BIMINI CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. - Annual Report: 2006 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C.
20549
FORM
10-K
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
Commission
File Number: 001-32171
OPTEUM
INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland
|
72-1571637
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
incorporation
or organization)
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
Identification
No.)
|
3305
Flamingo Drive, Vero Beach, FL 32963
|
|
(Address
of principal executive offices - Zip Code)
|
|
772-231-1400
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(Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code)
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title
of Each Class
|
Name
of Each Exchange on Which Registered
|
Class
A Common Stock, $0.001 par value
|
New
York Stock Exchange
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨
No
ý
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant
to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨
No
ý
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý
No
¨
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best
of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934).
Large
accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated
filer ý Non-accelerated
filer ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨
No
ý
As
of
March 7, 2007, there were 24,556,219 shares of the Registrant’s Class A Common
Stock outstanding. The aggregate market value of the Class A Common Stock,
held
by non-affiliates of the Registrant (22,120,505 shares) at June 30, 2006
was
approximately $199.5 million. The aggregate market value was calculated by
using
the closing price of the Class A Common Stock as of that date on the New
York
Stock Exchange. As of June 30, 2006, all of the Registrant’s Class B Common
Stock was held by affiliates of the Registrant. As of June 30, 2006, the
aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Class C Common Stock held by
non-affiliates (319,388 shares) was $319, which value is based on the initial
purchase price of the Class C Common Stock.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
are
incorporated
by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OPTEUM INC.
INDEX
PART
I
|
|
ITEM
1. Business.
|
4
|
ITEM
1A. Risk Factors
|
23
|
ITEM
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
|
39
|
ITEM
2. Properties.
|
39
|
ITEM
3. Legal Proceedings.
|
39
|
ITEM
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
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39
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PART
II
|
|
ITEM
5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters
and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
|
39
|
ITEM
6. Selected Financial Data.
|
42
|
ITEM
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results
of Operations.
|
44
|
ITEM
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk.
|
64
|
ITEM
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
|
72
|
ITEM
9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting
and
Financial Disclosure.
|
115
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ITEM
9A. Controls and Procedures.
|
115
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ITEM
9B. Other Information.
|
116
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PART
III
|
|
ITEM
10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate
Governance..
|
116
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ITEM
11. Executive Compensation.
|
117
|
ITEM
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
and
Related Stockholder Matters.
|
117
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ITEM
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence.
|
117
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ITEM
14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
|
117
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PART
IV
|
|
ITEM
15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
|
117
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PART
I
ITEM
1. BUSINESS.
CORPORATE
HISTORY
Opteum
Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Opteum”), was originally formed in September 2003
as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. (“Bimini”) for
the
purpose creating and managing a leveraged investment portfolio consisting
of
residential mortgage backed securities (“MBS”). Opteum’s shares of Class A
Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and trade under
the ticker symbol “OPX.” Opteum’s website is located at
http://www.opteum.com.
On
November 3, 2005, Opteum, then known as Bimini, acquired Opteum
Financial Services, LLC (“OFS”), a company that originates,
buys, sells, and services residential mortgages from offices throughout the
United States. Upon closing of the transaction, OFS became a wholly-owned
taxable REIT subsidiary of Bimini. Under the terms of the transaction, Bimini
issued 3,717,242 shares of Class A Common Stock and 1,223,208 shares of Class
A
Redeemable Preferred Stock to the former members of OFS. Bimini also agreed
to a
contingent earn-out of up to $17.5 million payable to the former members
of OFS
on or before November 3, 2010, in cash or, under certain circumstances,
additional shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock. The contingent earn-out
is based on the achievement by OFS of certain specific financial objectives.
On
February 10, 2006, in an effort to more fully leverage OFS’s national brand
identity, Bimini changed its name to Opteum Inc. At Opteum’s 2006 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders, the shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock issued
to the
former members of OFS were converted into shares of Opteum’s Class A Common
Stock on a one-for-one basis following the approval of such conversion by
Opteum’s stockholders.
On
December 21, 2006, Opteum sold to Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.
(“Citigroup Realty”) a Class B non-voting limited liability company membership
interest in OFS, representing 7.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited liability
company membership interests. Immediately following the transaction, Opteum
held
Class A voting limited liability company membership interests in OFS
representing 92.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited liability company
membership interests. In connection with the transaction, Opteum also granted
Citigroup Realty the option, exercisable on or before December 20, 2007,
to
acquire additional Class B non-voting limited liability company membership
interests in OFS representing 7.49% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited
liability company membership interests.
Opteum
has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a REIT, Opteum is
generally not subject to federal income tax on its REIT taxable income provided
that it distributes to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable
income
on an annual basis. OFS
has
elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary and, as such, is subject
to
federal, state and local income taxation. In addition, the ability of OFS
to
deduct interest paid or accrued to Opteum for federal, state and local tax
purposes is subject to certain limitations.
As
used
in this document, references to “Opteum,” the parent company, the registrant,
and to REIT qualifying activities or the general management of Opteum Inc.’s
investment portfolio of residential mortgage backed securities (“MBS”) refer
solely to “Opteum Inc.” Further, as used in this document, references to “OFS,”
Opteum’s taxable REIT subsidiary or non-REIT eligible assets refer solely to
Opteum Financial Services, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries. References
to
the “Company” refer to Opteum and OFS on a consolidated basis. The assets and
activities that are not REIT eligible, such as mortgage origination, acquisition
and servicing activities, are conducted by OFS.
DESCRIPTION
OF BUSINESS
The
Company’s operations are comprised of two basic business segments: Opteum’s MBS
Portfolio and OFS’s Mortgage Banking Activities. Reference is made to Note 18,
“Segment Information,” under Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data” of this Form 10-K for financial information relating to each of these
segments.
OPTEUM’S
MBS PORTFOLIO
Opteum’s
MBS portfolio is a leveraged investment portfolio consisting primarily, but
not
exclusively, of residential MBS issued by the Federal National Mortgage
Association (more commonly known as Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation (more commonly known as Freddie Mac) and the Government National
Mortgage Association (more commonly known as Ginnie Mae). To fund the
acquisition of MBS, Opteum uses repurchase agreements to essentially borrow
between eight and twelve times its equity capital. Opteum then attempts to
earn
an investment return based on the spread between the yield on its MBS portfolio
assets and its borrowing costs.
In
evaluating its MBS portfolio assets and their performance, Opteum’s management
team primarily evaluates the following critical factors:
·
|
asset
performance in differing interest rate environments,
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·
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duration
of the particular MBS asset,
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·
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yield
to maturity,
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·
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potential
for prepayment of principal, and
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·
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the
market price of the investment.
|
As
of
December 31, 2006 Opteum’s portfolio of mortgage related securities totaled
$2.8 billion and was comprised of 75.0% adjustable-rate MBS, 20.9%
fixed-rate MBS, 2.7% hybrid adjustable-rate MBS (securities backed by mortgages
with fixed initial rates which, after a period, convert to adjustable rates)
and
1.4% balloon maturity MBS (securities backed by mortgages where a significant
portion of principal is repaid only at maturity). Of this portfolio, 67.2% was
issued by Fannie Mae, 17.8% was issued by Freddie Mac and 15.1% was issued
by
Ginnie Mae.
Opteum’s
$2.8 billion mortgage related securities portfolio had a weighted average
yield
of 4.77% as of December 31, 2006. Opteum’s net weighted average borrowing
cost as of December 31, 2006 was 5.31%. The constant prepayment rate for
the portfolio was 25.12% for December 2006, which reflects the annualized
proportion of principal that was prepaid. The effective duration for the
portfolio was 1.02 as of December 31, 2006. Duration measures the price
sensitivity of a fixed income security to movements in interest rates. Effective
duration captures both the movement in interest rates and the fact that the
cash
flows of a mortgage related security are altered when interest rates move.
Risk
Management Approach
Opteum
seeks to differentiate itself from other mortgage portfolio managers through
its
approach to risk management. It invests in a limited universe of mortgage
related securities, primarily, but not limited to, those issued by Fannie
Mae,
Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae. Payment of principal and interest underlying
securities issued by Ginnie Mae is guaranteed by the U.S. Government. Fannie
Mae
and Freddie Mac mortgage related securities are guaranteed as to payment
of
principal and interest by the respective agency issuing the security. Opteum
seeks to manage the risk of prepayments of the underlying mortgages by creating
a diversified portfolio with a variety of prepayment characteristics. Finally,
Opteum seeks to address interest rate risks by managing the interest rate
indices and borrowing periods of its debt, as well as through hedging against
interest rate changes.
Opteum
has implemented a risk-based capital methodology patterned on the general
principles underlying the proposed risk-based capital standards for
internationally active banks of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision,
commonly referred to as the Basel II Accord. The Basel II Accord encourages
banks to develop methods for measuring the risks of their banking activities
to
determine the amount of capital required to support those risks. Similarly,
Opteum uses its methodology to calculate an internally generated risk measure
for each asset in its portfolio. This measure is then used to establish an
appropriate amount of leverage. Opteum expects its risk management program
to
reduce its need to use hedging techniques.
Investment
Strategy
The
Company's Board of Directors may change its investment strategy without prior
notice to its stockholders or the approval of its stockholders.
Asset
Acquisition Strategy
The
primary assets in Opteum’s current portfolio of mortgage related securities are
adjustable-rate MBS, fixed-rate MBS, hybrid adjustable-rate MBS and balloon
maturity MBS. The mortgage related securities that Opteum most typically
acquires are obligations issued by federal agencies or federally chartered
entities, primarily Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae. Owing to actions
by
the Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve, Opteum’s current portfolio has
been skewed to a greater concentration of adjustable rate MBS.
Opteum
seeks to minimize the effects on its income caused by prepayments on the
mortgage loans underlying its securities at a rate materially different than
anticipated. Its portfolio includes securities with prepayment characteristics
that it expects to result in less interest rate sensitive and, therefore,
more
stable prepayments, such as pools of mortgage-backed securities collateralized
by mortgages with low loan balances.
Borrowers
with low loan balances have a lower economic incentive to refinance and have
historically prepaid at lower rates than borrowers with larger loan balances.
The reduced incentive to refinance has two parts: borrowers with low loan
balances will have smaller interest savings because overall interest payments
are smaller on their loans; and closing costs for refinancings, which are
generally not proportionate to the size of a loan, make refinancing of smaller
loans less attractive as it takes a longer period of time for the interest
savings to cover the cost of refinancing.
Fannie
Mae's Expanded Approval Program allows borrowers with slightly impaired credit
histories or loan-to-value ratios greater than 80% to qualify for conventional
conforming financing. Borrowers under this program have proportionately higher
delinquency rates than typical Fannie Mae borrowers, resulting in a higher
than
market interest rate because of the increased default and delinquency risk.
Prepayment rates on these securities are lower than average because refinancing
is more difficult for delinquent or recently delinquent loans.
Agency
pools collateralized by loans against investment properties generally result
in
slower prepayments because borrowers financing investment properties are
required to pay an up front premium. Payment of this premium requires a larger
rate movement for the borrower to achieve the same relative level of savings
upon refinancing.
Opteum
has created and will maintain a diversified portfolio to avoid undue geographic,
loan originator, and other types of concentrations. By maintaining essentially
all of its assets in AAA rated, government or government-sponsored or chartered
enterprises and government or federal agencies, which may include an implied
guarantee of the federal government as to payment of principal and interest,
Opteum believes it can significantly reduce its exposure to losses from credit
risk. It intends to acquire assets that will enable it to be exempt from
the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
Legislation
may be proposed to change the relationship between certain agencies, such
as
Fannie Mae and the federal government. This may have the effect of reducing
the
actual or perceived credit quality of mortgage related securities issued
by
these agencies. As a result, such legislation could increase the risk of
loss on
investments in Fannie Mae and/or Freddie Mac MBS. Opteum currently intends
to
continue to invest in such securities, even if such agencies' relationships
with
the federal government change.
Leverage
Strategy
Opteum
uses leverage in an attempt to increase potential returns to its stockholders.
However, the use of leverage may also have the effect of increasing losses
when
economic conditions are unfavorable. Opteum generally borrows between eight
and
twelve times the amount of its equity, although its investment policies require
no minimum or maximum leverage. For purposes of this calculation, Opteum
treats
its trust preferred securities as an equity capital equivalent. It uses
repurchase agreements to borrow against existing mortgage related securities
and
uses the proceeds to acquire additional mortgage related securities.
Opteum
seeks to structure the financing in such a way as to limit the effect of
fluctuations in short-term rates on its interest rate spread. In general,
Opteum's borrowings are short-term and it actively manages, on an aggregate
basis, both the interest rate indices and interest rate adjustment periods
of
its borrowings against the interest rate indices and interest rate adjustment
periods on its mortgage related securities in order to limit its liquidity
and
interest rate related risks. Opteum may also employ borrowings under longer
term
facilities.
Opteum
generally borrows at short-term rates from various lenders through various
contractual agreements including, repurchase agreements. Opteum has issued
approximately $103.1 million of long-term junior unsecured notes, callable
at
any time after five years, called trust preferred securities. As of
December 31, 2006, Opteum’s debt to equity ratio (where debt equals all
repurchase transactions outstanding plus trust preferred securities and equity
equals stockholders’ equity plus trust preferred securities) was 9.6:1.
Repurchase agreements at that date totaled $2.7 billion. Repurchase
agreements are generally, but not always, short-term in nature. Under these
repurchase agreements, Opteum sells securities to a lender and agrees to
repurchase those securities in the future for a price that is higher than
the
original sales price. The difference between the sales price Opteum receives
and
the repurchase price it pays represents interest paid to the lender. This
is
determined by reference to an interest rate index (such as the London Interbank
Office Rate or, LIBOR) plus an interest rate spread. Although structured
as a
sale and repurchase obligation, a repurchase agreement operates as a financing
under which Opteum effectively pledges its securities as collateral to secure
a
short-term loan equal in value to a specified percentage of the market value
of
the pledged collateral. Opteum retains beneficial ownership of the pledged
collateral, including the right to distributions. At the maturity of a
repurchase agreement, Opteum is required to repay the loan and concurrently
receive its pledged collateral from the lender or, with the consent of the
lender, it renews such agreement at the then prevailing financing rate. Opteum's
repurchase agreements may require it to pledge additional assets to the lender
in the event the market value of the existing pledged collateral declines.
Opteum
has engaged AVM, L.P., a securities broker-dealer, and III Associates, a
registered investment adviser affiliated with AVM, L.P., to provide it with
repurchase agreement trading, clearing and administrative services. III
Associates acts as its agent and adviser in arranging for third parties to
enter
into repurchase agreements with Opteum, executes and maintains records of
its
repurchase transactions and assists in managing the margin arrangements between
Opteum and its counterparties for each of its repurchase agreements.
Opteum
seeks to protect its capital base through the use of a risk-based capital
methodology. This methodology is patterned on the general principles underlying
the Basel II Accord. These principles are intended to promote the use by
internationally active banks of increasingly sophisticated internal risk
management processes and measurements for purposes of allocating capital
on a
weighted basis. Opteum's methodology follows this framework in that the inherent
risk of an asset will create a capital allocation for the asset, which will
in
turn define the amount of leverage Opteum will employ.
As
with
the Basel approach, Opteum identifies components of risk associated with
the
assets it employs. However, unlike typical bank loans, which may bear a
significant degree of credit risk, the risks associated with the assets that
Opteum employs are primarily related to movements in interest rates. The
elements relating to interest rate risk that Opteum analyzes are effective
duration, convexity, expected return and the slope of the yield curve.
"Effective duration" measures the sensitivity of a security's price to movements
in interest rates. "Convexity" measures the sensitivity of a security's
effective duration to movements in interest rates. "Expected return" captures
the market's assessment of the risk of a security. Opteum assumes markets
are
efficient with respect to the pricing of risk.
While
these three risk components primarily address the price movement of a security,
Opteum believes the income earning potential of its portfolio—as reflected in
the slope of the yield curve—offsets potential negative price movements. It
believes the risk of its portfolio is lower when the slope of the yield curve
is
steep, and thus is inversely proportional to the slope of the yield curve.
Opteum
uses these components of risk to arrive at a risk coefficient for each asset.
The product of this coefficient and the amount of Opteum's investment represents
its "risk measure" for the asset. Opteum calculates risk measures for each
asset
and then aggregates them into the risk measure for the entire portfolio,
which
guides it to an appropriate amount of overall leverage. Opteum analyzes the
portfolio's risk measures on a daily basis. The leverage ratio will rise
as the
risk level of the portfolio declines and will fall as the portfolio's risk
level
increases. The goal of Opteum's approach is to ensure that its portfolio's
leverage ratio is appropriate for the level of risk inherent in the portfolio.
Interest
Rate Risk Management
Opteum
believes the primary risk inherent in its portfolio investments is the effect
of
movements in interest rates. This risk arises because the effects of interest
rate changes on its borrowings will not be perfectly correlated with the
effects
of interest rate changes on the income from, or value of, its portfolio
investments. Opteum therefore follows an interest rate risk management program
designed to offset the potential adverse effects resulting from the rate
adjustment limitations on its mortgage related securities. It seeks to minimize
differences between interest rate indices and interest rate adjustment periods
of its adjustable-rate MBS and related borrowings by matching the terms of
assets and related liabilities both as to maturity and to the underlying
interest rate index used to calculate interest rate charges.
Opteum's
interest rate risk management program encompasses a number of procedures,
including the following:
§
|
monitoring
and adjusting, if necessary, the interest rate sensitivity of its
mortgage
related securities compared with the interest rate sensitivities
of its
borrowings.
|
§
|
structuring
its repurchase agreements that fund its purchases of adjustable-rate
MBS
to have varying maturities and interest rate adjustment periods
in order
to match the reset dates on its adjustable-rate MBS. At December 31,
2006, the weighted average months to reset of its adjustable-rate
MBS was
4.6 months and the weighted average maturity on the corresponding
repurchase agreements was 2.8 months; and
|
§
|
actively
managing, on an aggregate basis, the interest rate indices and
interest
rate adjustment periods of its mortgage related securities and
comparing
them to the interest rate indices and adjustment periods of its
borrowings. Opteum’s liabilities under its repurchase agreements are all
LIBOR based, and Opteum, among other considerations, selects its
adjustable-rate MBS to favor LIBOR indexes. As of December 31, 2006,
over 37.4% of Opteum's adjustable-rate MBS were LIBOR-based.
|
As
a
result, Opteum expects to be able to adjust the average maturities and reset
periods of its borrowings on an ongoing basis by changing the combination
of
maturities and interest rate adjustment periods as borrowings mature or are
renewed. Through the use of these procedures, Opteum attempts to reduce the
risk
of differences between interest rate adjustment periods of its adjustable-rate
MBS and its related borrowings.
Opteum
may from time to time use derivative financial instruments to hedge all or
a
portion of the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings. It may
enter
into swap or cap agreements, option, put or call agreements, futures contracts,
forward rate agreements or similar financial instruments to hedge indebtedness
that it may incur or plans to incur. These contracts would be intended to
more
closely match the effective maturity of, and the interest received on, Opteum's
assets with the effective maturity of, and the interest owed on, its
liabilities. However, no assurances can be given that interest rate risk
management strategies can successfully be implemented. Derivative instruments
will not be used for speculative purposes.
Opteum
may also use derivative financial instruments in an attempt to protect it
against declines in the market value of its assets that result from general
trends in debt markets. The inability to match closely the maturities and
interest rates of its assets and liabilities or the inability to protect
adequately against declines in the market value of its assets could result
in
losses.
Description
of Mortgage Related Securities
Opteum
primarily invests in pass-through certificates, which are securities
representing interests in pools of mortgage loans secured by residential
real
property in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities
are
generally made monthly. In effect, these securities pass through the monthly
payments made by the individual borrowers on the mortgage loans that underlie
the securities, net of fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities.
Pass-through certificates can be divided into various categories based on
the
characteristics of the underlying mortgages, such as the term or whether
the
interest rate is fixed or variable.
A
key
feature of most mortgage loans is the ability of the borrower to repay principal
earlier than scheduled. This is called a prepayment. Prepayments arise primarily
due to sale of the underlying property, refinancing, or foreclosure. Prepayments
result in a return of principal to pass-through certificate holders. This
may
result in a lower or higher rate of return upon reinvestment of principal.
This
is generally referred to as prepayment uncertainty. If a security purchased
at a
premium prepays at a higher-than-expected rate, then the value of the premium
would be eroded at a faster-than-expected rate. Similarly, if a discount
mortgage prepays at a lower-than-expected rate, the amortization towards
par
would be accumulated at a slower-than-expected rate. The possibility of these
undesirable effects is sometimes referred to as "prepayment risk."
In
general, declining interest rates tend to increase prepayments, and rising
interest rates tend to result in fewer prepayments. Like other fixed-income
securities, when interest rates rise, the value of mortgage related securities
generally declines. The rate of prepayments on underlying mortgages will
affect
the price and volatility of mortgage related securities and may shorten or
extend the effective maturity of the security beyond what was anticipated
at the
time of purchase. If interest rates rise, Opteum's holdings of mortgage related
securities may experience reduced returns if the borrowers of the underlying
mortgages pay off their mortgages later than anticipated. This is generally
referred to as “extension risk.”
Payment
of principal and interest on mortgage pass-through certificates issued by
Ginnie
Mae are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the federal government
and
those issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are guaranteed by the respective
agency issuing the security. These guarantees do not cover the market value
of
the securities.
The
mortgage loans underlying pass-through certificates can generally be classified
in the following categories:
§
|
Adjustable-Rate
Mortgages. Opteum classifies adjustable rate mortgages or ARMs
as those
securities whose coupons reset within one years time. As of
December 31, 2006, 75.0% of Opteum's portfolio consisted of
adjustable-rate MBS. ARMs are mortgages for which the borrower
pays an
interest rate that varies over the term of the loan. The interest
rate
usually resets based on market interest rates, although the adjustment
of
such an interest rate may be subject to certain limitations.
Traditionally, interest rates reset periodically. Opteum refers to such
ARMs as "traditional" ARMs. Since interest rates on
ARMs fluctuate based on market conditions, ARMs tend to have
interest rates that do not deviate from current market rates by
a large
amount. This in turn can mean that ARMs have less price sensitivity
to interest rates.
|
§
|
Fixed-Rate
Mortgages. As of December 31, 2006, 20.9% of Opteum's portfolio
consisted of fixed-rate MBS. Fixed-rate mortgages allow each borrower
to
pay an interest rate that is constant throughout the term of the
loan.
Traditionally, most fixed-rate mortgages have an original term
of
30 years. However, shorter terms (also referred to as final maturity
dates) have become common in recent years. Because the interest
rate on
the loan never changes, even when market interest rates change,
over time
there can be a divergence between the interest rate on the loan
and
current market interest rates. This in turn can make a fixed-rate
mortgage's price sensitive to market fluctuations in interest rates.
In
general, the longer the remaining term on the mortgage loan, the
greater
the price sensitivity.
|
§
|
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate Mortgages. As of December 31, 2006, 2.7% of Opteum's
portfolio consisted of hybrid adjustable-rate MBS. Hybrid ARMs have a
fixed-rate for the first few years of the loan, often three, five,
or
seven years, and thereafter reset periodically like a traditional
ARM.
Effectively, such mortgages are hybrids, combining the features
of a pure
fixed-rate mortgage and a "traditional" ARM. Hybrid ARMs have price
sensitivity to interest rates similar to that of a fixed-rate mortgage
during the period when the interest rate is fixed and similar to
that of
an ARM when the interest rate is in its periodic reset stage. However,
even though hybrid ARMs usually have a short time period in which the
interest rate is fixed, during such period the price sensitivity
may be
high.
|
§
|
Balloon
Maturity Mortgages. As of December 31, 2006, 1.4% of Opteum's
portfolio consisted of balloon maturity MBS. Balloon maturity mortgages
are a type of fixed-rate mortgage where all or most of the principal
amount is due at maturity, rather than paid in periodic equal
installments, or amortized, over the life of the loan. These mortgages
have a static interest rate for the life of the loan. However,
the term of
the loan is usually quite short, typically less than seven years.
As the
balloon maturity mortgage approaches its maturity date, the price
sensitivity of the mortgage declines.
|
Opteum
does not anticipate investing in certain other types of mortgage related
securities, known as derivative securities, such as "inverse floaters," "inverse
I.O.s" and "residuals", however OFS owns residuals, as well as mortgage
servicing rights, in the normal course of business.
MORTGAGE
BANKING ACTIVITIES AT OFS
OFS
originates and purchases residential mortgage loans that generally fall into
one
of the following categories:
§
|
Alternate
A Loans (Alt-A). These are first lien mortgage loans made to borrowers
whose credit is generally within typical Fannie Mae or Freddie
Mac
guidelines, but have loan characteristics that do not conform under
those
guidelines. From a credit risk standpoint, Alt-A borrowers present
a
profile comparable to that of conforming loan borrowers, but entail
special underwriting considerations, such as a higher loan-to-value
ratios
or limited income verification. The most significant portion of
the loans
currently originated or purchased by OFS are
Alt-A.
|
§
|
Conventional
Prime Mortgage Loans. These are high credit quality first-lien
mortgage
loans secured by single (one-to-four) family
residences.
|
§
|
Jumbo
Prime Mortgage Loans. These are high credit quality first-lien
mortgage
loans secured by single (one-to-four) family residences that have
loan
balances above agency conforming loan size
limits.
|
§
|
Prime
Home Equity Loans. These are high credit quality second-lien mortgage
loans, including home equity lines of credit, secured by single
(one-to-four) family residences.
|
§
|
Government
Prime Mortgage Loans. Such loans include conventional mortgage
loans,
insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or loans guaranteed
by
the Veterans Administration (VA). FHA and VA loans are referred
to as
government loans. Some of the loans qualify for inclusion in guaranteed
mortgage securities backed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (conforming
loans).
|
§
|
Subprime
Mortgage Loans (Nonprime Mortgage Loans or Nonprime Lending). These
are
first and second lien mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family
residences, made to individuals with credit profiles that do not
qualify
them for a prime loan. OFS has limited exposure to subprime loans.
Approximately
only 4.3% of OFS’s 2006 production volume was subprime
loans.
|
The
following table summarizes OFS’s loan production by business segment and by loan
type for the year
ended December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Product
Type
|
Number
of Loans
|
Aggregate
Initial Principal Balance
|
Percent
|
|
Alt-
A
|
15
|
$
|
4,275,606
|
67.8
|
Conventional
Prime Mortgage Loans
|
3
|
633,808
|
10.1
|
|
Government
Prime Mortgage Loans
|
1
|
201,624
|
3.2
|
|
Prime
Home Equity Loans
|
7
|
433,703
|
6.9
|
|
Jumbo
Prime Mortgage Loans and Other
|
2
|
488,113
|
7.7
|
|
Subprime
|
1
|
273,939
|
4.3
|
|
Total
|
29
|
$
|
6,306,793
|
100.0
|
Nearly
all of the mortgage loans that OFS produces in this business segment are
sold
into the secondary mortgage market, either through pooling in the form of
mortgage-backed securities or on a whole loan basis.
OFS
originates mortgage loans on a national scale through four channels: retail,
wholesale, conduit, and telemarketing. The following table summarizes loan
production by channel for the year ended December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Channel
|
Number
of Loans
|
Aggregate
Initial Principal Balance
|
Percent
|
|
Retail
|
10
|
$
|
1,683,631
|
26.7
|
Wholesale
|
9
|
1,921,610
|
30.5
|
|
Conduit
|
9
|
2,449,648
|
38.8
|
|
Telemarketing
|
1
|
251,904
|
4.0
|
|
Total
|
29
|
$
|
6,306,793
|
100.0
|
§
|
Retail
Channel. The retail channel originates mortgage loans primarily
through
relationships with real estate agents and builders. As of
December 31, 2006, this network consisted of
27 branch offices in 8 states.
|
§
|
Wholesale
Channel. The wholesale lending operation funds and helps originate
mortgage loans through mortgage loan brokers and other financial
intermediaries. As of December 31, 2006, OFS’s wholesale lending
division operated 6 branch offices in various parts of the country.
This
division services approximately 4,246 mortgage loan brokers nationwide.
|
§
|
Conduit
Channel. OFS’s conduit operation purchases mortgage loans from other
lenders, which include mortgage bankers, savings and loan associations,
home builders, and credit unions. As of December 31, 2006, this
division served approximately 203
approved lenders who are subject to initial and on-going credit
evaluation
and monitoring.
|
§
|
Telemarketing
Channel. The telemarketing channel originates mortgage loans directly
from
the consumer through the Internet and through joint venture call
centers.
This channel focuses on customer acquisition by generally providing
mortgage customers with an efficient and convenient means to refinance
their existing mortgage. As of December 31, 2006, the telemarketing
channel consisted of one joint venture call center and one centralized
processing center.
|
Seasonality
See
Item
1A “Risk Factors—Risks related to OFS’s profitability—The mortgage banking
business is seasonal and OFS’s operating results vary accordingly” for
information regarding the seasonal nature of the mortgage banking business
of
OFS.
Credit
and Interest Rate Risk
OFS
offers an extensive array of products, each having specific underwriting
guidelines and criteria based upon the risk associated with that product.
The
credit history requirements for a borrower applying for a sub-prime product
are
substantially different than those applying for a higher credit quality,
prime
loan program. OFS has a Credit Committee which is chaired by its Chief Credit
Officer. The members of that committee include OFS’s Secondary Market Manager,
Product Development Manager, National Production Executive, Wholesale Production
Manager, Conduit Credit Officer, and the Manager of Structured Finance. The
committee is responsible for reviewing all products and guidelines to insure
that the overall risk to OFS is consistent with corporate philosophy. In
addition to a review of the guidelines, the execution strategy for the product
(retain or sell) is determined. For those products which will be sold into
the
secondary market, the guidelines of the targeted investors are also considered
and incorporated into the program.
Underwriting
is done within the credit policies established by OFS’s Chief Credit Officer.
Underwriters are given lending authority, based upon their experience, and
only
after their work has been reviewed for a period of time. In addition to loan
limits, lending authority is also established for specific product lines,
such
as government loans and sub-prime underwriting. On a monthly basis, the Chief
Credit Officer’s distributes a monthly report listing the approved lending
authority limits. In addition, the limit is incorporated into OFS system,
which
is a validation edit performed by the loan origination system. The Chief
Credit
Officer re-evaluates the authority levels of all underwriting personnel on
an
on-going basis. All loans over $1 million must be reviewed by the Chief Credit
Officer.
Exceptions
to underwriting criteria are approved by authorized managers and are reviewed
on
a monthly basis. In addition, a separate Quality Assurance division within
OFS
reviews a minimum of 10% of all closed loans in order to insure compliance
with
the underwriting criteria. This review is in addition to the "loan level
validation" which is performed within the OFS loan origination
system.
For
all
products originated, the underwriting guidelines take into consideration,
credit, collateral, capacity, and compliance.
§
|
Credit.
The length of credit history, prior mortgage delinquencies, public
records, and credit scores.
|
§
|
Collateral.
The Quality A underwriting guidelines considers the property via
the
review of an appraisal. In some instances, the guidelines require
both an
initial and a review appraisal. Appraisal requirements are established
based upon product risk, documentation type, occupancy, and loan-to-value
ratios.
|
§
|
Capacity.
The underwriting guidelines consider the borrower's ability to
repay the
debt. OFS offers income verified, stated, and "no doc" programs.
Limitations on debt to income ratios will be established based
upon
product risk, documentation type, occupancy, and loan-to-value
ratios.
|
§
|
Compliance.
All loans must be in full compliance with federal, state, and investor
regulatory regulations. OFS does not offer or approve any loans
deemed to
be high cost or predatory in
nature.
|
Many
products incorporate the use of third-party automated underwriting engines.
In
addition, OFS is developing a proprietary underwriting engine for OFS’s "5-Star"
product line (the proprietary product line which will render a credit decision
consistent with the product guidelines promulgated by the Chief Credit
Officer).
Securitizations
and Sales
OFS
typically sells substantially all the mortgage loans that it produces, either
through pooling securitizations or on a whole loan basis. However, OFS does
not
always sell loans immediately after production. Instead, OFS may decide to
sell
certain loans in later periods as part of its overall management of interest
rate risk. The timing of such sales can have a material impact on its results,
particularly in the short-term. When OFS securitizes mortgage loans, it retains
limited credit risk. This credit risk arises through representations and
warranties that OFS makes as part of its securitization activities, as well
as
through retention of limited recourse for credit losses in the case of certain
securitizations.
OFS
typically bears interest rate risk from the time a loan application is taken
through the sale of the loan. Thereafter, OFS continues to bear interest
rate
risk related to the interests retained in the loans sold, which are typically
in
the form of mortgage servicing rights and residual interests in
securitizations.
Generally,
originated as well as purchased mortgages are eventually sold in one of three
ways.
§
|
Pooling.
Many loans can be pooled into agency or government securities which
are
then sold directly by OFS to securities firms or financial institutions.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, OFS sold $901.0 million
worth of
loans as government or agency
pools.
|
§
|
Whole
Loan Sales.
OFS also sells bulk packages of unsecuritized loans. Occasionally,
single
loans or small groups of loans are sold directly to investors.
During the
year ended December 31, 2006, OFS sold $3,841.0 million worth of
whole
loans
|
§
|
Underwritten
Securitizations.
The balance of OFS’s loans are securitized using a Real Estate Mortgage
Investment Conduit trust (a “REMIC”). The securities are usually sold and
distributed through an underwriting syndicate - most typically
a small
consortium of securities firms. During the year ended December
31, 2006,
OFS executed two securitizations collateralized by $1,426.0 million
worth
of loans.
|
There
are
on average 98 days
between the time OFS commits to purchase a mortgage and the time OFS sells
or
securitizes mortgages, depending on certain factors, including the length
of the
purchase commitment period, volume by product type and the securitization
process. REMICs are accounted for as sales transactions. REMIC securities
generally consist of one or more classes of “regular interests” and a single
class of “residual interest.” The regular interests are tailored to the needs of
investors and may be issued in multiple classes with varying maturities,
average
lives and interest rates. REMICs created by OFS are structured so that one
or
more of the classes of securities are rated investment grade by at least
one
nationally recognized rating agency. The ratings for the REMICs are based
upon
the perceived credit risk by the applicable rating agency of the underlying
mortgages, the structure of the securities and the associated level of credit
enhancement. Credit enhancement is designed to provide protection to the
security holders in the event of borrower defaults and other losses, including
those associated with fraud or reductions in the principal balances or interest
rates on mortgages as required by law or a bankruptcy court.
When
OFS
sells mortgage loans as part of a securitization, it generally retains the
rights to service the loans. Typically, this is called mortgage servicing
rights
(“MSRs”). The value of the MSRs are included as assets on the Company’s balance
sheet. OFS may also retain other financial interests when loans are securitized,
often referred to as “residual interests.” These residual interests are also
included as assets on the Company’s balance sheet.
The
servicing of mortgage loans includes collecting loan payments, responding
to
customer inquiries, accounting for principal and interest dollar amounts,
holding custodial (impound) funds for payment of property taxes and insurance
premiums, counseling delinquent mortgagors, supervising foreclosures and
property dispositions, and other administrative tasks as are required for
the
loan to function properly. OFS receives fees for performing these functions.
Included
in Opteum’s acquisition of OFS were residual interests on prior securitizations
issued by OFS. Prior to being named Opteum Financial Services, LLC, OFS was
named Home Star Mortgage Services, LLC and issued securities through its
subsidiary Home Star Mortgage Acceptance Corporation (HMAC). Today, OFS issues
securities through its subsidiary Opteum Mortgage Acceptance Corporation
(“OMAC”).
The
following table summarizes the value of OFS’s residual interests in
securitizations as of December 31, 2006, and 2005.
(in
thousands)
Series
|
Issue
Date
|
December
31,
2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||||
HMAC
2004-1
|
March
4, 2004
|
$
|
2,948
|
$
|
5,096
|
|||
HMAC
2004-2
|
May
10, 2004
|
1,939
|
3,240
|
|||||
HMAC
2004-3
|
June
30, 2004
|
362
|
1,056
|
|||||
HMAC
2004-4
|
August
16, 2004
|
1,544
|
3,749
|
|||||
HMAC
2004-5
|
September
28, 2004
|
4,545
|
6,178
|
|||||
HMAC
2004-6
|
November
17, 2004
|
9,723
|
14,321
|
|||||
OMAC
2005-1
|
January
31, 2005
|
13,331
|
14,721
|
|||||
OMAC
2005-2
|
April
5, 2005
|
14,259
|
11,302
|
|||||
OMAC
2005-3
|
June
17, 2005
|
16,091
|
14,656
|
|||||
OMAC
2005-4
|
August
25, 2005
|
12,491
|
12,552
|
|||||
OMAC
2005-5
|
November
23, 2005
|
8,916
|
11,140
|
|||||
OMAC
2006-1
|
March
23, 2006
|
13,219
|
-
|
|||||
OMAC
2006-2
|
June
26, 2006
|
4,831
|
-
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
104,199
|
$
|
98,011
|
Key
economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of retained interests
at
the date of securitization resulting from securitizations completed during
2006
and 2005 were as follows
2006
|
2005
|
|
Prepayment
speeds (CPR)
|
36.25%
|
28.65%
|
Weighted-average-life
|
4.18
|
2.83
|
Expected
credit losses
|
0.74%
|
1.07%
|
Discount
rates
|
16.81%
|
14.90%
|
Interest
rates
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield curve
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield curve
|
Loan
Servicing
Loan
servicing consists of customer service operations, remittance processing,
collections and loss mitigation, institution and maintenance of foreclosure
and
bankruptcy proceedings, accounting and other services. OFS subcontracts a
substantial portion of its servicing obligations to independent third parties
pursuant to sub-servicing agreements. The servicing, although subcontracted,
is
generally done under the OFS name and as such is transparent to the consumer.
It
is cost efficient for OFS to use third-party sub-servicers. Additionally,
some
rating agencies required third-party sub-servicers in order to achieve higher
assigned bond ratings on OFS’s securitizations. Currently,
OFS continually monitors the performance of servicers or sub-servicers through
performance reviews and regular site visits. Servicing fees are charged on
the
declining principal balances of loans serviced and generally are 0.25% per
annum
for fixed rate mortgages, 0.375% per annum for adjustable rate mortgages,
0.50%
per annum for lower credit quality mortgages and 0.50% per annum for properties
secured by second liens. As of December 31, 2006, OFS subcontracted out 41,659
loans with a principal value of $9,392 million.
Related
Services
OFS
performs several loan servicing functions that similar loan servicers typically
outsource to third parties. OFS believes the integration of these functions
gives OFS a competitive advantage by lowering overall servicing costs and
enabling OFS to provide a high level of service to the Company’s mortgage
customers and mortgage investors. OFS’s integrated services include property tax
payment processing, acting as a foreclosure trustee, performing property
inspections and insurance tracking and premium payment processing.
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding the OFS loan servicing
portfolio.
(in
thousands)
Servicing
Portfolio by Category as of December 31, 2006
|
||||||
Principal
Outstanding
|
#
of
Loans
|
Average
Age
in
Months
|
||||
Prime
Agencies (FNMA, FHLMC)
|
$
|
2,939,596
|
14
|
11
|
||
Government
Agencies (GNMA)
|
748,599
|
6
|
24
|
|||
Private
Label Securitizations
|
5,704,642
|
22
|
18
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
9,392,837
|
42
|
17
|
POLICIES
WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN OTHER ACTIVITIES
If
the
Company's Board of Directors determines that additional funding is required,
the
Company may raise such funds through additional offerings of equity or debt
securities or the retention of cash flow (subject to provisions in the Code
concerning distribution requirements and the taxability of undistributed
net
taxable income) or a combination of these methods. In the event that the
Board
of Directors determines to raise additional equity capital, it has the
authority, without stockholder approval, to issue additional common stock
or
preferred stock in any manner and on such terms and for such consideration
as it
deems appropriate, at any time.
The
Company has authority to offer Class A Common Stock or other equity or debt
securities in exchange for property and to repurchase or otherwise reacquire
shares and may engage in such activities in the future.
Subject
to gross income and asset tests necessary for REIT qualification, the Company
may invest in securities of other REITs, other entities engaged in real estate
activities or securities of other issuers, including for the purpose of
exercising control over such entities.
The
Company may engage in the purchase and sale of investments. It does not
underwrite the securities of other issuers.
The
Company's Board of Directors may change any of these policies without prior
notice to its stockholders and without the approval of its stockholders.
CERTAIN
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The
following discussion summarizes the material federal income tax considerations
regarding Opteum’s qualification and taxation as a REIT. The
information in this summary is based on the Code, current, temporary and
proposed Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code, the legislative
history of the Code, current administrative interpretations and practices
of the
Internal Revenue service (the "IRS") and court decisions, all as of the date
hereof. The administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS upon
which
this summary is based include its practices and policies as expressed in
private
letter rulings which are not binding on the IRS, except with respect to the
taxpayers who requested and received such rulings. No assurance can be given
that future legislation, Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations
and practices and court decisions will not significantly change current law,
or
adversely affect existing interpretations of existing law, on which the
information in this summary is based. Even if there is no change in applicable
law, no assurance can be provided that the statements made in the following
summary will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court
if so
challenged, and Opteum will not seek a ruling with respect to any part of
the
information discussed in this summary. This summary is qualified in its entirety
by the applicable provisions of the Code, Treasury regulations, and
administrative and judicial interpretations of the Code.
INVESTORS
ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL,
AND
FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF ACQUIRING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR
CLASS A COMMON STOCK AND THE POTENTIAL CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX
LAWS.
General
Opteum
has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code commencing with its initial
taxable period ended December 31, 2003. Opteum believes that it has been
organized and operated, and intends to continue to be organized and to operate,
in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT. However, no assurance can be given
that
Opteum in fact qualifies or will remain qualified as a REIT.
Opteum's
qualification and taxation as a REIT depends on its ability to meet, through
actual annual operating results, income and asset requirements, distribution
levels, diversity of stock ownership, and the various other qualification
tests
imposed under the Code discussed below. While Opteum intends to operate so
that
it qualifies as a REIT, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing
REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations and the possibility
of
future changes in Opteum's circumstances or in the law, no assurance can
be
given that Opteum's actual results for any particular taxable year will satisfy
these requirements. In addition, qualification as a REIT may depend on future
transactions and events that cannot be known at this time.
So
long
as Opteum qualifies for taxation as a REIT, Opteum generally will be permitted
an income tax deduction for qualifying dividends that Opteum distributes
to its
stockholders. As a result, Opteum generally will not be required to pay federal
income taxes on its net taxable income that is currently distributed to its
stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the "double taxation"
that
ordinarily results from investment in a corporation. Double taxation means
taxation once at the corporate level when income is earned and once again
at the
stockholder level when this income is distributed. Under current law, dividends
received by non-corporate U.S. stockholders through 2010 from certain U.S.
corporations and qualified foreign corporations generally are eligible for
taxation at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains (a maximum of
15%).
This substantially reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the double
taxation that has historically applied to corporate dividends. With limited
exceptions, however, dividends paid by Opteum or other entities that are
taxed
as REITs are not eligible for the reduced rates on dividends, and will continue
to be taxed at rates applicable to ordinary income, which will be as high
as 35%
through 2010.
Even
as a
REIT, however, Opteum will be subject to federal taxation, as follows:
§
|
Opteum
will be required to pay tax at regular corporate rates on any
undistributed net taxable income, including undistributed net capital
gain.
|
§
|
Opteum
may be subject to the "alternative minimum tax" on its items of
tax
preference, if any.
|
§
|
If
Opteum has (i) net income from the sale or other disposition of
"foreclosure property" which is held primarily for sale to customers
in
the ordinary course of business or (ii) other non-qualifying income
from foreclosure property, Opteum will be required to pay tax at
the
highest corporate rate on this income. Foreclosure property is
generally
defined as property acquired through foreclosure or after a default
on a
loan secured by the property or on a lease of the property.
|
§
|
Opteum
will be required to pay a 100% tax on any net income from prohibited
transactions. Prohibited transactions are, in general, sales or
other
taxable dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property,
held
primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.
Under
existing law, whether property is held as inventory or primarily
for sale
to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends
on all
the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction.
|
§
|
If
Opteum fails to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross
income
test discussed below, but nonetheless maintains its qualification
as a
REIT because certain other requirements are met, Opteum will be
subject to
a 100% tax on an amount equal to the greater of (i) the amount by
which Opteum fails the 75% gross income test and (ii) the amount by
which Opteum fails the 95% gross income test, multiplied by a fraction
intended to reflect its profitability.
|
§
|
Commencing
with Opteum's taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, if due to
reasonable cause Opteum fails to satisfy any of the REIT asset
tests, as
described below, by more than a de
minimis
amount, and Opteum nonetheless maintains its REIT qualification
because of
specified cure provisions, Opteum will be required to pay a tax
equal to
the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate multiplied
by the
net taxable income generated by the nonqualifying assets.
|
§
|
Commencing
with Opteum's taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, if Opteum
fails to satisfy any provision of the Code that would result in
its
failure to qualify as a REIT (other than a violation of the REIT
gross
income or asset tests described below) and the violation is due
to
reasonable cause, Opteum may retain its REIT qualification but
Opteum will
be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.
|
§
|
Opteum
will be required to pay a 4% excise tax on the excess of the required
distribution over the amounts actually distributed if Opteum fails
to
distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (i) 85% of
its ordinary net taxable income for the year; (ii) 95% of its capital
gain net income for the year; and (iii) any undistributed taxable
income from prior periods. This distribution requirement is in
addition
to, and different from, the distribution requirements discussed
below.
|
§
|
If
Opteum acquires any asset from a corporation which is or has been
taxed as
a C corporation under the Code in a transaction in which the basis
of the
asset in Opteum's hands is determined by reference to the basis
of the
asset in the hands of the C corporation, and Opteum subsequently
recognizes gain on the disposition of the asset during the 10-year
period
beginning on the date that Opteum acquired the asset, then Opteum
will be
required to pay tax at the highest regular corporate tax rate on
this gain
to the extent of the excess of (i) the fair market value of the
asset, over (ii) Opteum's adjusted basis in the asset, in each case
determined as of the date on which Opteum acquired the asset. The
results
described in this paragraph with respect to the recognition of
gain will
apply unless an election under Treasury regulation
Section 1.337(d)-7(c) is made to cause the C corporation to recognize
all of the gain inherent in the property at the time of acquisition
of the
asset.
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§
|
Opteum
will generally be subject to tax on the portion of any excess inclusion
income derived from an investment in residual interests in REMICs
to the
extent its stock is held by specified tax-exempt organizations
not subject
to tax on unrelated business taxable income.
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§
|
Opteum
could be subject to a 100% excise tax if its dealings with any
of its
taxable REIT subsidiaries are not at arm's length.
|
In
addition, OFS has elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary, which
is
an entity that is subject to federal, state, and local income taxation. OFS’s
ability to deduct interest paid or accrued to Opteum for federal, state and
local tax purposes is also subject to certain limitations.
Requirements
for Qualification as a REIT
The
Code
defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:
(i) that
is
managed by one or more trustees or directors;
(ii)
|
that
issues transferable shares or transferable certificates to evidence
beneficial ownership;
|
(iii)
|
that
would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for Sections 856
through
859 of the Code;
|
(iv)
|
that
is not a financial institution or an insurance company within the
meaning
of the Code;
|
(v)
|
that
is beneficially owned by 100 or more persons;
|
(vi)
|
not
more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock of which is owned,
actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals (as defined
in
the Code to include certain entities), during the last half of
each
taxable year (the " 5¤50
Rule"); and
|
(vii)
|
that
meets other tests, described below, regarding the nature of its
income and
assets and the amount of its distributions.
|
The
Code
provides that all of the first four conditions stated above must be met during
the entire taxable year and that the fifth condition must be met during at
least
335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate
part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. The fifth and sixth
conditions do not apply until after the first taxable year for which an election
is made to be taxed as a REIT.
Opteum's
charter provides for restrictions regarding ownership and transfer of its
stock.
These restrictions are intended to assist Opteum in satisfying the share
ownership requirements described in the fifth and sixth conditions above.
These
restrictions, however, may not ensure that Opteum will, in all cases, be
able to
satisfy the stock ownership rules. If Opteum fails to satisfy any of these
stock
ownership rules, and no other relief provisions apply, its qualification
as a
REIT may terminate. If, however, Opteum complied with the rules contained
in the
applicable Treasury regulations that require a REIT to determine the actual
ownership of its stock and Opteum does not know, or would not have known
through
the exercise of reasonable diligence, that Opteum failed to meet the requirement
of the 5¤50
Rule,
Opteum would not be disqualified as a REIT.
