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Braemar Hotels & Resorts Inc. - Quarter Report: 2017 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission file number: 001-35972

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland
 
46-2488594
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(IRS employer identification number)
 
 
 
14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100
 
 
Dallas, Texas
 
75254
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip code)

(972) 490-9600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes ¨ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). þ Yes ¨ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “small reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
¨
 
Accelerated filer
þ
Non-accelerated filer
¨
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
¨
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
þ

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) if the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes þ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
 
31,932,838
(Class)
 
Outstanding at November 6, 2017


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 
 


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Investments in hotel properties, gross
 
$
1,529,111

 
$
1,258,412

Accumulated depreciation
 
(297,976
)
 
(243,880
)
Investments in hotel properties, net
 
1,231,135

 
1,014,532

Cash and cash equivalents
 
126,771

 
126,790

Restricted cash
 
31,609

 
37,855

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $236 and $96, respectively
 
20,493

 
18,194

Insurance receivable
 
19,037

 
—

Inventories
 
1,739

 
1,479

Note receivable
 
8,098

 
8,098

Deferred costs, net
 
745

 
1,020

Prepaid expenses
 
4,493

 
3,669

Investment in Ashford Inc., at fair value
 
11,810

 
8,407

Derivative assets
 
758

 
1,149

Other assets
 
4,524

 
2,249

Intangible assets, net
 
22,615

 
22,846

Due from Ashford Trust OP, net
 
—

 
488

Due from AQUA U.S. Fund
 
—

 
2,289

Due from related party, net
 
645

 
377

Due from third-party hotel managers
 
7,492

 
7,555

Total assets
 
$
1,491,964

 
$
1,256,997

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Indebtedness, net
 
$
906,820

 
$
764,616

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
59,912

 
44,791

Dividends and distributions payable
 
8,599

 
5,038

Due to Ashford Inc.
 
1,380

 
5,085

Due to affiliate
 
—

 
2,500

Due to third-party hotel managers
 
2,633

 
973

Intangible liability, net
 
3,583

 
3,625

Other liabilities
 
1,576

 
1,432

Total liabilities
 
984,503

 
828,060

Commitments and contingencies (note 15)
 

 

5.50% Series B cumulative convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 4,965,850 and 2,890,850 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
 
106,123

 
65,960

Redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
 
45,782

 
59,544

Equity:
 
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 31,950,777 and 26,021,552 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
 
319

 
260

Additional paid-in capital
 
467,460

 
401,790

Accumulated deficit
 
(106,941
)
 
(93,254
)
Total stockholders’ equity of the Company
 
360,838

 
308,796

Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entity
 
(5,282
)
 
(5,363
)
Total equity
 
355,556

 
303,433

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
1,491,964

 
$
1,256,997

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2
Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
REVENUE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
$
77,336

 
$
73,944

 
$
224,203

 
$
222,778

Food and beverage
23,147

 
20,106

 
75,600

 
72,022

Other
7,597

 
5,568

 
21,588

 
16,977

Total hotel revenue
108,080

 
99,618

 
321,391

 
311,777

Other
39

 
33

 
116

 
103

Total revenue
108,119

 
99,651

 
321,507

 
311,880

EXPENSES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hotel operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
17,698

 
16,926

 
51,108

 
49,841

Food and beverage
17,766

 
15,944

 
53,890

 
51,656

Other expenses
35,182

 
28,249

 
94,934

 
86,923

Management fees
3,889

 
3,820

 
11,643

 
11,958

Total hotel expenses
74,535

 
64,939

 
211,575

 
200,378

Property taxes, insurance and other
5,197

 
5,120

 
15,641

 
14,677

Depreciation and amortization
14,133

 
11,175

 
39,573

 
34,342

Impairment charges
1,008

 
—

 
1,008

 
—

Advisory services fee
1,814

 
4,454

 
5,822

 
12,353

Contract modification cost
—

 
—

 
5,000

 
—

Transaction costs
244

 
63

 
6,638

 
501

Corporate general and administrative
1,602

 
2,653

 
7,007

 
16,414

Total expenses
98,533

 
88,404

 
292,264

 
278,665

OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
9,586

 
11,247

 
29,243

 
33,215

Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entity
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2,587
)
Interest income
198

 
50

 
475

 
132

Gain (loss) on sale of hotel property
—

 
26,359

 
—

 
26,359

Other income (expense)
(22
)
 
(78
)
 
(292
)
 
(88
)
Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
(10,610
)
 
(9,795
)
 
(28,743
)
 
(31,066
)
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
(380
)
 
(2,595
)
 
(2,343
)
 
(2,595
)
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.
1,875

 
(458
)
 
3,403

 
(1,091
)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives
(531
)
 
(3,912
)
 
(1,529
)
 
2,218

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
116

 
20,818

 
214

 
24,497

Income tax (expense) benefit
(333
)
 
504

 
(334
)
 
(1,022
)
NET INCOME (LOSS)
(217
)
 
21,322

 
(120
)
 
23,475

(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interests
(1,143
)
 
(2,504
)
 
(2,736
)
 
(2,569
)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
360

 
(1,960
)
 
958

 
(1,994
)
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY
(1,000
)
 
16,858

 
(1,898
)
 
18,912

Preferred dividends
(1,707
)
 
(994
)
 
(5,087
)
 
(2,866
)
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
$
(2,707
)
 
$
15,864

 
$
(6,985
)
 
$
16,046

INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE - BASIC:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.61

 
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.58

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic
31,483

 
25,554

 
30,089

 
27,261

INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE - DILUTED:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.55

 
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.56

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
31,483

 
33,874

 
30,089

 
31,887

Dividends declared per common share
$
0.16

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.48

 
$
0.34

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3
Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(unaudited, in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$
(217
)
 
$
21,322

 
$
(120
)
 
$
23,475

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(217
)
 
21,322

 
(120
)
 
23,475

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities
(1,143
)
 
(2,504
)
 
(2,736
)
 
(2,569
)
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
360

 
(1,960
)
 
958

 
(1,994
)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY
$
(1,000
)
 
$
16,858

 
$
(1,898
)
 
$
18,912

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4
Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY
(unaudited, in thousands)
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated Deficit
 
Noncontrolling
Interest in
Consolidated
Entities
 
Total
 
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2017
26,022


$
260

 
$
401,790

 
$
(93,254
)
 
$
(5,363
)
 
$
303,433

 
$
59,544

Purchase of common stock
(17
)
 
—

 
(195
)
 
—

 
—

 
(195
)
 
—

Equity-based compensation
—


—

 
(600
)
 
—

 
—

 
(600
)
 
(1,392
)
Issuance of common stock
5,750


57

 
66,385

 
—

 
—

 
66,442

 
—

Issuance of restricted shares/units
195

 
2

 
(2
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
21

Forfeiture of restricted common shares
(5
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Dividends declared – common stock
—


—

 
—

 
(15,545
)
 
—

 
(15,545
)
 
—

Dividends declared – preferred stock
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5,087
)
 
—

 
(5,087
)
 
—

Distributions to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2,655
)
 
(2,655
)
 
(2,508
)
Redemption/conversion of operating partnership units
6

 
—

 
82

 
—

 
—

 
82

 
(82
)
Net income (loss)
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,898
)
 
2,736

 
838

 
(958
)
Redemption value adjustment
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,843

 
—

 
8,843

 
(8,843
)
Balance at September 30, 2017
31,951

 
$
319

 
$
467,460

 
$
(106,941
)
 
$
(5,282
)
 
$
355,556

 
$
45,782

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5
Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017

2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
(120
)
 
$
23,475

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
39,573

 
34,342

Equity-based compensation
(1,992
)
 
3,539

Bad debt expense
172

 
156

Amortization of loan costs
3,754

 
2,406

Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
2,343

 
2,595

Amortization of intangibles
136

 
71

(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property

—

 
(27,150
)
Impairment charges
1,008

 
—

Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in Ashford Inc.
(3,403
)
 
1,091

Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives
1,800

 
(2,140
)
Net settlement of trading derivatives
(1,062
)
 
—

Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entity
—

 
2,587

Deferred tax expense (benefit)
119

 
357

Payments for derivatives
—

 
(114
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, exclusive of the effect of hotel acquisitions:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable and inventories
260

 
(4,082
)
Insurance receivable
(276
)
 
—

Prepaid expenses and other assets
(758
)
 
(1,346
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
5,100

 
7,928

Due to/from related party, net
(255
)
 
(104
)
Due to affiliate
(2,500
)
 
—

Due to/from third-party hotel managers
5,798

 
4,027

Due to/from Ashford Trust OP, net
488

 
(535
)
Due to/from Ashford Inc.
(3,705
)
 
(359
)
Other liabilities
144

 
173

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
46,624

 
46,917

 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Acquisition of hotel properties, net of cash and restricted cash acquired
(243,693
)
 
—

Proceeds from liquidation of AQUA U.S. Fund
2,289

 
43,489

Net proceeds from sales of hotel property
—

 
82,732

Improvements and additions to hotel properties
(32,744
)
 
(16,615
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(274,148
)
 
109,606

 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Borrowings on indebtedness
523,500

 
—

Repayments of indebtedness
(376,385
)
 
(71,283
)
Payments of loan costs and exit fees
(10,733
)
 
(2,664
)
Payments for derivatives
(347
)
 
(5
)
Purchase of common stock
(195
)
 
(39,224
)
Payments for dividends and distributions
(19,579
)
 
(12,284
)
Issuance of preferred stock
40,163

 
4,233

Issuance of common stock
66,442

 
—

Distributions to a noncontrolling interest in a consolidated entity
(1,628
)
 
(3,766
)
Other
21

 
19

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
221,259

 
(124,974
)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(6,265
)
 
31,549

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
164,645

 
138,174

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
$
158,380

 
$
169,723

 
 
 
 

6
Table of Contents

 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017

2016
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
26,385

 
$
29,039

Income taxes paid
1,025

 
379

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid
$
8,599

 
$
4,876

Capital expenditures accrued but not paid
2,721

 
1,181

Receivable related to liquidation of AQUA U.S. Fund
—

 
2,289

Accrued preferred stock offering expenses
—

 
479

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
$
126,790

 
$
105,039

Restricted cash at beginning of period
37,855

 
33,135

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
$
164,645

 
$
138,174

 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
126,771

 
$
128,625

Restricted cash at end of period
31,609

 
41,098

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
$
158,380

 
$
169,723

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

7
Table of Contents
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)



1. Organization and Description of Business
Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“Ashford Prime”), is a Maryland corporation that invests primarily in high revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) luxury hotels and resorts. High RevPAR, for purposes of our investment strategy, means RevPAR of at least twice the then-current U.S. national average RevPAR for all hotels as determined by Smith Travel Research. Ashford Prime has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code. Ashford Prime conducts its business and owns substantially all of its assets through its operating partnership, Ashford Hospitality Prime Limited Partnership (“Ashford Prime OP”). In this report, the terms “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc. and, as the context may require, all entities included in its condensed consolidated financial statements.
We are advised by Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC (“Ashford LLC” or the “Advisor”) through an advisory agreement. Ashford LLC is a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., which was spun-off from Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (“Ashford Trust”). All of the hotel properties in our portfolio are currently asset-managed by Ashford LLC. We do not have any employees. All of the services that might be provided by employees are provided to us by Ashford LLC.
As of September 30, 2017, Remington Lodging & Hospitality, LLC, together with its affiliates (“Remington Lodging”), which is beneficially wholly-owned by Mr. Monty J. Bennett, Chairman of our board of directors, and Mr. Archie Bennett, Jr., Chairman Emeritus of Ashford Trust, managed three of our thirteen hotel properties. Third-party management companies managed the remaining hotel properties.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of such wholly-owned and majority owned subsidiaries of Ashford Prime OP that as of September 30, 2017, own and operate thirteen hotel properties in seven states, the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The portfolio includes eleven wholly-owned hotel properties and two hotel properties that are owned through a partnership in which Ashford Prime OP has a controlling interest. These hotel properties represent 3,978 total rooms, or 3,743 net rooms, excluding those attributable to our partner. As a REIT, Ashford Prime needs to comply with limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code related to operating hotels. As of September 30, 2017, twelve of our thirteen hotel properties were leased by wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries that are treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”) for federal income tax purposes (collectively the TRS entities are referred to as “Prime TRS”). One hotel property located in the U.S. Virgin Islands is owned by our U.S. Virgin Islands TRS. Prime TRS then engages third-party or affiliated hotel management companies to operate the hotel properties under management contracts. Hotel operating results related to the hotel properties are included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2017, ten of the thirteen hotel properties were leased by Ashford Prime’s wholly-owned TRS and two hotel properties majority-owned through a consolidated partnership were leased to a TRS wholly-owned by such consolidated partnership. Each leased hotel is leased under a percentage lease that provides for each lessee to pay in each calendar month the base rent plus, in each calendar quarter, percentage rent, if any, based on hotel revenues. Lease revenue from Prime TRS is eliminated in consolidation. The hotel properties are operated under management contracts with Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”), Hilton Worldwide (“Hilton”), Accor Business and Leisure Management, LLC (“Accor”), Hyatt Corporation (“Hyatt”), Ritz-Carlton, Inc. (“Ritz-Carlton”) and Remington Lodging, which are eligible independent contractors under the Internal Revenue Code.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation—The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc., its majority-owned subsidiaries, and its majority-owned entities in which it has a controlling interest. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between consolidated entities have been eliminated in these condensed consolidated financial statements. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. We believe the disclosures made herein are adequate to prevent the information presented from being misleading. However, the financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 28, 2017.

8
Table of Contents
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Ashford Prime OP is considered to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as defined by authoritative accounting guidance. A VIE must be consolidated by a reporting entity if the reporting entity is the primary beneficiary because it has (i) the power to direct the VIE’s activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE. All major decisions related to Ashford Prime OP that most significantly impact its economic performance, including but not limited to operating procedures with respect to business affairs and any acquisitions, dispositions, financings, restructurings or other transactions with sellers, purchasers, lenders, brokers, agents and other applicable representatives, are subject to the approval of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Ashford Prime OP General Partner LLC, its general partner. As such, we consolidate Ashford Prime OP.
The following items affect reporting comparability of our historical condensed consolidated financial statements:
•
Historical seasonality patterns at some of our properties cause fluctuations in our overall operating results. Consequently, operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017.
•
On July 1, 2016, we sold the Courtyard Seattle Downtown.
•
On March 31, 2017, we acquired the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa, and on May 11, 2017, we acquired the Hotel Yountville. The operating results of these hotel properties have been included in our results of operations as of their acquisition dates.
Use of Estimates—The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Restricted Cash—Restricted cash includes reserves for debt service, real estate taxes and insurance, as well as excess cash flow deposits and reserves for furniture, fixtures and equipment replacements of approximately 4% to 5% of property revenue for certain hotels, as required by certain management or mortgage debt agreement restrictions and provisions. We early adopted Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash effective January 1, 2017. See discussion in recently adopted accounting standards below.
Impairment of Investments in Hotel Properties—Hotel properties are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the hotel is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of the hotel to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, which take into account current market conditions and our intent with respect to holding or disposing of the hotel. If our analysis indicates that the carrying value of the hotel is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, we recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the property’s net book value exceeds its estimated fair value, or fair value, less cost to sell. In evaluating the impairment of hotel properties, we make many assumptions and estimates, including projected cash flows, expected holding period and expected useful life. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including internally developed discounted cash flow models, comparable market transactions and third-party appraisals, where considered necessary. We recorded impairment charges of $1.0 million to investments in hotel properties for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 due to Hurricanes Irma and Maria. No impairment charges were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. See note 3.
Investment in Ashford Inc.—We hold approximately 195,000 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock, which represented an approximate 9.6% ownership interest in Ashford Inc. and had a fair value of $11.8 million at September 30, 2017. This investment would typically be accounted for under the equity method of accounting, under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 323-10 - Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures since we exercise significant influence. However, we have elected to record our investment in Ashford Inc. using the fair value option under ASC 825-10 - Fair Value Option - Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.
Revenue Recognition—Hotel revenues, including room, food, beverage and ancillary revenues such as long-distance telephone service, laundry, parking and space rentals, are recognized when services have been rendered. Taxes collected from customers and submitted to taxing authorities are not recorded in revenue.
Equity-Based Compensation—Stock/unit-based compensation for non-employees is accounted for at fair value based on the market price of the shares at period end in accordance with applicable authoritative accounting guidance that results in recording expense, included in “advisory services fee” and “management fees,” equal to the fair value of the award in proportion to the requisite service period satisfied during the period. Performance stock units (“PSUs”) and performance-based Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) units granted to certain executive officers are accounted for at fair value at period end based on a Monte Carlo

