Annual Statements Open main menu

FIRST UNITED CORP/MD/ - Quarter Report: 2023 September (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

        For quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

    TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT

        For the transition period from _______________ to ________________

Commission file number 0-14237

First United Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland

    

52-1380770

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I. R. S. Employer Identification No.)

 

19 South Second Street, Oakland, Maryland

21550-0009

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(800) 470-4356

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

    

Trading Symbols

    

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock

FUNC

Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes    No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated filer

Accelerated Filer 

Non-Accelerated filer

Smaller Reporting Company 

Emerging Growth Company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standard provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes    No 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:   6,686,222 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, as of October 31, 2023.

Table of Contents

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT

FIRST UNITED CORPORATION

Page

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

3

Item 1.

Financial Statements (unaudited)

3

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition – September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022

3

Consolidated Statements of Operations – for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

4

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss) – for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

6

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – for nine and three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

8

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

10

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

11

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

53

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

72

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

72

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

73

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

73

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

73

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

73

Item 3.

Defaults upon Senior Securities

73

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

73

Item 5.

Other Information

73

Item 6.

Exhibits

74

SIGNATURES

75

2

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(In thousands, except share data - Unaudited)

    

September 30,
2023

    

December 31,
2022

Assets

Cash and due from banks

$

78,939

$

72,720

Interest bearing deposits in banks

1,713

1,595

Cash and cash equivalents

80,652

74,315

Investment securities – available for sale (at fair value)

114,370

125,889

Investment securities – held to maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of $45 and $0, respectively (fair value $176,781 at September 30, 2023 and $203,080 at December 31, 2022)

215,683

235,659

Restricted investment in bank stock, at cost

5,251

1,027

Loans held for sale

208

Loans

1,380,019

1,279,494

Unearned fees

(371)

(174)

Allowance for credit/loan losses

(17,146)

(14,636)

Net loans

1,362,502

1,264,684

Premises and equipment, net

32,766

34,948

Goodwill and other intangibles

12,185

12,433

Bank owned life insurance

47,282

46,346

Deferred tax assets

13,020

10,605

Other real estate owned, net

4,878

4,733

Right of use assets

1,905

1,898

Pension asset

7,476

8,001

Accrued interest receivable

6,689

6,051

Other assets

23,334

21,580

Total Assets

$

1,928,201

$

1,848,169

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Liabilities:

Non-interest bearing deposits

$

429,691

$

506,613

Interest bearing deposits

1,145,378

1,064,120

Total deposits

1,575,069

1,570,733

Short-term borrowings

53,330

64,565

Long-term borrowings

110,929

30,929

Operating lease liability

2,347

2,373

SERP deferred compensation

7,294

7,194

Allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures

985

133

Accrued interest payable

578

151

Other liabilities

21,335

19,099

Dividends payable

1,344

1,199

Total Liabilities

1,773,211

1,696,376

Shareholders’ Equity:

Common Stock – par value $0.01 per share; Authorized 25,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 6,715,170 shares at September 30, 2023 and 6,666,428 at December 31, 2022

67

67

Surplus

25,029

24,409

Retained earnings

173,467

166,343

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

(43,573)

(39,026)

Total Shareholders’ Equity

154,990

151,793

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

$

1,928,201

$

1,848,169

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

3

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

    

2023

    

2022

(Unaudited)

Interest income

Interest and fees on loans

$

50,279

$

39,351

Interest on investment securities

Taxable

5,339

4,533

Exempt from federal income tax

661

834

Total investment income

6,000

5,367

Other

2,686

345

Total interest income

58,965

45,063

Interest expense

Interest on deposits:

Savings

189

70

Interest-bearing transaction accounts

8,912

716

Time deposits

3,599

711

Total interest on Deposits

12,700

1,497

Interest on short-term borrowings

93

86

Interest on long-term borrowings

3,496

1,027

Total Interest Expense

16,289

2,610

Net Interest income

42,676

42,453

Credit loss expense - loans

1,170

97

Credit loss expense - debt securities held to maturity

45

Credit loss expense - off-balance sheet credit exposures

(14)

12

Total credit loss expense

1,201

109

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

41,475

42,344

Other operating income

Net gains on investments, available for sale

3

Net gains on investments, held to maturity

93

Net gains on sales of residential mortgage loans

322

31

Net gains on disposal of fixed assets

34

Net gains

322

161

Other Income

Service charges on deposit accounts

1,631

1,451

Other service charges

706

686

Trust department

6,134

6,238

Debit card income

2,981

2,922

Bank owned life insurance

936

891

Brokerage commissions

800

805

Other

350

406

Total other income

13,538

13,399

Total other operating income

13,860

13,560

Other operating expenses

Salaries and employee benefits

21,112

17,891

FDIC premiums

724

479

Equipment expense

3,168

3,110

Occupancy expense of premises

2,274

2,172

Data processing expense

2,926

2,516

Marketing expense

474

409

Professional services

1,530

873

Contract labor

471

482

Telephone

341

365

Total OREO expenses, net

281

375

Investor relations

272

258

Contributions

217

184

Other

4,144

2,425

Total other operating expenses

37,934

31,539

Income before income tax expense

17,401

24,365

Provision for income tax expense

4,099

6,286

Net Income

$

13,302

$

18,079

Basic net income per share

$

1.99

$

2.72

Diluted net income per share

$

1.98

$

2.72

Weighted average number of basic shares outstanding

6,698

6,645

Weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding

6,714

6,655

Dividends declared per common share

$

0.60

$

0.45

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

4

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended

September 30,

    

2023

    

2022

(Unaudited)

Interest income

Interest and fees on loans

$

18,055

$

14,058

Interest on investment securities

Taxable

1,792

1,587

Exempt from federal income tax

123

273

Total investment income

1,915

1,860

Other

1,194

267

Total interest income

21,164

16,185

Interest expense

Interest on deposits:

Savings

54

34

Interest-bearing transaction accounts

3,784

397

Time deposits

1,834

190

Total interest on Deposits

5,672

621

Interest on short-term borrowings

33

47

Interest on long-term borrowings

1,475

376

Total Interest Expense

7,180

1,044

Net Interest income

13,984

15,141

Credit loss expense/(credit) - loans

322

(108)

Credit loss expense - debt securities held to maturity

45

Credit loss (credit)/expense - off-balance sheet credit exposures

(104)

7

Total credit loss expense/(credit)

263

(101)

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

13,721

15,242

Other operating income

Net gains on investments, available for sale

Net gains on investments, held to maturity

93

Gains on sales of residential mortgage loans

182

3

Gains on disposal of fixed assets

Net gains

182

96

Other Income

Service charges on deposit accounts

569

523

Other service charges

230

241

Trust department

2,139

2,005

Debit card income

995

1,053

Bank owned life insurance

320

302

Brokerage commissions

245

272

Other

218

208

Total other income

4,716

4,604

Total other operating income

4,898

4,700

Other operating expenses

Salaries and employee benefits

6,957

6,130

FDIC premiums

254

150

Equipment

1,029

1,037

Occupancy

747

734

Data processing

1,011

890

Marketing

220

152

Professional services

490

(211)

Contract labor

173

159

Telephone

Telephone

115

112

Total other real estate owned expenses, net

139

128

Investor relations

83

39

Contributions

74

121

Settlement expense

FHLB prepayment penalty

Other

1,493

888

Total other operating expenses

12,785

10,329

Income before income tax expense

5,834

9,613

Provision for income tax expense

1,321

2,677

Net Income

$

4,513

$

6,936

Basic net income per common share

$

0.67

$

1.04

Diluted net income per common share

$

0.67

$

1.04

Weighted average number of basic shares outstanding

6,714

6,658

Weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding

6,728

6,669

Dividends declared per common share

$

0.20

$

0.15

5

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2023

2022

Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

(Unaudited)

Net Income

$

13,302

$

18,079

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax and reclassification adjustments:

Available for sale securities:

Unrealized holding losses on investments with credit related impairment

$

(777)

$

(853)

Reclassification adjustment for accretable yield realized in income

152

152

Other comprehensive loss on investments with credit related impairment

(929)

(1,005)

Unrealized holding losses on all other AFS investments

$

(5,065)

$

(22,971)

Unrealized holding losses on securities transferred from available for sale to held to maturity

8,328

Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in income

3

Other comprehensive loss on all other AFS investments

(5,065)

(14,646)

Held to Maturity Securities

Unrealized holding losses on securities transferred to held to maturity

$

$

(8,328)

Unrealized holding losses on HTM investments

Reclassification adjustment for gains/(losses) realized in income

93

Reclassification adjustment for amortization realized in income

(513)

(644)

Other comprehensive income/(loss) on HTM investments

513

(7,777)

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges

$

30

$

1,622

Other comprehensive income on cash flow hedges

30

1,622

Pension plan liability:

Unrealized holding gains/(losses) on pension plan liability

$

(1,250)

$

(14,079)

Reclassification adjustment for amortization of unrecognized loss realized in income

(750)

(837)

Other comprehensive loss on pension plan liability

(500)

(13,242)

SERP liability:

Unrealized holding losses on SERP liability

$

$

Reclassification adjustment for amortization of unrealized loss realized in income

6

(203)

Other comprehensive (loss)/income on SERP liability

(6)

203

Other comprehensive losses before income tax

(5,957)

(34,845)

Income tax benefit related to other comprehensive income

1,410

9,325

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

(4,547)

(25,520)

Comprehensive income/(loss)

$

8,755

$

(7,441)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

6

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended

September 30,

    

2023

    

2022

Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

(Unaudited)

Net Income

$

4,513

$

6,936

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax and reclassification adjustments:

Available for sale securities:

Unrealized holding gains/(losses) on investments with credit related impairment

$

633

$

(199)

Reclassification adjustment for accretable yield realized in income

51

51

Other comprehensive income/(loss) on investments with credit related impairment

582

(250)

Unrealized holding loss on all other AFS investments

$

(4,183)

$

(6,768)

Other comprehensive loss on all other AFS investments

(4,183)

(6,768)

Held to Maturity Securities

Unrealized holding losses on HTM investments

$

$

Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in income

93

Reclassification adjustment for amortization realized in income

(167)

(320)

Other comprehensive income on HTM investments

167

227

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedges

$

14

$

534

Other comprehensive income on cash flow hedges

14

534

Pension plan liability:

Unrealized holding losses on pension plan liability

$

(1,352)

$

(3,537)

Reclassification adjustment for amortization of unrecognized loss realized in income

(251)

(279)

Other comprehensive losses on pension plan liability

(1,101)

(3,258)

SERP liability:

Unrealized holding losses on SERP liability

$

$

Reclassification adjustment for amortization of unrealized loss realized in income

2

(68)

Other comprehensive (loss)/income on SERP liability

(2)

68

Other comprehensive losses before income tax

(4,523)

(9,447)

Income tax benefit related to other comprehensive income

1,060

2,529

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

(3,463)

(6,918)

Comprehensive income

$

1,050

$

18

7

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except per share data)

    

Common
Stock

    

Surplus

    

Retained
Earnings

    

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

    

Total
Shareholders'
Equity

Balance at January 1, 2023

$

67

$

24,409

$

166,343

$

(39,026)

$

151,793

Adoption of ASC 326- Financial Instruments- Credit Losses

(2,155)

(2,155)

Net income

4,375

4,375

Other comprehensive income

69

69

Stock based compensation

56

56

Common stock issued - 22,282 shares

64

64

Common stock dividend declared - $0.20 per share

(1,334)

(1,334)

Balance at March 31, 2023

$

67

$

24,529

$

167,229

$

(38,957)

$

152,868

Net income

4,414

4,414

Other comprehensive loss

(1,153)

(1,153)

Stock based compensation

298

298

Common stock issued - 18,416 shares

74

74

Common stock dividend declared - $0.20 per share

(1,345)

(1,345)

Balance at June 30, 2023

$

67

$

24,901

$

170,298

$

(40,110)

$

155,156

Net income

4,513

4,513

Other comprehensive loss

(3,463)

(3,463)

Stock based compensation

69

69

Common stock issued - 5,046 shares

80

80

Common stock repurchased - 1,298 share

(21)

(21)

Common stock dividend declared - $0.20 per share

(1,344)

(1,344)

Balance at September 30, 2023

$

67

$

25,029

$

173,467

$

(43,573)

$

154,990

8

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except per share data)

    

Common
Stock

    

Surplus

    

Retained
Earnings

    

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

    

Total
Shareholders'
Equity

Balance at January 1, 2022

$

66

$

23,661

$

145,487

$

(27,314)

$

141,900

Net income

5,715

5,715

Other comprehensive loss

(9,593)

(9,593)

Stock based compensation

(4)

(4)

Common stock issued - 15,456 shares

55

55

Common stock dividend declared - $0.15 per share

(995)

(995)

Balance at March 31, 2022

$

66

$

23,712

$

150,207

$

(36,907)

$

137,078

Net income

5,428

5,428

Other comprehensive loss

(9,009)

(9,009)

Stock based compensation

1

339

340

Common stock issued - 18,416 shares

54

54

Common stock dividend declared - $0.15 per share

(999)

(999)

Balance at June 30, 2022

$

67

$

24,105

$

154,636

$

(45,916)

$

132,892

Net income

6,936

6,936

Other comprehensive loss

(6,918)

(6,918)

Stock based compensation

80

80

Common stock issued - 4,563 shares

53

53

Common stock dividend declared- $0.15 per share

(999)

(999)

Balance at September 30, 2022

$

67

$

24,238

$

160,573

$

(52,834)

$

132,044

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statement

9

Table of Contents

First United Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

    

2023

    

2022

(Unaudited)

Operating activities

Net income

$

13,302

$

18,079

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Provision for credit losses

1,201

109

Depreciation

2,528

2,475

Stock based compensation

423

415

Gain on sales of other real estate owned

(36)

Recoveries of other real estate owned, net

(55)

Originations of loans held for sale

(3,627)

(1,156)

Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale

3,741

1,254

Gains from sales of loans held for sale

(322)

(31)

Gains on disposal of fixed assets

(34)

Net (accretion)/ amortization of investment securities discounts and premiums- AFS

(32)

100

Net accretion of investment securities discounts and premiums- HTM

(618)

(625)

Amortization of intangible assets

248

157

Gains on sales/calls of investment securities – AFS

(3)

Gains on calls of investment securities – HTM

(93)

Earnings on bank owned life insurance

(936)

(891)

Amortization of deferred loan costs/(fees), net

40

(123)

Amortization of operating lease right of use asset

249

260

Increase in accrued interest receivable and other assets

(1,754)

(651)

Deferred tax expense/(benefit)

(97)

(9,322)

Operating lease liability

(282)

(289)

Increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities

2,793

9,094

Net cash provided by operating activities

16,766

18,725

Investing activities

Proceeds from maturities/calls of investment securities - AFS

5,320

12,153

Proceeds from maturities/calls of investment securities - HTM

24,537

13,254

Proceeds from sales of investment securities - AFS

1,023

Purchases of investment securities - AFS

(17,652)

Purchases of investment securities - HTM

(3,988)

(55,686)

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned

172

Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets

37

Net (increase)/decrease in restricted stock

(4,224)

2

Net increase in loans

(101,320)

(124,963)

Purchases of premises and equipment

(346)

(2,803)

Net cash used in by investing activities

(79,849)

(174,635)

Financing activities

Net increase in deposits

4,336

41,744

Issuance of common stock

218

162

Cash dividends paid on common stock

(3,878)

(2,987)

Net (decrease)/increase in short-term borrowings

(11,235)

32,027

Stock repurchase

(21)

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

80,000

Net cash provided by financing activities

69,420

70,946

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

6,337

(84,964)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year

74,315

115,720

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

$

80,652

$

30,756

Supplemental information

Interest paid

$

16,406

$

2,655

Taxes paid

$

4,821

$

5,248

Non-cash investing activities:

Transfers from loans to other real estate owned

$

226

$

256

Transfers from securities available for sale to held to maturity

$

$

139,036

10

Table of Contents

FIRST UNITED CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The financial information is presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and general practice for financial institutions in the United States of America (“GAAP”).  First United Corporation has prepared these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information, rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit reduced disclosure for interim periods, and Article 8 of Regulation S-X.  Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform with current year classifications.  These reclassifications did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.  Operating results for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or for any future interim period. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In preparing financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of financial statements.  In addition, these estimates and assumptions affect revenues and expenses in the financial statements and as such, actual results could differ from those estimates.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (all of which are of a normal recurring nature) that are necessary for a fair statement are reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First United Corporation, First United Bank & Trust (the “Bank”), First United Statutory Trust I, First United Statutory Trust II, OakFirst Loan Center, LLC, OakFirst Loan Center, Inc., First OREO Trust and FUBT OREO I, LLC. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

As used in these notes, the terms “the Corporation” “we”, “us”, and “our” refer to First United Corporation and, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Corporation has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the statement of financial condition date of September 30, 2023 and through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued, for items of potential recognition or disclosure.

Newly Adopted Pronouncements in 2023

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326):  Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, universally referred to as CECL.  The amendments in ASU, 2016-13 among other things, requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates.  Many of the loss estimation techniques applied previously are still permitted, although the inputs to those techniques changed to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses.  In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on purchased financial assets with credit deterioration.  For periodic report filers that are smaller reporting companies, such as the Corporation, ASU 2016-13 was effective as of January 1, 2023.

As part of its process of adopting the CECL accounting method, management implemented a third party software solution and determined the appropriate loan segments, methodologies, model assumptions and qualitative components.  Our CECL model includes portfolio loan segmentation based upon similar risk characteristics and both a quantitative and qualitative component of the calculation which incorporates a forecasting component of certain economic variables.  Our implementation plan also includes the assessment and documentation of appropriate processes, policies and internal controls.  Management had a third party independent consultant review and validate our CECL model.

11

Table of Contents

In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on certain debt securities.  The Corporation did not record any allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on its debt securities as a result of adopting this ASU.

