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DIVERSIFIED HEALTHCARE TRUST - Annual Report: 2002 (Form 10-K)

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

ý ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002

 

OR

 

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number 001-15319

 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

 

 

Maryland

 

04-3445278

(State of Organization)

 

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

 

 

 

400 Centre Street, Newton, Massachusetts 02458

617-796-8350

 

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Shares of Beneficial Interest

 

New York Stock Exchange

Trust Preferred Securities of SNH Capital
Trust I

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

 

 

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ý  No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ý

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).  Yes ý No o

 

The aggregate market value of the voting shares of the registrant held by non-affiliates was $714.1 million based on the $15.70 closing price per common share on the New York Stock Exchange on June 28, 2002.  For purposes of this calculation, 12,809,238 common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value, held by HRPT Properties Trust and an aggregate of 142,906 common shares held directly or by affiliates of the trustees and officers of the registrant have been included in the number of shares held by affiliates.

 

Number of the registrant’s Common Shares outstanding as of March 14, 2003: 58,436,900.

 

 



 

References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the “Company”, “SNH”, “we”, “us” or “our” include Senior Housing Properties Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Certain information required in Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of shareholders currently scheduled for May 6, 2003.

 

WARNING CONCERNING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K CONTAINS FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995 AND FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS.  THESE STATEMENTS APPEAR IN A NUMBER OF PLACES IN THIS FORM 10-K AND INCLUDE STATEMENTS REGARDING OUR INTENT, BELIEF OR EXPECTATIONS, OR THE INTENT, BELIEF OR EXPECTATIONS OF OUR TRUSTEES OR OUR OFFICERS WITH RESPECT TO OUR TENANTS’ ABILITY TO PAY OUR RENTS, OUR ABILITY TO PURCHASE ADDITIONAL PROPERTIES, OUR ABILITY TO PAY INTEREST AND DEBT PRINCIPAL AND MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS, OUR POLICIES AND PLANS REGARDING INVESTMENTS, FINANCINGS AND OTHER MATTERS, OUR TAX STATUS AS A REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST, OUR ABILITY TO APPROPRIATELY BALANCE THE USE OF DEBT AND EQUITY AND TO RAISE CAPITAL, OUR LITIGATION WITH MARRIOTT INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND OTHER MATTERS.  ALSO, WHENEVER WE USE WORDS SUCH AS “BELIEVE”, “EXPECT”, “ANTICIPATE”, “INTEND”, “PLAN”, “ESTIMATE” OR SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS, WE ARE MAKING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS.  ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN OR IMPLIED BY THE FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AS A RESULT OF VARIOUS FACTORS.  SUCH FACTORS INCLUDE, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY AND THE CAPITAL MARKETS (INCLUDING PREVAILING INTEREST RATES) ON US AND OUR TENANTS, COMPLIANCE WITH AND CHANGES TO REGULATIONS AND PAYMENT POLICIES WITHIN THE REAL ESTATE, SENIOR HOUSING AND HEALTHCARE INDUSTRIES, CHANGES IN FINANCING TERMS, COMPETITION WITHIN THE REAL ESTATE, SENIOR HOUSING AND HEALTHCARE INDUSTRIES, AND CHANGES IN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL LEGISLATION.  FOR EXAMPLE, OUR TENANTS MAY EXPERIENCE LOSSES AND BECOME UNABLE TO PAY OUR RENTS; WE MAY BE UNABLE TO IDENTIFY PROPERTIES WHICH WE WANT TO BUY OR TO NEGOTIATE ACCEPTABLE PURCHASE PRICES OR LEASE TERMS FOR NEW PROPERTIES. THESE UNEXPECTED RESULTS COULD OCCUR DUE TO MANY DIFFERENT CIRCUMSTANCES, SOME OF WHICH, SUCH AS CHANGES IN OUR TENANTS’ COSTS OR THEIR REVENUES INCLUDING MEDICARE AND MEDICAID REVENUES OR CHANGES IN THE CAPITAL MARKETS OR THE ECONOMY GENERALLY, ARE BEYOND OUR CONTROL.  SIMILARLY, THE FACT THAT A MARYLAND COURT HAS ISSUED A PRELIMINARY ORDER WHICH PERMITS OR PROHIBITS ACTIONS BY MARRIOTT, US AND FIVE STAR MAY IMPLY THAT THE FINAL OUTCOME OF THIS CASE WILL ALSO PERMIT OR PROHIBIT THOSE ACTIONS.  HOWEVER, AFTER FURTHER HEARINGS, THE MARYLAND COURT MAY REVOKE THE PRIOR ORDER OR ISSUE A NEW AND DIFFERENT ORDER.  ALSO, OUR ASSERTIONS THAT MARRIOTT HAS IMPROPERLY ALLOCATED CHARGES TO THE MARRIOTT COMMUNITIES, IMPROPERLY PROFITED FROM SALES BY MARRIOTT AFFILIATES TO THOSE COMMUNITIES OR MADE UNTIMELY PAYMENTS TO FIVE STAR ARE BEING DISPUTED BY MARRIOTT.  DISCOVERY DURING LAWSUITS OR DECISIONS BY COURTS MAY RESULT IN DIFFERENT AND CONTRARY CONCLUSIONS. FURTHER, WE CURRENTLY EXPECT FIVE STAR COULD ASSUME THE OPERATIONS OF OUR 31 SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES WHICH ARE MANAGED BY MARRIOTT AND THAT THIS CHANGE IN OPERATIONS WOULD NOT RESULT IN AN INTERRUPTION IN THE RENT PAID BY FIVE STAR TO US FOR THESE COMMUNITIES.  HOWEVER, MARRIOTT IS DISPUTING THE TERMINATION OF ITS MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS AND MAY REFUSE TO COOPERATE IN THE TRANSITION OF THESE OPERATIONS, AND SUCH ACTIONS BY MARRIOTT MAY CAUSE FINANCIAL LOSSES TO FIVE STAR WHICH MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE FOR FIVE STAR TO CONTINUE TO PAY RENT DUE US.  MARRIOTT INTENDS TO TRANSFER THE OPERATIONS OF THE 31 SENIOR LIVING COMMUNITIES TO SUNRISE; WE ARE UNABLE TO PREDICT WHAT EFFECT THIS TRANSFER MAY HAVE UPON FIVE STAR’S ABILITY TO PAY OUR RENT FOR THESE COMMUNITIES.  THE PENDING LITIGATION COULD BE EXPENSIVE AND MIGHT HAVE UNEXPECTED OUTCOMES.  FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE ONLY EXPRESSIONS OF OUR PRESENT EXPECTATIONS AND INTENTIONS.  FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE NOT GUARANTEED TO OCCUR, AND THEY MAY NOT OCCUR.  YOU SHOULD NOT PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE UPON FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS.

 

WARNING CONCERNING LIMITED LIABILITY

 

THE ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT ESTABLISHING SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST, DATED SEPTEMBER 20, 1999,  TOGETHER WITH ALL AMENDMENTS THERETO, AS DULY FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF ASSESSMENTS AND TAXATION OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND, PROVIDES THAT THE NAME “SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST” REFERS TO THE TRUSTEES UNDER THE DECLARATION OF TRUST AS TRUSTEES, BUT NOT INDIVIDUALLY OR PERSONALLY, AND THAT NO TRUSTEE, OFFICER, SHAREHOLDER, EMPLOYEE OR AGENT OF SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST SHALL BE HELD TO ANY PERSONAL LIABILITY FOR ANY OBLIGATION OF, OR CLAIM AGAINST, SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST.  ALL PERSONS DEALING WITH SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST, IN ANY WAY, SHALL LOOK ONLY TO THE ASSETS OF SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST FOR THE PAYMENT OF ANY SUM OR THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY OBLIGATION.

 



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST
2002 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

 

Table of Contents

 

Part I

Page

 

 

Item 1.

Business

1

Item 2.

Properties

35

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

36

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

37

 

 

Part II

 

 

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Stock and Related Shareholder Matters

38

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

39

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

40

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

53

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

54

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

54

 

 

 

Part III

 

 

 

Item 10.

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

*

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

*

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

54

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

*

Item 14.

Controls and Procedures

56

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

56

 

 


 

*                               Incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders currently scheduled to be held on May 6, 2003, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 



 

PART I

 

Item 1.    Business

 

The Company.

 

We are a real estate investment trust, or REIT, which was organized under the laws of the state of Maryland in 1998 to continue the senior housing real estate investment business of HRPT Properties Trust (“HRPT”), our former parent.  We invest in senior housing real estate, including apartment buildings for aged residents, independent living properties, assisted living facilities and nursing homes.  As of December 31, 2002, we owned 119 properties located in 29 states.  On that date, the undepreciated carrying value of our properties, net of impairment losses, was $1.2 billion.  Our principal executive offices are located at 400 Centre Street, Newton, Massachusetts 02458, and our telephone number is (617) 796-8350.

 

We believe that the aging of the United States population will increase the demand for existing senior apartments, independent living properties, assisted living facilities and nursing homes and encourage development of new properties.  Our basic business plan is to profit from this increasing demand in two ways.  First, we intend to purchase additional properties and lease them at initial rents that are greater than our costs of acquisition capital.  Second, we intend to structure leases that provide for periodic rental increases.

 

Our present business plan contemplates investments in properties which offer four types of senior housing accommodations, including some properties that combine more than one type in a single building or campus.  Our investment, financing and disposition policies are established by our board of trustees and may be changed by our board of trustees at any time without shareholder approval.

 

Senior Apartments.  Senior apartments are marketed to residents who are generally capable of caring for themselves. Residence is usually restricted on the basis of age. Purpose built properties may have special function rooms, concierge services, high levels of security and assistance call systems for emergency use. Residents at these properties who need healthcare or assistance with the activities of daily living are expected to contract independently for these services with homemakers or home healthcare companies.

 

Independent Living Properties.  Independent living properties, or congregate communities, also provide high levels of privacy to residents and require residents to be capable of relatively high degrees of independence. Unlike a senior apartment property, an independent living property usually bundles several services as part of a regular monthly charge—for example, one or two meals per day in a central dining room, weekly maid service or a social director may be offered. Additional services are generally available from staff employees on a fee-for-service basis. In some independent living properties, separate parts of the property are dedicated to assisted living or nursing services.

 

Assisted Living Facilities.  Assisted living facilities are typically comprised of one bedroom suites which include private bathrooms and efficiency kitchens. Services bundled within one charge usually include three meals per day in a central dining room, daily housekeeping, laundry, medical reminders and 24 hour availability of assistance with the activities of daily living such as dressing and bathing. Professional nursing and healthcare services are usually available at the property on call or at regularly scheduled times. Since the early 1990s, there has been significant growth in the number of purpose built assisted living facilities.

 

1



 

Nursing Homes.  Nursing homes generally provide extensive nursing and healthcare services similar to those available in hospitals, without the high costs associated with operating theaters, emergency rooms or intensive care units. A typical purpose built nursing home includes mostly two-bed units with a separate bathroom in each unit and shared dining and bathing facilities. Some private rooms are often available for those residents who pay higher rates or for patients whose medical conditions require segregation. Nursing homes are generally staffed by licensed nursing professionals 24 hours per day.

 

Although they are not among the property types which we currently intend to target for future investment, we also own two rehabilitation hospitals.  These hospitals were acquired in a property exchange transaction for nursing homes which we previously owned when our tenant, HEALTHSOUTH Corporation (“HEALTHSOUTH”), decided to cease operating the nursing homes.

 

Other Types of Real Estate.  In the past we have considered investing in real estate different from senior housing properties.  To date we have not made any such investments, but we may continue to explore such alternative investments.

 

Tenants.

 

Our financial condition depends, in part, upon the financial condition of our tenants and property operators.  The following table represents information about our tenants and property operators, the undepreciated carrying value and net book value of our properties which they lease and operate, our rent from these tenants and the lease expirations, all as of or for the year ended December 31, 2002 (dollars in thousands):

 

Tenant/Operator

 

Number of
Properties
(beds/units)

 

Undepreciated
Carrying
Value of
Properties

 

Net Book
Value of
Properties

 

2002
Rent

 

Lease
Expirations

 

Marriott Senior Living Services, Inc. (“MSLS”)

 

14 (4,030

)

$

325,472

 

$

263,214

 

$

31,245

 

12/31/13

 

Five Star Quality Care, Inc. (“Five Star”)/MSLS(1)

 

31 (7,476

)

614,598

 

600,229

 

61,274

 

12/31/17

 

Five Star

 

54 (4,952

)

141,383

 

111,204

 

6,987

 

12/31/18

 

Five Star(2)

 

9 (747

)

63,814

 

63,469

 

1,149

 

12/31/19

 

HEALTHSOUTH

 

2 (364

)

43,553

 

40,637

 

8,718

 

12/31/11

 

Genesis Health Ventures, Inc. (“Genesis”)

 

1 (156

)

13,007

 

10,884

 

1,487

 

12/31/05

 

Integrated Health Services, Inc. (“Integrated”)

 

1 (140

)

15,598

 

8,244

 

1,200

 

12/31/10

 

Private companies (by location):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Huron & Sioux Falls, SD

 

3 (361

)

7,589

 

5,481

 

1,075

 

1/31/13

 

Fresno, CA

 

1 (180

)

3,503

 

2,532

 

934

 

9/30/15

 

Seattle, WA

 

1 (103

)

5,193

 

3,794

 

843

 

12/31/05

 

Grove City, OH

 

1 (200

)

3,445

 

2,704

 

388

 

6/30/19

 

St. Joseph, MO

 

1 (120

)

1,332

 

1,056

 

260

 

Month to month

 

 

 

119 (18,829

)

$

1,238,487

 

$

1,113,448

 

$

115,560

 

 

 

 


(1)           Lease commenced on January 11, 2002.

(2)           Lease commenced on October 25, 2002.

 

MSLS.  We lease 14 senior living communities with 4,030 living units to MSLS.  These leases were in effect throughout 2002.  MSLS is a 100% owned subsidiary of Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”) and Marriott has guaranteed all of MSLS’s lease obligations to us.  On December 30, 2002, Marriott announced that it has entered an agreement to sell MSLS to Sunrise Assisted Living, Inc. (“Sunrise”).  Based upon public announcements by Marriott and Sunrise it is unclear whether the MSLS lease obligations for our properties will be assumed by Sunrise or by another party.  However, in the absence of our agreement, it is not expected that Marriott’s guaranty obligations will be released.  Marriott is a New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) listed company whose principal business is developing and managing hotels and timeshare resorts.  At January 3, 2003, Marriott reported total assets of $8.3 billion and stockholders’ equity of $3.6 billion.  Marriott’s unsecured senior obligations are rated investment grade.

 

The following table presents summary financial information reported by Marriott in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the three fiscal years ended January 3, 2003.

 

2



 

Summary Financial Information of Marriott International, Inc.
(in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of or for the year ended

 

 

 

 

 

January 3,
2003

 

December 28,
2001

 

December 29,
2000

 

Sales

 

$

8,441

 

$

7,786

 

$

7,911

 

Net income

 

277

 

236

 

479

 

Total assets

 

8,296

 

9,107

 

8,237

 

Long-term and convertible debt

 

1,553

 

2,708

 

1,908

 

Shareholder's equity

 

3,573

 

3,478

 

3,267

 

 

Five Star.  We have three leases with Five Star:

 

                  We lease 31 senior living communities with 7,476 living units to Five Star.  This lease commenced on January 11, 2002.  These communities are managed by MSLS.  As discussed above, Marriott has announced that it intends to sell MSLS to Sunrise.  We and Five Star are currently involved in litigation with Marriott and MSLS concerning, among other matters, whether the MSLS management contracts may be terminated when and if this proposed sale is completed.  Depending upon the outcome of this litigation, Five Star may manage the operations of these communities rather than employ MSLS.  Marriott has not guaranteed the lease obligations to us for these communities.

 

•     We lease 54 nursing homes with 4,952 beds to Five Star.  Five Star operates these nursing homes for its own account.  These nursing homes were leased and operated by Five Star throughout 2002.

 

                  We lease nine independent and assisted living facilities with 747 living units to Five Star.  Five Star operates these facilities for its own account.  This lease commenced on October 25, 2002.

 

Five Star was formerly our 100% subsidiary.  We created Five Star in 2000 to operate nursing homes which we repossessed from former tenants who defaulted on their leases.  After these nursing home operations were reasonably stabilized, we distributed our ownership of Five Star to our shareholders on December 31, 2001.  Five Star is now a separate company listed on the American Stock Exchange.  At December 31, 2002, Five Star reported total assets of $133.2 million and stockholders’ equity of $65.0 million.

 

The following table presents summary financial information reported by Five Star in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the three fiscal years ended December 31, 2002.

 

Summary Financial Information of Five Star Quality Care, Inc.
(in thousands)

 

 

 

As of or for the year ended

 

 

 

 

December 31,
2002

 

December 31,
2001(1)

 

Period from April 27, 2000 through December 31,
2000(1)

 

Total revenues

 

$

522,511

 

$

221,269

 

$

2,222

 

Net (loss) income

 

(13,174

)

527

 

(1,316

)

Total assets

 

133,197

 

68,043

 

54,788

 

Total indebtedness

 

16,123

 

 

100

 

Total shareholder's equity

 

65,047

 

50,233

 

54,688

 

 

 


                (1)                                  During these periods, Five Star was our 100% owned subsidiary.

3



 

 

HEALTHSOUTH. Prior to 2002, we leased five nursing homes to HEALTHSOUTH.  During 2001, HEALTHSOUTH had committed a non-monetary default under this lease by closing one of our nursing homes.  On January 2, 2002, this default was settled by a property exchange.  We delivered to HEALTHSOUTH title to the five nursing homes which it leased from us.  In exchange, HEALTHSOUTH delivered to us title to two rehabilitation hospitals with 364 beds and HEALTHSOUTH leases these hospitals from us.  HEALTHSOUTH is a NYSE listed company whose principal businesses are in-hospital rehabilitation services, outpatient rehabilitation services and outpatient surgery services.  On March 19, 2003, the SEC filed a complaint against HEALTHSOUTH, alleging that HEALTHSOUTH and certain of its officers committed fraud and violated several SEC regulations by overstating their historical earnings and assets.  Through the date of this report, HEALTHSOUTH is current in its payment obligations to us, but, at this time, we do not have sufficient information about the SEC allegations against HEALTHSOUTH to know what impact they may have on our lease.

 

GenesisWe lease one nursing home with 156 beds to a subsidiary of Genesis.  Genesis is a large, publicly owned, nursing home company.  On February 12, 2003, Genesis announced that it intends to spin off its nursing home division into a separate public company.  As of March 14, 2003, we did not have sufficient information about this planned Genesis spin off to know what impact it may have on our lease.

 

Integrated.  We lease one nursing home with 140 beds to Integrated.  Integrated is a large, publicly owned, nursing home and home health services company.  Integrated filed for bankruptcy in 2000, but the lease for this property was amended pursuant to an agreement of the parties and our lease payments have remained current since then.  Integrated is in the process of selling its nursing home operations, including our leasehold.  Because of the developing process in the bankruptcy court, as of March 14, 2003, it was unclear who the buyer of our leasehold and the guarantor may be.

 

In addition to the tenants described above, we currently lease seven properties with an aggregate of 964 units to five separate privately owned tenants.  Four of these leases are currently being paid according to their contractual terms.  One lease for a facility in St. Joseph, Missouri, which was not current in its rent obligations to us, has been terminated and the tenant was evicted.  We have engaged Five Star to manage this property for our account until a new lease for this property is entered or until this property is sold.

 

Additional information concerning our acquisitions during 2002 and other recent developments appears in Item 7 of this Annual Report.

 

Lease Terms

 

                Our leases are so called “triple net” leases which require the tenants to maintain our properties during the lease terms and to indemnify us generally for liability which may arise by reason of our ownership of the properties.  Lease terms generally include the requirements for our tenants to maintain the leased properties, at their expense, in good order and repair, to remove and dispose of hazardous substances in compliance with applicable law, to maintain comprehensive insurance policies and to indemnify us generally for any liability which arises from our ownership or their use of our properties.  Generally, in the event of partial damage, condemnation or taking, our tenant is required to rebuild with insurance or other proceeds, if any.  Generally, in the case of total destruction, condemnation or taking, we receive all insurance or other proceeds and the tenant is required to pay any difference in the amount of proceeds and the historical investment by us in the affected property. In the event of material destruction or condemnation, some tenants have a right to purchase the affected property for amounts at least equal to our historical investment in the property.

 

4



 

Events of Default.  Events of default generally include:

 

                  the failure of the tenant to pay rent or any other sum when due;

 

                  the failure of the tenant to perform terms, covenants or conditions of its lease and the continuance thereof for a specified period after written notice;

 

                  the occurrence of events of insolvency with respect to the tenant;

 

                  the failure of the tenant to maintain required insurance coverages; or

 

                  the revocation of any material license necessary for the tenant’s operation of our property.

 

Default Remedies.  Upon the occurrence of any event of default, we may (subject to applicable law):

 

                  terminate the affected lease and accelerate the rent;

 

                  terminate the tenant’s rights to occupy and use the affected property, rent the property and recover from the tenant the difference between the amount of rent which would have been due under the lease and the rent received under the reletting;

 

                  make any payment or perform any act required to be performed by the tenant under its lease;

 

                  exercise our rights with respect to any collateral securing the lease; and

 

                  require the defaulting tenant to reimburse us for all payments made and all costs and expenses incurred in connection with any exercise of the foregoing remedies.

 

Investment Policies.

 

Acquisitions.  Our present investment goals are to acquire additional senior apartments, independent living properties, assisted living facilities and nursing homes, primarily for income and secondarily for their appreciation potential. In implementing our acquisition strategy, we consider a range of factors relating to the proposed property purchase including:

 

                  historical and projected cash flows;

 

                  the competitive market environment of the property;

 

                  the availability and reputation of a financially qualified lessee;

 

                  the design, physical condition and age of the property;

 

                  the estimated replacement cost and proposed acquisition price of the property;

 

                  the price segment and payment sources in which the property is operated;

 

                  the level of permitted services and regulatory history of the property and its historical operators; and

 

                  proposed lease terms.

 

5



 

We intend to acquire properties which will enhance the diversity of our portfolio with respect to tenants, types of services provided and locations.  However, we have no policies which specifically limit the percentage of our assets which may be invested in any individual property, in any one type of property, in properties leased to any one tenant or in properties leased to an affiliated group of tenants.

 

Form of Investments.  We prefer wholly-owned investments in fee interests. However, circumstances may arise in which we may invest in leaseholds, joint ventures, mortgages and other real estate interests.  We may invest in real estate joint ventures if we conclude that by doing so we may benefit from the participation of co-ventures or that our opportunity to participate in the investment is contingent on the use of a joint venture structure.  We may invest in participating, convertible or other types of mortgages if we conclude that by doing so, we may benefit from the cash flow or appreciation in the value of a property which is not available for purchase or otherwise.

 

Mergers and Strategic Combinations.

 

In the past, we have considered the possibility of entering mergers or strategic combinations with other companies.  No such mergers or strategic combinations are under active consideration at this time.  However, we may undertake such considerations in the future.  A principal goal of any such transaction will be to expand our investments and diversify our revenue sources.

 

Disposition Policies.

 

From time to time we consider the sale of one or more properties or investments.  Disposition decisions are made based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the following:

 

                  our tenant’s desire to cease operation of the affected property;

 

                  the proposed sale price;

 

                  the strategic fit of the property or investment with the rest of our portfolio; and

 

                  the existence of alternative sources, uses or needs for capital.

 

During 2002, we sold one nursing home which was formerly leased to Five Star.  As a result of this sale, Five Star’s rent for the combination of leased properties which included this property was reduced by a percentage of the net proceeds of sale which we realized.

 

Financing Policies.

 

We currently intend to employ conservative financing policies in pursuit of our growth strategies. Although there are no limitations in our organizational documents on the amount of indebtedness we may incur, our $250.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility and our senior note indenture and its supplements contain financial covenants which, among other things, restrict our ability to incur indebtedness and require us to maintain financial ratios and minimum net worth. We currently intend to pursue our growth strategies while maintaining debt not in excess of 50% of our total capitalization.  We may from time to time re-evaluate and modify our financing policies in light of then current economic conditions, relative availability and costs of debt and equity capital, market values of properties, growth and acquisition opportunities and other factors and may increase or decrease our ratio of debt to total capitalization accordingly.

 

Our board of trustees may determine to obtain a replacement for our current credit facilities or to seek additional capital through equity offerings, debt financings, or retention of cash flows in excess of distributions to shareholders, or a combination of these methods.  To the extent that the board of trustees decides to obtain additional debt financing, we may do so on an unsecured basis (or a secured basis, subject to limitations present in existing financing or other arrangements) and may seek to obtain other lines of credit or to issue securities senior to our common shares, including preferred shares of beneficial interest and debt securities, either of which may be convertible into common shares or be accompanied by warrants to purchase common shares, or to engage in transactions which may involve a sale or other conveyance of properties to subsidiaries or to unaffiliated entities.  We may finance acquisitions through an exchange of properties or through the issuance of additional common shares or other securities.  The proceeds from any of our financings may be used to pay distributions, to provide working capital, to refinance existing indebtedness or to finance acquisitions and expansions of existing or new properties.

 

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Investment Manager.

 

Our day to day operations are conducted by Reit Management & Research LLC (“RMR”), our investment manager.  RMR originates and presents investment opportunities to our board of trustees.  RMR is a Delaware limited liability company beneficially owned by Barry M. Portnoy and Gerard M. Martin, who are our managing trustees.  RMR has a principal place of business at 400 Centre Street, Newton Massachusetts, 02458, and its telephone number is (617) 928-1300.  RMR acts as the investment manager to HRPT, a NYSE listed real estate company which owns office buildings and is the holder of 12,809,238 of our common shares and to Hospitality Properties Trust (“HPT”), a NYSE listed real estate company that owns hotels, and has other business interests.  In addition, RMR has an agreement to provide certain services to Five Star for a fee.  The directors of RMR are Gerard M. Martin, Barry M. Portnoy and David J. Hegarty.  The executive officers of RMR are David J. Hegarty, President and Secretary; John G. Murray, Executive Vice President; Evrett W. Benton, Vice President; Ethan S. Bornstein, Vice President; Jennifer B. Clark, Vice President; John R. Hoadley, Vice President; Mark L. Kleifges, Vice President; David M. Lepore, Vice President; Bruce J. Mackey Jr., Vice President; John A. Mannix, Vice President; Thomas M. O’Brien, Vice President; and John C. Popeo, Vice President and Treasurer.  Messrs. Hegarty and Hoadley are also our officers.

 

Employees.

 

We have no employees.  Services which would otherwise be provided by employees are provided by RMR and by our managing trustees and officers.  As of March 14, 2003, RMR had approximately 280 full-time employees.

 

Government Regulation and Reimbursement.

 

Our tenants’ operations of our properties must comply with numerous federal, state and local statutes and regulations.  Also, the healthcare industry depends significantly upon federal and federal/state programs for revenues and, as a result, is vulnerable to the budgetary policies of both the federal and state governments.

 

Senior Apartments.  Generally, government programs do not pay for housing in senior apartments. Rents are paid from the residents’ private resources. Accordingly, the government regulations that apply to these types of properties are generally limited to zoning, building and fire codes, Americans with Disabilities Act requirements and other life safety type regulations applicable to residential real estate. Government rent subsidies and government assisted development financing for low income senior housing are exceptions to these general statements. The development and operation of subsidized senior housing properties are subject to numerous governmental regulations. While it is possible that we may lease some subsidized senior apartment facilities, we do not expect these facilities to be a major part of our future business and we do not now own senior apartments where rent subsidies are applicable.

 

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Independent Living Apartments. Government benefits generally are not available for services at independent living apartments and the resident charges in these facilities are paid from private resources. However, a number of Federal Supplemental Security Income program benefits pay housing costs for elderly or disabled residents to live in these types of residential facilities. The Social Security Act requires states to certify that they will establish and enforce standards for any category of group living arrangement in which a significant number of supplemental security income residents reside or are likely to reside. Categories of living arrangements that may be subject to these state standards include independent living apartments and assisted living facilities. Because independent living apartments usually offer common dining facilities, in many locations they are required to obtain licenses applicable to food service establishments in addition to complying with land use and life safety requirements. In many states, independent living apartments are licensed by state or county health departments, social service agencies, or offices on aging with jurisdiction over group residential facilities for seniors. To the extent that independent living apartments include units in which assisted living or nursing services are provided, these units are subject to applicable state licensing regulations, and if the facilities receive Medicaid or Medicare funds, to certification standards. In some states, insurance or consumer protection agencies regulate independent living apartments in which residents pay entrance fees or prepay other costs.

 

Assisted Living. According to the National Academy for State Health Policy, approximately 41 states provide or are approved to provide Medicaid payments for residents in some assisted living facilities under waivers granted by the Federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, known as CMS, or under Medicaid state plans, and four other states are planning some Medicaid funding by preparing or requesting waivers to fund assisted living or demonstration projects. Because rates paid to assisted living facility operators are lower than rates paid to nursing home operators, some states use Medicaid funding of assisted living as a means of lowering the cost of services for residents who may not need the higher intensity of health--related services provided in nursing homes. States that administer Medicaid programs for assisted living facilities are responsible for monitoring the services at, and physical conditions of, the participating facilities. Different states apply different standards in these matters, but generally we believe these monitoring processes are similar to the inspection processes mandated by these states for nursing homes.

 

In light of the large number of states using Medicaid to purchase services at assisted living facilities and the growth of assisted living in the 1990s, a majority of states have adopted licensing standards applicable to assisted living facilities. According to the National Academy for State Health Policy, 32 states and the District of Columbia have licensing statutes or standards specifically using the term “assisted living”.  Thirty-six states have requirements for facilities servicing people with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia.  The majority of states have revised their licensing regulations recently or are reviewing their policies or drafting or revising their regulations. State regulatory models vary; there is no national consensus on a definition of assisted living, and no uniform approach by the states to regulating assisted living facilities. Most state licensing standards apply to assisted living facilities whether or not they accept Medicaid funding. Also, according to the National Academy for State Health Policy, six states require certificates of need from state health planning authorities before new assisted living facilities or programs may be developed. Based on our analysis of current economic and regulatory trends, we believe that assisted living facilities that become dependent upon Medicaid payments for a majority of their revenues may decline in value because Medicaid rates may fail to keep up with increasing costs. We also believe that assisted living facilities located in states that adopt certificate of need requirements or otherwise restrict the development of new assisted living facilities may increase in value because these limitations upon development may help ensure higher occupancy and higher non-governmental rates.

 

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Two federal government studies provide background information and make recommendations regarding the regulation of, and the possibility of increased governmental funding for, the assisted living industry. The first study, an April 1999 report by the General Accounting Office to the Senate Special Committee on Aging, on assisted living facilities in four states, found a variety of residential settings serving a wide range of resident health and care needs. The General Accounting Office found that consumers often receive insufficient information to determine whether a particular facility can meet their needs and that state licensing and oversight approaches vary widely. The General Accounting Office anticipates that as the states increase the use of Medicaid to pay for assisted living, federal financing will likewise grow, and these trends will focus more public attention on the place of assisted living in the continuum of long-term care and upon state standards and compliance approaches. The second study, a National Study of Assisted Living for the Frail Elderly, was funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation and reported on the effects of different service and privacy arrangements on resident satisfaction, aging in place and affordability.  In 2001 and 2002, the Senate Special Committee on Aging held hearings on assisted living and its role in the continuum of care and on home and community-based alternatives to nursing homes. We cannot predict whether these studies will result in governmental policy changes or new legislation, or what impact any changes may have.  Based upon our analysis of current economic and regulatory trends, we do not believe that the federal government is likely to have a material impact upon the current regulatory environment in which the assisted living industry operates unless it also undertakes expanded funding obligations, and we do not believe a materially increased financial commitment from the federal government is presently likely. However, we do anticipate that assisted living facilities will increasingly be licensed and regulated by the various states, and that in the absence of federal standards, the states’ policies will continue to vary widely.

 

Nursing homes.

 

Reimbursement. About 59% of all nursing home revenues in the U.S. in 2001 came from government Medicare and Medicaid programs, including about 48% from Medicaid programs. Nursing homes are among the most highly regulated businesses in the country. The federal and state governments regularly monitor the quality of care provided at nursing homes. State health departments conduct surveys of resident care and inspect the physical condition of nursing home properties. These periodic inspections and occasional changes in life safety and physical plant requirements sometimes require nursing home operators to make significant capital improvements. These mandated capital improvements have in the past usually resulted in Medicare and Medicaid rate adjustments, albeit on the basis of amortization of expenditures over expected useful lives of the improvements. A new Medicare prospective payment system, often referred to as PPS, was phased in over three years beginning with cost reporting years starting on or after July 1, 1998. Under this new Medicare payment system, capital costs are part of the prospective rate and are not facility specific. This new Medicare payment system and other recent legislative and regulatory actions with respect to state Medicaid rates are limiting the reimbursement levels for some nursing home and other eldercare services.  At the same time federal and state enforcement and oversight of nursing homes are increasing, making licensing and certification of these facilities more rigorous. These actions have adversely affected the revenues and increased the expenses of many nursing home operators, including our tenants.

 

The new Medicare payment system was established by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, and was intended to reduce the rate of growth in Medicare payments for skilled nursing facilities. Before the new Medicare payment system, Medicare rates were facility-specific and cost-based. Under the new Medicare payment system, facilities receive a fixed payment for each day of care provided to residents who are Medicare beneficiaries. Each resident is assigned to one of 44 care groups depending on that resident’s medical characteristics and service needs. Per diem payment rates are based on these care groups. Medicare payments cover substantially all services provided to Medicare residents in skilled nursing facilities, including ancillary services such as rehabilitation therapies. The new Medicare payment system is intended to provide incentives to providers to furnish only necessary services and to deliver those services efficiently. During the three year phase-in period, Medicare rates for skilled nursing facilities were based on a blend of facility specific costs and rates established by the new Medicare payment system.  According to the General Accounting Office, between fiscal year 1998 and fiscal year 1999, the first full year of the new Medicare payment system phase-in, the average Medicare payment per day declined by about nine percent.

 

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Since November 1999, Congress has provided some relief from the impact of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Effective April 1, 2000, the Medicare, Medicaid and SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 temporarily boosted payments for certain skilled nursing cases by 20 percent and allowed nursing facilities to transition more rapidly to the federal payment system. This Act also increased the new Medicare payment rates by 4% for fiscal years 2001 and 2002 and imposed a two-year moratorium on some therapy limitations for skilled nursing patients covered under Medicare Part B.  In December 2000, the Medicare, Medicaid and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 was approved. Effective April 1, 2001, to October 1, 2002, this Act increased the nursing component of the payment rate for each care group by 16.66%. This Act also increased annual inflation adjustments for fiscal year 2001, increased rehabilitation care group rates by 6.7%, and maintained the previously temporary 20% increase in the other care group rates established in 1999.  However, as of October 1, 2002, the 4% across-the-board increase in Medicare payment rates and the 16.66% increase in the nursing component of the rates each expired. The 20% increase for the skilled nursing care groups and the 6.7% increase in rehabilitation care group rates will expire when the current resource utilization groups are refined.

 

Because of the current federal budget deficit and other federal government priorities, such as homeland security and the war on terrorism, we do not expect the federal government to restore the Medicare rate increases which expired on October 1, 2002.  Similarly, because of budget deficits in several states, we expect Medicaid rate increases will be less than cost increases experienced by some of our tenants in 2003 and in some instances Medicaid rates may decline.  This combination of events may make it increasingly difficult for some of our tenants to pay our rent.

 

Survey And Enforcement. CMS has begun to implement an initiative to increase the effectiveness of Medicare and Medicaid nursing facility survey and enforcement activities. CMS’ initiative follows a July 1998 General Accounting Office investigation which found inadequate care in a significant proportion of California nursing homes and the CMS’ July 1998 report to Congress on the effectiveness of the survey and enforcement system. In 1999, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General issued several reports concerning quality of care in nursing homes, and the General Accounting Office issued reports in 1999 and 2000 which recommended that CMS and the states strengthen their compliance and enforcement practices to better ensure that nursing homes provide adequate care. Since 1998, the Senate Special Committee on Aging has been holding hearings on these issues. CMS is taking steps to focus more survey and enforcement efforts on nursing homes with findings of substandard care or repeat violations of Medicare and Medicaid standards and to identify chain operated facilities with patterns of noncompliance. CMS is increasing its oversight of state survey agencies and requiring state agencies to use enforcement sanctions and remedies more promptly when substandard care or repeat violations are identified, to investigate complaints more promptly, and to survey facilities more consistently. In addition, CMS has adopted regulations expanding federal and state authority to impose civil money penalties in instances of noncompliance. Medicare survey results and nursing staff hours per resident for each nursing home are posted on the internet at www.medicare.gov.  When deficiencies under state licensing and Medicare and Medicaid standards are identified, sanctions and remedies such as denials of payment for new Medicare and Medicaid admissions, civil monetary penalties, state oversight and loss of Medicare and Medicaid participation or licensure may be imposed.  Our tenants and their managers receive notices of potential sanctions and remedies from time to time, and such sanctions have been imposed from time to time on facilities operated by them.  If they are unable to cure deficiencies which have been identified or which are identified in the future, such sanctions may be imposed, and if imposed, may adversely affect our tenants’ abilities to pay their rents.

 

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In 2000 and 2002 CMS issued reports on its study linking nursing staffing levels with quality of care, and CMS is assessing the impact that minimum staffing requirements would have on facility costs and operations. In a report presented to Congress in 2002, the Department of Health and Human Services found that 90% of nursing homes lack the nurse and nurse aide staffing necessary to provide adequate care to residents. The Bush administration has indicated that it does not intend to impose minimum staffing levels or to increase Medicare or Medicaid rates to cover the costs of increased staff at this time, but CMS is now publishing the nurse staffing level at each nursing home on its internet site to increase market pressures on nursing home operators.

 

Federal efforts to target fraud and abuse and violations of anti-kickback laws and physician referral laws by Medicare and Medicaid providers have also increased. In March 2000, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General issued compliance guidelines for nursing facilities, to assist them in developing voluntary compliance programs to prevent fraud and abuse. Also, new rules governing the privacy, use and disclosure of individually identified health information became final in 2001 and will require compliance in 2003, with civil and criminal sanctions for noncompliance. An adverse determination concerning any of our tenants’ licenses or eligibility for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursement or the costs of required compliance with applicable federal or state regulations could negatively affect some of our tenants’ abilities to pay our rent.

 

Certificates Of Need. Most states also limit the number of nursing homes by requiring developers to obtain certificates of need before new facilities may be built. Even states such as California and Texas that have eliminated certificate of need laws often have retained other means of limiting new nursing home development, such as the use of moratoria, licensing laws or limitations upon participation in the state Medicaid program. We believe that these governmental limitations generally make nursing homes more valuable by limiting competition.

 

Other Matters.  A number of legislative proposals that would affect major reforms of the healthcare system have been introduced in Congress, such as programs for national health insurance, additional Medicare and Medicaid reforms and federal and state cost containment measures. We cannot predict whether any of these legislative proposals will be adopted or, if adopted, what effect, if any, these proposals would have on our business.

 

Competition.

 

We compete with other real estate investment trusts.  We also compete with banks, non-bank finance companies, leasing companies and insurance companies which invest in real estate.  Some of these competitors have resources that are greater than ours and have lower costs of capital.

 

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Environmental Matters.

 

Under various laws, owners of real estate may be required to investigate and clean up hazardous substances present at a property, and may be held liable for property damage or personal injuries that result from such contamination.  These laws also expose us to the possibility that we become liable to reimburse the government for damages and costs it incurs in connection with the contamination. We reviewed environmental surveys of the facilities we own prior to their purchase. Based upon those surveys we do not believe that any of our properties are subject to material environmental contamination. However, no assurances can be given that environmental liabilities are not present in our properties or that costs we incur to remediate contamination will not have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition.

 

Segment Information.

 

For financial information about our segments see Note 10 to the accompanying financial statements.

 

Internet Website.

 

Our internet address is www.snhreit.com.  We make available, free of charge, through the "SEC Filings" tab under the "Financials" section of our internet website, our annual report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after such forms are electronically filed with the SEC.

 

FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following summary of federal income tax considerations is based on existing law, and is limited to investors who own our shares as investment assets rather than as inventory or as property used in a trade or business.  The summary does not discuss the particular tax consequences that might be relevant to you if you are subject to special rules under federal income tax law, for example if you are:

 

                  a bank, life insurance company, regulated investment company, or other financial institution;

 

                  a broker or dealer in securities or foreign currency;

 

                  a person who has a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar;

 

                  a person who acquires our shares in connection with employment or other performance of services;

 

                  a person subject to alternative minimum tax;

 

                  a person who owns our shares as part of a straddle, hedging transaction, constructive sale transaction, constructive ownership transaction, or conversion transaction; or

 

                  except as specifically described in the following summary, a tax-exempt entity or a foreign person.

 

The Internal Revenue Code sections that govern federal income tax qualification and treatment of a REIT and its shareholders are complex.  This presentation is a summary of applicable Internal Revenue Code provisions, related rules and regulations and administrative and judicial interpretations, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect.  Future legislative, judicial, or administrative actions or decisions could affect the accuracy of statements made in this summary.  For example, President Bush has recently proposed eliminating federal tax on dividends to the extent the dividends are derived from previously taxed income.  Federal income taxation of REIT dividends would not change under this proposal because REITs generally do not pay federal income tax on their net income.  As a result of the general exemption from federal income tax, under existing law REITs may enjoy a relative value advantage over dividend-paying corporations that are not REITs.  If legislation is enacted which eliminates or reduces federal tax on corporate dividends but not REIT dividends, the market price of our shares may decline.  We have not received a ruling from the IRS with respect to any matter described in this summary, and we cannot assure you that the IRS or a court will agree with the statements made in this summary.  In addition, this summary is not exhaustive of all possible tax consequences, and does not discuss any estate, gift, state, local, or foreign tax consequences.  For all these reasons, we urge you and any prospective acquiror of our shares to consult with a tax advisor about the federal income tax and other tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our shares.  Our intentions and beliefs described in this summary are based upon our understanding of applicable laws and regulations which are in effect as of the date of this Form 10-K.  If new laws or regulations are enacted which impact us directly or indirectly, we may change our intentions or beliefs.

 

 

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Your federal income tax consequences may differ depending on whether or not you are a “U.S. shareholder.”  For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. shareholder” for federal income tax purposes is:

 

                  a citizen or resident of the United States, including an alien individual who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States or meets the substantial presence residency test under the federal income tax laws;

 

                  an entity treated as a corporation or partnership for federal income tax purposes, that is created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, unless otherwise provided by Treasury regulations;

 

                  an estate the income of which is subject to federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

                  a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or electing trusts in existence on August 20, 1996, to the extent provided in Treasury regulations;

 

whose status as a U.S. shareholder is not overridden by an applicable tax treaty.  Conversely, a “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of our shares who is not a U.S. shareholder.

 

Taxation as a REIT

 

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 1999.  Our REIT election, assuming continuing compliance with the qualification tests summarized below, continues in effect for subsequent taxable years.  Although no assurance can be given, we believe that we are organized, have operated, and will continue to operate in a manner that qualifies us to be taxed under the Internal Revenue Code as a REIT.

 

As a REIT, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on our net income distributed as dividends to our shareholders.  Distributions to our shareholders generally are included in their income as dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits.  A portion of these dividends may be treated as capital gain dividends, as explained below.  No portion of any dividends are eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.  Distributions in excess of current or accumulated earnings and profits generally are treated for federal income tax purposes as return of capital to the extent of a recipient shareholder’s basis in our shares, and will reduce this basis.  Our current or accumulated earnings and profits are generally allocated first to distributions made on our preferred shares, if any, and thereafter to distributions made on our common shares.

 

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Our counsel, Sullivan & Worcester LLP, has opined that we have been organized and have qualified as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code for our 1999 through 2002 taxable years, and that our current investments and plan of operation enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code.  Our qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend upon our compliance with various qualification tests imposed under the Internal Revenue Code and summarized below.  While we believe that we will satisfy these tests, our counsel has not reviewed and will not review compliance with these tests on a continuing basis.  If we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will be subject to federal income taxation as if we were a C corporation and our shareholders will be taxed like shareholders of C corporations.  In this event, we could be subject to significant tax liabilities, and the amount of cash available for distribution to our shareholders may be reduced or eliminated.

 

If we qualify as a REIT and meet the tests described below, we generally will not pay federal income tax on amounts we distribute to our shareholders.  However, even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to federal tax in the following circumstances:

 

                  We will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any undistributed “real estate investment trust taxable income,” including our undistributed net capital gains.

 

                  If our alternative minimum taxable income exceeds our taxable income, we may be subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax on our items of tax preference.

 

                  If we have net income from the disposition of “foreclosure property” that is held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or other nonqualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be subject to tax on this income at the highest regular corporate rate, currently 35%.

 

                  If we have net income from prohibited transactions, including dispositions of inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business other than foreclosure property, we will be subject to tax on this income at a 100% rate.

 

                  If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test discussed below, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT, we will be subject to tax at a 100% rate on the greater of the amount by which we fail the 75% or the 95% test, with adjustments, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.

 

                  If we fail to distribute for any calendar year at least the sum of 85% of our REIT ordinary income for that year, 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for that year, and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the amounts actually distributed.

 

                  If we acquire an asset from a corporation in a transaction in which our basis in the asset is determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of a present or former C corporation, and if we subsequently recognize gain on the disposition of this asset during the ten year period beginning on the date on which the asset ceased to be owned by the C corporation, then we will pay tax at the highest regular corporate tax rate, which is currently 35%, on the lesser of the excess of the fair market value of the asset over the C corporation’s basis in the asset on the date the asset ceased to be owned by the C corporation, or the gain recognized in the disposition.

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                  If we acquire a corporation, to preserve our status as a REIT we must generally distribute all of the C corporation earnings and profits inherited in that acquisition, if any, not later than the end of the taxable year of the acquisition.  However, if we fail to do so, relief provisions would allow us to maintain our status as a REIT provided we distribute any subsequently discovered C corporation earnings and profits and pay an interest charge in respect of the period of delayed distribution.  As discussed below, we acquired several C corporations on January 11, 2002, as part of our acquisition of 31 senior living facilities.  Some of these C corporations had operated for several years as subsidiaries of different parent companies.  Our investigation of these C corporations indicated that they did not have undistributed earnings and profits.  However, upon review or audit, the IRS may disagree with our conclusion.

 

                  As summarized below, REITs are permitted within limits to own stock and securities of a “taxable REIT subsidiary.”  A taxable REIT subsidiary is separately taxed on its net income as a C corporation, and is subject to limitations on the deductibility of interest expense paid to its REIT parent.  In addition, its REIT parent is subject to a 100% tax on the difference between amounts charged and redetermined rents and deductions, including excess interest.

 

If we invest in properties in foreign countries, our profits from those investments will generally be subject to tax in those countries.  If we continue to operate as we currently do, then we will distribute our taxable income to our shareholders and we will generally not pay federal income tax.  As a result, the cost of foreign taxes imposed on our foreign investments cannot be recovered by claiming foreign tax credits against our federal income tax liability.  Also, we cannot pass through to our shareholders any foreign tax credits.

 

If we fail to qualify or elect not to qualify as a REIT, we will be subject to federal income tax in the same manner as a C corporation.  Distributions to our shareholders if we do not qualify as a REIT will not be deductible by us nor will distributions be required under the Internal Revenue Code.  In that event, distributions to our shareholders will generally be taxable as ordinary dividends and, subject to limitations in the Internal Revenue Code, will be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.  Also, we will generally be disqualified from qualification as a REIT for the four taxable years following disqualification.  If we do not qualify as a REIT for even one year, this could result in reduction or elimination of distributions to our shareholders, or in our incurring substantial indebtedness or liquidating substantial investments in order to pay the resulting corporate-level taxes.

 

REIT Qualification Requirements

 

General Requirements.  Section 856(a) of the Internal Revenue Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

 

(1)                                  that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;

 

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(2)                                  the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest;

 

(3)                                  that would be taxable, but for Sections 856 through 859 of the Internal Revenue Code, as a C corporation;

 

(4)                                  that is not a financial institution or an insurance company subject to special provisions of the Internal Revenue Code;

 

(5)                                  the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons;

 

(6)                                  that is not “closely held” as defined under the personal holding company stock ownership test, as described below; and

 

(7)                                  that meets other tests regarding income, assets and distributions, all as described below.

 

Section 856(b) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that conditions (1) through (4) must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a pro rata part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. Section 856(h)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that neither condition (5) nor (6) need be met for our first taxable year as a REIT.  We believe that we have met conditions (1) through (7) during each of the requisite periods ending on or before December 31, 2002, and that we can continue to meet these conditions in future taxable years.  There can, however, be no assurance in this regard.

 

By reason of condition (6), we will fail to qualify as a REIT for a taxable year if at any time during the last half of a year more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares is owned directly or indirectly by five or fewer individuals. To help comply with condition (6), our declaration of trust restricts transfers of our shares.  In addition, if we comply with applicable Treasury regulations to ascertain the ownership of our shares and do not know, or by exercising reasonable diligence would not have known, that we failed condition (6), then we will be treated as having met condition (6).  However, our failure to comply with these regulations for ascertaining ownership may result in a penalty of $25,000, or $50,000 for intentional violations.  Accordingly, we intend to comply with these regulations, and to request annually from record holders of significant percentages of our shares information regarding the ownership of our shares.  Under our declaration of trust, our shareholders are required to respond to these requests for information.

 

For purposes of condition (6), REIT shares held by a pension trust are treated as held directly by the pension trust’s beneficiaries in proportion to their actuarial interests in the pension trust.  Consequently, five or fewer pension trusts could own more than 50% of the interests in an entity without jeopardizing that entity’s federal income tax qualification as a REIT.  However, as discussed below, if a REIT is a “pension-held REIT,” each pension trust owning more than 10% of the REIT’s shares by value generally may be taxed on a portion of the dividends it receives from the REIT.

 

Our Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries and Our Investments through Partnerships.  Except in respect of taxable REIT subsidiaries as discussed below, Section 856(i) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that any corporation, 100% of whose stock is held by a REIT, is a qualified REIT subsidiary and shall not be treated as a separate corporation.  The assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of a qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as the REIT’s.  We believe that each of our direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries, other than the taxable REIT subsidiaries discussed below, will either be a qualified REIT subsidiary within the meaning of Section 856(i) of the Internal Revenue Code, or a noncorporate entity that for federal income tax purposes is not treated as separate from its owner under regulations issued under Section 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code.  Thus, except for the taxable REIT subsidiaries discussed below, in applying all the federal income tax REIT qualification requirements described in this summary, all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of our direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries are treated as ours.

 

 

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We may invest in real estate through one or more limited or general partnerships or limited liability companies that are treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes.  In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership, regulations under the Internal Revenue Code provide that, for purposes of the REIT qualification requirements regarding income and assets discussed below, the REIT is deemed to own its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership corresponding to the REIT’s proportionate capital interest in the partnership and is deemed to be entitled to the income of the partnership attributable to this proportionate share.  In addition, for these purposes, the character of the assets and gross income of the partnership generally retain the same character in the hands of the REIT.  Accordingly, our proportionate share of the assets, liabilities, and items of income of each partnership in which we are a partner is treated as ours for purposes of the income tests and asset tests discussed below.  In contrast, for purposes of the distribution requirement discussed below, we must take into account as a partner our share of the partnership’s income as determined under the general federal income tax rules governing partners and partnerships under Sections 701 through 777 of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

Taxable REIT Subsidiaries.  We are permitted to own any or all of the securities of a “taxable REIT subsidiary” as defined in Section 856(l) of the Internal Revenue Code, provided that no more than 20% of our assets, at the close of each quarter, is comprised of our investments in the stock or securities of our taxable REIT subsidiaries.  Among other requirements, a taxable REIT subsidiary must:

 

(1) be a non-REIT corporation for federal income tax purposes in which we directly or indirectly own shares;

 

(2) join with us in making a taxable REIT subsidiary election;

 

(3) not directly or indirectly operate or manage a lodging facility or a health care facility; and

 

(4) not directly or indirectly provide to any person, under a franchise, license, or otherwise, rights to any brand name under which any lodging facility or health care facility is operated, except that in limited circumstances a subfranchise, sublicense or similar right can be granted to an independent contractor to operate or manage a lodging facility.

 

In addition, a corporation other than a REIT in which a taxable REIT subsidiary directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value will automatically be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary.  Subject to the discussion below, we believe that we and each of our taxable REIT subsidiaries have complied with, and will continue to comply with, the requirements for taxable REIT subsidiary status during all times each subsidiary’s taxable REIT subsidiary election remains in effect, and we believe that the same will be true for any taxable REIT subsidiary that we later form or acquire.

 

Our ownership of stock and securities in taxable REIT subsidiaries is exempt from the 10% and 5% REIT asset tests discussed below.  Also, as discussed below, taxable REIT subsidiaries can perform services for our tenants without disqualifying the rents we receive from those tenants under the 75% or 95% gross income tests discussed below.  Moreover, because taxable REIT subsidiaries are taxed as C corporations that are separate from us, their assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit are not imputed to us for purposes of the REIT qualification requirements described in this summary.  Therefore, taxable REIT subsidiaries can generally undertake third-party management and development activities and activities not related to real estate.

 

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Restrictions are imposed on taxable REIT subsidiaries to ensure that they will be subject to an appropriate level of federal income taxation.  For example, a taxable REIT subsidiary may not deduct interest paid in any year to an affiliated REIT to the extent that the interest payments exceed, generally, 50% of the taxable REIT subsidiary’s adjusted taxable income for that year.  However, the taxable REIT subsidiary may carry forward the disallowed interest expense to a succeeding year, and deduct the interest in that later year subject to that year’s 50% adjusted taxable income limitation.  In addition, if a taxable REIT subsidiary pays interest, rent, or other amounts to its affiliated REIT in an amount that exceeds what an unrelated third party would have paid in an arm’s length transaction, then the REIT generally will be subject to an excise tax equal to 100% of the excessive portion of the payment.  Finally, if in comparison to an arm’s length transaction, a tenant has overpaid rent to the REIT in exchange for underpaying the taxable REIT subsidiary for services rendered, then the REIT may be subject to an excise tax equal to 100% of the overpayment.  There can be no assurance that arrangements involving our taxable REIT subsidiaries will not result in the imposition of one or more of these deduction limitations or excise taxes, but we do not believe that we are or will be subject to these impositions.

 

In our 2000 taxable year, we took title to several healthcare facilities, valued in the aggregate at less than $9 million, through corporate subsidiaries in which we owned 99% of the outstanding common stock, all of which was nonvoting, and in which individual shareholders owned 1% of the outstanding common stock, all of which was voting.  We could not take direct title to these particular facilities and operate them under the “foreclosure property” rules discussed below, because the facilities were not leased by or mortgaged to us at the time of our tenant-mortgagor’s default with respect to other facilities, nor could we lease these facilities on suitable terms because of market conditions at that time.  Accordingly, our 99% subsidiaries took title to these particular facilities and retained an independent contractor to operate and manage the facilities.  Although there can be no assurance in this regard, we believe that these 99% subsidiaries’ ownership and operational structure during our 2000 taxable year satisfied the then applicable REIT asset tests discussed below, because we did not own more than 10% of their voting securities.  As of January 1, 2001, we acquired 100% ownership of the formerly 99% owned corporate subsidiaries, and filed a taxable REIT subsidiary election with each of these subsidiaries effective January 1, 2001.  These elections were revoked early in taxable year 2002, in connection with the spin-off of Five Star and our diminished ownership of these subsidiaries.  We have received an opinion of counsel that, although the matter is not free from doubt, it is more likely than not that these subsidiaries were taxable REIT subsidiaries from January 1, 2001, until the revocation of the taxable REIT subsidiary elections.  We had submitted a private letter ruling request to the IRS to confirm that these subsidiaries complied with the requirement that prohibits the direct or indirect operation or management of a healthcare facility by a taxable REIT subsidiary, but withdrew this request before any IRS ruling was issued.  If it is determined that these subsidiaries were ineligible for taxable REIT subsidiary status, we believe that the subsidiaries would instead have been qualified REIT subsidiaries under Section 856(i) of the Internal Revenue Code because we owned 100% of them and they were not properly classified as taxable REIT subsidiaries.  As our qualified REIT subsidiaries, the gross income from the subsidiaries’ healthcare facilities would be treated as our own, and as a general matter would be nonqualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests discussed below.  However, we took steps to qualify for the 75% and 95% gross income tests under the relief provision described below.  Thus, even if the IRS or a court ultimately determines that these subsidiaries failed to qualify as our taxable REIT subsidiaries, and that this failure thereby implicated our compliance with the 75% and 95% gross income tests discussed below, we expect we would qualify for the gross income tests’ relief provision and thereby preserve our qualification as a REIT.  If this relief provision were to apply to us, we would be subject to tax at a 100% rate on the greater of the amount by which we failed the 75% or the 95% gross income test, with adjustments, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability for the taxable year; however, we would expect to owe little or no tax in these circumstances.

 

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Income Tests.  There are two gross income requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code:

 

                  At least 75% of our gross income, excluding gross income from sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale, must be derived from investments relating to real property, including “rents from real property” as defined under Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code, mortgages on real property, or shares in other REITs.  When we receive new capital in exchange for our shares or in a public offering of five-year or longer debt instruments, income attributable to the temporary investment of this new capital in stock or a debt instrument, if received or accrued within one year of our receipt of the new capital, is generally also qualifying income under the 75% test.

 

                  At least 95% of our gross income, excluding gross income from sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale, must be derived from a combination of items of real property income that satisfy the 75% test described above, dividends, interest, payments under interest rate swap or cap agreements, options, futures contracts, forward rate agreements, or similar financial instruments, and gains from the sale or disposition of stock, securities, or real property.

 

For purposes of these two requirements, income derived from a “shared appreciation provision” in a mortgage loan is generally treated as gain recognized on the sale of the property to which it relates.  Although we will use our best efforts to ensure that the income generated by our investments will be of a type which satisfies both the 75% and 95% gross income tests, there can be no assurance in this regard.

 

In order to qualify as “rents from real property” under Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code, several requirements must be met:

 

                  The amount of rent received generally must not be based on the income or profits of any person, but may be based on receipts or sales.

 

                  Rents do not qualify if the REIT owns 10% or more by vote or value of the tenant, whether directly or after application of attribution rules.  While we intend not to lease property to any party if rents from that property would not qualify as rents from real property, application of the 10% ownership rule is dependent upon complex attribution rules and circumstances that may be beyond our control.  For example, an unaffiliated third party’s ownership directly or by attribution of 10% or more by value of our shares, or 10% or more by value of HRPT’s shares for so long as HRPT owns 10% or more by value of us, as well as 10% or more by vote or value of the stock of one of our tenants, would result in that tenant’s rents not qualifying as rents from real property. Our declaration of trust restricts transfers or purported acquisitions, directly or by attribution, of our

 

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shares to the extent necessary to maintain our REIT status under the Internal Revenue Code.  Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that these provisions in our declaration of trust will be effective to prevent our REIT status from being jeopardized under the 10% affiliated tenant rule.  Furthermore, there can be no assurance that we will be able to monitor and enforce these restrictions, nor will our shareholders necessarily be aware of ownership of shares attributed to them under the Internal Revenue Code’s attribution rules.

 

                  For our 2001 taxable year and thereafter, there is a limited exception to the above prohibition on earning “rents from real property” from a 10% affiliated tenant, if the tenant is a taxable REIT subsidiary.  If at least 90% of the leased space of a property is leased to tenants other than taxable REIT subsidiaries and 10% affiliated tenants, and if the taxable REIT subsidiary’s rent for space at that property is substantially comparable to the rents paid by nonaffiliated tenants for comparable space at the property, then otherwise qualifying rents paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary to the REIT will not be disqualified on account of the rule prohibiting 10% affiliated tenants.

 

                  In order for rents to qualify, we generally must not manage the property or furnish or render services to the tenants of the property, except through an independent contractor from whom we derive no income or, for our 2001 taxable year and thereafter, through one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries.  There is an exception to this rule permitting a REIT to perform customary tenant services of the sort which a tax-exempt organization could perform without being considered in receipt of “unrelated business taxable income” as defined in Section 512(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.  In addition, a de minimis amount of noncustomary services will not disqualify income as “rents from real property” so long as the value of the impermissible services does not exceed 1% of the gross income from the property.

 

                  If rent attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property is 15% or less of the total rent received under the lease, then the rent attributable to personal property will qualify as “rents from real property” if this 15% threshold is exceeded, the rent attributable to personal property will not so qualify.  For our taxable years through December 31, 2000, the portion of rental income treated as attributable to personal property was determined according to the ratio of the tax basis of the personal property to the total tax basis of the real and personal property which is rented.  For our 2001 taxable year and thereafter, the ratio is determined by reference to fair market values rather than tax bases.

 

We believe that all or substantially all our rents have qualified and will qualify as rents from real property for purposes of Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

In order to qualify as mortgage interest on real property for purposes of the 75% test, interest must derive from a mortgage loan secured by real property with a fair market value, at the time the loan is made, at least equal to the amount of the loan.  If the amount of the loan exceeds the fair market value of the real property, the interest will be treated as interest on a mortgage loan in a ratio equal to the ratio of the fair market value of the real property to the total amount of the mortgage loan.

 

In our 2000 taxable year, we reduced to possession several healthcare facilities, including both the real property and the incidental personal property at these facilities, in each case after a default or imminent default on either a loan secured by the facility or a lease of the facility.  As of and subsequent to December 31, 2001, these facilities are leased to Five Star, and we believe the rents from these facilities qualify as “rents from real property”.  For periods before we began leasing these facilities to Five Star, gross operating income from the facilities would not have qualified under the 75% and 95% gross income tests in the absence of “foreclosure property” treatment under Section 856(e) of the Internal Revenue Code, and would likely have disqualified us from being a REIT.  As foreclosure property, however, gross operating income from our repossessed facilities qualified under the 75% and 95% gross income tests.  Further, any gain we recognized on the sale of foreclosure property, plus any income we received from foreclosure property that would not qualify under the 75% gross income test in the absence of foreclosure property treatment, reduced by our expenses directly connected with the production of those items of income, was subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate of 35%.

 

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We believe that we were eligible, pursuant to Section 856(e) of the Internal Revenue Code, to treat the facilities we repossessed in 2000 as “foreclosure property,” and we made a federal income tax election to that effect.  We do not believe that foreclosure property status for the repossessed facilities terminated at any point before our lease of these properties to Five Star began.  Accordingly, we believe that the gross operating income we received from these repossessed facilities during 2000 and 2001 qualified under the 75% and 95% gross income tests.

 

Other than sales of foreclosure property, any gain we realize on the sale of property held as inventory or other property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a penalty tax at a 100% rate.  This prohibited transaction income also may adversely affect our ability to satisfy the 75% and 95% gross income tests for federal income tax qualification as a REIT.  We cannot provide assurances as to whether or not the IRS might successfully assert that one or more of our dispositions is subject to the 100% penalty tax.  However, we believe that dispositions of assets that we have made or that we might make in the future will not be subject to the 100% penalty tax, because we intend to:

 

                  own our assets for investment with a view to long-term income production and capital appreciation;

 

                  engage in the business of developing, owning and operating our existing properties and acquiring, developing, owning and operating new properties; and

 

                  make occasional dispositions of our assets consistent with our long-term investment objectives.

 

If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for that year if:

 

                  our failure to meet the test was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect;

 

                  we report the nature and amount of each item of our income included in the 75% or 95% gross income tests for that taxable year on a schedule attached to our tax return; and

 

                  any incorrect information on the schedule was not due to fraud with intent to evade tax.

 

It is impossible to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of this relief provision for the 75% and 95% gross income tests.  Even if this relief provision did apply, a special tax equal to 100% is imposed upon the greater of the amount by which we failed the 75% test or the 95% test, with adjustments, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.

 

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Asset Tests.  At the close of each quarter of each taxable year, we must also satisfy these asset percentage tests in order to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes:

 

                  At least 75% of our total assets must consist of real estate assets, cash and cash items, shares in other REITs, government securities, and stock or debt instruments purchased with proceeds of a stock offering or an offering of our debt with a term of at least five years, but only for the one-year period commencing with our receipt of the offering proceeds.

 

                  Not more than 25% of our total assets may be represented by securities other than those securities that count favorably toward the preceding 75% asset test.

 

                  Of the investments included in the preceding 25% asset class, the value of any one non-REIT issuer’s securities that we own may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, and we may not own more than 10% of any one non-REIT issuer’s outstanding voting securities.  For our 2001 taxable year and thereafter, we may not own more than 10% of the vote or value of any one non-REIT issuer’s outstanding securities, unless that issuer is our taxable REIT subsidiary or the securities are straight debt securities.

 

                  For our 2001 taxable year and thereafter, our stock and securities in a taxable REIT subsidiary are exempted from the preceding 10% and 5% asset tests.  However, no more than 20% of our total assets may be represented by stock or securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries.

 

When a failure to satisfy the above asset tests results from an acquisition of securities or other property during a quarter, the failure can be cured by disposition of sufficient nonqualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter.  We intend to maintain records of the value of our assets to document our compliance with the above asset tests, and to take actions as may be required to cure any failure to satisfy the tests within 30 days after the close of any quarter.

 

Our Relationship with Five Star.  In 2001, we and HRPT spun off substantially all of our Five Star common shares.  In addition, our leases with Five Star, Five Star’s charter and bylaws, and the transaction agreement governing the spin-off contain restrictions upon the ownership of Five Star common shares and require Five Star to refrain from taking any actions that may jeopardize our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, including actions which would result in our or our principal shareholder, HRPT, obtaining actual or constructive ownership of 10% or more of the Five Star common shares.  Accordingly, commencing with our 2002 taxable year, we expect that the rental income we receive from Five Star and its subsidiaries will be “rents from real property,” and thus qualifying income under the 75% and 95% gross income tests described above.

 

Annual Distribution Requirements.  In order to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, we are required to make annual distributions other than capital gain dividends to our shareholders in an amount at least equal to the excess of:

 

(A)                              the sum of 90% of our “real estate investment trust taxable income,” as defined in Section 857 of the Internal Revenue Code, computed by excluding any net capital gain and before taking into account any dividends paid deduction for which we are eligible, and 90% of our net income after tax, if any, from property received in foreclosure, over

 

(B)                                the sum of our qualifying noncash income, e.g., imputed rental income or income from transactions inadvertently failing to qualify as like-kind exchanges.

 

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Prior to our 2001 taxable year, the preceding 90% percentages were 95%.  The distributions must be paid in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable year if declared before we timely file our tax return for the earlier taxable year and if paid on or before the first regular distribution payment after that declaration.  If a dividend is declared in October, November, or December to shareholders of record during one of those months, and is paid during the following January, then for federal income tax purposes the dividend will be treated as having been both paid and received on December 31 of the prior taxable year.  A distribution which is not pro rata within a class of our beneficial interests entitled to a distribution, or which is not consistent with the rights to distributions among our classes of beneficial interests, is a preferential distribution that is not taken into consideration for purposes of the distribution requirements, and accordingly the payment of a preferential distribution could affect our ability to meet the distribution requirements.  Taking into account our distribution policies, including the dividend reinvestment plan we have adopted, we expect that we will not make any preferential distributions. The distribution requirements may be waived by the IRS if a REIT establishes that it failed to meet them by reason of distributions previously made to meet the requirements of the 4% excise tax discussed below.  To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain and all of our real estate investment trust taxable income, as adjusted, we will be subject to tax on undistributed amounts.

 

In addition, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail within a calendar year to make required distributions to our shareholders of 85% of our ordinary income and 95% of our capital gain net income plus the excess, if any, of the “grossed up required distribution” for the preceding calendar year over the amount treated as distributed for that preceding calendar year.  For this purpose, the term “grossed up required distribution” for any calendar year is the sum of our taxable income for the calendar year without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and all amounts from earlier years that are not treated as having been distributed under the provision.

 

If we do not have enough cash or other liquid assets to meet the 90% distribution requirements, we may find it necessary and desirable to arrange for new debt or equity financing to provide funds for required distributions in order to maintain our REIT status.  We can provide no assurance that financing would be available for these purposes on favorable terms.

 

We may be able to rectify a failure to pay sufficient dividends for any year by paying “deficiency dividends” to shareholders in a later year.  These deficiency dividends may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year, but an interest charge would be imposed upon us for the delay in distribution.  Although we may be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, we will remain liable for the 4% excise tax discussed above.

 

In addition to the other distribution requirements above, to preserve our status as a REIT we are required to timely distribute C corporation earnings and profits that we inherit from acquired corporations.

 

The Acquisition of 31 Senior Living Communities

 

On January 11, 2002, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of a subsidiary of a C corporation.  At the time of that acquisition, this subsidiary directly or indirectly owned all of the outstanding equity interests in lower tier, corporate and noncorporate subsidiaries.  Upon our acquisition, each of the acquired entities became either our qualified REIT subsidiary under Section 856(i) of the Internal Revenue Code or a disregarded entity under Treasury regulations issued under Section 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code.  Thus, after the acquisition, all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of wholly-owned subsidiaries have been treated as ours for purposes of the various REIT qualification tests described above.  In addition, we generally were treated as the successor to the acquired subsidiaries’ federal income tax attributes, such as those entities’ adjusted tax bases in their assets and their depreciation schedules; we were also treated as the successor to the acquired corporate subsidiaries’ earnings and profits for federal income tax purposes, if any.

 

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Built-in Gains from C Corporations.  As described above, notwithstanding our qualification and taxation as a REIT, we may still be subject to corporate taxation in particular circumstances.  Specifically, if we acquire an asset from a C corporation in a transaction in which our adjusted tax basis in the asset is determined by reference to the adjusted tax basis of that asset in the hands of the C corporation, and if we subsequently recognize gain on the disposition of that asset during the ten year period following the acquisition, then we will generally pay tax at the highest regular corporate tax rate, currently 35%, on the lesser of (1) the excess, if any, of the asset’s fair market value over its adjusted tax basis, each determined as of the time we acquired the asset, or (2) our gain recognized in the disposition.  Accordingly, any taxable disposition of an asset acquired in the January 11, 2002, transaction during the ten-year period commencing on that date could be subject to tax under these rules.  However, except as described below, we have not disposed, and have no present plan or intent to dispose, of any assets acquired in the January 11, 2002, transaction.

 

Also on January 11, 2002, we conveyed to Five Star and its subsidiaries operating assets that were of a type that are typically owned by the tenant of a senior living facility.  In exchange, Five Star and its subsidiaries assumed related operating liabilities.  The aggregate adjusted tax basis in the transferred operating assets was less than the related liabilities assumed, and Five Star and its subsidiaries have received a cash payment from us in the amount of the difference.  We believe that the fair market value of these conveyed operating assets equaled their adjusted tax bases, and we and Five Star agreed to do our respective tax return reporting to that effect.  Accordingly, although Sullivan & Worcester LLP is unable to render an opinion on factual determinations such as assets’ fair market value, we expect to report no gain or loss, and therefore to owe no corporate level tax under the rules for dispositions of former C corporation assets, in respect of this conveyance of operating assets to Five Star.

 

Earnings and Profits. A REIT may not at the end of any taxable year have any undistributed earnings and profits for federal income tax purposes that are attributable to a C corporation.  Upon the closing of the January 11, 2002, transaction, we succeeded to the undistributed earnings and profits, if any, of the acquired corporate subsidiaries.  Thus, we needed to distribute all of these earnings and profits no later than December 31, 2002.  If we failed to do so, we will not qualify as a REIT unless we are able to rely on the relief provision described below.

 

Although Sullivan & Worcester LLP is unable to render an opinion on factual determinations such as the amount of undistributed earnings and profits, we made an investigation of the amount of undistributed earnings and profits that we inherited in the January 11, 2002, transaction.  We believe that we did not acquire any undistributed earnings and profits in this transaction that remained undistributed on December 31, 2002, after taking into account our distributions for 2002.  However, there can be no assurance that the IRS would not, upon subsequent examination, propose adjustments to the undistributed earnings and profits that we inherited as a result of the January 11, 2002, transaction.  In examining the calculation of undistributed earnings and profits that we inherited, the IRS might consider all taxable years of the acquired subsidiaries as open for review for purposes of its proposed adjustments.  If it is subsequently determined that we had undistributed earnings and profits from the January 11, 2002, transaction at December 31, 2002, we may be eligible for a relief provision similar to the “deficiency dividends” procedure described above.  To utilize this relief provision, we would have to pay an interest charge for the delay in distributing the undistributed earnings and profits; in addition, we would be required to distribute to our shareholders, in addition to our other REIT distribution requirements, the amount of the undistributed earnings and profits less the interest charge paid.

 

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Depreciation and Federal Income Tax Treatment of Leases

 

Our initial tax bases in our assets will generally be our acquisition cost.  We will generally depreciate our real property on a straight-line basis over 40 years and our personal property over 12 years.  These depreciation schedules may vary for properties that we acquire through tax-free or carryover basis acquisitions.

 

The initial tax bases and depreciation schedules for our assets we held immediately after we were spun off in 1999 from HRPT depends upon whether the deemed exchange that resulted from that spin-off was an exchange under Section 351(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.  We believe that Section 351(a) treatment was appropriate.  Therefore, we carried over HRPT’s tax basis and depreciation schedule in each of the assets, and to the extent that HRPT recognized gain on an asset in the deemed exchange, we obtained additional tax basis in that asset which we depreciate in the same manner as we depreciate newly purchased assets.  In contrast, if Section 351(a) treatment was not appropriate for the deemed exchange, then we will be treated as though we acquired all our assets at the time of the spin--off in a fully taxable acquisition, thereby acquiring aggregate tax bases in these assets equal to the aggregate amount realized by HRPT in the deemed exchange, and it would then be appropriate to depreciate these tax bases in the same manner as we depreciate newly purchased assets.  We believe, and Sullivan & Worcester LLP has opined, that it is likely that the deemed exchange was an exchange under Section 351(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and we will perform all our tax reporting accordingly.  We may be required to amend these tax reports, including those sent to our shareholders, if the IRS successfully challenges our position that the deemed exchange is an exchange under Section 351(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.  We intend to comply with the annual REIT distribution requirements regardless of whether the deemed exchange was an exchange under Section 351(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

We are entitled to depreciation deductions from our facilities only if we are treated for federal income tax purposes as the owner of the facilities.  This means that the leases of the facilities must be classified for federal income tax purposes as true leases, rather than as sales or financing arrangements, and we believe this to be the case.  In the case of sale-leaseback arrangements, the IRS could assert that we realized prepaid rental income in the year of purchase to the extent that the value of a leased property, at the time of purchase, exceeded the purchase price for that property.  While we believe that the value of leased property at the time of purchase did not exceed purchase prices, because of the lack of clear precedent we cannot provide assurances as to whether the IRS might successfully assert the existence of prepaid rental income in any of our sale-leaseback transactions.

 

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Taxation of U.S. Shareholders

 

As long as we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, a distribution to our U.S. shareholders that we do not designate as a capital gain dividend will be treated as an ordinary income dividend to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits that we properly designate as capital gain dividends will be taxed as long-term capital gains, as discussed below, to the extent they do not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year.  However, corporate shareholders may be required to treat up to 20% of any capital gain dividend as ordinary income under Section 291 of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

In addition, we may elect to retain net capital gain income and treat it as constructively distributed.  In that case:

 

(1)                                  we will be taxed at regular corporate capital gains tax rates on retained amounts;

 

(2)                                  each U.S. shareholder will be taxed on its designated proportionate share of our retained net capital gains as though that amount were distributed and designated a capital gain dividend;

 

(3)                                  each U.S. shareholder will receive a credit for its designated proportionate share of the tax that we pay;

 

(4)                                  each U.S. shareholder will increase its adjusted basis in our shares by the excess of the amount of its proportionate share of these retained net capital gains over its proportionate share of this tax that we pay; and

 

(5)                                  both we and our corporate shareholders will make commensurate adjustments in our respective earnings and profits for federal income tax purposes.

 

If we elect to retain our net capital gains in this fashion, we will notify our U.S. shareholders of the relevant tax information within 60 days after the close of the affected taxable year.

 

For noncorporate U.S. shareholders, long-term capital gains are generally taxed at maximum rates of 20% or 25%, depending upon the type of property disposed of and the previously claimed depreciation with respect to this property.  If for any taxable year we designate capital gain dividends for U.S. shareholders, then the portion of the capital gain dividends we designate will be allocated to the holders of a particular class of shares on a percentage basis equal to the ratio of the amount of the total dividends paid or made available for the year to the holders of that class of shares to the total dividends paid or made available for the year to holders of all classes of our shares.  We will similarly designate the portion of any capital gain dividend that is to be taxed to noncorporate U.S. shareholders at the maximum rates of 20% or 25% so that the designations will be proportionate among all classes of our shares.

 

Distributions in excess of current or accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a U.S. shareholder to the extent that they do not exceed the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the shareholder’s shares, but will reduce the shareholder’s basis in those shares.  To the extent that these excess distributions exceed the adjusted basis of a U.S. shareholder’s shares, they will be included in income as capital gain, with long-term gain generally taxed to noncorporate U.S. shareholders at a maximum rate of 20%.  No U.S. shareholder may include on his federal income tax return any of our net operating losses or any of our capital losses.

 

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Dividends that we declare in October, November or December of a taxable year to U.S. shareholders of record on a date in those months will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31 of that taxable year, provided we actually pay these dividends during the following January.  Also, items that are treated differently for regular and alternative minimum tax purposes are to be allocated between a REIT and its shareholders under Treasury regulations which are to be prescribed.  It is possible that these Treasury regulations will require tax preference items to be allocated to our shareholders with respect to any accelerated depreciation or other tax preference items that we claim.

 

A U.S. shareholder will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder’s adjusted basis in our shares which are sold or exchanged.  This gain or loss will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shareholder’s holding period in the shares exceeds one year.  In addition, any loss upon a sale or exchange of our shares held for six months or less will generally be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of our long-term capital gain dividends during the holding period.

 

Noncorporate U.S. shareholders who borrow funds to finance their acquisition of our shares could be limited in the amount of deductions allowed for the interest paid on the indebtedness incurred.  Under Section 163(d) of the Internal Revenue Code, interest paid or accrued on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry property held for investment is generally deductible only to the extent of the investor’s net investment income.  A U.S. shareholder’s net investment income will include ordinary income dividend distributions received from us and, if an appropriate election is made by the shareholder, capital gain dividend distributions received from us; however, distributions treated as a nontaxable return of the shareholder’s basis will not enter into the computation of net investment income.

 

Taxation of Tax-Exempt Shareholders

 

In Revenue Ruling 66-106, the IRS ruled that amounts distributed by a REIT to a tax-exempt employees’ pension trust did not constitute “unrelated business taxable income,” even though the REIT may have financed some its activities with acquisition indebtedness.  Although revenue rulings are interpretive in nature and subject to revocation or modification by the IRS, based upon the analysis and conclusion of Revenue Ruling 66-106, our distributions made to shareholders that are tax-exempt pension plans, individual retirement accounts, or other qualifying tax-exempt entities should not constitute unrelated business taxable income, unless the shareholder has financed its acquisition of our shares with “acquisition indebtedness” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

Tax-exempt pension trusts, including so-called 401(k) plans but excluding individual retirement accounts or government pension plans, that own more than 10% by value of a “pension-held REIT” at any time during a taxable year may be required to treat a percentage of all dividends received from the pension-held REIT during the year as unrelated business taxable income.  This percentage is equal to the ratio of:

 

(1)                                  the pension-held REIT’s gross income derived from the conduct of unrelated trades or businesses, determined as if the pension-held REIT were a tax-exempt pension fund, less direct expenses related to that income, to

 

 

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(2)                                  the pension-held REIT’s gross income from all sources, less direct expenses related to that income,

 

except that this percentage shall be deemed to be zero unless it would otherwise equal or exceed 5%.  A REIT is a pension-held REIT if:

 

                  the REIT is “predominantly held” by tax-exempt pension trusts; and

 

                  the REIT would fail to satisfy the “closely held” ownership requirement discussed above if the stock or beneficial interests in the REIT held by tax-exempt pension trusts were viewed as held by tax-exempt pension trusts rather than by their respective beneficiaries.

 

A REIT is predominantly held by tax-exempt pension trusts if at least one tax-exempt pension trust owns more than 25% by value of the REIT’s stock or beneficial interests, or if one or more tax-exempt pension trusts, each owning more than 10% by value of the REIT’s stock or beneficial interests, own in the aggregate more than 50% by value of the REIT’s stock or beneficial interests. Because of the share ownership concentration restrictions in our declaration of trust, we believe that we are not and will not be a pension-held REIT.  However, because our shares are publicly traded, we cannot completely control whether or not we are or will become a pension-held REIT.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders

 

The rules governing the United States federal income taxation of non-U.S. shareholders are complex, and the following discussion is intended only as a summary of these rules.  If you are a non-U.S. shareholder, we urge you to consult with your own tax advisor to determine the impact of United States federal, state, local, and foreign tax laws, including any tax return filing and other reporting requirements, with respect to your investment in our shares.

 

In general, a non-U.S. shareholder will be subject to regular United States federal income tax in the same manner as a U.S. shareholder with respect to its investment in our shares if that investment is effectively connected with the non-U.S. shareholder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States.  In addition, a corporate non-U.S. shareholder that receives income that is or is deemed effectively connected with a trade or business in the United States may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax under Section 884 of the Internal Revenue Code, which is payable in addition to regular United States federal corporate income tax.  The balance of this discussion of the United States federal income taxation of non-U.S. shareholders addresses only those non-U.S. shareholders whose investment in our shares is not effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States.

 

A distribution by us to a non-U.S. shareholder that is not attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of a United States real property interest and that is not designated as a capital gain dividend will be treated as an ordinary income dividend to the extent that it is made out of current or accumulated earnings and profits.  A distribution of this type will generally be subject to United States federal income tax and withholding at the rate of 30%, or lower rate if the non-U.S. shareholder has in the manner prescribed by the IRS demonstrated its entitlement to benefits under a tax treaty.  Because we cannot determine our current and accumulated earnings and profits until the end of the taxable year, withholding at the rate of 30% or applicable lower treaty rate will generally be imposed on the gross amount of any distribution to a non-U.S. shareholder that we make and do not designate a capital gain dividend.

 

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Notwithstanding this withholding on distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, these distributions are a nontaxable return of capital to the extent that they do not exceed the non-U.S. shareholder’s adjusted basis in our shares, and the nontaxable return of capital will reduce the adjusted basis in these shares.  To the extent that distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits exceed the non-U.S. shareholder’s adjusted basis in our shares, the distributions will give rise to tax liability if the non-U.S. shareholder would otherwise be subject to tax on any gain from the sale or exchange of these shares, as discussed below.  A non-U.S. shareholder may seek a refund from the IRS of amounts withheld on distributions to him in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits.

 

For any year in which we qualify as a REIT, distributions that are attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of a United States real property interest are taxed to a non-U.S. shareholder as if these distributions were gains effectively connected with a trade or business in the United States conducted by the non-U.S. shareholder.  Accordingly, a non-U.S. shareholder will be taxed on these amounts at the normal capital gain rates applicable to a U.S. shareholder, subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and to a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals; the non-U.S. shareholder will be required to file a United States federal income tax return reporting these amounts, even if applicable withholding is imposed as described below; and corporate non-U.S. shareholders may owe the 30% branch profits tax under Section 884 of the Internal Revenue Code in respect of these amounts.  We will be required to withhold from distributions to non-U.S. shareholders, and remit to the IRS, 35% of the maximum amount of any distribution that could be designated as a capital gain dividend.  In addition, for purposes of this withholding rule, if we designate prior distributions as capital gain dividends, then subsequent distributions up to the amount of the designated prior distributions will be treated as capital gain dividends.  The amount of any tax withheld is creditable against the non-U.S. shareholder’s United States federal income tax liability, and any amount of tax withheld in excess of that tax liability may be refunded if an appropriate claim for refund is filed with the IRS.  If for any taxable year we designate capital gain dividends for our shareholders, then the portion of the capital gain dividends we designate will be allocated to the holders of a particular class of shares on a percentage basis equal to the ratio of the amount of the total dividends paid or made available for the year to the holders of that class of shares to the total dividends paid or made available for the year to holders of all classes of our shares.

 

Tax treaties may reduce the withholding obligations on our distributions.  Under some treaties, however, rates below 30% that are applicable to ordinary income dividends from United States corporations may not apply to ordinary income dividends from a REIT.  You must generally use an applicable IRS Form W-8, or substantially similar form, to claim tax treaty benefits.  If the amount of tax withheld by us with respect to a distribution to a non-U.S. shareholder exceeds the shareholder’s United States federal income tax liability with respect to the distribution, the non-U.S. shareholder may file for a refund of the excess from the IRS.  The 35% withholding tax rate on capital gain dividends corresponds to the maximum income tax rate applicable to corporate non-U.S. shareholders but is higher than the 20% and 25% maximum rates on capital gains generally applicable to noncorporate non-U.S. shareholders.  Treasury regulations also provide special rules to determine whether, for purposes of determining the applicability of a tax treaty, our distributions to a non-U.S. shareholder that is an entity should be treated as paid to the entity or to those owning an interest in that entity, and whether the entity or its owners are entitled to benefits under the tax treaty.

 

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If our shares are not “United States real property interests” within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code, a non-U.S. shareholder’s gain on sale of these shares generally will not be subject to United States federal income taxation, except that a non-resident alien individual who was in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year will be subject to a 30% tax on this gain.  Our shares will not constitute a United States real property interest if we are a “domestically controlled REIT.”  A domestically controlled REIT is a REIT in which at all times during the preceding five-year period less than 50% in value of its shares is held directly or indirectly by foreign persons.  We believe that we are and will be a domestically controlled REIT and thus a non-U.S. shareholder’s gain on sale of our shares will not be subject to United States federal income taxation.  However, because our shares are publicly traded, we can provide no assurance that we will be a domestically controlled REIT.  If we are not a domestically controlled REIT, a non-U.S. shareholder’s gain on sale of our shares will not be subject to United States federal income taxation as a sale of a United States real property interest, if that class of shares is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury regulations, on an established securities market like the NYSE, and the non-U.S. shareholder has at all times during the preceding five years owned 5% or less by value of that class of shares.  If the gain on the sale of our shares were subject to United States federal income taxation, the non-U.S. shareholder will generally be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. shareholder with respect to its gain, will be required to file a United States federal income tax return reporting that gain, and a corporate non-U.S. shareholder might owe branch profits tax under Section 884 of the Internal Revenue Code.  A purchaser of our shares from a non-U.S. shareholder will not be required to withhold on the purchase price if the purchased shares are regularly traded on an established securities market or if we are a domestically controlled REIT.  Otherwise, a purchaser of our shares from a non-U.S. shareholder may be required to withhold 10% of the purchase price paid to the non-U.S. shareholder and to remit the withheld amount to the IRS.

 

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

 

Information reporting and backup withholding may apply to distributions or proceeds paid to our shareholders under the circumstances discussed below.  The backup withholding rate is currently 30%, but this rate is scheduled to fall to 28% over the next several years.  Amounts withheld under backup withholding are generally not an additional tax and may be refunded or credited against the REIT shareholder’s federal income tax liability.

 

A U.S. shareholder will be subject to backup withholding when it receives distributions on our shares or proceeds upon the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other disposition of our shares, unless the U.S. shareholder properly executes, or has previously properly executed, under penalties of perjury an IRS Form W-9 or substantially similar form that:

 

                  provides the U.S. shareholder’s correct taxpayer identification number; and

 

                  certifies that the U.S. shareholder is exempt from backup withholding because it is a corporation or comes within another exempt category, it has not been notified by the IRS that it is subject to backup withholding, or it has been notified by the IRS that it is no longer subject to backup withholding.

 

If the U.S. shareholder has not and does not provide its correct taxpayer identification number on the IRS Form W-9 or substantially similar form, it may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS and the REIT or other withholding agent may have to withhold a portion of any capital gain distributions paid to it. Unless the U.S. shareholder has established on a properly executed IRS Form W-9 or substantially similar form that it is a corporation or comes within another exempt category, distributions on our shares paid to it during the calendar year, and the amount of tax withheld, if any, will be reported to it and to the IRS.

 

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the U.S. shareholder has established on a properly executed IRS Form W-9 or substantially similar form that it is a corporation or comes within another exempt category, distributions on our shares paid to it during the calendar year, and the amount of tax withheld, if any, will be reported to it and to the IRS.

 

Distributions on our shares to a non-U.S. shareholder during each calendar year and the amount of tax withheld, if any, will generally be reported to the non-U.S. shareholder and to the IRS. This information reporting requirement applies regardless of whether the non-U.S. shareholder is subject to withholding on distributions on our shares or whether the withholding was reduced or eliminated by an applicable tax treaty.  Also, distributions paid to a non-U.S. shareholder on our shares may be subject to backup withholding, unless the non-U.S. shareholder properly certifies its non-U.S. shareholder status on an IRS Form W-8 or substantially similar form in the manner described above.  Similarly, information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to proceeds a non-U.S. shareholder receives upon the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other disposition of our shares, if the non-U.S. shareholder properly certifies its non-U.S. shareholder status on an IRS Form W-8 or substantially similar form.  Even without having executed an IRS Form W-8 or substantially similar form, however, in some cases information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to proceeds that a non-U.S. shareholder receives upon the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other disposition of our shares if the non-U.S. shareholder receives those proceeds through a broker’s foreign office.

 

Other Tax Consequences

 

Our and our shareholders’ federal income tax treatment may be modified by legislative, judicial, or administrative actions at any time, which actions may be retroactive in effect. The rules dealing with federal income taxation are constantly under review by the Congress, the IRS and the Treasury Department, and statutory changes, new regulations, revisions to existing regulations, and revised interpretations of established concepts are issued frequently.  No prediction can be made as to the likelihood of passage of new tax legislation or other provisions or the direct or indirect effect on us and our shareholders. Revisions to federal income tax laws and interpretations of these laws could adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in our shares.  We and our shareholders may also be subject to taxation by state or local jurisdictions, including those in which we or our shareholders transact business or reside. State and local tax consequences may not be comparable to the federal income tax consequences discussed above.

 

ERISA PLANS, KEOGH PLANS AND INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS

 

General Fiduciary Obligations

 

Fiduciaries of a pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plan subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, ERISA, must consider whether:

 

                  their investment in our shares satisfies the diversification requirements of ERISA;

 

                  the investment is prudent in light of possible limitations on the marketability of our shares;

 

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                  they have authority to acquire our shares under the applicable governing instrument and Title I of ERISA; and

 

                  the investment is otherwise consistent with their fiduciary responsibilities.

 

Trustees and other fiduciaries of an ERISA plan may incur personal liability for any loss suffered by the plan on account of a violation of their fiduciary responsibilities. In addition, these fiduciaries may be subject to a civil penalty of up to 20% of any amount recovered by the plan on account of a violation. Fiduciaries of any IRA, Roth IRA, Keogh Plan or other qualified retirement plan not subject to Title I of ERISA, referred to as “non-ERISA plans,” should consider that a plan may only make investments that are authorized by the appropriate governing instrument. Fiduciary shareholders should consult their own legal advisors if they have any concern as to whether the investment is consistent with the foregoing criteria.

 

Prohibited Transactions

 

Fiduciaries of ERISA plans and persons making the investment decision for an IRA or other non-ERISA plan should consider the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code in making their investment decision. Sales and other transactions between an ERISA or non-ERISA plan, and persons related to it, are prohibited transactions.  The particular facts concerning the sponsorship, operations and other investments of an ERISA plan or non-ERISA plan may cause a wide range of other persons to be treated as disqualified persons or parties in interest with respect to it.  A prohibited transaction, in addition to imposing potential personal liability upon fiduciaries of ERISA plans, may also result in the imposition of an excise tax under the Internal Revenue Code or a penalty under ERISA upon the disqualified person or party in interest with respect to the plan.  If the disqualified person who engages in the transaction is the individual on behalf of whom an IRA or Roth IRA is maintained or his beneficiary, the IRA or Roth IRA may lose its tax-exempt status and its assets may be deemed to have been distributed to the individual in a taxable distribution on account of the prohibited transaction, but no excise tax will be imposed.  Fiduciary shareholders should consult their own legal advisors as to whether the ownership of our shares involves a prohibited transaction.

 

“Plan Assets” Considerations

 

The Department of Labor, which has administrative responsibility over ERISA plans as well as non-ERISA plans, has issued a regulation defining “plan assets.” The regulation generally provides that when an ERISA or non-ERISA plan acquires a security that is an equity interest in an entity and that security is neither a “publicly offered security” nor a security issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the ERISA plan’s or non-ERISA plan’s assets include both the equity interest and an undivided interest in each of the underlying assets of the entity, unless it is established either that the entity is an operating company or that equity participation in the entity by benefit plan investors is not significant.

 

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Each class of our shares (that is, our common shares and any class of preferred shares that we may issue) must be analyzed separately to ascertain whether it is a publicly offered security. The regulation defines a publicly offered security as a security that is “widely held,” “freely transferable” and either part of a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act, or sold under an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, provided the securities are registered under the Exchange Act within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year of the issuer during which the offering occurred.  All our outstanding shares have been registered under the Exchange Act.

 

The regulation provides that a security is “widely held” only if it is part of a class of securities that is owned by 100 or more investors independent of the issuer and of one another. However, a security will not fail to be “widely held” because the number of independent investors falls below 100 subsequent to the initial public offering as a result of events beyond the issuer’s control.  Our common shares have been widely held and we expect our common shares to continue to be widely held.  We expect the same to be true of any class of preferred stock that we may issue, but we can give no assurance in that regard.

 

The regulation provides that whether a security is “freely transferable” is a factual question to be determined on the basis of all relevant facts and circumstances. The regulation further provides that, where a security is part of an offering in which the minimum investment is $10,000 or less, some restrictions on transfer ordinarily will not, alone or in combination, affect a finding that these securities are freely transferable. The restrictions on transfer enumerated in the regulation as not affecting that finding include:

 

                  any restriction on or prohibition against any transfer or assignment which would result in a termination or reclassification for federal or state tax purposes, or would otherwise violate any state or federal law or court order;

 

                  any requirement that advance notice of a transfer or assignment be given to the issuer and any requirement that either the transferor or transferee, or both, execute documentation setting forth representations as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer which are among those enumerated in the regulation as not affecting free transferability, including those described in the preceding clause of this sentence;

 

                  any administrative procedure which establishes an effective date, or an event prior to which a transfer or assignment will not be effective; and

 

                  any limitation or restriction on transfer or assignment which is not imposed by the issuer or a person acting on behalf of the issuer.

 

We believe that the restrictions imposed under our declaration of trust on the transfer of shares do not result in the failure of our shares to be “freely transferable.” Furthermore, we believe that there exist no other facts or circumstances limiting the transferability of our shares which are not included among those enumerated as not affecting their free transferability under the regulation, and we do not expect or intend to impose in the future, or to permit any person to impose on our behalf, any limitations or restrictions on transfer which would not be among the enumerated permissible limitations or restrictions.

 

33



 

Assuming that each class of our shares will be “widely held” and that no other facts and circumstances exist which restrict transferability of these shares, we have received an opinion of our counsel Sullivan & Worcester LLP that our shares will not fail to be “freely transferable” for purposes of the regulation due to the restrictions on transfer of the shares under our declaration of trust and that under the regulation the shares are publicly offered securities and our assets will not be deemed to be “plan assets” of any ERISA plan or non-ERISA plan that invests in our shares.

 

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Item 2.    Properties

 

At December 31, 2002, we had real estate investments totaling $1.2 billion, at cost and after impairment loss write-downs, in 119 properties that were leased to tenants.  At December 31, 2002, two properties with an aggregate cost of $9.2 million were mortgaged for $9.1 million and one property with a historical cost of $34.0 million was encumbered by $14.7 million of mortgage bonds.

 

The following table summarizes some information about our properties as of December 31, 2002.  All dollar amounts are in thousands.

 

Location of Properties by State

 

Number of
Properties

 

Number
of Living
Units/Beds

 

Undepreciated
Carrying Value

 

Net Book
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arizona

 

7

 

1,387

 

$

91,181

 

$

84,589

 

California

 

9

 

1,470

 

112,849

 

101,293

 

Colorado

 

7

 

805

 

28,665

 

22,240

 

Connecticut

 

2

 

300

 

11,104

 

7,500

 

Delaware

 

5

 

869

 

59,482

 

58,098

 

Florida

 

11

 

3,039

 

219,460

 

191,950

 

Georgia

 

4

 

399

 

12,565

 

10,299

 

Illinois

 

1

 

363

 

36,742

 

29,885

 

Indiana

 

1

 

221

 

19,491

 

19,041

 

Iowa

 

7

 

494

 

12,036

 

9,601

 

Kansas

 

3

 

402

 

32,033

 

31,290

 

Kentucky

 

3

 

606

 

42,127

 

41,098

 

Maryland

 

6

 

724

 

66,582

 

60,105

 

Massachusetts

 

3

 

489

 

65,971

 

62,539

 

Michigan

 

2

 

269

 

9,166

 

8,573

 

Missouri

 

2

 

195

 

3,865

 

2,945

 

Nebraska

 

14

 

820

 

14,090

 

12,621

 

New Jersey

 

2

 

572

 

47,020

 

44,113

 

New Mexico

 

1

 

209

 

26,740

 

26,119

 

North Carolina

 

1

 

89

 

5,401

 

5,372

 

Ohio

 

2

 

515

 

31,616

 

30,127

 

Pennsylvania

 

1

 

140

 

15,598

 

8,244

 

South Carolina

 

1

 

164

 

3,882

 

3,793

 

South Dakota

 

3

 

361

 

7,589

 

5,481

 

Texas

 

6

 

1,749

 

155,472

 

149,769

 

Virginia

 

5

 

1,003

 

69,867

 

58,733

 

Washington

 

1

 

103

 

5,193

 

3,794

 

Wisconsin

 

7

 

881

 

25,293

 

18,759

 

Wyoming

 

2

 

191

 

7,407

 

5,477

 

Total

 

119

 

18,829

 

$

1,238,487

 

$

1,113,448

 

 

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Item 3.    Legal Proceedings

 

In January 2002 we purchased 31 senior living communities with 7,476 living units from Crestline Capital Corp. for approximately $600 million.  Simultaneously these properties were leased to Five Star.  At the time these properties were acquired and through today they were and are managed by MSLS, a 100% owned subsidiary of Marriott.  Because of the manner in which this transaction was structured, we and Five Star both became parties to the management contracts with MSLS, although Five Star, and not us, is primarily responsible for all matters affecting the properties operations and MSLS’s management.  Many of the management services provided to these 31 communities by MSLS are in practice provided by Marriott.

 

Shortly after it began to lease these communities, Five Star began to question the financial and operations management provided by MSLS and Marriott.  Among other matters, Five Star questioned:  (i) whether Marriott’s pooled insurance costs were fairly allocated to the communities and to other operations of Marriott; (ii) whether Marriott realized unfair profits by purchasing goods and services for these communities from Marriott affiliated businesses; (iii) whether Marriott and MSLS improperly charged the communities for home office personnel and costs which should have been borne by Marriott and MSLS in return for their management fees; (iv) whether excessive amounts of the 31 communities revenues were retained by MSLS and Marriott as working capital cash and used for other Marriott operations without compensation to Five Star; (v) whether deposits received from the communities’ residents were improperly retained by Marriott or MSLS and used interest free for their own purposes; (vi) whether MSLS and Marriott were directing business away from the managed communities to other properties which MSLS operates for its own account; (vii) whether adequate collection procedures were in effect to reduce bad debt expenses or if uncollectable revenues were accrued to inflate management fees; (viii) whether MSLS and Marriott refused to prepare a plan to close a chronically loss producing property in order to continue collecting management fees; and (ix) generally whether the managed communities are being properly marketed and managed.  Marriott and MSLS denied that they breached their obligations under the management contracts; however, as result of these inquiries and after demand notices, Marriott has to date paid Five Star a total of approximately $2.3 million.

 

In July 2002, Marriott publicly announced its intention to exit the senior living management business and hired an investment bank to auction MSLS.  We and Five Star submitted a combined bid for MSLS, but that bid was not accepted.  During this auction process, we and Five Star asserted that the management contracts require our approval for, or otherwise restricted, the sale of MSLS.  Marriott denied this assertion.

 

On November 27, 2002, Marriott and MSLS sued us in the Circuit Court for Montgomery County, Maryland.  This lawsuit seeks a declaration that Marriott and MSLS have not breached the management contracts, or, if they have breached, that such breach(es) is (are) not sufficiently material to permit termination of the management contracts.  We and Five Star have answered that there have been material breaches sufficient to terminate the management contracts and have counter-claimed for money damages.  A preliminary injunction was issued in this case on January 8, 2003, upon Marriott’s and MSLS’s request, which prohibits us from terminating the management contracts until completion of the trial.

 

Also on November 27, 2002, we and Five Star sued Marriott and MSLS in the Superior Court for Middlesex County, Massachusetts.  An amended complaint was filed on January 27, 2003.  Among other matters, this lawsuit sought a declaration that we and Five Star may terminate the management agreements in the event of a sale of MSLS.  In December 2002, our and Five Star’s request for a preliminary injunction to prevent the sale of MSLS until trial was denied.  Thereafter on December 30,

 

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2002, Marriott announced that it had entered an agreement to sell MSLS to Sunrise.  A hearing on our and Five Star’s request for a preliminary determination of the rights of the parties upon completion of the proposed sale was held on February 21, 2003.  At the same February 21 hearing, the court also considered Marriott’s and MSLS’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint.  On March 4, 2003, the Massachusetts court granted the motion to dismiss.  We and Five Star intend to seek reconsideration of this decision and are considering whether to appeal the Massachusetts court decision.

 

We believe that Marriott and MSLS have materially breached the management agreements.  We also believe that the management agreements may be terminated if MSLS is sold to Sunrise.  However, the factual and legal issues involved in this litigation are complex and the final outcome of this litigation cannot be predicted.  Also, this litigation is likely to be expensive to conduct and the total amount of this expense cannot be estimated at this time.

 

Five Star has continued to pay rent for the 31 communities involved in this litigation.  If the management contracts are terminated, we believe Five Star will be able to operate the communities involved in this litigation.  We are unable to predict whether MSLS owned by Sunrise will be able to manage these communities or whether that management may adversely affect Five Star’s ability to pay our rent.

 

In the ordinary course of business we may be involved in other legal proceedings; however, we are not aware of any other material pending or threatened legal proceeding affecting us or any of our properties for which we might become liable or the outcome of which we expect to have a material impact on us.

 

Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

None.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Stock and Related Shareholder Matters

 

Our common shares are traded on the NYSE (symbol: SNH).  The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low closing sale prices for our shares as reported by the NYSE.

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

2001

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

11.27

 

$

9.75

 

Second Quarter

 

13.15

 

11.06

 

Third Quarter

 

13.85

 

12.40

 

Fourth Quarter

 

13.95

 

12.21

 

2002

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

14.46

 

$

13.19

 

Second Quarter

 

15.70

 

13.74

 

Third Quarter

 

15.57

 

10.25

 

Fourth Quarter

 

11.38

 

9.85

 

 

The closing price of our common shares on the NYSE on March 14, 2003, was $11.69.

 

As of March 10, 2003, there were 3,704 record holders of our common shares, and we estimate that as of that date there were in excess of 80,000 beneficial owners of our common shares.

 

The following table sets forth the amount of cash distributions paid with respect to the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Distributions Per Common Share

 

 

 

2001

 

2002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

0.30

 

$

0.31

 

Second Quarter

 

0.30

 

0.31

 

Third Quarter

 

0.30

 

0.31

 

Fourth Quarter

 

0.30

 

0.31

 

 

                Distributions with respect to a quarter are usually paid in the following quarter.  In addition to the distributions shown above, we distributed 4,342,170 common shares of Five Star to our shareholders on December 31, 2001.  The Five Star share distribution was valued at $0.726 per SNH share, based upon the market value of Five Star shares at the time of their distribution.  Distributions are made at the discretion of our board of trustees and depend on our earnings, funds from operations, as defined, cash available for distribution, financial condition, capital market conditions, growth prospects and other factors as our board of trustees deems relevant.

 

38



 

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data

 

Set forth below is selected financial data for the periods and dates indicated.  Year to year comparisons are impacted by property acquisitions during historical periods.  This data should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  Amounts are in thousands, except per share information. 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

1999(1)

 

1998(1)

 

Income Statement Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues(2)

 

$

122,297

 

$

274,644

 

$

75,632

 

$

90,790

 

$

88,306

 

Income from continuing operations(3)

 

52,013

 

18,021

 

31,208

 

14,907

 

46,309

 

Net income(3)(4)

 

50,184

 

17,018

 

58,437

 

14,834

 

46,236

 

Funds from operations(5)

 

78,264

 

45,440

 

47,748

 

67,091

 

64,533

 

Cash distributions to common shareholders(6)

 

72,457

 

42,640

 

31,121

 

31,202

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

56,416

 

30,859

 

25,958

 

26,000

 

26,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Per common share data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations(3)

 

$

0.92

 

$

0.58

 

$

1.20

 

$

0.57

 

$

1.78

 

Net income(3)(4)

 

0.89

 

0.55

 

2.25

 

0.57

 

1.78

 

Cash distributions to common shareholders(6)

 

1.24

 

1.20

 

1.20

 

1.20

 

 

 

 

 

At December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

1999

 

1998

 

Balance Sheet Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate properties, at cost, net of impairments

 

$

1,238,487

 

$

593,199

 

$

593,395

 

$

708,739

 

$

732,393

 

Real estate mortgages receivable, net of bad debt reserves

 

 

 

 

22,939

 

37,826

 

Total assets

 

1,158,200

 

867,303

 

530,573

 

654,000

 

686,296

 

Total indebtedness

 

357,364

 

252,707

 

97,000

 

200,000

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

 

752,326

 

574,624

 

422,310

 

409,406

 

642,069

 

 


(1)          Prior to October 12, 1999, we and our properties were owned by HRPT.  The following data is presented as if we were a separate entity from HRPT for all periods.  This financial data has been derived from HRPT’s historical financial statements for periods prior to October 12, 1999.  Per share data has been presented as if our shares were outstanding for all periods prior to October 12, 1999.  The following table includes pro rata allocations of HRPT’s interest expense and general and administrative expenses for periods prior to October 12, 1999.  In the opinion of our management, the methods used for allocating interest and general and administrative expenses are reasonable.  However, it is impossible to estimate all operating costs that we would have incurred as a public company separate from HRPT.  Accordingly, the income statement and per common share data shown are not necessarily indicative of results that we would have realized as a separate company.

(2)          Includes patient revenues from facilities’ operations in 2001.  Includes a gain on foreclosures and lease terminations of $7.1 million in 2000.

(3)          Includes $4.2 million ($0.14 per share) of non-recurring general and administrative expenses related to foreclosures and lease terminations and Five Star spin-off costs of $3.7 million ($0.12 per share) in 2001, a gain on foreclosures and lease terminations of $7.1 million ($0.27 per share) and $3.5 million ($0.14 per share) of non-recurring general and administrative expenses related to foreclosures and lease terminations in 2000, and an impairment loss write-down and loan loss reserve totaling $30.0 million ($1.15 per share) in 1999.

(4)          Includes a gain on sale of properties of $27.4 million ($1.06 per share) in 2000.

(5)          Funds from operations or “FFO,” is defined in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” below.

(6)          On December 31, 2001, we made a distribution of one share of Five Star for every ten shares of our common shares outstanding at that time.  This in kind distribution was valued at $31.5 million ($0.726 per share) based upon the market value of Five Star shares at the time of the distribution.

 

39



 

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report.

 

This discussion includes references to funds from operations (“FFO”).   We compute FFO as shown in the calculation in “Results of Operations”.  We consider FFO to be an appropriate measure of performance for a REIT, along with net income and cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities because it provides investors with an indication of a REIT’s operating performance and its ability to incur and service debt, make capital expenditures, pay distributions and fund other cash needs.  FFO does not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and should not be considered an alternative to net income or cash flow from operating activities as a measure of financial performance or liquidity.  FFO is one important factor considered by our board of trustees in determining the amount of distributions to shareholders.

 

PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW

 

The following tables present an overview of our portfolio as of December 31, 2002:

 

 

 

# of
Properties

 

# of
Units/Beds

 

Investment

 

% of
Investment

 

Current
Annual
Rent
Revenues

 

% of Current
Annual Rent
Revenues

 

Facility Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Independent living communities(1)

 

54

 

12,253

 

$

1,003,884

 

81.1

%

$

100,530

 

82.1

%

Skilled nursing facilities

 

60

 

6,016

 

186,834

 

15.1

%

12,928

 

10.6

%

Hospitals

 

2

 

364

 

43,553

 

3.5

%

8,700

 

7.1

%

Assisted living facilities

 

3

 

196

 

4,216

 

0.3

%

236

 

0.2

%

Total

 

119

 

18,829

 

$

1,238,487

 

100.0

%

$

122,394

 

100.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rent Coverage (2)

 

Tenant/Operator

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Five Star/MSLS

 

31

 

7,476

 

$

614,598

 

49.6

%

$

63,000

 

51.5

%

1.1

x

MSLS

 

14

 

4,030

 

325,472

 

26.3

%

31,245

 

25.5

%

1.4

x

HEALTHSOUTH(3)

 

2

 

364

 

43,553

 

3.5

%

8,700

 

7.1

%

na

 

Five Star

 

54

 

4,952

 

141,383

 

11.4

%

6,923

 

5.7

%

2.8

x

Five Star

 

9

 

747

 

63,814

 

5.2

%

6,285

 

5.1

%

1.3

x

Genesis

 

1

 

156

 

13,007

 

1.0

%

1,496

 

1.2

%

1.8

x

Integrated

 

1

 

140

 

15,598

 

1.3

%

1,200

 

1.0

%

1.9

x

5 private companies (combined)

 

7

 

964

 

21,062

 

1.7

%

3,545

 

2.9

%

2.1

x

Total

 

119

 

18,829

 

$

1,238,487

 

100.0

%

$

122,394

 

100.0

%

 

 

 


(1)     Properties where the majority of units are independent living apartments are classified as independent living communities.

(2)     Rent coverage is calculated as operating cash flow from our tenants’ facility operations, before subordinated charges and capital expenditure reserves, divided by rent payable to us.  All tenant operating statistics are calculated based upon year ended December 31, 2002 operating results or the most recent tenant operating results provided to us by our tenants.

(3)     On March 19, 2003, the SEC filed a complaint against HEALTHSOUTH, alleging that HEALTHSOUTH and certain of its officers committed fraud and violated several SEC regulations by overstating their historical earnings and assets.  Through the date of this report, HEALTHSOUTH is current in its payment obligations to us, but, at this time, we do not have sufficient information about the SEC allegations against HEALTHSOUTH to know what impact they may have on our lease.

 

40



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Year Ended December 31, 2002, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2001

 

Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002, were $122.3 million, compared to total revenues of $274.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2001.  Included in total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2001, are revenues from facilities’ operations of $224.9 million. During 2001, Five Star, one of our wholly owned subsidiaries, operated facilities for our account.  On December 31, 2001, we distributed substantially all of our ownership of Five Star to our shareholders and Five Star became a separate public company.  In connection with the Five Star spin-off, Five Star leased the facilities from us which it previously operated for our account; and, as a result, after the Five Star spin-off, we do not have facilities’ operations revenues or expenses.

 

Rental income for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $115.6 million compared to rental income of $47.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, an increase of $68.2 million.  This increase is due to our acquisition and lease of 31 properties on January 11, 2002, for annual rent of $63.0 million, our lease to Five Star of facilities which had been previously operated for our account for annual rent of $6.9 million and our lease to Five Star which commenced in October 2002 for annual rent of $6.3 million.  This increase was partially offset by a decrease in annual rent from HEALTHSOUTH of $10.3 million to $8.7 million resulting from a lease modification related to a non-monetary exchange of properties, effective January 2, 2002.

 

FF&E reserve income for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $5.3 million compared to zero for the year ended December 31, 2001.  The lease with Five Star for certain properties acquired in January 2002 required a varying percentage of gross revenues be paid to us as additional rent which was escrowed for future capital expenditures at these leased facilities.  This lease was modified, effective October 1, 2002, and the FF&E reserve escrow accounts are now owned by Five Star while we have security and remainder interests in these accounts and in property purchased with funding from these accounts.  As a result, we no longer receive FF&E reserve income.

 

Interest and other income for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, each include $800,000 of dividend income from the one million shares of HRPT that we own.

 

Total expenses for the year ended December 31, 2002, were $67.5 million, compared to total expenses of $255.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, a decrease of $187.7 million. Total expenses for the year ended December 31, 2001, include expenses from facilities’ operations of $217.9 million.  Subsequent to the Five Star spin-off, we no longer have any facilities’ operations expenses.

 

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $27.4 million compared to interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2001, of $5.9 million, an increase of $21.5 million.  This increase was primarily due to our issuance of $245.0 million of 8 5/8% senior unsecured notes in December 2001 and our assumption of debt in connection with our purchase of properties in January 2002.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in the weighted average interest rate on our revolving bank credit facility.

 

Depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $31.6 million compared to depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2001, of $19.4 million, an increase of $12.2 million.  Recurring general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $8.5 million compared to recurring general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2001, of $4.1 million, an increase of $4.4 million.  These increases were primarily due to our acquisition of properties in January and October 2002 and increased legal fees in connection with our litigation with Marriott.

 

41



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2001, we incurred nonrecurring general and administrative costs totaling approximately $4.2 million.  These costs were incurred in connection with the establishment of operating systems for foreclosed and repossessed properties, which systems were distributed to shareholders in the Five Star spin-off.  In addition, we incurred $3.7 million of non-recurring costs in connection with the Five Star spin-off.

 

Distributions on trust preferred securities for the year ended December 31, 2002, were $2.8 million compared to $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2001.  The increase is due to our issuance of trust preferred securities in June and July 2001.

 

                During the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded a loss from discontinued operations of $1.8 million related to a facility leased to Five Star which was closed during the second quarter of 2002 and sold during the fourth quarter of 2002.  The loss includes historical depreciation expense as well as an impairment write down of the real estate associated with this property, offset by the sales proceeds received by us.  For the 2001 period, amounts were reclassified from depreciation expense and facilities’ operations revenues and expenses to the loss from discontinued operations.

 

Net income was $50.2 million, or $0.89 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2002, compared to $17.0 million, or $0.55 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2001, an increase of $33.2 million, or $0.34 per share.  This increase is primarily the result of the changes in revenues and expenses resulting from the January and October 2002 acquisitions and the Five Star spin-off and the issuance of senior notes and trust preferred securities in 2001, as described above, and the increase in weighted average number of shares outstanding between the 2001 and 2002 periods.

 

                FFO for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $78.3 million compared to $45.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2001.  The increase in FFO of $32.9 million is due primarily to the same factors that created the increase in net income.  FFO for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, are calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

50,184

 

$

17,018

 

Add:

Depreciation expense

 

31,596

 

19,351

 

 

Five Star spin-off costs

 

 

3,732

 

 

Non-cash charges

 

 

169

 

 

General and administrative expenses related to foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

4,167

 

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

1,829

 

1,003

 

Less: FF&E reserve income

 

(5,345

)

 

Funds from operations(1)

 

$

78,264

 

$

45,440

 

 

42



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 


(1)     Through the quarter ended September 30, 2002, our FFO included FF&E reserve income which was historically paid to us but escrowed for future capital expenditures at certain leased properties.  As described in Note 2 to the accompanying financial statements, we entered into an agreement to amend the lease pursuant to which our tenant, Five Star, retains title to the FF&E escrow accounts while we retain security and remainder interests in the escrow accounts and in property purchased with funding from those accounts.   Accordingly, effective October 1, 2002, our FFO no longer includes FF&E reserve income.  In order to facilitate comparison of future FFO with historical results, this historical FFO presentation eliminates FF&E reserve income.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2001, Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2000

 

Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2001, were $274.6 million, compared to total revenues of $75.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2000.  Included in total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2001, were revenues from facilities’ operations of $224.9 million. On July 1, 2000, we assumed nursing home operations from bankrupt former tenants. Because we had not received substantially all of the licenses required to operate these facilities, we accounted for the facilities’ operations using the equity method of accounting during 2000. Included in total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2000, is Other Real Estate Income of $2.6 million, which represented the net operating income from these nursing home operations that we assumed as of July 1, 2000.  As of January 1, 2001, we had obtained substantially all of the necessary licenses for these facilities and we consolidated the facilities’ operations.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2001, compared to the year ended December 31, 2000, rental income decreased to $47.4 million from $64.4 million.  This decrease is primarily due to the sale of seven properties in 2000 and certain tenant bankruptcies, resulting in terminated leases and operations assumed by us.

 

Interest and other income for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000, include $800,000 and $400,000, respectively, of dividend income from the one million shares of HRPT that we own.

 

Also included in total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2000, is a gain on foreclosures and lease terminations of $7.1 million, which represented the excess of the security deposits forfeited, properties received and acceleration of deferred revenues, over the professional fees incurred, third party liabilities incurred, fixed asset impairment write-downs and a reserve for funds to cure deferred maintenance, arising from the foreclosures and lease terminations settled in 2000.

 

Total expenses for the year ended December 31, 2001, were $255.2 million, compared to total expenses of $44.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2000.  Total expenses for the year ended December 31, 2001 included expenses of $217.9 million from facilities’ operations, which were consolidated beginning January 1, 2001.  During 2000, we accounted for the facilities’ operations using the equity method of accounting and did not report expenses of facilities’ operations.

 

Interest expense was $9.5 million lower in the year ended December 31, 2001, compared to the same period in 2000 because the average balance outstanding and the weighted average interest rates on our credit facility were lower during the 2001 period.  The decrease in the average balance outstanding is due mainly to our issuance of $27.4 million of trust preferred securities and 17.5 million of our common shares for net proceeds of $213.7 million during 2001 and the application of these net proceeds to borrowings outstanding under our revolving bank credit facility.  The decrease in interest expense was partially offset by distributions on the trust preferred securities.

 

 

43



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

Depreciation expense decreased in the year ended December 31, 2001, by $713,000 primarily due to the sale of seven properties in 2000 and the net effect of the assets disposed of versus the assets acquired in the settlement with our former tenants, offset by depreciation related to equipment purchases made since December 31, 2000.

 

Recurring general and administrative expense decreased by $1.3 million primarily due to the impact of the sale of seven properties in 2000.  During the year ended December 31, 2001, we incurred non-recurring general and administrative costs totaling approximately $4.2 million compared to $3.5 million in the prior year.  These costs were incurred in connection with the establishment of operating systems for foreclosed and repossessed properties.  Also during 2001, we incurred $3.7 million of non-recurring costs in connection with the Five Star spin-off.

 

Net income was $17.0 million, or $0.55 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2001, as compared to $58.4 million, or $2.25 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2000.  This decrease in net income is primarily the consequence of the gain of $27.4 million on the sale of properties in 2000 and of the changes in revenues and expenses resulting from the tenant bankruptcies, settlements and sales of properties in 2000 as described above.

 

FFO for the year ended December 31, 2001, was $45.4 million compared to $47.7 million for the same period in 2000.  The decrease of $2.3 million is due primarily to the same factors impacting the decrease in net income.  FFO for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000, are calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

2001

 

2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

17,018

 

$

58,437

 

Add:

Depreciation expense

 

19,351

 

20,064

 

 

Five Star spin-off costs

 

3,732

 

 

 

Non-cash charges

 

169

 

62

 

 

General and administrative expenses related to foreclosures and lease terminations

 

4,167

 

3,519

 

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

1,003

 

186

 

Less:

Gain on sale of properties

 

 

27,415

 

 

Gain on foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

7,105

 

Funds from operations

 

$

45,440

 

$

47,748

 

 

44



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Recent Developments

 

On February 28, 2003, we entered a transaction with Alterra Healthcare Corporation (“Alterra”) as follows:

 

                            We purchased from Alterra 18 assisted living facilities with 894 living units located in ten states.  The purchase price of $61.0 million was paid in cash drawn under our revolving bank credit facility.  Simultaneously with this purchase, we leased these properties to a subsidiary of Alterra for an initial term through 2017, plus renewal options.  The rent payable to us under this lease is $7.0 million per year plus increases starting in 2004 based upon increases in the gross revenues at the leased properties.

 

                            We provided mortgage financing to Alterra for six assisted living facilities with 202 living units located in two states.  The amount of this mortgage loan is $6.9 million.  The interest rate is 8% per year.  The maturity of this loan is June 30, 2004, but we expect it may be prepaid as Alterra sells the mortgaged properties.

 

As of March 14, 2003, Alterra sold one of the six mortgaged properties and the sales proceeds of approximately $850,000 were paid to us and applied as a reduction of the mortgage loan balance.  Alterra is a large publicly owned assisted living company.  Alterra filed for bankruptcy reorganization in January 2003.  Our investment in properties leased and mortgaged by Alterra was intended to help fund Alterra’s reorganization.  The Alterra Bankruptcy Court approved the terms of our investment with Alterra, and that approval included a decision that payments due to us under this lease and mortgage are accorded priority status under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

As discussed more fully in Item 3. “Legal Proceedings,” during 2002, we and Five Star became jointly involved in litigation with Marriott and MSLS, the operator of 31 of the senior living communities which we leased to Five Star beginning in 2002.  We believe that Marriott and MSLS have materially breached the management agreements for these 31 communities.  We also believe that the management agreements may be terminated if MSLS is sold to Sunrise.  Marriott announced that it had entered an agreement to sell MSLS to Sunrise on December 30, 2002.  However, the factual and legal issues involved in this litigation are complex and the final outcome of this litigation cannot be predicted.  Also, this litigation is likely to be expensive to conduct and the total amount of this expense cannot be estimated at this time.

 

Five Star has continued to pay rent for the 31 communities involved in this litigation.  If the management contracts are terminated, we believe Five Star would be able to operate the communities involved in this litigation.  We are unable to predict whether management of these communities by MSLS, and owned by Sunrise, would have a material adverse effect on the communities, or whether that management may adversely affect Five Star’s ability to pay rent.

 

45



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

On March 19, 2003, the SEC filed a complaint against HEALTHSOUTH, alleging that HEALTHSOUTH and certain of its officers committed fraud and violated several SEC regulations by overstating their historical earnings and assets.  Through the date of this report, HEALTHSOUTH is current in its payment obligations to us, but, at this time, we do not have sufficient information about the SEC allegations against HEALTHSOUTH to know what impact they may have on our lease.

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Our total assets at December 31, 2002, were $1.2 billion, compared to $867.3 million at December 31, 2001.  The increase is due primarily to $662.9 million of acquisitions in 2002, of which $350.0 million, was funded with cash that was held at December 31, 2001.

 

On January 11, 2002, we acquired 31 senior living communities.  The purchase price was $600.0 million and the total acquisition cost, after closing costs and purchase price adjustments, was $607.5 million.  The funding for this acquisition was as follows: $24.1 million of assumed debt; a $25.0 million purchase note; approximately $350.0 million from our available cash; and the balance from borrowings under our revolving bank credit facility.

 

In February 2002, we issued 15,000,000 common shares of beneficial interest, raising net proceeds of $195.2 million.   These net proceeds were used to repay the $25.0 million purchase note arising from our acquisition of 31 properties in January 2002, and the remainder was used to repay part of the borrowings outstanding under our revolving bank credit facility.

 

On June 27, 2002, we entered into a new revolving bank credit facility to replace our previous credit facility which was scheduled to mature in September 2002.  The new credit facility matures in November 2005 and may be extended by us to November 2006 upon the payment of an extension fee.  The new credit facility permits borrowings up to $250.0 million, which amount may be increased to $500.0 million in certain circumstances.  Drawings under the new credit facility are unsecured.  Funds may be drawn, repaid and redrawn until maturity, and no principal repayment is due until maturity.  The interest rates (2.95% at December 31, 2002) on borrowings under the new credit facility are calculated as spreads above LIBOR which vary with the amounts of our debt outstanding and credit ratings.  The new credit facility is available for acquisitions, working capital and for general business purposes.  As of December 31, 2002, $81.0 million was outstanding and $169.0 million was available for drawing under the new credit facility.

 

On October 25, 2002, we acquired nine senior living properties, containing 747 independent and assisted living units, for $62.9 million which was funded by borrowings under our revolving bank credit facility and cash on hand.  These properties are leased to Five Star through December 2019 for annual minimum rent of $6.3 million, plus percentage rent starting in 2005.

 

Funding for the Alterra transaction described above in Recent Developments was provided by our revolving bank credit facility.  As of March 14, 2003, $158.0 million was outstanding and $92.0 million was available for drawing under the new credit facility.

 

Funding for our current expenses and distributions to shareholders is provided primarily by our leasing operations.  Minimum rents are generally received monthly or quarterly from our tenants and percentage rents are received monthly, quarterly or annually.  We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, future cash from leasing activities and availability under our revolving bank credit facility will be sufficient to meet our short term and long term capital requirements.

 

46



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

To the extent we borrow on our revolving bank credit facility and as the maturity dates of our revolving bank credit facility and term debts approach over the longer term, we will explore alternatives for the repayment of amounts due.  Such alternatives may include incurring new debt and issuing new equity securities.  On January 30, 2002, our shelf registration statement for the issuance of up to $2.0 billion of equity and debt securities was declared effective by the SEC.  As of December 31, 2002, $1.8 billion was available under this effective shelf registration statement.  An effective shelf registration statement allows us to issue public securities on an expedited basis, but it does not assure that there will be buyers for such securities.  Although there can be no assurance that we will consummate any securities offering or other financing, we believe we will have access to various types of financing with which to finance acquisitions and to pay our debt and other obligations.

 

Debt and Trust Preferred Covenants

 

Our principal debt obligations at December 31, 2002, were our unsecured revolving bank credit facility and our $245.0 million of publicly held unsecured debt.  Our public debt is governed by an indenture.  This indenture and our bank credit agreement contain a number of financial ratio covenants which generally restrict our ability to incur debts, including debts secured by mortgages on our properties in excess of calculated amounts, require us to maintain a minimum net worth, as defined, restrict our ability to make distributions under certain circumstances and require us to maintain other ratios, as defined.  Our trust preferred securities are governed by an indenture which is generally less restrictive than the indenture governing our public debt and the terms of our revolving bank credit facility.  At December 31, 2002, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under our indentures and our credit agreement.

 

None of our indentures, our revolving bank credit facility or our other debt obligations contain provisions for acceleration or otherwise which would be triggered by a change in our debt ratings.  However, the interest rate payable under the revolving bank credit facility may change as our debt ratings change.  Our public debt indenture

contains cross default provisions to any other debts equal to or in excess of $10.0 million; and similarly, a default on any of our public indentures would constitute a default under our bank credit agreement.  As of December 31, 2002, we have no commercial paper, derivatives, swaps, hedges, joint ventures or partnerships.

 

Related Party Transactions

 

In 1999, HRPT distributed a majority of our shares to its shareholders of record on October 8, 1999.  In order to effect this spin-off and to govern relations after the spin-off, we entered into a transaction agreement with HRPT, pursuant to which it was agreed that so long as (i) HRPT remains a more than 10% shareholder of us; (ii) we and HRPT engage the same investment manager; or (iii) we and HRPT have one or more common managing trustees; then we will not invest in office buildings, including medical office buildings and clinical laboratory buildings, without the prior consent of HRPT’s independent trustees and HRPT will not invest in properties involving senior housing without the prior consent of our independent trustees.  If an investment involves both office and senior housing components, the character of the investment will be determined by building area, excluding common areas, unless our board and HRPT’s board otherwise agree at the time.  These provisions do not apply to any investments HRPT held at the time of the spin-off.  Also as part of the transaction agreement, we agreed to subject our ability to waive ownership restrictions contained in our charter to the consent of HRPT’s trustees so long as HRPT owns more than 9.8% of our outstanding voting or equity interest.

 

47



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

On December 31, 2001, we distributed substantially all of our shares of Five Star to our shareholders of record on December 17, 2001.  In order to effect this spin-off and to govern relations after the spin-off, we entered into agreements with Five Star, pursuant to which it was agreed that:

 

                  so long as Five Star is our tenant, Five Star will neither permit any person or group to acquire more than 9.8% of any class of Five Star’s voting stock or permit the occurrence of other change in control events, as defined, nor will Five Star take any action that, in the reasonable judgment of us or HRPT, might jeopardize the tax status of us or HRPT as a REIT;

 

                  we have the option, upon the acquisition by a person or group of more than 9.8% of Five Star’s voting stock and upon other change in control events of Five Star, as defined, to cancel all of Five Star’s rights under its leases with us;

 

                  so long as Five Star maintains its shared service agreement with RMR or is a tenant under a lease with us, Five Star will not acquire or finance any real estate without first giving us, HRPT, HPT or any other publicly owned real estate investment trust or other entity managed by RMR the opportunity to acquire or finance real estate investments of the type in which we, HRPT, HPT or any other publicly owned real estate investment trust or other entity managed by RMR, respectively, invest; and

 

                  upon our acquisition in 2002 of 31 senior living communities, Five Star would acquire operating assets and liabilities related to these 31 communities and begin to lease these 31 communities from us for minimum annual rent of $63.0 million.

 

All of the persons serving as directors of Five Star were trustees of Senior Housing at the time Five Star was spun-off from us.  Four of our current trustees are current directors of Five Star.

 

As of December 31, 2002, we lease 94 senior living communities to Five Star for total annual minimum rent of $76.2 million.  In the future, we may transact additional business with Five Star.  We believe that our current leases with Five Star were entered into on reasonable commercial terms.  However, because of the historical and continuing relationships which we have, these continuing and possibly expanding business relationships may not be arm’s length and may not be on the same or as favorable terms as we might enter with third parties whom we did not have such relationships.

 

During 2002, Five Star acquired seven senior living communities from a third party for $27.0 million.  Prior to their acquisition we waived our right to acquire these communities, subject to a continuing right to acquire or finance these properties in the event Five Star determines to sell or finance them.  To assist Five Star’s financing of this transaction, Five Star sold a senior living community to us, which Five Star purchased in April 2002 for $12.7 million, its approximate carrying value.  Simultaneous with Five Star’s acquisition of these seven senior living communities, we acquired eight other senior living communities from the same third party seller.  Five Star acquired operating assets and liabilities related to these eight communities.  Also, Five Star leased these eight communities and the community we purchased from Five Star for minimum annual rent of $6.3 million. The terms of this transaction with Five Star were negotiated on our behalf by our independent trustee who is not on the board of Five Star.

 

During 2002, we and Five Star became jointly involved in litigation with Marriott and MSLS, the operator of 31 of the senior living communities which we leased to Five Star beginning in 2002.  We and Five Star expect to share the costs of this litigation.

 

48



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

In March 2003, we terminated a lease for a nursing home facility in St. Joseph, Missouri and evicted the tenant, which was not current in its rent obligations to us.  Five Star has agreed to manage this nursing home until it is re-leased or sold.  Five Star will be paid a management fee of 5% of the gross revenues from this nursing home.

 

We have an agreement with Reit Management & Research LLC, or RMR, to provide investment, management and administrative services to us.  RMR is owned by Barry M. Portnoy and Gerard M. Martin, each a managing trustee and member of our board of trustees.  Each of our executive officers are also officers of RMR. Our independent trustees, including all of our trustees other than Messrs. Portnoy and Martin, review our contract with RMR at least annually and make determinations regarding its negotiation, renewal or termination.  Any termination of our contract with RMR would cause a default under our revolving bank credit facility, if not approved by a majority of lenders.  Our current contract term with RMR expires on December 31, 2003.  RMR is compensated at an annual rate equal to a percentage of our average real estate investments, as defined.  The percentage applied to our investments at the time we were spun-off from HRPT is 0.5%.  The annual compensation percentage for the first $250.0 million of investments made since our spin-off from HRPT is 0.7% and thereafter is 0.5%.  RMR may also earn an incentive fee based upon increases in funds from operations per share, as defined.  Incentive fees are paid in our common shares.

 

Until March 31, 1997, Mr. Portnoy was a partner of Sullivan & Worcester LLP, our counsel, and counsel to HPT, HRPT, RMR, Five Star and affiliates of each of the foregoing and he received payments from that firm during 2002 in respect of his retirement.

 

As a result of former tenant bankruptcies and settlements, we assumed operating responsibilities for healthcare facilities effective in July 2000.  Under tax laws and regulations applicable to REITs, we were required to engage a contractor to manage these properties after a 90 day transition period. We entered into management agreements with FSQ, Inc. to provide these services in 2000.  FSQ was owned by Messrs. Martin and Portnoy.  Under these management agreements, until September 2000 FSQ was paid its costs and expenses incurred in managing the facilities for us and thereafter it was paid a fee equal to 5% of patient revenues at the managed facilities.  As a result of the Five Star spin-off, we no longer have a relationship with FSQ.  In order for Five Star to acquire the personnel, systems and assets necessary to operate facilities which it leases from us, FSQ merged into a Five Star subsidiary and Five Star entered into a shared services agreement with RMR pursuant to which RMR agreed to provide services similar to the services previously provided by RMR to FSQ.  The FSQ merger into Five Star was concluded on January 2, 2002.  As a result of this merger, Messrs. Portnoy and Martin each received 125,000 shares of Five Star and Five Star assumed certain liabilities of FSQ which were incurred in FSQ prior operations.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our most critical accounting policies concern our investments in real property.  These policies affect our:

 

                  allocation of purchase prices between various asset categories and the related impact on our recognition of depreciation expense;

                  assessment of the carrying value of long-lived assets; and

                  classification of our leases.

 

49



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

These policies involve significant judgments based upon our experience, including judgments about current valuations, ultimate realizable value, estimated useful lives, salvage or residual values, the ability of our tenants and operators to perform their obligations to us, and the current and likely future operating and competitive environments in which our properties operate.  In the future we may need to revise our assessments to incorporate information which is not now known, and such revisions could increase or decrease our depreciation expense related to properties we own, result in the classification of our leases as other than operating leases or decrease the carrying values of our assets.

 

During 2000, we assumed the operations of nursing homes from bankrupt former tenants, pursuant to negotiated settlement agreements.  Although these settlements as approved by the Bankruptcy Courts had financial effect as of July 1, 2000, the implementation of these settlements was subject to material conditions subsequent, including our obtaining health care regulatory licenses and Medicare and Medicaid provider contracts necessary to operate these nursing homes.  Because the majority of the licenses and provider contracts had not been received prior to December 31, 2000, we reported the results of these nursing home operations using the equity method of accounting from July 1, 2000, through December 31, 2000. Net income from these nursing homes was reported as Other Real Estate Income in our Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2000. During the first quarter of 2001, we obtained substantially all of the healthcare regulatory licenses and Medicare and Medicaid provider agreements necessary for these nursing home operations, and we consolidated the nursing home operations effective January 1, 2001.  With respect to the consolidated facilities’ operations, our most critical accounting policies in 2001 involved revenue recognition and our assessment of the net realizable value of the facilities’ accounts receivable.  These policies involved significant judgments based upon our experience, including judgments about changes in governmental payment methodology, contract modifications and economic conditions that affect the collectibility of the facilities’ accounts receivable.  As a result of the Five Star spin-off, we no longer operate any facilities and we have not recognized any facilities’ operations revenues beginning January 1, 2002.  Also, the accounts receivable related to facilities’ operations were transferred to Five Star as part of the initial capitalization of Five Star.  As a result of this transfer, these receivables are not included on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2001.

 

Impact of Inflation

 

Inflation might have both positive and negative impacts upon us.  Inflation might cause the value of our real estate investments to increase.  In an inflationary environment, the percentage rents which we receive based upon a percentage of our tenants’ revenues should increase.  Offsetting these benefits, inflation might cause our costs of equity and debt capital and other operating costs to increase.  An increase in our capital costs or in our operating costs will result in decreased earnings unless it is offset by increased revenues.  In periods of rapid inflation, our tenants’ operating costs may increase faster than revenues and this fact may have an adverse impact upon us if our tenants’ operating income from our properties becomes insufficient to pay our rent.  To mitigate the adverse impact of increased operating costs at our leased properties, we generally require our tenants to guarantee our rent.  To mitigate the adverse impact of increased costs of debt capital in the event of material inflation, we previously have purchased interest rate cap agreements and we may enter into similar interest rate hedge arrangements in the future.  The decision to enter into these agreements was and will be based on the amount of floating rate debt outstanding, our belief that material interest rate increases are likely to occur and upon requirements of our borrowing arrangements.

 

51



Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Impact of Government Reimbursement

 

Approximately 82% of our rents come from properties where approximately 85% or more of the operating revenues are derived from residents who pay from their own private resources.  Of the remaining 18% of our rents which come from properties where the revenues are heavily dependent upon Medicare and Medicaid programs, the operations of these properties currently produce sufficient cash flow to support our rent.  However, as discussed above in “Business – Government Regulation and Reimbursement”, we expect that Medicare and Medicaid rates paid to our tenants may not increase in amounts sufficient to pay our tenants’ increased operating costs, or that they may even decline.  Also, the hospitals we lease to HEALTHSOUTH are heavily dependent upon Medicare revenues.  As discussed above in Recent Developments, recent reports of possible erroneous financial statements by HEALTHSOUTH have called into question whether those hospitals in fact produce sufficient revenues to pay our rent.  We cannot predict whether our tenants which are affected by Medicare and Medicaid rates will be able to continue to pay their rent obligations if these expected circumstances occur and persist for an extended period.

 

Seasonality

 

Nursing home and assisted living operations have historically reflected modest seasonality.  During calendar fourth quarter holiday period’s residents at such facilities are sometimes discharged to join in family celebrations and admission decisions are often deferred.  The first quarter of each calendar year usually coincides with increased illness among residents which can result in increased costs or discharges to hospitals.  As a result of these factors and others, these operations sometimes produce greater earnings in the second and third quarters of each calendar year and lesser earnings in the fourth and first calendar quarters.  We do not expect these seasonal differences to have a material impact upon the ability of our tenants to pay our rent.

 

52



 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We are exposed to risks associated with market changes in interest rates.  We manage our exposure to this market risk through our monitoring of available financing alternatives.  Our strategy to manage exposure to changes in interest rates is unchanged since December 31, 2001.  Other than as described below we do not now anticipate any significant changes in our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates or in how we manage this exposure in the future.

 

At December 31, 2002, our outstanding debt included $245.0 million of 8 5/8% senior unsecured notes due in 2012.  The interest on these notes is payable semi-annually.  No principal payments are due under these notes until maturity.  Because these notes bear interest at a fixed rate, changes in market interest rates during the term of this debt will not affect our operating results.  If at maturity these notes are refinanced at interest rates which are 10% higher than the current rate, our per annum interest cost would increase by approximately $2.1 million.  We are allowed to make prepayments on these senior notes at par plus a make whole premium, as defined.  These prepayment rights may afford us the opportunity to mitigate the risk of refinancing at maturity.

 

Changes in market interest rates also affect the fair value of our debt obligations; increases in market interest rates decrease the fair value of our fixed rate debt, while decreases in market interest rates increase the fair value of our fixed rate debt.  Our total fixed rate debt obligations outstanding at December 31, 2002, was $259.7 million, including the $245.0 million of 8 5/8% notes due in 2012 and mortgage notes totaling $14.7 million due in 2017.  A hypothetical immediate one percentage point increase in interest rates would decrease the fair value of all our fixed rated debt obligations by approximately $16.2 million.

 

At December 31, 2002, we had $27.4 million of trust preferred securities outstanding, the dividends on which are dependent upon our making required payments on our 10.125% junior subordinated debentures due 2041.  No principal repayments are due on the debentures until maturity.  If the debentures were to be refinanced at interest rates which are 10% higher than the current rate, our per annum interest cost would increase $277,000.  Our trust preferred securities are listed on the NYSE and their market value is principally determined by supply and demand factors.  The market price, if any, of our debentures as of December 31, 2002, may be sensitive to changes in interest rates, similar to our unsecured senior notes discussed above.  Based on the balance outstanding at December 31, 2002, and discounted cash flow analysis through the maturity date of the trust preferred securities, a hypothetical immediate one percentage point increase or decrease in interest rates would decrease or increase the fair value of our fixed rate debentures by approximately $2.5 million, respectively.  Our debentures have provisions that allow us to make repayments earlier than the stated maturity date.  These prepayment rights may afford us the opportunity to mitigate the risk of refinancing at maturity at higher rates by refinancing at lower rates prior to maturity.  Our ability to prepay the debentures at par, beginning June 15, 2006, will also effect the change in the fair value of the debentures which would result from a change in interest rates.  For example, discounted cash flow analysis of a one percentage point increase or decrease in interest rates calculated from December 31, 2002, to the first par prepayment option date for our trust preferred securities would decrease or increase the value of those securities by $835,000, respectively.

 

                Our unsecured revolving bank credit facility bears interest at floating rates and matures in November 2005.  As of December 31, 2002, we had $81.0 million outstanding and $169.0 million available for drawing under our revolving bank credit facility.  We borrow in U.S. dollars and borrowings under our revolving bank credit facility are subject to interest at LIBOR plus a premium.  Accordingly, we are vulnerable to changes in U.S. dollar based short term rates, specifically LIBOR.  A change in interest rates would not affect the value of this floating rate debt but would affect our operating results.  For example, the interest rate payable on our outstanding indebtedness of $81.0 million at December 31, 2002, was 2.95% per annum.  The following table shows the impact a 10% change in interest rates would have on our interest expense for the floating rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2002:

 

 

 

Interest
Rate Per
Year

 

Outstanding
Debt

 

Total
Interest
Expense
Per Year

 

At December 31, 2002

 

2.95%

 

$

81,000

 

$

2,390

 

10% reduction

 

2.65%

 

$

81,000

 

$

2,147

 

10% increase

 

3.25%

 

$

81,000

 

$

2,633

 

 

53


 


 

 

The foregoing table shows the impact of an immediate change in floating interest rates.  If interest rates were to change gradually over time, the impact would be spread over time.  Our exposure to fluctuations in floating interest rates has increased since December 31, 2002, and it may increase further in the future if we incur debt to fund acquisitions or otherwise.

 

Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

The information required by this item is included in Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

We have had no changes in or disagreements with our accountants on accounting and financial disclosure.

 

PART III

 

Items 10.  Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

The information required by Item 10 is incorporated by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

 

Items 11.  Executive Compensation

 

The information required by Item 11 is incorporated by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

 

Items 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information.  Under our 1999 Incentive Share Award Plan, we grant common shares to our officers and other employees of RMR, subject to vesting requirements, based on annual performance reviews.  In addition, under this plan, our independent trustees receive 500 shares per year each as part of their annual compensation for serving as our trustees.  Payments by us to RMR are described in Item 7., “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources – Related Party Transactions”.  The following table provides a summary as of December 31, 2002, of our 1999 Incentive Share Award Plan.

 

54



Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Managment and Related Stockholer Matters

 

 

 

Number of
securities to be issued
upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)

 

Weighted-
average exercise price
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)

 

Number of
securities remaining
available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(c)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 

None.

 

None.

 

1,257,100

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 

None.

 

None.

 

None.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

None.

 

None.

 

1,257,100

 

 

The remainder of the information required by Item 12 is incorporated by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

 

Items 13.     Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder

 

The information required by Item 13 is incorporated by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement, which will be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

 

 

55



 

Item 14. Controls and Procedures

 

(a)           Within the 90 days prior to the date of this report, management of the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Managing Trustees, President and Chief Operating Officer and Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(c) and 15d-14(c).  Based upon that evaluation, our Managing Trustees, President and Chief Operating Officer and Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information required to be included in our periodic SEC filings.

 

(b)           There have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect those controls since the Company's evaluation of these controls, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

 

(a)           Index to Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules

 

The following consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules of Senior Housing Properties Trust are included on the pages indicated:

 

Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2001

Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Schedule III – Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2002

 

All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions, or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.

 

(b)           Reports on Form 8-K

 

During the fourth quarter of 2002, we filed the following Current Report on Form 8-K:

 

(i)                                     Current Report on Form 8-K, dated November 29, 2002, relating to (1) our notice of termination of management contracts with MSLS and (2) the commencement of a lawsuit against Marriott and MSLS (Items 5 and 7).

 

(c)           Exhibits

 

 

56



 

3.1                              Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated September 20, 1999.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999.)

 

3.2                                 Articles Supplementary dated May 11, 2000.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000.)

 

3.3                                 Articles of Amendment to the Company’s Declaration of Trust, dated February 13, 2002.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 13, 2002.)

 

3.4                                 Amended and Restated Bylaws, dated March 14, 2003.  (Filed herewith.)

 

4.1                                 Form of common share certificate.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.)

 

4.2                                 Junior Subordinated Indenture between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company as trustee, dated June 21, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001.)

 

4.3                                 Supplemental Indenture No. 1 by and between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company as trustee, dated June 21, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001.)

 

4.4                                 Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among SNH Capital Trust Holdings as sponsor, State Street Bank and Trust Company as property trustee and the regular trustees named therein relating to SNH Capital Trust I, dated June 21, 2001. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001.)

 

4.5                                 Guarantee Agreement between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company as trustee, dated June 21, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001.)

 

4.6                                 Agreement as to Expenses and Liabilities between the Company and SNH Capital Trust I, dated June 21, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001.)

 

4.7                                 Indenture, dated as of December 20, 2001, between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-76588.)

 

4.8                                 Supplemental Indenture No. 1, dated December 20, 2001, by and between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 13, 2002.)

 

4.9.                              Supplemental Indenture No. 2, dated December 28, 2001, by and between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 13, 2002.)

 

8.1                                 Opinion of Sullivan & Worcester LLP as to certain tax matters.  (Filed herewith.)

 

57



 

10.1                           Advisory Agreement, dated as of October 12, 1999, between the Company and REIT Management & Research, Inc. (+)  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999.)

 

10.2                           1999 Incentive Share Award Plan. (+)  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.3                           Credit Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2002, by and among the Company, Wachovia Bank National Association, as Agent and the other financial institutions signatory thereto.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2002.)

 

10.4                           Transaction Agreement, dated September 21, 1999, between HRPT Properties Trust and the Company.  (Incorporated by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 26, 1999 by HRPT Properties Trust.)

 

10.5                           Representative Lease for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.6                           Representative Guaranty of Tenant Obligations, dated as of October 8, 1993, by Marriott International, Inc. in favor of HMC Retirement Properties, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.7                        Representative First Amendment to Lease for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.8                        Representative Assignment and Assumption of Leases, Guarantees and Permits for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.9                        Representative Second Amendment of Lease for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

58



 

10.10      Representative First Amendment of Guaranty by Marriott International, Inc., dated as of May 16, 1994, in favor of HMC Retirement Properties, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.11      Assignment of Lease, dated as of June 16, 1994, by HMC Retirement Properties, Inc. in favor of Health and Rehabilitation Properties Trust.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.12      Third Amendment to Facilities Lease, dated as of June 30, 1994, between HMC Retirement Properties, Inc. and Marriott Senior Living Services, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11, File No. 333-69703.)

 

10.13                  Third Amendment of Lease, dated August 4, 2000, between SPTMRT Properties Trust and Marriott Senior Living Services, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.)

 

10.14                  Representative Fourth Amendment of Lease for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.)

 

10.15                  Representative Fifth Amendment of Lease for properties leased to subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.)

 

10.16                  Letter Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2000, amending Settlement Agreement dated as of March 20, 2000, among the Company, SPTMNR Properties Trust, Five Star Quality Care, Inc., SHOPCO-AZ, LLC, SHOPCO-CA, LLC, SHOPCO-COLORADO, LLC, SHOPCO-WI, LLC, Mariner Post-Acute Network, Inc., Grancare, Inc., AMS Properties, Inc. and GCI Health Care Centers, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

10.17      Interim Management Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2000, among Mariner Post-Acute Network, Inc., AMS Properties, Inc., GCI Health Care Centers, Inc., SHOPCO-AZ, LLC, SHOPCO-CA, LLC, SHOPCO-COLORADO, LLC, SHOPCO-WI, LLC and Five Star Quality Care, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

59



 

10.18      Amended and Restated Lease Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2000, between HRES1 Properties Trust and IHS Acquisition 135, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

10.19      Guaranty, dated as of January 1, 2000, made by Integrated Health Services, Inc. in favor of HRES1 Properties Trust.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

10.20      Settlement Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2000, among the Company, SPTIHS Properties Trust, HRES1 Properties Trust, HRES2 Properties Trust, SHOPCO-COLORADO, LLC, SHOPCO-CT, LLC, SHOPCO-GA, LLC, SHOPCO-IA, LLC, SHOPCO-KS, LLC, SHOPCO-MA, LLC, SHOPCO-MI, LLC, SHOPCO-MO, LLC, SHOPCO-NE, LLC, SHOPCO-WY, LLC, SNH-NEBRASKA, INC., SNH-IOWA, INC., SNH-MASSACHUSETTS, INC., SNH-MICHIGAN, INC., Five Star Quality Care, Inc., Advisors Healthcare Group, Inc., Integrated Health Services, Inc., Community Care of America, Inc., ECA Holdings, Inc., Community Care of Nebraska, Inc., W.S.T. Care, Inc., Quality Care of Lyons, Inc., CCA Acquisition I, Inc., MARIETTA/SCC, Inc., Glenwood/SCC, Inc., Dublin/SCC, Inc., College Park/SCC, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 108, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 112, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 113, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 135, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 148, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 152, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 153, Inc., IHS Acquisition 154, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 155, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 175, Inc., Integrated Health Services at Grandview Care Center, Inc., ECA Properties, Inc., CCA of Midwest, Inc. and Quality Care of Columbus, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000.)

 

10.21      Amendment to Settlement Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2000, among Integrated Health Services, Inc., Community Inc., Community Care of America, Inc., ECA Holdings, Inc., Community Care of Nebraska, Inc., W.S.T. Care, Inc., Quality Care of Lyons, Inc., CCA Acquisition I, Inc., Marietta/SCC, Inc., Glenwood/SCC, Inc., Dublin/SCC, Inc., College Park/SCC, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 108, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 112, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 113, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 135, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 148, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 152, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 153, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 154, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 155, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 175, Inc., Integrated Health Services at Grandview Care Center, Inc., ECA Properties, Inc., CCA of Midwest, Inc., Quality Care of Columbus, Inc., the Company, SPTIHS Properties Trust, HRES1 Properties Trust, HRES2 Properties Trust, SHOPCO-COLORADO, LLC, SHOPCO-CT, LLC, SHOPCO-GA, LLC, SHOPCO-IA, LLC, SHOPCO-KS, LLC, SHOPCO-MA, LLC, SHOPCO-MI, LLC, SHOPCO- 11 MO, LLC, SHOPCO-NE, LLC, SHOPCO-WY, LLC, SNH-Nebraska, Inc., SNH-Iowa, Inc., SNH-Massachusetts, Inc., SNH-Michigan, Inc., Advisors Healthcare Group, Inc. and Five Star Quality Care, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

10.22      Order of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, dated July 7, 2000, in re: Integrated Health Services, Inc., et al., Debtors.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

10.23      Management and Servicing Agreement, dated as of July 10, 2000, among Integrated Health Services, Inc., ECA Holdings, Inc., ECA Properties, Inc., Community Care of Nebraska, Inc., W.S.T. Care, Inc., Quality Care of Lyons, Inc., Integrated Health Services at Grandview Care Center, Inc., Quality Care of Columbus, Inc., Marietta/SCC, Inc., Glenwood/SCC, Inc., Dublin/SCC, Inc., College Park/SCC, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 112, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 113, Inc., IHS Acquisition No. 175, Inc., the Company, Five Star Quality Care, Inc., SHOPCO-COLORADO, LLC, SHOPCO-CT, LLC, SHOPCO-GA, LLC, SHOPCO-IA, LLC, SHOPCO-KS, LLC, SHOPCO-MI, LLC, SHOPCO-MO, LLC, SHOPCO-NE, LLC, SHOPCO-WY, LLC and Advisors Healthcare Group, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000.)

 

60



 

 

 

10.24      Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 9, 2001, among the Company, SNH/CSL Properties Trust, Crestline Capital Corporation and CSL Group, Inc., including forms of Promissory Note, Escrow Agreement and Tax Allocation Agreement.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 1, 2001.)

 

10.25      Amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement among the Company, SNH/CSL Properties Trust, Crestline Capital Corporation and CSL Group, Inc., dated November 5, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 7, 2001.)

 

10.26      Transaction Agreement, dated December 7, 2001 by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company party thereto, Five Star Quality Care, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Five Star Quality Care, Inc. party thereto, FSQ, Inc., Hospitality Properties Trust, HRPT Properties Trust and Reit Management & Research LLC.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 17, 2001.)

 

10.27      Agreement of Merger, dated December 5, 2001 among Five Star Quality Care, Inc., FSQ, Inc. Acquisition, Inc. and FSQ, Inc.,  (Incorporated by reference the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 17, 2001.)

 

10.28      Master Lease Agreement by and among certain affiliates of the Company, as Landlords, and Five Star Quality Care Trust, as Tenant, dated December 31, 2001.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 8-K filed January 24, 2002.)

 

10.29      Guaranty Agreement made by Five Star Quality Care, Inc., as Guarantor, for the benefit of certain affiliates of the Company, dated December 31,  2001, relating to the Maser Lease Agreement by and among certain affiliates of the Company, as Landlord, and Five Star Quality Care Trust, as Tenant, dated December 31, 2001. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 8-K filed January 24, 2002.)

 

10.30      Amended Master Lease Agreement by and among certain affiliates of the Company, as Landlords, and FS Tenant Holding Company Trust, as Tenant, dated January 11, 2002.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 8-K filed January 24, 2002.)

 

10.31      First Amendment to Amended Master Lease Agreement by and among certain affiliates of the Company, as Landlord, and FS Tenant Holding Company Trust and FS Tenant Pool III Trust as Tenant, dated October 1, 2002.  (Filed herewith).

 

10.32      Guaranty Agreement made by Five Star Quality Care, Inc., as Guarantor, for the benefit of certain affiliates of the Company, dated January 11, 2002, relating to the Amended Master Lease Agreement by and among certain affiliates of the Company, as Landlord, and FS Tenant Holding Company Trust and FS Tenant Pool III Trust, as Tenant, dated January 11, 2002.  (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on 8-K filed January 24, 2002.)

 

61



 

 

12.1                        Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.  (Filed herewith.)

 

21.1                        List of Subsidiaries.  (Filed herewith.)

 

23.1                        Consent of Sullivan & Worcester LLP.  (Contained In Exhibit 8.1.)

 

23.2                        Consent of Ernst and Young LLP. (Filed herewith.)

 

99.1                        Certification Required by 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002). (Filed herewith.)

 

 


(+)                                 Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

 

62



 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

 

To the Trustees and Shareholders of Senior Housing Properties Trust

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Senior Housing Properties Trust, as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002.  Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 14(a).  These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated

financial position of Senior Housing Properties Trust as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the

consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

 

 

 

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

 

 

February 7, 2003

 

 

except for Note 15, as to which

 

 

date is March 19, 2003

 

 

 

F-1



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate properties, at cost:

 

 

 

 

 

Land

 

$

145,037

 

$

59,308

 

Buildings and improvements

 

1,093,450

 

533,891

 

 

 

1,238,487

 

593,199

 

Less accumulated depreciation

 

125,039

 

124,252

 

 

 

1,113,448

 

468,947

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

8,654

 

352,026

 

Restricted cash

 

12,364

 

10,201

 

Investments

 

8,288

 

8,841

 

Deferred financing fees, net

 

9,512

 

6,578

 

Due from affiliate

 

 

3,275

 

Other assets

 

5,934

 

17,435

 

Total assets

 

$

1,158,200

 

$

867,303

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Unsecured revolving bank credit facility

 

$

81,000

 

$

 

Senior unsecured notes due 2012, net of discount

 

243,746

 

243,607

 

Secured debt and capital leases

 

32,618

 

9,100

 

Prepaid rent

 

7,342

 

7,114

 

Security deposits

 

1,585

 

1,520

 

Accrued interest

 

9,962

 

745

 

Other liabilities

 

1,575

 

2,932

 

Due to affiliate

 

652

 

267

 

Total liabilities

 

378,480

 

265,285

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trust preferred securities

 

27,394

 

27,394

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value:
62,000,000 shares authorized, 58,436,900 and 43,421,700 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively

 

584

 

434

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

853,637

 

658,348

 

Cumulative net income

 

105,875

 

55,691

 

Cumulative distributions

 

(209,304

)

(141,936

)

Unrealized gain on investments

 

1,534

 

2,087

 

Total shareholders’ equity

 

752,326

 

574,624

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

1,158,200

 

$

867,303

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

F-2



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rental income

 

$

115,560

 

$

47,430

 

$

64,377

 

FF&E reserve income

 

5,345

 

 

 

Facilities’ operations

 

 

224,867

 

 

Other real estate income

 

 

 

2,630

 

Interest and other income

 

1,392

 

2,347

 

1,520

 

Gain on foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

 

7,105

 

Total revenues

 

122,297

 

274,644

 

75,632

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest

 

27,399

 

5,879

 

15,366

 

Depreciation

 

31,596

 

19,351

 

20,064

 

Facilities’ operations

 

 

217,910

 

 

General and administrative:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-   Recurring

 

8,478

 

4,129

 

5,475

 

-   Related to foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

4,167

 

3,519

 

Five Star spin-off costs

 

 

3,732

 

 

Total

 

67,473

 

255,168

 

44,424

 

Income from continuing operations before distributions on trust preferred securities and gain on sale of properties

 

54,824

 

19,476

 

31,208

 

Distributions on trust preferred securities

 

2,811

 

1,455

 

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

52,013

 

18,021

 

31,208

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

(1,829

)

(1,003

)

(186

)

Gain on sale of properties

 

 

 

27,415

 

Net income

 

$

50,184

 

$

17,018

 

$

58,437

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

56,416

 

30,859

 

25,958

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

$

0.92

 

$

0.58

 

$

1.20

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

$

(0.03

)

$

(0.03

)

$

(.01

)

Net income

 

$

0.89

 

$

0.55

 

$

2.25

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

F-3



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Common
Shares

 

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Cumulative
Net Income
(Loss)

 

Cumulative
Distributions

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income

 

Totals

 

Balance at December 31, 1999

 

26,001,500

 

$

260

 

$

444,511

 

$

(19,764)

 

$

(15,601

)

$

 

$

409,406

 

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

58,437

 

 

 

58,437

 

Unrealized gain oninvestments

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,063

 

1,063

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

58,437

 

 

1,063

 

59,500

 

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

(46,722

)

 

(46,722

)

Cancellation of shares

 

(100,000

)

(1

)

1

 

 

 

 

 

Stock grants

 

14,600

 

 

126

 

 

 

 

126

 

Balance at December 31, 2000

 

25,916,100

 

259

 

444,638

 

38,673

 

(62,323

)

1,063

 

422,310

 

Comprehensive Income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

17,018

 

 

 

17,018

 

Unrealized gain oninvestments

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,024

 

1,024

 

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

17,018

 

 

1,024

 

18,042

 

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

(29,613

)

 

(29,613

)

Distribution of Five Star Quality Care, Inc. shares

 

 

 

 

 

(50,000

)

 

(50,000

)

Issuance of shares

 

17,492,000

 

175

 

213,534

 

 

 

 

213,709

 

Stock grants

 

13,600

 

 

176

 

 

 

 

176

 

Balance at December 31, 2001

 

43,421,700

 

434

 

658,348

 

55,691

 

(141,936

2,087

 

574,624

 

Comprehensive Income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

50,184

 

 

 

50,184

 

Unrealized loss on investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

(553

)

(553

)

Total comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

50,184

 

 

(553

)

49,631

 

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

(67,368

)

 

(67,368

)

Issuance of shares

 

15,000,000

 

150

 

195,060

 

 

 

 

195,210

 

Stock grants

 

15,200

 

 

229

 

 

 

 

229

 

Balance at December 31, 2002

 

58,436,900

 

$

584

 

$

853,637

 

$

105,875

 

$

(209,304

)

$

1,534

 

$

752,326

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

F-4



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

50,184

 

$

17,018

 

$

58,437

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other real estate income

 

 

 

(2,630

)

Depreciation

 

31,596

 

19,351

 

20,064

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

1,829

 

1,003

 

186

 

Amortization of deferred finance costs and debt discounts

 

1,324

 

 

 

FF&E reserve income

 

(5,345

)

 

 

Gain on sale of properties

 

 

 

(27,415

)

Gain on foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

 

(7,105

)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash

 

(3,955

)

(9,400

)

(47

)

Other assets

 

11,730

 

(3,737

)

339

 

Prepaid rent

 

228

 

7,058

 

(7,612

)

Accrued interest

 

9,217

 

(369

)

22

 

Other liabilities

 

(1,359

)

(13,774

)

(2,902

)

Due to affiliate

 

387 3,275

 

254 —

 

(314

)

Due from affiliate

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash provided by operating activities

 

99,111

 

17,404

 

31,023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from sale of real estate, net

 

728

 

 

135,178

 

Real estate and personal property acquisitions

 

(622,462

)

(2,176

)

(2,300

)

Security deposits

 

65

 

1,285

 

 

Cash contribution to Five Star in connection with spin-off

 

 

(24,943

)

 

Investment in facilities’ operations

 

 

 

(38,530

)

Cash (used for) provided by investing activities

 

(621,669

)

(25,834

)

94,348

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net

 

195,210

 

213,709

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of senior notes, net of discount

 

 

243,607

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of trust preferred securities

 

 

27,394

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of mortgages payable

 

9,100

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from borrowings on revolving bank credit facility

 

415,000

 

43,000

 

49,000

 

Repayments of borrowings on revolving bank credit facility

 

(334,000

)

(140,000

)

(152,000

)

Repayment of debt

 

(25,537

)

 

 

Deferred financing fees

 

(4,119

)

(6,659

)

 

Distributions to shareholders

 

(67,368

)

(37,388

)

(38,947

)

Cash provided by (used for) financing activities

 

179,186

 

352,763

 

(141,947

)

(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

(343,372

)

344,333

 

(16,576

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

352,026

 

515

 

17,091

 

Cash and cash equivalents at facilities’ operations at beginning of period

 

 

7,178

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

8,654

 

$

352,026

 

$

515

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

F-5



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

$

18,182

 

$

6,248

 

$

15,344

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt assumed in acquisition

 

49,055

 

 

 

Real estate acquired in a property exchange

 

(43,308

)

 

 

Real estate disposed of in a property exchange, net

 

43,308

 

 

 

Capital expenditure deposits in restricted cash

 

5,345

 

 

 

Purchases of fixed assets with restricted cash

 

(7,137

)

 

 

Net working capital contributed to Five Star in connection with spin-off

 

 

22,153

 

 

Real estate and related property received

 

 

 

(27,869

)

Real estate and related property conveyed, net

 

 

2,904

 

10,759

 

Real estate mortgage receivable conveyed, net

 

 

 

4,277

 

Real estate mortgages receivable foreclosed

 

 

 

17,779

 

Shares of HRPT Properties Trust received

 

 

 

6,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares

 

229

 

176

 

126

 

 

F-6



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Note 1.  Organization

 

Senior Housing Properties Trust (the “Company”) is a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”) which invests in senior housing real estate, including apartment buildings for aged residents, independent living properties, assisted living facilities and nursing homes.  At December 31, 2002, the Company owned 119 properties in 29 states all of which were leased to tenants.

 

Note 2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION.  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries.  All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

 

During 2000, the Company assumed the operations of nursing homes from bankrupt former tenants, pursuant to negotiated settlement agreements.  Although these settlements, as approved by the Bankruptcy Courts, had financial effect as of July 1, 2000, the implementation of these settlements was subject to material conditions subsequent, including the Company’s obtaining healthcare regulatory licenses and Medicare and Medicaid provider contracts necessary to operate these nursing homes.  Because the majority of the licenses and provider contracts had not been received prior to December 31, 2000, the Company reported the results of these nursing home operations using the equity method of accounting from July 1, 2000, through December 31, 2000.  Net income from these nursing homes was reported as Other Real Estate Income in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2000.  During the first quarter of 2001, the Company obtained substantially all of the healthcare regulatory licenses and Medicare and Medicaid provider agreements necessary for these nursing home operations.  Accordingly, the Company consolidated the nursing home operations effective January 1, 2001 and recognized facilities’ operations revenues and expenses.  On December 31, 2001, the Company distributed substantially all of its ownership of Five Star Quality Care, Inc. (“Five Star”), one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries which operated these facilities prior to that date for the Company’s account, to the Company’s shareholders (the “Five Star Spin-Off”).  At the time of the Five Star Spin-Off, the Company entered a lease with Five Star for facilities previously operated by Five Star for the Company’s account.  Subsequent to the Five Star Spin-Off, the Company recognizes only rental income from these operations.

 

Under a lease with Five Star for 31 communities acquired in January 2002, periodic deposits based on a percentage of the gross revenue at the leased properties are made into escrow accounts as a capital expenditure reserve.  Through September 30, 2002, these escrow accounts were owned by the Company, but controlled by Five Star and Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”), as manager of these 31 communities.  Payments into these escrow accounts through September 30, 2002, were reported by the Company as FF&E reserve income.  As a result of an amendment to this lease on October 1, 2002, these escrow accounts are owned by Five Star and the Company has security and remainder interests in these accounts and in property purchased with funding from these accounts.  Effective October 1, 2002, the Company no longer has any FF&E reserve income.  The amount of funding in these escrow accounts will not be changed and all of the escrowed funds will continue to be used for capital expenditures at these leased properties.

 

REAL ESTATE PROPERTIES.  Depreciation on real estate properties is expensed on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of up to 40 years for buildings and improvements and up to 12 years for personal property.

 

F-7



 

Management regularly evaluates whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could indicate an impairment in the value of long-lived assets.  If there is an indication that the carrying value of an asset is not recoverable, management estimates the projected undiscounted cash flows of the related individual properties (the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows independent of other assets included in the same lease group) to determine if an impairment loss should be recognized.  The amount of impairment loss is determined by comparing the historical carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value.  Estimated fair value is determined through an evaluation of recent financial performance and projected discounted cash flows of properties using standard industry valuation techniques.  In additional to consideration of impairment upon the events or changes in circumstances described above, management regularly evaluates the remaining lives of its long-lived assets.  If estimated lives are changed, the carrying value of affected assets is allocated over the remaining lives.

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS.  Cash and cash equivalents, consisting of overnight repurchase agreements and short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase, are carried at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates market.

 

RESTRICTED CASH.  Restricted cash consists of a $9.2 million bank certificate of deposit which matures in July 2003 pledged as security for a $9.1 million mortgage debt plus amounts escrowed for capital expenditures at certain of the Company’s leased properties.

 

INVESTMENTS.  The Company owns 1,000,000 common shares of HRPT Properties Trust (“HRPT”) which are classified as available for sale and carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.  The Company also owns 35,000 common shares of Five Star which it retained or received in connection with the Five Star Spin-Off (see Note 6).  The Unrealized Gain On Investments shown on the Consolidated Balance Sheets represents the difference between HRPT’s and Five Star’s quoted market prices on the date they were acquired ($6.50 and $7.26 per share, respectively) and on December 31, 2002 ($8.24 and $1.37 per share, respectively).  At December 31, 2002, the Company’s investment in HRPT had a fair value of $8.2 million and unrealized holding gains of $1.7 million.  At February 7, 2003, this investment had a fair value of $8.4 million and unrealized holding gains of $1.9 million.  At December 31, 2002, the Company’s investment in Five Star had a fair value of $47,950 and an unrealized holding loss of $206,150.  At February 7, 2003, this investment had a fair value of $45,850 and an unrealized holding loss of $208,250.

 

DEFERRED FINANCE COSTS.  Issuance costs related to borrowings are capitalized and amortized over the terms of the respective loans.  The unamortized balance of deferred finance costs and accumulated amortization were $10.8 million and $1.3 million and $6.6 million and $81,000 at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.   The weighted average amortization period is approximately 11 years.  The amortization expense to be incurred over the next five years as of December 31, 2002 is $1.7 million in 2003, $1.6 million in 2004, $1.4 million in 2005, $610,000 in 2006 and $610,000 in 2007.

 

REVENUE RECOGNITION.  Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of lease agreements.  Interest income is recognized as earned over the terms of real estate mortgages.  Percentage rents and supplemental mortgage interest income are recognized as earned in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements”.  For the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, percentage rents and supplemental mortgage interest income aggregated $3.2 million, $3.2 million, and $3.0 million, respectively.

 

F-8



 

 

 

In 2001, revenues from facilities’ operations were derived primarily from providing healthcare services to residents.  Approximately 76% of 2001 revenues were derived from payments under federal and state medical assistance programs.  The Company accrued for revenues when services were provided at standard charges adjusted to amounts estimated to be received under governmental programs and other third-party contractual arrangements.  However, as a result of the Five Star Spin-Off, beginning January 1, 2002, the Company no longer operates any facilities and does not recognize any facilities’ operations revenues.

 

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE.  Earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.  The Company has no common share equivalents, instruments convertible into common shares or other dilutive instruments.

 

USE OF ESTIMATES.  Preparation of these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the amounts reported in these financial statements and related notes.  The actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

INCOME TAXES.  The Company qualifies as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Accordingly, the Company is not expected to be subject to federal income taxes provided it distributes its taxable income and continues to meet the other requirements for qualifying as a real estate investment trust.  However, the Company is subject to some state and local taxes on its income and property.  The characterization of the distributions made in 2002, 2001 and 2000 was 62.32%, 48.51% and 12.95% ordinary income, respectively, 37.68%, 51.49% and 0% return of capital, respectively and 0%, 0% and 87.05% (of which, 30.1% was unrecaptured depreciation) capital gain, respectively.

 

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS.  In 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued SFAS No. 141 “Business Combinations” (“FAS141”), SFAS No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“FAS 142”) and SFAS No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“FAS 144”).  The Company’s adoption of FAS 141, FAS 142 and FAS 144 on January 1, 2002, had no effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations at that time.  In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145 “Rescission of FASB Statements No. 44 and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections” (“FAS 145”).  The provisions of this standard eliminate the requirement that a gain or loss from the extinguishment of debt be classified as an extraordinary item, unless it can be considered unusual in nature and infrequent in occurrence.  The Company will implement FAS 145 on January 1, 2003, which implementation is currently expected to have no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

RECLASSIFICATIONS.  Reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ financial statements to conform to the current year’s presentation.

 

F-9



 

Note 3.   Real Estate Properties

 

The Company’s properties are generally leased on a triple net basis, pursuant to noncancellable, fixed term, operating leases expiring between 2003 and 2019.  Most leases to a single tenant or group of affiliated tenants are cross-defaulted and cross-guaranteed, and provide for all-or-none tenant renewal options at existing or market rent rates.  These triple net leases generally require the lessee to pay all property operating costs.  The cost, after impairment write downs, and the carrying value of the properties leased were $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2002, respectively.  The future minimum lease payments to be received during the current terms of the Company’s leases as of December 31, 2002, are $119.9 million in 2003, $120.0 million in 2004, $120.0 million in 2005, $117.6 million in 2006, $117.6 million in 2007 and $1.0 billion thereafter.

 

On January 2, 2002, a tenant, HEALTHSOUTH Corporation (“HEALTHSOUTH”), settled its non-monetary default with the Company by exchanging properties.  The Company delivered to HEALTHSOUTH title to five nursing homes which HEALTHSOUTH leased from the Company, one of which was closed by HEALTHSOUTH creating the non-monetary default.  In exchange, HEALTHSOUTH delivered to the Company title to two rehabilitation hospitals which HEALTHSOUTH leases from the Company.  As part of this settlement, HEALTHSOUTH’s lease was extended from January 2006 to December 2011 and the annual rent was reduced from $10.3 million to $8.7 million.

 

On January 11, 2002, the Company acquired 31 senior living communities for approximately $600.0 million.  These communities are managed by a subsidiary of Marriott and are leased to Five Star through December 2017, plus a renewal option of 15 years thereafter, for annual minimum rent of $63.0 million, plus percentage rent starting in 2003.  As discussed in Note 14, Marriott intends to sell the stock of the subsidiary which manages these facilities.

 

On October 25, 2002, the Company acquired nine senior living properties for approximately $62.9 million.  Simultaneously, the Company leased these nine properties to Five Star through December 2019, plus a renewal option of 15 years thereafter, for annual minimum rent of $6.3 million, plus percentage rent starting in 2005.

 

During 2002, the Company sold a property which had been closed by Five Star earlier in the year and had been classified as an asset held for sale.  The following table provides the components of the Loss From Discontinued Operations included in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to this property:

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

2000

 

Revenues

 

$

 

$

4,368

 

$

(110

)

Facilities’ operations expense

 

 

(5,291

)

 

Depreciation expense

 

(40

)

(80

)

(76

)

Impairment loss

 

(2,450

)

 

 

Gain on sale of property

 

661

 

 

 

Loss from discontinued operations

 

$

(1,829

)

$

(1,003

)

$

(186

)

 

F-10



 

The sold property was combined in one lease with other properties operated by Five Star.  Under the terms of the lease, the rent payable on the combined lease was reduced by 10% of the net proceeds received by the Company from the sale.

 

During 2000, the Company sold four independent living properties and three nursing homes and recognized gains totaling $27.4 million.

 

Note 4.   Gain on Foreclosures and Lease Terminations

 

In connection with the foreclosures and lease terminations which resulted in the Company’s assumption of operations of nursing homes as discussed in Note 2, the Company retained a forfeited $15.0 million security deposit, 1,000,000 common shares of HRPT valued at $6.5 million, 100,000 common shares of the Company, nine properties valued at $10.1 million and the personal property at all of the foreclosed properties and repossessed leased properties.  In addition, recognition of rental income previously deferred related to these properties totaling $19.0 million was accelerated.  These income items were offset by the value of properties deeded to a former tenant, the forgiveness of mortgage debt due from a bankrupt borrower, legal and professional costs, licensing costs, and impairment write-downs of $9.7 million related to certain of the properties and a reserve for repairs and deferred maintenance at these properties of $10.0 million.  The net result of assets received and accelerated deferred income over the assets traded and debts forgiven, various costs, the impairment write-downs and the repairs and maintenance reserve was recorded in 2000 as a $7.1 million gain on foreclosures and lease terminations.

 

Note 5.   Shareholders’ Equity

 

The Company has reserved 1,300,000 shares of the Company’s common shares under the terms of the 1999 Incentive Share Award Plan (the “Award Plan”).  During the year ended December 31, 2002, 13,200 common shares were awarded to officers of the Company and certain employees of the Company’s investment manager pursuant to this plan.  In addition, the Company’s independent trustees are each awarded 500 common shares annually as part of their annual fees.  The shares awarded to the trustees vest immediately.  The shares awarded to the Company’s officers and certain employees of its investment manager vest over a three-year period.  At December 31, 2002, 1,257,100 of the Company’s common shares remain reserved for issuance under the Award Plan.  All share awards are expensed at the time of the grants.

 

Cash distributions paid or payable by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, were $1.24 per share, $1.20 per share and $1.20 per share, respectively.  In connection with the Five Star Spin-Off, the Company distributed one share of Five Star for every ten shares of the Company to the Company’s shareholders on December 31, 2001, which was valued at $0.726 per common share of the Company for income tax purposes.  This valuation was based upon the trading price of Five Star shares at the time of the Five Star Spin-Off.

 

F-11



 

Note 6.   Spin-off Transaction

 

As discussed in Note 2, the Company completed the Five Star Spin-Off by distributing 4,342,170 common shares of Five Star to its shareholders on December 31, 2001.  Concurrent with the Five Star Spin-Off, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Five Star for 55 healthcare facilities expiring in 2018 and Five Star assumed the Company’s leasehold for one additional facility.  As discussed in Note 3, the Company sold one of these properties in 2002.  The minimum rent for these facilities is $6.9 million per year.  In addition, percentage rent will be due starting in 2004.  The Company also entered into a transaction agreement to govern the initial capitalization of Five Star and other events related to the Five Star Spin-Off.  Pursuant to the transaction agreement, the Company provided initial capitalization of $50.0 million of equity to Five Star which consisted of cash and working capital related to the operations of the 56 facilities plus two properties with a net book value of $2.2 million.  Simultaneous with the Five Star Spin-Off, Five Star became a public company listed on the American Stock Exchange.  The Company incurred $3.7 million of expenses relating to the Five Star Spin-Off, which included costs of distributing Five Star shares to shareholders, legal and accounting fees, Securities and Exchange Commission filing fees and Five Star’s American Stock Exchange listing fees.

 

Note 7.   Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Company has an agreement with Reit Management & Research LLC (“RMR”) for RMR to provide investment, management and administrative services to the Company.  RMR is owned by Gerard M. Martin and Barry M. Portnoy, each a managing trustee and member of the Company’s board of trustees.  RMR is compensated annually based on a formula amount of gross invested real estate assets.  RMR is also entitled to an annual incentive fee, which is based on a formula and paid in restricted common shares of the Company.  Investment advisory fees paid to RMR for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, were $6.6 million, $3.2 million and $3.7 million, respectively.  To date, the Company has not paid any incentive fees to RMR.

 

As a result of the nursing home bankruptcies and settlements discussed in Note 2, subject to the receipt of necessary healthcare licenses, the Company assumed operating responsibilities for healthcare facilities effective July 1, 2000.  Nursing care and other services were provided at these properties to approximately 5,000 residents.  Under tax laws and regulations applicable to REITs, the Company was required to engage a contractor to manage these properties after a 90 day transition period. The Company entered into management agreements with FSQ, Inc., to provide these services beginning in 2000.  FSQ, Inc., was owned by Messrs. Martin and Portnoy, the Company’s managing trustees, until January 2, 2002.  Under these management agreements, during the first 90 days FSQ, Inc., was paid its costs and expenses incurred in managing the facilities for the Company and thereafter it was paid a fee equal to five percent of patient revenues at the managed facilities.  During 2001 and 2000, the fees paid to FSQ, Inc., by the Company totaled $11.5 million and $5.1 million, respectively.  This amount includes fees with respect to all services provided by FSQ, Inc., to the Company including those described in this paragraph and in the next paragraph.

 

As part of the bankruptcy settlement agreement between the Company and one of its former tenants, in partial satisfaction of its financial obligations to the Company, the former tenant conveyed nine nursing homes free of debt to the Company.  Under tax laws and regulations applicable to REITs during 2000, the Company was unable to operate nursing homes that were not previously owned and leased or mortgaged by the Company. 

 

F-12



 

Accordingly, new corporations were created to take title to and operate these nine nursing homes, and Messrs. Martin and Portnoy each purchased 0.5% of the beneficial ownership and 50% of the voting control while the Company retained 99% of the beneficial ownership and no voting control (the “99-1 Corporations”).  Effective January 1, 2001, applicable laws were changed to permit REITs to have voting control of taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”).  Effective January 1, 2001, Messrs. Martin and Portnoy sold their beneficial ownership and voting control of the 99-1 Corporations to the Company for their historical investment.  The nursing homes owned by these 99-1 Corporations and TRSs were managed by FSQ, Inc.

 

In connection with the Five Star Spin-Off, the Company entered into a transaction agreement with Five Star, FSQ, Inc. and RMR.  The transaction agreement provided for, among other things, (i) the capitalization of Five Star by the Company with $50.0 million of equity consisting of cash, property and working capital, (ii) the spin-off of Five Star, (iii) the lease of 55 senior living facilities to Five Star, which became effective December 31, 2001, (iv) the lease to Five Star of 31 senior living facilities to be acquired from Crestline Capital Corporation, which became effective when that acquisition closed on January 11, 2002, and (v) a right of first refusal granted by Five Star to the Company, before it acquires or finances any real estate investments of the type in which the Company invests.  In order to acquire the personnel, systems and assets necessary for Five Star to operate facilities which it leases from the Company, the transaction agreement also provided for the merger of FSQ, Inc. into a Five Star subsidiary and for Five Star’s entering into a shared services agreement with RMR pursuant to which RMR agreed to provide services similar to the services previously provided by RMR to FSQ, Inc. That FSQ, Inc. merger into Five Star was concluded on January 2, 2002, and as consideration in the merger, Five Star issued 125,000 shares of its common stock to each of Messrs. Martin and Portnoy, having a total value (based on the average high and low trading price of Five Star’s common stock on the American Stock Exchange on January 2, 2002) of $1.9 million  ($7.50 per share).  Messrs. Martin and Portnoy are the managing directors of Five Star.  In connection with this merger, the Company’s board of trustees received an opinion from an internationally recognized investment banking firm to the effect that the consideration provided for in the merger agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to Five Star.

 

Pursuant to the Five Star Spin-Off transaction agreement, the Company agreed to contribute $50.0 million of equity consisting of cash, property and working capital to Five Star on December 31, 2001.  Amounts were estimated on December 31, 2001 and the transaction agreement provided that a true up of amounts contributed would be completed subsequent to the year end.  The amount owed to the Company by Five Star was approximately $3.3 million as of December 31, 2001, and was included in Due from Affiliates in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2001.  This amount was paid by Five Star to the Company during 2002.

 

In October 2002, the Company and Five Star jointly acquired substantially all of the assets of Constellation Health Services, Inc. (“Constellation”), an affiliate of Constellation Energy Group, Inc. for approximately $77.2 million.  The assets of Constellation which were acquired by the Company and Five Star consisted of 15 senior living communities.  Seven of the 15 communities were purchased by Five Star for approximately $27.0 million.  The remaining eight communities were acquired from Constellation by the Company for approximately $50.2 million.  Simultaneous with the Company’s acquisition of the eight communities from Constellation, the Company also purchased one senior living community from Five Star for approximately $12.7 million.  Five Star had acquired the property in April 2002 and the Company’s purchase price approximated Five Star’s net book value at the time of the sale to the Company.  All nine communities purchased by the Company are leased to Five Star under one lease to December 2019 for annual minimum rent of $6.3 million, plus percentage rent starting in 2005.

 

 

F-13



 

 

Note 8.   Indebtedness

 

On June 27, 2002, the Company entered into a new revolving bank credit facility to replace its previous credit facility which had been scheduled to mature in September 2002.  The new credit facility matures in November 2005 and may be extended to November 2006 upon the payment of an extension fee.  The new credit facility permits borrowings up to $250.0 million, which amount may be expanded to $500.0 million in certain circumstances.  Drawings under the new credit facility are unsecured.  Funds may be drawn, repaid and redrawn until maturity, and no principal repayment is due until maturity.  The interest rate (2.95% at December 31, 2002) on borrowings under the new credit facility are calculated as a spread above LIBOR. The new credit facility is available for acquisitions, working capital and general business purposes.  As of December 31, 2002, $81.0 million was outstanding and $169.0 million was available for drawing under the new credit facility.

 

At December 31, 2002, the Company had $245.0 million of senior unsecured notes outstanding.  The notes carry interest at a fixed rate of 8 5/8% per annum and are due in 2012. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually in arrears and no principal payments are due until maturity.  The notes were sold at a discount and the unamortized balance of the discount at December 31, 2002, was $1.3 million.

 

The Company’s secured debt and capital leases totaled $32.6 million at December 31, 2002.  This debt consists of (i) $9.1 million of mortgages due in July 2003 secured by two properties which require interest (2.25% at December 31, 2002) to be paid monthly at prime less a discount; (ii) $14.7 million of bonds due in December 2027 secured by one property which requires annual interest of 5.875% payable semi-annually; and (iii) capital lease obligations of $8.8 million related to two properties leased to May 2016 with an effective interest rate of 7.7%.  The carrying value and accumulated depreciation of the assets associated with the properties under capital lease were $17.5 million and $463,000, respectively.  The lease payments required to be made over the next five years are $1.5 million in 2003, and $1.4 million in each of 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

 

Note 9.   Trust Preferred Securities

 

At December 31, 2002, a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of the Company had 1,095,750 shares of 10.125% trust preferred securities outstanding, with a liquidation preference of $25 per share, for a total liquidation amount of $27.4 million.  This finance subsidiary exists solely to issue the trust preferred securities and its own common securities and to hold 10.125% junior subordinated debentures due June 15, 2041 issued by the Company, which are its sole assets.  The Company can redeem the debentures for their liquidation amount in whole or in part on or after June 15, 2006.  When the debentures are redeemed or repaid at maturity, a like amount of trust preferred securities will be redeemed by this finance subsidiary.  The Company has provided a full and unconditional guarantee of this finance subsidiary’s obligations related to the trust preferred securities arising out of payments on or redemptions of the debentures.  The underwriting commissions and other costs are being amortized over the 40 year life of the trust preferred securities and the debentures.

 

F-14



 

Note 10.  Segment Information

 

For 2002 and 2000, the Company had one reportable segment, leasing.  During 2001, the Company had two reportable segments, leasing and facilities’ operations.  Revenues of the leasing segment were derived from rental agreements for properties that are leased to third party operators.  Revenues of the facility operations segment were derived from services provided to patients at the healthcare facilities operated for the Company’s account.  Performance is measured based on the return on investments for the leased properties and on contribution margin of the facilities’ operations.  The following table is a summary of these reportable segments as of and for the year ended December 31, 2001.  Because the Company only operated in one segment during 2002 and 2000, a comparative table is not presented (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2001

 

 

 

Leasing

 

Facilities’
Operations

 

Unallocated

 

Total

 

Revenues

 

$

47,430

 

$

224,867

 

$

2,347

 

$

274,644

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

5,879

 

5,879

 

Depreciation expense

 

13,129

 

6,222

 

 

19,351

 

Facilities’ operations expense

 

 

217,910

 

 

217,910

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-    Recurring

 

4,129

 

 

 

4,129

 

-    Related to foreclosures and lease terminations

 

 

 

4,167

 

4,167

 

Five Star Spin-Off costs

 

 

 

3,732

 

3,732

 

Total

 

17,258

 

224,132

 

13,778

 

255,168

 

Income from continuing operations before distributions on trust preferred securities

 

30,172

 

735

 

(11,431

)

19,476

 

Distributions on trust preferred securities

 

 

 

(1,455

(1,455

Net income (loss)

 

$

30,172

 

$

735

 

$

(12,886

)

$

18,021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate properties, at cost

 

$

448,561

 

$

144,638

 

$

 

$

593,199

 

 

F-15



 

Note 11.  Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Commitments

 

The financial statements presented include rents receivable, senior notes, mortgages payable, other liabilities, security deposits and trust preferred securities.  The fair values of the senior notes, mortgage debt and trust preferred securities are based on estimates using discounted cash flow analysis and currently prevailing market rates.  The fair values of the financial instruments were not materially different from their carrying values at December 31, 2002 and 2001, except as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

2002

 

2001

 

 

 

Carrying
Amount

 

Fair Value

 

Carrying
Amount

 

Fair Value

 

Trust preferred securities

 

$

27,394

 

$

28,764

 

$

27,394

 

$

27,394

 

 

Note 12.  Concentration of Credit Risk

The assets included in these financial statements are primarily income producing senior housing real estate located throughout the United States.  The following is a summary of the significant lessees as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

At
December 31, 2002

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2002

 

 

 

Investment(1)

 

% of Total

 

Revenue

 

% of Total

 

Five Star

 

$

819,795

 

66

%

$

70,405

 

61

%

Marriott

 

325,472

 

26

%

31,246

 

27

%

HEALTHSOUTH(2)

 

43,553

 

4

%

8,718

 

8

%

All others

 

49,667

 

4

%

5,191

 

4

%

 

 

$

1,238,487

 

100

%

$

115,560

 

100

%

 

 

 

At
December 31, 2001

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2001

 

 

 

Investment(1)

 

% of Total

 

Revenue

 

% of Total

 

Marriott

 

$

325,472

 

73

%

$

30,894

 

65

%

HEALTHSOUTH

 

73,422

 

16

%

10,271

 

22

%

All others

 

49,667

 

11

%

6,265

 

13

%

 

 

$

448,561

 

100

%

$

47,430

 

100

%

 


(1)          Historical costs before previously recorded depreciation and, in certain instances, after impairment losses.  In 2001, excludes $144,638 related to properties which were operated for the Company’s account.

(2)          On January 2, 2002, five nursing home properties were exchanged for two rehabilitation hospitals as discussed in Note 3.  The investment in the two new hospitals is the net book value of the five nursing home properties given up at the time of the exchange.

 

F-16



 

Note 13. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

 

The following is a summary of the unaudited quarterly results of operations of the Company for 2002 and 2001 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

2002

 

 

 

First
Quarter

 

Second
Quarter

 

Third
Quarter

 

Fourth
Quarter

 

Revenues

 

$

28,707

 

$

30,378

 

$

30,377

 

$

32,835

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

11,640

 

13,067

 

13,142

 

14,164

 

Net income

 

11,620

 

10,596

 

13,142

 

14,826

 

Per share data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

0.23

 

0.22

 

0.22

 

0.24

 

Net income

 

0.23

 

0.18

 

0.22

 

0.25

 

 

 

 

2001

 

 

 

First
Quarter

 

Second
Quarter

 

Third
Quarter

 

Fourth
Quarter

 

Revenues(1)

 

$

67,577

 

$

66,236

 

$

67,814

 

$

73,017

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

2,890

 

3,053

 

5,868

 

6,210

 

Net income

 

2,836

 

2,750

 

5,522

 

5,910

 

Per share data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations before gain on sale of properties

 

0.11

 

0.11

 

0.21

 

0.15

 

Net income

 

0.11

 

0.11

 

0.19

 

0.14

 

 


(1)   2001 revenues include patient revenues from facilities’ operations.

 

Note 14.  Commitments and Contingencies

 

The Company currently owns 45 senior living communities which are operated by Marriott Senior Living Services, Inc. (“MSLS”).  Fourteen of these communities with 4,030 living units are leased to MSLS to 2013 and that lease is guaranteed by Marriott.  The remaining 31 communities with 7,476 living units are leased to Five Star to 2017 and managed by MSLS.  At the time these properties were acquired by the Company they were subject to long term MSLS management contracts.  Marriott provides many of the services required from MSLS under the management contracts, but Marriott has not guaranteed Five Star’s lease to the Company.

 

Shortly after it began to lease the 31 communities managed by MSLS and Marriott, Five Star began to question the financial and operations management.  Among other matters, Five Star questioned:  (i) whether Marriott’s pooled insurance costs were fairly allocated to the communities and to other operations of Marriott; (ii) whether Marriott realized unfair profits by purchasing goods and services for these communities from Marriott affiliated businesses; (iii) whether Marriott and MSLS improperly charged the communities for home office personnel and costs which should have been borne by Marriott and MSLS in return for their management fees; (iv) whether excessive amounts of the 31 communities revenues were retained by MSLS and Marriott as working capital cash and used for other Marriott operations without compensation to Five Star; (v) whether deposits received from the communities’ residents were improperly retained by Marriott or MSLS and used interest free for Marriott’s own purposes; (vi) whether MSLS and Marriott were directing business away from the managed communities to other properties which MSLS operates for its own account; (vii) whether adequate collection procedures were in effect to reduce bad debt expenses or if uncollectable revenues were accrued to inflate management fees; (viii) whether MSLS and Marriott refused to prepare a plan to close a chronically loss producing property in order to continue collecting management fees; and (ix) generally whether the managed communities are being properly marketed and managed.  Marriott and MSLS denied that they breached their obligations under the management contracts; however, as a result of these inquiries and after demand notices, Marriott has to date paid Five Star a total of approximately $2.3 million.

 

 

F-17



 

 

In July 2002, Marriott publicly announced its intention to exit the senior living management business and hired an investment bank to auction MSLS.  The Company and Five Star submitted a combined bid for MSLS, but that bid was not accepted.  During this auction process, the Company and Five Star asserted that the management contracts require their approval for, or otherwise restricted, the sale of MSLS.  Marriott denied this assertion.

 

On November 27, 2002, Marriott and MSLS sued the Company and Five Star in the Circuit Court for Montgomery County, Maryland.  This lawsuit seeks a declaration that Marriott and MSLS have not breached the management contracts, or, if they have breached, that their breaches are not sufficiently material to permit termination of the management contracts.  The Company and Five Star have answered that there have been material breaches sufficient to terminate the management contracts and have counter-claimed for money damages.  A preliminary injunction was issued in this case on January 28, 2003, upon Marriott’s and MSLS’s request, which prohibits the Company and Five Star from terminating the management contracts until completion of the trial.

 

Also on November 27, 2002, the Company and Five Star sued Marriott and MSLS in the Superior Court for Middlesex County, Massachusetts.  An amended complaint was filed on January 27, 2003.  Among other matters, this lawsuit sought a declaration that the Company and Five Star may terminate the management agreements in the event of a sale of MSLS.  In December 2002, the Company’s and Five Star’s request for a preliminary injunction to prevent the sale of MSLS until trial was denied.  Thereafter, on December 30, 2002, Marriott announced that it had entered an agreement to sell MSLS to Sunrise Assisted Living, Inc. (“Sunrise”).  A hearing on the Company’s and Five Star’s request for a preliminary determination of the rights of the parties upon completion of the proposed sale was held on February 21, 2003.  At the same February 21 hearing, the court also considered Marriott’s and MSLS’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint.  On March 4, 2003, the Massachusetts court granted the motion to dismiss.  The Company and Five Star intend to seek reconsideration and are considering whether to appeal the Massachusetts court decision.

 

F-18



 

The Company believes that Marriott and MSLS have materially breached the management agreements.  The Company also believes that the management agreements may be terminated if MSLS is sold to Sunrise.  However, the factual and legal issues involved in this litigation are complex and the final outcome of this litigation cannot be predicted.  Also, this litigation is likely to be expensive to conduct and the total amount of this expense cannot be estimated at this time.

 

Five Star has continued to pay rent for the 31 communities involved in this litigation.  If the management contracts are terminated, the Company believes Five Star will be able to operate the communities involved in this litigation.  The Company is unable to predict whether MSLS owned by Sunrise will be able to manage these communities or whether that management may adversely affect Five Star’s ability to pay rent.

 

In connection with obtaining regulatory approval for the acquisition and lease of one senior living property, the Company provided a guaranty and a security interest in that property of certain prepaid service obligations to residents; and the Company is contingently liable in the event the tenant, Five Star, or operator, MSLS, of this property fail to provide these future services.  In addition, the Company guarantees approximately $11.3 million of surety bonds and insurance premiums for this tenant.

 

Note 15. Subsequent Events

 

On February 28, 2003, the Company entered a transaction with Alterra Healthcare Corporation (“Alterra”) as follows:

 

                            The Company purchased from Alterra 18 assisted living facilities with 894 living units located in ten states.  The purchase price of $61.0 million was paid in cash drawn under the Company’s revolving bank credit facility.  Simultaneously with this purchase the Company leased these properties to a subsidiary of Alterra for an initial term through 2017, plus renewal options.  The rent payable under this lease is $7.0 million per year plus increases starting in 2004 based upon increases in the gross revenues at the leased properties.

 

                            The Company provided mortgage financing to Alterra for six assisted living facilities with 202 living units located in two states.  The amount of this mortgage loan is $6.9 million.  The   interest rate is 8% per year.  The maturity of this loan is June 30, 2004, but the Company expects it may be prepaid as Alterra sells the mortgaged properties.

 

As of March 14, 2003, Alterra sold one of the six mortgaged properties and the sales proceeds of approximately $850,000 were paid to the Company and applied as a reduction of the mortgage loan balance.  Alterra filed for bankruptcy reorganization in January 2003.  The Company’s investment in properties leased and mortgaged by Alterra was intended to help fund Alterra’s reorganization.  The Alterra Bankruptcy Court approved the terms of the Company’s investment with Alterra, and that approval included a decision that payments due under this lease and mortgage are accorded priority status under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

                In March 2003, the Company terminated a lease for a nursing home facility in St. Joseph, Missouri and evicted the tenant, which was not current in its rent obligations to the Company.  Five Star has agreed to manage this nursing home until it is re-leased or sold.  Five Star will be paid a management fee of 5% of the gross revenues from this nursing home.

 

 

F-19



 

 

On March 19, 2003, the SEC filed a complaint against HEALTHSOUTH, alleging that HEALTHSOUTH and certain of its officers committed fraud and violated several SEC regulations by overstating their historical earnings and assets.  Through the date of this report, HEALTHSOUTH is current in its payment obligations to the Company, but, at this time, the Company does not have sufficient information about the SEC allegations against HEALTHSOUTH to know what impact they may have on its lease.

 

F-20



 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

SCHEDULE III

REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION

December 31, 2002

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

Location

 

State

 

Initial Cost to Company

 

Costs Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition

 

Impairment

 

Cost Amount Carried at Close of Period 12/31/02

 

(2)
Accumulated
Depreciation

 

(3)
Date
Acquired

 

Original
Construction
Date

 

Land

 

Buildings and
Equipment

Land

 

Buildings and
Equipment

 

Total(1)

Peoria

 

AZ

 

2,687

 

15,843

 

255

 

 

2,687

 

16,098

 

18,785

 

435

 

01/11/02

 

1990

 

Scottsdale

 

AZ

 

2,315

 

13,650

 

328

 

 

2,315

 

13,978

 

16,293

 

378

 

01/11/02

 

1984

 

Tucson

 

AZ

 

4,429

 

26,119

 

641

 

 

4,429

 

26,760

 

31,189

 

735

 

01/02/02

 

1989

 

Yuma

 

AZ

 

223

 

2,100

 

63

 

 

223

 

2,163

 

2,386

 

633

 

06/30/92

 

1984

 

Yuma

 

AZ

 

103

 

604

 

28

 

 

103

 

632

 

735

 

195

 

06/30/92

 

1984

 

Scottsdale

 

AZ

 

979

 

8,807

 

91

 

 

941

 

8,936

 

9,877

 

1,926

 

05/16/94

 

1990

 

Sun City

 

AZ

 

1,174

 

10,569

 

173

 

 

1,189

 

10,727

 

11,916

 

2,290

 

06/17/94

 

1990

 

San Diego

 

CA

 

9,142

 

53,904

 

482

 

 

9,142

 

54,386

 

63,528

 

1,462

 

01/11/02

 

1987

 

Arleta

 

CA

 

230

 

2,070

 

167

 

 

229

 

2,238

 

2,467

 

138

 

11/01/00

 

1976

 

Fresno

 

CA

 

738

 

2,577

 

188

 

 

738

 

2,765

 

3,503

 

971

 

12/28/90

 

1963

 

Lancaster

 

CA

 

601

 

1,859

 

1,071

 

 

601

 

2,930

 

3,531

 

972

 

12/28/90

 

1969

 

Stockton

 

CA

 

382

 

2,750

 

47

 

 

382

 

2,797

 

3,179

 

839

 

06/30/92

 

1968

 

Thousand Oaks

 

CA

 

622

 

2,522

 

354

 

 

622

 

2,876

 

3,498

 

985

 

12/28/90

 

1965

 

Van Nuys

 

CA

 

716

 

378

 

258

 

 

718

 

634

 

1,352

 

255

 

12/28/90

 

1969

 

Laguna Hills

 

CA

 

3,132

 

28,184

 

475

 

 

3,172

 

28,619

 

31,791

 

5,934

 

09/09/94

 

1975

 

Canon City

 

CO

 

292

 

6,228

 

172

 

(3,512

)

292

 

2,888

 

3,180

 

188

 

09/26/97

 

1970

 

Colorado Springs

 

CO

 

245

 

5,236

 

195

 

(3,031

)

245

 

2,400

 

2,645

 

165

 

09/26/97

 

1972

 

Delta

 

CO

 

167

 

3,570

 

143

 

 

167

 

3,713

 

3,880

 

509

 

09/26/97

 

1963

 

Grand Junction

 

CO

 

6

 

2,583

 

1,390

 

 

136

 

3,843

 

3,979

 

976

 

12/30/93

 

1978

 

Grand Junction

 

CO

 

204

 

3,875

 

388

 

 

204

 

4,263

 

4,467

 

1,195

 

12/30/93

 

1968

 

Lakewood

 

CO

 

232

 

3,766

 

818

 

 

232

 

4,584

 

4,816

 

1,504

 

12/28/90

 

1972

 

Littleton

 

CO

 

185

 

5,043

 

471

 

 

185

 

5,514

 

5,699

 

1,887

 

12/28/90

 

1965

 

New Haven

 

CT

 

1,681

 

14,953

 

1,303

 

(12,154

)

1,681

 

4,102

 

5,783

 

1,851

 

05/11/92

 

1971

 

Waterbury

 

CT

 

1,003

 

9,023

 

988

 

(5,694

)

1,003

 

4,317

 

5,320

 

1,753

 

05/11/92

 

1974

 

Newark

 

DE

 

2,010

 

11,852

 

291

 

 

2,010

 

12,143

 

14,153

 

329

 

01/11/02

 

1991

 

Wilmington

 

DE

 

4,365

 

25,739

 

355

 

 

4,365

 

26,094

 

30,459

 

703

 

01/11/02

 

1988

 

Wilmington

 

DE

 

1,179

 

6,950

 

173

 

 

1,179

 

7,123

 

8,302

 

195

 

01/11/02

 

1974

 

Wilmington

 

DE

 

38

 

227

 

129

 

 

38

 

356

 

394

 

12

 

01/11/02

 

1965

 

Wilmington

 

DE

 

869

 

5,126

 

179

 

 

869

 

5,306

 

6,175

 

145

 

01/11/02

 

1989

 

Coral Springs

 

FL

 

3,410

 

20,104

 

286

 

 

3,410

 

20,389

 

23,799

 

552

 

01/11/02

 

1984

 

Deerfield Beach

 

FL

 

3,196

 

18,848

 

276

 

 

3,196

 

19,124

 

22,320

 

516

 

01/11/02

 

1990

 

Fort Lauderdale

 

FL

 

22

 

129

 

96

 

 

22

 

224

 

246

 

9

 

01/11/02

 

1949

 

Fort Myers

 

FL

 

369

 

2,174

 

67

 

 

369

 

2,241

 

2,610

 

60

 

01/01/02

 

1990

 

Palm Harbor

 

FL

 

3,449

 

20,336

 

283

 

 

3,449

 

20,619

 

24,068

 

559

 

01/11/02

 

1989

 

West Palm Beach

 

FL

 

2,061

 

12,153

 

213

 

 

2,061

 

12,366

 

14,427

 

335

 

01/11/02

 

1988

 

Boca Raton

 

FL

 

4,404

 

39,633

 

798

 

 

4,475

 

40,361

 

44,836

 

8,700

 

05/20/94

 

1994

 

Palm Harbor

 

FL

 

3,327

 

29,945

 

591

 

 

3,379

 

30,484

 

33,863

 

6,571

 

05/16/94

 

1992

 

Port St. Lucie

 

FL

 

1,223

 

11,009

 

219

 

 

1,242

 

11,209

 

12,451

 

2,416

 

05/20/94

 

1993

 

Deerfield Beach

 

FL

 

1,664

 

14,972

 

298

 

 

1,690

 

15,245

 

16,935

 

3,286

 

05/16/94

 

1986

 

Fort Myers

 

FL

 

2,349

 

21,137

 

419

 

 

2,385

 

21,520

 

23,905

 

4,506

 

08/16/94

 

1984

 

College Park

 

GA

 

300

 

2,702

 

75

 

 

300

 

2,777

 

3,077

 

576

 

05/15/96

 

1985

 

Dublin

 

GA

 

442

 

3,982

 

186

 

 

442

 

4,168

 

4,610

 

820

 

05/15/96

 

1968

 

Glenwood

 

GA

 

174

 

1,564

 

50

 

 

174

 

1,614

 

1,788

 

317

 

05/15/96

 

1972

 

Marietta

 

GA

 

300

 

2,702

 

87

 

 

300

 

2,789

 

3,089

 

554

 

05/15/96

 

1967

 

Clarinda

 

IA

 

77

 

1,453

 

469

 

 

77

 

1,922

 

1,999

 

516

 

12/30/93

 

1968

 

Council Bluffs

 

IA

 

225

 

893

 

283

 

 

225

 

1,176

 

1,401

 

303

 

04/01/95

 

1963

 

Des Moines

 

IA

 

123

 

627

 

49

 

 

123

 

676

 

799

 

64

 

07/01/00

 

1965

 

Glenwood

 

IA

 

322

 

2,098

 

44

 

 

322

 

2,142

 

2,464

 

175

 

07/01/00

 

1964

 

Mediapolis

 

IA

 

94

 

1,776

 

336

 

 

94

 

2,112

 

2,206

 

579

 

12/30/93

 

1973

 

Pacific Junction

 

IA

 

32

 

306

 

37

 

 

32

 

343

 

375

 

80

 

04/01/95

 

1978

 

Winterset

 

IA

 

111

 

2,099

 

583

 

 

111

 

2,682

 

2,793

 

718

 

12/30/93

 

1973

 

Arlington Heights

 

IL

 

3,621

 

32,587

 

534

 

 

3,665

 

33,077

 

36,742

 

6,858

 

09/09/94

 

1986

 

Indianapolis

 

IN

 

2,781

 

16,396

 

314

 

 

2,781

 

16,710

 

19,491

 

450

 

01/11/02

 

1986

 

Overland Park

 

KS

 

1,274

 

11,426

 

10

 

 

1,274

 

11,435

 

12,709

 

67

 

10/25/02

 

1985

 

Overland Park

 

KS

 

2,568

 

15,140

 

239

 

 

2,568

 

15,378

 

17,946

 

412

 

01/11/02

 

1986

 

Ellinwood

 

KS

 

130

 

1,137

 

110

 

 

130

 

1,247

 

1,377

 

264

 

04/01/95

 

1972

 

Lafayette(4)

 

KY

 

 

10,848

 

125

 

 

 

10,973

 

10,973

 

289

 

01/11/02

 

1985

 

Lexington(4)

 

KY

 

 

6,394

 

146

 

 

 

6,540

 

6,540

 

174

 

01/11/02

 

1980

 

Louisville

 

KY

 

3,524

 

20,779

 

311

 

 

3,524

 

21,090

 

24,614

 

567

 

01/11/02

 

1984

 

Winchester

 

MA

 

3,218

 

18,988

 

211

 

 

3,218

 

19,200

 

22,418

 

516

 

01/11/02

 

1980

 

Braintree

 

MA

 

3,193

 

16,652

 

17

 

 

3,193

 

16,669

 

19,862

 

1,330

 

01/02/02

 

1975

 

Woburn

 

MA

 

3,809

 

19,862

 

20

 

 

3,809

 

19,882

 

23,691

 

1,586

 

01/02/02

 

1984

 

Bowie

 

MD

 

408

 

3,421

 

48

 

 

408

 

3,469

 

3,877

 

20

 

10/25/02

 

2000

 

Easton

 

MD

 

383

 

4,555

 

60

 

 

383

 

4,615

 

4,998

 

27

 

10/25/02

 

2000

 

Frederick

 

MD

 

385

 

3,444

 

47

 

 

385

 

3,491

 

3,876

 

20

 

10/25/02

 

1998

 

Severna Park

 

MD

 

229

 

9,798

 

127

 

 

229

 

9,925

 

10,154

 

57

 

10/25/02

 

1998

 

Silver Spring

 

MD

 

1,192

 

9,288

 

118

 

 

1,192

 

9,406

 

10,598

 

55

 

10/25/02

 

1996

 

Silver Spring

 

MD

 

3,229

 

29,065

 

786

 

 

3,301

 

29,779

 

33,080

 

6,297

 

07/25/94

 

1992

 

Farmington(5)

 

MI

 

474

 

3,682

 

34

 

 

474

 

3,716

 

4,190

 

274

 

07/01/00

 

1969

 

Howell(5)

 

MI

 

703

 

4,227

 

46

 

 

703

 

4,273

 

4,976

 

319

 

07/01/00

 

1966

 

Tarkio

 

MO

 

102

 

1,938

 

492

 

 

102

 

2,430

 

2,532

 

643

 

12/30/93

 

1970

 

St. Joseph

 

MO

 

111

 

1,027

 

195

 

 

111

 

1,222

 

1,333

 

277

 

06/04/93

 

1976

 

Cary

 

NC

 

713

 

4,628

 

60

 

 

713

 

4,688

 

5,401

 

28

 

10/25/02

 

1999

 

Ainsworth

 

NE

 

25

 

420

 

25

 

 

25

 

445

 

470

 

68

 

07/01/00

 

1966

 

Ashland

 

NE

 

28

 

1,823

 

54

 

 

28

 

1,877

 

1,905

 

166

 

07/01/00

 

1965

 

Blue Hill

 

NE

 

56

 

1,063

 

39

 

 

56

 

1,102

 

1,158

 

87

 

07/01/00

 

1967

 

Central City

 

NE

 

21

 

919

 

56

 

 

21

 

975

 

996

 

91

 

07/01/00

 

1969

 

Columbus

 

NE

 

89

 

561

 

39

 

 

89

 

600

 

689

 

55

 

07/01/00

 

1955

 

Edgar

 

NE

 

1

 

138

 

40

 

 

1

 

178

 

179

 

37

 

07/01/00

 

1971

 

Exeter

 

NE

 

4

 

626

 

47

 

 

4

 

673

 

677

 

70

 

07/01/00

 

1965

 

Grand Island

 

NE

 

119

 

1,446

 

470

 

 

119

 

1,916

 

2,035

 

363

 

04/01/95

 

1963

 

Gretna

 

NE

 

267

 

673

 

51

 

(29

)

237

 

725

 

962

 

86

 

07/01/00

 

1972

 

Lyons

 

NE

 

13

 

797

 

50

 

 

13

 

847

 

860

 

85

 

07/01/00

 

1969

 

Milford

 

NE

 

24

 

880

 

40

 

 

24

 

920

 

944

 

101

 

07/01/00

 

1967

 

Sutherland

 

NE

 

19

 

1,251

 

36

 

 

19

 

1,287

 

1,306

 

111

 

07/01/00

 

1970

 

Utica

 

NE

 

21

 

569

 

55

 

 

21

 

624

 

645

 

64

 

07/01/00

 

1966

 

Waverly

 

NE

 

529

 

686

 

49

 

 

529

 

735

 

1,264

 

85

 

07/01/00

 

1989

 

Lakewood(6)

 

NJ

 

4,885

 

28,803

 

325

 

 

4,885

 

29,128

 

34,013

 

784

 

01/11/02

 

1987

 

Burlington

 

NJ

 

1,300

 

11,700

 

7

 

 

1,300

 

11,707

 

13,007

 

2,123

 

09/29/95

 

1994

 

Albuquerque

 

NM

 

3,828

 

22,572

 

340

 

 

3,828

 

22,912

 

26,740

 

621

 

01/11/02

 

1986

 

Columbus

 

OH

 

 

27,778

 

393

 

 

 

28,171

 

28,171

 

748

 

01/11/02

 

1989

 

Grove City

 

OH

 

332

 

3,081

 

32

 

 

332

 

3,113

 

3,445

 

742

 

06/04/93

 

1965

 

Canonsburg

 

PA

 

1,499

 

13,493

 

606

 

 

1,518

 

14,080

 

15,598

 

7,354

 

03/01/91

 

1985

 

Myrtle Beach

 

SC

 

543

 

3,202

 

137

 

 

543

 

3,339

 

3,882

 

89

 

01/11/02

 

1980

 

Huron

 

SD

 

144

 

3,108

 

4

 

 

144

 

3,112

 

3,256

 

916

 

06/30/92

 

1968

 

Huron

 

SD

 

45

 

968

 

1

 

 

45

 

969

 

1,014

 

285

 

06/30/92

 

1968

 

Sioux Falls

 

SD

 

253

 

3,062

 

4

 

 

253

 

3,066

 

3,319

 

906

 

06/30/92

 

1960

 

Dallas

 

TX

 

4,709

 

27,768

 

336

 

 

4,709

 

28,104

 

32,813

 

756

 

01/11/02

 

1990

 

El Paso

 

TX

 

2,301

 

13,567

 

269

 

 

2,301

 

13,836

 

16,137

 

370

 

01/11/02

 

1987

 

Houston

 

TX

 

5,537

 

32,647

 

396

 

 

5,537

 

33,043

 

38,580

 

888

 

01/11/02

 

1989

 

San Antonio

 

TX

 

4,283

 

25,256

 

258

 

 

4,283

 

25,514

 

29,797

 

688

 

01/11/02

 

1989

 

Woodlands

 

TX

 

3,694

 

21,782

 

258

 

 

3,694

 

22,040

 

25,734

 

593

 

01/11/02

 

1988

 

Bellaire

 

TX

 

1,223

 

11,010

 

177

 

 

1,238

 

11,172

 

12,410

 

2,408

 

05/16/94

 

1991

 

Fredericksburg

 

VA

 

287

 

8,480

 

99

 

 

287

 

8,579

 

8,866

 

51

 

10/25/02

 

1998

 

Richmond

 

VA

 

134

 

3,191

 

11

 

 

134

 

3,202

 

3,336

 

19

 

10/25/02

 

1999

 

Virginia Beach

 

VA

 

881

 

7,926

 

141

 

 

893

 

8,055

 

8,948

 

1,736

 

05/16/94

 

1990

 

Arlington

 

VA

 

1,859

 

16,734

 

296

 

 

1,885

 

17,004

 

18,889

 

3,596

 

07/25/94

 

1992

 

Charlottesville

 

VA

 

2,936

 

26,422

 

471

 

 

2,976

 

26,853

 

29,829

 

5,733

 

06/17/94

 

1991

 

Seattle

 

WA

 

256

 

4,869

 

67

 

 

256

 

4,936

 

5,192

 

1,398

 

11/01/93

 

1964

 

Brookfield

 

WI

 

832

 

3,849

 

8,092

 

(6,552

)

832

 

5,389

 

6,221

 

986

 

12/28/90

 

1964

 

Clintonville

 

WI

 

49

 

1,625

 

157

 

 

30

 

1,801

 

1,831

 

605

 

12/28/90

 

1965

 

Clintonville

 

WI

 

14

 

1,695

 

80

 

 

14

 

1,775

 

1,789

 

601

 

12/28/90

 

1960

 

Madison

 

WI

 

144

 

1,633

 

146

 

 

144

 

1,779

 

1,923

 

603

 

12/28/90

 

1920

 

Milwaukee

 

WI

 

277

 

3,883

 

61

 

 

277

 

3,944

 

4,221

 

1,246

 

03/27/92

 

1969

 

Pewaukee

 

WI

 

984

 

2,432

 

78

 

 

984

 

2,510

 

3,494

 

824

 

09/10/98

 

1963

 

Waukesha

 

WI

 

68

 

3,452

 

2,294

 

 

68

 

5,746

 

5,814

 

1,670

 

12/28/90

 

1958

 

Laramie

 

WY

 

191

 

3,632

 

274

 

 

191

 

3,906

 

4,097

 

1,098

 

12/30/93

 

1964

 

Worland

 

WY

 

132

 

2,503

 

675

 

 

132

 

3,178

 

3,310

 

831

 

 

 

 

 

Totals

 

 

 

$

144,506

 

$

1,086,006

 

$

38,947

 

$

(30,972

)

$

145,037

 

$

1,093,450

 

$

1,238,487

 

$

125,039

 

 

 

 

 

 


(1)   Aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes is approximately $1,397.1 million.

(2)   Depreciation is provided on buildings and improvements for periods ranging up to 40 years and on equipment up to 12 years.

(3)   Includes acquisition dates of HRPT Properties Trust, our predecessor.

(4)   These properties are subject to our $8.8 million of capital leases.

(5)   These properties are collateral for our $9.1 million of mortgage notes.

(6)   This property is collateral for our $14.7 million of mortgage bonds.

 

S-1



 

Reconciliation of the carrying amount of real estate and equipment and accumulated depreciation during the period:

 

 

 

Real Estate and
Equipment

 

Accumulated
Depreciation

 

Balance at December 31, 1999

 

$

708,739

 

$

108,709

 

Additions

 

30,169

 

20,140

 

Disposals

 

(130,968

)

(17,273

)

Impairment

 

(14,545

)

(4,895

)

Balance at December 31, 2000

 

593,395

 

106,681

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2000 included in net investment in facilities’ operations

 

2,609

 

210

 

Additions

 

2,169

 

19,431

 

Disposals

 

(4,974

)

(2,070

)

Balance at December 31, 2001

 

593,199

 

124,252

 

Additions

 

678,411

 

31,637

 

Disposals

 

(33,123

)

(30,850

)

Balance at December 31, 2002

 

$

1,238,487

 

$

125,039

 

 

 

S-2



 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

SENIOR HOUSING PROPERTIES TRUST

 

 

 

By:

/s/ David J. Hegarty

 

 

David J. Hegarty

 

 

President and Chief Operating Officer

 

 

Dated:  March 26, 2003

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons, or by their attorney-in-fact, in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ David J. Hegarty

 

President and Chief Operating Officer

 

March 26, 2003

 

David J. Hegarty

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ John R. Hoadley

 

Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

 

March 26, 2003

 

John R. Hoadley

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Frank J. Bailey

 

Trustee

 

March 26, 2003

 

Frank J. Bailey

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Arthur G. Koumantzelis

 

Trustee

 

March 26, 2003

 

Arthur G. Koumantzelis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ John L. Harrington

 

Trustee

 

March 26, 2003

 

John L. Harrington

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Gerard M. Martin

 

Trustee

 

March 26, 2003

 

Gerard M. Martin

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Barry M. Portnoy

 

Trustee

 

March 26, 2003

 

Barry M. Portnoy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

I, Barry M. Portnoy, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Senior Housing Properties Trust;

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

 

a)               designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

 

b)              evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

c)               presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)               all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

 



 

b)              any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

 

Date:

March 26, 2003

 

 

/s/Barry M. Portnoy

 

 

Barry M. Portnoy

 

 

 

Managing Trustee

 

 

 



 

I, Gerard M. Martin, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Senior Housing Properties Trust;

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

 

a)              designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

 

b)             evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

c)              presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)              all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

 



 

b)             any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

 

Date:

March 26, 2003

 

 

/s/Gerard M. Martin

 

 

Gerard M. Martin

 

 

 

Managing Trustee

 

 

 



 

I, David J. Hegarty, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Senior Housing Properties Trust;

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

 

a)              designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

 

b)             evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

c)              presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)              all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

 



 

b)             any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

 

Date:

March 26, 2003

 

 

/s/David J. Hegarty

 

 

David J. Hegarty

 

 

President and Chief Operating Officer

 

 



 

I, John R. Hoadley, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Senior Housing Properties Trust;

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

 

a)                    designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

 

b)                   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

c)                    presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

a)                    all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

 



 

b)                   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

Date:

March 26, 2003

 

/s/John R. Hoadley

 

 

John R. Hoadley

 

 

Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer