ENZO BIOCHEM INC - Quarter Report: 2010 October (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

Mark one


x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2010

or

o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________________ to ___________________

Commission File Number 001-09974


	ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


New York		13-2866202

(State or Other Jurisdiction		(IRS. Employer
of Incorporation or Organization)		Identification No.)

527 Madison Ave, New York, New York		10022

(Address of Principal Executive office)		(Zip Code)

212-583-0100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant has required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 45 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of that chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes o No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).


Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer x	Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)

Yes o No x

As of December 1, 2010 the Registrant had approximately 38,162,000 shares of common stock outstanding.

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
FORM 10-Q
October 31, 2010

INDEX


	PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Consolidated Balance Sheets - October 31, 2010 (unaudited) and July 31, 2010 (audited)	3

	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)	4

	Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three months ended October 31, 2010 (unaudited)	5

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited)	6

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	23

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	24

	Part II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	25

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	25

Item 6.	Exhibits	25

Signatures		25

Part 1 Financial Information
Item 1 Financial Statements

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)


	October 31, 2010 (unaudited)			July 31, 2010 (audited)

ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,752		$	8,759
Short term investments		22,807			24,807
Accounts receivable, net of allowances		14,883			13,006
Inventories		9,367			8,882
Prepaid expenses		2,069			2,284

Total current assets		57,878			57,738

Property, plant and equipment, net		11,668			11,858
Goodwill		25,235			24,943
Intangible assets, net		20,280			20,368
Other		389			338

Total assets	$	115,450		$	115,245


LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable – trade	$	7,227		$	6,455
Accrued liabilities		8,041			8,509
Other current liabilities		515			572
Deferred taxes		39			21

Total current liabilities		15,822			15,557

Deferred taxes		2,648			2,582
Other		55			90

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; authorized 25,000,000 shares; no shares issued or outstanding		—			—
Common Stock, $.01 par value; authorized 75,000,000 shares; shares issued: 38,785,800 at October 31, 2010 and 38,782,725 at July 31, 2010		388			388
Additional paid-in capital		306,888			306,561
Less treasury stock at cost: 623,848 shares at October 31, 2010 and at July 31, 2010		(8,854	)		(8,854	)
Accumulated deficit		(203,076	)		(201,954	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,579			875

Total stockholders’ equity		96,925			97,016

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	115,450		$	115,245

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended October 31,
	2010			2009

Revenues:
Product revenues	$	10,184		$	10,744
Royalty and license fee income		3,078			3,311
Clinical laboratory services		12,390			11,110

		25,652			25,165

Operating expenses:
Cost of product revenues		4,606			5,055
Cost of clinical laboratory services		7,573			6,781
Research and development		1,757			2,444
Selling, general, and administrative		11,032			11,580
Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable		1,075			912
Legal		696			256

Total operating expenses		26,739			27,028


Operating loss		(1,087	)		(1,863	)

Other income (expense):
Interest		5			9
Other		14			19
Foreign currency gain (loss)		8			(58	)

Loss before income taxes		(1,060	)		(1,893	)
(Provision) benefit for income taxes		(62	)		79

Net loss	$	(1,122	)	$	(1,814	)


Net loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.05	)

Diluted	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.05	)


Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		38,160			37,855

Diluted		38,160			37,855

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
Three months ended October 31, 2010
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands, except share data)


	Common Stock Shares		Treasury Stock Shares		Common Stock Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock Amount			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Total Stockholders’ Equity			Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Balance at July 31, 2010	38,782,725		623,848		$	388	$	306,561	$	(8,854	)	$	(201,954	)	$	875	$	97,016
Net loss for the period ended October 31, 2010		—		—		—		—		—			(1,122	)		—		(1,122	)	$	(1,122	)
Vesting of restricted stock		3,075		—		—		—		—			—			—		—			—
Stock based compensation charges		—		—		—		327		—			—			—		327			—
Foreign currency translation adjustments		—		—		—		—		—			—			704		704			704

Comprehensive loss																				$	(418	)

Balance at October 31, 2010	38,785,800		623,848		$	388	$	306,888	$	(8,854	)	$	(203,076	)	$	1,579	$	96,925

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended October 31,
	2010			2009

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(1,122	)	$	(1,814	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment		710			529
Amortization of intangible assets		378			414
Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable		1,075			912
Write off and/or reserve taken for obsolete inventory		170			174
Income tax benefit		(32	)		(119	)
Share based compensation charges		327			322
Accrual for 401(k) employer match		161			—
Deferred revenue recognized		(38	)		(113	)
Foreign currency (gain) loss on intercompany loan		(72	)		16

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(2,892	)		(2,078	)
Inventories		(567	)		(487	)
Prepaid expenses		222			(171	)
Accounts payable – trade		559			(99	)
Accrued liabilities		(605	)		(141	)
Other current liabilities		(20	)		(193	)
Other liabilities		(35	)		—

Total adjustments		(659	)		(1,034	)

Net cash used in operating activities		(1,781	)		(2,848	)


Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of short term investments		(41,612	)		(70,301	)
Maturities of short term investments		43,612			73,299
Capital expenditures		(242	)		(1,128	)
(Increase) decrease in security deposits and other		(52	)		49

Net cash provided by investing activities		1,706			1,919



Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		68			74


Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(7	)		(855	)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period		8,759			6,929

Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	8,752		$	6,074

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of October 31, 2010
and for the three months ended
October 31, 2010 and 2009
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Enzo Biochem, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Enzo Life Sciences, Enzo Clinical Labs, Enzo Therapeutics and Enzo Realty LLC, collectively referred to as the “Company” or “Companies”. The consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2010, the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity and comprehensive (loss) income for the three months ended October 31, 2010, the consolidated statements of cash flows and the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and operating results for the interim periods have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosure, normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, have been condensed or omitted. The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended July 31, 2010 and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2010 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The results of operations for the three months ended October 31, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2011.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2009, the FASB issued a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force relating to Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements. This standard provides application guidance on whether multiple deliverables exist, how the deliverables should be separated and how the consideration should be allocated to one or more units of accounting. This update establishes a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. The selling price used for each deliverable will be based on vendor-specific objective evidence, if available, third-party evidence if vendor-specific objective evidence is not available, or estimated selling price if neither vendor-specific or third-party evidence is available. This guidance is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The Company adopted this guidance effective August 1, 2010 which did not have an effect on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Note 2 – Short-term Investments

At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, the Company’s short-term investments, whose fair value approximates cost, are in U.S. Treasury bills, which are purchased at discounts with remaining maturities of under ninety days.

