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GAIA, INC - Annual Report: 2005 (Form 10-K)

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

ý

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

 

or

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number 0-27517

 

GAIAM, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

COLORADO

 

84-1113527

(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

 

360 INTERLOCKEN BOULEVARD

BROOMFIELD, CO 80021

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(303) 222-3600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:

Class A Common Stock, $.0001 par value

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  YES o  NO ý

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   YES o  NO ý]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  YES ý  NO o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer o

Accelerated filer ý

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.)  YES o  NO ý

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $47,978,906 as of June 30, 2005, based upon the closing price on the NASDAQ National Market on that date.  The registrant does not have non-voting common equity.

 

As of March 6, 2006, 15,020,078 shares of the registrant’s $.0001 par value Class A common stock and 5,400,000 shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock were outstanding.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

The following documents (or portions thereof) are incorporated by reference into the Parts of this Form 10-K noted:

 

Part III incorporates by reference from the definitive proxy statement for the registrant’s 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form.

 

 



 

GAIAM, INC.

 

Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005

 

PART I

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Business

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

 

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

 

Item 2.

Properties

 

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

 

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

 

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

 

Item 9B.

Other Information.

 

 

 

 

PART III

 

 

Item 10.

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

 

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

 

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

 

 

 

PART IV

 

 

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.  When used in this discussion, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strive,” “future,” “intend” and similar expressions as they relate to Gaiam or its management are intended to identify such forward-looking statements.  Gaiam’s actual

 

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results could differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors set forth under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Market Risk” and elsewhere in this report.  Risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ include, without limitation, general economic conditions, competition, loss of key personnel, pricing, brand reputation, acquisitions, new initiatives undertaken by Gaiam, security and information systems, legal liability for website content, merchandise supply problems, failure of third parties to provide adequate service, reliance on centralized customer service, overstocks and merchandise returns, our reliance on a centralized fulfillment center, increases in postage and shipping costs, E-commerce trends, future Internet related taxes, control of Gaiam by its founder, fluctuations in quarterly operating results, consumer trends, customer interest in our products, the effect of government regulation and other risks and uncertainties included in Gaiam’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  We caution you that no forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future performance, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this report.  We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking information.

 

PART I

 

Item 1.             Business

 

OUR BUSINESS

 

Gaiam is a lifestyle media company providing a broad selection of information, media, products and services to customers who value personal development, wellness, ecological lifestyles and responsible media.  We offer our customers the ability to make purchasing decisions based on these values while providing quality offerings at a price comparable to mainstream alternatives.  We market our media and products through a multi-channel approach including traditional media channels, direct to consumers via the Internet, subscription clubs, catalog, and broadband, and through retailers and corporate accounts.  At the end of 2005, Gaiam’s home media was carried by more than 50,000 retail stores in the United States alone, and Gaiam had approximately 7 million direct buyers.

 

Gaiam has established itself as a lifestyle media brand, content producer and licensor, information resource and authority in the Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS) market including the emerging “Media that Matters”  (MTM) market. Gaiam seeks to become a unifying symbol of these emerging media and lifestyle genres. Our lifestyle brand is built around our ability to develop and offer media content, products and lifestyle solutions to consumers in the LOHAS and MTM markets. Our content forms the basis of our proprietary offerings, on which we realize our highest margins, which then drive demand for parallel product and service offerings.  Gaiam’s operations are vertically integrated from content creation, through product development and sourcing, to customer service and distribution.  We market our products and services across two segments, business and direct-to-consumer.  We distribute our products in each of these sales segments from a single fulfillment center.

 

The LOHAS Market

 

The LOHAS market, which represented $227 billion in sales according to the 2000 Natural Business Communication study, consists of five main sectors:

 

      Sustainable Economy.  Renewable energy, energy conservation, recycled goods, environmental management services, sustainable manufacturing processes and related information and services.

 

      Healthy Living. Natural and organic foods, dietary supplements, personal care products and related information and services.

 

      Alternative Healthcare. Health and wellness solutions and alternative health practices.

 

      Personal Development. Solutions, information, products and experiences relating to mind, body and spiritual development.

 

      Ecological Lifestyles. Environmentally friendly cleaning and household products, organic cotton clothing and bedding, and eco-tourism.

 

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Gaiam participates in all five sectors of the LOHAS market with an emphasis on Personal Development, Ecological Lifestyles and Alternative Healthcare.

 

The MTM Market

 

Gaiam considers the MTM market to consist of four distinct sectors:

 

      Childrens. Children’s entertainment and edutainment with a positive message

 

      Family Entertainment. Entertainment that can be enjoyed by the entire family, containing no violence or profanity.

 

      Documentaries. Educational and informational programming (edutainment)

 

      Inspirational Entertainment. Entertainment that inspires people to expand their awareness and pursue positive changes in their lives.

 

Our Content

 

Gaiam’s business model revolves around content creation, which forms the basis for our proprietary products. We have an “in house” production team that produces programming, which has won 53 Telly awards and several medals at the International New York Film Festival.  We are fully high definition and 5.1 surround sound capable and do the majority of our authoring and editing at our Colorado facility ensuring the quality standards that drives our awards. We also develop children’s programming, which have been the recipient of several Parent’s Choice and Kids First Awards recognizing new products that help children grow imaginatively, physically, and mentally.  During 2005, we produced 20 new titles and added 800 titles to our DVD library through our acquisition of assets of GoodTimes Entertainment.  Gaiam also develops and markets music and audio CDs and publishes printed content.

 

Our Products

 

Our visual media programs represent an integral part of our proprietary product offering.  We currently stock approximately 10,000 stock keeping units (SKUs), of which approximately 7,000 are branded proprietary offerings, including media, accessories and soft goods.  In 2005, our proprietary products constituted over 70% of our product sales.

 

Our Sales Channels

 

We conduct our business across two segments.  Our business segment customers are primarily national retailers, corporate accounts and the media. We conduct our direct-to-consumer business through our catalogs, the Internet, direct response television and broadband.

 

      Media

 

Gaiam develops, produces and licenses information and programming targeted to consumers who value personal development, wellness, spirituality and inspirational entertainment.  Gaiam has an award-winning library of titles that it sells to retailers, licenses to selected distributors operating outside of the United States, and licenses or sublicenses for broadcast.  Our current list of media partners includes Entertainment One, Fit TV, Fine Living, Lime TV, LodgeNet, United Airlines and Kimpton Hotels.  All of our licensing arrangements require Gaiam branding to be prominent on the programming and are subject to our royalty agreements with our performing artists.  While our licensing of the rights to manufacture and distribute certain of our media lowers recognized revenue, contribution margins and branding are improved.

 

Gaiam uses DRTV marketing to promote LOHAS products and services, particularly those aimed at the fitness/wellness market.  DRTV marketing is a highly-scalable distribution channel for segments of our LOHAS product suite, and also provides broad marketing support for our Retail partners, as well as creates new Direct customers to which we cross-market a wide range of LOHAS products via our catalog and Internet segments.  We capitalize on both long-form DRTV shows as well as leading home shopping channels such as QVC.

 

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      Retailers

 

Since the inception of our retailer channel in 1998, we have increased its breadth and diversity.  As of the end of 2005, Gaiam media titles may be found in approximately 50,000 stores in the U.S. alone.  Gaiam media and other products are currently sold across a variety of leading retailers, including bookstores such as Barnes & Noble and Borders; media stores such as Best Buy and Blockbuster; lifestyle stores such as Discovery Channel Stores and EQ Life; beauty stores such as Ulta; home furnishing stores such as Bed, Bath and Beyond and ABC Carpet and Home; natural food stores such as Whole Foods Market and Wild Oats; sporting goods stores such as Dick’s and REI; mass merchants such as WalMart and Target, our largest customer, e-tailers such as Amazon.com and Drugstore.com; and wholesale clubs such as Costco and Sam’s Club.  Many of these retailers display our products in branded store-within-store lifestyle presentations that utilize custom fixtures designed and produced by Gaiam. We implemented our first store-within-store concept late in 2000 and the concept has grown to over 4,500 stores by the end of 2005.

 

Through distributor arrangements and acquisitions, Gaiam branded products may now be found in Canada, Japan, Korea, the United Kingdom and Australia.  Our media products are sold to international accounts primarily under licensing agreements and the remaining products are sold through distributor relationships.  During 2004, Gaiam entered into a joint venture in Australia to bring Gaiam products to consumers through catalogs, internet and Australian retailers commencing in 2005.  Our majority owned UK subsidiary changed its name to Gaiam effective March 1, 2005.

 

      Services

 

Gaiam, through its Design and Consulting division and eco-travel company, Natural Habitat, provides products and services to businesses, corporate accounts, and schools.  Clients of our lifestyle services included The White House, NASA, Fetzer Winery, the U.S. Department of Energy, the Government of Brazil, the Smithsonian Institution, and the World Wildlife Fund.

 

      Catalogs

 

Gaiam offers a variety of LOHAS products directly to the consumer through our catalogs and through some consumer lifestyle publications. We mailed 16 million catalogs in 2005.  Our customer demographics are highly regarded with an average income over $75,000 and over 70% college educated.

 

      Internet

 

We use the Internet to sell our products and to provide information on the LOHAS lifestyle.  We currently offer approximately 7,000 SKUs on our website, www.gaiam.com.  We promote our website through our visual media, catalogs, print publications, product packaging and Internet Links.  A key component of our Internet approach is to provide customer support for Internet sales from our in-house call center.  According to a Jupiter Communications study, 90% of on-line customers prefer human interaction when they require customer service.  This is particularly important for Gaiam because the use of many of our products is enhanced by the extensive product education and information that we make available online and through our customer service personnel.

 

Our Operations

 

      Product Development and Sourcing

 

Gaiam branded products are sold across our five sales channels.  Non-proprietary products are only available through our catalogs and over the Internet.  We use our catalog and Internet channels to test products before we decide to develop products under the Gaiam brand and distribute them through our other sales channels.  Our products are designed to supply information, enhance customers’ lifestyles and experiences and provide healthy, natural solutions while being eco-friendly and promoting a sustainable economy.  Because we use a multi-channel approach to our business we are able to leverage our product development costs across all channels of our business.

 

Our proprietary products are designed by our product development team, sourced both domestically and internationally by our merchandisers and produced by third party suppliers to our specifications.  We also screen the

 

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environmental and social responsibility of our suppliers.  In order to minimize risk we often identify an alternate supplier for our products in a separate location.

 

      Customer Service

 

Gaiam focuses on building and maintaining customer relationships that thrive on loyalty and trust.  We maintain a “no-risk guarantee” policy, whereby a customer is provided a full refund for products that are returned at any time, for any reason.  We have established a most valued customer program, which extends added benefits to our most loyal catalog and Internet customers.  Our in-house customer service department includes product specialists who have specific product knowledge and assist customers in selecting products and solutions that meet their needs.  We employ telephone routing software that directs each call to the appropriate representative.  Our policy is to ship orders no later than the next business day, which we accomplish by stocking inventory that supports over 92% of our orders. We believe that by offering exceptional customer service we encourage repeat purchases by our customers, enhance our brand identity and reputation and build stronger relationships with our customers.

 

      Established Infrastructure

 

We operate a 350,000 square foot distribution center near Cincinnati, Ohio, which provides fulfillment for most of our current domestic business needs and has the capacity to support the growth of our business.  This central U.S. location allows us to achieve shipping cost efficiencies to most locations.  The center is also located within 30 minutes of several major shipping company hubs.  We use a supply chain management system that supports our entire operation, including fulfillment, inventory management, and customer service.  Our fulfillment center is connected to our other facilities by a state-of-the art voice-over-Internet telecom network that allows us to maintain a high degree of connectivity within our organization.

 

Our Growth Strategies

 

      Expand our Media Offering

 

Proprietary and authentic content lies at the core of our business model. Our media offerings introduce customers to Gaiam and help establish Gaiam as an authority in the LOHAS market.  Gaiam’s primary focus is on leveraging our content with branded lifestyle product offerings through various media, catalogs, the Internet, and national retailers.  We believe that the content-centric strategy is a competitive advantage and the multi-channel approach allows us the broadest possible consumer reach.  It also provides the optimal “context” for us to market lifestyle products that are appropriate companions to the media.

 

We will continue to develop authentic content that caters to the LOHAS lifestyle in DVD, book and audio formats and also accelerate our efforts in the broadcast and theatrical categories.  We intend to expand our brand to MTM (Media that Matters), which incorporates children’s, family, inspirational and edutainment media. We believe we can establish the Gaiam brand as a leading brand in these new media categories.

 

We have already expanded our visual media offerings internationally and plan to continue to leverage this opportunity.  We also intend to broaden the variety of formats we offer, from our traditional “physical media” (DVD, CD, etc), to making our content available online to our consumers in both one-shot “purchase” format and paid monthly/annual subscription services.

 

      Capitalize on our market share positioning

 

We continue to grow our media market share. Based on Nielsen’s Videoscan, Gaiam grew its market share from 15% in 2004 to over 23% in 2005 in the fitness/wellness category. With the acquisition of titles from GoodTimes Entertainment in 2005, Gaiam ended the year with over 40% share in this category.  Based on the same Nielsen scanning, Gaiam ended at number 5 in the non-theatrical category and in the top 10 market share for DVDs of all genres.  We intend to continue to grow our market share in the non-theatrical category through the production and acquisition of titles along with our growth in the retail sector.

 

      Improve our Profit Margins

 

We believe we can improve our profit margins with several distinct strategies. We will continue to focus our sales strategy on media that carries over 70% gross margins. Gaiam is establishing itself as a brand in MTM and

 

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wellness/fitness media as well as in a genre we call edutainment. By continuing to grow our market share in media, we believe we can attract more media producers to work with the Gaiam brand instead of the traditional studio or distributor model.

 

We continue to improve margins as we are able to serve the large retailers directly instead of going through third party distributors allowed by the GoodTimes asset acquisition and the increased sales volume of Gaiam media. Since the GoodTimes transaction, we have been able to go directly to retailers like Wal-Mart and Kmart that were serviced by third party distributors prior to the acquisition.

 

We launched a continuity and subscription club business in second quarter of 2005 which was augmented with the acquired business of GoodTimes Entertainment. These businesses carry over 85% gross margin and connect our media content directly to the consumer. We expect to invest in this channel of business. We believe that with the increase in broadband acceptance in the consumer marketplace coupled with our specialized media library and loyal direct customer base, we have an opportunity for strong growth at high margins.

 

We expect to grow our international business through licensing arrangements that carry low cost of goods.  We have a valuable library of branded products that is not being currently monetized with the exception of the UK. We have recently hired personnel familiar with international licensing who will lead this initiative.

 

      Strengthen our Lifestyle Brand

 

Our goal is to maintain the Gaiam brand as an authority in the LOHAS market (including MTM) and to establish Gaiam as a unifying symbol of the emerging LOHAS lifestyle.  All of our proprietary products are being marketed under the Gaiam brand (except for recent acquisitions).  We plan to strengthen the Gaiam brand by growing our media, making the Gaiam brand more prominent across our catalog efforts, focusing on category management initiatives, increasing our store-within-store presence across national retailers, increasing our marketing and PR efforts, and aggressively developing and marketing proprietary products while maintaining our high level of customer service.

 

      Launch a Mass Market Brand in Fitness

 

We expect to launch mass market media and products in fitness under “The Firm” brand. We believe that the aging baby boomers at all income levels will be looking for fitness/wellness products. We do not market the Gaiam brand except in media in certain channels and believe there is growth opportunity for us in those channels under a different brand with the same attention to quality that we have at Gaiam. We will support the mass market brand through DRTV dollars.