To
monitor its compliance with the stock ownership tests, Opteum is required
to
maintain records regarding the actual ownership of its shares of stock. To
do
so, Opteum is required to demand written statements each year from the record
holders of certain percentages of its shares of stock in which the record
holders are to disclose the actual owners of the shares (i.e.,
the
persons required to include Opteum's dividends in gross income). A list of
those
persons failing or refusing to comply with this demand must be maintained
as
part of Opteum's records. A record holder who fails or refuses to comply
with
the demand must submit a statement with its tax return disclosing the actual
ownership of the shares of stock and certain other information.
In
addition, a corporation generally may not elect to become a REIT unless its
taxable year is the calendar year. Opteum's taxable year is the calendar
year.
Tax
Effect of Subsidiaries
Opteum
owns 92.5% of the stock of OFS. Opteum has made an election to treat OFS
as a
taxable REIT subsidiary. A taxable REIT subsidiary may earn income that would
be
nonqualifying income if earned directly by a REIT and is generally subject
to
full corporate level tax. A REIT may own up to 100% of all outstanding stock
of
a taxable REIT subsidiary. However, no more than 20% of a REIT's assets may
consist of the securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries. Any dividends that
a
REIT receives from a taxable REIT subsidiary will generally be eligible to
be
taxed at the preferential rates applicable to qualified dividend income and,
for
purposes of REIT gross income tests, will be qualifying income for purposes
of
the 95% gross income test but not the 75% gross income test. Certain
restrictions imposed on taxable REIT subsidiaries are intended to ensure
that
such entities will be subject to appropriate levels of federal income taxation.
First, a taxable REIT subsidiary may not deduct interest payments made in
any
year to an affiliated REIT to the extent that such payments exceed, generally,
50% of the taxable REIT subsidiary’s adjusted taxable income for that year
(although the taxable REIT subsidiary may carry forward to, and deduct in,
a
succeeding year the disallowed interest amount if the 50% test is satisfied
in
that year). Additionally, if a taxable REIT subsidiary pays interest, rent
or
another amount to a REIT that exceeds the amount that would be paid to an
unrelated party in an arm's length transaction, an excise tax equal to 100%
of
such excess will be imposed.
An
unincorporated domestic entity, such as a partnership or limited liability
company, that has a single owner, generally is not treated as an entity separate
from its parent for federal income tax purposes. If Opteum owns 100% of the
interests of such an entity, Opteum will be treated as owning its assets
and
receiving its income directly. An unincorporated domestic entity with two
or
more owners generally is treated as a partnership for federal income tax
purposes. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership that has
other partners, the REIT is treated as owning its proportionate share of
the
assets of the partnership and as earning its proportionate share of the gross
income of the partnership, based on its percentage of capital interests,
for the
purposes of the applicable REIT qualification tests. Commencing with Opteum's
taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, solely for purposes of the 10%
value test described below, the determination of a REIT's interest in
partnership assets will be based on the REIT's proportionate interest in
any
securities issued by the partnership, excluding for these purposes, certain
excluded securities as described in the Code. Thus, Opteum's proportionate
share
of the assets, liabilities and items of income of any partnership, joint
venture
or limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for federal
income
tax purposes in which Opteum acquires an interest directly or indirectly
will be
treated as Opteum's assets and gross income for purposes of applying the
various
REIT qualification requirements.
Income
Tests
Opteum
must satisfy two gross income requirements annually to maintain its
qualification as a REIT. First, Opteum must derive at least 75% of its gross
income, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, from specified
real
estate sources, including rental income, interest on obligations secured
by
mortgages on real property or on interests in real property, dividends or
other
distributions on, and gain from the sale of, stock in other REITs, gain from
the
disposition of “real estate assets" (i.e.,
interests in real property, mortgages secured by real property or interests
in
real property, and some other assets) and income from certain types of temporary
investments. Second, Opteum must derive at least 95% of its gross income,
excluding gross income from prohibited transactions and qualifying hedges
entered into after December 31, 2004, from the sources of income that satisfy
the 75% gross income test described above, and dividends, interest and gain
from
the sale or disposition of stock or securities, and qualifying interest rate
swap and cap agreements, options, futures and forward contracts entered into
before January 1, 2005 to hedge debt incurred to acquire and own real estate
assets.
For
these
purposes, interest earned by a REIT ordinarily does not include any interest
if
the determination of all or some of the amount of interest depends on the
income
or profits of any person. An amount will generally not be excluded from the
term
"interest," however, solely by reason of being based on a fixed percentage
or
percentages of receipts or sales.
Any
amount includible in Opteum's gross income with respect to a regular or residual
interest in a REMIC generally is treated as interest on an obligation secured
by
a mortgage on real property. If, however, less than 95% of the assets of
a REMIC
consists of real estate assets (determined as if Opteum held such assets),
Opteum will be treated as receiving directly its proportionate share of the
income of the REMIC. In addition, if Opteum receives interest income with
respect to a mortgage loan that is secured by both real property and other
property and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during
a
taxable year exceeds the fair market value of the real property on the date
Opteum became committed to make or purchase the mortgage loan, a portion
of the
interest income, equal to (i) such highest principal amount minus such
value, divided by (ii) such highest principal amount, generally will not be
qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Interest income
received with respect to non-REMIC pay-through bonds and pass-through debt
instruments, such as collateralized mortgage obligations or CMOs, however,
generally will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income
test.
Opteum
inevitably may have some gross income from sources that will not be qualifying
income for purposes of one or both of the gross income tests. However, Opteum
intends to maintain its qualification as a REIT by monitoring and limiting
any
such non-qualifying income.
If
Opteum
fails to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any
taxable year, Opteum may nevertheless, qualify as a REIT for such taxable
year
if Opteum is entitled to relief under applicable provisions of the Code.
Generally, Opteum may be entitled to relief if:
•
|
its
failure to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not
due to
willful neglect
|
•
|
Opteum
attaches a schedule of the sources of its income to its federal
income tax
return and
|
•
|
any
incorrect information on the schedule was not due to fraud with
intent to
evade tax.
|
Commencing
with Opteum's taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, in order to
maintain its qualification as a REIT, if Opteum fails to satisfy the 75%
or 95%
gross income test, such failure must be due to reasonable cause and not due
to
willful neglect, and, following its identification of such failure for any
taxable year, Opteum must set forth a description of each item of its gross
income that satisfies the REIT gross income tests in a schedule for the taxable
year filed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury.
If
Opteum
is entitled to avail itself of the relief provisions, Opteum will maintain
its
qualification as a REIT but will be subject to certain taxes as described
above.
Opteum may not, however, be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions
in all circumstances. If these relief provisions do not apply to a particular
set of circumstances, Opteum will not qualify as a REIT. Opteum may not always
be able to maintain compliance with the gross income tests for REIT
qualification despite monitoring its income.
Foreclosure
Property
Net
income realized by Opteum from foreclosure property is generally subject
to tax
at the maximum federal corporate tax rate (currently at 35%). Foreclosure
property is real property and related personal property that is acquired
through
foreclosure following a default on a lease of such property or indebtedness
secured by such property and for which an election is made to treat the property
as foreclosure property.
Prohibited
Transaction Income
Any
gain
realized by Opteum on the sale of any asset other than foreclosure property,
held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the
ordinary course of a trade or business, will be prohibited transaction income
and subject to a 100% excise tax. Prohibited transaction income may also
adversely affect Opteum's ability to satisfy the gross income test for
qualification as a REIT. Whether an asset is held as inventory or primarily
for
sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends on
all
facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction. While the
Code
provides a safe harbor which, if met, would cause a sale of an asset to not
be
treated as a prohibited transaction, Opteum may not be able to meet the
requirements of the safe harbor in all circumstances. Any sales of assets
made
through a taxable REIT subsidiary, such as OFS, will not be subject to the
prohibited transaction tax but will be subject to regular corporate income
taxation.
Asset
Tests
At
the
close of each quarter of its taxable year, Opteum must satisfy four tests
relating to the nature and diversification of its assets. First, at least
75% of
the value of its total assets must be represented by real estate assets,
cash,
cash items and government securities. Second, not more than 25% of its total
assets may be represented by securities, other than those securities included
in
the 75% asset test. Third, the value of the securities Opteum owns in any
taxable REIT subsidiaries, in the aggregate, may not exceed 20% of the value
of
its total assets. Fourth, of the investments included in the 25% asset class,
the value of any one issuer's securities may not exceed 5% of the value of
Opteum's total assets and Opteum generally may not own more than 10% by vote
or
value of any one issuer's outstanding securities, in each case except with
respect to securities of qualified REIT subsidiaries or taxable REIT
subsidiaries and in the case of the 10% value test except with respect to
"straight debt" having specified characteristics and other excluded securities,
as described in the Code, including, but not limited to, any loan to an
individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and
any
security issued by a REIT. In addition, (i) Opteum's interest as a partner
in a partnership is not considered a security for purposes of applying the
10%
value test; (ii) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than
straight debt or other excluded security) will not be considered a security
issued by the partnership if at least 75% of the partnership's gross income
is
derived from sources that would qualify for the 75% gross income test, and
(iii) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than straight debt
or other excluded security) will not be considered a security issued by the
partnership to the extent of Opteum's interest as a partner in the partnership.
Qualified
real estate assets include interests in mortgages on real property to the
extent
the principal balance of a mortgage does not exceed the fair market value
of the
associated real property, regular or residual interests in a REMIC (except
that,
if less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC consist of "real estate assets"
(determined as if Opteum held such assets), Opteum will be treated as holding
directly its proportionate share of the assets of such REMIC), and shares
of
other REITs. Non-REMIC CMOs, however, generally do not qualify as qualified
real
estate assets for this purpose.
Opteum
believes that all or substantially all of the mortgage related securities
that
Opteum owns are and will be qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset
test. However, to the extent that Opteum owns non-REMIC CMOs or other debt
instruments secured by mortgage loans (rather than by real property) or debt
securities issued by C corporations that are not secured by mortgages on
real
property, those securities may not be qualifying assets for purposes of the
75%
asset test. Opteum will monitor the status of its assets for purposes of
the
various asset tests and will seek to manage its portfolio to comply at all
times
with such tests.
After
initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, Opteum will
not
lose its qualification as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at
the
end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If Opteum
fails to satisfy the asset tests because Opteum acquires securities during
a
quarter, Opteum can cure this failure by disposing of sufficient non-qualifying
assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. Commencing with its
taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, if Opteum fails to meet the 5%
or 10% asset tests, after the 30 day cure period, Opteum may dispose of
sufficient assets (generally within six months after the last day of the
quarter
in which Opteum's identification of the failure to satisfy these asset tests
occurred) to cure such a violation that does not exceed a de
minimis
amount
equal to the lesser of 1% of its assets at the end of the relevant quarter
or
$10,000,000. For violations of any of the REIT asset tests that are due to
reasonable cause and that are larger than the de
minimis
amount
described above, Opteum may avoid disqualification as a REIT after the
30 day cure period by taking steps including the disposition of sufficient
assets to meet the asset test (generally within six months after the last
day of
the quarter in which Opteum's identification of the failure to satisfy the
REIT
asset test occurred) and paying a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or
the
highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the
nonqualifying assets; provided that Opteum files a schedule for such quarter
describing each asset that causes it to fail to satisfy the asset test in
accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury.
Annual
Dividend Distribution Requirements
To
maintain its qualification as a REIT, Opteum is required to distribute
dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to its stockholders in an amount
at least equal to the sum of: (i) 90% of its REIT taxable income, and
(ii) 90% of its after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property,
less (iii) the excess of the sum of certain items of its non-cash income
items over 5% of its REIT taxable income. In general, for this purpose, Opteum's
REIT taxable income is ordinary net taxable income computed without regard
to
the dividends paid deduction and net capital gain.
Only
distributions that qualify for the "dividends paid deduction" available to
REITs
under the Code are counted in determining whether the distribution requirements
are satisfied. Opteum must make these distributions in the taxable year to
which
they relate, or in the following taxable year, if they are declared before
Opteum timely files its tax return for that year, paid on or before the first
regular dividend payment following the declaration and Opteum elects on its
tax
return to have a specified dollar amount of such distributions treated as
if
paid in the prior year. For these and other purposes, dividends declared
by
Opteum in October, November or December of one taxable year and payable to
a
stockholder of record on a specific date in any such month shall be treated
as
both paid by Opteum and received by the stockholder during such taxable year,
provided that the dividend is actually paid by Opteum by January 31 of the
following taxable year.
In
addition, dividends distributed by Opteum must not be preferential. If a
dividend is preferential, it will not qualify for the dividends paid deduction.
To avoid being preferential, every stockholder of the class of stock to which
a
distribution is made must be treated the same as every other stockholder
of that
class, and no class of stock may be treated other than according to its dividend
rights as a class.
To
the
extent that Opteum does not distribute all of its net capital gain, or Opteum
distributes at least 90%, but less than 100%, of its REIT taxable income,
Opteum
will be required to pay tax on this undistributed income at regular ordinary
and
capital gain corporate tax rates. Furthermore, if Opteum fails to distribute
during each calendar year (or, in the case of distributions with declaration
and
record dates falling in the last three months of the calendar year, by the
end
of the January immediately following such year) at least the sum of (i) 85%
of its REIT ordinary income for such year, (ii) 95% of its REIT capital
gain income for such year, and (iii) any undistributed taxable income from
prior periods, Opteum will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on
the
excess of such required distribution over the amounts actually distributed.
Opteum intends to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual
distribution requirements.
Because
Opteum may deduct capital losses only to the extent of its capital gains,
Opteum
may have taxable net income that exceeds its economic income. In addition,
Opteum will recognize taxable net income in advance of the related cash flow
if
any of its subordinated mortgage related securities are deemed to have original
issue discount. For federal income tax purposes, Opteum generally must accrue
original issue discount based on a constant yield method that takes into
account
projected prepayments. As a result of the foregoing, Opteum may have less
cash
than is necessary to distribute all of its taxable net income and thereby
avoid
corporate income tax and the excise tax imposed on certain undistributed
income.
In such a situation, Opteum may need to borrow funds or issue additional
common
or preferred stock.
Under
certain circumstances, Opteum may be able to rectify a failure to meet the
distribution requirements for a year by paying "deficiency dividends" to
its
stockholders in a later year, which may be included in Opteum's deduction
for
dividends paid for the earlier year. Although Opteum may be able to avoid
being
taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, Opteum will be required
to
pay to the IRS interest based upon the amount of any deduction taken for
deficiency dividends.
Excess
Inclusion Income
If
Opteum
acquires a residual interest in a REMIC, Opteum may realize excess inclusion
income. In addition, if Opteum is deemed to have issued debt obligations
having
two or more maturities, the payments on which correspond to payments on mortgage
loans owned by it, such arrangement will be treated as a taxable mortgage
pool
for federal income tax purposes. If all or a portion of Opteum is treated
as a
taxable mortgage pool, its qualification as a REIT generally should not be
impaired. However, a portion of Opteum's taxable net income derived from
such a
taxable mortgage pool could be characterized as excess inclusion income.
Excess
inclusion income is an amount, with respect to any calendar quarter, equal
to
the excess, if any, of (i) income allocable to the holder of a residual
interest in a REMIC or a taxable mortgage pool interest over (ii) the sum
of an amount for each day in the calendar quarter equal to the product of
(a) the adjusted issue price at the beginning of the quarter multiplied by
(b) 120% of the long-term federal rate (determined on the basis of
compounding at the close of each calendar quarter and properly adjusted for
the
length of such quarter). Opteum’s excess inclusion income, if any, would be
subject to the distribution requirements applicable to REITs, notwithstanding
that Opteum may not receive current cash in respect of such amounts. Recently
issued IRS guidance indicates that any excess inclusion income recognized
by
Opteum is to be allocated among its stockholders in proportion to Opteum’s
dividends paid. A stockholder's share of any excess inclusion income could
not
be offset by the stockholder’s net operating losses, would be subject to tax as
unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt holder, and would be subject
to federal income tax withholding (without reduction pursuant to any otherwise
applicable income tax treaty) with respect to amounts allocable to non-U.S.
stockholders. In addition, to the extent Opteum’s stock is held in record name
by tax-exempt entities that are not subject to unrelated business income
tax, or
“disqualified organizations,” Opteum would be taxable on its excess inclusion
income allocated to such stockholders at the highest corporate tax rate
(currently 35%). Moreover, although the law is not entirely clear, the IRS
has
taken the position that, to the extent Opteum’s stock owned by disqualified
organizations is held in street name by a broker/dealer or other nominee,
the
broker/dealer or nominee would be liable for a tax at the highest corporate
income tax rate on Opteum’s excess inclusion income, if any, allocable to such
disqualified organization. Although Opteum does not currently generate excess
inclusion income, it is possible that Opteum may generate excess inclusion
income in future periods.
Hedging
Transactions
From
time
to time the Company may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one
or
more of its assets or liabilities. The Company's hedging transactions could
take
a variety of forms, including interest rate cap agreements, options, futures
contracts, forward rate agreements, or similar financial instruments. The
Company may enter into other hedging transactions, including rate locks and
guaranteed financial contracts. To the extent that the Company enters into
an
interest rate swap or cap contract, option, futures contract, forward rate
agreement, or any similar financial instrument prior to January 1, 2005 to
reduce its interest rate risk on indebtedness incurred to acquire or carry
real
estate assets, any payment under or gain from the disposition of hedging
transactions should be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income
test, but not the 75% gross income test. To the extent the Company hedges
with
other types of financial instruments or for other purposes prior to January
1,
2005, any payment under or gain from such transactions would not be qualifying
income for purposes of the 95% or 75% gross income tests. Commencing with
the
Company's taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, except to the extent
provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction entered
into after December 31, 2004 to manage risk of interest rate or price changes
or
currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary
obligations incurred or to be incurred, by the Company, which is clearly
identified as such before the close of the day on which it was acquired,
originated, or entered into, including gain from the sale or disposition
of such
a transaction, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 95% gross
income test, to the extent that the transaction hedges any indebtedness incurred
or to be incurred by the Company to acquire or carry real estate assets.
Opteum
will monitor the income generated by any such transactions in order to ensure
that such gross income, together with any other nonqualifying income received
by
it, will not cause it to fail to satisfy the 95% or 75% gross income tests.
Failure
to Qualify as a REIT
If
Opteum
fails to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief
provisions of the Code do not apply, Opteum will be required to pay taxes,
including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on its taxable income in
that
taxable year and all subsequent taxable years at regular corporate rates.
Distributions to its stockholders in any year in which Opteum fails to qualify
as a REIT will not be deductible by it and Opteum will not be required to
distribute any amounts to its stockholders. As a result, Opteum anticipates
that
its failure to qualify as a REIT would reduce the cash available for
distribution to its stockholders. In addition, if Opteum fails to qualify
as a
REIT, all distributions to its stockholders will be taxable as dividends
from a
C corporation to the extent of its current and accumulated earnings and profits,
and U.S. individual stockholders may be taxable at preferential rates on
such
dividends, and U.S. corporate stockholders may be eligible for the
dividends-received deduction. Unless entitled to relief under specific statutory
provisions, Opteum would also be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for
the
four taxable years following the year in which Opteum loses its qualification.
Commencing with its taxable year beginning on January 1, 2005, specified
cure provisions may be available to Opteum in the event Opteum violates a
provision of the Code that would result in its failure to qualify as a REIT.
Opteum would be provided additional relief in the event that it violates
a
provision of the Code that would result in its failure to qualify as a REIT
(other than violations of the REIT gross income or asset tests, as described
above, for which other specified cure provisions are available) if (i) the
violation is due to reasonable cause, and (ii) Opteum pays a penalty of
$50,000 for each failure to satisfy the provision.
State,
Local and Foreign Taxation
Opteum
may be required to pay state, local and foreign taxes in various state, local
and foreign jurisdictions, including those in which Opteum transacts business
or
makes investments, and Opteum's stockholders may be required to pay state,
local
and foreign taxes in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions, including
those in which they reside. Opteum's state, local and foreign tax treatment
may
not conform to the federal income tax consequences summarized above.
OFS
has
elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary, which is an entity that
is
subject to federal, state and local income taxation. In addition, the ability
of
OFS to deduct interest paid or accrued to Opteum for federal, state and local
tax purposes is subject to certain limitations.
Possible
Legislative or Other Action Affecting REITs
The
rules
dealing with federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons
involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the Treasury Department,
resulting in revisions of regulations and revised interpretations of established
concepts as well as statutory changes. Revisions in federal tax laws and
interpretations thereof could affect the tax consequences of an investment
in
the Company.
COMPETITION
Competition
at Opteum
When
Opteum invests in mortgage related securities and other investment assets,
it
competes with a variety of institutional investors, including other REITs,
insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, investment banking firms,
banks and other financial institutions that invest in the same types of assets.
Many of these investors have greater financial resources and access to lower
costs of capital than Opteum does. The existence of these competitive entities,
as well as the possibility of additional entities forming in the future,
may
increase the competition for the acquisition of mortgage related securities,
resulting in higher prices and lower yields on assets.
Competition
at OFS
OFS
faces
intense competition, primarily from commercial banks, savings and loans,
and
other independent mortgage lenders, including internet-based lending companies
and other mortgage REITs. Competitors with lower costs of capital have a
competitive advantage over OFS. In addition, establishing a mortgage lending
operation such as OFS’s requires a relatively small commitment of capital and
human resources, which permits new competitors to enter the markets quickly
and
to effectively compete with OFS. Furthermore, national banks, thrifts and
their
operating subsidiaries are generally exempt from complying with many of the
state and local laws that affect the Company’s operations, such as the
prohibition on prepayment penalties. Thus, they may be able to provide more
competitive pricing and terms than OFS can offer. As mortgage products are
offered more widely through alternative distribution channels, such as the
internet, OFS may be required to make significant changes to its current
wholesale, conduit and retail structures and information systems to compete
effectively.
EMPLOYEES
As
of
December 31, 2006, Opteum had 14 full-time employees and OFS had 878 full
time and 9 part-time employees.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
The
Internet address of the Company's corporate website is http://www.opteum.com.
The Company provides copies of its periodic reports (on Forms 10-K and 10-Q)
and
current reports (on Form 8-K), as well as the beneficial ownership reports
filed by its directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders (on Forms
3, 4
and 5) available free of charge through its website as soon as reasonably
practicable after they are filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “Commission”). The Company may from time to time provide
important disclosures to investors by posting them in the investor relations
section of its website, as allowed by securities rules.
The
Company’s filings with the Commission may be read and copied at the Commission's
Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549.
Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained
by
calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Commission also maintains an
Internet website at http://www.sec.gov that contains the Company’s reports,
proxy information statements and other information regarding the Company
that it
will file electronically with the Commission.
ITEM
1A. RISK
FACTORS.
RISKS
RELATED TO OPTEUM’S MBS PORTFOLIO
Interest
rate mismatches between Opteum’s adjustable-rate securities and its borrowings
used to fund purchases of the mortgage-related securities may reduce net
income
or result in a loss during periods of changing interest
rates.
As
of
December 31, 2006, 75.0% of the fair value of the MBS in Opteum’s portfolio was
adjustable rate MBS and 2.7% were hybrid adjustable rate MBS, and these
percentages may increase as Opteum modifies the mix of securities in the
portfolio. This means that the interest rates of the securities may vary
over
time based on changes in a short-term interest rate index, of which there
are
many. Opteum finances its acquisitions of adjustable-rate securities in part
with borrowings that have interest rates based on indices and repricing terms
similar to, but perhaps with shorter maturities than, the interest rate indices
and repricing terms of the adjustable-rate securities. Short-term interest
rates
are ordinarily lower than longer-term interest rates. During periods of changing
interest rates, this interest rate mismatch between Opteum’s assets and
liabilities could reduce or eliminate net income and dividend yield and could
cause Opteum to suffer a loss. In particular, in a period of rising interest
rates, Opteum could experience a decrease in, or elimination of, net income
or a
net loss because the interest rates on Opteum’s borrowings adjust faster than
the interest rates on the adjustable-rate securities.
Interest
rate fluctuations will also cause variances in the yield curve, which may
reduce
Opteum’s net income. The relationship between short-term and longer-term
interest rates is often referred to as the "yield curve." If short-term interest
rates rise disproportionately relative to longer-term interest rates (a
flattening of the yield curve), Opteum’s borrowing costs may increase more
rapidly than the interest income earned on assets. Because Opteum’s assets may
bear interest based on longer-term rates than its borrowings, a flattening
of
the yield curve would tend to decrease net income and the market value of
mortgage loan assets. Additionally, to the extent cash flows from investments
that return scheduled and unscheduled principal are reinvested in mortgage
loans, the spread between the yields of the new investments and available
borrowing rates may decline, which would likely decrease Opteum’s net income. It
is also possible that short-term interest rates may exceed longer-term interest
rates (a yield curve inversion), in which event Opteum’s borrowing costs may
exceed its interest income and it could incur operating losses.
Currently
the Company’s weighted average borrowing cost exceeds the weighted average yield
on the MBS in its portfolio. Management expects this negative net interest
margin to be extinguished by the third quarter of 2007. In the event this
fails
to occur, the Company may reposition the portfolio of MBS so as to restore
a
positive net interest margin. Such actions could result in losses being recorded
upon sale and thus permanently impairing stockholder’s equity.
A
significant portion of Opteum’s portfolio consists of fixed-rate MBS, which may
cause Opteum to experience reduced net income or a loss during periods of
rising
interest rates.
As
of
December 31, 2006, 22.3% of the fair value of MBS in Opteum’s portfolio
consisted of fixed-rate and balloon maturity MBS. Because the interest rate
on a
fixed-rate mortgage never changes, over time there can be a divergence between
the interest rate on the loan and the current market interest rates. Opteum
funds its acquisition of fixed-rate MBS with short-term repurchase agreements
and term loans. During periods of rising interest rates, Opteum’s costs
associated with borrowings used to fund the acquisition of fixed-rate assets
are
subject to increases while the income it earns from these assets remains
substantially fixed. This would reduce and could eliminate the net interest
spread between the fixed-rate MBS that Opteum purchases and the borrowings
used
to purchase them, which would reduce net interest income and could cause
Opteum
to suffer a loss.
Increased
levels of prepayments on the mortgages underlying Opteum’s mortgage-related
securities might decrease net interest income or result in a net
loss.
Pools
of
mortgage loans underlie the mortgage-related securities that Opteum acquires.
Opteum generally receives payments that are made on these underlying mortgage
loans. When Opteum acquires mortgage-related securities, it anticipates that
the
underlying mortgages will prepay at a projected rate generating an expected
yield. When borrowers prepay their mortgage loans faster than expected it
results in corresponding prepayments on the mortgage-related securities that
are
faster than expected. Faster-than-expected prepayments could potentially
harm
the results of Opteum’s operations in various ways, including the following:
•
|
Opteum
seeks to purchase some mortgage-related securities that have a
higher
interest rate than the market interest rate at the time. In exchange
for
this higher interest rate, Opteum will be required to pay a premium
over
the market value to acquire the security. In accordance with applicable
accounting rules, Opteum will be required to amortize this premium
over
the term of the mortgage-related security. If the mortgage-related
security is prepaid in whole or in part prior to its maturity date,
however, Opteum must expense any unamortized premium that remained
at the
time of the prepayment.
|
•
|
A
portion of Opteum’s adjustable-rate MBS may bear interest at rates that
are lower than their fully indexed rates, which are equivalent
to the
applicable index rate plus a margin. If an adjustable-rate mortgage-backed
security is prepaid prior to or soon after the time of adjustment
to a
fully-indexed rate, Opteum will have held that mortgage-related
security
while it was less profitable and lost the opportunity to receive
interest
at the fully indexed rate over the remainder of its expected
life.
|
•
|
If
Opteum is unable to acquire new mortgage-related securities to
replace the
prepaid mortgage-related securities, Opteum’s financial condition, results
of operations and cash flow may suffer and it could incur losses.
|
Prepayment
rates generally increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest
rates rise, but changes in prepayment rates are difficult to predict. Prepayment
rates also may be affected by other factors, including, without limitation,
conditions in the housing and financial markets, general economic conditions
and
the relative interest rates on adjustable-rate and fixed-rate mortgage loans.
While Opteum seeks to minimize prepayment risk, it must balance prepayment
risk
against other risks and the potential returns of each investment when selecting
investments. No strategy can completely insulate the Company from prepayment
or
other such risks.
Opteum
may incur increased borrowing costs related to repurchase agreements that
would
harm Opteum’s results of operations.
Opteum’s
borrowing costs under repurchase agreements are generally adjustable and
correspond to short-term interest rates, such as LIBOR or a short-term Treasury
index, plus or minus a margin. The margins on these borrowings over or under
short-term interest rates may vary depending upon a number of factors,
including, without limitation:
•
|
the
movement of interest rates;
|
•
|
the
availability of financing in the market; and
|
•
|
the
value and liquidity of Opteum’s mortgage-related securities.
|
Most
of
the Opteum’s borrowings are collateralized borrowings in the form of repurchase
agreements. If the interest rates on these repurchase agreements increase,
Opteum’s results of operations will be harmed and it may incur losses.
Interest
rate caps on Opteum’s adjustable-rate MBS may reduce its income or cause it to
suffer a loss during periods of rising interest rates.
Adjustable-rate
MBS are typically subject to periodic and lifetime interest rate caps. Periodic
interest rate caps limit the amount an interest rate can increase during
any
given period. Lifetime interest rate caps limit the amount an interest rate
can
increase through the maturity of a mortgage-backed security. Opteum’s borrowings
typically are not subject to similar restrictions. Accordingly, in a period
of
rapidly increasing interest rates, the interest rates paid on Opteum’s
borrowings could increase without limitation while caps could limit the interest
rates on its adjustable-rate MBS. This problem is magnified for adjustable-rate
MBS that are not fully indexed. Further, some adjustable-rate MBS may be
subject
to periodic payment caps that result in a portion of the interest being deferred
and added to the principal outstanding. As a result, the Company may receive
less cash income on adjustable-rate MBS than it needs to pay interest on
its
related borrowings.
As
of
December 31, 2006, the adjustable-rate MBS in Opteum’s portfolio were subject to
a weighted average lifetime interest rate cap of 10.3% and a weighted average
periodic interest rate cap of 1.8% and the hybrid adjustable-rate MBS in
Opteum’s portfolio were subject to a weighted average lifetime interest rate cap
of 10.3% and a weighted average periodic interest rate cap of 2.0%. Interest
rate caps on Opteum’s MBS could reduce its net interest income or cause it to
suffer a net loss if interest rates were to increase beyond the level of
the
caps.
Opteum
may not be able to purchase interest rate caps at favorable prices, which
could
cause the Company to suffer a loss in the event of significant changes in
interest rates.
Opteum’s
policies permit it to purchase interest rate caps to help it reduce Opteum’s
interest rate and prepayment risks associated with investments in
mortgage-related securities. This strategy potentially helps the Company
reduce
Opteum’s exposure to significant changes in interest rates. A cap contract is
ultimately no benefit to Opteum unless interest rates exceed the target rate.
If
Opteum purchases interest rate caps but does not experience a corresponding
increase in interest rates, the costs of buying the caps would reduce Opteum’s
earnings. Alternatively, Opteum may decide not to enter into a cap transaction
due to its expense, and it would suffer losses if interest rates later rise
substantially. Opteum’s ability to engage in interest rate hedging transactions
is limited by the REIT gross income requirements. See "Legal and Tax Risks"
below.
Opteum’s
leverage strategy increases the risks of Opteum’s operations, which could reduce
net income and the amount available for distributions to stockholders or
cause
Opteum to suffer a loss.
Opteum
generally seeks to borrow between eight and twelve times the amount of Opteum’s
equity, although at times its borrowings may be above or below this amount.
For
purposes of this calculation, Opteum treats trust preferred securities as
an
equity capital equivalent. The Company incurs this indebtedness by borrowing
against a substantial portion of the market value of its mortgage-related
securities. The Company’s total indebtedness, however, is not expressly limited
by its policies and will depend on its and its prospective lender's estimate
of
the stability of its portfolio's cash flow. As a result, there is no limit
on
the amount of leverage that Opteum may incur. Opteum faces the risk that
it
might not be able to meet its debt service obligations or a lender's margin
requirements from its income and, to the extent Opteum cannot, it might be
forced to liquidate some of its assets at unfavorable prices. Opteum’s use of
leverage amplifies the risks associated with other risk factors, which could
reduce its net income and the amount available for distributions to stockholders
or cause it to suffer a loss. For example:
•
|
A
majority of Opteum’s borrowings are secured by its mortgage-related
securities, generally under repurchase agreements. A decline in
the market
value of the mortgage-related securities used to secure these debt
obligations could limit Opteum’s ability to borrow or result in lenders
requiring it to pledge additional collateral to secure its borrowings.
In
that situation, Opteum could be required to sell mortgage-related
securities under adverse market conditions in order to obtain the
additional collateral required by the lender. If these sales are
made at
prices lower than the carrying value of the mortgage-related securities,
Opteum would experience losses.
|
•
|
A
default under a mortgage-related security that constitutes collateral
for
a loan could also result in an involuntary liquidation of the
mortgage-related security, including any cross-collateralized
mortgage-related securities. This would result in a loss to Opteum
of the
difference between the value of the mortgage-related security upon
liquidation and the amount borrowed against the mortgage-related
security.
|
•
|
To
the extent Opteum is compelled to liquidate qualified REIT assets
to repay
debts, Opteum’s compliance with the REIT rules regarding its assets and
its sources of income could be negatively affected, which would
jeopardize
its qualification as a REIT. Losing Opteum’s REIT qualification would
cause it to lose tax advantages applicable to REITs and would decrease
profitability and distributions to stockholders.
|
•
|
If
Opteum experiences losses as a result of its leverage policy, such
losses
would reduce the amounts available for distribution to stockholders.
|
An
increase in interest rates may adversely affect the Company’s stockholder’s
equity, which may harm the value of its Class A Common
Stock.
Increases
in interest rates may negatively affect the fair market value of the Company’s
mortgage-related securities. The Company’s fixed-rate MBS will generally be more
negatively affected by such increases. In accordance with GAAP, the Company
will
be required to reduce the carrying value of the Company’s mortgage-related
securities by the amount of any decrease in the fair value of mortgage-related
securities compared to amortized cost. If unrealized losses in fair value
occur,
the Company will have to either reduce current earnings or reduce stockholders'
equity without immediately affecting current earnings, depending on how it
classifies the mortgage-related securities under GAAP. In either case, the
Company’s stockholder’s equity will decrease to the extent of any realized or
unrealized losses in fair value.
Opteum
depends on borrowings to purchase mortgage-related securities and reach Opteum’s
desired amount of leverage. If Opteum fails to obtain or renew sufficient
funding on favorable terms or at all, it will be limited in its ability to
acquire mortgage-related securities, which will harm its results of
operations.
Opteum
depends on borrowings to fund acquisitions of mortgage-related securities
and
reach Opteum’s desired amount of leverage. Accordingly, Opteum’s ability to
achieve its investment and leverage objectives depends on its ability to
borrow
money in sufficient amounts and on favorable terms. In addition, Opteum must
be
able to renew or replace Opteum’s maturing borrowings on a continuous basis.
Opteum depends on many lenders to provide the primary credit facilities for
Opteum’s purchases of mortgage-related securities. If Opteum cannot renew or
replace maturing borrowings on favorable terms or at all, it may have to
sell
its mortgage-related securities under adverse market conditions, which would
harm its results of operations and may result in permanent losses.
Possible
market developments could cause Opteum’s lenders to require it to pledge
additional assets as collateral. If Opteum’s assets were insufficient to meet
the collateral requirements, it might be compelled to liquidate particular
assets at inopportune times and at unfavorable prices.
Possible
market developments, including a sharp or prolonged rise in interest rates,
a
change in prepayment rates or increasing market concern about the value or
liquidity of one or more types of mortgage-related securities in which Opteum’s
portfolio is concentrated, might reduce the market value of its portfolio,
which
might cause its lenders to require additional collateral. Any requirement
for
additional collateral might compel Opteum to liquidate its assets at inopportune
times and at unfavorable prices, thereby harming its operating results. If
Opteum sells mortgage-related securities at prices lower than the carrying
value
of the mortgage-related securities, it would experience losses.
Opteum’s
use of repurchase agreements to borrow funds may give Opteum’s lenders greater
rights in the event that either Opteum or any of its lenders file for
bankruptcy, which may make it difficult for it to recover its collateral
in the
event of a bankruptcy filing.
Opteum’s
borrowings under repurchase agreements may qualify for special treatment
under
the bankruptcy code, giving its lenders the ability to avoid the automatic
stay
provisions of the bankruptcy code and to take possession of and liquidate
its
collateral under the repurchase agreements without delay if Opteum files
for
bankruptcy. Furthermore, the special treatment of repurchase agreements under
the bankruptcy code may make it difficult for Opteum to recover its pledged
assets in the event that its lender files for bankruptcy. Thus, the use of
repurchase agreements exposes Opteum’s pledged assets to risk in the event of a
bankruptcy filing by either Opteum’s lenders or Opteum.
Because
the assets that Opteum acquires might experience periods of illiquidity,
Opteum
might be prevented from selling its mortgage-related securities at favorable
times and prices, which could cause it to suffer a loss and/or reduce
distributions to stockholders.
Although
Opteum plans to hold its mortgage-related securities until maturity, there
may
be circumstances in which Opteum sells certain of these securities.
Mortgage-related securities generally experience periods of illiquidity.
As a
result, Opteum may be unable to dispose of its mortgage-related securities
at
advantageous times and prices or in a timely manner. The lack of liquidity
might
result from the absence of a willing buyer or an established market for these
assets, as well as legal or contractual restrictions on resale. The illiquidity
of mortgage-related securities may harm Opteum’s results of operations and could
cause it to suffer a loss and/or reduce distributions to stockholders.
Competition
might prevent Opteum from acquiring mortgage-related securities at favorable
yields, which could harm its results of operations.
Opteum’s
net income largely depends on its ability to acquire mortgage-related securities
at favorable spreads over its borrowing costs. In acquiring mortgage-related
securities, Opteum competes with other REITs, investment banking firms, savings
and loan associations, banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, other lenders
and other entities that purchase mortgage-related securities, many of which
have
greater financial resources than Opteum does. Additionally, many of Opteum’s
competitors are not subject to REIT tax compliance or required to maintain
an
exemption from the Investment Company Act. As a result, Opteum may not be
able
to acquire sufficient mortgage-related securities at favorable spreads over
its
borrowing costs, which would harm its results of operations.
Opteum’s
investment strategy involves risk of default and delays in payments, which
could
harm its results of
operations.
Opteum
may incur losses if there are payment defaults under its mortgage-related
securities. Opteum’s mortgage-related securities will be government or agency
certificates. Agency certificates are mortgage-related securities issued
by
Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae. Payment of principal and interest
underlying securities issued by Ginnie Mae are guaranteed by the U.S.
Government. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac mortgage-related securities are
guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the respective agency
issuing the security. It is possible that guarantees made by Freddie Mac
or
Fannie Mae would not be honored in the event of default on the underlying
securities. Legislation may be proposed to change the relationship between
certain agencies, such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, and the federal government.
This may have the effect of reducing the actual or perceived credit quality
of
mortgage-related securities issued by these agencies. As a result, such
legislation could increase the risk of loss on investments in Fannie Mae
and/or
Freddie Mac mortgage-related securities. Opteum currently intends to continue
to
invest in such securities, even if such agencies' relationships with the
federal
government changes.
If
Opteum fails to maintain relationships with AVM, L.P. and its affiliate III
Associates, or if it does not establish relationships with other repurchase
agreement trading, clearing and administrative service providers, it may
have to
reduce or delay its operations and/or increase its
expenditures.
Opteum
has engaged AVM, L.P. and its affiliate III Associates, to provide it with
certain repurchase agreement trading, clearing and administrative services.
If
Opteum is unable to maintain relationships with AVM and III Associates or
is
unable to establish successful relationships with other repurchase agreement
trading, clearing and administrative service providers, it may have to reduce
or
delay Opteum’s operations and/or increase its expenditures and undertake the
repurchase agreement trading, clearing and administrative services on its
own.
RISKS
RELATED TO OFS'S ORIGINATION BUSINESS
If
OFS does not obtain the necessary state licenses and approvals, OFS will
not be
allowed to acquire, fund or originate mortgage loans in some states, which
would
adversely affect OFS’s operations.
Certain
states in which OFS does business require that OFS be licensed to conduct
business. As part of Opteum’s acquisition of OFS, OFS will be required to
reapply for new licenses and approvals under existing licenses. The Company
cannot assure that all the necessary licenses and approvals can be obtained
in a
timely manner or at all.
OFS’s
failure to comply with federal, state or local regulation of, or licensing
requirements with respect to, mortgage lending, loan servicing, broker
compensation programs, local branch operations or other aspects of OFS’s
business could harm OFS’s operations and profitability.
As
a
mortgage lender, loan servicer and broker, OFS is subject to an extensive
body
of both state and federal law. The volume of new or modified laws and
regulations has increased in recent years and, in addition, some individual
municipalities have begun to enact laws that restrict loan origination and
servicing activities. As a result, it may be more difficult to comprehensively
identify and accurately interpret all of these laws and regulations and to
properly program OFS’s technology systems and effectively train OFS’s personnel
with respect to all of these laws and regulations, thereby potentially
increasing OFS’s exposure to the risks of noncompliance with these laws and
regulations. OFS’s failure to comply with these laws can lead to:
•
|
civil
and criminal liability;
|
•
|
loss
of licensure;
|
•
|
damage
to OFS’s reputation in the industry;
|
•
|
inability
to sell or securitize OFS’s loans;
|
•
|
demands
for indemnification or loan repurchases from purchasers of OFS’s loans;
|
•
|
fines
and penalties and litigation, including class action lawsuits;
or
|
•
|
administrative
enforcement actions.
|
Any
of
these results could harm OFS’s retained residual interests in securitizations
and thus OFS’s results of operations, financial condition and business
prospects.
New
legislation could restrict OFS’s ability to originate mortgage loans, which
could harm OFS’s earnings.
Several
states, cities or other government entities are considering or have passed
laws,
regulations or ordinances aimed at curbing predatory lending practices. The
federal government is also considering legislative and regulatory proposals
in
this regard. In general, these proposals involve lowering the existing
thresholds for defining a "high-cost" loan and establish enhanced protections
and remedies for borrowers who receive such loans. Passage of these laws
and
rules could reduce OFS’s loan origination volume. In addition, many whole loan
buyers may elect not to purchase any loan labeled as a "high cost" loan under
any local, state or federal law or regulation. Rating agencies likewise may
refuse to rate securities backed by such loans. Accordingly, these laws and
rules could severely restrict the secondary market for a portion (typically
less
than 15.0%) of OFS’s loan production. This would effectively preclude OFS from
continuing to originate loans either in jurisdictions unacceptable to the
rating
agencies or that exceed the newly defined thresholds which could harm OFS’s
business prospects, earnings and results of operations.
OFS
relies on key personnel with long-standing business relationships, the loss
of
any of whom would impair OFS’s ability to operate
successfully.
OFS’s
continued future success depends, to a significant extent, on the continued
services of Peter R. Norden, OFS’s President and Chief Executive Officer, and
other key members of its senior management team. In particular, the extent
and
nature of the relationships that these individuals have developed with financial
institutions and existing and prospective mortgage loan origination channels
is
critically important to the success of its business. Although OFS has entered
into employment agreements with Mr. Norden and certain of its other senior
executives, these executives may not remain employed by OFS. Nevertheless,
the
loss of services of one or more members of OFS’s senior management team could
harm OFS’s business and OFS’s prospects.
Failure
to attract and retain qualified loan originators could harm OFS’s
business.
OFS
depends on its loan originators to generate customers by, among other things,
developing relationships with consumers, real estate agents and brokers,
builders, corporations and others, which OFS believes leads to repeat and
referral business. Accordingly, OFS must be able to attract, motivate and
retain
skilled loan originators. In addition, OFS’s growth strategy contemplates hiring
additional loan originators. The market for such persons is highly competitive
and historically has experienced a high rate of turnover. Competition for
qualified loan originators may lead to increased costs to hire and retain
them.
OFS cannot guarantee that it will be able to attract or retain qualified
loan
originators. If OFS cannot attract or retain a sufficient number of skilled
loan
originators, or even if OFS can retain them but at higher costs, OFS’s business
and results of operations could be harmed.
To
the extent OFS is unable to adapt to and implement technological changes
involving the loan origination process, OFS may have difficulty remaining
competitive and OFS’s loan origination business may be adversely
affected.
OFS’s
mortgage loan origination business is dependent upon its ability to interface
effectively with borrowers and other third parties and to process loan
applications efficiently. The origination process is becoming more dependent
upon technological advancements, such as the ability to process applications
over the Internet, interface with borrowers and other third parties through
electronic means and underwrite loan applications using specialized software.
Implementing new technology and maintaining the efficiency of the current
technology used in its operations may require significant capital expenditures.
As these requirements increase in the future, OFS will have to develop these
technological capabilities fully to remain competitive or its loan origination
business may be significantly harmed.
If
OFS does not manage its growth effectively, its financial performance could
be
harmed.
In
recent
years, OFS has experienced growth at rates that have applied pressure to
OFS’s
management, administrative, operational and financial infrastructure. OFS
expects to continue to experience those and other pressures on its organization,
including the need for OFS to hire additional experienced personnel to meet
its
growth and OFS’s needs related to its ability to originate quality loans in
accordance with its current mortgage loan origination focus and strategies.
OFS
expects to need to attract and hire additional experienced managers and loan
officers in a competitive hiring environment and, at the same time, continue
to
upgrade and expand financial, operational and managerial systems and controls.
The Company cannot assure that OFS will be able to meet its capital needs,
expand its systems effectively or hire and retain qualified employees in
sufficient numbers to meet its requirements. Any failure by OFS to manage
its
current level of business or its growth effectively may result in increased
costs and decreased loan production, and could negatively affect the Company’s
business, financial condition, liquidity, profitability, cash flows, and
the
Company’s ability to make distributions to its stockholders.
OFS
is subject to the risk that provisions of its loan agreements may be
unenforceable.
OFS’s
rights and obligations with respect to its loans are governed by written
loan
agreements and related documentation. It is possible that a court could
determine that one or more provisions of a loan agreement are unenforceable,
such as a loan prepayment provision or the provisions governing OFS’s security
interest in the underlying collateral. If this were to happen with respect
to a
material asset or group of assets, OFS could be required to repurchase these
loans and may not be able to sell or liquidate the loans.
RISKS
RELATED TO OFS’S PROFITABILITY
An
increase in interest rates could reduce the value of OFS’s loan inventory and
commitments and OFS’s hedging strategy may not protect it from interest rate
risk and may lead to losses.
The
value
of OFS’s loan inventory is based, in part, on market interest rates.
Accordingly, OFS may experience losses on loan sales if interest rates change
rapidly or unexpectedly. If interest rates rise after OFS fixes a price for
a
loan or commitment but before OFS closes or sells such loan, the value of
the
loan will decrease. If the amount OFS receives from selling the loan is less
than its cost of originating the loan, OFS may incur net losses, and its
business and operating results could be harmed. While OFS will enter into
hedging transactions with respect to one or more of its assets or liabilities
and will use other strategies to minimize its exposure to interest rate risks,
no hedging or other strategy can completely protect OFS. Its hedging activities
may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps and floors, options to
purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Additionally, the
nature and timing of hedging transactions may influence the effectiveness
of
these strategies. Poorly designed strategies or improperly executed transactions
could actually increase OFS’s risk and losses. In addition, hedging strategies
involve transaction and other costs. The Company cannot assure you that OFS’s
hedging strategy and the hedges that OFS makes will adequately offset the
risks
of interest rate volatility or that OFS hedges will not result in losses.
OFS’s
mortgage origination business may be harmed by rising interest rates.
A
significant percentage of OFS’s mortgage originations have been to customers
refinancing an existing loan to obtain a lower interest rate. Rising interest
rates would reduce the number of potential customers that can achieve a lower
interest rate from refinancing, and to a lesser extent the number of potential
customers that can afford to buy homes, and consequently would substantially
reduce the amount of loans originated by OFS’s loan origination business and the
revenue therefrom. If short-term interest rates exceed long-term interest
rates,
there is a higher risk of increased loan prepayments, as borrowers may seek
to
refinance their fixed and adjustable rate mortgages at lower long-term fixed
interest rates. In addition, rising interest rates are likely to reduce the
margins achieved by OFS. While the prospect of rising interest rates has
been
incorporated into OFS’s projections, if interest rates rose to the point where
mortgage originations slowed more than expected or if margins decreased more
than expected, OFS would not earn the income it projects from its mortgage
origination business, and could suffer losses. While rising interest rates
generally have a beneficial impact on OFS’s mortgage servicing business, the
negative impact from rising interest rates on OFS’s mortgage origination
business is generally greater than the offsetting beneficial impact, and
consequently, in a period of rising interest rates, OFS’s earnings are projected
to decline.