The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the guidance are described below:


	Level 1:	Valuations based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

	Level 2:	Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities

	Level 3:	Valuations based on inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities

At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010 the Company’s short-term investments are classified as Level 1 assets.

Note 3 – Net loss per share

Basic net income (loss) per share represents net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of potential common shares, consisting of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock, is determined using the treasury stock method. Diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 do not include the potential common shares from stock options and unvested restricted stock because to do so would have been antidilutive. Accordingly, basic and diluted net loss per share is the same during these periods.

The following table summarizes the potential number of shares issued from exercise of “in the money” stock options, net of shares repurchased with the option exercise proceeds and potential shares from restricted stock awards, which are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share.


	Three months ended October 31,
	2010		2009

Potential net shares, issued from exercise of “in the money” employee and director stock options and restricted stock awards, excluded from diluted net loss per share calculation		66,000		153,000

The following table summarizes the number of “out of the money” options excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because the effect of their potential exercise is anti-dilutive.


	Three months ended October 31,
	2010		2009

“Out of the money” employee and director stock options		1,075,000		1,181,000

Note 4 – Share-based compensation

The following table sets forth the amount of expense related to share-based payment arrangements included in specific line items in the accompanying statements of operations:


	Three months ended October 31,
	2010		2009

Cost of clinical laboratory services	$	3	$	3
Research and development		3		3
Selling, general and administrative		321		316

	$	327	$	322

No excess tax benefits were recognized during the three month periods ended October 31, 2010 and 2009.

Stock option plans

A summary of the activity relating to the Company’s stock option plans for the three month period ended October 31, 2010 is as follows:


	Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at August 1, 2010		1,132,450		$	14.30	$	—

Exercised		—
Cancelled		(57,077	)	$	15.35

Outstanding and exercisable at end of period		1,075,373		$	14.25	$	—

As of October 31, 2010, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option-based compensation.

Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of the activity pursuant to the Company’s restricted stock awards for the three months ended October 31, 2010 is as follows:


	Awards			Weighted Average Award Price

Unvested at August 1, 2010		417,578		$	5.50
Awarded		3,000		$	3.96
Vested		(3,075	)	$	10.87
Forfeited		(13,983	)	$	6.52

Unvested at end of period		403,520		$	5.41

The fair value of a restricted stock award is determined based on the closing stock price on the award date. As of October 31, 2010, there was approximately $1.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock-based compensation to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of one year.

The total number of shares available for grant as stock options or award as restricted stock is approximately 20,700 as of October 31, 2010.

Note 5 – Supplemental disclosure for statement of cash flows

Supplemental information with respect to the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows is as follows:


	Three months ended October 31,
	2010		2009

Taxes paid – net	$	30	$	6

Note 6 – Comprehensive loss and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

During the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, total comprehensive loss was approximately $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively. At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, the accumulated other comprehensive income relates to foreign currency translation adjustments.

Note 7- Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:


	October 31, 2010		July 31, 2010

Raw materials	$	956	$	921
Work in process		2,148		2,136
Finished products		6,263		5,825

	$	9,367	$	8,882

Note 8 – Goodwill and intangible assets

The Company’s change in the net carrying amount of goodwill by business segment is as follows:


	Enzo Life Sciences		Enzo Clinical Labs		Total

Balance August 1, 2010	$	17,491	$	7,452	$	24,943
Foreign currency translation		292		—		292

Balance October 31, 2010	$	17,783	$	7,452	$	25,235

Intangible assets, all of which are included in the Life Sciences segment, consist of the following:


	October 31, 2010							July 31, 2010

	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net

Finite-lived intangible assets:
Patents	$	11,027	$	(10,184	)	$	843	$	11,027		(10,154	)	$	873
Customer relationships		12,278		(2,548	)		9,730		12,099		(2,248	)		9,851
Non-compete and employment agreements		491		(432	)		59		478		(396	)		82
Website and acquired content		1,020		(584	)		436		1,009		(489	)		520
Licensed technology and other		639		(271	)		368		628		(285	)		343
Indefinitely-lived intangible assets:
Trademarks		8,844		—			8,844		8,699		—			8,699

Total	$	34,299	$	(14,019	)	$	20,280	$	33,940	$	(13,572	)	$	20,368

At October 31, 2010, the weighted average useful life of finite-lived intangible assets was approximately nine years.

For financial reporting purposes, useful lives for intangibles acquired in the Life Sciences acquisitions have been assigned as follows:


Customer relationships		8-15 years
Trademarks		Indefinite
Other intangibles		4-5 years

Note 9 – Accrued Liabilities and Other Current Liabilities


At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, accrued liabilities consist of:

	October 31, 2010		July 31, 2010

Legal	$	753	$	877
Payroll, benefits, and commissions		3,670		4,012
Research and development		709		716
Professional fees		917		963
Outside reference lab testing		189		194
Other		1,803		1,747

	$	8,041	$	8,509


At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, other current liabilities consist of:

	October 31, 2010		July 31, 2010

Deferred revenue		458		496
Other		57		76

	$	515	$	572

Note 10 - Income taxes

At the end of each interim reporting period, the Company estimates its effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full year. This estimate is used to determine the income tax provision or benefit on a year-to-date basis and may change in subsequent interim periods.

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended October 31, 2010 was 5.8% compared to a benefit of 4.2% during the three months ended October 31, 2009. The tax (provision) and benefit for the periods were based on state and local taxes, domestic and foreign tax for tax deductible goodwill and indefinite lived intangibles, and book to tax differences for inventory.

The Company’s effective tax rate for both periods differed from the expected net operating loss carryforward benefit at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 34% primarily due to the inability to recognize such benefit. The carryforward benefit cannot be recognized because of uncertainties relating to future taxable income in terms of both its timing and its sufficiency, which would enable the Company to realize the federal carryforward benefit.