The ultimate impact of adopting ASU 2016-13, and at each subsequent reporting period, is highly dependent on credit quality, macroeconomic forecasts and conditions, compensation of our loan portfolio, and other management judgments.  The Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective method.  Results beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under ASU 2016-13, while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP.  We made the accounting policy election to not measure an ACL for accrued interest receivables for loans and securities.  Accrued interest deemed uncollectible will be written off through interest income.

The following table illustrates the day-one impact of adopting ASU 2016-13.

January 1, 2023

(Dollars in thousands)

As Reported Under ASU 2016-13

Pre
ASU 2016-13

Impact of ASU 2016-13 Adoption

Assets

Allowance for credit losses on loans

Commercial real estate

$

5,202

$

6,345

$

(1,143)

Acquisition and development

964

979

(15)

Commercial and industrial

4,179

2,845

1,334

Residentail mortgage

5,272

3,160

2,112

Consumer

1,085

877

208

Unallocated

-

430

(430)

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

$

16,702

$

14,636

$

2,066

Assets:

Investment securities- available for sale (at fair value)

$

125,889

$

125,889

$

-

Investment securities- held to maturity

245,659

245,659

-

Total loans held for investments, net

1,262,792

1,264,858

(2,066)

Net deferred tax asset

11,381

10,605

776

Liabilities:

Life-of-loss reserve on unfunded loan commitments

$

998

$

133

$

865

Equity:

Retained earnings

$

149,638

$

151,793

$

(2,155)

In connection with our adoption of ASU 2016-13, we made changes to our loan portfolio segments to align with the methodology of CECL.  Refer to Note 5, Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses, for further discussion of these portfolio segments.  The adoption of ASU 2016-13 resulted in a Day 1 adjustment of $2.9 million to our ACL, including an increase of $2.0 million to the ACL for loans and $0.9 million to the ACL for unfunded commitments.  The Corporation did not record any ACL on its available-for-sale or held-to-maturity investments upon adoption of ASC 326.  The Corporation recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $2.2 million as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2016-13.  

In March 2022, FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326):  Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.  ASU 2022-02, which eliminates the troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) accounting model for creditors that have adopted ASU 2016-13.  Due to the removal of the TDR accounting model, all loan modifications were evaluated to determine if they resulted in a new loan or a continuation of the existing loan.  The amendments in ASU 2022-02 also required that entities disclose current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination for loans and leases.  The amendments in ASU 2022-02 were effective January 1, 2023.  This change did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.  Refer to Note 5, Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses for disclosures for debtors experiencing financial difficulty and for vintage disclosures related to gross charge-offs by loan segment by year of origination.

12

Table of Contents

Allowance for Credit Losses Policy

The ACL represents an amount that, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb expected losses on outstanding loans at the balance sheet date based on the evaluation of the size and current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, past events, current conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and prepayment experience.  The ACL is measured and recorded upon the initial recognition of a financial asset.  The ACL is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries of previous losses, and is increased or decreased by a provision for credit losses, which is recorded as a current period operating expense.  

Determination of an appropriate ACL is inherently complex and requires the use of significant and highly subjective estimates.  The reasonableness is reviewed quarterly by management.  

Management believes it uses relevant information available to make determinations about the ACL and that it has established the existing allowance in accordance with GAAP.  However, the determination of the ACL requires significant judgment, and estimates of expected losses in the loan portfolio can vary significantly from the amounts actually observed.  While management uses available information to recognize losses, future additions to the ACL may be necessary based on changes in the loans comprising the portfolio, changes in the current and forecasted economic conditions, changes to the interest rate environment which may directly impact prepayment and curtailment rate assumptions, and changes in the financial condition of borrowers.

The adoption of CECL accounting did not result in a significant change to any other credit risk management and monitoring processes, including identification of past due or delinquent borrowers, nonaccrual practices, assessment of modified loans, or charge-off policy.  

The Corporation’s note 5 for discussion related to the Corporation’s methodology for estimating the ACL includes:

Loan Commitments and Allowance for Credit Loss on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit issued to meet customer financing needs.  The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

The Corporation records a reserve for unfunded commitments (“RUC”) on off-balance sheet credit exposures through a charge to provision for credit loss expense in the Corporation’s Consolidated Statement of Income.  The RUC on off-balance sheet credit exposures is estimated by loan segment at each balance sheet date under the CECL model using the same methodologies as portfolio loans, taking into consideration the likelihood that funding will occur, and is included in the RUC on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Loan Restructurings

In situations where, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition, management may grant a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider, the related loan is classified as a restructured loan.  Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and work with them to modify the loan to more affordable terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status.  The Corporation modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, or interest rate reductions.  When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses.  These concessions are intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral.   See Note 5 for more detail related to the accounting of restructured loans.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Securities

The Corporation adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC “) 326 using the prospective transition approach for debt securities for which other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) had been recognized prior to January 1, 2023, such as available-for-sale (“AFS”) collateralized debt obligations.  As a result, the amortized cost basis for such debt securities remained the same before and after the effective date of ASC 326.  The effective interest rate on these debt securities was not changed.  Amounts

13

Table of Contents

previously written off are recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) as of January 1, 2023 relating to improvements in cash flows expected to be collected are accreted into income over the remaining life of the asset.  Recoveries of amounts previously written off relating to improvements in cash flows after January 1, 2023 are recorded in earnings when received.

See Note 5 for additional information related to investment securities and the related allowance for credit losses on the AFS and held-to-maturity (“HTM “) portfolio.

Note 2 – Accounting Statements Issued but Not Yet Adopted

In March 2020, FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848):  Facilitation of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.”  The amendments in ASU 2020-04 provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting.  The amendments provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to loan and lease agreements, derivative contracts, and other transactions affected by the anticipated transition away from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) toward new interest rate benchmarks.  Modified contracts that meet certain scope guidance are eligible for relief from these modification accounting requirements in GAAP.  The optional guidance generally allows for the modified contract to be accounted for as a continuation of the existing contract and does not require contract remeasurement at the modification date or reassessment of a previous accounting determination.  The amendments in  ASU 2020-04 are effective for all entities between March 12, 2020 and December 31, 2022.  In December 2022, FASB issued ASU No. 2022-06: “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848):  Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848.”  The amendments in ASU 2020-06 defer the sunset date for applying the reference rate reform relief by two years to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief in Topic 848.

An internal team of the Corporation was formed to transition loans held for investment away from LIBOR.   As of September 30, 2023, there are no loans in our loan portfolio whose variable rate is tied to the LIBOR.  The Corporation no longer offers LIBOR for any new contract as part of this transition.

The Corporation has identified all known LIBOR exposures, created a plan to address the exposures, and continues to communicate with all stakeholders to transition to alternative reference rates.   The Corporation does not anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2020-04 will have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 – Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share is derived by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and does not include the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted earnings per share is derived by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, adjusted for the dilutive effect of outstanding common stock equivalents, such as restricted stock units (“RSUs”). There were no anti-dilutive shares outstanding at September 30, 2023 or 2022.

14

Table of Contents

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Nine months ended September 30,

2023

2022

    

    

Average

    

Per Share

    

    

Average

    

Per Share

(in thousands, except for per share amount)

Income

Shares

Amount

Income

Shares

Amount

Basic Earnings Per Share:

Net income

$

13,302

6,698

$

1.99

$

18,079

6,645

$

2.72

Diluted Earnings Per Share:

Restricted stock units

16

10

Net income

$

13,302

6,714

$

1.98

$

18,079

6,655

$

2.72

Three months ended September 30,

2023

2022

Average

Per Share

Average

Per Share

(in thousands, except for per share amount)

Income

Shares

Amount

Income

Shares

Amount

Basic Earnings Per Share:

Net income

$

4,513

6,714

$

0.67

$

6,936

6,658

$

1.04

Diluted Earnings Per Share:

Restricted stock units

14

11

Net income

$

4,513

6,728

$

0.67

$

6,936

6,669

$

1.04

Note 4 – Investments

The following tables show a comparison of amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(in thousands)

    

Amortized
Cost

    

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

    

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

    

Allowance for Credit Losses

    

Estimated Fair Value

September 30, 2023

Available for Sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

11,020

$

$

1,660

$

$

9,360

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

42,073

8,704

33,369

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

36,722

9,667

27,055

Collateralized mortgage obligations

24,223

5,236

18,987

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

10,832

766

10,066

Corporate bonds

1,000

251

749

Collateralized debt obligations

18,670

3,886

14,784

Total available for sale

$

144,540

$

$

30,170

$

$

114,370

15

Table of Contents

(in thousands)

    

Amortized
Cost

    

Gross
Unrecognized
Gains

    

Gross
Unrecognized
Losses

    

Estimated Fair Value

    

Allowance for Credit Losses

September 30, 2023

Held to Maturity:

U.S. treasuries

$

37,397

$

$

670

$

36,727

$

U.S. government agencies

67,944

14,411

53,533

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

30,336

4,495

25,841

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

21,454

6,494

14,960

Collateralized mortgage obligations

53,994

12,114

41,880

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

4,603

126

844

3,885

45

Total held to maturity

$

215,728

$

126

$

39,028

$

176,826

$

45

(in thousands)

    

Amortized
Cost

    

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

    

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

    

Fair
Value

    

OTTI
in AOCL

December 31, 2022

Available for Sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

11,044

$

$

1,582

$

9,462

$

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

45,052

7,651

37,401

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

37,393

6,661

30,732

Collateralized mortgage obligations

25,828

4,784

21,044

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

10,848

4

360

10,492

Corporate Bonds

1,000

113

887

Collateralized debt obligations

18,664

2,793

15,871

(1,695)

Total available for sale

$

149,829

$

4

$

23,944

$

125,889

$

(1,695)

(in thousands)

    

Amortized
Cost

    

Gross
Unrecognized
Gains

    

Gross
Unrecognized
Losses

    

Fair
Value

    

OTTI
in AOCL

December 31, 2022

Held to Maturity:

U.S. treasuries

$

37,204

$

$

1,593

$

35,611

$

U.S. government agencies

67,734

13,261

54,473

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

28,624

1

3,503

25,122

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

22,389

4,568

17,821

Collateralized mortgage obligations

57,085

10,001

47,084

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

22,623

946

600

22,969

Total held to maturity

$

235,659

$

947

$

33,526

$

203,080

$

The Corporation reassessed the classification of certain investments and, effective February 1, 2022, transferred $139.0 million of callable agencies, obligations of state and political subdivisions, and collateralized mortgage obligations from available for sale to held to maturity securities.  The transfer occurred at fair value.  The related unrealized loss of $8.4 million included in other comprehensive loss remained in other comprehensive loss, to be amortized out of other comprehensive loss with an offsetting entry to interest income as a yield adjustment over the remaining term of the securities.  No gain or loss was recorded at the time of transfer.

16

Table of Contents

The following table shows the Corporation’s investment securities with gross unrealized and unrecognized losses and fair values at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

(in thousands)

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrealized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrealized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

September 30, 2023

Available for Sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

$

$

9,360

$

1,660

3

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

33,369

8,704

5

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

27,055

9,667

8

Collateralized mortgage obligations

18,987

5,236

10

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

3,357

294

6

6,369

472

3

Corporate Bonds

749

251

1

Collateralized debt obligations

14,784

3,886

9

Total available for sale

$

3,357

$

294

6

$

110,673

$

29,876

39

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

(in thousands)

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrecognized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrecognized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

September 30, 2023

Held to Maturity:

U.S. treasuries

$

$

$

36,727

$

670

4

U.S. government agencies

53,533

14,411

9

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

3,977

98

3

21,864

4,397

35

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

14,960

6,494

2

Collateralized mortgage obligations

41,880

12,114

8

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

2,030

844

1

Total held to maturity

$

3,977

$

98

3

$

170,994

$

38,930

59

17

Table of Contents

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

(in thousands)

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrealized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrealized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

December 31, 2022

Available for Sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

4,598

$

402

1

$

4,865

$

1,180

2

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

37,401

7,651

5

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

4,044

455

3

26,688

6,206

6

Collateralized mortgage obligations

1,600

210

5

19,444

4,574

5

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

8,906

360

7

Corporate Bonds

887

113

1

Collateralized debt obligations

15,871

2,793

9

Total available for sale

$

20,035

$

1,540

17

$

104,269

$

22,404

27

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

(in thousands)

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrecognized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

    

Fair
Value

    

Unrecognized
Losses

    

Number of
Investments

December 31, 2022

Held to Maturity:

U.S. treasuries

$

$

$

35,611

$

1,593

4

U.S. government agencies

38,883

9,617

7

15,591

3,644

2

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

16,893

1,425

29

8,138

2,078

7

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

17,821

4,568

3

Collateralized mortgage obligations

47,083

10,001

8

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

2,269

600

1

Total held to maturity

$

122,949

$

26,211

48

$

59,340

$

7,315

13

The Corporation utilizes ASC 326 to evaluate its AFS and HTM debt security portfolio for expected credit losses.  For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Corporation first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If either criteria is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income.  For AFS debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Corporation evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors.  In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors.  If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is compared to the amortized cost basis of the security.  If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an ACL is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis.  Any impairment that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income, as a non-credit-related impairment.

Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as a provision for (or reversal of) credit losses.  Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.  Any impairment not recorded through an allowance for credit loss is recognized in other comprehensive income as a non-credit-related impairment.

The Corporation has made the policy election to exclude accrued interest from the amortized cost basis of available-for-sale debt securities and report accrued interest separately in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Available-for-sale debt

18

Table of Contents

securities are placed on nonaccrual status when we no longer expect to receive all contractual amounts due, which is generally at 90 days past due.  Accrued interest receivable is reversed against interest income when a security is placed on nonaccrual status.  Accordingly, we do not recognize an allowance for credit loss against accrued interest receivable.

The Corporation separately evaluates its HTM investment securities for any credit losses.  The Corporation pools like securities and calculates expected credit losses through an estimate based on a security’s credit rating, which is recognized as part of the allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities and is included in the balance of investment securities held to maturity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  If the Corporation determines that a security indicates evidence of deteriorated credit quality, the security is individually evaluated and a discounted cash flow analysis is performed and compared to the amortized cost basis.

As of September 30, 2023, the Corporation recorded ACL of approximately $45,000 related to one bond in the HTM security portfolio.  There was no ACL related to its AFS or HTM security portfolio at December 31, 2022.

The following table presents a cumulative roll-forward of the amount of non-cash credit-related impairment charges related to credit losses that have been previously recognized in earnings for the trust preferred securities held in the collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) portfolio during the nine- and three- month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 that the Corporation does not intend to sell:

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

Balance of credit-related impairment at January 1

$

1,841

$

2,043

Reduction for increases in cash flows expected to be collected

(152)

(152)

Balance of credit-related impairment at September 30

$

1,689

$

1,891

Three Months Ended

September 30,

(in thousands)

2023

2022

Balance of credit-related impairment at July 1

$

1,740

$

1,942

Reduction for increases in cash flows expected to be collected

(51)

(51)

Balance of credit-related impairment at September 30

$

1,689

$

1,891

19

Table of Contents

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity at September 30, 2023 are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

September 30, 2023

(in thousands)

    

Amortized
Cost

    

Fair
Value

Available for Sale:

Due in one year or less

$

3,010

$

2,953

Due after one year through five years

9,270

8,391

Due after five years through ten years

1,895

1,560

Due after ten years

27,347

22,055

41,522

34,959

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

42,073

33,369

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

36,722

27,055

Collateralized mortgage obligations

24,223

18,987

Total available for sale

$

144,540

$

114,370

Held to Maturity:

Due in one year or less

$

37,397

$

36,727

Due after one year through five years

12,500

11,306

Due after five years through ten years

38,681

30,544

Due after ten years

21,366

15,568

109,944

94,145

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

30,336

25,841

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

21,454

14,960

Collateralized mortgage obligations

53,994

41,880

Total held to maturity

$

215,728

$

176,826

20

Table of Contents

Note 5 – Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(in thousands)

    

Commercial
Real Estate

    

Acquisition
and
Development

    

Commercial
and
Industrial

    

Residential
Mortgage

    

Consumer

    

Total

September 30, 2023

Individually evaluated for impairment

$

$

$

$

2,314

$

$

2,314

Collectively evaluated for impairment

491,284

79,796

254,650

489,372

62,603

1,377,705

Total loans

$

491,284

$

79,796

$

254,650

$

491,686

$

62,603

$

1,380,019

December 31, 2022

Individually evaluated for impairment

$

2,262

$

356

$

$

3,880

$

$

6,498

Collectively evaluated for impairment

456,569

70,240

245,396

440,531

60,260

1,272,996

Total loans

$

458,831

$

70,596

$

245,396

$

444,411

$

60,260

$

1,279,494

The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and non-accrual loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(in thousands)

    

Current

    

30-59 Days
Past Due

    

60-89 Days
Past Due

    

90 Days+
Past Due

    

Total Past
Due and
Accruing

    

Non-
Accrual

    

Total Loans

September 30, 2023

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

$

293,932

$

$

229

$

$

229

$

$

294,161

All other CRE

196,524

599

599

197,123

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

17,527

17,527

All other A&D

62,149

120

62,269

Commercial and industrial

254,193

75

382

457

254,650

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

425,383

214

1,109

1,323

3,011

429,717

Residential mortgage - home equity

61,299

288

22

86

396

274

61,969

Consumer

61,786

541

143

59

743

74

62,603

Total

$

1,372,793

$

1,717

$

1,885

$

145

$

3,747

$

3,479

$

1,380,019

December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

$

269,971

$

$

$

$

$

87

$

270,058

All other CRE

188,715

58

188,773

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

19,637

19,637

All other A&D

50,813

146

50,959

Commercial and industrial

245,342

54

54

245,396

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

380,502

31

722

239

992

2,893

384,387

Residential mortgage - home equity

59,223

399

48

43

490

311

60,024

Consumer

59,789

363

83

25

471

60,260

Total

$

1,273,992

$

847

$

853

$

307

$

2,007

$

3,495

$

1,279,494

Non-accrual loans that have been subject to partial charge-offs totaled $0.1 million at September 30, 2023 and $0.1 million at December 31, 2022.  Loans secured by 1-4 family residential real estate properties in the process of foreclosure totaled $1.8

21

Table of Contents

million at September 30, 2023.  There were no loans in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2022.   As a percentage of the loan portfolio, accruing loans past due 30 days or more was 0.27% at September 30, 2023 compared to 0.16% at December 31, 2022. 

Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation adopted the accounting guidance in ASU 2022-02, which eliminated the recognition and measurement of TDRs.  Due to the removal of the TDR designation, the Corporation evaluates all loan restructurings according to the accounting guidance for loan modifications to determine if the restructuring results in a new loan or a continuation of the existing loan.  Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that result in a direct change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows include situations where there is principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions, and combinations of the above.  Therefore, the disclosures related to loan restructurings are only for modifications that directly affect cash flows.

A loan that is considered a non-accrual or restructured loan may be subject to the individually evaluated loan analysis if the commitment is $0.1 million or greater; otherwise, the restructured loan remains in the appropriate segment in the ACL model and associated reserves are adjusted based on changes in the discounted cash flows resulting from the modification of the restructured loan.  For a discussion with respect to reserve calculations regarding individually evaluated loans, refer to the “Nonrecurring Loans” section in Note 6, Fair Value Measurements.  There were no loan modifications made to borrowers facing financial difficulties in the three- or nine-month period ending September 30, 2023.

The Corporation maintains an ACL at a level determined to be adequate to absorb expected credit losses associated with the Corporation’s financial instruments over the life of those instruments as of the balance sheet date.  The Corporation develops and documents a systematic ACL methodology based on the following portfolio segments: (i) commercial real estate, (ii) acquisition and development, (iii) commercial and industrial, (iv) residential mortgage, and (v) consumer.  The Corporation’s loan portfolio is segmented by homogeneous loan types that behave similarly to economic cycles.  The segmentation in the CECL model is different from the segmentation in the Incurred Loss model.  The following is a discussion of the key risks by portfolio segment that management assesses in preparing the ACL.

Commercial Real Estate- loans are secured by commercial purpose real estate, including both owner occupied properties and properties obtained for investment purposes, such as hotels, strip malls and apartments.  Operations of the individual projects as well as global cash flows of the debtors are the primary source of repayment of these loans.  The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are more specific risks depending on the collateral type as well as the business.

Acquisition and Development- loans include both commercial and consumer.  Commercial loans are made to finance construction of buildings or other structures, as well as to finance the acquisition and development of raw land for various purposes.  While the risk of these loans is generally confined to the construction period, if there are problems, the project may not be completed, and as such, may not provide sufficient cash flow on its own to service the debt or have sufficient value in a liquidation to cover the outstanding principal.  The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the type of project and the experience and resources of the developer.  Consumer loans are made for the construction of residential homes for which a binding sales contract exists and generally are for a period of time sufficient to complete construction.  Residential construction loans to individuals generally provide for the payment of interest only during the construction phase.  Credit risk for residential real estate construction loans can arise from construction delays, cost overruns, failure of the contractor to complete the project to specifications and economic conditions that could impact demand for supply of the property being constructed.

Commercial and Industrial- loans are made to operating companies or manufacturers for the purpose of production, operating capacity, accounts receivable, inventory or equipment financing.  Cash flow from the operations of the borrower is the primary source of repayment for these loans.  The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the industry of the borrower.  Collateral for these types of loans often do not have sufficient value in a distressed or liquidation scenario to satisfy the outstanding debt.  These loans are also made to local municipalities for various purposes including refinancing existing obligations, infrastructure up-fit and expansion, or to purchase new equipment.  The primary repayment source for local municipalities include the tax base of the municipality, specific revenue streams related to the infrastructure financed, and other business operations of the municipal authority.  The health and stability of state and local economies directly impacts each municipality’s tax basis and are important indicators of risk for this segment.  The ability of each

22

Table of Contents

municipality to increase taxes and fees to offset service requirements give this type of loan a very low risk profile in the continuum of the Corporation’s loan portfolio.

Residential mortgage- loans are secured by first and second liens such as home equity lines of credit and 1-4 family residential mortgages.  The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income of the borrower.  The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment.  The state of the local housing market can also have a significant impact on this segment because low demand and/or declining home values can limit the ability of borrowers to sell a property and satisfy debt.

Consumer- loans are made to individuals and may be either secured by assets other than 1-4 family residences or unsecured.  This segment includes automobile loans and unsecured loans and lines of credit.  The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower.  The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment.  The value of the collateral, if there is any, is less likely to be a source of repayment due to less certain collateral values.

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the ACL at September 30, 2023 and allowance for loan loss (“ALL”) at December 31, 2022, segregated by the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment:

(in thousands)

    

Commercial
Real Estate

    

Acquisition
and
Development

    

Commercial
and
Industrial

    

Residential
Mortgage

    

Consumer

    

Unallocated

    

Total

September 30, 2023

Individually evaluated
for impairment

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Collectively evaluated
for impairment

5,038

1,065

3,477

6,642

924

17,146

Total ACL

$

5,038

$

1,065

$

3,477

$

6,642

$

924

$

$

17,146

December 31, 2022

Individually evaluated
for impairment

$

$

$

$

26

$

$

$

26

Collectively evaluated
for impairment

6,345

979

2,845

3,134

877

430

14,610

Total ALL

$

6,345

$

979

$

2,845

$

3,160

$

877

$

430

$

14,636

Changes in the fair value of the types of collateral for individually evaluated loans are reported as provision for credit loss in the period of change.  The evaluation of the need and amount of a specific allocation of the ACL and whether a loan can be removed from impairment status is made on a quarterly basis.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent individually evaluated loans as of September 30, 2023.  

September 30, 2023

(dollars in thousands)

    

Real Estate

    

Non-Accrual Loans with No Allowance

Residential mortgage

$

2,314

$

2,314

Total Loans

$

2,314

$

2,314

23

Table of Contents

The following table presents impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not required at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

Impaired Loans with
Specific Allowance

Impaired
Loans with
No Specific
Allowance

Total Impaired Loans

(in thousands)

    

Recorded
Investment

    

Related
Allowances

    

Recorded
Investment

    

Recorded
Investment (1)

    

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

September 30, 2023

Commercial real estate

Non-owner-occupied

$

$

$

$

$

All other CRE

Acquisition and development

1-4 family residential construction

All other A&D

Commercial and industrial

Residential mortgage

Residential mortgage – term

2,314

2,314

Residential mortgage – home equity

Consumer

Total impaired loans

$

$

$

2,314

$

2,314

$

December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate

Non-owner-occupied

$

$

$

187

$

187

$

All other CRE

2,075

2,075

Acquisition and development

1-4 family residential construction

210

210

All other A&D

146

146

109

Commercial and industrial

Residential mortgage

Residential mortgage – term

345

26

3,225

3,570

41

Residential mortgage – home equity

310

310

Consumer

Total impaired loans

$

345

$

26

$

6,153

$

6,498

$

150

(1)Recorded investment consists of unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs, interest payments received applied to principal and unamortized deferred loan origination fees and cost.

24

Table of Contents

The following tables present the activity in the ACL and ALL for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Nine months ended (in thousands)

    

Commercial
Real Estate

    

Acquisition
and
Development

    

Commercial
and
Industrial

    

Residential
Mortgage

    

Consumer

    

Unallocated

    

Total

Beginning balance at January 1, 2023 prior to adoption of ASC 326

$

6,345

$

979

$

2,845

$

3,160

$

877

$

430

$

14,636

Impact of adopting ASC 326

(1,143)

(15)

1,334

2,112

208

(430)

2,066

Loan charge-offs

(87)

(301)

(55)

(681)

(1,124)

Recoveries collected

5

8

176

56

153

398

Credit loss (credit)/expense

(82)

93

(577)

1,369

367

1,170

ACL balance at September 30, 2023

$

5,038

$

1,065

$

3,477

$

6,642

$

924

$

$

17,146

ALL balance at January 1, 2022

$

6,032

$

2,615

$

2,460

$

3,484

$

934

$

430

$

15,955

Loan Charge-offs

(20)

(134)

(34)

(726)

(914)

Recoveries collected

1

21

92

172

117

403

Loan loss expense/(credit)

323

(1,117)

984

(645)

552

97

ALL balance at September 30, 2022

$

6,356

$

1,499

$

3,402

$

2,977

$

877

$

430

$

15,541

Three months ended (in thousands)

Commercial
Real Estate

Acquisition
and
Development

Commercial
and
Industrial

Residential
Mortgage

Consumer

Unallocated

Total

ACL balance at July 1, 2023

$

4,946

$

1,134

$

3,549

$

6,417

$

859

$

$

16,905

Loan charge-offs

(135)

(31)

(163)

(329)

Recoveries collected

1

167

20

60

248

Credit loss expense/(credit)

92

(70)

(104)

236

168

322

ACL balance at September 30, 2023

$

5,038

$

1,065

$

3,477

$

6,642

$

924

$

$

17,146

ALL balance at July 1, 2022

$

6,220

$

2,172

$

2,830

$

3,112

$

973

$

430

$

15,737

Charge-offs

(20)

(82)

(1)

(181)

(284)

Recoveries

1

83

71

41

196

Loan loss expense/(credit)

136

(654)

571

(205)

44

(108)

ALL balance at September 30, 2022

$

6,356

$

1,499

$

3,402

$

2,977

$

877

$

430

$

15,541

25

Table of Contents

The Corporation’s methodology for estimating the ACL includes:

Segmentation.  The Corporation’s loan portfolio is segmented by homogeneous loan types that behave similarly to economic cycles.

Specific Analysis.  A specific reserve analysis is applied to certain individually evaluated loans.  These loans are evaluated quarterly generally based on collateral value, observable market value or the present value of expected future cash flows.  A specific reserve is established if the fair value is less than the loan balance.  A charge-off is recognized when the loss is quantifiable.  Individually evaluated loans not specifically analyzed reside in the Quantitative Analysis.

Quantitative Analysis.  The Corporation elected to use discounted cash flows.  Economic forecasts include but are not limited to unemployment, the Consumer Price Index, the Housing Affordability Index, and Gross State Product.  These forecasts are assumed to revert to the long term average and are utilized in the model to estimate the probability of default and the loss given default is the estimated loss rate, which varies over time.  The estimated loss rate is applied within the appropriate periods in the cash flow model to determine the net present value.  Net present value is also impacted by assumption related to the duration between default and recovery.  The reserve is based on the difference between the summation of the principal balances taking amortized costs into consideration and the summation of the net present values.

Qualitative Analysis.  Based on management’s review and analysis of internal, external and model risks, management may adjust the model output.  Management reviews the peaks and troughs of the model’s calibrations, taking into account economic forecasts to develop guardrails that serve as the basis for determining the reasonableness of the model’s output and makes adjustments as necessary.  This process challenges unexpected variability resulting from outputs beyond the model’s calibrations that appear to be unreasonable.  Management also enhances the calculation through the use of Moody’s economic forecast data in its calculation. Additionally, management may adjust the economic forecast if it is incompatible with known market conditions based on management’s experience and perspective.

The ACL is based on estimates, and actual losses may vary from current estimates.  Management believes that the granularity of the homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ACL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

Credit Quality Indicators:

The Corporation’s portfolio grading analysis estimates the capability of the borrower to repay the contractual obligations of the loan agreements as scheduled or at all.  The Corporation’s internal credit risk grading system is based on debt service coverage, collateral values and other subjective factors.  Mortgage and consumer loans are defaulted to pass grade until a loan migrates to past due status.  

The Corporation has a loan review policy and annual scope report that details the level of loan review for loans in a given year.  The annual loan review provides the Credit Risk Committee with an independent analysis of the following:  (i) credit quality of the loan portfolio, (ii) compliance with loan policy, (iii) adequacy of documentation in credit files and (iv) validity of risk ratings.  

The Corporation’s internally assigned grades are as follows:

Pass-  The Corporation uses six grades of pass, including its watch rating.  Generally, a pass rating indicates that the loan is currently performing and is of high quality.

Special Mention- Assets with potential weaknesses that warrant management’s close attention and if left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard-  Assets that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any.  Assets so classified have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of

26

Table of Contents

the debt.  Such assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful- Assets with all weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss- Assets considered of such little value that its continuance on the books is not warranted.  This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.

The ability of borrowers to repay commercial loans is dependent upon the success of their business and general economic conditions.  Due to the greater potential for loss within our commercial portfolio, we monitor the commercial loan portfolio through an internal risk rating system.  Loan risk ratings are assigned based upon the creditworthiness of the borrower and are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to our internal policies.  Loans rated special mention or substandard have potential or well-defined weaknesses not generally found in high quality, performing loans, and require attention from management to limit loss.

27

Table of Contents

The following table presents loan balances by year of origination and internally assigned risk rating for our portfolio segments as of dates presented:

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

2019

    

2018 and Prior

    

Revolving

    

Total Portfolio Loans

September 30, 2023

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

Pass

$

20,580

$

66,381

$

30,726

$

54,643

$

39,758

$

63,496

$

1,111

$

276,695

Special Mention

6,098

6,098

Substandard

11,368

11,368

Total non-owner occupied

20,580

66,381

30,726

54,643

39,758

80,962

1,111

294,161

Current period gross charge-offs

87

87

All other CRE

Pass

21,848

27,791

25,848

22,666

24,603

65,306

4,057

192,119

Special Mention

1,095

1,095

Substandard

1,871

1,438

600

3,909

Total all other CRE

21,848

27,791

25,848

22,666

26,474

66,744

5,752

197,123

Current period gross charge-offs

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

Pass

7,716

9,311

500

17,527

Special Mention

Substandard

Total acquisition and development

7,716

9,311

500

17,527

Current period gross charge-offs

All other A&D

Pass

14,592

23,197

3,994

3,101

2,512

10,631

4,122

62,149

Special Mention

Substandard

120

120

Total all other A&D

14,592

23,197

3,994

3,101

2,512

10,751

4,122

62,269

Current period gross charge-offs

Commercial and industrial:

Pass

28,861

71,185

25,176

12,868

9,915

12,253

71,371

231,629

Special Mention

329

562

891

Substandard

8,923

2,022

6,885

117

842

3,341

22,130

Total commercial and industrial

28,861

80,108

27,198

19,753

10,032

13,424

75,274

254,650

Current period gross charge-offs

100

35

166

301

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

Pass

43,211

87,386

91,415

40,083

25,855

132,866

1,723

422,539

Special Mention

Substandard

7,120

58

7,178

Total residential mortgage - term

43,211

87,386

91,415

40,083

25,855

139,986

1,781

429,717

Current period gross charge-offs

13

13

Residential mortgage - home equity

Pass

1,194

5,131

887

490

296

523

52,821

61,342

Special Mention

Substandard

40

17

570

627

Total residential mortgage - home equity

1,194

5,131

887

530

296

540

53,391

61,969

Current period gross charge-offs

42

42

Consumer:

Pass

15,997

11,773

7,254

2,503

718

21,278

2,807

62,330

Special Mention

Substandard

48

35

139

25

7

7

12

273

Total consumer

16,045

11,808

7,393

2,528

725

21,285

2,819

62,603

Current period gross charge-offs

158

184

55

3

281

681

Total Portfolio Loans

Pass

153,999

302,155

185,300

136,354

103,657

306,353

138,512

1,326,330

Special Mention

6,427

1,657

8,084

Substandard

48

8,958

2,161

6,950

1,995

20,912

4,581

45,605

Total Portfolio Loans

$

154,047

$

311,113

$

187,461

$

143,304

$

105,652

$

333,692

$

144,750

$

1,380,019

Current YTD Period:

Current period gross charge-offs

$

258

$

184

$

90

$

169

$

$

423

$

$

1,124

28

Table of Contents

(in thousands)

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

2019

    

2018

    

2017 and Prior

    

Revolving

    

Total Portfolio Loans

December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

Pass

$

67,429

$

31,710

$

48,421

$

41,221

$

19,414

$

42,069

$

1,570

$

251,834

Special Mention

6,289

6,289

Substandard

11,935

11,935

Total non-owner occupied

67,429

31,710

48,421

41,221

19,414

60,293

1,570

270,058

Current period gross charge-offs

All other CRE

Pass

24,655

26,947

22,906

27,213

8,873

67,691

4,790

183,075

Special Mention

1,111

1,111

Substandard

3,006

357

1,224

4,587

Total all other CRE

24,655

28,058

22,906

30,219

8,873

68,048

6,014

188,773

Current period gross charge-offs

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

Pass

15,629

1,453

151

210

2,194

19,637

Special Mention

Substandard

Total acquisition and development

15,629

1,453

151

210

2,194

19,637

Current period gross charge-offs

20

20

All other A&D

Pass

18,733

4,979

9,755

1,408

558

12,961

2,419

50,813

Special Mention

Substandard

146

146

Total all other A&D

18,733

4,979

9,755

1,408

558

13,107

2,419

50,959

Current period gross charge-offs

Commercial and industrial:

Pass

83,608

30,451

15,982

12,707

5,013

9,528

63,668

220,957

Special Mention

2,555

338

2,134

5,027

Substandard

8,923

7,167

173

634

311

2,204

19,412

Total commercial and industrial

92,531

33,006

23,149

12,880

5,647

10,177

68,006

245,396

Current period gross charge-offs

97

34

3

134

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

Pass

64,930

93,665

42,784

27,120

14,132

133,397

2,306

378,334

Special Mention

Substandard

16

237

143

5,634

23

6,053

Total residential mortgage - term

64,930

93,665

42,800

27,357

14,275

139,031

2,329

384,387

Current period gross charge-offs

28

28

Residential mortgage - home equity

Pass

5,739

957

538

328

97

478

51,232

59,369

Special Mention

Substandard

44

21

40

550

655

Total residential mortgage - home equity

5,739

957

582

328

118

518

51,782

60,024

Current period gross charge-offs

12

6

18

Consumer:

Pass

16,748

10,495

3,845

1,596

687

24,096

2,654

60,121

Special Mention

Substandard

92

27

9

7

4

139

Total consumer

16,748

10,587

3,872

1,605

694

24,096

2,658

60,260

Current period gross charge-offs

36

494

18

37

11

40

636

Total Portfolio Loans

Pass

297,471

200,657

144,382

111,593

48,774

290,430

130,833

1,224,140

Special Mention

3,666

6,627

2,134

12,427

Substandard

8,923

92

7,254

3,425

805

18,423

4,005

42,927

Total Portfolio Loans

$

306,394

$

204,415

$

151,636

$

115,018

$

49,579

$

315,480

$

136,972

$

1,279,494

Current YTD Period:

Current period gross charge-offs

$

36

$

591

$

52

$

40

$

23

$

94

$

$

836

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past.

