0% - 100	%	6.1	%

As of December 31, 2021
Other real estate owned	Third party appraisals, sales contracts or brokered price options	Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell	18% - 97	%	18.0	%
Impaired loans	Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows	Collateral discounts and discount rates	0% - 100	%	7.4	%

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company to estimate fair value of financial instruments.

Cash and cash equivalents — Fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Securities — The fair value measurement is obtained from an independent pricing service and is based on recent sales of similar securities and other observable market data.

Loans held for sale — Fair value is based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices.

Loans — Fair value of variable rate loans that reprice frequently are based on carrying value. Fair value of other loans is estimated by discounting future cash flows using current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings. Fair value of impaired and other nonperforming loans are estimated using discounted expected future cash flows or the fair value of the underlying collateral, if applicable.

Other investments — The carrying amount reported in the consolidated balance sheets for other investments approximates the fair value of these assets.

Mortgage servicing rights — Fair values were determined using the present value of future cash flows.

Cash value of life insurance — The carrying amount approximates its fair value.

Deposits — Fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as demand deposits, savings, and money market accounts, by definition, is the amount payable on demand on the reporting date. Fair value of fixed-rate time deposits is estimated using discounted cash flows applying interest rates currently offered on similar time deposits.

Securities sold under repurchase agreements — The fair value of securities sold under repurchase agreements with variable rates or due on demand is the amount payable at the reporting date. The fair value of securities sold under repurchase agreements with fixed terms is estimated using discounted cash flows with discount rates at interest rates currently offered for securities sold under repurchase agreements of similar remaining values.

Notes payable and subordinated notes — Rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of existing debt. Fair value of borrowings is estimated by discounting future cash flows using the current rates at which similar borrowings would be made. Fair value of borrowed funds due on demand is the amount payable at the reporting date.

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Off-balance-sheet instruments — Fair value is based on quoted market prices of similar financial instruments where available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreement and the company’s credit standing. Since this amount is immaterial, no amounts for fair value are presented.

The carrying value and estimated fair value of financial instruments at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 follows:


	Carrying
March 31, 2022	amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total

Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	107,359	$	107,359	$	—	$	—	$	107,359
Securities held to maturity		5,841		—		5,845		—		5,845
Securities available for sale		297,063		—		297,063		—		297,063
Loans held for sale		371		—		—		371		371
Loans, net		2,294,939		—		—		2,262,091		2,262,091
Other investments, at cost		19,563		—		—		19,563		19,563
Mortgage servicing rights		5,466		—		5,466		—		5,466
Cash surrender value of life insurance		32,084		32,084		—		—		32,084

Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	2,557,106	$	—	$	—	$	2,358,068	$	2,358,068
Securities sold under repurchase agreements		13,130		—		13,130		—		13,130
Notes payable		7,747		—		7,747		—		7,747
Subordinated notes		17,500		—		17,500		—		17,500


	Carrying
December 31, 2021	amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	296,860	$	296,860	$	—	$	—	$	296,860
Securities held to maturity		5,911		—		5,922		—		5,922
Securities available for sale		212,689		—		212,689		—		212,689
Loans held for sale		786		—		—		786		786
Loans, net		2,215,199		—		—		2,210,593		2,210,593
Other investments, at cost		9,004		—		—		9,004		9,004
Mortgage servicing rights		5,016		—		5,016		—		5,016
Cash surrender value of life insurance		31,897		31,897		—		—		31,897
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	2,528,440	$	—	$	—	$	2,457,287	$	2,457,287
Securities sold under repurchase agreements		41,122		—		41,122		—		41,122
Notes payable		8,011		—		8,011		—		8,011
Subordinated notes		17,500		—		17,500		—		17,500

The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Consequently, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties

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and matters that could affect the estimates. Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments.

Deposits with no stated maturities are defined as having a fair value equivalent to the amount payable on demand. This prohibits adjusting fair value derived from retaining those deposits for an expected future period of time. This component, commonly referred to as a deposit base intangible, is neither considered in the above amounts nor is it recorded as an intangible asset on the consolidated balance sheet. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets and liabilities include premises and equipment. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

NOTE 12 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

The Company has made restricted share grants pursuant to the Bank First Corporation 2011 Equity Plan and the Bank First Corporation 2020 Equity Plan, which replaced the 2011 Plan. The purpose of the Plan is to provide financial incentives for selected employees and for the non-employee Directors of the Company, thereby promoting the long-term growth and financial success of the Company. The number of shares of Company stock that may be issued pursuant to awards under the 2020 Plan shall not exceed, in the aggregate, 700,000. As of March 31, 2022, 50,867 shares of Company stock have been awarded under the 2020 Plan. Compensation expense for restricted stock is based on the fair value of the awards of Bank First Corporation common stock at the time of grant. The value of restricted stock grants that are expected to vest is amortized into expense over the vesting periods. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, compensation expense of $0.3 million was recognized related to restricted stock awards.

As of March 31, 2022, there was $3.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards granted under the plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.25 years. The aggregate grant date fair value of restricted stock awards that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2022, was approximately $1.3 million.


	For the year ended			For the year ended
	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021
		Weighted-			Weighted-
		Average Grant-			Average Grant-
	Shares	Date Fair Value		Shares	Date Fair Value
Restricted Stock
Outstanding at beginning of year	58,611	$	61.44	57,175	$	53.08
Granted	25,451		69.73	25,416		70.67
Vested	(20,785)		60.52	(21,121)		49.52
Forfeited or cancelled	(3,651)		60.50	(399)		62.79
Outstanding at end of year	59,626	$	65.87	61,071	$	61.57

NOTE 13 – LEASES

Accounting standards require lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements, establishing a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU lease asset and liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement.

Lessee Leases

The Company’s lessee leases are operating leases, and consist of leased real estate for branches. Options to extend and renew leases are generally exercised under normal circumstances. Advance notification is required prior to termination, and any noticing period is often limited to the months prior to renewal. Rent escalations are generally specified by a payment schedule, or are subject to a defined formula. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all leases, the majority of which consist of real estate common area maintenance expenses. Generally, leases do not include guaranteed residual values, but instead typically specify that the leased premises are to be returned in satisfactory condition with the Company liable for damages.

For operating leases, the lease liability and ROU asset (before adjustments) are recorded at the present value of future lease payments. Accounting standards require the use of the lease interest rate; however, this rate is typically not known. As an alternative, the use of

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an entity’s fully secured incremental borrowing rate is permitted. The Company is electing to utilize the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate on the date of lease commencement.


	Three-month period ended
	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021
Amortization of ROU Assets - Operating Leases	$	—		$	4
Interest on Lease Liabilities - Operating Leases		22			22
Operating Lease Cost (Cost resulting from lease payments)		22			26
Weighted Average Lease Term (Years) - Operating Leases		31.75			32.58
Weighted Average Discount Rate - Operating Leases		5.50	%		5.50	%

A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows to the total operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2022 is as follows:


	March 31, 2022
Operating lease payments due:
Within one year	$	86
After one but within two years		85
After two but within three years		85
After three but within four years		88
After four years but within five years		94
After five years		3,208
Total undiscounted cash flows		3,646
Discount on cash flows		(2,065)
Total operating lease liabilities	$	1,581

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in our Annual Report and with our unaudited condensed accompanying notes set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period March 31, 2022.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of and subject to the safe harbor protections of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to the Company’s assets, business, cash flows, condition (financial or otherwise), credit quality, financial performance, liquidity, short and long-term performance goals, prospects, results of operations, strategic initiatives, potential future acquisitions, disposition and other growth opportunities. These statements, which are based upon certain assumptions and estimates and describe the Company’s future plans, results, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of the words and phrases “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “goal,” “plan,” “potential,” “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “target,” “aim,” “predict,” “continue,” “seek,” “projection” and other variations of such words and phrases and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based upon current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond the Company’s control. The inclusion of these forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that such expectations, estimates and projections will be achieved. Accordingly, the Company cautions investors that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and that are beyond the Company’s control. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this report, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statement in this report including, without limitation, the risks and other factors set forth in the Company’s Registration Statements under the captions “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk factors.” Many of these factors are beyond the Company’s ability to control or predict. If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if the Company’s underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements speaks only as of the date of this report, and the Company does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict their occurrence or how they will affect the Company.

We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

OVERVIEW

Bank First Corporation is a Wisconsin corporation that was organized primarily to serve as the holding company for Bank First, N.A. Bank First, N.A., which was incorporated in 1894, is a nationally-chartered bank headquartered in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. It is a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”), and is regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”). Including its headquarters in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, the Bank has 21 banking locations in Manitowoc, Outagamie, Brown, Winnebago, Sheboygan, Waupaca, Ozaukee, Monroe, and Jefferson counties in Wisconsin. The Bank offers loan, deposit and treasury management products at each of its banking locations.

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As with most community banks, the Bank derives a significant portion of its income from interest received on loans and investments. The Bank’s primary source of funding is deposits, both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing. In order to maximize the Bank’s net interest income, or the difference between the income on interest-earning assets and the expense of interest-bearing liabilities, the Bank must not only manage the volume of these balance sheet items, but also the yields earned on interest-earning assets and the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. To account for credit risk inherent in all loans, the Bank maintains an ALL to absorb possible losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible. The Bank establishes and maintains this allowance by charging a provision for loan losses against operating earnings. Beyond its net interest income, the Bank further receives income through the net gain on sale of loans held for sale as well as servicing income which is retained on those sold loans. In order to maintain its operations and bank locations, the Bank incurs various operating expenses which are further described within the “Results of Operations” later in this section.

The Bank is a 49.8% member of a data processing subsidiary, UFS, which provides core data processing, endpoint management cloud services, cyber security and digital banking solutions for over 60 Midwest banks. The Bank, through its 100% owned subsidiary TVG Holdings, Inc., also holds a 40% ownership interest in Ansay, an insurance agency providing clients throughout Wisconsin with insurance and risk management solutions. These unconsolidated subsidiary interests contribute noninterest income to the Bank through their underlying annual earnings.