The Company files a consolidated Federal income tax return. The Company files combined returns with California and New York State and City for certain subsidiaries. Other subsidiaries file separate state and foreign tax returns. With few exceptions, the periods that remain subject to examination are fiscal years ended July 31, 2007 through fiscal 2009.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties accrued on any uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. As of October 31, 2010, there is no liability related to unrecognized tax benefits.

Note 11 – Royalty and licensing income

The Company has a license agreement with QIAGEN Gaithersburg Inc. (“Qiagen”) that began in 2005, whereby the Company earns quarterly running royalties on the net sales of Qiagen products subject to the license until the expiration of the patent on April 24, 2018. During the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded royalty income under the Agreement of approximately $2.5 million and $2.6 million, respectively, which is included in the Life Sciences segment.

In April 2007 Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. (“Life Sciences”) and Abbott Molecular Inc. (“Abbott”) entered into an agreement, which is still in effect, covering the supply of certain of Enzo Life Sciences products to Abbott for use in their product line. The parties also entered into a limited non-exclusive royalty bearing cross-licensing agreement (“Licensing Agreement”) for various patents. The Licensing Agreement requires each party to pay royalties, as defined through the lives of related non-expired patents. In connection with a component of the License Agreement, Abbott paid a one-time fee of $1.5 million relating to a fully paid-up license and sublicense, as defined. The one-time fee was recognized as revenue through August 31, 2010 representing the longest expected patent life of the related patents. During the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded approximately $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively, in royalties and license fee income under the Licensing Agreement. Abbott has notified Enzo that they have made a final royalty payment because they are unaware of any non-expired patents. Enzo is presently reviewing its patent portfolio and Abbott’s position. The Licensing Agreement between the parties remains in full force and effect and Enzo continues its commercialization efforts under the contract terms.

Note 12 – Segment reporting

The Company has three reportable segments: Life Sciences, Clinical Labs and Therapeutics. The Company’s Life Sciences segment develops, manufactures, and markets products to research and pharmaceutical customers. The Clinical Labs segment provides diagnostic services to the health care community. The Company’s Therapeutic segment conducts research and development activities for therapeutic drug candidates. The Company evaluates segment performance based on segment income (loss) before taxes. Costs excluded from segment income (loss) before taxes and reported as “Other”, consist of corporate general and administrative costs which are not allocable to the three reportable segments.

Management of the Company assesses assets on a consolidated basis only and, therefore, assets by reportable segment have not been included in the reportable segments below. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.

The following financial information represents the operating results of the reportable segments of the Company:

Three months ended October 31, 2010


	Life Sciences		Clinical Labs			Therapeutics			Other			Consolidated

Revenues:
Product revenues	$	10,184		—			—			—		$	10,184
Royalty and license fee income		3,078		—			—			—			3,078
Clinical laboratory services		—	$	12,390			—			—			12,390

		13,262		12,390			—						25,652
Operating expenses:										—
Cost of product revenues		4,606		—			—			—			4,606
Cost of clinical laboratory services		—		7,573			—			—			7,573
Research and development		1,265		—		$	492			—			1,757
Selling, general and administrative		4,248		4,519			—		$	2,265			11,032
Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable				1,075			—			—			1,075
Legal		99		90			—			507			696

Total operating expenses		10,218		13,257			492			2,772			26,739


Operating income (loss)		3,044		(867	)		(492	)		(2,772	)		(1,087	)

Other income (expense)
Interest		—		—			—			5			5
Other		3		3			—			8			14
Foreign exchange gain		8		—			—			—			8

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	3,055	$	(864	)	$	(492	)	$	(2,759	)	$	(1,060	)


Depreciation and amortization included above	$	795	$	249		$	12		$	32		$	1,088


Share-based compensation included in above:
Cost of clinical laboratory services		—	$	3			—			—		$	3
Research and development	$	3		—			—			—			3
Selling, general and administrative		26		15			—		$	280			321

Total	$	29	$	18			—		$	280		$	327


Capital expenditures	$	113	$	129			—		$	—		$	242

Three months ended October 31, 2009


	Life Sciences			Clinical Labs			Therapeutics			Other			Consolidated

Revenues:
Product revenues	$	10,744			—			—			—		$	10,744
Royalty and license fee income		3,311			—			—			—			3,311
Clinical laboratory services		—		$	11,110			—			—			11,110

		14,055			11,110			—			—			25,165
Operating expenses:
Cost of product revenues		5,055			—			—			—			5,055
Cost of clinical laboratory services		—			6,781			—			—			6,781
Research and development		1,777			—		$	667			—			2,444
Selling, general, and administrative		5,147			4,180			—		$	2,253			11,580
Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable		—			912			—			—			912
Legal		25			71			—			160			256

Total operating expenses		12,004			11,944			667			2,413			27,028


Operating income (loss)		2,051			(834	)		(667	)		(2,413	)		(1,863	)

Other income (expense):
Interest		—			—			—			9			9
Other		3			16			—			—			19
Foreign exchange loss		(58	)		—			—			—			(58	)

Income (loss) before income taxes	$	1,996		$	(818	)	$	(667	)	$	(2,404	)	$	(1,893	)


Depreciation and amortization included above	$	666		$	235		$	13		$	29		$	943


Share-based compensation included in above:
Cost of product revenues		—		$	3			—			—		$	3
Research and development	$	3			—			—			—			3
Selling, general and administrative		32			24			—		$	260			316

Total	$	35		$	27			—		$	260		$	322


Capital expenditures	$	455		$	622			—		$	51		$	1,128

Note 13 - Contingencies

On or about September 22, 2010, Mayflower Partners, L.P. f/k/a Biomol International, L.P. (“Mayflower”) filed an action against Enzo Biochem, Inc. and Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. (together “Enzo”) in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, alleging breach of the stock and asset purchase agreement dated as of May 8, 2008 between Enzo and Mayflower (the “Agreement”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company acquired the assets of Mayflower, and agreed, among other things, to make certain contingent earn-out payments to Mayflower, accounted for as additional purchase price consideration, if certain performance thresholds were met for each of the two annual periods following the closing. Mayflower alleges that Enzo breached the Agreement by allegedly failing to operate the acquired business in good faith during the second earn-out period and engaging in conduct the primary purpose of which was to avoid making a second earn-out period payment under the Agreement. In addition, Mayflower claims that Enzo breached the Agreement by allegedly failing to provide the documentation appropriate to support the calculation of defined financial criteria for the second earn-out period as required under the Agreement.

As part of the litigation, Mayflower moved by Order to Show cause to enjoin the accounting procedure specified under the Agreement. Mayflower’s motion was heard by a U.S. District Court Judge on September 27, 2010, who directed that the parties first go forward with the accounting procedure, as provided under the Agreement, before moving further with the litigation. As provided under the Agreement, Mayflower’s maximum recovery in the event that it is successful on either the accounting or in litigation is settlement of the $2.5 million contingent earn-out in either Enzo common stock or cash, as set forth in the Agreement, plus attorney’s fees. Enzo denies that it is in breach of the Agreement and will vigorously defend the suit.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

Our disclosure and analysis in this report, including but not limited to the information discussed in this Item 2, contain forward-looking information about our Company’s financial results and estimates, business prospects and products in research and development that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. From time to time, we also may provide oral or written forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historic or current facts. They use words such as anticipate,” estimate,” expect,” project,” intend,” plan,” believe,” will,” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of future operations or financial performance. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results of current and anticipated products, sales efforts, expenses, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, intellectual property matters, the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings, and financial results.

We cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will be realized, although we believe we have been prudent in our plans and assumptions. Achievement of future results is subject to risks, uncertainties and inaccurate assumptions. Should known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could vary materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected. As a result, investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of our forward-looking statements. Investors should bear this in mind as they consider forward-looking statements.

We do not assume any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement that we make, even if new information becomes available or other events occur in the future. We are also affected by other factors that may be identified from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, some of which are set forth in Item 1A - Risk Factors in our Form 10-K filing for the 2010 fiscal year. You are advised to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our Forms 10-Q, 8-K and 10-K reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Although we have attempted to provide a list of important factors which may affect our business, investors are cautioned that other factors may prove to be important in the future and could affect our operating results. You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors or to assess the impact of each factor or combination of factors on our business. Consequently, you should not consider any such list to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties.

Overview

The Company is a growth-oriented integrated life sciences and biotechnology company focused on harnessing biological processes to develop research tools, diagnostics and therapeutics and serves as a provider of test services, including esoteric tests, to the medical community. Since our founding in 1976, our strategic focus has been on the development of enabling technologies in research, development, manufacture, licensing and marketing of innovative health care products, platforms and services based on molecular and cellular technologies. Our pioneering work in genomic analysis coupled with its extensive patent estate and enabling platforms have strategically positioned the Company to play an important role in the rapidly growing life sciences and molecular medicine marketplaces.

We are comprised of three wholly owned operating segments that have evolved out of our core competencies: the use of nucleic acids as informational molecules and the use of compounds for immune modulation. Below are brief descriptions of each of the three operating segments (see Note 12 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements):

Enzo Life Sciences manufactures, develops and markets functional biology and cellular biochemistry products and tools to research and pharmaceutical customers world-wide and has amassed a large patent and technology portfolio. Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. is a recognized leader in labeling and detection technologies across research and diagnostic markets. Our portfolio of proteins, antibodies, peptides, small molecules, labeling probes, dyes and kits provides life science researchers tools for target identification/validation, high content analysis, gene expression analysis, nucleic acid detection, protein biochemistry and detection, and cellular analysis. We are internationally recognized and acknowledged as a leader in manufacturing, in-licensing, and commercialization of over 9,000 of our own products and in addition distribute over 30,000 products made by over 40 other original manufacturers.

Our strategic focus is directed to innovative high quality research reagents and kits in the primary key research areas of protein homeostasis, epigenetics, live cell analysis, molecular biology and immunoassays. The segment is an established source for a comprehensive panel of products to scientific experts in the fields of Natural Products/Antibiotics, Autophagy, Cancer, Cell Cycle, Cell Death, Cell Signaling, Cellular Analysis, Endocrinology/Hormones, DNA regulation, Compound Screening, Genomics/Molecular Biology, GPCRs, Immunology, Inflammation, Metabolism, Neuroscience, Nitric Oxide pathway, Obesity/Adipokines, Oxidative Stress, Proteases and Proteosomes, Protein Expression and modification, Signal Transduction, Stress/Heat Shock proteins and Ubiquitin/Ubl signaling.

Enzo Clinical Labs is a regional clinical laboratory serving the greater New York, New Jersey and Eastern Pennsylvania medical communities. The Company believes having clinical diagnostic services allows us to capitalize firsthand on our extensive advanced molecular and cytogenetic capabilities and the broader trends in predictive and personalized diagnostics. We offer a menu of routine and esoteric clinical laboratory tests or procedures used in general patient care by physicians to establish or support a diagnosis, monitor treatment or medication, or search for an otherwise undiagnosed condition. We operate a full-service clinical laboratory in Farmingdale, New York, a network of 30 patient service centers throughout greater New York, New Jersey and Eastern Pennsylvania, a stand alone “stat” or rapid response laboratory in New York City, and a full-service phlebotomy and logistics department.

Enzo Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical venture that has developed multiple novel approaches in the areas of gastrointestinal, infectious, ophthalmic and metabolic diseases, many of which are derived from the pioneering work of Enzo Life Sciences. The Company has focused its efforts on developing treatment regimens for diseases and conditions in which current treatment options are ineffective, costly, and/or cause unwanted side effects. This focus has generated a clinical and preclinical pipeline, as well as more than 40 patents and patent applications.

Results of Operations
Three months ended October 31, 2010 as compared to October 31, 2009

Comparative Financial Data for the Three Months Ended October 31,


	2010			2009			Increase (Decrease)			% Change

Revenues:
Product revenues	$	10,184		$	10,744		$	(560	)		(5	)%
Royalty and license fee income		3,078			3,311			(233	)		(7	)
Clinical laboratory services		12,390			11,110			1,280			12

Total revenues		25,652			25,165			487			2

Operating expenses:
Cost of product revenues		4,606			5,055			(449	)		(9	)
Cost of clinical laboratory services		7,573			6,781			792			12
Research and development		1,757			2,444			(687	)		(28	)
Selling, general, and administrative		11,032			11,580			(548	)		(5	)
Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable		1,075			912			163			18
Legal		696			256			440			172

Total operating expenses		26,739			27,028			(289	)		(1	)


Operating loss		(1,087	)		(1,863	)		776			42

Other income (expense):
Interest income		5			9			(4	)		(44	)
Other income		14			19			(5	)		(26	)
Foreign currency gain (loss)		8			(58	)		66			114

Loss before income taxes	$	(1,060	)	$	(1,893	)	$	833			44

Consolidated Results:

The “2011 period” and the “2010 period” refer to the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Product revenues decreased by $0.6 million or 5% in the 2011 period to $10.2 million as compared to the 2010 period due to the loss of $0.5 million in low margin third-party distributed business and the effect of foreign exchange of $0.1 million.

Royalty and license fee income during the 2011 period was $3.1 million compared to $3.3 million in the 2010 period, a decrease of $0.2 million or 7%. Royalties are primarily earned from the reported net sales of Qiagen products subject to a license agreement and from a license agreement with Abbott. During the 2011 period, the Company recognized royalties of approximately $2.5 million from Qiagen, a decrease of $0.1 million as compared to the 2010 period and royalties and license fees from Abbott of approximately $0.5 million, a decrease of $0.2 million in the 2011 period offset by an increase in other royalties of $0.1 million. There are no direct expenses relating to royalty and license fee income.

Clinical laboratory revenues during the 2011 period were $12.4 million compared to $11.1 million in the 2010 period. The 2011 period’s increase over the 2010 period was $1.3 million or 12%. During the 2011 period, revenue increased due to organic growth of 7% and an increase of 5% in revenue related to a new payer contract with Empire Blue Cross of New York, effective August 1, 2010.

The cost of product revenues during the 2011 period was $4.6 million compared to $5.0 million in the 2010 period, a decrease of $0.4 million or 9%. The decrease is primarily due to $0.3 million attributed to lower product sales volume and $0.1 million in product mix.

The cost of clinical laboratory services during the 2011 period was $7.6 million as compared to $6.8 million in the 2010 period, an increase of $0.8 million or 12%. The Company incurred increased costs due to higher reagent costs and supplies of $0.5 million, attributed to increased service volume and higher laboratory personnel and related costs of $0.4 million offset by a decrease in outside reference lab costs of $0.1 million.

Laboratory personnel and related costs increased primarily due to additional headcounts in phlebotomists to expand patient collection sites and an increase in new senior management during the second half of fiscal year 2010 offset by the realignment of personnel in July 2010 and other personnel related costs.

Research and development expenses were approximately $1.7 million during the 2011 period, compared to $2.4 million in the 2010 period, a decrease of $0.7 million or 28%. The decrease was attributed to lower costs of $0.5 million at Enzo Life Sciences primarily due to the realignment of the research and development workforce that occurred in July 2010 and reduced activities at one location and the $0.2 million decline in clinical trial and related activities and payroll costs at the Therapeutics segment.

Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $11.0 million during the 2011 period as compared to $11.5 million in the 2010 period, a decrease of $0.5 million or 5%. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease at the Enzo Life Sciences segment of $0.9 million in the 2011 period which included declines of approximately $0.6 million of marketing costs due to the lower planned and refocused spending and $0.2 million in general and administrative and personnel related costs, also part of the 2011 plan to reduce and refocus spending. Offsetting these decreases was an increase at the Clinical Labs segment of $0.3 million primarily due to increased payroll and related benefits, principally health insurance costs.

The provision for uncollectible accounts receivable, primarily relating to the Clinical Labs segment was $1.1 million for the 2011 period as compared to $0.9 million in the 2010 period, an increase of $0.2 million. As a percentage of revenues the provision for uncollectible accounts increased to 8.7% in the 2011 period as compared to 8.2% in the 2010 period. The increase is attributed the additional provision required due to change in payer mix.

Legal expense was $0.7 million during the 2011 period compared to $0.3 million in the 2010 period. After giving effect to the non-recurring reimbursement in the 2010 period of $0.5 million in legal costs under our insurance policy, and to reductions in fees in the 2011 period due to negotiated fee settlements and other adjustments of $0.1 million, legal expense in effect was unchanged in the 2011 period.

During the 2010 period, the loss on foreign currency transactions was $0.1 million primarily due to a non-cash loss on the intercompany term loan denominated in British pounds sterling.

The Company’s effective income tax provision rate for the 2011 period was 5.8% compared to a benefit rate of 4.2% during the 2010 period. The tax (provision) benefit for the 2011 and 2010 periods were based on state and local taxes, domestic and foreign tax for tax deductible goodwill and indefinite lived intangibles, and book to tax differences for inventory and differed from the expected net operating loss carry forward benefit at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 34% primarily due to the inability to recognize such benefit. The carry forward benefit cannot be recognized because of uncertainties relating to future taxable income, in terms of both its timing and its sufficiency.

Segment Results

The Life Sciences segment’s income before taxes was $3.1 million for the 2011 period as compared to $2.0 million for the 2010 period. Product revenues decreased by $0.6 million in the 2011 period due to a $0.5 million decrease in low margin third party distributed business and the effect of foreign exchange of $0.1 million. Royalty and license fee income decreased by $0.2 million in the 2011 period. The segment’s gross profit of $8.7 million decreased by $0.3 million in the 2011 period. Gross profit margins increased to 65% from 64% primarily due to reduction of lower margin revenue in the 2011 period. The segment’s other operating expenses, including selling, general and administrative, legal and research and development, decreased by approximately $1.3 million during the 2011 period primarily due to the lower marketing and selling expenses of $0.6 million attributed to the refocus and timing of spending, lower general and administrative expenses of $0.2 million, and reduced research and development expenses of $0.5 million principally due to the realignment of research and development workforce and activities that occurred in July 2010. Such decreases were offset by higher legal expenses of $0.1 million.

The Clinical Labs segment’s loss before taxes was $0.9 million for the 2011 period as compared to a loss of $0.8 million in the 2010 period. The revenue from laboratory services increased in the 2011 period by $1.3 million due to increased service volume due to organic growth and the increase in volume due to the new payer contract with Empire Blue Cross Blue Shield effective August 2010. The 2011 period gross profit of $4.8 million increased $0.5 million over the 2010 period due to service volume increases, offset by increased personnel related costs and other costs to perform increased testing. For the 2011 period gross profit margins were comparable to the 2010 period. In the 2011 period, selling, general and administrative expense increased by approximately $0.3 million primarily due to increases in payroll and payroll related costs attributed to increases in employee benefits. The provision for uncollectible accounts receivables increased by $0.2 million as compared to the 2010 period due the change in payer mix.

The Therapeutics segment’s loss before income taxes was approximately $0.5 million for the 2011 period as compared to a loss of $0.7 million for the 2010 period. The decrease in the segment loss of $0.2 million was primarily due to decreases in clinical trial activities of $0.1 million due to timing of such expenses being incurred and a $0.1 million decrease in payroll related expenses.

The Other segment’s loss before taxes for the 2011 period was approximately $2.8 million as compared to $2.4 million in the 2010 period, an increase of $0.4 million. Legal expenses increased by $0.4 million, although after giving effect to the non-recurring reimbursement in the 2010 period of $0.5 million in legal costs under our insurance policy, and to reductions in fees in the 2011 period due to negotiated fee settlements and other adjustments of $0.1 million, legal expense in effect was unchanged in the 2011 period. Consulting fees decreased by $0.3 million partially resulting from the planned expense reductions, offset by increases in payroll related costs including health insurance benefits of $0.3 million. Interest income, arising from short-term investments in U.S. Treasury bills was minimal in the 2011 and 2010 periods.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At October 31, 2010, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $8.8 million and short-term investments of $22.8 million, or $31.6 million in aggregate as compared to $33.6 million at July 31, 2010. Short term investments are in US Government Treasury bills. The Company had working capital of $42.1 million at October 31, 2010 compared to $42.2 million at July 31, 2010. The decrease in working capital of $0.1 million was primarily the result of funding capital expenditures and the period net loss during the 2011 period offset by changes in net operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended October 31, 2010 was approximately $1.8 million as compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended October 31, 2010. The decrease in net cash used in operating activities in the 2011 period over the 2010 period of approximately $1.0 million was primarily attributed to the decrease in the net loss of $0.7 million, and an increase in non-cash adjustments in the 2011 period over the 2010 period of $0.5 million offset by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $0.2 million from the 2010 to 2011 period, primarily relating to accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

Net cash provided by investing activities was approximately $1.7 million compared to $1.9 million in the year ago period, a decrease of $0.2 million. The decrease is primarily due the net maturities of short term investments in US Government instruments of $2.0 million in the 2011 period as compared to $3.0 million in the 2010 period offset by to capital expenditures of $0.2 million in 2011 period as compared to $1.1 million in the 2010 period.

Biomol International L.P.

As part of the litigation, Mayflower moved by Order to Show cause to enjoin the accounting procedure specified under the Agreement. Mayflower’s motion was heard by a U.S. District Court Judge on September 27, 2010, who directed that the parties first go forward with the accounting procedure, as provided under the Agreement before moving further with the litigation. As provided under the Agreement, Mayflower’s maximum recovery in the event that it is successful on either the accounting or in litigation is settlement of the $2.5 million contingent earn-out in either Enzo common stock or cash, as set forth in the Agreement, plus attorney’s fees. Enzo denies that it is in breach of the Agreement and will vigorously defend the suit.

The Company believes that its current cash position is sufficient for its foreseeable liquidity and capital resource needs over the next 12 months, although there can be no assurance that future events will not alter such view.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to our Contractual Obligations as reported in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2010.

Management is not aware of any material claims, disputes or settled matters concerning third party reimbursement that would have a material effect on our financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon Enzo Biochem, Inc.’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses; these estimates and judgments also affect related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to contractual adjustments, allowance for uncollectible accounts, inventory, intangible assets and income taxes. The Company bases its estimates on experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Product revenues

Revenues from product sales are recognized when the products are shipped and title transfers, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Royalties

Royalty revenues are recorded in the period earned. Royalties received in advance of being earned are recorded as deferred revenues.

License fees and multiple element arrangements

When evaluating multiple element arrangements, the Company considers whether the components of the arrangement represent separate units of accounting, which requires subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the fair value of the individual elements and whether such elements are separable from the other aspects of the contractual relationship.

Revenues – Clinical laboratory services

Revenues from Clinical Labs are recognized upon completion of the testing process for a specific patient and reported to the ordering physician. These revenues and the associated accounts receivable are based on gross amounts billed or billable for services rendered, net of a contractual adjustment, which is the difference between amounts billed to payers and the expected approved reimbursable settlements from such payers.

The following are tables of the Clinical Labs segment’s net revenues and percentages by revenue category for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009:


	Three months ended October 31, 2010				Three months ended October 31, 2009

Revenue category
Medicare	$	2,779	22	%	$	2,852	26	%
Third-party payer		5,623	45			4,867	44
Patient self-pay		2,689	22			2,149	19
HMO’s		1,299	11			1,242	11

Total	$	12,390	100	%	$	11,110	100	%

The Company provides services to certain patients covered by various third-party payers, including the Federal Medicare program. Laws and regulations governing Medicare are complex and subject to interpretation for which action for noncompliance includes fines, penalties and exclusion from the Medicare programs. The Company believes that it is in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and is not aware of any pending or threatened investigations involving allegations of potential wrongdoing.

Other than the Medicare program, one provider whose programs are included in the Third-party payer and Health Maintenance Organizations (“HMO’s”) categories represented 23% and 26% of the Clinical Labs net revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Contractual Adjustment

The Company’s estimate of contractual adjustment is based on significant assumptions and judgments, such as its interpretation of payer reimbursement policies, and bears the risk of change. The estimation process is based on the experience of amounts approved as reimbursable and ultimately settled by payers, versus the corresponding gross amount billed to the respective payers. The contractual adjustment is an estimate that reduces gross revenue, based on gross billing rates, to amounts expected to be approved and reimbursed. Gross billings are based on a standard fee schedule we set for all third party payers, including Medicare, HMO’s and managed care. The Company adjusts the contractual adjustment estimate quarterly, based on its evaluation of current and historical settlement experience with payers, industry reimbursement trends, and other relevant factors.

The other relevant factors that affect our contractual adjustment include the monthly and quarterly review of: 1) current gross billings and receivables and reimbursement by payer, 2) current changes in third party arrangements, 3) the growth of in-network provider arrangements and managed care plans specific to our Company.

Our clinical laboratory business is primarily dependent upon reimbursement from third-party payers, such as Medicare (which principally serves patients 65 and older) and insurers. We are subject to variances in reimbursement rates among different third-party payers, as well as constant changes of reimbursement rates. Changes that decrease reimbursement rates or coverage would negatively impact our revenues. The number of individuals covered under managed care contracts or other similar arrangements has grown over the past several years and may continue to grow in the future. In addition, Medicare and other government healthcare programs continue to shift to managed care. These trends will continue to reduce our revenues.

During the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, the contractual adjustment percentages, determined using current and historical reimbursement statistics, were 83.7% and 82.5%, respectively, of gross billings. The Company believes the negative impact on revenues from the decline in reimbursement rates or the shift to managed care, other primary third party payers, or similar arrangements may be offset by the positive impact of the number of tests we perform. However, there can be no assurance that we can increase the number of tests we perform or that if we do increase the number of tests we perform, that we can maintain that higher number of tests performed, or that an increase in the number of tests we perform would result in increased revenue.

The Company estimates (by using a sensitivity analysis) that each 1% point change in the contractual adjustment percentage could result in a change in clinical laboratory services revenues of approximately $595,000 and $636,000 for the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and a change in the net accounts receivable of approximately $373,000 as of October 31, 2010.

Our clinical laboratory financial billing system records gross billings using a standard fee schedule for all payers and does not record contractual adjustment by payer at the time of billing. Adjustments to our standard fee schedule will impact the contractual adjustment recorded. Therefore, we are unable to quantify the effect of contractual adjustment recorded during the current period that relates to revenue recorded in a previous period. However, we can reasonably estimate our contractual adjustment to revenue on a timely basis based on our quarterly review process, which includes:


	•	an analysis of industry reimbursement trends;

	•	an evaluation of third-party reimbursement rates changes and changes in reimbursement arrangements with third-party payers;

	•	a variance reimbursement analysis of current and historical claim settlement and reimbursement experience with payers;

	•	an analysis of current gross billings, receivables, and collections by payer.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are reported at realizable value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which is estimated and recorded in the period of the related revenue.

The following is a table of the Company’s net accounts receivable by segment. The Clinical Labs segment’s net receivables are detailed by billing category and as a percent to its total net receivables. At October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, approximately 44% and 45%, respectively, of the Company’s net accounts receivable relates to its Clinical Labs business, which operates in the New York, New Jersey, and Eastern Pennsylvania medical communities.

The Life Sciences segment’s accounts receivable, of which $2.3 million or 28% and $2.0 million or 28% represents foreign receivables as of October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010 respectively, includes royalty receivables of $3.0 million and $3.2 million, as of October 31, 2010 and July 31, 2010, respectively, of which approximately $2.5 million and $2.6 million, respectively is from Qiagen Corporation (Note 11).

Net accounts receivable


Billing category	As of October 31, 2010				As of July 31, 2010

Clinical Labs
Medicare	$	972	15	%	$	849	14	%
Third party payers		2,665	40			2,664	46
Patient self-pay		2,619	40			2,024	35
HMO’s		334	5			296	5

Total Clinical Labs		6,590	100	%		5,833	100	%

Total Life Sciences		8,293				7,173

Total accounts receivable	$	14,883			$	13,006

Changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:


	Three months ended October 31, 2010			Twelve months ended July 31, 2010

Beginning balance	$	2,839		$	4,786
Provision for doubtful accounts		1,075			3,480
Write-offs, net		(885	)		(5,427	)

Ending balance	$	3,029		$	2,839

For the Clinical Labs segment, the allowance for doubtful accounts represents amounts that the Company does not expect to collect after the Company has exhausted its collection procedures. The Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts in the period the related services are billed and adjusts the estimate in future accounting periods as necessary. It bases the estimate for the allowance on the evaluation of historical collection experience, the aging profile of accounts receivable, the historical doubtful account write-off percentages, payer mix, and other relevant factors.

The allowance for doubtful accounts includes the balances, after receipt of the approved settlements from third party payers for the insufficient diagnosis information received from the ordering physician, which result in denials of payment and the uncollectible portion of receivables from self payers, including deductibles and copayments, which are subject to credit risk and patients’ ability to pay. During the three months ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company determined an allowance for doubtful accounts less than 210 days and wrote off 100% of accounts receivable over 210 days, as it assumed those accounts are uncollectible, except for certain fully reserved balances, principally related to Medicare. These accounts have not been written off because the payer’s filing date deadline has not occurred or the collection process has not been exhausted. The Company’s collection experience on Medicare receivables beyond 210 days has been insignificant. The Company adjusts the historical collection analysis for recoveries, if any, on an ongoing basis.

The Company’s ability to collect outstanding receivables from third party payers is critical to its operating performance and cash flows. The primary collection risk lies with uninsured patients or patients for whom primary insurance has paid but a patient portion remains outstanding. The Company also assesses the current state of its billing functions in order to identify any known collection or reimbursement issues in order to assess the impact, if any, on the allowance estimates, which involves judgment. The Company believes that the collectibility of its receivables is directly linked to the quality of its billing processes, most notably, those related to obtaining the correct information in order to bill effectively for the services provided. Should circumstances change (e.g. shift in payer mix, decline in economic conditions or deterioration in aging of receivables), our estimates of net realizable value of receivables could be reduced by a material amount.

The following table indicates the Clinical Labs aged gross receivables by payer group which is prior to adjustment to gross receivables for: 1) contractual adjustment, 2) fully reserved balances not yet written off, and 3) other revenue adjustments.


As of October 31, 2010	Total Amount		%			Medicare Amount		%			Third Party Payers Amount		%			Self-pay Amount		%			HMO Amount		%

1-30 days	$	23,198		65	%	$	3,116		58	%	$	10,756		60	%	$	5,357		61	%	$	3,969		99	%
31-60 days		4,452		12	%		457		9	%		2,694		15	%		1,281		15	%		20		1	%
61-90 days		3,417		10	%		330		6	%		1,891		11	%		1,191		14	%		5		—	%
91-120 days		2,143		6	%		180		3	%		1,139		6	%		821		9	%		3		—	%
121-150 days		899		2	%		309		6	%		590		3	%		—		—	%		—		—	%
Greater than 150 days*		1,834		5	%		961		18	%		786		5	%		85		1	%		2		—	%

Totals	$	35,943		100	%	$	5,353		100	%	$	17,856		100	%	$	8,735		100	%	$	3,999		100	%


As of July 31, 2010	Total Amount		%			Medicare Amount		%			Third Party Payers Amount		%			Self-pay Amount		%			HMO Amount		%

1-30 days	$	21,678		66	%	$	2,886		57	%	$	10,846		64	%	$	4,242		59	%	$	3,704		99	%
31-60 days		4,256		13	%		439		9	%		2,458		15	%		1,344		18	%		15		1	%
61-90 days		2,565		8	%		281		6	%		1,337		8	%		935		13	%		12		—	%
91-120 days		1,771		5	%		248		5	%		850		5	%		671		9	%		2		—	%
121-150 days		936		3	%		236		4	%		696		4	%		2		—	%		2		—	%
Greater than 150 days**		1,733		5	%		967		19	%		711		4	%		52		1	%		3		—	%

Totals	$	32,939		100	%	$	5,057		100	%	$	16,898		100	%	$	7,246		100	%	$	3,738		100	%


*	Total includes $780 fully reserved over 210 days as of October 31, 2010.

**	Total includes $805 fully reserved over 210 days as of July 31, 2010.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The liability method requires that any tax benefits recognized for net operating loss carry forwards and other items be reduced by a valuation allowance where it is not more likely than not the benefits will be realized in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under the liability method, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company adopted the accounting standard related to unrecognized tax benefits on August 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of adopting the standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Inventory

The Company values inventory at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. Work-in-process and finished goods inventories consist of material, labor, and manufacturing overhead. Write downs of inventories to market value are based on a review of inventory quantities on hand and estimated sales forecasts based on sales history and anticipated future demand. Unanticipated changes in demand could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and require additional write downs of inventory which would impact our results of operations.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles

Goodwill, representing the cost of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of net assets acquired, and indefinite-lived intangibles are not amortized, but are evaluated annually for impairment. The Company performs its annual impairment test as of the first day of its fiscal fourth quarter or on an earlier date if indicators of potential impairment exist. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. In assessing the recoverability of goodwill, the Company reviews both quantitative as well as qualitative factors to support its assumptions with regard to fair value. The fair value of a reporting unit, which is based on geographic region, is estimated using both a discounted cash flow model and weighted average multiple of revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.

In determining fair value, the Company makes certain judgments, including the identification of reporting units and the selection of comparable companies. Trademarks are considered impaired if the carrying amount exceeds their estimated fair value. The fair value of the trademarks is estimated based on a discounted cash flow model. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future as a result of changes in strategy and/or market conditions, the Company may be required to record an impairment charge. To date, there has been no impairment charges recorded.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets (exclusive of patents), arose primarily from acquisitions and primarily consist of customer relationships, trademarks, licenses, employment and non-compete agreements, and website and database content. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized according to their estimated useful lives, which range from 4 to 15 years. The Company has capitalized certain legal costs directly incurred in pursuing patent applications as patent costs. When such applications result in an issued patent, the related costs are amortized over a ten year period or the life of the patent, whichever is shorter, using the straight-line method. The Company reviews its issued patents and pending patent applications, and if it determines to abandon a patent application or that an issued patent no longer has economic value, the unamortized balance in deferred patent costs relating to that patent is immediately expensed.

Accrual for Self-funded Medical

Accruals for self-funded medical insurance are determined based on a number of assumptions and factors, including historical payment trends, claims history and current estimates. These estimated liabilities are not discounted. If actual trends differ from these estimates, the financial results could be impacted. As of October 31, 2010, the Company has established a reserve of $0.6 million, which is included in accrued liabilities, for claims that have been reported but not paid and for claims incurred but not reported.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and, to a much lesser extent, interest rates on investments in short-term instruments, which could impact our results of operations and financial position. We do not currently engage in any hedging or market risk management tools. There have been no material changes with respect to market risk previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our 2010 fiscal year.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The financial reporting of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Since the functional currency of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is the local currency, foreign currency translation adjustments are accumulated as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. Assuming a hypothetical aggregate change of 10% in the exchange rates of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar at October 31, 2010, our assets and liabilities would increase or decrease by $1.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively, and our net sales and net (loss) or earnings would increase or decrease by $1.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively, on an annual basis.

We also maintain intercompany balances and loans receivable with subsidiaries with different local currencies. These amounts are at risk of foreign exchange losses if exchange rates fluctuate. Assuming a hypothetical aggregate change of 10% in the exchange rates of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar at October 31, 2010, our pre-tax earnings would be favorably or unfavorably impacted by approximately $0.3 million, on an annual basis.

Interest Rate Risk

Our excess cash is invested in highly liquid short term money market funds and short term investments in U.S. Treasury bills. Changes in interest rates may affect the investment income we earn on money market funds and short term investments and therefore affect our cash flows and results of operations. As of October 31, 2010, we were exposed to interest rate change market risk with respect to our money market accounts and short term investments totaling $24.8 million. The money market accounts and short-term investments yield or bear interest rates ranging from 0% to 0.4%. Each 100 basis point (or 1%) fluctuation in interest rates will increase or decrease interest income on the money market funds and short-term investments by approximately $0.2 million on an annual basis.

As of October 31, 2010, we did not maintain any fixed or variable interest rate financing.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s management conducted an evaluation (as required under Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined under the Exchange Act), under the supervision and with the participation of the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer. Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company’s periodic reports.

(b) Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There was no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings

There have been no other material developments with respect to previously reported legal proceedings discussed in the annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2010 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. See Note xx.


Item 1A.	Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Part 1, Item 1, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2010.


Item 6.	Exhibits


Exhibit No.			Exhibit


31.1			Certification of Elazar Rabbani, Ph.D. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2			Certification of Barry Weiner pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1			Certification of Elazar Rabbani, Ph.D. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2			Certification of Barry Weiner pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	ENZO BIOCHEM, INC.

	(Registrant)

Date: December 10, 2010	by:	/s/ Barry Weiner

		Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer, Treasurer and Director