Cardiff Oncology, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2013 March (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013

o TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-54556

TROVAGENE, INC.

(Exact Name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)

Delaware		27-2004382
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

11055 Flintkote Avenue, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Issuer’s telephone Number: (858) 952-7570

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

As of May 9, 2013 the issuer had 15,616,400 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
	PART I
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation	23

Item 4	Controls and Procedures	27

	PART II
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28

Item 6.	Exhibits	28

Table of Contents

PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

	Page

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2013 (unaudited) and December 31, 2012	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Net Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 (unaudited) and the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to March 31, 2013 (unaudited)	5

Condensed Consolidated Statements Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to March 31, 2013 (unaudited)	6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 (unaudited) and the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to March 31, 2013 (unaudited)	14

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	16

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Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

	March 31,			December 31,
	2013			2012
	(Unaudited)			(Audited)

Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,164,275		$	10,819,781
Accounts receivable	58,064			168,381
Prepaid expenses	127,084			60,041
Total current assets	9,349,423			11,048,203
Property and equipment, net	330,314			254,742
Other assets	518,775			362,081
Total assets	$	10,198,512		$	11,665,026

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	323,366		$	175,679
Accrued expenses	852,994			554,691
Total current liabilities	1,176,360			730,370
Derivative financial instruments	7,486,485			8,765,628
Total liabilities	8,662,845			9,495,998

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 78,100 and 95,600 shares outstanding at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock with liquidation preference of $780,100 and $956,000 at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	78			96

Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 15,516,191 and 15,478,177 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively	1,551			1,547

Additional paid-in capital	57,853,251			57,370,017
Deficit accumulated during development stage	(56,319,213		)	(55,202,632		)
Total stockholders’ equity	1,535,667			2,169,028
	$	10,198,512		$	11,665,026

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

	Three month ended March 31,						For the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to
	2013			2012			March 31, 2013
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)

Royalty income	$	119,123		$	34,153		$	1,044,597
License fees	—			—			1,383,175
Milestone fees	—			—			150,000
Total revenues	119,123			34,153			2,577,772
Operating expenses:
Research and development	802,245			337,407			18,251,696
Purchased in-process research and development expense-related party	—			—			2,666,869
General and administrative	1,706,717			826,964			27,626,833
Total operating expenses	2,508,962			1,164,371			48,545,398
Operating loss	(2,389,839		)	(1,130,218		)	(45,967,626		)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	—			—			266,883
Interest expense	—			—			(1,325,372		)
Gain on sale of equipment	—			—			4,000
Amortization of deferred debt costs and original issue discount	—			—			(2,346,330		)
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	1,279,143			(32,424		)	(4,215,656		)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			—			623,383
Liquidated damages and other forbearance agreement settlement costs	—			—			(1,758,111		)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(1,110,696		)	(1,162,642		)	(54,718,829		)

Preferred stock dividend	(5,885		)	(9,560		)	(352,043		)
Cumulative effect of early adoption of ASC 815-40 on November 1, 2006	—			—			(455,385		)
Series A convertible preferred stock beneficial conversion feature accreted as a dividend	—			—			(792,956		)
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,116,581	)	$	(1,172,202	)	$	(56,319,213	)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic and diluted	15,510,340			11,001,679
Net loss per common share:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.11	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

	Common Stock					Treasury Shares					Additional Paid-In			Deferred Stock Based			Deficit Accumulated During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount			Shares		Amount			Capital			Compensation			Stage			(Deficiency)
Balance, August 4, 1999 (Inception)	0		$	0		0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0		$	0
Issuance of common stock to founders for cash at $0.0012 per share	37,000,000		3,700								38,300									42,000
Net loss																	(14,760		)	(14,760		)
Balance, January 31, 2000	37,000,000		$	3,700		0		$	0		$	38,300		0			(14,760		)	27,240
Net loss																	(267,599		)	(267,599		)
Balance, January 31, 2001	37,000,000		$	3,700		0		$	0		$	38,300		0			(282,359		)	(240,359		)
Capital contribution of cash											45,188									45,188
Net loss																	(524,224		)	(524,224		)
Balance, January 31, 2002	37,000,000		$	3,700		0		$	0		$	83,488		0			(806,583		)	(719,395		)
Issuance of common stock for cash at $0.003 per share	1,258,000		126								3,274									3,400
Capital contribution of cash	0		0								2,500									2,500
Net loss																	(481,609		)	(481,609		)
Balance, January 31, 2003	38,258,000		$	3,826		0		$	0		$	89,262		0			(1,288,192		)	(1,195,104		)
Net loss																	(383,021		)	(383,021		)
Balance, January 31, 2004	38,258,000		$	3,826		0		$	0		$	89,262		0			(1,671,213		)	(1,578,125		)
Waiver of founders’ deferred compensation	0		0								1,655,031									1,655,031
Private placement of common stock	440,868		44								2,512,906									2,512,950
Redemption of shares held by Panetta Partners, Inc.	(36,477,079	)	(3,648		)						(496,352		)							(500,000		)
Costs associated with recapitalization											(301,499		)							(301,499		)
Share exchange with founders	376,334		38								(38		)							0
Issuance of treasury shares						58,333		6			(6		)							0
Issuance of treasury shares to escrow	58,333		6			(58,333	)	(6		)	0									0
Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash at $11.70 per share	228,026		23								2,667,877									2,667,900
Issuance of 20,610 warrants to selling agents											403,038									403,038
Finders warrants charged to cost of capital											(403,038		)							(403,038		)
Deferred stock-based compensation											1,937,500			(1,937,500		)				0
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation											0			245,697						245,697
Options issued to consultants											1,229,568									1,229,568
Warrants issued to consultants											2,630,440									2,630,440
Net loss																	(5,371,027		)	(5,371,027		)
Balance, January 31, 2005	2,884,482		$	289		0		$	0		$	11,924,689		$	(1,691,803	)	$	(7,042,240	)	$	3,190,935