 

      Expand our Proprietary Products

 

Our proprietary products, which we introduced in 1997, represented over 70% of our revenues in fiscal year 2005.  These products carry a higher margin, provide for branding opportunity and distinguish us from our competitors. We currently offer proprietary products that range from media products to sleep, stress relief, yoga and Pilates accessories to organic cotton bedding and bath products.  We have also expanded our exclusive media library to over 2000 titles through our acquisition of the assets of GoodTimes Entertainment. We continue to develop and market proprietary products across the LOHAS sectors.  We will continue to look for additional library acquisitions as we expand our content across the MTM market. We are strengthening our supply chain globally by sourcing a greater number of products offshore and leveraging our expanding media sales to acquire lower costs from our replicators. We leverage our product development costs over all sales channels.

 

      Capitalize on our Multi-channel Approach

 

Our multi-channel strategy affords us the broadest possible customer reach, as well as the ability to allow our customers to buy from us “what they want, when they want, where they want to.” This approach makes purchasing our lifestyle products convenient regardless of the channel that a customer prefers. It also allows us to migrate segments of our customer base across channels to develop deeper, longer-lasting relationships with them, and to convert them from purchasers of individual media products into subscribers to our “continuity programs,” whether those are DVD-based, or online access to communities and content on a continuity basis.  Additionally, this diversified, strategic approach should provide for continued operating and business stability as we have the ability to

 

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cross-market lifestyle products and services regardless of the customer location or the channel to which we are marketing.

 

In our direct-to-consumer business we are open 24 hours a day, offering over 7,000 products on our Internet site.  As we increase the depth of media and community functionality available to our consumers, our internet presence will transform from being merely a place to “order” product to a place to “consume” it, in real-time.

 

 In our business segment, we continue to expand our presence in national retailers and currently have placements in approximately 50,000 retail points up from 25,000 at the end of 2004.  We also continue to expand our store-within-store concept in a variety of stores, including Whole Foods Market, Barnes & Noble Bookstores, Borders, Target, Ulta, Dick’s Sporting Goods, REI, ABC Carpet and Home and other national retailers.

 

      Complement our Existing Business with Selective Strategic Acquisitions

 

Our growth strategy is not dependent on acquisitions.  However, we will consider those strategic acquisitions in the LOHAS market that complement our existing business, increase our media and related product offerings, and expand our geographical reach.  We especially focus on companies with media content, a strong brand identity and customer and product information databases that augment our existing databases.  Gaiam often allows some of the acquired company’s management team to retain responsibility for front-end business functions such as creative presentation and marketing, while consolidating operational functions under Gaiam’s existing infrastructure when economies of scale can be realized.

 

      Establish a lifestyle online community

 

In 2006, Gaiam plans to expand its online community efforts, with specific focus on the core tenets of the LOHAS lifestyle: personal development, healthy living, spirituality, alternative healthcare, and the sustainable economy.  Gaiam already works with the leading experts in these fields to produce our current suite of media offerings.  In 2006, we will launch the online “space” for our customers to come together with each other and with Gaiam’s cadre of experts in these core LOHAS areas, to share ideas, discuss new trends and solutions, and allow our customers have access to world-class resources to deepen their understanding of issues that are central to how they choose to live their lives.  The communities will take the form of online discussions, and a wealth of video, audio, and written-word content, available both real-time and on-demand.

 

Our Business Segments

 

We separate our business into two business segments:  the business segment which includes sales to businesses, retailers, corporate accounts and media outlets; and the direct-to-consumer segment, which includes catalogs, print advertising, and E-commerce.

 

The business segment represented 49% of 2005 revenues, while the direct to consumer segment represented 51% of revenues.  See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements for further information on our segments.

 

Our Intellectual Property

 

Our tradename Gaiam and various product and Internet domain names are subject to trademark or pending trademark applications of Gaiam or a Gaiam company.  We believe these trademarks are significant assets to our business.

 

Our Competitive Position

 

We believe that fragmented supplier and distribution networks characterize the LOHAS market, and we are not aware of a dominant leader.  Gaiam’s goal is to establish itself as the market leader.

 

Our business is evolving and competitive.  Larger and better-established entities may acquire, invest in or form joint ventures with our competitors.  Many of these entities have longer operating histories and have greater financial and marketing resources than we have.  Increased competition from these or other competitors could

 

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reduce our revenue and profits.  In addition, the smaller businesses we compete against may be able to more effectively personalize their relationships with customers.

 

Because Gaiam uses multi-channel distribution for our products, we compete with various producers of similar products and services. Our competitors include Warner Bros., Disney, Paramount, Fox, Anchor Bay, Inspired Entertainment, Goldhill Media, Nike, Reebok, thousands of small, local and regional businesses, and product lines or items offered by large retailers, manufacturers, publishers and media producers.

 

We believe the principal competitive factors in the LOHAS market are authenticity of information, unique content and distinctiveness of products and services, quality of product, brand recognition and price, and distribution capabilities.  We believe we compete favorably on all these relevant factors.

 

We expect industry consolidation to increase competition. As our competitors grow, they may adopt aggressive pricing or inventory policies, which could result in reduced operating margins and loss of market share.

 

Our success also depends upon the willingness of consumers to purchase media, goods and services that promote the values we espouse. While we believe our business plan and assumptions are reasonable, the demographic trends on which they are based may change and the current consumption levels may not be sustained. The decrease of consumer interest in purchasing goods and services that promote the values we espouse would materially and adversely affect our customer base and revenues and, accordingly, our financial prospects.

 

Our Employees

 

As of March 1, 2006, Gaiam and the Gaiam companies employed approximately 367 individuals.  None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.

 

Regulatory Matters

 

A number of existing and proposed laws restrict disclosure of consumers’ personal information, which may make it more difficult for Gaiam to generate additional names for its direct marketing, and restrict our ability to send unsolicited electronic mail or printed materials.  Although Gaiam believes it is generally in compliance with current laws and regulations and that these laws and regulations have not had a significant impact on our business to date, it is possible that existing or future regulatory requirements will impose a significant burden on us.

 

The Gaiam companies generally collect sales taxes only on sales to residents of states in which Gaiam has locations.  Currently, Gaiam collects sales taxes on sales to residents of California, Colorado, New York and Ohio.  A number of legislative proposals have been made at the federal, state and local level, and by foreign governments, that would impose additional taxes on the sale of goods and services over the Internet and certain states have taken measures to tax Internet-related activities.  If legislation is enacted that requires Gaiam to collect sales taxes on sales to residents of other states or jurisdictions, sales in our direct-to-consumer businesses may be adversely affected.

 

Our business is also subject to a number of other governmental regulations, including the Mail or Telephone Order Merchandise Rule and related regulations of the Federal Trade Commission.  These regulations prohibit unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in connection with mail and telephone order sales and require sellers of mail and telephone order merchandise to conform to certain rules of conduct with respect to shipping dates and shipping delays. We are also subject to regulations of the U.S. Postal Service and various state and local consumer protection agencies relating to matters such as advertising, order solicitation, shipment deadlines and customer refunds and returns. In addition, merchandise imported by Gaiam is subject to import and customs duties and, in some cases, import quotas.

 

Seasonality

 

See the “Quarterly and Seasonal Fluctuations” section of Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for information pertaining to the seasonal aspects of our business.

 

Available Information

 

Our corporate website at www.gaiam.com/corporate provides information about Gaiam, its history, goals and philosophy, as well as certain financial reports and corporate press releases.  Our www.gaiam.com website

 

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features a library of information and articles on personal development, healthy lifestyles and environmental issues, along with an extensive offering of media, products and services.  We believe our website provides us with an opportunity to deepen our relationships with our customers and investors, educate them on a variety of issues, and improve our service.  As part of this commitment, we have added a link on our corporate website to our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including our reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K and all amendments to such reports.  Those reports are available through our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

We have included our website addresses only as inactive textual reference, and the information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into the Form 10-K.

 

Item 1A.          Risk Factors

 

We wish to caution you that there are risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to be materially different from those indicated by forward looking statements that we make from time to time in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, news releases, reports, proxy statements, registration statements and other written communications as well as oral forward looking statements made from time to time by our representatives.  These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those risks described below.  Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or those we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations, and historical results are not necessarily an indication of the future results.  The cautionary statements below discuss important factors that could cause our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows to be materially adversely affected.

 

Changes in general economic conditions could have a material impact on our business

 

Our results of operations could be impacted by changes in overall economic conditions that impact consumer spending.  Future economic conditions affecting disposable income such as employment levels, consumer confidence, business conditions, stock market volatility, weather conditions, acts of terrorism, threats of war, and interest and tax rates could reduce consumer spending or cause consumers to shift their spending away from our products.  If the economic conditions and performance of the retail and media environment worsen, we may experience material adverse impacts on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

Increased competition could impact our financial results

 

We believe that the LOHAS market has thousands of small, local and regional businesses. Some smaller businesses may be able to more effectively personalize their relationships with customers, thereby gaining a competitive advantage. Although we believe that we do not compete directly with any single company that offers our entire range of merchandise, within each merchandise category we have competitors and we may face competition from new entrants. Some of our competitors or our potential competitors may have greater financial and marketing resources and greater brand recognition. In addition, larger, well-established and well-financed entities may acquire, invest in or form joint ventures with our competitors. Increased competition from these or other competitors could negatively impact our business.

 

Changing consumer preferences may have an adverse effect on our business

 

Our business is targeted at consumers who assign high value to personal development, healthy lifestyles, responsible media, renewable energy and the environment. A decrease of consumer interest in purchasing goods and services that promote the values we espouse would materially and adversely affect our customer base and sales revenues and, accordingly, our financial prospects. Further, consumer preferences and product trends are difficult to predict. Our future success depends in part on our ability to anticipate and respond to changes in consumer preferences and we may not respond in a timely or commercially appropriate manner to such changes. Failure to anticipate and respond to changing consumer preferences and product trends could lead to, among other things, lower sales of our products, increased merchandise returns and lower margins, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Our strategy of offering branded products could lead to inventory risk and higher costs

 

An important part of our strategy is to feature branded products. These products are sold under our brand names and are manufactured to our specifications. We expect our reliance on branded merchandise to increase. The

 

10



 

use of branded merchandise requires us to incur costs and risks relating to the design and purchase of products, including submitting orders earlier and making longer initial purchase commitments.

 

In addition, the use of branded merchandise limits our ability to return unsold products to vendors, which can result in higher markdowns in order to sell excess inventory. Our commitment to customer service typically results in us keeping a high level of merchandise in stock so we can fill orders quickly. Consequently, we run the risk of having excess inventory, which may also contribute to higher markdowns. Our failure to successfully execute a branded merchandise strategy or to achieve anticipated profit margins on these goods, or a higher than anticipated level of overstocks, may materially adversely affect our revenues.

 

We offer our customers liberal merchandise return policies. Our consolidated financial statements include a reserve for anticipated merchandise returns, which is based on historical return rates. It is possible that actual returns may increase as a result of factors such as the introduction of new merchandise, changes in merchandise mix or other factors. Any increase in our merchandise returns will correspondingly reduce our revenues.

 

 Acquisitions may harm our financial results

 

Acquisitions have been part of our growth and may continue to be part of our growth in the future.  Our acquisitions may be of entire companies, certain assets of companies, controlling interests in companies or of minority interests in companies where we intend to invest as part of a strategic alliance. If we are not successful in integrating companies that we acquire or are not able to generate adequate sales from the acquired entities, our business could be materially and adversely affected.

 

The loss of the services of our key personnel could disrupt our business

 

We depend on the continued services and performance of our senior management and other key personnel, particularly Jirka Rysavy and Lynn Powers.  Our strategy of allowing the management teams of some acquired companies to continue to exercise significant management responsibility for those companies makes it important that we retain key employees, particularly the sales and creative teams, of the companies we might acquire.

 

Our founder and chief executive officer Jirka Rysavy controls Gaiam

 

Mr. Rysavy holds 100% of Gaiam’s 5,400,000 outstanding shares of class B common stock and also owns 1,664,000 shares of class A common stock. The shares of class B common stock are convertible into shares of class A common stock at any time. Each share of class B common stock has ten votes per share, and each share of class A common stock has one vote per share.  Consequently, Mr. Rysavy is able to vote a majority of our stock, and will be able to exert substantial influence over Gaiam and to control matters requiring approval by the shareholders of Gaiam, including the election of directors, increasing our authorized capital stock, or a merger or sale of our assets. As a result of Mr. Rysavy’s control, no change of control of Gaiam can occur without Mr. Rysavy’s consent.  In 2005, Mr. Rysavy entered into certain agreements with Revolution Living, LLC and its founder, Steve Case that could have a negative impact on Gaiam.  In 2005, Gaiam recorded a $646 thousand expense for its share of losses at Revolution Living’s LIME Media.

 

Our success depends on the value of the Gaiam brand

 

Because of our reliance on sales of proprietary products, our success depends on the Gaiam brand. Building and maintaining recognition of the Gaiam brand are important to attracting and expanding our customer base. If the value of the Gaiam brand were adversely affected, we cannot be certain that we will be able to attract new customers, retain existing customers or encourage repeat purchases, and if the value of our brand were to diminish, our revenues, results of operations and prospects would be adversely affected.

 

Disputes concerning media content and intellectual property may adversely affect us

 

Most of our media content is subject to arrangements with third parties pursuant to which we have licensed certain rights to use and distribute media content owned by third parties or have licensed to third parties certain rights to use and distribute media content that we own.  In addition, we have a number of agreements with third parties concerning the use of our media content and intellectual property, including agreements regarding royalties, distribution, duplication, etc. Allegations that we do not have rights to use media content and other disputes arising from such arrangements can be costly and may have a material adverse impact on our results.

 

11



 

We are dependent on third party suppliers for the success of our proprietary products

 

We are dependent on the success of our proprietary products, and we rely on a select group of manufacturers to provide us with sufficient quantities to meet our customers’ demands in a timely manner, produce these products in a humane and safe environment for both their workers and the planet, maintain quality standards consistent with the Gaiam brand, and meet certain pricing guarantees.  Our sourcing of these products overseas continues to increase, and these arrangements carry risks associated with relying on products manufactured outside of the U.S., including political unrest and trade restrictions, currency fluctuations, transportation difficulties, work stoppages, and other uncertainties.  In addition, a number of our suppliers are small companies, and some of these vendors may not have sufficient capital, resources or personnel to increase their sales to us or to meet our needs for increased commitments from them. The failure of our suppliers to provide sufficient quantities of our proprietary products could decrease our revenues, increase our costs, and damage our customer service reputation.

 

We rely on communications and shipping networks to deliver our products

 

Given our emphasis on customer service, the efficient and uninterrupted operation of order-processing and fulfillment functions is critical to our business. To maintain a high level of customer service, we rely heavily on a number of different outside service providers, such as printers, telecommunications companies and delivery companies. Any interruption in services from our principal outside service providers, including delays or disruptions resulting from labor disputes, power outages, human error, adverse weather conditions or natural disasters, could materially adversely affect our business.  In addition, products that we source overseas must be shipped to our distribution center by freight carriers, and a work stoppage or political unrest could adversely affect our ability to fulfill our customer orders.

 

Information systems upgrades or integrations may disrupt our operations or financial reporting

 

We continually evaluate and upgrade our management information systems, which are critical to our business. These systems assist in processing orders, managing inventory, purchasing and shipping merchandise on a timely basis, responding to customer service inquiries, and gathering and analyzing operating data by business segment, customer, and SKU (a specific identifier for each different product). We are required to continually update these systems. Furthermore, if we acquire other companies, we will need to integrate the acquired companies’ systems with ours, a process that could be time-consuming and costly. If our systems cannot accommodate our growth or if they fail, we could incur substantial expenses.

