BROWN & BROWN, INC. - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-13619

BROWN & BROWN, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Florida				59-0864469
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)				(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
300 North Beach Street, Daytona Beach, FL				32114
(Address of principal executive offices)				(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (386) 252-9601

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.10 Par Value	BRO	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock, $0.10 par value, outstanding as of April 26, 2021 was 281,848,221.

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BROWN & BROWN, INC.

INDEX




		PAGE NO.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited):
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	6
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	9
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	39
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
Item 6.	Exhibits	41
SIGNATURE		42

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Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Brown & Brown, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “Brown & Brown” or the “Company”), makes “forward-looking statements” within the “safe harbor” provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, throughout this report and in the documents we incorporate by reference into this report , including those relating to the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (“COVID-19”) on the Company’s business, operations, financial performance and prospects. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “estimate,” “plan” and “continue” or similar words. We have based these statements on our current expectations about potential future events. Although we believe the expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the reports, statements, information and announcements incorporated by reference into this report are based upon reasonable assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge of our business, a number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements, whether oral or written, made by us or on our behalf. Further, statements about the effects of COVID-19 on our business, operations, financial performance and prospects may constitute forward-looking statements and are subject to the risk that the actual impacts may differ, possibly materially, from what is reflected in those forward-looking statements due to factors and future developments that are uncertain, unpredictable and in many cases beyond our control, including the scope and duration of COVID-19, actions taken by governmental authorities in response to COVID-19, and the direct and indirect impact of COVID-19 on our customers, insurance carriers, third parties and us. Many of these factors have previously been identified in filings or statements made by us or on our behalf. Important factors which could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements in this report include but are not limited to the following items, in addition to those matters described in Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”:

•

COVID-19 and the resulting governmental and societal responses, the severity and duration of COVID-19, and the resulting impact on the U.S. economy, the global economy, and the Company’s business, liquidity, customers, insurance carriers and third parties;

•

The inability to retain or hire qualified employees, as well as the loss of any of our executive officers or other key employees;

•

Acquisition-related risks that could negatively affect the success of our growth strategy, including the possibility that we may not be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions, integrate acquired businesses into our operations, and expand into new markets;

•

A cybersecurity attack or any other interruption in information technology and/or data security and/or outsourcing relationships;

•

The requirement for additional resources and time to adequately respond to dynamics resulting from rapid technological change;

•

The loss of or significant change to any of our insurance company relationships, which could result in additional expense, loss of market share or material decrease in our profit-sharing contingent commissions, guaranteed supplemental commissions or incentive commissions;

•

Adverse economic conditions, natural disasters, or regulatory changes in states where we have a concentration of our business;

•

The inability to maintain our culture or a change in management, management philosophy or our business strategy;

•

Risks facing us in our Services Segment, including our third-party claims administration operations, that are distinct from those we face in our insurance intermediary operations;

•

The limitations of our system of disclosure and internal controls and procedures in preventing errors or fraud, or in informing management of all material information in a timely manner;

•

The significant control certain existing shareholders have over the Company;

•

Risks related to our international operations, which may require more time and expense than our domestic operations to achieve or maintain profitability;

•

Changes in data privacy and protection laws and regulations or any failure to comply with such laws and regulations;

•

Improper disclosure of confidential information;

•

The potential adverse effect of certain actual or potential claims, regulatory actions or proceedings on our businesses, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity;

•

Uncertainty in our business practices and compensation arrangements due to potential changes in regulations;

•

Regulatory changes that could reduce our profitability or growth by increasing compliance costs, technology compliance, restricting the products or services we may sell, the markets we may enter, the methods by which we may sell our products and services, or the prices we may charge for our services and the form of compensation we may accept from our customers, carriers and third-parties;

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•

A decrease in demand for liability insurance as a result of tort reform litigation;

•

Our failure to comply with any covenants contained in our debt agreements;

•

The possibility that covenants in our debt agreements could prevent us from engaging in certain potentially beneficial activities;

•

Changes in the U.S.-based credit markets that might adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition;

•

Risks associated with the current interest rate environment, and to the extent we use debt to finance our investments, changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital and net investment income;

•

Disintermediation within the insurance industry, including increased competition from insurance companies, technology companies and the financial services industry, as well as the shift away from traditional insurance markets;

•

Changes in current U.S. or global economic conditions;

•

Effects related to pandemics, epidemics, or outbreaks of infectious diseases;

•

Conditions that result in reduced insurer capacity;

•

Quarterly and annual variations in our commissions that result from the timing of policy renewals and the net effect of new and lost business production;

•

Intangible asset risk, including the possibility that our goodwill may become impaired in the future; and

•

Other risks and uncertainties as may be detailed from time to time in our public announcements and Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings.

Assumptions as to any of the foregoing, and all statements, are not based upon historical fact, but rather reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events. Forward-looking statements that we make or that are made by others on our behalf are based upon a knowledge of our business and the environment in which we operate, but because of the factors listed above, among others, actual results may differ from those in the forward-looking statements. Consequently, these cautionary statements qualify all of the forward-looking statements we make herein. We cannot assure you that the results or developments anticipated by us will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that those results or developments will result in the expected consequences for us or affect us, our business or our operations in the way we expect. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates. We assume no obligation to update any of the forward-looking statements.

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 — Financial Statements (Unaudited)

BROWN & BROWN, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

	For the three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2021			2020
REVENUES
Commissions and fees	$	814,037		$	696,503
Investment income		250			1,161
Other		989			831
Total revenues		815,276			698,495
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		429,498			349,624
Other operating expenses		94,363			107,132
(Gain)/loss on disposal		(193	)		(260	)
Amortization		29,493			26,391
Depreciation		7,456			6,021
Interest		16,342			15,291
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(890	)		(10,957	)
Total expenses		576,069			493,242
Income before income taxes		239,207			205,253
Income taxes		39,463			52,853
Net income	$	199,744		$	152,400
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.71		$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.70		$	0.54
Dividends declared per share	$	0.093		$	0.085

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BROWN & BROWN, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Net income	$	199,744		$	152,400
Foreign currency translation		(5,253	)		—
Unrealized gain on available for sale debt securities, net of tax		263			—
Comprehensive income	$	194,754		$	152,400

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BROWN & BROWN, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	678,744		$	817,398
Restricted cash		461,980			454,517
Short-term investments		11,926			18,332
Premiums, commissions and fees receivable		1,153,071			1,099,248
Reinsurance recoverable		26,290			43,469
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		345,031			377,615
Other current assets		115,989			147,670
Total current assets		2,793,031			2,958,249
Fixed assets, net		205,766			201,115
Operating lease assets		180,946			186,998
Goodwill		4,473,042			4,395,918
Amortizable intangible assets, net		1,060,364			1,049,660
Investments		31,734			24,971
Other assets		165,910			149,581
Total assets	$	8,910,793		$	8,966,492
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Premiums payable to insurance companies	$	1,147,507		$	1,198,529
Losses and loss adjustment reserve		26,290			43,469
Unearned premiums		345,031			377,615
Premium deposits and credits due customers		128,413			102,505
Accounts payable		245,822			190,497
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		277,919			371,737
Current portion of long-term debt		70,000			70,000
Total current liabilities		2,240,982			2,354,352
Long-term debt less unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		2,009,100			2,025,906
Operating lease liabilities		166,997			172,935
Deferred income taxes, net		359,629			344,222
Other liabilities		303,088			314,854
Shareholders’ Equity:
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share; authorized 560,000 shares; issued 300,223 shares and outstanding 281,980 shares at 2021, issued 299,689 shares and outstanding 283,004 shares at 2020		30,022			29,969
Additional paid-in capital		772,866			794,909
Treasury stock, at cost at 18,243 shares at 2021, 16,685 shares at 2020, respectively		(661,358	)		(591,338	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(4,990	)		—
Retained earnings		3,694,457			3,520,683
Total shareholders’ equity		3,830,997			3,754,223
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	8,910,793		$	8,966,492

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BROWN & BROWN, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

	Common Stock
(in thousands, except per share data)	Shares			Par Value			Additional Paid-In Capital			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Retained Earnings			Total
Balance at December 31, 2020		299,689		$	29,969		$	794,909		$	(591,338	)	$	—		$	3,520,683		$	3,754,223
Net income																	199,744			199,744
Net unrealized holding (loss) gain on available-for- sale debt securities								(508	)					263						(245	)
Foreign currency translation														(5,253	)		122			(5,131	)
Employee stock purchase plans								3,032												3,032
Common stock issued
Stock incentive plans		1,400			140			15,506												15,646
Agency acquisition		107			11			4,881												4,892
Repurchase shares to fund tax withholdings for non-cash stock-based compensation		(973	)		(98	)		(44,954	)											(45,052	)
Purchase of treasury stock											(70,020	)								(70,020	)
Cash dividends paid ($0.093 per share)																	(26,092	)		(26,092	)
Balance at March 31, 2021		300,223		$	30,022		$	772,866		$	(661,358	)	$	(4,990	)	$	3,694,457		$	3,830,997

Balance at December 31, 2019		297,106		$	29,711		$	716,049		$	(536,243	)	$	—		$	3,140,762		$	3,350,279
Net income																	152,400			152,400
Net unrealized holding gain on available-for- sale debt securities								194								99				293
Common stock issued for employee stock benefit plans		1,828			182			2,018												2,200
Purchase of treasury stock											(1,429	)								(1,429	)
Cash dividends paid ($0.085 per share)																	(23,902	)		(23,902	)
Balance at March 31, 2020		298,934		$	29,893		$	718,261		$	(537,672	)	$	—		$	3,269,359		$	3,479,841

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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BROWN & BROWN, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	199,744		$	152,400
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization		29,493			26,391
Depreciation		7,456			6,021
Non-cash stock-based compensation		18,678			9,047
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(890	)		(10,957	)
Deferred income taxes		10,569			(4,974	)
Amortization of debt discount and disposal of deferred financing costs		694			512
Amortization (accretion) of discounts and premiums, investment		31			7
Net (gain)/loss on sales of investments, fixed assets and customer accounts		(378	)		(196	)
Payments on acquisition earn-outs in excess of original estimated payables		(354	)		(337	)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes		245			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect from acquisitions and divestitures:
Premiums, commissions and fees receivable (increase) decrease		(22,036	)		(53,090	)
Reinsurance recoverables (increase) decrease		17,179			24,949
Prepaid reinsurance premiums (increase) decrease		32,584			32,215
Other assets (increase) decrease		25,253			24,623
Premiums payable to insurance companies increase (decrease)		(103,841	)		(53,622	)
Premium deposits and credits due customers increase (decrease)		25,908			13,149
Losses and loss adjustment reserve increase (decrease)		(17,179	)		(24,952	)
Unearned premiums increase (decrease)		(32,584	)		(32,215	)
Accounts payable increase (decrease)		68,874			56,981
Accrued expenses and other liabilities increase (decrease)		(106,994	)		(126,786	)
Other liabilities increase (decrease)		(27,344	)		(5,349	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		125,108			33,817
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to fixed assets		(11,425	)		(16,458	)
Payments for businesses acquired, net of cash acquired		(70,429	)		(153,291	)
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets and customer accounts		182			385
Purchases of investments		(5,098	)		(1,513	)
Proceeds from sales of investments		4,376			1,668
Net cash used in investing activities		(82,394	)		(169,209	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on acquisition earn-outs		(15,121	)		(6,477	)
Payments on long-term debt		(17,500	)		(13,750	)
Repurchase shares to fund tax withholdings for non-cash stock-based compensation		(45,052	)		(6,847	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(70,020	)		(1,429	)
Cash dividends paid		(26,092	)		(23,902	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(173,785	)		(52,405	)
Effect of foreign exchange rate cash changes		(120	)		—
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash		(131,191	)		(187,797	)
Cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash at beginning of period		1,271,915			962,975
Cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash at end of period	$	1,140,724		$	775,178

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Refer to Note 10 for the reconciliations of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1 Nature of Operations

Brown & Brown, Inc., a Florida corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Brown & Brown” or the “Company”) is a diversified insurance agency, wholesale brokerage, insurance programs and service organization that markets and sells insurance products and services, primarily in the property, casualty and employee benefits areas. Brown & Brown’s business is divided into four reportable segments. The Retail Segment provides a broad range of insurance products and services to commercial, public and quasi-public entities, professional and individual insured customers, and non-insurance risk-mitigating products through our automobile dealer services (“F&I”) businesses. The National Programs Segment, which acts as a managing general agent (“MGA”), provides professional liability and related package products for certain professionals, a range of insurance products for individuals, flood coverage, and targeted products and services designated for specific industries, trade groups, governmental entities and market niches, all of which are delivered through a nationwide network of independent agents, including Brown & Brown retail agents. The Wholesale Brokerage Segment markets and sells excess and surplus commercial and personal lines insurance, primarily through independent agents and brokers, as well as Brown & Brown retail agents. The Services Segment provides insurance-related services, including third-party claims administration and comprehensive medical utilization management services in both the workers’ compensation and all-lines liability arenas, as well as Medicare Set-aside services, Social Security disability and Medicare benefits advocacy services and claims adjusting services.