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


simulation valuation model that results in recording expense, included in “advisory services fee,” equal to the fair value of the award in proportion to the requisite service period satisfied during the period. Stock/unit grants to independent directors are recorded at fair value based on the market price of the shares at grant date, which amount is fully expensed as the grants of stock/units are fully vested on the date of grant and included in “corporate general and administrative” expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards—In November 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”), which clarifies the presentation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statements of cash flows. Under ASU 2016-18 restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2017 on a retrospective basis. The adoption of this standard resulted in the inclusion of restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statements of cash flows for all periods presented. As a result net cash provided by operating activities increased $13.1 million and net cash provided by investing activities decreased $5.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Our beginning-of-period cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash increased $37.9 million and $33.1 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards—In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model, which requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The update will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date to fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect (modified) transition method. We are continuing to evaluate each of our revenue streams under the new standard and because of the short-term, day-to-day nature of hotel revenues, our pattern of revenue recognition is not expected to change significantly. Additionally, we have historically disposed of hotel properties for cash sales with no contingencies and no future involvement in the hotel operations. Therefore, ASU No. 2014-09 will not impact the recognition of hotel sales. We presently expect to select the modified retrospective method. We do not expect adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We continue to evaluate the related disclosure requirements.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”), which requires an entity to: (i) measure equity investments at fair value through net income, with certain exceptions; (ii) present in OCI the changes in instrument-specific credit risk for financial liabilities measured using the fair value option; (iii) present financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; (iv) calculate the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes based on an exit price and; (v) assess a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to unrealized losses of available-for-sale (“AFS”) debt securities in combination with other deferred tax assets. ASU 2016-01 provides an election to subsequently measure certain nonmarketable equity investments at cost less any impairment and adjusted for certain observable price changes. It also requires a qualitative impairment assessment of such equity investments and amends certain fair value disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Certain provisions of ASU 2016-01 are eligible for early adoption. We do not expect that ASU 2016-01 will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The accounting for leases under which we are the lessor remains largely unchanged. While we are currently in the initial stages of assessing the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect the primary impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements upon adoption will be the recognition, on a discounted basis, of our future minimum rentals due under noncancelable leases on our condensed consolidated balance sheets resulting in the recording of ROU assets and lease obligations.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). The ASU sets forth an “expected credit loss” impairment model to replace the current “incurred loss” method of recognizing credit losses. The standard requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for most financial assets held. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-13 will have on the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments - a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force (“ASU 2016-15”). The new guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. Certain issues addressed in this guidance include - debt payments or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, distributions received from equity method investments and beneficial interests in securitization transactions. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-15 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”), which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether a transaction should be accounted for as an acquisition (or disposal) of an asset or a business. ASU 2017-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. While we are currently evaluating the potential impact of the standard, we currently expect that certain future hotel acquisitions may be considered asset acquisitions rather than business combinations, which would affect capitalization of acquisitions costs (such costs are expensed for business combinations and capitalized for asset acquisitions).
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income-Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (ASU “2017-05”), which clarifies the scope of ASC Subtopic 610-20, Other Income-Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets and adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. ASU 2017-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. An entity may elect to apply ASU 2017-05 under a retrospective or modified retrospective approach. We are evaluating the impact that ASU 2017-05 will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
3. Investments in Hotel Properties, net
Investments in hotel properties, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Land
 
$
347,662

 
$
210,696

Buildings and improvements
 
1,076,366

 
972,412

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 
96,845

 
70,922

Construction in progress
 
8,238

 
4,382

Total cost
 
1,529,111

 
1,258,412

Accumulated depreciation
 
(297,976
)
 
(243,880
)
Investments in hotel properties, net
 
$
1,231,135

 
$
1,014,532

Park Hyatt Beaver Creek
On March 31, 2017, we acquired a 100% interest in the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa in Beaver Creek, Colorado for total consideration of $145.5 million. Concurrent with the closing of the acquisition, we completed the financing of a $67.5 million mortgage loan. See note 7.
We prepared the purchase price allocation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The final purchase price allocation was completed with the assistance of a third party appraisal firm during the three months ended June 30, 2017. The final purchase price allocation resulted in adjustments to land, buildings and improvements and furniture, fixtures and equipment. These adjustments did not result in any changes to depreciation expense as the acquisition closed on March 31, 2017. This valuation is considered a Level 3 valuation technique.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired in the acquisition (in thousands):
 
Preliminary Allocations as of March 31, 2017
 
Adjustments
 
Final Allocations as of June 30, 2017
Land
$
92,470

 
$
(3,353
)
 
$
89,117

Buildings and improvements
47,724

 
3,545

 
51,269

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
5,306

 
(192
)
 
5,114

 
$
145,500

 
$
—

 
$
145,500

Net other assets (liabilities)
$
4,528

 
$
(721
)
 
$
3,807

The results of operations of the hotel property have been included in our results of operations since the acquisition date. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we have included total revenue of $8.7 million and $13.7 million, net loss of $23,000 and $2.1 million, respectively, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The unaudited pro forma results of operations as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2016 are included below under “Pro Forma Financial Results.”
Hotel Yountville
On May 11, 2017, we acquired a 100% interest in the Hotel Yountville in Yountville, California for total consideration of $96.5 million. Concurrent with the closing of the acquisition, we completed the financing of a $51.0 million mortgage loan. See note 7.
We prepared a purchase price allocation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The final purchase price allocation was prepared with the assistance of a third-party appraisal firm during the three months ended September 30, 2017.We are in the process of evaluating property level working capital balances, which amounted to a net liability of $2.1 million. This valuation is considered a Level 3 valuation technique.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired in the acquisition (in thousands):
 
Final Allocations as of September 30, 2017
Land
$
47,849

Buildings and improvements
41,216

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
7,351

 
96,416

Inventories
84

 
96,500

The results of operations of the hotel property have been included in our results of operations as of the acquisition date. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we have included total revenue of $4.7 million and $7.1 million, net income of $1.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The unaudited pro forma results of operations as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2016 are included below.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Pro Forma Financial Results
The following table reflects the unaudited pro forma results of operations as if the acquisitions had occurred and the applicable indebtedness was incurred on January 1, 2016, and the removal of $5.3 million of non-recurring transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisitions for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Total revenue
$
108,119

 
$
113,504

 
$
344,593

 
$
355,642

Net income (loss)
(217
)
 
23,087

 
9,536

 
29,141

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
(2,707
)
 
17,434

 
1,458

 
21,024

Pro Forma income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.67

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.76

Diluted
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.60

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.74

Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
31,483

 
25,554

 
30,089

 
27,261

Diluted
31,483

 
33,874

 
30,235

 
31,887

Impairment Charges and Insurance Recoveries
In September 2017, the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas located in St. Thomas, USVI, Key West Pier House located in Key West, FL and Tampa Renaissance located in Tampa, FL were impacted by the effects of Hurricanes Irma and Maria. The Company holds insurance policies that provide coverage for property damage and business interruption after meeting certain deductibles at all of its hotel properties. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized impairment charges, net of anticipated insurance recoveries of $1.0 million. Additionally, the Company recognized remediation and other costs, net of anticipated insurance recoveries of $3.6 million, included primarily in other hotel operating expenses. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has recorded an insurance receivable of $19.0 million, net of deductibles of $4.6 million, related to the anticipated insurance recoveries. The Company will not record an insurance recovery receivable for business interruption losses associated with lost profits until the amount for such recoveries is known and the amount is realizable.
4. Hotel Disposition
On July 1, 2016, the Company sold the Courtyard Seattle Downtown for $84.5 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of $26.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Since the sale of the hotel property did not represent a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on our operations or financial results, its results of operations were not reported as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


We included the results of operations for these assets through the date of disposition as shown in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The following table includes the condensed financial information from this hotel property (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2016
 
September 30, 2016
Total hotel revenue
$
—

 
$
7,995

Total hotel operating expenses
—

 
(4,463
)
Operating income (loss)
—

 
3,532

Property taxes, insurance and other
—

 
(333
)
Depreciation and amortization
—

 
(834
)
Gain (loss) on sale of hotel property
26,359

 
26,359

Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
—

 
(1,709
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
26,359

 
27,015

(Income) loss before income taxes attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
(2,899
)
 
(2,972
)
Income (loss) before income taxes attributable to the Company
$
23,460

 
$
24,043

5. Note Receivable
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we owned a note receivable of $8.1 million from the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The note bears interest at a rate of 12.85% and matures in 2018. The interest income recorded on the note receivable is offset against the interest expense recorded on the TIF loan of the same amount. See note 7.
6. Investment in Unconsolidated Entity
Ashford Inc.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we held approximately 195,000 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock. The closing price per share was $60.60 and $43.14 as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. This represented an approximate 9.6% ownership interest in Ashford Inc. for both September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. See notes 10 and 11.
As we exercise significant influence over Ashford Inc., this investment would typically be accounted for under the equity method of accounting, under ASC 323-10 - Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. However, we have elected to record our investment in Ashford Inc. using the fair value option under ASC 825-10 - Fair Value Option - Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities as the fair value is readily available since Ashford Inc. common stock is traded on a national exchange. The fair value of our investment in Ashford Inc. is included in “investment in Ashford Inc., at fair value” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and changes in market value are included in “unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


The following tables summarize the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, of Ashford Inc. (in thousands):
Ashford Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Total assets
 
$
84,012

 
$
129,797

Total liabilities
 
49,754

 
38,168

Redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
1,936

 
1,480

Total stockholders’ equity of Ashford Inc.
 
31,862

 
37,377

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities
 
460

 
52,772

Total equity
 
32,322

 
90,149

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
84,012

 
$
129,797

Our investment in Ashford Inc., at fair value
 
$
11,810

 
$
8,407

Ashford Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Total revenue
 
$
19,255

 
$
16,538

 
$
51,907

 
$
48,099

Total operating expenses
 
(21,595
)
 
(16,673
)
 
(54,965
)
 
(50,938
)
Operating income (loss)
 
(2,340
)
 
(135
)
 
(3,058
)
 
(2,839
)
Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment in unconsolidated entity
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,460
)
Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments
 
—

 
(441
)
 
(91
)
 
(5,889
)
Other
 
57

 
59

 
185

 
(21
)
Income tax (expense) benefit
 
25

 
(575
)
 
(9,248
)
 
(560
)
Net income (loss)
 
(2,258
)
 
(1,092
)
 
(12,212
)
 
(10,769
)
(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
102

 
486

 
267

 
6,852

Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
300

 
321

 
995

 
794

Net income (loss) attributable to Ashford Inc.
 
$
(1,856
)
 
$
(285
)
 
$
(10,950
)
 
$
(3,123
)
Our unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.
 
$
1,875

 
$
(458
)
 
$
3,403

 
$
(1,091
)

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


7. Indebtedness
Indebtedness consisted of the following (in thousands):
Indebtedness
 
Collateral
 
Maturity
 
Interest Rate
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Secured revolving credit facility(3)
 
None
 
November 2019
 
Base Rate (2) + 1.25% to 2.50% or LIBOR(1) + 2.25% to 3.50%
 
$
—

 
$
—

Mortgage loan(4) (5)
 
1 hotel
 
April 2017
 
5.91%
 
—

 
32,879

Mortgage loan(4)
 
1 hotel
 
April 2017
 
5.95%
 
—

 
55,915

Mortgage loan(4)
 
3 hotels
 
April 2017
 
5.95%
 
—

 
245,307

Mortgage loan(6)
 
1 hotel
 
December 2017
 
LIBOR (1) +4.95%
 
—

 
40,000

Mortgage loan(7)
 
1 hotel
 
December 2017
 
LIBOR(1) + 4.95%
 
42,000

 
42,000

Mortgage loan(8)
 
1 hotel
 
March 2018
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.30%
 
80,000

 
80,000

Mortgage loan(9)
 
1 hotel
 
March 2018
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.25%
 
70,000

 
70,000

TIF loan(5) (10)
 
1 hotel
 
June 2018
 
12.85%
 
8,098

 
8,098

Mortgage loan(4) (5)
 
5 hotels
 
February 2019
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.58%
 
365,000

 
—

Mortgage loan(7)
 
1 hotel
 
April 2019
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.75%
 
67,500

 
—

Mortgage loan(11)
 
2 hotels
 
November 2019
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.65%
 
190,481

 
192,765

Mortgage loan
 
1 hotel
 
May 2022
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.55%
 
51,000

 
—

Mortgage loan(6)
 
1 hotel
 
August 2022
 
LIBOR(1) + 2.55%
 
40,000

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
914,079

 
766,964

Deferred loan costs, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7,259
)
 
(2,348
)
Indebtedness, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
906,820

 
$
764,616

__________________
(1) 
LIBOR rates were 1.232% and 0.772% at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(2) 
Base Rate, as defined in the secured revolving credit facility agreement, is the greater of (i) the prime rate set by Bank of America, (ii) federal funds rate + 0.5%, or (iii) LIBOR + 1.0%.
(3) 
Our borrowing capacity under our secured revolving credit facility is $100.0 million. We have an option, subject to lender approval, to further increase the borrowing capacity to an aggregate of $250.0 million. We may use up to $15.0 million for standby letters of credit. The secured revolving credit facility has two one-year extension options subject to advance notice, satisfaction of certain conditions and a 0.25% extension fee.
(4) 
On January 18, 2017, we refinanced three mortgage loans totaling $333.7 million set to mature in April 2017 with a new $365.0 million mortgage loan with a two-year initial term and five one-year extension options subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The new loan is interest only and bears interest at a rate of LIBOR + 2.58%.
(5) 
These loans are collateralized by the same hotel property. This hotel property is now included in the $365 million mortgage loan.
(6) 
On August 18, 2017, we refinanced our $40.0 million mortgage loan with a final maturity date in December 2020 with a new $40.0 million mortgage loan that is interest only at a rate of LIBOR + 2.55% and has a five-year term.
(7) 
This mortgage loan has three one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
(8) 
This mortgage loan has three one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, of which the second was exercised in March 2017.
(9) 
This mortgage loan has three one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, of which the first was exercised in March 2017.
(10) 
The interest expense from the TIF loan is offset against interest income recorded on the note receivable of the same amount. See note 5.
(11) 
This mortgage loan has two one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
On January 18, 2017, we refinanced three mortgage loans with existing outstanding balances totaling approximately $333.7 million. The previous mortgage loans had final maturity dates in April 2017. The new mortgage loan totals $365.0 million and has a stated maturity of February 2019 with five one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.58%. The mortgage loan is secured by five hotel properties: Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Tampa Renaissance, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown and Philadelphia Courtyard Downtown.
On March 31, 2017, in connection with the acquisition of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek, we completed the financing of a $67.5 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.75%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is April 2019, with three one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is secured by the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


On May 11, 2017, in connection with the acquisition of the Hotel Yountville, we completed the financing of a $51.0 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is May 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by the Hotel Yountville.
On August 18, 2017, we refinanced our existing $40.0 million mortgage loan with a final maturity date in December 2020 with a new $40.0 million mortgage loan that is interest only, provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55% and has a stated maturity date of August 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by the Bardessono Hotel.
We are required to maintain certain financial ratios under our secured revolving credit facility. If we violate covenants in any debt agreement, we could be required to repay all or a portion of our indebtedness before maturity at a time when we might be unable to arrange financing for such repayment on attractive terms, if at all. Violations of certain debt covenants may result in our inability to borrow unused amounts under our line of credit, even if repayment of some or all of our borrowings is not required. The assets of certain of our subsidiaries are pledged under non-recourse indebtedness and are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of the consolidated group. As of September 30, 2017, we were in compliance in all material respects with all covenants or other requirements set forth in our debt agreements as amended.
8. Income (Loss) Per Share
The following table reconciles the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to the Company
$
(1,000
)
 
$
16,858

 
$
(1,898
)
 
$
18,912

Less: Dividends on preferred stock
(1,707
)
 
(994
)
 
(5,087
)
 
(2,866
)
Less: Dividends on common stock
(5,038
)
 
(3,064
)
 
(15,107
)
 
(9,041
)
Less: Dividends on unvested performance stock units
(85
)
 
(19
)
 
(238
)
 
(73
)
Less: Dividends on unvested restricted shares
(75
)
 
(12
)
 
(200
)
 
(34
)
Less: Net (income) loss allocated to unvested performance stock units
—

 
(142
)
 
—

 
(15
)
Less: Net (income) loss allocated to unvested restricted shares
—

 
(63
)
 
—

 
(32
)
Undistributed net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders
(7,905
)
 
12,564

 
(22,530
)
 
6,851

Add back: Dividends on common stock
5,038

 
3,064

 
15,107

 
9,041

Distributed and undistributed net income (loss) - basic and diluted
$
(2,867
)
 
$
15,628

 
$
(7,423
)
 
$
15,892

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
—

 
1,960

 
—

 
1,994

Dividends on preferred stock
—

 
994

 
—

 
—

Distributed and undistributed net income (loss) - diluted
$
(2,867
)
 
$
18,582

 
$
(7,423
)
 
$
17,886

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted
31,483

 
25,554

 
30,089

 
27,261

Effect of assumed conversion of operating partnership units
—

 
4,395

 
—

 
4,524

Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock
—

 
3,824

 
—

 
—

Incentive fee shares
—

 
101

 
—

 
102

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
31,483

 
33,874

 
30,089

 
31,887

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) per share - basic and diluted:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders per share
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.61

 
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.58

Income (loss) per share - diluted:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders per share
$
(0.09
)
 
$
0.55

 
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.56


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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Due to their anti-dilutive effect, the computation of diluted income (loss) per share does not reflect the adjustments for the following items (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders is not adjusted for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) allocated to unvested restricted shares
$
75

 
$
75

 
$
200

 
$
66

Income (loss) allocated to unvested performance stock units
85

 
161

 
238

 
88

Income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
(360
)
 
—

 
(958
)
 
—

Dividends on preferred stock
1,707

 
—

 
5,087

 
2,866

Total
$
1,507

 
$
236

 
$
4,567

 
$
3,020

Weighted average diluted shares are not adjusted for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effect of unvested restricted shares
79

 
56

 
81

 
55

Effect of unvested performance stock units
—

 
65

 
—

 
58

Effect of assumed conversion of operating partnership units
4,256

 
—

 
4,256

 
—

Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock
6,569

 
—

 
5,893

 
3,608

Effect of incentive fee shares
132

 
—

 
146

 
—

Total
11,036

 
121

 
10,376

 
3,721

9. Derivative Instruments
Interest Rate Derivatives—We are exposed to risks arising from our business operations, economic conditions and financial markets. To manage these risks, we primarily use interest rate derivatives to hedge our debt and our cash flows. The interest rate derivatives include interest rate caps and interest rate floors, which are subject to master netting settlement arrangements. All derivatives are recorded at fair value.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we entered into interest rate caps with notional amounts totaling $659.5 million and strike rates ranging from 3.00% to 5.35%. These interest rate caps have effective dates from January 2017 to August 2017, maturity dates from March 2018 to September 2019, and a total cost of $347,000. These instruments were not designated as cash flow hedges. We also entered into an interest rate floor with a notional amount and strike rate of $1.6 billion and 1.00%, respectively, which had an effective date of September 2017 and a maturity date of December 2018, for a total cost of $65,000.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, concurrent with the extension of our $80.0 million mortgage loan, we extended our existing interest rate cap with a notional amount of $80.0 million, maturity date of March 2017 and a strike rate of 5.78% for a total cost of $5,000. This instrument was not designated as a cash flow hedge.
As of September 30, 2017, we held interest rate caps with notional amounts totaling $887.5 million and strike rates ranging from 2.00% to 5.43%. These instruments cap the interest rates on our mortgage loans with an aggregate principal balance of $914.1 million and maturity dates from December 2017 to August 2022. These instruments have maturity dates ranging from December 2017 to September 2019. As of September 30, 2017, we held interest rate floors with notional amounts totaling $4.6 billion and strike rates ranging from -0.25% to 1.00%. These instruments have termination dates ranging from March 2019 to July 2020.
Credit Default Swap Derivatives—We use credit default swaps to hedge financial and capital market risk. A credit default swap is a derivative contract that functions like an insurance policy against the credit risk of an entity or obligation. The seller of protection assumes the credit risk of the reference obligation from the buyer (us) of protection in exchange for annual premium payments. If a default or a loss, as defined in the credit default swap agreements, occurs on the underlying bonds, then the buyer of protection is protected against those losses. The only liability for us, the buyer, is the annual premium and any change in value of the underlying CMBX index (if the trade is terminated prior to maturity). For all CMBX trades completed to date, we were the buyer of protection. Credit default swaps are subject to master-netting settlement arrangements and credit support annexes. As of September 30, 2017, we held a credit default swap with a notional amount of $50.0 million, an effective date of August 2017 and an expected maturity date of October 2026. Assuming the underlying bonds pay off at par over their remaining average life, our total exposure for these trades was approximately $2.8 million as of September 30, 2017. Cash collateral is posted by us as well as our counterparties. We offset the fair value of the derivative and the obligation/right to return/reclaim cash collateral. The change in market value of credit default swaps is settled net through posting cash collateral or reclaiming cash collateral between us and our counterparties when such change in market value is over $250,000.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Options on Futures Contracts—During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we purchased options on Eurodollar futures for a total cost of $124,000 and a maturity date of June 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we made no such purchases.
10. Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Hierarchy—Our financial instruments measured at fair value either on a recurring or a non-recurring basis are classified in a hierarchy for disclosure purposes consisting of three levels based on the observability of inputs in the market place as discussed below:
•
Level 1: Fair value measurements that are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that we have the ability to access for identical assets or liabilities. Market price data generally is obtained from exchange or dealer markets.
•
Level 2: Fair value measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
•
Level 3: Fair value measurements based on valuation techniques that use significant inputs that are unobservable. The circumstances for using these measurements include those in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.
The fair value of interest rate caps is determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates rise above the strike rates of the caps. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the caps are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves (LIBOR forward curves) and volatilities (the Level 2 inputs). We also incorporate credit valuation adjustments (the Level 3 inputs) to appropriately reflect both our own non-performance risk and the respective counterparty’s non-performance risk.
Fair value of credit default swaps are obtained from a third party who publishes various information including the index composition and price data (Level 2 inputs). The fair value of credit default swaps does not contain credit-risk-related adjustments as the change in fair value is settled net through posting cash collateral or reclaiming cash collateral between us and our counterparty.
The fair value of interest rate floors is calculated using a third-party discounted cash flow model based on future cash flows that are expected to be received over the remaining life of the floor. These expected future cash flows are probability-weighted projections based on the contract terms, accounting for both the magnitude and likelihood of potential payments, which are both computed using the appropriate LIBOR forward curve and market implied volatilities as of the valuation date (Level 2 inputs).
The fair value of options on futures contracts is determined based on the last reported settlement price as of the measurement date (Level 1 inputs). These exchange-traded options are centrally cleared, and a clearinghouse stands in between all trades to ensure that the obligations involved in the trades are satisfied.
When a majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, when the valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counter-parties, which we consider significant (10% or more) to the overall valuation of our derivatives, the derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Transfers of inputs between levels are determined at the end of each reporting period. In determining the fair values of our derivatives at September 30, 2017, the LIBOR interest rate forward curve (Level 2 inputs) assumed an uptrend from 1.232% to 1.779% for the remaining term of our derivatives. Credit spreads (Level 3 inputs) used in determining the fair values of hedge and non-hedge designated derivatives assumed an uptrend in nonperformance risk for us and all of our counterparties through the maturity dates.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis aggregated by the level within which measurements fall in the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
 
Quoted Market Prices (Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting(1)
 
Total
 
September 30, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate derivatives - floors
$
—

 
$
130

 
$
—

 
$
47

 
$
177

 
Interest rate derivatives - caps
—

 
6

 
—

 
—

 
6

 
Credit default swaps
—

 
512

 
—

 
63

 
575

 
 
—

 
648

 
—

 
110

 
758

(2) 
Non-derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Ashford Inc.
11,810

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
11,810

 
Total
$
11,810

 
$
648

 
$
—

 
$
110

 
$
12,568

 
 
Quoted Market Prices (Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting(1)
 
Total
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate derivatives - floors
$
—

 
$
1,091

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
1,091

 
Options on futures contracts
58

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
58

 
 
58

 
1,091

 
—

 
—

 
1,149

(1) 
Non-derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Ashford Inc.
8,407

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,407

 
Total
$
8,465

 
$
1,091

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
9,556

 
__________________
(1) 
Represents net cash collateral posted between us and our counterparties.
(2) 
Reported as “derivative assets” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Effect of Fair Value Measured Assets and Liabilities on Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
The following table summarizes the effect of fair value measured assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
 
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate derivatives - floors
 
$
(132
)
 
$
(3,911
)
 
$
(1,026
)
 
$
2,336

 
Interest rate derivatives - caps
 
(24
)
 
(2
)
 
(341
)
 
(62
)
 
Credit default swaps (1)
 
(375
)
 
—

 
(375
)
 
—

 
Options on futures contracts
 
—

 
(77
)
 
(58
)
 
(134
)
 
Total derivative assets
 
$
(531
)
 
$
(3,990
)
 
$
(1,800
)
 
$
2,140

 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 


 
Non-derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Ashford Inc.
 
1,875

 
(458
)
 
3,403

 
(1,091
)
 
Total
 
$
1,344

 
$
(4,448
)
 
$
1,603

 
$
1,049

 
Total combined
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate derivatives - floors
 
$
(132
)
 
$
(3,911
)
 
$
(1,026
)
 
$
2,336

 
Interest rate derivatives - caps
 
(24
)
 
(2
)
 
(341
)
 
(62
)
 
Credit default swaps
 
(375
)
 
—

 
(375
)
 
—

 
Options on futures contracts
 
—

 
1

 
213

 
(56
)
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives
 
(531
)
 
(3,912
)
 
(1,529
)
 
2,218

 
Realized gain (loss) on options on futures contracts
 
—

 
(78
)
(2) 
(271
)
(2) 
(78
)
(2) 
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.
 
1,875

 
(458
)
 
3,403

 
(1,091
)
 
Net
 
$
1,344

 
$
(4,448
)
 
$
1,603

 
$
1,049

 
_______________
(1) 
Excludes costs of $22 associated with credit default swaps for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 included in “other income (expense)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(2) 
Included in “other income (expense)” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
11. Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Determining the estimated fair values of certain financial instruments such as notes receivable and indebtedness requires considerable judgment to interpret market data. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. Accordingly, the estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amounts at which these instruments could be purchased, sold or settled.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows (in thousands):
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Ashford Inc.
 
$
11,810

 
$
11,810

 
$
8,407

 
$
8,407

Derivative assets
 
758

 
758

 
1,149

 
1,149

Financial assets not measured at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
126,771

 
$
126,771

 
$
126,790

 
$
126,790

Restricted cash
 
31,609

 
31,609

 
37,855

 
37,855

Accounts receivable, net
 
20,493

 
20,493

 
18,194

 
18,194

Insurance receivable
 
19,037

 
19,037

 
—

 
—

Note receivable
 
8,098

 
8,189 to 9,051

 
8,098

 
8,511 to 9,407

Due from Ashford Trust OP, net
 
—

 
—

 
488

 
488

Due from AQUA U.S. Fund
 
—

 
—

 
2,289

 
2,289

Due from related party, net
 
645

 
645

 
377

 
377

Due from third-party hotel managers
 
7,492

 
7,492

 
7,555

 
7,555

Financial liabilities not measured at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indebtedness
 
$
914,079

 
$863,534 to $954,431

 
$
766,964

 
$ 726,774 to $ 803,276

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
59,912

 
59,912

 
44,791

 
44,791

Dividends and distributions payable
 
8,599

 
8,599

 
5,038

 
5,038

Due to Ashford Inc.
 
1,380

 
1,380

 
5,085

 
5,085

Due to affiliate
 
—

 
—

 
2,500

 
2,500

Due to third-party hotel managers
 
2,633

 
2,633

 
973

 
973

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. These financial assets have maturities of less than 90 days and most bear interest at market rates. The carrying value approximates fair value due to their short-term nature. This is considered a Level 1 valuation technique.
Accounts receivable, net, insurance receivable, due from AQUA U.S. Fund, due from related party, net, accounts payable and accrued expenses, dividends and distributions payable, due to/from Ashford Trust OP, net, due to Ashford Inc., due to affiliate and due to/from third-party hotel managers. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. This is considered a Level 1 valuation technique.
Note receivable. Fair value of the note receivable was determined by using similar loans with similar collateral. Since there is very little to no trading activity, we relied on our internal analysis of what we believe a willing buyer would pay for this note at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. We estimated the fair value of the note receivable to be approximately 1.1% to 11.8% higher than the carrying value of $8.1 million at September 30, 2017 and approximately 5.1% to 16.2% higher than the carrying value of $8.1 million at December 31, 2016. This is considered a Level 2 valuation technique.
Investment in Ashford Inc. Fair value of the investment in Ashford Inc. is based on the quoted closing price on the balance sheet date. This is considered a Level 1 valuation technique.
Derivative assets. Fair value of interest rate derivatives is determined using the net present value of expected cash flows of each derivative based on the market-based interest rate curve and adjusted for credit spreads of us and our counterparties. Fair value of credit default swaps are obtained from a third party who publishes the CMBX index composition and price data. Fair values of interest rate floors are calculated using a third-party discounted cash flow model based on future cash flows that are expected to be received over the remaining life of the floor. Fair value of options on futures contracts are valued at their last reported settlement price as of the measurement date. See notes 2, 9 and 10 for a complete description of the methodology and assumptions utilized in determining fair values.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Indebtedness. Fair value of indebtedness is determined using future cash flows discounted at current replacement rates for these instruments. Cash flows are determined using a forward interest rate yield curve. The current replacement rates are determined by using the U.S. Treasury yield curve or the index to which these financial instruments are tied, and adjusted for the credit spreads. Credit spreads take into consideration general market conditions, maturity and collateral. We estimated the fair value of the total indebtedness to be approximately 94.5% to 104.4% of the carrying value of $914.1 million at September 30, 2017, and approximately 94.8% to 104.7% of the carrying value of $767.0 million at December 31, 2016. This is considered a Level 2 valuation technique.
12. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership represents the limited partners’ proportionate share of equity and their allocable share of equity in earnings/losses of Ashford Prime OP, which is an allocation of net income/loss attributable to the common unitholders based on the weighted average ownership percentage of these limited partners’ common units of limited partnership interest in the operating partnership (“common units”) and units issued under our Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “LTIP units”) that are vested. Beginning one year after issuance, each common unit may be redeemed, by the holder, for either cash or, at our sole discretion, up to one share of our REIT common stock, which is either (i) issued pursuant to an effective registration statement; (ii) included in an effective registration statement providing for the resale of such common stock; or (iii) issued subject to a registration rights agreement.
LTIP units, which are issued to certain executives and employees of Ashford LLC as compensation, have vesting periods of three years. Additionally, certain independent members of the board of directors have elected to receive LTIP units as part of their compensation, which are fully vested upon grant. Upon reaching economic parity with common units, each vested LTIP unit can be converted by the holder into one common unit which can then be redeemed for cash or, at our election, settled in our common stock. An LTIP unit will achieve parity with the common units upon the sale or deemed sale of all or substantially all of the assets of our operating partnership at a time when our stock is trading at a level in excess of the price it was trading on the date of the LTIP issuance. More specifically, LTIP units will achieve full economic parity with common units in connection with (i) the actual sale of all or substantially all of the assets of our operating partnership or (ii) the hypothetical sale of such assets, which results from a capital account revaluation, as defined in the partnership agreement, for our operating partnership.
The compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company approves performance-based LTIP units to certain executive officers from time to time. The award agreements provide for the grant of a target number of performance-based LTIP units that will be settled in common units of the Ashford Prime OP, if and when the applicable vesting criteria have been achieved following the end of the performance and service period. The target number of performance-based LTIP units may be adjusted from 0% to 200% of the target number based on achievement of a specified relative total stockholder return based on the formula determined by the Company’s Compensation Committee on the grant date. As of September 30, 2017, a total of 983,000 performance-based LTIP units representing 200% of the target were issued. The performance criteria for the performance-based LTIP units are based on market conditions under the relevant literature, and the performance-based LTIP units were granted to non-employees.
The unamortized fair value of performance-based LTIP units of $930,000 at September 30, 2017 will be expensed over a period of 2.3 years, subject to future mark to market adjustments. We recorded credits to compensation expense in the amount of $633,000 and $1.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, due to lower fair values as compared to prior periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, this expense was $363,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The related amounts are included in “advisory services fee” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
As of September 30, 2017, we have issued a total of 1.5 million LTIP units (including performance-based LTIP units), all of which, other than approximately 3,000 LTIP units issued in March 2015, 6,000 LTIP units issued in May 2015, 389,000 performance-based LTIP units issued in June 2015, 312,000 performance-based LTIP units issued in October 2016, 141,000 LTIP units issued in April 2017, 281,000 performance-based LTIP units issued in April 2017 and 6,000 LTIP units issued in June 2017, had reached full economic parity with, and are convertible into, common units. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compensation expense of $108,000 and $281,000, respectively, was recorded related to the LTIP units issued to Ashford LLC’s employees. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, this expense was $375,000 and $1.1 million respectively. These amounts are included in “advisory services fee.” Expense of $0 and $64,000 was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and expense of $0 and $44,000 was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, which was related to LTIP units issued to our independent directors. These amounts are included in “corporate general and administrative” expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the unrecognized cost of LTIP units, which was $1.1 million at September 30, 2017, will be amortized over a period of 2.6 years, subject to future mark to market adjustments.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, approximately 0 and 6,000 common units with an aggregate redemption fair value of $0 and $82,000, respectively, were redeemed by the holders and, at our election, we issued shares of our common stock to satisfy the redemption. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, no common units were redeemed.
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in Ashford Prime OP as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, were $45.8 million and $59.5 million, respectively, which represented ownership of our operating partnerships of 11.72% and 13.19%, respectively. The carrying value of redeemable noncontrolling interests as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, included adjustments of $0 and $8.9 million, respectively, to reflect the excess of redemption value over the accumulated historical costs. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we allocated net loss of $360,000 and $958,000 to the redeemable noncontrolling interests, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we allocated net income of $2.0 million and $2.0 million to the redeemable noncontrolling interests, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we declared aggregate cash distributions to holders of common units and holders of LTIP units of $858,000 and $2.5 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we declared aggregate cash distributions to holders of common units and holders of LTIP units of $572,000 and $1.7 million, respectively. These distributions are recorded as a reduction of redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership.
13. Equity and Stock-Based Compensation
Equity Offering—On March 1, 2017, we commenced an underwritten public offering of approximately 5.8 million shares of common stock at $12.15 per share for gross proceeds of $69.9 million. The offering closed on March 7, 2017. The net proceeds from the sale of the shares after underwriting discounts and offering expense were approximately $66.4 million.
Dividends—Common stock dividends declared for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, were $5.2 million and $15.5 million, respectively. Common stock dividends declared for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, were $3.1 million and $9.1 million, respectively.
Performance Stock Units—The compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company approves grants of PSUs to certain executive officers from time to time. The award agreements provide for the grant of a target number of PSUs that will be settled in shares of common stock of the Company, if and when the applicable vesting criteria have been achieved following the end of the performance and service period of three years from the issuance date. The target number of PSUs may be adjusted from 0% to 200% based on achievement of a specified relative total stockholder return based on the formula determined by the Company’s Compensation Committee on the grant date. The performance criteria for the PSUs are based on market conditions under the relevant literature, and the PSUs were granted to non-employees. At September 30, 2017, the outstanding PSUs had a fair value of $1.2 million. We recorded credits to compensation expense in the amount of $669,000 and $1.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, due to lower fair values of the PSUs. We recorded expense of $291,000 and $703,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, These amounts are included in “advisory services fee” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2017, we had unamortized compensation expense of $883,000 related to PSUs which is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.3 years, subject to future mark to market adjustments.
Restricted Stock Units—Stock-based compensation expense of $245,000 and $634,000 was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, in connection with restricted stock units awarded to employees of Ashford LLC and is included in “advisory services fee” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, this expense was $129,000 and $374,000, respectively. There were also restricted stock units granted to certain employees of Remington Lodging, and the associated expenses are recorded as a component of “management fees” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, expense related to such grants was $27,000 and $61,000, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, this expense was $26,000 and $50,000, respectively. In addition, stock-based compensation expense of $0 and $181,000 was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and expense of $50,000 and $227,000 was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, in connection with common stock issued to our independent directors, which vested immediately, and is included in “corporate general and administrative” expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. At September 30, 2017, the outstanding restricted shares had a fair value of $4.5 million. At September 30, 2017, the unamortized cost of the unvested shares of restricted stock was $3.5 million, which will be expensed over a period of 4.1 years, subject to future mark to market adjustments, and have vesting dates between February 2018 and November 2021.