A
disruption in market conditions could reduce the prices at which OFS is able
to
sell its originated or acquired loan inventory and therefore negatively impact
its results of operations.
The
profitability of OFS is based, in part, on its ability to originate or acquire
mortgages and sell them, either through the securitization market or whole
market, at a profit. Disruptions in the whole loan or securitization market
brought about by deteriorating credit performance of recent mortgage
originations, liquidity concerns with respect to originators or other market
participants, among other factors, may affect prices buyers are willing to
pay
to acquire mortgage loans. To the extent such prices do not exceed OFS’s cost to
originate or acquire such loans, OFS may incur losses upon sales of such
loans.
OFS
may have to repurchase loans it sells to the whole loan market due to early
payment defaults.
When
OFS
sells loans to the whole loan market it may be required to repurchase loans
upon
which the underlying borrowers default in the payment of principal or interest.
When such borrowers fail to make their initial payments (referred to as Early
Payment Defaults or EPD’s) the contractual arrangements under which the sale was
executed may require OFS to repurchase the loan from the buyer. In these
cases,
OFS may be obligated to repurchase such loans at prices greater than their
then
fair market value, which could have a material and adverse affect on OFS’s
results of operations. When OFS purchases loans from a third-party seller
that
it then sells into the whole loan market, OFS obtains representations and
warranties from the third-party seller that sold the loans to it that generally
parallel the representations and warranties it provided to its purchasers
of
such loans. As a result, the Company believes that OFS has the potential
for
recourse against the third-party seller of the loans. However, if OFS does
not
have recourse against the third-party seller, or if the original third-party
seller is not in a financial position to be able to repurchase the loan,
OFS may
not be able to recoup the cash resources used to repurchase such loans and
therefore may be required to sell such loans at prices less than their
repurchase price, thus incurring a loss upon resale. Further, if OFS is unable
to obtain recourse from such third-party sellers, such inability could
materially negatively affect OFS’s liquidity, financial position and results of
operations, which in turn could negatively affect the Company’s liquidity,
financial position and results of operations.
The
value of OFS’s mortgage servicing rights may be harmed by falling interest
rates.
OFS
could
suffer losses from its mortgage servicing business if interest rates remain
low
enough to cause a large number of borrowers whose loans are being serviced
by
OFS’s servicing business to refinance. In such instance, OFS would experience
high amortization and possibly impairment of its servicing assets, and would
likely experience a loss from its servicing business.
Adverse
economic conditions or declining real estate values would likely result in
a
reduction of OFS’s mortgage origination activity, which would adversely affect
its ability to grow its mortgage loan portfolio.
An
economic downturn or a recession may have a significant adverse impact on
OFS’s
operations and financial condition, particularly if accompanied by declining
real estate values. Declining real estate values will likely reduce OFS’s level
of new mortgage loan originations, since borrowers often use increases in
the
value of their existing homes to support the refinancing of their existing
mortgage loans or the purchase of new homes at higher levels of borrowings.
To
the extent that the market value of the property underlying OFS’s mortgage loans
decreases, OFS’s loans might be impaired, which might decrease the value of its
assets. Any sustained period of increased payment delinquencies, foreclosures
or
losses could adversely affect OFS’s ability to sell and securitize loans, which
would significantly harm OFS’s revenues, results of operations, financial
condition and business prospects, which in turn would harm the Company’s
revenues, results of operations, financial condition and the Company’s ability
to make distributions to its stockholders.
Retaining
subordinated interests in securitizations exposes OFS to increased credit
risk.
OFS
has
maintained and may continue to maintain an interest in loans that it originates
and securitizes by retaining subordinated interests in MBS that evidence
interests in such loans. Subordinated interests are classes of MBS that may
incur losses experienced on the related loans prior to the more senior MBS
issued in the related transaction. If the actual rate and severity of losses
on
the related loans are higher than those assumed by OFS, the actual return
on
OFS’s investment in those subordinated interests may be lower than anticipated.
The
mortgage banking business is seasonal and OFS’s operating results vary
accordingly.
The
mortgage banking industry generally is subject to seasonal variations,
especially in states with adverse winter weather. Purchase money mortgage
loan
originations generally experience greater seasonal fluctuations than
refinancings, which tend to be less seasonal and more closely related to
changes
in interest rates. Sales and resales of homes in OFS’s markets, and accordingly
purchase money mortgage originations, typically peak during the spring and
summer seasons and decline to lower levels from mid-November through February.
In addition, delinquency rates typically rise in the winter months, which
results in higher servicing costs in OFS’s mortgage banking operations. The
magnitude of seasonal variations is beyond OFS’s control and could adversely
affect OFS’s business, especially if OFS is unable to take advantage of
increased mortgage volume during peak periods, or if peak periods do not
produce
anticipated mortgage volume. These variations may affect OFS’s revenues, results
of operations, financial condition and business prospectus, which in turn
may
affect the Company’s revenues, results of operations, financial condition,
business prospectus and ability to make distributions to the stockholders.
OFS
may be subject to losses due to misrepresented or falsified information or
if
OFS obtains less than full documentation with respect to its mortgage
loans.
When
OFS
originates mortgage loans, it relies upon information supplied by borrowers
and
other third parties, including information contained in the applicant's loan
application, property appraisal reports, title information and employment
and
income documentation. If any of this information is misrepresented or falsified
and if OFS does not discover it before funding a loan, the actual value of
the
loan may be significantly lower than anticipated. As a practical matter,
OFS
generally would bear the risk of loss associated with a misrepresentation,
whether made by the loan applicant, the mortgage broker, another third party
or
one of OFS’s employees. A loan subject to a material misrepresentation typically
cannot be sold or is subject to repurchase or substitution if it is sold
or
securitized prior to detection of the misrepresentation. Although OFS may
have
rights against persons and entities who made or knew about the
misrepresentation, those persons and entities may be difficult to locate,
and it
is often difficult to collect from them any monetary losses that OFS may
have
suffered.
In
the
case of certain loan products, OFS does not receive full documentation of
the
borrower's income and/or assets. Instead, OFS bases its credit decision on
the
borrower's credit score and credit history, the value of the property securing
the loan and the effect of the loan on the borrower's debt service requirements.
For the year ended December 31, 2006, OFS received less than full documentation
of the borrower's income and/or assets on approximately 74% of mortgage loans,
as measured by principal balance, that OFS originated. The Company believes
that
there is a higher risk of default on loans where there is less than full
documentation of the borrower's income and/or assets.
Some
of the loans that OFS originates are subprime, rather than prime, and generally
have delinquency and default rates higher than prime loans, which could result
in higher loan losses.
OFS
currently originates subprime loans, although all subprime loans are sold
in the
secondary market and none are retained in its portfolio. Subprime mortgage
loans
generally have higher delinquency and default rates than prime mortgage loans.
Delinquency interrupts the flow of projected interest income from a mortgage
loan, and default can ultimately lead to a loss if the net realizable value
of
the real property securing the mortgage loan is insufficient to cover the
principal and interest due on the loan. In whole loan sales, OFS’s risk of
delinquency typically only extends to the first payment. OFS also assumes
the
risks of delinquency and default for loans that it is obligated to repurchase.
OFS attempts to manage these risks with risk-based loan pricing and appropriate
underwriting policies. However, the Company cannot assure that such management
policies will prevent delinquencies or defaults and, if such policies and
methods are insufficient to control OFS’s delinquency and default risks and do
not result in appropriate loan pricing, its business, financial condition,
liquidity and results of operations could be harmed. During the year ended
December 31, 2006, OFS originated approximately $274 million of subprime
mortgage loans, which constituted 4.3% of its total originations.
OFS
faces intense competition that could harm its market share and its
revenues.
OFS
faces
intense competition from commercial banks, savings and loan associations
and
other finance and mortgage banking companies, as well as from Internet-based
lending companies and other lenders participating on the Internet. Entry
barriers in the mortgage industry are relatively low and increased competition
is likely. As OFS seeks to expand its business, it will face a greater number
of
competitors, many of whom will be well-established in the markets OFS seeks
to
penetrate. Many of its competitors are much larger than OFS, have better
name
recognition than OFS and have far greater financial and other resources.
OFS
cannot assure that it will be able to effectively compete against them or
any
future competitors.
In
addition, competition may lower the rates OFS is able to charge borrowers,
thereby potentially lowering the amount of income on future loan sales and
sales
of servicing rights. Increased competition also may reduce the volume of
OFS’s
loan originations and loan sales. OFS cannot assure that it will be able
to
compete successfully in this evolving market.
Geographic
concentration of mortgage loans that OFS originates or purchases increases
OFS’s
exposure to risks in those areas.
Concentration
of mortgage loans that OFS originates or purchases in any one geographic
area
increases OFS’s exposure to the economic and natural hazard risks associated
with that area. Declines in the residential real estate markets in which
OFS is
concentrated may reduce the values of the properties collateralizing mortgages
which in turn may increase the risk of delinquency, foreclosure, bankruptcy,
or
losses from those loans. To the extent that a large number of loans are
impaired, OFS’s financial condition and results of operations may be adversely
affected, which in turn may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition
and results of operations.
To
the extent that OFS has a large number of loans in an area affected by a
natural
disaster, OFS may suffer losses.
Standard
homeowner insurance policies generally do not provide coverage for natural
disasters, such as hurricane Katrina and the ensuing flooding. Furthermore,
nonconforming borrowers are not likely to have special hazard insurance.
To the
extent that borrowers do not have insurance coverage for natural disasters,
they
may not be able to repair the property or may stop paying their mortgages
if the
property is damaged. A natural disaster that results in a significant number
of
delinquencies could cause increased foreclosures and decrease OFS’s ability to
recover losses on properties affected by such disasters and could harm OFS’s
retained residual interests in securitizations and thus OFS’s financial
condition and results of operations, which could in turn harm the Company’s
financial condition and results of operations.
Differences
in OFS’s actual experience compared to the assumptions that OFS uses to
determine the value of its mortgage securities held as available-for-sale
could
adversely affect OFS’s financial position.
Currently,
OFS’s securitization of mortgage loans are structured to be treated as sales
for
financial reporting purposes and, therefore, result in gain recognition at
closing. Delinquency, loss, prepayment and discount rate assumptions have
a
material impact on the amount of gain recognized and on the carrying value
of
the retained mortgage securities held as available-for-sale (where applicable).
The gain on sale method of accounting may create volatile earnings in certain
environments, including when loan securitizations are not completed on a
consistent schedule. If OFS’s actual experience differs materially from the
assumptions that it uses to determine the value of its mortgage securities
held
as available-for-sale, future cash flows, and results of operations could
be
negatively affected.
RISKS
RELATED TO OFS’S ABILITY TO SELL LOANS IT ORIGINATES OR
PURCHASES
OFS’s
business would suffer if it was unable to sell the mortgage loans that it
originates.
OFS
sells
all of the mortgage loans that it originates and that are not securitized
in the
secondary market. OFS’s ability to sell mortgage loans depends on the
availability of an active secondary market for residential mortgage loans.
Additionally, OFS sells substantially all of the mortgages to institutional
buyers. If these financial institutions cease to buy its loans and equivalent
purchasers cannot be found on a timely basis, then OFS’s business and results of
operations could be harmed. OFS’s results of operations could also be harmed if
these financial institutions or other purchasers lower the price they pay
to OFS
or adversely change the material terms of their loan purchases from OFS.
The
prices at which OFS sells its loans vary over time. A number of factors
determine the price OFS receives for its loans. These factors include:
• the
number of institutions that are willing to buy OFS’s loans;
• the
amount of comparable loans available for sale;
• the
levels of prepayments of, or defaults on, loans;
• the
types
and volume of loans OFS sells;
• the
level
and volatility of interest rates; and
• the
quality of OFS’s loans.
OFS’s
ability to sell mortgage loans to third parties also depends on its ability
to
remain eligible for the programs offered by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. If
the
criteria for mortgage loans to be accepted under these programs changes or
if
OFS loses its eligibility for any reason, or if its eligibility is impaired,
then the mortgage banking business would be harmed. Changes in laws in the
states where OFS operates could adversely affect its ability to sell loans.
OFS’s profitability from participating in any of these programs may vary
depending on a number of factors, including administrative costs of originating
and selling qualifying mortgage loans, and the costs imposed upon OFS by
the
purchasers' programs. Any decline in profitability from participating in
these
programs would harm OFS’s mortgage banking business.
OFS
may have to repurchase loans it sells to the whole loan market and loans
it
sells via securitizations.
OFS
may
be required to repurchase loans that are the subject of fraud, irregularities
in
its loan files or process, or that result in OFS breaching the representations
and warranties in the contract of sale. In addition, when OFS sells loans
to the
whole loan market it may be required to repurchase loans upon which the
underlying borrowers default in the payment of principal or interest. In
these
cases, OFS may be obligated to repurchase loans at prices greater than their
then fair market value, which could have a material and adverse affect on
OFS’s
liquidity, financial position and results of operations. When OFS purchases
loans from a third-party seller that it then sells into the whole loan market
or
to a securitization trust, OFS obtains representations and warranties from
the
third-party seller that sold the loans to it that generally parallel the
representations and warranties it provided to its purchasers of such loans.
As a
result, the Company believes that OFS has the potential for recourse against
the
third-party seller of the loans. However, if OFS does not have recourse against
the third-party seller, or if the original third-party seller is not in a
financial position to be able to repurchase the loan, OFS may have to use
cash
resources to repurchase such loans at prices greater than their then fair
market
value, which could materially and adversely affect OFS’s liquidity, financial
position and results of operations.
RISKS
RELATED TO OFS’S FUNDING FACILITIES
Failure
to timely renew or obtain adequate financing under OFS’s funding facilities may
harm OFS’s liquidity, financial condition and results of
operations.
OFS
is
substantially dependent upon certain funding facilities entered into in the
ordinary course of OFS’s business for financing its mortgage loan originations
and its acquisitions of mortgage loans from third-party sellers. These funding
facilities generally expire in less than one year and are usually renewed
on an
annual basis. Any failure to timely renew or obtain adequate financing under
these funding facilities for any reason, including OFS’s inability to meet the
covenants contained in such facilities, could harm OFS’s liquidity, financial
condition and results of operations, which in turn could harm the Company’s
liquidity, financial condition and results of operations and the Company’s
ability to make distributions to its stockholders. Further, any increase
in the
cost of OFS’s financing in excess of any increase in the income derived from
OFS’s mortgage assets could harm OFS’s results of operations, which in turn
could harm the Company’s results of operations and the Company’s ability to make
distributions to its stockholders. Any failure to timely renew these financing
facilities could result in the cessation of OFS’s operations unless and until
OFS is able to obtain adequate alternative financing.
The
terms of OFS’s funding facilities contain restrictive financial and other
covenants. The failure to satisfy any of these covenants may restrict OFS’s
ability to pay dividends to the Company and could result in the termination
of
OFS’s funding facilities.
The
terms
of OFS’s funding facilities contain restrictive financial and other covenants
that, among other things, will require OFS to maintain a minimum ratio of
total
liabilities to tangible net worth, minimum levels of tangible net worth,
liquidity and stockholders' equity, maximum leverage ratios, as well as to
comply with applicable regulatory and other requirements. If OFS is not in
compliance with these financial and other covenants in the funding facilities,
its ability to pay dividends to Opteum may be restricted, which could reduce
the
earnings available for distribution to the Company’s stockholders. In addition,
the failure to satisfy any of these covenants is generally deemed a default
that
gives OFS’s lenders the right to terminate OFS’s funding facilities absent the
ability of OFS to cure such default or the waiver of such default by OFS’s
lenders. During 2006, OFS was unable to satisfy or cure certain of these
covenants and had to obtain default waivers from its lenders. There can be
no
assurance that OFS will be able to obtain similar default waivers in the
future
if OFS fails to satisfy any of its covenants. If OFS is unable to cure a
default
or obtain a waiver of a default from its lenders, OFS’s existing funding
facilities could be terminated and OFS would then need to obtain alternative
financing to continue its operations.
Possible
market developments could cause OFS’s lenders to require OFS to pledge
additional assets as collateral; if OFS’s assets are insufficient to meet such
collateral requirements, then OFS may be compelled to liquidate particular
assets at an inopportune time, which may cause OFS to incur
losses.
Possible
market developments, including a sharp rise in interest rates, a change in
prepayment rates or increasing market concern about the value or liquidity
of
the types of mortgage assets in OFS’s portfolio, may reduce the market value of
OFS’s portfolio, which may cause OFS’s lenders to require additional collateral
or otherwise limit its ability to borrow. This requirement for additional
collateral may compel OFS to liquidate its assets at a disadvantageous time.
If
the sales are made at prices lower than the amortized cost of such investments,
OFS would incur losses.
RISKS
RELATED TO OFS’S SECURITIZATION ACTIVITIES
An
interruption or reduction in the securitization market or change in terms
offered by this market would hurt OFS’s financial
position.
OFS
is
dependent on the securitization market for the sale of its loans because
it
securitizes loans directly and many of its whole loan buyers purchase its
loans
with the intention to securitize. The securitization market is dependent
upon a
number of factors, including general economic conditions, conditions in the
securities market generally and in the asset-backed securities market
specifically. Similarly, poor performance of OFS’s previously securitized loans
could harm its access to the securitization market. A decline in OFS’s ability
to obtain long-term funding for its mortgage loans in the securitization
market
in general, or in OFS’s ability to obtain attractive terms or in the market's
demand for its loans could harm its results of operations, financial condition
and business prospects, which in turn could harm the Company’s results of
operations, financial condition and the Company’s ability to make distributions
to its stockholders.
Competition
in the securitization market may negatively affect OFS’s results of
operations.
Competition
in the business of sponsoring securitizations of the type OFS focuses on
is
increasing as Wall Street broker-dealers, mortgage REITs, investment management
companies, and other financial institutions expand their activities or enter
this field. Increased competition could reduce OFS’s securitization margins if
OFS has to pay a higher price for the long-term funding of these assets.
To the
extent that OFS’s securitization margins erode, OFS’s results of operations will
be negatively impacted, which in turn will negatively impact the Company’s
results of operations.
Changes
in accounting standards might cause OFS to alter the way it structures or
accounts for securitizations.
Changes
could be made to the current accounting standards which could affect the
way OFS
structures or accounts for securitizations. For example, if changes were
made in
the types of transactions eligible for gain on sale treatment, OFS may have
to
change the way it accounts for securitizations, which may harm OFS’s results of
operations or financial condition and, correspondingly, may harm the Company’s
results of operations or financial condition.
LEGAL
AND TAX RISKS
If
Opteum fails to qualify as a REIT, it will be subject to federal income tax
as a
regular corporation and may face a substantial tax
liability.
Opteum
intends to operate in a manner that allows it to qualify as a REIT for federal
income tax purposes. However, REIT qualification involves the satisfaction
of
numerous requirements (some on an annual or quarterly basis) established
under
technical and complex provisions of the Code, as amended, or the Code, for
which
only a limited number of judicial or administrative interpretations exist.
The
determination that Opteum qualifies as a REIT requires an analysis of various
factual matters and circumstances that may not be totally within its control.
Accordingly, it is not certain Opteum will be able to qualify and remain
qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Even a technical or
inadvertent violation of the REIT requirements could jeopardize Opteum’s REIT
qualification. Furthermore, Congress or the Internal Revenue Service, or
IRS,
might change the tax laws or regulations and the courts might issue new rulings,
in each case potentially having a retroactive effect that could make it more
difficult or impossible for Opteum to qualify as a REIT. If Opteum fails
to
qualify as a REIT in any tax year, then:
•
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it
would be taxed as a regular domestic corporation, which, among
other
things, means that it would be unable to deduct distributions to
stockholders in computing taxable income and would be subject to
federal
income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate rates;
|
•
|
any
resulting tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the
amount
of cash available for distribution to stockholders, and could force
Opteum
to liquidate assets at inopportune times, causing lower income
or higher
losses than would result if these assets were not liquidated; and
|
•
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unless
Opteum was entitled to relief under applicable statutory provisions,
it
would be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the subsequent
four
taxable years following the year during which it lost its qualification,
and its cash available for distribution to its stockholders therefore
would be reduced for each of the years in which it does not qualify
as a
REIT.
|
Even
if
Opteum remains qualified as a REIT, it may face other tax liabilities that
reduce its cash flow. Opteum may also be subject to certain federal, state
and
local taxes on its income and property, and its OFS subsidiary is treated
as a
"taxable REIT subsidiary," which is a fully taxable corporation for federal
income tax purposes. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available for
distribution to the Company’s stockholders.
Complying
with REIT requirements may cause Opteum to forego otherwise attractive
opportunities.
To
qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, Opteum must continually
satisfy tests concerning, among other things, its sources of income, the
nature
and diversification of its assets, the amounts it distributes to its
stockholders and the ownership of its stock. Opteum may also be required
to make
distributions to its stockholders at unfavorable times or when it does not
have
funds readily available for distribution. Thus, compliance with REIT
requirements may hinder Opteum’s ability to operate solely with the goal of
maximizing profits.
In
addition, the REIT provisions of the Code impose a 100% tax on income from
"prohibited transactions." Prohibited transactions generally include sales
of
assets that constitute inventory or other property held for sale to customers
in
the ordinary course of business, other than foreclosure property. This 100%
tax
could impact Opteum’s ability to sell mortgage-related securities at otherwise
opportune times if it believes such sales could result in Opteum being treated
as engaging in prohibited transactions. However, Opteum would not be subject
to
this tax if it were to sell assets through a taxable REIT subsidiary. Opteum
will also be subject to a 100% tax on certain amounts if the economic
arrangements between it and its taxable REIT subsidiary are not comparable
to
similar arrangements among unrelated parties. See "Certain Federal Income
Tax
Considerations."
Complying
with REIT requirements may limit Opteum’s ability to hedge effectively, which
could in turn leave it more exposed to the effects of adverse changes in
interest rates.
The
REIT
provisions of the Code may substantially limit Opteum’s ability to hedge
mortgage-related securities and related borrowings by generally requiring
it to
limit its income in each year from qualified hedges, together with any other
income not generated from qualified REIT real estate assets, to less than
25% of
its gross income. In addition, Opteum must limit its aggregate gross income
from
non-qualified hedges, fees, and certain other non-qualifying sources, to
less
than 5% of its annual gross income. As a result, Opteum may in the future
have
to limit the use of hedges or implement hedges through a taxable REIT
subsidiary. This could result in greater risks associated with changes in
interest rates than Opteum would otherwise want to incur. If Opteum fails
to
satisfy the 25% or 5% limitations, unless its failure was due to reasonable
cause and not due to willful neglect and it meets certain other technical
requirements, it could lose its REIT qualification. Even if Opteum’s failure was
due to reasonable cause, it may have to pay a penalty tax equal to the amount
of
income in excess of certain thresholds, multiplied by a fraction intended
to
reflect its profitability.
Dividends
paid by REITs generally do not qualify for reduced tax rates.
In
general, the maximum federal income tax rate for dividends paid to individual
U.S. stockholders is 15% (through 2008). Dividends paid by REITs, however,
are
generally not eligible for the reduced rates. The more favorable rates
applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause stockholders who are
individuals to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive
than investments in the stock of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends,
which
could adversely affect the value of the stock of REITs, including the Company’s
Class A Common Stock.
To
maintain Opteum’s REIT qualification, Opteum may be forced to borrow funds on
unfavorable terms or sell its securities at unfavorable prices to make
distributions to stockholders.
As
a
REIT, Opteum must distribute at least 90% of its annual net taxable income
(excluding net capital gains) to stockholders. To the extent that Opteum
satisfies this distribution requirement, but distributes less than 100% of
its
net taxable income, it will be subject to federal corporate income tax. In
addition, Opteum will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the
actual
amount that it pays to its stockholders in a calendar year is less than a
minimum amount specified under the Code. From time to time, Opteum may generate
taxable income greater than its income for financial reporting purposes from,
among other things, amortization of capitalized purchase premiums, or its
net
taxable income may be greater than its cash flow available for distribution
to
its stockholders. If Opteum does not have other funds available in these
situations, it could be required to borrow funds, sell a portion of its
mortgage-related securities at unfavorable prices or find other sources of
funds
in order to meet the REIT distribution requirements and to avoid corporate
income tax and the 4% excise tax. These other sources could increase Opteum’s
costs or reduce equity and reduce amounts available to invest in
mortgage-related securities.
Reliance
on legal opinions or statements by issuers of mortgage-related securities
could
result in a failure to comply with REIT gross income or asset
tests.
When
purchasing mortgage-related securities, Opteum may rely on opinions of counsel
for the issuer or sponsor of such securities, or statements made in related
offering documents, for purposes of determining whether and to what extent
those
securities constitute REIT real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset
tests and produce income which qualifies under the REIT gross income tests.
The
inaccuracy of any such opinions or statements may adversely affect Opteum’s REIT
qualification and result in significant corporate-level tax.
Possible
legislative or other actions affecting REITs could adversely affect the Company
and its stockholders.
The
rules
dealing with federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons
involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury
Department. The Company’s business may be harmed by changes to the laws and
regulations affecting it, including changes to securities laws and changes
to
the Code provisions applicable to the taxation of REITs. New legislation
may be
enacted into law, or new interpretations, rulings or regulations could be
adopted, any of which could adversely affect the Company and the Company’s
stockholders, potentially with retroactive effect.
Opteum
may recognize excess inclusion income that would increase the tax liability
of
our stockholders.
If
Opteum
recognizes excess inclusion income and allocates it to stockholders, this
income
cannot be offset by net operating losses of the stockholders. If the stockholder
is a tax-exempt entity, then this income would be fully taxable as unrelated
business taxable income under Section 512 of the Code. If the stockholder
is a
foreign person, such income would be subject to federal income tax withholding
without reduction or exemption pursuant to any otherwise applicable income
tax
treaty. In addition, to the extent the Company’s stock is owned by tax-exempt
"disqualified organizations," such as government-related entities that are
not
subject to tax on unrelated business taxable income, although Treasury
regulations have not yet been drafted to clarify the law, it may incur a
corporate level tax at the highest applicable corporate tax rate on the portion
of Opteum’s excess inclusion income that is allocable to such disqualified
organizations.
Excess
inclusion income could result if Opteum holds a residual interest in a real
estate mortgage investment conduit, or REMIC. Excess inclusion income also
could
be generated if Opteum were to issue debt obligations with two or more
maturities and the terms of the payments on these obligations bore a
relationship to the payments received on the Companys mortgage-related
securities securing those debt obligations (i.e., if Opteum was to own an
interest in a taxable mortgage pool). However, Treasury regulations have
not
been issued regarding the allocation of excess inclusion income to stockholders
of a REIT that owns an interest in a taxable mortgage pool. Opteum does not
expect to acquire significant amounts of residual interests in REMICs, other
than interests owned by OFS, which is treated as a separate taxable entity
for
these purposes. Opteum intends to structure borrowing arrangements in a manner
designed to avoid generating significant amounts of excess inclusion income.
Opteum does, however, expect to enter into various repurchase agreements
that
have differing maturity dates and afford the lender the right to sell any
pledged mortgaged securities if Opteum should default on its obligations.
A
portion of the Company’s distributions may be deemed a return of capital for
U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The
amount of the Company’s distributions to the holders of Class A Common Stock in
a given quarter may not correspond to the taxable income for such quarter.
To
the extent the Company’s distributions exceed the Company’s net taxable income,
the distribution will be treated as a return of capital for federal income
tax
purposes. A return of capital distribution will not be taxable to the extent
of
a stockholder's tax basis in its shares but will reduce a stockholder's basis
in
its shares of Class A Common Stock. In 2006 the Company’s distributions to the
holder of Class A Common Stock exceeded its taxable income by $3.3 million.
The
Company’s reported GAAP financial results differ from the taxable income results
that drive its dividend distributions, and its consolidated balance sheet,
income statement, and statement of cash flows as reported for GAAP purposes
may
be difficult to interpret.
The
Company’s dividend distributions are driven by its dividend distribution
requirements under the REIT tax laws and its profits as calculated for tax
purposes pursuant to the Code. The Company’s reported results for GAAP purposes
differ materially, however, from both its cash flows and its taxable income.
OFS
transfers mortgage loans or mortgage securities held as available-for-sale
into
securitization trusts to obtain long-term non-recourse funding for these
assets.
When OFS surrenders control over the transferred mortgage loans or mortgage
securities held as available-for-sale, the transaction is accounted for as
a
sale. In the future, if OFS retains control over the transferred mortgage
loans
or mortgage securities available-for-sale, the transaction will be accounted
for
as a secured borrowing. These securitization transactions do not differ
materially in their structure or cash flow generation characteristics, yet
under
GAAP accounting these transactions are recorded differently. In securitization
transactions that OFS accounts for as sales, OFS typically records a gain
or
loss on the assets transferred in its income statement and records the retained
interests at fair value on its balance sheet. In securitization transactions
that OFS accounts for as secured borrowings, which OFS may do in the future,
OFS
would consolidate all the assets and liabilities of the trust on its financial
statements. As a result of this and other accounting issues, stockholders
and
analysts must undertake a complex analysis to understand the Company’s economic
cash flows, actual financial leverage, and dividend distribution requirements.
This complexity may hinder the trading of the Company’s stock or may lead
observers to misinterpret its results.
Recent
legislation related to corporate governance may increase the Company’s costs of
compliance and its liability.
Recently
enacted and proposed laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate
governance and disclosure requirements applicable to public companies, including
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new Commission regulations and NYSE rules
have
increased the costs of corporate governance, reporting and disclosure practices.
These costs may increase in the future due to the Company’s continuing
implementation of compliance programs mandated by these requirements. In
addition, these new laws, rules and regulations create new legal bases for
administrative enforcement, civil and criminal proceedings against the Company
in case of non-compliance, thereby increasing the Company’s risks of liability
and potential sanctions.
Failure
to maintain an exemption from the Investment Company Act would harm the
Company’s results of operations.
The
Company intends to conduct its business so as not to become regulated as
an
investment company under the Investment Company Act. If the Company fails
to
qualify for this exemption, its ability to use leverage would be substantially
reduced and it would be unable to conduct its business. The Investment Company
Act exempts entities that are primarily engaged in the business of purchasing
or
otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on, and interests in, real
estate.
Under the current interpretation of the SEC staff, in order to qualify for
this
exemption, the Company must maintain at least 55% of its assets directly
in
these qualifying real estate interests, with at least 25% of remaining assets
invested in real estate-related securities. Mortgage-related securities that
do
not represent all of the certificates issued with respect to an underlying
pool
of mortgages may be treated as separate from the underlying mortgage loans
and,
thus, may not qualify for purposes of the 55% requirement. Therefore, the
Company’s ownership of these mortgage-related securities is limited by the
provisions of the Investment Company Act.
As
of
December 31, 2006, 63.7% of the Company’s portfolio constituted qualifying
interests in mortgage-related securities for purposes of the Investment Company
Act. In satisfying the 55% requirement under the Investment Company Act,
the
Company treats as qualifying interests mortgage-related securities issued
with
respect to an underlying pool as to which it holds all issued certificates.
If
the SEC or its staff adopts a contrary interpretation of such treatment,
the
Company could be required to sell a substantial amount of its mortgage-related
securities under potentially adverse market conditions. Further, in order
to
ensure that the Company at all times qualify for the exemption under the
Investment Company Act, it may be precluded from acquiring mortgage-related
securities whose yield is higher than the yield on mortgage-related securities
that could be purchased in a manner consistent with the exemption. These
factors
may lower or eliminate the Company’s net income.
OTHER
RISKS
Hedging
transactions may adversely affect the Company’s earnings, which could adversely
affect cash available for distribution to its
stockholders.
The
Company may enter into interest rate cap or swap agreements or pursue other
hedging strategies, including the purchase of puts, calls or other options
and
futures contracts. The Company’s hedging activity will vary in scope based on
the level and volatility of interest rates and principal prepayments, the
type
of MBS it holds, and other changing market conditions. Hedging may fail to
protect or could adversely affect the Company because, among other things:
•
|
hedging
can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising and volatile
interest rates;
|
•
|
available
interest rate hedging may not correspond directly with the interest
rate
risk for which protection is sought;
|
•
|
the
duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related
liability;
|
•
|
certain
types of hedges may expose the Company to risk of loss beyond the
fee paid
to initiate the hedge;
|
•
|
the
amount of income that a REIT may earn from hedging transactions
is limited
by federal income tax provisions governing REITs;
|
•
|
the
credit quality of the party owing money on the hedge may be downgraded
to
such an extent that it impairs the Company’s ability to sell or assign its
side of the hedging transaction; and
|
•
|
the
party owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its
obligation
to pay.
|
The
Company’s hedging activity may adversely affect the Company’s earnings, which
could adversely affect cash available for distribution to stockholders.
Terrorist
attacks and other acts of violence or war may affect any market for the
Company’s Class A Common Stock, the industry in which the Company conducts its
operations, and its profitability.
Terrorist
attacks may harm the Company’s results of operations and the investments of
stockholders. The Company cannot assure you that there will not be further
terrorist attacks against the United States or U.S. businesses. These attacks
or
armed conflicts may directly impact the property underlying the Company’s
mortgage-related securities or the securities markets in general. Losses
resulting from these types of events are uninsurable. More generally, any
of
these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or
result
in increased volatility in the United States and worldwide financial markets
and
economies. They also could result in economic uncertainty in the United States
or abroad. Adverse economic conditions could harm the value of the property
underlying the Company’s mortgage-related securities or the securities markets
in general, which could harm its operating results and revenues and may result
in the volatility of the market value of its Class A Common Stock.
Current
loan performance data may not be indicative of future results.
When
making capital budgeting and other decisions, the Company uses projections,
estimates and assumptions based on the Company’s experience with mortgage loans.
Actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially in
adverse ways from those projected, due to factors including changes in general
economic conditions, fluctuations in interest rates, fluctuations in mortgage
loan prepayment rates and fluctuations in losses due to defaults on mortgage
loans. These differences and fluctuations could rise to levels that may
adversely affect the Company’s profitability.
Changes
in interest rates may reduce the Company’s liquidity, financial condition and
results of operations resulting in a decline in the value of the Company’s Class
A Common Stock.
The
Company’s results of operations will be derived in part from the spread between
the yield on Opteum’s MBS assets and the cost of Opteum’s borrowings. There is
no assurance that there will be a positive spread in either high interest
rate
environments or low interest rate environments, or that the spread will not
be
negative as has recently been in the case. Changes in interest rates may
reduce
the Company’s liquidity, financial condition and results of operations and may
cause the Company’s funding costs, both at Opteum and OFS, to exceed income. In
addition, during periods of high interest rates, the Company’s dividend yield on
its Class A Common Stock may be less attractive compared to alternative
investments of equal or lower risk. Each of these factors could negatively
affect the market value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock.
The
Company’s financial position has deteriorated during 2006. Continued
deterioration may negatively affect the Company’s liquidity, results of
operations and the value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock.
The
Company’s financial position deteriorated during 2006 due in part to an inverted
yield curve and competitive conditions in the mortgage origination market.
Although the Company has taken actions and is evaluating other actions intended
to improve the Company’s financial position and liquidity, there can be no
assurance that the Company’s efforts will be successful. Continued deterioration
may negatively affect liquidity, results of operations and the value of the
Company’s Class A Common Stock.
Opteum
has guaranteed certain obligations of OFS. If OFS fails to meet its financial
obligations, Opteum may be forced to liquidate certain of Opteum’s MBS assets to
satisfy these guarantees which could negatively affect the Opteum’s liquidity,
results of operations and the value of the Company’s Class A Common Stock and
may result in margin calls from Opteum’s lenders.
Opteum
has guaranteed certain obligations of OFS, including obligations under OFS’s
funding facilities. Although OFS’s funding facilities are secured by collateral,
if OFS is unable to fulfill its obligations under such facilities and the
value
of the collateral is insufficient to repay OFS’s obligations, Opteum may be
required to pay such deficiency under its guarantees of OFS’s obligations. To
pay such deficiency, Opteum may be required to sell MBS portfolio assets
to
generate the cash necessary to pay OFS’s creditors and such sales may negatively
affect the Company’s liquidity, results of operations and the value of the
Company’s Class A Common Stock. These sales may also result in margin calls from
Opteum’s lenders and transaction counterparties.
The
Company’s board of directors may change its operating policies and strategies
without prior notice or stockholder approval and such changes could harm
its
business and results of operations and the value of its Class A Common
Stock.
Although
the Company’s board of directors has no current plans to do so, it has the
authority to modify or waive its current operating policies and its strategies
(including its election to operate as a REIT) without prior notice to the
stockholder and without stockholders approval. Any such changes to the Company’s
current operating policies and strategies may be unsuccessful and may have
an
adverse effect on its business, operating results and the market value of
its
Class A Common Stock.
ITEM
1B. UNRESOLVED
STAFF COMMENTS.
None.
ITEM
2. PROPERTIES.
The
Company believes its properties and leasehold interests are adequate for
the
conduct of its business as currently conducted.
The
Company's executive offices and principal administrative offices are located
at
3305 Flamingo Drive, Vero Beach, Florida 32963, an office building that Opteum
purchased in December 2004.
In
addition, OFS’s primary office space is leased at W115 Century Road, Paramus, NJ
07652. This lease expires May 31, 2009. The annual rent for this location
is
approximately $840,000.
As
of
December 31, 2006, OFS leased offices in an additional 33 locations in 8
states,
with remaining lease terms expiring at various dates through December 14,
2012.
The aggregate annual rent for these locations is approximately $6.0 million.
ITEM
3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
The
Company is involved in various lawsuits and claims, both actual and potential,
including some that it has asserted against others, in which monetary and
other
damages are sought. These lawsuits and claims relate primarily to contractual
disputes arising out of the ordinary course of the Company’s business. The
outcome of such lawsuits and claims is inherently unpredictable. However,
management believes that, in the aggregate, the outcome of all lawsuits and
claims involving the Company will not have a material effect on the Company’s
consolidated financial position or liquidity; however, any such outcome may
be
material to the results of operations of any particular period in which costs,
if any, are recognized.
ITEM
4. SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None.
PART
II
ITEM
5. MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
MARKET
INFORMATION
The
Company's Class A Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol "OPX".
The
Company's trading symbol on the NYSE was previously “BMM” and traded as “BMM”
from September 16, 2004 through February 9, 2006. The Company changed its
name
from Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. to Opteum Inc. and its NYSE symbol
to
“OPX” effective February 10, 2006. On
March
6, 2007, the last sales price of the Class A Common Stock on the NYSE was
$4.70 per share. The following table sets forth the high and low closing
sale
prices for the Company's Class A Common Stock as reported on the NYSE
during 2005 and 2006.
Class
A Common Stock
|
||||||||
2005
|
2006
|
|||||||
High
|
Low
|
High
|
Low
|
|||||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
15.91
|
$
|
13.80
|
$
|
9.94
|
$
|
7.78
|
Second
Quarter
|
$
|
15.10
|
$
|
13.23
|
$
|
9.19
|
$
|
7.85
|
Third
Quarter
|
$
|
14.25
|
$
|
11.25
|
$
|
8.95
|
$
|
7.94
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
$
|
11.31
|
$
|
8.85
|
$
|
8.60
|
$
|
6.80
|
As
of
January
3, 2007,
the
Company had 24,515,717 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, which
were held by 478 holders of record. The 477 holders of record include
Cede & Co., which holds shares as nominee for The Depository Trust
Company, which itself holds shares on behalf of over 100 beneficial owners
of
the Company's Class A Common Stock.
As
of
January 3, 2007, the Company had 319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock
outstanding, which were held by 2 holders of record.
As
of
January 3, 2007, the Company had 319,388 shares of Class C Common Stock
outstanding, which were held by one holder of record.
There
is
no established public trading market for Class B Common Stock or Class C
Common
Stock.
DIVIDEND
DISTRIBUTION POLICY
The
Company’s ability to distribute the earnings of its taxable REIT subsidiary,
OFS, is accomplished through the payment of some or all of their after-tax
net
income in the form of dividends to the parent. Certain contractual agreements
with OFS’s lenders may, under certain circumstances, limit the ability of OFS to
pay dividends to the parent. Such restrictions also apply to interest on
Opteum’s inter-company loans to OFS.
The
following table sets forth the cash distributions declared per share on the
Company’s Class A and Class B Common Stock in 2006 and 2005:
Cash
Distributions Declared Per Share
|
||||
2005
|
2006
|
|||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
0.53
|
$
|
0.11
|
Second
Quarter
|
$
|
0.40
|
$
|
0.25
|
Third
Quarter
|
$
|
0.38
|
$
|
0.05
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
$
|
0.14
|
$
|
0.05
|
In
order
to maintain its qualification as a REIT under the Code, Opteum must make
distributions to its stockholders each year in an amount at least equal to:
•
|
90%
of its REIT taxable income (computed without regard to Opteum's
deduction
for dividends paid and its net capital gains);
|
•
|
plus
90% of the excess of net income from foreclosure property over
the tax
imposed on such income by the Code;
|
•
|
minus
any excess non-cash income that exceeds a percentage of its income.
|
In
general, Opteum's distributions will be applied toward these requirements
if
paid in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable
year
if the distributions are declared before it timely files its tax return for
that
year, the distributions are paid on or before the first regular distribution
payment following the declaration, and it elects on its tax return to have
a
specified dollar amount of such distributions treated as if paid in the prior
year. Distributions declared by Opteum in October, November or December of
one
taxable year and payable to a stockholder of record on a specific date in
such a
month are treated as both paid by Opteum and received by the stockholder
during
such taxable year, provided that the distribution is actually paid by Opteum
by
January 31 of the following taxable year.
The
$0.05
dividend for the fourth quarter 2006, as shown in the foregoing schedule,
will
be treated for tax purposes for both the Company and its stockholders as
a year
2007 dividend. While this dividend was declared by the Board of Directors
in 2006, both the shareholder of record date and the payment date occurred
in
2007. For GAAP financial reporting purposes, the dividend is a year 2006
event because it was declared by the Board of Directors in December
2006.
Opteum
anticipates that distributions generally will be taxable as ordinary income
to
its stockholders, although a portion of such distributions may be designated
by
it as capital gain or may constitute a return of capital, as occurred in
2006.
Opteum furnishes annually to each of its stockholders a statement setting
forth
distributions paid during the preceding year and their characterization as
ordinary income, return of capital or capital gains.
EQUITY
COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
The
plan
documents for the plans described in the footnotes below are included as
Exhibits to this Form 10-K, and are incorporated herein by reference in their
entirety. The following table provides information as of December 31, 2006,
regarding the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that may be issued
under
the Company’s equity compensation plans.
Plan
Category
|
Total
number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding
options,
warrants and rights
(a)
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and
rights
(b)
|
Number
of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column
(a))
|
Equity
compensation plans approved by security holders (1)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Equity
compensation plans not approved by security holders (2)
|
504,644
(3)
|
-
|
3,495,356
(4)
|
Total
|
504,644
|
-
|
3,495,356
|
(1)
The
Company has no equity compensation plans that have been approved by
shareholders.
(2)
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders include the Opteum
Inc.
2003 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “LTI Plan”) and the Opteum Inc. 2004
Performance Bonus Plan (the “Performance Bonus Plan”). The LTI Plan is a
broad-based equity incentive plan that permits the grant of stock options,
restricted stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights and other
stock-based awards. Subject to adjustment upon certain corporate transactions
or
events, a maximum of 4,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock (but no more
than
10% of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding on any
particular grant date) may be subject to awards under the LTI Plan. The
Performance Bonus Plan is an annual bonus plan that permits the issuance
of the
Company’s Class A Common Stock in payment of stock-based awards made under the
plan. In 2006, no stock-based awards were made under the Performance Bonus
Plan. No shares of the Company’s stock have ever been issued under the
Performance Bonus Plan.
(3)
Represents the aggregate number of shares of Class A Common Stock remaining
to
be issued upon settlement of phantom share awards granted pursuant to the
LTI
Plan and outstanding as of December 31, 2006.
(4)
Represents the maximum number of shares remaining available for future issuance
under the terms of the LTI Plan irrespective of the 10% limitation described
in
footnote 2 above (i.e., 4,000,000 shares less the 504,644 shares reflected
in
column (a) above). Taking into account the 10% limitation and the number
of
shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2006, the maximum
number of shares remaining available for future issuance under the terms
of the
LTI Plan as of December 31, 2006, was 1,946,928 shares.
SHARE
PRICE PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The
following graph compares the total cumulative stockholder return from a
$100
investment in the Company’s Class A Common Stock and in the stocks making
up three comparative stock indices on September 16, 2004 (the date of the
Company’s listing on the NYSE) through December 31, 2006. The graph
reflects stock price appreciation and the value of dividends paid on the
Class A Common Stock and for each of the comparative
indices.
The
above
graph does not reflect the Company’s third quarter dividend paid on October 8,
2004, because the record date of this dividend was prior to the Company’s
listing on the NYSE. Also, as noted above, this graph illustrates the Company’s
return vs. three competitive stock indices including the Russell 2000 Index,
the
Dow Jones KBW Mortgage Finance Index, and an RMBS REIT Index developed by
the
Company. The Residential Mortgage-backed Securitization (“RMBS”) REIT Index
weights Annaly Capital Management, Inc., Anworth Mortgage Asset Corporation,
Luminent Mortgage Capital, Inc. and MFA Mortgage Investments, Inc. by market
cap
at the beginning of the same period.
ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The
following table shows Company repurchases of its common stock for each calendar
month during the quarter ended December 31, 2006.
Calendar
Month
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased (1)
|
Average
Price Paid per Share
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans
or
Programs
|
Maximum
Amount That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or
Programs
|
||||
October
2006
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||
November
2006
|
16,809
|
7.84
|
-
|
-
|
||||
December
2006
|
703
|
7.20
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Total
|
17,512
|
$
|
7.52
|
-
|
-
|
(1) The
shares indicated in this table represent shares of common stock deemed to
be
repurchased in connection with the withholding of a portion of shares of
Class A
Common Stock to cover taxes on vested phantom shares.
ITEM
6. SELECTED
FINANCIAL DATA.
The
following selected financial data is derived from the Company’s audited
financial statements. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction
with the more detailed information contained in the Company’s financial
statements and related notes and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this
report.
Readers
are cautioned that because the merger with OFS did not close until the fourth
quarter of 2005, the results of operations of OFS are only included in the
Company’s results of operations for the period November 3, 2005 (date of merger)
through December 31, 2006, making comparisons to the Company’s 2005 and 2004
results less meaningful.
Opteum
Inc.
|
||||||||
Selected
Financial Data
|
||||||||
(Amounts
in thousands, except per share data)
|
||||||||
Year
Ended December 31, 2006
|
Year
Ended December 31, 2005
|
Year
Ended December 31, 2004
|
September
24, 2003 (inception) through December 31, 2003
|
|||||
Consolidated
Statements of Operations Data:
|
||||||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
255,008
|
$
|
160,641
|
$
|
49,634
|
$
|
71
|
Interest
expense
|
(241,483)
|
(123,659)
|
(22,635)
|
(20)
|
||||
Net
interest income
|
13,525
|
36,982
|
26,999
|
51
|
||||
Other
non-interest income
|
15,670
|
825
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Net
gain on sales of mortgage-backed-securities
|
-
|
1,994
|
95
|
-
|
||||
Net
servicing fee income (loss)
|
(8,199)
|
1,493
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Expenses:
|
||||||||
Compensation
and related benefits
|
35,003
|
10,986
|
2,498
|
36
|
||||
Other
expenses
|
62,806
|
10,245
|
1,739
|
282
|
||||
Total
expenses
|
97,809
|
21,231
|
4,237
|
318
|
||||
Minority
Interest
|
49
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Income
tax benefit
|
27,218
|
4,220
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
(49,546)
|
$
|
24,283
|
$
|
22,857
|
$
|
(267)
|
Basic
and diluted income (loss) per Class A common share
|
$
|
(2.03)
|
$
|
1.12
|
$
|
1.97
|
$
|
(0.54)
|
Weighted
average number of Class A common shares outstanding, used in computing
basic and diluted per share amounts
|
24,066
|
21,422
|
11,452
|
498
|
||||
Basic
and diluted income (loss) per Class B common share
|
$
|
(1.99)
|
$
|
1.16
|
2.05
|
$
|
-
|
|
Weighted
average number of Class B common shares outstanding, used in computing
basic and diluted per share amounts
|
319
|
319
|
160
|
-
|
||||
Dividends
declared per Class A common share
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
1.45
|
$
|
1.97
|
$
|
-
|
Dividends
declared per Class B common share
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
1.45
|
$
|
1.06
|
$
|
-
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheet Data:
|
||||||||
Mortgage-backed
securities, at fair value
|
$
|
5,715
|
$
|
539
|
$
|
72,074
|
$
|
27,751
|
Mortgage-backed
securities pledged as collateral, at fair value
|
2,803,019
|
3,493,490
|
2,901,159
|
197,991
|
||||
Total
mortgage-backed securities, at fair value
|
2,808,734
|
3,494,029
|
2,973,233
|
225,742
|
||||
Total
assets
|
3,937,634
|
4,805,102
|
3,128,418
|
245,286
|
||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
2,741,680
|
3,337,598
|
2,771,163
|
188,841
|
||||
Long
term obligations
|
103,097
|
103,097
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Total
liabilities
|
3,745,199
|
4,552,613
|
2,845,455
|
188,970
|
||||
Total
stockholders' equity
|
$
|
192,435
|
$
|
252,488
|
$
|
282,962
|
$
|
56,315
|
Class
A common shares outstanding
|
24,516
|
23,567
|
20,369
|
4,012
|
||||
Class
A Redeemable preferred shares outstanding
|
-
|
1,223
|
-
|
-
|
ITEM
7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS.