NOTE 2 Basis of Financial Reporting

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." The amendments provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating our contracts and the available expedients provided by the new standard; however, the Company can assert there is no impact to any carrying value of assets or liabilities aside from our floating-rate debt instruments that are indexed to LIBOR and are carried at amortized cost. Any further impact of adoption will be in determining the new periodic floating interest rate indexed to our floating-rate debt instruments with no impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet upon adoption.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”. The standard removes specific exceptions in the current rules and eliminates the need for an organization to analyze whether the following apply in a given period: (a) exception to the incremental approach for intra-period tax allocation; (b) exceptions to accounting for basis differences when there are ownership changes in foreign investments and (c) exception in interim period income tax accounting for year-to-date losses that exceed anticipated losses. The standard also is designed to improve financial statement preparers’ application of income tax-related guidance and simplify GAAP for (a) franchise taxes that are partially based on income; (b) transactions with a government that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill; (c) separate financial statements of legal entities that are not subject to tax and (d) enacted changes in tax laws in interim periods. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 effective January 1, 2021. The impact of adopting this standard was not material to the presentation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NOTE 3 Revenues

The following tables present the revenues disaggregated by revenue source:

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
(in thousands)	Retail		National Programs		Wholesale Brokerage		Services		Other ⁽⁸⁾			Total
Base commissions ⁽¹⁾	$	357,459	$	110,745	$	71,344	$	—	$	7		$	539,555
Fees ⁽²⁾		87,051		34,329		16,062		46,971		(424	)		183,989
Incentive commissions ⁽³⁾		57,347		788		1,150		—		—			59,285
Profit-sharing contingent commissions ⁽⁴⁾		15,735		8,316		1,899		—		—			25,950
Guaranteed supplemental commissions ⁽⁵⁾		4,615		394		249		—		—			5,258
Investment income⁽⁶⁾		18		152		41		3		36			250
Other ⁽⁷⁾		690		169		130		—		—			989
Total Revenues	$	522,915	$	154,893	$	90,875	$	46,974	$	(381	)	$	815,276

	Three months ended March 31, 2020
(in thousands)	Retail		National Programs			Wholesale Brokerage		Services		Other ⁽⁸⁾			Total
Base commissions ⁽¹⁾	$	315,888	$	88,582		$	55,563	$	—	$	—		$	460,033
Fees ⁽²⁾		57,483		34,659			15,641		44,452		(322	)		151,913
Incentive commissions ⁽³⁾		52,802		197			3,759		—		1			56,759
Profit-sharing contingent commissions ⁽⁴⁾		16,095		5,711			2,136		—		—			23,942
Guaranteed supplemental commissions ⁽⁵⁾		4,432		(1,013	)		437		—		—			3,856
Investment income⁽⁶⁾		83		263			50		—		765			1,161
Other ⁽⁷⁾		706		13			112		—		—			831
Total Revenues	$	447,489	$	128,412		$	77,698	$	44,452	$	444		$	698,495

(1)

Base commissions generally represent a percentage of the premium paid by an insured and are affected by fluctuations in both premium rate levels charged by insurance companies and the insureds’ underlying “insurable exposure units,” which are units that insurance companies use to measure or express insurance exposed to risk (such as property values, or sales and payroll levels) to determine what premium to charge the insured. Insurance companies establish these premium rates based upon many factors, including loss experience, risk profile and reinsurance rates paid by such insurance companies, none of which we control.

(2)	Fee revenues relate to fees for services other than securing coverage for our customers, fees negotiated in lieu of commissions, and F&I products and services.

(3)	Incentive commissions include additional commissions over base commissions received from insurance carriers based on predetermined production levels mutually agreed upon by both parties.

(4)	Profit-sharing contingent commissions are based primarily on underwriting results, but may also reflect considerations for volume, growth and/or retention.

(5)	Guaranteed supplemental commissions represent guaranteed fixed-base agreements in lieu of profit-sharing contingent commissions.

(6)	Investment income consists primarily of interest on cash and investments.

(7)	Other revenues consist primarily of legal settlements and other miscellaneous income.

(8)	Fees within other reflects the elimination of intercompany revenues.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The balances of contract assets and contract liabilities arising from contracts with customers as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Contract assets	$	403,203	$	308,755
Contract liabilities	$	78,392	$	80,997

Unbilled receivables (contract assets) arise when the Company recognizes revenue for amounts which have not yet been billed in the Company's systems and are reflected in premiums, commissions and fee receivables in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The increase in contract assets over the balance as of December 31, 2020 is due to normal seasonality and growth in our business. A significant portion of our business includes policies that renew in the first quarter, marking the satisfaction of the contractual performance obligation of arranging insurance coverage for our customers and therefore the recognition of revenue, but for which payment is received in installments in one or more subsequent quarters.

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Deferred revenue (contract liabilities) relates to payments received in advance of performance under the contract before the transfer of a good or service to the customer. Deferred revenue is reflected within accrued expenses and other liabilities for those to be recognized in less than 12 months and in other liabilities for those to be recognized more than 12 months from the date presented in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

As of March 31, 2021, deferred revenue consisted of $50.8 million as current portion to be recognized within one year and $27.6 million in long term to be recognized beyond one year. As of December 31, 2020, deferred revenue consisted of $54.0 million as current portion to be recognized within one year and $27.0 million in long-term deferred revenue to be recognized beyond one year.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the net amount of revenue recognized related to performance obligations satisfied in a previous period was $13.9 million, consisting of additional variable consideration received on guaranteed supplemental commissions. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the net amount of revenue recognized related to performance obligations satisfied in a previous period was $9.0 million. This revenue is primarily related to variable consideration and is inclusive of changes due to estimates.

Other Assets and Deferred Cost

Incremental cost to obtain - The Company defers certain costs to obtain customer contracts primarily as they relate to commission-based compensation plans in the Retail Segment, in which the Company pays an incremental amount of compensation on new business. These incremental costs are deferred and amortized over a 15-year period. The cost to obtain balance within the other assets caption in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $45.7 million and $42.2 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company deferred $4.3 million of incremental cost to obtain customer contracts. The Company recorded an expense of $0.8 million associated with the incremental cost to obtain customer contracts for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Cost to fulfill - The Company defers certain costs to fulfill contracts and recognizes these costs as the associated performance obligations are fulfilled. The cost to fulfill balance within the other current assets caption in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2021 was $61.9 million, which is inclusive of deferrals from businesses acquired in the current year. The cost to fulfill balance as of December 31, 2020 was $77.8 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company had net expense of $18.5 million related to the release of previously deferred contract fulfillment costs associated with performance obligations that were satisfied in the period, net of current year deferrals for costs incurred that related to performance obligations yet to be fulfilled.

NOTE 4 Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares (excluding participating securities) issued and outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares issued and outstanding plus equivalent shares, assuming the exercise of stock options. The dilutive effect of stock options is computed by application of the treasury-stock method. The following is a reconciliation between basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding:

	For the three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2021			2020
Net income	$	199,744		$	152,400
Net income attributable to unvested awarded performance stock		(4,966	)		(5,192	)
Net income attributable to common shares	$	194,778		$	147,208
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic		282,621			282,397
Less unvested awarded performance stock included in weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic		(7,027	)		(9,621	)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding for basic net income per common share		275,594			272,776
Dilutive effect of stock options		1,361			2,085
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – diluted		276,955			274,861
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.71		$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.70		$	0.54

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NOTE 5 Business Combinations

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, Brown & Brown acquired all of the share capital of one insurance intermediary and one book of business (customer accounts). Additionally, adjustments were recorded to the purchase price allocation of certain prior acquisitions completed within the last 12 months as permitted by Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805 — Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Such adjustments are presented in the “Other” category within the following two tables. The recorded purchase price for all acquisitions includes an estimation of the fair value of liabilities associated with any potential earn-out provisions. Subsequent changes in the fair value of earn-out obligations will be recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income when incurred.

The fair value of earn-out obligations is based on the present value of the expected future payments to be made to the sellers of the acquired businesses in accordance with the provisions outlined in the respective purchase agreements. In determining fair value, the acquired business’s future performance is estimated using financial projections developed by management for the acquired business and reflects market participant assumptions regarding revenue growth and/or profitability. The expected future payments are estimated on the basis of the earn-out formula and performance targets specified in each purchase agreement compared to the associated financial projections. These payments are then discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted rate that takes into consideration the likelihood that the forecasted earn-out payments will be made.

Based on the acquisition date and the complexity of the underlying valuation work, certain amounts included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements may be provisional and thus subject to further adjustments within the permitted measurement period, as defined in ASC 805. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, adjustments were made within the permitted measurement period that resulted in a decrease in the aggregate purchase price of the affected acquisitions of $0.6 million relating to the assumption of certain liabilities. These measurement period adjustments have been reflected as current period adjustments in the three months ended March 31, 2021 in accordance with the guidance in ASU 2015-16 “Business Combinations.” The measurement period adjustments primarily impacted goodwill, with no effect on earnings or cash in the current period.

The following table summarizes the purchase price allocations made as of the date of each acquisition for current year acquisitions and adjustments made during the measurement period for prior year acquisitions. Cash paid for two acquisitions was $116.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 During the measurement periods, the Company will adjust assets or liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in the recognition of those assets and liabilities as of that date. These adjustments are made in the period in which the amounts are determined, and the current period income effect, if any, of such adjustments will be calculated as if the adjustments had been completed as of the acquisition date.

(in thousands)
Name	Business segment	Effective date of acquisition	Cash paid			Common Stock Issued		Other payable			Recorded earn-out payable			Net assets acquired			Maximum potential earn- out payable
O'Leary Insurances (O'Leary)	Retail	January 1, 2021	$	117,408		$	4,892	$	—		$	15,348		$	137,648		$	30,575
Other ⁽¹⁾	Various	Various		(845	)		—		(9	)		(360	)		(1,214	)		—
Total			$	116,563		$	4,892	$	(9	)	$	14,988		$	136,434		$	30,575

(1) Amount includes a foreign currency conversion adjustment for an acquisition in 2020.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the aggregate assets and liabilities acquired as of the date of each acquisition and adjustments made during the measurement period of the prior year acquisitions.

(in thousands)	O'Leary			Other			Total
Cash	$	45,441		$	693		$	46,134
Other current assets		43,433			2,771			46,204
Fixed assets		546			—			546
Goodwill		84,290			(4,366	)		79,924
Purchased customer accounts		40,459			344			40,803
Non-compete agreements		819			24			843
Other assets		42			258			300
Total assets acquired		215,030			(276	)		214,754
Other current liabilities		(72,312	)		(938	)		(73,250	)
Deferred income tax, net		(5,057	)		—			(5,057	)
Other liabilities		(13	)		—			(13	)
Total liabilities assumed		(77,382	)		(938	)		(78,320	)
Net assets acquired	$	137,648		$	(1,214	)	$	136,434

The other column represents current year acquisitions with total net assets acquired of less than $20.0 million and adjustments from prior year acquisitions that were made within the permitted measurement period.

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The weighted average useful lives for the acquired amortizable intangible assets are as follows: purchased customer accounts, 15 years; and non-compete agreements, 3 years.

Goodwill of $79.9 million, which is net of any opening balance sheet adjustments within the allowable measurement period, was allocated to the Retail, National Programs, and Wholesale Brokerage in the amounts of $83.3 million, ($1.3) million, and ($2.0) million, respectively. Of the total goodwill of $79.9 million, the amount currently deductible for income tax purposes is $64.9 million and the remaining $15.0 million relates to the recorded earn-out payables and will not be deductible until it is earned and paid.

For the acquisitions completed during 2021, the results of operations since the acquisition dates have been combined with those of the Company. The total revenues from the acquisitions completed through March 31, 2021, included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021, was $8.7 million. The income before income taxes, including the intercompany cost of capital charge, from the acquisitions completed through March 31, 2021, included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021, was $0.4 million. If the acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of the respective periods, the Company’s estimated results of operations would be as shown in the following table. These unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the actual results of operations that would have occurred had the acquisitions actually been made at the beginning of the respective periods.

(UNAUDITED)	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2021		2020
Total revenues	$	815,305	$	706,714
Income before income taxes	$	239,217	$	206,723
Net income	$	199,752	$	153,491
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.71	$	0.54
Diluted	$	0.70	$	0.54
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic		275,594		272,776
Diluted		276,955		274,861

As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, the fair values of the estimated acquisition earn-out payables were re-evaluated and measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) as defined in ASC 820- Fair Value Measurement. The resulting additions, payments, and net changes, as well as the interest expense accretion on the estimated acquisition earn-out payables, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Balance as of the beginning of the period	$	258,943		$	161,513
Additions to estimated acquisition earn-out payables		14,988			13,978
Payments for estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(15,475	)		(6,814	)
Subtotal		258,456			168,677
Net change in earnings from estimated acquisition earn-out payables:
Change in fair value on estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(2,713	)		(12,641	)
Interest expense accretion		1,823			1,684
Net change in earnings from estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(890	)		(10,957	)
Balance as of March 31,	$	257,566		$	157,720

Of the $257.6 million estimated acquisition earn-out payables as of March 31, 2021, $103.3 million was recorded as accounts payable and $154.3 million was recorded as other non-current liabilities. As of March 31, 2021, the maximum future acquisition contingency payments related to all acquisitions was $558.5 million, inclusive of the $257.6 million estimated acquisition earn-out payables as of March 31, 2021. Included within the additions to estimated acquisition earn-out payables are any adjustments to opening balance sheet items within the allowable measurement period, which may therefore differ from previously reported amounts. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a decrease in the estimated acquisition earn-out payables for acquisitions completed in the last three years partially as a result of the potential for lower future financial performance associated with COVID-19.

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On July 27, 2020, the Company, The Hays Group, Inc., and certain of their affiliates entered into an amendment to the asset purchase agreement, dated as of October 22, 2018. Pursuant to the amendment, the parties agreed, among other things, that (i) based on the financial performance of the acquired business from the period from January 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020, the acquired business achieved sufficient average annual EBITDA that the calculated earn-out payments will exceed the maximum earn-out payments amount of $25.0 million, (ii) the maximum earn-out payments of $25.0 million were deemed to have been achieved as of the date of the amendment, and (iii) the earn-out payments of $25.0 million will be paid in accordance with the asset purchase agreement in the first quarter of calendar year 2022. The amendment will not have an any impact on the Company’s financial statements, as the estimated acquisition earn-out payable as of June 30, 2020 had already been recorded at the present value of the maximum amount of $25.0 million.

NOTE 6 Goodwill

Goodwill is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair value-based test. The Company completed its most recent annual assessment as of November 30, 2020 and identified no impairment as a result of the evaluation.

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are as follows:

(in thousands)	Retail			National Programs			Wholesale Brokerage			Services		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	2,650,470		$	1,091,122		$	483,057		$	171,269	$	4,395,918
Goodwill of acquired businesses		83,301			(1,337	)		(2,040	)		—		79,924
Goodwill disposed of relating to sales of businesses		—			—			—			—		—
Foreign currency translation adjustments during the year		(3,469	)		669			—			—		(2,800	)
Balance as of March 31, 2021	$	2,730,302		$	1,090,454		$	481,017		$	171,269	$	4,473,042

NOTE 7 Amortizable Intangible Assets

Amortizable intangible assets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2021									December 31, 2020
(in thousands)	Gross carrying value		Accumulated amortization			Net carrying value		Weighted average life (years) ₍₁₎		Gross carrying value		Accumulated amortization			Net carrying value		Weighted average life (years) ₍₁₎
Purchased customer accounts	$	2,205,764	$	(1,148,875	)	$	1,056,889		15.0	$	2,164,968	$	(1,118,316	)	$	1,046,652		15.0
Non-compete agreements		35,912		(32,437	)		3,475		4.4		35,093		(32,085	)		3,008		4.6
Total	$	2,241,676	$	(1,181,312	)	$	1,060,364			$	2,200,061	$	(1,150,401	)	$	1,049,660

(1)	Weighted average life calculated as of the date of acquisition.

Amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025 is estimated to be $116.9 million, $112.4 million, $105.4 million, $101.5 million, and $99.1 million, respectively.

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NOTE 8 Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted of the following:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
Current portion of long-term debt:
Current portion of 5-year term loan facility expires 2022	$	40,000		$	40,000
Current portion of 5-year term loan facility expires 2023		30,000			30,000
Total current portion of long-term debt		70,000			70,000
Long-term debt:
Note agreements:
4.200% senior notes, semi-annual interest payments, net of the unamortized discount, balloon due 2024	$	499,455		$	499,416
4.500% senior notes, semi-annual interest payments, net of the unamortized discount, balloon due 2029		349,555			349,540
2.375% senior notes, semi-annual interest payments, net of the unamortized discount, balloon due 2031		699,270			699,252
Total notes		1,548,280			1,548,208
Credit agreements:
5-year term-loan facility, periodic interest and principal payments, LIBOR plus up to 1.750%, expires June 28, 2022		240,000			250,000
5-year revolving-loan facility, periodic interest payments, LIBOR plus up to 1.500%, plus commitment fees up to 0.250%, expires June 28, 2022		—			—
5-year term-loan facility, periodic interest and principal payments, LIBOR plus up to 1.750%, expires December 21, 2023		232,500			240,000
Total credit agreements		472,500			490,000
Debt issuance costs (contra)		(11,680	)		(12,302	)
Total long-term debt less unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		2,009,100			2,025,906
Current portion of long-term debt		70,000			70,000
Total debt	$	2,079,100		$	2,095,906

On June 28, 2017, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit agreement (the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) with the lenders named therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent and certain other banks as co-syndication agents and co-documentation agents. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement amended and restated the credit agreement dated April 17, 2014, among such parties (the “Original Credit Agreement”). The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement extends the applicable maturity date of the existing revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) of $800.0 million to June 28, 2022 and re-evidences unsecured term loans at $400.0 million while also extending the applicable maturity date to June 28, 2022. The quarterly term loan principal amortization schedule was reset. At the time of the execution of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, $67.5 million of principal from the original unsecured term loans was repaid using operating cash balances, and the Company added an additional $2.8 million in debt issuance costs related to the Revolving Credit Facility to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company also expensed to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income $0.2 million of debt issuance costs related to the Original Credit Agreement due to certain lenders exiting prior to execution of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. The Company also carried forward $1.6 million on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet the remaining unamortized portion of the Original Credit Agreement debt issuance costs, which will be amortized over the term of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2021, there was an outstanding debt balance issued under the term loan of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement of $280.0 million and no borrowings outstanding against the Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2020, there was an outstanding debt balance issued under the term loan of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement of $290.0 million with no borrowings outstanding against the Revolving Credit Facility.

On September 18, 2014, the Company issued $500.0 million of 4.200% unsecured Senior Notes due in 2024. The Senior Notes were given investment grade ratings of BBB-/Baa3 with a stable outlook. The notes are subject to certain covenant restrictions and regulations which are customary for credit rated obligations. At the time of funding, the proceeds were offered at a discount of the original note amount which also excluded an underwriting fee discount. The net proceeds received from the issuance were used to repay the outstanding balance of $475.0 million on the Revolving Credit Facility and for other general corporate purposes. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there was an outstanding debt balance of $500.0 million exclusive of the associated discount balance.

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On December 21, 2018, the Company entered into a term loan credit agreement (the “Term Loan Credit Agreement”) with the lenders named therein, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and certain other banks as co-syndication agents and as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners. The Term Loan Credit Agreement provides for an unsecured term loan in the initial amount of $300.0 million, which may, subject to lenders’ discretion, potentially be increased up to an aggregate amount of $450.0 million (the “Term Loan”). The Term Loan is repayable over the five-year term from the effective date of the Term Loan Credit Agreement, which was December 21, 2018. Based on the Company’s net debt leverage ratio or a non-credit enhanced senior unsecured long-term debt rating as determined by Moody’s Investor Service and Standard & Poor’s Rating Service, the rates of interest charged on the term loan are 1.00% to 1.75%, above the adjusted 1-Month LIBOR rate. On December 21, 2018, the Company borrowed $300.0 million under the Term Loan Credit Agreement and used $250.0 million of the proceeds to reduce indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2021, there was an outstanding debt balance issued under the Term Loan of $262.5 million. As of December 31, 2020, there was an outstanding debt balance issued under the Term Loan of $270.0 million.

On March 11, 2019, the Company completed the issuance of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Company's 4.500% Senior Notes due 2029. The Senior Notes were given investment grade ratings of BBB-/Baa3 with a stable outlook. The notes are subject to certain covenant restrictions, which are customary for credit rated obligations. At the time of funding, the proceeds were offered at a discount of the original note amount, which also excluded an underwriting fee discount. The net proceeds received from the issuance were used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance of $350.0 million on the Revolving Credit Facility, utilized in connection with the financing related to the Hays Companies acquisition and for other general corporate purposes. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there was an outstanding debt balance of $350.0 million exclusive of the associated discount balance.

On September 24, 2020, the Company completed the issuance of $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Company's 2.375% Senior Notes due 2031. The Senior Notes were given investment grade ratings of BBB- stable outlook and Baa3 positive outlook. The notes are subject to certain covenant restrictions, which are customary for credit rated obligations. At the time of funding, the proceeds were offered at a discount of the original note amount, which also excluded an underwriting fee discount. The net proceeds received from the issuance were used to repay a portion of the outstanding balance of $200.0 million on the Revolving Credit Facility, utilized in connection with the financing related to the acquisitions of LP Insurance Services, LLP and CKP Insurance, LLC and for other general corporate purposes. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 there was an outstanding debt balance of $700.0 million exclusive of the associated discount balance.

The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement require the Company to maintain certain financial ratios and comply with certain other covenants. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The 30-day Adjusted LIBOR Rate for the term loan of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2021 were each 0.125%.

NOTE 9 Leases

Substantially all of the Company's operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities represent real estate leases for office space used to conduct the Company's business that expire on various dates through 2041. Leases generally contain renewal options and escalation clauses based upon increases in the lessors’ operating expenses and other charges. The Company anticipates that most of these leases will be renewed or replaced upon expiration.

The Company assesses at inception of a contract if it contains a lease. This assessment is based on: (1) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) whether the Company obtains the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the period, and (3) whether the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

The initial right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is primarily composed of the initial lease liability, plus any initial direct costs incurred, less any lease incentives received. The initial lease liability is measured at the present value of the minimum lease payments through the term of the lease. Minimum lease payments are discounted to present value using the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date, which approximates the rate of interest the Company expects to pay on a secured borrowing in an amount equal to the lease payments for the underlying asset under similar terms and economic conditions. The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a total term of 12 months or less. The effect of short-term leases on the Company's right-of-use asset and lease liability would not be significant.