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


Stock Repurchases—On October 27, 2014, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company may purchase up to $100 million of the Company’s common stock from time to time. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The specific timing, manner, price, amount and other terms of the repurchases is at management’s discretion and depends on market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements and other factors. The Company is not required to repurchase shares under the repurchase program, and may modify, suspend or terminate the repurchase program at any time for any reason. On April 8, 2016, our board of directors authorized utilizing up to $50 million to repurchase common stock. No shares were repurchased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, pursuant to this authorization. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, we repurchased 630,000 shares of our common stock for approximately $9.0 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we repurchased 2.9 million shares of our common stock for approximately $39.0 million. As of September 30, 2017, we have purchased a cumulative 4.3 million shares of our common stock, for approximately $63.2 million, since the program’s inception on November 4, 2014.
Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Entities—A partner had noncontrolling ownership interests of 25% in two hotel properties with a total carrying value of $(5.3) million and $(5.4) million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Our ownership interest is reported in equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities were allocated net income of $1.1 million and $2.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and allocated income of $2.5 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively.
14. 5.5% Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock
Each share of our 5.5% Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into a number of whole shares of common stock at an initial conversion price of $18.90 (which represents an initial conversion rate of 1.3228 shares of our common stock, subject to certain adjustments). The Series B Preferred Stock is also subject to conversion upon certain events constituting a change of control. Holders of the Series B Preferred Stock have no voting rights, subject to certain exceptions.
The Company may, at its option, cause the Series B Preferred Stock to be converted in whole or in part, on a pro-rata basis, into fully paid and nonassessable shares of the Company’s common stock at the conversion price, provided that the “Closing Bid Price” (as defined in the Articles Supplementary) of the Company’s common stock shall have equaled or exceeded 110% of the conversion price for the immediately preceding 45 consecutive trading days ending three days prior to the date of notice of conversion. In the event of such mandatory conversion, the Company shall pay holders of the Series B Preferred Stock any additional dividend payment to make the holder whole on dividends expected to be received through June 11, 2019, in an amount equal to the net present value, where the discount rate is the dividend rate on the Series B Preferred Stock, of the difference between (i) the annual dividend payments the holders of Series B Preferred Stock would have received in cash from the date of the mandatory conversion to June 11, 2019, and (ii) the common stock quarterly dividend payments the holders of Series B Preferred Stock would have received over the same time period had such holders held common stock.
On April 26, 2016, in connection with a previously announced required public offering, we issued 290,850 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock at $17.24 per share for gross proceeds of $5.0 million. The Series B Preferred Stock offering includes accrued and unpaid dividends since April 15, 2016. The offering closed on April 29, 2016. The net proceeds, after deducting underwriting discounts, advisory fees, commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by the company, were approximately $4.2 million. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock accrue at a rate of 5.50% on the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share.
On March 7, 2017, we closed an offering of approximately 2.0 million shares of our Series B Preferred Stock at $20.19 per share for gross proceeds of $39.9 million. The net proceeds to us, after underwriting discounts and offering expenses were approximately $38.2 million. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock accrue at a rate of 5.50% on the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. On March 31, 2017, the underwriters partially exercised their over-allotment option and purchased an additional 100,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock, which closed on April 5, 2017. The net proceeds from the partial exercise of the over-allotment option after underwriting discounts were approximately $1.9 million.
At September 30, 2017, we had 5.0 million outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock which do not meet the requirements for permanent equity classification prescribed by the authoritative guidance because these contain certain cash redemption features that are outside our control. As such, the Series B Preferred Stock is classified outside of permanent equity.
The Series B Preferred Stock dividend for all issued and outstanding shares is set at $1.375 per annum per share. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we declared dividends of $1.7 million and $5.1 million respectively, with respect to

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


shares of Series B Preferred Stock. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we declared dividends of $994,000 and $2.9 million, respectively, with respect to shares of Series B Preferred Stock.
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Restricted Cash—Under certain management and debt agreements for our hotel properties existing at September 30, 2017, escrow payments are required for insurance, real estate taxes and debt service. In addition, for certain properties based on the terms of the underlying debt and management agreements, we escrow 4% to 5% of gross revenues for capital improvements.
Management Fees—Under management agreements for our hotel properties existing at September 30, 2017, we pay a) monthly property management fees equal to the greater of $10,000 (CPI adjusted since 2003) or 3% of gross revenues, or in some cases 3% to 7% of gross revenues, as well as annual incentive management fees, if applicable, b) project management fees of up to 4% of project costs, c) market service fees including purchasing, design and construction management not to exceed 16.5% of project management budget cumulatively, including project management fees, and d) other general fees at current market rates as approved by our independent directors, if required. These management agreements expire from December 2019 through December 2065, with renewal options. If we terminate a management agreement prior to its expiration, we may be liable for estimated management fees through the remaining term, liquidated damages or, in certain circumstances, we may substitute a new management agreement.
Income Taxes—We and our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the federal jurisdiction and various states. Tax years 2013 through 2016 remain subject to potential examination by certain federal and state taxing authorities.
Litigation—Jesse Small v. Monty J. Bennett, et al., Case No. 24-C-16006020 (Md. Cir. Ct.) On November 16, 2016, Jesse Small, a purported shareholder of Ashford Prime, commenced a derivative action in Maryland Circuit Court for Baltimore City asserting causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, and declaratory relief against the members of the Ashford Prime board of directors, David Brooks (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”), Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC. Ashford Prime is named as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleges that the Individual Defendants breached their fiduciary duties to Ashford Prime by negotiating and approving the termination fee provision set forth in Ashford Prime’s advisory agreement with Ashford LLC, that Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC aided and abetted the Individual Defendants’ fiduciary duty breaches, and that the Ashford Prime board of directors committed corporate waste in connection with Ashford Prime’s purchase of 175,000 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock. The complaint seeks monetary damages and declaratory and injunctive relief, including a declaration that the termination fee provision is unenforceable. The defendants filed motions to dismiss the complaint on March 24, 2017. On June 6, 2017, the plaintiff notified the court that the plaintiff intends to dismiss the action as moot and seek a mootness fee and costs. On July 25, 2017, the action was dismissed with prejudice as to the plaintiff. A hearing on the plaintiff’s fee petition was held on October 25, 2017. A ruling from the court is currently pending. It is not possible to accurately predict the outcome of this remaining action or the range of any potential loss.
We are engaged in other various legal proceedings which have arisen but have not been fully adjudicated. The likelihood of loss from these legal proceedings, based on definitions within contingency accounting literature, ranges from remote to reasonably possible and to probable. Based on estimates of the range of potential losses associated with these matters, management does not believe the ultimate resolution of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, the final results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and if we fail to prevail in one or more of these legal matters, and the associated realized losses exceed our current estimates of the range of potential losses, our consolidated financial position or results of operations could be materially adversely affected in future periods.
16. Segment Reporting
We operate in one business segment within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments. Direct hotel investments refer to owning hotel properties through either acquisition or new development. We report operating results of direct hotel investments on an aggregate basis as substantially all of our hotel investments have similar economic characteristics and exhibit similar long-term financial performance. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, all of our hotel properties were in the U.S. and its territories.
17. Related Party Transactions
Ashford LLC, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., acts as our advisor, and as a result, we pay advisory fees to Ashford LLC. We are required to pay Ashford LLC a monthly base fee that is 0.70% of our total market capitalization plus the Key Money Asset Management Fee (defined in our advisory agreement as the aggregate gross asset value of all key money assets multiplied by

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


0.70%), subject to a minimum monthly base fee, as payment for managing our day-to-day operations in accordance with our investment guidelines. Total market capitalization includes the aggregate principal amount of our consolidated indebtedness (including our proportionate share of debt of any entity that is not consolidated but excluding our joint venture partners’ proportionate share of consolidated debt). We are also required to pay Ashford LLC an incentive fee that is earned annually by Ashford LLC in each year that our annual total stockholder return exceeds the average annual total stockholder return for our peer group, subject to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (“FCCR”) Condition, as defined in the advisory agreement. We also reimburse Ashford LLC for certain reimbursable overhead and internal audit, insurance claims advisory and asset management services, as specified in the advisory agreement. We also record equity-based compensation expense for equity grants of common stock and LTIP units awarded to our officers and employees of Ashford LLC in connection with providing advisory services equal to the fair value of the award in proportion to the requisite service period satisfied during the period.
On January 24, 2017, we entered into an amended and restated advisory agreement with Ashford Inc. (the “Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement”) that amends and restates our advisory agreement discussed herein. On June 9, 2017, our stockholders approved the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement which became effective on June 21, 2017. The material terms of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement include:
•
we made a cash payment to Ashford LLC of $5.0 million on June 21, 2017, which is included in “contract modification cost” on our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, at which time the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement became effective;
•
the termination fee payable to Ashford LLC has been amended by eliminating the 1.1x multiplier and tax gross up components of the fee;
•
Ashford Inc. will disclose publicly the revenues and expenses used to calculate “Net Earnings” on a quarterly basis which is used to calculate the termination fee; Ashford LLC will retain an accounting firm to provide a quarterly report to us on the reasonableness of Ashford LLC’s determination of expenses, which will be binding on the parties;
•
the right of Ashford LLC to appoint a “Designated CEO” has been eliminated;
•
the right of Ashford LLC to terminate the advisory agreement due to a change in a majority of the “Company Incumbent Board” (as defined in the current advisory agreement) has been eliminated;
•
we will be incentivized to grow our assets under a “growth covenant” in the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement under which we will receive a deemed credit against a base amount of $45.0 million for: 3.75% of the total purchase price of each hotel acquired after the date of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement that was recommended by Ashford LLC, netted against 3.75% of the total sale price of each hotel sold after the date of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. The difference between $45.0 million and such net credit, if any, is referred to as the “Uninvested Amount.” If the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement is terminated, other than due to certain acts by Ashford LLC, we must pay Ashford LLC the Uninvested Amount, in addition to any termination fee payable under the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement;
•
the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement requires us to maintain a net worth of not less than $390 million plus 75% of the equity proceeds from the sale of securities by us after December 31, 2016 and a covenant prohibiting us from paying dividends except as required to maintain our REIT status if paying the dividend would reduce our net worth below the required minimum net worth;
•
the initial term of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement ends on the 10th anniversary of its effective date, subject to renewal by Ashford LLC for up to seven additional successive 10-year terms;
•
the base management fee payable to Ashford LLC will be fixed at 0.70%, and the fee will be payable on a monthly basis;
•
reimbursements of expenses to Ashford LLC will be made monthly in advance, based on an annual expense budget, with a quarterly true-up for actual expenses;
•
our right to terminate the advisory agreement due to a change of control of Ashford LLC has been eliminated;
•
our rights to terminate the advisory agreement at the end of each term upon payment of the termination fee based on the parties being unable to agree on new market-based fees or advisor’s performance have been eliminated; however, the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement provides a mechanism for the parties to renegotiate the fees payable to Ashford LLC at the end of each term based on then prevailing market conditions, subject to floors and caps on the changes;
•
if a Change of Control (as defined in the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement) is pending, we have agreed to deposit not less than 50%, and in certain cases 100%, of the applicable termination fee in escrow, with the payment of any remaining amounts owed to Ashford LLC secured by a letter of credit and/or first priority lien on certain assets;

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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)


•
our ability to terminate the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement due to a material default by Ashford LLC is limited to instances where a court finally determines that the default had a material adverse effect on us and Ashford LLC fails to pay monetary damages in accordance with the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement; and
•
if we repudiate the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement through actions or omissions that constitute a repudiation as determined by a final non-appealable order from a court of competent jurisdiction, we will be liable to Ashford LLC for a liquidated damages amount.
The following table summarizes the advisory services fee incurred (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Advisory services fee
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Base advisory fee
 
$
2,300

 
$
2,103

 
$
6,579

 
$
6,334

Reimbursable expenses (1)
 
462

 
730

 
1,541

 
2,027

Equity-based compensation (2) 
 
(948
)
 
1,134

 
(2,298
)
 
3,220

Incentive fee
 
—

 
487

 
—

 
772

Total
 
$
1,814

 
$
4,454

 
$
5,822

 
$
12,353

________
(1) 
Reimbursable expenses include overhead, internal audit, insurance claims advisory and asset management services.
(2) 
Equity-based compensation is associated with equity grants of Ashford Prime’s common stock, PSUs, LTIP units and Performance LTIP units awarded to officers and employees of Ashford LLC.
At December 31, 2016, the balance in “due from Ashford Trust OP, net,” of $488,000 was associated with certain expenses. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the balance in “due to Ashford Inc.,” which is primarily associated with advisory services fee payable, was $1.4 million and $5.1 million, respectively. In addition, at December 31, 2016, we held a receivable from the AQUA U.S. Fund of $2.3 million, associated with the hold back from the AQUA U.S. Fund, of which the funds were received during the first quarter of 2017. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we incurred debt placement fees of $225,000 for services provided by a subsidiary of Ashford Inc. These costs are capitalized as deferred loan costs and presented as a reduction of indebtedness. See note 7.
Certain employees of Remington Lodging, who perform work on behalf of Ashford Prime, were granted approximately 22,000 and 22,000 shares of restricted stock under the Ashford Prime Stock Plan in 2016 and 2017, respectively. These share grants were accounted for under the applicable accounting guidance related to share-based payments granted to non-employees and are recorded as a component of “management fees” in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, expense related to such grants was $27,000 and $61,000. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, this expense was $26,000 and $50,000, respectively. The unamortized fair value of these grants was $259,000 as of September 30, 2017, which will be amortized over a period of 2.5 years.
18. Subsequent Event
On October 10, 2017, we received a firm commitment from a buyer, and on November 1, 2017, we completed the sale of the 404-room Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center for $104.0 million in cash. The carrying value of the land, building and furniture, fixtures and equipment was approximately $78.7 million at September 30, 2017. We repaid approximately $85.0 million on the mortgage loan that was previously secured in part by the hotel property.


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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise indicates, the references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “Ashford Prime” refer to Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and, as the context may require, its consolidated subsidiaries, including Ashford Hospitality Prime Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership, which we refer to as “our operating partnership” or “Ashford Prime OP.” “Ashford Trust” or “AHT” refers to Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and, as the context may require, its consolidated subsidiaries, including Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership and Ashford Trust’s operating partnership, which we refer to as “Ashford Trust OP.” “Ashford LLC” refers to Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ashford Inc. “Remington Lodging” refers to Remington Lodging and Hospitality LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, a property management company owned by Mr. Monty J. Bennett, chairman of our board of directors, and his father, Mr. Archie Bennett, Jr., chairman emeritus of Ashford Trust. “Our TRSs” refers to our taxable REIT subsidiaries, including Ashford Prime TRS Corporation, a Delaware corporation, which we refer to as “Ashford Prime TRS,” and its subsidiaries, together with the two taxable REIT subsidiaries that lease our two hotels held in a consolidated joint venture and are wholly-owned by the joint venture and the U.S. Virgin Islands’ (“USVI”) taxable REIT subsidiary that owns the Ritz-Carlton St. Thomas hotel.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains registered trademarks that are the exclusive property of their respective owners, which are companies other than us, including Marriott International®, Hilton Worldwide®, Sofitel®, Hyatt® and Accor®.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Throughout this Form 10-Q, we make forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximately,” “believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” or other similar words or expressions. Additionally, statements regarding the following subjects are forward-looking by their nature: 
•
our business and investment strategy;
•
our projected operating results and dividend rates;
•
our ability to obtain future financing arrangements;
•
our understanding of our competition;
•
market trends;
•
projected capital expenditures;
•
anticipated acquisitions or dispositions; and
•
the impact of technology on our operations and business.
Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions, discuss future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, contain financial and operating projections or state other forward looking information. Our ability to predict results or the actual effect of future events, actions, plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, taking into account all information currently available to us, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth in our forward-looking statements. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
•
factors discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 28, 2017 and amended on March 16, 2017 (the “2016 10-K”), including those set forth under the sections titled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Business,” and “Properties,” as updated in our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q;
•
general volatility of the capital markets, the general economy or the hospitality industry, whether the result of market events or otherwise;
•
our ability to deploy capital and raise additional capital at reasonable costs to repay debts, invest in our properties and fund future acquisitions;
•
unanticipated increases in financing and other costs, including a rise in interest rates;
•
the degree and nature of our competition;
•
actual and potential conflicts of interest with Ashford Trust, Ashford LLC, Ashford Inc., Remington Lodging, our executive officers and our non-independent directors;
•
changes in personnel of Ashford LLC or the lack of availability of qualified personnel;
•
changes in governmental regulations, accounting rules, tax rates and similar matters;

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•
legislative and regulatory changes, including changes to the Internal Revenue Code and related rules, regulations and interpretations governing the taxation of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); and
•
limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the matters summarized under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our 2016 10-K and any subsequent updates to this disclosure in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and the discussion in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, could cause our actual results and performance to differ significantly from those contained in our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee future results or performance. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect our views as of the date of this Form 10-Q. Furthermore, we do not intend to update any of our forward-looking statements after the date of this Form 10-Q to conform these statements to actual results and performance, except as may be required by applicable law.
Overview
We are a Maryland corporation formed in April 2013. We became a public company on November 19, 2013 when Ashford Trust, a NYSE-listed REIT, completed the spin-off of our company through the distribution of our outstanding common stock to the Ashford Trust stockholders. We invest primarily in high revenue per available room (“RevPAR”), luxury hotels and resorts. High RevPAR, for purposes of our investment strategy, means RevPAR of at least twice the then-current U.S. national average RevPAR for all hotels as determined by Smith Travel Research. Two times the U.S. national average was $162 for the year ended December 31, 2016. We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code beginning in the year ended December 31, 2013. We conduct our business and own substantially all of our assets through our operating partnership, Ashford Prime OP.
We operate in the direct hotel investment segment of the hotel lodging industry. As of November 6, 2017, we own interests in twelve hotel properties in six states, the District of Columbia and St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands with 3,574 total rooms, or 3,339 net rooms, excluding those attributable to our joint venture partner. The hotel properties in our current portfolio are predominantly located in U.S. urban markets and resort locations with favorable growth characteristics resulting from multiple demand generators. We own ten of our hotel properties directly, and the remaining two hotel properties through an investment in a majority-owned consolidated entity.
We are advised by Ashford LLC, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., through an advisory agreement. All of the hotel properties in our portfolio are currently asset-managed by Ashford LLC. We do not have any employees. All of the services that might be provided by employees are provided to us by Ashford LLC.
Pursuant to the termination provisions of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, the revenues and expenses used to calculate Net Earnings (as defined) for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017, are as follows (in thousands):
Revenues
$
11,263