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock			Common Stock					Treasury Shares					Additional Paid-In			Deferred Stock Based			Deficit Accumulated During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount			Shares		Amount			Capital			Compensation			Stage			(Deficiency)
Balance, January 31, 2005	0	$	0	2,884,482		$	289		0		$	0		$	11,924,689		$	(1,691,803	)	$	(7,042,240	)	$	3,190,935
Private placement of common stock				17,094		2			0		$	0		$	199,998								200,000
Payment of selling agents fees and expenses in cash														(179,600		)							(179,600		)
Common stock issued to selling agents				4,077										0									0
Private placement of common stock				252,564		25								2,954,974									2,954,999
Payment of selling agents fees and expenses in cash														(298,000		)							(298,000		)
Issuance of 20,205 warrants issued to selling agents														222,188									222,188
Selling agents warrants charged to cost of capital														(222,188		)							(222,188		)
Private placement of preferred stock and warrants for cash at $10.00 per share (restated)	277,100	277												2,770,723									2,771,000
Accretion of preferred stock dividends (restated)														792,956						(792,956		)	0
Value of warrants reclassified to derivative financial instrument liability														(567,085		)							(567,085		)
Payment of selling agents fees and expenses in cash														(277,102		)							(277,102		)
Issuance of 17,572 warrants issued to selling agents														167,397									167,397
Selling agents warrants charged to cost of capital														(167,397		)							(167,397		)
Return of treasury shares from escrow				(58,333	)	(6		)	58,333		6			0									0
Retirement of treasury shares									(58,333	)	(6		)	6									0
Common stock issued for services				833										16,500									16,500
Stock-based compensation expense for non-employees														2,928,298									2,928,298
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation														0			645,832						645,832
Preferred stock dividend														0						(60,741		)	(60,741		)
Net loss																				(7,844,326		)	(7,844,326		)
Balance, January 31, 2006	277,100	$	277	3,100,717		$	310		0		$	0		$	20,266,357		$	(1,045,971	)	$	(15,740,263	)	$	3,480,710

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock					Common Stock			Additional Paid-In			Deferred Stock Based			Deficit Accumulated During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity			Temporary Equity— Unregistered Common Stock
	Shares		Amount			Shares	Amount		Capital			Compensation			Stage			(Deficiency)			Shares	Amount
Balance, January 31, 2006	277,100		$	277		3,100,717	$	310	$	20,266,357		$	(1,045,971	)	$	(15,740,263	)	$	3,480,710		—	$	—
Conversion of Series A preferred stock and issuance of common stock	(174,000	)	(174		)	137,739	14		160									—			—	—
Implementation of ASC 718									(1,045,971		)	1,045,971						0
Private placement of common stock						125,787	13		943,388									943,401
Payment of selling agents fees and expenses in cash									(118,341		)							(118,341		)
Issuance of 15,779 warrants to selling agents									55,568									55,568
Selling agents warrants charged to cost of capital									(55,568		)							(55,568		)
Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash at $6.00 per share																					166,667	1,000,000
Payment of finder’s fees and expenses in cash																						(80,000		)
Value of warrants classified as derivative financial instrument liability																						(15,000		)
Issuance of 27,425 units to finder									167,856									167,856
Common Stock issued for services						1,449	0		9,566									9,566
Value attributed to warrants issued with 6% convertible debentures									1,991,822									1,991,822
Reclassification of derivative financial instruments to stockholders’ equity upon adoption of ASC 815-40									567,085						(455,385		)	111,700
Warrants issued for services									101,131									101,131
Donated services									62,500									62,500
Stock based compensation									1,572,545									1,572,545
Preferred stock dividend															(59,164		)	(59,164		)
Net loss															(7,134,067		)	(7,134,067		)
Balance, January 31, 2007	103,100		$	103		3,365,692	$	337	$	24,518,098		$	0		$	(23,388,879	)	$	1,129,659		166,667	$	905,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock					Common Stock			Additional Paid-In			Deficit Accumulated During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity			Temporary Equity— Unregistered Common Stock
	Shares		Amount			Shares	Amount		Capital			Stage			(Deficiency)			Shares		Amount
Balance, January 31, 2007	103,100		$	103		3,365,692	$	337	$	24,518,098		$	(23,388,879	)	1,129,659			166,667		$	905,000
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock	(7,500	)	(7		)	7,813	1		6						—
Private placement of common stock						283,333	28		849,972						850,000
Payment of selling agent fees and expenses									(51,733		)				(51,733		)
Issuance of warrants to selling agents									45,403						45,403
Selling agent warrants charged to cost of capital									(45,403		)				(45,403		)
Derivative liability—warrants at issuance									(45,371		)				(45,371		)
Donated services									275,000						275,000
Stock-based compensation expense									914,847						914,847
Preferred stock dividend												(35,054		)	(35,054		)
Net loss												(4,683,141		)	(4,683,141		)
Balance, December 31, 2007	95,600		$	96		3,656,838	$	366	$	26,460,819		$	(28,107,074	)	(1,645,793		)	166,667		$	905,000
Reclassification of common stock initially recorded as temporary equity						166,667	17		904,983						905,000			(166,667	)	(905,000		)
Private placement of common stock						330,682	33		1,144,967						1,145,000
Payment of selling agents fees and expenses									(74,500		)				(74,500		)
Conversion of debenture to common stock						31,214	3		93,638						93,641
Derivative liability—warrants at issuance									(201,122		)				(201,122		)
Donated services									390,750						390,750
Stock based compensation									543,697						543,697
Preferred stock dividend												(38,240		)	(38,240		)
Net loss												(5,166,240		)	(5,166,240		)
Balance, December 31, 2008	95,600		$	96		4,185,401	$	419	$	29,263,232		$	(33,311,554	)	$	(4,047,807	)	0		$	0