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The balances and classification of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet is as follows:

(in thousands)		March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Balance Sheet
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease assets	$	180,946	$	186,998
Total assets			180,946		186,998
Liabilities:
Current operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		43,676		43,542
Non-current operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities		166,997		172,935
Total liabilities		$	210,673	$	216,477

As of March 31, 2021, the Company has entered into future lease agreements expected to commence later in 2021 consisting of undiscounted lease liabilities of $5.3 million.

Lease expense for operating leases consists of the lease payments, inclusive of lease incentives, plus any initial direct costs, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Included in lease expense are any variable lease payments incurred in the period that were not included in the initial lease liability. Variable lease cost is lease payments that are based on an index or similar rate. They are initially measured using the index or rate in effect at lease commencement and are based on the minimum payments stated in the lease. Additional payments based on the change in an index or rate, or payments based on a change in the Company's portion of the operating expenses, including real estate taxes and insurance, are recorded as a period expense when incurred.

The components of lease cost for operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were:

	For the three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Operating leases:
Lease cost	$	13,259		$	12,968
Variable lease cost		1,004			845
Short-term lease cost		189			128
Operating lease cost	$	14,452		$	13,941
Sublease income		(351	)		(268	)
Total lease cost net	$	14,101		$	13,673

The weighted average remaining lease term and the weighted average discount rate for operating leases as of March 31, 2021 were:

Weighted-average remaining lease term			5.84
Weighted-average discount rate			3.26

Maturities of the operating lease liabilities by fiscal year at March 31, 2021 for the Company's operating leases are as follows:

(in thousands)	Operating leases
2021 (Remainder)	$	37,001
2022		47,493
2023		40,274
2024		31,850
2025		23,683
Thereafter		50,488
Total undiscounted lease payments		230,789
Less: Imputed interest		20,116
Present value of lease payments	$	210,673

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Supplemental cash flow information for operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

	For the three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2020
Cash paid against amounts included in measurement of liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	13,819	$	13,001
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating liabilities	$	5,232	$	19,158

NOTE 10 Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information and Non-Cash Financing and Investing Activities

Throughout 2020, the Company deferred $31.1 million in employer-only payroll tax payments as allowed under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), which was signed into law on March 27, 2020. During the first quarter of 2021, there were no additional deferrals under the CARES Act. The cumulative deferred employer payroll taxes as of December 31, 2020 will be paid in two equal installments by December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively, as permitted under the CARES Act.

Brown & Brown's cash paid during the period for interest and income taxes are summarized as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2020
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	28,582	$	24,028
Income taxes, net of refunds	$	4,225	$	4,296

Brown & Brown’s significant non-cash investing and financing activities are summarized as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Other payable issued for purchased customer accounts	$	(9	)	$	1,547
Estimated acquisition earn-out payables and related charges	$	14,988		$	13,978
Common stock issued for agency acquisition	$	4,892		$	—
Notes payable issued or assumed for purchased customer accounts	$	(1,355	)	$	—

The Company's restricted cash balance is composed of funds held in separate premium trust accounts as required by state law or, in some cases, by agreement with carrier partners. The following is a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash as of March 31, 2021 and 2020.

	Balance as of March 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2020
Table to reconcile cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash
Cash and cash equivalents	$	678,744	$	385,788
Restricted cash		461,980		389,390
Total cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash at the end of the period	$	1,140,724	$	775,178

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NOTE 11 Legal and Regulatory Proceedings

The Company is involved in numerous pending or threatened proceedings by or against Brown & Brown, Inc. or one or more of its subsidiaries that arise in the ordinary course of business. The damages that may be claimed against the Company in these proceedings are in some cases substantial, including in certain instances claims for punitive or extraordinary damages. Some of these claims and lawsuits have been resolved; others are in the process of being resolved and others are still in the investigation or discovery phase. The Company will continue to respond appropriately to these claims and lawsuits and to vigorously protect its interests.

The Company continues to assess certain litigation and claims to determine the amounts, if any, that management believes will be paid as a result of such claims and litigation and, therefore, additional losses may be accrued and paid in the future, which could adversely impact the Company’s operating results, cash flows and overall liquidity. The Company maintains third-party insurance policies to provide coverage for certain legal claims, in an effort to mitigate its overall exposure to unanticipated claims or adverse decisions. However, as (i) one or more of the Company’s insurance carriers could take the position that portions of these claims are not covered by the Company’s insurance, (ii) to the extent that payments are made to resolve claims and lawsuits, applicable insurance policy limits are eroded and (iii) the claims and lawsuits relating to these matters are continuing to develop, it is possible that future results of operations or cash flows for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by unfavorable resolutions of these matters. Based upon the AM Best Company ratings of these third-party insurers and other factors, management does not believe there is a substantial risk of an insurer’s material non-performance related to any current insured claims.

On the basis of current information, the availability of insurance and legal advice, in management’s opinion, the Company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings which, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, operations and/or cash flows.

NOTE 12 Segment Information

Brown & Brown’s business is divided into four reportable segments: (1) the Retail Segment, which provides a broad range of insurance products and services to commercial, public and quasi-public entities, and to professional and individual customers, and non-insurance risk-mitigating products through our F&I businesses, (2) the National Programs Segment, which acts as an MGA, provides professional liability and related package products for certain professionals, a range of insurance products for individuals, flood coverage, and targeted products and services designated for specific industries, trade groups, governmental entities and market niches, all of which are delivered through nationwide networks of independent agents, and Brown & Brown retail agents, (3) the Wholesale Brokerage Segment, which markets and sells excess and surplus commercial and personal lines insurance, primarily through independent agents and brokers, as well as Brown & Brown retail agents, and (4) the Services Segment, which provides insurance-related services, including third-party claims administration and comprehensive medical utilization management services in both the workers’ compensation and all-lines liability arenas, as well as Medicare Set-aside services, Social Security disability and Medicare benefits advocacy services and claims adjusting services.

Brown & Brown conducts most of its operations within the United States of America. International operations include, Retail operations in Bermuda, the Cayman Islands and Ireland, a National Programs operation in Canada, and a Wholesale Brokerage operation based in London, England. These operations earned $17.5 million and $3.9 million of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Tangible long-lived assets held outside of the United States as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 were not material.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Intersegment revenues are eliminated.

Summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments is shown in the following tables. The “Other” column includes any revenue and expenses not allocated to reportable segments, corporate-related items, including the intercompany interest expense charge to the reporting segment.

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
(in thousands)	Retail		National Programs		Wholesale Brokerage		Services		Other			Total
Total revenues	$	522,915	$	154,893	$	90,875	$	46,974	$	(381	)	$	815,276
Investment income	$	18	$	152	$	41	$	3	$	36		$	250
Amortization	$	18,833	$	6,875	$	2,397	$	1,388	$	—		$	29,493
Depreciation	$	2,758	$	2,147	$	644	$	381	$	1,526		$	7,456
Interest expense	$	22,621	$	4,128	$	4,253	$	821	$	(15,481	)	$	16,342
Income before income taxes	$	151,223	$	41,148	$	18,782	$	9,257	$	18,797		$	239,207
Total assets	$	7,210,499	$	3,398,682	$	1,787,033	$	483,920	$	(3,969,341	)	$	8,910,793
Capital expenditures	$	2,316	$	3,001	$	489	$	157	$	5,462		$	11,425

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	Three months ended March 31, 2020
(in thousands)	Retail		National Programs		Wholesale Brokerage		Services		Other			Total
Total revenues	$	447,489	$	128,412	$	77,698	$	44,452	$	444		$	698,495
Investment income	$	83	$	263	$	50	$	—	$	765		$	1,161
Amortization	$	16,287	$	6,365	$	2,349	$	1,390	$	—		$	26,391
Depreciation	$	2,036	$	1,905	$	431	$	351	$	1,298		$	6,021
Interest expense	$	21,798	$	4,682	$	1,711	$	1,091	$	(13,991	)	$	15,291
Income before income taxes	$	128,662	$	29,645	$	17,686	$	10,080	$	19,180		$	205,253
Total assets	$	6,375,532	$	3,054,411	$	1,514,243	$	475,168	$	(3,837,009	)	$	7,582,345
Capital expenditures	$	2,499	$	1,513	$	1,227	$	267	$	10,952		$	16,458

NOTE 13 Investments

At March 31, 2021, the Company’s amortized cost and fair values of fixed maturity securities are summarized as follows:

(in thousands)	Cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value
U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government agencies and municipalities	$	28,917	$	338	$	(183	)	$	29,072
Corporate debt		8,841		221		(17	)		9,045
Total	$	37,758	$	559	$	(200	)	$	38,117

At March 31, 2021, the Company held $29.1 million in fixed income securities composed of U.S. Treasury securities, securities issued by U.S. Government agencies and municipalities, and $9.0 million issued by corporations with investment grade ratings. Of that total, $6.4 million is classified as short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as maturities are less than one year. Additionally, the Company holds $5.5 million in short-term investments, which are related to time deposits held with various financial institutions.

For securities in a loss position, the following table shows the investments’ gross unrealized loss and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2021:

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More				Total
(in thousands)	Fair value		Unrealized losses			Fair value		Unrealized losses		Fair value		Unrealized losses
U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government agencies and municipalities	$	11,864	$	(184	)	$	—	$	—	$	11,864	$	(184	)
Corporate debt		2,909		(17	)		—		—		2,909		(17	)
Total	$	14,773	$	(201	)	$	—	$	—	$	14,773	$	(201	)

At March 31, 2021, the Company had 15 securities in an unrealized loss position. The unrealized losses for the period ended March 31, 2021 were caused by interest rate increases. The corporate securities are highly rated securities with no indicators of potential impairment. Based on the ability and intent of the Company to hold these investments until recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the bonds were not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2021.

At December 31, 2020, the Company’s amortized cost and fair values of fixed maturity securities are summarized as follows:

(in thousands)	Cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value
U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government agencies and municipalities	$	28,372	$	464	$	(5	)	$	28,831
Corporate debt		7,190		239		(6	)		7,423
Total	$	35,562	$	703	$	(11	)	$	36,254

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At December 31, 2020, the Company held $28.8 million in fixed income securities composed of U.S. Treasury securities, securities issued by U.S. Government agencies and municipalities, and $7.4 million issued by corporations with investment grade ratings. Of that total, $11.3 million is classified as short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as maturities are less than one year, which also includes $7.0 million that is related to time deposits held with various financial institutions.

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More				Total
(in thousands)	Fair value		Unrealized losses			Fair value		Unrealized losses		Fair value		Unrealized losses
U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government agencies and municipalities	$	1,995	$	(5	)	$	—	$	—	$	1,995	$	(5	)
Corporate debt		808		(6	)		—		—		808		(6	)
Total	$	2,803	$	(11	)	$	—	$	—	$	2,803	$	(11	)

The unrealized losses from corporate issuers were caused by interest rate increases. At December 31, 2020, the Company had 3 securities in an unrealized loss position. The corporate securities are highly rated securities with no indicators of potential impairment. Based on the ability and intent of the Company to hold these investments until recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the bonds were not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2020.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of the fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2021 by contractual maturity are set forth below:

(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Fair value
Years to maturity:
Due in one year or less	$	6,348	$	6,383
Due after one year through five years		30,410		30,771
Due after five years		1,000		963
Total	$	37,758	$	38,117

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of the fixed maturity securities at December 31, 2020 by contractual maturity are set forth below:

(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Fair value
Years to maturity:
Due in one year or less	$	11,214	$	11,283
Due after one year through five years		23,348		23,976
Due after five years		1,000		995
Total	$	35,562	$	36,254

The expected maturities in the foregoing table may differ from the contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalty.

Proceeds from the sales and maturity of the Company’s investment in fixed maturity securities were $2.9 million. This along with maturing time deposits yielded total cash proceeds from the sale of investments of $4.4 million in the period of January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. These proceeds were principally used to purchase additional $5.1 million of fixed maturity securities and time deposits. The gains and losses realized on the sale of securities for the period from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021 were insignificant.