Expenses
2,762

Net Earnings
$
8,501

Recent Developments
On January 18, 2017, the Company refinanced three mortgage loans with existing outstanding balances totaling approximately $333.7 million. The previous mortgage loans that were refinanced had final maturity dates in April 2017. The new mortgage loan totals $365.0 million and has a stated maturity of February 2019 with five one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.58%. The mortgage loan is secured by five hotel properties: Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Tampa Renaissance, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown and Philadelphia Courtyard Downtown.
On January 24, 2017, the Company announced refinements to its strategy in an effort to enhance shareholder value. The refinements, which have been unanimously endorsed by the Board of Directors, include the following:
•
Focused Portfolio: Going forward, the Company's portfolio will be predominantly focused on investing in the luxury chain scale segment. Empirical evidence has shown the luxury segment has had greater RevPAR growth over the long term. The Company will continue to target acquisitions of hotels with a RevPAR of at least 2.0x the national average. As a result, four hotel properties have been designated as non-core to the portfolio, including the Courtyard Philadelphia Downtown Hotel, Courtyard San Francisco Downtown Hotel, Renaissance Tampa Hotel and Marriott Legacy Center Hotel in Plano, Texas. To date, the Company has sold the Marriott Legacy Center Hotel, announced plans to convert the

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Courtyard Philadelphia Downtown Hotel and the Courtyard San Francisco Downtown to Autograph Collection properties and listed the Renaissance Tampa Hotel for sale. The Company will also simultaneously pursue new acquisitions in order to grow the portfolio consistent with its stated strategy. Luxury hotels have proven to have superior long-term RevPAR growth versus other chain scales, and the Company believes its exclusive focus of investing in luxury hotels should generate attractive returns for its shareholders.
•
Increased Dividend: The Company's 2017 dividend policy will be amended commencing with the first quarter by increasing the expected quarterly cash dividend for the Company's common stock by 33%, from $0.12 per diluted share to $0.16 per diluted share. This equates to an annual rate of $0.64 per diluted share, representing a 4.5% yield based on the Company's closing stock price on January 23, 2017;
•
Reaffirming Conservative Leverage: The Company will continue to target conservative leverage, with a target leverage level of 45% net debt to gross assets;
•
Strong Liquidity: The Company will continue to focus on having access to liquidity for both opportunistic investments and as a hedge against economic uncertainty. The Company will target holding 10-15% of its gross debt balance in cash.
On January 24, 2017, we entered into the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement with Ashford Inc. that amends and restates our advisory agreement discussed herein. On June 9, 2017, we held our annual meeting of stockholders, at which our stockholders approved the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. The material terms of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement include:
•
we made a cash payment to Ashford LLC of $5.0 million on June 21, 2017 at which time the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement became effective;
•
the termination fee payable to Ashford LLC has been amended by eliminating the 1.1x multiplier and tax gross up components of the fee;
•
Ashford Inc. will disclose publicly the revenues and expenses used to calculate “Net Earnings” on a quarterly basis which is used to calculate the termination fee; Ashford LLC will retain an accounting firm to provide a quarterly report to us on the reasonableness of Ashford LLC’s determination of expenses, which will be binding on the parties;
•
the right of Ashford LLC to appoint a “Designated CEO” has been eliminated;
•
the right of Ashford LLC to terminate the advisory agreement due to a change in a majority of the “Company Incumbent Board” (as defined in the current advisory agreement) has been eliminated;
•
we will be incentivized to grow our assets under a “growth covenant” in the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement under which we will receive a deemed credit against a base amount of $45.0 million for: 3.75% of the total purchase price of each hotel acquired after the date of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement that was recommended by Ashford LLC, netted against 3.75% of the total sale price of each hotel sold after the date of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. The difference between $45.0 million and such net credit, if any, is referred to as the “Uninvested Amount.” If the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement is terminated, other than due to certain acts by Ashford LLC, we must pay Ashford LLC the Uninvested Amount, in addition to any termination fee payable under the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement;
•
the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement requires us to maintain a net worth of not less than $390 million plus 75% of the equity proceeds from the sale of securities by us after December 31, 2016 and a covenant prohibiting us from paying dividends except as required to maintain our REIT status if paying the dividend would reduce our net worth below the required minimum net worth;
•
the initial term of the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement ends on the 10th anniversary of its effective date, subject to renewal by Ashford LLC for up to seven additional successive 10-year terms;
•
the base management fee payable to Ashford LLC will be fixed at 0.70%, and the fee will be payable on a monthly basis;
•
reimbursements of expenses to Ashford LLC will be made monthly in advance, based on an annual expense budget, with a quarterly true-up for actual expenses;
•
our right to terminate the advisory agreement due to a change of control of Ashford LLC has been eliminated;
•
our rights to terminate the advisory agreement at the end of each term upon payment of the termination fee based on the parties being unable to agree on new market-based fees or advisor’s performance have been eliminated; however, the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement provides a mechanism for the parties to renegotiate the fees payable to Ashford LLC at the end of each term based on then prevailing market conditions, subject to floors and caps on the changes;
•
if a Change of Control (as defined in the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement) is pending, we have agreed to deposit not less than 50%, and in certain cases 100%, of the applicable termination fee in escrow, with the payment of any remaining amounts owed to Ashford LLC secured by a letter of credit and/or first priority lien on certain assets;

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•
our ability to terminate the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement due to a material default by Ashford LLC is limited to instances where a court finally determines that the default had a material adverse effect on us and Ashford LLC fails to pay monetary damages in accordance with the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement; and
•
if we repudiate the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement through actions or omissions that constitute a repudiation as determined by a final non-appealable order from a court of competent jurisdiction, we will be liable to Ashford LLC for a liquidated damages amount.
On March 1, 2017, we commenced an underwritten public offering of approximately 5.8 million shares of our common stock at $12.15 per share for gross proceeds of $69.9 million. The offering closed on March 7, 2017. The net proceeds from the sale of the shares after underwriting discounts and offering expenses were approximately $66.4 million.
On March 7, 2017, we closed an offering of approximately 2.0 million shares of our 5.5% Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) at $20.19 per share for gross proceeds of $39.9 million. The net proceeds, after underwriting discounts and offering expenses were approximately $38.2 million. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock accrue at a rate of 5.50% on the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. On March 31, 2017, the underwriters partially exercised their over-allotment option and purchased an additional 100,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock, which closed on April 5, 2017. The net proceeds from the partially exercised over-allotment after underwriting discounts were approximately $1.9 million.
On March 31, 2017, we acquired a 100% interest in the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa in Beaver Creek, Colorado for total consideration of $145.5 million. Concurrent with the closing of the acquisition, we completed the financing of a $67.5 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.75%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is April 2019, with three one-year extension options. The mortgage loan is secured by the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek.
On April 27, 2017, Mr. Douglas A. Kessler resigned from the Board of Directors of Ashford Prime and no longer is President of Ashford Prime as a result of being appointed Chief Executive Officer of Ashford Trust.
On May 11, 2017, we acquired a 100% interest in Hotel Yountville in Yountville, California for total consideration of $96.5 million. Concurrent with the closing of the acquisition, we completed the financing of a $51.0 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is May 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by Hotel Yountville.
On June 20, 2017, we announced that we have entered into an agreement with Marriott to convert the Philadelphia Courtyard to an Autograph Collection property.
On August 18, 2017, we refinanced our existing $40.0 million mortgage loan with a final maturity date in December 2020 with a new $40.0 million mortgage loan that is interest only, provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55% and a stated maturity date of August 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by the Bardessono Hotel.
On October 10, 2017, we received a firm commitment from a buyer, and on November 1, 2017, we completed the sale of the 404-room Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center for $104.0 million in cash. We repaid approximately $85.0 million on the mortgage loan that was previously secured in part by the hotel property.
On November 1, 2017, we announced plans to convert the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown to an Autograph Collection property and that we listed the Tampa Renaissance for sale.
Key Indicators of Operating Performance
We use a variety of operating and other information to evaluate the operating performance of our business. These key indicators include financial information that is prepared in accordance with GAAP as well as other financial measures that are non-GAAP measures. In addition, we use other information that may not be financial in nature, including statistical information and comparative data. We use this information to measure the operating performance of our individual hotels, groups of hotels and/or business as a whole. We also use these metrics to evaluate the hotels in our portfolio and potential acquisitions to determine each hotel’s contribution to cash flow and its potential to provide attractive long-term total returns. These key indicators include:
•
Occupancy-Occupancy means the total number of hotel rooms sold in a given period divided by the total number of rooms available. Occupancy measures the utilization of our hotels’ available capacity. We use occupancy to measure demand at a specific hotel or group of hotels in a given period.
•
ADR-ADR means average daily rate and is calculated by dividing total hotel rooms revenues by total number of rooms sold in a given period. ADR measures average room price attained by a hotel and ADR trends provide useful information concerning the pricing environment and the nature of the customer base of a hotel or group of hotels. We use ADR to assess the pricing levels that we are able to generate.

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•
RevPAR-RevPAR means revenue per available room and is calculated by multiplying ADR by the average daily occupancy. RevPAR is one of the commonly used measures within the hotel industry to evaluate hotel operations. RevPAR does not include revenues from food and beverage sales or parking, telephone or other non-rooms revenues generated by the property. Although RevPAR does not include these ancillary revenues, it is generally considered the leading indicator of core revenues for many hotels. We also use RevPAR to compare the results of our hotels between periods and to analyze results of our comparable hotels (comparable hotels represent hotels we have owned for the entire period). RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in occupancy are generally accompanied by increases in most categories of variable operating costs. RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in ADR are generally accompanied by increases in limited categories of operating costs, such as management fees and franchise fees.
RevPAR changes that are primarily driven by changes in occupancy have different implications for overall revenues and profitability than changes that are driven primarily by changes in ADR. For example, an increase in occupancy at a hotel would lead to additional variable operating costs (including housekeeping services, utilities and room supplies) and could also result in increased other operating department revenue and expense. Changes in ADR typically have a greater impact on operating margins and profitability as they do not have a substantial effect on variable operating costs.
Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR are commonly used measures within the lodging industry to evaluate operating performance. RevPAR is an important statistic for monitoring operating performance at the individual hotel level and across our entire business. We evaluate individual hotel RevPAR performance on an absolute basis with comparisons to budget and prior periods, as well as on a regional and company-wide basis. ADR and RevPAR include only rooms revenue. Rooms revenue comprised approximately 71.6% and 69.8% of our total hotel revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and is dictated by demand (as measured by occupancy), pricing (as measured by ADR) and our available supply of hotel rooms.
We also use funds from operations (“FFO”), Adjusted FFO (“AFFO”), earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) and Adjusted EBITDA as measures of the operating performance of our business. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for operating expenses and other expenditures directly associated with our hotels, including:
•
advisory fees payable to Ashford LLC;
•
recurring maintenance necessary to maintain our hotel properties in accordance with brand standards;
•
interest expense and scheduled principal payments on outstanding indebtedness, including our secured revolving credit facility (see “Contractual Obligations and Commitments”);
•
distributions, in the form of dividends on our common stock, necessary to qualify for taxation as a REIT;
•
dividends on preferred stock; and
•
capital expenditures to improve our hotels.
We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements generally through net cash provided by operations, existing cash balances and, if necessary, short-term borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility.
Our long-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for the costs of acquiring additional hotel properties and redevelopments, renovations, expansions and other capital expenditures that need to be made periodically with respect to our hotel properties and scheduled debt payments. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements through various sources of capital, including our secured revolving credit facility and future equity and preferred equity issuances, existing working capital, net cash provided by operations, proceeds from insurance claims, hotel mortgage indebtedness and other secured and unsecured borrowings. However, there are a number of factors that may have a material adverse effect on our ability to access these capital sources, including the state of overall equity and credit markets, our degree of leverage, our unencumbered asset base and borrowing restrictions imposed by lenders (including as a result of any failure to comply with financial covenants in our existing and future indebtedness), general market conditions for REITs, our operating performance and liquidity and market perceptions about us. The success of our business strategy will depend, in part, on our ability to access these various capital sources.
Our hotel properties will require periodic capital expenditures and renovation to remain competitive. In addition, acquisitions, redevelopments or expansions of hotel properties may require significant capital outlays. We may not be able to fund such capital improvements solely from net cash provided by operations because we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deductions for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, to qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT, and we are subject to tax on any retained income and gains. As a result, our ability to fund capital expenditures, acquisitions or hotel redevelopment through retained earnings is very limited. Consequently, we expect to rely

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heavily upon the availability of debt or equity capital for these purposes. If we are unable to obtain the necessary capital on favorable terms, or at all, our financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Certain of our loan agreements contain cash trap provisions that may be triggered if the performance of our hotel properties decline. When these provisions are triggered, substantially all of the profit generated by the hotel properties securing such loan is deposited directly into lockbox accounts and then swept into cash management accounts for the benefit of our various lenders. Cash is distributed to us only after certain items are paid, including deposits into ground lease and maintenance reserves and the payment of debt service, insurance, taxes, operating expenses, and extraordinary capital expenditures and ground lease expenses. This could affect our liquidity and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders until such time that a cash trap is no longer in effect for such loan.
On October 27, 2014, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company may purchase up to $100 million of the Company’s common stock from time to time. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The specific timing, manner, price, amount and other terms of the repurchases are at management’s discretion and depend on market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements and other factors. The Company is not required to repurchase shares under the repurchase program, and may modify, suspend or terminate the repurchase program at any time for any reason. On April 8, 2016, our board of directors authorized utilizing up to $50 million to repurchase common stock. No shares were repurchased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, pursuant to this authorization. As of November 6, 2017, we have purchased a cumulative 4.3 million shares of our common stock, for approximately $63.2 million, since the program’s inception on November 4, 2014.
On January 18, 2017, the Company refinanced three mortgage loans with existing outstanding balances totaling approximately $333.7 million. The previous mortgage loans that were refinanced had final maturity dates in April 2017. The new mortgage loan totals $365.0 million and has a stated maturity of February 2019 with five one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.58%. The mortgage loan is secured by five hotel properties: Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Tampa Renaissance, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown and Philadelphia Courtyard Downtown.
On March 1, 2017, we commenced an underwritten public offering of approximately 5.8 million shares of our common stock at $12.15 per share for gross proceeds of $69.9 million. The offering closed on March 7, 2017. The net proceeds from the sale of the shares after underwriting discounts and offering expense were approximately $66.4 million.
On March 7, 2017, we closed an offering of approximately 2.0 million shares of our Series B Preferred Stock at $20.19 per share for gross proceeds of $39.9 million. The net proceeds, after underwriting discounts and offering expenses were approximately $38.2 million. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock accrue at a rate of 5.50% on the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. On March 31, 2017, the underwriters partially exercised their over-allotment option and purchased an additional 100,000 shares of the Series B Preferred Stock, which closed on April 5, 2017. The net proceeds from the partial exercise of the over-allotment option after underwriting discounts were approximately $1.9 million.
On March 31, 2017, in connection with the acquisition of Park Hyatt Beaver Creek, we completed the financing of a $67.5 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.75%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is April 2019, with three one-year extension options. The mortgage loan is secured by the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek.
On May 11, 2017, in connection with the acquisition of Hotel Yountville, we completed the financing of a $51.0 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55%. The stated maturity date of the mortgage loan is May 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by the Hotel Yountville.
On August 18, 2017, we refinanced our existing $40.0 million mortgage loan with a final maturity date in December 2020 with a new $40.0 million mortgage loan that is interest only, provides for a floating interest rate of LIBOR + 2.55% and a stated maturity date of August 2022. The mortgage loan is secured by the Bardessono Hotel.
On October 10, 2017, we received a firm commitment from a buyer, and on November 1, 2017, we completed the sale of the 404-room Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center for $104.0 million in cash. We repaid approximately $85.0 million on the mortgage loan that was previously secured in part by the hotel property.