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
When
used
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in future filings with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) or in press releases or other written
or oral communications, statements which are not historical in nature, including
those containing words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “should,” “expect,”
“believe,” “intend” and similar expressions, are intended to identify
“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”).
These
forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties,
including, but not limited to, those described or incorporated by reference
in
Part I - Item 1A - Risk Factors of this Form 10-K. These and other risks,
uncertainties and factors, including those described in reports that the
Company
files from time to time with the Commission, could cause the Company’s actual
results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward-looking
statements. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they
are
made and the Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims, any
obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect
events
or circumstances occurring after the date of such statements.
The
following discussion of the financial condition and results of operations
should
be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and
related notes included elsewhere in this report.
DIVIDENDS
TO STOCKHOLDERS
In
order
to maintain its qualification as a REIT, Opteum is required (among other
provisions) to annually distribute dividends to its stockholders in an amount
at
least equal to, generally, 90% of Opteum’s REIT taxable income. REIT taxable
income is a term that describes Opteum’s operating results calculated in
accordance with rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to the Internal
Revenue Code.
Opteum’s
REIT taxable income is computed differently from net income as computed in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP net income"),
as
reported in the Company’s accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Depending on the number and size of the various items or transactions being
accounted for differently, the differences between REIT taxable income and
GAAP
net income can be substantial and each item can affect several reporting
periods. Generally, these items are timing or temporary differences between
years; for example, an item that may be a deduction for GAAP net income in
the
current year may not be a deduction for REIT taxable income until a later
year.
As
a
REIT, Opteum may be subject to a federal excise tax if Opteum distributes
less
than 85% of its taxable income by the end of the calendar year. Accordingly,
Opteum’s dividends are based on its taxable income, as determined for federal
income tax purposes, as opposed to its net income computed in accordance
with
GAAP (as reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements).
In
future
periods, Opteum’s REIT taxable income may grow to be even greater than the
Company’s consolidated GAAP net income because Opteum earns taxable interest
income on an inter-company loan that Opteum has made to OFS. Although this
taxable interest income is not reported on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements because it is eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP,
it
is included in Opteum’s REIT taxable income that must be distributed annually to
stockholders.
The
Company’s ability to distribute the earnings of its taxable REIT subsidiary,
OFS, is accomplished through the payment of some or all of their after-tax
net
income in the form of dividends to the parent. Certain contractual agreements
with OFS’s lenders may, under certain circumstances, limit the ability of OFS to
pay dividends to the parent. Such restrictions also apply to interest on
Opteum’s inter-company loans to OFS described above.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
2006
v. 2005 PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW
Described
below are the Company’s results of operations for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2006, as compared to the Company’s results of operations for the
twelve months ended December 31, 2005. Readers are cautioned that because
the
merger with OFS did not close until the fourth quarter of 2005, the results
of
operations of OFS are only included in the Company’s results of operations for
the period November 3, 2005 through December 31, 2005, making comparisons
to the
Company’s prior year results less meaningful.
The
Company’s results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006,
were negatively affected by changes in various
market interest rates, including short-term rates, due primarily to the monetary
policy actions
of
the Federal Reserve during this period. The Company’s financing is based on
short-term rates, which increased
during these periods faster than the yields on Opteum’s MBS portfolio.
The
increase in short-term borrowing rates also negatively impacted the net interest
spread earned by OFS on its mortgage loans held for sale due to increases
in the
funding costs associated with warehouse lines of credit used to fund its
mortgage loan originations.
Consolidated
net income/(loss) for the year ended December 31, 2006, was ($49.5)
million,
compared
to $24.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, respectively.
Consolidated net loss per basic and diluted share of Class A Common Stock
was ($2.03) for the year ended December 31, 2006, compared to $1.12 of per
share
income, for the comparable prior periods.
Included
in the Company’s consolidated results is $13.5 million of consolidated net
interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006, compared to $37.0 million
of net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2005. For the twelve
months ended December 31, 2006, consolidated interest income of $255.0 million
was partially offset by consolidated interest expense of $241.5 million.
These
figures are not reflected as annualized net yields on invested assets as
was
previously reported since the figures represent blended net interest earnings
on
both Opteum’s MBS portfolio and mortgage loans held for sale by OFS.
For
the
twelve months ended December 31, 2006, the Company’s consolidated general and
administrative costs were $96.8 million. Operating expenses, which incorporate
trading costs, fees and other direct costs, were $1.0 million for the twelve
months ended December 31, 2006.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, comprehensive income/(loss) was ($49.8) million
including the net unrealized gain/(loss) on available-for-sale securities
of
($10.3) million and the reclassification of $10.0 million other-than-temporary
losses on certain MBS assets expected to be sold in 2007. For the year ended
December 31, 2005, comprehensive income/(loss) was ($49.1) million including
the
net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities of ($73.3) million.
The
factors resulting in the unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
are
described below.
Comprehensive
(loss) income is as follows:
(in
thousands)
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(49,546)
|
$
|
24,283
|
$
|
22,857
|
Reclassify
other-than-temporary loss on MBS
|
9,971
|
-
|
-
|
|||
|
||||||
Plus
unrealized (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net
|
(10,250)
|
(73,345)
|
(1,041)
|
|||
|
||||||
Comprehensive
(loss)
|
$
|
(49,825)
|
$
|
(49,062)
|
$
|
(21,816)
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss, as reflected in stockholders’ equity, increased
approximately $0.3 million from December 31, 2005, to December 31,
2006. This is reflective of an overall decline in the fair value of
Opteum’s MBS portfolio as compared to the original aggregate purchase price of
Opteum’s MBS as well as the reclassification of other-than-temporary losses from
accumulated other comprehensive loss to the income statement for the MBS
assets
that were expected to be sold in the first quarter of 2007. Changes in
interest rates over time are the primary market factor for this value decline;
generally, as interest rates rise, the value of long-term interest rate
sensitive securities decline. The value of the majority of Opteum’s assets is
driven by movements in short-term rates—rates typically less than two years—and
these rates increased substantially over the period. Additionally, as
longer-term rates decreased, prepayment expectations increased resulting
in a
widening in the spreads at which Opteum’s assets are priced.
The
Company has negative retained earnings (titled “Accumulated deficit” in the
stockholders’ equity section of the accompanying consolidated financial
statements) at December 31, 2006 and 2005, partially because of the consequences
of Opteum’s tax qualification as a REIT. As is more fully described in the
“Dividends to Stockholders” section above, Opteum’s dividends are based on
its REIT taxable income, as determined for federal income tax purposes, and
not
on its net income computed in accordance with GAAP (as reported in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements).
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, Opteum's REIT taxable income was approximately
$12.0 million greater than Opteum's net income computed in accordance with
GAAP.
During 2006, Opteum’s most significant items and transactions being accounted
for differently for tax than for GAAP include interest on inter-company loans
with OFS, other-than-temporary impairment losses on the MBS portfolio, equity
plan stock awards, depreciation of property and equipment and the accounting
for
debt issuance costs. The impairment losses on the MBS portfolio will be
recognized in 2007 for tax purposes as the actual sales of the securities
are
completed. The debt issuance costs are being amortized, and property and
equipment are being depreciated, over different useful lives for tax purposes.
The future deduction of equity plan stock compensation against REIT taxable
income is uncertain both as to the year (as the timing of the tax impact
of each
restricted stock award is up to each employee who has received a grant) and
as
to the amount, because the tax impact is measured at the fair value of the
shares as of a future date, and this amount may be greater than or less than
the
financial statement expense already recognized by Opteum. Since inception
through December 31, 2006, Opteum's taxable income is approximately $14.9
million greater than Opteum's financial statement net income as computed
in
accordance with GAAP.
Therefore,
to the extent that Opteum’s cumulative REIT taxable income is greater than
cumulative GAAP net income and Opteum continues to pay out as dividends all
of
its REIT taxable income, the Company will continue to report a deficit in
retained earnings on its balance sheet.
2006
v. 2005 PERFORMANCE OF OPTEUM’S MBS PORTFOLIO
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, the REIT generated $10.6 million of net interest
income. Included in these results were $179.9 million of interest income,
offset
by $169.3 million of interest expense. For
the
year ended December 31, 2005, the REIT generated $37.1 million of net interest
income, including $154.5 million of interest income, offset by $117.5 million
of
interest expense.
Opteum
recorded a $10.0 million other-than-temporary loss during the year ended
December 31, 2006 associated with certain MBS assets that were expected to
be
sold in the first quarter of 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2005,
Opteum
reported $2.0 million in gains from the sale of MBS.
At
December 31, 2006, Opteum’s MBS portfolio consisted of $2.8 billion of agency or
government MBS at fair value and had a weighted average yield on assets of
4.77%
and a net weighted average borrowing cost of 5.31%. The following tables
summarize Opteum’s agency and government mortgage related securities as of
December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Asset
Category
|
Market
Value
|
Percentage
of
Entire
Portfolio
|
Weighted
Average
Coupon
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
in
Months
|
Longest
Maturity
|
Weighted
Average
Coupon
Reset
in Months
|
Weighted
Average
Lifetime
Cap
|
Weighted
Average
Periodic
Cap
|
|
Adjustable-Rate
MBS
|
$
|
2,105,818
|
74.98%
|
5.12%
|
324
|
1-Apr-44
|
4.63
|
10.26%
|
1.80%
|
Fixed-Rate
MBS
|
585,911
|
20.86%
|
6.49%
|
250
|
1-Sep-36
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
|
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate MBS
|
76,488
|
2.72%
|
4.71%
|
331
|
1-Nov-35
|
19.15
|
10.29%
|
1.98%
|
|
Balloon
Maturity MBS
|
40,517
|
1.44%
|
4.02%
|
36
|
1-Feb-11
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
|
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
2,808,734
|
100.00%
|
5.38%
|
305
|
1-Apr-44
|
5.14
|
10.26%
|
1.80%
|
Agency
|
Market
Value
|
Percentage
of
Entire
Portfolio
|
|
Fannie
Mae
|
$
|
1,887,110
|
67.19%
|
Freddie
Mac
|
498,861
|
17.76%
|
|
Ginnie
Mae
|
422,763
|
15.05%
|
|
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
2,808,734
|
100.00%
|
Entire
Portfolio
|
||
Weighted
Average Purchase Price
|
$
|
102.34
|
Weighted
Average Current Price
|
$
|
101.04
|
Effective
Duration (1)
|
1.023
|
(1)
|
Effective
duration of 1.02 indicates that an interest rate increase of 1%
would be
expected to cause a 1.02% decline in the value of the MBS in the
Company’s
investment portfolio.
|
In
evaluating Opteum’s MBS portfolio assets and their performance, Opteum’s
management team primarily evaluates these critical factors: asset performance
in
differing interest rate environments, duration of the security, yield to
maturity, potential for prepayment of principal and the market price of the
investment.
Opteum’s
portfolio of MBS will typically be comprised of adjustable-rate, fixed-rate,
hybrid adjustable-rate MBS and balloon maturity. Opteum seeks to acquire
low
duration assets that offer high levels of protection from mortgage prepayments.
Although the duration of an individual asset can change as a result of changes
in interest rates, Opteum strives to maintain a portfolio with an effective
duration of less than 2.0. The stated contractual final maturity of the mortgage
loans underlying Opteum’s portfolio of MBS generally ranges up to 30 years.
However, the effect of prepayments of the underlying mortgage loans tends
to
shorten the resulting cash flows from Opteum’s investments substantially.
Prepayments occur for various reasons, including refinancing of underlying
mortgages and loan payoffs in connection with home sales. In order to reduce
leverage Opteum did not reinvest most of the proceeds of the mortgage loan
prepayments and scheduled principal payments that occurred from May through
the
end of 2006. The last time mortgage assets were added to the Opteum portfolio
was on November 15, 2006.
Prepayments
on the loans underlying Opteum’s MBS can alter the timing of the cash flows from
the underlying loans to the Company. As a result, Opteum gauges the interest
rate sensitivity of its assets by measuring their effective duration. While
modified duration measures the price sensitivity of a bond to movements in
interest rates, effective duration captures both the movement in interest
rates
and the fact that cash flows to a mortgage related security are altered when
interest rates move. Accordingly, when the contract interest rate on a mortgage
loan is substantially above prevailing interest rates in the market, the
effective duration of securities collateralized by such loans can be quite
low
because of expected prepayments. Although some of the fixed-rate MBS in Opteum’s
portfolio are collateralized by loans with a lower propensity to prepay when
the
contract rate is above prevailing rates, their price movements track securities
with like contract rates and therefore exhibit similar effective duration.
At
December 31, 2006, approximately 50.8% of Opteum’s 15-year fixed-rate coupon MBS
and approximately 46.3% of Opteum’s 30-year fixed-rate coupon MBS contain only
loans with principal balances of $85,000 or less. Because of the low loan
balance on these mortgages, Opteum believes borrowers have a lower economic
incentive to refinance and have historically prepaid more slowly than comparable
securities.
The
value
of Opteum’s MBS portfolio changes as interest rates rise or fall. Opteum faces
the risk that the market value of its assets will increase or decrease at
different rates than that of its liabilities, including its hedging instruments.
Opteum primarily assesses its interest rate risk by estimating the duration
of
its assets and the duration of its liabilities. Duration essentially measures
the market price volatility of financial instruments as interest rates change.
Opteum generally calculates duration using various financial models and
empirical data and different models and methodologies can produce different
duration numbers for the same securities.
The
following sensitivity analysis shows the estimated impact on the fair value
of
Opteum's interest rate-sensitive investments at December 31, 2006, assuming
rates instantaneously fall 100 basis points, rise 100 basis points and rise
200
basis points:
(in
thousands)
Interest
Rates Fall
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
200
Basis Points
|
||||
Adjustable-Rate
MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,105,818)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
12,771
|
$
|
(12,771)
|
$
|
(25,542)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.61%
|
(0.61%)
|
(1.21%)
|
|||
Fixed-Rate
MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $585,911)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
15,468
|
$
|
(15,468)
|
$
|
(30,937)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
2.64%
|
(2.64%)
|
(5.28%)
|
|||
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $76,488)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
1,095
|
$
|
(1,095)
|
$
|
(2,189)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.43%
|
(1.43%)
|
(2.86%)
|
|||
Balloon
Maturity MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $40,517)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
790
|
$
|
(790)
|
$
|
(1,579)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.95%
|
(1.95%)
|
(3.90%)
|
|||
Cash
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $92,506)
|
||||||
Portfolio
Total
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,808,734)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
30,124
|
$
|
(30,124)
|
$
|
(60,247)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.07%
|
(1.07%)
|
(2.14%)
|
The
table
below reflects the same analysis presented above but with the figures in
the
columns that indicate the estimated impact of a 100 basis point fall or rise
adjusted to reflect the impact of convexity.
(in
thousands)
Interest
Rates Fall
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
200
Basis Points
|
||||
Adjustable-Rate
MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,105,818)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
6,300
|
$
|
(17,333)
|
$
|
(43,646)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.30%
|
(0.82%)
|
(2.07%)
|
|||
Fixed-Rate
MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $585,911)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
11,410
|
$
|
(18,190)
|
$
|
(39,909)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.95%
|
(3.10%)
|
(6.81%)
|
|||
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $76,488)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
841
|
$
|
(1,297)
|
$
|
(2,926)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.10%
|
(1.70%)
|
(3.83%)
|
|||
Balloon
Maturity MBS
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $40,517)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
743
|
$
|
(803)
|
$
|
(1,604)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.83%
|
(1.98%)
|
(3.96%)
|
|||
Cash
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $92,506)
|
||||||
Portfolio
Total
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,808,734)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
19,294
|
$
|
(37,623)
|
$
|
(88,085)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.69%
|
(1.34%)
|
(3.14%)
|
In
addition to changes in interest rates, other factors impact the fair value
of
Opteum's interest rate-sensitive investments and hedging instruments, such
as
the shape of the yield curve, market expectations as to future interest rate
changes and other market conditions. Accordingly, in the event of changes
in
actual interest rates, the change in the fair value of Opteum's assets would
likely differ from that shown above and such difference might be material
and
adverse to Opteum's stockholders.
For
reference, the table below shows the principal balance of Opteum’s investment
securities, the net unamortized premium, amortized cost of securities held,
average cost expressed as a price, the fair market value of investments and
the
fair market value expressed as a price for the current quarter and each of
the
previous eleven quarters for the portfolio of MBS securities only. The
data in the table below does not include information pertaining to
OFS.
(in
thousands)
Quarter
Ended
|
Principal
Balance
of
Investment
Securities
Held
|
Unamortized
Premium
(Net)
|
Amortized
Cost of
Securities
Held
|
Amortized
Cost/Principal
Balance
Held
|
Fair
Market
Value
of
Investment
Securities
Held
|
Fair
Market
Value/Principal
Balance
Held
|
||||
At
December 31, 2006
|
$
|
2,779,867
|
$
|
115,612
|
$
|
2,895,479
|
104.16
|
$
|
2,808,734
|
101.04
|
At
September 30, 2006
|
3,055,791
|
122,300
|
3,178,091
|
104.00
|
3,080,060
|
100.79
|
||||
At
June 30, 2006
|
3,396,910
|
120,769
|
3,517,679
|
103.56
|
3,407,288
|
100.31
|
||||
At
March 31,2006
|
3,515,113
|
111,361
|
3,626,473
|
103.17
|
3,538,554
|
100.67
|
||||
At
December 31, 2005
|
3,457,891
|
112,636
|
3,570,527
|
103.26
|
3,494,029
|
101.05
|
||||
At
September 30, 2005
|
3,797,401
|
113,393
|
3,910,793
|
102.99
|
3,858,320
|
101.60
|
||||
At
June 30, 2005
|
3,784,668
|
114,673
|
3,899,341
|
103.03
|
3,876,206
|
102.42
|
||||
At
March 31, 2005
|
3,212,517
|
109,390
|
3,321,907
|
103.41
|
3,299,052
|
102.69
|
||||
At
December 31, 2004
|
2,876,319
|
97,753
|
2,974,072
|
103.40
|
2,973,233
|
103.37
|
||||
At
September 30, 2004
|
1,589,829
|
48,499
|
1,638,328
|
103.05
|
1,638,264
|
103.05
|
||||
At
June 30, 2004
|
1,479,500
|
38,034
|
1,517,534
|
102.57
|
1,508,421
|
101.96
|
||||
At
March 31, 2004
|
1,473,584
|
39,535
|
1,513,119
|
102.68
|
1,516,540
|
102.92
|
The
table
below shows Opteum’s average investments held, total interest income, yield on
average earning assets, average repurchase obligations outstanding, interest
expense, average cost of funds, net interest income and net interest spread
for
the quarter ended December 31, 2006, and the eleven previous quarters for
Opteum’s portfolio of MBS securities only. The data in the table below
does not include information pertaining to OFS’s results of operations. As
indicated in the table below, Net Interest Spread contracted in the third
and
fourth quarters of 2006 as funding costs continued to rise at a rate greater
than the rate of increase on investment securities held.
RATIOS
FOR THE QUARTERS HAVE BEEN ANNUALIZED
(in
thousands)
Quarter
Ended
|
Average
Investment
Securities
Held
|
Total
Interest Income
|
Yield
on
Average
Interest
Earning
Assets
|
Average
Balance
of
Repurchase
Obligations
Outstanding
|
Interest
Expense
|
Average
Cost
of
Funds
|
Net
Interest
Income
|
Net
Interest
Spread
|
|||||
December
31, 2006
|
$
|
2,944,397
|
$
|
35,162
|
4.78%
|
$
|
2,869,210
|
$
|
40,400
|
5.63%
|
$
|
(5,238)
|
(0.86%)
|
September
30, 2006
|
3,243,674
|
45,850
|
5.65%
|
3,151,813
|
42,710
|
5.42%
|
3,140
|
0.23%
|
|||||
June
30, 2006
|
3,472,921
|
57,027
|
6.57%
|
3,360,421
|
42,829
|
5.10%
|
14,198
|
1.47%
|
|||||
March
31, 2006
|
3,516,292
|
42,345
|
4.82%
|
3,375,777
|
37,661
|
4.46%
|
4,684
|
0.35%
|
|||||
December
31, 2005
|
3,676,175
|
43,140
|
4.69%
|
3,533,486
|
35,913
|
4.07%
|
7,227
|
0.63%
|
|||||
September
30, 2005
|
3,867,263
|
43,574
|
4.51%
|
3,723,603
|
33,102
|
3.56%
|
10,472
|
0.95%
|
|||||
June 30,
2005
|
3,587,629
|
36,749
|
4.10%
|
3,449,744
|
26,703
|
3.10%
|
10,045
|
1.00%
|
|||||
March 31,
2005
|
3,136,142
|
31,070
|
3.96%
|
2,976,409
|
19,842
|
2.67%
|
11,228
|
1.30%
|
|||||
December 31,
2004
|
2,305,748
|
20,463
|
3.55%
|
2,159,891
|
10,824
|
2.01%
|
9,639
|
1.55%
|
|||||
September 30,
2004
|
1,573,343
|
11,017
|
2.80%
|
1,504,919
|
4,253
|
1.13%
|
6,764
|
1.67%
|
|||||
June 30,
2004
|
1,512,481
|
10,959
|
2.90%
|
1,452,004
|
4,344
|
1.20%
|
6,615
|
1.70%
|
|||||
March 31,
2004
|
871,140
|
7,194
|
3.30%
|
815,815
|
2,736
|
1.34%
|
4,458
|
1.96%
|
For
the
three months ended December 31, 2006, interest income of $39.2 million was
reduced by $4.0 million due to the quarterly retrospective adjustment for
such
period resulting in interest income of $35.2 million. The 586.7 basis point
yield on average interest earning assets during such period was reduced by
54.5
basis points due to the quarterly retrospective adjustment for such period
resulting in a 532.2 yield on average interest earning assets.
For
the
three months ended December 31, 2005, interest income of $43.1 million included
$3.2 million due to the quarterly retrospective adjustment for such period.
The
469.4 basis point yield on average interest earning assets during such period
included 35.3 basis points due to the quarterly retrospective adjustment
for
such period.
2006
v. 2005 PERFORMANCE OF OFS
The
principal business activities of OFS are the origination and sale of mortgage
loans. In addition, as part of the securitization of loans sold, OFS retains
an
interest in the resulting residual interest cash flows more fully described
below. Finally, OFS services the loans securitized as well as some loans
sold on
a whole loan basis.
At
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, OFS owned $749.8 million and $894.2
of
mortgage loans which were classified as mortgage loans held for sale. Gains
realized on the sale of mortgage loans held for sale for the year ended December
31, 2006, were $15.5 million. These gains are net of the effects of the mark
to
market of IRLCs and loans held for sale prior to the sale date of ($0.1)
million. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company realized
gains on the sale of mortgage loans held for sale of $0.9 million.
Gains
on
mortgage banking activities include changes in the fair value of retained
interests in securitizations and the associated hedge gains or losses. Excluding
changes in fair value of retained interests in securitizations net of hedge
gains and losses, OFS had gains from sales of mortgages held for sale of
$86.1
million for the year ended December 31, 2006 and $1.2 million for the period
November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005.
The
retained interests in securitizations represent residual interests in loans
originated or purchased by OFS prior to securitization. These retained interests
are classified on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as Retained
Interest, Trading. The total fair market value of these retained interests
was
approximately $104.2 million as of December 31, 2006. Fluctuations in value
of
retained interests are primarily driven by projections of future interest
rates
(the forward LIBOR curve), the discount rate used to determine the present
value
of the residual cash flows and prepayment and loss estimates on the underlying
mortgage loans. Due to movements in interest rates, particularly forward
LIBOR
rates, the market value of the retained interests decreased by $6.3 million
and
increased by $3.7 million, respectively, for the twelve months ended December
31, 2006 and the period November 3, 2005 through December 31, 2005. The net
increase in the carrying amount of retained interests on the consolidated
balance sheet of $6.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006
includes the addition of $16.9 million of new retained interests in
securitizations associated with two securitizations consummated in the first
six
months of the year. Net of these additions, the value of the retained interests
in securitizations declined over the twelve months ended December 31, 2006
by
$10.7 million, as a result of cash received from the retained interests of
$4.4
million and the ($6.3) million fair value adjustment due to upward movements
in
forward LIBOR rates referred to above.
It
is the
Company’s intention to hedge these retained interests so as to protect earnings
from an unexpected change due to a decline in value of the retained interests.
However, movements in the variables that affect the value of the retained
interests, in particular forward LIBOR rates and prepayment estimates, also
affect retrospective adjustments to the effective interest computation of
the
Opteum MBS portfolio and the value of the Company’s MSRs.
Movements in these two variables have the opposite effect on the value of
the
retained interests and the retrospective adjustment to the effective interest
computation of the Opteum MBS portfolio and the MSRs. Since movements in
these
two variables affect reported earnings in an offsetting fashion, they tend
to
naturally hedge the Company’s earnings when taken as a whole. Accordingly, the
Company takes this fact into consideration when constructing and implementing
the hedging strategy.
The
results above include net losses on hedging transactions of $6.2 million
for the
twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and no losses or gains for the period
November 3, 2005 through December 31, 2005.
The
table
below provides details of OFS’s gain/(loss) on mortgage activities for the year
ended December 31, 2006 and the period November 3, 2005 (date of merger)
through
December 31, 2005.
GAINS
ON
MORTGAGE BANKING ACTIVITIES
(in
thousands)
For
the year ended December 31, 2006
|
For
the Period November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31,
2005
|
|||
Fair
Value adjustment of retained interests, trading
|
$
|
(6,324)
|
$
|
3,660
|
Gain
on sales of mortgage loans
|
86,124
|
1,213
|
||
Fees
on brokered loans
|
5,731
|
936
|
||
Gain/(loss)
on derivatives
|
(5,630)
|
(3,660)
|
||
Direct
loan origination expenses, deferred
|
(95)
|
8,663
|
||
Gain/(loss)
on Residual Hedge
|
(6,204)
|
-
|
||
Write
off purchased pipeline (Purchase accounting Adjustment)
|
(534)
|
-
|
||
Fees
earned, brokering
|
2,385
|
381
|
||
Net
origination points and fees
|
|
|
||
Direct
loan origination expenses, reclassified
|
(59,895)
|
(10,343)
|
||
Net
gain on sale of mortgage loans
|
15,558
|
850
|
||
Change
in market value of IRLC’s
|
626
|
-
|
||
Change
in market value of mortgage loans held for sale
|
(726)
|
-
|
||
Gain/(loss)
on mortgage banking activities
|
$
|
15,458
|
$
|
850
|
In
order
to offset the adverse affect of movements in interest rates on mortage loans
held for sale OFS engages in hedging activities. The results of such hedging
activities is included with the results of hedging activities with respect
to
retained interest in securitizations and respect to retained interest in
securitizations and reported below as gain/(loss) on derivatives.
For
the
twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and the period November 3, 2005 (date
of
merger) through December 31, 2005, OFS originated mortgage loans of $6.3
billion
and $1.0 billion, respectively. For the same periods, OFS sold $6.2 billion
and
$1.3 billion of these originated mortgage loans. Of the originated mortgage
loans sold during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and the period
November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005, $3.8 billion
and
$1.1 billion, respectively, were sold on a servicing retained basis. The
2005
loan sales had a minimal impact on the revenue of the Company, as the loans
had
been marked to their market value through the purchase accounting adjustments
with the acquisition of OFS on November 3, 2005
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006 and the period November 3, 2005 (date of merger)
through December 31, 2005, OFS had net servicing income (loss) of ($8.2)
million
and $1.5 million, respectively. The results for the twelve month periods
were
driven primarily by negative fair value adjustments to the MSRs (inclusive
of
run-off of the servicing portfolio) and the Company’s early adoption of SFAS 156
on January 1, 2006 (See Note 5 in the accompanying Consolidated Financial
Statements for further information).
As
of
December 31, 2006, OFS held originated MSRs on approximately $9.4 billion
in
mortgages with a fair market value of approximately $98.9 million. For the
twelve months ended December 31, 2006 the net fair value adjustments to the
MSRs
were a decrease of $12.9 million and there were no net fair value adjustments
to
MSR for the period November 3, 2005 through December 31, 2005. Included in
the
net figures for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and the period
November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005, are declines
in
fair value due to run-off of $20.1 million and $2.4 million and adjustments
due
to (decreases)/increases in fair value of ($14.6) million and $0 million,
respectively.
OFS
had
interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”), along with other instruments that are
hedges for both these IRLCs and retained interests, securitizations, and
both
are considered derivatives. The changes to the fair value of these derivatives
from inception to the period end are recorded at their fair value with the
resulting gain or loss reflected in current period earnings. The result of
the
changes in the fair value of these derivatives was a loss of approximately
$6.2
million as of December 31, 2006.
Actual
margins associated with sales of mortgage loans at OFS during 2006 were less
on
average during the year than had been anticipated due largely to stiff
competition in the marketplace for mortgage originations. The difference
in
actual margin represents the largest component of operating losses incurred
in
2006. Exacerbating these lower-than-expected loan sale margins was an increase
in loan loss reserves as a result of increases in early payment defaults
on
fourth quarter 2006 originations, a decline in value of OFS's retained interests
in securitizations, and net losses on hedge transactions related to both
mortgage servicing rights and the retained interests.
OFS's
total loan loss provision in 2006 was $13.3 million. Of that amount, $7.3
million was reserved in the fourth quarter of 2006. The actual loan losses
realized in 2006 were $7.5 million, $3.3 million of which were realized during
the fourth quarter of 2006. The additional reserves were due to anticipated
increases in early payment defaults on fourth quarter 2006 originations.
As of
December 31, 2006, the Company's valuation allowance for loan losses was
$8.0
million, compared with $2.2 million as of December 31, 2005.
In
response to these results and to the secular development of brokerage firms
acquiring mortgage lenders that are then provided with significantly lower
funding costs, the Company's management team worked closely with key lenders
to
improve asset funding rates and initial margin rates. In late December 2006,
Opteum announced that it had sold to Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.
("Citigroup Realty") a 7.5% non-voting Class B limited liability company
membership interest in OFS for $4,125,000 and amendments to OFS's financing
facilities with Citigroup Realty that the Company currently believes, based
on
2007 projected production levels, will lead to approximately $5.5 million
to $6
million in savings at OFS. Opteum also granted Citigroup Realty the option,
exercisable at any time before December 21, 2007, to purchase an additional
7.49% non-voting Class B limited liability company membership interest in
OFS
for $4,119,500.
Over
the
course of 2006, the Company carefully reviewed all positions at OFS in order
to
assess the criticalness of each job position to OFS's operations. This resulted
in the elimination of 272 positions at OFS. However, OFS's expansion into
northern Florida, the Midwest and San Diego resulted in the addition of 78
new
sales or sales-support personnel. As of December 31, 2006, OFS employed 887
total associates, which is a net reduction of 194 positions from December
31,
2005. The combined savings from staff reductions and new lending agreements
should result in significantly leaner operations at OFS in 2007 than in the
past.
2005
v. 2004 PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW
Described
below are the Company’s results of operations for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2005, as compared to the Company’s results of operations for the
twelve months ended December 31, 2004. Readers are cautioned that because
the
merger with OFS did not close until the fourth quarter of 2005, the results
of
operations of OFS are only included in the Company’s results of operations for
the period November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005, making
comparisons to the Company’s prior year results less meaningful.
The
Company’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2005, were
negatively affected by changes in various
market interest rates, including short-term rates, due primarily to the monetary
policy actions
of
the Federal Reserve during these periods. The Company’s financing is based on
short-term rates, which increased
during these periods faster than the yields on Opteum’s MBS portfolio.
The
increase in short-term borrowing rates also negatively impacted the net interest
spread earned by OFS on its mortgage loans held for sale due to increases
in the
funding costs associated with warehouse lines of credit used to fund its
mortgage loan originations.
Consolidated
net income/(loss) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005, was $24.3
million compared to $22.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31,
2004.
Consolidated net income per basic and diluted share of Class A Common Stock
was $1.12 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 compared to $1.97
of per
share income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2004.
Included
in the Company’s consolidated results are $37.0 million of consolidated net
interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 compared to
$27.0
million of net interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2004.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, consolidated interest
income of $160.6 million and $49.6 million, respectively, was partially offset
by consolidated interest expense of $123.7 million and $22.6 million,
respectively. These figures are not reflected as annualized net yields on
invested assets as was previously reported since the figures represent blended
net interest earnings on both Opteum’s MBS portfolio and mortgage loans held for
sale by OFS.
For
the
twelve months ended December 31, 2005 the Company’s general and administrative
costs were $20.2 million which include consolidated results from November
3,
2005 through December 31, 2005. For the year ended December 31, 2004 general
and
administrative costs were $3.5 million. Operating expenses, which incorporate
trading costs, fees and other direct costs, were $1.0 million and $0.7 million
for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
For
the
twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, comprehensive income/(loss)
was
($49.1) million including the net unrealized gain/(loss) on available-for-sale
securities of ($73.3) million and $21.8 million including the net unrealized
loss on available-for-sale securities of ($1.0) million, respectively. The
factors resulting in the unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
are
described below.
Comprehensive
(loss) income is as follows:
(in
thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||
2005
|
2004
|
|||
Net
income
|
$
|
24,283
|
$
|
22,857
|
Plus
unrealized (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net
|
(73,345)
|
(1,041)
|
||
Comprehensive
(loss) income
|
$
|
(49,062)
|
$
|
21,816
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss, as reflected in stockholders’ equity, increased
approximately ($75.3) million from December 31, 2004, to December 31,
2005. This is reflective of an overall decline in the fair value of
Opteum’s MBS portfolio as compared to the original aggregate purchase price of
Opteum’s MBS. Changes in interest rates over time are the primary market
factor for this value decline; generally, as interest rates rise, the value
of
long-term interest rate sensitive securities decline. The value of the majority
of Opteum’s assets is driven by movements in short-term rates—rates typically
less than two years—and these rates increased substantially over the period.
Additionally, as longer-term rates decreased, prepayment expectations increased
resulting in a widening in the spreads at which Opteum’s assets are
priced.
The
Company has negative retained earnings (titled “Accumulated deficit” in the
stockholders’ equity section of the accompanying consolidated financial
statements) at December 31, 2005, partially because of the consequences of
Opteum’s tax qualification as a REIT. As is more fully described in the
“Dividends to Stockholders” section above, Opteum’s dividends are based on
its REIT taxable income, as determined for federal income tax purposes, and
not
on its net income computed in accordance with GAAP (as reported in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements).
For
the
twelve months ended December 31, 2005, Opteum's REIT taxable income was
approximately $2.1 million greater than Opteum's net income computed in
accordance with GAAP. A substantial portion of this amount is attributable
to
timing differences in the recognition of compensation expense attributable
to
phantom stock awards. With respect to the phantom stock awards, the future
deduction of this temporary difference is uncertain both as to the year (as
the
timing of the tax impact of each phantom stock award is up to each employee
who
has received an award) and as to the amount (the amount of the tax impact
is
measured at the fair value of the shares as of a future date and this amount
may
be greater than or less than the financial statement deduction already taken
by
Opteum). Since inception through December 31, 2005, Opteum's taxable income
is
approximately $3.0 million greater than Opteum's financial statement net
income
as computed in accordance with GAAP.
Therefore,
to the extent that Opteum’s cumulative taxable income is greater than
cumulative GAAP net income and Opteum continues to pay out as dividends all
of
its REIT taxable income, the Company will continue to report a deficit in
retained earnings on its balance sheet.
2005
v. 2004 PERFORMANCE OF OPTEUM’S MBS PORTFOLIO
For
the
twelve month periods ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, Opteum’s MBS portfolio
generated $37.0 million and $27.0 million, respectively, of net interest
income.
Included in these results were $160.6 million and $49.6 million, respectively,
of interest income, offset by $123.7 million and $22.6 million, respectively,
of
interest expense.
For
the
twelve month period ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, Opteum reported $2.0
million and $0.1 million, respectively, in gains from the sale of
MBS.
At
December 31, 2005, Opteum’s MBS portfolio consisted of $3.5 billion of agency or
government MBS at fair value and had a weighted average yield on assets of
4.21%
and a net weighted average borrowing cost of 4.15%. The following tables
summarize Opteum’s agency and government mortgage related securities as of
December 31, 2005:
(in
thousands)
Asset
Category
|
Market
Value
|
Percentage
of
Entire
Portfolio
|
Weighted
Average
Coupon
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
in
Months
|
Longest
Maturity
|
Weighted
Average
Coupon
Reset
in Months
|
Weighted
Average
Lifetime
Cap
|
Weighted
Average
Periodic
Cap
|
|
Adjustable-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
$
|
2,006,767
|
57.43%
|
4.44%
|
334
|
1-Dec-42
|
4.48
|
10.48%
|
1.76%
|
Fixed-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
$
|
562,874
|
16.11
|
6.92
|
274
|
1-Jun-35
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
Fixed
Rate CMO
|
$
|
72,493
|
2.07
|
5.56
|
329
|
25-Jul-34
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
$
|
705,337
|
20.19
|
4.30
|
340
|
1-Apr-44
|
19.81
|
9.92%
|
1.73
|
Balloon
Maturity Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
$
|
48,558
|
1.40
|
4.06
|
48
|
1-Feb-11
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
Fixed
Rate Agency Debt
|
$
|
98,000
|
2.80
|
4.00
|
50
|
25-Feb-10
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
3,494,029
|
100.00%
|
4.82%
|
313
|
1-Apr-44
|
8.47
|
10.33%
|
1.75%
|
Agency
|
Market
Value
|
Percentage
of
Entire
Portfolio
|
|
Fannie
Mae
|
$
|
2,125,287
|
60.83%
|
Freddie
Mac
|
737,012
|
21.09%
|
|
Ginnie
Mae
|
631,730
|
18.08%
|
|
Total
Portfolio
|
$
|
3,494,029
|
100.00%
|
Entire
Portfolio
|
||
Effective
Duration (1)
|
1.28
|
|
Weighted
Average Purchase Price
|
$
|
102.65
|
Weighted
Average Current Price
|
$
|
101.05
|
(1)
|
Effective
duration of 1.28 indicates that an interest rate increase of 1%
would be
expected to cause a 1.28% decline in the value of the MBS in the
Company’s
investment portfolio.
|
At
December 31, 2005, approximately 49.3% of Opteum’s 15-year fixed-rate coupon MBS
and approximately 36.7% of Opteum’s 30-year fixed-rate coupon MBS contained only
loans with principal balances of $85,000 or less. Because of the low loan
balance on these mortgages, Opteum believes borrowers have a lower economic
incentive to refinance and have historically prepaid more slowly than comparable
securities.
For
the
three months ended December 31, 2005, $3.2 million of the $43.1 million of
interest income was derived from the quarterly retrospective adjustment.
The
adjustment represented 35.3 basis points of the 469.4 basis points of the
yield
on average interest earning assets. For the three months ended December 31,
2004, $1.3 million of the $20.5 million of interest income was derived from
the
quarterly retrospective adjustment. The adjustment represented 21.7 basis
points
of the 355.0 basis points of the yield on average interest earning
assets.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The
Company presently believes that its equity and junior subordinated debt capital,
combined with the cash flow from operations, sales of OFS assets and the
utilization of borrowings, will be sufficient to enable the Company to meet
its
anticipated liquidity requirements. Various changes in market conditions
could,
however, adversely affect the Company’s liquidity, including increases in
interest rates, increases in prepayment rates substantially above expectations
or the reduction of fee income generated through mortgage originations at
OFS.
If cash resources are, at any time, insufficient to satisfy the Company’s
liquidity requirements, such as when cash flow from operations are materially
negative, the Company may be required to pledge additional assets to meet
margin
calls, liquidate assets, sell additional debt or equity securities or pursue
other financing alternatives. Any sale of mortgage-related securities or
originated mortgage loans held for sale by OFS at prices lower than the carrying
value of such assets would reduce income.
The
Company may, in the future, increase capital resources by making additional
offerings of equity and debt securities, including classes of preferred stock,
common stock, commercial paper, medium-term notes, collateralized mortgage
obligations and senior or subordinated notes. All debt securities, other
borrowings and classes of preferred stock will be senior to the Class A
Common Stock in a liquidation of the Company. Additional equity offerings
may be
dilutive to stockholders' equity or reduce the market price of the Class A
Common Stock or both. The Company is unable to estimate the amount, timing
or
nature of any additional offerings as they will depend upon market conditions
and other factors.
In
addition to its equity and junior subordinated debt capital and cash flow
from
operations, which consists primarily of monthly principal and interest payments
received on Opteum’s mortgage-related securities and cash generated by OFS from
sales of mortgage loans, retained interests in mortgage securitizations,
originated MSRs and originated loan fees, the Company presently relies upon
repurchase agreements and credit facilities to finance its operations.
Repurchase
agreements are used primarily in connection with the financing of Opteum’s MBS
portfolio and, although structured as repurchase agreements, are treated
as
secured loans for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Repurchase agreements
and
credit facilities are used in connection with OFS’s mortgage loan origination
activities.
OPTEUM’S
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
At
December 31, 2006, Opteum had master repurchase agreements in place with
19
counterparties and had outstanding balances under 10 of these agreements.
None
of the counterparties to these agreements are affiliates of Opteum. These
agreements are secured by Opteum’s MBS and bear interest rates that are based on
a spread to LIBOR.
As
of
December 31, 2006, Opteum had obligations outstanding under its repurchase
agreements totaling $2.7 billion with a net weighted average borrowing cost
of
5.31%. All of Opteum’s outstanding repurchase agreement obligations are due in
less than one year with $0.8 billion maturing between two and 30 days, $0.8
billion maturing between 31 and 90 days and $1.1 billion maturing in more
than 90 days. Securing these repurchase agreement obligations as of
December 31, 2006, were MBS with an estimated fair value of $2.8 billion
and a
weighted average maturity of 305 months.
At
December 31, 2006, Opteum’s repurchase agreements had the following
counterparties, amounts outstanding, amounts-at-risk and weighted average
remaining maturities:
Repurchase
Agreement Counterparties
|
Amount
Outstanding ($000)
|
Amount
at Risk(1) ($000)
|
Weighted
Average Maturity of Repurchase Obligations in
Days
|
Percent
of Total Amount Outstanding
|
|||
Deutsche
Bank Securities, Inc.
|
$
|
834,940
|
10,189
|
28
|
30.45
|
%
|
|
JP
Morgan Securities
|
652,936
|
13,195
|
98
|
23.82
|
|||
Nomura
Securities International, Inc.
|
463,410
|
13,405
|
94
|
16.90
|
|||
Washington
Mutual
|
333,587
|
12,476
|
24
|
12.17
|
|||
Countrywide
Securities Corp.
|
206,220
|
4,401
|
79
|
7.52
|
|||
BNP
Paribas
|
92,155
|
2,666
|
18
|
3.36
|
|||
Goldman
Sachs
|
70,068
|
1,278
|
122
|
2.56
|
|||
Bank
of America Securities, LLC
|
54,120
|
1,742
|
136
|
1.97
|
|||
UBS
Investment Bank, LLC
|
21,515
|
231
|
17
|
0.78
|
|||
RBS
Greenwich Capital
|
12,729
|
44
|
7
|
0.47
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
2,741,680
|
59,627
|
100.00
|
%
|
(1) Equal
to
the fair value of securities sold, plus accrued interest income, minus the
sum
of repurchase agreement liabilities, plus accrued interest expense.
Opteum’s
master repurchase agreements have no stated expiration, but can be terminated
at
any time at Opteum’s option or at the option of the counterparty. However, once
a definitive repurchase agreement under a master repurchase agreement has
been
entered into, it generally may not be terminated by either party. A negotiated
termination can occur, but may involve a fee to be paid by the party seeking
to
terminate the repurchase agreement transaction.
During
2005 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, Opteum entered into
contracts and paid commitment fees to three counterparties providing for
an
aggregate of $1.7 billion in committed repurchase agreement facilities at
pre-determined borrowing rates and haircuts for a 364 day period following
the
commencement date of each contract. Opteum has no obligation to utilize these
repurchase agreement facilities. All of these facilities have been renewed
for
an additional 364 day period.
In
addition, two of the agreements described above are available to provide
financing for up to $150 million to cover margin requirements associated
with
monthly principal payments on the MBS portfolio.
It
is the
Company’s present intention to seek to renew its various committed and
uncommitted repurchase agreements as they become due or expire. However,
market
conditions could change making the renewal of these contractual arrangements
more expensive or unattainable. Further, as discussed above, increases in
short-term interest rates could negatively impact the valuation of Opteum’s MBS
portfolio. Should this occur, Opteum’s ability to enter into new repurchase
agreements or extend its existing repurchase agreements could be limited
and may
cause Opteum’s repurchase agreement counterparties to initiate margin calls.
Under this scenario, Opteum would likely seek alternative sources of financing
which could include additional debt or equity financing or sales of
assets.
Opteum
has guaranteed the obligations of OFS and OFS’s wholly-owned subsidiary, HS
Special Purpose, LLC, under their respective financing facilities with JP
Morgan
Chase and Citigroup described in the attached financial statements. These
guarantees will remain in effect so long as the applicable financing facilities
remain in effect. If an Event of Default occurs under these financing facilities
that is not cured or waived, Opteum may be required to perform under its
guarantees. There is no specific limitation on the maximum potential future
payments under these guarantees. However, Opteum’s liability under these
guarantees would be reduced in an amount equal to the amount by which the
collateral securing such obligations exceeds the amounts outstanding under
the
applicable facilities.
In
May 2005, Opteum completed a private offering of $51.6 million of trust
preferred securities of Bimini Capital Trust I (“BCTI”) resulting in the
issuance by Opteum of $51.6 million of junior subordinated notes. The interest
rate payable by Opteum on the BCTI junior subordinated notes is fixed for
the
first five years at 7.61% and then floats at a spread of 3.30% over three-month
LIBOR for the remaining 25 years. However, the BCTI junior subordinated notes
and the corresponding BCTI trust preferred securities are redeemable at Opteum’s
option at the end of the first five year period and at any subsequent date
that
Opteum chooses.
In
addition, in October 2005, Opteum completed a private offering of an additional
$51.5 million of trust preferred securities of Bimini Capital Trust II (“BCTII”)
resulting in the issuance by Opteum of an additional $51.5 million of junior
subordinated notes. The interest rate on the BCTII junior subordinated notes
and
the corresponding BCTII trust preferred securities is fixed for the first
five
years at 7.8575% and then floats at a spread of 3.50% over three-month LIBOR
for
the remaining 25 years. However, the BCTII junior subordinated notes and
the
corresponding BCTII trust preferred securities are redeemable at Opteum’s option
at the end of the first five year period and at any subsequent date that
Opteum
chooses.
Opteum
attempts to ensure that the income generated from available investment
opportunities, when the use of leverage is employed for the purchase of assets,
exceeds the cost of its borrowings. However, the issuance of debt at a fixed
rate for any long-term period, considering the use of leverage, could create
an
interest rate mismatch if Opteum is not able to invest at yields that exceed
the
interest rates of the Company’s junior subordinated notes and other
borrowings.
OFS’S
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
In
order
to facilitate the origination of mortgage loans, OFS has various warehouse
and
aggregation lines of credit available, some of which are committed facilities
while others are uncommitted. With respect to the committed lines, the
commitments are for 364 day periods. At December 31, 2006, OFS had committed
warehouse lines of $0.95 billion, uncommitted warehouse lines of $1.45 billion
and a committed aggregation line of $1.5 billion. In addition, OFS had $0.33
billion of various committed lines of credit secured by OFS’s retained interests
in securitizations and originated MSRs.