Realized gains and losses are reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, with the cost of securities sold determined on a specific identification basis.

At March 31, 2021, investments with a fair value of approximately $4.2 million were on deposit with state insurance departments to satisfy regulatory requirements.

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NOTE 14 Insurance Company WNFIC

Although the reinsurers are liable to the Company for amounts reinsured, our subsidiary, Wright National Flood Insurance Company (“WNFIC”) remains primarily liable to its policyholders for the full amount of the policies written whether or not the reinsurers meet their obligations to the Company when they become due. The effects of reinsurance on premiums written and earned are as follows:

	For the three months ended March 31, 2021
(in thousands)	Written			Earned
Direct premiums	$	145,480		$	178,064
Ceded premiums		(145,477	)		(178,061	)
Net premiums	$	3		$	3

All premiums written by WNFIC under the National Flood Insurance Program (“NFIP”) are 100% ceded to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, for which WNFIC received a 30.0% expense allowance from January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021. For the period from January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021, the Company ceded $145.0 million of written premiums to FEMA, with $0.5 million ceded to highly rated carriers for excess flood policies which are not within the NFIP.

As of March 31, 2021 the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet contained reinsurance recoverable of $26.3 million and prepaid reinsurance premiums of $345.0 million. There was no change in the net balance in the reserve for losses and loss adjustment expense during the period January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021, as WNFIC’s direct premiums written were 100% to two reinsurers. The balance of the reserve for losses and loss adjustment expense, excluding related reinsurance recoverable, as of March 31, 2021 was $26.3 million.

WNFIC maintains capital in excess of the minimum statutory amount of $7.5 million as required by regulatory authorities. The unaudited statutory capital and surplus of WNFIC was $33.0 million at March 31, 2021 and $32.6 million as of December 31, 2020. For the period from January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021, WNFIC generated statutory net income of $0.0 million. For the period from January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, WNFIC generated statutory net income of $0.8 million. The maximum amount of ordinary dividends that WNFIC can pay to shareholders in a rolling 12-month period is limited to the greater of 10% of statutory adjusted capital and surplus or 100% of adjusted net income. There was no dividend payout in 2020 and the maximum dividend payout that may be made in 2021 without prior approval is $3.3 million.

NOTE 15 Shareholders’ Equity

Under the authorization from the Company’s Board of Directors, shares may be purchased from time to time, at the Company’s discretion and subject to the availability of stock, market conditions, the trading price of the stock, alternative uses for capital, the Company’s financial performance and other potential factors. These purchases may be carried out through open market purchases, block trades, accelerated share repurchase plans of up to $100.0 million each (unless otherwise approved by the Board of Directors), negotiated private transactions or pursuant to any trading plan that may be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

From January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021, the Company completed share repurchases in the open market of 1,557,815 shares at a total cost of $70.0 million, at an average price of $44.95 per share. After completing these open market share repurchases, the Company has outstanding approval to purchase up to approximately $336.2 million, in the aggregate, of the Company's outstanding common stock.

During the first quarter, the Company issued 106,586 shares at a total value of $4.9 million associated with business combinations.

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ITEM 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion updates the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, and the two discussions should be read together.

GENERAL

Impact of COVID-19

Although the impact of the coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”) on our business lessened in the first quarter of 2021, COVID-19 remains dynamic with uncertainty around its duration and broader impact. We continue to monitor and assess the situation and will further adapt our business practices over the coming quarters to best serve our customers and protect our employees. While there is optimism around the reopening of the economy and the availability of vaccines, we continue to assess the situation given the risks associated with variant strains of COVID-19, the timing of the level of vaccination needed in order to obtain herd immunity and what additional federal stimulus maybe required.

Company Overview — First Quarter of 2021

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes to those Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, please see “Information Regarding Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below regarding important information on non-GAAP financial measures contained in our discussion and analysis.

We are a diversified insurance agency, wholesale brokerage, insurance programs and services organization headquartered in Daytona Beach, Florida. As an insurance intermediary, our principal sources of revenue are commissions paid by insurance companies and, to a lesser extent, fees paid directly by customers. Commission revenues generally represent a percentage of the premium paid by an insured and are affected by fluctuations in both premium rate levels charged by insurance companies and the insureds’ underlying “insurable exposure units,” which are units that insurance companies use to measure or express insurance exposed to risk (such as property values, or sales and payroll levels) to determine what premium to charge the insured. Insurance companies establish these premium rates based upon many factors, including loss experience, risk profile and reinsurance rates paid by such insurance companies, none of which we control.

The volume of business from new and existing customers, fluctuations in insurable exposure units, changes in premium rate levels, changes in general economic and competitive conditions, a health pandemic, and the occurrence of catastrophic weather events all affect our revenues. For example, level rates of inflation or a general decline in economic activity could limit increases in the values of insurable exposure units. Conversely, increasing costs of litigation settlements and awards could cause some customers to seek higher levels of insurance coverage. Historically, our revenues have typically grown as a result of our focus on net new business growth and acquisitions. We foster a strong, decentralized sales and service culture with the goal of consistent, sustained growth over the long-term.

The term “Organic Revenue,” a non-GAAP measure, is our core commissions and fees less: (i) the core commissions and fees earned for the first 12 months by newly-acquired operations; (ii) divested business (core commissions and fees generated from offices, books of business or niches sold or terminated during the comparable period); and (iii) the period-over-period impact of foreign currency translation, which is calculated by applying current year foreign exchange rates to the same period in the prior year. The term “core commissions and fees” excludes profit-sharing contingent commissions and guaranteed supplemental commissions, and therefore represents the revenues earned directly from specific insurance policies sold, and specific fee-based services rendered. “Organic Revenue” is reported in this manner in order to express the current year’s core commissions and fees on a comparable basis with the prior year’s core commissions and fees. The resulting net change reflects the aggregate changes attributable to: (i) net new and lost accounts; (ii) net changes in our customers’ exposure units; (iii) net changes in insurance premium rates or the commission rate paid to us by our carrier partners; and (iv) the net change in fees paid to us by our customers. Organic Revenue is reported in “Results of Operations” and in “Results of Operations - Segment Information” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We also earn profit-sharing contingent commissions, which are commissions based primarily on underwriting results, but which may also reflect considerations for volume, growth and/or retention. These commissions are included in our commissions and fees in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, are accrued throughout the year based on actual premiums written and are primarily received in the first and second quarters of each subsequent year, based upon the aforementioned considerations for the prior year(s). Over the last three years, profit-sharing contingent commissions have averaged approximately 3.0% of commissions and fees revenue.

Certain insurance companies offer guaranteed fixed-base agreements, referred to as “Guaranteed Supplemental Commissions” (“GSCs”) in lieu of profit-sharing contingent commissions. GSCs are accrued throughout the year based on actual premiums written. Over the last three years, GSCs have averaged less than 1.0% of commissions and fees revenue.

Combined, our profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased $3.4 million compared to the first quarter of 2020.

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Fee revenues primarily relate to services other than securing coverage for our customers, as well as fees negotiated in lieu of commissions, and are recognized as performance obligations are satisfied. Fee revenues have historically been generated primarily by: (1) our Services Segment, which provides insurance-related services, including third-party claims administration and comprehensive medical utilization management services in both the workers’ compensation and all-lines liability arenas, as well as Medicare Set-aside services, Social Security disability and Medicare benefits advocacy services, and claims adjusting services; (2) our National Programs and Wholesale Brokerage Segments, which earn fees primarily for the issuance of insurance policies on behalf of insurance companies; and to a lesser extent (3) our Retail Segment in our large-account customer base, where we primarily earn fees for securing insurance for our customers, and in our automobile dealer services (“F&I”) businesses where we primarily earn fees for assisting our customers with creating and selling warranty and service risk management programs. Fee revenues, as a percentage of our total commissions and fees, represented 26.1% and 27.1% for the years ended 2020 and 2019 respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, our total commissions and fees growth rate was 16.9%, and our consolidated Organic Revenue growth rate was 9.8%.

Historically, investment income has consisted primarily of interest earnings on operating cash and where permitted, on premiums and advance premiums collected and held in a fiduciary capacity before being remitted to insurance companies. Our policy as it relates to the Company’s capital is to invest available funds in high-quality, short-term fixed income investment securities. Investment income also includes gains and losses realized from the sale of investments. Other income primarily reflects legal settlements and other revenues.

Income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased from the first quarter of 2020 by $34.1 million, primarily as a result of net new business, acquisitions completed in the past 12 months, and management of our expense base, with the growth partially offset by the increase in the expense associated with the change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables of $10.1 million as compared to the same period of the prior year.

Information Regarding Non-GAAP Measures

In the discussion and analysis of our results of operations, in addition to reporting financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we provide references to the following non-GAAP financial measures as defined in Regulation G of SEC rules: Organic Revenue, Organic Revenue growth, EBITDAC and EBITDAC Margin. EBITDAC is defined as income before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and the change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables. EBITDAC Margin is defined as EBITDAC divided by total revenues. We view these non-GAAP financial measures as important indicators when assessing and evaluating our performance on a consolidated basis and for each of our segments because they allow us to determine a more comparable, but non-GAAP, measurement of revenue growth and operating performance that is associated with the revenue sources that were a part of our business in both the current and prior year. We believe that Organic Revenue provides a meaningful representation of our operating performance and view Organic Revenue growth as an important indicator when assessing and evaluating the performance of our four segments. Organic Revenue can be expressed as a dollar amount or a percentage rate when describing Organic Revenue growth. We use Organic Revenue growth in determining incentive cash compensation and as a performance measure in our equity incentive grants for our executive officers and other key employees. We use EBITDAC Margin for incentive cash compensation determinations for our executive officers. We view EBITDAC and EBITDAC Margin as important indicators of operating performance, because they allow us to determine more comparable, but non-GAAP, measurements of our operating margins in a meaningful and consistent manner by removing the significant non-cash items of depreciation, amortization and the change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables, and also interest expense and taxes, which are reflective of investment and financing activities, not operating performance.

These measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative to the GAAP information provided in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We present such non-GAAP supplemental financial information because we believe such information is of interest to the investment community and because we believe they provide additional meaningful methods of evaluating certain aspects of the Company’s operating performance from period to period on a basis that may not be otherwise apparent on a GAAP basis. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures improve the comparability of results between periods by eliminating the impact of certain items that have a high degree of variability. Our industry peers may provide similar supplemental non-GAAP information with respect to one or more of these measures, although they may not use the same or comparable terminology and may not make identical adjustments. This supplemental financial information should be considered in addition to, not in lieu of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tabular reconciliations of this supplemental non-GAAP financial information to our most comparable GAAP information are contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under “Results of Operations - Segment Information.”

Acquisitions

Part of our continuing business strategy is to attract high-quality insurance intermediaries to join our operations. From 1993 through the first quarter of 2021, we acquired 563 insurance intermediary operations.

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Critical Accounting Policies

We have had no changes to our Critical Accounting Policies as described in our most recent Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. We believe that of our significant accounting and reporting policies, the more critical policies include our accounting for revenue recognition, business combinations and purchase price allocations including potential earn-out obligations, intangible asset impairments, non-cash stock-based compensation and reserves for litigation. In particular, the accounting for these areas requires significant use of judgment to be made by management. Different assumptions in the application of these policies could result in material changes in our consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations. Refer to Note 1 in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for details regarding our critical and significant accounting policies.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020

The following discussion and analysis regarding results of operations and liquidity and capital resources should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes.

Financial information relating to our condensed consolidated financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			% Change
REVENUES
Core commissions and fees	$	782,829		$	668,705			17.1	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		25,950			23,942			8.4	%
Guaranteed supplemental commissions		5,258			3,856			36.4	%
Investment income		250			1,161			(78.5	)%
Other		989			831			19.0	%
Total revenues		815,276			698,495			16.7	%
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		429,498			349,624			22.8	%
Other operating expenses		94,363			107,132			(11.9	)%
(Gain)/loss on disposal		(193	)		(260	)		(25.8	)%
Amortization		29,493			26,391			11.8	%
Depreciation		7,456			6,021			23.8	%
Interest		16,342			15,291			6.9	%
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(890	)		(10,957	)		(91.9	)%
Total expenses		576,069			493,242			16.8	%
Income before income taxes		239,207			205,253			16.5	%
Income taxes		39,463			52,853			(25.3	)%
NET INCOME	$	199,744		$	152,400			31.1	%
Income Before Income Taxes Margin ⁽¹⁾		29.3	%		29.4	%
EBITDAC ⁽²⁾	$	291,608		$	241,999			20.5	%
EBITDAC Margin ⁽²⁾		35.8	%		34.6	%
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		9.8	%		5.6	%
Employee compensation and benefits relative to total revenues		52.7	%		50.1	%
Other operating expenses relative to total revenues		11.6	%		15.3	%
Capital expenditures	$	11,425		$	16,458			(30.6	)%
Total assets at March 31,	$	8,910,793		$	7,582,345

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

NMF = Not a meaningful figure

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Commissions and Fees

Commissions and fees, including profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased $117.5 million to $814.0 million, or 16.9%, over the same period in 2020. Core commissions and fees revenue for the first quarter of 2021 increased $114.1 million, composed of (i) approximately $65.4 million of net new and renewal business, which reflects an Organic Revenue growth rate of 9.8%; (ii) $48.7 million from acquisitions that had no comparable revenues in the same period of 2020; (iii) a positive impact from foreign currency translation of $0.2 million; and (iv) an offsetting decrease of $0.2 million related to commissions and fees revenue from business divested in the preceding twelve months. Profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs for the first quarter of 2021 increased by $3.4 million, or 12.3%, compared to the same period in 2020.

Investment Income

Investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased $0.9 million, or 78.5%, from the same period in 2020. This decrease was driven by lower interest rates as compared to the prior year.

Other Revenues

Other revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $1.0 million, compared with $0.8 million in the same period in 2020. Other income consists primarily of legal settlements and other miscellaneous income.

Employee Compensation and Benefits

Employee compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of total revenues was 52.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to 50.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and increased 22.8%, or $79.9 million. This increase included $21.5 million of compensation costs related to stand-alone acquisitions that had no comparable costs in the same period of 2020. Therefore, employee compensation and benefits expense attributable to those offices that existed in the same time periods of 2021 and 2020 increased by $58.4 million or 16.7%. This underlying employee compensation and benefits expense increase was primarily related to: (i) the increase in non-cash stock-based compensation expense driven by continued strong financial performance; (ii) the increase in the value of deferred compensation liabilities, which was offset within other operating expenses, driven by changes in the market prices of our employees' investment elections due to rising asset values for the investments we have made to fund these liabilities; (iii) an increase in staff salaries attributable to salary inflation; and (iv) an increase in accrued performance bonuses.

Other Operating Expenses

Other operating expenses represented 11.6% of total revenues for the first quarter of 2021 as compared to 15.3% for the first quarter of 2020. Other operating expenses for the first quarter of 2021 decreased $12.8 million, or 11.9%, from the same period of 2020. The net decrease included: (i) lower variable operating expenses, including such items as travel & entertainment and meetings, resulting from responses to COVID-19; (ii) the increase in the value of corporate-owned life insurance policies associated with our deferred compensation plan, which was substantially offset by increases in the value of liabilities in the Company’s deferred compensation plan recognized as expense in employee compensation and benefits; partially offset by (iii) $11.8 million of other operating expenses related to stand-alone acquisitions that had no comparable costs in the same period of 2020.

(Gain)/Loss on Disposal

Gain on disposal for the first quarter of 2021 decreased $0.1 million from the first quarter of 2020 due to activity associated with book of business sales. Although we are not in the business of selling customer accounts, we periodically sell an office or a book of business (one or more customer accounts) that we believe does not produce reasonable margins or demonstrate a potential for growth, or because doing so is in the Company’s best interest.

Amortization

Amortization expense for the first quarter of 2021 increased $3.1 million, or 11.8%, compared to the first quarter of 2020. This increase reflects the amortization of new intangibles from businesses acquired within the past 12 months, partially offset by certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized.

Depreciation

Depreciation expense for the first quarter of 2021 increased $1.4 million, or 23.8%, compared to the first quarter of 2020. Changes in depreciation expense reflect the addition of fixed assets resulting from business initiatives, net additions of fixed assets resulting from businesses acquired in the past 12 months, and partially offset by fixed assets that became fully depreciated.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the first quarter of 2021 increased $1.1 million, or 6.9%, compared to the first quarter of 2020. This increase is due to higher average debt balances from increased borrowings associated with the issuance of bonds in September 2020, partially offset by the decrease in interest rates associated with our floating rate debt balances.

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Change in Estimated Acquisition Earn-Out Payables

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805-Business Combinations is the authoritative guidance requiring an acquirer to recognize 100% of the fair value of acquired assets, including goodwill, and assumed liabilities (with only limited exceptions) upon initially obtaining control of an acquired entity. Additionally, the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements (such as earn-out purchase price arrangements) at the acquisition date must be included in the purchase price consideration. The recorded purchase price for acquisitions includes an estimation of the fair value of liabilities associated with any potential earn-out provisions. Subsequent changes in these earn-out obligations are required to be recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income when incurred or reasonably estimated. Estimations of potential earn-out obligations are typically based upon future earnings of the acquired operations or entities, usually for periods ranging from one to three years.

The net charge or credit to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the period is the combination of the net change in the estimated acquisition earn-out payables balance, and the interest expense imputed on the outstanding balance of the estimated acquisition earn-out payables.

As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, the fair values of the estimated acquisition earn-out payables were re-evaluated based upon projected operating results and measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) as defined in ASC 820-Fair Value Measurement. The resulting net changes, as well as the interest expense accretion on the estimated acquisition earn-out payables, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Change in fair value of estimated acquisition earn-out payables	$	(2,713	)	$	(12,641	)
Interest expense accretion		1,823			1,684
Net change in earnings from estimated acquisition earn-out payables	$	(890	)	$	(10,957	)

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the fair value of estimated earn-out payables was re-evaluated and decreased by $2.7 million and $12.6 million, respectively, which resulted in credits to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively. Of the $12.6 million prior year adjustment, $6.0 million was due to lower than expected performance of several businesses acquired in the last three years as a result of the economic disruption due to COVID-19.

As of March 31, 2021, estimated acquisition earn-out payables totaled $257.6 million, of which $103.3 million was recorded as accounts payable and $154.3 million was recorded as other non-current liabilities.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate on income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was 16.5% and 25.8%, respectively. The decrease was driven primarily by the tax benefit associated with incremental vesting of restricted stock awards in the first quarter 2021 as compared to the first quarter of 2020. In 2016, we began issuing the majority of our restricted stock awards in the first quarter of each year, and the vesting of such awards is generally tied to the fifth anniversary of the date of grant, subject to certain exceptions.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — SEGMENT INFORMATION

As discussed in Note 12 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we operate four reportable segments: Retail, National Programs, Wholesale Brokerage, and Services. On a segmented basis, changes in amortization, depreciation and interest expenses generally result from activity associated with acquisitions. Likewise, other revenues in each segment reflects net gains primarily from legal settlements and miscellaneous income. As such, in evaluating the operational efficiency of a segment, management focuses on the Organic Revenue growth rate and EBITDAC Margin.

The reconciliation of commissions and fees included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income to Organic Revenue, a non-GAAP financial measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, including by segment, and the growth rates for Organic Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021, including by segment, are as follows:

2021	Retail ⁽¹⁾						National Programs						Wholesale Brokerage						Services					Total
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020		2021			2020
Commissions and fees	$	521,790		$	446,379		$	154,572		$	128,136		$	90,704		$	77,536		$	46,971		$	44,452	$	814,037		$	696,503
Total change	$	75,411					$	26,436					$	13,168					$	2,519				$	117,534
Total growth %		16.9	%					20.6	%					17.0	%					5.7	%				16.9	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		(15,735	)		(16,095	)		(8,316	)		(5,711	)		(1,899	)		(2,136	)		—			—		(25,950	)		(23,942	)
GSCs		(4,615	)		(4,432	)		(394	)		1,013			(249	)		(437	)		—			—		(5,258	)		(3,856	)
Core commissions and fees	$	501,440		$	425,852		$	145,862		$	123,438		$	88,556		$	74,963		$	46,971		$	44,452	$	782,829		$	668,705
Acquisitions		(34,081	)		—			(6,155	)		—			(8,469	)		—			—			—		(48,704	)		—
Dispositions		—			(193	)		—			—			—			—			—			—		—			(193	)
Foreign currency translation					—						208						—						—					208
Organic Revenue ⁽²⁾	$	467,359		$	425,659		$	139,707		$	123,646		$	80,087		$	74,963		$	46,971		$	44,452	$	734,125		$	668,720
Organic Revenue growth ⁽²⁾	$	41,700					$	16,061					$	5,124					$	2,519				$	65,405
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		9.8	%					13.0	%					6.8	%					5.7	%				9.8	%

*The sum of the segment results may not equal total results due to rounding

(1)

The Retail Segment includes commissions and fees reported in the “Other” column of the Segment Information in Note 12 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which includes corporate and consolidation items.

(2)

A non-GAAP financial measure.

The reconciliation of commissions and fees included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income to Organic Revenue, a non-GAAP financial measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, including by segment, and the growth rates for Organic Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020, including by segment, are as follows:

2020	Retail⁽¹⁾						National Programs						Wholesale Brokerage						Services					Total
(in thousands, except percentages)	2020			2019			2020			2019			2020			2019			2020			2019		2020			2019
Commissions and fees	$	446,379		$	388,450		$	128,136		$	109,207		$	77,536		$	70,362		$	44,452		$	49,444	$	696,503		$	617,463
Total change	$	57,929					$	18,929					$	7,174					$	(4,992	)			$	79,040
Total growth %		14.9	%					17.3	%					10.2	%					(10.1	)%				12.8	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		(16,095	)		(11,547	)		(5,711	)		(860	)		(2,136	)		(2,915	)		—			—		(23,942	)		(15,322	)
GSCs		(4,432	)		(3,240	)		1,013			(4	)		(437	)		(391	)		—			—		(3,856	)		(3,635	)
Core commissions and fees	$	425,852		$	373,663		$	123,438		$	108,343		$	74,963		$	67,056		$	44,452		$	49,444	$	668,705		$	598,506
Acquisition revenues		(34,908	)		—			(2,503	)		—			(2,388	)		—			(1,485	)		—		(41,284	)		—
Dispositions		—			(3,973	)		—			(141	)		—			—			—			—		—			(4,114	)
Foreign currency translation					—						—						—						—					—
Organic Revenue ⁽²⁾	$	390,944		$	369,690		$	120,935		$	108,202		$	72,575		$	67,056		$	42,967		$	49,444	$	627,421		$	594,392
Organic Revenue growth ⁽²⁾	$	21,254					$	12,733					$	5,519					$	(6,477	)			$	33,029
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		5.7	%					11.8	%					8.2	%					(13.1	)%				5.6	%

(1)

(2)

A non-GAAP financial measure.