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In			Deficit Accumulated During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital			Stage			(Deficiency)
Balance December, 31, 2008	95,600	$	96	4,185,401	$	419	$	29,263,232		$	(33,311,554	)	$	(4,047,807	)
Issuance of shares of common stock in connection with convertible debenture forbearance agreement				906,245	91		1,739,868						1,739,959
Issuance of shares of common stock in payment of convertible debenture interest				60,147	6		112,285						112,291
Private placements of common stock				488,333	49		1,464,951						1,465,000
Issuance of common stock pursuant to a non-exclusive selling agent’s agreement				68,897	7		306,730						306,737
Issuance of shares of common stock re settlement for consulting services rendered				159,630	16		478,874						478,890
Stock based compensation expense							177,836						177,836
Preferred stock dividend										(38,240		)	(38,240		)
Derivative liability—warrants and price protected units upon issuance							(1,497,568		)				(1,497,568		)
Net loss										(2,483,807		)	(2,483,807		)
Balance, December 31, 2009	95,600	$	96	5,868,653	$	588	$	32,046,208		$	(35,833,601	)	$	(3,786,709	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In			Accumulated Deficit During Development			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital			Stage			(Deficiency)
Balance, December 31, 2009	95,600	$	96	5,868,653	$	588	$	32,046,208		(35,833,601		)	$	(3,786,709	)
Issuance of shares of common stock in payment of convertible debenture interest				85,619	9		115,962						115,971
Issuance of common stock to selling agents				79,333	8		(8		)				—
Private placement of units				578,233	58		1,734,642						1,734,700
Derivative liabilitiy—price protected units upon issuance							(1,010,114		)				(1,010,114		)
Consulting services settled via issuance of stock				70,833	7		212,493						212,500
Shares issued in settlement of legal fees				29,240	3		99,997						100,000
Stock issued in payment of deferred salary to former CEO				12,745	1		28,345						28,346
Shares issued in connection with Agreement & Plan of Merger with Etherogen, Inc.				2,043,797	204		2,771,185						2,771,389
Stock Based Compensation expense							325,930						325,930
Preferred stock dividend										(38,240		)	(38,240		)
Net loss										(5,449,138		)	(5,449,138		)
Balance, December 31, 2010	95,600	$	96	8,768,453	$	878	$	36,324,640		$	(41,320,979	)	$	(4,995,365	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock Shares	Preferred Stock Amount		Common Stock Shares	Common Stock Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Deficit Accumulated During Development Stage			Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
Balance, December 31, 2010	95,600	$	96	8,768,453	$	878	$	36,324,640		$	(41,320,979	)	$	(4,995,365	)
Issuance of shares of common stock in payment of convertible debenture interest in accordance with Forbearance Agreement				64,214	6		85,269						85,275
Private placement of units				857,833	85		2,573,415						2,573,500
Derivative liability-fair value of warrants and price protected units issued							(1,298,618		)				(1,298,618		)
Shares issued in connection with Board Compensation				41,750	4		125,246						125,250
Issuance of common stock to shareholder as finder’s fees				90,258	9		(9		)				—
Issuance of common stock in connection with consulting services				58,333	6		174,994						175,000
Stock issued in connection with conversion of convertible debentures				856,185	85		1,130,079						1,130,164
Stock based compensation							250,978						250,978
Preferred stock dividend										(38,240		)	(38,240		)
Net loss										(2,239,212		)	(2,239,212		)
Balance, December 31, 2011	95,600	$	96	10,737,026	$	1,073	$	39,365,994		$	(43,598,431	)	$	(4,231,268	)
Units issued via registered underwritten direct public offering and private placement of units				4,383,333	438		16,899,562						16,900,000
Fees and expenses related to financing transactions							(1,576,452		)				(1,576,452		)
Derivative liability-fair value of warrants and price protected units issued							(1,796,610		)				(1,796,610		)
Correction of error in derivative liability—fair value of warrants price protected units issued							274,967						274,967
Warrants reclassified to additional paid in capital							3,317,463						3,317,463
Issuance of common stock and warrant to shareholder as finder’s fees				214,100	21		(21		)				—
Issuance of common stock in connection with Asset Purchase Agreement with MultiGen Diagnostics, Inc.				125,000	13		187,487						187,500
Issuance of common stock in connection with consulting services				9,916	1		22,380						22,381
Issuance of warrants in connection with advisory services							142,508						142,508
Stock based compensation							532,140						532,140
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options				200	—		600						600
Issuance of common stock upon net exercise of warrant				8,602	1		(1		)				—
Preferred stock dividend										(38,240		)	(38,240		)
Net loss										(11,565,961		)	(11,565,961		)
Balance, December 31, 2012	95,600	$	96	15,478,177	$	1,547	$	57,370,017		$	(55,202,632	)	$	2,169,028

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

(continued)

	Preferred Stock Shares		Preferred Stock Amount			Common Stock Shares	Common Stock Amount		Additional Paid-In Capital			Deficit Accumulated During Development Stage			Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
Balance, December 31, 2012	95,600		$	96		15,478,177	$	1,547	$	57,370,017		$	(55,202,632	)	$	2,169,028
Issuance of warrants in connection with services									198,791						198,791
Stock based compensation									217,924						217,924
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock	(17,500	)	(18		)	18,229	2		16						—
Issuance of common stock upon net exercise of warrant						7,284	1		(1		)				—
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants						12,501	1		66,504						66,505
Preferred stock dividend												(5,885		)	(5,885		)
Net loss												(1,110,696		)	(1,110,696		)
Balance, March 31, 2013 (unaudited)	78,100		$	78		15,516,191	$	1,551	$	57,853,251		$	(56,319,213	)	$	1,535,667

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

	Three Months ended March 31, 2013			Three Months ended March 31, 2012			For the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to March 31, 2013
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)

Operating activities
Net loss	$	(1,110,696	)	$	(1,162,642	)	$	(54,718,829	)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,779			6,190			277,420
Stock based compensation expense	540,266			102,830			12,552,731
Founders compensation contributed to equity	—			—			1,655,031
Donated services contributed to equity	—			—			829,381
Settlement of consulting services in stock	—			—			478,890
Amortization of deferred debt costs and original issue discount	—			—			2,346,330
Liquidated damages and other forbearance agreement settlement costs paid in stock	—			—			1,758,111
Interest expense on convertible debentures paid in stock	—			—			757,198
Change in fair value of financial instruments	(1,279,143		)	32,424			4,215,656
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			—			(623,383		)
Purchased in process research and development expense-related party	—			—			2,666,869
Stock issued in connection with payment of deferred salary	—			—			28,346
Stock issued in connection with settlement of legal fees	—			—			100,000
Stock issued in connection with consulting services	—			—			452,389
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in other assets	(156,694		)	—			(226,575		)
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable	110,317			22,607			(58,065		)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses	(67,043		)	217			(127,084		)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses	316,554			93,286			995,173
Net cash used in operating activities	(1,628,660		)	(905,088		)	(26,640,411		)