At
December 31, 2006, OFS had outstanding balances of approximately $728.0 million
under their various warehouse and aggregation lines and approximately $122.0
million outstanding on other lines of credit with various lenders. The rates
on
these borrowings generally are based on a spread to LIBOR.
The
committed and uncommitted warehouse and aggregation lines are sufficient
to
support OFS’s production at current levels while also providing ample capacity
for growth. However, in the event OFS is not able to renew the existing lines
or
growth in the level of production causes OFS to exceed its capacity under
the
lines, OFS would have to seek to obtain additional financing that might only
be
available at less favorable terms or not available at all. In such instance,
OFS
might have to curtail production or pledge additional assets to obtain
financing.
OFS
has
commitments to borrowers to fund residential mortgage loans as well as
commitments to purchase and sell mortgage loans to third parties. As of December
31, 2006, OFS had outstanding commitments to originate loans of approximately
$476.0 million. As of December 31, 2006, OFS had outstanding commitments
to sell
loans of approximately $103.0 million. The commitments to originate and purchase
loans do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, as some portion
of
the commitments are likely to expire without being drawn upon or may be
subsequently declined for credit or other reasons.
OFS
has
been in violation of certain covenants with respect to its warehouse lines
of
credit related to its loan origination operations for four consecutive quarters.
While the violations of the covenants have been waived by the lenders, should
conditions in the mortgage origination industry continue to deteriorate or
fail
to recover in sufficient time, it is possible OFS may not be able to obtain
such
waivers in the future. Under such circumstances, to the extent OFS is unable to
transfer outstanding balances to other warehouse lines OFS might be precluded
from accessing its warehouse lending agreements to the extent it does now
and
might have to curtail originations accordingly. Currently, OFS has sufficient
capacity on other warehouse lines, to facilitate such transfer. As of January
31, 2007, OFS was not in compliance with respect to one covenant with one
lender. The covenant violation at January 31, 2007, pertained to tangible
net
worth. OFS has obtained a waiver from all lenders with respect to the covenant
violation as of January 31, 2007.
OUTLOOK
As
discussed above, the
Company’s results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006
and December 31, 2005, were negatively affected by changes in various
market interest rates due primarily to the monetary policy actions
of
the Federal Reserve during these periods. If the Federal Reserve further
tightens monetary policy by increasing its target for the federal funds rate,
the Company’s borrowing costs will likely increase and will further impact the
Company’s consolidated results of operations and liquidity. To mitigate the
affect of further increases in short-term interest rates, the Company may
seek
to restructure its portfolio further by increasing the allocation to monthly
resetting floating rate securities, engage in hedging transactions to reduce
funding costs or sell lower yielding assets and redeploy the proceeds into
assets with yields above the funding costs, if available. Additionally, the
Company may seek to sell certain assets of OFS, including mortgage servicing
rights or one or more of OFS’s retained interests in securitizations, to
generate short-term liquidity.
However,
if short-term rates decline, the Company’s consolidated results of operations
and liquidity will likely be positively impacted. In this event, the Company
may
seek to raise additional equity or debt financing or reposition its assets
to
maximize its earnings and dividend potential.
In
the
event short-term rates remain the same, the effect on the Company’s consolidated
results of operations would depend on the rate at which the portfolio of
adjustable MBS securities reset upward in relation to the funding costs and
future retrospective adjustments. The actions taken by management in such
instance would depend on the outcome realized.
Recent
trends in the sub-prime and other non-prime sectors of the residential housing
market have had a material negative impact on the results of operations of
OFS.
Owing primarily to poor credit performance of non- and sub-prime residential
mortgages originated in 2006 by the industry, especially later in the year,
the
market into which OFS sells has deteriorated. The poor credit performance
of
such loans has manifested itself in elevated levels of early payment defaults
(EPD’s) and depressed prices for second lien mortgages that OFS originates. As
a
result, OFS recorded reserves for loan losses in excess of amounts recorded
in
earlier periods and has had to repurchase EPD loans from the buyers that
acquired the loans from OFS. Such repurchased loans are typically re-sold
at a
loss to OFS. OFS has made changes to its underwriting standards designed
to both
increase the creditworthiness of, and reduce the volume produced, of such
loans.
Such actions should reduce the level of EPD’s incurred and increase the prices
at which OFS sells their second lien mortgages in the market in the future.
However, there can be no assurance that such actions will result in an
improvement in the results of operations at OFS.
Also,
while second lien mortgages are not a material portion of the total originations
at OFS, tighter underwriting standards will potentially reduce the aggregate
volume of loans originated by OFS going forward. To the extent OFS has to
maintain tightened underwriting standards, OFS production volumes, and possibly
results of operations, are likely to be negatively impacted. Further, OFS
may be
required to downsize their operations owing to the reduced production levels
or
in response to continued disruptions in the mortgage lending markets. This
will
result in costs associated with the downsizing and lower levels of operating
profits or losses.
As
described above, if OFS does not have access to sufficient credit in the
form of
warehouse lines of credit, it may be forced to curtail its operations to
the
extent such borrowing capacity is reduced or withdrawn by lenders owing to
covenant violations. While such covenant violations may not lead to the
reduction or withdrawal of OFS’s borrowing facilities, they may lead to
increased borrowing costs upon renewal of such facilities.
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS
The
following summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations for debt and lease
obligations at December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Contractual
Obligations
|
Within
One Year
|
One
to Three Years
|
Three
to Five Years
|
More
than Five Years
|
Total
|
|||||
Long-Term
Debt Obligations
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
103,097
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
103,097
|
Capital
Lease Obligations
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Operating
Lease Obligations
|
5,953
|
8,627
|
2,668
|
1,013
|
18,261
|
|||||
Purchase
Obligations
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Other
Long-Term Liabilities Reflected on the Registrant’s Balance Sheet under
GAAP
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
5,953
|
$
|
8,627
|
$
|
105,765
|
$
|
1,013
|
$
|
121,358
|
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES & ESTIMATES
The
Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The Company’s significant accounting
policies are described in Note 1 to the Company’s accompanying Consolidated
Financial Statements.
GAAP
requires the Company’s management to make some complex and subjective decisions
and assessments. The Company’s most critical accounting policies involve
decisions and assessments which could significantly affect the reported assets
and liabilities, as well as reported revenues and expenses. The Company believes
that all of the decisions and assessments upon which its financial statements
are based were reasonable at the time made based upon information available
to
it at that time. Management has identified its most critical accounting policies
to be the following:
MORTGAGE
BACKED SECURITIES
The
Company’s investments in MBS are classified as available-for-sale securities. As
a result, changes in fair value are recorded as a balance sheet adjustment
to
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is a component of
stockholders' equity, rather than through the statement of operations. The
Company’s MBS have fair values determined by management based on the average of
third-party broker quotes received and/or by independent pricing sources
when
available. Because the price estimates may vary to some degree between sources,
management must make certain judgments and assumptions about the appropriate
price to use to calculate the fair values for financial reporting purposes.
Alternatively, management could opt to have the value of all of its positions
in
MBS determined by either an independent third-party pricing source or do
so
internally based on managements own estimates. Management believes pricing
on
the basis of third-party broker quotes is the most consistent with the
definition of fair value described in Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards (“SFAS”) No. 107, Disclosures
about the Fair Value of Financial Instruments.
RETAINED
INTEREST, TRADING
Retained
interest, trading is the subordinated interests retained by the Company from
the
Company’s various securitizations and includes the over-collateralization and
residual net interest spread remaining after payments to the Public Certificates
and NIM Notes. (See Notes 1 and 4 in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements.) Retained interest, trading represents the present value of
estimated cash flows to be received from these subordinated interests in
the
future. The subordinated interests retained are classified as “trading
securities” and are reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses
reported in earnings. In order to value these unrated and unquoted retained
interests, the Company utilizes either pricing available directly from dealers
or calculates their present value by projecting their future cash flows on
a
publicly-available analytical system. When a publicly-available analytical
system is employed, the Company uses the following variable factors in
estimating the fair value of these assets:
Interest
Rate Forecast.
The
LIBOR interest rate curve.
Discount
Rate.
The
present value of all future cash flows utilizing a discount rate assumption
established at the discretion of the Company to represent market conditions
and
value. Discount rates used will vary over time. Management observes discount
rates used for assets with similar risk profiles. In selecting which assets
to
monitor for variations in discount rates, management seeks to identify assets
that share most, if not all of the risk attributes of the Company’s retained
interests, trading. Such assets are typically traded between market participants
whereby the discount rate is the primary variable. Discount rates have trended
up steadily over the period ended December 31, 2006 by approximately 15%
from
13.96% to 16.03%.
Prepayment
Forecast.
The
prepayment forecast may be expressed by the Company in accordance with one
of
the following standard market conventions: Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”) or
Percentage of a Prepayment Vector. Prepayment forecasts are made utilizing
Citigroup Global Markets Yield Book and/or management estimates based on
historical experience. Conversely, prepayment speed forecasts could have
been
based on other market conventions or third-party analytical systems. Prepayment
forecasts may be changed as OFS observes trends in the underlying collateral
as
delineated in the Statement to Certificate Holders generated by the
securitization trust’s Trustee for each underlying security. Prepayment
forecast will also vary over time. The level of interest rates change, the
difference between rates available to borrowers on adjustable rate versus
fixed
rate mortgages change and non-interest rate related variables fluctuate such
as
home price appreciation, among others. Prepayment assumptions have trended
up
over the period ended December 31, 2006 from 32.53 CPR to 37.88
CPR.
Credit
Performance Forecast.
A
forecast of future credit performance of the underlying collateral pool will
include an assumption of default frequency, loss severity and a recovery
lag. In
general, the Company will utilize the combination of default frequency and
loss
severity in conjunction with a collateral prepayment assumption to arrive
at a
target cumulative loss to the collateral pool over the life of the pool based
on
historical performance of similar collateral by the originator. The target
cumulative loss forecast will be developed and noted at the pricing date
of the
individual security but may be updated by the Company consistent with
observations of the actual collateral pool performance.
At
December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, key economic assumptions and the
sensitivity of the current fair value of retained interests to the immediate
10%
and 20% adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Balance
Sheet Carrying value of retained interests - fair value
|
$
|
104,199
|
$
|
98,011
|
Weighted
average life (in years)
|
4.26
|
2.62
|
||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate)
|
37.88%
|
32.53%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,235)
|
$
|
(7,817)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(14,939)
|
$
|
(16,089)
|
Expected
Credit losses (annual rate)
|
0.56%
|
0.61%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,052)
|
$
|
(3,247)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,098)
|
$
|
(6,419)
|
Residual
Cash-Flow Discount Rate
|
16.03%
|
13.96%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(4,575)
|
$
|
(3,804)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,771)
|
$
|
(7,392)
|
Interest
rates on variable and adjustable loans and bonds
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(18,554)
|
$
|
(21,265)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(39,292)
|
$
|
(34,365)
|
These
sensitivities are entirely hypothetical and should be used with caution.
As the
figures indicate, changes in fair value based upon 10% and 20% variations
in
assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated to greater or lesser percentage
variations because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change
in
fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of the variation
in a particular assumption on the fair value of the subordinated interest
is
calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in
one
factor may result in changes in another that may magnify or counteract the
sensitivities. To estimate the impact of a 10% and 20% adverse change of
the
forward LIBOR curve, a parallel shift in the forward LIBOR curve was assumed
based on the forward LIBOR curve at December 31, 2006.
MORTGAGE
SERVICING RIGHTS
The
Company recognizes MSRs as assets when separated from the underlying mortgage
loans in connection with the sale of such loans. Upon sale of a loan, the
Company measures the retained MSRs by allocating the total cost of originating
a
mortgage loan between the loan and the servicing right based on their relative
fair values. Gains or losses on the sale of MSRs are recognized when title
and
all risks and rewards have irrevocably passed to the purchaser of such MSRs
and
there are no significant unresolved contingencies.
In
March
2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, Accounting
for Servicing of Financial Assets
("SFAS
156"). The Company elected to early adopt SFAS 156 as of January 1, 2006,
and to
measure all mortgage servicing assets at fair value (and as one class). (See
Notes 1 and 5 in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements.)
To
facilitate hedging of the MSRs, management has elected to utilize an internal
model for valuation purposes. Accordingly, fair value is estimated based
on
internally generated expected cash flows considering market prepayment
estimates, historical prepayment rates, portfolio characteristics, interest
rates and other economic factors.
At
December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, key economic assumptions and the
sensitivity of the current fair value of MSR cash flows to the immediate
10% and
20% adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
(in
thousands)
At
December 31, 2006
|
At
December 31, 2005
|
|||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate) (PSA)
|
424.6
|
254.0
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,923)
|
$
|
(3,615)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(7,557)
|
$
|
(6,936)
|
MSR
Cash-Flow Discount Rate
|
14.50%
|
10.74%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,505)
|
$
|
(4,856)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,727)
|
$
|
(9,280)
|
As
stated
above with respect to Retained Interest, Trading, prepayment assumptions
will
vary over time primarily because of fluctuations in market interest rates
as
well as housing related variables (home price appreciation). Prepayment
assumptions have increased over the period ended December 31, 2006 from 254
PSA
to 425 PSA. Discount rates employed in the valuation of MSRs will vary as
well.
Discount rates used for valuation purposes are observable by management via
a
subsidiary of OFS active in the brokering of MSR trades. Discount rates employed
in the valuation of MSRs have increased over the period ended December 31,
2006
from 10.74% to 14.50%.
These
sensitivities are entirely hypothetical and should be used with caution.
As the
figures indicate, changes in fair value based upon 10% and 20% variations
in
assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated to greater or lesser percentage
variations because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change
in
fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of the variation
in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSRs is calculated without
changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result
in
changes in another which may magnify or counteract the sensitivities.
DEFERRED
TAX ASSETS
Management
believes that the Company’s deferred tax assets will, more likely than not, be
realized due to the expected future reversal of the Company’s deferred tax
liabilities and expected future taxable income. Additionally,
through the creation of new or the sale of existing MSRs, OFS may generate
additional deferred tax liabilities that may offset the deferred tax asset.
To
the extent OFS fails to generate future taxable income, fails to generate
taxable capital gains through asset sales, or fails to generate additional
MSRs
over time, the Company’s deferred tax asset may not be realized. At the
statutory federal tax rate of 35%, OFS would have to generate approximately
$20.5 million of future taxable income to realize the Company’s deferred tax
asset (net of the Company’s deferred tax liability) of approximately $7.2
million at December 31, 2006. OFS has not recorded a valuation allowance
against
the deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2006.
INCOME
RECOGNITION
Interest
income on MBS is accrued based on the actual coupon rate and the outstanding
principal amount of the underlying mortgages. Premiums and discounts are
amortized or accreted into interest income over the estimated lives of the
MBS
using the effective yield method adjusted for the effects of estimated
prepayments based on SFAS No. 91, Accounting
for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring
Loans
and Initial Direct Costs of Leases; an
amendment of FASB Statements No. 13, 60 and 65 and a rescission of FASB
Statement No. 17. Adjustments are made using the retrospective method to
the effective interest computation each reporting period based on the actual
prepayment experiences to date and the present expectation of future prepayments
of the underlying mortgages. To make assumptions as to future estimated rates
of
prepayments, the Company currently uses actual market prepayment history
for the
securities it owns and for similar securities that the Company does not own
and
current market conditions. If the estimate of prepayments is incorrect, the
Company is required to make an adjustment to the amortization or accretion
of
premiums and discounts that would have an impact on future income.
With
respect to mortgage loans held for sale, interest income and interest expense
are recognized as earned or incurred. Loans are placed on a non-accrual status
when concern exists as to the ultimate collectability of principal or interest.
Loans return to accrual status when principal and interest become current
and
are anticipated to be fully collectible. The Company recognizes gain (or
loss)
on the sale of these loans. Gains or losses on such sales are recognized
at the time legal title transfers to the purchaser of such loans based upon
the
difference between the sales proceeds from the purchaser and the allocated
basis
of the loan sold, adjusted for net deferred loan fees and certain direct
costs
and selling costs. The Company defers net loan origination costs and fees
as a
component of the loan balance on the balance sheet. Such costs are not amortized
and are recognized into income as a component of the gain or loss upon sale.
Accordingly, salaries, commissions, benefits and other operating expenses
of
$59.9 million and $10.3 million
during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and the period November
3, 2005
(date of merger) through December 31, 2005, respectively, were capitalized
as
direct loan origination costs. To the extent the Company is required to
repurchase loans previously sold under the early payment default provisions
of
mortgage loan purchase agreements, the Company may incur losses on re-sale.
Accordingly, based on management estimates, the company records a reserve
for
potential losses related to loans sold.
Servicing
fee income is generally a fee based on a percentage of the outstanding principal
balances of the mortgage loans serviced by the Company (or by a sub-servicer
where the Company is the master servicer) and is recorded as income as the
installment payments on the mortgages are received by the Company or the
sub-servicer.
RECENT
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
September 2006, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, Considering
the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in
Current Year Financial Statements,
(“SAB
108”) was issued. SAB 108 addresses quantifying the financial statement effects
of misstatements, specifically, how the effects of prior year uncorrected
errors
must be considered in quantifying misstatements in the current year financial
statements. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years ending after November 15,
2006, and does not change the SEC staff's previous positions in SAB 99 regarding
qualitative considerations in assessing the materiality of misstatements.
SAB
108 is not expected to have any material impact on the Company.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements, to
eliminate the diversity in practice that exists due to the different definitions
of fair value that are dispersed among the many accounting pronouncements
that
require fair value measurements, and the limited guidance for applying those
definitions. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those
fiscal
years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of adopting
SFAS
157 on the financial statements. Currently, the Company is not aware of any
financial impact that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on its consolidated
financial statements.
In
June
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement
No. 109 (“FIN
48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This
Interpretation requires that the Company recognize in its financial statements,
the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not of
being
sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The
provisions of FIN 48 are effective as of the beginning of the 2007 fiscal
year,
with the cumulative effect, if any, of the change in accounting principle
recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. Accordingly, the
Company
will adopt FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. While the Company is still finalizing
its
assessment of the impact that FIN 48 will have, it is presently believed
that
the adoption of FIN 48 will not have a significant impact, if any, on its
consolidated financial statements.
In
March
2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, Accounting
for Servicing of Financial Assets. SFAS
156
amends SFAS 140 with respect to the accounting for separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities. SFAS 156 requires all separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities to be initially measured at fair value,
and
permits companies to elect, on a class-by-class basis, to account for servicing
assets and liabilities on either a lower of cost or market value basis or
a fair
value measurement basis. See “Mortgage Servicing Rights” in Note 1. for a
description of the adoption of SFAS 156.
In
February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, Accounting
for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments — an amendment of FASB Statements No.
133 and 140.
SFAS
155 (i) permits an entity to measure at fair value any financial instrument
that
contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation;
(ii)
establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial
assets
to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid
financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation;
and (iii) contains other provisions that are not germane to the Company.
SFAS
155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the
beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after September 15, 2006.
In late September 2006, the FASB proposed a scope exception under SFAS 155
for
securitized interests that only contain an embedded derivative that is tied
to
the prepayment risk of the underlying prepayable financial asset, and for
which
the investor does not control the right to accelerate the settlement. The
FASB
opted to hold the proposed guidance open for a comment period and to
redeliberate the issue upon the expiration of the comment period. The FASB
should issue their final guidance in early 2007.
The
MBS
securities owned in the REIT portfolio currently would fall under this scope
exception. However, in the future, the Company may own securities that may
not
fall under the exception or the FASB may repeal the exception, in which case
the
Company would be subject to the provisions of SFAS 155. Should securities
owned
by the Company fall under the provisions of SFAS 155 in the future, the
Company’s results of operations may exhibit volatility as certain of its future
investments may be marked to market through the income statement. Currently
changes in the value of the Company’s MBS securities are recognized through
other comprehensive income, a component of stockholder’s equity.
In
January 2006 the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based
Payment,
and
this adoption did not have an impact on the Company, as the Company had
previously accounted for stock-based compensation using the fair value based
method prescribed by SFAS 123, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation.
See
“Stock-Based Compensation” in Note 1. to the Company’s accompanying consolidated
financial statements for a complete description of the Company’s accounting
policy after the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
In
November 2005, FASB issued FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, The
Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain
Investments (“FSP
115-1 and 124-1”), which clarifies when an investment is considered impaired,
whether the impairment is other-than-temporary, and the measurement of an
impairment loss. It also includes accounting considerations subsequent to
the
recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment and requires certain
disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as
other-than-temporary impairments. FSP 115-1 and 124-1 are effective for all
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. Implementation of these
statements in 2006 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In
May
2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting
Changes and Error Corrections (“SFAS
No. 154”), which replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting
Changes, and
SFAS
No. 3, Reporting
Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements-An Amendment of APB Opinion
No. 28.
SFAS
No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting
changes and error corrections, and it establishes retrospective application
as
the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle and the
reporting of a correction of an error. SFAS No. 154 was adopted by the Company
at the beginning of fiscal 2006.
OFF-BALANCE
SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
As
previously discussed,
OFS
pools the loans they originate or purchase and then sells them or securitizes
them to obtain long-term financing for its assets. Securitized loans are
transferred to a trust where they serve as collateral for asset-backed bonds,
which the trust primarily issues to the public. During the third and fourth
quarter of 2006, OFS did not execute a securitization. However, OFS held
approximately $104.2 million of retained interests from securitizations as
of
December 31, 2006. OFS’s ability to access the capital markets via the use of
securitizations is critical to the operations and overall profitability of
the
business and OFS’s liquidity.
External
factors that are reasonably likely to affect OFS’s ability to continue to
complete securitizations would be those factors that could disrupt the
securitization capital markets. A disruption in the markets could prevent
OFS
from being able to securitize its mortgage loans at a favorable price or
at all.
Factors that could disrupt the securitization capital markets include an
international liquidity crisis such as occurred in the fall of 1998, a terrorist
attack, outbreak of war or other significant event risk or market specific
events such as a default of a comparable type of securitization. If OFS was
unable to access the securitization capital markets, OFS may still be able
to
finance its mortgage operations by selling the loans to investors in the
whole
loan market, but at lower than anticipated margins.
Specific
items that may affect OFS’s ability to use the securitizations to finance OFS’s
specific loans relate primarily to the performance of the loans that have
been
securitized. Extremely poor loan performance may lead to poor bond performance
and investor unwillingness to buy bonds supported by OFS’s collateral. OFS’s
financial condition could also have an adverse impact on its ability to access
the securitization market if there was the perception that its financial
condition had deteriorated to the point where investors would question OFS’s
ability to stand behind its representations and warranties made in connection
with its securitizations even though Opteum has guaranteed the performance
of
OFS’s representation and warranties. It is too early to evaluate the impact of
the underlying collateral’s performance attributable to the financial
performance and condition of the past securitizations of OFS. Additionally,
past
economic conditions that may have contributed to a favorable performance
may not
be an indication of future performance should economic conditions change
unfavorably.
The
cash
flows associated with OFS’s securitization activities over the twelve months
ended December 31, 2006 and the period November 3, 2005 through December
31,
2005, were as follows:
(in
thousands)
For
the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2006
|
For
the period November 3, 2005 through December 31,
2005
|
|||
Proceeds
from securitizations
|
$
|
1,436,838
|
$
|
989,843
|
Servicing
fees received
|
17,878
|
2,838
|
||
Servicing
advances net of repayments
|
662
|
291
|
||
Cash
flows received on retained interests
|
4,356
|
261
|
ITEM
7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
MARKET
RISK AT OPTEUM
Opteum
believes the primary risk inherent in its investments is the effect of movements
in interest rates. This arises because the changes in interest rates on Opteum's
borrowings will not be perfectly coordinated with the effects of interest
rate
changes on the income from, or value of, its investments. Opteum therefore
follows an interest rate risk management program designed to offset the
potential adverse effects resulting from the rate adjustment limitations
on its
mortgage related securities. Opteum seeks to minimize differences between
the
interest rate indices and interest rate adjustment periods of its
adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities and those of its related borrowings.
Opteum's
interest rate risk management program encompasses a number of procedures,
including the following:
§
|
monitoring
and adjusting, if necessary, the interest rate sensitivity of its
mortgage
related securities compared with the interest rate sensitivities
of its
borrowings;
|
§
|
attempting
to structure its repurchase agreements that fund its purchases
of
adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities to have a range of different
maturities and interest rate adjustment periods. Opteum attempts
to
structure these repurchase agreements to match the reset dates
on its
adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities. At December 31, 2006, the
weighted average months to reset of Opteum's adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities was 4.6 months and the weighted average
maturity on the corresponding repurchase agreements was 2.8 months;
and
|
§
|
actively
managing, on an aggregate basis, the interest rate indices and
interest
rate adjustment periods of its mortgage related securities compared
to the
interest rate indices and adjustment periods of its borrowings.
Opteum's
liabilities under its repurchase agreements are all LIBOR-based,
and
Opteum, among other considerations, selects its adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities to favor LIBOR indexes. As of December 31,
2006, over 37.36% of its adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities
were
LIBOR-based.
|
As
a
result, Opteum expects to be able to adjust the average maturities and reset
periods of its borrowings on an ongoing basis by changing the mix of maturities
and interest rate adjustment periods as borrowings mature or are renewed.
Through the use of these procedures, Opteum attempts to reduce the risk of
differences between interest rate adjustment periods of its adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities and those of its related borrowings.
Because
Opteum attempts to match its assets and liabilities from an interest rate
perspective and hold its assets to maturity, it expects to have limited exposure
to changes in interest rates. However, Opteum will be exposed to changes
in
interest rates either (i) upon refinancing borrowings that expire before
the related assets are repaid or (ii) upon reinvesting (and refinancing)
proceeds following the maturity of current investments, if interest rates
were
to rise substantially.
As
a
further means of protecting its portfolio against the effects of major interest
rate changes Opteum may employ a limited hedging strategy under which it
purchases interest rate cap contracts (under which it would generally be
entitled to payment if interest rate indices exceed the agreed rates).
Interest
Rate Risk
Opteum
is
subject to interest rate risk in connection with its investments in mortgage
related securities and its related debt obligations, which are generally
repurchase agreements of limited duration that are periodically refinanced
at
current market rates.
Effect
on Net Interest Income
Opteum
funds its investments in long-term fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities with short-term borrowings under repurchase
agreements. During periods of rising interest rates, the borrowing costs
associated with those fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed
securities tend to increase while the income earned on such fixed-rate
mortgage-backed securities and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities
(during the fixed-rate component of such securities) may remain substantially
unchanged. This results in a narrowing of the net interest spread between
the
related assets and borrowings and may even result in losses. Opteum may enter
into interest rate cap contracts or forward funding agreements seeking to
mitigate the negative impact of a rising interest rate environment. Hedging
techniques will be based, in part, on assumed levels of prepayments of Opteum's
fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities. If prepayments
are slower or faster than assumed, the life of the mortgage related securities
will be longer or shorter, which would reduce the effectiveness of any hedging
techniques Opteum may utilize and may result in losses on such transactions.
Hedging techniques involving the use of derivative securities are highly
complex
and may produce volatile returns. Opteum's hedging activity will also be
limited
by the asset and sources-of-income requirements applicable to it as a REIT.
Extension
Risk
Opteum
invests in fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities.
Hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities have interest rates that
are
fixed for the first few years of the loan—typically three, five, seven or
10 years—and thereafter their interest rates reset periodically on the same
basis as adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities. As of December 31,
2006, approximately 2.7% of Opteum's investment portfolio was comprised of
hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities. Opteum computes the projected
weighted average life of its fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities based on the market's assumptions regarding the
rate
at which the borrowers will prepay the underlying mortgages. In general,
when a
fixed-rate or hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed security is acquired
with
borrowings, Opteum may, but is not required to, enter into interest rate
cap
contracts or forward funding agreements that effectively cap or fix its
borrowing costs for a period close to the anticipated average life of the
fixed-rate portion of the related mortgage-backed security. This strategy
is
designed to protect Opteum from rising interest rates because the borrowing
costs are fixed for the duration of the fixed-rate portion of the related
mortgage-backed security. However, if prepayment rates decrease in a rising
interest rate environment, the life of the fixed-rate portion of the related
mortgage-backed security could extend beyond the term of the swap agreement
or
other hedging instrument. This situation could negatively impact Opteum as
borrowing costs would no longer be fixed after the end of the hedging
instrument, while the income earned on the fixed-rate or hybrid adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed security would remain fixed. This situation may also cause
the
market value of Opteum's fixed-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed
securities to decline with little or no offsetting gain from the related
hedging
transactions. In extreme situations, Opteum may be forced to sell assets
and
incur losses to maintain adequate liquidity.
Adjustable-Rate
and Hybrid Adjustable-Rate Mortgage-Backed Security Interest Rate Cap
Risk
Opteum
also invests in adjustable-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed
securities, which are based on mortgages that are typically subject to periodic
and lifetime interest rate caps and floors, which limit the amount by which
an
adjustable-rate or hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed security's interest
yield may change during any given period. However, Opteum's borrowing costs
pursuant to its repurchase agreements will not be subject to similar
restrictions. Hence, in a period of increasing interest rates, interest rate
costs on Opteum's borrowings could increase without limitation by caps, while
the interest-rate yields on Opteum's adjustable-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities would effectively be limited by caps. This problem
will be magnified to the extent Opteum acquires adjustable-rate and hybrid
adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities that are not based on mortgages
which
are fully indexed. Further, the underlying mortgages may be subject to periodic
payment caps that result in some portion of the interest being deferred and
added to the principal outstanding. This could result in Opteum's receipt
of
less cash income on its adjustable-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities than it needs in order to pay the interest cost
on
its related borrowings. These factors could lower Opteum's net interest income
or cause a net loss during periods of rising interest rates, which would
negatively impact Opteum's financial condition, cash flows and results of
operations.
Interest
Rate Mismatch Risk
Opteum
intends to fund a substantial portion of its acquisitions of adjustable-rate
and
hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities with borrowings that have
interest rates based on indices and repricing terms similar to, but of somewhat
shorter maturities than, the interest rate indices and repricing terms of
the
mortgage related securities it is financing. Thus, Opteum anticipates that
in
most cases the interest rate indices and repricing terms of its mortgage
related
securities and its funding sources will not be identical, thereby creating
an
interest rate mismatch between assets and liabilities. Therefore, Opteum's
cost
of funds would likely rise or fall more quickly than would its earnings rate
on
assets. During periods of changing interest rates, such interest rate mismatches
could negatively impact Opteum's financial condition, cash flows and results
of
operations.
Prepayment
Risk
Prepayment
rates for existing mortgage related securities generally increase when
prevailing interest rates fall below the market rate existing when the
underlying mortgages were originated. In addition, prepayment rates on
adjustable-rate and hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities generally
increase when the difference between long-term and short-term interest rates
declines or becomes negative. Prepayments of mortgage related securities
could
harm Opteum's results of operations in several ways. Some adjustable-rate
mortgages underlying Opteum's adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities
may
bear initial "teaser" interest rates that are lower than their "fully-indexed"
rates, which refer to the applicable index rates plus a margin. In the event
that such an adjustable-rate mortgage is prepaid prior to or soon after the
time
of adjustment to a fully-indexed rate, the holder of the related mortgage-backed
security would have held such security while it was less profitable and lost
the
opportunity to receive interest at the fully-indexed rate over the expected
life
of the adjustable-rate mortgage-backed security. Opteum currently owns mortgage
related securities that were purchased at a premium. The prepayment of such
mortgage related securities at a rate faster than anticipated would result
in a
write-off of any remaining capitalized premium amount and a consequent reduction
of Opteum's net interest income by such amount. Finally, in the event that
Opteum is unable to acquire new mortgage related securities to replace the
prepaid mortgage related securities, its financial condition, cash flow and
results of operations could be harmed.
Effect
on Fair Value
Another
component of interest rate risk is the effect changes in interest rates will
have on the market value of Opteum's assets. Opteum faces the risk that the
market value of its assets will increase or decrease at different rates than
that of its liabilities, including its hedging instruments.
Opteum
primarily assesses its interest rate risk by estimating the duration of its
assets and the duration of its liabilities. Duration essentially measures
the
market price volatility of financial instruments as interest rates change.
Opteum generally calculates duration using various financial models and
empirical data, and different models and methodologies can produce different
duration numbers for the same securities.
The
following sensitivity analysis table shows the estimated impact on the fair
value of Opteum's interest rate-sensitive investments at December 31, 2006,
assuming rates instantaneously fall 100 basis points, rise 100 basis points
and
rise 200 basis points:
(in
thousands)
Interest
Rates Fall
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
200
Basis Points
|
||||
Adjustable-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,105,818
)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
12,771
|
$
|
(12,771)
|
$
|
(25,542)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.61%
|
(0.61%)
|
(1.21%)
|
|||
Fixed-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $585,911)
|
|
|||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
15,468
|
$
|
(15,468)
|
$
|
(30,937)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
2.64%
|
(2.64%)
|
(5.28%)
|
|||
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $76,488)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
1,095
|
$
|
(1,095)
|
$
|
(2,189)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.43%
|
(1.43%)
|
(2.86%)
|
|||
Balloon
Maturity Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $40,517)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
790
|
$
|
(790)
|
$
|
(1,579)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.95%
|
(1.95%)
|
(3.90%)
|
|||
Cash
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $92,506)
|
||||||
Portfolio
Total
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,808,734)
|
|
|||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
30,124
|
$
|
(30,124)
|
$
|
(60,247)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.07%
|
(1.07%)
|
(2.14%)
|
The
table
below reflects the same analysis presented above but with the figures in
the
columns that indicate the estimated impact of a 100 basis point fall or rise
adjusted to reflect the impact of convexity.
(in
thousands)
Interest
Rates Fall
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
100
Basis Points
|
Interest
Rates Rise
200
Basis Points
|
||||
Adjustable-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,105,818)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
6,300
|
$
|
(17,333)
|
$
|
(43,646)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.30%
|
(0.82%)
|
(2.07%)
|
|||
Fixed-Rate
Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $585,911)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
11,410
|
$
|
(18,190)
|
$
|
(39,909)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.95%
|
(3.10%)
|
(6.81%)
|
|||
Hybrid
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $76,488)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
841
|
$
|
(1,297)
|
$
|
(2,926)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.10%
|
(1.70%)
|
(3.83%)
|
|||
Balloon
Maturity Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $40,517)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
743
|
$
|
(803)
|
$
|
(1,604)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
1.83%
|
(1.98%)
|
(3.96)
|
|||
Cash
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $92,506)
|
||||||
Portfolio
Total
|
||||||
(Fair
Value $2,808,734)
|
||||||
Change
in fair value
|
$
|
19,294
|
$
|
(37,623)
|
$
|
(88,085)
|
Change
as a percent of fair value
|
0.69%
|
(1.34%)
|
(3.14%)
|
In
addition to changes in interest rates, other factors impact the fair value
of
Opteum's interest rate-sensitive investments and hedging instruments, such
as
the shape of the yield curve, market expectations as to future interest rate
changes and other market conditions. Accordingly, in the event of changes
in
actual interest rates, the change in the fair value of Opteum's assets would
likely differ from that shown above and such difference might be material
and
adverse to Opteum's stockholders.
Opteum's
liabilities, consisting primarily of repurchase agreements, are also affected
by
changes in interest rates. As rates rise, the value of the underlying asset,
or
the collateral, declines. In certain circumstances, Opteum could be required
to
post additional collateral in order to maintain the repurchase agreement
position. Opteum maintains a substantial cash position, as well as unpledged
assets, to cover these types of situations. As an example, if interest rates
increased 200 basis points, as shown on the prior table, Opteum's collateral
as
of December 31, 2006 would decline in value by approximately $88.1 million.
Its cash and unpledged assets are currently sufficient to cover such shortfall.
There can be no assurance, however, that Opteum will always have sufficient
cash
or unpledged assets to cover shortfalls in all situations.
MARKET
RISK AT OFS
Risks
associated with OFS’s mortgage origination business:
OFS
may
face loss exposure due to fraudulent and negligent acts on the part of loan
applicants, employees, mortgage brokers and other third parties. When OFS
originates or purchases mortgage loans, OFS relies heavily upon information
provided to them by third parties, including information relating to the
loan
application, property appraisal, title information and employment and income
documentation. If any of this information is fraudulently or negligently
misrepresented to OFS and such misrepresentation is not detected by OFS prior
to
loan funding, the value of the loan may be significantly lower than OFS
expected. Whether a misrepresentation is made by the loan applicant, the
loan
broker, one of OFS’s employees, or any other third party, OFS will generally
bear the risk of loss associated with it.
OFS’s
failure to comply with federal, state or local regulation of, or licensing
requirements with respect to, mortgage lending, loan servicing, broker
compensation programs, local branch operations or other aspects of OFS’s
business could harm OFS’s operations and profitability. As a mortgage lender,
loan servicer and broker, OFS is subject to an extensive body of both state
and
federal law. The volume of new or modified laws and regulations has increased
in
recent years and, in addition, some individual municipalities have begun
to
enact laws that restrict loan origination and servicing activities. As a
result,
it may be more difficult to comprehensively identify and accurately interpret
all of these laws and regulations and to properly program OFS’s technology
systems and effectively train OFS’s personnel, thereby potentially increasing
OFS’s exposure to the risks of noncompliance with these laws and
regulations.
OFS’s
failure to comply with these laws can lead to:
§
|
civil
and criminal liability;
|
§
|
loss
of licensure;
|
§
|
damage
to reputation in the industry;
|
§
|
inability
to sell or securitize loans;
|
§
|
demands
for indemnification or loan repurchases from purchasers of OFS’s
loans;
|
§
|
fines
and penalties and litigation, including class action lawsuits;
or
|
§
|
administrative
enforcement actions.
|
OFS’s
business could be adversely affected if OFS experienced an interruption in
or
breach of its communication or information systems or if OFS were unable
to
safeguard the security and privacy of the personal financial information
OFS
receives. OFS relies heavily upon communications and information systems
to
conduct it business. Any material interruption or breach in security of OFS’s
communication or information systems or the third-party systems on which
OFS
relies could cause delays in rendering an underwriting decision or other
delays
and could result in fewer loan applications being received, applications
not
closing, slower processing of applications and reduced efficiency in loan
servicing. Additionally, in connection with OFS’s loan file due diligence
reviews, OFS has access to the personal financial information of the borrowers
which is highly sensitive and confidential, and subject to significant federal
and state regulation. If a third party were to misappropriate this information,
OFS potentially could be subject to both private and public legal actions.
Although OFS has policies and procedures designed to safeguard confidential
information, OFS can provide no assurance that these policies and safeguards
are
sufficient to prevent the misappropriation of confidential information, that
the
policies and safeguards will be deemed compliant with any existing federal
or
state laws or regulations governing privacy, or with those laws or regulations
that may be adopted in the future. Also, in selling its loans OFS must ship
these files containing borrower’s confidential information. While in transit,
the files may be out of the control of OFS’s safeguarding measures. OFS can
still be held liable for access to this information while in
transit.
Failure
to renew or obtain adequate funding under warehouse repurchase agreements
may
harm OFS’s lending operations. OFS is currently dependent upon a number of
credit facilities for funding of its mortgage loan originations and
acquisitions. Any failure to renew or obtain adequate funding under these
financing arrangements for any reason, including OFS’s inability to meet the
covenants contained in such arrangements, could harm its lending operations
and
its overall performance.
OFS
has
credit exposure to representation and warranties with respect to loans OFS
sells
to the whole loan market. OFS has potential credit and liquidity exposure
for
loans that are the subject of fraud, irregularities in their loan files or
process, or that result in OFS’s breaching the representations and warranties in
the contract of sale. In addition, when OFS sells loans to the whole loan
market
OFS has exposure for loans that default, within certain timeframes. In these
cases, OFS may be obligated to repurchase loans at principal value plus accrued
interest and a pro-rata amount on any premium paid and any servicing released
premium along with any escrow shortage and out of pockets that the buyer
may
have incurred, which could result in a significant decline in OFS’s available
cash. When OFS purchases loans from a third party, through OFS’s Conduit
division, that OFS sells into the whole loan market or to a securitization
trust, OFS obtains representations and warranties from the counterparties
that
sold the loans to OFS that generally parallel the representations and warranties
OFS provides to OFS’s purchasers. As a result, OFS believes they have the
potential for recourse against the seller of the loans. However, if the
representations and warranties are not parallel, or if the original seller
is
not in a financial position to be able to repurchase the loan, OFS may have
to
use cash resources to repurchase loans which could adversely affect OFS’s
liquidity.
Interest
Rate Risk
Changes
in interest rates may harm OFS’s results of operations. OFS’s results of
operations are likely to be harmed during any period of unexpected or rapid
changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes could affect OFS in the
following ways:
§
|
a
substantial or sustained increase in interest rates could harm
OFS’s
ability to originate or acquire mortgage loans in expected volumes,
which
could result in a decrease in OFS’s cash flow and in OFS’s ability to
support OFS’s fixed overhead expense
levels;
|
§
|
interest
rate fluctuations may harm OFS’s earnings as a result of potential changes
in the spread between the interest rates on OFS’s borrowings and the
interest rates on OFS’s mortgage
assets;
|
§
|
mortgage
prepayment rates vary depending on such factors as mortgage interest
rates
and market conditions, and changes in anticipated prepayment rates
may
harm OFS’s earnings; and
|
§
|
when
OFS securitizes loans, the value of the residual interests OFS
retains and
the income OFS receives from them are based primarily on LIBOR,
and an
increase in LIBOR reduces the net income OFS receives from, and
the value
of, these residual interests.
|
Hedging
against interest rate exposure may adversely affect OFS’s earnings, which could
adversely affect cash available for distribution to Opteum’s stockholders. OFS
may enter into interest rate swap agreements or pursue other interest rate
hedging strategies.
OFS’s
hedging activity will vary in scope based on interest rates, the type of
mortgage assets held, and other changing market conditions. Interest rate
hedging may fail to protect or could adversely affect OFS because, among
other
things:
§
|
interest
rate hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of rising
and
volatile interest rates;
|
§
|
hedging
instruments involve risk because they often are not traded on regulated
exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or
regulated
by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities; consequently,
there are
no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility
or segregation of customer funds and positions, and the enforceability
of
agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance
with applicable statutory, commodity and other regulatory
requirements;
|
§
|
available
interest rate hedging may not correspond directly with the interest
rate
risk for which protection is
sought;
|
§
|
the
duration of the hedge may not match the duration of the related
liability
or asset;
|
§
|
the
credit quality of the party owing money on the hedge may be downgraded
to
such an extent that it impairs OFS’s ability to sell or assign OFS’s side
of the hedging transaction;
|
§
|
the
party owing money in the hedging transaction may default on its
obligation
to pay, and a default by a party with whom OFS enters into a hedging
transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits;
and
|
§
|
OFS
may not be able to dispose of or close out a hedging position without
the
consent of the hedging counterparty, and OFS may not be able to
enter into
an offsetting contract in order to cover OFS’s
risks.
|
When
interest rates rise, loans held for sale and any applications in process
with
locked-in rates decrease in value. To preserve the value of such fixed-rate
loans or applications in process with locked-in rates, agreements are executed
for mandatory loan sales to be settled at future dates with fixed prices.
These
sales take the form of forward sales of mortgage-backed securities.
When
interest rates decline, fallout may occur as a result of customers withdrawing
their applications. In such instances, OFS may be required to purchase back
these mandatory delivery agreements at current market prices, possibly incurring
losses upon settlement. OFS uses an interest rate hedging program to manage
these risks. Through this program, mortgage-backed securities are purchased
and
sold forward or options are acquired on treasury futures contracts.
Movements
in interest rates also impact the value of MSRs. When interest rates decline,
the loans underlying the MSRs are generally expected to prepay faster, which
reduces the market value of the MSRs. OFS considers the expected increase
in
loan origination volumes and the resulting additional origination related
income
as a natural hedge against the expected change in the value of MSRs. Lower
mortgage rates generally reduce the fair value of the MSRs, as increased
prepayment speeds are highly correlated with lower levels of mortgage interest
rates.
Securitization
Execution Risk
An
interruption or reduction in the securitization market or change in terms
offered by this market would hurt OFS’s financial position. OFS is dependent on
the securitization market for the sale of OFS’s loans and the securitization
market is dependent upon a number of factors, including general economic
conditions, conditions in the securities market generally and in the
asset-backed securities market specifically. Similarly, poor performance
of
OFS’s previously securitized loans could harm OFS’s access to the securitization
market.
Competition
in the securitization market may negatively affect OFS’s net income. Competition
in the business of sponsoring securitizations of the type OFS focuses on
is
increasing as Wall Street broker-dealers, other mortgage REITs, investment
management companies, and other financial institutions expand their activities
or enter this field. Increased competition could reduce OFS’s securitization
margins if OFS has to pay a higher price for the long-term funding of these
assets. To the extent that OFS’s securitization margins erode, OFS’s results of
operations will be negatively impacted.
Real
Estate Market Risk
Geographic
over-concentration of mortgage loans OFS originates or purchases increases
OFS’s
exposure to the economic and natural hazard risks in those areas, especially
in
California, Georgia and Florida.
A
prolonged economic slowdown or a decline in the real estate market could
harm
OFS’s results of operations. A substantial portion of OFS’s mortgage assets
consist of single-family mortgage loans or mortgage
securities—available-for-sale evidencing interests in single-family mortgage
loans. Any sustained period of increased delinquencies, foreclosures or losses
could harm OFS’s ability to sell loans, the prices OFS receives for OFS’s loans,
the values of OFS’s mortgage loans held for sale or OFS’s residual interests in
securitizations.
Current
loan performance data may not be indicative of future results. When valuing
OFS’s retained interests in securitizations or MSRs OFS uses projections,
estimates and assumptions based on OFS’s experience with mortgage loans. Actual
results and the timing of certain events could differ materially in adverse
ways
from those projected, due to factors including changes in general economic
conditions, fluctuations in interest rates, fluctuations in mortgage loan
prepayment rates and fluctuations in losses due to defaults on mortgage loans.
The
value
of the retained interests in residuals and MSRs are both sensitive to movements
in interest rates, prepayment rates, the credit performance of the underlying
loans, and market conventions regarding discount rates used to value such
assets. The tables below provide results of sensitivity analysis performed
on
the valuation of retained interests in residuals and MSRs. In each case,
the
underlying assumptions used by OFS to value these assets have been stressed
to
gauge the impact on carrying value.
At
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, key economic assumptions and the
sensitivity of the current fair value of residual cash flows to the immediate
10% and 20% adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Balance
Sheet Carrying value of retained interests - fair value
|
$
|
104,199
|
$
|
98,011
|
Weighted
average life (in years)
|
4.26
|
2.62
|
||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate)
|
37.88%
|
32.53%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,235)
|
$
|
(7,817)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(14,939)
|
$
|
(16,089)
|
Expected
Credit losses (annual rate)
|
0.56%
|
0.61%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,052)
|
$
|
(3,247)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,098)
|
$
|
(6,419)
|
Residual
Cash-Flow Discount Rate
|
16.03%
|
13.96%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(4,575)
|
$
|
(3,804)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,771)
|
$
|
(7,392)
|
Interest
rates on variable and adjustable loans and bonds
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(18,554)
|
$
|
(21,265)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(39,292)
|
$
|
(34,365)
|
At
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, key economic assumptions and the
sensitivity of the current fair value of MSRs cash flows to the immediate
10%
and 20% adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate) (PSA)
|
424.6
|
254.0
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,923)
|
$
|
(3,615)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(7,557)
|
$
|
(6,936)
|
MSR
Cash-Flow Discount Rate
|
14.50%
|
10.74%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,505)
|
$
|
(4,856)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,727)
|
$
|
(9,280)
|
ITEM
8. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
Index
to Financial Statements
Page
|
|
Management’s
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
|
73
|
Reports
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
74
|
Report
of Independent Auditors
|
76
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006 and 2005
|
77
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004
|
78
|
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31,
2006, 2005 and 2004
|
79
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004
|
80
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
82
|
MANAGEMENT’S
REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management
of Opteum Inc. (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that:
(i)
|
pertain
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately
and
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets
of the
Company;
|
(ii)
|
provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
Company
are being made only in accordance with authorization of management
and
directors of the Company; and
|
(iii)
|
provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that
could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
|
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may
become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control, management used the criteria set forth
by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in
Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on the assessment and those
criteria, management believes that the Company maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006.
The
Company’s registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on
management’s assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. The report is included herein.
/s/
Jeffrey J. Zimmer
Jeffrey J. Zimmer
Jeffrey J. Zimmer
Chairman,
President and Chief Executive Officer
/s/
Robert E. Cauley
Robert
E.
Cauley
Vice
Chairman, Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief
Financial Officer and Chief Investment
Officer
March
12,
2007
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board
of
Directors and Stockholders
Opteum
Inc. (formerly
known as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc.)
We
have
audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s
Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Opteum Inc. (formerly
known as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc.) maintained effective internal
control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established
in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria).
Opteum
Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on
management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and
performing such other procedures as considered necessary in the circumstances.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors
of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or
timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may
become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In
our
opinion, management’s assessment that Opteum Inc. maintained effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated,
in
all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion,
Opteum
Inc., maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the
COSO
criteria.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets
of
Opteum Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the each
of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 and our report dated
March
12, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst
& Young LLP
Certified
Public Accountants
Miami,
Florida
March
12,
2007
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board
of
Directors and Stockholders
Opteum Inc.
(formerly known as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc.)
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Opteum Inc. (the
Company) (formerly known as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc.) as of
December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years
in
the period ended December 31, 2006. Our audit also included the financial
statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 2006 listed in the Index
at
Item 15b. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility
of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We did not audit the
consolidated financial statements of Opteum Financial Services, LLC and
subsidiaries, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which statements reflect total
assets of $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2005 and total net revenues of
$3.4
million for the year then ended. Those statements were audited by other auditors
whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates
to
the amounts of Opteum Financial Services, LLC and subsidiaries, is based
solely
on the report of other auditors.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,
on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report
of
other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the financial
statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the
consolidated financial position of Opteum Inc. as of December 31, 2006
and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the
related
financial statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 2006, when
considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole,
present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
As
discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company changed its
accounting for mortgage servicing rights in connection with the adoption
of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 156, Accounting
for Servicing of Financial Assets,
as
of
January 1, 2006.
We
also
have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Opteum Inc.’s internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee
of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated
March
12, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/
Ernst & Young LLP
Certified
Public Accountants
|
|||
Miami,
Florida
March
12,
2007
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To
the
Stockholders of Opteum
Financial
Services, LLC:
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Opteum Financial
Services, LLC and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2005 and
the related consolidated statement of operations, stockholders' equity, and
cash
flows for the period from November 3, 2005 (Date of Acquisition) to December
31,
2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on
our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted
in
the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatements. An audit includes consideration of internal
control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures
that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purposes of expressing
an
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures
in
the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Opteum Financial Services, LLC and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and the results of their operations
and
their cash flows for the period from November 3, 2005 (Date of Acquisition)
to
December 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America.
/s/
Deloitte & Touche LLP
|
|||
February
28, 2006
OPTEUM
INC.
|
||||
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
|
||||
December
31,
|
||||
2006
|
2005
|
|||
ASSETS
|
||||
MORTGAGE-BACKED
SECURITIES:
|
||||
Pledged
to counterparties, at fair value
|
$
|
2,803,019,180
|
$
|
3,493,490,046
|
Unpledged,
at fair value
|
5,714,860
|
539,313
|
||
TOTAL
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
|
2,808,734,040
|
3,494,029,359
|
||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
92,506,282
|
130,510,948
|
||
RESTRICTED
CASH
|
-
|
2,310,000
|
||
MORTGAGE
LOANS HELD FOR SALE, NET
|
749,833,599
|
894,237,630
|
||
RETAINED
INTERESTS, TRADING
|
104,198,721
|
98,010,592
|
||
SECURITIES
HELD FOR SALE
|
857,788
|
2,782,548
|
||
MORTGAGE
SERVICING RIGHTS, NET
|
98,859,466
|
86,081,594
|
||
RECEIVABLES,
NET
|
5,958,329
|
24,512,118
|
||
PRINCIPAL
PAYMENTS RECEIVABLE
|
12,209,825
|
21,497,365
|
||
ACCRUED
INTEREST RECEIVABLE
|
14,072,078
|
15,740,475
|
||
DERIVATIVE
ASSET
|
5,863,963
|
-
|
||
DEFERRED
TAX ASSET
|
7,180,598
|
-
|
||
PROPERTY
AND EQUIPMENT, NET
|
15,788,078
|
16,067,170
|
||
PREPAIDS
AND OTHER ASSETS
|
21,571,169
|
19,321,766
|
||
$
|
3,937,633,936
|
$
|
4,805,101,565
|
|
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
||||
LIABILITIES:
|
||||
Repurchase
agreements
|
$
|
2,741,679,650
|
$
|
3,337,598,362
|
Warehouse
lines of credit and drafts payable
|
734,878,632
|
873,741,429
|
||
Other
secured borrowings
|
121,976,748
|
104,886,339
|
||
Junior
subordinated notes due to Bimini Capital Trust I & II
|
103,097,000
|
103,097,000
|
||
Accrued
interest payable
|
17,776,464
|
30,232,719
|
||
Unsettled
security purchases
|
-
|
58,278,701
|
||
Dividends
payable
|
1,266,937
|
-
|
||
Deferred
tax liability
|
-
|
18,360,679
|
||
Minority
interest in consolidated subsidiary
|
770,563
|
-
|
||
Accounts
payable, accrued expenses and other
|
23,753,113
|
26,417,996
|
||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES
|
|
3,745,199,107
|
|
4,552,613,225
|
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
||||
STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY:
|
||||
Preferred
stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; designated,
1,800,000 shares as Class A Redeemable and 2,000,000 shares as
Class B
Redeemable; at December 31, 2006, no shares issued and outstanding;
at
December 31, 2005, 1,223,208 Class A Redeemable and no Class B
Redeemable
issued and outstanding.
|
-
|
1,223
|
||
Class
A common stock, $0.001 par value; 98,000,000 shares designated;
24,515,717
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 24,129,042
shares
issued and 23,567,242 shares outstanding at December 31,
2005.
|
24,516
|
24,129
|
||
Class
B common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares designated,
319,388
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and
2005.
|
319
|
319
|
||
Class
C common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares designated,
319,388
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and
2005.
|
319
|
319
|
||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
335,646,460
|
342,230,342
|
||
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
(76,773,610)
|
(76,494,378)
|
||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(66,463,175)
|
(8,037,260)
|
||
Treasury
Stock; 561,800 shares of Class A common stock, at cost
|
-
|
(5,236,354)
|
||
STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY
|
192,434,829
|
252,488,340
|
||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
$
|
3,937,633,936
|
$
|
4,805,101,565
|
See
notes to consolidated financial
statements.
|
OPTEUM
INC.
|
||||||||||
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||
Interest
income, net of amortization of premium and discount
|
$
|
255,008,719
|
$
|
160,640,830
|
$
|
49,633,548
|
||||
Interest
expense
|
(241,483,310)
|
(123,658,728)
|
(22,634,919)
|
|||||||
NET
INTEREST INCOME
|
13,525,409
|
36,982,102
|
26,998,629
|
|||||||
OTHER
INCOME (LOSS)
|
7,397,768
|
(24,866)
|
-
|
|||||||
SERVICING
INCOME (LOSS):
|
||||||||||
Servicing
fee income
|
26,496,080
|
3,922,654
|
-
|
|||||||
Amortization
of mortgage servicing rights
|
(34,694,901)
|
(2,429,759)
|
-
|
|||||||
NET
SERVICING INCOME (LOSS)
|
(8,198,821)
|
1,492,895
|
-
|
|||||||
NON-INTEREST
INCOME:
|
||||||||||
GAINS
ON MORTGAGE BANKING ACTIVITIES
|
15,458,268
|
849,760
|
-
|
|||||||
OTHER-THAN-TEMPORARY
LOSS ON MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
|
(9,971,471)
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
GAINS
ON SALES OF MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
|
-
|
1,993,457
|
95,547
|
|||||||
GAIN
ON SALE OF A 7.5% INTEREST IN CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY
|
2,785,776
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
TOTAL
NET REVENUES
|
20,996,929
|
41,293,348
|
27,094,176
|
|||||||
DIRECT
REIT OPERATING EXPENSES
|
987,409
|
994,784
|
730,903
|
|||||||
GENERAL
AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES:
|
||||||||||
Compensation
and related benefits
|
35,003,107
|
10,986,059
|
2,497,600
|
|||||||
Audit,
legal and other professional fees
|
8,682,054
|
1,447,519
|
329,514
|
|||||||
Other
interest
|
7,586,955
|
1,093,054
|
-
|
|||||||
Valuation
allowance
|
13,319,018
|
424,236
|
-
|
|||||||
Occupancy
and utilities
|
14,410,939
|
2,356,931
|
62,232
|
|||||||
Advertising
and marketing
|
5,041,425
|
982,349
|
-
|
|||||||
Other
administrative
|
12,778,380
|
2,945,745
|
617,017
|
|||||||
TOTAL
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
|
96,821,878
|
20,235,893
|
3,506,363
|
|||||||
TOTAL
EXPENSES
|
97,809,287
|
21,230,677
|
4,237,266
|
|||||||
(LOSS)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
|
(76,812,358)
|
20,062,671
|
22,856,910
|
|||||||
INCOME
TAX BENEFIT
|
27,217,584
|
4,220,000
|
-
|
|||||||
NET
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE MINORITY INTEREST
|
(49,594,774)
|
24,282,671
|
22,856,910
|
|||||||
MINORITY
INTEREST IN CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY
|
48,912
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
NET
(LOSS) INCOME
|
$
|
(49,545,862)
|
$
|
24,282,671
|
$
|
22,856,910
|
||||
BASIC
AND DILUTED NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE OF:
|
||||||||||
CLASS
A COMMON STOCK
|
$
|
(2.03)
|
$
|
1.12
|
$
|
1.97
|
||||
CLASS
B COMMON STOCK
|
$
|
(1.99)
|
$
|
1.16
|
$
|
2.05
|
||||
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING USED IN COMPUTING BASIC AND
DILUTED
PER SHARE AMOUNTS
|
|
|
||||||||
CLASS
A COMMON STOCK
|
24,066,018
|
21,421,501
|
11,452,258
|
|||||||
CLASS
B COMMON STOCK
|
319,388
|
319,388
|
159,694
|
|||||||
CASH
DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER SHARE OF:
|
||||||||||
CLASS
A COMMON STOCK
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
1.45
|
$
|
1.97
|
||||
CLASS
B COMMON STOCK
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
1.45
|
$
|
1.06
|
||||
See
notes to consolidated financial
statements.
|
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|||||||||||
Common
Stock,
Amounts
at par value
|
Class
A Preferred
|
Treasury
|
Additional
Paid-in
|
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
|
Accumulated
|
||||||
Class
A
|
Class
B
|
Class
C
|
Stock
|
Stock
|
Capital
|
Loss
|
Deficit
|
Total
|
|||
Balances,
December 31, 2003
|
$
4,012
|
$
319
|
$
319
|
$
-
|
$
-
|
$
56,597,117
|
$
(19,409)
|
$
(267,167)
|
$
56,315,191
|
||
Issuance
of Class A common shares as board compensation
|
12
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
174,374
|
-
|
-
|
174,386
|
||
Sale
of Class A common shares in January 2004
|
5,837
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
82,858,509
|
-
|
-
|
82,864,346
|
||
Sale
of Class A common shares in February 2004
|
158
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,248,313
|
-
|
-
|
2,248,471
|
||
Sale
of Class A common shares in Sept. 2004
|
5,750
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
75,875,807
|
-
|
-
|
75,881,557
|
||
Cash
dividends declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(23,667,303)
|
(23,667,303)
|
||
Amortization
of equity plan compensation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
745,756
|
-
|
-
|
745,756
|
||
Reclassify
net realized gain on security sales
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(95,547)
|
-
|
(95,547)
|
||
Sale
of class A common shares in December 2004
|
4,600
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
66,674,775
|
-
|
-
|
66,679,375
|
||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
22,856,910
|
22,856,910
|
||
Unrealized
loss on available for sale securities, net
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,040,815)
|
-
|
(1,040,815)
|
||
Comprehensive
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
21,816,095
|
||
Balances,
December 31, 2004
|
$
20,369
|
$
319
|
$
319
|
$
-
|
$
-
|
$285,174,651
|
$
(1,155,771)
|
$
(1,077,560)
|
$
282,962,327
|
||
Issuance
of Class A common shares for board compensation and equity plan
share
exercises
|
43
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
357,800
|
-
|
-
|
357,843
|
||
Treasury
stock purchases
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(5,236,354)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(5,236,354)
|
||
Issuance
of stock for an acquisition
|
3,717
|
-
|
-
|
1,223
|
-
|
54,716,654
|
-
|
-
|
54,721,594
|
||
Cash
dividends declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(31,242,371)
|
(31,242,371)
|
||
Amortization
of equity plan compensation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,130,132
|
-
|
-
|
2,130,132
|
||
Stock
issuance costs
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(148,895)
|
-
|
-
|
(148,895)
|
||
Reclassify
net realized gain on security sales
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,993,457)
|
-
|
(1,993,457)
|
||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
24,282,671
|
24,282,671
|
||
Unrealized
loss on available for sale securities, net
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(73,345,150)
|
-
|
(73,345,150)
|
||
Comprehensive
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(49,062,479)
|
||
Balances,
December 31, 2005
|
$
24,129
|
$
319
|
$
319
|
$
1,223
|
$(5,236,354)
|
$342,230,342
|
$
(76,494,378)
|
$
(8,037,260)
|
$
252,488,340
|
||
Fair
value adjustment upon adoption of SFAS No. 156 (see Note
5)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,621,918
|
2,621,918
|
||
Issuance
of Class A Common Stock for board compensation and equity plan
share
exercises, net
|
253
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
978,055
|
-
|
-
|
978,308
|
||
Conversion
of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock into Class A Common
Stock
|
1,223
|
-
|
-
|
(1,223)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||
Treasury
Stock purchases
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(4,500,326)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(4,500,326)
|
||
Retirement
of Treasury Stock
|
(1,089)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
9,736,680
|
(9,735,591)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||
Cash
dividends declared
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(11,501,971)
|
(11,501,971)
|
||
Amortization
of equity plan compensation
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2,881,935
|
-
|
-
|
2,881,935
|
||
Equity
plan shares withheld for statutory minimum withholding
taxes
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(579,897)
|
-
|
-
|
(579,897)
|
||
Stock
issuance costs, and other adjustments
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(128,384)
|
-
|
-
|
(128,384)
|
||
Net
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(49,545,862)
|
(49,545,862)
|
||
Unrealized
loss on available-for-sale securities, net
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(10,250,703)
|
-
|
(10,250,703)
|
||
Reclassify
other-than-temporary loss on MBS
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
9,971,471
|
-
|
9,971,471
|
||
Comprehensive
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(49,825,094)
|
||
Balances,
December 31, 2006
|
$
24,516
|
$319
|
$
319
|
$
-
|
$
-
|
$335,646,460
|
$(76,773,610)
|
$(66,463,175)
|
$192,434,829
|
||
See
notes to consolidated financial
statements.
|
OPTEUM
INC.
|
||||||
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
||||||
|
||||||
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(49,545,862)
|
$
|
24,282,671
|
$
|
22,856,910
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
||||||
(Gain)
on mortgage banking activities
|
(15,458,268)
|
(849,760)
|
-
|
|||
Amortization
of premium and discount on mortgage backed securities
|
(1,983,240)
|
17,370,738
|
21,391,807
|
|||
Other-than-temporary
loss on MBS
|
9,971,471
|
-
|
-
|
|||
(Increase)
in residual interest in asset backed securities
|
(6,188,129)
|
(3,399,370)
|
-
|
|||
Originated
mortgage servicing rights
|
(8,479,647)
|
998,183
|
-
|
|||
Decrease
in mortgage loans held for sale
|
159,110,610
|
293,211,577
|
-
|
|||
Decrease
in securities held for sale
|
1,924,760
|
846,987
|
-
|
|||
Derivative
asset
|
(5,112,274)
|
-
|
-
|
|||
(Gain)
on sale of a 7.5% interest in OFS subsidiary
|
(2,785,776)
|
-
|
-
|
|||
Stock
compensation
|
3,280,346
|
2,487,975
|
920,142
|
|||
Minority
interest in the consolidated loss
|
(48,912)
|
-
|
-
|
|||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
4,383,776
|
842,113
|
26,886
|
|||
Deferred
income tax benefit
|
(27,217,584)
|
(4,220,000)
|
-
|
|||
(Gain)
on sales of mortgage-backed securities
|
-
|
(1,993,457)
|
(95,547)
|
|||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities:
|
||||||
Decrease
in other receivables, net
|
18,553,789
|
4,993,820
|
-
|
|||
(Increase)/decrease
in accrued interest receivable
|
1,668,397
|
(4,362,666)
|
(11,306,327)
|
|||
(Increase)/decrease
in prepaids and other assets
|
(2,877,381)
|
3,427,374
|
(711,221)
|
|||
(Decrease)/increase
in accrued interest payable
|
(12,456,255)
|
22,251,890
|
7,960,743
|
|||
(Decrease)/increase
in accounts payable, accrued expenses and
other
|
(4,537,715)
|
(2,770,309)
|
436,589
|
|||
NET
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
|
62,202,106
|
353,117,766
|
41,479,982
|
|||
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||
From
available-for-sale securities:
|
||||||
Purchases
|
(716,951,195)
|
(2,307,378,255)
|
(3,409,261,768)
|
|||
Sales
|
-
|
240,735,761
|
360,124,493
|
|||
Principal
repayments
|
1,344,987,891
|
1,429,565,048
|
342,517,917
|
|||
Cash
acquired in OFS acquisition, net of costs
|
-
|
1,651,892
|
-
|
|||
Net
cash received from the sale of an interest in a consolidated subsidiary
|
3,605,251
|
-
|
-
|
|||
Purchases
of property and equipment, and other
|
(3,476,707)
|
(4,671,698)
|
(1,988,721)
|
|||
NET
CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES
|
628,165,240
|
(640,097,252)
|
(2,708,608,079)
|
|||
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||
Decrease
(increase) in restricted cash
|
2,310,000
|
6,352,000
|
(8,662,000)
|
|||
Proceeds
from Repurchase Agreements
|
22,284,528,415
|
19,974,952,748
|
8,638,465,885
|
|||
Principal
Payments on Repurchase Agreements
|
(22,880,447,127)
|
(19,408,517,343)
|
(6,056,143,928)
|
|||
Decrease
in warehouse lines of credit, drafts payable and other secured
borrowings
|
(119,899,558)
|
(279,086,207)
|
-
|
|||
Net
proceeds from trust preferred securities offerings
|
-
|
100,030,956
|
-
|
|||
Stock
issuance costs
|
(128,384)
|
(148,896)
|
-
|
|||
Related
party debt repaid immediately following acquisition
|
-
|
(18,333,000)
|
-
|
|||
Third
party debt repaid immediately following acquisition
|
-
|
(50,223,536)
|
-
|
|||
Proceeds
from sales of common stock, net of issuance costs
|
-
|
-
|
227,673,749
|
|||
Purchase
of treasury stock
|
(4,500,326)
|
(5,236,354)
|
-
|
|||
Cash
dividends paid
|
(10,235,032)
|
(31,242,370)
|
(23,667,303)
|
|||
NET
CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES
|
(728,372,012)
|
288,547,998
|
2,777,666,403
|
|||
NET
CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
(38,004,666)
|
1,568,512
|
110,538,306
|
|||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, Beginning of the period
|
130,510,948
|
128,942,436
|
18,404,130
|
|||
CASH
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, End of the period
|
$
|
92,506,282
|
$
|
130,510,948
|
$
|
128,942,436
|
See
note to consolidated financial
statements.
|
OPTEUM
INC.
|
||||||
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CON'T)
|
||||||
|
||||||
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||
SUPPLEMENTAL
DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
|
||||||
Cash
paid during the period for interest
|
$
|
261,526,520
|
$
|
101,406,838
|
$
|
14,197,204
|
SUPPLEMENTAL
SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
||||||
Cash
dividends declared and payable, not yet paid
|
$
|
1,266,937
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
Unsettled
security purchases
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
58,278,701
|
$
|
65,765,630
|
OFS
acquisition:
|
||||||
Fair
value of assets acquired:
|
||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
3,431,736
|
$
|
-
|
Loans
held for sale
|
-
|
1,186,599,447
|
-
|
|||
Retained
interests, trading
|
-
|
94,611,222
|
-
|
|||
Mortgage
servicing rights, net
|
-
|
87,079,777
|
-
|
|||
Fixed
assets
|
-
|
9,919,100
|
-
|
|||
Goodwill
|
-
|
2,107,130
|
-
|
|||
Identifiable
intangibles
|
-
|
4,042,617
|
-
|
|||
Other
assets
|
-
|
46,203,917
|
-
|
|||
Total
|
-
|
1,433,994,946
|
-
|
|||
Fair
value of liabilities assumed:
|
||||||
Deferred
income tax liability
|
-
|
(22,580,679)
|
-
|
|||
Other
liabilities
|
-
|
(1,354,912,827)
|
-
|
|||
Issuance
of 1,223,208 shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock and 3,717,242
shares of Class A Common Stock, inclusive of cash paid of
$1,779,846
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
56,501,440
|
$
|
-
|
See
notes to consolidated financial
statements.
|
OPTEUM INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER
31, 2006
NOTE
1. ORGANIZATION
AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization
and Business Description
Opteum
Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Opteum”), was originally formed in September 2003
as Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. (“Bimini”) for
the
purpose creating and managing a leveraged investment portfolio consisting
of
residential mortgage backed securities (“MBS”). Opteum’s shares of Class A
Common Stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and trade under
the ticker symbol “OPX.” Opteum’s website is located at
http://www.opteum.com.
On
November 3, 2005, Opteum, then known as Bimini, acquired Opteum
Financial Services, LLC (“OFS”), a company that originates,
buys, sells, and services residential mortgages from offices throughout the
United States. Upon closing of the transaction, OFS became a wholly-owned
taxable REIT subsidiary of Bimini. Under the terms of the transaction, Bimini
issued 3,717,242 shares of Class A Common Stock and 1,223,208 shares of Class
A
Redeemable Preferred Stock to the former members of OFS. Bimini also agreed
to a
contingent earn-out of up to $17.5 million payable to the former members
of OFS
on or before November 3, 2010, in cash or, under certain circumstances,
additional shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock. The contingent earn-out
is based on the achievement by OFS of certain specific financial objectives.
For
the period ended December 31, 2006, such objectives were not met and there
were
no payments made in respect of the contingent earn-out.
On
February 10, 2006, in an effort to more fully leverage OFS’s national brand
identity, Bimini changed its name to Opteum Inc. At Opteum’s 2006 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders, the shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock issued
to the
former members of OFS were converted into shares of Opteum’s Class A Common
Stock on a one-for-one basis following the approval of such conversion by
Opteum’s stockholders.
On
December 21, 2006, Opteum sold to Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.
(“Citigroup Realty”) a Class B non-voting limited liability company membership
interest in OFS, representing 7.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited liability
company membership interests, for $4.1 million. Immediately following the
transaction, Opteum held Class A voting limited liability company membership
interests in OFS representing 92.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited
liability company membership interests. In connection with the transaction,
Opteum also granted Citigroup Realty the option, exercisable on or before
December 20, 2007, to acquire additional Class B non-voting limited liability
company membership interests in OFS representing 7.49% of all of OFS’s
outstanding limited liability company membership interests.
Opteum
has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a REIT, Opteum is
generally not subject to federal income tax on its REIT taxable income provided
that it distributes to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable
income
on an annual basis. OFS
has
elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary and, as such, is subject
to
federal, state and local income taxation. In addition, the ability of OFS
to
deduct interest paid or accrued to Opteum for federal, state and local tax
purposes is subject to certain limitations.
As
used
in this document, references to “Opteum,” the parent company, the registrant,
and to REIT qualifying activities or the general management of Opteum Inc.’s
investment portfolio of residential mortgage backed securities (“MBS”) refer
solely to “Opteum Inc.” Further, as used in this document, references to “OFS,”
Opteum’s taxable REIT subsidiary or non-REIT eligible assets refer solely to
Opteum Financial Services, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries. References
to
the “Company” refer to Opteum and OFS on a consolidated basis. The assets and
activities that are not REIT eligible, such as mortgage origination, acquisition
and servicing activities, are conducted by OFS.
Basis
of Presentation and Use of Estimates
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on the accrual
basis
of accounting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals
(“GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates
affecting the accompanying financial statements include the fair values of
MBS,
the prepayment speeds used to calculate amortization and accretion of premiums
and discounts on MBS, the deferred tax liability valuation, the valuation
allowance on mortgage loans held for sale, the valuation of retained interests,
trading and the fair value of mortgage servicing rights. Certain December
31,
2005 and 2004 amounts were reclassified to conform to the 2006 presentation.
Opteum
owned 100% of OFS until December 21, 2006, when a Class B non-voting interest
representing 7.5% of OFS’s then outstanding Limited Liability Company membership
interest was sold to Citigroup Realty. Citigroup Realty’s proportionate share in
the after-tax results of OFS’s operations are shown in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations, and Citigroup Realty’s interests in the
net equity of OFS is reflected as a liability on the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets.
The
accompanying 2006 consolidated financial statements include the accounts
of
Opteum and its majority-owned subsidiary, OFS, as well the wholly-owned and
majority owned subsidiaries of OFS. All
inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated from the
consolidated financial statements.
The
financial statements for December 31, 2005 include the results of OFS for
the
period November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005.
As
further described in Note 11, Opteum has a common
share investment in two trusts used in connection with the
issuance
of Opteum’s junior subordinated notes. Pursuant to the accounting guidance
provided in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”)
No. 46, “Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities,”
Opteum’s common shares investment in the trusts are not consolidated in the
financial statements of Opteum, and accordingly, these investments are accounted
for on the equity method.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
Cash
and
cash equivalents include cash on hand and highly liquid investments with
original maturities of three months or less. The carrying amount of cash
equivalents approximates its fair value at December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Restricted
cash represents cash held on deposit as collateral with certain repurchase
agreement counterparties (i.e. lenders). Such amounts may be used to make
principal and interest payments on the related repurchase
agreements.
Valuation
of Mortgage Backed Securities
The
valuation of the Company's investments in MBS is governed by Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 107,
Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments.
SFAS
No. 107 defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at
which
the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing
parties. All REIT securities are reflected in the Company's financial statements
at their estimated fair value as of December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005.
Estimated fair values for MBS are based on the average of third-party broker
quotes received and/or independent pricing sources when available. However,
the
fair values reported reflect estimates and may not necessarily be indicative
of
the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange.
In
accordance with GAAP, the Company classifies its investments in MBS as either
trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity
investments. Management determines the appropriate classification of the
securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness
of
such classifications at each balance sheet date. Although the Company intends
to
hold its MBS until maturity, it may, from time to time, sell any of its MBS
as
part of the overall management of the business. The Company classifies all
of
its securities as available-for-sale and assets so classified are carried
on the
balance sheet at fair value and unrealized gains or losses arising from changes
in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income or loss as a component
of stockholders' equity.
When
the
fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than amortized cost,
management considers whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment
in the
value of the security. The decision is based on the credit quality
of the issue (agency versus non-agency and for non-agency, the credit
performance of the underlying collateral), the security prepayment speeds,
the
length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position and the
Company's ability and intent to hold securities. As of December 31, 2006,
the
Company did not hold any non-agency securities in its portfolio. If, in
management's judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost
basis
of the security is written down in the period to fair value and the unrealized
loss is recognized in current period earnings.
Mortgage
Loans Held for Sale
Mortgage
loans held for sale represent mortgage loans originated and held by the Company
pending sale to investors. The mortgages are carried at the lower of cost
or
market as determined by outstanding commitments from investors or current
investor yield requirements calculated on the aggregate loan basis. Deferred
net
fees or costs are not amortized during the period the loans are held for
sale,
but are recorded when the loan is sold. The Company generally, but not always,
sells or securitizes loans with servicing rights retained. These transfers
of
financial assets are accounted for as sales for financial reporting purposes
when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred
assets is surrendered when (i) the assets have been isolated from the Company;
(ii) the purchaser obtains the right, free of conditions that constrain such
purchaser from taking advantage of that right, to pledge or exchange the
transferred assets and (iii) the Company does not maintain effective control
over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before
their
maturity. These transactions are treated as sales in accordance with SFAS
No.
140
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment
of
Liabilities.
Gains
or losses on such sales are recognized at the time legal title transfers
to the
purchaser and are based upon the difference between the sales proceeds from
the
purchaser and the allocated basis of the loan sold, adjusted for net deferred
loan fees and certain direct costs and selling costs. A valuation allowance
is
recorded to adjust mortgage loans held for sale to the lower of cost or
market.
Retained
Interest, Trading
The
Company uses warehouse loan arrangements to finance the origination and purchase
of pools of fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans (the “Mortgage
Loans”). Subsequent to their origination or purchase, OFS either sells these
Mortgage Loans to third-party institutional investors through bulk sale
arrangements or through securitization transactions. The Company generally
makes
several representations and warranties regarding the performance of the Mortgage
Loans in connection with each sale or securitization.
In
a
securitization, the Company accumulates the desired amount of Mortgage Loans
and
securitizes them in order to create marketable securities. First, pursuant
to a
Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement (“MLPA”), the Company sells Mortgage Loans to
OMAC, the Company's wholly-owned special purpose entity created for the
execution of these securitizations. Under this MLPA, the Company makes general
representations and warranties for the Mortgage Loans sold by the Company
to
OMAC.
OMAC
then
deposits the Mortgage Loans purchased from the Company into a Real Estate
Mortgage Investment Conduit (“REMIC”) trust where, pursuant to a Pooling and
Servicing Agreement (“P&S Agreement”), the rights to the cash flows
associated with such Mortgage Loans are sold to investors in the form of
marketable debt securities. These securities, issued by the REMIC trust,
are
divided into different classes of certificates (the “Certificates”) with varying
claims to payments received on the Mortgage Loans.
Certain
of these Certificates are offered to the public (the “Public Certificates”)
pursuant to a prospectus. These Public Certificates are sold to underwriters
on
the closing date pursuant to an underwriting agreement. The proceeds from
the
sale of the Public Certificates to the underwriters (less an underwriting
discount) are ultimately transferred to the Company as partial consideration
for
the Mortgage Loans sold to OMAC pursuant to the MLPA.
Finally,
subsequent to a securitization transaction as described above, the Company
typically executes an additional net interest margin (“NIM”) securitization, or
“resecuritization” of the non-publicly offered Certificates, representing
prepayment penalties and over-collateralization fundings (the “Underlying
Certificates”). This NIM securitization is typically transacted as
follows:
OMAC
first deposits the Underlying Certificates into a trust (the “NIM Trust”)
pursuant to a deposit trust agreement. The NIM Trust, pursuant to an indenture,
then issues (i) notes (the “NIM Notes”) representing interests in the Underlying
Certificates and (ii) an owner trust certificate (the “Owner Trust Certificate”)
representing the residual interest in the NIM Trust. The NIM Notes are sold
to
third parties via private placement transactions. The net proceeds from the
sale
of the NIM Notes and the Owner Trust Certificate are then transferred from
OMAC
to the Company. The Owner Trust Certificates from the Company's various
securitizations represent the retained interest, trading on the consolidated
balance sheet and are carried at fair value with changes in fair value reflected
in earnings.
Mortgage
Servicing Rights
The
Company recognizes mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) as an asset when separated
from the underlying mortgage loans in connection with the sale of such loans.
Upon sale of a loan, the Company measures the retained MSRs by allocating
the
total cost of originating a mortgage loan between the loan and the servicing
right based on their relative fair values. The estimated fair value of MSRs
is
determined by obtaining a market valuation from a specialist who brokers
MSRs.
The broker, Interactive Mortgage Advisors, LLC (IMA), is 50% owned by OFS.
To
determine the market valuation, the broker uses a valuation model that
incorporates assumptions relating to the estimate of the cost of servicing
the
loan, a discount rate, a float value, an inflation rate, ancillary income
of the
loan, prepayment speeds and default rates that market participants use for
acquiring similar servicing rights. Gains or losses on the sale of MSRs are
recognized when title and all risks and rewards have irrevocably passed to
the
purchaser of such MSRs and there are no significant unresolved
contingencies.
In
March
2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156,
Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets.
SFAS
156 amends SFAS 140 with respect to the accounting for separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities. SFAS 156 requires all separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities to be initially measured at fair value and
permits companies to elect, on a class-by-class basis, to account for servicing
assets and liabilities on either a lower of cost or market value basis or
a fair
value measurement basis. The Company elected to early adopt SFAS 156 as of
January 1, 2006, and to measure all mortgage servicing assets at fair value
(and
as one class). Servicing assets and liabilities at December 31, 2005 were
accounted for at the lower of amortized cost or market value. As a result
of
adopting SFAS 156, the Company recognized a $2.6 million after-tax ($4.3
million
pre-tax) increase in retained earnings as of January 1, 2006, representing
the
cumulative effect adjustment of re-measuring all servicing assets and
liabilities that existed at December 31, 2005, from a lower of amortized
cost or
market basis to a fair value basis.
Property
and Equipment, net
Property
and equipment, net, consisting primarily of computer equipment with a
depreciable life of 3 to 5 years, office furniture with a depreciable life
of 5
to 12 years, leasehold improvements with a depreciable life of 5 to 15 years,
land which has no depreciable life and building with a depreciable life of
30
years, is recorded at acquisition cost and depreciated using the straight-line
method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Asset lives range from
three years to thirty years depending on the type of asset. Property and
equipment as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, is net of accumulated
depreciation of $4.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively. Depreciation
expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was
$3.7
million, $0.6 million and $0.03 million, respectively.
Goodwill
and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets
acquired in a business combination. The Company's goodwill all arose from
the
OFS merger. Contingent consideration paid in subsequent periods under the
terms
of the OFS merger agreement, if any, would be considered acquisition costs
and
classified as goodwill.
In
accordance with SFAS No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,
the
Company subjects its goodwill to at least an annual assessment for impairment
by
applying a fair value-based test. If the carrying value exceeds the fair
value,
goodwill is impaired. To date, there has been no impairment charge recorded
for
the Company's goodwill.
Derivative
Assets and Derivative Liabilities
The
Company's mortgage committed pipeline includes interest rate lock commitments
(“IRLCs”) that have been extended to borrowers who have applied for loan funding
and meet certain defined credit and underwriting criteria. Effective with
the
adoption of SFAS No. 133,
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,
as
amended, the Company classifies and accounts for the IRLCs as derivatives.
Accordingly, IRLCs are recorded at their fair value with changes in fair
value recorded to current earnings. Changes in fair value of IRLCs are
determined based on changes in value of similar loans observed over the period
in question. The Company uses other derivative instruments to economically
hedge
the IRLCs, which are also classified and accounted for as
derivatives.
The
Company's risk management objective for its mortgage loans held for sale
includes use of mortgage forward delivery contracts designed as fair value
derivative instruments to protect earnings from an unexpected change due
to a
decline in value. Effective with the adoption of SFAS No. 133, the Company's
mortgage forward delivery contracts are recorded at their fair value with
changes in fair value recorded to current earnings. The value of mortgage
forward delivery contracts are obtained from readily available market sources.
The Company also evaluates its contractual arrangements, assets and liabilities
for the existence of embedded derivatives.
Derivative
assets or liabilities arising from the Company's derivative activities are
reported as separate line items in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements in “Derivative Asset” or Derivative Liability.” IRLCs are included in
Mortgage loans held for sale. Fluctuations in the fair market value of IRLCs
and
other derivatives employed are reflected in the consolidated statement of
operations under the caption “Gains on mortgage banking activities.”
Repurchase
Agreements
The
Company finances the acquisition of its MBS through the use of repurchase
agreements. Under these repurchase agreements, the Company sells securities
to a
repurchase counterparty and agrees to repurchase the same securities in the
future for a price that is higher than the original sales price. The difference
between the sales price that the Company receives and the repurchase price
that
the Company pays represents interest paid to the repurchase counterparty.
Although structured as a sale and repurchase obligation, a repurchase agreement
operates as a financing under which the Company pledges its securities as
collateral to secure a loan which is equal in value to a specified percentage
of
the estimated fair value of the pledged collateral. The Company retains
beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral. At the maturity of a repurchase
agreement, the Company is required to repurchase the underlying MBS and
concurrently receives back its pledged collateral from the repurchase
counterparty or, with the consent of the repurchase counterparty, the Company
may renew such agreement at the then prevailing rate. These repurchase
agreements may require the Company to pledge additional assets to the repurchase
counterparty in the event the estimated fair value of the existing pledged
collateral declines. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company did not
have
any margin calls on its repurchase agreements that it was not able to satisfy
with either cash or additional pledged collateral.
Original
terms to maturity of the Company's repurchase agreements generally, but not
always, range from one month to twelve months; however, the Company is not
precluded from entering into repurchase agreements with shorter or longer
maturities. Repurchase agreement transactions are reflected in the financial
statements at their cost, which approximates their fair value because of
the
short-term nature of these instruments. Should a counterparty decide not
to
renew a repurchase agreement at maturity, the Company must either refinance
elsewhere or be in a position to satisfy this obligation. If, during the
term of
a repurchase agreement, a counterparty files for bankruptcy, the Company
could
experience difficulty recovering its pledged assets and may have an unsecured
claim against the counterparty's assets for the difference between the amount
received by the Company and the estimated fair value of the collateral pledged
to such counterparty.
Interest
Income Recognition on MBS
MBS
are
recorded at cost on the date the MBS are purchased or sold, which is generally
the trade date. Realized gains or losses from MBS transactions are determined
based on the specific identified cost of the MBS. Interest income is accrued
based on the outstanding principal amount of the MBS and their stated
contractual terms. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of
the
MBS are amortized or accreted into interest income over the estimated lives
of
the MBS adjusted for estimated prepayments using the effective interest method.
Adjustments are made using the retrospective method to the effective interest
computation each reporting period. The adjustment is based on the actual
prepayment experiences to date and the present expectation of future prepayments
of the underlying mortgages and/or the current value of the indices underlying
adjustable rate mortgage securities versus index values in effect at the
time of
purchase or the last adjustment period.
Gain
on Sale of Loans
Gains
or
losses on the sale of mortgage loans are recognized at the time legal title
transfers to the purchaser of such loans based upon the difference between
the
sales proceeds from the purchaser and the allocated basis of the loan sold,
adjusted for net deferred loan fees and certain direct costs and selling
costs.
The Company defers net loan origination costs and fees as a component of
the
loan balance on the balance sheet. Such costs are not amortized and are
recognized into income as a component of the gain or loss upon sale.
Accordingly, salaries, commissions, benefits and other operating expenses
of
$59.9 million, respectively, were capitalized as direct loan origination
costs
during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and reflected in the basis
of
loans sold for gain on sale calculation purposes. Loan fees related to the
origination and funding of mortgage loans held for sale which were also
capitalized, were $7.5 million during the year ended at December 31, 2006.
The
net gain on sale of loans for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $15.5
million. The net gain on sale of loans is included with changes in fair market
value of IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale and reported as “Gains on
mortgage banking activities” on the consolidated statement of
operations.
Servicing
Fee Income
Servicing
fee income is generally a fee based on a percentage of the outstanding principal
balances of the mortgage loans serviced by the Company (or by a subservicer
where the Company is the master servicer) and is recorded as income as the
installment payments on the mortgages are received by the Company or the
subservicer.
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
In
accordance with SFAS No. 130,
Reporting Comprehensive Income,
the
Company is required to separately report its comprehensive income (loss)
each
reporting period. Other comprehensive income refers to revenue, expenses,
gains
and losses that, under GAAP, are included in comprehensive income but are
excluded from net income, as these amounts are recorded directly as an
adjustment to stockholders' equity. Other comprehensive income (loss) arises
from unrealized gains or losses generated from changes in market values of
securities classified as available-for-sale.
Comprehensive
(loss) income is as follows:
(in
thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(49,546)
|
$
|
24,283
|
$
|
22,857
|
Reclassify
other-than-temporary loss on MBS
|
9,971
|
-
|
-
|
|||
Plus
unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net
|
(10,250)
|
(73,345)
|
(1,041)
|
|||
|
||||||
Comprehensive
loss
|
$
|
(49,825)
|
$
|
(49,062)
|
$
|
(21,816)
|
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R),
Share-Based Payment,
on
January 1, 2006, and this adoption did not have an impact on the Company,
as the
Company had previously accounted for stock-based compensation using the fair
value based method prescribed by SFAS No. 123,
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.
For
stock and stock-based awards issued to employees, a compensation charge is
recorded against earnings based on the fair value of the award. For transactions
with non-employees in which services are performed in exchange for the Company's
common stock or other equity instruments, the transactions are recorded on
the
basis of the fair value of the service received or the fair value of the
equity
instruments issued, whichever is more readily measurable at the date of
issuance. Opteum's
stock-based compensation transactions resulted in an aggregate of $3.2 million
of compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006, $2.5 million
of
compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $0.9 million
of compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Earnings
Per Share
The
Company follows the provisions of SFAS No. 128,
Earnings per Share,
and the
guidance provided in the FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No.
03-6,
Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method under FASB Statement
No. 128, Earnings Per Share,
which
requires companies with complex capital structures, common stock equivalents
or
two (or more) classes of securities that participate in the declared dividends
to present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the
consolidated statement of operations. Basic EPS is calculated as income
available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using
the
“if converted” method for common stock equivalents. However, the common stock
equivalents are not included in computing diluted EPS if the result is
anti-dilutive.
Outstanding
shares of Class B Common Stock, participating and convertible into Class
A
Common Stock, are entitled to receive dividends in an amount equal to the
dividends declared on each share of Class A Common Stock if, as and when
authorized and declared by the Board of Directors. Following the provisions
of
EITF 03-6, shares of the Class B Common Stock are included in the computation
of
basic EPS using the two-class method and, consequently, are presented separately
from Class A Common Stock.
The
shares of Class C Common Stock are not included in the basic EPS
computation as these shares do not have participation rights. The outstanding
shares of Class C Common Stock, totaling
319,388 shares,
are not
included in the computation of diluted EPS for the Class A Common Stock as
the
conditions for conversion into shares of Class A Common Stock were not
met.
Income
Taxes
Opteum
has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. As further described below,
Opteum's TRS, OFS, is a taxpaying entity for income tax purposes and is taxed
separately from Opteum. Opteum will generally not be subject to federal income
tax on its REIT taxable income to the extent that Opteum distributes its
REIT
taxable income to its stockholders and satisfies the ongoing REIT requirements,
including meeting certain asset, income and stock ownership tests. A REIT
must
generally distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its
stockholders, of which 85% generally must be distributed within the taxable
year, in order to avoid the imposition of an excise tax. The remaining balance
may be distributed up to the end of the following taxable year, provided
the
REIT elects to treat such amount as a prior year distribution and meets certain
other requirements.
OFS
and
its activities are subject to corporate income taxes and the applicable
provisions of SFAS No. 109,
Accounting for Income Taxes.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective
tax
basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax
rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in
the
period that includes the enactment date. To the extent management believes
deferred tax assets will not be fully realized in future periods, a provision
will be recorded so as to reflect the net portion, if any, if the deferred
tax
asset management expects to realize in the consolidated balance sheet of
the
Company.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, Considering
the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in
Current Year Financial Statements,
(“SAB
108”) was issued. SAB 108 addresses quantifying the financial statement
effects of misstatements, specifically, how the effects of prior year
uncorrected errors must be considered in quantifying misstatements in the
current year financial statements. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal years
ending after November 15, 2006, and does not change the SEC staff's previous
positions in SAB 99 regarding qualitative considerations in assessing the
materiality of misstatements. SAB 108 is not expected to have any material
impact on the Company.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements,
to
eliminate the diversity in practice that exists due to the different definitions
of fair value that are dispersed among the many accounting pronouncements
that
require fair value measurements, and the limited guidance for applying those
definitions. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those
fiscal
years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of adopting
SFAS
157 on the financial statements.
In
June
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB
Statement No. 109
(“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax
positions. This Interpretation requires that the Company recognize in its
financial statements, the impact of a tax position, if that position is more
likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits
of
the position. The provisions of FIN 48 are effective as of the beginning
of the 2007 fiscal year, with the cumulative effect, if any, of the change
in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings.
Accordingly, the Company will adopt FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. While the
Company
is still finalizing its assessment of the impact that FIN 48 will have, it
is
presently believed that the adoption of FIN 48 will not have a significant
impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In
March
2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, Accounting
for Servicing of Financial Assets.
SFAS 156
amends SFAS 140 with respect to the accounting for separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities. SFAS 156 requires all separately-recognized
servicing assets and liabilities to be initially measured at fair value,
and
permits companies to elect, on a class-by-class basis, to account for servicing
assets and liabilities on either a lower of cost or market value basis or
a fair
value measurement basis. See “Mortgage Servicing Rights” above for a description
of the adoption of SFAS 156.
In
February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, Accounting
for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments — an amendment of FASB Statements
No. 133 and 140.
SFAS
155 (i) permits an entity to measure at fair value any financial instrument
that
contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation;
(ii)
establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial
assets
to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid
financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation;
and (iii) contains other provisions that are not germane to the Company.
SFAS
155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the
beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after September 15, 2006.
In late September 2006, the FASB proposed a scope exception under SFAS 155
for
securitized interests that only contain an embedded derivative that is tied
to
the prepayment risk of the underlying prepayable financial asset, and for
which
the investor does not control the right to accelerate the settlement. The
FASB
opted to hold the proposed guidance open for a comment period and to
re-deliberate the issue upon the expiration of the comment period. The FASB
should issue their final guidance in early 2007. The MBS securities owned
in the
REIT portfolio currently would fall under this scope exception. However,
in the
future, the Company may own securities that may not fall under the exception
or
the FASB may repeal the exception, in which case the Company would be subject
to
the provisions of SFAS 155. Should securities owned by the Company fall under
the provisions of SFAS 155 in the future, the Company’s results of operations
may exhibit volatility as certain of its future investments may be marked
to
market through the income statement. Currently, changes in the value of the
Company’s MBS securities are recognized through other comprehensive income
(loss), a component of stockholders equity.
In
January 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based
Payment,
and
this adoption did not have an impact on the Company, as the Company had
previously accounted for stock-based compensation using the fair value based
method prescribed by SFAS 123, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation.
See
“Stock-Based Compensation” above for a complete description of the Company’s
accounting policy after the adoption of SFAS 123(R).
In
November 2005, FASB issued FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1,
The
Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain
Investments
(“FSP
115-1 and 124-1”), which clarifies when an investment is considered impaired,
whether the impairment is other-than-temporary, and the measurement of an
impairment loss. It also includes accounting considerations subsequent to
the
recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment and requires certain
disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as
other-than-temporary impairments. FSP 115-1 and 124-1 are effective for all
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. Implementation of
these statements in 2006 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In
May
2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting
Changes and Error Corrections
(“SFAS
No. 154”), which replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting
Changes,
and SFAS
No. 3, Reporting
Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements-An Amendment of APB Opinion
No. 28.
SFAS
No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting
changes and error corrections, and it establishes retrospective application
as
the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle and the
reporting of a correction of an error. SFAS No. 154 was adopted by the
Company at the beginning of fiscal 2006.
NOTE
2. OPTEUM FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
On
November 3, 2005, Opteum acquired
100% of the equity interests of OFS through a merger with a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Opteum. OFS is a mortgage lender that originates loans nationwide.
The results of operations of OFS have been included in the Company's
consolidated financial statements since November 3, 2005.
The
Company has increased the aggregate purchase price by $0.8 for additional
legal
and accounting fees incurred directly related to the merger and it has made
insignificant modifications to the allocation of the purchase price to the
net
assets acquired, based on final valuations and completion of analysis.
At
the
date of the merger, the Company recorded intangible assets with finite lives
in
the amount of $2.1 million for proprietary software and $0.6 million for
an
unlocked loans pipeline. The software intangible has a 36 month life
without any significant residual value, and the unlocked loans intangible
was
reduced as the applicable loans were closed. At December 31, 2005, the
accumulated amortization on these intangibles was $0.1 million for each.
During 2006, the unlocked loans pipeline was reduced to zero. At December
31, 2006, the software intangible has a remaining unamortized value of $1.3
million, with $0.7 million of amortization being expensed in 2006. Also at
the date of the merger, the Company recorded $1.4 million for an intangible
related to the Opteum trade name, and $2.1 million of goodwill; these assets
are
not subject to amortization and through December 31, 2006, no impairment
has
been recorded.
On
December 21, 2006, Opteum sold to Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.
(“Citigroup Realty”) a Class B non-voting limited liability company membership
interest in OFS, representing 7.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited liability
company membership interests. Immediately following the transaction, Opteum
held
Class A voting limited liability company membership interests in OFS
representing 92.5% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited liability company
membership interests. In connection with the transaction, Opteum also granted
Citigroup Realty the option, exercisable on or before December 20, 2007,
to
acquire additional Class B non-voting limited liability company membership
interests in OFS representing 7.49% of all of OFS’s outstanding limited
liability company membership interests.
NOTE
3. MORTGAGE LOANS HELD FOR SALE, NET
Upon
the
closing of a residential mortgage loan or shortly thereafter, OFS will sell
or
securitize the majority of its mortgage loan originations. OFS also sells
mortgage loans insured or guaranteed by various government-sponsored entities
and private insurance agencies. The insurance or guaranty is provided primarily
on a nonrecourse basis to OFS, except where limited by the Federal Housing
Administration and Veterans Administration and their respective loan programs.
At December 31, 2006, OFS serviced approximately $9.4 billion of mortgage
loans
sold into the secondary market. All of OFS’s loans held for sale are pledged as
collateral under the various financing arrangements described in Note 8.
Mortgage loans held for sale consist of the following as of December 31,
2006
and 2005:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Mortgage
loans held for sale, and other, net
|
$
|
741,545
|
$
|
884,751
|
Deferred
loan origination costs and other-net
|
9,188
|
9,604
|
||
Valuation
allowance
|
(899)
|
(118)
|
||
$
|
749,834
|
$
|
894,237
|
Included
in mortgage loans held for sale above are IRLCs arising from OFS’s economic
hedging activities of IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale. Such assets
or
liabilities are reported net in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements. Fluctuations in the fair market value of IRLCs and other
derivatives employed are reflected in the consolidated statement of operations
under the caption “Gains on mortgage banking activities.”
NOTE
4. RETAINED INTEREST, TRADING
Retained
interest, trading is the subordinated interests retained by OFS resulting
from
securitizations and includes the over-collateralization and residual net
interest spread remaining after payments to the Public Certificates and NIM
Notes. Retained interest, trading represents the present value of estimated
cash
flows to be received from these subordinated interests in the future. The
subordinated interests retained are classified as “trading securities” and are
reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported in
earnings.
All
of
OFS’s securitizations were structured and are accounted for as sales in
accordance with SFAS No. 140,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments
of Liabilities.
Generally, to meet the sale treatment requirements of SFAS No. 140, the REMIC
trust is structured as a “qualifying special purpose entity” or QSPE, which
specifically limits the REMIC trust's activities, and OFS surrenders control
over the mortgage loans upon their transfer to the REMIC trust.
Valuation
of Investments. OFS
classifies its retained interests as trading securities and therefore records
these securities at their estimated fair value. In order to value the unrated,
unquoted, investments, OFS will record these assets at their estimated fair
value utilizing pricing information available directly from dealers and the
present value calculated by projecting the future cash flows of an investment
on
a publicly available analytical system. When a publicly available analytical
system is utilized, OFS will input the following variable factors which will
have an impact on determining the market value:
Interest
Rate Forecast.
The
forward London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) interest rate curve.
Discount
Rate.
The
present value of all future cash flows utilizing a discount rate assumption
established at the discretion of OFS to represent market conditions and value
of
similar instruments with similar risks. Discount rates used will vary over
time.
Management observes discount rates used for assets with similar risk profiles.
In selecting which assets to monitor for variations in discount rates,
management seeks to identify assets that share most, if not all of the risk
attributes of the Company’s retained interests, trading. Such assets are
typically traded between market participants whereby the discount rate is
the
primary variable.
Prepayment
Forecast.
The
prepayment forecast may be expressed by OFS in accordance with one of the
following standard market conventions: 1) Constant Prepayment Rate (CPR)
or 2)
Percentage of a Prepayment Vector (PPV). Prepayment forecasts may be changed
as
OFS observes trends in the underlying collateral as delineated in the Statement
to Certificate Holders generated by the REMIC trust’s Trustee for each
underlying security. Prepayment
forecast will also vary over time as the level of interest rates change,
the
difference between rates available to borrowers on adjustable rate versus
fixed
rate mortgages change and non-interest rate related variables fluctuate such
as
home price appreciation, among others.
Credit
Performance Forecast.
A
forecast of future credit performance of the underlying collateral pool will
include an assumption of default frequency, loss severity, and a recovery
lag.
In general, OFS will utilize the combination of default frequency and loss
severity in conjunction with a collateral prepayment assumption to arrive
at a
target cumulative loss to the collateral pool over the life of the pool based
on
historical performance of similar collateral by the originator. The target
cumulative loss forecast will be developed and noted at the pricing date
of the
individual security but may be updated by OFS consistent with observations
of
the actual collateral pool performance. The Company utilizes a third party
source to forecast credit performance.
Default
Frequency may be expressed by OFS in accordance with any of three standard
market conventions: 1) Constant Default Rate (CDR) 2) Percentage of a Standard
Default Assumption (SDA) curve, or 3) a vector or curve established to meet
forecasted performance for specific collateral pools.
Loss
Severity will be expressed by OFS in accordance with historical performance
of
similar collateral and the standard market conventions of a percentage of
the
unpaid principal balance of the forecasted defaults lost during the foreclosure
and liquidation process.
During
the first year of a new issue OFS may balance positive or adverse effects
of the
prepayment forecast and the credit performance forecast allowing for deviation
between actual and forecasted performance of the collateral pool. After the
first year OFS will generally adjust the Prepayment and Credit Performance
Forecasts to replicate actual performance trends without balancing adverse
and
positive effects.
The
following table summarizes OFS’s residual interests in securitizations as of
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
(in
thousands)
Series
|
Issue
Date
|
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
HMAC
2004-1
|
March
4, 2004
|
$
|
2,948
|
$
|
5,096
|
|
HMAC
2004-2
|
May
10, 2004
|
1,939
|
3,240
|
|||
HMAC
2004-3
|
June
30, 2004
|
362
|
1,056
|
|||
HMAC
2004-4
|
August
16, 2004
|
1,544
|
3,749
|
|||
HMAC
2004-5
|
September
28, 2004
|
4,545
|
6,178
|
|||
HMAC
2004-6
|
November
17, 2004
|
9,723
|
14,321
|
|||
OMAC
2005-1
|
January
31, 2005
|
13,331
|
14,721
|
|||
OMAC
2005-2
|
April
5, 2005
|
14,259
|
11,302
|
|||
OMAC
2005-3
|
June
17, 2005
|
16,091
|
14,656
|
|||
OMAC
2005-4
|
August
25, 2005
|
12,491
|
12,552
|
|||
OMAC
2005-5
|
November
23, 2005
|
8,916
|
11,140
|
|||
OMAC
2006-1
|
March
23, 2006
|
13,219
|
-
|
|||
OMAC
2006-2
|
June
26, 2006
|
4,831
|
-
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
104,199
|
$
|
98,011
|
Key
economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of retained interests
at
the date of securitization resulting from securitizations completed during
2006
and 2005 were as follows:
2006
|
2005
|
|
Prepayment
speeds (CPR)
|
36.25%
|
28.65%
|
Weighted-average-life
|
4.18
|
2.83
|
Expected
credit losses
|
0.74%
|
1.07%
|
Discount
rates
|
16.81%
|
14.90%
|
Interest
rates
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield curve
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield curve
|
At
December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, key economic assumptions and the
sensitivity of the current fair value of residual cash flows to the immediate
10% and 20% adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
(in
thousands)
December
31,
|
||||
2006
|
2005
|
|||
Balance
sheet carrying value of retained interests - fair value
|
$
|
104,199
|
$
|
98,011
|
Weighted
average life (in years)
|
4.26
|
2.62
|
||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate)
|
37.88%
|
32.53%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,235)
|
$
|
(7,817)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(14,939)
|
$
|
(16,089)
|
Expected
Credit losses (annual rate)
|
0.56%
|
0.61%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,052)
|
$
|
(3,247)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,098)
|
$
|
(6,419)
|
Residual
Cash-Flow discount rate
|
16.03%
|
13.96%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(4,575)
|
$
|
(3,804)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(8,771)
|
$
|
(7,392)
|
Interest
rates on variable and adjustable loans and bonds
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
Forward
LIBOR Yield Curve
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(18,554)
|
$
|
(21,265)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(39,292)
|
$
|
(34,365)
|
These
sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the figures
indicate, changes in fair value based upon a 10% variation in assumptions
generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in
assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table,
the effect of the variation in a particular assumption on the fair value
of the
retained interest is calculated without changing any other assumption, in
reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another which may
magnify or counteract the sensitivities. To estimate the impact of a 10%
and 20%
adverse change of the Forward LIBOR curve, a parallel shift in the forward
LIBOR
curve was assumed based on the Forward LIBOR curve at December 31, 2006 and
December 31, 2005.
Static
pool loss percentages are calculated by dividing projected future credit
losses
(at the time of securitization) and actual losses incurred as of the date
indicated by the original balance of each pool of assets. The following static
pool loss percentages are calculated based upon all OFS securitizations that
have been completed to date:
(in
thousands)
Series
|
Issue
Date
|
Original
Unpaid Principal Balance
|
Projected
Aggregate Static Pool Loss Percentage
|
Static
Pool Loss Percentage
Through
December 31, 2006
|
Static
Pool Loss Percentage
Through
December 31, 2005
|
HMAC
2004-1
|
March
4, 2004
|
$
309,710
|
0.14%
|
0.14%
|
0.01%
|
HMAC
2004-2
|
May
10, 2004
|
388,737
|
0.15
|
0.33
|
0.12
|
HMAC
2004-3
|
June
30, 2004
|
417,055
|
0.17
|
0.20
|
0.06
|
HMAC
2004-4
|
August
16, 2004
|
410,123
|
0.23
|
0.08
|
0.01
|
HMAC
2004-5
|
September
28, 2004
|
413,875
|
0.34
|
0.03
|
0.00
|
HMAC
2004-6
|
November
17, 2004
|
761,027
|
0.44
|
0.15
|
0.01
|
OMAC
2005-1
|
January
31, 2005
|
802,625
|
0.43
|
0.07
|
0.01
|
OMAC
2005-2
|
April
5, 2005
|
883,987
|
0.47
|
0.04
|
0.00
|
OMAC
2005-3
|
June
17, 2005
|
937,117
|
0.39
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
OMAC
2005-4
|
August
25, 2005
|
1,321,739
|
0.64
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
OMAC
2005-5
|
November
23, 2005
|
986,277
|
0.72
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
OMAC
2006-1
|
March
23, 2006
|
934,441
|
0.71
|
0.00
|
-
|
OMAC
2006-2
|
June
26, 2006
|
491,572
|
0.90
|
0.00
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
9,058,285
|
|
|
|
The
table
below summarizes certain cash flows received from and paid to securitization
trusts:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
For
the Period November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31,
2005
|
|||
Proceeds
from securitizations
|
$
|
1,436,838
|
$
|
989,843
|
Servicing
fees received
|
17,878
|
2,838
|
||
Servicing
advances
|
662
|
291
|
||
Cash
flows received on retained interests
|
4,356
|
261
|
The
following information presents quantitative information about delinquencies
and
credit losses on securitized financial assets as of December 31, 2006 and
2005:
(in
thousands)
As
of Date
|
Total
Principal Amount of Loans
|
Principal
Amount of Loans 60 Days or more
|
Net
Credit Losses
|
|||
December
31, 2006
|
$
|
5,849,013
|
$
|
138,205
|
$
|
5,210
|
December
31, 2005
|
$
|
6,363,279
|
$
|
57,871
|
$
|
913
|
NOTE
5. MORTGAGE
SERVICING RIGHTS, NET
As
permitted by the effective date provisions of SFAS No. 156, the Company has
early adopted SFAS No. 156 as of
January
1, 2006 with respect to the valuation of its MSRs. (See Note 1 - Mortgage
Servicing Rights.) Activities for MSRs
are
summarized as follows for the year ended December 31, 2006 and for the period
November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005:
(in
thousands)
For
the year ended December 31, 2006
|
For
the Period November 3, 2005 (date of merger) through December 31,
2005
|
|||
Balance
at beginning of period (at cost)
|
$
|
86,082
|
$
|
87,080
|
Adjustment
to fair value upon adoption of SFAS 156 at January 1, 2006
|
4,298
|
-
|
||
Additions
|
43,175
|
-
|
||
Changes
in fair value:
|
||||
Changes
in fair value
|
(33,551)
|
1,432
|
||
Changes
in fair value due to
change
in valuation assumptions
|
$
|
(1,145)
|
$
|
(2,430)
|
|
||||
Balance
at end of period
|
$
|
98,859
|
$
|
86,082
|
The
Company elected to account for all originated MSRs as one class and, therefore,
all MSRs are carried at fair value. As a result of the early adoption of
SFAS
156, the carrying value of the MSRs has been increased by approximately $4.3
million (pre-tax) as of January 1, 2006. As required by the provisions of
SFAS
156, the net of tax effect was recorded as a cumulative effect adjustment
to
retained earnings of OFS as of January 1, 2006. In addition, changes in value
due to run-offs of the portfolio are recorded as valuation adjustments instead
of amortization.
The
fair
value of MSRs is determined using discounted cash flow techniques. During
2006,
OFS increased the MSR value on a net basis by $12.8 million primarily as a
result of additions to the servicing portfolio and changes in market conditions.
Estimates of fair value involve several assumptions, including the key valuation
assumptions about market expectations of future prepayment rates, interest
rates
and discount rates. Prepayment rates are projected using a prepayment model.
The
model considers key factors, such as refinance incentive, housing turnover,
seasonality and aging of the pool of loans. Prepayment speeds incorporate
expectations of future rates implied by the forward LIBOR/swap curve, as
well as
collateral specific information
At
December 31, 2006 and 2005, key economic assumptions and the sensitivity
of the
current fair value of MSR rights cash flows to the immediate 10 percent and
20
percent adverse change in those assumptions are as follows: (Note
-
base case prepayment and discount rate assumptions are a weighted average
of the
values applied to the various mortgage loans).
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Prepayment
assumption (annual rate) (PSA)
|
424.6
|
254.0
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,923)
|
$
|
(3,615)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(7,557)
|
$
|
(6,936)
|
MSR
Cash-Flow Discount Rate
|
14.50%
|
10.74%
|
||
Impact
on fair value of 10% adverse change
|
$
|
(3,505)
|
$
|
(4,856)
|
Impact
on fair value of 20% adverse change
|
$
|
(6,727)
|
$
|
(9,280)
|
These
sensitivities are entirely hypothetical and should be used with caution.
As the
figures indicate, changes in fair value based upon 10% and 20% variations
in
assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated to greater or lesser percentage
variation because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change
in
fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of the variation
in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSR is calculated without
changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result
in
changes in another which may magnify or counteract the
sensitivities.
NOTE
6. MORTGAGE-BACKED
SECURITIES
At
December 31, 2006 and 2005, all of Opteum's MBS were classified as
available-for-sale and, as such, are reported at their estimated fair value.
Estimated fair value was determined based on the average of third-party broker
quotes received and/or independent pricing sources when available.
The
following are the carrying values of Opteum's MBS portfolio at December 31,
2006 and 2005:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Hybrid
Arms and Balloons
|
$
|
76,488
|
$
|
753,896
|
Adjustable
Rate Mortgages
|
2,105,818
|
2,006,767
|
||
Fixed
Rate Mortgages
|
626,428
|
733,366
|
||
Totals
|
$
|
2,808,734
|
$
|
3,494,029
|
The
following table presents the components of the carrying value of Opteum's
MBS
portfolio at December 31, 2006 and 2005:
(in
thousands)
December
31, 2006
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||
Principal
balance
|
$
|
2,779,867
|
$
|
3,457,887
|
Unamortized
premium
|
116,114
|
115,133
|
||
Unaccreted
discount
|
(502)
|
(2,497)
|
||
Gross
unrealized gains
|
422
|
266
|
||
Other-than-temporary
losses
|
(9,971)
|
-
|
||
Gross
unrealized losses
|
(77,196)
|
(76,760)
|
||
Carrying
value/estimated fair value
|
$
|
2,808,734
|
$
|
3,494,029
|
The
following table presents for Opteum's MBS investments with gross unrealized
losses, the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by
investment category, at December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Loss
Position More than 12 Months
|
Loss
Position Less than 12 Months
|
Total
|
||||||||||
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
|||||||
Hybrid
Arms and Balloons
|
$
|
67,437
|
$
|
(1,858)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
67,437
|
$
|
(1,858)
|
Adjustable
Rate Mortgages
|
1,232,644
|
(46,715)
|
348,901
|
(2,591)
|
1,581,545
|
(49,306)
|
||||||
Fixed
Rate Mortgages
|
515,067
|
(25,662)
|
48,604
|
(370)
|
563,671
|
(26,032)
|
||||||
$
|
1,815,148
|
$
|
(74,235)
|
$
|
397,505
|
$
|
(2,961)
|
$
|
2,212,653
|
$
|
(77,196)
|
The
following table presents for Opteum's MBS investments with gross unrealized
losses, the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by
investment category, at December 31, 2005:
(in
thousands)
Loss
Position Less than 12 Months
|
Loss
Position More than 12 Months
|
Total
|
||||||||||
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Unrealized
Losses
|
|||||||
Hybrid
Arms and Balloons
|
$
|
563,661
|
$
|
(8,409)
|
$
|
$141,676
|
$
|
(4,511)
|
$
|
705,337
|
$
|
(12,920)
|
Adjustable
Rate Mortgages
|
1,648,085
|
(27,918)
|
270,945
|
(8,945)
|
1,919,031
|
(36,862)
|
||||||
Fixed
Rate Mortgages
|
425,261
|
(10,762)
|
346,435
|
(16,215)
|
771,696
|
(26,977)
|
||||||
$
|
2,637,007
|
$
|
(47,089)
|
$
|
759,056
|
$
|
(29,671)
|
$
|
3,396,063
|
$
|
(76,760)
|
At
December 31, 2006, all of Opteum's MBS investments have contractual maturities
greater than 24 months. Actual maturities of MBS investments are generally
shorter than stated contractual maturities. Actual maturities of Opteum's
MBS
investments are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages,
periodic payments of principal, and prepayments of principal.
Approximately
$0.3 million of the $10.3 million decline in fair value of MBS investments
is
not considered to be other-than-temporary. Accordingly, the approximately
$10.0
million of other-than-temporary loss is recorded as a charge to earnings
on the
consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Generally, the factors considered in making this determination include: the
expected cash flow from the MBS investment, the general quality of the MBS
owned, any credit protection available, current market conditions, and the
magnitude and duration of the historical decline in market prices as well
as
Opteum's ability and intention to hold the MBS owned. The approximately $10.0
million of other-than-temporary loss for the period ended December 31, 2006
was
based on management’s decision to sell certain MBS securities in the first
quarter of 2007 and therefore not hold such securities until their decline
in
fair market value could be recovered. The aggregate fair market value as
of
December 31, 2006, of the MBS securities expected to be sold in the first
quarter of 2007 was approximately $446 million. The Company has the present
intent and ability to hold the remaining available for sale assets until
their
decline in fair market value could be recovered.
NOTE
7. EARNINGS
PER SHARE
The
Company follows the provisions of SFAS No. 128,
Earnings per Share,
and the
guidance provided in the FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No.
03-6,
Participating Securities and the two-class method under FASB Statement
No. 128, Earnings Per Share,
which
requires companies with complex capital structures, common stock equivalents, or
two classes of participating securities to present both basic and diluted
earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations. Basic EPS
is calculated as income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS
is
calculated using the “if converted” method for common stock
equivalents.
Effective
July 9, 2004, the shares of Class B Common Stock, participating and
convertible into Class A Common Stock, became entitled to receive dividends
in an amount equal to the dividends declared on each share of Class A
Common Stock if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board of Directors.
Following the provisions of EITF 03-6, the Class B Common Stock, beginning
in the three-month period ended September 30, 2004, is included in the
computation of basic EPS using the two-class method, and consequently is
presented separately from Class A Common Stock. Prior to July 9, 2004,
the Class B shares of common stock are not included in the basic EPS
computation as the conditions to participate in earnings were not met, and
they
were not included in the computation of diluted Class A EPS as the
conditions for conversion to Class A shares were not met.
The
Class C common shares are not included in the basic EPS computation as
these shares do not have participation rights. The Class C common shares
totaling 319,388 are not included in the computation of diluted Class A EPS
as the conditions for conversion to Class A shares were not
met.
Effective
November 3, 2005, the Company issued 1,223,208
shares
of
Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock, pursuant to the acquisition of OFS.
Holders of shares of the preferred stock could not receive or accrue dividend
payments prior to January 1, 2006; therefore, these preferred shares were
not included in the basic EPS computation for the year ended December 31,
2005
as these shares did not have participation rights during the period from
their
issuance through December 31, 2005. The shares of the Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock were only eligible to convert into shares of Class A Common
Stock at such time as such conversion was approved by a majority number of
stockholders; therefore, since this conversion was not approved prior to
December 31, 2005 the shares were not included in the computation of diluted
Class A Common Stock EPS as of December 31, 2005.
After
January 1, 2006, and prior to March 31, 2006, holders of Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock were entitled to receive dividends according to the formula
described in the Company's amended Articles of Incorporation. For the Company's
first quarter 2006 dividend declared on March 10, 2006, the shares of Class
A
Redeemable Preferred Stock, although considered to be participating securities,
did not receive a dividend pursuant to the formula. Following the provisions
of
EITF 03-6, the Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock, a participating security
prior to conversion on April 28, 2006, was excluded in the computation of
basic
EPS using the two-class method.
The
conversion of the Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock into shares of Class
A
Common Stock was approved by the stockholders at the Company's 2006 Annual
Meeting of Shareholders on April 28, 2006, and the shares of Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock were converted into shares of Class A Common Stock on that
date.
For purposes of the EPS computation, the conversion of the shares of Class
A
Redeemable Preferred Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock has been
accounted for as of April 28, 2006, and is included in the computation of
basic
EPS for the Class A Common Stock as of that date.
As
a
result of the conversion of the Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock into Class
A
Common Stock, the EPS presentation for these securities is no longer
presented.
The
Company has dividend eligible stock incentive plan shares that were outstanding
during the year ended December 31, 2006. These stock incentive plan shares
have
dividend participation rights, but no contractual obligation to share in
losses.
Since there is no such obligation, these incentive plan shares are not included,
pursuant to EITF 03-6, in the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, basic
EPS
computation for the Class A Common Stock, even though they are participating
securities. For the computation of diluted EPS for the Class A Common Stock
for
the period ended December 31, 2006, 503,644 phantom shares are excluded as
their
inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
The
table
below reconciles the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted
EPS.
(in
thousands)
|
||||||
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||
Basic
and diluted EPS per Class A common share:
|
||||||
Numerator:
net (loss) income allocated to the Class A common shares
|
$
|
(48,909)
|
$
|
23,911
|
$
|
22,530
|
Denominator:
basic and diluted:
|
||||||
Class
A common shares outstanding at the balance sheet date
|
24,516
|
23,567
|
20,369
|
|||
Dividend
eligible equity plan shares issued as of the balance sheet
date
|
-
|
500
|
314
|
|||
Effect
of weighting
|
(450)
|
(2,646)
|
(9,230)
|
|||
Weighted
average shares-basic and diluted
|
24,066
|
21,421
|
11,453
|
|||
Basic
and diluted EPS per Class A common share
|
$
|
(2.03)
|
$
|
1.12
|
$
|
1.97
|
Basic
and diluted EPS per Class B common share:
|
||||||
Numerator:
net (loss) income allocated to Class B common shares
|
$
|
(637)
|
$
|
372
|
$
|
327
|
Denominator:
basic and diluted:
|
||||||
Class
B common shares outstanding at the balance sheet date
|
319
|
319
|
319
|
|||
Effect
of weighting (based on date Class B shares participate in dividends)
|
-
|
-
|
(160)
|
|||
Weighted
average shares-basic and diluted
|
319
|
319
|
159
|
|||
Basic
and diluted EPS per Class B common share
|
$
|
(1.99)
|
$
|
1.16
|
$
|
2.05
|
NOTE
8. WAREHOUSE LINES OF CREDIT AND DRAFTS PAYABLE
OFS
issues drafts or wires at loan settlement in order to facilitate the closing
of
mortgage loans held for sale. Drafts payable represent mortgage loans on
which a
closing has occurred prior to year end but the related drafts have not cleared
the respective bank. Upon clearing the bank, the drafts are funded by the
appropriate warehouse line of credit. Warehouse and aggregate lines of credit
and loans sale agreements accounted for as financing consisted of the following
at December 31, 2006:
(in
thousands)
Warehouse
and aggregation lines of credit:
|
2006
|
|
A
committed warehouse line of credit for $100 million between OFS
and
Residential Funding Corporation ("RFC"). The agreement expired
on February
28, 2007 and was not renewed. RFC is now a party to the JPM syndicated
facility below. The agreement provides for interest rates based
upon one
month LIBOR plus a margin between 1.00% and 2.50% depending on
the product
that was originated or acquired.
|
$
|
6,172
|
A
syndicated committed warehouse line of credit for $850 million
between OFS
and JP Morgan Chase (“JPM”). The agreement expires on May 30, 2007 and is
expected to be renewed prior to its expiration. The agreement provides
for
interest rates based upon one month LIBOR plus a margin of 0.60%
to 1.50%
depending on the product originated or acquired.
|
409,609
|
|
An
aggregation facility for $1.5 billion for the whole loan and servicing
rights facility, collectively, (of which no more than $100 million
may be
allocated to the servicing rights facility) between HS Special
Purpose,
LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of OFS, and Citigroup Global Markets
Realty
Corp. (“Citigroup”) to aggregate loans pending securitization. The
agreement expires on December 20, 2007. The agreement provides
for
interest rates based upon one month LIBOR plus a margin of
0.30%.
|
5,358
|
|
A
$750 million purchase and security agreement between OFS and UBS
Warburg
Real Estate Securities, Inc. (“UBS Warburg”)
|
3,283
|
|
Drafts
payable
|
6,542
|
|
Loans
sales agreements accounted for as financings:
|
||
An
uncommitted $700 million purchase agreement between OFS and Colonial
Bank.
The facility is due upon demand and can be cancelled by either
party upon
notification to the counterparty. OFS incurs a charge for the facility
based on one month LIBOR plus 0.50% for the first $300.0 million
purchased
and one month LIBOR plus 0.75% for the amount used above and beyond
$300.0
million. The facility is secured by loans held for sale and cash
generated
from sales to investors
|
303,915
|
|
Total
Warehouse lines and drafts payable
|
$
|
734,879
|
In
addition to the RFC, JPM, Citigroup, UBS Warburg, and Colonial Bank facilities,
OFS has purchase and sale agreements with Fannie Mae. These additional
agreements allow OFS to accelerate the sale of its mortgage loan inventory,
resulting in a more effective use of its warehouse facilities. OFS has a
combined capacity of $100 million under these purchase and sale agreements.
There were no amounts sold and being held under these agreements at December
31,
2006. The agreements are not committed facilities and may be terminated at
the
discretion of either party.
The
facilities are secured by mortgage loans and other assets of OFS. The facilities
generally contain various covenants pertaining to tangible net worth, net
income, available cash and liquidity, leverage ratio, current ratio and
servicing delinquency. As of December 31, 2006, OFS was not in compliance
with
respect to four covenants pertaining to net income and tangible net worth
with
two lenders. OFS has obtained waivers for the covenant violations. At January
31, 2007, OFS was not in compliance with one covenant with one lender pertaining
to tangible net worth. OFS has obtained a waiver for the covenant
violation.
NOTE
9. OTHER SECURED BORROWINGS
Other
secured borrowings consisted of the following at December 31:
(in
thousands)
2006
|
||
A
committed warehouse line of credit for $150.0 million between OFS
and JP
Morgan Chase, that allows for a sublimit for originated Mortgage
Servicing
Rights. The agreement expires May 30, 2007 and is expected to be
renewed
prior to its expiration. The agreement provides for interest rate
based on
LIBOR plus 1.50% to 1.85% depending on collateral type.
|
$
|
71,657
|
Citigroup
Global Realty Inc., working capital line of credit for $80.0 million
secured by the retained interests in securitizations through OMAC
2006-2.
The facility expires on December 20, 2007. The agreement provides
for
interest rate based on LIBOR plus 1.00%
|
50,320
|
|
$
|
121,977
|
NOTE
10. REPURCHASE
AGREEMENTS
Opteum
has entered into repurchase agreements to finance most of its MBS security
purchases. The repurchase agreements are short-term borrowings that bear
interest at rates that have historically moved in close relationship to LIBOR.
At December 31, 2006, Opteum had an outstanding amount of $2.7 billion with
a net weighted average borrowing rate of 5.31% and these agreements were
collateralized by MBS with a fair value of $2.8 billion. At December 31,
2005, Opteum had an outstanding amount of $3.3 billion with a net weighted
average borrowing rate of 4.15%, and these agreements were collateralized
by MBS
with a fair value of $3.5 billion and restricted cash of $2.3
million.
At
December 31, 2006, Opteum's repurchase agreements had remaining maturities
as summarized below:
(in
thousands)
OVERNIGHT
(1
DAY OR LESS)
|
BETWEEN
2 AND
30
DAYS
|
BETWEEN
31 AND
90
DAYS
|
GREATER
THAN
90
DAYS
|
TOTAL
|
||||||
Agency-Backed
Mortgage-Backed Securities:
|
||||||||||
Amortized
cost of securities sold, including accrued interest
receivable
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
859,344
|
$
|
807,488
|
$
|
1,149,309
|
$
|
2,816,141
|
Fair
market value of securities sold, including accrued interest
receivable
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
833,436
|
$
|
793,702
|
$
|
1,106,228
|
$
|
2,733,366
|
Repurchase
agreement liabilities associated with these securities
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
842,094
|
$
|
805,595
|
$
|
1,093,991
|
$
|
2,741,680
|
Net
weighted average borrowing rate
|
-
|
5.31%
|
5.33%
|
5.29%
|
5.31%
|
At December 31,
2005, Opteum's repurchase agreements had remaining maturities as summarized
below:
(in
thousands)
OVERNIGHT
(1
DAY OR LESS)
|
BETWEEN
2 AND
30
DAYS
|
BETWEEN
31 AND
90
DAYS
|
GREATER
THAN
90
DAYS
|
TOTAL
|
||||||
Agency-Backed
Mortgage-Backed Securities:
|
||||||||||
Amortized
cost of securities sold, including accrued interest
receivable
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
906,106
|
$
|
813,437
|
$
|
1,533,017
|
$
|
3,252,560
|
Fair
market value of securities sold, including accrued interest
receivable
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
893,160
|
$
|
791,259
|
$
|
1,498,980
|
$
|
3,183,399
|
Repurchase
agreement liabilities associated with these securities
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
914,262
|
$
|
857,995
|
$
|
1,565,341
|
$
|
3,337,598
|
Net
weighted average borrowing rate
|
—
|
4.22%
|
4.01%
|
4.19%
|
4.15%
|
At
December 31, 2006, Opteum's repurchase agreements had the following
counterparties, amounts at risk and weighted average remaining maturities:
(in
thousands)
Repurchase
Agreement Counterparties
|
Amount
Outstanding
|
Amount
at
Risk(1)
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
of
Repurchase
Agreements
in
Days
|
Percent
of
Total
Amount
Outstanding
|
|||
Deutsche
Bank Securities, Inc.
|
$
|
834,940
|
$
|
10,189
|
28
|
30.45
|
%
|
JP
Morgan Securities
|
652,936
|
13,195
|
98
|
23.82
|
|
||
Nomura
Securities International, Inc.
|
463,410
|
13,405
|
94
|
16.90
|
|
||
Washington
Mutual
|
333,587
|
12,476
|
24
|
12.17
|
|
||
Countrywide
Securities Corp
|
206,220
|
4,401
|
79
|
7.52
|
|
||
BNP
Paribas
|
92,155
|
2,666
|
18
|
3.36
|
|
||
Goldman
Sachs
|
70,068
|
1,278
|
122
|
2.56
|
|
||
Bank
of America Securities, LLC
|
54,120
|
1,742
|
136
|
1.97
|
|
||
UBS
Investment Bank, LLC
|
21,515
|
231
|
17
|
0.78
|
|
||
RBS
Greenwich Capital
|
12,729
|
44
|
7
|
0.47
|
|
||
Total
|
$
|
2,741,680
|
$
|
59,627
|
100.00
|
%
|
(1) Equal
to
the fair value of securities sold, plus accrued interest income, minus the
sum
of repurchase agreement liabilities, plus accrued interest expense.
At
December 31, 2005, Opteum's repurchase agreements had the following
counterparties, amounts at risk and weighted average remaining maturities:
(in
thousands)
Repurchase
Agreement Counterparties
|
Amount
Outstanding
|
Amount
at
Risk(1)
|
Weighted
Average
Maturity
of
Repurchase
Agreements
in
Days
|
Percent
of
Total
Amount
Outstanding
|
|||
Deutsche
Bank Securities, Inc.
|
$
|
894,748
|
$
|
12,018
|
135
|
26.81
|
%
|
Nomura
Securities International, Inc.
|
623,631
|
27,010
|
122
|
18.69
|
|
||
Cantor
Fitzgerald
|
467,638
|
15,958
|
70
|
14.01
|
|
||
Washington
Mutual
|
375,345
|
11,630
|
7
|
11.25
|
|
||
Goldman
Sachs
|
207,525
|
7,438
|
44
|
6.22
|
|
||
Bear
Stearns & Co. Inc.
|
167,610
|
6,096
|
157
|
5.02
|
|
||
UBS
Investment Bank, LLC
|
158,781
|
5,059
|
93
|
4.76
|
|
||
Merrill
Lynch
|
128,119
|
(7,949)
|
96
|
3.84
|
|
||
JP
Morgan Securities
|
115,807
|
1,652
|
151
|
3.47
|
|
||
Morgan
Stanley
|
73,505
|
1,767
|
26
|
2.20
|
|
||
Lehman
Brothers
|
62,643
|
2,399
|
87
|
1.88
|
|
||
Countrywide
Securities Corp
|
22,930
|
1,238
|
86
|
0.69
|
|
||
Daiwa
Securities America Inc.
|
19,732
|
39
|
188
|
0.58
|
|
||
Bank
of America Securities, LLC
|
19,584
|
815
|
27
|
0.58
|
|
||
Total
|
$
|
3,337,598
|
$
|
85,170
|
100.00
|
%
|
(1) Equal
to
the fair value of securities sold, plus accrued interest income, minus the
sum
of repurchase agreement liabilities, plus accrued interest expense.
NOTE
11. TRUST
PREFERRED SECURITIES
On
May 17, 2005, Opteum completed a private offering of $50.0 million of trust
preferred securities of Bimini Capital Trust I (“BCTI”), a Delaware statutory
business trust sponsored by Opteum. BCTI used the proceeds of the private
offering, together with Opteum's investment of $1.6 million in BCTI common
equity securities, to purchase $51.6 million aggregate principal amount of
Opteum's BCTI Junior Subordinated Notes with terms that parallel the terms
of
the BCTI trust preferred securities.
The
BCTI
trust preferred securities and Opteum's BCTI Junior Subordinated Notes have
a
fixed rate of interest until March 30, 2010, of 7.61% and thereafter,
through maturity in 2035, the rate will float at a spread of 3.30% over the
prevailing three-month LIBOR rate. The BCTI trust preferred securities and
Opteum's BCTI Junior Subordinated Notes require quarterly interest distributions
and are redeemable at Opteum's option, in whole or in part and without penalty,
beginning March 30, 2010 and at any date thereafter. Opteum's BCTI
Junior Subordinated Notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment
of all
present and future senior indebtedness. The proceeds from the private offering
net of costs were approximately $48.5 million.
On
October 5, 2005, Opteum completed a private offering of $50.0 million of
trust
preferred securities of Bimini Capital Trust II (“BCTII”), a Delaware statutory
business trust sponsored by Opteum. BCTII used the proceeds of the private
offering, together with Opteum's investment of $1.5 million in BCTII common
equity securities, to purchase $51.5 million aggregate principal amount of
Opteum's BCTII Junior Subordinated Notes with terms that parallel the terms
of
the BCTII trust preferred securities.
The
BCTII
trust preferred securities and Opteum's BCTII Junior Subordinated Notes have
a
fixed rate of interest until December 15, 2010, of 7.8575% and thereafter,
through maturity in 2035, the rate will float at a spread of 3.50% over the
prevailing three-month LIBOR rate. The BCTII trust preferred securities and
Opteum's BCTII Junior Subordinated Notes require quarterly interest
distributions and are redeemable at Opteum's option, in whole or in part
and
without penalty, beginning December 15, 2010, and at any date thereafter.
Opteum's BCTII Junior Subordinated Notes are subordinate and junior in right
of
payment of all present and future senior indebtedness. The proceeds from
the
private offering net of costs were approximately $48.5 million.
Each
trust is a variable interest entity pursuant to FIN No. 46 because the
holders of the equity investment at risk do not have adequate decision making
ability over the trust's activities. Since Opteum's investment in each trust's
common equity securities was financed directly by the applicable trust as
a
result of its loan of the proceeds to Opteum, that investment is not considered
to be an equity investment at risk pursuant to FIN No. 46. Since Opteum's
common
share investments in BCTI and BCTII are not a variable interest, Opteum is
not
the primary beneficiary of the trusts. Therefore, Opteum has not consolidated
the financial statements of BCTI and BCTII into its financial statements.
Based on the aforementioned accounting guidance, the accompanying consolidated
financial statements present Opteum's BCTI and BCTII Junior Subordinated
Notes
issued to the trusts as liabilities and Opteum's investments in the common
equity securities of BCTI and BCTII as assets. For financial statement purposes,
Opteum records payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes issued
to
BCTI and BCTII as interest expense.
NOTE
12. CAPITAL STOCK
Authorized
Shares
The
total
number of shares of capital stock which the Company has the authority to
issue
is 110,000,000 shares, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of common stock having
a
par value of $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock having
a
par value of $0.001 per share. The Board of Directors has the authority to
classify any unissued shares by setting or changing in any one or more respects
the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to dividends, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption
of such shares.
Common
Stock
Of
the
100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock, 98,000,000 shares were designated
as Class A Common Stock, 1,000,000 shares were designated as Class B
Common Stock and 1,000,000 shares were designated as Class C Common Stock.
Holders of shares of common stock have no sinking fund or redemption rights
and
have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any of the Company’s securities.
Class A
Common Stock
Each
outstanding share of Class A Common Stock entitles the holder to one vote
on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election
of
directors. Holders of shares of Class A Common Stock are not entitled to
cumulate their votes in the election of directors.
Subject
to the preferential rights of any other class or series of stock and to the
provisions of the Company's charter, as amended, regarding the restrictions
on
transfer of stock, holders of shares of Class A Common Stock are entitled
to receive dividends on such stock if, as and when authorized and declared
by
the Board of Directors.
Class B
Common Stock
Each
outstanding share of Class B Common Stock entitles the holder to one vote
on all matters submitted to a vote of common stockholders, including the
election of directors. Holders of shares of Class B Common Stock are not
entitled to cumulate their votes in the election of directors. Holders of
shares
of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall vote together
as one class in all matters except that any matters which would adversely
affect
the rights and preferences of Class B Common Stock as a separate class
shall require a separate approval by holders of a majority of the outstanding
shares of Class B Common Stock. Holders
of shares of Class B Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends on each
share of Class B Common Stock in an amount equal to the dividends declared
on each share of Class A Common Stock if, as and when authorized and
declared by the Board of Directors.
Each
share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically be converted into one
share of Class A Common Stock on the first day of the fiscal quarter
following the fiscal quarter during which the Company's Board of Directors
were
notified that, as of the end of such fiscal quarter, the stockholders' equity
attributable to the Class A Common Stock, calculated on a pro forma basis
as if conversion of the Class B Common Stock (or portion thereof to be
converted) had occurred, and otherwise determined in accordance with GAAP,
equals no less than $15.00 per share (adjusted equitably for any stock splits,
stock combinations, stock dividends or the like); provided, that the number
of
shares of Class B Common Stock to be converted into Class A Common
Stock in any quarter shall not exceed an amount that will cause the
stockholders' equity attributable to the Class A Common Stock calculated as
set forth above to be less than $15.00 per share; provided further, that
such
conversions shall continue to occur until all shares of Class B Common
Stock have been converted into shares of Class A Common Stock; and provided
further, that the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Class B Common Stock shall not exceed 3% of the
total shares of common stock outstanding prior to completion of an initial
public offering of Opteum's Class A Common Stock.
Class C
Common Stock
No
dividends will be paid on the Class C Common Stock. Holders of shares of
Class C Common Stock are not entitled to vote on any matter submitted to a
vote of stockholders, including the election of directors, except that any
matters that would adversely affect the rights and privileges of the
Class C Common Stock as a separate class shall require the approval of a
majority of the Class C Common Stock.
Each
share of Class C Common Stock shall automatically be converted into one
share of Class A Common Stock on the first day of the fiscal quarter
following the fiscal quarter during which the Company's Board of Directors
were
notified that, as of the end of such fiscal quarter, the stockholders' equity
attributable to the Class A Common Stock, calculated on a pro forma basis
as if conversion of the Class C Common Stock had occurred and giving effect
to the conversion of all of the shares of Class B Common Stock as of such
date, and otherwise determined in accordance with GAAP, equals no less than
15.00 per share (adjusted equitably for any stock splits, stock combinations,
stock dividends or the like); provided, that the number of shares of
Class C Common Stock to be converted into Class A Common Stock shall
not exceed an amount that will cause the stockholders' equity attributable
to
the Class A Common Stock calculated as set forth above to be less than
15.00 per share; and provided further, that such conversions shall continue
to
occur until all shares of Class C Common Stock have been converted into
shares of Class A Common Stock and provided further, that the total number
of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the
Class C Common Stock shall not exceed 3% of the total shares of common
stock outstanding prior to completion of an initial public offering of Opteum's
Class A Common Stock.
Initial
Capitalization
The
three
initial independent directors of the Company's Board of Directors subscribed
for
a total of 7,500 shares of Class A Common Stock in October 2003 at par
value, or a price of $0.001 per share. Compensation totaling $28 was recorded
as
a result of this issuance. See below for a description of additional
Class A Common Stock issuances.
Of
the
1,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock authorized for issuance, 319,388
shares were issued to Opteum's initial officers, Jeffrey J. Zimmer and Robert
E.
Cauley, in October 2003 for a total price of $1,500. Of the 1,000,000
shares of Class C Common Stock authorized for issuance, 319,388 shares were
subscribed to by Flagstone Securities, LLC in October 2003 at par value, or
a price of $0.001 per share. Compensation totaling $1,181 was recorded as
a
result of this issuance.
Issuances
of Common Stock
On
December 11, 2003, Opteum began a private placement offering (the
"Offering") of up to 10,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at a price
to the investors of $15.00 per share. On December 19, 2003, Opteum
completed a first closing, in which Opteum issued 4,004,602 shares and received
proceeds of $56,598,732, which is net of placement agency fees and expenses
totaling $3,350,297. On January 30, 2004, the Offering was closed, and
Opteum issued an additional 5,837,055 shares and received proceeds of
$82,864,346, which is net of placement agency fees and expenses totaling
$4,691,479.
On
February 17, 2004, Opteum issued a total of 158,343 shares of Class A
Common Stock in a private offering and received proceeds of $2,248,471, which
is
net of placement agency fees and expenses totaling $126,674.
On
September 21, 2004, Opteum issued a total of 5,000,000 shares of
Class A Common Stock in an initial public offering and, on
September 24, 2004 issued 750,000 shares of Class A Common Stock
pursuant to the exercise of an over allotment option by the underwriters.
Proceeds of $75,881,557, which is net of underwriter fees and expenses totaling
$7,481,136 were received by Opteum.
On
December 16, 2004, Opteum issued a total of 4,000,000 shares of
Class A Common Stock in a secondary public offering and, on
December 17, 2004 issued 600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock
pursuant to the exercise of an over allotment option by the underwriters.
Proceeds of $66,679,375, which is net of underwriter fees and expenses totaling
$4,620,625 were received by Opteum.
During
2004, Opteum issued a total of 11,415 shares of Class A Common Stock to its
directors for the payment of director fees. The compensation charges for
these
issuances were recorded at the respective fair-values at the date of each
issuance in accordance with SFAS No. 123. Total compensation charges
related to these issuances was $174,386 for the year ended December 31,
2004.
During
2005, Opteum issued a total of 27,800 shares of Class A Common Stock to its
directors for the payment of director fees. The compensation charges for
these
issuances were recorded at the respective fair-values at the date of each
issuance in accordance with SFAS No. 123. Total compensation charges
related to these issuances was $357,843 for the year ended December 31,
2005.
During
2005, Opteum issued 3,717,242 shares of its Class A Common Stock in connection
with an acquisition (see Note 2). Also, a total of 14,667 shares of Class
A
Common Stock were issued in connection with Opteum’s stock-based compensation
plans.
During
2006, Opteum issued for payment of Director fees a total of 37,001 shares
of
Class A Common Stock, and Opteum also paid $204,979 of cash
compensation.
During
2006, Opteum issued 140,490 shares of its Class A Common Stock to Opteum
employees pursuant to the terms of the stock incentive plan phantom share
grants
(see Note 14).
On
April
28, 2006, Opteum issued a total of 1,223,208 shares of Class A Common Stock
in
conjunction with the conversion of the Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock
(see
Note 7).
On
July
17, 2006, Opteum granted 79,725 restricted shares of its Class A Common Stock
to
certain key employees of the Company's subsidiary pursuant to the terms of
the
Opteum Inc. 2003 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan. The shares were subject
to forfeiture prior to the November 3, 2006, vesting date. On the vesting
date 4,650 total shares were forfeited and 75,075 total shares were issued.
During
2006, Opteum retired 1,089,100 shares of Class A Common Stock.
Dividends
On
March
9, 2007, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.05 per share cash
dividend to the holders of its dividend eligible securities on the record
date
of March 26, 2007.
These dividends are payable on April 13, 2007.
On
December 20, 2006, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.05 per
share
cash dividend to the holders of its dividend eligible securities on the record
date of January 3, 2007. Dividends were payable on 24,515,717 shares of
Class A Common Stock, 503,644 phantom shares granted under the Company's
stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and 319,388 shares of Class B
Common Stock. The distribution totaling $1,266,937 was paid on January 19,
2007.
On
September 7, 2006, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.05 per
share
cash dividend to the holders of its dividend eligible securities on the record
date of September 22, 2006. Dividends were payable on 24,396,940 shares of
Class A Common Stock, 562,018 phantom shares and 76,375 restricted shares
granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and 319,388
shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling $1,267,736 was
paid on October 13, 2006.
On
May
31, 2006, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.25 per share cash
dividend to the holders of its dividend eligible securities on the record
date
of June 21, 2006. Dividends were payable on 24,354,114 shares of Class A
Common Stock, 612,268 phantom shares granted under the Company's stock incentive
plan (see Note 14) and 319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock. The
shares of Class A Common Stock include the shares of Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock that were converted on April 28, 2006. The distribution totaling
$6,321,444 was paid on July 7, 2006.
On
March
10, 2006, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.11 per share cash
dividend to the holders of its dividend eligible securities. Dividends were
payable on 23,083,498 shares of Class A Common Stock, 650,320 phantom shares
granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and 319,388
shares of Class B Common Stock. No dividends were paid on the Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock as the provisions of a formula in the Company's amended Articles
of Incorporation were not met. The distribution totaling $2,645,853 was paid
on
April 7, 2006.
On
March
9, 2005, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.53 per share cash
distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends were payable
on 20,374,883 shares of Class A Common Stock, 516,961 phantom shares
granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and 319,388
shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling $11,241,953 was
paid on April 8, 2005.
On
May
31, 2005, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.40 per share cash
distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends were payable
on 20,385,936 shares of Class A Common Stock, 512,072 phantom shares
granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and 319,388
shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling $8,486,958 was
paid on July 8, 2005.
On
August 24, 2005, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.38 per
share cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends
were payable on 20,397,210 shares of Class A Common Stock, 504,675 phantom
shares granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and
319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling
$8,064,084 was paid on October 7, 2005.
On
November 30, 2005, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.14 per
share cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends
were payable on 23,819,222 shares of Class A Common Stock, 499,786 phantom
shares granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and
319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling
$3,449,375 was paid on December 29, 2005.
On
March 11, 2004, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.39 per share
cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock, Dividends
were payable on 10,009,150 shares of Class A Common Stock, Class B Common
Stock was not dividend eligible and there were no phantom shares granted
under
the Company's stock incentive plan. (see Note 14) The distribution
totaling
$3,903,569 was paid on April 23, 2004.
On
June 2, 2004, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.52 per share
cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends were
payable on 10,012,188 shares of Class A Common Stock, 313,600 phantom
shares granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note14),
Class
B
Common Stock was not dividend eligible.
The
distribution totaling $5,369,410, was paid on July 9, 2004.
On
August 24, 2004, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.52 per
share cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends
were payable on 10,015,656 shares of Class A Common Stock, 313,600 phantom
shares granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and
319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling
$5,537,295 was paid on October 8, 2004.
On
November 30, 2004, the Company's Board of Directors declared a $0.54 per
share cash distribution to holders of its Class A Common Stock. Dividends
were payable on 15,768,915 shares of Class A Common Stock, 313,600 phantom
shares granted under the Company's stock incentive plan (see Note 14) and
319,388 shares of Class B Common Stock. The distribution totaling
$8,857,028 was paid on December 29, 2004.
Preferred
Stock
General
The
Company's Board of Directors has the authority to classify any unissued shares
of preferred stock and to reclassify any previously classified but unissued
shares of any series of preferred stock previously authorized by the Board
of
Directors. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series of preferred
stock, the Board of Directors is required by the Company’s charter to fix the
terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms
or
conditions of redemption for each such class or series.
Classified
and Designated Shares
Pursuant
to the Company’s supplementary amendment of its charter, effective
November 3, 2005, and by resolutions adopted on September 29, 2005,
the Company’s Board of Directors classified and designated 1,800,000 shares of
the authorized but unissued preferred stock, $0.001 par value, as Class A
Redeemable Preferred Stock and 2,000,000 shares of the authorized but unissued
preferred stock as Class B Redeemable Preferred Stock.
Class A
Redeemable Preferred Stock and Class B Redeemable Preferred Stock
The
Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock and Class B Redeemable Preferred
Stock rank equal to each other and shall have the same preferences, rights,
voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other
distributions, qualifications and terms; provided, however that the redemption
provisions of the Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock and the Class B
Redeemable Preferred Stock differ. Each outstanding share of Class A
Redeemable Preferred Stock and Class B Redeemable Preferred Stock shall
have one-fifth of a vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders
(or
such lesser fraction of a vote as would be required to comply with the rules
and
regulations of the NYSE relating to the Company’s right to issue securities
without obtaining a stockholder vote). Holders of shares of preferred stock
shall vote together with holders of shares of common stock as one class in
all
matters that would be subject to a vote of stockholders.
There
was
no change in the number of issued and outstanding shares of the Company's
Class
B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock. The conversion of the outstanding
shares of Class A Redeemable Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock was
approved by the Company's stockholders at the Company's 2006 Annual Meeting
of
Stockholders on April 28, 2006, and the outstanding shares of Class A Redeemable
Preferred Stock were converted into
1,223,208 shares of Class A Common Stock on that date
No
shares
of the Class B Redeemable Preferred Stock have been issued as of December
31,
2006.
Ownership
Limitations
Opteum’s
amended charter, subject to certain exceptions, contains certain restrictions
on
the number of shares of stock that a person may own. Opteum’s amended charter
contains a stock ownership limit that prohibits any person from acquiring
or
holding, directly or indirectly, applying attribution rules under the Code,
shares of stock in excess of 9.8% of the total number or value of the
outstanding shares of Opteum’s common stock, whichever is more restrictive, or
Opteum’s stock in the aggregate. Opteum’s amended charter further prohibits
(i) any person from beneficially or constructively owning shares of
Opteum’s stock that would result in Opteum being "closely held" under
Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause Opteum to fail to qualify as
a REIT, and (ii) any person from transferring shares of Opteum’s stock if
such transfer would result in shares of Opteum’s stock being owned by fewer than
100 persons. Opteum’s board of directors, in its sole discretion, may exempt a
person from the stock ownership limit. However, Opteum’s board of directors may
not grant such an exemption to any person whose ownership, direct or indirect,
of an excess of 9.8% of the number or value of the outstanding shares of
Opteum’s stock (whichever is more restrictive) would result in Opteum being
"closely held" within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code or
otherwise would result in failing to qualify as a REIT. The person seeking
an
exemption must represent to the satisfaction of Opteum’s board of directors that
it will not violate the aforementioned restriction. The person also must
agree
that any violation or attempted violation of any of the foregoing restrictions
will result in the automatic transfer of the shares of stock causing such
violation to the trust (as defined below). Opteum’s board of directors may
require a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel, in either case in
form
and substance satisfactory to Opteum’s board of directors in its sole
discretion, to determine or ensure Opteum’s qualification as a
REIT.
Any
person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire beneficial or constructive
ownership of shares of Opteum’s stock that will or may violate any of the
foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership, or any person who
would
have owned shares of Opteum’s stock that resulted in a transfer of shares to the
trust in the manner described below, will be required to give notice immediately
to Opteum and provide Opteum with such other information as Opteum may request
in order to determine the effect of such transfer on the Company.
If
any
transfer of shares of Opteum’s stock occurs which, if effective, would result in
any person beneficially or constructively owning shares of Opteum’s stock in
excess or in violation of the above transfer or ownership limitations, then
that
number of shares of Opteum’s stock the beneficial or constructive ownership of
which otherwise would cause such person to violate such limitations (rounded
to
the nearest whole share) shall be automatically transferred to a trust for
the
exclusive benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries, and the prohibited
owner shall not acquire any rights in such shares. Such automatic transfer
shall
be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day
prior
to the date of such violative transfer. Shares of stock held in the trust
shall
be issued and outstanding shares of Opteum’s stock. The prohibited owner shall
not benefit economically from ownership of any shares of stock held in the
trust, shall have no rights to dividends and shall not possess any rights
to
vote or other rights attributable to the shares of stock held in the trust.
The
trustee of the trust shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends
or
other distributions with respect to shares of stock held in the trust, which
rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the charitable
beneficiary. Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to the discovery
by
Opteum that shares of stock have been transferred to the trustee shall be
paid
by the recipient of such dividend or distribution to the trustee upon demand,
and any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid
when
due to the trustee. Any dividend or distribution so paid to the trustee shall
be
held in trust for the charitable beneficiary. The prohibited owner shall
have no
voting rights with respect to shares of stock held in the trust and, subject
to
Maryland law, effective as of the date that such shares of stock have been
transferred to the trust, the trustee shall have the authority (at the trustee's
sole discretion) (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by a prohibited owner
prior to the discovery by Opteum that such shares have been transferred to
the
trust, and (ii) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the
trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. However, if
Opteum
has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee shall not
have
the authority to rescind and recast such vote.
Within
20 days after receiving notice from Opteum that shares of Opteum’s stock
have been transferred to the trust, the trustee shall sell the shares of
stock
held in the trust to a person, whose ownership of the shares will not violate
any of the ownership limitations set forth in Opteum’s amended charter. Upon
such sale, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold
shall
terminate and the trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to
the
prohibited owner and to the charitable beneficiary as follows. The prohibited
owner shall receive the lesser of (i) the price paid by the prohibited
owner for the shares or, if the prohibited owner did not give value for the
shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be held in the
trust
(e.g., a gift, devise or other such transaction), the market price, as defined
in Opteum’s amended charter, of such shares on the day of the event causing the
shares to be held in the trust and (ii) the price per share received by the
trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares held in the trust,
in
each case reduced by the costs incurred to enforce the ownership limits as
to
the shares in question. Any net sale proceeds in excess of the amount payable
to
the prohibited owner shall be paid immediately to the charitable beneficiary.
If, prior to the discovery by Opteum that shares of Opteum’s stock have been
transferred to the trust, such shares are sold by a prohibited owner, then
(i) such shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the trust
and (ii) to the extent that the prohibited owner received an amount for
such shares that exceeds the amount that such prohibited owner was entitled
to
receive pursuant to the aforementioned requirement, such excess shall be
paid to
the trustee upon demand.
Pursuant
to a letter dated November 2, 2006 from the Company to Mr. Norden, the Alyssa
Blake Norden Trust of 1993, the Michael Jared Norden Trust of 1993 and the
Amy
Suzanne Trust of 1993, and based on representations from such persons, the
Company increased the ownership limit for the foregoing stockholders to ensure
that they would be able to acquire and own the shares of Company Class A
Common
Stock and Class A Preferred issued to them in connection with the Company's
acquisition of OFS. The Company also agreed to monitor its outstanding share
ownership, including the extent to which it repurchases its stock, and to
use
its best efforts to enable the foregoing stockholders to be able to acquire
and
own any additional Company shares issuable to them in connection with the
Company's acquisition of OFS, as well as any Company shares issuable to Mr.
Norden pursuant to any present or future employment or other compensation
agreement between the Company and Mr. Norden, in each case, with respect
to the
Company's ownership limits.
In
addition, shares of Opteum’s stock held in the trust shall be deemed to have
been offered for sale to Opteum, or Opteum’s designee, at a price per share
equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that
resulted in such transfer to the trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift,
the
market price at the time of such devise or gift) and (ii) the market price
on the date Opteum, or Opteum’s designee, accept such offer. Opteum shall have
the right to accept such offer until the trustee has sold the shares of stock
held in the trust. Upon such a sale to Opteum, the interest of the charitable
beneficiary in the shares sold shall terminate and the trustee shall distribute
the net proceeds of the sale to the prohibited owner.
All
certificates representing shares of Opteum’s common stock and preferred stock,
if issued, will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described
above.
Every
record holder of 0.5% or more (or such other percentage as required by the
Code
and the related Treasury regulations) of all classes or series of Opteum’s
stock, including shares of Opteum’s common stock on any dividend record date
during each taxable year, within 30 days after the end of the taxable year,
shall be required to give written notice to Opteum stating the name and address
of such record holder, the number of shares of each class and series of Opteum’s
stock which the record holder beneficially owns and a description of the
manner
in which such shares are held. Each such record holder shall provide to Opteum
such additional information as Opteum may request in order to determine the
effect, if any, of such beneficial ownership on Opteum’s qualification as a REIT
and to ensure compliance with the stock ownership limits. In addition, each
record holder shall upon demand be required to provide to Opteum such
information as Opteum may reasonably request in order to determine Opteum’s
qualification as a REIT and to comply with the requirements of any taxing
authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance. Opteum
may
request such information after every sale, disposition or transfer of Opteum’s
common stock prior to the date a registration statement for such stock becomes
effective.
These
ownership limits could delay, defer or prevent a change in control or other
transaction of Opteum that might involve a premium price for the Class A
Common Stock or otherwise be in the best interest of the
stockholders.
NOTE
13. TRANSACTIONS
WITH RELATED PARTIES
During
2006, OFS received aggregate payments of $1.6 million from Southstar Funding,
LLC (“Southstar Funding”) primarily in exchange for the performance of certain
interim loan servicing functions. Southstar Funding is fifty percent owned
by
Southstar Partners, LLC (“Southstar Partners”). Certain officers of OFS, one of
whom is also a director of Opteum, own membership interests in Southstar
Partners. In addition, an officer of OFS as well as a former director of
Opteum
serves on the Board of Managers of Southstar Funding. As of December 31,
2006,
amounts due from Southstar Funding totaled $0.3 million and no amounts were
owed
to Southstar Funding. In addition, no amounts were due or owing to Southstar
Partners as of December 31, 2006. Amounts
paid for interim loan servicing were determined on an arms-length basis and
are
comparable to amounts charged to other, non-related parties.
NOTE
14. STOCK INCENTIVE PLANS
On
December 1, 2003, Opteum adopted the 2003 Long Term Incentive Compensation
Plan (the “2003 Plan”) to provide Opteum with the flexibility to use stock
options and other awards as part of an overall compensation package to provide
a
means of performance-based compensation to attract and retain qualified
personnel. The 2003 Plan was amended and restated in March 2004. Key
employees, directors and consultants are eligible to be granted stock options,
restricted stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights and other
stock-based awards under the 2003 Plan. Subject to adjustment upon certain
corporate transactions or events, a maximum of 4,000,000 shares of the Class
A
Common Stock (but not more than 10% of the Class A Common Stock outstanding
on
the date of grant) may be subject to stock options, shares of restricted
stock,
phantom shares and dividend equivalent rights under the 2003 Plan. An initial
grant of 313,600 phantom shares was made in June 2004.
During
the year ended December 31, 2006, Opteum
granted 215,389 phantom shares to employees with an aggregate fair value
of $2.0
million. Each phantom share represents a right to receive a share of Opteum's
Class A Common Stock. Dividend equivalent rights were also granted on these
phantom shares.
During
the year ended December 31, 2005, Opteum granted 204,861 phantom shares to
employees with an aggregate fair value of $3.1 million. Each phantom share
represents a right to receive a share of Opteum’s Class A Common Stock.
Dividend equivalent rights were also granted on 203,361 of these phantom
shares;
the remaining 1,500 phantom shares are not entitled to receive dividend
equivalent rights until they vest.
Phantom
share awards are valued at the fair value of Opteum’s Class A Common Stock
at the date of the grant. The total grant date value of all awards since
the
inception of the 2003 Plan is $9.8 million. The phantom share awards do not
have
an exercise price. The grant date value is being amortized to compensation
expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the respective
award. The phantom shares vest, based on the employees’ continuing
employment, following a schedule as provided in the grant agreements, for
periods through June 1, 2009.
As
of
December 31, 2006, a total of 733,850 phantom stock awards have been granted
since the inception of the 2003 Plan, however 2,781 and 2,090 shares were
forfeited during 2006 and 2005 due to the termination of the grantee’s
employment. Of the remaining shares, 389,117 shares have fully vested and
339,862 shares remain unvested. The future compensation charge that was
eliminated by the forfeitures totaled $56,853. No phantom share awards have
expired. Of the vested shares, 209,250 and 15,085 were issued to grantees
or
surrendered to pay income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2006
and 2005. As of December 31, 2006 504,644 phantom shares were
outstanding. Total compensation cost recognized for the year ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005 was 2,882,091 and $2,130,132 respectively. Dividends
paid on phantom shares are charged to retained earnings when
declared.
A
summary
of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of December 31, 2006, and
changes during the year ended December 31, 2006, is presented below:
|
Shares
|
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
|
||
Nonvested
at January 1, 2006
|
|
343,644
|
$
|
15.10
|
Granted
in 2006
|
|
215,389
|
9.15
|
|
Vested
in 2006
|
|
(216,390)
|
13.18
|
|
Forfeited
in 2006
|
(2781)
|
8.99
|
||
Nonvested
at December 31, 2006
|
|
339,862
|
$
|
12.60
|
As
of
December 31, 2006, there was $4.3 million of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under
the 2003 Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average
period of 1.6 years.
On
July
17, 2006, the Company granted 79,725 restricted shares of its Class A common
Stock to certain key employees of the Company’s subsidiary pursuant to the terms
of the 2003 Plan. Such share grants were initially recorded by OFS prior
to the
merger with the Company. However, these awards were cancelled when the Company
and the subject employees agreed to forego the award in contemplation of
a new
grant under the Company’s 2003 Plan. The restricted shares were valued at the
fair value of Opteum’s Class A Common Stock at the date of grant, which totaled
$0.7 million for the July 2006 awards, and this amount was amortized to
compensation through November 3, 2006, the vesting date of the award, net
of any
forfeitures. The restricted shares do not have an exercise price. Dividends
paid
on the restricted shares were charged to retained earnings when declared
by the
Company’s Board of Directors. The shares were subject to forfeiture, based on
continued employment through the vesting date of November 2, 2006. During
2006,
4,650 shares were forfeited.
Opteum
also has adopted the 2004 Performance Bonus Plan (the “Performance Bonus Plan”).
The
Performance Bonus Plan is an annual bonus plan that permits the issuance
of the
Company’s Class A Common Stock in payment of stock-based awards made under the
plan. In 2006, 2005 and 2004 no stock-based awards were made under and no
shares of the Company’s stock have been issued under the Performance Bonus Plan.
NOTE
15. SAVINGS
INCENTIVE PLAN
Opteum’s
employees have the option to participate in the Opteum Inc., 401K Plan (the
“Plan”). Under the terms of the Plan, eligible employees can make tax-deferred
401(k) contributions, and at Opteum’s sole discretion, Opteum can match the
employees’ contributions. For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, Opteum
made 401(k) matching contributions of $63,365 and $40,547, respectively.
OFS’s
employees have the option to participate in the Company Savings and Incentive
Plan (the “Plan”). Under the terms of the Plan, eligible employees can make
tax-deferred 401(k) contributions, and at the OFS’s sole discretion, OFS can
match the employees’ contributions as well as make annual profit-sharing
contributions to the Plan. For the year ended 2006 and the period November
3,
2005 (date of merger) through December 31, 2005, OFS made 401(k) matching
contributions of $241,056 and $40,956, respectively.
NOTE
16. OPERATING
LEASES
Certain
facilities and equipment are leased under short-term lease agreements expiring
at various dates through September 2013. All such leases are accounted for
as
operating leases.
Obligations
under non-cancelable operating leases which have an initial term of more
than a
year are as follows:
(in
thousands)
2007
|
$
|
5,953
|
2008
|
5,441
|
|
2009
|
3,186
|
|
2010
|
1,565
|
|
2011
|
1,103
|
|
Thereafter
|
1,013
|
|
$
|
18,261
|
Rental
expense for the year ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $6,325,805,
$931,640 and $52,458, respectively.
NOTE
17. COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
Loans
Sold to Investors.
Generally, OFS is not exposed to significant credit risk on its loans sold
to
investors. In the normal course of business, OFS provides certain
representations and warranties during the sale of mortgage loans which obligate
it to repurchase loans which are subsequently unable to be sold through the
normal investor channels. The repurchased loans are secured by the related
real
estate properties, and can usually be sold directly to other permanent
investors. There can be no assurance, however, that OFS will be able to recover
the repurchased loan value either through other investor channels or through
the
assumption of the secured real estate.
OFS
recognizes a liability for the estimated fair value of this obligation at
the
inception of each mortgage loan sale based on the anticipated repurchase
levels
and historical experience. The liability is recorded as a reduction of the
gain
on sale of mortgage loans and included as part of other liabilities in the
accompanying financial statements.
Changes
in the liability during 2006 and for the period November 3, 2005, through
December 31, 2005:
(in
thousands)
For
the year ended December 31, 2006
|
For
the period
November
3, 2005, through December 31, 2005
|
|||
Balance—Beginning
of period
|
$
|
2,038
|
$
|
2,292
|
Provision
|
8,499
|
306
|
||
Charge-Offs
|
(3,401)
|
(560)
|
||
Balance—End
of period
|
$
|
7,136
|
$
|
2,038
|
Loan
Funding and Delivery Commitments.
At
December 31, 2006, OFS has commitments to fund loans approximating $476
million. OFS hedges the interest rate risk of such commitments primarily
with
mandatory delivery commitments. The remaining commitments to fund loans with
agreed-upon rates are anticipated to be sold through “best-efforts” and investor
programs. OFS does not anticipate any material losses from such sales.
Net
Worth Requirements.
OFS is
required to maintain certain specified levels of minimum net worth to maintain
its approved status with Fannie Mae, HUD, and other investors. At December
31,
2006 and 2005, the highest minimum net worth requirement applicable to OFS
was
approximately $1.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively. OFS had excess
net
worth of approximately $2.1 million at December 31, 2006.
Outstanding
Litigation. The
Company is involved in various lawsuits and claims, both actual and potential,
including some that it has asserted against others, in which monetary and
other
damages are sought. These lawsuits and claims relate primarily to contractual
disputes arising out of the ordinary course of the Company’s business. The
outcome of such lawsuits and claims is inherently unpredictable. However,
management believes that, in the aggregate, the outcome of all lawsuits and
claims involving the Company will not have a material effect on the Company’s
consolidated financial position or liquidity; however, any such outcome may
be
material to the results of operations of any particular period in which costs,
if any, are recognized.
As
part
of the November 3, 2005 merger pursuant to which OFS became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Opteum, the parties to the Agreement and Plan of Merger and
Reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”) agreed to special resolution procedures
concerning certain litigation matters in which OFS was a party and that was
pending at the time of the merger. Certain provisions of the Merger Agreement
specified the manner in which four separate litigation matters would be treated
for purposes of determining the rights and obligations of the parties to
the
Merger Agreement. In two of these matters, OFS is the plaintiff and is seeking
money damages from third parties. In the other two matters, OFS is a defendant
and is defending itself against claims for money damages.
Pursuant
to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the former owners of OFS must indemnify
the Company for any liabilities arising from the two matters in which OFS
is a
defendant. In addition, the former owners of OFS are entitled to receive
any
amounts paid to the Company upon the settlement or final resolution of the
two
matters in which OFS is the plaintiff.
Guarantees.
Opteum
has guaranteed the obligations of OFS and OFS’s wholly-owned subsidiary, HS
Special Purpose, LLC, under their respective financing facilities with JPMorgan
Chase and Citigroup described in Note 8. These guarantees will remain in
effect
so long as the applicable financing facilities remain in effect. If an Event
of
Default occurs under these financing facilities that are not cured or waived,
Opteum may be required to perform under its guarantees. There is no specific
limitation on the maximum potential future payments under these guarantees.
However, Opteum’s liability under these guarantees would be reduced in an amount
equal to the amount by which the collateral securing such obligations exceeds
the amounts outstanding under the applicable facilities.
NOTE
18. SEGMENTS
Opteum
follows SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.” The
Company operates in two reportable segments: as a REIT and as an originator
of
mortgage loans.
Certain
operations qualify as a REIT, under applicable provisions of the Code. The
REIT
activities primarily involve Opteum investing in residential mortgage-related
securities. As a REIT, these activities are not subject to federal income
tax on
the net taxable income as long as the earnings from REIT activities are
distributed to the stockholders.
On
November 3, 2005, Opteum acquired OFS. OFS is a mortgage lender that
originates loans. It offers retail and wholesale products including fixed-
and
adjustable-rate mortgages, 100% financing, interest-only products and home
loans
for the credit challenged. Opteum has 33 offices and lending in 46 states.
Goodwill associated with OFS was $2.1 million at December 31, 2006.
The
accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the
summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1. The Company evaluates
the performance of its REIT segment and mortgage origination business segment
results based on net income. Each of the business segments’ net income or loss
includes direct costs incurred at each segment’s operating level, plus a minimal
amount of allocated corporate-level expenses.
The
following table shows year 2006 summarized financial information concerning
the
Company’s reportable segments.
(in
thousands)
|
REIT
|
OFS
|
TOTAL(1)
|
|||
Net
interest income
|
$
|
10,577
|
$
|
13,118
|
$
|
13,525
|
Other
revenues, net
|
(7,321)
|
14,792
|
7,471
|
|||
Inter-segment
interest income
|
10,169
|
(10,169)
|
-
|
|||
Income
(loss) before income taxes
|
(6,551)
|
(70,261)
|
(76,812)
|
|||
Other
interest expense
|
-
|
|
(17,756)
|
|
(7,587)
|
|
Depreciation
and amortization
|
757
|
3,627
|
4,384
|
|||
Income
tax expense (benefit)
|
-
|
(27,218)
|
(27,218)
|
|||
Total
assets
|
3,054,277
|
|
1,009,324
|
3,937,634
|
||
Capital
expenditures
|
757
|
2,720
|
3,477
|
(1) Figures
reflect the elimination of inter-company transactions between Opteum and
OFS
The
following table shows year 2005 summarized financial information concerning
the
Company’s reportable segments.
(in
thousands)
|
REIT
|
OFS
|
TOTAL(1)
|
|||
Net
interest income
|
$
|
37,061
|
$
|
1,038
|
$
|
36,982
|
Other
revenues, net
|
1,993
|
2,318
|
4,311
|
|||
Inter-segment
interest income
|
1,117
|
(1,117)
|
-
|
|||
Income
(loss) before income taxes
|
30,914
|
(10,851)
|
20,063
|
|||
Other
interest expense
|
-
|
2,210
|
1,093
|
|||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
347
|
495
|
842
|
|||
Income
tax expense (benefit)
|
-
|
(4,220)
|
(4,220)
|
|||
Total
assets
|
3,782,264
|
1,144,615
|
4,805,101
|
|||
Capital
expenditures
|
3,803
|
869
|
4,672
|
(1) Figures
reflect the elimination of inter-company transactions between Opteum and
OFS.
The
following information is needed to reconcile the segment amounts to the total
information, which agrees to the amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated
financial statements. During
the consolidation process, loans receivable totaling $119.1 million in 2006
and
$65.0 million in 2005, and the related interest income and accrued interest,
which are recorded on Opteum’s segment financial statements, are eliminated
against corresponding liabilities and expenses recorded on OFS’s segment
financial statements. The interest income related to these loans is reported
above as inter-segment interest income. There were no inter-segment gross
revenues during the periods ended December 31, 2006 and November 3, 2005
(date
of the merger) through December 31, 2005, except for this interest, and
therefore all other revenues were from external sources.
No
single
customer
accounted for more than
10%
of
revenues
at OFS. For the REIT activities, approximately 93.6% of the interest income
was
derived from MBS issued by U.S. Government agencies.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2004, the Company’s sole activities were as a REIT.
Therefore segment disclosures are the same as reported in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements for those periods.
NOTE
19. INCOME TAXES
Year
2004
There
is
no tax provision included for the year ended December 31, 2004, as Opteum
satisfied the REIT taxation requirements for the year 2004. Opteum was solely
a
non-taxpaying REIT during the year ended December 31, 2004.
Years
2005 and 2006
As
described in Note 2, Opteum acquired OFS on November 3, 2005. OFS is a taxable
REIT subsidiary, which is a taxpaying entity for income tax purposes, and
is
taxed separately from Opteum. At the date of acquisition, OFS recorded a
deferred tax liability of approximately $22.6 million related to the difference
in the carrying amount and the tax basis of the originated MSRs, among other
items. The tax impacts of OFS are included in the schedules below for its
operating activities from November 3, 2005 through December 31, 2005, and
for
the year ended December 31, 2006.
The
income tax benefit is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2005:
Deferred
income tax benefit:
|
|
Year
ended
December
31, 2006
|
Year
ended
December
31, 2005
|
|
Federal
|
$
|
24,478
|
$
|
3,797
|
State
|
|
2,740
|
423
|
|
|
|
|||
Total
deferred income tax benefit
|
$
|
27,218
|
$
|
4,220
|
The
effective income tax benefit for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005
differ from the amount determined by applying the statutory federal rate
of 35%
to income (loss) before income tax as follows:
(in
thousands)
For
the year ended December 31, 2006
|
For
the period
November
3, 2005, through December 31, 2005
|
|||
Balance—Beginning
of period
|
$
|
2,038
|
$
|
2,292
|
Provision
|
8,499
|
306
|
||
Charge-Offs
|
(3,401)
|
(560)
|
||
Balance—End
of period
|
$
|
7,136
|
$
|
2,038
|
The
tax
affected cumulative temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax
assets
and liabilities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, are as follows:
(in
thousands)
At
December
31,
2006
|
At
December
31,
2005
|
|||
Deferred
tax assets:
|
|
|
||
$
|
29,684
|
$
|
2,322
|
|
State
tax loss carry-forward
|
4,812
|
423
|
||
Loan
Loss Reserves, Interest and Other
|
5,056
|
296
|
||
Mark-to-market
adjustments
|
|
269
|
1,158
|
|
Total
deferred tax assets
|
$
|
39,821
|
$
|
4,199
|
|
|
|||
Deferred
tax liabilities:
|
|
|||
Capitalized
cost of mortgage servicing rights
|
$
|
28,693
|
$
|
18,436
|
Loan
origination and other amounts
|
|
2,606
|
2,138
|
|
Intangible
assets
|
|
1,341
|
1,986
|
|
Total
deferred tax liabilities
|
$
|
32,640
|
$
|
22,560
|
|
|
|||
Net
deferred tax assets (liabilities)
|
$
|
7,181
|
$
|
(18,361)
|
As
described in Note 1, the Company adopted SFAS No. 156 as of January 1, 2006.
As
a result of this adoption, net deferred tax liabilities were increased by
approximately $1.67 million. Management believes that the deferred tax assets
will more likely than not be realized due to the reversal of the deferred
tax
liabilities and expected future taxable income. As of December 31, 2006,
the TRS
had an estimated federal tax net operating loss carryforward of about $88
million, which expires beginning in 2025, and is fully available to offset
future taxable income.
Tax
differences on REIT income
Taxable
income, as generated by Opteum’s qualifying REIT activities, is computed
differently from Opteum’s financial statement net income as computed in
accordance with GAAP. Depending on the number and size of the various items
or
transactions being accounted for differently, the differences between Opteum’s
REIT taxable income and Opteum’s financial statement net income (loss) can be
substantial and each item can affect several years. Since inception through
December 31, 2006, Opteum's REIT taxable income is approximately $14.9
million greater than Opteum's financial statement net income as reported
in its
financial statements.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, Opteum's REIT taxable income was approximately
$12.0 million greater than Opteum's financial statement net income from REIT
activities. During 2006, Opteum's most significant items and transactions
being
accounted for differently include interest on inter-company loans with OFS,
other-than-temporary impairment losses on the MBS portfolio, equity plan
stock
awards, depreciation of property and equipment and the accounting for debt
issuance costs. The impairment losses on the MBS portfolio will be recognized
for tax purposes in 2007 as the actual sales of the securities are completed.
The debt issuance costs are being amortized, and property and equipment are
being depreciated, over different useful lives for tax purposes. The future
deduction of equity plan stock compensation against REIT taxable income is
uncertain both as to the year (as the timing of the tax impact of each
restricted stock award is up to each employee who has received a grant) and
as
to the amount, because the tax impact is measured at the fair value of the
shares as of a future date, and this amount may be greater than or less than
the
financial statement expense already recognized by Opteum.
For
the
year 2005, Opteum's REIT taxable income was approximately $2.1 million greater
than Opteum's financial statement net income from REIT activities. The most
significant portion of this year 2005 amount, $2.0 million, is attributable
to
the equity plan stock awards, and the future deduction of this amount against
taxable net income is uncertain both as to the year (as the timing of the
tax
impact of each restricted stock award is up to each employee who has received
a
grant) and as to the amount (the amount of the tax impact is measured at
the
fair value of the shares as of a future date).
For
the
year 2004, Opteum's taxable net income was $0.8 million greater than Opteum's
financial statement net income from REIT activities. Of this amount, $0.7
million is attributable to the equity plan stock awards.
NOTE
20. SUMMARIZED QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED)
The
following is a presentation of the quarterly results of operations for the
year
ended December 31, 2006 (amounts in thousands, except per share
data).
March
31, 2006
|
June
30, 2006
|
September
30, 2006
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
60,281
|
$
|
75,589
|
$
|
68,381
|
$
|
50,758
|
Interest
expense
|
(56,189)
|
(60,518)
|
(67,102)
|
(57,675)
|
||||
Net
interest income
|
4,092
|
15,071
|
1,279
|
(6,917)
|
||||
Net
gain on sales of mortgage-backed securities
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Direct
operating expenses
|
319
|
227
|
197
|
245
|
||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
20,106
|
22,768
|
25,493
|
28,455
|
||||
Net
(loss)
|
$
|
(7,972)
|
$
|
(8,665)
|
$
|
(6,256)
|
$
|
(33,923)
|
Net
(loss) per Class A Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
(0.34)
|
$
|
(0.06)
|
$
|
(0.25)
|
$
|
(1.37)
|
Net
(loss) per Class B Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
(0.34)
|
$
|
(0.06)
|
$
|
(0.25)
|
$
|
(1.37)
|
Weighted
average number of Class A common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
23,437
|
23,970
|
24,376
|
24,466
|
||||
Weighted
average number of Class B common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
319
|
319
|
319
|
319
|
The
following is a presentation of the quarterly results of operations for the
year
ended December 31, 2005 (amounts in thousands, except per share
data).
March
31, 2005
|
June
30, 2005
|
September
30, 2005
|
December
31, 2005
|
|||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
31,070
|
$
|
36,749
|
$
|
43,574
|
$
|
49,248
|
Interest
expense
|
(19,842)
|
(26,453)
|
(33,509)
|
(43,854)
|
||||
Net
interest income
|
11,228
|
10,296
|
10,065
|
5,394
|
||||
Net
gain on sales of mortgage-backed securities
|
1,982
|
-
|
11
|
-
|
||||
Direct
operating expenses
|
590
|
284
|
299
|
109
|
||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
1,713
|
1,793
|
1,902
|
14,828
|
||||
Net
income
|
$
|
10,907
|
$
|
$8,219
|
$
|
7,875
|
$
|
(2,718)
|
Net
income per Class A Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
0.52
|
$
|
0.39
|
$
|
0.37
|
$
|
(0.12)
|
Net
income per Class B Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
0.51
|
$
|
0.39
|
$
|
0.37
|
$
|
(0.11)
|
Weighted
average number of Class A common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
20,796
|
20,897
|
20,901
|
23,073
|
||||
Weighted
average number of Class B common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
319
|
319
|
319
|
319
|
The
following is a presentation of the quarterly results of operations for the
year
ended December 31, 2004 (amounts in thousands, except per share data).
March
31, 2004
|
June
30, 2004
|
September
30, 2004
|
December
31, 2004
|
|||||
Interest
income
|
$
|
7,194
|
$
|
10,959
|
$
|
11,017
|
$
|
20,463
|
Interest
expense
|
(2,736)
|
(4,344)
|
(4,253)
|
(10,824)
|
||||
Net
interest income
|
4,458
|
6,615
|
6,764
|
9,639
|
||||
Net
gain on sales of mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
—
|
122
|
(26)
|
||||
Direct
operating expenses
|
226
|
280
|
328
|
374
|
||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
288
|
768
|
812
|
1,638
|
||||
Net
income
|
$
|
3,944
|
$
|
5,567
|
$
|
5,746
|
$
|
7,601
|
Net
income per Class A Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
0.49
|
$
|
0.56
|
$
|
0.51
|
$
|
0.44
|
Net
income per Class B Common Share—Basic and Diluted
|
$
|
N/A
|
$
|
N/A
|
$
|
0.53
|
$
|
0.46
|
Weighted
average number of Class A common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
8,001
|
10,012
|
10,867
|
16,825
|
||||
Weighted
average number of Class B common shares outstanding—Basic and
Diluted
|
—
|
—
|
319
|
319
|
ITEM
9. CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE.
None.
ITEM
9A. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES.
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The
Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to
ensure
that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed with or
submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and
communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure based closely on the definition of “disclosure controls and
procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e). In designing and evaluating the disclosure
controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures,
no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance
of achieving the desired control objectives and management necessarily was
required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship
of
possible controls and procedures.
As
of the
end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation,
under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management,
including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s Chief
Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, the
Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes
in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
On
November 3, 2005, the Company acquired Opteum Financial Services, LLC, (“OFS”) a
privately held company. Management’s assessment of the internal controls at the
OFS level started with the assumption that OFS, as a private company, may
not
possess a system of internal controls sufficient to comply fully with all
of the
rules and requirements for internal control systems for SEC registrants at
the
time of the acquisition. Accordingly, management conducted a comprehensive
review of all controls in place coupled with an assessment of all critical
processes so as to ensure full compliance with the rules and requirements
for
SEC registrants by year end. This process was a substantial undertaking and
required the Company to hire external consultants to assist. As of the dates
the
Company’s quarterly reports for the periods ended March 31, 2006 and June 30,
2006 were filed, this process was not complete. During the period ended
September 30, 2006, as part of the process of establishing whether or not
the
system of internal controls that existed at OFS were sufficient to comply,
management discovered a material weakness with respect to the controls in
place
associated with the accounting by OFS for IRLCs. Owing to a lack of sufficient
internal controls being in place, the accounting treatment utilized to account
for IRLCs up to that point was not in compliance with GAAP and the quarterly
financial statements issued for the periods ended March 31, 2006 and June
30,
2006 required re-statement. Management made changes during the fourth quarter
of
2006, where needed, at OFS to ensure such system of internal control is adequate
to allow management to rely on the OFS internal controls for purposes of
preparing the Company’s Exchange Act reports.
There
were no significant changes in the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter, other
than as reported above, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely
to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
See
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting included in
Item 8. See also the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
in
Item 8. for Ernst & Young LLP’s attestation report on management’s
assessment of internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM
9B. OTHER
INFORMATION.
None.
PART
III
ITEM
10. DIRECTORS,
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
The
information required by this Item 10 and not otherwise set forth below is
incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement relating
to
the Company’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on April 30,
2007, which the Company expects to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after
December 31, 2006 (the "Proxy Statement").
The
Company's executive officers are appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors.
The
Board
of Directors has determined that each member of the Audit Committee of the
Board
of Directors, including the Chair of the Audit Committee, Maureen A. Hendricks,
is an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of Item 407(d)(5) of
Regulation S-K.
The
Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all
officers, directors and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. The
Company has also adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers that
is
applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer,
principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar
functions. A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and our Code
of
Ethics for Senior Financial Officers, as well as the Company’s Corporate
Governance Guidelines and the committee charters for each of the committees
of
the Board of Directors, can be obtained from our Internet website at
www.opteum.com
and
will
be made available to any shareholder upon request. The Company intends to
disclose any waivers from, or amendments to, the Code of Ethics for Senior
Financial Officers by posting a description of such waiver or amendment on
our
Internet Web site.
ITEM
11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION.
The
information required by this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference
to the
Proxy Statement.
ITEM
12. SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS.
The
information required by this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference
to the
Proxy Statement and to Part II, Item 5 of this Form 10-K.
ITEM
13. CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENCE.
The
information required by this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference
to the
Proxy Statement.
ITEM
14. PRINCIPAL
ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
The
information required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference
to the
Proxy Statement.
PART
IV
ITEM
15. EXHIBITS,
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
a.
|
Financial
Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company,
together
with the report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
thereon,
are set forth in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K and are
incorporated herein by reference.
|
The
following information is filed as part of this Form 10-K:
Page
|
|
Management’s
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
|
73
|
Reports
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
74
|
Report
of Independent Auditors
|
76
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006 and 2005
|
77
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004
|
78
|
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31,
2006, 2005 and 2004
|
79
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004
|
80
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
82
|
b.
|
Financial
Statement Schedules. For years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
|
The
following should be read in conjunction with the financial statements referenced
above.
(in
thousands)
Schedule
II
|
||||||||||
Opteum
Financial Services LLC
|
||||||||||
Valuation
and Qualifying Accounts
|
||||||||||
Column
A
|
Column
B
|
Column
C
|
Column
D
|
Column
E
|
||||||
Additions
|
||||||||||
|
Balance
at Beginning of Period
|
Charged
to Costs and Expenses
|
Charged
to Other accounts
|
Deductions(1)
|
Balance
at End of Period
|
|||||
Year
ended December 31, 2006
|
||||||||||
Allowance
for loan losses: (2)
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Reflected
in Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
|
$
|
118
|
$
|
4,820
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
4,038
|
$
|
900
|
$
|
118
|
$
|
4,820
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
4,038
|
$
|
900
|
|
(1)
|
Actual
losses charged against the valuation allowance, net of recoveries
and
reclassifications.
|
(2)
|
See
also Note 17 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
|
All
other
schedules are omitted because they are not applicable.
c.
Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
2.1
|
Agreement
and Plan of Merger, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated September 29,
2005, filed with the SEC on September 30, 2005
|
3.1
|
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, filed with the SEC on April 29,
2004
|
3.2
|
Articles
Supplementary, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, dated November 3, 2005, filed with the SEC on November
8, 2005
|
3.3
|
Articles
of Amendment, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, dated February 10, 2006, filed with the SEC on
February 15, 2006
|
3.4
|
Amended
and Restated Bylaws, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 26,
2006
|
4.1
|
Specimen
Common Stock Certificate incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1
to the
Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2006, filed with the
SEC on May 8, 2006.
|
†10.1
|
Opteum
Inc. 2003 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan, incorporated by
reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended September
30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2006
|
†10.2
|
Employment
Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and Jeffrey J.
Zimmer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated April 12, 2004, filed with the SEC on April
29, 2004
|
†10.3
|
Employment
Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and Robert E.
Cauley, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.4 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated April 12, 2004, filed with the SEC on April
29, 2004
|
†10.4
|
Employment
Agreement between Opteum Financial Services, LLC and Peter R.
Norden,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.5 to the
Company’s Form 10-K, dated September 29, 2005, filed with the SEC on March
10, 2006
|
10.5
|
Letter
Agreement, dated November 4, 2003 from AVM, L.P. to Bimini Mortgage
Management, Inc. with respect to consulting services to be provided
by AVM, L.P. and Letter Agreement, dated February 10, 2004 from AVM,
L.P. to Bimini Mortgage Management with respect to assignment of
AVM,
L.P.'s rights, interest and responsibilities to III Associates,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form S-11/A,
filed
with the SEC on May 26, 2004
|
10.6
|
Agency
Agreement, dated November 20, 2003 between AVM, L.P. and Bimini
Mortgage Management, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.6 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated November 20, 2003, filed with the SEC on May
26, 2004
|
†10.7
|
Opteum
Inc. 2004 Performance Bonus Plan, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit
10.7 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2006,
filed with the SEC on December 20, 2006
|
†10.8
|
Phantom
Share Award Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and
Jeffrey J. Zimmer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.8 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated August 13, 2004, filed with the SEC on August
25, 2004
|
†10.9
|
Phantom
Share Award Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and
Robert E. Cauley, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.9 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated August 13, 2004, filed with the SEC on August
25, 2004
|
10.10
|
Voting
Agreement, among certain stockholders of Bimini Mortgage Management,
Inc.,
Jeffrey J. Zimmer, Robert E. Cauley, Amber K. Luedke, George H.
Haas, IV,
Kevin L. Bespolka, Maureen A. Hendricks, W. Christopher Mortenson,
Buford
H. Ortale, Peter Norden, certain of Mr. Norden’s affiliates, Jason Kaplan,
certain of Mr. Kaplan’s affiliates and other former owners of Opteum
Financial Services, LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(D)
to the
Company’s Schedule 13D, dated November 3, 2005, filed with the SEC on
November 14, 2005
|
†10.11
|
Form
of Phantom Share Award Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for
the period ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December
20,
2006
|
†10.12
|
Form
of Restricted Stock Award Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for
the period ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December
20,
2006
|
10.13
|
Membership
Interest Purchase, Option and Investor Rights Agreement among Opteum
Inc.,
Opteum Financial Services, LLC and Citigroup Global Markets Realty
Corp.
dated as of December 21, 2006, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1
to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated December 21, 2006, filed with the SEC on
December 21, 2006
|
10.14
|
Sixth
Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Opteum
Financial Services, LLC, dated as of December 21, 2006, made and
entered
into by Opteum Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated
December 21, 2006, filed with the SEC on December 21,
2006
|
*21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of the registrant
|
*23.1
|
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP
|
*23.2
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP
|
*24.1
|
Powers
of Attorney
|
*31.1
|
Certification
of the Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
or
15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant
to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
*31.2
|
Certification
of the Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
or
15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant
to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
*32.1
|
Certification
of the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
*32.2
|
Certification
of the Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
*
Filed herewith.
†
Management compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed
by Item
601 of Regulation S-K.
|
Signatures
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of
1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its
behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized on March 14, 2007.
|
|
OPTEUM
INC.
(Registrant)
|
|
By
|
/s/
Robert E. Cauley
|
|
|
Robert
E. Cauley
Vice
Chairman, Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief
Financial Officer and Chief Investment Officer
(Principal
Financial Officer)
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has
been
signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities indicated on March 14, 2007.
Signature
|
Capacity
|
|
|
/s/
Jeffrey J. Zimmer
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey
J. Zimmer
|
Director,
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal
Executive Officer)
|
|
|
/s/
Robert E. Cauley
|
|
|
|
Robert
E. Cauley
|
Director,
Vice Chairman of the Board, Senior Executive Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer and Chief Investment Officer
(Principal
Financial Officer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter
R. Norden
|
Director
and Senior Executive Vice President
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kevin
L. Bespolka
|
Director
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maureen
A. Hendricks
|
Director
|
)
|
By
/s/ Robert E. Cauley
Robert E. Cauley,
Attorney-in-Fact
|
|
|
|
|
W.
Christopher Mortenson
|
Director
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buford
H. Ortale
|
Director
|
)
|
|
|
|
EXHIBIT
INDEX
Exhibit
No.
2.1
|
Agreement
and Plan of Merger, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated September 29,
2005, filed with the SEC on September 30, 2005
|
3.1
|
Articles
of Amendment and Restatement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, filed with the SEC on April 29,
2004
|
3.2
|
Articles
Supplementary, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, dated November 3, 2005, filed with the SEC on November
8, 2005
|
3.3
|
Articles
of Amendment, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, dated February 10, 2006, filed with the SEC on
February 15, 2006
|
3.4
|
Amended
and Restated Bylaws, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 26,
2006
|
4.1
|
Specimen
Common Stock Certificate incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1
to the
Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2006, filed with the
SEC on May 8, 2006.
|
†10.1
|
Opteum
Inc. 2003 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan, incorporated by
reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended September
30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2006
|
†10.2
|
Employment
Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and Jeffrey J.
Zimmer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated April 12, 2004, filed with the SEC on April
29, 2004
|
†10.3
|
Employment
Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and Robert E.
Cauley, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.4 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated April 12, 2004, filed with the SEC on April
29, 2004
|
†10.4
|
Employment
Agreement between Opteum Financial Services, LLC and Peter R.
Norden,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.5 to the
Company’s Form 10-K, dated September 29, 2005, filed with the SEC on March
10, 2006
|
10.5
|
Letter
Agreement, dated November 4, 2003 from AVM, L.P. to Bimini Mortgage
Management, Inc. with respect to consulting services to be provided
by AVM, L.P. and Letter Agreement, dated February 10, 2004 from AVM,
L.P. to Bimini Mortgage Management with respect to assignment of
AVM,
L.P.'s rights, interest and responsibilities to III Associates,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form S-11/A,
filed
with the SEC on May 26, 2004
|
10.6
|
Agency
Agreement, dated November 20, 2003 between AVM, L.P. and Bimini
Mortgage Management, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.6 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated November 20, 2003, filed with the SEC on May
26, 2004
|
†10.7
|
Opteum
Inc. 2004 Performance Bonus Plan, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit
10.7 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2006,
filed with the SEC on December 20, 2006
|
†10.8
|
Phantom
Share Award Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and
Jeffrey J. Zimmer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.8 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated August 13, 2004, filed with the SEC on August
25, 2004
|
†10.9
|
Phantom
Share Award Agreement between Bimini Mortgage Management, Inc. and
Robert E. Cauley, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.9 to the
Company’s Form S-11/A, dated August 13, 2004, filed with the SEC on August
25, 2004
|
10.10
|
Voting
Agreement, among certain stockholders of Bimini Mortgage Management,
Inc.,
Jeffrey J. Zimmer, Robert E. Cauley, Amber K. Luedke, George H.
Haas, IV,
Kevin L. Bespolka, Maureen A. Hendricks, W. Christopher Mortenson,
Buford
H. Ortale, Peter Norden, certain of Mr. Norden’s affiliates, Jason Kaplan,
certain of Mr. Kaplan’s affiliates and other former owners of Opteum
Financial Services, LLC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(D)
to the
Company’s Schedule 13D, dated November 3, 2005, filed with the SEC on
November 14, 2005
|
†10.11
|
Form
of Phantom Share Award Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for
the period ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December
20,
2006
|
†10.12
|
Form
of Restricted Stock Award Agreement,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for
the period ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on December
20,
2006
|
10.13
|
Membership
Interest Purchase, Option and Investor Rights Agreement among Opteum
Inc.,
Opteum Financial Services, LLC and Citigroup Global Markets Realty
Corp.
dated as of December 21, 2006, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1
to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated December 21, 2006, filed with the SEC on
December 21, 2006
|
10.14
|
Sixth
Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Opteum
Financial Services, LLC, dated as of December 21, 2006, made and
entered
into by Opteum Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp.,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated
December 21, 2006, filed with the SEC on December 21,
2006
|
*21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of the registrant
|
*23.1
|
Consent
of Ernst & Young LLP
|
*23.2
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP
|
*24.1
|
Powers
of Attorney
|
*31.1
|
Certification
of the Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
or
15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant
to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
*31.2
|
Certification
of the Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
or
15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant
to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
*32.1
|
Certification
of the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
*32.2
|
Certification
of the Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
*
Filed herewith.
†
Management compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed
by Item
601 of Regulation S-K.
|