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The reconciliation of income before incomes taxes, included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, to EBITDAC, a non-GAAP measure, and Income Before Income Taxes Margin to EBITDAC Margin, a non-GAAP measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, is as follows:

(in thousands)	Retail			National Programs			Wholesale Brokerage			Services			Other			Total
Income before income taxes	$	151,223		$	41,148		$	18,782		$	9,257		$	18,797		$	239,207
Income Before Income Taxes Margin⁽¹⁾		28.9	%		26.6	%		20.7	%		19.7	%	NMF				29.3	%
Amortization		18,833			6,875			2,397			1,388			—			29,493
Depreciation		2,758			2,147			644			381			1,526			7,456
Interest		22,621			4,128			4,253			821			(15,481	)		16,342
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(898	)		(191	)		199			—			—			(890	)
EBITDAC⁽²⁾	$	194,537		$	54,107		$	26,275		$	11,847		$	4,842		$	291,608
EBITDAC Margin⁽²⁾		37.2	%		34.9	%		28.9	%		25.2	%	NMF				35.8	%

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

NMF = Not a meaningful figure

The reconciliation of income before incomes taxes included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income to EBITDAC, a non-GAAP measure, and Income Before Income Taxes Margin to EBITDAC Margin, a non-GAAP measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2020, is as follows:

(in thousands)	Retail			National Programs			Wholesale Brokerage			Services			Other			Total
Income before income taxes	$	128,662		$	29,645		$	17,686		$	10,080		$	19,180		$	205,253
Income Before Income Taxes Margin⁽¹⁾		28.8	%		23.1	%		22.8	%		22.7	%	NMF				29.4	%
Amortization		16,287			6,365			2,349			1,390			—			26,391
Depreciation		2,036			1,905			431			351			1,298			6,021
Interest		21,798			4,682			1,711			1,091			(13,991	)		15,291
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(6,117	)		(1,337	)		(418	)		(3,085	)		—			(10,957	)
EBITDAC⁽²⁾	$	162,666		$	41,260		$	21,759		$	9,827		$	6,487		$	241,999
EBITDAC Margin⁽²⁾		36.4	%		32.1	%		28.0	%		22.1	%	NMF				34.6	%

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

NMF = Not a meaningful figure

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Retail Segment

The Retail Segment provides a broad range of insurance products and services to commercial, public and quasi-public, professional and individual insured customers, and non-insurance risk-mitigating products through our automobile dealer services (“F&I”) businesses. Approximately 83.2% of the Retail Segment’s commissions and fees revenue is commission based. Because most of our other operating expenses are not correlated to changes in commissions on insurance premiums, a significant portion of any fluctuation in the commissions we receive, net of related producer compensation and cost to fulfill expense deferrals and releases as required by ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, will result in a similar fluctuation in our income before income taxes, unless we make incremental investments or modifications to the costs in the organization.

Financial information relating to our Retail Segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			% Change
REVENUES
Core commissions and fees	$	501,857			426,173			17.8	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		15,735			16,095			(2.2	%)
Guaranteed supplemental commissions		4,615			4,432			4.1	%
Investment income		18			83			(78.3	%)
Other		690			706			(2.3	%)
Total revenues		522,915			447,489			16.9	%
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		262,931			223,221			17.8	%
Other operating expenses		65,640			61,862			6.1	%
(Gain)/loss on disposal		(193	)		(260	)		(25.8	%)
Amortization		18,833			16,287			15.6	%
Depreciation		2,758			2,036			35.5	%
Interest		22,621			21,798			3.8	%
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(898	)		(6,117	)		(85.3	%)
Total expenses		371,692			318,827			16.6	%
Income before income taxes	$	151,223		$	128,662			17.5	%
Income Before Income Taxes Margin ⁽¹⁾		28.9	%		28.8	%
EBITDAC ⁽²⁾	$	194,537		$	162,666			19.6	%
EBITDAC Margin ⁽²⁾		37.2	%		36.4	%
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		9.8	%		5.7	%
Employee compensation and benefits relative to total revenues		50.3	%		49.9	%
Other operating expenses relative to total revenues		12.6	%		13.8	%
Capital expenditures	$	2,316		$	2,499			(7.3	%)
Total assets at March 31,	$	7,210,499		$	6,375,532

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

The Retail Segment’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 16.9%, or $75.4 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $522.9 million. The $75.7 million increase in core commissions and fees revenue was driven by: (i) an increase of $41.7 million related to net new and renewal business; (ii) approximately $34.1 million related to the core commissions and fees revenue from acquisitions that had no comparable revenues in the same period of 2020; offset by (iii) a decrease of $0.2 million related to commissions and fees recorded in 2020 from businesses since divested. Profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs for the first quarter of 2021 decreased 0.9%, or $0.2 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $20.4 million, primarily driven by an adjustment for over-accrued 2020 profit-sharing contingent commissions due to increased loss ratios with certain markets, which offset acquisition activity in the past 12 months, and qualifying for certain profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs in the current year that we did not qualify for in 2020. The Retail Segment’s total commissions and fees increased by 17.8%, and the Organic Revenue growth rate was 9.8% for the first quarter of 2021. The Organic Revenue growth rate was driven by revenue from net new business written during the preceding 12 months. Net new business was impacted by rate increases in most lines of business with the most pronounced being the continued increases in commercial auto, and property rates, partially offset by continued premium rate reductions in workers’ compensation. Organic Revenue growth was realized in all lines of business.

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Income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 17.5%, or $22.6 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $151.2 million. The primary factors affecting this increase were: (i) the profit associated with the net increase in revenue as described above; and (ii) the drivers of EBITDAC described below; partially offset by (iii) a change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables; and (iv) an increase in interest expense and amortization associated with new acquisitions.

EBITDAC for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 19.6%, or $31.9 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $194.5 million. EBITDAC Margin for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased to 37.2% from 36.4% in the same period in 2020. The increase in EBITDAC Margin was driven by: (i) the net Organic Revenue increase; (ii) management of our expenses and cost savings delivered in response to COVID-19; which were partially offset by (iii) higher non-cash stock-based compensation costs; and (iv) certain recent acquisitions with margins lower than the average for the segment.

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National Programs Segment

The National Programs Segment manages over 40 programs supported by approximately 100 well-capitalized carrier partners. In most cases, the insurance carriers that support the programs have delegated underwriting and, in many instances, claims-handling authority to our programs operations. These programs are generally distributed through a nationwide network of independent agents and Brown & Brown retail agents, and offer targeted products and services designed for specific industries, trade groups, professions, public entities and market niches. The National Programs Segment operations can be grouped into five broad categories: Professional Programs, Personal Lines Programs, Commercial Programs, Public Entity-Related Programs and the National Flood Program. The National Programs Segment’s revenue is primarily commission based.

Financial information relating to our National Programs Segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			% Change
REVENUES
Core commissions and fees	$	145,862		$	123,438			18.2	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		8,316			5,711			45.6	%
Guaranteed supplemental commissions		394			(1,013	)		(138.9	%)
Investment income		152			263			(42.2	%)
Other		169			13		NMF
Total revenues		154,893			128,412			20.6	%
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		71,069			60,547			17.4	%
Other operating expenses		29,717			26,605			11.7	%
(Gain)/loss on disposal		—			—			—	%
Amortization		6,875			6,365			8.0	%
Depreciation		2,147			1,905			12.7	%
Interest		4,128			4,682			(11.8	)%
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		(191	)		(1,337	)		(85.7	)%
Total expenses		113,745			98,767			15.2	%
Income before income taxes	$	41,148		$	29,645			38.8	%
Income Before Income Taxes Margin ⁽¹⁾		26.6	%		23.1	%
EBITDAC ⁽²⁾	$	54,107		$	41,260			31.1	%
EBITDAC Margin ⁽²⁾		34.9	%		32.1	%
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		13.0	%		11.8	%
Employee compensation and benefits relative to total revenues		45.9	%		47.2	%
Other operating expenses relative to total revenues		19.2	%		20.7	%
Capital expenditures	$	3,001		$	1,513			98.3	%
Total assets at March 31,	$	3,398,682		$	3,054,411

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

NMF = Not a meaningful figure

The National Programs Segment’s total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 20.6%, or $26.5 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $154.9 million. The $22.4 million increase in core commissions and fees revenue was driven by: (i) $16.1 million related to net new and renewal business; (ii) approximately $6.1 million related to the core commissions and fees revenue from acquisitions that had no comparable revenues in the same period of 2020; and (iii) a positive impact from foreign currency translation of $0.2 million. Profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs for the first quarter of 2021 increased approximately $4.0 million compared to the first quarter of 2020 due to qualifying in 2020 for certain new incentives.

The National Programs Segment’s total commissions and fees increased by 20.6%, and the Organic Revenue growth rate was 13.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Organic Revenue growth was driven by expansion of many programs, including commercial and residential earthquake, lender placement, personal property and wind.

Income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 38.8%, or $11.5 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $41.1 million. Income before income taxes increased due to: (i) the profit associated with the net increase in revenue as described above; (ii) the drivers of EBITDAC described below; and (iii) a partial offset due to a decreased credit to acquisition earn-out payables.

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EBITDAC for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 31.1%, or $12.8 million, from the same period in 2020, to $54.1 million. EBITDAC Margin for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased to 34.9% from 32.1% in the same period in 2020. The EBITDAC margin increased faster than total revenues due to leveraging our total revenue growth and management of our expenses and cost savings delivered in response to COVID-19.

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Wholesale Brokerage Segment

The Wholesale Brokerage Segment markets and sells excess and surplus commercial and personal lines insurance, primarily through independent agents and brokers, including Brown & Brown retail agents. Like the Retail and National Programs Segments, the Wholesale Brokerage Segment’s revenues are primarily commission based.

Financial information relating to our Wholesale Brokerage Segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			% Change
REVENUES
Core commissions and fees	$	88,556		$	74,963			18.1	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		1,899			2,136			(11.1	%)
Guaranteed supplemental commissions		249			437			(43.0	%)
Investment income		41			50			(18.0	%)
Other		130			112			16.1	%
Total revenues		90,875			77,698			17.0	%
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		50,537			42,504			18.9	%
Other operating expenses		14,063			13,435			4.7	%
(Gain)/loss on disposal		—			—			—	%
Amortization		2,397			2,349			2.0	%
Depreciation		644			431			49.4	%
Interest		4,253			1,711			148.6	%
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		199			(418	)		(147.6	%)
Total expenses		72,093			60,012			20.1	%
Income before income taxes	$	18,782		$	17,686			6.2	%
Income Before Income Taxes Margin ⁽¹⁾		20.7	%		22.8	%
EBITDAC ⁽²⁾	$	26,275		$	21,759			20.8	%
EBITDAC Margin ⁽²⁾		28.9	%		28.0	%
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		6.8	%		8.2	%
Employee compensation and benefits relative to total revenues		55.6	%		54.7	%
Other operating expenses relative to total revenues		15.5	%		17.3	%
Capital expenditures	$	489		$	1,227			(60.1	%)
Total assets at March 31,	$	1,787,033		$	1,514,243

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

The Wholesale Brokerage Segment’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 17.0%, or $13.2 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $90.9 million. The $13.6 million net increase in core commissions and fees revenue was driven primarily by: (i) $8.5 million related to the core commissions and fees revenue from acquisitions that had no comparable revenues in the same period of 2020; and (ii) $5.1 million related to net new and renewal business. Profit-sharing contingent commissions and GSCs for the first quarter of 2021 decreased by $0.4 million compared to the first quarter of 2020. The Wholesale Brokerage Segment’s growth rate for total commissions and fees was 17.0%, and the Organic Revenue growth rate was 6.8% for the first quarter of 2021. The Organic Revenue growth rate was driven by rate increases for most lines of coverage and improving new business, primarily in our brokerage business which was partially offset by reduced capacity in the catastrophe exposed personal lines market.

Income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 6.2%, or $1.1 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $18.8 million. The increase was due to: (i) the profit associated with the net increase in revenue described above; and (ii) the drivers of EBITDAC described below; partially offset by higher intercompany interest charges associated with acquisitions completed in the past 12 months.

EBITDAC for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 20.8%, or $4.5 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $26.3 million. EBITDAC Margin for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased to 28.9% from 28.0%, as compared to the same period in 2020. EBITDAC Margin grew due to: (i) leveraging our higher Organic Revenue growth; and (ii) management of our expenses and cost savings delivered in response to COVID-19.

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Services Segment

The Services Segment provides insurance-related services, including third-party claims administration and comprehensive medical utilization management services in both the workers’ compensation and all-lines liability arenas. The Services Segment also provides Medicare Set-aside account services, Social Security disability and Medicare benefits advocacy services, and claims adjusting services.

Unlike the other segments, nearly all of the Services Segment’s revenue is generated from fees, which are not significantly affected by fluctuations in general insurance premiums.