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Secured Revolving Credit Facility
We have a three-year, senior secured revolving credit facility in the amount of $100 million. It includes $15 million available in letters of credit and $15 million available in swingline loans. We believe the secured revolving credit facility will provide us with significant financial flexibility to fund future acquisitions and hotel redevelopments.
The secured credit facility is provided by a syndicate of financial institutions with Bank of America, N.A., serving as the administrative agent to Ashford Prime OP, as the borrower. We and certain of our subsidiaries guarantee the secured revolving credit facility, which is secured by a pledge of 100% of the equity interests we hold in Ashford Prime OP and 100% of the equity interest issued by any guarantor (other than Ashford Prime) or any other subsidiary of ours that is not restricted under its loan documents or organizational documents from having its equity pledged (subject to certain exclusions), all mortgage receivables held by the borrower or any guarantor, and certain deposit accounts and securities accounts held by the borrower and any guarantor. The proceeds of the secured revolving credit facility may be used for working capital, capital expenditures, property acquisitions, and any other lawful purposes.
The secured revolving credit facility also contains customary terms, covenants, negative covenants, events of default, limitations and other conditions for credit facilities of this type. Subject to certain exceptions, we are subject to restrictions on incurring additional indebtedness, mergers and fundamental changes, sales or other dispositions of property, changes in the nature of our business, investments, and capital expenditures.
We also are subject to certain financial covenants, as set forth below, which are tested by the borrower on a consolidated basis (net of the amounts attributable to the non-controlling interest held by our partner in a majority-owned consolidated entity) and include, but are not limited to, the following:
•
Consolidated indebtedness (less cash and cash equivalents and amounts represented by marketable securities) to EBITDA not to exceed 6.00x initially, with such ratio being reduced beginning October 1, 2017 to 5.75x and beginning October 1, 2019 to 5.50x. Our ratio was 5.97x at September 30, 2017. The credit facility agreement allows for the ability to exceed such ratio by 0.5x for three quarters following a significant acquisition. The Hotel Yountville, acquired on May 11, 2017, qualified as a significant acquisition.
•
Consolidated recourse indebtedness other than the secured revolving credit facility not to exceed $50,000,000.
•
Consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio not less than 1.40x initially, with such ratio being increased beginning October 1, 2017 to 1.50x. This ratio was 2.09x at September 30, 2017.
•
Indebtedness of the consolidated parties that accrues interest at a variable rate (other than the secured revolving credit facility) that is not subject to a “cap,” “collar,” or other similar arrangement not to exceed 25% of consolidated indebtedness.
•
Consolidated tangible net worth not less than 75% of the consolidated tangible net worth on the closing date of the secured revolving credit facility plus 75% of the net proceeds of any future equity issuances.
•
Secured debt that is secured by real property not to exceed 70% of the as-is appraised value of such real property.
All financial covenants are tested and certified by the borrower on a quarterly basis. We were in compliance with all covenants at September 30, 2017.
The secured revolving credit facility includes customary events of default, and the occurrence of an event of default will permit the lenders to terminate commitments to lend under the secured revolving credit facility and accelerate payment of all amounts outstanding thereunder. If a default occurs and is continuing, we will be precluded from making distributions on our shares of common stock (other than those required to allow us to qualify and maintain our status as a REIT, so long as such default does not arise from a payment default or event of insolvency).
Borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility bear interest, at our option, at either LIBOR for a designated interest period plus an applicable margin, or the base rate (as defined in the credit agreement) plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility for base rate loans range from 1.25% to 2.50% per annum and the applicable margin for borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility for LIBOR loans range from 2.25% to 3.50% per annum, depending on the ratio of consolidated indebtedness to EBITDA described above, with the lowest rate applying if such ratio is less than 4x, and the highest rate applying if such ratio is greater than 6.5x.
The secured revolving credit facility is a three-year interest-only facility with all outstanding principal being due at maturity on November 10, 2019, subject to two one-year extension options if certain terms and conditions are satisfied and a 0.25% extension fee. The secured revolving credit facility has an accordion feature whereby the aggregate commitments may be increased up to $250 million, subject to certain terms. No amounts were drawn under the secured revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2017.

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We intend to repay any indebtedness incurred under our secured revolving credit facility from time to time out of net cash provided by operations and from the net proceeds of issuances of additional equity and debt securities, as market conditions permit.
Sources and Uses of Cash
We had approximately $126.8 million of cash and cash equivalents at both September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
We anticipate that our principal sources of funds to meet our cash requirements will include cash on hand, positive cash flow from operations and capital market activities.
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities. Net cash flows provided by operating activities were $46.6 million and $46.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Cash flows from operations are impacted by changes in hotel operations of our eleven comparable hotel properties, the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown on July 1, 2016 as well as the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek on March 31, 2017 and Hotel Yountville on May 11, 2017. Cash flows from operations are also impacted by the timing of working capital cash flows such as collecting receivables from hotel guests, paying vendors, settling with derivative counterparties, settling with related parties and settling with hotel managers.
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net cash flows used in investing activities were $274.1 million. These cash outflows were primarily attributable to $243.7 million for the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek and Hotel Yountville and $32.7 million of capital improvements made to various hotel properties, partially offset by $2.3 million of proceeds received from the liquidation of our investment in the AQUA U.S. Fund. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net cash flows provided by investing activities were $109.6 million. These cash inflows were primarily attributable to cash inflows of $43.5 million of net proceeds received from the liquidation of AQUA U.S. Fund and $82.7 million of net cash proceeds from the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown. These cash inflows were partially offset by $16.6 million of capital improvements made to various hotel properties.
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, net cash flows provided by financing activities were $221.3 million. Cash inflows primarily consisted of borrowings on indebtedness of $523.5 million, proceeds of $66.4 million from the issuance of common stock and $40.2 million from the issuance of convertible preferred stock. These cash inflows were partially offset by $376.4 million for repayments of indebtedness, $19.6 million for payments of dividends and distributions, $10.7 million for payments of loan costs and exit fees and $1.6 million for distributions to the holder of a noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net cash flows used in financing activities were $125.0 million. Cash outflows primarily consisted of $39.2 million for the repurchase of common stock primarily under our share repurchase program, $12.3 million for payments of dividends and distributions, $71.3 million for repayments of indebtedness, $3.8 million for distributions to the holder of a noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities and $2.7 million for payments of loan costs and exit fees. These cash outflows were partially offset by $4.2 million of net proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock.


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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
The following table summarizes changes in key line items from our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands except percentages):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
 
2017
 
2016
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
$
77,336

 
$
73,944

 
$
3,392

 
4.6
 %
Food and beverage
23,147

 
20,106

 
3,041

 
15.1

Other
7,597

 
5,568

 
2,029

 
36.4

Total hotel revenue
108,080

 
99,618

 
8,462

 
8.5

Other
39

 
33

 
6

 
18.2

Total revenue
108,119

 
99,651

 
8,468

 
8.5

Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hotel operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
17,698

 
16,926

 
(772
)
 
(4.6
)
Food and beverage
17,766

 
15,944

 
(1,822
)
 
(11.4
)
Other expenses
35,182

 
28,249

 
(6,933
)
 
(24.5
)
Management fees
3,889

 
3,820

 
(69
)
 
(1.8
)
Total hotel expenses
74,535

 
64,939

 
(9,596
)
 
(14.8
)
Property taxes, insurance and other
5,197

 
5,120

 
(77
)
 
(1.5
)
Depreciation and amortization
14,133

 
11,175

 
(2,958
)
 
(26.5
)
Impairment charges
1,008

 
—

 
(1,008
)
 


Advisory services fee
1,814

 
4,454

 
2,640

 
59.3

Transaction costs
244

 
63

 
(181
)
 
(287.3
)
Corporate general and administrative
1,602

 
2,653

 
1,051

 
39.6

Total expenses
98,533

 
88,404

 
(10,129
)
 
(11.5
)
Operating income (loss)
9,586

 
11,247

 
(1,661
)
 
(14.8
)
Interest income
198

 
50

 
148

 
296.0

Gain (loss) on sale of hotel property
—

 
26,359

 
(26,359
)
 
(100.0
)
Other income (expense)
(22
)
 
(78
)
 
56

 
71.8

Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
(10,610
)
 
(9,795
)
 
(815
)
 
(8.3
)
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
(380
)
 
(2,595
)
 
2,215

 
85.4

Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.
1,875

 
(458
)
 
2,333

 
509.4

Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives
(531
)
 
(3,912
)
 
3,381

 
86.4

Income (loss) before income taxes
116

 
20,818

 
(20,702
)
 
(99.4
)
Income tax (expense) benefit
(333
)
 
504

 
(837
)
 
(166.1
)
Net income (loss)
(217
)
 
21,322

 
(21,539
)
 
(101.0
)
(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interest
(1,143
)
 
(2,504
)
 
1,361

 
54.4

Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
360

 
(1,960
)
 
2,320

 
118.4

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company
$
(1,000
)
 
$
16,858

 
$
(17,858
)
 
(105.9
)%

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All hotel properties owned for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 have been included in our results of operations during the respective periods in which they were owned. Based on when a hotel property was acquired or disposed of, operating results for certain hotel properties are not comparable for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The hotel properties listed below are not comparable hotel properties for the periods indicated and all other hotel properties are considered comparable hotel properties. The following acquisitions and dispositions affect reporting comparability related to our condensed consolidated financial statements:
Hotel Properties
 
Location
 
Acquisition/Disposition
 
Acquisition/Disposition Date
Seattle Courtyard Downtown
 
Seattle, WA
 
Disposition
 
July 1, 2016
Park Hyatt Beaver Creek (1)
 
Beaver Creek, CO
 
Acquisition
 
March 31, 2017
Hotel Yountville (1)
 
Yountville, CA
 
Acquisition
 
May 11, 2017
________
(1) 
The operating results of these hotel properties have been included in our results of operations as of their acquisition dates.
The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of all hotel properties owned for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
Occupancy
83.00
%
 
86.89
%
ADR (average daily rate)
$
254.65

 
$
249.86

RevPAR (revenue per available room)
$
211.36

 
$
217.11

Rooms revenue (in thousands)
$
77,336

 
$
73,944

Total hotel revenue (in thousands)
$
108,080

 
$
99,618

The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of the eleven hotel properties that were included for the full three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
Occupancy
83.59
%
 
86.89
%
ADR (average daily rate)
$
245.75

 
$
249.86

RevPAR (revenue per available room)
$
205.42

 
$
217.11

Rooms revenue (in thousands)
$
70,060

 
$
73,944

Total hotel revenue (in thousands)
$
94,668

 
$
99,618

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to the Company changed $17.9 million, or 105.9%, from net income of $16.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 (the “2016 quarter”) to net loss of $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 (the “2017 quarter”), as a result of the factors discussed below.
Rooms Revenue. Rooms revenue increased $3.4 million, or 4.6%, to $77.3 million during the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. During the 2017 quarter, we experienced a 1.9% increase in room rates and a 389 basis point decrease in occupancy. Rooms revenue from our eleven comparable hotel properties decreased $3.9 million due to a decrease in room rates of 1.6% and a 330 basis point decrease in occupancy. Rooms revenue increased (i) $4.1 million at the Hotel Yountville as a result of its acquisition on May 11, 2017; (ii) $3.2 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa as a result of its acquisition on March 31, 2017; (iii) $664,000 at the Seattle Marriott Waterfront due to a 3.3% increase in room rates and a 232 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; (iv) $531,000 at the Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines as a result of a 7.4% increase in room rates and a 43 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; (v) $325,000 at the Tampa Renaissance as a result of a 3.7% decrease in room rates and a 467 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel, and (vi) $147,000 at the Bardessono Hotel as a result of an 8.4% increase in room rates, partially offset by a 430 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel. These increases were partially offset by decreases of (i) $1.9 million at the Philadelphia Courtyard as a result of a 21.5% decrease in room rates and a 134 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel; (ii) $948,000 at the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown as a result of a 1,248 basis point decrease in occupancy due to a major renovation during the 2017 quarter, partially offset by 3.2% higher room rates at the hotel; (iii) $907,000 at the Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile as a result of 7.4% lower room rates and a 386 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel; (iv) $906,000 at the Key West Pier House as a result of a 2,357 basis point decrease in occupancy, partially offset by 4.0% higher room rates at the hotel. The results of operations of the hotel were negatively impacted by Hurricane Irma; (v) $564,000 at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas as

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a result of a 1,322 basis point decrease in occupancy, partially offset by 6.8% higher room rates at the hotel. The results of operations of the hotel were negatively impacted by Hurricanes Irma and Maria; (vi) $202,000 at the Capital Hilton as a result of a 48 basis point decrease in occupancy and 1.6% lower room rates at the hotel, and (vii) $158,000 at the Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center as a result of a 256 basis point decrease in occupancy, partially offset by 0.3% higher room rates at the hotel.
Food and Beverage Revenue. Food and beverage revenue increased $3.0 million, or 15.1%, to $23.1 million during the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in food and beverage revenue of $3.2 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $382,000 at the Hotel Yountville due to their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. We experienced an additional aggregate increase in food and beverage revenue of $365,000 at the Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines, Seattle Marriott Waterfront, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown, Philadelphia Courtyard, and Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas. These increases were partially offset by an aggregate decrease of $862,000 at the Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, Key West Pier House, Capital Hilton, Tampa Renaissance, Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, and Bardessono Hotel.
Other Hotel Revenue. Other hotel revenue, which consists mainly of telecommunications, parking and rentals, increased $2.0 million, or 36.4%, to $7.6 million during the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in other hotel revenue of $2.4 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $243,000 at the Hotel Yountville due to their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. There was also an aggregate increase in other hotel revenue of $221,000 at the Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines and Seattle Marriott Waterfront. These increases were partially offset by a lower aggregate other hotel revenue of $790,000 at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, Tampa Renaissance, Capital Hilton, Philadelphia Courtyard, Key West Pier House, Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Bardessono Hotel, Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, and San Francisco Courtyard Downtown.
Other Non-Hotel Revenue. Other non-hotel revenue increased $6,000, or 18.2%, to $39,000 in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. The increase is attributable to higher Texas margin tax recoveries from guests.
Rooms Expense. Rooms expense increased $772,000, or 4.6%, to $17.7 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. This increase is attributable to an increase of $790,000 at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $618,000 at the Hotel Yountville as a result of their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. There was also an aggregate increase of $257,000 at the Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines, and Capital Hilton. These increases were partially offset by an aggregate decrease in rooms expense of $892,000 at the Philadelphia Courtyard, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown, Key West Pier House, Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, Bardessono Hotel, and Tampa Renaissance. Rooms expense included $193,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas.
Food and Beverage Expense. Food and beverage expense increased $1.8 million, or 11.4%, to $17.8 million during the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. The increase is attributable to an aggregate increase of $2.3 million associated with the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa on March 31, 2017 and the Hotel Yountville on May 11, 2017, partially offset by lower food and beverage expense of $524,000 at our eleven comparable hotel properties. Food and beverage expense included $380,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas.
Other Operating Expenses. Other operating expenses increased $6.9 million, or 24.5%, to $35.2 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. Hotel operating expenses consist of direct expenses from departments associated with revenue streams and indirect expenses associated with support departments and incentive management fees. We experienced an increase of $900,000 in direct expenses and an increase of $6.0 million in indirect expenses and incentive management fees in the 2017 quarter as compared to the 2016 quarter. Direct expenses were 2.5% of total hotel revenue for the 2017 quarter and 1.8% for the 2016 quarter. The increase in direct expenses is comprised of an increase of $1.2 million as a result of the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville in 2017, partially offset by an aggregate decrease of $320,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties. Direct expenses included $82,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas. The increase in indirect expenses is attributable to increases in (i) general and administrative costs of $5.5 million, including $4.2 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties, of which $2.9 million was related to the hurricanes, and $1.4 million from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville; (ii) marketing costs of $984,000, comprised of $807,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $177,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties, of which $55,000 related to the hurricanes; (iii) energy costs of $573,000, comprised of increases of $331,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $242,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties, of which $104,000 is related to the hurricanes; (iv) repairs and maintenance of $65,000, including an increase of $367,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $62,000 of hurricane related costs, partially offset by a decrease of $302,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties; and (v) lease expense of $74,000, comprised of an increase of $69,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties and $5,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville. These increases were partially offset by an overall decrease of $1.3 million in incentive management fees from our eleven comparable hotel properties resulting from lower rooms revenue in the 2017 quarter.

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Management Fees. Base management fees increased $69,000, or 1.8%, to $3.9 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. The increase is comprised of $382,000 from Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville. These increases are partially offset by an aggregate decrease of $291,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties.
Property Taxes, Insurance and Other. Property taxes, insurance and other increased $77,000, or 1.5%, to $5.2 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter, which is comprised of increases of $819,000 from Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $323,000 from the Hotel Yountville. These increases were partially offset by an aggregate decrease of $1.1 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased $3.0 million, or 26.5%, to $14.1 million for the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter, which is due to an aggregate increase of $1.5 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties and an increase of $1.5 million from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville.
Impairment Charges. We recorded impairment charges of $1.0 million in the 2017 quarter. The impairment charges are related to damages incurred at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, Key West Pier House, and Tampa Renaissance from Hurricanes Irma and Maria. See note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Advisory Services Fee. Advisory services fee decreased $2.6 million, or 59.3%, to $1.8 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter due to decreases in equity-based compensation of $2.1 million, incentive fee of $487,000 and reimbursable expenses of $268,000. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $197,000 in the base advisory fee. In the 2017 quarter, we recorded an advisory services fee of $1.8 million which included a base advisory fee of $2.3 million, reimbursable expenses of $462,000 and a credit to equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $948,000 associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. In the 2016 quarter, we incurred an advisory services fee of $4.5 million, which included a base advisory fee of $2.1 million, equity-based compensation of $1.1 million associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc., reimbursable expenses of $730,000 and an incentive fee of $487,000.
Transaction Costs. In the 2017 quarter, we recorded transaction costs of $244,000 primarily related to the acquisitions of the Hotel Yountville and Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa. In the 2016 quarter, we recorded transaction costs of $63,000 related to payment of transfer taxes.
Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expense decreased $1.1 million, or 39.6%, to $1.6 million in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter as a result of decreases in professional fees of $1.0 million, primarily related to the proxy contest and litigation in 2016 and equity-based compensation to non-employee directors of $50,000.
Interest Income. Interest income increased $148,000, or 296.0%, to $198,000 for the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter.
Gain on sale of hotel property. In the 2016 quarter, we recorded a gain of $26.4 million related the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown on July 1, 2016.
Other Income (Expense). We recorded other expense of $22,000 related to CMBX premiums and usage fees in the 2017 quarter. In the 2016 quarter, we recognized a realized loss of $78,000 related to the maturity of options on futures contracts.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs increased $815,000, or 8.3%, to $10.6 million for the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter. The increase is primarily due to higher interest expense and amortization of loan costs associated with the new mortgage loans secured by the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville as well as higher average LIBOR rates, partially offset by lower interest expense from the refinancing of four mortgage loans. The average LIBOR rates for the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter were 1.23% and 0.51%, respectively.
Write-off of Loan Costs and Exit Fees. Write-off of loan costs and exit fees was $380,000 for the 2017 quarter, resulting from the write-off of unamortized loan costs of $188,000 and exit costs of $191,000 associated with the refinancing of the Bardessono Hotel mortgage loan. The mortgage loan was refinanced with a $40.0 million mortgage loan due August 2022. Write-off of loan costs and exit fees was $2.6 million for the 2016 quarter, resulting from the write-off of unamortized loan costs of $2.5 million and exit costs of $108,000 related to the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown.
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment in Ashford Inc. Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc. changed $2.3 million, or 509.4%, from an unrealized loss of $458,000 in the 2016 quarter to an unrealized gain of $1.9 million in the 2017 quarter. The fair value is based on the closing market price of Ashford Inc. common stock at the end of the period.
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives. Unrealized loss on derivatives of $531,000 for the 2017 quarter consisted of a $375,000 unrealized loss associated with credit default swaps, a $132,000 unrealized loss on interest rate floors and a $24,000 unrealized loss on interest rate caps. Unrealized loss on derivatives of $3.9 million for the 2016 period consisted primarily of a $3.9 million unrealized

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loss on interest rate floors and an unrealized loss on interest rate caps of $2,000. The fair value of interest rate caps and floors is primarily based on movements in the LIBOR forward curve and the passage of time. The fair value of options on futures contracts is the last reported settlement price as of the measurement date. The fair value of credit default swaps is based on the change in value of CMBX indices.
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit. Income tax (expense) benefit changed $837,000, or 166.1%, from income tax benefit of $504,000 for the 2016 quarter to income tax expense of $333,000 for the 2017 quarter. This change was primarily due to an increase in the profitability of the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries in the 2017 quarter compared to the 2016 quarter.
(Income) Loss from Consolidated Entities Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest. Our noncontrolling interest partner in consolidated entities was allocated income of $1.1 million and $2.5 million for the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter, respectively. At September 30, 2017, noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities represented an ownership interest of 25% in two hotel properties held by one entity.
Net (Income) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in operating partnership were allocated a net loss of $360,000 and net income of $2.0 million for the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter, respectively. Redeemable noncontrolling interests in Ashford Prime OP represented ownership interests of 11.72% and 13.19% as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
The following table summarizes changes in key line items from our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands except percentages):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
 
2017
 
2016
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
$
224,203

 
$
222,778

 
$
1,425

 
0.6
 %
Food and beverage
75,600

 
72,022

 
3,578

 
5.0

Other
21,588

 
16,977

 
4,611

 
27.2

Total hotel revenue
321,391

 
311,777

 
9,614

 
3.1

Other
116

 
103

 
13

 
12.6

Total revenue
321,507

 
311,880

 
9,627

 
3.1

Expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hotel operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rooms
51,108

 
49,841

 
(1,267
)
 
(2.5
)
Food and beverage
53,890

 
51,656

 
(2,234
)
 
(4.3
)
Other expenses
94,934

 
86,923

 
(8,011
)
 
(9.2
)
Management fees
11,643

 
11,958

 
315

 
2.6

Total hotel expenses
211,575

 
200,378

 
(11,197
)
 
(5.6
)
Property taxes, insurance and other
15,641

 
14,677

 
(964
)
 
(6.6
)
Depreciation and amortization
39,573

 
34,342

 
(5,231
)
 
(15.2
)
Impairment charges
1,008

 
—

 
(1,008
)
 


Advisory services fee
5,822

 
12,353

 
6,531

 
52.9

Contract modification cost
5,000

 
—

 
(5,000
)
 


Transaction costs
6,638

 
501

 
(6,137
)
 
(1,225.0
)
Corporate general and administrative
7,007

 
16,414

 
9,407

 
57.3

Total expenses
292,264

 
278,665

 
(13,599
)
 
(4.9
)
Operating income (loss)
29,243

 
33,215

 
(3,972
)
 
(12.0
)
Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entity
—

 
(2,587
)
 
2,587

 
100.0

Interest income
475

 
132

 
343

 
259.8

Gain (loss) on sale of hotel property
—

 
26,359

 
(26,359
)
 
(100.0
)
Other income (expense)
(292
)
 
(88
)
 
(204
)
 
(231.8
)
Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
(28,743
)
 
(31,066
)
 
2,323

 
7.5

Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
(2,343
)
 
(2,595
)
 
252

 
9.7

Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc.
3,403

 
(1,091
)
 
4,494

 
411.9

Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives
(1,529
)
 
2,218

 
(3,747
)
 
(168.9
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
214

 
24,497

 
(24,283
)
 
(99.1
)
Income tax (expense) benefit
(334
)
 
(1,022
)
 
688

 
67.3

Net income (loss)
(120
)
 
23,475

 
(23,595
)
 
(100.5
)
(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interests
(2,736
)
 
(2,569
)
 
(167
)
 
(6.5
)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
958

 
(1,994
)
 
2,952

 
148.0

Net income (loss) attributable to the Company
$
(1,898
)
 
$
18,912

 
$
(20,810
)
 
(110.0
)%

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All hotel properties owned for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 have been included in our results of operations during the respective periods in which they were owned. Based on when a hotel property was acquired or disposed of, operating results for certain hotel properties are not comparable for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. The hotel properties listed below are not comparable hotel properties for the periods indicated and all other hotel properties are considered comparable hotel properties. The following acquisitions and dispositions affect reporting comparability related to our condensed consolidated financial statements:
Hotel Properties
 
Location
 
Acquisition/Disposition
 
Acquisition/Disposition Date
Seattle Courtyard Downtown
 
Seattle, WA
 
Disposition
 
July 1, 2016
Park Hyatt Beaver Creek (1)
 
Beaver Creek, CO
 
Acquisition
 
March 31, 2017
Hotel Yountville (1)
 
Yountville, CA
 
Acquisition
 
May 11, 2017
________
(1) 
The operating results of these hotel properties have been included in our results of operations as of their acquisition dates.
The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of all hotel properties for the periods indicated:
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
Occupancy
81.92
%
 
83.65
%
ADR (average daily rate)
$
258.79

 
$
251.27

RevPAR (revenue per available room)
$
212.01

 
$
210.20

Rooms revenue (in thousands)
$
224,203

 
$
222,778

Total hotel revenue (in thousands)
$
321,391

 
$
311,777

The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of the eleven hotel properties that were included for the full nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
Occupancy
82.76
%
 
83.65
%
ADR (average daily rate)
$
254.76

 
$
254.34

RevPAR (revenue per available room)
$
210.84

 
$
212.76

Rooms revenue (in thousands)
$
213,229

 
$
215,809

Total hotel revenue (in thousands)
$
300,678

 
$
303,783

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to the Company changed $20.8 million, or 110.0%, from a net income of $18.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 (the “2016 period”), to a net loss of $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (the “2017 period”), as a result of the factors discussed below.
Rooms Revenue. Rooms revenue increased $1.4 million, or 0.6%, to $224.2 million during the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. During the 2017 period, we experienced a 3.0% increase in room rates and a 173 basis point decrease in occupancy. Rooms revenue from our eleven comparable hotel properties decreased $2.6 million due to an 89 basis point decrease in occupancy partially offset by higher room rates of 0.2%. Rooms revenue increased (i) $6.1 million at the Hotel Yountville as a result of its acquisition on May 11, 2017; (ii) $4.9 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa as a result of its acquisition on March 31, 2017; (iii) $2.0 million at the Seattle Marriott Waterfront as a result of 2.4% higher room rates and a 524 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; (iv) $1.8 million at the Capital Hilton as a result of 4.2% higher room rates and a 175 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; (v) $1.1 million at the Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines as a result of 5.4% higher room rates and a 99 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; (vi) $440,000 at the Bardessono Hotel as a result of 8.3% higher room rates, partially offset by a 291 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel; (vii) $183,000 at the Tampa Renaissance as a result of 1.2% higher room rates and a 52 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel; and (viii) $59,000 at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas as a result of 8.6% higher room rates partially offset by a 598 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel. The results of operations of the hotel were negatively impacted by Hurricanes Irma and Maria. These increases were partially offset by decreases of (i) $7.0 million at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale on July 1, 2016; (ii) $3.4 million at the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown as a result of a 921 basis point decrease in occupancy and 2.1% lower room rates due to a major renovation at the hotel during the 2017 period; (iii) $1.9 million at the Philadelphia Courtyard as a result of 8.2% lower room rates and a 58 basis point decrease in

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occupancy at the hotel; (iv) $1.6 million at the Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile as a result of 6.6% lower room rates and a 72 basis point decrease in occupancy at the hotel; (v) $986,000 at the Key West Pier House as a result of a 997 basis point decrease in occupancy, partially offset by 5.1% higher room rates at the hotel. The results of operations of the hotel were negatively impacted by Hurricane Irma; and (vi) $351,000 at the Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center as a result of 3.0% lower room rates, partially offset by an 80 basis point increase in occupancy at the hotel.
Food and Beverage Revenue. Food and beverage revenue increased $3.6 million, or 5.0%, to $75.6 million during the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. This increase is due to an increase of $4.7 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $656,000 at the Hotel Yountville due to their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. We experienced an additional aggregate increase in food and beverage revenue of $1.5 million at the Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Key West Pier House, Philadelphia Courtyard, and Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines. These increases were partially offset by an aggregate decrease in food and beverage revenue of $2.6 million at the Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, Tampa Renaissance, Capital Hilton, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown, and Bardessono Hotel and a decrease of $623,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale on July 1, 2016.
Other Hotel Revenue. Other hotel revenue, which consists mainly of telecommunications, parking and rentals, increased $4.6 million, or 27.2%, to $21.6 million during the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. This increase is attributable to an increase in other hotel revenue of $4.0 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $342,000 at the Hotel Yountville as a result of their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. There was also an aggregate increase of $1.3 million at the Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines, and Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas. These increases were partially offset by lower aggregate other hotel revenue of $709,000 at the Bardessono Hotel, San Francisco Courtyard Downtown, Key West Pier House, Tampa Renaissance, Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, Philadelphia Courtyard, Capital Hilton, and Seattle Marriott Waterfront and lower other hotel revenue of $403,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown due to its sale on July 1, 2016.
Other Non-Hotel Revenue. Other non-hotel revenue increased $13,000, or 12.6%, to $116,000 in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. The increase is attributable to higher Texas margin tax recoveries from guests.
Rooms Expense. Rooms expense increased $1.3 million, or 2.5%, to $51.1 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. The increase is attributable to an increase of $1.4 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $945,000 at the Hotel Yountville as a result of their acquisitions on March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. There was also an aggregate increase of $1.3 million at the Capital Hilton, Seattle Marriott Waterfront, Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, and Hilton La Jolla Torrey Pines. This increase was partially offset by an aggregate decrease in rooms expense of $1.3 million at the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown, Philadelphia Courtyard, Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile, Key West Pier House, Tampa Renaissance, Bardessono Hotel and Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center and $1.1 million at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale on July 1, 2016. Rooms expense included $193,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas
Food and Beverage Expense. Food and beverage expense increased $2.2 million, or 4.3%, to $53.9 million during the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. The increase is attributable to an aggregate increase of $3.9 million associated with the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa on March 31, 2017 and the Hotel Yountville on May 11, 2017, partially offset by lower food and beverage revenue of $1.2 million at our eleven comparable hotel properties and $469,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown due to its sale on July 1, 2016. Food and beverage expense included $380,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas.
Other Operating Expenses. Other operating expenses increased $8.0 million, or 9.2%, to $94.9 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. Hotel operating expenses consist of direct expenses from departments associated with revenue streams and indirect expenses associated with support departments and incentive management fees. We experienced an increase of $2.0 million in direct expenses and an increase of $6.0 million in indirect expenses and incentive management fees in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. Direct expenses were 2.3% of total hotel revenue for the 2017 period and 1.7% for the 2016 period. The increase in direct expenses is primarily attributable to an increase of $2.1 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $134,000 at the Hotel Yountville as a result of their acquisitions in March 31, 2017 and May 11, 2017, respectively. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in other operating expenses of $149,000 at our eleven comparable hotel properties, and $37,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale. Direct expenses included $82,000 of hurricane related costs at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas. The increase in indirect expenses is attributable to increases in (i) general and administrative costs of $6.8 million, including $4.8 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties, of which $2.9 million was related to the hurricanes and $2.7 million from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville, partially offset by a decrease of $691,000 from the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown; (ii) energy costs of $1.0 million, comprised of an increase of $581,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $575,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties, of which $104,000 is related to the hurricanes, partially offset by a decrease of $142,000 from the Seattle Courtyard Downtown; as a result of its sale; (iii) marketing costs of $1,014,000, including $1.4 million from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $55,000 related to the hurricanes, partially offset by a decrease of $469,000 at the Seattle

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Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale and $38,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties,; (iv) lease expense of $229,000, comprised of an increase of $223,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties and $10,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville, partially offset by a decrease of $4,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale; and (v) repairs and maintenance of $153,000, including $706,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $62,000 of hurricane related costs, partially offset by a decrease of $373,000 from our eleven comparable hotel properties and $180,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in incentive management fees of $3.2 million, including $2.0 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties primarily related to the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown as a result of its renovation, $438,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and $790,000 from the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale.
Management Fees. Base management fees decreased $315,000, or 2.6%, to $11.6 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. The decrease is comprised of a decrease of $560,000 at the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale and $257,000 associated with the lower hotel revenue at the San Francisco Courtyard Downtown due to ongoing renovations. The ten remaining hotel properties also incurred an aggregate decrease of $98,000. These decreases are partially offset by an aggregate increase of $588,000 from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville.
Property Taxes, Insurance and Other. Property taxes, insurance and other increased $964,000, or 6.6%, to $15.6 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period, which is attributable to increases of $1.6 million at the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and $555,000 at the Hotel Yountville as a result of their acquisitions in March 2017 and May 2017, respectively. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $1.1 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties and $344,000 from the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased $5.2 million, or 15.2%, to $39.6 million for the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period due to an aggregate increase of $3.3 million from our eleven comparable hotel properties and $2.7 million from the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville, partially offset by a decrease of $834,000 from the Seattle Courtyard Downtown as a result of its sale.
Impairment Charges. We recorded impairment charges of $1.0 million in the 2017 period related to Hurricanes Irma and Maria damages incurred at the Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas, Key West Pier House, and Tampa Renaissance. See note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Advisory Services Fee. Advisory services fee decreased $6.5 million, or 52.9%, to $5.8 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period due to decreases in equity-based compensation of $5.5 million, incentive fee of $772,000 and reimbursable expenses of $486,000. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $245,000 in the base advisory fee. In the 2017 period, we recorded an advisory services fee of $5.8 million, which included a base advisory fee of $6.6 million, reimbursable expenses of $1.5 million and a credit to equity-based compensation expense in the amount of $2.3 million associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. The credit to equity-based compensation expense is a result of lower fair values at September 30, 2017 as compared to December 31, 2016. In the 2016 period we incurred an advisory services fee of $12.4 million, which included a base advisory fee of $6.3 million, equity-based compensation of $3.2 million associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc., reimbursable expenses of $2.0 million and an incentive fee of $772,000.
Contract Modification Cost. In the 2017 period, we recorded a $5.0 million one-time payment to Ashford LLC upon entering into the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement.
Transaction Costs. In the 2017 period, we recorded transaction costs of $6.6 million primarily related to the acquisitions of Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville and transfer taxes. In the 2016 period, we recorded transaction costs of $501,000 related to payment of transfer taxes.
Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expenses decreased $9.4 million, or 57.3%, to $7.0 million in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period as a result of lower professional fees of $9.7 million, primarily related to the proxy contest and litigation in 2016, lower public company costs of $31,000, and lower equity-based compensation to non-employee directors of $26,000. These decreases were partially offset by higher miscellaneous expenses of $345,000.
Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Unconsolidated Entity. We recorded equity in loss of unconsolidated entity of $2.6 million in the 2016 period related to our investment in the AQUA U.S. Fund. We did not have any equity in earnings (loss) in the 2017 period as this investment was liquidated in June 2016.
Interest Income. Interest income increased $343,000, or 259.8%, to $475,000 for the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period.

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Gain on sale of hotel property. For the 2016 period, we recorded a gain of $26.4 million related the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown on July 1, 2016.
Other Income (Expense). Other expense increased $204,000 from $88,000 to $292,000 in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. In the 2017 period, we recognized a realized loss of $271,000 related to the maturity of options on futures contracts and expense of $21,000 related to CMBX premiums and usage fee. In the 2016 period, we recognized a realized loss of $78,000 related to the maturity of options on futures contracts and $10,000 of commissions paid upon purchasing options on futures contracts.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs decreased $2.3 million, or 7.5%, to $28.7 million for the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. The decrease is primarily due to lower interest expense from the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown on July 1, 2016 and the refinancing of four mortgage loans, partially offset by higher interest expense and amortization of loan costs associated with the new mortgage loans associated with the acquisitions of the Park Hyatt Beaver Creek Resort & Spa and Hotel Yountville as well as a higher average LIBOR rate. The average LIBOR rates for the 2017 period and the 2016 period were 1.04% and 0.45%, respectively.
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment in Ashford Inc. Unrealized gain (loss) on investment in Ashford Inc. changed $4.5 million, or 411.9%, from an unrealized loss of $1.1 million in the 2016 period to an unrealized gain of $3.4 million in the 2017 period. The fair value is based on the closing market price of Ashford Inc. common stock at the end of the period.
Write-off of Loan Costs and Exit Fees. Write-off of loan costs and exit fees was $2.3 million for the 2017 period, resulting from the write-off of unamortized loan costs of $295,000 and exit costs of $2.0 million associated with the refinancing of four mortgage loans, including the refinancing of three mortgage loans maturing April 2017 and the refinancing of the Bardessono Hotel mortgage loan. Write-off of loan costs and defeasance costs was $2.6 million for the 2016 period, resulting from the write-off of unamortized loan costs of $2.5 million and exit costs of $108,000 related to the sale of the Seattle Courtyard Downtown.
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives. Unrealized loss on derivatives of $1.5 million for the 2017 period consisted of a $1.0 million unrealized loss on interest rate floors, a $341,000 unrealized loss on interest rate caps, and a $375,000 unrealized loss associated with CMBX tranches, partially offset by a $213,000 unrealized gain on options on futures contracts. Unrealized gain on derivatives of $2.2 million for the 2016 period consisted of a $2.3 million unrealized gain on interest rate floors, partially offset by a $56,000 unrealized loss on options on futures contracts and an unrealized loss on interest rate caps of $62,000. The fair value of interest rate caps and floors is primarily based on movements in the LIBOR forward curve and the passage of time. The fair value of options on futures contracts is the last reported settlement price as of the measurement date. The fair value of credit default swaps is based on the change in value of CMBX indices.
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit. Income tax expense decreased $688,000, or 67.3%, to $334,000 in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the profitability of the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries in the 2017 period compared to the 2016 period.
(Income) Loss from Consolidated Entities Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest. Our noncontrolling interest partner in consolidated entities was allocated income of $2.7 million and $2.6 million for the 2017 period and the 2016 period, respectively. At both September 30, 2017 and 2016, noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities represented an ownership interest of 25% in two hotel properties held by one entity.
Net (Income) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in operating partnership were allocated a net loss of $958,000 and net income $2.0 million for the 2017 period and the 2016 period, respectively. Redeemable noncontrolling interests represented ownership interests in Ashford Prime OP of 11.72% and 13.19% as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Seasonality
Our properties’ operations historically have been seasonal as certain properties maintain higher occupancy rates during the summer months and some during the winter months. This seasonality pattern can cause fluctuations in our quarterly lease revenue under our percentage leases. We anticipate that our cash flows from the operations of our properties and cash on hand will be sufficient to enable us to make quarterly distributions to maintain our REIT status. To the extent that cash flows from operations and cash on hand are insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in lease revenue, we expect to utilize borrowings to fund distributions required to maintain our REIT status. However, we cannot make any assurances that we will make distributions in the future.

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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
There have been no material changes since December 31, 2016, outside of the ordinary course of business, to contractual obligations specified in the table of contractual obligations included in the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2016 10-K.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we may form or invest in partnerships or joint ventures. We evaluate each partnership and joint venture to determine whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If the entity is determined to be a VIE we assess whether we are the primary beneficiary and need to consolidate the entity. For further discussion see note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
We have no other off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting policies that are critical or most important to understanding our financial condition and results of operations and that require management to make the most difficult judgments are described in the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2016 10-K. There have been no material changes in these critical accounting policies.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following non-GAAP presentations of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, FFO and AFFO are made to help our investors evaluate our operating performance.
EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) attributable to the Company before interest expense and amortization of loan costs, interest income, depreciation and amortization, income taxes and redeemable noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership. We adjust EBITDA to exclude certain additional items such as amortization of favorable (unfavorable) contract assets (liabilities), transaction and management conversion costs, (gain) loss on sale of hotel property, write-off of loan costs and exit fees, legal, advisory and settlement costs, contract modification cost, software implementation costs, impairment charges and uninsured hurricane related costs and non-cash items such as other (income) expense, unrealized (gain) loss on investments, unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, stock/unit-based compensation and the Company’s portion of unrealized (gain) loss of investment in securities investment fund. Unless otherwise indicated, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exclude amounts attributable to the portion of a partnership owned by the third party. We present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because we believe they reflect more accurately the ongoing performance of our hotel assets and other investments and provide more useful information to investors as they are indicators of our ability to meet our future debt payment requirements, working capital requirements and they provide an overall evaluation of our financial condition. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as calculated by us may not be comparable to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA reported by other companies that do not define EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exactly as we define the terms. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not represent cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to operating income or net income determined in accordance with GAAP as an indicator of performance or as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as determined by GAAP as an indicator of liquidity.

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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands) (unaudited):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income (loss)
 
$
(217
)
 
$
21,322

 
$
(120
)
 
$
23,475

(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
(1,143
)
 
(2,504
)
 
(2,736
)
 
(2,569
)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
 
360

 
(1,960
)
 
958

 
(1,994
)
Net income (loss) attributable to the Company
 
(1,000
)
 
16,858

 
(1,898
)
 
18,912

Interest income (1)
 
(195
)
 
(50
)
 
(470
)
 
(132
)
Interest expense and amortization of loan costs (1)
 
10,111

 
9,380

 
27,338

 
29,839

Depreciation and amortization (1)
 
13,406

 
10,459

 
37,409

 
32,216

Income tax expense (benefit) (1)
 
426

 
(504
)
 
319

 
1,022

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
 
(360
)
 
1,960

 
(958
)
 
1,994

EBITDA available to the Company and OP unitholders
 
22,388

 
38,103

 
61,740

 
83,851

Amortization of favorable (unfavorable) contract assets (liabilities)
 
43

 
43

 
136

 
69

Transaction and management conversion costs
 
260

 
63

 
6,700

 
501

Other (income) expense
 
22

 
78

 
292

 
88

(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property
 
—

 
(26,359
)
 
—

 
(26,359
)
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
 
380

 
2,595

 
2,343

 
2,595

Unrealized (gain) loss on investments
 
(1,875
)
 
458

 
(3,403
)
 
1,091

Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives
 
531

 
3,912

 
1,529

 
(2,218
)
Non-cash stock/unit-based compensation
 
(921
)
 
1,234

 
(1,992
)
 
3,541

Legal, advisory and settlement costs
 
560

 
1,830

 
3,508

 
14,056

Contract modification cost
 
—

 
—

 
5,000

 
—

Software implementation costs
 
—

 
—

 
79

 
—

Impairment and uninsured hurricane related costs
 
4,581

 
—

 
4,581

 
—

Company’s portion of unrealized (gain) loss of investment in securities investment fund
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,587

Adjusted EBITDA available to the Company and OP unitholders
 
$
25,969

 
$
21,957

 
$
80,513

 
$
79,802

__________________
(1) 
Net of adjustment for noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities. The following table presents the amounts of the adjustments for non-controlling interest for each line item:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
 
$
(499
)
 
$
(415
)
 
$
(1,405
)
 
$
(1,227
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(727
)
 
(716
)
 
(2,164
)
 
(2,126
)
Interest income
 
3

 
—

 
5

 
—

Income tax expense (benefit)
 
93

 
—

 
(15
)
 
—


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We calculate FFO and AFFO in the following table. FFO is calculated on the basis defined by NAREIT, which is net income (loss) attributable to the Company, computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses on sales of hotel properties and extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, plus impairment charges on real estate, depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, and after redeemable noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership. NAREIT developed FFO as a relative measure of performance of an equity REIT to recognize that income-producing real estate historically has not depreciated on the basis determined by GAAP. Our calculation of AFFO excludes preferred dividends, transaction and management conversion costs, write-off of loan costs and exit fees, legal, advisory and settlement costs, contract modification cost, software implementation costs, uninsured hurricane related costs and non-cash items such as other (income) expense, unrealized (gain) loss on investments, unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, stock/unit-based compensation and the Company’s portion of unrealized (gain) loss of investment in securities investment fund. FFO and AFFO exclude amounts attributable to the portion of a partnership owned by the third party. We consider FFO and AFFO to be appropriate measures of our ongoing normalized operating performance as a REIT. We compute FFO in accordance with our interpretation of standards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that either do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or interpret the NAREIT definition differently than us. FFO and AFFO do not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP net income or loss as an indication of our financial performance or GAAP cash flows from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. FFO and AFFO are also not indicative of funds available to satisfy our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. However, to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical operating results, we believe that FFO and AFFO should be considered along with our net income or loss and cash flows reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to FFO and Adjusted FFO (in thousands) (unaudited):
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income (loss)
 
$
(217
)
 
$
21,322

 
$
(120
)
 
$
23,475

(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
(1,143
)
 
(2,504
)
 
(2,736
)
 
(2,569
)
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
 
360

 
(1,960
)
 
958

 
(1,994
)
Preferred dividends
 
(1,707
)
 
(994
)
 
(5,087
)
 
(2,866
)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
 
(2,707
)
 
15,864

 
(6,985
)
 
16,046

Depreciation and amortization on real estate (1)
 
13,406

 
10,459

 
37,409

 
32,216

Impairment charges on real estate
 
1,008

 
—

 
1,008

 
—

Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
 
(360
)
 
1,960

 
(958
)
 
1,994

(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property
 
—

 
(26,359
)
 
—

 
(26,359
)
FFO available to common stockholders and OP unitholders
 
11,347

 
1,924

 
30,474

 
23,897

Preferred dividends
 
1,707

 
994

 
5,087

 
2,866

Transaction and management conversion costs
 
260

 
63

 
6,700

 
501

Other (income) expense
 
22

 
78

 
292

 
88

Write-off of loan costs and exit fees
 
380

 
2,595

 
2,343

 
2,595

Unrealized (gain) loss on investments
 
(1,875
)
 
458

 
(3,403
)
 
1,091

Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives
 
531

 
3,912

 
1,529

 
(2,218
)
Non-cash stock/unit-based compensation
 
(921
)
 
1,234

 
(1,992
)
 
3,541

Legal, advisory and settlement costs
 
560

 
1,830

 
3,508

 
14,056

Contract modification cost

 
—

 
—

 
5,000

 
—

Software implementation costs
 
—

 
—

 
79

 
—

Uninsured hurricane related costs
 
3,573

 
—

 
3,573

 
—

Company’s portion of unrealized (gain) loss of investment in securities investment fund
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,587

Adjusted FFO available to the Company and OP unitholders
 
$
15,584

 
$
13,088

 
$
53,190

 
$
49,004

____________________
(1) 
Net of adjustment for noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities. The following table presents the amounts of the adjustments for non-controlling interest for each line item:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Depreciation and amortization on real estate
 
$
(727
)
 
$
(716
)
 
$
(2,164
)
 
$
(2,126
)

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Hotel Properties
The following table presents certain information related to our hotel properties:
Hotel Property
 
Location
 
Service Type
 
Total Rooms
 
% Owned
 
Owned Rooms
Fee Simple Properties
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hilton
 
Washington, D.C.
 
Full
 
550

 
75
%
 
413

Marriott
 
Seattle, WA
 
Full
 
361

 
100

 
361

Courtyard by Marriott (1)
 
Philadelphia, PA
 
Select
 
499

 
100

 
499

Courtyard by Marriott (1)
 
San Francisco, CA
 
Select
 
408

 
100

 
408

Chicago Sofitel Magnificent Mile
 
Chicago, IL
 
Full
 
415

 
100

 
415

Pier House Resort
 
Key West, FL
 
Full
 
142

 
100

 
142

Ritz-Carlton, St. Thomas
 
St. Thomas, USVI
 
Full
 
180

 
100

 
180

Park Hyatt Beaver Creek
 
Beaver Creek, CO
 
Full
 
190

 
100

 
190

Hotel Yountville
 
Yountville, CA
 
Full
 
80

 
100

 
80

Ground Lease Properties
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hilton (2)
 
La Jolla, CA
 
Full
 
394

 
75
%
 
296

Renaissance (3)
 
Tampa, FL
 
Full
 
293

 
100

 
293

Bardessono Hotel (4)
 
Yountville, CA
 
Full
 
62

 
100

 
62

Total
 
 
 
 
 
3,574

 
 
 
3,339

________
(1) 
Announced plans to convert to Autograph Collection.
(2) 
The ground lease expires in 2067.
(3) 
The ground lease expires in 2080.
(4) 
The initial ground lease expires in 2055. The ground lease contains two 25-year extension options, at our election.
*
This table excludes the Plano Marriott Legacy Town Center, which was sold on November 1, 2017.
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary market risk exposure consists of changes in interest rates on borrowings under our debt instruments that bear interest at variable rates that fluctuate with market interest rates. To the extent that we acquire assets or conduct operations in an international jurisdiction, we will also have currency exchange risk. We may enter into certain hedging arrangements in order to manage interest rate and currency fluctuations. The analysis below presents the sensitivity of the market value of our financial instruments to selected changes in market interest rates.
At September 30, 2017, our total indebtedness of $914.1 million included $906.0 million of variable-rate debt. The impact on the results of operations of a 25-basis point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate debt at September 30, 2017, would be approximately $2.3 million per year. Interest rate changes will have no impact on the remaining $8.1 million of fixed rate debt.
The above amounts were determined based on the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our borrowings and assume no changes in our capital structure. The information presented above includes those exposures that existed at September 30, 2017, but it does not consider exposures or positions that could arise after that date. Accordingly, the information presented herein has limited predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on exposures that arise during the period, the hedging strategies at the time, and the related interest rates.
We use credit default swaps to hedge financial and capital market risk. We have entered into credit default swap transactions with notional amounts totaling $50.0 million to hedge financial and capital market risk for upfront costs of $888,000, which were subsequently returned to us as collateral by our counterparties. A credit default swap is a derivative contract that functions like an insurance policy against the credit risk of an entity or obligation. The seller of protection assumes the credit risk of the reference obligation from the buyer (us) of protection in exchange for annual premium payments. If a default or a loss, as defined in the credit default swap agreements, occurs on the underlying bonds, then the buyer of protection is protected against those losses. The only liability for us, the buyer, is the annual premium and any change in value of the underlying CMBX index (if the trade is terminated prior to maturity). For all CMBX trades completed to date, we were the buyer of protection. Credit default swaps are subject to master-netting settlement arrangements and credit support annexes. Assuming the underlying bonds pay off at par over their remaining average life, our total exposure for these trades was approximately $2.8 million at September 30, 2017.

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We hold interest rate floors with notional amounts totaling $4.6 billion and strike rates ranging from -0.25% to 1.00%. Our total exposure is capped at our initial total cost of $3.6 million. These instruments have termination dates ranging from March 2019 to July 2020.
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of September 30, 2017 (“Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms; and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Jesse Small v. Monty J. Bennett, et al., Case No. 24-C-16006020 (Md. Cir. Ct.) On November 16, 2016, Jesse Small, a purported shareholder of Ashford Prime, commenced a derivative action in Maryland Circuit Court for Baltimore City asserting causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, and declaratory relief against the members of the Ashford Prime board of directors, David Brooks (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”), Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC. Ashford Prime is named as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleges that the Individual Defendants breached their fiduciary duties to Ashford Prime by negotiating and approving the termination fee provision set forth in Ashford Prime’s advisory agreement with Ashford LLC, that Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC aided and abetted the Individual Defendants’ fiduciary duty breaches, and that the Ashford Prime board of directors committed corporate waste in connection with Ashford Prime’s purchase of 175,000 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock. The complaint seeks monetary damages and declaratory and injunctive relief, including a declaration that the termination fee provision is unenforceable. The defendants filed motions to dismiss the complaint on March 24, 2017. On June 6, 2017, the plaintiff notified the court that the plaintiff intends to dismiss the action as moot and seek a mootness fee and costs. On July 25, 2017, the action was dismissed with prejudice as to the plaintiff. A hearing on the plaintiff’s fee petition was held on October 25, 2017. A ruling from the court is currently pending. It is not possible to accurately predict the outcome of this remaining action or the range of any potential loss.
We are engaged in other various legal proceedings which have arisen but have not been fully adjudicated. The likelihood of loss from these legal proceedings, based on definitions within contingency accounting literature, ranges from remote to reasonably possible and to probable. Based on estimates of the range of potential losses associated with these matters, management does not believe the ultimate resolution of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, the final results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty and if we fail to prevail in one or more of these legal matters, and the associated realized losses exceed our current estimates of the range of potential losses, our consolidated financial position or results of operations could be materially adversely affected in future periods.
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies, or prospects in a material and adverse manner. At September 30, 2017, there have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.

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ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
On October 27, 2014, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company may purchase up to $100 million of the Company’s common stock from time to time. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The specific timing, manner, price, amount and other terms of the repurchases is at management’s discretion and depends on market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements and other factors. The Company is not required to repurchase shares under the repurchase program, and may modify, suspend or terminate the repurchase program at any time for any reason. On April 8, 2016, our board of directors authorized utilizing up to $50 million to repurchase common stock. No shares were repurchased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, pursuant to this authorization. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, we repurchased 630,000 shares of our common stock for approximately $9.0 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we repurchased 2.9 million shares of our common stock for approximately $39.0 million. As of September 30, 2017, we have purchased a cumulative 4.3 million shares of our common stock, for approximately $63.2 million, since the program’s inception on November 4, 2014.
The following table provides the information with respect to purchases of our common stock during each of the months in the third quarter of 2017:
Period
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid Per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan
 
Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan
Common stock:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
July 1 to July 31
 
439

(1) 
$
10.28

(2) 
—

 
$
36,787,500

August 1 to August 31
 
602

(1) 
$
10.54

(2) 
—

 
$
36,787,500

September 1 to September 30
 
718

(1) 
$
9.80

(2) 
—

 
$
36,787,500

Total
 
1,759

 
$
10.21

 
—

 
 
__________________
(1) 
Includes 54, 14 and 20 shares in July, August and September, respectively that were repurchased from Ashford Trust when former Ashford Trust employees who held restricted shares of Ashford Prime common stock they received in the spin-off, forfeited the shares to Ashford Trust upon termination of employment.
(2) 
There is no cost associated with the forfeiture of restricted shares of 385, 588 and 698 of our common stock in July, August and September, respectively.
ITEM 3.
DEFAULT UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
None.

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ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
Exhibit
 
Description
3.1
 
3.2
 
3.3
 
3.4
 
3.5
 
3.6
 
3.7
 
3.8
 
3.9
 
12*
 
31.1*
 
31.2*
 
32.1*
 
32.2*
 
The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 are formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) Consolidated Statements Comprehensive Income; (iii) Consolidated Statement of Equity; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In accordance with Rule 402 of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be part of any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
Submitted electronically with this report.
___________________________________
* Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY PRIME, INC.
Date:
November 8, 2017
By:
/s/ RICHARD J. STOCKTON
 
 
 
 
Richard J. Stockton
 
 
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
November 8, 2017
By:
/s/ DERIC S. EUBANKS
 
 
 
 
Deric S. Eubanks
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 


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