29

Table of Contents

The following tables present loan balances by year of origination segregated by performing and non-performing loans for the periods presented:

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

2019

    

2018 and Prior

    

Revolving

    

Total Portfolio Loans

September 30, 2023

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

Performing

$

20,580

$

66,381

$

30,726

$

54,643

$

39,758

$

80,962

$

1,111

$

294,161

Nonperforming

Total non-owner occupied

20,580

66,381

30,726

54,643

39,758

80,962

1,111

294,161

All other CRE

Performing

21,848

27,791

25,848

22,666

26,474

66,744

5,752

197,123

Nonperforming

Total all other CRE

21,848

27,791

25,848

22,666

26,474

66,744

5,752

197,123

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

Performing

7,716

9,311

500

17,527

Nonperforming

Total acquisition and development

7,716

9,311

500

17,527

All other A&D

Performing

14,592

23,197

3,994

3,101

2,512

10,631

4,122

62,149

Nonperforming

120

120

Total all other A&D

14,592

23,197

3,994

3,101

2,512

10,751

4,122

62,269

Commercial and industrial:

Performing

28,861

80,108

27,198

19,753

10,032

13,424

75,274

254,650

Nonperforming

Total commercial and industrial

28,861

80,108

27,198

19,753

10,032

13,424

75,274

254,650

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

Performing

43,211

87,386

91,415

40,083

25,755

137,107

1,749

426,706

Nonperforming

100

2,879

32

3,011

Total residential mortgage - term

43,211

87,386

91,415

40,083

25,855

139,986

1,781

429,717

Residential mortgage - home equity

Performing

1,194

5,131

887

490

296

524

53,087

61,609

Nonperforming

40

16

304

360

Total residential mortgage - home equity

1,194

5,131

887

530

296

540

53,391

61,969

Consumer:

Performing

16,045

11,793

7,384

2,504

725

21,200

2,819

62,470

Nonperforming

15

9

24

85

133

Total consumer

16,045

11,808

7,393

2,528

725

21,285

2,819

62,603

Total Portfolio Loans

Performing

154,047

311,098

187,452

143,240

105,552

330,592

144,414

1,376,395

Nonperforming

15

9

64

100

3,100

336

3,624

Total Portfolio Loans

$

154,047

$

311,113

$

187,461

$

143,304

$

105,652

$

333,692

$

144,750

$

1,380,019

30

Table of Contents

(in thousands)

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

2019

    

2018

    

2017 and Prior

    

Revolving

    

Total Portfolio Loans

December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate:

Non-owner-occupied

Performing

$

67,429

$

31,710

$

48,421

$

41,221

$

19,414

$

60,206

$

1,570

$

269,971

Nonperforming

87

87

Total non-owner occupied

67,429

31,710

48,421

41,221

19,414

60,293

1,570

270,058

All other CRE

Performing

24,655

28,058

22,906

30,219

8,873

67,990

6,014

188,715

Nonperforming

58

58

Total all other CRE

24,655

28,058

22,906

30,219

8,873

68,048

6,014

188,773

Acquisition and development:

1-4 family residential construction

Performing

15,629

1,453

151

210

2,194

19,637

Nonperforming

Total acquisition and development

15,629

1,453

151

210

2,194

19,637

All other A&D

Performing

18,733

4,979

9,755

1,408

558

12,962

2,419

50,814

Nonperforming

145

145

Total all other A&D

18,733

4,979

9,755

1,408

558

13,107

2,419

50,959

Commercial and industrial:

Performing

92,531

33,006

23,149

12,880

5,647

10,177

68,006

245,396

Nonperforming

Total commercial and industrial

92,531

33,006

23,149

12,880

5,647

10,177

68,006

245,396

Residential mortgage:

Residential mortgage - term

Performing

64,930

93,665

42,800

27,120

14,198

136,228

2,313

381,254

Nonperforming

237

77

2,803

16

3,133

Total residential mortgage - term

64,930

93,665

42,800

27,357

14,275

139,031

2,329

384,387

Residential mortgage - home equity

Performing

5,739

957

538

328

115

478

51,515

59,670

Nonperforming

44

3

40

267

354

Total residential mortgage - home equity

5,739

957

582

328

118

518

51,782

60,024

Consumer:

Performing

16,748

10,581

3,872

1,605

694

24,077

2,658

60,235

Nonperforming

6

19

25

Total consumer

16,748

10,587

3,872

1,605

694

24,096

2,658

60,260

Total Portfolio Loans

Performing

306,394

204,409

151,592

114,781

49,499

312,328

136,689

1,275,692

Nonperforming

6

44

237

80

3,152

283

3,802

Total Portfolio Loans

$

306,394

$

204,415

$

151,636

$

115,018

$

49,579

$

315,480

$

136,972

$

1,279,494

31

Table of Contents

Note 6 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Corporation complies with the guidance of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements required under other accounting pronouncements. The Corporation also follows the guidance on matters relating to all financial instruments found in ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments – Overall.

Fair value is defined as the price to sell an asset or to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants as of the measurement date. Fair value is best determined by values quoted through active trading markets. Active trading markets are characterized by numerous transactions of similar financial instruments between willing buyers and willing sellers. Because no active trading market exists for various types of financial instruments, many of the fair values disclosed were derived using present value discounted cash flows or other valuation techniques described below. As a result, the Corporation’s ability to actually realize these derived values cannot be assumed.

The Corporation measures fair values based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC Paragraph 820-10-35-37. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value under the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets and liabilities. This level is the most reliable source of valuation.

Level 2: Quoted prices that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 2 inputs include inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (for example, interest rates and yield curves at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks, and default rates). It also includes inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market-corroborated inputs). Several sources are utilized for valuing these assets, including a contracted valuation service, Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) evaluations and pricing services, and other valuation matrices.

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the valuation assumptions and not readily observable in the market (i.e. supported with little or no market activity). Level 3 instruments are valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and consider risk premiums that a market participant would require.

The level established within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Transfers in and out of Level 1, 2 or 3 are recorded at fair value at the beginning of the reporting period.

Investments – The investment portfolio is classified and accounted for based on the guidance of ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.

The fair value of investments is determined using a market approach.  As of September 30, 2023, the U.S. Government agencies and treasuries, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, and state and political subdivisions bonds, excluding tax increment financing (“TIF”) bonds, were classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy.  Their fair values were determined based upon market-corroborated inputs and valuation matrices, which were obtained through third party data service providers or securities brokers through which the Corporation has historically transacted both purchases and sales of investment securities.  The TIF bonds and CDO portfolio, which consists of pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks, thrifts, and insurance companies, are classified as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy.  The CDO fair values are determined by a third party using a discounted cash flow model.

Derivative financial instruments (Cash flow hedge) – The Corporation’s open derivative positions are interest rate swap agreements. Those classified as Level 2 open derivative positions are valued using externally developed pricing models based on observable market inputs provided by a third party and validated by management.  The Corporation has considered counterparty credit risk in the valuation of its interest rate swap assets.

32

Table of Contents

Nonrecurring Basis  

Individually Evaluated Loans- Individual loans with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and with a remaining principal balance of $0.1 million or more are evaluated for potential specific reserves and adjusted, if a shortfall exists, to fair value less costs to sell.  Fair value is measured based on the value of the value of the underlying collateral securing the loan if repayment is expected solely from the sale of operation of the collateral or present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual interest rate if the loan is not determined to be collateral dependent.  

Fair value for individually evaluated loans is determined using several methods.  Generally, the fair value of real estate is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisals.  These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach.  Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available.  These routine adjustments are made to adjust the value of a specific property relative to comparable properties for variations in qualities such as location, size, and income production capacity relative to the subject property of the appraisal.  

Subsequent to the initial impairment date, existing individually evaluated loans are reevaluated quarterly for additional impairment and adjustments to fair value less costs to sell are made, where appropriate.  For individually evaluated loans, the first state of our impairment analysis involves inspection of the property in question to affirm the condition has not deteriorated since the previous impairment analysis date.  Management also engages in conversations with local real estate professionals and market participants to determine the likely marketing time and value range for the property.  The second state involves an assessment of current trends in the regional market.  After thorough consideration of these factors, management will order a new appraisal.

For non-individually evaluated loans, the fair value is determined by updating the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate to reflect the payment schedule for the remaining life of the loan.

Equity Investment- Equity investments included in the table below are considered impaired with losses recognized on the income statement in net gains.  Fair value of the equity investment was based on an independent third party valuation report where the value was determined based on the revenue multiples of like kind information technology businesses.  These assets are included as Level 3 fair values based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements.

Other real estate owned – Other real estate owned included in the table below are considered impaired with specific write-downs. Fair value of other real estate owned was based on independent third party appraisals of the properties. These values were determined based on the sales prices of similar properties in the approximate geographic area. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements.

33

Table of Contents

For assets measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

Fair Value Measurements
at September 30, 2023 Using

Quoted

Prices in

Significant

Assets

Active Markets

Other

Significant

Measured at

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Fair Value

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

(in thousands)

    

09/30/23

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

Recurring:

Investment securities available-for-sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

9,360

$

9,360

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

$

33,369

$

33,369

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

$

27,055

$

27,055

Collateralized mortgage obligations

$

18,987

$

18,987

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

$

10,066

$

10,066

Corporate bonds

$

749

$

749

Collateralized debt obligations

$

14,784

$

14,784

Financial derivatives

$

1,099

$

1,099

Non-recurring:

Equity Investment

$

2,862

$

2,862

Other real estate owned

$

$

Fair Value Measurements
at December 31, 2022 Using

Quoted

Prices in

Significant

Assets/(liabilities)

Active Markets

Other

Significant

Measured at

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Fair Value

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

(in thousands)

    

12/31/22

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

Recurring:

Investment securities available-for-sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

9,462

$

9,462

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

$

37,401

$

37,401

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

$

30,732

$

30,732

Collateralized mortgage obligations

$

21,044

$

21,044

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

$

10,492

$

10,492

Corporate bonds

$

887

887

Collateralized debt obligations

$

15,871

$

15,871

Financial derivatives

$

1,068

$

1,068

Non-recurring:

Impaired loans, net

$

211

$

211

Equity investment

$

1,796

$

1,796

Other real estate owned

$

$

At September 30, 2023, individually evaluated loans had a net carrying amount of $2.3 million with no valuation allowance.

At December 31, 2022, the fair value of impaired loans with a valuation allowance or charge-off was $1.0 million, net of valuation allowances of $64,700 and charge-offs of $1.3 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, changes to the valuation allowance or additional charge off activity was recorded on loans with a net balance of approximately $0.4 million.

34

Table of Contents

There were no transfers of assets between any of the fair value hierarchy for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 or 2022.

For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

(in thousands)

    

Fair Value at
September 30,
2023

    

Valuation
Technique

    

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

    

Significant
Unobservable
Input Value

Recurring:

Investment Securities – available for sale -CDO

$

14,784

Discounted Cash Flow

Discount Margin

Range of mid 500 to low 600

Non-recurring:

Individually Evaluated Loans, net

$

-

Market Comparable Properties

Marketability Discount

N/A

Equity Investment

$

2,862

Market Method

Revenue Multiples

2.8x

(in thousands)

    

Fair Value at
December 31,
2022

    

Valuation
Technique

    

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

    

Significant
Unobservable
Input Value

Recurring:

Investment Securities – available for sale -CDO

$

15,871

Discounted Cash Flow

Discount Rate

Range of low to mid
300 and low to high 400

Non-recurring:

Impaired Loans, net

$

211

Market Comparable Properties

Marketability Discount

10.0% - 15.0%

Equity Investment

$

1,796

Market Method

Revenue Multiples

2.8x

(1)Range would include discounts taken since appraisal and estimated values

35

Table of Contents

The following tables show a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued assets measured on a recurring basis using Level 3 significant unobservable inputs for the nine- and three- month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Fair Value Measurements

Using Significant Unobservable Inputs

(Level 3)

Investment Securities

(in thousands)

    

Available for Sale

Beginning balance January 1, 2023

$

15,871

Total losses realized/unrealized:

Included in other comprehensive loss

(1,087)

Ending balance September 30, 2023

$

14,784

Fair Value Measurements

Using Significant Unobservable Inputs

(Level 3)

Investment Securities

(in thousands)

    

Available for Sale

Beginning balance January 1, 2022

$

17,192

Total losses realized/unrealized:

Included in other comprehensive loss

(1,310)

Ending balance September 30, 2022

$

15,882

Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

(in thousands)

 Investment Securities
Available for Sale

Beginning balance July 1, 2023

$

14,105

Total gains realized/unrealized:

Included in other comprehensive income

679

Ending balance September 30, 2023

$

14,784

Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

(in thousands)

 Investment Securities
Available for Sale

Beginning balance July 1, 2022

$

16,258

Total losses realized/unrealized:

Included in other comprehensive income

(376)

Ending balance September 30, 2022

$

15,882

There were no gains or losses included in earnings attributable to the change in realized/unrealized gains or losses related to the assets for the nine- or three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 or 2022.

The disclosed fair values may vary significantly between institutions based on the estimates and assumptions used in the various valuation methodologies. The derived fair values are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and significant judgment.

36

Table of Contents

Therefore, they cannot be determined with precision. Changes in the assumptions could significantly impact the derived estimates of fair value. Disclosure of non-financial assets such as buildings, as well as certain financial instruments such as leases is not required. Accordingly, the aggregate fair values presented do not represent the underlying value of the Corporation.

The following tables present fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. The actual carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments that are included in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition are as follows:

37

Table of Contents

September 30, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Quoted

Prices in

Significant

Active Markets

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Carrying

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

(in thousands)

    

Amount

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

Financial Assets:

Cash and due from banks

$

78,939

$

78,939

$

78,939

Interest bearing deposits in banks

1,713

1,713

1,713

Investment securities - AFS

114,370

114,370

$

99,586

$

14,784

Investment securities - HTM

215,683

176,826

174,971

1,855

Restricted bank stock

5,251

N/A

Loans held for sale

208

208

208

Loans, net

1,362,502

1,265,829

1,265,829

Financial derivatives

1,099

1,099

1,099

Accrued interest receivable

6,689

6,689

874

5,815

Financial Liabilities:

Deposits - non-maturity

1,354,015

1,354,015

1,354,015

Deposits - time deposits

221,054

217,610

217,610

Short-term borrowed funds

53,330

53,330

53,330

Long-term borrowed funds

110,929

110,514

110,514

Accrued interest payable

578

578

578

December 31, 2022

Fair Value Measurements

Quoted

Prices in

Significant

Active Markets

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable

Carrying

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

(in thousands)

    

Amount

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

Financial Assets:

Cash and due from banks

$

72,720

$

72,720

$

72,720

Interest bearing deposits in banks

1,595

1,595

1,595

Investment securities - AFS

125,889

125,889

$

110,018

$

15,871

Investment securities - HTM

235,659

203,080

182,380

20,700

Restricted bank stock

1,027

N/A

Loans held for sale

Loans, net

1,264,684

1,177,702

1,177,702

Financial derivative

1,068

1,068

1,068

Accrued interest receivable

6,051

6,051

933

5,118

Financial Liabilities:

Deposits - non-maturity

1,450,210

1,450,210

1,450,210

Deposits - time deposits

120,523

120,083

120,083

Financial derivatives

Short-term borrowed funds

64,565

64,565

64,565

Long-term borrowed funds

30,929

30,909

30,909

Accrued interest payable

151

151

151

38

Table of Contents

Note 7 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table presents the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the 12 months ended December 31, 2022 and the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2023:

Investment

securities-

with credit

Investment

related

securities-

Investment

impairment

all other

securities-

Cash Flow

Pension

(in thousands)

    

AFS

    

AFS

    

HTM

    

Hedge

    

Plan

    

SERP

    

Total

Accumulated OCL, net:

Balance - January 1, 2022

$

(949)

$

(5,749)

$

(134)

$

(319)

$

(18,108)

$

(2,055)

$

(27,314)

Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications

(614)

(10,629)

(6,120)

1,116

684

2,430

(13,133)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

(148)

(2)

551

821

199

1,421

Balance - December 31, 2022

$

(1,711)

$

(16,380)

$

(5,703)

$

797

$

(16,603)

$

574

$

(39,026)

Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications

(1,180)

985

(138)

123

(210)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

(37)

133

184

(1)

279

Balance - March 31, 2023

$

(2,928)

$

(15,395)

$

(5,570)

$

659

$

(16,296)

$

573

$

(38,957)

Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications

111

(1,654)

150

(42)

(1,435)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

(40)

129

195

(2)

282

Balance - June 30, 2023

$

(2,857)

$

(17,049)

$

(5,441)

$

809

$

(16,143)

$

571

$

(40,110)

Other comprehensive
  income/(loss) before
  reclassifications

475

(3,201)

11

(1,033)

(3,748)

Amounts reclassified from
  accumulated other
  comprehensive loss

(38)

130

194

(1)

285

Balance - September 30, 2023

$

(2,420)

$

(20,250)

$

(5,311)

$

820

$

(16,982)

$

570

$

(43,573)

39

Table of Contents

The following tables present the components of other comprehensive loss for the nine- and three- month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Before

Tax

Components of Other Comprehensive Loss

Tax

(Expense)

(in thousands)

    

Amount

    

Benefit

    

Net

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

Available for sale (AFS) securities with credit related impairment:

Unrealized holding losses

$

(777)

$

183

$

(594)

Less: accretable yield recognized in income

152

(37)

115

Net unrealized losses on investments with credit related impairment

(929)

220

(709)

Available for sale securities – all other:

Unrealized holding losses

(5,065)

1,195

(3,870)

Held to maturity securities:

Unrealized holding losses on securities transferred to held to maturity

Less: amortization recognized in income

(513)

121

(392)

Net unrealized gains on HTM securities

513

(121)

392

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains

30

(7)

23

Pension Plan:

Unrealized net actuarial gain

(1,250)

298

(952)

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(750)

177

(573)

Net pension plan liability adjustment

(500)

121

(379)

SERP:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

6

(2)

4

Net SERP liability adjustment

(6)

2

(4)

Other comprehensive loss

$

(5,957)

$

1,410

$

(4,547)

40

Table of Contents

Before

Tax

Components of Other Comprehensive Loss

Tax

(Expense)

(in thousands)

    

Amount

    

Benefit

    

Net

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022

Available for sale (AFS) securities with credit related impairment:

Unrealized holding gains

$

(853)

$

228

$

(625)

Less: accretable yield recognized in income

152

(41)

111

Net unrealized losses on investments with credit related impairment

(1,005)

269

(736)

Available for sale securities – all other:

Unrealized holding losses

(22,971)

6,147

(16,824)

Unrealized holding losses on securities transferred from available for sale to held to maturity

8,328

(2,228)

6,100

Less: gains recognized in income

3

(1)

2

Net unrealized losses on all other AFS securities

(14,646)

3,920

(10,726)

Held to maturity securities:

Unrealized holding losses on securities transferred to held to maturity

(8,328)

2,228

(6,100)

Less: gains recognized in income

93

(25)

68

Less: amortization recognized in income

(644)

172

(472)

Net unrealized losses on HTM securities

(7,777)

2,081

(5,696)

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains

1,622

(434)

1,188

Pension Plan:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

(14,079)

3,767

(10,312)

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(837)

224

(613)

Net pension plan liability adjustment

(13,242)

3,543

(9,699)

SERP:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(203)

54

(149)

Less: amortization of prior service costs

Net SERP liability adjustment

203

(54)

149

Other comprehensive loss

$

(34,845)

$

9,325

$

(25,520)

41

Table of Contents

Components of Other Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)

Before
Tax
Amount

Tax
(Expense)
Benefit

Net

For the three months ended September 30, 2023

Available for sale (AFS) securities with credit related impairment:

Unrealized holding gains

$

633

$

(158)

$

475

Less: accretable yield recognized in income

51

(13)

38

Net unrealized gains on investments with credit related impairment

582

(145)

437

Available for sale securities – all other:

Net unrealized losses on all other AFS securities

(4,183)

982

(3,201)

Held to maturity securities:

Unrealized holding gains

Less: amortization recognized in income

(167)

37

(130)

Net unrealized gains on HTM securities

167

(37)

130

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains

14

(3)

11

Pension Plan:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

(1,352)

319

(1,033)

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(251)

57

(194)

Net pension plan liability adjustment

(1,101)

262

(839)

SERP:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

2

(1)

1

Net SERP liability adjustment

(2)

1

(1)

Other comprehensive loss

$

(4,523)

$

1,060

$

(3,463)

42

Table of Contents

Components of Other Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)

Before
Tax
Amount

Tax
(Expense)
Benefit

Net

For the three months ended September 30, 2022

Available for sale (AFS) securities with credit related impairment:

Unrealized holding gains

$

(199)

$

53

$

(146)

Less: accretable yield recognized in income

51

(14)

37

Net unrealized losses on investments with credit related impairment

(250)

67

(183)

Available for sale securities – all other:

Unrealized holding losses

(6,768)

1,811

(4,957)

Less: gains recognized in income

Net unrealized losses on all other AFS securities

(6,768)

1,811

(4,957)

Held to maturity securities:

Unrealized holding gains

Less: gains recognized in income

93

(25)

68

Less: amortization recognized in income

(320)

85

(235)

Net unrealized gains on HTM securities

227

(60)

167

Cash flow hedges:

Unrealized holding gains

534

(142)

392

Pension Plan:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

(3,537)

945

(2,592)

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(279)

74

(205)

Less: amortization of prior service costs

Net pension plan liability adjustment

(3,258)

871

(2,387)

SERP:

Unrealized net actuarial loss

Less: amortization of unrecognized loss

(68)

18

(50)

Less: amortization of prior service costs

Net SERP liability adjustment

68

(18)

50

Other comprehensive loss

$

(9,447)

$

2,529

$

(6,918)

43

Table of Contents

The following table presents the details of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the nine- and three- month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Amounts Reclassified from

Nine Months Ended

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

September 30,

Affected Line Item in the Statement

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

Where Net Income is Presented

Net unrealized gains on available for sale investment securities with OTTI:

Accretable yield

$

152

$

152

Interest income on taxable investment securities

Taxes

(37)

(41)

Credit for income tax expense

$

115

$

111

Net of tax

Net unrealized gains on available for sale investment securities - all others:

Gains recognized

$

$

3

Net gains

Taxes

(1)

Provision for income tax expense

$

$

2

Net of tax

Net unrealized losses on held to maturity securities:

Amortization

$

(513)

$

(644)

Interest income on taxable investment securities

Gains/(losses) recognized

93

Net gains/(losses)

Taxes

121

147

Provision for income tax expense

$

(392)

$

(404)

Net of tax

Net pension plan liability adjustment:

Amortization of unrecognized loss

$

(750)

$

(837)

Other Expense

Taxes

177

224

Provision for income tax expense

$

(573)

$

(613)

Net of tax

Net SERP liability adjustment:

Amortization of unrecognized gain/(loss)

$

6

$

(203)

Other Expense

Taxes

(2)

54

(Credit)/provision for income tax expense

$

4

$

(149)

Net of tax

Total reclassifications for the period

$

(846)

$

(1,053)

Net of tax

44

Table of Contents

Amounts Reclassified from

Three Months Ended

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

September 30,

Affected Line Item in the Statement

(in thousands)

2023

2022

Where Net Income is Presented

Net unrealized gains on available for sale investment securities with OTTI:

Accretable Yield

$

51

$

51

Interest income on taxable investment securities

Taxes

(12)

(14)

Provision for income tax expense

$

39

$

37

Net of tax

Net unrealized losses on held to maturity securities:

Amortization

$

(167)

$

(320)

Interest income on taxable investment securities

Gains/(losses) recognized

93

Net gains/(losses)

Taxes

38

60

Provision for income tax expense

$

(129)

$

(167)

Net of tax

Net pension plan liability adjustment:

Amortization of unrecognized loss

$

(251)

$

(279)

Other expense

Taxes

57

74

Provision for income tax expense

$

(194)

$

(205)

Net of tax

Net SERP liability adjustment:

Amortization of unrecognized loss

$

2

$

(68)

Other expense

Taxes

(1)

18

Provision for income tax expense

$

1

$

(50)

Net of tax

Total reclassifications for the period

$

(283)

$

(385)

Net of tax

Note 8 - Equity Compensation Plan Information

At the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, First United Corporation’s shareholders approved the First United Corporation 2018 Equity Compensation Plan (the “Equity Plan”) which authorizes the issuance of up to 325,000 shares of common stock to employees, directors and qualifying consultants pursuant to stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, dividend equivalents, and other stock-based awards.

The Corporation complies with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, in measuring and disclosing stock compensation cost.  The measurement objective in ASC Paragraph 718-10-30-6 requires public companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. The cost is recognized in expense over the period in which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award (the vesting period).

Pursuant to First United Corporation’s director compensation policy, each director receives an annual retainer of 1,000 shares of First United Corporation common stock, plus $15,000 to be paid, at the director’s election, in cash or additional shares of common stock.   In May 2023, a total of 16,931 fully vested shares of common stock were issued to directors, which had a grant date fair value of $13.23 per share.  In May 2022, a total of 14,940 fully vested shares of common stock were issued to directors, which had a grant date fair value of $18.92 per share.  In January 2023, a total of 333 fully vested shares of common stock were issued to a new director, which had a grant date fair value of $19.36 per share.  Director stock compensation was $194,001 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $196,254 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.  Director stock compensation expense was $56,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 and $70,666 for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.  

During the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023, employee stock compensation expense was approximately $12,000 and $5,000, respectively.   Employee stock compensation expense was $0 for both the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2022.

45

Table of Contents

Restricted Stock Units

On March 26, 2020, pursuant to the Corporation’s Long Term Incentive Plan (the "LTIP"), which is a sub-plan of the Equity Plan, the Compensation Committee of First United Corporation’s Board of Directors (the "Committee") granted RSUs to the Corporation’s principal executive officer, its principal financial officer, and certain of its other executive officers. An RSU contemplates the issuance of shares of common stock of First United Corporation if and when the RSU vests.

The RSUs granted to each of the foregoing officers consist of (i) a performance vesting award for a three year performance period and (ii) a time-vesting award that will vest ratably over a three year period. Target performance levels were set based on the annual budget which supports the Corporation’s long-term objective of achieving high performance as compared to peers. Threshold performance is the minimum level of acceptable performance as defined by the Committee and maximum performance represented a level potentially achievable under ideal circumstances. Achievement of the threshold performance level would result in each executive participant earning a payout at 50% of his or her respective target award opportunity. Achievement of the target performance level would result in the executive participant earning the target award and achievement at or above the maximum performance level would result in the executive participant earning 150% of the target opportunity. Actual results for any goal that falls between performance levels would be interpolated to calculate a proportionate award. For the performance period ending December 31, 2022, the RSUs performance goals are based on earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2022 and growth in tangible book value per share during the performance period. For the performance period ending December 31, 2023, the RSUs performance goals are based on earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2023 and growth in tangible book value per share during the performance period.  For the performance period ending December 31, 2024, the RSUs performance goals are based on earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2024 and growth in tangible book value per share during the performance period.

To receive any shares under an RSU, a grantee must be employed by the Corporation or one of its subsidiaries on the applicable vesting date, except that a grantee whose employment terminates prior to such vesting date due to death, disability or retirement will be entitled to a pro-rated portion of the shares subject to the RSUs, assuming that, in the case of performance-vesting RSUs, the performance goals had been met at their "target" levels.

In the first quarter of 2020, RSUs were granted relating to (i) 9,791 performance-vesting shares (target level) for the performance period ending December 31, 2021 (the “2019 LTIP year”) and (ii) 10,143 performance-vesting shares and 5,070 time-vesting shares (target level) for the performance period ending December 31, 2022 (the “2020 LTIP year”).  Each RSU had a grant date fair market value of $12.54 per share of common stock underlying the RSU.  The time-vesting RSUs will vest ratably over a three-year period that began on March 26, 2021.  On March 9, 2022, 14,688 shares subject to RSUs granted for the 2019 LTIP year were issued at maximum performance level. On March 8, 2023, 15,216 shares subject to RSUs granted for the 2020 LTIP year were issued at maximum performance.  On March 26, 2021, 1,690 of the 5,070 time-vesting shares were issued to participants.  On March 28, 2022, 1,688  shares of the 3,380 remaining time-vesting shares were issued to participants.  On March 26, 2023, 1,692 shares of the remaining time-vesting shares were issued to participants.  Net stock compensation expense/(credit) was $15,896 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and ($5,299) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Stock compensation expense was $0 and ($37,091) for the third quarters of 2023 and 2022, respectively.  All compensation expense related to the 2019 LTIP year was recognized as of March 31, 2022.  All compensation expense related to the 2020 LTIP plans was recognized as of March 31, 2023.

In May 2021, RSUs relating to 7,389 performance-vesting shares and 3,693 time-vesting shares (target level) for plan year 2021 were granted, which had a grant date fair market value of $17.93 per share of common stock underlying each RSU.  The performance period for the performance-vesting RSUs is the three-year period ending December 31, 2023.  The time-vesting RSUs will vest ratably over a three-year period beginning on May 5, 2022. On May 5, 2022, 1,230 shares of the 3,693 time-vesting RSUs were issued to participants.  On May 5, 2023, 1,230 shares of the remaining 2,463 time-vesting shares were issued to the participants.  Stock compensation expense was $49,714 for the nine-month periods ended of 2023 and 2022.  Stock compensation expense was $16,571 for both of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.  Unrecognized compensation expense as of September 30, 2023 related to unvested units was $38,667.

In March 2022, RSUs relating to 8,096 performance-vesting shares and 6,238 time-vesting shares (target level) for plan year 2022 were granted, which had a grant date fair market value of $21.88 per share of common stock underlying each RSU.  The performance period for the performance-vesting RSUs is the three-year period ending December 31, 2024.  The time-vesting RSUs will vest ratably over a three year period beginning on March 9, 2023.  On March 9, 2023, 2,079 shares of the 6,238 time-vesting

46

Table of Contents

RSUs were issued to participants. Stock compensation expense was $78,436 and $52,290 for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  Stock compensation expense was $26,145 for both of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Unrecognized compensation expense as of September 30, 2023 related to unvested units was $156,872.

In March 2023, RSUs relating to 10,214 performance-vesting shares and 7,920 time-vesting shares (target level) for plan year 2023 were granted, which had a grant date fair market value of $18.25 per share of common stock underlying each RSU.  The performance period for the performance-vesting RSUs is the three year period ending December 31, 2025.  The time-vesting RSUs will vest ratably over a three-year period beginning on March 15, 2024. Stock compensation expense was $55,170 and $27,585 for  the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023.  Unrecognized compensation expense as of September 30, 2023 related to unvested units was $275,859.

Note 9– Derivative Financial Instruments

As a part of managing interest rate risk, the Corporation entered into interest rate swap agreements to modify the re-pricing characteristics of certain interest-bearing liabilities. The Corporation has designated its interest rate swap agreements as cash flow hedges under the guidance of ASC Subtopic 815-30, Derivatives and Hedging – Cash Flow Hedges. Cash flow hedges have the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative, net of taxes, recorded in net accumulated other comprehensive income.

In March 2016, the Corporation entered into four interest rate swap contracts totaling $30.0 million notional amount, hedging future cash flows associated with floating rate trust preferred debt. As of September 30, 2023, $15.0 million notional amount remains.   The interest rate swap creates an effective fixed interest rate of 4.6450% on the $15.0 million notional amount of the Corporation’s junior subordination debt until the interest rate swap’s maturity in March 2026.  The fair value of the interest rate swap contracts was $1.1 million at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Corporation recorded an increase in the value of the derivatives of  thousand and the related deferred tax of $7 thousand in net accumulated other comprehensive loss to reflect the effective portion of cash flow hedges.  For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Corporation recorded an increase in the value of the derivatives of $14 thousand and the related deferred tax of $3 thousand in net accumulated other comprehensive income to reflect the effective portion of cash flow hedges.  ASC Subtopic 815-30 requires the net accumulated other comprehensive loss to be reclassified to earnings if the hedge becomes ineffective or is terminated. There was no hedge ineffectiveness recorded for the nine- or three-month periods ended September 30, 2023. The Corporation does not expect any material losses relating to these hedges to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

Interest rate swap agreements are entered into with counterparties that meet established credit standards and the Corporation believes that the credit risk inherent in these contracts is not significant as of September 30, 2023.

47

Table of Contents

The table below discloses the impact of derivative financial instruments on the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the nine-and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Derivative in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

Amount of gain or

(loss) recognized in

Amount of gain or

Amount of gain or

income or derivative

(loss) recognized in

(loss) reclassified from

(ineffective portion

OCI on derivative

accumulated OCI into

and amount excluded

(effective portion),

income (effective

from effectiveness

(in thousands)

    

net of tax

    

portion) (a)

    

testing) (b)

Interest rate contracts:

Nine months ended:

September 30, 2023

$

23

$

$

September 30, 2022

1,188

Three months ended:

September 30, 2023

$

11

$

$

September 30, 2022

392

Notes:

(a)Reported as interest expense
(b)Reported as other income

Note 10 – Regulatory Capital Requirements

The following table presents our capital ratios as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

    

September 30,
2023

    

December 31,
2022

    

Required for
Capital
Adequacy
Purposes

    

Required
to be Well
Capitalized

 

Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

14.12

%  

14.37

%  

8.00

%  

10.00

%

Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

12.88

%  

13.29

%  

6.00

%  

8.00

%

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

12.88

%  

13.29

%  

4.50

%  

6.50

%

Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)

9.81

%  

10.01

%  

4.00

%  

5.00

%

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank was considered “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  We adopted CECL effective January 1, 2023 and elected not to implement the regulatory agencies’ capital transition and instead opted to record the impact to our capital ratios immediately upon implementation.

Effective with the implementation of CECL, a $2.2 million adjustment, net of tax, was made to retained earnings.  The adjustment did not have a material impact to our capital ratios.

48

Table of Contents

Note 11 – Deposits

The following table summarizes deposits as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30, 2023

    

December 31, 2022

Balance

Percent

Balance

Percent

Non-Interest-bearing deposits:

$

429,691

    

27%

$

506,613

32%

Interest-bearing deposits:

Demand

381,782

24%

327,685

21%

Money Market

338,153

22%

365,192

23%

Savings deposits

204,389

13%

250,720

16%

Time deposits- retail

160,380

10%

120,523

8%

Time deposits- brokered

60,674

4%

0%

Total Deposits

$

1,575,069

100%

$

1,570,733

100%

49

Table of Contents

Note 12 – Borrowed Funds

The following is a summary of borrowings:

(Dollars in thousands)

Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2023

Year Ended
December 31, 2022

Short-term Correspondent Bank Advance:

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:

Outstanding at end of period

$

53,330

$

64,565

Weighted average interest rate at end of period

0.27%

0.12%

Maximum amount outstanding as of any month end

$

59,777

$

75,912

Average amount outstanding

$

51,044

$

63,182

Approximate weighted average rate during the period

0.23%

0.12%

FHLB advances, bearing fixed interest at rates ranging from 4.53% to 4.69% at September 30, 2023

$

80,000

$

-

Junior subordinated debt, bearing variable interest rate of 8.42% at September 30, 2023 and 7.49% at December 31, 2022

30,929

30,929

Total borrowings outstanding

$

164,259

$

95,494

At September 30, 2023, the repurchase agreements were secured by $58.7 million in investment securities issued by government related agencies.  A minimum of 102% of fair value is pledged against account balances.

Note 13 – Segment Reporting

Currently, the Corporation conducts business in two operating segments:  (i) Community Banking and (ii) Trust and Investment Services.  The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies provided earlier in this report.

Business activity for the operating segments are as follows:

Community Banking:  The Community Banking segment is conducted through the Bank and involves delivering a broad range of financial products and services, including various loan and deposit products, to consumer, business, and not-for-profit customers.  Parent company income and assets are included in the Community Banking segment, as the majority of parent company functions are related to this segment.  Major revenue sources include net interest income, gains on sales of mortgage loans, and service charges on deposit accounts.  Expenses include personnel, occupancy, marketing, equipment, and other expenses.  Non-cash charges other than depreciation of fixed assets were immaterial for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Trust and Investment Services:  The Trust and Investment Services segment is conducted through the Bank and offers corporate trustee services, trust and estate administration, IRA administration and custody services.  Revenues for this segment is generated from administration, service and custody fees, as well as management fees that are derived from Assets Under Management.  Expenses include personnel, occupancy, marketing, equipment, and other expenses.   Non-cash charges associated with amortization of intangibles were approximately $156,000 for both of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and $52,000 for both of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

50

Table of Contents

Information for the operating segments for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 are presented in the following tables:

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 2023

Trust and

Community

Investment

(in thousands)

Banking

Services

Total

Interest income

$

58,965

$

-

$

58,965

Interest expense

16,289

-

16,289

Credit loss expense

1,201

-

1,201

Non-interest income

6,927

6,933

13,860

Non-interest expense

34,070

3,864

37,934

Income before income taxes and intercompany fees

14,332

3,069

17,401

Intercompany management fee income (expense)

9

(9)

-

Income before income taxes

14,341

3,060

17,401

Income tax expense

3,456

643

4,099

Net income

$

10,885

$

2,417

$

13,302

Nine months ended

September 30, 2022

Trust and

Community

Investment

(in thousands)

Banking

Services

Total

Interest income

$

45,063

$

-

$

45,063

Interest expense

2,610

-

2,610

Credit loss expense

109

-

109

Non-interest income

6,517

7,043

13,560

Non-interest expense

28,007

3,532

31,539

Income before income taxes and intercompany fees

20,854

3,511

24,365

Intercompany management fee income (expense)

-

-

-

Income before income taxes

20,854

3,511

24,365

Income tax expense

5,549

737

6,286

Net income

$

15,305

$

2,774

$

18,079

51

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended

September 30, 2023

Trust and

Community

Investment

(in thousands)

Banking

Services

Total

Interest income

$

21,164

$

-

$

21,164

Interest expense

7,180

-

7,180

Credit loss expense

263

-

263

Non-interest income

2,515

2,383

4,898

Non-interest expense

11,507

1,278

12,785

Income before income taxes and intercompany fees

4,729

1,105

5,834

Intercompany management fee income (expense)

3

(3)

-

Income before income taxes

4,732

1,102

5,834

Income tax expense

1,090

231

1,321

Net income

$

3,642

$

871

$

4,513

Three Months Ended

September 30, 2022

Trust and

Community

Investment

(in thousands)

Banking

Services

Total

Interest income

$

16,185

$

-

$

16,185

Interest expense

1,044

-

1,044

Credit loss credit

(101)

-

(101)

Non-interest income

2,423

2,277

4,700

Non-interest expense

9,208

1,121

10,329

Income before income taxes and intercompany fees

8,457

1,156

9,613

Intercompany management fee income (expense)

-

-

-

Income before income taxes

8,457

1,156

9,613

Income tax expense

2,434

243

2,677

Net income

$

6,023

$

913

$

6,936

Total non-fiduciary assets of the trust and investment services segment were $0.8 million (including $0.7 million in intangible assets) at September 30, 2023 and $0.9 million (including $0.8 million in intangible assets) at December 31, 2022.

Note 14 – Goodwill

ASC Topic 350, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other Intangibles provides guidance with respect to goodwill.  Under this guidance, goodwill is not amortized but shall be tested at least annually for impairment at a level of accounting referred to as a reporting unit.  The Corporation is considered the sole reporting unit.  Goodwill of a reporting unit shall be tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.  Impairment of goodwill is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit that includes goodwill exceeds the fair value.  A goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the amount that the carrying amount of a reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds fair value, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

An entity may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill.  If after assessing the totality of events or circumstances qualitatively, an entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test is unnecessary.  

52

Table of Contents

Management notes that the heightened liquidity concerns that caused the failure of three banks in the United States in 2023 has had global impacts on some macroeconomic conditions and has created an unprecedented economic environment in which the Corporation and many other financial institutions are operating.  The uncertainty has resulted in a significant decrease in the Corporation’s stock price, as well as the banking industry in general.  Based on the totality of the circumstances and the impact of the economic conditions on the stock price, an internal analysis as of September 30, 2023, was performed.  The results of the internal analysis determined there is no goodwill impairment as of September 30, 2023.  Management will continue to monitor the goodwill throughout the remainder of 2023.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

INTRODUCTION

The following discussion and analysis is intended as a review of material changes in and significant factors affecting the financial condition and results of operations of First United Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods indicated. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained in Item 1 of Part I of this report, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Unless the context clearly suggests otherwise, references in this report to “us”, “we”, “our”, and “the Corporation” are to First United Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements do not represent historical facts, but are statements about management’s beliefs, plans and objectives about the future, as well as its assumptions and judgments concerning such beliefs, plans and objectives. These statements are evidenced by terms such as "anticipate," "estimate," "should," "expect," "believe," "intend," and similar expressions. Although these statements reflect management’s good faith beliefs and projections, they are not guarantees of future performance and they may not prove true. The beliefs, plans and objectives on which forward-looking statements are based involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those addressed in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion of these risks and uncertainties, see the section of the periodic reports that First United Corporation files with the Securities and Exchange Commission entitled "Risk Factors".

FIRST UNITED CORPORATION

First United Corporation is a Maryland corporation chartered in 1985 and a financial holding company registered with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “FRB”) under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, that elected financial holding company status in 2021.  The Corporation’s primary business is serving as the parent company of First United Bank & Trust, a Maryland trust company (the “Bank”), First United Statutory Trust I (“Trust I”) and First United Statutory Trust II (“Trust II” and together with Trust I, “the Trusts”), both Connecticut statutory business trusts.  The Trusts were formed for the purpose of selling trust preferred securities that qualified as Tier 1 capital.  The Bank has two consumer finance company subsidiaries- OakFirst Loan Center, Inc., a West Virginia corporation, and OakFirst Loan Center, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company – and two subsidiaries that it uses to hold real estate acquired through foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure – First OREO Trust, a Maryland statutory trust, and FUBT OREO I, LLC, a Maryland limited liability company.  In addition, the Bank owns 99.9% of the limited partnership interests in Liberty Mews Limited Partnership, a Maryland limited partnership formed for the purpose of acquiring, developing and operating low-income housing units in Garrett County, Maryland, and a 99.9% non-voting membership interest in MCC FUBT Fund, LLC, an Ohio limited liability company formed for the purpose of acquiring, developing and operating low-income housing units in Allegany County, Maryland.  

At September 30, 2023, the Corporation’s total assets were $1.9 billion, net loans were $1.4 billion, and deposits were $1.6 billion. Shareholders’ equity at September 30, 2023 was $155.0 million.

53

Table of Contents

We maintain an Internet site at www.mybank.com on which we make available, free of charge, First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to the foregoing as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth certain selected financial data for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 and is qualified in its entirety by the detailed information and unaudited financial statements, including the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this quarterly report.

As of the nine months ended

September 30,

    

2023

    

2022

 

Per Share Data

Basic net income per common share

$

1.99

$

2.72

Diluted net income per common share

$

1.98

$

2.72

Basic book value per common share

$

23.08

$

19.83

Diluted book value per common share

$

23.03

$

19.80

Significant Ratios:

Return on Average Assets (a)

0.93

%

1.35

%

Return on Average Equity (a)

11.44

%

17.66

%

Average Equity to Average Assets

8.14

%

7.66

%

Capital Ratios:

Consolidated Total Capital (to risk weighted assets)

15.81

%

15.50

%

Consolidated Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)

14.60

%

14.40

%

Consolidated Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)

12.60

%

12.36

%

Consolidated Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)

11.25

%

11.23

%

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

Consolidated net income was $4.5 million for the third quarter of 2023,compared to $6.9 million for the third quarter of 2022 and $4.4 million for the second quarter of 2023. Basic and diluted net income was $0.67 per share for the third quarter of 2023, compared to basic and diluted net income of $1.04 per share for the third quarter of 2022 and $0.66 per share for the second quarter of 2023.  

The decrease in quarterly net income, year-over-year, was primarily driven by a $1.3 million decrease in net interest income.  Interest expense increased by $6.1 million year-over-year, which was partially offset by an increase in interest income of $4.9 million.  The provision for credit losses was $0.3 million for the third quarter of 2023, compared to a credit to the provision of $0.1 million for the third quarter of 2022.  Salaries and employee benefits increased by $0.8 million due to an increase in health insurance costs related to unusually high claims, as well as increased salary expense for new hires, merit increases effective April 1, 2023, a one-time severance pay-out, and decreases in deferred loan costs, partially offset by decreases in incentives and stock compensation.  Data processing expenses increased by $0.1 million, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) premiums increased by $0.1 million and miscellaneous expenses increased by $0.6 million primarily attributable to increased net periodic pension plan costs of

54

Table of Contents

$0.3 million and check fraud related expenses of $0.3 million.  Check fraud has been on the rise throughout 2023 industry-wide.   During the third quarter, management implemented additional procedures to help mitigate this increased risk.

Net income for the first nine months of 2023 was $13.3 million, compared to $18.1 million for the same period in 2022, a $4.8 million decrease.  The year-over-year decrease was driven by an increase in total operating expenses of $6.4 million.  Salaries and employee benefits increased by $3.2 due primarily to increased salary expense of $1.9 million related to new hires, the competitive environment for labor and merit increases effective April 1, 2023, increased health insurance costs of $1.0 million associated with unusually high claims and decreases of $0.4 in deferred loan costs. Occupancy and equipment expense increased by $0.2 million, data processing expense increased by $0.4 million due to planned implementation of new technology, and FDIC assessments increased by $0.2 million.  Other miscellaneous expenses, such as loan service fees, dues and licenses, check fraud expenses, employee benefit plan expense, and miscellaneous expenses, increased by $1.7 million and professional fees increased by $0.7 million due to the one-time $0.8 million cash receipt related to reimbursement of litigation expenses that was credited to expenses in 2022.  Provision for credit losses increased by $1.1 million when compared to prior year period.  These increases were partially offset by increases in net interest income of $0.2 million, gains on sales of mortgages of $0.3 million, service charges on deposit accounts of $0.2 million, and $0.1 million increase in miscellaneous income.  Income taxes were down by $2.2 million comparing the two periods.

Other operating income, including gains, for the third quarter of 2023 increased by $0.2 million when compared to the same period of 2022.  Increases in service charges, wealth management income, and gains on sales of mortgages were partially offset by a decrease in debit card income.

Other operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased by $0.3 million when compared to the same period of 2022.  This increase was primarily due to the increase in gains on sales of mortgages of $0.3 million, service charges on deposit accounts of $0.2 million, and debit card income of $0.1 million, partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million in wealth management income attributable to the decline in market values of assets under management.

Operating expenses increased by $2.5 million when comparing the third quarter of 2023 to the third quarter of 2022.  This increase was primarily driven by a $0.8 million increase in salaries and employee benefits due to an increase in health insurance costs related to unusually high claims, as well as increased salary expense for new hires, merit increases effective April 1, 2023, and reduced loan costs.  Legal and professional expenses increased by $0.7 million attributable to the one-time $0.8 million cash receipt related to reimbursement of litigation expenses that was credited to expense in 2022.  Miscellaneous expenses increased by $0.6 million due primarily to increases of $0.3 in check fraud related expenses and net periodic pension plan costs of $0.3 million.  Data processing expenses, FDIC premiums, and marketing expenses each increased by $0.1 million year over year.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, non-interest expenses increased by $6.4 million when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.   Salaries and employee benefits increased by $3.2 million year-over-year due primarily to increased salary expense of $1.9 million related to new hires and merit increases effective April 1, 2023 and increased health insurance costs of $1.0 million associated with unusually high claims. Occupancy and equipment expense increased by $0.2 million, data processing expense increased by $0.4 million, and FDIC assessments increased by $0.2 million.  Other miscellaneous expenses, such as loan service fees, dues and licenses, check fraud expenses, employee benefit plan expense, and miscellaneous expenses increased by $1.7 million.

 

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is our largest source of operating revenue. Net interest income is the difference between the interest that we earn on our interest-earning assets and the interest expense we incur on our interest-bearing liabilities. For analytical and discussion purposes, net interest income is adjusted to a fully tax equivalent (“FTE”) basis to facilitate performance comparisons between taxable and tax-exempt assets by increasing tax-exempt income by an amount equal to the federal income taxes that would have been paid if this income were taxable at the statutorily applicable rate. This is a non-GAAP disclosure and management believes it is not materially different than the corresponding GAAP disclosure.

55

Table of Contents

The tables below summarize net interest income for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Non-GAAP

GAAP

Nine Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(dollars in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2023

    

2022

    

Interest income

$

59,531

$

45,771

$

58,965

$

45,063

Interest expense

16,289

2,610

16,289

2,610

Net interest income

$

43,242

$

43,161

$

42,676

$

42,453

Net interest margin %

3.30

%

3.53

%

3.26

%

3.47

%

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(dollars in thousands)

2023

2022

2023

2022

Interest income

$

21,276

$

16,416

$

21,164

$

16,185

Interest expense

7,180

1,044

7,180

1,044

Net interest income

$

14,096

$

15,372

$

13,984

$

15,141

Net interest margin %

3.12

%

3.66

%

3.09

%

3.61

%

56

Table of Contents

The following tables set forth the average balances, net interest income and expense, and average yields and rates of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2023

2022

Average

Average

Average

Average

(dollars in thousands)

    

Balance

    

Interest

    

Yield/Rate

    

Balance

    

Interest

    

Yield/Rate

 

Assets

Loans

$

1,320,674

$

50,323

5.09

%

$

1,203,650

$

39,399

4.38

%

Investment Securities:

Taxable

337,014

5,339

2.12

%

352,446

4,533

1.72

%

Non taxable

21,963

1,183

7.20

%

27,118

1,494

7.37

%

Total

358,977

6,522

2.43

%

379,564

6,027

2.12

%

Federal funds sold

66,708

2,502

5.01

%

47,173

308

0.87

%

Interest-bearing deposits with other banks

2,827

70

3.31

%

3,564

12

0.45

%

Other interest earning assets

3,643

114

4.18

%

1,027

25

3.25

%

Total earning assets

1,752,829

59,531

4.54

%

1,634,978

45,771

3.74

%

Allowance for loan losses

(16,311)

(15,611)

Non-earning assets

174,411

166,594

Total Assets

$

1,910,929

$

1,785,961

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Interest-bearing demand deposits

$

358,883

$

3,375

1.26

%

$

296,069

$

369

0.17

%

Interest-bearing money markets

324,583

5,537

2.28

%

294,481

347

0.16

%

Savings deposits

227,179

189

0.11

%

249,596

70

0.04

%

Time deposits - Retail

134,732

1,750

1.74

%

143,734

711

0.66

%

Time deposits - Brokered

46,918

1,849

5.27

%

%

Short-term borrowings

51,780

93

0.24

%

62,175

86

0.18

%

Long-term borrowings

89,394

3,496

5.23

%

30,929

1,027

4.44

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

1,233,469

16,289

1.77

%

1,076,984

2,610

0.32

%

Non-interest-bearing deposits

490,891

540,082

Other liabilities

31,108

32,057

Shareholders’ Equity

155,461

136,838

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

$

1,910,929

$

1,785,961

Net interest income and spread

$

43,242

2.77

%

$

43,161

3.42

%

Net interest margin

3.30

%

3.53

%

(1)The above table reflects the average rates earned or paid stated on an FTE basis assuming a 21% tax rate for 2023 and 2022. Non-GAAP interest income on a fully taxable equivalent was $566 and $708, respectively.
(2)Net interest margin is calculated as net interest income divided by average earning assets.
(3)The average yields on investments are based on amortized cost.

57

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended

September 30,

2023

2022

(dollars in thousands)

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Rate

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Rate

Assets

Loans

$

1,363,821

$

18,071

5.26

%

$

1,240,706

$

14,073

4.50

%

Investment Securities:

Taxable

333,468

1,792

2.13

%

343,581

1,587

1.83

%

Non taxable

13,826

219

6.28

%

26,471

489

7.33

%

Total

347,294

2,011

2.30

%

370,052

2,076

2.23

%

Federal funds sold

75,404

1,093

5.75

%

52,019

251

1.91

%

Interest-bearing deposits with other banks

1,812

25

5.47

%

1,552

7

1.79

%

Other interest earning assets

4,771

76

6.32

%

1,026

9

3.48

%

Total earning assets

1,793,102

21,276

4.71

%

1,665,355

16,416

3.91

%

Allowance for loan losses

(17,110)

(15,715)

Non-earning assets

178,115

170,092

Total Assets

$

1,954,107

$

1,819,732

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Interest-bearing demand deposits

$

368,409

$

1,354

1.46

%

$

305,608

$

187

0.24

%

Interest-bearing money markets

325,810

2,430

2.96

%

305,185

210

0.27

%

Savings deposits

209,070

54

0.10

%

253,576

34

0.05

%

Time deposits - retail

154,503

918

2.36

%

134,600

190

0.56

%

Time deposits - brokered

68,850

916

5.28

%

%

Short-term borrowings

49,190

33

0.27

%

66,172

47

0.28

%

Long-term borrowings

110,929

1,475

5.28

%

30,929

376

4.82

%

Total interest-bearing liabilities

1,286,761

7,180

2.21

%

1,096,070

1,044

0.38

%

Non-interest-bearing deposits

478,673

550,978

Other liabilities

32,327

37,499

Shareholders’ Equity

156,346

135,186

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

$

1,954,107

$

1,819,733

Net interest income and spread

$

14,096

2.50

%

$

15,372

3.53

%

Net interest margin

3.12

%

3.66

%

(1)The above table reflects the average rates earned or paid stated on an FTE basis assuming a 21% tax rate for 2023 and 2022. Non-GAAP interest income on a fully taxable equivalent was $111 and $232, respectively.
(2)Net interest margin is calculated as net interest income divided by average earning assets.
(3)The average yields on investments are based on amortized cost.

Net interest income, on a non-GAAP, FTE basis, decreased by $1.3 million for the third quarter of 2023 when compared to the third quarter of 2022.  This decrease was driven by an increase of $6.1 million in interest expense due to an increase of 175 basis points on interest paid on deposit accounts as well as an increase of $127.7 million in average balances of interest-bearing deposit accounts when compared to the same period of 2022.  Increased deposit pricing resulted from the continued pressure on deposits as well as a shift in the deposit portfolio mix from non-interest-bearing deposits to interest-bearing accounts including the Insured Cash Sweep (“ICS”) product to ensure full FDIC insurance coverage.   In August 2023, the Corporation obtained $30.0 million of brokered deposits to pre-fund the maturity of a $30.4 million brokered certificate of deposit that matured in September 2023.   Interest income increased by $4.9 million.   Interest income on loans increased by $4.0 million due to the increase of 76 basis points in overall yield on the loan portfolio as new loans were booked at higher rates as well as adjustable-rate loans repricing in correlation to the rising rate environment and an increase in average balances of $123.1 million.   Investment income decreased by $0.1 million as cashflow from the portfolio was used to fund higher yielding loans.   The net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was 3.12%, compared to 3.66% for the three months ended September 30, 2022.  

58

Table of Contents

Comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, net interest income, on a non-GAAP, FTE basis, increased by $0.1 million.  Interest income increased by $13.8 million and interest expense increased by $13.7 million.  The yield on earning assets increased 80 basis points to 4.54% during the first nine months of 2023 compared to 3.74% during the same period of 2022 in correlation with the rising interest rate environment and new loans booked at higher rates.  Interest expense on deposits increased $11.2 million while the average balances increased $108.4 million and interest on long-term borrowings increased $2.5 million related to $80.0 million in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) borrowings obtained during the first quarter of 2023 and an increase in interest rates on variable rate trust preferred borrowings.  The increased interest expense resulted in an overall increase of 145 basis points on interest bearing liabilities.  The net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 3.30% compared to 3.53% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.  

The following table sets forth an analysis of volume and rate changes in interest income and interest expense for our average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

For the Nine months ended September 30, 2023

compared to the Nine months ended September 30, 2022

(in thousands and tax equivalent basis)

    

Volume

    

Rate

    

Net

Interest Income:

Loans

$

3,841

$

7,083

$

10,924

Taxable Investments

(199)

1,005

806

Non-taxable Investments

(283)

(28)

(311)

Federal funds sold

128

2,066

2,194

Interest-bearing deposits

(2)

60

58

Other interest earning assets

64

25

89

Total interest income

3,549

10,211

13,760

Interest Expense:

Interest-bearing demand deposits

79

2,927

3,006

Interest-bearing money markets

36

5,154

5,190

Savings deposits

(6)

125

119

Time deposits - Retail

(45)

1,084

1,039

Time deposits - Brokered

0

1,849

1,849

Short-term borrowings

(14)

21

7

Long-term borrowings

1,946

523

2,469

Total interest expense

1,996

11,683

13,679

Net interest income

$

1,553

$

(1,472)

$

81

(1)The change in interest income/expense due to both volume and rate has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.

59

Table of Contents

For the Three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the Three months ended September 30, 2022

(in thousands and tax equivalent basis)

Volume

Rate

Net

Interest Income:

Loans

$

1,385

$

2,613

$

3,998

Taxable Investments

(46)

251

205

Non-taxable Investments

(232)

(39)

(270)

Federal funds sold

112

730

842

Interest-bearing deposits

1

18

18

Other interest earning assets

33

34

67

Total interest income

1,253

3,607

4,860

Interest Expense:

Interest-bearing demand deposits

38

1,129

1,167

Interest-bearing money markets

14

2,206

2,220

Savings deposits

(6)

27

20

Time deposits - Retail

28

700

728

Time deposits - Brokered

0

916

916

Short-term borrowings

(12)

(2)

(14)

Long-term borrowings

966

132

1,099

Total interest expense

1,028

5,108

6,136

Net interest income

$

225

$

(1,501)

$

(1,276)

(1)The change in interest income/expense due to both volume and rate has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.

Provision for Credit Losses

Specific allocations have been made for loans where management has determined that the collateral supporting the loans is not adequate to cover the loan balance, and the qualitative factors affecting the esimated allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) and allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) have been adjusted based on the current economic environment and the characteristics of the loan portfolio. Net provision expense was $1.2 million and $0.3 million for the nine-month and three-month periods ending September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to net provision expense/(credit) of $0.1 million and ($0.1) million for the nine-month and three-month periods ending September 30, 2022.  The increases in provision expense year-over-year were primarily driven by strong growth in our loan portfolio during 2023 as well as increases in qualitative risk factors related to increased economic uncertainty during 2023.

Other Income

The composition of other operating income for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is illustrated in the following table:

Income as % of

Income as % of

Total Other Income

Total Other Income

Nine Months Ended

Three Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2023

    

2022

Service charges on deposit accounts

$

1,631

    

12%

$

1,451

    

11%

$

569

    

12%

$

523

    

11%

Other service charges

706

5%

686

5%

230

5%

241

5%

Trust department

6,134

45%

6,238

46%

2,139

45%

2,005

44%

Debit card income

2,981

22%

2,922

22%

995

21%

1,053

23%

Bank owned life insurance

936

7%

891

7%

320

7%

302

7%

Brokerage commissions

800

6%

805

6%

245

5%

272

6%

Other income

350

3%

406

3%

218

5%

208

4%

$

13,538

100%

$

13,399

100%

$

4,716

100%

$

4,604

100%

60

Table of Contents

Other Operating Expenses

The composition of other operating expenses for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is illustrated in the following table:

Expense as % of

Expense as % of

Total Other Operating Expenses

Total Other Operating Expenses

Nine Months Ended

Three Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2023

    

2022

Salaries and employee benefits

$

21,112

    

56%

$

17,891

    

57%

$

6,957

    

54%

$

6,130

    

59%

FDIC premiums

724

2%

479

2%

254

2%

150

2%

Equipment

3,168

8%

3,110

10%

1,029

8%

1,037

10%

Occupancy expense of premises

2,274

6%

2,172

7%

747

6%

734

7%

Data processing expense

2,926

8%

2,516

8%

1,011

8%

890

9%

Marketing expense

474

1%

409

1%

220

2%

152

1%

Professional services

1,530

4%

873

3%

490

4%

(211)

(2)%

Contract labor

471

1%

482

2%

173

1%

159

2%

Telephone

341

1%

365

1%

115

1%

112

1%

Other real estate owned

281

1%

375

1%

139

1%

128

1%

Investor relations

272

1%

258

1%

83

1%

39

0%

Contributions

217

1%

184

1%

74

1%

121

1%

Other

4,144

11%

2,425

8%

1,493

12%

888

10%

$

37,934

100%

$

31,539

100%

$

12,785

100%

$

10,329

100%

Provision for Income Taxes

In reporting interim financial information, income tax provisions should be determined under the procedures set forth in Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, Income Taxes (Section 740-270-30). This guidance provides that at the end of each interim period, an entity should make its best estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. The rate so determined should be used in providing for income taxes on a current year-to-date basis. The effective tax rate should reflect anticipated investment tax credits, capital gains rates, and other available tax planning alternatives. In arriving at this effective tax rate, however, no effect should be included for the tax related to significant, unusual or extraordinary items that will be separately reported or reported net of their related tax effect in reports for the interim period or for the fiscal year.

The effective income tax rates as a percentage of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 were 23.6% and 25.8%, respectively.  The decrease in the tax rate for the 2023 period was primarily related to a new low-income housing tax credit investment in 2022 that began generating tax credits during the fourth quarter of 2022.  This tax credit will continue through 2032.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Balance Sheet Overview

Total assets at September 30, 2023 were $1.9 billion, representing an $80.0 million increase since December 31, 2022.   During the first nine months of 2023, cash and interest-bearing deposits in other banks increased by $6.3 million as a result of management’s strategic decision to obtain $61.1 million in brokered certificates of deposit and $80.0 million in FHLB borrowings during the first quarter of 2023 to strength on-balance sheet liquidity.  The increase in cash obtained from this strategic decision was partially offset by the funding of strong loan growth in 2023.  The investment portfolio decreased by $31.5 million since December 31, 2022.   Management elected to allow a $17.8 million non-rated municipal tax increment funding bond to be called at par to increase on-balance sheet liquidity to fund future loan growth.   Additional decreases in the investment portfolio were primarily associated with normal principal amortization.   Loans increased by $100.5 million since December 31, 2022 due primarily to growth in the commercial and consumer mortgage portfolios.   Other assets, including deferred taxes, premises and equipment, and accrued

61

Table of Contents

interest receivable, increased by $2.1 million as deferred tax assets increased by $2.4 million, equity investments increased by $1.1 million, and pension assets decreased by $0.5 million.

Total liabilities at September 30, 2023 were $1.8 billion, representing a $76.9 million increase since December 31, 2022.   Total deposits increased by $4.3 million since December 31, 2022.  Total certificates of deposit increased by $100.5 million primarily due to an increase of $60.6 million in brokered certificates of deposits and $39.9 in retail certificates of deposit.  Interest-bearing demand deposits also increased by $54.1 million due to a shift in the deposit portfolio mix from non-interest-bearing deposits to interest-bearing accounts including the ICS product to ensure full FDIC insurance coverage as well as a new municipal customer bringing approximately $40.0 million new deposits during the year.   These increases were offset by decreases in non-interest-bearing deposits of $76.9 million and savings and money market accounts of $73.4 million.  Short term borrowings decreased by $11.2 million since December 31, 2022 primarily due to one municipal customer moving funds from an overnight investment product to a non-interest bearing deposit product in 2023.  Long term borrowings increased by $80.0 million in the first nine months of 2023 when compared to December 31, 2022 due to the acquisition of $80.0 million in FHLB borrowings.  

Loan Portfolio

The following table presents the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30, 2023

    

December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate

$

491,284

    

36%

$

458,831

    

35.86%

Acquisition and development

79,796

6%

70,596

5.52%

Commercial and industrial *

254,650

18%

245,396

19.18%

Residential mortgage

491,686

36%

444,411

34.73%

Consumer

62,603

4%

60,260

4.71%

Total Loans

$

1,380,019

100%

$

1,279,494

100%

Outstanding loans of $1.4 billion at September 30, 2023 reflected growth of $100.5 million for the first nine months of 2023.  Since December 31, 2022, commercial real estate loans increased by $32.5 million, acquisition and development loans increased by $9.2 million and commercial and industrial loans increased by $9.3 million.  Growth in the commercial portfolios was driven by increased activity with existing clients as well as cultivating new business relationships.  Residential mortgage loans increased $47.3 million related to management’s strategic decision to book new mortgage loans at higher rates to our in-house portfolio. The consumer loan portfolio increased slightly by $2.3 million.  

New commercial loan production for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $40.3 million.  The pipeline of commercial loans as of September 30, 2023 was $41.7 million.  At September 30, 2023, unfunded, committed commercial construction loans totaled approximately $40.6 million. Commercial amortization and payoffs were approximately $144.6 million through September 30, 2023 due primarily to pay-offs of short-term commercial loans as well as normal amortizations of the commercial loan portfolio.

New consumer mortgage loan production for the third quarter of 2023 was approximately $27.5 million, with most of this production comprised of in-house loans.  The pipeline of in-house, portfolio loans as of September 30, 2023, was $13.5 million.  The residential mortgage production level normalized in the third quarter of 2023 due to the increasing interest rates.  Unfunded commitments related to residential construction loans totaled $20.5 million on September 30, 2023.  Management began shifting more activity towards the secondary market in the second and third quarters to reduce the need for additional funding.

Non-accrual loans totaled $3.5 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.  Other real estate owned (“OREO”) balances increased by $0.1 million since December 31, 2022 due to the addition of a new OREO property during the second quarter, which was partially offset by a sale of an OREO property held by the Bank at December 31, 2022.

62

Table of Contents

Risk Elements of Loan Portfolio

The following table presents the risk elements of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated. Management is not aware of any potential problem loans other than those listed in this table or discussed below.

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30,
2023

    

% of
Applicable
Portfolio

    

December 31,
2022

    

% of
Applicable
Portfolio

Non-accrual loans:

Commercial real estate

$

0.00%

$

145

0.03%

Acquisition and development

120

0.15%

146

0.21%

Residential mortgage

3,285

0.67%

3,204

0.72%

Consumer

74

0.12%

0.00%

Total non-accrual loans

$

3,479

0.25%

$

3,495

0.27%

Accruing Loans Past Due 90 days or more:

Residential mortgage

$

86

$

282

Consumer

59

25

Total loans past due 90 days or more

$

145

$

307

Total non-accrual and accruing loans past due 90 days or more

$

3,624

$

3,802

Other real estate owned

$

4,878

$

4,733

Total Non-performing assets

$

8,502

$

8,535

Non-accrual loans to total loans (as %)

0.25%

0.27%

Non-performing loans to total loans (as %)

0.26%

0.30%

Non-performing assets to total assets (as %)

0.44%

0.46%

Allowance for credit/loan losses to non-accrual loans (as %)

492.84%

418.77%

Allowance for credit/loan losses to non-performing assets (as %)

201.67%

171.48%

63

Table of Contents

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL represents an amount which, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb expected credit losses over the life of outstanding loans as of the balance sheet date based on the evaluation of current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, past events, current conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and prepayment experience.  The ACL is measured and recorded upon the initial recognition of a financial asset.  The ACL is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries of previous losses, and is increased by a provision or decreased by a recovery for credit losses, which is recorded as a current period operating expense.

Determination of an appropriate ACL is inherently complex and requires the use of highly subjective estimates.  The reasonableness of the ACL is reviewed quarterly by management.  

Management believes it uses relevant information available to make determination about the ACL and that it has established the existing allowance in accordance with GAAP.  However, the determination of the ACL requires significant judgment, and estimates of expected credit losses in the loan portfolio can vary from the amounts actually observed.  While management uses available information to recognize expected credit losses, future additions to the ACL may be necessary based on changes in the loans comprising the portfolio, changes in the current and forecasted economic conditions, changes to the interest rate environment which may directly impact prepayment and curtailment rate assumptions, and changes in the financial condition of borrowers.

The ACL “base case” model is derived from various economic forecasts provided by widely recognized sources.  Management evaluates the variability of market conditions by examining the peak and trough of economic cycles.  These peaks and troughs are used to stress the base case model to develop a range of potential outcomes.  Management then determines the appropriate reserve through an evaluation of these various outcomes relative to current economic conditions and known risks in the portfolio.   Management enhances its calculation with the use of Moody’s economic forecast data to provide additional support to substantiate its ACL.

The following table presents a summary of the activity in the ACL and ALL for the nine-month periods ended September 30:

(dollars in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

 

Balance, January 1

$

14,636

$

15,955

Impact of CECL Adoption

2,066

Charge-offs:

Commercial real estate

(87)

Acquisition and development

(20)

Commercial and industrial

(301)

(134)

Residential mortgage

(55)

(34)

Consumer

(681)

(726)

Total charge-offs

(1,124)

(914)

Recoveries:

Commercial real estate

5

1

Acquisition and development

8

21

Commercial and industrial

176

92

Residential mortgage

56

172

Consumer

153

117

Total recoveries

398

403

Net losses

(726)

(511)

Credit/loan loss expense

1,170

97

Balance at end of period

$

17,146

$

15,541

Allowance for credit/loan losses to gross loans outstanding (as %)

1.24

%  

1.22

%

64

Table of Contents

Net (Charge-offs)/Recoveries as a % of Average Applicable Portfolio

2023

2022

Commercial real estate

(0.02)%

0.00%

Acquisition and development

0.01%

0.00%

Commercial and industrial

(0.07)%

(0.02)%

Residential mortgage

0.00%

0.04%

Consumer

(1.15)%

(1.28)%

Investment Securities

At September 30, 2023, the total amortized cost basis of the available-for-sale investment portfolio was $144.5 million, compared to a fair value of $114.4 million. Unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of shareholders’ equity. The amortized cost basis of the held to maturity portfolio was $215.7 million, compared to a fair value of $176.8 million.

The following table presents the composition of our securities portfolio at amortized cost and fair values at the dates indicated:

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amortized

Fair Value

FV as % 

Amortized

Fair Value

FV as % 

(dollars in thousands)

    

Cost

    

(FV)

    

of Total

    

Cost

    

(FV)

    

of Total

Securities Available for Sale:

U.S. government agencies

$

11,020

$

9,360

9%

$

11,044

$

9,462

8%

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

42,073

33,369

29%

45,052

37,401

30%

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

36,722

27,055

24%

37,393

30,732

23%

Collateralized mortgage obligations

24,223

18,987

17%

25,828

21,044

17%

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

10,832

10,066

9%

10,848

10,492

8%

Corporate bonds

1,000

749

1%

1,000

887

1%

Collateralized debt obligations

18,670

14,784

13%

18,664

15,871

13%

Total available for sale

$

144,540

$

114,370

100%

$

149,829

$

125,889

100%

Securities Held to Maturity:

U.S. treasuries

$

37,397

$

36,727

21%

$

37,204

$

35,611

18%

U.S. government agencies

67,944

53,533

30%

67,734

54,473

27%

Residential mortgage-backed agencies

30,336

25,841

15%

28,624

25,122

12%

Commercial mortgage-backed agencies

21,454

14,960

8%

22,389

17,821

9%

Collateralized mortgage obligations

53,994

41,880

24%

57,085

47,084

23%

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

4,603

3,885

2%

22,623

22,969

11%

Total held to maturity

$

215,728

$

176,826

100%

$

235,659

$

203,080

100%

Total fair value of investment securities available for sale decreased by $11.5 million since December 31, 2022 due to principal paydowns of the portfolio and declines in the fair value of investment securities of $5.8 million in the first nine months of 2023.  At September 30, 2023, the securities classified as available-for-sale included a net unrealized loss of $30.2 million, which represents the difference between the fair value and amortized cost of securities in the portfolio.

As discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this report, the Corporation measures fair market values based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). Level 3 prices or valuation techniques require inputs that are both significant to the valuation assumptions and are not readily observable in the market (i.e. supported with little or no market activity). These Level 3 instruments are valued based on both observable and unobservable inputs derived from the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.

65

Table of Contents

Approximately $99.6 million of the available for sale portfolio was valued using Level 2 pricing and had net unrealized losses of $26.3 million at September 30, 2023. The remaining $14.8 million of the securities available for sale represents the entire collateralized debt obligation portfolio, which was valued using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 assets). The $3.9 million in net unrealized losses associated with this portfolio relates to nine pooled trust preferred securities that comprise the collateralized debt obligation portfolio. Net unrealized losses of $2.4 million represent non-credit related impairment charges on seven of the securities, while $1.5 million of unrealized losses relates to two securities which have had no impairment-related charges.

Deposits

The following table presents the composition of our deposits at the dates indicated:

(dollars in thousands)

    

September 30, 2023

    

December 31, 2022

Balance

Percent

Balance

Percent

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

$

429,691

27%

$

506,613

32%

Interest-bearing deposits:

Demand

381,782

24%

327,685

21%

Money Market

338,153

22%

365,192

23%

Savings deposits

204,389

13%

250,720

16%

Time deposits- retail

160,380

10%

120,523

8%

Time deposits- brokered

60,674

4%

0%

Total Deposits

$

1,575,069

100%

$

1,570,733

100%

Total deposits at September 30, 2023 increased by $4.3 million when compared to December 31, 2022.  In March 2023, the Corporation obtained $61.1 million in new brokered deposits.  In August 2023, the Corporation obtained $30.0 million of brokered deposits to pre-fund the maturity of a $30.4 million brokered certificate of deposit that matured in September 2023.   In addition, retail certificates of deposits increased by $39.9 million due primarily to promotional nine-month certificate of deposit product offered in 2023.  Interest-bearing demand deposits increased by $54.1 million due to a shift in the deposit portfolio mix from non-interest-bearing accounts to interest-bearing accounts including the ICS product to ensure full FDIC insurance coverage as well as a new municipal customer bringing approximately $40.0 million in new deposits during the year.   These increases were offset by decreases in non-interesting bearing deposits of $76.9 million, money market accounts of $27.0 million, and savings accounts of $46.3 million due to the shift to interest- bearing demand deposit accounts, two relationships having large deposit withdrawals totaling $39.5 million during 2023 to fund business activity, the effects of consumer and commercial spending and the competitive market for deposits.  

The following table summarizes the percentage of deposits that are insured by deposit insurance or otherwise fully collateralized by securities compared to uninsured deposits as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

(dollars in thousands)

Balance

Percent

Balance

Percent

Insured deposits

$

1,185,432

75%

$

1,076,113

69%

Uninsured but collateralized deposits

204,746

13%

153,067

10%

Uninsured and uncollateralized deposits

184,891

12%

341,553

21%

$

1,575,069

100%

$

1,570,733

100%

The following table summarizes the percentage of deposit balances from retail customers compared to business customers as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

September 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

(dollars in thousands)

Balance

Percent

Balance

Percent

Retail deposits

$

801,382

51%

$

855,014

54%

Business deposits

773,687

49%

715,719

46%

$

1,575,069

100%

$

1,570,733

100%

66

Table of Contents

Deposit outflows experienced in late 2022 and January 2023 were due to the competitive pricing landscape and inflationary spending.  Changes in deposit levels were not directly related to the market disruptions during the first nine months of 2023.

Borrowed Funds

The following table presents the composition of our borrowings at the dates indicated:

(in thousands)

    

September 30,
2023

    

December 31,
2022

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

$

53,330

$

64,565

Total short-term borrowings

53,330

64,565

FHLB advances

$

80,000

$

Junior subordinated debt

30,929

30,929

Total long-term borrowings

$

110,929

$

30,929

Short term borrowings decreased $11.2 million since December 31, 2022 primarily due to a municipal customer moving funds from an overnight investment product to a non-interest bearing deposit product in 2023.

During the first quarter of 2023, management implemented the Contingency Funding plan and borrowed $80.0 million from FHLB in two advances with 12- and 18- month maturities.  

Liquidity Management

Liquidity is a financial institution’s capability to meet customer demands for deposit withdrawals while funding all credit-worthy loans. The factors that determine the institution’s liquidity are:

Reliability and stability of core deposits;
Cash flow structure and pledging status of investments; and
Potential for unexpected loan demand.

We actively manage our liquidity position through regular meetings of a sub-committee of executive management, known as the Treasury Team, which looks forward 12 months at 30-day intervals. The measurement is based upon the projection of funds sold or purchased position, along with ratios and trends developed to measure dependence on purchased funds and core growth. Monthly reviews by management and quarterly reviews by the Asset and Liability Committee under prescribed policies and procedures are designed to ensure that we will maintain adequate levels of available funds.

It is our policy to manage our affairs so that liquidity needs are fully satisfied through normal Bank operations. That is, the Bank will manage its liquidity to minimize the need to make unplanned sales of assets or to borrow funds under emergency conditions. The Bank will use funding sources where the interest cost is relatively insensitive to market changes in the short run (periods of one year or less) to satisfy operating cash needs. The remaining normal funding will come from interest-sensitive liabilities, either deposits or borrowed funds. When the marginal cost of needed wholesale funding is lower than the cost of raising this funding in the retail markets, the Corporation may supplement retail funding with external funding sources such as:

1.Unsecured Fed Funds lines of credit with upstream correspondent banks (M&T Bank, Pacific Coast Banker’s Bank, PNC Financial Services, Atlantic Community Bankers Bank and Community Bankers Bank).
2.Secured advances with the FHLB, which are collateralized by eligible one to four family residential mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit, commercial real estate loans.
3.Secured line of credit with the Fed Discount Window for use in borrowing funds up to 90 days, using municipal securities as collateral.
4.Brokered deposits, including CDs and money market funds, provide a method to generate deposits quickly. These deposits are strictly rate driven but often provide the most cost-effective means of funding growth.

67

Table of Contents

5.One Way Buy CDARS/ICS funding – a form of brokered deposits that has become a viable supplement to brokered deposits obtained directly.
6.Bank Term Funding Program – A Federal Reserve program collateralized by government agency securities, if needed.

The following table presents sources of liquidity available to the Corporation as of September 30, 2023.

(dollars in thousands)

Total Availability

Amount Used

Net Availability

Internal Sources

Excess cash

$

59,301

$

-

$

59,301

Unpledged securities

59,933

-

59,933

External Sources

Federal Reserve (discount window)

11,773

-

11,773

Correspondent unsecured lines of credit

105,000

-

105,000

FHLB

230,277

82,500

147,777

Bank Term Funding Program*

86,226

-

86,226

$

552,510

$

82,500

$

470,010

*Bank Term Funding Program has been established and eligible securities with a total par balance of $86.2 million have been pledged to the program as of September 30, 2023

Management is not aware of any demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that are likely to materially affect our ability to meet our future capital requirements.

Due to the market disruption and uncertainties, management implemented the Liquidity Contingency Plan in the first quarter and believes that we have adequate liquidity available to respond to current and anticipated liquidity demands and is not aware of any trends or demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that are likely to materially affect our ability to maintain liquidity at satisfactory levels.

Market Risk and Interest Sensitivity

Our primary market risk is interest rate fluctuation. Interest rate risk results primarily from the traditional banking activities that we engage in, such as gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates and consumer preferences affect the difference between the interest earned on our assets and the interest paid on our liabilities. Interest rate sensitivity refers to the degree that earnings will be impacted by changes in the prevailing level of interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from mismatches in the repricing or maturity characteristics between interest-bearing assets and liabilities. Management seeks to minimize fluctuating net interest margins, and to enhance consistent growth of net interest income through periods of changing interest rates. Management uses interest sensitivity gap analysis and simulation models to measure and manage these risks. The interest rate sensitivity gap analysis assigns each interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability to a time frame reflecting its next repricing or maturity date. The differences between total interest-sensitive assets and liabilities at each time interval represent the interest sensitivity gap for that interval. A positive gap generally indicates that rising interest rates during a given interval will increase net interest income, as more assets than liabilities will reprice. A negative gap position would benefit us during a period of declining interest rates.

At September 30, 2023, we were asset sensitive.

Our interest rate risk management goals are:

Ensure that the Board of Directors and senior management will provide effective oversight and ensure that risks are adequately identified, measured, monitored and controlled;
Enable dynamic measurement and management of interest rate risk;
Select strategies that optimize our ability to meet our long-range financial goals while maintaining interest rate risk within policy limits established by the Board of Directors;

68

Table of Contents

Use both income and market value oriented techniques to select strategies that optimize the relationship between risk and return; and
Establish interest rate risk exposure limits for fluctuation in net interest income (“NII”), net income and economic value of equity.

To manage interest sensitivity risk, management formulates guidelines regarding asset generation and pricing, funding sources and pricing, and off-balance sheet commitments. These guidelines are based on management’s outlook regarding future interest rate movements, the state of the regional and national economy, and other financial and business risk factors. Management uses computer simulations to measure the effect on net interest income of various interest rate scenarios. Key assumptions used in the computer simulations include cash flows and maturities of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities, changes in asset volumes and pricing, and management’s capital plans. This modeling reflects interest rate changes and the related impact on net interest income over specified periods.

We evaluate the effect of a change in interest rates of +/-100 basis points to +/-400 basis points on both NII and Net Portfolio Value (“NPV”) / Economic Value of Equity (“EVE”). We concentrate on NII rather than net income as long as NII remains the significant contributor to net income.

NII modeling allows management to view how changes in interest rates will affect the spread between the yield paid on assets and the cost of deposits and borrowed funds. Unlike traditional Gap modeling, NII modeling takes into account the different degree to which installments in the same repricing period will adjust to a change in interest rates. It also allows the use of different assumptions in a falling versus a rising rate environment. The period considered by the NII modeling is the next eight quarters.

NPV / EVE modeling focuses on the change in the market value of equity. NPV / EVE is defined as the market value of assets less the market value of liabilities plus/minus the market value of any off-balance sheet positions. By effectively looking at the present value of all future cash flows on or off the balance sheet, NPV / EVE modeling takes a longer-term view of interest rate risk. This complements the shorter-term view of the NII modeling.

Measures of NII at risk produced by simulation analysis are indicators of an institution’s short-term performance in alternative rate environments. These measures are typically based upon a relatively brief period, usually one year. They do not necessarily indicate the long-term prospects or economic value of the institution.

69

Table of Contents

Based on the simulation analysis performed at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, management estimated the following changes in net interest income, assuming the indicated rate changes:

(Dollars in thousands)

    

September 30,
2023

December 31,
2022

+400 basis points

$

5,058

$

1,112

+300 basis points

$

3,768

$

225

+200 basis points

$

2,502

$

173

+100 basis points

$

1,263

$

121

-100 basis points

$

(1,303)

$

(776)

-200 basis points

$

(3,288)

$

(3,165)

-300 basis points

$

(5,859)

$

(7,382)

-400 basis points

$

(9,425)

$

N/A

This estimate is based on assumptions that may be affected by unforeseeable changes in the general interest rate environment and any number of unforeseeable factors. Rates on different assets and liabilities within a single maturity category adjust to changes in interest rates to varying degrees and over varying periods of time. The relationships between lending rates and rates paid on purchased funds are not constant over time. Management can respond to current or anticipated market conditions by lengthening or shortening the Bank’s sensitivity through loan repricings or changing its funding mix. The rate of growth in interest-free sources of funds will influence the level of interest-sensitive funding sources. In addition, the absolute level of interest rates will affect the volume of earning assets and funding sources. As a result of these limitations, the interest-sensitive gap is only one factor to be considered in estimating the net interest margin.

Management believes that no material changes in our market risks, our procedures used to evaluate and mitigate those risks, or our actual or simulated sensitivity positions have occurred since December 31, 2022. Our NII simulation analysis as of December 31, 2022 is included in Item 7 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 under the heading “Market Risk and Interest Sensitivity.

Impact of Inflation – Our assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature, and as such, future changes in prices do not affect the obligations to pay or receive fixed and determinable amounts of money. During inflationary periods, monetary assets lose value in terms of purchasing power and monetary liabilities have corresponding purchasing power gains. The concept of purchasing power is not an adequate indicator of the impact of inflation on financial institutions because it does not incorporate changes in our earnings.

Capital Resources

We require capital to fund loans, satisfy our obligations under the Bank’s letters of credit, meet the deposit withdrawal demands of the Bank’s customers, and satisfy our other monetary obligations. To the extent that deposits are not adequate to fund our capital requirements, we can rely on the funding sources identified above under the heading “Liquidity Management”.

In addition to operational requirements, the Bank is subject to risk-based capital regulations, which were adopted and are monitored by federal banking regulators. These regulations are used to evaluate capital adequacy and require an analysis of an institution’s asset risk profile and off-balance sheet exposures, such as unused loan commitments and stand-by letters of credit.  Based on capital ratios at September 30, 2023, the Bank was considered to be well-capitalized.  

70

Table of Contents

The following table presents the Bank’s capital ratios as of the dates indicated:

    

September 30,
2023

    

December 31,
2022

    

Required for
Capital
Adequacy
Purposes

    

Required
to be Well
Capitalized

 

Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

14.12

%  

14.37

%  

8.00

%  

10.00

%

Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

12.88

%  

13.29

%  

6.00

%  

8.00

%

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

12.88

%  

13.29

%  

4.50

%  

6.50

%

Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)

9.81

%  

10.01

%  

4.00

%  

5.00

%

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank was considered “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  We adopted CECL effective January 1, 2023 and elected not to implement the regulatory agencies’ capital transition and instead opted to record the impact to our capital ratios immediately upon implementation.

Effective with the implementation of CECL, a $2.2 million, net of tax, adjustment was made to retained earnings.  The adjustment did not have a material impact to our capital ratios.

Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Contractual Obligations

The Corporation enters into contractual obligations in the normal course of business. Among these obligations are FHLB advances and junior subordinated debentures, operating lease agreements for banking and subsidiaries’ offices and for data processing and telecommunications equipment.  Comparing September 30, 2023 to December 31, 2022, short-term borrowings decreased $11.2 million, driven by a the utilization of cash balances by municipalities related to the overnight investments product.  Long-term borrowings increased by $80.0 million during the quarter due to management’s decision to obtain $80 million in FHLB advances during the first quarter of 2023.

Commitments

Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of our customers. Letters of credit commit us to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. The credit risks inherent in loan commitments and letters of credit are essentially the same as those involved in extending loans to customers, and these arrangements are subject to our normal credit policies. We are not a party to any other off-balance sheet arrangements.

Commitments to extend credit in the form of consumer, commercial and business at the dates indicated were as follows:

(in thousands)

    

September 30,
2023

    

December 31,
2022

Residential mortgage - home equity

$

72,739

$

70,845

Residential mortgage - construction

19,955

25,499

Commercial

171,636

153,235

Consumer - personal credit lines

4,220

4,323

Standby letters of credit

7,089

14,325

Total

$

275,639

$

268,227

The increase of $7.4 million in commitments at September 30, 2023 when compared to December 31, 2022 was due to new business in construction commitments in the commercial portfolio as well as new home equity lines of credit.

Upon adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, the Corporation recorded an initial increase to the ACL for off-balance sheet exposures of $0.9 million.  Credit loss expense for off-balance sheet credit exposures was a credit of $14 thousand for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

71

Table of Contents

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The information required by this item is included in Item 2 of Part I of this report under the caption “Market Risk and Interest Sensitivity” and in Item 7 of Part II of First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 under the heading “Market Risk and Interest Sensitivity” both of which are incorporated in this Item 3 by reference.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with the SEC, such as this Quarterly Report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the periods specified in those rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including First United Corporation’s principal executive officer (“PEO”) and its principal financial officer (“PFO”), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of these disclosure controls as of September 30, 2023 was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the PEO and the PFO. Based on that evaluation, management, including the PEO and the PFO, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are, in fact, effective at the reasonable assurance level.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

72

Table of Contents

Part II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The risks and uncertainties to which our financial condition and operations are subject are discussed in detail in Item 1A of Part I of First United Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Management does not believe that any material changes in our risk factors have occurred since they were last disclosed.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table summarizes stock repurchases for the three-months ended September 30, 2023:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period

Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased

Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit)

Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs

Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)

July 2023

$

August 2023

825,000

September 2023

19,298

$

16.25

19,298

805,702

Total

19,298

$

16.25

19,298

805,702

(1)All shares were purchased in open-market transactions pursuant to First United Corporation’s stock repurchase plan that was initially adopted effective August 18, 2023 and publicly announced on August 21, 2023.   The plan authorizes the repurchase of up to 825,000 shares of common stock of First United Corporation through open market or private transactions at such times and in such amounts per transactions as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of First United Corporation determines to be appropriate.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

73

Table of Contents

Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits filed or furnished with this quarterly report are listed in the following Exhibit Index.

Exhibit

    

Description

31.1

Certifications of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith)

31.2

Certifications of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith)

32

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (furnished herewith)

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith)

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema (filed herewith)

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase (filed herewith)

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase (filed herewith)

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase (filed herewith)

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase (filed herewith)

104

The cover page of First United Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 formatted in Inline XBRL, included within the Exhibit 101 attachments (filed herewith).

74

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

FIRST UNITED CORPORATION

Date: November 9, 2023

/s/ Carissa L. Rodeheaver

Carissa L. Rodeheaver, CPA

Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 9, 2023

/s/ Tonya K. Sturm

Tonya K. Sturm, Senior Vice President,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

75