Financial information relating to our Services Segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			% Change
REVENUES
Core commissions and fees	$	46,971		$	44,452			5.7	%
Profit-sharing contingent commissions		—			—			—	%
Guaranteed supplemental commissions		—			—			—	%
Investment income		3			—		NMF
Other		—			—			—	%
Total revenues		46,974			44,452			5.7	%
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits		22,563			22,291			1.2	%
Other operating expenses		12,564			12,334			1.9	%
(Gain)/loss on disposal		—			—			—	%
Amortization		1,388			1,390			(0.1	%)
Depreciation		381			351			8.5	%
Interest		821			1,091			(24.7	%)
Change in estimated acquisition earn-out payables		—			(3,085	)		(100.0	%)
Total expenses		37,717			34,372			9.7	%
Income before income taxes	$	9,257		$	10,080			(8.2	%)
Income Before Income Taxes Margin ⁽¹⁾		19.7	%		22.7	%
EBITDAC ⁽²⁾	$	11,847		$	9,827			20.6	%
EBITDAC Margin ⁽²⁾		25.2	%		22.1	%
Organic Revenue growth rate ⁽²⁾		5.7	%		(13.1	%)
Employee compensation and benefits relative to total revenues		48.0	%		50.1	%
Other operating expenses relative to total revenues		26.7	%		27.7	%
Capital expenditures	$	157		$	267			(41.2	%)
Total assets at March 31,	$	483,920		$	475,168

(1) "Income Before Income Taxes Margin" is defined as income before income taxes divided by total revenues.

(2) A non-GAAP financial measure.

NMF = Not a meaningful figure

The Services Segment’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 5.7%, or $2.5 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $47.0 million. The $2.5 million net increase in core commissions and fees revenue was driven primarily by: (i) weather related claim activity from storms in Texas; and (ii) increase in travel restricted claims due to COVID-19; partially offset by (iii) lower awards and referrals in our Social Security and Medicare service businesses. The Services Segment’s total commissions and fees and Organic Revenue increased 5.7% for the first quarter of 2021 due to the same factors.

Income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased 8.2%, or $0.8 million, as compared to the same period in 2020, to $9.3 million. Income before income taxes decreased due to a credit recorded for estimated acquisition earn-out payables in the prior year.

EBITDAC for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased 20.6%, or $2.0 million, from the same period in 2020, to $11.8 million. EBITDAC Margin for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased to 25.2% from 22.1% in the same period in 2020. The increase in EBITDAC and EBITDAC Margin were driven primarily by: (i) leveraging organic revenue; and (ii) management of our expenses and cost savings delivered in response to COVID-19.

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Other

As discussed in Note 12 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the “Other” column in the Segment Information table includes any revenue and expenses not allocated to reportable segments, and corporate-related items, including the intercompany interest expense charges to reporting segments.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company seeks to maintain a conservative balance sheet and strong liquidity profile. Our capital requirements to operate as an insurance intermediary are low and we have been able to grow and invest in our business principally through cash that has been generated from operations. We have the ability to utilize our existing Revolving Credit Facility, which as of March 31, 2021 provided up to $800.0 million in available cash. We believe that we have access to additional funds, if needed, through the capital markets or private placements to obtain further debt financing under the current market conditions. The Company believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term investment portfolio and funds generated from operations, together with the funds available under the Revolving Credit Facility, will be sufficient to satisfy our normal liquidity needs, including principal payments on our long-term debt, for at least the next 12 months.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains an expansion option for up to an additional $500.0 million of borrowing capacity, subject to the approval of participating lenders. In addition, under the Term Loan Credit Agreement, the unsecured term loan in the initial amount of $300.0 million may be increased by up to $150.0 million, subject to the approval of participating lenders. Including the expansion options under all existing credit agreements, the Company has access to up to $1.5 billion of incremental borrowing capacity as of March 31, 2021.

Contractual Cash Obligations

As of March 31, 2021, our contractual cash obligations were as follows:

	Payments Due by Period
(in thousands)	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		4-5 years		After 5 years
Long-term debt	$	2,092,500	$	70,000	$	472,500	$	500,000	$	1,050,000
Other liabilities ⁽¹⁾		154,901		20,328		31,154		8,380		95,039
Operating leases ⁽²⁾		236,049		49,744		86,209		53,035		47,061
Interest obligations		379,004		62,339		113,264		74,375		129,026
Unrecognized tax benefits		1,345		—		1,345		—		—
Maximum future acquisition contingency payments ⁽³⁾		558,467		176,892		381,575		—		—
Total contractual cash obligations ⁽⁴⁾	$	3,422,266	$	379,303	$	1,086,047	$	635,790	$	1,321,126

(1)

Includes the current portion of other long-term liabilities, and approximately $31.1 million of deferred employer-only payroll tax payments related to the CARES Act which are expected to be paid in equal installments in each of December 2021 and December 2022.

(2)

Includes $5.3 million of future lease commitments expected to commence later in 2021.

(3)

Includes $257.6 million of current and non-current estimated earn-out payables. $25.0 million of this balance is not subject to any further contingency as a result of the Amendment, dated as of July 27, 2020, by and among the Company, The Hays Group, Inc., and certain of their affiliates, to the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2018. Earn-out payables for acquisitions not denominated in U.S. dollars are measured at the current foreign exchange rate.

(4)

Does not include approximately $26.1 million of current liability for a dividend of $0.0925 per share approved by the Board of Directors on April 26, 2021.

Debt

Total debt at March 31, 2021 was $2,079.1 million net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs, which was a decrease of $16.8 million compared to December 31, 2020. The decrease includes: (i) the repayment of the principal balance of $17.5 million for scheduled principal amortization balances related to our various existing floating rate debt term notes; (ii) net of the amortization of discounted debt related to our various unsecured Senior Notes, and debt issuance cost amortization of $0.7 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company repaid $10.0 million of principal related to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement term loan through the quarterly scheduled amortized principal payments. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement term loan had an outstanding balance of $280.0 million as of March 31, 2021. The Company’s next scheduled amortized principal payment is due June 30, 2021 and is equal to $10.0 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company repaid $7.5 million of principal related to the Term Loan Credit Agreement through quarterly scheduled amortized principal payments. The Term Loan Credit Agreement had an outstanding balance of $262.5 million as of March 31, 2021. The Company’s next scheduled amortized principal payment is due June 30, 2021 and is equal to $7.5 million.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Neither we nor our subsidiaries have ever incurred off-balance sheet obligations through the use of, or investment in, off-balance sheet derivative financial instruments or structured finance or special purpose entities organized as corporations, partnerships or limited liability companies or trusts.

For further discussion of our cash management and risk management policies, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and equity prices. We are exposed to market risk through our investments, revolving credit line, term loan agreements and international operations.

Our invested assets are held primarily as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, available-for-sale marketable debt securities, non-marketable debt securities, certificates of deposit, U.S. treasury securities, and professionally managed short duration fixed income funds. These investments are subject to interest rate risk. The fair values of our invested assets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, approximated their respective carrying values due to their short-term duration and therefore, such market risk is not considered to be material.

We do not actively invest or trade in equity securities. In addition, we generally dispose of any significant equity securities received in conjunction with an acquisition shortly after the acquisition date.

As of March 31, 2021, we had $542.5 million of borrowings outstanding under our various credit agreements, all of which bear interest on a floating basis tied to the Overnight London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and are therefore subject to changes in the associated interest expense. The effect of an immediate hypothetical 10% change in interest rates would not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements. As of July 2017, the UK Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) has urged banks and institutions to discontinue their use of the LIBOR benchmark rate for floating rate debt, and other financial instruments tied to the rate after 2021. However, on November 30, 2020, the ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (“IBA”), announced that it would consult in early December 2020 on its intention to cease the publication of the one-week and two-month U.S. dollar LIBOR settings immediately following the LIBOR publication on December 31, 2021, and the remaining U.S. dollar LIBOR settings (overnight and one, three, six and 12 months) immediately following the LIBOR publication on June 30, 2023. In connection to the released statement from the IBA, on December 4, 2020, the FCA released a similar statement in support of the continuation of the LIBOR rate beyond 2021. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (“ARRC”) have recommended the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the best alternative rate to LIBOR post discontinuance and has proposed a transition plan and timeline designed to encourage the adoption of SOFR from LIBOR. Post consultation on March 5, 2021, IBA confirmed its proposed dates to stop publishing USD LIBOR on a representative basis.

The Company is currently evaluating the transition from LIBOR as an interest rate benchmark to other potential alternative reference rates, including but not limited to the SOFR interest rate. Management will continue to actively assess the related opportunities and risks associated with the transition and monitor related proposals and guidance published by ARRC and other alternative-rate initiatives, with an expectation that the Company will be prepared for a termination of LIBOR benchmarks after 2021.

We are subject to exchange rate risk primarily in our U.K.-based wholesale brokerage business that has a cost base principally denominated in British pounds and a revenue base in several other currencies, but principally in U.S. dollars, and in our Canadian MGA business that has substantially all of its revenues and cost base denominated in Canadian Dollars. On January 14, 2021, the Company announced the completion of the acquisition of O’Leary Insurances, an Ireland based retail brokerage business which has substantially all of its revenue and cost base in Euros.

Based upon our foreign currency rate exposure as of March 31, 2021, an immediate 10% hypothetical change of foreign currency exchange rates would not have a material effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation (the “Evaluation”) required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act (“Disclosure Controls”) as of March 31, 2021. Based upon the Evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that the design and operation of our Disclosure Controls were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our senior management, including our CEO and CFO, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Controls

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the Evaluation that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Inherent Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls and internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control.

The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

CEO and CFO Certifications

Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 are the Certifications of the CEO and the CFO, respectively. The Certifications are supplied in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Section 302 Certifications”). This Item 4 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains the information concerning the evaluation referred to in the Section 302 Certifications and this information should be read in conjunction with the Section 302 Certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.

PART II

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

In Item 3 of Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, certain information concerning litigation claims arising in the ordinary course of business was disclosed. Such information was current as of the date of filing. During the Company’s fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021, no new legal proceedings, or material developments with respect to existing legal proceedings, occurred which require disclosure in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There were no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuances of Unregistered Securities

In connection with certain business combinations, the Company issued 106,586 shares of Company common stock on February 2, 2021 to the owners of the businesses acquired. The issuance was made in reliance upon the following exemptions or exclusions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”): Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, and Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about our repurchase of shares of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2021:

	Total number of shares purchased ⁽¹⁾		Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs ⁽²⁾		Maximum value that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ⁽³⁾
January 1, 2021 to January 31, 2021		538,052	$	46.59		156,316	$	399,219,997
February 1, 2021 to February 28,2021		491,420		43.96		462,405		378,969,272
March 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021		1,501,432		45.51		939,094		336,167,163
Total		2,530,904	$	45.44		1,557,815	$	336,167,163

(1)

Of the shares reported in this column, 1,557,815 shares were purchased in open market transactions. All other shares reported in this column are attributable to shares withheld for taxes in connection with vesting of restricted shares awarded under our Performance Stock Plan and 2010 Stock Incentive Plan.

(2)

During the quarter, the Company made shares repurchases in the open market of 1,557,815 shares at a total cost of $70.0 million.

(3)

On May 1, 2019, the Board of Directors approved an additional repurchase authorization amount of $372.5 million to bring the total available share repurchase authorization to approximately $500.0 million. After completing these open market repurchases, the Company’s outstanding Board-approved share repurchase authorization is approximately $336.2 million. Between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased a total of approximately 18.2 million shares for an aggregate cost of approximately $661.4 million.

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ITEM 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as a part of this Report:

3.1		Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2018), Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (adopted April 24, 2003) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3a to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2003) and Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3a to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1999).

3.2		By-Laws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K filed on October 12, 2016).

31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by the Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant.

31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by the Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant.

32.1		Section 1350 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant.

32.2		Section 1350 Certification by the Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant.

101		The following financial statements from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, formatted in inline XBRL, include: (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		BROWN & BROWN, INC.

		/s/ R. Andrew Watts
Date: April 27, 2021		R. Andrew Watts
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(duly authorized officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer)