FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INC - Quarter Report: 2012 September (Form 10-Q)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

¨ (Do not check if a smaller company)

Smaller reporting company

FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 000-26481

LOGO

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


NEW YORK		16-0816610
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

220 LIBERTY STREET, WARSAW, NEW YORK		14569
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (585) 786-1100

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the regsitrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

The registrant had 13,787,889 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of October 31, 2012.

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS


	PAGE
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition—at September 30, 2012 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2011		3

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)—Three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011		4

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)—Three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011		5

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)—Nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011		6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)—Nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011		7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		8

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		29

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		47

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures		47

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings		48

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors		48

ITEM 6. Exhibits		49

Signatures		50

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

Financial Statements

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition


*(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)*	September 30, 2012			December 31, 2011
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and due from banks	$	76,951		$	57,489
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits in other banks		94			94

Total cash and cash equivalents		77,045			57,583
Securities available for sale, at fair value		748,618			627,518
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $20,118 and $23,964, respectively)		19,564			23,297
Loans held for sale		1,411			2,410
Loans (net of allowance for loan losses of $24,301 and $23,260, respectively)		1,634,684			1,461,516
Company owned life insurance		46,890			45,556
Premises and equipment, net		36,653			33,085
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net		50,924			37,369
Other assets		37,530			48,019

Total assets	$	2,653,319		$	2,336,353

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	490,706		$	393,421
Interest-bearing demand		472,023			362,555
Savings and money market		673,883			474,947
Time deposits		695,107			700,676

Total deposits		2,331,719			1,931,599
Short-term borrowings		38,282			150,698
Other liabilities		31,476			16,862

Total liabilities		2,401,477			2,099,159

Shareholders’ equity:
Series A 3% preferred stock, $100 par value; 1,533 shares authorized, 1,499 and 1,500 shares issued, respectively		150			150
Series B-1 8.48% preferred stock, $100 par value, 200,000 shares authorized, 173,210 and 173,235 shares issued, respectively		17,321			17,323

Total preferred equity		17,471			17,473
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized and 14,161,597 shares issued		142			142
Additional paid-in capital		67,562			67,247
Retained earnings		168,474			158,079
Accumulated other comprehensive income		5,161			945
Treasury stock, at cost – 376,308 and 358,481 shares, respectively		(6,968	)		(6,692	)

Total shareholders’ equity		251,842			237,194

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	2,653,319		$	2,336,353

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)


*(In thousands, except per share amounts)*	Three months ended					Nine months ended
	September 30,					September 30,
	2012			2011		2012			2011
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans	$	21,048		$	19,180	$	60,096		$	57,286
Interest and dividends on investment securities		4,251			4,594		12,384			13,957

Total interest income		25,299			23,774		72,480			71,243

Interest expense:
Deposits		2,029			2,728		6,596			8,859
Short-term borrowings		171			172		456			354
Long-term borrowings		—			256		—			1,321

Total interest expense		2,200			3,156		7,052			10,534

Net interest income		23,099			20,618		65,428			60,709
Provision for loan losses		1,764			3,480		4,608			5,618

Net interest income after provision for loan losses		21,335			17,138		60,820			55,091

Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposits		2,292			2,257		6,101			6,605
ATM and debit card		1,219			1,117		3,368			3,256
Broker-dealer fees and commissions		609			541		1,630			1,329
Company owned life insurance		433			422		1,300			967
Net gain on sale of loans held for sale		323			318		981			659
Net gain on disposal of investment securities		596			2,340		2,164			2,347
Loan servicing		142			64		645			662
Impairment charges on investment securities		—			—		(91	)		—
Net (loss) gain on disposal of other assets		(114	)		7		(79	)		44
Other		853			970		2,475			2,289

Total noninterest income		6,353			8,036		18,494			18,158

Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		12,438			9,113		30,565			26,384
Occupancy and equipment		2,915			2,722		8,400			8,209
Professional services		1,452			570		3,243			1,823
Computer and data processing		976			603		2,462			1,854
Supplies and postage		899			461		1,930			1,337
FDIC assessments		356			437		957			1,212
Advertising and promotions		261			477		499			895
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—			1,083		—			1,083
Other		2,321			1,546		5,800			4,718

Total noninterest expense		21,618			17,012		53,856			47,515

Income before income taxes		6,070			8,162		25,458			25,734
Income tax expense		1,805			2,664		8,341			8,697

Net income	$	4,265		$	5,498	$	17,117		$	17,037

Preferred stock dividends		368			368		1,105			1,508
Accretion of discount on Series A preferred stock		—			—		—			1,305

Net income available to common shareholders	$	3,897		$	5,130	$	16,012		$	14,224

Earnings per common share (Note 4):
Basic	$	0.28		$	0.38	$	1.17		$	1.10
Diluted	$	0.28		$	0.37	$	1.16		$	1.09
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.14		$	0.12	$	0.41		$	0.34

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		13,703			13,635		13,692			12,876
Diluted		13,759			13,704		13,748			12,968

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)


*(Dollars in thousands)*	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2012			2011			2012			2011
Net income	$	4,265		$	5,498		$	17,117		$	17,037

Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gains on securities:
Change in net unrealized securities gains arising during period		5,053			7,733			8,048			23,654
Deferred tax expense		(2,002	)		(3,063	)		(3,188	)		(9,371	)
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in income before income taxes		(596	)		(2,340	)		(2,073	)		(2,347	)
Related tax expense		236			927			821			930

Change in net unrealized gains on securities, net of tax		2,691			3,257			3,608			12,866
Change in pension and post-retirement obligations:
Change in net actuarial gain\loss		336			146			1,007			436
Related tax expense		(133	)		(58	)		(399	)		(173	)

Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax		203			88			608			263

Other comprehensive income		2,894			3,345			4,216			13,129

Comprehensive income	$	7,159		$	8,843		$	21,333		$	30,166

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

Nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011


*(Dollars in thousands,* *except per share data)*	Preferred Equity			Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balance at January 1, 2011	$	53,785		$	113	$	26,029		$	144,599		$	(4,722	)	$	(7,660	)	$	212,144
Comprehensive income:
Net income		—			—		—			17,037			—			—			17,037
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		—			—		—			—			13,129			—			13,129
Total comprehensive income																			30,166

Purchases of common stock for treasury		—			—		—			—			—			(205	)		(205	)
Issuance of common stock		—			29		43,098			—			—			—			43,127
Repurchase of warrant issued to U.S. Treasury		—			—		(2,080	)		—			—			—			(2,080	)
Redemption of Series A preferred stock		(37,515	)		—		68			—			—			—			(37,447	)
Repurchase of Series B-1 8.48% preferred stock		(96	)		—		—			—			—			—			(96	)
Share-based compensation plans:
Share-based compensation		—			—		863			—			—			—			863
Stock options exercised		—			—		(28	)		—			—			119			91
Restricted stock awards issued, net		—			—		(991	)		—			—			991			—
Excess tax benefit on share-based compensation		—			—		64			—			—			—			64
Directors’ retainer		—			—		(12	)								110			98
Accretion of discount on Series A preferred stock		1,305			—		—			(1,305	)		—			—			—
Cash dividends declared:
Series A 3% Preferred-$2.25 per share		—			—		—			(4	)		—			—			(4	)
Series A Preferred-$53.24 per share		—			—		—			(399	)		—			—			(399	)
Series B-1 8.48% Preferred-$6.36 per share		—			—		—			(1,105	)		—			—			(1,105	)
Common-$0.34 per share		—			—		—			(4,362	)		—			—			(4,362	)

Balance at September 30, 2011	$	17,479		$	142	$	67,011		$	154,461		$	8,407		$	(6,645	)	$	240,855

Balance at January 1, 2012	$	17,473		$	142	$	67,247		$	158,079		$	945		$	(6,692	)	$	237,194
Comprehensive income:
Net income		—			—		—			17,117			—			—			17,117
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		—			—		—			—			4,216			—			4,216

Total comprehensive income																			21,333
Purchases of common stock for treasury		—			—		—			—			—			(554	)		(554	)
Repurchase of Series B-1 8.48% preferred stock		(2	)		—		—			—			—			—			(2	)
Share-based compensation plans:
Share-based compensation		—			—		373			—			—			—			373
Stock options exercised		—			—		(5	)		—			—			31			26
Restricted stock awards issued, net		—			—		(140	)		—			—			140			—
Excess tax benefit on share-based compensation		—			—		97			—			—			—			97
Directors’ retainer		—			—		(10	)								107			97
Cash dividends declared:
Series A 3% Preferred-$2.25 per share		—			—		—			(3	)		—			—			(3	)
Series B-1 8.48% Preferred-$6.36 per share		—			—		—			(1,102	)		—			—			(1,102	)
Common-$0.41 per share		—			—		—			(5,617	)		—			—			(5,617	)

Balance at September 30, 2012	$	17,471		$	142	$	67,562		$	168,474		$	5,161		$	(6,968	)	$	251,842

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)


*(Dollars in thousands)*	Nine months ended
	September 30,
	2012			2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	17,117		$	17,037
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		2,761			2,580
Net amortization of premiums on securities		3,958			4,227
Provision for loan losses		4,608			5,618
Share-based compensation		373			863
Deferred income tax expense		3,684			2,122
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale		42,847			20,464
Originations of loans held for sale		(40,867	)		(19,070	)
Increase in company owned life insurance		(1,300	)		(967	)
Net gain on sale of loans held for sale		(981	)		(659	)
Net gain on disposal of investment securities		(2,164	)		(2,347	)
Impairment charges on investment securities		91			—
Net loss (gain) on sale and disposal of other assets		79			(44	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—			1,083
Decrease in other assets		4,745			353
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities		3,419			(216	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		38,370			31,044

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investment securities:
Available for sale		(245,020	)		(130,587	)
Held to maturity		(10,803	)		(12,018	)
Proceeds from principal payments, maturities and calls on investment securities:
Available for sale		136,912			126,908
Held to maturity		14,479			18,304
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale		2,303			10,077
Net loan originations		(102,391	)		(105,514	)
Loans sold or participated to others		—			13,033
Purchases of company owned life insurance		(34	)		(18,034	)
Proceeds from sales of other assets		549			509
Purchases of premises and equipment		(4,554	)		(3,056	)
Net cash received in branch acquisition		195,778			—

Net cash used in investing activities		(12,781	)		(100,378	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits		113,301			100,781
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings		(112,416	)		25,965
Repayments of long-term borrowings		—			(26,767	)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs		—			43,127
Repurchase of preferred stock		(2	)		(37,543	)
Purchase of common stock for treasury		(554	)		(205	)
Repurchase of warrant issued to U.S. Treasury		—			(2,080	)
Proceeds from stock options exercised		26			91
Excess tax benefit on share-based compensation		97			64
Cash dividends paid to preferred shareholders		(1,105	)		(1,750	)
Cash dividends paid to common shareholders		(5,474	)		(3,806	)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(6,127	)		97,877

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		19,462			28,543
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		57,583			39,058

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	77,045		$	67,601

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(1.) BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

Financial Institutions, Inc., a financial holding company organized under the laws of New York State (“New York” or “NYS”), and its subsidiaries provide deposit, lending and other financial services to individuals and businesses in Central and Western New York. The Company has also expanded its indirect lending network to include relationships with franchised automobile dealers in the Capital District of New York and Northern Pennsylvania. Financial Institutions, Inc. owns all of the capital stock of Five Star Bank, a New York State chartered bank, and Five Star Investment Services, Inc., a financial services subsidiary offering noninsured investment products and investment advisory services. References to “the Company” mean the consolidated reporting entities and references to “the Bank” mean Five Star Bank.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Financial Institutions, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accounting and reporting policies conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, in the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated statements of financial condition, income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the periods indicated, and contain adequate disclosure to make the information presented not misleading. Prior years’ consolidated financial statements are re-classified whenever necessary to conform to the current year’s presentation. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year.

Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the day the financial statements were issued.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, assumptions used in the defined benefit pension plan accounting, the carrying value of goodwill and deferred tax assets, and the valuation and other than temporary impairment considerations related to the securities portfolio.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04, “Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.” The provisions of ASU No. 2011-04 provide a consistent definition of fair value and common requirements for the measurement of and disclosure about fair value between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The changes to U.S. GAAP as a result of ASU No. 2011-04 are as follows: (1) the concepts of highest and best use and valuation premise are only relevant when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets (that is, it does not apply to financial assets or any liabilities); (2) extends the prohibition on applying a blockage factor in valuing financial instruments with quoted prices in active markets; (3) creates an exception to the basic fair value measurement principles for an entity that holds a group of financial assets and financial liabilities with offsetting positions in market risks or counterparty credit risk that are managed on the basis of the entity’s net exposure to either of those risks by allowing the entity, if certain criteria are met, to measure the fair value of the net asset or liability position in a manner consistent with how market participants would price the net risk position; (4) aligns the fair value measurement of instruments classified within an entity’s shareholders’ equity with the guidance for liabilities; and (5) enhances disclosure requirements for Level 3 fair value measurements to disclose quantitative information about unobservable inputs and assumptions used, to describe the valuation processes used by the entity, and to qualitatively describe the sensitivity of fair value measurements to changes in unobservable inputs and the interrelationships between those inputs. In addition, entities must report the level in the fair value hierarchy of items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of condition but whose fair value must be disclosed. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU No. 2011-04 effective January 1, 2012. The fair value measurement provisions of ASU No. 2011-04 had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for the enhanced disclosures required by ASU No. 2011-04.

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FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(1.) BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income.” The provisions of ASU No. 2011-05 allow an entity the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both options, an entity is required to present each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. Under either method, entities are required to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) where the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. ASU No. 2011-05 also eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in shareholders’ equity but does not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. ASU No. 2011-05 was effective for the Company’s interim reporting period beginning on or after January 1, 2012, with retrospective application required. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, “Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05.” The provisions of ASU No. 2011-12 defer indefinitely the requirement for entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement in which net income is presented and the statement in which other comprehensive income is presented. ASU No. 2011-12, which shares the same effective date as ASU No. 2011-05, does not defer the requirement for entities to present components of comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU No. 2011-05 and ASU No. 2011-12 which resulted in a new statement of comprehensive income beginning with the interim period ended March 31, 2012. The adoption of ASU No. 2011-05 and ASU No. 2011-12 had no material impact on the Company’s statements of income and financial condition.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08 “Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” The provisions of ASU 2011-08 permit an entity the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity believes, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further impairment testing is required. ASU No. 2011-08 includes examples of events and circumstances that may indicate that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. The provisions of ASU No. 2011-08 are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed beginning in 2012. The adoption of ASU No. 2011-08 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, “Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment.” The provisions of ASU No. 2012-02 permit an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test, as is currently required by GAAP. ASU No. 2012-02 is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. The Company does not have any indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill, therefore the adoption of ASU No. 2012-02 is expected to have no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

(2.) SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information addressing certain cash payments and noncash investing and financing activities was as follows (in thousands):


	Nine months ended
	September 30,
	2012		2011
Cash payments:
Interest	$	8,046	$	12,425
Income taxes		3,787		5,191
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Real estate and other assets acquired in settlement of loans	$	250	$	237
Accrued and declared unpaid dividends		2,287		2,008
Increase in net unsettled security transactions		11,148		1,341
Accretion of preferred stock discount		—		1,305
Net transfer of loans to held for sale		—		13,576
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in branch acquisition:
Loans and other non-cash assets, excluding goodwill and core deposit intangible asset		77,912		—
Deposits and other liabilities		287,331		—

- 9 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(3.) BRANCH ACQUISITIONS

On January 19, 2012, the Bank entered into agreements with First Niagara Bank, National Association (“First Niagara”) to acquire four retail bank branches in Medina, Brockport, Batavia and Waterloo, New York (the “First Niagara Branches”) and four retail bank branches previously owned by HSBC Bank USA, National Association (“HSBC”) in Elmira, Elmira Heights, Horseheads and Albion, New York (the “HSBC Branches”). First Niagara assigned its rights to the HSBC branches in connection with its acquisition of HSBC’s Upstate New York banking franchise. Under the terms of the agreements, the Bank assumed all related deposits and purchased the related branch premises and certain performing loans. The transaction to acquire the First Niagara Branches was completed on June 22, 2012 and the transaction to acquire the HSBC Branches was completed on August 17, 2012. The combined assets acquired and deposits assumed in the two transactions were recorded at their estimated fair values as follows:


Cash	$	195,778
Loans		75,635
Bank premises and equipment		1,938
Goodwill		11,599
Core deposit intangible asset		2,042
Other assets		339

Total assets acquired	$	287,331

Deposits assumed	$	286,819
Other liabilities		512

Total liabilities assumed	$	287,331

The transactions were accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and accordingly, assets acquired, liabilities assumed and consideration exchanged were recorded at their estimated fair values on the acquisition dates. Fair values are preliminary and in certain cases are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information relative to fair values becomes available.

The operating results of the acquired branches included in the Company’s consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 reflect only amounts from the acquisition dates through September 30, 2012, the end of the third quarter. The operating results of the acquired branches prior to the acquisition dates were not material for purposes of supplemental disclosure under the FASB guidance on business combinations.

The Company acquired the loan portfolios at a fair value discount of $824 thousand. The discount represents expected credit losses, net of market interest rate adjustments. The discount on loans receivable will be amortized to interest income over the estimated remaining life of the acquired loans using the level yield method. The core deposit intangible asset will be amortized on an accelerated basis over a period of approximately nine and a half years. The time deposit premium of $335 thousand will be accreted over the estimated remaining life of the related deposits as a reduction of interest expense.

Preliminary goodwill of $11.6 million is calculated as the purchase premium after adjusting for the fair value of net assets acquired and represents the value expected from the synergies created and the economies of scale expected from combining the operations of the acquired branches with those of the Bank. All goodwill and core deposit intangible assets arising from this acquisition are expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

The following table provides a reconciliation of goodwill and other intangible assets, net:


	Goodwill		Other intangible assets, net			Total
Balance, December 31, 2011	$	37,369	$	—		$	37,369
Addition: Branch acquisitions		11,599		2,042			13,641
Less: Amortization of core deposit intangible assets		—		(86	)		(86	)

Balance, September 30, 2012	$	48,968	$	1,956		$	50,924

- 10 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(4.) EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE (“EPS”)

The following table presents a reconciliation of the earnings and shares used in calculating basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share amounts).


	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2012			2011			2012			2011
Net income available to common shareholders	$	3,897		$	5,130		$	16,012		$	14,224
Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities		—			9			3			29

Net income available to common shareholders for EPS	$	3,897		$	5,121		$	16,009		$	14,195

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Total shares issued		14,162			14,162			14,162			13,409
Unvested restricted stock awards		(99	)		(171	)		(116	)		(164	)
Treasury shares		(360	)		(356	)		(354	)		(369	)

Total basic weighted average common shares outstanding		13,703			13,635			13,692			12,876

Incremental shares from assumed:
Exercise of stock options		4			—			4			3
Vesting of restricted stock awards		52			69			52			59
Exercise of warrant		—			—			—			30

Total diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		13,759			13,704			13,748			12,968

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.28		$	0.38		$	1.17		$	1.10

Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.28		$	0.37		$	1.16		$	1.09


For each of the periods presented, average shares subject to the following instruments were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because the effect would be antidilutive:

Stock options		295			394			309			372
Restricted stock awards		—			—			1			5

		295			394			310			377

- 11 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(5.) INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities are summarized below (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2012
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	96,281	$	3,943	$	3	$	100,221
State and political subdivisions		177,480		7,214		7		184,687
Mortgage-backed securities:
Federal National Mortgage Association		123,346		4,731		—		128,077
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		51,586		1,869		—		53,455
Government National Mortgage Association		60,341		4,019		—		64,360
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Federal National Mortgage Association		60,336		1,463		2		61,797
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		70,456		1,814		—		72,270
Government National Mortgage Association		80,085		1,916		1		82,000
Privately issued		103		698		—		801

Total collateralized mortgage obligations		210,980		5,891		3		216,868

Total mortgage-backed securities		446,253		16,510		3		462,760
Asset-backed securities		157		793		—		950

Total available for sale securities	$	720,171	$	28,460	$	13	$	748,618

Securities held to maturity:
State and political subdivisions	$	19,564	$	554	$	—	$	20,118

December 31, 2011
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	94,947	$	2,770	$	5	$	97,712
State and political subdivisions		119,099		5,336		11		124,424
Mortgage-backed securities:
Federal National Mortgage Association		98,679		2,944		—		101,623
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		63,838		1,017		—		64,855
Government National Mortgage Association		73,226		3,376		—		76,602
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Federal National Mortgage Association		28,339		581		7		28,913
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		22,318		675		1		22,992
Government National Mortgage Association		103,975		2,654		18		106,611
Privately issued		327		1,762		—		2,089

Total collateralized mortgage obligations		154,959		5,672		26		160,605

Total mortgage-backed securities		390,702		13,009		26		403,685
Asset-backed securities		297		1,400		—		1,697

Total available for sale securities	$	605,045	$	22,515	$	42	$	627,518

Securities held to maturity:
State and political subdivisions	$	23,297	$	667	$	—	$	23,964

Sales and calls of securities available for sale were as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2012		2011		2012		2011
Proceeds from sales	$	633	$	15,552	$	2,303	$	24,452
Gross realized gains		596		2,340		2,164		2,344
Gross realized losses		—		—		—		—

- 12 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(5.) INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

The scheduled maturities of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity at September 30, 2012 are shown below (in thousands). Actual expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.


	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
Debt securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less	$	29,303	$	29,629
Due from one to five years		73,220		76,262
Due after five years through ten years		263,593		274,455
Due after ten years		354,055		368,272

	$	720,171	$	748,618

Debt securities held to maturity:
Due in one year or less	$	14,273	$	14,346
Due from one to five years		4,372		4,660
Due after five years through ten years		829		990
Due after ten years		90		122

	$	19,564	$	20,118

There were no unrealized losses in held to maturity securities at September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011. Unrealized losses on investment securities available for sale and the fair value of the related securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, were as follows (in thousands):


	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses
September 30, 2012
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	—	$	4,359	$	3	$	4,359	$	3
State and political subdivisions		625		7		—		—		625		7
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Federal National Mortgage Association		—		—		1,277		2		1,277		2
Government National Mortgage Association		3,457		1		—		—		3,457		1

Total collateralized mortgage obligations		3,457		1		1,277		2		4,734		3

Total mortgage-backed securities		3,457		1		1,277		2		4,734		3

Total temporarily impaired securities	$	4,082	$	8	$	5,636	$	5	$	9,718	$	13

December 31, 2011
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	2,177	$	1	$	5,246	$	4	$	7,423	$	5
State and political subdivisions		452		2		646		9		1,098		11
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations:
Federal National Mortgage Association		—		—		1,817		7		1,817		7
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		—		—		388		1		388		1
Government National Mortgage Association		6,138		18		—		—		6,138		18

Total collateralized mortgage obligations		6,138		18		2,205		8		8,343		26

Total mortgage-backed securities		6,138		18		2,205		8		8,343		26

Total temporarily impaired securities	$	8,767	$	21	$	8,097	$	21	$	16,864	$	42

- 13 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(5.) INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

The total number of security positions in the investment portfolio in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2012 was 11 compared to 14 at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, the Company had positions in 7 investment securities with an amortized cost of $5.6 million and an unrealized loss of $5 thousand that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. There were a total of 4 securities positions in the Company’s investment portfolio, with an amortized cost of $4.1 million and a total unrealized loss of $8 thousand at September 30, 2012, that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months. The unrealized loss on these investment securities was predominantly caused by changes in market interest rates, average life or credit spreads subsequent to purchase. The fair value of most of the investment securities in the Company’s portfolio fluctuates as market interest rates change.

The Company reviews investment securities on an ongoing basis for the presence of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) with formal reviews performed quarterly. When evaluating debt securities for OTTI, management considers many factors, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intention to sell the debt security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether OTTI exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company recognized an OTTI charge of $91 thousand related to a privately issued whole loan CMO that was determined to be impaired due to credit quality. No impairment was recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

Based on management’s review and evaluation of the Company’s debt securities as of September 30, 2012, the debt securities with unrealized losses were not considered to be OTTI. As of September 30, 2012, the Company does not intend to sell any debt securities which have an unrealized loss, it is unlikely the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery and the Company expects to recover the entire amortized cost of these impaired securities. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2012, management has concluded that unrealized losses on its investment securities are temporary and no further impairment loss has been realized in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

- 14 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS

The Company’s loan portfolio consisted of the following as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Principal Amount Outstanding		Net Deferred Loan (Fees) Costs			Loans, Net
September 30, 2012
Commercial business	$	245,404	$	(97	)	$	245,307
Commercial mortgage		403,924		(804	)		403,120
Residential mortgage		139,785		199			139,984
Home equity		275,345		3,866			279,211
Consumer indirect		538,058		25,618			563,676
Other consumer		27,599		88			27,687

Total	$	1,630,115	$	28,870			1,658,985

Allowance for loan losses							(24,301	)

Total loans, net						$	1,634,684

December 31, 2011
Commercial business	$	233,727	$	109		$	233,836
Commercial mortgage		394,034		(790	)		393,244
Residential mortgage		113,865		46			113,911
Home equity		227,853		3,913			231,766
Consumer indirect		465,807		21,906			487,713
Other consumer		24,138		168			24,306

Total	$	1,459,424	$	25,352			1,484,776

Allowance for loan losses							(23,260	)

Total loans, net						$	1,461,516

Loans held for sale (not included above) were comprised entirely of residential real estate mortgages and totaled $1.4 million and $2.4 million as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

- 15 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Past Due Loans Aging

The Company’s recorded investment, by loan class, in current and nonaccrual loans, as well as an analysis of accruing delinquent loans is set forth as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual		Current		Total Loans
September 30, 2012
Commercial business	$	48	$	17	$	—	$	65	$	3,621	$	241,718	$	245,404
Commercial mortgage		24		—		—		24		3,388		400,512		403,924
Residential mortgage		995		—		—		995		1,597		137,193		139,785
Home equity		319		82		—		401		929		274,015		275,345
Consumer indirect		1,111		121		—		1,232		876		535,950		538,058
Other consumer		158		22		3		183		20		27,396		27,599

Total loans, gross	$	2,655	$	242	$	3	$	2,900	$	10,431	$	1,616,784	$	1,630,115

December 31, 2011
Commercial business	$	35	$	—	$	—	$	35	$	1,259	$	232,433	$	233,727
Commercial mortgage		165		—		—		165		2,928		390,941		394,034
Residential mortgage		517		—		—		517		1,644		111,704		113,865
Home equity		749		68		—		817		682		226,354		227,853
Consumer indirect		984		92		—		1,076		558		464,173		465,807
Other consumer		106		10		5		121		—		24,017		24,138

Total loans, gross	$	2,556	$	170	$	5	$	2,731	$	7,071	$	1,449,622	$	1,459,424

There were no loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. There were $3 thousand and $5 thousand in consumer overdrafts which were past due greater than 90 days as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Consumer overdrafts are overdrawn deposit accounts which have been reclassified as loans but by their terms do not accrue interest.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A modification of a loan constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. The Company offers various types of concessions when modifying loans, however, forgiveness of principal is rarely granted. Commercial loans modified in a TDR may involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, requesting additional collateral, releasing collateral for consideration, or substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor.