Investing activities:
Assets acquired in Etherogen, Inc. merger	—			—			(104,700		)
Capital expenditures	(93,351		)	(98,009		)	(607,734		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(93,351		)	(98,009		)	(712,434		)

Financing activities:
Proceeds from sale of 6% convertible debenture	—			—			2,335,050
Debt issuance costs	—			—			(297,104		)
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of expenses	—			889,500			32,755,551
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	66,505			—			66,505
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	—			—			600
Proceeds from a non-exclusive selling agent’s agreement	—			—			142,187
Costs associated with recapitalization	—			—			(362,849		)
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock	—			—			2,771,000
Payment of finders’ fee on preferred stock	—			—			(277,102		)
Redemption of common stock	—			—			(500,000		)
Payment of preferred stock dividends	—			—			(116,718		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	66,505			889,500			36,517,120
Net change in cash and equivalent-(decrease)increase	(1,655,506		)	(113,597		)	9,164,275
Cash and cash equivalents—Beginning of period	10,819,781			700,374			—
Cash and cash equivalents—End of period	$	9,164,275		$	586,777		$	9,164,275

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	Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Three Months Ended March 31, 2012		For the period August 4, 1999 (Inception) to March 31, 2013
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)

Supplementary disclosure of cash flow activity:
Cash paid for taxes	$	7,650	$	—	$	7,650

Cash paid for interest	$	—	$	—	$	—

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of preferred stock	$	—	$	—	$	—
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock	$	—	$	—	$	—
Issuance of 41,750 shares of common stock for Board of Directors’ fees in lieu of cash payment	$	—	$	—	$	125,250
Conversion of $2,335,050 of 6% debentures	$	—	$	—	$	1,130,164
Issuance of 125,000 shares of common stock pursuant to Asset Purchase Agreement with MultiGen Diagnostics, Inc.	$	—	$	187,500	$	187,500
Issuance of 2,043,797 shares of common stock pursuant to Agreement and Plan of Merger with Etherogen, Inc.	$	—	$	—	$	2,771,389
Reclassification of derivative financial instruments to additional paid in capital	$	—	$	—	$	(3,317,463	)
Correction of error in derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	—	$	(274,967	)
Series A Preferred beneficial conversion feature accreted as a dividend	$	—	$	—	$	792,956
Issuance of common stock from net exercise of warrants	$	—	$	—	$	—
Preferred stock dividends accrued	$	5,885	$	9,560	$	197,085
Interest paid in common stock	$	—	$	—	$	1,325,372

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Trovagene, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(A Development Stage Company)

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Business Overview, Basis of Presentation and Going Concern

Business Overview

Trovagene, Inc. (“Trovagene” or the “Company”) is a development stage molecular diagnostic company that focuses on the development and marketing of urine-based nucleic acid tests for patient/disease screening and monitoring. Trovagene’s primary focus is to leverage its urine-based (i.e. transrenal) testing platform to facilitate improvements in the fields of oncology, infectious disease, transplantation and prenatal genetics. The Company’s novel tests predominantly use transrenal DNA (Tr-DNA) and transrenal RNA (Tr-RNA). Tr-DNAs and Tr-RNAs are fragments of nucleic acids derived from dying cells inside the body. The intact DNA is fragmented in dying cells and released into the blood stream. These fragments have been shown to cross the kidney barrier and can be detected in urine. In addition, there is evidence that some species of RNA or their fragments are stable enough to cross the renal barrier. These RNA can also be isolated from urine, detected and analyzed. The Company’s technology is applicable to all transrenal nucleic acids (Tr-NA). Trovagene’s patented technology uses safe, non-invasive, cost effective and simple urine collection which can be applied to a broad range of testing including: minimal residual disease progression, infectious disease screening, transplant monitoring and prenatal genetic testing. Trovagene’s technology is ideally suited to be used in developing molecular diagnostic assays that will allow physicians to provide very simple, non-invasive and convenient screening and monitoring tests for their patients by identifying specific biomarkers involved in the disease process. In March 2013, Trovagene introduced its first urine-based test designed for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) screening. If the Company is successful, its novel assays may facilitate improved testing compliance resulting in earlier diagnosis of disease, more targeted treatment which will be more cost effective, and improvements in the quality of life for the patient.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Trovagene, which include its wholly owned subsidiary Xenomics, Inc., a California corporation (“Xenomics Sub”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain items in the comparable prior period’s financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 and for each of the two years ended December 31, 2012 and from inception (August 4, 1999) to December 31, 2012 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 1, 2013. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared by the Company without audit. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows at March 31, 2013, and for all periods presented herein, have been made. The results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

On May 24, 2012, the Board of Directors approved a 1-for-6 reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock effective on May 29, 2012. All the relevant information relating to number of shares and per share information contained in these consolidated financial statements has been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split for all periods presented.

Going Concern

Trovagene’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2013 have been prepared under the assumption that Trovagene will continue as a going concern. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain additional equity or debt financing, attain further operating efficiencies and, ultimately, to generate additional revenue. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The Company will be required to raise additional capital within the next twelve months to complete the development and commercialization of current product candidates and to continue to fund operations at its current cash expenditure levels.

Cash used in operating activities was $1,628,660 and $905,088, for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company incurred net loss of $1,110,696 and $1,162,642, respectively.

To date, Trovagene’s sources of cash have been primarily limited to the sale of debt and equity securities. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012 was $66,505 and $889,500, respectively. The Company cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. To the extent that the Company can

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raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, the Company’s stockholders may experience significant dilution. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants that impact the Company’s ability to conduct its business.

If the Company is unable to raise additional capital when required or on acceptable terms, it may have to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development and/or commercialization of one or more of its product candidates. The Company may also be required to:

· Seek collaborators for product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable and on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available; and

· Relinquish licenses or otherwise dispose of rights to technologies, product candidates or products that the Company would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize themselves, on unfavorable terms.

The Company has approximately $8.6 million of cash at May 9, 2013.

2. Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share is presented in conformity with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share, for all periods presented. In accordance with this guidance, basic and diluted net loss per common share was determined by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. In a period where there is a net loss position, diluted weighted-average shares are the same as basic weighted-average shares. Shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per common share exclude as antidilutive the following share equivalents:

	March 31,
	2013	2012
Options to purchase Common Stock	3,962,710	2,971,192
Warrants to purchase Common stock	7,009,824	3,930,351
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	81,354	99,583

	11,053,888	7,001,126

3. Accounting for Share-Based Payments

Stock Options

ASC Topic 718 “Compensation—Stock Compensation” requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for the award of equity instruments based on the estimated fair value of the award at the date of grant. The expense is to be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award. ASC Topic 718 did not change the way Trovagene accounts for non-employee stock-based compensation.Trovagene accounts for shares of common stock, stock options and warrants issued to non-employees based on the fair value of the stock, stock option or warrant, if that value is more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration or services received. The Company accounts for stock options issued and vesting to non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 505-50 “Equity-Based Payment to Non-Employees” whereas the value of the stock compensation is based upon the measurement date as determined at either: a) the date at which a performance commitment is reached, or b) at the date at which the necessary performance to earn the equity instruments is complete. Accordingly the fair value of these options is being “marked to market” quarterly until the measurement date is determined.

Stock-based compensation expense related to Trovagene options have been recognized in operating results as follow:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2013		2012
Included in research and development expense	$	122,317	$	7,583
Included in general and administrative expense	219,158		95,247
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	341,475	$	102,830

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The unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options outstanding at March 31, 2013 and 2012, net of expected forfeitures, was $3,504,395 and $875,885, respectively, to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining vesting period of approximately four years.

The estimated fair value of stock option awards was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following assumptions during the following periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
Risk-free interest rate	0.82-0.89	%	1.04	%
Dividend yield	0	%	0	%
Expected volatility	97	%	90	%
Expected term (in years)	5.0 yrs.		5.0 yrs.

A summary of stock option activity and of changes in stock options outstanding under the Plan is presented below:

	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Intrinsic Value
Balance outstanding, December 31, 2012	3,711,303		$	4.69
Granted	300,427		7.03
Forfeited	(49,020	)	4.55
Balance outstanding, March 31, 2013	3,962,710		$	4.87	$	2,513,114
Exercisable at March 31, 2013	1,926,328		$	5.85	$	2,300,760

The Company issued 156,877 options over the authorized number of options in the Plan. As per ASC Topic 815-40, the options should be accounted for as liabilities and recorded at fair value with the changes in fair value being recorded in the Company’s statement of operations. Once stockholder approval is obtained to increase the number of authorized shares, the liability will then be reversed into additional paid in capital. The Company has recorded $123,551 of stock based compensation and the liability for this amount in accrued expenses.

Warrants

A summary of warrant activity is presented below:

	Number of Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise price		Remaining Contractual Term
Balance outstanding, December 31, 2012	6,985,070		$	3.96
Granted	50,000			8.00
Exercised	(25,246	)	4.15
Balance outstanding March 31, 2013	7,009,824		$	3.99	7 months - 5.75 years

The Company issued a warrant to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share, in the three months ended March 31, 2013. The warrants were issued in connection with an agreement to provide services related to investor and public relations materials and expire three years from date of grant. The estimated fair value of the warrant was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model using the following assumptions: a risk-free interest rate of 0.42%, dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 97% and expected term of three years. The resulting fair value of $198,791 was recorded as stock based compensation expense.

4. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

Common Stock

During the three month period ended March 31, 2013, the Company issued 19,785 shares of Common Stock upon exercise of warrants. Of these shares, 12,501 were issued at an exercise price of $5.32. The remaining 7,284 were purchased upon net exercise of 12,745 warrants at an exercise price of $3.00.

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Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

During the first quarter of 2013, 17,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into 18,229 shares of common stock, on a net converted basis. As of March 31, 2013, 78,100 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred were outstanding.

5. Asset Purchase Agreement

On February 1, 2012 the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement with MultiGen Diagnostics, Inc. The Company determined that the acquired asset does not meet the definition of a business, as defined in ASC 805, Business Combinations and will be accounted for under ASC 350, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other. In connection with the acquisition, the Company issued 750,000 shares of restricted common stock to MultiGen. In addition, up to an additional $3.7 million may be paid in a combination of common stock and cash to MultiGen upon the achievement of specific sales and earnings targets. In addition, in connection with the acquisition, the Company entered into a Reagent Supply Agreement dated as of February 1, 2012 pursuant to which MultiGen will supply and deliver reagents to be used in connection with a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA) laboratory. The total purchase consideration was determined to be $187,500 which was paid in the Company’s common stock.

Under ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, the Company was required to assess the fair value of the assets acquired and the contingent consideration at the date of acquisition. Therefore, the Company assessed the fair value of the assets purchased and concluded that the purchase price would be allocated entirely to one intangible asset, a CLIA license. The contingent consideration of the $3.7 million milestone was determined to have no fair value by applying a weighted average probability on the achievement of the milestones developed during the valuation process. The Company will assess the fair value of the contingent consideration at each quarter and make adjustments as necessary until the milestone dates have expired. As of March 31, 2013, no adjustments to the fair value of the contingent consideration have been necessary, and therefore the fair value of the contingent consideration remains unchanged.

6. Derivative Financial Instruments - Warrants

Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted provisions of ASC Topic 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging: Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC Topic 815-40”). ASC Topic 815-40 clarifies the determination of whether an instrument issued by an entity (or an embedded feature in the instrument) is indexed to an entity’s own stock, which would qualify as a scope exception under ASC Topic 815-10.

Based upon the Company’s analysis of the criteria contained in ASC Topic 815-40, Trovagene has determined that the warrants issued in connection with certain of its private placements and with its debentures must be recorded as derivative liabilities. Accordingly the warrants are also being re-measured at each balance sheet date based on estimated fair value, and any resultant changes in fair value is being recorded in the Company’s statement of operations.