On July 12, 2019, the Company consummated its merger with Partnership pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Bank Merger, dated as of January 22, 2019 and as amended on April 30, 2019, by and among the Company and Partnership, whereby Partnership was merged with and into the Company, and Partnership Bank, Partnership’s wholly owned banking subsidiary, was merged with and into the Bank. The system integration was completed, and four branches of Partnership Bank opened on July 15, 2019 as branches of the bank, expanding the Bank’s presence into Ozaukee, Monroe and Jefferson counties.

On May 15, 2020, the Company consummated its merger with Timberwood pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Bank Merger, dated as of November 20, 2019, by and among the Company and Timberwood, whereby Timberwood was merged with and into the Company, and Timberwood Bank, Timberwood’s wholly owned banking subsidiary, was merged with and into the Bank. The system integration was completed, and the sole branch of Timberwood Bank opened on May 18, 2020 as a branch of the bank, expanding the Bank’s presence in Monroe County.

On January 18, 2022, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Denmark, a Wisconsin Corporation, pursuant to which Denmark will merge with and into the Company and Denmark's banking subsidiary, Denmark State Bank, will merge with and into the Bank. The transaction is expected to close during the third quarter of 2022 and is subject to, among other items, approval by the shareholders of both institutions and regulatory agencies. Merger consideration will consist of up to 20% cash and no less than 80% of the common stock of the Company, and will total approximately $119 million, subject to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of closing. Based on results as of March 31, 2022, the combined company would have total assets of approximately $3.61 billion, loans of approximately $2.79 billion, and deposits of approximately $3.17 billion.

The Company accounts for these transactions under the acquisition method of accounting, and thus, the financial position and results of operations of acquired institutions prior to the consummation date are not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The acquisition method of accounting required assets purchased and liabilities assumed to be recorded at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company determines the fair value of core deposit intangibles, securities, premises and equipment, loans, other assets and liabilities, deposits and borrowings with the assistance of third party valuations, appraisals, and third party advisors. The estimated fair values are subject to refinement for up to one year after the consummation as additional information becomes available relative to the closing date fair values.

The U.S. economy contracted in the first half of 2020, ending the longest expansionary period in U.S. history, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During March 2020, in an effort to lessen the impact of COVID-19 on consumers and businesses, the Federal Reserve reduced the federal funds rate 1.5 percentage points to 0.00 to 0.25 percent and the U.S. government enacted the CARES Act, the largest economic stimulus package in the nation's history. The Company responded to the pandemic, beginning in March 2020, by supporting our clients, employees, and communities with such measures as remote work capabilities and branch service enhancements, loan payment deferrals, and accelerated investments in several technology initiatives that provided more convenience and a better digital experience as clients adapted to this highly virtual environment. The Company participated in the PPP and funded approximately 2,998 loans totaling approximately $377.5 million under the programs available in both 2020 and 2021.

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Additional government spending measures and the availability of vaccines improved consumer confidence and demand, and the economy largely reopened in 2021, leading to a reduction in the unemployment rate and accelerated GDP growth. While 2021 saw a recovery in the U.S. economy compared to 2020, uncertainty and market disruptions such as additional coronavirus variants, pandemic-related supply chain issues and labor shortages persist. The economic expansion has been met with inflationary pressures that are expected to result in the Federal Open Market Committee policy tightening in 2022, which began in March 2022 and will likely include more interest rate hikes in the future. With a strong asset-sensitive balance sheet and our strong position in our markets, we expect increases in loan demand and interest rates should improve returns going forward.

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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables present certain selected historical consolidated financial data as of the dates or for the period indicated:


	At or for the Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)	3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021			6/30/2021			3/31/2021

Results of Operations:

Interest income	$	24,220		$	25,043		$	24,898		$	24,003		$	24,442
Interest expense		1,930			1,812			1,964			2,189			2,339

Net interest income		22,290			23,231			22,934			21,814			22,103
Provision for loan losses		1,200			600			650			950			900

Net interest income after provision for loan losses		21,090			22,631			22,284			20,864			21,203

Noninterest income		5,234			5,520			5,031			6,647			6,343
Noninterest expense		12,731			13,435			12,469			12,294			12,358

Income before income tax expense		13,593			14,716			14,846			15,217			15,188
Income tax expense		3,410			3,553			3,628			3,669			3,674

Net income	$	10,183		$	11,163		$	11,218		$	11,548		$	11,514

Earnings per common share - basic	$	1.34		$	1.46		$	1.46		$	1.50		$	1.49
Earnings per common share - diluted		1.34			1.46			1.46			1.50			1.49

Common Shares:

Basic weighted average		7,540,264			7,570,128			7,605,541			7,653,317			7,657,301
Diluted weighted average		7,559,844			7,595,052			7,624,791			7,668,740			7,677,976
Outstanding		7,570,766			7,616,540			7,641,771			7,688,795			7,729,216

Noninterest income / noninterest expense:

Service charges	$	1,422		$	1,574		$	1,491		$	1,596		$	1,467
Income from Ansay		826			383			756			723			725
Income from UFS		705			776			751			663			366
Loan servicing income		1,062			1,557			599			1,178			505
Net gain on sales of mortgage loans		671			1,167			1,206			2,187			2,811
Net gain (loss) on sales and valuations of other real estate owned		171			(186)			—			73			133
Other noninterest income		377			249			228			227			336

Total noninterest income	$	5,234		$	5,520		$	5,031		$	6,647		$	6,343

Personnel expense	$	7,175		$	7,307		$	6,996		$	7,121		$	7,091
Occupancy, equipment and office		1,115			950			1,070			968			1,210
Data processing		1,345			1,334			1,259			1,358			1,393
Postage, stationery and supplies		183			181			204			131			197
Net loss on sales of securities		-			-			3			-			-
Advertising		89			75			50			53			49
Charitable contributions		168			135			121			152			126
Outside service fees		1,172			776			741			804			755
Amortization of intangibles		293			352			351			351			351
Other noninterest expense		1,191			2,325			1,674			1,356			1,186

Total noninterest expense	$	12,731		$	13,435		$	12,469		$	12,294		$	12,358

Period-end balances:

Loans	$	2,316,688		$	2,235,515		$	2,208,915		$	2,225,217		$	2,228,892
Allowance for loan losses		21,749			20,315			20,237			19,547			18,531
Investment securities available-for-sale, at fair value		297,063			212,689			148,376			153,818			167,940
Investment securities held-to-maturity, at cost		5,841			5,911			5,912			5,912			5,934
Goodwill and other intangibles, net		59,099			59,392			59,743			60,095			60,561
Total assets		2,924,936			2,937,552			2,846,605			2,818,950			2,846,199
Deposits		2,557,106			2,528,440			2,472,258			2,446,654			2,448,035
Stockholders’ equity		318,303			322,653			315,262			311,430			303,442
Book value per common share		42.04			42.36			41.26			40.50			39.26
Tangible book value per common share (1)		34.24			34.56			33.44			32.69			31.42

Average balances:

Loans	$	2,271,956		$	2,207,615		$	2,218,324		$	2,247,026		$	2,196,142
Interest-earning assets		3,001,174			2,695,175			2,659,584			2,633,850			2,547,783
Total assets		3,209,202			2,901,685			2,861,959			2,835,580			2,750,471
Deposits		2,543,471			2,513,918			2,479,799			2,453,156			2,355,888
Interest-bearing liabilities		2,080,172			1,759,437			1,738,895			1,723,395			1,694,711
Goodwill and other intangibles, net		59,285			59,614			59,969			60,363			60,782
Stockholders’ equity		322,852			318,837			313,868			308,201			300,331

Financial ratios (2):

Return on average assets		1.27	%		1.53	%		1.57	%		1.63	%		1.67
Return on average common equity		12.62	%		13.89	%		14.30	%		14.99	%		15.34
Average equity to average assets		10.06	%		10.99	%		10.97	%		10.87	%		10.92
Stockholders’ equity to assets		10.88	%		10.98	%		11.08	%		11.05	%		10.66
Tangible equity to tangible assets (1)		9.04	%		9.15	%		9.17	%		9.11	%		8.72
Loan yield		4.02	%		4.25	%		4.25	%		4.13	%		4.34
Earning asset yield		3.32	%		3.74	%		3.76	%		3.71	%		3.95
Cost of funds		0.38	%		0.41	%		0.45	%		0.51	%		0.56
Net interest margin, taxable equivalent		3.06	%		3.47	%		3.47	%		3.37	%		3.57
Net loan charge-offs to average loans		-0.04	%		0.02	%		-0.01	%		0.01	%		0.00
Nonperforming loans to total loans		0.24	%		0.37	%		0.53	%		0.55	%		0.63
Nonperforming assets to total assets		0.19	%		0.28	%		0.42	%		0.45	%		0.52
Allowance for loan losses to loans		0.94	%		0.91	%		0.92	%		0.88	%		0.83

(1)	These measures are not measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, and are therefore considered to be non-GAAP financial measures. See “GAAP reconciliation and management explanation of non-GAAP financial measures” for a reconciliation of these measures to their most comparable GAAP measures.

(2)	Income statement-related ratios for partial year periods are annualized.

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GAAP RECONCILIATION AND MANAGEMENT EXPLANATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

We identify certain financial measures discussed in the Report as being “non-GAAP financial measures.” The non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Report are tangible book value per common share and tangible equity to tangible assets.

In accordance with the SEC’s rules, we classify a financial measure as being a non-GAAP financial measure if that financial measure excludes or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding or including amounts, that are included or excluded, as the case may be, in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as in effect from time to time in the United States in our statements of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows.

The non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in this Report should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the most directly comparable or other financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate the non-GAAP financial measures that we discuss in our selected historical consolidated financial data may differ from that of other companies reporting measures with similar names. You should understand how such other banking organizations calculate their financial measures similar or with names similar to the non-GAAP financial measures we have presented in our selected historical consolidated financial data when comparing such non-GAAP financial measures. The following discussion and reconciliations provide a more detailed analysis of these non-GAAP financial measures.

Tangible book value per common share and tangible equity to tangible assets are non-GAAP measures that exclude the impact of goodwill and other intangibles used by the Company’s management to evaluate capital adequacy. Because intangible assets such as goodwill and other intangibles vary extensively from company to company, we believe that the presentation of this information allows investors to more easily compare the Company’s capital position to other companies. The most directly comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP are book value per common share, return on average common equity and stockholders’ equity to total assets.


	At or for the Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)	3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021			6/30/2021			3/31/2021
Tangible Assets
Total assets	$	2,924,936		$	2,937,552		$	2,846,605		$	2,818,950		$	2,846,199
Adjustments:
Goodwill		(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,472)
Core deposit intangible, net of amortization		(3,742)			(4,035)			(4,386)			(4,738)			(5,089)
Tangible assets	$	2,865,837		$	2,878,160		$	2,786,862		$	2,758,855		$	2,785,638

Tangible Common Equity
Total stockholders’ equity	$	318,303		$	322,653		$	315,262		$	311,430		$	303,442
Adjustments:
Goodwill		(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,357)			(55,472)
Core deposit intangible, net of amortization		(3,742)			(4,035)			(4,386)			(4,738)			(5,089)
Tangible common equity	$	259,204		$	263,261		$	255,519		$	251,335		$	242,881

Book value per common share	$	42.04		$	42.36		$	41.26		$	40.50		$	39.26
Tangible book value per common share		34.24			34.56			33.44			32.69			31.42

Total stockholders’ equity to total assets		10.88	%		10.98	%		11.08	%		11.05	%		10.66
Tangible common equity to tangible assets		9.04	%		9.15	%		9.17	%		9.11	%		8.72

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021

General. Net income decreased $1.3 million to $10.2 million for three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $11.5 million for the same period in 2021. This decrease was primarily due to a slowdown in residential mortgage production during the first quarter of 2022 compared to the year earlier first quarter, and a reduction in interest income produced by PPP loans originated during 2020 and 2021, which totaled $0.7 million for the first quarter of 2022 compared to $2.4 million for the first quarter of 2021.

Net Interest Income. The management of interest income and expense is fundamental to our financial performance. Net interest income, the difference between interest income and interest expense, is the largest component of the Company’s total revenue. Management closely monitors both total net interest income and the net interest margin (net interest income divided by average earning assets). We seek to maximize net interest income without exposing the Company to an excessive level of interest rate risk

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through our asset and liability policies. Interest rate risk is managed by monitoring the pricing, maturity and repricing options of all classes of interest-bearing assets and liabilities. Our net interest margin can also be adversely impacted by the reversal of interest on nonaccrual loans and the reinvestment of loan payoffs into lower yielding investment securities and other short-term investments.

Net interest and dividend income increased by $0.2 million to $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $22.1 million for three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to growth in interest earnings assets over the last twelve months as well as a reduction in the cost of interest earning liabilities during that same time period. Total average interest-earning assets was $3.0 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022, up from $2.55 billion for the same period in 2021. Tax equivalent net interest margin decreased 0.51% to 3.06% for the three-months ended March 31, 2022, down from 3.57% for the same period in 2021. Net interest margin decreased by 0.05% due to a decrease in purchase accounting accretion quarter-over-quarter and a short-term net interest income enhancement strategy further decreased net interest margin by 0.29%, both of which added to a decrease of 0.17% in core net interest margin. This short-term net interest income enhancement strategy increased average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities by approximately $290.0 million. Net interest margin and net interest income are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include balance sheet changes on both volume and mix and pricing decisions, and external factors include changes in market interest rates, competition and the shape of the interest rate yield curve.

Interest Income. Total interest income decreased $0.2 million, or 0.9%, to $24.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $24.4 million for the same period in 2021. The decrease in total interest income was primarily due the aforementioned reduction in interest income produced by PPP loans. The average balance of interest-earning assets increased by $453.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, offsetting a reduction in yield on interest-earning assets of 0.63% between these two periods.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $0.4 million, or 17.5%, to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $2.3 million for the same period in 2021. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to the lower overall interest rate environment due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was counteracted to a certain extent by an increase of $385.5 million in interest bearing liabilities quarter-over-quarter.

Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased by $0.5 million to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 from $2.1 million for the same period in 2021. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits was 0.36% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to 0.54% for the same period in 2021.

Provision for Loan Losses. Credit risk is inherent in the business of making loans. We establish an ALL through charges to earnings, which are shown in the statements of operations as the provision for loan losses. Specifically identifiable and quantifiable known losses are promptly charged off against the allowance. The provision for loan losses is determined by conducting a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of our ALL and charging the shortfall or excess, if any, to the current quarter’s expense. This has the effect of creating variability in the amount and frequency of charges to earnings. The provision for loan losses and level of allowance for each period are dependent upon many factors, including loan growth, net charge-offs, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquencies, management’s assessment of the quality of the loan portfolio, the valuation of problem loans and the general economic conditions in our market area. The determination of the amount is complex and involves a high degree of judgment and subjectivity.

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $0.9 million for the same period in 2021. We recorded net recoveries of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to net charge offs of $27,000 for the same period in 2021. The ALL was $21.7 million, or 0.94% of total loans, at March 31, 2022 compared to $18.5 million, or 0.83% of total loans at March 31, 2021. The increased ALL coverage was the result of fewer government guaranteed loans (primarily PPP loans) as well as a reduction in total purchased loans which carry a fair value mark in lieu of a portion of the ALL until they are paid off or renewed.

Noninterest Income. Noninterest income is an important component of our total revenues. A significant portion of our noninterest income is associated with service charges and income from the Bank’s subsidiaries, Ansay and UFS. Other sources of noninterest income include loan servicing fees, gains on sales of mortgage loans, and other income from strategic alliances.

Noninterest income decreased $1.1 million to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $6.3 million for the same period in 2021. Income from our investment in Ansay increased by 13.9%. Income from our investment in UFS increased by 92.6% The added profitability of these two unconsolidated subsidiaries was offset by a significant reduction in net gains on sales of mortgage loans quarter-over-quarter as the Company, and the banking industry as a whole, saw an extreme slowdown in residential

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mortgage lending due in part to a higher interest rate environment during the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021.

The major components of our noninterest income are listed below:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change

	(In thousands)
Noninterest Income
Service Charges	$	1,422	$	1,467	$	(45)		(3)	%
Income from Ansay		826		725		101		14	%
Income from UFS		705		366		339		93	%
Loan Servicing income		1,062		505		557		110	%
Net gain on sales of mortgage loans		671		2,811		(2,140)		(76)	%
Net gain on sales and valuation of ORE		171		133		(38)		29	%
Other		377		336		41		12	%
Total noninterest income	$	5,234	$	6,343	$	(1,109)		(17)	%

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $0.3 million to $12.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $12.4 million for the same period in 2021. Occupancy expenses decreased 7.9%, the result of significant investments made to branch locations during the first quarter of 2021 to enhance safety and experience for our staff and customers that were not repeated in the first quarter of 2022. Outside service fees increased $0.4 million, or 55.2%, quarter-over-quarter, primarily as a result of $0.5 million in costs associated with the pending acquisition of Denmark.

The major components of our noninterest expense are listed below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change

	(In thousands)
(In thousands)
Noninterest Expense
Salaries, commissions, and employee benefits	$	7,175	$	7,091	$	84		1	%
Occupancy		1,115		1,210		(95)		(8)	%
Data Processing		1,345		1,393		(48)		(3)	%
Postage, stationary, and supplies		183		197		(14)		(7)	%
Advertising		89		49		40		82	%
Charitable contributions		168		126		42		33	%
Outside service fees		1,172		755		417		55	%
Amortization of intangibles		293		351		(58)		(17)	%
Other		1,191		1,186		5		0	%
Total noninterest expenses	$	12,731	$	12,358	$	373		3	%

Income Tax Expense. We recorded a provision for income taxes of $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to a provision of $3.7 million for the same period during 2021, reflecting effective tax rates of 25.1% and 24.2%, respectively. The effective tax rates were reduced from the statutory federal and state income tax rates during both periods as a result of tax-exempt interest income produced by certain qualifying loans and investments in the Bank’s portfolios.

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NET INTEREST MARGIN

Net interest income represents the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans and investments, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits and borrowings. Interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is the amount of net interest income, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate earned on earning assets is the amount of annualized taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities is equal to annualized interest expense as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.

The following tables set forth the distribution of our average assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity, and average rates earned or paid on a fully taxable equivalent basis for each of the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2022						March 31, 2021
			Interest						Interest
	Average		Income/		Rate Earned/ Paid		Average		Income/		Rate Earned/ Paid
	Balance		Expenses (1)		(1)		Balance		Expenses (1)		(1)

	(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Interest-earning assets
Loans (2)
Taxable	$	2,174,967	$	87,150	4.01	%	$	2,102,261	$	90,976	4.33	%
Tax-exempt		96,989		4,194	4.32	%		93,881		4,331	4.61	%
Securities
Taxable (available for sale)		193,300		5,225	2.70	%		100,566		2,657	2.64	%
Tax-exempt (available for sale)		84,513		2,152	2.55	%		71,283		2,259	3.17	%
Tax-exempt (held to maturity)		5,905		152	2.57	%		6,661		166	2.49	%
Cash and due from banks		445,500		716	0.16	%		173,131		158	0.09	%
Total interest-earning assets		3,001,174		99,589	3.32	%		2,547,783		100,547	3.95	%
Non interest-earning assets		228,787						220,723
Allowance for loan losses		(20,759)						(18,035)
Total assets	$	3,209,202					$	2,750,471
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing deposits
Checking accounts	$	237,785	$	272	0.11	%	$	221,489	$	256	0.12	%
Savings accounts		572,394		1,918	0.34	%		434,697		1,571	0.36	%
Money market accounts		683,401		1,915	0.28	%		626,857		2,137	0.34	%
Certificates of deposit		237,091		1,891	0.80	%		316,677		4,240	1.34	%
Brokered Deposits		11,685		338	2.89	%		18,249		516	2.83	%
Total interest bearing deposits		1,742,356		6,334	0.36	%		1,617,969		8,720	0.54	%
Other borrowed funds		337,816		1,491	0.44	%		76,742		767	1.00	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,080,172		7,825	0.38	%		1,694,711		9,487	0.56	%
Non-interest bearing liabilities
Demand Deposits		801,115						737,919
Other liabilities		5,063						17,510
Total Liabilities		2,886,350						2,450,140
Shareholders’ equity		322,852						300,331
Total liabilities & shareholders’ equity	$	3,209,202					$	2,750,471
Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis				91,764						91,060
Less taxable equivalent adjustment				(1,365)						(1,419)
Net interest income			$	90,399					$	89,641
Net interest spread (3)					2.94	%					3.39	%
Net interest margin (4)					3.06	%					3.57	%

(1).

Annualized on a fully taxable equivalent basis calculated using a federal tax rate of 21% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

(2).

Nonaccrual loans are included in average amounts outstanding.

(3).

Interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

(4).

Net interest margin represents net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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Rate/Volume Analysis

The following tables describe the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected our interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to: (i) changes attributable to changes in volumes (changes in average balance multiplied by prior year average rate) and (ii) changes attributable to changes in rate (change in average interest rate multiplied by prior year average balance), while (iii) changes attributable to the combined impact of volumes and rates have been allocated proportionately to separate volume and rate categories.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Compared with
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change in
	Volume		Rate		Total

	(dollars in thousands)
Interest income
Loans
Taxable	$	3,072	$	(6,898)	$	(3,826)
Tax-exempt		140		(277)		(137)
Securities
Taxable (AFS)		2,505		63		2,568
Tax-exempt (AFS)		379		(486)		(107)
Tax-exempt (HTM)		(19)		5		(14)
Cash and due from banks		376		182		558
Total interest income		6,454		(7,412)		(958)
Interest expense
Deposits
Checking accounts	$	19	$	(3)	$	16
Savings accounts		468		(121)		347
Money market accounts		181		(403)		(222)
Certificates of deposit		(900)		(1,449)		(2,349)
Brokered Deposits		(190)		12		(178)
Total interest bearing deposits		(422)		(1,964)		(2,386)
Other borrowed funds		1,358		(634)		724
Total interest expense		935		(2,597)		(1,662)
Change in net interest income	$	5,518	$	(4,814)	$	704

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total Assets. Total assets decreased $12.6 million, or 0.4%, to $2.92 billion at March 31, 2022, from $2.94 billion at December 31, 2021.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $189.5 million to $107.4 million at March 31, 2022 from $296.9 million at December 31, 2021, the result of significant loan growth as well as investing approximately $100.0 million in one-year treasury notes during the first quarter of 2022.

Investment Securities. The carrying value of total investment securities increased by $84.3 million to $302.9 million at March 31, 2022, from $218.6 million at December 31, 2021.

Loans. Net loans increased by $79.7 million, totaling $2.29 billion at March 31, 2022 compared to $2.21 billion at December 31, 2021.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance. At March 31, 2022, our investment in bank-owned life insurance was $32.1 million, an increase of $0.2 million from $31.9 million at December 31, 2021.

Deposits. Deposits increased $28.7 million, or 1.1%, to $2.56 billion at March 31, 2022 from $2.53 billion at December 31, 2021.

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Borrowings. At March 31, 2022, borrowings consisted of advances from the FHLB of Chicago, as well as subordinated debt to other banks. FHLB borrowings decreased to $7.7 million at March 31, 2022, from $8.0 million at December 31, 2021. Subordinated debt owed to other banks totaled $17.5 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Stockholders’ Equity. Total stockholders’ equity decreased $4.4 million, or 1.4%, to $318.3 million at March 31, 2022, from $322.7 million at December 31, 2021. Strong earnings during the quarter were offset by valuation adjustments to the Bank’s available for sale investment portfolio, which is accounted for through the comprehensive income component of equity, due to significant movements in the interest rate environment.

LOANS

Our lending activities are conducted principally in Wisconsin. The Bank makes commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans, residential real estate loans, and a variety of consumer loans and other loans. Much of the loans made by the Bank are secured by real estate collateral. The Bank’s commercial business loans are primarily made based on the cash flow of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower, with liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral typically being viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Although commercial business loans are also often collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of default is often an insufficient source of repayment. Repayment of the Bank’s residential loans are generally dependent on the health of the employment market in the borrowers’ geographic areas and that of the general economy with liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral being typically viewed as the primary source of repayment in the event of borrower default.

Our loan portfolio is our most significant earning asset, comprising 79.2% and 76.1% of our total assets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Our strategy is to grow our loan portfolio by originating quality commercial and consumer loans that comply with our credit policies and that produce revenues consistent with our financial objectives. We believe our loan portfolio is well-balanced, which provides us with the opportunity to grow while monitoring our loan concentrations.

Loans increased $81.2 million, or 3.6%, to $2.32 billion as of March 31, 2022 as compared to $2.24 billion as of December 31, 2021. This increase during the first three months of 2022 has been comprised of a decrease of $0.9 million or 0.2% in commercial and industrial loans, an increase of $32.0 million or 5.6% in owner occupied commercial real estate loans, an increase of $13.4 million or 2.5% in non-owner occupied commercial real estate, an increase of $19.3 million or 14.6% in construction and development loans, an increase of $16.3 million or 2.9% in residential 1-4 family loans and an increase of $1.0 million or 3.2% in consumer and other loans.

The following table presents the balance and associated percentage of each major category in our loan portfolio at March 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, and March 31, 2021:


	March 31,				December 31,				March 31,
	2022		% of Total		2021		% of Total		2021		% of Total

	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial & industrial	$	365,267	16	%	$	366,166	16	%	$	471,552	21	%
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		606,600	26	%		574,565	26	%		552,403	25	%
Non-owner occupied		550,256	24	%		536,892	24	%		444,044	20	%
Construction & Development		151,771	7	%		132,454	6	%		136,323	6	%
Residential 1-4 family		588,161	25	%		571,845	26	%		554,339	25	%
Consumer		33,143	1	%		32,131	1	%		29,863	1	%
Other Loans		21,490	1	%		21,461	1	%		40,368	2	%
Total Loans	$	2,316,688	100	%	$	2,235,514	100	%	$	2,228,892	100	%

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Our directors and officers and their associates are customers of, and have other transactions with, the Bank in the normal course of business. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, total loans outstanding to such directors and officers and their associates were $75.3 million and $73.5 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, $12.5 million of additions and $10.7 million of repayments were made to these loans. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, all of the loans to directors and officers were performing according to their original terms, other than standard and customary payment deferrals allowed under the CARES act, which were provided under the same terms as all other customers of the Bank.

Loan categories

The principal categories of our loan portfolio are discussed below:

Commercial and Industrial (C&I). Our C&I portfolio totaled $365.2 million and $366.2 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and represented 16% of our total loans at those dates.

Our C&I loan customers represent various small and middle-market established businesses involved in professional services, accommodation and food services, health care, financial services, wholesale trade, manufacturing, distribution, retailing and non-profits. Most clients are privately owned with markets that range from local to national in scope. Many of the loans to this segment are secured by liens on corporate assets and the personal guarantees of the principals. The regional economic strength or weakness impacts the relative risks in this loan category. There is little concentration in any one business sector, and loan risks are generally diversified among many borrowers.

Commercial Real Estate (CRE). Our CRE loan portfolio totaled $1.17 billion and $1.11 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and represented 50% of our total loans at those dates.

Our CRE loans are secured by a variety of property types including multifamily dwellings, retail facilities, office buildings, commercial mixed use, lodging and industrial and warehouse properties. We do not have any specific industry or customer concentrations in our CRE portfolio. Our commercial real estate loans are generally for terms up to ten years, with loan-to-values that generally do not exceed 80%. Amortization schedules are long term and thus a balloon payment is generally due at maturity. Under most circumstances, the Bank will offer to rewrite or otherwise extend the loan at prevailing interest rates.

Construction and Development (C&D). Our C&D loan portfolio totaled $151.8 million and $132.5 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and represented 7% and 6% of our total loans at those dates.

Our C&D loans are generally for the purpose of creating value out of real estate through construction and development work, and also include loans used to purchase recreational use land. Borrowers typically provide a copy of a construction or development contract which is subject to bank acceptance prior to loan approval. Disbursements are handled by a title company. Borrowers are required to inject their own equity into the project prior to any note proceeds being disbursed. These loans are, by their nature, intended to be short term and are refinanced into other loan types at the end of the construction and development period.

Residential 1 – 4 Family. Residential 1 – 4 family loans held in portfolio amounted to $588.2 million and $571.8 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and represented 25% and 26% of our total loans at those dates.

We offer fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans with maturities up to 30 years. One-to-four family residential mortgage loans are generally underwritten according to Fannie Mae guidelines, and we refer to loans that conform to such guidelines as “conforming loans.” We generally originate both fixed and adjustable-rate mortgage loans in amounts up to the maximum conforming loan limits as established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, which is generally $424,100 for one-unit properties. In addition, we also offer loans above conforming lending limits typically referred to as “jumbo” loans. These loans are typically underwritten to the same guidelines as conforming loans; however, we may choose to hold a jumbo loan within its portfolio with underwriting criteria that does not exactly match conforming guidelines.

We do not offer reverse mortgages nor do we offer loans that provide for negative amortization of principal, such as “Option ARM” loans, where the borrower can pay less than the interest owed on his loan, resulting in an increased principal balance during the life of the loan. We also do not offer “subprime loans” (loans that are made with low down payments to borrowers with weakened

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credit histories typically characterized by payment delinquencies, previous charge-offs, judgments, bankruptcies, or borrowers with questionable repayment capacity as evidenced by low credit scores or high debt-burden ratios) or Alt-A loans (defined as loans having less than full documentation).

Residential real estate loans are originated both for sale to the secondary market as well as for retention in the Bank’s loan portfolio. The decision to sell a loan to the secondary market or retain within the portfolio is determined based on a variety of factors including but not limited to our asset/liability position, the current interest rate environment, and customer preference. Servicing rights are retained on all loans sold to the secondary market.

We were servicing mortgage loans sold to others without recourse of approximately $715.6 million at March 31, 2022 and $705.5 million at December 31, 2021.

Loans sold with the retention of servicing assets result in the capitalization of servicing rights. Loan servicing rights are included in other assets and are carried at fair value. The net balance of capitalized servicing rights amounted to $5.5 million and 5.0 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Consumer Loans. Our consumer loan portfolio totaled $33.1 million and $32.1 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and represented 1% of our total loans at those dates. Consumer loans include secured and unsecured loans, lines of credit and personal installment loans.

Consumer loans generally have greater risk compared to longer-term loans secured by improved, owner-occupied real estate, particularly consumer loans that are secured by rapidly depreciable assets. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. As a result, consumer loan repayments are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy.

Other Loans. Our other loans totaled $21.5 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and are immaterial to the overall loan portfolio. The other loans category consists primarily of over-drafted depository accounts, loans utilized to purchase or carry securities and loans to nonprofit organizations.

Loan Portfolio Maturities.

The following tables summarize the dollar amount of loans maturing in our portfolio based on their loan type, fixed or variable rate of interest, and contractual terms to maturity at March 31, 2022. The tables do not include any estimate of prepayments, which can significantly shorten the average life of all loans and may cause our actual repayment experience to differ from that shown below.

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Demand loans, loans having no stated repayment schedule or maturity, and overdraft loans are reported as being due in one year or less.


	One Year or		One to Five		Five to Fifteen		Over Fifteen
	Less		Years		Years		Years		Total

	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial & industrial	$	91,639	$	167,496	$	100,126	$	6,006	$	365,267
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		79,621		229,102		260,606		37,271		606,600
Non-owner Occupied		31,961		239,011		270,112		9,172		550,256
Construction & Development		18,704		41,838		57,035		34,194		151,771
Residential 1-4 family		7,813		60,880		204,811		314,657		588,161
Consumer and other		4,649		29,410		17,898		2,676		54,633
Total	$	234,387	$	767,737	$	910,588	$	403,976	$	2,316,688
Fixed Rate Loans:
Commercial & industrial	$	16,907	$	113,804	$	73,359	$	5,533	$	209,603
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		34,527		190,364		126,982		10,533		362,406
Non-owner Occupied		24,489		222,952		177,213		—		424,654
Construction & Development		11,695		27,789		44,960		28,358		112,802
Residential 1-4 family		4,114		52,039		176,147		188,716		421,016
Consumer and other		3,643		28,609		17,493		2,676		52,421
Total	$	95,375	$	635,557	$	616,154	$	235,816	$	1,582,902
Floating Rate Loans:
Commercial & industrial	$	74,732	$	53,692	$	26,767	$	473	$	155,664
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		45,094		38,738		133,624		26,738		244,194
Non-owner Occupied		7,472		16,059		92,899		9,172		125,602
Construction & Development		7,009		14,049		12,075		5,836		38,969
Residential 1-4 family		3,699		8,841		28,664		125,941		167,145
Consumer and other		1,006		801		405		—		2,212
Total	$	139,012	$	132,180	$	294,434	$	168,160	$	733,786

NONPERFORMING ASSETS

In order to operate with a sound risk profile, we focus on originating loans that we believe to be of high quality. We have established loan approval policies and procedures to assist us in maintaining the overall quality of our loan portfolio. When delinquencies in our loans exist, we rigorously monitor the levels of such delinquencies for any negative or adverse trends. From time to time, we may modify loans to extend the term or make other concessions to help a borrower with a deteriorating financial condition stay current on their loan and to avoid foreclosure. We generally do not forgive principal or interest on loans or modify the interest rates on loans to rates that are below market rates. Furthermore, we are committed to collecting on all of our loans and, as a result, at times have lower net charge-offs compared to many of our peer banks. We believe that our commitment to collecting on all of our loans results in higher loan recoveries.

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Our nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans and foreclosed real estate. Nonperforming loans are those on which the accrual of interest has stopped, as well as loans that are contractually 90 days past due on which interest continues to accrue. The composition of our nonperforming assets is as follows:


	As of March 31,			As of December 31,			As of March 31,
	2022			2021			2021

	(dollars in thousands)
Nonperforming loans
Nonaccrual loans
Commercial & industrial	$	233		$	247		$	1,130
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		3,804			5,884			1,167
Non-owner Occupied		—			650			9,716
Construction & Development		18			19			280
Residential 1-4 family		431			439			1,129
Consumer and other		1			2			6
Total nonaccrual loans		4,487			7,241			13,428
Loans past due > 90 days, but still accruing
Commercial & industrial		749			738			—
Commercial real estate
Owner Occupied		—			—			—
Non-owner Occupied		—			—			—
Construction & Development		—			—			—
Residential 1-4 family		198			245			319
Consumer and other		14			16			46
Total loans past due > 90 days, but still accruing		961			999			365
Total nonperforming loans	$	5,448		$	8,240		$	13,793
OREO
Commercial real estate owned	$	—		$	—		$	875
Residential real estate owned		—			10			40
Bank property real estate owned		—			140			—
Total OREO	$	—		$	150		$	915
Total nonperforming assets ("NPAs")	$	5,448		$	8,390		$	14,708
Accruing troubled debt restructured loans	$	472		$	484		$	1,235
Ratios
Nonaccrual loans to total loans		0.19	%		0.32	%		0.60	%
NPAs to total loans plus OREO		0.24	%		0.38	%		0.66	%
NPAs to total assets		0.19	%		0.29	%		0.52	%
ALL to nonaccrual loans		485	%		281	%		138	%
ALL to total loans		0.94	%		0.91	%		0.83	%

At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, impaired loans had specific reserves of $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Nonaccrual Loans

Loans are typically placed on nonaccrual status when any payment of principal and/or interest is 90 days or more past due, unless the collateral is sufficient to cover both principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. Loans are also placed on nonaccrual status when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions, that the principal or interest will not be collectible in the normal course of business. We monitor closely the performance of our loan portfolio. In addition to the monitoring and review of loan performance internally, we have also contracted with an independent organization to review our commercial and retail loan portfolios. The status of delinquent loans, as well as situations identified as potential problems, is reviewed on a regular basis by senior management.

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Troubled Debt Restructurings

A troubled debt restructuring includes a loan modification where a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and we grant a concession to that borrower that we would not otherwise consider except for the borrower’s financial difficulties. These concessions may include modifications of the terms of the debt such as deferral of payments, extension of maturity, reduction of principal balance, reduction of the stated interest rate other than normal market rate adjustments, or a combination of these concessions. Debt may be bifurcated with separate terms for each tranche of the restructured debt. Restructuring a loan in lieu of aggressively enforcing the collection of the loan may benefit the Company by increasing the ultimate probability of collection.

A TDR may be either on accrual or nonaccrual status based upon the performance of the borrower and management’s assessment of collectability. If a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status, which would occur based on the same criteria as non-TDR loans, it remains there until a sufficient period of performance under the restructured terms has occurred at which it returned to accrual status, generally 6 months.

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the Company had specific reserves of $7,000 for TDRs, and none of them have subsequently defaulted.

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

ALL represents management’s estimate of probable and inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio. Estimating the amount of the ALL require the exercise of significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows or impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogenous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of other qualitative factors such as current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset on the consolidated balance sheets. Loan losses are charged off against the ALL, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the ALL. A provision for loan losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned, as well as other pertinent factors.

The ALL consists of specific reserves for certain individually evaluated impaired loans and general reserves for collectively evaluated non-impaired loans. Specific reserves reflect estimated losses on impaired loans from management’s analyses developed through specific credit allocations. The specific reserves are based on regular analyses of impaired, non-homogenous loans greater than $250,000. These analyses involve a high degree of judgment in estimating the amount of loss associated with specific loans, including estimating the amount and timing of future cash flows and collateral values. The general reserve is based in part on the Bank’s historical loss experience which is updated quarterly. The general reserve portion of the ALL also includes consideration of certain qualitative factors such as (1) changes in lending policies and/or underwriting practices, (2) national and local economic conditions, (3) changes in portfolio volume and nature, (4) experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff, (5) levels of and trends in past-due and nonaccrual loans and quality, (6) changes in loan review and oversight, (7) impact and effects of concentrations and (8) other issues deemed relevant.

There are many factors affecting ALL; some are quantitative while others require qualitative judgment. The process for determining the ALL (which management believes adequately considers potential factors which might possibly result in credit losses) includes subjective elements and, therefore, may be susceptible to significant change. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management estimates, additional provision for loan losses could be required that could adversely affect our earnings or financial position in future periods. Allocations of the ALL may be made for specific loans but the entire ALL is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off or for which an actual loss is realized. As an integral part of their examination process, various regulatory agencies review the ALL as well. Such agencies may require that changes in the ALL be recognized when such regulators’ credit evaluations differ from those of management based on information available to the regulators at the time of their examinations.

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The following table summarizes the changes in our ALL for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended			Year ended			Three months ended
	March 31,			December 31,			March 31,
	2022			2021			2021

	(dollars in thousands)
Balance of ALL at the beginning of period	$	20,315		$	17,658		$	17,658
Net loans charged-off (recovered):
Commercial & industrial		(2)			180			(2)
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		(74)			275			24
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		(3)			(5)			—
Construction & Development		(152)			(143)			—
Residential 1-4 family		(2)			110			(4)
Consumer		—			6			—
Other Loans		(1)			20			9
Total net loans charged-off		(234)			443			27
Provision charged to operating expense		1,200			3,100			900
Balance of ALL at end of period	$	21,749		$	20,315		$	18,531
Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans by loan composition
Commercial & industrial		0.00	%		0.05	%		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		-0.01	%		0.05	%		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		0.00	%		0.00	%		0.00	%
Construction & Development		-0.11	%		-0.11	%		0.00	%
Residential 1-4 family		0.00	%		0.02	%		0.00	%
Consumer		0.00	%		0.02	%		0.00	%
Other Loans		0.00	%		0.07	%		0.02	%
Total net charge-offs to average loans		-0.01	%		0.02	%		0.00	%

The level of charge-offs depends on many factors, including the national and regional economy. Cyclical lagging factors may result in charge-offs being higher than historical levels. Although the allowance is allocated between categories, the entire allowance is available to absorb losses attributable to all loan categories. Management believes that the current ALL is adequate.

The following table summarizes an allocation of the ALL and the related percentage of loans outstanding in each category for the periods below.


	March 31,				December 31,				March 31,
	2022				2021				2020
			% of				% of				% of
(in thousands, except %)	Amount		Loans		Amount		Loans		Amount		Loans
Loan Type:
Commercial & industrial	$	3,795	16	%	$	3,699	16	%	$	2,446	21	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		6,511	26	%		5,633	26	%		6,345	25	%
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied		5,219	24	%		5,151	24	%		3,846	20	%
Construction & Development		1,130	7	%		984	6	%		1,185	6	%
Residential 1-4 family		4,689	25	%		4,445	26	%		4,121	25	%
Consumer		230	1	%		224	1	%		201	1	%
Other Loans		175	1	%		179	1	%		387	2	%
Total allowance	$	21,749	100	%	$	20,315	100	%	$	18,531	100	%

SOURCES OF FUNDS

General. Deposits traditionally have been our primary source of funds for our investment and lending activities. We also borrow from the FHLB of Chicago to supplement cash needs, to lengthen the maturities of liabilities for interest rate risk management purposes and to manage our cost of funds. Our additional sources of funds are scheduled payments and prepayments of principal and interest on loans and investment securities and fee income and proceeds from the sales of loans and securities.

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Deposits. Our current deposit products include non-interest bearing and interest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, and certificate of deposits. As of March 31, 2022, deposit liabilities accounted for approximately 87.4% of our total liabilities and equity. We accept deposits primarily from customers in the communities in which our branches and offices are located, as well as from small businesses and other customers throughout our lending area. We rely on our competitive pricing and products, quality customer service, and convenient locations and hours to attract and retain deposits. Deposit rates and terms are based primarily on current business strategies, market interest rates, liquidity requirements and our deposit growth goals.

Total deposits were $2.56 billion and $2.53 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Noninterest-bearing deposits at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, were $798.3 million and $799.9 million, respectively, while interest-bearing deposits were $1.76 billion and $1.73 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

At March 31, 2022, we had a total of $230.6 million in certificates of deposit, including $10.7 million of brokered deposits. Based on historical experience and our current pricing strategy, we believe we will retain a majority of these accounts upon maturity, although our long-term strategy is to minimize reliance on certificates of deposits by increasing relationship deposits in lower earning savings and demand deposit accounts.

The following tables set forth the average balances of our deposits for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended				Year ended				Three months ended
	March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021				March 31, 2021
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent

	(dollars in thousands)

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	$	801,115	31.6	%	$	785,364	32.0	%	$	737,919	31.3	%
Interest-bearing checking deposits		237,785	9.3	%		209,970	8.6	%		221,489	9.4	%
Savings deposits		572,394	22.5	%		497,958	20.3	%		434,697	18.5	%
Money market accounts		683,401	26.9	%		664,591	27.1	%		626,857	26.6	%
Certificates of deposit		237,091	9.3	%		278,602	11.4	%		316,677	13.4	%
Brokered deposits		11,685	0.5	%		14,718	0.6	%		18,249	0.7	%
Total	$	2,543,471	100	%	$	2,451,203	100	%	$	2,355,888	100	%

The following table provides information on maturities of certificates of deposits which exceed FDIC insurance limits of $250,000 as of March 31,2022:


	Time Deposits over FDIC		Portion of Time Deposits in
	Insurance Limits		Excess of FDIC Insurance Limits

	(dollars in thousands)
3 months or less remaining	$	13,234	$	5,027
Over 3 to 6 months remaining		4,568		3,068
Over 6 to 12 months remaining		6,591		2,091
Over 12 months or more remaining		11,151		6,108
Total	$	35,544	$	16,294

Borrowings

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

The Company has securities sold under repurchase agreements which have contractual maturities up to one year from the transaction date with variable and fixed rate terms. The agreements to repurchase require that the Company (seller) repurchase identical securities as those that are sold. The securities underlying the agreements are under the Company’s control.

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The following table summarizes securities sold under repurchase agreements, and the weighted average interest rates paid:


	Three months ended			Year ended			Three months ended
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2021
Average daily amount of securities sold under repurchase agreements during the period	$	22,496		$	34,637		$	41,797
Weighted average interest rate on average daily securities sold under repurchase agreements		0.03	%		0.03	%		0.03	%
Maximum outstanding securities sold under repurchase agreements at any month-end	$	28,532		$	57,915		$	47,631
Securities sold under repurchase agreements at period end	$	13,130		$	41,122		$	47,631
Weighted average interest rate on securities sold under repurchase agreements at period end		0.08	%		0.02	%		0.02	%

Borrowings

The Company’s borrowings have historically consisted primarily of FHLB of Chicago advances collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Company’s FHLB capital stock and retail and commercial loans held in the Company’s portfolio. There were $7.7 million of advances outstanding from the FHLB at March 31, 2022, and $8.0 million as of December 31, 2021.

The total loans pledged as collateral were $960.9 million at March 31, 2022 and $915.5 million at December 31, 2021. There were no outstanding letters of credit from the FHLB at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes borrowings, which consist of borrowings from the FHLB, and the weighted average interest rates paid:


	Three months ended			Year ended			Three months ended
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2021
Average daily amount of borrowings outstanding during the period	$	297,820		$	11,343		$	17,444
Weighted average interest rate on average daily borrowing		0.25	%		0.33	%		0.43	%
Maximum outstanding borrowings at any month-end	$	307,756		$	15,338		$	15,338
Borrowing outstanding at period end	$	7,708		$	7,958		$	12,858
Weighted average interest rate on borrowing at period end		0.86	%		0.91	%		0.91	%

Lines of credit and other borrowings.

We maintain a $7.5 million line of credit with another commercial bank, which was entered into on May 15, 2021. There were no outstanding balances on this note at March 31, 2022. Any future borrowings will required monthly payments of interest at a variable rate, and will be due in full on May 15, 2022.

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During September 2017, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with three separate commercial banks. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, outstanding balances under these agreements totaled $11.5 million. These notes were all issued with 10-year maturities, carry interest at a variable rate payable quarterly, are callable on or after the sixth anniversary of their issuance dates, and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

During July 2020, the Company entered into subordinated note agreements with two separate commercial banks. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, outstanding balances under these agreements totaled $6.0 million. These notes were issued with 10-year maturities, will carry interest at a fixed rate of 5.0% through June 30, 2025, and at a variable rate thereafter, payable quarterly. These notes are callable on or after January 1, 2026 and qualify for Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Our securities portfolio consists of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity. Securities are classified as held to maturity or available for sale at the time of purchase. Obligations of states and political subdivisions and mortgage-backed securities, all of which are issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, make up the largest components of the securities portfolio. We manage our investment portfolio to provide an adequate level of liquidity as well as to maintain neutral interest rate-sensitive positions, while earning an adequate level of investment income without taking undue or excessive risk.

Securities available for sale consist of obligations of states and political subdivision, mortgage-backed securities, and corporate notes. Securities classified as available for sale, which management has the intent and ability to hold for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity, are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of related deferred income taxes, included in stockholders’ equity as a separate component of other comprehensive income. The fair value of securities available for sale totaled $297.1 million and included gross unrealized gains of $1.6 million and gross unrealized losses of $7.9 at March 31, 2022. At December 31, 2021, the fair value of securities available for sale totaled $212.7 million and included gross unrealized gains of $5.6 million and gross unrealized losses of $0.7 million.

Securities classified as held to maturity consist of obligations of states and political subdivisions. These securities, which management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity, are reported at amortized cost. Securities held to maturity totaled $5.9 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The Company had no sales of securities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 or March 31, 2021.

The following tables set forth the composition and maturities of investment securities as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

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					After One, But				After Five, But
	Within One Year				Within Five Years				Within Ten Years				After Ten Years				Total
			Weighted				Weighted				Weighted				Weighted				Weighted
	Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average
At March 31, 2022	Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)

	(dollars in thousands)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Treasury securities	$	99,990	1.1	%	$	5,006	1.1	%	$	44,580	1.4	%	$	—	0.0	%	$	149,576	1.2	%
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		302	0.2	%		—	0.0	%		12,857	1.4	%		12,239	1.8	%		25,398	1.6	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		—	0.0	%		4,350	3.7	%		16,489	3.4	%		60,334	3.0	%		81,173	3.1	%
Mortgage-backed securities		160	1.7	%		10,363	2.5	%		10,014	3.1	%		4,568	2.5	%		25,105	2.7	%
Corporate notes		—	0.0	%		4,975	3.3	%		14,277	3.6	%		1,328	4.9	%		20,580	3.6	%
Certificates of deposit		500	0.9	%		1,020	1.2	%		—	0.0	%		—	0.0	%		1,520	1.1	%
Total available for sale securities	$	100,952	1.1	%	$	25,714	2.5	%	$	98,217	2.2	%	$	78,469	2.8	%	$	303,352	2.0	%
Held to maturity securities
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	915	2.5	%	$	3,222	2.5	%	$	1,704	3.0	%	$	—	—	%	$	5,841	2.7	%
Total	$	101,867	1.1	%	$	28,936	2.5	%	$	99,921	2.2	%	$	78,469	2.8	%	$	309,193	2.0	%


					After One, But				After Five, But
	Within One Year				Within Five Years				Within Ten Years				After Ten Years				Total
			Weighted				Weighted				Weighted				Weighted				Weighted
	Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average		Amortized		Average
At December 31, 2021	Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)		Cost		Yield (1)

	(dollars in thousands)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Treasury securities	$	—	0.0	%	$	—	0.0	%	$	49,574	1.4	%	$	—	0.0	%		49,574	1.4	%
Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored agencies		304	0.2	%		—	0.0	%		12,967	1.4	%		13,451	1.8	%		26,722	1.6	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		—	0.0	%		4,367	3.7	%		14,587	3.4	%		64,065	3.1	%		83,019	3.2	%
Mortgage-backed securities		60	2.6	%		10,559	2.5	%		10,508	3.0	%		5,016	2.5	%		26,143	2.7	%
Corporate notes		—	0.0	%		4,972	3.3	%		14,311	3.6	%		1,477	5.1	%		20,760	3.6	%
Certificates of deposit		503	0.9	%		1,026	1.2	%		—	0.0	%		—	0.0	%		1,529	1.1	%
Total available for sale securities	$	867	0.7	%	$	20,924	2.9	%	$	101,947	2.1	%	$	84,009	2.9	%	$	207,747	2.5	%
Held to maturity securities
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	715	2.3	%	$	3,492	2.6	%	$	1,704	3.0	%	$	—	0.0	%	$	5,911	2.7	%
Total	$	1,582	1.5	%	$	24,416	2.8	%	$	103,651	2.1	%	$	84,009	2.9	%	$	213,658	2.5	%

(1)	Weighted Average Yield is shown on a fully taxable equivalent basis using a federal tax rate of 21% at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The Company evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) credit quality of individual securities and their issuers are assessed; (2) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; (3) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and (4) that the Company does not have the intent to sell the security and it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis.

As of March 31, 2022, 117 debt securities had gross unrealized losses, with an aggregate depreciation of 3.2% from our amortized cost basis. The largest unrealized loss percentage of any single security was 12.3% (or $0.3 million) of its amortized cost. The largest unrealized dollar loss of any security was $0.6 million (or 6.0%).

As of December 31, 2021, 26 debt securities had gross unrealized losses, with an aggregate depreciation of 0.98% from our amortized cost basis. The largest unrealized loss percentage of any single security was 5.31% (or $0.3 million) of its amortized cost. This was also the largest unrealized dollar loss of any single security.

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The unrealized losses on these debt securities arose primarily due to changing interest rates and are considered to be temporary.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices. Our consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. GAAP generally requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without consideration of changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of our operations. Unlike industrial companies, our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature. As a result, changes in market interest rates have a greater impact on our performance than they would on industrial companies.

Liquidity. Liquidity is defined as the Company’s ability to generate adequate cash to meet its needs for day-to-day operations and material long and short-term commitments. Liquidity is the risk of potential loss if we were unable to meet our funding requirements at a reasonable cost. We are expected to maintain adequate liquidity at the Bank to meet the cash flow requirements of customers who may be either depositors wishing to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs. Our asset and liability management policy is intended to cause the Bank to maintain adequate liquidity and, therefore, enhance our ability to raise funds to support asset growth, meet deposit withdrawals and lending needs, maintain reserve requirements and otherwise sustain our operations.

We continuously monitor our liquidity position to ensure that assets and liabilities are managed in a manner that will meet all of our short-term and long-term cash requirements. We manage our liquidity based on demand and specific events and uncertainties to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. We also monitor our liquidity requirements in light of interest rate trends, changes in the economy and the scheduled maturity and interest rate sensitivity of the investment and loan portfolios and deposits. Our objective in managing liquidity is to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers as well as to increase earnings enhancement opportunities in a changing marketplace.

Our liquidity is maintained through investment portfolio, deposits, borrowings from the FHLB, and lines available from correspondent banks. Our highest priority is placed on growing noninterest bearing deposits through strong community involvement in the markets that we serve. Borrowings and brokered deposits are considered short-term supplements to our overall liquidity but are not intended to be relied upon for long-term needs. We believe that our present position is adequate to meet our current and future liquidity needs, and management knows of no trend or event that will have a material impact on the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity at satisfactory levels.

Capital Adequacy. Total stockholders’ equity was $318.3 million at March 31, 2022 compared to $322.7 million at December 31, 2021.

Our capital management consists of providing adequate equity to support our current and future operations. The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies, including the Federal Reserve and the OCC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements may prompt certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measure of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and the classifications are also subject to qualitative judgment by the regulator in regard to components, risk weighting and other factors.

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The Bank is subject to the following risk-based capital ratios: a common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) risk-based capital ratio, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, which includes CET1 and additional Tier 1 capital, and a total capital ratio, which includes Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. CET1 is primarily comprised of the sum of common stock instruments and related surplus net of treasury stock, retained earnings, and certain qualifying minority interests, less certain adjustments and deductions, including with respect to goodwill, intangible assets, mortgage servicing assets and deferred tax assets subject to temporary timing differences. Additional Tier 1 capital is primarily comprised of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, tier 1 minority interests and grandfathered trust preferred securities. Tier 2 capital consists of instruments disqualified from Tier 1 capital, including qualifying subordinated debt, other preferred stock and certain hybrid capital instruments, and a limited amount of loan loss reserves up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, subject to certain eligibility criteria. The capital rules also define the risk-weights assigned to assets and off-balance sheet items to determine the risk-weighted asset components of the risk-based capital rules, including, for example, certain “high volatility” commercial real estate, past due assets, structured securities and equity holdings.

The leverage capital ratio, which serves as a minimum capital standard, is the ratio of Tier 1 capital to quarterly average assets net of goodwill, certain other intangible assets, and certain required deduction items. The required minimum leverage ratio for all banks is 4%.

Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet minimum capital requirements could result in certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have an adverse material effect on our operations or financial condition. For example, only a well-capitalized depository institution may accept brokered deposits without prior regulatory approval. Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet minimum capital requirements could also result in restrictions on the Bank’s ability to pay dividends or otherwise distribute capital or to receive regulatory approval of applications or other restrictions on its growth.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), among other things, requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to take “prompt corrective action” regarding depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. FDICIA establishes five regulatory capital tiers: “well capitalized”, “adequately capitalized”, “undercapitalized”, “significantly undercapitalized”, and “critically undercapitalized”. A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare to various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. FDICIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. The FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive restraints on operations, management and capital distributions, depending on the category in which an institution is classified. Undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to restrictions on borrowing from the Federal Reserve System. In addition, undercapitalized depository institutions may not accept brokered deposits absent a waiver from the FDIC, are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit capital restoration plans for regulatory approval. A depository institution’s holding company must guarantee any required capital restoration plan, up to an amount equal to the lesser of 5 percent of the depository institution’s assets at the time it becomes undercapitalized or the amount of the capital deficiency when the institution fails to comply with the plan. Federal banking agencies may not accept a capital plan without determining, among other things, that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely to succeed in restoring the depository institution’s capital. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is significantly undercapitalized. All of the federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted regulations establishing relevant capital measures and relevant capital levels for federally insured depository institutions. The Bank was well capitalized at December 31, 2018, and brokered deposits are not restricted.

To be well-capitalized, the Bank must maintain at least the following capital ratios:

●	6.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets;

●	8.0% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets;

●	10.0% Total capital to risk-weighted assets; and

●	5.0% leverage ratio.

The Bank’s regulatory capital ratios were above the applicable well-capitalized standards and met the then-applicable capital conservation buffer. Based on current estimates, we believe that the Bank will continue to exceed all applicable well-capitalized regulatory capital requirements and the capital conservation buffer in 2019.

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The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the “Economic Growth Act”) signed into law in May 2018 scaled back certain requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act and provided other regulatory relief. Among the provisions of the Economic Growth Act was a requirement that the Federal Reserve raise the asset threshold for those bank holding companies subject to the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement (“Policy Statement”) to $3 billion. As a result, as of the effective date of that change in 2018, the Company was no longer required to comply with the risk-based capital rules applicable to the Bank as described above. The Federal Reserve may however, require smaller bank holding companies subject to the Policy Statement to maintain certain minimum capital levels, depending upon general economic conditions and a bank holding company’s particular condition, risk profile and growth plans.

As a result of the Economic Growth Act, the federal banking agencies were also required to develop a “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s Tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A “qualifying community bank” that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under prompt corrective action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institutions risk profile when evaluation whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The federal banking agencies set the minimum capital for the new Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 9%. The Bank does not intend to opt into the Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework.

On December 21, 2018, federal banking agencies issued a joint final rule to revise their regulatory capital rules to (i) address the upcoming implementation of the “current expected credit losses” (“CECL”) accounting standard under GAAP; (ii) provide an optional three-year phase-in period for the day-one adverse regulatory capital effects that banking organizations are expected to experience upon adopting CECL; and (iii) require the use of CECL in stress tests beginning with the 2020 capital planning and stress testing cycle for certain banking organizations. for more information regarding Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, which introduced CECL as the methodology to replace the current “incurred loss” methodology for financial assets measured at amortized cost, and changed the approaches for recognizing and recording credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased credit impaired financial assets, including the required implementation date for the Company, see the Company’s Annual Report.

Federal banking regulators have issued risk-based capital guidelines, which assign risk factors to asset categories and off-balance-sheet items. The following table reflects capital ratios computed utilizing the implemented Basel III regulatory capital framework discussed above:


								Minimum Capital Required			Minimum To Be Well-
					Minimum Capital			for Capital Adequacy Plus			Capitalized Under prompt
					Required for Capital			Capital Conservation Buffer			corrective Action
	Actual				Adequacy			Basel III Phase-In Schedule			Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount	Ratio		Amount	Ratio		Amount	Ratio

	(dollars in thousands)
At March 31, 2022
Bank First Corporation:
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	303,043	12.2	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		263,794	10.6	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		263,794	10.6	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Tier I capital (to average assets)		263,794	8.4	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank First, N.A:
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	296,778	11.9	%	198,822	8.0	%	260,953	10.5	%	248,527	10.0	%
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		275,029	11.1	%	149,116	6.0	%	211,248	8.5	%	198,822	8.0	%
Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		275,029	11.1	%	111,837	4.5	%	173,969	7.0	%	161,542	6.5	%
Tier I capital (to average assets)		275,029	8.7	%	126,004	4.0	%	126,004	4.0	%	157,505	5.0	%
At December 31, 2021
Bank First Corporation:
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	297,467	12.4	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		259,652	10.9	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		259,652	10.9	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Tier I capital (to average assets)		259,652	9.3	%	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank First, N.A:
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	291,994	12.2	%	191,339	8.0	%	251,133	10.50	%	239,174	10.0	%
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		271,679	11.4	%	143,505	6.0	%	203,298	8.50	%	191,339	8.0	%
Common equity tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)		271,679	11.4	%	107,628	4.5	%	167,422	7.00	%	155,463	6.5	%
Tier I capital (to average assets)		271,679	9.7	%	111,825	4.0	%	111,825	4.00	%	139,781	5.0	%

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As previously mentioned, the Company carried $17.5 million of subordinated debt as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which is included in total capital for the Company in the tables above.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK

We are party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments primarily include commitments to originate and sell loans, standby and direct pay letters of credit, unused lines of credit and unadvanced portions of construction and development loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in these particular classes of financial instruments.

Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for loan commitments, standby and direct pay letters of credit and unadvanced portions of construction and development loans is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. Our significant off-balance-sheet arrangements consist of the following:

●	Unused lines of credit

●	Standby and direct pay letters of credit

●	Credit card arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangement means any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement to which an entity unconsolidated with the registrant is a party, under which the registrant has (1) any obligation under a guarantee contract, (2) retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar arrangement, (3) any obligation, including a contingent obligation, under a contract that would be accounted for as a derivative instrument, or (4) any obligation, including a contingent obligation, arising out of a variable interest.

Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of our customers. Standby and direct pay letters of credit commit us to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. Both arrangements have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to clients and are subject to our normal credit policies. Collateral (e.g., securities, receivables, inventory, equipment, etc.) is obtained based on management’s credit assessment of the customer.

Loan commitments and standby and direct pay letters of credit do not necessarily represent our future cash requirements because while the borrower has the ability to draw upon these commitments at any time, these commitments often expire without being drawn upon. Our off-balance sheet arrangements at the dates indicated were as follows:


	Amounts of Commitments Expiring - By Period as of March 31, 2022
			Less Than One		One to Three		Three to Five
Other Commitments	Total		Year		Years		Years		After Five Years

	(dollars in thousands)
Unused lines of credit	$	485,173	$	218,828	$	68,931	$	56,472	$	140,942
Standby and direct pay letters of credit		9,706		7,267		1,963		473		3
Credit card arrangements		10,561		—		—		—		10,561
Total commitments	$	505,440	$	226,095	$	70,894	$	56,945	$	151,506


	Amounts of Commitments Expiring - By Period as of December 31, 2021
			Less Than		One to		Three to		After Five
Other Commitments	Total		One Year		Three Years		Five Years		Years

	(dollars in thousands)
Unused lines of credit	$	502,131	$	235,004	$	72,240	$	54,594	$	140,293
Standby and direct pay letters of credit		9,062		7,172		1,414		473		3
Credit card arrangements		10,916		—		—		—		10,916
Total commitments	$	522,109	$	242,176	$	73,654	$	55,067	$	151,212

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. Our market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in its lending, investment and deposit-taking activities. To that end, management actively monitors and manages its interest rate risk exposure.

Our profitability is affected by fluctuations in interest rates. A sudden and substantial change in interest rates may adversely impact our earnings to the extent that the interest rates borne by assets and liabilities do not change at the same speed, to the same extent or on the same basis. We monitor the impact of changes in interest rates on its net interest income using several tools.

Our primary objective in managing interest rate risk is to minimize the adverse impact of changes in interest rates on our net interest income and capital, while configuring our asset-liability structure to obtain the maximum yield-cost spread on that structure. We rely primarily on our asset-liability structure to control interest rate risk.

Interest Rate Sensitivity. Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings and value arising from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from timing differences in the repricings and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (repricing risk), changes in the expected maturities of assets and liabilities arising from embedded options, such as borrowers’ ability to prepay home mortgage loans at any time and depositors’ ability to redeem certificates of deposit before maturity (option risk), changes in the shape of the yield curve where interest rates increase or decrease in a nonparallel fashion (yield curve risk), and changes in spread relationships between different yield curves, such as U.S. Treasuries and LIBOR (basis risk).

An asset sensitive position refers to a balance sheet position in which an increase in short-term interest rates is expected to generate higher net interest income, as rates earned on our interest-earning assets would reprice upward more quickly than rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities, thus expanding our net interest margin. Conversely, a liability sensitive position refers to a balance sheet position in which an increase in short-term interest rates is expected to generate lower net interest income, as rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities would reprice upward more quickly than rates earned on our interest-earning assets, thus compressing our net interest margin.

The Company actively manages its interest rate sensitivity position. The objectives of interest rate risk management are to control exposure of net interest income to risks associated with interest rate movements and to achieve sustainable growth in net interest income. The Company’s ALCO, using policies and procedures approved by the Company’s board of directors, is responsible for the management of the Company’s interest rate sensitivity position. The Company manages interest rate sensitivity by changing the mix, pricing and re-pricing characteristics of its assets and liabilities, through the management of its investment portfolio, its offerings of loan and selected deposit terms and through wholesale funding. Wholesale funding consists of, but is not limited to, multiple sources including borrowings with the FHLB of Chicago, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago’s discount window and certificates of deposit from institutional brokers.

The Company uses several tools to manage its interest rate risk including interest rate sensitivity analysis, or gap analysis, market value of portfolio equity analysis, interest rate simulations under various rate scenarios and net interest margin reports. The results of these reports are compared to limits established by the Company’s ALCO policies and appropriate adjustments are made if the results are outside the established limits.

There are an infinite number of potential interest rate scenarios, each of which can be accompanied by differing economic/political/regulatory climates; can generate multiple differing behavior patterns by markets, borrowers, depositors, etc.; and, can last for varying degrees of time. Therefore, by definition, interest rate risk sensitivity cannot be predicted with certainty. Accordingly, the Company’s interest rate risk measurement philosophy focuses on maintaining an appropriate balance between theoretical and practical scenarios; especially given the primary objective of the Company’s overall asset/liability management process is to facilitate meaningful strategy development and implementation.

Therefore, we model a set of interest rate scenarios capturing the financial effects of a range of plausible rate scenarios; the collective impact of which will enable the Company to clearly understand the nature and extent of its sensitivity to interest rate changes. Doing so necessitates an assessment of rate changes over varying time horizons and of varying/sufficient degrees such that the impact of embedded options within the balance sheet are sufficiently examined.

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The following tables demonstrate the annualized result of an interest rate simulation and the estimated effect that a parallel interest rate shift, or “shock,” in the yield curve and subjective adjustments in deposit pricing might have on the Company’s projected net interest income over the next 12 months.

This simulation assumes that there is no growth in interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities over the next 12 months. The changes to net interest income shown below are in compliance with the Company’s policy guidelines. As of March 31, 2022:


Change in Interest Rates		Percentage Change in
(in Basis Points)		Net Interest Income
+400		2.6%
+300		2.5%
+200		2.2%
+100		1.5%
-100		(2.7)%

As of December 31, 2021:


Change in Interest Rates		Percentage Change in
(in Basis Points)		Net Interest Income
+400		9.3%
+300		7.6%
+200		6.2%
+100		3.6%
-100		(4.3)%

Economic Value of Equity Analysis. We also analyze the sensitivity of the Company’s financial condition to changes in interest rates through our economic value of equity model. This analysis measures the difference between estimated changes in the present value of the Company’s assets and estimated changes in the present value of the Company’s liabilities assuming various changes in current interest rates. The Company’s economic value of equity analysis as of March 31, 2022 estimated that, in the event of an instantaneous 200 basis point increase in interest rates, the Company would experience a 4.3% increase in the economic value of equity. At the same date, our analysis estimated that, in the event of an instantaneous 100 basis point decrease in interest rates, the Company would experience a 6.7% decrease in the economic value of equity. The estimates of changes in the economic value of our equity require us to make certain assumptions including loan and mortgage-related investment prepayment speeds, reinvestment rates, and deposit maturities and decay rates. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, we cannot precisely predict the impact of changes in interest rates on the economic value of our equity. Although our economic value of equity analysis provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such estimates are not intended to, and do not, provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on the economic value of our equity and will differ from actual results.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), undertook an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report, and, based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report, in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting in a timely manner the information that the Company is required to disclose in its reports under the Exchange Act and in accumulating and communicating to the Company’s management, including the Company’s CEO and CFO, such information as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No changes were made to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are a party to various litigation in the normal course of business. Management, after consulting with our legal counsel, believes that any liability resulting from litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Additional information regarding risk factors appears in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Forward-Looking Statements” of this Form 10-Q and in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no material changes during the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022 to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report.

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a)

None.

(b)

None.

(c)

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On April 20, 2021, the Company reactivated its share repurchase program, pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $12 million of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, for a period of one (1) year, ending on April 19, 2022. The program was announced in a Current Report on Form 8-K on April 20, 2021. The table below sets forth information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the first quarter of 2022 under that program as well as pursuant to the 2020 Equity Plan and other repurchases.


					Total Number	Maximum Number
					of Shares Repurchased as	of Shares
					Part of	that May Yet Be
	Total Number of Shares		Average Price Paid per		Publicly Announced	Purchased Under the
(in thousands, except per share data)	Repurchased		Share⁽¹⁾		Plans or Programs	Plans or Programs⁽²⁾
January 2022	2,551		$	70.84	2,551	55,699
February 2022	26,751			70.89	26,751	28,948
March 2022	38,793	⁽³⁾		71.09	28,948	0
Total	68,095		$	70.94	0	0

(1)

The average price paid per share is calculated on a trade date basis for all open market transactions and excludes commissions and other transaction expenses.

(2)

Based on the closing per share price as of March 31, 2022 ($71.99).

(3)

Includes shares repurchased by the Company from employees in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Index


Exhibit Number		Description

31.1		Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer*
31.2		Rules 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*
32.1		Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer**
101 INS		XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*Filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		BANK FIRST CORPORATION


DATE:	May 10, 2022	BY:	/s/Kevin M. LeMahieu
			Kevin M. LeMahieu
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)