The following presents information related to loans modified in a TDR during the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).


	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	Number of Contracts		Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts		Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
September 30, 2012
Commercial business		1	$	103	$	103		3	$	536	$	536
Commercial mortgage		—		—		—		4		648		648

Total		1	$	103	$	103		7	$	1,184	$	1,184

September 30, 2011
Commercial business		4	$	75	$	75		6	$	142	$	142
Commercial mortgage		—		—		—		1		280		280

Total		4	$	75	$	75		7	$	422	$	422

- 16 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

All of the loans identified as TDRs by the Company were previously on nonaccrual status and reported as impaired loans prior to restructuring. The modifications primarily related to extending the amortization periods of the loans. All loans restructured during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 are on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2012. Nonaccrual loans that are restructured remain on nonaccrual status, but may move to accrual status after they have performed according to the restructured terms for a period of time. The TDR classification did not have a material impact on the Company’s determination of the allowance for loan losses because the modified loans were impaired and evaluated for a specific reserve both before and after restructuring.

There were no loans modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months that defaulted during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2012 or 2011. For purposes of this disclosure, a loan modified as a TDR is considered to have defaulted when the borrower becomes 90 days past due.

Impaired Loans

Management has determined that specific commercial loans on nonaccrual status and all loans that have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring are impaired loans. The following table presents the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and related allowance of impaired loans as of the dates indicated and average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the year-to-date periods ended as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Unpaid Principal Balance⁽¹⁾		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
September 30, 2012
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial business	$	997	$	1,412	$	—	$	574	$	—
Commercial mortgage		1,432		1,750		—		1,077		—

		2,429		3,162		—		1,651		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial business		2,624		2,624		620		1,640		—
Commercial mortgage		1,956		1,956		664		1,590		—

		4,580		4,580		1,284		3,230		—

	$	7,009	$	7,742	$	1,284	$	4,881	$	—

December 31, 2011
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial business	$	342	$	1,266	$	—	$	361	$	—
Commercial mortgage		605		696		—		583		—

		947		1,962		—		944		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial business		917		917		436		1,033		—
Commercial mortgage		2,323		2,323		644		2,172		—

		3,240		3,240		1,080		3,205		—

	$	4,187	$	5,202	$	1,080	$	4,149	$	—

⁽¹⁾	Difference between recorded investment and unpaid principal balance represents partial charge-offs.

- 17 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors such as the fair value of collateral. The Company analyzes commercial business and commercial mortgage loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Risk ratings are updated any time the situation warrants. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention: Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard: Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the process described above are considered “Uncriticized” or pass-rated loans and are included in groups of homogeneous loans with similar risk and loss characteristics.

The following table sets forth the Company’s commercial loan portfolio, categorized by internally assigned asset classification, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Commercial Business		Commercial Mortgage
September 30, 2012
Uncriticized	$	228,160	$	388,011
Special mention		8,153		8,238
Substandard		9,091		7,675
Doubtful		—		—

Total	$	245,404	$	403,924

December 31, 2011
Uncriticized	$	221,477	$	383,700
Special mention		7,445		2,388
Substandard		4,805		7,946
Doubtful		—		—

Total	$	233,727	$	394,034

The Company utilizes payment status as a means of identifying and reporting problem and potential problem retail loans. The Company considers nonaccrual loans and loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest to be non-performing. The following table sets forth the Company’s retail loan portfolio, categorized by payment status, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Residential Mortgage		Home Equity		Consumer Indirect		Other Consumer
September 30, 2012
Performing	$	138,188	$	274,416	$	537,182	$	27,579
Non-performing		1,597		929		876		20

Total	$	139,785	$	275,345	$	538,058	$	27,599

December 31, 2011
Performing	$	112,221	$	227,171	$	465,249	$	24,138
Non-performing		1,644		682		558		—

Total	$	113,865	$	227,853	$	465,807	$	24,138

- 18 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans and the related allowance for loan losses are presented below as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Commercial Business		Commercial Mortgage		Residential Mortgage		Home Equity		Consumer Indirect		Other Consumer		Total
September 30, 2012
Loans:
Ending balance	$	245,404	$	403,924	$	139,785	$	275,345	$	538,058	$	27,599	$	1,630,115

Evaluated for impairment:
Individually	$	3,621	$	3,388	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7,009

Collectively	$	241,783	$	400,536	$	139,785	$	275,345	$	538,058	$	27,599	$	1,623,106

Allowance for loan losses:
Ending balance	$	4,276	$	6,648	$	796	$	1,232	$	10,808	$	541	$	24,301

Evaluated for impairment:
Individually	$	620	$	664	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,284

Collectively	$	3,656	$	5,984	$	796	$	1,232	$	10,808	$	541	$	23,017

September 30, 2011
Loans:
Ending balance	$	223,708	$	382,267	$	116,399	$	218,936	$	445,296	$	24,639	$	1,411,245

Evaluated for impairment:
Individually	$	2,380	$	2,330	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4,710

Collectively	$	221,328	$	379,937	$	116,399	$	218,936	$	445,296	$	24,639	$	1,406,535

Allowance for loan losses:
Ending balance	$	4,578	$	6,263	$	887	$	1,150	$	9,569	$	530	$	22,977

Evaluated for impairment:
Individually	$	1,039	$	393	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,432

Collectively	$	3,539	$	5,870	$	887	$	1,150	$	9,569	$	530	$	21,545

The following table sets forth the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 (in thousands):


	Commercial Business		Commercial Mortgage			Residential Mortgage		Home Equity		Consumer Indirect		Other Consumer		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2012
Beginning balance	$	4,364	$	6,713		$	801	$	1,164	$	10,618	$	460	$	24,120
Charge-offs		337		27			47		80		1,846		201		2,538
Recoveries		50		91			8		15		722		69		955
Provision (credit)		199		(129	)		34		133		1,314		213		1,764

Ending balance	$	4,276	$	6,648		$	796	$	1,232	$	10,808	$	541	$	24,301

Nine months ended September 30, 2012
Beginning balance	$	4,036	$	6,418		$	858	$	1,242	$	10,189	$	517	$	23,260
Charge-offs		536		374			280		177		4,648		605		6,620
Recoveries		282		167			106		35		2,195		268		3,053
Provision (credit)		494		437			112		132		3,072		361		4,608

Ending balance	$	4,276	$	6,648		$	796	$	1,232	$	10,808	$	541	$	24,301

- 19 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

The following table sets forth the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 (in thousands):


	Commercial Business		Commercial Mortgage		Residential Mortgage			Home Equity		Consumer Indirect		Other Consumer		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2011
Beginning balance	$	4,011	$	5,763	$	957		$	1,050	$	8,319	$	532	$	20,632
Charge-offs		75		194		36			142		1,226		208		1,881
Recoveries		61		158		45			21		371		90		746
Provision (credit)		581		536		(79	)		221		2,105		116		3,480

Ending balance	$	4,578	$	6,263	$	887		$	1,150	$	9,569	$	530	$	22,977

Nine months ended September 30, 2011
Beginning balance	$	3,712	$	6,431	$	1,013		$	972	$	7,754	$	584	$	20,466
Charge-offs		390		572		48			404		3,571		687		5,672
Recoveries		325		197		75			38		1,576		354		2,565
Provision (credit)		931		207		(153	)		544		3,810		279		5,618

Ending balance	$	4,578	$	6,263	$	887		$	1,150	$	9,569	$	530	$	22,977

Risk Characteristics

Commercial business loans primarily consist of loans to small to mid-sized businesses in our market area in a diverse range of industries. These loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. Further, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value. The credit risk related to commercial loans is largely influenced by general economic conditions and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any.

Commercial mortgage loans generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than residential mortgage loans, inferring higher potential losses on an individual customer basis. Loan repayment is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, as well as on the collateral securing the loan. Economic events or conditions in the real estate market could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate loans and on the value of such properties.

Residential mortgage loans and home equities (comprised of home equity loans and home equity lines) are generally made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment and other income, but are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable. Credit risk for these types of loans is generally influenced by general economic conditions, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral.

Consumer indirect and other consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans and home equities, as indirect consumer loans are typically secured by depreciable assets, such as automobiles, and other consumer loans are typically unsecured. In such cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances such as job loss, illness or personal bankruptcy. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans.

- 20 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(7.) SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

The changes in shares of common stock were as follows for the nine month periods indicated:


	Outstanding			Treasury			Issued
September 30, 2012
Shares outstanding at December 31, 2011		13,803,116			358,481			14,161,597
Restricted stock awards issued		57,541			(57,541	)		—
Restricted stock awards forfeited		(49,684	)		49,684			—
Stock options exercised		1,650			(1,650	)		—
Treasury stock purchases		(33,150	)		33,150			—
Directors’ retainer		5,816			(5,816	)		—

Shares outstanding at September 30, 2012		13,785,289			376,308			14,161,597

September 30, 2011
Shares outstanding at December 31, 2010		10,937,506			410,616			11,348,122
Shares issued in common stock offering		2,813,475			—			2,813,475
Restricted stock awards issued		53,070			(53,070	)		—
Stock options exercised		6,357			(6,357	)		—
Treasury stock purchases		(10,467	)		10,467			—
Directors’ retainer		5,889			(5,889	)		—

Shares outstanding at September 30, 2011		13,805,830			355,767			14,161,597

(8.) SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company maintains certain stock-based compensation plans that were approved by the Company’s shareholders and are administered by the Board, or the Management Development and Compensation Committee of the Board. The share-based compensation plans were established to allow for the granting of compensation awards to attract, motivate and retain employees, executive officers and non-employee directors who contribute to the success and profitability of the Company and to give such persons a proprietary interest in the Company, thereby enhancing their personal interest in the Company’s success.

The Company awarded grants of 49,441 restricted shares to certain members of management during the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The weighted average market price of the restricted shares on the date of grant was $17.42. Either a service requirement or both service and performance requirements must be satisfied before the participant becomes vested in the shares. Where applicable, the performance period for the awards is the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2012. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Company granted 8,100 restricted shares of common stock to directors, of which 4,050 shares vested immediately and 4,050 shares will vest after completion of a one-year service requirement. The market price of the restricted stock on the date of grant was $16.74. The restricted stock awards granted to management and directors in 2012 do not have rights to dividends or dividend equivalents.

The following is a summary of restricted stock award activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:


				Weighted
				Average
				Market
	Number of			Price at
	Shares			Grant Date
Outstanding at beginning of year		166,654		$	14.34
Granted		57,541			17.32
Vested		(94,431	)		12.75
Forfeited		(49,684	)		16.67

Outstanding at end of period		80,080		$	16.91

- 21 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(8.) SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS (Continued)

The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation method to estimate the fair value of its stock option awards. There were no stock options awarded during 2012 or 2011. The following is a summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):


						Weighted
				Weighted		Average
				Average		Remaining		Aggregate
	Number of			Exercise		Contractual		Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term		Value
Outstanding at beginning of year		368,058		$	20.70
Granted		—			—
Exercised		(1,650	)		15.85
Forfeited		—			—
Expired		(44,533	)		24.55

Outstanding at end of period		321,875		$	20.19		2.8 years	$	79
Exercisable at end of period		321,875		$	20.19		2.8 years	$	79

As of September 30, 2012, all compensation expense related to stock options had been fully recognized.

The aggregate intrinsic value (the amount by which the market price of the stock on the date of exercise exceeded the market price of the stock on the date of grant) of option exercises for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $2 thousand and $31 thousand, respectively. The total cash received as a result of option exercises under stock compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $26 thousand and $91 thousand, respectively. The tax benefits realized in connection with these stock option exercises were not significant.

The Company amortizes the expense related to restricted stock awards over the vesting period. Share-based compensation expense is included in the consolidated statements of income under salaries and employee benefits for awards granted to management and in other noninterest expense for awards granted to directors. The share-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statements of income is as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2012		2011		2012		2011
Stock options:
Management Stock Incentive Plan	$	4	$	23	$	12	$	51
Director Stock Incentive Plan		—		—		—		14

Total stock options		4		23		12		65
Restricted stock awards:
Management Stock Incentive Plan		34		249		246		694
Director Stock Incentive Plan		17		15		115		104

Total restricted stock awards		51		264		361		798

Total share-based compensation	$	55	$	287	$	373	$	863

- 22 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(9.) EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

The Company participates in The New York State Bankers Retirement System (the “System”), a defined benefit pension plan covering many of its employees, subject to the limitations related to the plan closure effective December 31, 2006. The benefits are based on years of service and the employee’s highest average compensation during five consecutive years of employment. The defined benefit plan was closed to new participants effective December 31, 2006. Only employees hired on or before December 31, 2006 and who met participation requirements on or before January 1, 2008 are eligible to receive benefits.

The components of the Company’s net periodic benefit expense for its pension plan were as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2012			2011			2012			2011
Service cost	$	510		$	439		$	1,528		$	1,317
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation		504			507			1,513			1,520
Expected return on plan assets		(803	)		(664	)		(2,409	)		(1,990	)
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost		5			5			15			14
Amortization of unrecognized loss		343			152			1,028			456

Net periodic pension cost	$	559		$	439		$	1,675		$	1,317

The Company’s funding policy is to contribute, at a minimum, an actuarially determined amount that will satisfy the minimum funding requirements determined under the appropriate sections of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company satisfied the minimum required contribution to its pension plan of $1.7 million for the 2012 fiscal year by contributing $10.0 million prior to December 31, 2011.

(10.) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company has financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk established in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk extending beyond amounts recognized in the financial statements.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved with extending loans to customers. The Company uses the same credit underwriting policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as for on-balance sheet instruments.

Off-balance sheet commitments consist of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2012		December 31, 2011
Commitments to extend credit	$	419,384	$	374,266
Standby letters of credit		10,588		8,855

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Commitments may expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. Standby letters of credit are conditional lending commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. These standby letters of credit are primarily issued to support private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.

The Company also extends rate lock agreements to borrowers related to the origination of residential mortgage loans. To mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in these rate lock agreements when the Company intends to sell the related loan, once originated, as well as closed residential mortgage loans held for sale, the Company enters into forward commitments to sell individual residential mortgages. Rate lock agreements and forward commitments are considered derivatives and are recorded at fair value. The notional value of forward sales commitments totaled $2.1 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

- 23 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(11.) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Determination of Fair Value – Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis

Valuation Hierarchy

The fair value of an asset or liability is the price that would be received to sell that asset or paid to transfer that liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market (or most advantageous market in the absence of a principal market) for such asset or liability. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. There have been no changes in the valuation techniques used during the current period. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

•

Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

•

Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks, etc.) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

•

Level 3—Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recorded as of the end of the reporting period.

In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality and the company’s creditworthiness, among other things, as well as unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Furthermore, the reported fair value amounts have not been comprehensively revalued since the presentation dates, and therefore, estimates of fair value after the balance sheet date may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein. A more detailed description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below.

Securities available for sale: Securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. For these securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things.

Loans held for sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is determined using quoted secondary market prices and investor commitments. Loans held for sale are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Collateral dependent impaired loans: Fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans and is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable and collateral value is determined based on appraisals performed by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business. Such discounts are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above.

- 24 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(11.) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

Loan servicing rights: Loan servicing rights do not trade in an active market with readily observable market data. As a result, the Company estimates the fair value of loan servicing rights by using a discounted cash flow model to calculate the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model are those that we believe market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, including estimates of loan prepayment rates, servicing costs, ancillary income, impound account balances, and discount rates. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s loan servicing rights are the constant prepayment rates and weighted average discount rate. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Although the constant prepayment rate and the discount rate are not directly interrelated, they will generally move in opposite directions. Loan servicing rights are classified as Level 3 measurements due to the use of significant unobservable inputs, as well as significant management judgment and estimation.

Other real estate owned (Foreclosed assets): Nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties classified as other real estate owned are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less costs to sell. Fair values are generally based on third party appraisals of the property, resulting in a Level 3 classification. The appraisals are sometimes further discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business. Such discounts are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized.

- 25 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(11.) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

Assets Measured at Fair Value

The following table presents for each of the fair-value hierarchy levels the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of the dates indicated (in thousands).


	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
September 30, 2012
Measured on a recurring basis:
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	100,221	$	—	$	100,221
State and political subdivisions		—		184,687		—		184,687
Mortgage-backed securities		—		462,760		—		462,760
Asset-backed securities:
Trust preferred securities		—		766		—		766
Other		—		184		—		184

	$	—	$	748,618	$	—	$	748,618

Measured on a nonrecurring basis:
Loans:
Loans held for sale	$	—	$	1,411	$	—	$	1,411
Collateral dependent impaired loans		—		—		3,296		3,296
Other assets:
Loan servicing rights		—		—		1,763		1,763
Other real estate owned		—		—		303		303

	$	—	$	1,411	$	5,362	$	6,773

December 31, 2011
Measured on a recurring basis:
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and government sponsored enterprises	$	—	$	97,712	$	—	$	97,712
State and political subdivisions		—		124,424		—		124,424
Mortgage-backed securities		—		403,685		—		403,685
Asset-backed securities:
Trust preferred securities		—		—		1,636		1,636
Other		—		61		—		61

	$	—	$	625,882	$	1,636	$	627,518

Measured on a nonrecurring basis:
Loans:
Loans held for sale	$	—	$	2,410	$	—	$	2,410
Collateral dependent impaired loans		—		—		2,160		2,160
Other assets:
Loan servicing rights		—		—		1,973		1,973
Other real estate owned		—		—		475		475

	$	—	$	2,410	$	4,608	$	7,018

There were no transfers between level 1 and 2 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.

- 26 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(11.) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value (dollars in thousands).


Asset	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Unobservable Input Value or Range
Collateral dependent impaired loans	$	3,296	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	16% -100% discount
			Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	5.0% ⁽³⁾
				Risk premium rate	10.2% ⁽³⁾

Loan servicing rights		1,763	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	4.2% ⁽³⁾
				Constant prepayment rate	28.4% ⁽³⁾

Other real estate owned		303	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	20% - 61% discount

⁽¹⁾	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

⁽²⁾	Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses.

⁽³⁾	Weighted averages.

Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

There were no assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of or during the three months ended September 30, 2012. The Company transferred all of the assets classified as Level 3 assets at December 31, 2011 to Level 2 during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The transfers of the $1.5 million of pooled trust preferred securities out of Level 3 was primarily the result of using observable pricing information or a third party pricing quote that appropriately reflects the fair value of those securities, without the need for adjustment based on our own assumptions regarding the characteristics of a specific security or the current liquidity in the market.

The reconciliation for all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Nine months ended
	September 30,
	2012			2011
Securities available for sale, beginning of period	$	1,636		$	572
Sales		(360	)		(1,674	)
Principal paydowns and other		—			(54	)
Total gains (losses) realized/unrealized:
Included in earnings		331			1,613
Included in other comprehensive income		(102	)		4,884
Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2		(1,505	)		—

Securities available for sale, end of period	$	—		$	5,341

- 27 -

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(11.) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The assumptions used below are expected to approximate those that market participants would use in valuing these financial instruments.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about the financial instrument, including estimates of timing, amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of the issuer. Such estimates do not consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In some cases, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets. In addition, the disclosed fair value may not be realized in the immediate settlement of the financial instrument. Care should be exercised in deriving conclusions about our business, its value or financial position based on the fair value information of financial instruments presented below.

The estimated fair value approximates carrying value for cash and cash equivalents, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) stock, accrued interest receivable, non-maturity deposits, short-term borrowings and accrued interest payable. Fair value estimates for other financial instruments not included elsewhere in this disclosure are discussed below.

Securities held to maturity: The fair value of the Company’s investment securities held to maturity is primarily measured using information from a third-party pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things.

Loans: The fair value of the Company’s loans was estimated by discounting the expected future cash flows using the current interest rates at which similar loans would be made for the same remaining maturities. Loans were first segregated by type such as commercial, residential mortgage, and consumer, and were then further segmented into fixed and variable rate and loan quality categories. Expected future cash flows were projected based on contractual cash flows, adjusted for estimated prepayments.

Time deposits: The fair value of time deposits was estimated using a discounted cash flow approach that applies prevailing market interest rates for similar maturity instruments. The fair values of the Company’s time deposit liabilities do not take into consideration the value of the Company’s long-term relationships with depositors, which may have significant value.

The following presents (in thousands) the carrying amount, estimated fair value, and placement in the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments as of the dates indicated.


	Level in		September 30, 2012				December 31, 2011
	Fair Value				Estimated				Estimated
	Measurement		Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	Hierarchy		Amount		Value		Amount		Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		Level 1	$	77,045	$	77,045	$	57,583	$	57,583
Securities available for sale		Level 2		748,618		748,618		625,882		625,882
Securities available for sale ⁽¹⁾		Level 3		—		—		1,636		1,636
Securities held to maturity		Level 1		19,564		20,118		23,297		23,964
Loans held for sale		Level 2		1,411		1,476		2,410		2,442
Loans		Level 2		1,631,388		1,664,388		1,459,356		1,490,999
Loans ⁽²⁾		Level 3		3,296		3,296		2,160		2,160
Accrued interest receivable		Level 1		8,952		8,952		7,655		7,655
FHLB and FRB stock		Level 1		6,066		6,066		10,674		10,674

Financial liabilities:
Non-maturity deposits		Level 1		1,636,612		1,636,612		1,230,923		1,230,923
Time deposits		Level 2		695,107		699,402		700,676		702,720
Short-term borrowings		Level 1		38,282		38,282		150,698		150,698
Accrued interest payable		Level 1		4,213		4,213		5,207		5,207

⁽¹⁾	Comprised of trust preferred asset-backed securities.

⁽²⁾	Comprised of collateral dependent impaired loans.

- 28 -

ITEM 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the more detailed and comprehensive disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. In addition, please read this section in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.

FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION

Statements and financial analysis contained in this document that are not historical facts are forward looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”). In addition, certain statements may be contained in our future filings with SEC, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by or with our approval that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward looking statement within the meaning of the Act. Forward looking statements describe our future plans, strategies and expectations and are based on certain assumptions. Words such as “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “projects,” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward looking statements, which speak only as of the date made, and advise readers that various factors, including those identified under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results or circumstances for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected.

Except as required by law, we do not undertake, and specifically disclaim any obligation to publicly release any revisions to any forward looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

GENERAL

Financial Institutions, Inc. is a financial holding company headquartered in New York State that provides banking and nonbanking financial services to individuals and businesses primarily in our Western and Central New York footprint. We have also expanded our indirect lending network to include relationships with franchised automobile dealers in the Capital District of New York and Northern Pennsylvania. Through our wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Five Star Bank, we provide a wide range of services, including business and consumer loan and depository services, as well as other traditional banking services. Through our nonbanking subsidiary, Five Star Investment Services, Inc., we provide brokerage and investment advisory services to supplement our banking business. References to “the Company”, “we”, “our” or “us” mean the consolidated reporting entity and references to “the Bank” mean Five Star Bank.

Our primary sources of revenue, are net interest income (predominantly from interest earned on our loans and securities, net of interest paid on deposits and other funding sources), and noninterest income, particularly fees and other revenue from financial services provided to customers or ancillary services tied to loans and deposits. Business volumes and pricing drive revenue potential, and tend to be influenced by overall economic factors, including market interest rates, business spending, consumer confidence, economic growth, and competitive conditions within the marketplace. We are not able to predict market interest rate fluctuations with certainty and our asset/liability management strategy may not prevent interest rate changes from having a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our business strategy has been to maintain a community bank philosophy, which consists of focusing on and understanding the individualized banking needs of the businesses, professionals and other residents of the local communities surrounding our banking centers. We believe this focus allows us to be more responsive to our customers’ needs and provide a high level of personal service that differentiates us from larger competitors, resulting in long-standing and broad based banking relationships. Our core customers are primarily comprised of households, small- to medium-sized businesses, professionals and community organizations who prefer to build a banking relationship with a community bank that offers and combines high quality, competitively-priced banking products and services with personalized service. Because of our identity and origin as a locally operated bank, we believe that our level of personal service provides a competitive advantage over larger banks, which tend to consolidate decision-making authority outside local communities.

A key aspect of our current business strategy is to foster a community-oriented culture where our customers and employees establish long-standing and mutually beneficial relationships. We believe that we are well-positioned to be a strong competitor within our market area because of our focus on community banking needs and customer service, our comprehensive suite of deposit and loan products typically found at larger banks, our highly experienced management team and our strategically located banking centers. A central part of our strategy is generating core deposits to support growth of a diversified and high-quality loan portfolio.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Branch Acquisitions


Cash	$	195,778
Loans		75,635
Bank premises and equipment		1,938
Goodwill		11,599
Core deposit intangible asset		2,042
Other assets		339

Total assets acquired	$	287,331

Deposits assumed	$	286,819
Other liabilities		512

Total liabilities assumed	$	287,331

The operating results of the acquired branches included in our consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 reflect only amounts from the acquisition dates through September 30, 2012, the end of the third quarter.

We acquired the loan portfolios at a fair value discount of $824 thousand. The discount represents expected credit losses, net of market interest rate adjustments. The discount on loans receivable will be amortized to interest income over the estimated remaining life of the acquired loans using the level yield method. The core deposit intangible asset will be amortized on an accelerated basis over a period of approximately nine and a half years. The time deposit premium of $335 thousand will be accreted over the estimated remaining life of the related deposits as a reduction of interest expense.

In anticipation of the branch acquisitions, we leveraged our balance sheet through the execution of short-term FHLB advances in order to “pre-acquire” investment securities. This strategy allowed us to purchase securities over time and carry out a dollar cost averaging strategy. Our purchase of investment securities was comprised of mortgage-backed securities, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprise bonds and tax-exempt municipal bonds. The cash received at the time of closing the transactions was used to pay down the short-term FHLB advances used to fund the purchase of the investment securities.

Management Transition

In August, the Company announced a management transition resulting from the retirement of Peter G. Humphrey as President and Chief Executive Officer. As part of the transition, John Benjamin, the Company’s Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer announced the promotion of Richard Harrison as Chief Operating Officer and Martin Birmingham as President and Chief of Community Banking, with a combined 45 years of local banking experience. Mr. Harrison and Mr. Birmingham were instrumental in the structuring, negotiating and integrating the branch office acquisitions.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary of Performance

Net income totaled $4.3 million for the third quarter of 2012 compared to $5.5 million for the third quarter of 2011. Net income available to common shareholders for the third quarter of 2012 was $3.9 million, or $0.28 per diluted share, compared with $5.1 million, or $0.37 per diluted share, for the third quarter of last year. Return on average equity was 6.77% and return on average assets was 0.65% for the third quarter of 2012 compared to 9.07% and 0.95%, respectively, for the third quarter of 2011.

Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was reduced by expenses related to the branch acquisitions. Pre-tax acquisition expenses were approximately $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and $3.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, consisting mainly of professional fees, computer and data processing and supplies and postage expended to facilitate the purchase of the branches.

Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was further reduced by expenses incurred in connection with the retirement of the Company’s former President and Chief Executive Officer. Pre-tax retirement-related expenses were approximately $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, consisting of separation pay and a supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”).

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 totaled $17.1 million compared to $17.0 million for the same period in 2011. For the first nine months of 2012 net income available to common shareholders was $16.0 million, or $1.16 per diluted share, compared with $14.2 million, or $1.09 per diluted share, for the first nine months of 2011. Return on average equity was 9.32% and return on average assets was 0.92% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to 9.95% and 1.01%, respectively, for the same period in 2011.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

Net interest income is the primary source of our revenue. Net interest income is the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investment securities, and the interest expense on interest-bearing deposits and other borrowings used to fund interest-earning and other assets or activities. Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates and by the amount and composition of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as well as the sensitivity of the balance sheet to changes in interest rates, including characteristics such as the fixed or variable nature of the financial instruments, contractual maturities and repricing frequencies.

Interest rate spread and net interest margin are utilized to measure and explain changes in net interest income. Interest rate spread is the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid for interest-bearing liabilities that fund those assets. The net interest margin is expressed as the percentage of net interest income to average earning assets. The net interest margin exceeds the interest rate spread because noninterest-bearing sources of funds (“net free funds”), principally noninterest-bearing demand deposits and stockholders’ equity, also support earning assets. To compare tax-exempt asset yields to taxable yields, the yield on tax-exempt investment securities is computed on a taxable equivalent basis. Net interest income, interest rate spread, and net interest margin are discussed on a taxable equivalent basis.

The following table reconciles interest income per the consolidated statements of income to interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis (dollars in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2012		2011		2012		2011
Interest income per consolidated statements of income	$	25,299	$	23,774	$	72,480	$	71,243
Adjustment to fully taxable equivalent basis		603		511		1,678		1,559

Interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis		25,902		24,285		74,158		72,802
Interest expense per consolidated statements of income		2,200		3,156		7,052		10,534

Net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis	$	23,702	$	21,129	$	67,106	$	62,268

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Analysis of Net Interest Income for the Three Months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011

Net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis for the three months ended September 30, 2012, was $23.7 million, an increase of $2.6 million or 12% versus the comparable quarter last year. The increase in taxable equivalent net interest income was primarily attributable to favorable volume variances (as changes in the balances and mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities added $3.7 million to taxable equivalent net interest income), partly offset by unfavorable rate variances (as the impact of changes in the interest rate environment and product pricing reduced taxable equivalent net interest income by $1.1 million).

The net interest margin for the third quarter of 2012 was 3.96%, 6 basis points lower than 4.02% for the same period in 2011. This comparable period decrease was a function of a 1 basis point decrease in interest rate spread, combined with a 5 basis point lower contribution from net free funds (due principally to lower rates on interest-bearing liabilities reducing the value of noninterest-bearing deposits and other net free funds). The lower interest rate spread was a net result of a 30 basis point decrease in the yield on earning assets and a 29 basis point decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

The Federal Reserve left the Federal funds rate unchanged at 0.25% during 2010, 2011 and thus far in 2012. During 2011, the Federal Reserve disclosed that short-term interest rates would be held near zero through at least the middle of 2013, in anticipation of low growth and little risk of inflation. In April 2012, the Federal Reserve further announced that interest rates will likely remain at exceptionally low levels through late 2014.

The yield on earning assets was 4.32% for the third quarter of 2012, 30 basis points lower than the third quarter of 2011. Loan yields decreased 35 basis points to 5.10%, also impacted by the lower interest rate environment. Residential mortgage and consumer indirect loans in particular, down 49 and 68 basis points, respectively, experienced lower yields given the competitive pricing pressures in a low interest rate environment. The yield on investment securities dropped 35 basis points to 2.60%, also impacted by the lower interest rate environment, prepayments of mortgage-related investment securities and the impact of investing the excess cash related to our branch acquisitions into low yielding securities. Overall, earning asset rate changes reduced interest income by $2.0 million.

The cost of average interest-bearing liabilities of 0.46% in the third quarter of 2012 was 29 basis points lower than the third quarter of 2011. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits was 0.47% in 2012, 25 basis points lower than 2011, reflecting the lower rate environment, mitigated by a focus on product pricing to retain balances. Borrowing costs decreased 67 basis points to 0.43%, primarily a result of the redemption of the Company’s 10.20% junior subordinated debentures during the third quarter of 2011. The interest-bearing liability rate changes resulted in approximately $900 thousand of lower interest expense.

Average interest-earning assets were $2.388 billion for the third quarter of 2012, an increase of $297.2 million or 14% from the comparable quarter last year, primarily due to a $244.3 million increase in average loans. The growth in average loans was comprised of increases in all loan categories, with consumer loans up $148.5 million, commercial loans up $72.9 million and residential mortgage loans up $22.9 million.

Average interest-bearing liabilities of $1.891 billion in the third quarter of 2012 were $226.1 million or 14% higher than the third quarter of 2011. On average, interest-bearing deposits grew $223.6 million, while noninterest-bearing demand deposits (a principal component of net free funds) were up $71.7 million. The increases in average deposits were primarily attributable to retail deposits assumed in the branch acquisitions. Average borrowings increased $2.4 million between the third quarter periods, with short-term borrowings higher by $13.0 million, offset by a decrease in long-term funding. There was no long-term debt outstanding during the first nine months of 2012. During the third quarter of 2011 we repaid all of our outstanding long-term debt, including our 10.20% junior subordinated debentures.

Analysis of Net Interest Income for the Nine Months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011

Net interest income on a taxable equivalent basis for the first nine months of 2012 was $67.1 million, an increase of $4.8 million or 8% versus the same period last year. The increase in taxable equivalent net interest income was primarily attributable to a favorable volume variance (as changes in the balances and mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities added $8.3 million to taxable equivalent net interest income), partially offset by an unfavorable rate variance (as the impact of changes in the interest rate environment and product pricing decreased taxable equivalent net interest income by $3.4 million).

The net interest margin for the first nine months of 2012 was 3.97%, 5 basis points lower than 4.02% for the same period last year. The interest rate spread was 3.86% during the first nine months of 2012 compared to 3.85% during the first nine months of 2011. This 1 basis point increase in interest rate spread was offset by a 6 basis point decrease in the contribution from net free funds. The higher interest rate spread was a net result of a 32 basis point decrease in the yield on earning assets and a 33 basis point decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

The yield on earning assets was 4.38% for the first nine months of 2012. The yield was 32 basis points lower than the same period last year, which is attributable to decreases in the yields on the investment security portfolio (down 27 basis points, to 2.70%) and loan portfolio (down 46 basis points to 5.13%).

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 0.52% for the first nine months of 2012, 33 basis points lower than the same period in 2011. Rates on interest-bearing deposits were down 24 basis points to 0.53%. The cost of short-term borrowings decreased 9 basis points to 0.44%.

Average interest-earning assets were $2.259 billion for the first nine months of 2012, an increase of $192.0 million or 9% from the comparable period last year, with a $192.9 million increase in average loans partially offset by a $834 thousand decrease in average securities. The growth in average loans was comprised of increases in consumer loans (up $121.2 million, primarily indirect loans), commercial loans (up $71.4 million) and residential mortgage loans (up $361 thousand).

Average interest-bearing liabilities of $1.803 billion in the first nine months of 2012 were $145.4 million or 9% higher than the first nine months of 2011. On average, interest-bearing deposits grew $116.8 million (attributable to increases of $58.3 in retail deposits and $58.5 million in municipal deposits), while noninterest-bearing demand deposits were up $49.6 million. Average borrowings increased $28.6 million between the first nine months of 2012 and the same period in 2011, with short-term borrowings higher by $49.9 million, offset by a decrease in long-term funding.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The following tables sets forth certain information relating to the consolidated balance sheets and reflects the average yields earned on interest-earning assets, as well as the average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities for the periods indicated (in thousands).


	Three months ended September 30,
	2012								2011
	Average Balance			Interest		Average Rate			Average Balance			Interest		Average Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits	$	168		$	—		0.16	%	$	93		$	—		0.18	%
Investment securities ⁽¹⁾:
Taxable		551,770			3,131		2.27			552,129			3,647		2.64
Tax-exempt ⁽²⁾		194,026			1,723		3.55			140,815			1,458		4.14

Total investment securities		745,796			4,854		2.60			692,944			5,105		2.95
Loans:
Commercial business		248,060			2,884		4.62			216,980			2,591		4.74
Commercial mortgage		409,884			5,672		5.51			368,071			5,254		5.66
Residential mortgage		141,808			1,826		5.15			118,952			1,678		5.64
Home equity		271,131			2,919		4.28			217,808			2,399		4.37
Consumer indirect		544,527			7,034		5.14			450,813			6,608		5.82
Other consumer		26,179			713		10.84			24,644			650		10.47

Total loans		1,641,589			21,048		5.10			1,397,268			19,180		5.45

Total interest-earning assets		2,387,553			25,902		4.32			2,090,305			24,285		4.62

Allowance for loan losses		(24,604	)							(21,118	)
Other noninterest-earning assets		244,548								225,669

Total assets	$	2,607,497							$	2,294,856

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing demand	$	425,739		$	152		0.14		$	366,567		$	144		0.16
Savings and money market		611,564			227		0.15			436,336			248		0.23
Time deposits		695,682			1,650		0.94			706,435			2,336		1.31

Total interest-bearing deposits		1,732,985			2,029		0.47			1,509,338			2,728		0.72
Short-term borrowings		157,973			171		0.43			145,007			172		0.47
Long-term borrowings		—			—		—			10,527			256		9.74

Total borrowings		157,973			171		0.43			155,534			428		1.10

Total interest-bearing liabilities		1,890,958			2,200		0.46			1,664,872			3,156		0.75

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits		447,204								375,518
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities		18,625								14,087
Shareholders’ equity		250,710								240,379

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	2,607,497							$	2,294,856

Net interest income (tax-equivalent)				$	23,702							$	21,129

Interest rate spread							3.86	%							3.87	%

Net earning assets	$	496,595							$	425,433

Net interest margin (tax-equivalent)							3.96	%							4.02	%

Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities							126.26	%							125.55	%

⁽¹⁾	Investment securities are shown at amortized cost and include non-performing securities.

⁽²⁾	The interest on tax-exempt securities is calculated on a tax equivalent basis assuming a Federal tax rate of 35%.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2012								2011
	Average Balance			Interest		Average Rate			Average Balance			Interest		Average Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits	$	119		$	—		0.21	%	$	155		$	—		0.21	%
Investment securities ⁽¹⁾:
Taxable		524,756			9,268		2.35			556,077			11,063		2.65
Tax-exempt ⁽²⁾		170,798			4,794		3.74			140,311			4,453		4.23

Total investment securities		695,554			14,062		2.70			696,388			15,516		2.97
Loans:
Commercial business		239,319			8,343		4.66			212,337			7,617		4.80
Commercial mortgage		407,928			16,743		5.48			363,547			15,701		5.77
Residential mortgage		123,930			4,896		5.27			123,569			5,250		5.67
Home equity		249,044			7,961		4.27			213,001			7,098		4.46
Consumer indirect		519,175			20,216		5.20			433,578			19,677		6.07
Other consumer		24,391			1,937		10.61			24,860			1,943		10.45

Total loans		1,563,787			60,096		5.13			1,370,892			57,286		5.59

Total interest-earning assets		2,259,460			74,158		4.38			2,067,435			72,802		4.70

Allowance for loan losses		(24,305	)							(20,912	)
Other noninterest-earning assets		240,035								215,409

Total assets	$	2,475,190							$	2,261,932

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing demand	$	409,331		$	443		0.14		$	384,651		$	467		0.16
Savings and money market		557,800			761		0.18			446,355			785		0.24
Time deposits		696,051			5,392		1.03			715,390			7,607		1.42

Total interest-bearing deposits		1,663,182			6,596		0.53			1,546,396			8,859		0.77
Short-term borrowings		139,330			456		0.44			89,419			354		0.53
Long-term borrowings		—			—		—			21,265			1,321		8.29

Total borrowings		139,330			456		0.44			110,684			1,675		2.02

Total interest-bearing liabilities		1,802,512			7,052		0.52			1,657,080			10,534		0.85

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits		411,036								361,393
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities		16,268								14,537
Shareholders’ equity		245,374								228,922

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	2,475,190							$	2,261,932

Net interest income (tax-equivalent)				$	67,106							$	62,268

Interest rate spread							3.86	%							3.85	%

Net earning assets	$	456,948							$	410,355

Net interest margin (tax-equivalent)							3.97	%							4.02	%

Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities							125.35	%							124.76	%

⁽¹⁾	Investment securities are shown at amortized cost and include non-performing securities.

⁽²⁾	The interest on tax-exempt securities is calculated on a tax equivalent basis assuming a Federal tax rate of 35%.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The following table presents, on a tax equivalent basis, the relative contribution of changes in volumes and changes in rates to changes in net interest income for the periods indicated. The change in interest not solely due to changes in volume or rate has been allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each (in thousands):


	Three months ended									Nine months ended
	September 30, 2012 vs. 2011									September 30, 2012 vs. 2011
Increase (decrease) in:	Volume			Rate			Total			Volume			Rate			Total
Interest income:
Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Investment securities:
Taxable		(2	)		(514	)		(516	)		(600	)		(1,195	)		(1,795	)
Tax-exempt		494			(229	)		265			895			(554	)		341

Total investment securities		492			(743	)		(251	)		295			(1,749	)		(1,454	)
Loans:
Commercial business		363			(70	)		293			946			(220	)		726
Commercial mortgage		583			(165	)		418			1,849			(807	)		1,042
Residential mortgage		303			(155	)		148			15			(369	)		(354	)
Home equity		575			(55	)		520			1,162			(299	)		863
Consumer indirect		1,270			(844	)		426			3,564			(3,025	)		539
Other consumer		41			22			63			(37	)		31			(6	)

Total loans		3,135			(1,267	)		1,868			7,499			(4,689	)		2,810

Total interest income		3,627			(2,010	)		1,617			7,794			(6,438	)		1,356

Interest expense:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing demand		22			(14	)		8			29			(53	)		(24	)
Savings and money market		81			(102	)		(21	)		173			(197	)		(24	)
Time deposits		(35	)		(651	)		(686	)		(201	)		(2,014	)		(2,215	)

Total interest-bearing deposits		68			(767	)		(699	)		1			(2,264	)		(2,263	)
Short-term borrowings		15			(16	)		(1	)		171			(69	)		102
Long-term borrowings		(128	)		(128	)		(256	)		(660	)		(661	)		(1,321	)

Total borrowings		(113	)		(144	)		(257	)		(489	)		(730	)		(1,219	)

Total interest expense		(45	)		(911	)		(956	)		(488	)		(2,994	)		(3,482	)

Net interest income	$	3,672		$	(1,099	)	$	2,573		$	8,282		$	(3,444	)	$	4,838

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses is based upon credit loss experience, growth or contraction of specific segments of the loan portfolio, and the estimate of losses inherent in the current loan portfolio. There were provisions for loan losses of $1.8 million and $4.6 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012, compared with provisions of $3.5 million and $5.6 million for the corresponding periods in 2011, respectively. See “Allowance for Loan Losses” under the section titled “Lending Activities” included herein for additional information.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Noninterest Income

The following table details the major categories of noninterest income for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three months ended					Nine months ended
	September 30,					September 30,
	2012			2011		2012			2011
Service charges on deposits	$	2,292		$	2,257	$	6,101		$	6,605
ATM and debit card		1,219			1,117		3,368			3,256
Broker-dealer fees and commissions		609			541		1,630			1,329
Company owned life insurance		433			422		1,300			967
Net gain on sale of loans held for sale		323			318		981			659
Net gain on disposal of investment securities		596			2,340		2,164			2,347
Loan servicing		142			64		645			662
Impairment charges on investment securities		—			—		(91	)		—
Net (loss) gain on disposal of other assets		(114	)		7		(79	)		44
Other		853			970		2,475			2,289

Total noninterest income	$	6,353		$	8,036	$	18,494		$	18,158

The components of noninterest income fluctuated as discussed below.

Service charges on deposit accounts were up $35 thousand or 2% in the third quarter of 2012 and down $504 thousand or 8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods a year earlier. The increase in service charges on deposit accounts during the third quarter reflects the accounts added from the branch acquisitions in June 2012 and August 2012. The year-to-date decrease was due to a reduction in consumer non-sufficient funds charges.

ATM and debit card income was up $102 thousand or 9% and $112 thousand or 3%, respectively, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods of 2011. The increased popularity of electronic banking and transaction processing has resulted in higher ATM and debit card point-of-sale usage income.

Broker-dealer fees and commissions were up $68 thousand or 13% and $301 thousand or 23%, respectively, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods of 2011. Broker-dealer fees and commissions fluctuate mainly due to sales volume, which increased during 2012 as a result of improving market and economic conditions and our renewed focus on this line of business.

During the third quarter of 2011 we purchased an additional $18.0 million of company owned life insurance. The increased amount of insurance was largely responsible for the 2012 increases in company owned life insurance income when compared to the three and nine month periods in 2011.

Gains from the sale of loans held for sale increased $5 thousand in the third quarter of 2012 and $322 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods a year earlier, due to increased origination volume related primarily to refinancing activity, a result of low interest rates.

Loan servicing income represents fees earned for servicing loans sold to third parties, net of amortization expense and impairment losses, if any, associated with capitalized loan servicing assets. Loan servicing income was up $78 thousand in the third quarter of 2012 and was down $17 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods a year ago. The increase in loan servicing income for the third quarter of 2012 was primarily due to the aforementioned increase in loan origination volume and loan sale margins.

We recognized pre-tax gains on investment securities of $596 thousand and $2.2 million from the sale of pooled trust-preferred securities in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012, respectively. Each of the securities had been written down in prior periods and was included in non-performing assets at the end of the quarter preceding its sale. We continue to monitor the market for the trust-preferred securities and evaluate the potential for future dispositions. The amount and timing of our sale of investments securities is dependent on a number of factors, including our prudent efforts to realize gains while managing duration, premium and credit risk.

Disposals of other assets resulted in a net loss of $114 thousand in the third quarter of 2012. Due to their proximity to our existing locations we consolidated four branches as part of the branch acquisitions. The majority of the loss on the disposal of other assets was due to write-off of leasehold improvements and other fixed assets for these branches that were closed.

Other noninterest income decreased $117 thousand or 12% in the third quarter of 2012 and increased $186 thousand or 8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods a year earlier. Other noninterest income for the third quarter of 2011 includes $152 thousand of insurance proceeds. Income from our investment in several limited partnerships comprised the majority of the year-to-date increase.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Noninterest Expense

The following table details the major categories of noninterest expense for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2012		2011		2012		2011
Salaries and employee benefits	$	12,438	$	9,113	$	30,565	$	26,384
Occupancy and equipment		2,915		2,722		8,400		8,209
Professional services		1,452		570		3,243		1,823
Computer and data processing		976		603		2,462		1,854
Supplies and postage		899		461		1,930		1,337
FDIC assessments		356		437		957		1,212
Advertising and promotions		261		477		499		895
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—		1,083		—		1,083
Other		2,321		1,546		5,800		4,718

Total noninterest expense	$	21,618	$	17,012	$	53,856	$	47,515

The components of noninterest expense fluctuated as discussed below.

During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012, salaries and employee benefits increased by $3.3 million or 36% and $4.2 million or 16%, respectively, when compared to the same periods one year earlier. Included in salaries and employee benefits for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012 are pre-tax costs of approximately $2.6 million that were incurred in association with the retirement of our CEO. After adjusting for these expenses, the increase in salaries and employee benefits for the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2012 when compared to the same periods in 2011 are attributable to higher pension costs along with increased staffing levels. Full time equivalents increased by 8% from 575 at September 30, 2011 to 623 at September 30, 2012, primarily due to the branch acquisitions.

Professional fees, computer and data processing and supplies and postage, increased collectively by $1.7 million in the third quarter of 2012 and $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, when compared to the same periods one year earlier, due to expenses related to the branch acquisition transactions. The management transition described earlier also contributed to the increase in professional fees.

Advertising and promotions costs were down $216 thousand or 45% in the third quarter of 2012 and $396 thousand or 44% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods a year earlier, due to the timing of marketing campaigns and promotions, coupled with cost management strategies.

We redeemed all of the 10.20% junior subordinated debentures during the third quarter of 2011. As a result of the redemption, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.1 million, consisting of a redemption premium of $852 thousand and a write-off of the remaining unamortized issuance costs of $231 thousand.

Other noninterest expense was $2.3 million in the third quarter of 2012 and $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, representing increases of $775 thousand and $1.1 million, respectively, from the same periods in 2011. The increases in other noninterest expenses were primarily related to the branch acquisition transactions.

The efficiency ratio for the third quarter of 2012 was 73.04% compared with 62.97% for the third quarter of 2011, and 64.29% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 60.58% for the same period a year ago. Our higher efficiency ratio was primarily the result of the aforementioned branch acquisition and CEO retirement expenses. The efficiency ratio equals noninterest expense less other real estate expense and amortization of intangible assets as a percentage of net revenue, defined as the sum of tax-equivalent net interest income and noninterest income before net gains and impairment charges on investment securities.

Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of $1.8 million in the third quarter of 2012, compared to of $2.7 million in the third quarter of 2011. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2012, income tax expense totaled $8.3 million compared to $8.7 million in the same period of 2011. These changes were due in part to decreases of $2.1 million and $276 thousand in pre-tax income for the three and nine month periods of 2012, respectively, compared to the prior year. The effective tax rates recorded for 2012 on a quarter-to-date and year-to-date basis were 29.7% and 32.8%, respectively, in comparison to the September 30, 2011 quarter-to-date and year-to-date effective tax rates of 32.6% and 33.8%, respectively. The lower effective tax rates in 2012 were a result of the greater impact of tax-exempt income on lower taxable income. Effective tax rates are impacted by items of income and expense that are not subject to federal or state taxation. Our effective tax rates reflect the impact of these items, which include, but are not limited to, interest income from tax-exempt securities and earnings on company owned life insurance.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Investment Securities

The following table sets forth selected information regarding the composition of our investment securities portfolio as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Investment Securities Portfolio Composition
	September 30, 2012				December 31, 2011
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value		Cost		Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and government-sponsored enterprise securities	$	96,281	$	100,221	$	94,947	$	97,712
State and political subdivisions		177,480		184,687		119,099		124,424
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency mortgage-backed securities		446,150		461,959		390,375		401,596
Non-Agency mortgage-backed securities		103		801		327		2,089
Asset-backed securities ⁽¹⁾		157		950		297		1,697

Total available for sale securities		720,171		748,618		605,045		627,518
Securities held to maturity:
State and political subdivisions		19,564		20,118		23,297		23,964

Total investment securities	$	739,735	$	768,736	$	628,342	$	651,482

⁽¹⁾	Includes non-performing investment securities. See “Non-Performing Assets and Potential Problem Loans” under the section titled “Lending Activities” included herein for additional information.

Investment securities available for sale increased $121.1 million or 19%, from $627.5 million at December 31, 2011 to $748.6 million at September 30, 2012. When comparing those same periods, the net unrealized gain on investment securities available for sale increased $6.0 million or 27%. As previously discussed, we leveraged our balance sheet through the execution of short-term FHLB advances in order to “pre-acquire” investment securities in anticipation of the branch acquisitions. Our purchase of investment securities was comprised of mortgage-backed securities, U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprise bonds and tax-exempt municipal bonds. This strategy allowed us to purchase securities over time and carry out a dollar cost averaging strategy.

Impairment Assessment

We review investment securities on an ongoing basis for the presence of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) with formal reviews performed quarterly. When evaluating debt securities for OTTI, management considers many factors, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intention to sell the debt security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether OTTI exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

Securities Deemed to be Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired

There were no securities deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired during the three months ended September 30, 2012. Through the impairment assessment process, we determined that a privately issued whole loan CMO was other-than-temporarily impaired due to credit quality at March 31, 2012 and recognized an OTTI charge of $91 thousand related to that security during the first quarter of 2012. No impairment was recorded in the three months or nine months ended September 30, 2011.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

LENDING ACTIVITIES

The following table sets forth selected information regarding the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated (in thousands).


	Loan Portfolio Composition
	September 30, 2012					December 31, 2011
	Amount		% of Total			Amount		% of Total
Commercial business	$	245,307		14.8	%	$	233,836		15.7	%
Commercial mortgage		403,120		24.3			393,244		26.5

Total commercial		648,427		39.1			627,080		42.2
Residential mortgage		139,984		8.4			113,911		7.7
Home equity		279,211		16.8			231,766		15.6
Consumer indirect		563,676		34.0			487,713		32.9
Other consumer		27,687		1.7			24,306		1.6

Total consumer		870,574		52.5			743,785		50.1

Total loans		1,658,985		100.0	%		1,484,776		100.0	%

Allowance for loan losses		24,301					23,260

Total loans, net	$	1,634,684				$	1,461,516

Total loans increased $174.2 million to $1.659 billion as of September 30, 2012 from $1.485 billion as of December 31, 2011. The majority of the increase related to organic loan growth, however, the increase also reflects loans acquired in the branch acquisition.

Commercial loans increased $21.3 million and represented 39.1% of total loans as of September 30, 2012, a result of our continued commercial business development efforts.

Residential mortgage loans increased $26.1 million to $140.0 million as of September 30, 2012 in comparison to $113.9 million as of December 31, 2011. This category of loans increased as a result of residential mortgage loans acquired in the branch acquisitions.

Our home equity portfolio, which consists of home equity loans and lines, totaled $279.2 million as of September 30, 2012, up $47.4 million or 20% compared to December 31, 2011. At the time of closing, we acquired home equity loans and lines totaling $29.7 million in the branch acquisitions. As of September 30, 2012, approximately 67% of the loans in the home equity portfolio were first lien positions.

The consumer indirect portfolio increased $76.0 million to $563.7 million as of September 30, 2012, from $487.7 million as of December 31, 2011. During the first nine months of 2012, we originated $242.2 million in indirect auto loans with an equal mix of new auto and used auto. This compares with $192.7 million in indirect loan auto originations with a mix of approximately 46% new auto and 54% used auto for the same period in 2011.

Loans Held for Sale and Loan Servicing Rights

Loans held for sale (not included in the loan portfolio composition table) totaled $1.4 million and $2.4 million as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, all of which were residential real estate loans.

We sell certain qualifying newly originated or refinanced residential real estate mortgages on the secondary market. Residential real estate mortgages serviced for others, which are not included in the consolidated statements of financial condition, amounted to $280.6 million as of September 30, 2012 and $297.8 million as of December 31, 2011.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table sets forth an analysis of the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated (in thousands).


	Loan Loss Analysis
	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2012			2011			2012			2011
Balance as of beginning of period	$	24,120		$	20,632		$	23,260		$	20,466
Charge-offs:
Commercial business		337			75			536			390
Commercial mortgage		27			194			374			572
Residential mortgage		47			36			280			48
Home equity		80			142			177			404
Consumer indirect		1,846			1,226			4,648			3,571
Other consumer		201			208			605			687

Total charge-offs		2,538			1,881			6,620			5,672
Recoveries:
Commercial business		50			61			282			325
Commercial mortgage		91			158			167			197
Residential mortgage		8			45			106			75
Home equity		15			21			35			38
Consumer indirect		722			371			2,195			1,576
Other consumer		69			90			268			354

Total recoveries		955			746			3,053			2,565

Net charge-offs		1,583			1,135			3,567			3,107
Provision for loan losses		1,764			3,480			4,608			5,618

Balance at end of period	$	24,301		$	22,977		$	24,301		$	22,977

Net loan charge-offs to average loans (annualized)		0.38	%		0.32	%		0.30	%		0.30	%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans		1.46	%		1.60	%		1.46	%		1.60	%
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans		233	%		295	%		233	%		295	%

The allowance for loan losses represents the estimated amount of probable credit losses inherent in our loan portfolio. We perform periodic, systematic reviews of the loan portfolio to estimate probable losses in the respective loan portfolios. In addition, we regularly evaluate prevailing economic and business conditions, industry concentrations, changes in the size and characteristics of the portfolio and other pertinent factors. The process we use to determine the overall allowance for loan losses is based on this analysis. Based on this analysis, we believe the allowance for loan losses is adequate as of September 30, 2012.

Assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses involves substantial uncertainties and is based upon management’s evaluation of the amounts required to meet estimated charge-offs in the loan portfolio after weighing a variety of factors, including the risk-profile of our loan products and customers.

The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is subject to ongoing management review. While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Net charge-offs of $1.6 million in the third quarter of 2012 represented 0.38% of average loans on an annualized basis compared to $1.1 million or 0.32% in the third quarter of 2011. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, net charge-offs of $3.6 million and $3.1 million, respectively, represented 0.30% of average loans for both periods. The provision for loan losses exceeded net charge-offs by $181 thousand and $1.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.

The allowance for loan losses was $24.3 million at September 30, 2012, compared with $23.3 million at December 31, 2011 and $23.0 million at September 30, 2011. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to total loans was 1.46% at September 30, 2012, compared with 1.57% at December 31, 2011 and 1.60% at September 30, 2011. Contributing to this ratio decline were the loans obtained in the branch acquisitions, which were recorded at fair market value as of the acquisition date with no allowance carried over, as required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Non-Performing Assets and Potential Problem Loans

The table below sets forth the amounts and categories of the Company’s non-performing assets at the dates indicated (in thousands).


	Non-Performing Assets
	September 30,			December 31,			September 30,
	2012			2011			2011
Nonaccrual loans:
Commercial business	$	3,621		$	1,259		$	2,380
Commercial mortgage		3,388			2,928			2,330
Residential mortgage		1,597			1,644			1,996
Home equity		929			682			501
Consumer indirect		876			558			586
Other consumer		20			—			—

Total nonaccrual loans		10,431			7,071			7,793
Accruing loans 90 days or more delinquent		3			5			4

Total non-performing loans		10,434			7,076			7,797
Foreclosed assets		303			475			582
Non-performing investment securities		766			1,636			5,341

Total non-performing assets	$	11,503		$	9,187		$	13,720

Non-performing loans to total loans		0.63	%		0.48	%		0.54	%
Non-performing assets to total assets		0.43	%		0.39	%		0.58	%

Changes in the level of nonaccrual loans typically represent increases for loans that reach a specified past due status, offset by reductions for loans that are charged-off, paid down, sold, transferred to foreclosed real estate, or are no longer classified as nonaccrual because they have returned to accrual status. Activity in nonaccrual loans for periods indicated was as follows (in thousands).


	Three months			Nine months
	ended			ended
	September 30, 2012			September 30, 2012
Nonaccrual loans, beginning of period	$	11,334		$	7,071
Additions		3,617			15,169
Payments		(1,597	)		(4,601	)
Charge-offs		(2,413	)		(6,282	)
Returned to accruing status		(443	)		(676	)
Transferred to other real estate or repossessed assets		(67	)		(250	)

Nonaccrual loans, end of period	$	10,431		$	10,431

Non-performing assets include non-performing loans, foreclosed assets and non-performing investment securities. Non-performing assets at September 30, 2012 were $11.5 million, an increase of $2.3 million from the $9.2 million balance at December 31, 2011.

Non-performing loans were $10.4 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $3.4 million from the $7.1 million balance at December 31, 2011. Commercial non-performing loans increased $2.8 million from December 31, 2011 primarily due to the addition of two commercial borrowers. As of September 30, 2012, these two commercial borrowers comprised 48% of the total non-performing commercial loan balance and 32% of all non-performing loans. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans was 0.63% at September 30, 2012, compared to 0.48% at December 31, 2011. The average of our peer group was 2.76% of total loans at June 30, 2012, the most recent period for which information is available (Source: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council — Bank Holding Company Performance Report as of June 30, 2012 — Top-tier bank holding companies having consolidated assets between $1 billion and $3 billion).

Foreclosed assets consist of real property formerly pledged as collateral to loans, which we have acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. Foreclosed asset holdings represented 5 properties totaling $303 thousand at September 30, 2012 and 8 properties totaling $475 thousand at December 31, 2011.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

As of September 30, 2012, non-performing investment securities for which we have stopped accruing interest consisted of 6 securities with a total fair value of $766 thousand, compared to 10 securities with a fair value of $1.6 million at December 31, 2011. The non-performing investment securities are pooled trust preferred securities included in non-performing assets at fair value. During the first nine months of 2012 we recognized pre-tax gains totaling $2.2 million from the sale of four securities that had been written down in prior periods and classified as non-performing. These securities had a fair value of $865 thousand at December 31, 2011.

Potential problem loans are loans that are currently performing, but information known about possible credit problems of the borrowers causes management to have concern as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the present loan payment terms and may result in disclosure of such loans as nonperforming at some time in the future. These loans remain in a performing status due to a variety of factors, including payment history, the value of collateral supporting the credits, and/or personal or government guarantees. Management considers loans classified as substandard, which continue to accrue interest, to be potential problem loans. We identified $9.8 million and $8.6 million in loans that continued to accrue interest which were classified as substandard as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

In addition, we currently have a large commercial relationship with an Industrial Development Agency project in our market area. The relationship consists of a $14.5 million first lien mortgage position and $3.6 million second lien mortgage on a manufacturing facility. Recent events with the underlying third party tenant of the project has resulted in our monitoring the credit relationship more closely and including the first mortgage loan as “uncriticized—watch” and the second mortgage loan as “special mention” in our loan rating system. The loans are current as of September 30, 2012.

FUNDING ACTIVITIES

Deposits

The following table summarizes the composition of our deposits at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands).


	Deposit Composition
	September 30, 2012					December 31, 2011
	Amount		% of Total			Amount		% of Total
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	490,706		21.1	%	$	393,421		20.3	%
Interest-bearing demand		472,023		20.2			362,555		18.8
Savings and money market		673,883		28.9			474,947		24.6
Time deposits < $100,000		450,962		19.3			486,496		25.2
Time deposits of $100,000 or more		244,145		10.5			214,180		11.1

Total deposits	$	2,331,719		100.0	%	$	1,931,599		100.0	%

We offer a variety of deposit products designed to attract and retain customers, with the primary focus on building and expanding long-term relationships. As of September 30, 2012, total deposits were $2.332 billion, an increase of $400.1 million in comparison to $1.932 billion as of December 31, 2011. The increase reflects deposits assumed in the branch acquisitions, which at the time of closing totaled $286.8 million. Time deposits were approximately 30% and 36% of total deposits at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Depositors remain hesitant to invest in certificates of deposit for long periods due to the low rate environment and, as a result, reduced both the amount they placed in time deposits and the maturity terms.

Nonpublic deposits represent the largest component of our funding. Total nonpublic deposits were $1.785 billion and $1.541 billion as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. All of the deposits assumed in the branch acquisitions were nonpublic deposits. We continue to manage this segment of funding through a strategy of competitive pricing and relationship-based sales and marketing that minimizes the number of customer relationships that have only a single high-cost deposit account.

As an additional source of funding, we offer a variety of public deposit products to the many towns, villages, counties and school districts within our market. Public deposits generally range from 20% to 25% of our total deposits. As of September 30, 2012, total public deposits were $546.7 million in comparison to $390.2 million as of December 31, 2011. There is a high degree of seasonality in this component of funding, as the level of deposits varies with the seasonal cash flows for these public customers; however, our business development efforts in this line of business have been successful during 2012 and have resulted in an increase in customers and related public deposits. We maintain the necessary levels of short-term liquid assets and credit facilities to accommodate the seasonality associated with public deposits.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Borrowings

The following table summarizes our borrowings as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30,		December 31,
	2012		2011
Short-term borrowings:
Customer repurchase agreements	$	38,282	$	36,301
Federal funds purchased		—		11,597
Short-term FHLB borrowings		—		102,800

Total short-term borrowings	$	38,282	$	150,698

We classify borrowings as short-term or long-term in accordance with the original terms of the agreement. There were no long-term borrowings outstanding as of September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011.

We have credit capacity with the FHLB and can borrow through facilities that include amortizing and term advances or repurchase agreements. We had approximately $126.1 million of immediate credit capacity with FHLB as of September 30, 2012. We had approximately $430.1 million in secured borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) Discount Window, none of which was outstanding at September 30, 2012. The FHLB and FRB credit capacity are collateralized by securities from our investment portfolio and certain qualifying loans. We had approximately $114 million of credit available under unsecured federal funds purchased lines with various banks as of September 30, 2012.

Funds are borrowed on an overnight basis through repurchase agreements with bank customers and federal funds purchased from other financial institutions. Customer repurchase agreement borrowings are collateralized by securities of U.S. Government agencies. These short-term repurchase agreements amounted to $38.3 million and $36.3 million as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Federal funds purchased are short-term borrowings that typically mature within one to ninety days. There were no Federal funds purchased at September 30, 2012. Federal funds purchased totaled $11.6 million at December 31, 2011. Short-term FHLB borrowings have original maturities of less than one year and include overnight borrowings which we typically utilizes to address short term funding needs as they arise. There were no FHLB borrowings at September 30, 2012. FHLB borrowings totaled $102.8 million at December 31, 2011, and consisted of short-term advances.

As previously discussed, we leveraged our balance sheet through the execution of short-term FHLB advances in order to “pre-acquire” investment securities in anticipation of the branch acquisitions. The cash received at the time of closing the transactions was used to pay down the short-term FHLB advances used to fund the purchase of the investment securities.

Shareholders’ Equity

Shareholders’ equity was $251.8 million at September 30, 2012, an increase of $14.6 million from $237.2 million at December 31, 2011. Net income for the first nine months of 2012 increased shareholders’ equity by $17.1 million, which was partially offset by common and preferred stock dividends of $6.7 million. Accumulated other comprehensive income included in shareholders’ equity increased $4.2 million during the first nine months of 2012 due primarily to higher net unrealized gains on securities available for sale.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

The objective of maintaining adequate liquidity is to assure our ability to meet our financial obligations. These obligations include the withdrawal of deposits on demand or at their contractual maturity, the servicing and repayment of debt and preferred equity obligations, the ability to fund new and existing loan commitments, to take advantage of new business opportunities and to satisfy other operating requirements. We achieve liquidity by maintaining a strong base of core customer funds, maturing short-term assets, the ability to sell securities, lines of credit, and access to the financial and capital markets.

Liquidity for the Bank is managed through the monitoring of anticipated changes in loans, the investment portfolio, core deposits and wholesale funds, as well as the results of its operations and capital expenditures. The strength of the Bank’s liquidity position is a result of its base of core customer deposits. These core deposits are supplemented by wholesale funding sources that include credit lines with the other banking institutions, the FHLB and the FRB.

The primary sources of liquidity for the parent company are dividends from the Bank and access to financial and capital markets. Dividends from the Bank are limited by various regulatory requirements related to capital adequacy and earnings trends. The Bank relies on cash flows from operations, core deposits, borrowings and short-term liquid assets. Five Star Investment Services relies on cash flows from operations and funds from the parent company when necessary.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Our cash and cash equivalents were $77.0 million as of September 30, 2012, up $19.4 million from $57.6 million as of December 31, 2011. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $38.4 million and the principal source of operating activity cash flow was net income adjusted for noncash income and expense items. Net cash used in investing activities totaled $12.8 million, which included cash outflows of $102.4 million for net loan originations and $102.1 million from net investment securities transactions, substantially offset by $195.8 million in cash received through the branch acquisitions. Net cash used by financing activities of $6.1 million was attributed to a $113.3 million increase in deposits, partly offset by a $112.4 million decrease in short-term borrowings and $6.6 million in dividend payments.

Capital Resources

Banks and financial holding companies are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of Total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (all as defined in the regulations). These minimum amounts and ratios are included in the table below.

The Company’s and the Bank’s Tier 1 capital consists of shareholders’ equity excluding unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale (except for unrealized losses which have been determined to be other than temporary and recognized as expense in the consolidated statements of income), goodwill and other intangible assets and disallowed portions of deferred tax assets. Tier 1 capital for the Company includes, subject to limitation, $17.5 million of preferred stock. The Company and the Bank’s total capital are comprised of Tier 1 capital for each entity plus a permissible portion of the allowance for loan losses.

The Tier 1 and total capital ratios are calculated by dividing the respective capital amounts by risk-weighted assets. Risk-weighted assets are calculated based on regulatory requirements and include total assets, excluding goodwill and other intangible assets and disallowed portions of deferred tax assets, allocated by risk weight category and certain off-balance-sheet items (primarily loan commitments and standby letters of credit). The leverage ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted quarterly average total assets, which exclude goodwill and other intangible assets and disallowed portions of deferred tax assets.

The following table reflects the ratios and their components (dollars in thousands).


	September 30,			December 31,
	2012			2011
Total shareholders’ equity	$	251,842		$	237,194
Less: Unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of tax		17,178			13,570
Unrecognized net periodic pension & postretirement benefits (costs), net of tax		(12,017	)		(12,625	)
Disallowed goodwill and other intangible assets		50,924			37,369
Disallowed deferred tax assets		—			1,794

Tier 1 capital	$	195,757		$	197,086

Adjusted average total assets (for leverage capital purposes)	$	2,553,405		$	2,282,755

Tier 1 leverage ratio (Tier 1 capital to adjusted average total assets)		7.67	%		8.63	%

Total Tier 1 capital	$	195,757		$	197,086
Plus: Qualifying allowance for loan losses		22,459			20,239

Total risk-based capital	$	218,216		$	217,325

Net risk-weighted assets	$	1,794,844		$	1,616,119

Tier 1 capital ratio (Tier 1 capital to net risk-weighted assets)		10.91	%		12.20	%
Total risk-based capital ratio (Total risk-based capital to net risk-weighted assets)		12.16	%		13.45	%

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The Company’s and the Bank’s actual and required regulatory capital ratios were as follows (dollars in thousands):


							For Capital
		Actual					Adequacy Purposes					Well Capitalized
		Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
September 30, 2012
Tier 1 leverage:	Company	$	195,757		7.67	%	$	102,136		4.00	%	$	127,670		5.00	%
	Bank		187,029		7.34			101,979		4.00			127,474		5.00
Tier 1 capital:	Company		195,757		10.91			71,794		4.00			107,691		6.00
	Bank		187,029		10.44			71,626		4.00			107,439		6.00
Total risk-based capital:	Company		218,216		12.16			143,588		8.00			179,484		10.00
	Bank		209,436		11.70			143,251		8.00			179,064		10.00
December 31, 2011
Tier 1 leverage:	Company	$	197,086		8.63	%	$	91,310		4.00	%	$	114,138		5.00	%
	Bank		184,639		8.10			91,192		4.00			113,990		5.00
Tier 1 capital:	Company		197,086		12.20			64,645		4.00			96,967		6.00
	Bank		184,639		11.46			64,445		4.00			96,667		6.00
Total risk-based capital:	Company		217,325		13.45			129,290		8.00			161,612		10.00
	Bank		204,817		12.71			128,890		8.00			161,112		10.00

Regulatory capital ratios decreased as of September 30, 2012 when compared to December 31, 2011 primarily as a result of the branch acquisitions. Goodwill of $11.6 million and core deposit intangibles of $2.0 million were recorded in conjunction with the branch acquisitions. Such goodwill and intangibles are excluded from regulatory capital as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.

During the second quarter of 2012, U.S. banking regulators issued proposed rules for the U.S. adoption of the Basel III regulatory capital framework. The proposals narrow the definition of capital, increase the minimum levels of required capital, introduce capital buffers and increase the risk weights for various asset classes. Based on our current capital composition and levels, we believe that we would be in compliance with the requirements as set forth in the proposed rules if they were in effect at September 30, 2012.

Dividend Restrictions

In the ordinary course of business the Company is dependent upon dividends from the Bank to provide funds for the payment of dividends to shareholders and to provide for other cash requirements. Banking regulations may limit the amount of dividends that may be paid. Approval by regulatory authorities is required if the effect of dividends declared would cause the regulatory capital of the Bank to fall below specified minimum levels. Approval is also required if dividends declared exceed the net profits for that year combined with the retained net profits for the preceding two years.

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ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our primary market risk is interest rate risk, which is defined as the potential variability of our earnings that arises from changes in market interest rates and the magnitude of the change at varying points along the yield curve. Changes in market interest rates, whether they are increases or decreases, can trigger repricings and changes in the pace of payments for both assets and liabilities, which individually or in combination may affect our net income, net interest income and net interest margin, either positively or negatively.

The principal objective of the Company’s interest rate risk management is to evaluate the interest rate risk inherent in certain assets and liabilities, determine the appropriate level of risk to the Company given its business strategy, operating environment, capital and liquidity requirements and performance objectives, and manage the risk consistent with the guidelines approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s management is responsible for reviewing with the Board its activities and strategies, the effect of those strategies on net interest income, the fair value of the portfolio and the effect that changes in interest rates will have on the portfolio and exposure limits. Management develops an Asset-Liability Policy that meets strategic objectives and regularly reviews the activities of the Bank.

The primary tool the Company uses to manage interest rate risk is a “rate shock” simulation to measure the rate sensitivity of the balance sheet. Rate shock simulation is a modeling technique used to estimate the impact of changes in rates on net interest income and the economic value of equity. The Company measures net interest income at risk by estimating the changes in net interest income resulting from instantaneous and sustained parallel shifts in interest rates of different magnitudes over a period of twelve and twenty four months. This simulation is based on management’s assumption as to the effect of interest rate changes on assets and liabilities and assumes a parallel shift of the yield curve. It also includes certain assumptions about the future pricing of loans and deposits in response to changes in interest rates. Further, it assumes that delinquency rates would not change as a result of changes in interest rates, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case. While this simulation is a useful measure as to net interest income at risk due to a change in interest rates, it is not a forecast of the future results and is based on many assumptions that, if changed, could cause a different outcome.

In addition to the changes in interest rate scenarios listed above, the Company typically runs other scenarios to measure interest rate risk, which vary depending on the economic and interest rate environments.

The Company has experienced no significant changes in market risk due to changes in interest rates since the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, dated March 9, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

As of September 30, 2012, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b), as adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

Legal Proceedings

The Company has experienced no material developments in its legal proceedings from the disclosure included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, dated March 9, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, dated March 9, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as supplemented and updated by the discussion below. These factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and capital position, and could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical results or the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

An interruption or loss in the service of any of our executive officers may negatively impact our ability to achieve key business objectives in support of our plan.

Our future success depends to a significant degree on the skills, experience and efforts of our key executive officers. The loss of the services of any of these individuals could harm our business. If any key executive officers leave us or are seriously injured and unable to work, our business and ability to execute our business plan could be harmed.

On August 27, 2012, Mr. Peter G. Humphrey retired as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. We are uncertain as to how long it will take us to find a qualified permanent replacement for the Chief Executive Officer position with the skills and industry experience that we need. An unsuccessful or prolonged search to fill this key leadership position could have an adverse effect on our business.

ITEM 6.

Exhibits

(a)

The following is a list of all exhibits filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.


Exhibit Number	Description	Location

10.1	Amendment No. 1 to Assignment, Purchase and Assumption Agreement, effective as of August 16, 2012, by and between Five Star Bank and First Niagara Bank, National Association	Filed Herewith

10.2	Separation and release agreement between Financial Institutions, Inc. and Peter G. Humphrey	Filed Herewith

10.3	Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement between Financial Institutions, Inc. and Peter G. Humphrey	Filed Herewith

31.1	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Principal Executive Officer	Filed Herewith

31.2	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Principal Financial Officer	Filed Herewith

32	Certification pursuant to18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed Herewith

*101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

*101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

*101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

*101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

*101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*101.DFE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the information in this exhibit shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement, prospectus or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filings.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, INC.

*/s/ John E. Benjamin*		, November 6, 2012
John E. Benjamin
Interim Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

*/s/ Karl F. Krebs*		, November 6, 2012
Karl F. Krebs
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)

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