The Company estimates the fair value of the warrants issued in connection with certain of its private placements and with its debentures using the Black-Scholes model in order to determine the associated derivative instrument liability and change in fair value described above. The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of the warrants at the end of each three month period, March 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2013		Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
Estimated fair value of Trovagene common stock	$	6.26	$	1.50
Expected warrant term	0.82 – 5.76 years		5 years
Risk-free interest rate	0.11-1.01%		1.04%
Expected volatility	97%		90%
Dividend yield	0%		0%

The following table sets forth the components of changes in the Company’s derivative financial instruments liability balance, valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing method, for the periods indicated:

Date	Description	Warrants	Derivative Instrument Liability

December 31, 2012	Balance of derivative financial instruments liability	1,087,060	$	6,252,760

	Change in fair value of warrants during the quarter recognized as a gain in the statement of operations	—	(727,113		)

March 31, 2013	Balance of derivative financial instruments liability	1,087,060	$	5,525,647

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The Company has issued units that were price protected. Based upon the Company’s analysis of the criteria contained in ASC Topic 815-40, Trovagene has determined that these price protected units issued in connection with the private placements must be recorded as derivative liabilities. Accordingly the warrants are also being re-measured at each balance sheet date based on estimated fair value, and any resultant changes in fair value is being recorded in the Company’s statement of operations. The fair value of these price protected units was estimated using the binomial option pricing model. The binomial model requires the input of variable inputs over time, including the expected stock price volatility, the expected price multiple at which unit holders are likely to exercise their warrants and the expected forfeiture rate. The Company uses historical data to estimate forfeiture rate and expected stock price volatility within the binomial model. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the date of grant for the expected term of the warrant.

The following table sets forth the components of changes in the Company’s derivative financial instruments liability balance, valued using the Binomial option pricing method, for the periods indicated:

Date	Number of Price Protected Units	Derivative Liability For Issued Units		Change In Fair value of Derivative Liability For Previously Outstanding Price Protected Units			Ending Balance Derivative Liability
December 31, 2012	1,288,650	$	1,171,463	$	1,341,405		$	2,512,868
Change in fair value of warrants during the quarter recognized as a gain in the statement of operations	—	—		(552,030		)	(552,030		)
March 31, 2013	1,288,650	$	1,171,463	$	789,375		$	1,960,838

At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the total fair value of the above warrants accounted for as derivative financial instruments, valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the Binomial option pricing model was $7,486,485 and $8,765,628, respectively, and is classified as derivative financial instruments liability on the balance sheet.

7. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value of financial instruments

The Company has adopted FASB ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) for financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable. These financial instruments are stated at their respective historical carrying amounts which approximate fair value due to their short term nature.

The following tables present the Company’s liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013:

Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance as of December 31, 2012
Derivative liabilities related to Warrants	$	—	$	—	$	8,765,628	$	8,765,628

Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance as of March 31, 2013
Derivative liabilities related to Warrants	$	—	$	—	$	7,486,485	$	7,486,485

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2013:

Description	Balance at December 31, 2012		Unrealized (gains) or losses			Balance as of March 31, 2013
Derivative liabilities related to Warrants	$	8,765,628	$	(1,279,143	)	$	7,486,485

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The unrealized gains or losses on the derivative liabilities are recorded as a change in fair value of derivative liabilities in the Company’s statement of operations. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. At each reporting period, the Company reviews the assets and liabilities that are subject to ASC Topic 815-40. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs or instruments which trade infrequently and therefore have little or no price transparency are classified as Level 3.

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8. Commitments and Contingencies

Research and Development Agreements

During 2012, the Company entered into research agreements with University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (“MDACC”) to provide samples and evaluate methods used by the Company in identification of pancreatic cancer mutations, as well as to measure the degree of concordance between results of transrenal DNA mutations analysis from urine samples and tumor tissue. Under these agreements, the Company has committed to pay $152,900 for the services performed by the University. As of March 31, 2013, the Company has incurred $78,990 related to these agreements.

Employment Agreement

In January 2013, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mark Erlander, Ph.D. in which he agreed to serve as Chief Scientific Officer. Dr. Erlander’s salary is $200,000 per year. Dr. Erlander is eligible to receive a cash bonus of up to 50% of his base salary per year at the discretion of the Compensation Committee based on goals mutually agreed upon by Dr. Erlander, the CEO and the Board of Directors. In connection with his employment, Dr. Erlander was granted a stock option to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.04. The option vests ratably over a four year period. If the Company terminates Dr. Erlander without cause, he is entitled to severance benefits equal to six months of his base salary.

Public Offering and Controlled Equity Offering

On January 25, 2013 the Company filed a Form S-3 Registration Statement to offer and sell in one or more offerings, any combination of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, or units having an aggregate initial offering price not exceeding $150,000,000. The preferred stock, warrants, and units may be convertible or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock or preferred stock or other Trovagene securities. This form was declared effective on February 4, 2013. In addition, in connection with the Form S-3, the Company entered into an agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Agent”) on January 25, 2013 to issue and sell up to $30,000,000 of shares of common stock through them. As payment for its services, the Agent is entitled to a 3% commission on gross proceeds. No amounts have been raised to date relating to this agreement.

9. Subsequent Events

Research and Development Agreement

On April 25, 2013 the Company entered into a Research and Development Agreement with PerkinElmer Health Sciences, Inc. (“PerkinElmer”) pursuant to which the Company will design an assay, based on the Company’s TrNA technology, to determine the risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The Company and PerkinElmer will jointly validate the assay and evaluate the potential of combining the Company’s TrNA technology with PerkinElmer’s technology for automation of nucleic acid isolation. PerkinElmer will pay the Company certain milestone payments. To date, no milestones have been met. In addition, the Company has granted PerkinElmer an exclusive option (the “HCC Option”) to obtain an exclusive royalty-bearing license to use the Company’s technology within the hepatocellular carcinoma field (the “HCC Field”). Such option is exercisable within 15 days of the end of proof of principle work on the hepatocellular carcinoma assay. In the event PerkinElmer exercises such option, the Company and PerkinElmer shall have a 60 day period to negotiate a license agreement. If both parties cannot agree on the terms of a license agreement during such period, for a period of one year, and if the Company wishes to enter into a license agreement with a third party pursuant to which the Company shall grant to such third party a license on terms that are in the aggregate more favorable to the Company than the terms last offered by the Company to PerkinElmer, then the Company shall, prior to entering into such license agreement, first offer to enter into such license agreement with PerkinElmer instead of such third party.

The Company has also granted PerkinElmer an exclusive option to obtain an exclusive royalty-bearing license to use the Company’s technology in other fields. Such option is exercisable within 15 days of the completion of the proof of principle work for the HCC assay development. In the event PerkinElmer exercises such option, the Company and PerkinElmer shall have a 60 day period to negotiate a license agreement. If both parties cannot agree on the terms of a license agreement during such period or the option is not exercised by PerkinElmer, the Company shall be free to license such technology to any party.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report, including statements regarding the future financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “should,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions.

In addition, our business and financial performance may be affected by the factors that are discussed under “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, filed on April 1, 2013. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

You should not rely upon forward looking statements as predictions of future events. We cannot assure you that the events and circumstances reflected in the forward looking statements will be achieved or occur. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements, included herewith. This discussion should not be construed to imply that the results discussed herein will necessarily continue into the future, or that any conclusion reached herein will necessarily be indicative of actual operating results in the future. Such discussion represents only the best present assessment of our management.

Overview

From August 4, 1999 (inception) through March 31, 2013 we have sustained a cumulative total deficit of $56,319,213. From inception through March 31, 2013, we have generated minimal revenues and expect to incur additional losses to perform further research and development activities, We recently announced the launch of our first commercial product, a urine-based human papillomavirus (HPV) test.

Our product development and commercialization efforts are in their early stages and we cannot make estimates of the costs or the time they will take to complete. The risk of completion of any program is high because of the many uncertainties involved in bringing new diagnostic products to market including the long duration of clinical testing, the specific performance of proposed products under stringent clinical trial protocols, the extended regulatory approval and review cycles, our ability to raise additional capital, the nature and timing of research and development expenses and competing technologies being developed by organizations with significantly greater resources.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Inflation

It is our opinion that inflation has not had a material effect on our operations.

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Critical Accounting Policies

Royalty and License Revenues

We license and sublicense our patent rights to healthcare companies, medical laboratories and biotechnology partners. These agreements may involve multiple elements such as license fees, royalties and milestone payments. Revenue is recognized for each element when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.

· Up-front nonrefundable license fees pursuant to agreements under which we have no continuing performance obligations are recognized as revenues on the effective date of the agreement and when collection is reasonably assured.

· Minimum royalties are recognized as earned, and royalties in excess of minimum amounts are recognized upon receipt of payment when collection is assured.

· Milestone payments are recognized when both the milestone is achieved and the related payment is received.

Derivative Financial Instruments-Warrants

Our derivative liabilities are related to warrants issued in connection with financing transactions and are therefore not designated as hedging instruments. All derivatives are recorded on our balance sheet at fair value in accordance with current accounting guidelines for such complex financial instruments.

We have issued common stock warrants in connection with the execution of certain equity and debt financings. Such warrants are classified as derivative liabilities under the provisions of FASB ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), and are recorded at their fair market value as of each reporting period. Such warrants do not meet the exemption that a contract should not be considered a derivative instrument if it is: (1) indexed to its own stock, and (2) classified in stockholders’ equity. Changes in fair value of derivative liabilities are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations under the caption “Change in fair value of derivative instruments.”

Research and Development

Research and development costs, which include expenditures in connection with an in-house research and development laboratory, salaries and staff costs, application and filing for regulatory approval of proposed products, purchased in-process research and development, regulatory and scientific consulting fees, as well as contract research and insurance, are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 730-10-55-2, Research and Development. Also, as prescribed by this guidance, patent filing and maintenance expenses are considered legal in nature and therefore classified as general and administrative expense. Costs are not allocated to projects as the majority of the costs relate to employees and facilities costs and we do not track employees’ hours by project or allocate facilities costs on a project basis.

Share-based Compensation

Share-based compensation expense for employees and directors is recognized in the statement of operations based on estimated amounts, including the grant date fair value and the expected service period. For stock options, we estimate the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes model. Share-based compensation recorded in our statement of operations is based on awards expected to ultimately vest and has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. We recognize the value of the awards on a straight-line basis over the awards’ requisite service periods. The requisite service period is generally the time over which our share-based awards vest.

We account for equity instruments granted to non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 505-50 “Equity-Based Payment to Non-Employees” where the value of the share-based compensation is based upon the measurement date as determined at either: a) the date at which a performance commitment is reached, or b) at the date at which the necessary performance to earn the equity instruments is complete. Accordingly the fair value of these options is being “marked to market” quarterly until the measurement date is determined.

Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and derivative liabilities. We have adopted FASB ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) for financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at

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fair value, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These financial instruments are stated at their respective historical carrying amounts which approximate to fair value due to their short term nature.

ASC 820 provides that the measurement of fair value requires the use of techniques based on observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. The inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

· Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

· Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations where inputs are observable or where significant value drivers are observable.

· Level 3 — Instruments where significant value drivers are unobservable to third parties.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 and 2012

Revenues

Our total revenues were $119,123 and $34,153 for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and consisted of royalty income. Royalty income increased by $84,970 in the three months ended March 31, 2013, due to an increase of approximately $72,000 in actual royalties received in excess of minimum royalties, with the remainder of the increase resulting from two agreements that did not have any revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2012.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consisted of the following:

	For the three months ended March 31,
	2013		2012		Increase
Salaries and staff costs	$	426,629	$	169,893	$	256,736
Outside services, consultants and lab supplies	268,642		86,802		181,840
Facilities	91,762		78,678		13,084
Other	15,212		2,034		13,178
Total research and development	$	802,245	$	337,407	$	464,838

Research and development expenses increased by $464,838 to $802,245 for the three months ended March 31, 2013 from $337,407 for the same period in 2012. Substantially all of the increase resulted from the increases in salaries and staff costs and outside services, consultants and lab supplies as we expanded our research and development efforts to support the clinical collaborations entered into during 2012 related to detection of certain types of cancer in urine samples. The increase in salaries and staff costs was comprised of approximately $217,000 from an increase of five employees and approximately $40,000 from the recruitment of two employees. Outside services, consultants and lab supplies increased in the three months ended March 31, 2013, as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase of approximately $161,000 in lab supplies, samples and research agreements and approximately $20,000 resulting from additional consulting related to our CLIA lab.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consisted of the following:

	For the three months ended March 31,
	2013		2012		Increase
Salaries and staff costs	$	721,368	$	129,948	$	591,420
Outside services and Board of Director fees	443,124		291,543		151,581
Legal and accounting fees	336,151		328,856		7,295
Facilities	47,593		24,123		23,470
Insurance	27,780		17,548		10,232
Other	130,701		34,946		95,755
	$	1,706,717	$	826,964	$	879,753

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General and administrative expenses increased by $879,753 to $1,706,717 for the three months ended March 31, 2013, from $826,964 for the same period in 2012. This overall increase was primarily due to an increase in salaries and staff costs, outside services and Board of Director fees and other expenses from building our sales, marketing and business development infrastructure in preparation of upcoming launch and commercialization of our diagnostic products. The increase in salaries and staff costs resulted from the addition of five employees in the three month period ended March 31, 2013 as compared to the same period of the prior year. The increase in outside services and Board of Director fees was comprised of approximately $66,000 increase in Business Development, Sales and Market research services, an increase of approximately $50,000 related to Edgar and XBRL fees for our SEC documents, an approximate $26,000 increase in fees paid to our Board of Directors, and most of the remaining increase was attributed to increased payroll processing and set up fees due to the increase in the number of personnel in comparison to the prior year. Other expenses increased by approximately $96,000 primarily as a result of increased travel, tax filing fees and attendance at meetings and conferences.

Change in Fair Value of Derivative Instruments - Warrants

We have issued securities that are accounted for as derivative liabilities. As of March 31, 2013, the derivative liabilities related to securities issued were revalued to $7,486,485, resulting in a net decrease in value of $1,279,143 from December 31, 2012, based primarily upon the change in our stock price from $6.93 at December 31, 2012 to $6.26 at March 31, 2013 and the changes in the expected term and risk free interest rates for the expected term. The decrease in value was recorded as non-operating gain for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

Net Loss

Net loss and per share amounts were as follows:

	For the three months ended March 31,
	2013			2012
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common shareholders	$	1,116,581		$	1,172,202

Net loss per common share: basic and diluted	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.11	)
Weighted average shares: basic and diluted	15,510,340			11,001,679

The $55,621 decrease in net loss and $0.04 decrease in net loss per share in 2013 compared to 2012 reflected a slight increase in revenues, offset by an increase in operating expenses and a gain from the change in fair value in derivative liabilities. Net loss per share in 2013 was also favorably impacted by the sale and issuance of 4.3 million shares of common stock resulting from the direct public offering in May 2012, private placements, and exercise of stock options and warrants.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

As of March 31, 2013, we had $9,164,275 in cash and cash equivalents. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2013 was $1,628,660, compared to $905,088 for the three months ended March 31, 2012. Our use of cash was primarily a result of the net loss of $1,110,696 for the three months ended March 31, 2013, adjusted for non-cash items related to stock-based compensation of $540,266, depreciation and amortization of $17,779 and the gain from the change in fair value of derivatives of $1,279,143. The changes in our operating assets and liabilities consisted of higher accounts payable and accrued expenses, prepaid expenses and other assets, and a decrease in accounts receivable. At our current and anticipated level of operating loss, we expect to continue to incur an operating cash outflow for the next several years.

Investing activities consisted of purchases for capital equipment and intangible assets that used $93,351 in cash during the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to $98,009 for the same period in 2012.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $66,505 during the three months ended March 31, 2013, compared to $889,500 in 2012. Financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2013 were from proceeds related to the exercise of warrants, while in 2012 the net cash provided by financing activities were from proceeds received related to the sale of common stock.

As of March 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, we had working capital of $8,173,063 and $10,317,833, respectively. As of May 9, 2013, our working capital was $7,965,473.

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Our working capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors including but not limited to the nature, cost and timing of our research and development programs. We will be required to raise additional capital within the next twelve months to complete the development and commercialization of current product candidates, to fund the existing working capital deficit and to continue to fund operations at our current cash expenditure levels. To date, our sources of cash have been primarily limited to the sale of equity securities and debentures. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. To the extent that we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience significant dilution. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants that impact our ability to conduct business. If we are unable to raise additional capital when required or on acceptable terms, we may have to (i) significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development and/or commercialization of one or more of product candidates; (ii) seek collaborators for product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable and on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available; or (iii) relinquish or otherwise dispose of rights to technologies, product candidates or products that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize ourselves on unfavorable terms.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

At the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on that evaluation, as of March 31, 2013, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, due to weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting. We are implementing remedial measures designed to address the ineffectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are not a party to any pending legal proceeding, nor is our property the subject of a pending legal proceeding, that is not in the ordinary course of business or otherwise material to the financial condition of our business. None of our directors, officers or affiliates is involved in a proceeding adverse to our business or has a material interest adverse to our business.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibit

10.1		Research and Development Agreement between PerkinElmer Health Sciences, Inc. and Trovagene, Inc. dated as of April 25, 2013.*

31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Exchange Act.

31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer required under Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Exchange Act.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended March 31, 2013, filed on May 14, 2013, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders Equity (Deficit) and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements tagged as blocks of text.

*Portions of this exhibit were omitted and filed separately with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	TROVAGENE, INC.

May 14, 2013	By:	/s/ Antonius Schuh
		Antonius Schuh
		Chief Executive Officer


	TROVAGENE, INC.

May 14, 2013	By:	/s/ Stephen Zaniboni
		Stephen Zaniboni
		Chief Financial Officer