 

Additionally, our success in E-commerce will depend upon our ability to provide a compelling and satisfying shopping experience. To remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our online technology.

 

A material security breach could cause us to lose sales, damage our reputation or result in liability to us

 

Our computer servers may be vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions. We may need to expend significant additional capital and other resources to protect against a security breach or to alleviate problems caused by any breaches. Our relationships with our customers may be adversely affected if the security measures that we use to protect personal information such as credit card numbers are ineffective. We currently rely on security and authentication technology that we license from third parties. We may not prevent all security breaches.

 

Our systems may fail or limit user traffic, which would cause us to lose sales

 

We support most of our business through our call center in Broomfield, Colorado. Even though we have back up arrangements, we are dependent on our ability to maintain our computer and telecommunications equipment in this center in effective working order and to protect against damage from fire, natural disaster, power loss, telecommunications failure or similar events. In addition, growth of our customer base may strain or exceed the capacity of our computer and telecommunications systems and lead to degradations in performance or systems failure. We have experienced capacity constraints and failure of information systems in the past that have resulted in decreased levels of service delivery or interruptions in service to customers for limited periods of time. Although we continually review and consider upgrades to our technical infrastructure and provide for system redundancies and backup power to limit the likelihood of systems overload or failure, substantial damage to our systems or a systems

 

12



 

failure that causes interruptions for a number of days could adversely affect our business. Additionally, if we are unsuccessful in updating and expanding our infrastructure, including our call center, our ability to grow may be constrained.

 

Government regulation of the Internet and E-commerce is evolving and unfavorable changes could harm our business

 

We are subject to general business regulations and laws, as well as regulations and laws specifically governing the Internet and E-commerce. Such existing and future laws and regulations may impede the growth of the Internet or other online services.  These regulations and laws may cover taxation, user privacy, pricing, content, copyrights, distribution, consumer protection, the provision of online payment services and quality of products and services.  There is lack of clarity on how existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, sales and other taxes and personal privacy apply to the Internet and E-commerce.  Unfavorable resolution of these issues may harm our business.

 

We may face legal liability for the content contained on our website

 

We could face legal liability for defamation, negligence, copyright, patent or trademark infringement, personal injury or other claims based on the nature and content of materials that we publish or distribute on our website. If we are held liable for damages for the content on our website, our business may suffer. Further, one of our goals is for www.gaiam.com to be a trustworthy and dependable provider of information and services. Allegations of impropriety, even if unfounded, could therefore have a material adverse effect on our reputation and our business.

 

Relying on our centralized fulfillment center could expose us to losing revenue

 

Prompt and efficient fulfillment of our customers’ orders is critical to our business. Our facility in Cincinnati, Ohio handles our fulfillment functions and some customer-service related operations, such as returns processing. A majority of our orders are filled and shipped from the Cincinnati facility. The balance is shipped directly from suppliers. Because we rely on a centralized fulfillment center, our fulfillment functions could be severely impaired in the event of fire, extended adverse weather conditions, transportation difficulties or natural disasters. Because we recognize revenue only when we ship orders, interruption of our shipping would diminish our revenues.

 

We may face quarterly and seasonal fluctuations that could harm our business

 

Our revenue and results of operations have fluctuated and will continue to fluctuate on a quarterly basis as a result of a number of factors, including the timing of catalog offerings, timing of orders from retailers, recognition of costs or net sales contributed by new merchandise, fluctuations in response rates, fluctuations in paper, production and postage costs and expenses, merchandise returns, adverse weather conditions that affect distribution or shipping, shifts in the timing of holidays and changes in our merchandise mix. In particular, our net sales and profits have historically been higher during the fourth quarter holiday season. We believe that this seasonality will continue in the future.

 

Postage and shipping costs may increase and therefore increase our expenses

 

We ship our products, catalogs, and lifestyle publications to consumers and the cost of shipping is a material expenditure. Postage and shipping prices increase periodically and can be expected to increase in the future. Any inability to secure suitable or commercially favorable prices or other terms for the delivery of our merchandise and catalogs could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our business is subject to reporting requirements that continue to evolve and change, which could continue to require significant compliance effort and resources.

 

Because our common stock is publicly traded, we are subject to certain rules and regulations of federal, state and financial market exchange entities charged with the protection of investors and the oversight of companies whose securities are publicly traded.  These entities, including the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the SEC and the NASDAQ, periodically issue new requirements and regulations and legislative bodies also review and revise applicable laws such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  As interpretation and implementation of these

 

13



 

laws and rules and promulgation of new regulations continues, we will continue to be required to commit significant financial and managerial resources and incur additional expenses.

 

Item 1B.          Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None.

 

Item 2.             Properties

 

Our principal executive offices are located in Broomfield, Colorado.  Our fulfillment center is located in the Cincinnati, Ohio area. This facility houses most of our fulfillment functions. We selected the Cincinnati site after considering the availability and cost of facilities and labor, proximity to major highways, air delivery hubs and support of local government of new businesses. We also believe that Cincinnati is ideal for providing the low cost shipping available from a single central point to a customer base that conforms to the overall U.S. population.

 

The following table sets forth certain information relating to our primary facilities:

 

Primary Locations

 

Size

 

Use

 

Lease Expiration

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Broomfield, CO

 

36,000 sq. ft.

 

Headquarters and customer service

 

May 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cincinnati, OH

 

355,000 sq. ft.

 

Fulfillment center

 

September 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

New York, NY

 

18,400 sq. ft.

 

Media office

 

January 2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hopland, CA

 

12 acres

 

Renewable energy demo site

 

Owned

 

We have options to renew the leases for our headquarters and our fulfillment center.  We believe our facilities are adequate to meet our current needs and that suitable additional facilities will be available for lease or purchase when, and as, we need them.

 

Item 3.             Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, Gaiam is involved in legal proceedings that we consider to be in the normal course of business.  We do not believe that any of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Item 4.             Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

No matters were brought to a vote of our shareholders in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Part II

 

Item 5.             Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Stock Price History

 

Gaiam’s Class A common stock has been quoted on the NASDAQ under the symbol “GAIA” since our initial public offering on October 29, 1999.  On March 6, 2006, we had 8,173 shareholders of record and 15,020,078 shares of $.0001 par value Class A common stock outstanding. We have 5,400,000 shares of $.0001 par value Class B common stock outstanding, held by one shareholder.

 

The following table sets forth certain sales price and trading volume data for Gaiam’s Class A common stock for the period indicated:

 

14



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Daily

 

 

 

High Bid

 

Low Bid

 

Close

 

Volume

 

Fiscal 2005:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

14.90

 

$

9.12

 

$

13.51

 

62,735

 

Third Quarter

 

$

11.05

 

$

6.90

 

$

10.32

 

33,038

 

Second Quarter

 

$

7.19

 

$

5.35

 

$

6.96

 

4.270

 

First Quarter

 

$

6.25

 

$

5.17

 

$

5.54

 

9,587

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fiscal 2004:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

6.20

 

$

4.85

 

$

6.15

 

18,334

 

Third Quarter

 

$

7.39

 

$

5.26

 

$

5.97

 

9,001

 

Second Quarter

 

$

7.25

 

$

5.39

 

$

6.78

 

16,598

 

First Quarter

 

$

6.04

 

$

5.13

 

$

5.57

 

13,850

 

 

Dividend Policy

 

Gaiam has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock.  Gaiam currently intends to retain earnings to support its growth strategy and does not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.  In addition, our bank line of credit agreement prohibits payment of any dividends to our shareholders.  As of December 31, 2005, Gaiam had no outstanding advances under the line of credit agreement.

 

Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

In December 2005, Gaiam, Inc. issued 146,667 shares of Class A common stock to a Conscious Media shareholder to purchase shares of Conscious Media, Inc.  These shares were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

We did not purchase any of our equity securities during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Equity Compensation Plan

Information

 

 

 

Number of securities

 

Weighted-average

 

Number of securities

 

 

 

to be issued upon

 

exercise price of

 

remaining available for

 

 

 

exercise of outstanding

 

outstanding options,

 

future issuance under

 

Plan Category

 

options, warrants and rights

 

warrants and rights

 

equity compensation plans

 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 

1,504,564

 

$

7.74

 

307,792

 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 

 

 

 

Total

 

1,504,564

 

$

7.74

 

307,792

 

 

Item 6.             Selected Financial Data

 

The selected statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 set forth below are derived from Gaiam’s audited consolidated financial statements which are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.  The selected statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and balance sheet data as of December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 set forth below are derived from Gaiam’s audited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this Form 10-K.  The historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other period.  The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements and related notes, included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

 

15



 

GAIAM, INC.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

Statement of Operations Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

$

142,492

 

$

96,657

 

$

102,000

 

$

111,406

 

$

98,737

 

Cost of goods sold

 

61,977

 

48,646

 

48,927

 

45,475

 

39,276

 

Gross profit

 

80,515

 

48,011

 

53,073

 

65,931

 

59,461

 

Selling, operating, general and administrative expenses

 

77,429

 

54,301

 

54,355

 

57,180

 

52,849

 

Operating income (loss)

 

3,086

 

(6,290

)

(1,282

)

8,751

 

6,612

 

Other income (loss)

 

(175

)

109

 

546

 

(261

)

346

 

Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest

 

2,911

 

(6,181

)

(736

)

8,490

 

6,958

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

974

 

(2,440

)

(461

)

3,002

 

2,498

 

Minority interest in net income of consolidated subsidiary, net of tax

 

(601

)

(897

)

(697

)

(40

)

(404

)

Net income (loss)

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

$

5,448

 

$

4,056

 

Net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

$

0.39

 

$

0.33

 

Diluted

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

$

0.38

 

$

0.32

 

Shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

17,140

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

14,107

 

12,396

 

Diluted

 

17,354

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

14,489

 

12,809

 

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

Balance Sheet Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash

 

$

15,028

 

$

10,439

 

$

8,384

 

$

11,422

 

$

22,244

 

Working capital

 

37,216

 

31,488

 

29,531

 

33,944

 

41,403

 

Total assets

 

156,101

 

88,287

 

91,860

 

91,167

 

87,884

 

Long-term debt (net of current maturities)

 

 

 

 

55

 

238

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

107,286

 

66,346

 

69,485

 

69,371

 

58,633

 

 

Item 7.                    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion and analysis of Gaiam’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this document.  This section is designed to provide information that will assist readers in understanding Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements, changes in certain items in those statements from year to year, the primary factors that caused those changes and how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect the consolidated financial statements.

 

Overview and Outlook

 

Gaiam is a lifestyle media company providing content, information, and product to customers who value personal development, healthy living and responsible media.

 

With the inception of our business segment in 1998, Gaiam started to sell directly to retailers, both domestically and abroad, and Gaiam’s products are now available in over 50,000 doors.  Gaiam introduced its “store-within-store” lifestyle presentations, which utilize custom fixtures designed and produced by Gaiam, in late 2000, and the placement of this concept has grown to over 4,500 stores.  In 2004, revenue in this segment was $44.2 million.  In 2005, revenue generated in this segment grew to $70.1 million, as a result of revenue generated by acquisitions and acquired assets combined with a 21% internal growth rate.

 

16



 

The direct to consumer segment continues to be an integral part of Gaiam’s core and has expanded to include greater reach through new club and membership programs and initiatives.  This segment accounted for approximately $52.4 million of Gaiam’s revenue during 2004.  During 2005, revenue generated by internal growth of 17% in this segment and the expansion into DRTV, club and membership programs brought the total revenue generated by this segment to $72.3 million, or 51% of total revenue.  Through is diverse media reach, the direct to consumer segment provides branding, an opportunity to launch and support new media releases, a sounding board for new product testing, promotional opportunities and customer feedback on Gaiam’s and the LOHAS (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability) industry’s focus and future.

 

During 2005, Gaiam completed several acquisitions targeted towards expanding and enhancing our media content and reach.  In August 2005, Gaiam acquired a minority interest in Revolution Living’s LIME Media, and, in December 2005, acquired additional shares in Conscious Media, Inc., bringing its total ownership to 51.3%.  In September 2005, Gaiam acquired the majority of the assets of GoodTimes Entertainment and certain of its affiliates.  GoodTimes Entertainment’s assets included entertainment programming, fitness media and accessories, and home video products distributed through various channels, including television, retailers and the Internet.  GoodTimes Entertainment’s library contained wellness franchises such as The Firm and Tae Bo, children classics and theatrical releases.

 

We believe our growth will be driven by content, which is delivered in a variety of media formats, and through broadcast, Internet, retailers, international licensing, and electronic and traditional paper delivery systems.  Gaiam has increased its focus on its media content creation and distribution, which strategically provides increased branding opportunities, significantly higher operating contribution and greater mainstream penetration.  With the completion of these acquisitions and continued expansion and improvements in Gaiam’s core businesses, Gaiam currently expects to generate over $200 million in annual revenue during 2006.  The volume increase will not only allow Gaiam to achieve greater reach, it will also allow Gaiam to negotiate better inventory and service pricing to improve margins, and more fully leverage its distribution capacity and overhead to produce better overall financial results.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this
Form 10-K summarizes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Management believes the following to be critical accounting policies whose application has a material impact on Gaiam’s financial presentation, and involve a higher degree of complexity, as they require management to make judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain.

 

Provisions for Doubtful Accounts and Returns

 

Gaiam records a provision for doubtful accounts for all receivables not expected to be collected.  Gaiam generally does not require collateral.  Gaiam evaluates the collectibility of accounts receivable based on a combination of factors.  When we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations (e.g. bankruptcy filings), Gaiam records a specific reserve for bad debts against amounts due.  For all other instances, Gaiam recognizes reserves based on historical experience and review of individual accounts outstanding.

 

Gaiam records a provision for product returns to be received in future periods at the time the original sale is recognized.  The amount of the returns provision is based upon historical experience and future expectations.

 

Inventory

 

Inventory consists primarily of finished goods held for sale and is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Gaiam identifies the inventory items to be written down for obsolescence based on the item’s current sales status and condition.  If the item is discontinued or slow moving, it is written down based on an estimate of the markdown to retail price needed to sell through its current stock level of the item.

 

17



 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed in a business acquisition.  In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill is no longer amortized but is reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, on a reporting unit level.  The fair value of a reporting unit is compared with its carrying amount, including goodwill.  If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired.

 

If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss.  Gaiam has allocated goodwill to two reporting units, and uses a market value method for the purposes of testing for potential impairment.  The annual review requires extensive use of financial judgment and estimates.  Application of alternative assumptions and definitions, such as a change in the composition of a reporting unit, could yield significantly different results.

 

Investments

 

Investments in corporations over which Gaiam does not have the ability to exercise significant influence, and in which Gaiam has a less than twenty percent ownership interest, are accounted for under the cost method. Under the cost method of accounting, investments in private companies are carried at cost and are adjusted only for other-than-temporary declines in fair value. Investments in limited liability companies in which Gaiam does not have the ability to exercise significant influence or control, and in which it holds a five percent or more membership interest, are accounted for under the equity method.  Under the equity method, Gaiam records its share of the income or losses of the investment by increasing or decreasing the carrying value of its investment and recording the income or expense through the consolidated statement of operations.  Investments under the cost and equity methods are included on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet in “Investments.”

 

Capitalized Production Costs and Media Library

 

Capitalized production costs include costs incurred to produce media products marketed by Gaiam to retailers and direct-mail and online customers.  These costs are deferred for financial reporting purposes until the media is released, then amortized over succeeding periods on the basis of estimated sales.  Historical sales statistics are the principal factor used in estimating the amortization rate.  Gaiam’s media library consists of titles and content purchased or acquired.  At acquisition, the fair market value of the library is established and is amortized over succeeding periods on the basis of its estimated useful life.

 

Gaiam has not had any significant changes in its critical accounting policies from its Form 10-K filing for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Net revenue

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

100.0

%

Cost of goods sold

 

43.5

%

50.3

%

48.0

%

Gross profit

 

56.5

%

49.7

%

52.0

%

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling and operating

 

47.5

%

47.7

%

44.3

%

Corporate, general and administrative

 

6.9

%

8.5

%

9.0

%

Total expenses

 

54.3

%

56.2

%

53.3

%

Income (loss) from operations

 

2.2

%

-6.5

%

-1.3

%

Other income (expense), net

 

-0.1

%

0.1

%

0.6

%

Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest

 

2.0

%

-6.4

%

-0.7

%

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

0.7

%

-2.5

%

-0.5

%

Minority interest in net (income) loss of consolidated subsidiary, net of tax

 

-0.4

%

-0.9

%

-0.7

%

Net income(loss)

 

0.9

%

-4.8

%

-0.9

%

 

18



 

Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to year ended December 31, 2004

 

Revenue of $142.5 million during 2005 was 47% higher than the $96.7 million in revenue generated in 2004.  Gaiam’s increase in revenue primarily resulted from increased sales volume from content acquired in the GoodTimes asset acquisition, which was coupled with a 19% internal growth rate.  Revenue in Gaiam’s direct to consumer segment was $72.3 million in 2005, an increase of $19.9 million or 38% over 2004 revenue of $52.4 million, primarily resulting from the advent of club, membership and DRTV revenue, in addition to a 17% internal growth rate in the core components.  Gaiam’s business segment generated positive internal growth of 21% for the year, and, including revenue generated by acquisitions, increased the total revenue generated by this segment by 58.6% to $70.2 million in 2005 from $44.2 million in 2004.

 

Gross profit, which consists of revenue less cost of sales (primarily merchandise cost plus inbound freight and duties), increased to $80.5 million for 2005 from $48 million during 2004.  As a percentage of revenue, gross profit increased 680 basis points to 56.5% in 2005 from 49.7% in 2004.  This was primarily attributable to a sales mix change favoring media, on which Gaiam generates significantly higher gross margins, and the cessation of markdowns and other costs associated with the format change from VHS to DVD which adversely affected 2004 results.  Gross profit was also favorably impacted by improved pricing on DVDs associated with the higher volume, and new direct to retailer access, rather than the use of third party distributors, on several new key accounts.  These improvements had the greatest impact on the business segment, as gross profit for this segment improved to 57.3% in 2005 from 45.6% in 2004.  The direct to consumer segment also improved, as the gross profit in this segment increased to 55.7% in 2005, up from 53.1% in 2004.

 

Selling and operating expenses increased to $67.6 million for 2005 compared to $46.1 million in the same period of 2004, primarily resulting from increased sales and operating expenses to support the revenue increases described above, and transition expenses associated with the GoodTimes asset acquisition.  As a percentage of revenue, selling and operating expenses decreased to 47.5% in 2005 from 47.7% in 2004 due to higher revenue base.

 

Corporate, general and administration expenses increased to $9.8 million in 2005 from $8.2 million in 2004, but decreased significantly to 6.9% of revenue in 2005 from 8.5% of revenue in 2004.  This expense increase primarily resulted from increased facilities, systems and other infrastructure costs associated with the acquired assets and increased business volume.

 

As a result of the above factors, Gaiam generated $3.1 in income from operations, or 2.2% of revenue, during 2005, as compared to a $6.3 million operating loss in 2004, which was 6.5% of revenue.

 

Gaiam recorded $175 thousand in other expense during 2005 and $109 thousand in other income during 2004.  In August 2005, Gaiam acquired a 19.9% interest in Revolution Living’s LIME Media, and recorded a one-time $646 thousand loss on this investment for the period from August 22, 2005 through December 31, 2005.  This loss was partially offset by interest income of $358 thousand for 2005.  During 2004, Gaiam generated $160 thousand in interest income.  The share of net income associated with minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries was $601 thousand in 2005, compared to the share of net income of $897 thousand for the comparable 2004 period.

 

Gaiam recorded an income tax expense of $974 thousand for 2005 compared to an income tax benefit of $2.4 million in 2004.  Gaiam’s consolidated effective tax rate fluctuates based upon the distribution of earnings/losses between its domestic and foreign operations.

 

As a result of the factors described above, Gaiam improved its financial performance over 2004.  In 2005, Gaiam produced net income of $1.3 million, or $0.08 per share, as compared to a net loss in 2004 of $4.6 million or $0.32 per share.

 

19



 

Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003

 

Revenue of $96.7 million during 2004 was 5.2% lower than the $102 million in revenue generated in 2003.  Gaiam’s decrease in revenue was due to lower revenues from the business segment of $7.3 million, or 13.6%, as compared to fiscal year 2003.  This shortfall resulted from lower sales volume in the U.S. and Canadian trade business, where net media revenue before markdowns, particularly those associated with lower sales and returns attributable to the change out of VHS format for DVD format, dropped by over 26% as compared to the previous year.  Additionally, revenue generated by the U.S. business segment was adversely impacted by markdowns given to incent sell-through of VHS tapes and kits containing VHS media, and markdowns given to Target associated with sell-through of products to prepare for an expansion of Gaiam’s shelf space, which took place at the end of September 2004.  Direct to consumer segment revenues increased 3.9% to $52.4 million for 2004, compared to $50.5 million for the same period in 2003.  Internal revenue growth in our Internet businesses continued to be strong at 21%, while our international business posted internal growth of 16% for 2004.

 

Gross profit, which consists of revenue less cost of sales decreased to $48 million for 2004 from $53.1 million during 2003.  As a percentage of revenue, gross profit declined to 49.7% in 2004 from 52% in 2003.  This was primarily attributable to a decline in the business segment gross profit from 49.7% in 2003 to 45.6% in 2004.  This decline in the business segment gross margin was primarily due to markdowns, inventory write-offs and valuation reserves, and other expenses incurred with the changeover from VHS to DVD products.  Gross profit by product line increased, particularly in accessories, but the weighted product revenue mix change from media to accessories resulted in lower overall gross margins.  This was partially offset by a favorable change in sales mix from the business segment to the direct to consumer segment, where Gaiam has better overall margins.

 

Selling and operating expenses increased to $46.1 million for 2004 as compared to $45.2 million in the same period of 2003, primarily resulting from increased sales and marketing efforts in our direct to consumer segment to support the revenue increases described above, and expenses associated with doubling the business segment sales force.  As a percentage of revenue, selling and operating expenses increased to 47.7% in 2004 from 44.3% in 2003 due to a combination of revenue contraction and higher direct to consumer segment spending.

 

Corporate, general and administration expenses decreased to $8.2 million in 2004 from $9.2 million in 2003, and decreased to 8.5% of revenue in 2004 from 9% of revenue in 2003.  This expense reduction was generally attributable to cost savings negotiated with service providers and other savings generated by the consolidation of administrative services into Gaiam’s Colorado headquarters.

 

Operating losses increased to $6.3 million in 2004 from $1.3 million in 2003, primarily due to revenue decreases.

 

Gaiam recorded $109 thousand and $546 thousand in other income in 2004 and 2003, respectively, primarily from interest income in 2004 and a gain on the purchase of stock rights plus interest income in 2003.  The share of net income associated with minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries was $897 thousand in 2004, compared to the share of net income of $697 thousand for the comparable 2003 period.

 

Gaiam recorded an income tax benefit of $2.4 million for 2004 compared to an income tax benefit of $461 thousand 2003.  Gaiam’s consolidated effective tax rate fluctuates based upon the distribution of earnings/losses between its domestic and foreign operations.

 

As a result of the factors described above, Gaiam’s net loss was $4.6 million for 2004 compared to a net loss of $972 thousand recorded for 2003.

 

Quarterly and Seasonal Fluctuations

 

The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly results of operations for each of the quarters in 2005 and 2004.  In management’s opinion, this unaudited financial information includes all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals and adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the quarters presented.  This financial information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.  The results of operations for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations.

 

20



 

 

 

Fiscal 2005

 

 

 

First

 

Second

 

Third

 

Fourth

 

 

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenue

 

$

26,324

 

$

21,706

 

$

30,139

 

$

64,322

 

Gross profit

 

13,749

 

10,557

 

16,713

 

39,496

 

Operating income (loss)

 

287

 

(1,271

)

878

 

3,193

 

Net income (loss)

 

116

 

(766

)

505

 

1,481

 

Diluted net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.01

 

$

(0.05

)

$

0.03

 

$

0.07

 

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

 

14,820

 

14,820

 

18,892

 

20,595

 

 

 

 

Fiscal 2004

 

 

 

First

 

Second

 

Third

 

Fourth

 

 

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenue

 

$

23,775

 

$

17,031

 

$

21,023

 

$

34,828

 

Gross profit

 

12,676

 

8,540

 

9,827

 

16,968

 

Operating income (loss)

 

(329

)

(3,634

)

(2,324

)

(3

)

Net income (loss)

 

(329

)

(2,215

)

(1,530

)

(564

)

Diluted net income (loss) per share

 

$

(0.02

)

$

(0.15

)

$

(0.10

)

$

(0.04

)

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

 

14,615

 

14,686

 

14,712

 

14,723

 

 

Note:  The aggregate of certain of the above amounts differs from that reported for the full fiscal year due to the effects of rounding.

 

Quarterly fluctuations in Gaiam’s revenues and operating results are due to a number of factors, including the timing of new product introductions and mailings to customers, advertising, acquisitions (including costs of acquisitions and expenses related to integration of acquisitions), competition, pricing of products by vendors and expenditures on our systems and infrastructure.  The impact on revenue and operating results due to the timing and extent of these factors can be significant.  Our sales are also affected by seasonal influences.  On an aggregate basis, Gaiam generates its strongest revenues and net income in the fourth quarter due to increased holiday spending.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Gaiam’s capital needs arise from working capital required to fund our operations, capital expenditures related to acquisition and development of media content, development of Internet and new products, acquisitions of new businesses, replacements, expansions and improvements to Gaiam’s infrastructure, and future growth.  These capital requirements depend on numerous factors, including the rate of market acceptance of Gaiam’s product offerings, our ability to expand Gaiam’s customer base, the cost of ongoing upgrades to Gaiam’s product offerings, our level of expenditures for sales and marketing, our level of investment in distribution systems and facilities and other factors.  The timing and amount of these capital requirements are variable and cannot accurately be predicted.  Additionally, Gaiam will continue to pursue opportunities to expand our media libraries, evaluate possible investments in businesses, products and technologies (including broadband, subscription clubs and online community), and increase our sales and marketing programs and brand promotions as needed.

 

Gaiam has a credit agreement with Wells Fargo, which permits borrowings of up to $15 million based upon the collateral value of Gaiam’s accounts receivable and inventory.  At December 31, 2005, Gaiam had no amounts outstanding under this agreement and complied with all of the financial covenants.  This credit agreement expires on July 31, 2007.  Should Gaiam choose to borrow under the credit agreement, outstanding advances bear interest at the lower of prime rate less 50 basis points or LIBO plus 275 basis points.  Borrowings are secured by a pledge of Gaiam’s assets, and the agreement contains various financial covenants, including covenants prohibiting the payment of cash dividends to Gaiam shareholders and requiring compliance with certain financial ratios.

 

Gaiam’s operating activities generated net cash of $6.7 million and $3.1 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.  Gaiam’s net cash generated from operating activities in 2005 was primarily attributable to net income and non-cash expenses of $6.4 million.  The use of cash to fund the growth in accounts receivable resulting from increased sales volume was offset by the growth in accounts payable. Gaiam’s net cash generated from operating activities in 2004 was primarily attributable to a decrease in accounts receivable of $2.6 million along with non-cash

 

21



 

charges of $5.1 million in 2004, which was partially offset by an increase in deferred advertising costs associated with earlier distribution of our spring catalogs.

 

Gaiam’s investing and acquisition activities used net cash of $40.4 million and $1.6 million for 2005 and 2004, respectively.  During 2005, Gaiam used cash to acquire assets from GoodTimes Entertainment and to fund Gaiam’s investment in LIME Media.  In 2005 and 2004, Gaiam used $1.6 million in both years for the purchase of property, equipment and media rights.

 

Gaiam’s financing activities generated net cash of $38.7 million and $372 thousand for 2005 and 2004, respectively.  On July 7, 2005, we issued and sold 2,821,317 shares of unregistered Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $18.7 million to certain funds advised by Prentice Capital Management, LP.  On August 22, 2005, Gaiam issued and sold 2,500,000 shares of unregistered Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $20 million to Revolution Living, LLC.  The remaining 2005 and the 2004 cash generated by financing activities resulted primarily from the exercise of stock options under Gaiam’s 1999 Long Term Incentive Program.

 

We believe our available cash, cash expected to be generated from operations, and borrowing capabilities on our unused $15 million line of credit should be sufficient to fund our operations on both a short-term and long-term basis.  However, our projected cash needs may change as a result of acquisitions, product development, unforeseen operational difficulties or other factors.

 

In the normal course of our business, we investigate, evaluate and discuss acquisition, joint venture, minority investment, strategic relationship and other business combination opportunities in the LOHAS market.  For any future investment, acquisition or joint venture opportunities, we may consider using then-available liquidity, issuing equity securities or incurring additional indebtedness.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

Gaiam has commitments pursuant to lease and debt agreements, but does not have any outstanding commitments pursuant to long-term debt obligations or purchase obligations.  The following table shows our commitments to make future payments under operating and capital leases (in thousands):

 

 

 

Total

 

< 1 year

 

1-3 years

 

3-5 years

 

> 5 yrs

 

Operating lease obligations

 

$

7,030

 

$

2,861

 

$

3,562

 

$

348

 

$

259

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

Gaiam does not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as special purpose entities (“SPEs”) or variable interest entities (“VIEs”), which have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other limited purposes.  As of December 31, 2005, Gaiam is not involved in any unconsolidated SPEs or VIEs.

 

Item 7A.          Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We are exposed to market risks, which include changes in U.S. interest rates and foreign exchange rates.  We do not engage in financial transactions for trading or speculative purposes.

 

Any borrowings we might make under our bank credit facility would bear interest at the lower of prime rate less 50 basis points or LIBOR plus 275 basis points.  Gaiam does not have any amounts outstanding under its credit line, so any unfavorable change in interest rates would not have a material impact on Gaiam’s results from operations or cash flows unless Gaiam makes borrowings in the future.

 

Gaiam purchases a significant amount of inventory from vendors outside of the U.S. in transactions that are primarily U.S. dollar denominated transactions.  Because the percentage of our international purchases denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar is small, any currency risks related to these transactions are immaterial to Gaiam.  A decline in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other foreign currencies could, however, lead to increased purchasing costs.  In order to mitigate this exposure, Gaiam makes virtually all of its purchase commitments in U.S. dollars.

 

22



 

In 2003, Gaiam purchased a 50.1% interest in Gaiam Limited, formerly known as Leisure Systems International Limited, a U.K. based distributor.  Because Gaiam Limited’s revenues are primarily denominated in foreign currencies, this investment exposes Gaiam to accounting risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.  However, we have determined that there was no material market risk exposure to our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as of December 31, 2005.

 

Item 8.             Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Index to Financial Statements

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

 

Consolidated Financial Statements:

 

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

 

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 

Financial Statement Schedule:

 

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

 

23



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Gaiam, Inc.

Broomfield, Colorado

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Gaiam, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2005.  Our audits also included the financial statement schedule II for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.  We also have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Managements’ Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting included in Item 9A, that Gaiam, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO Criteria”).  The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements, an opinion on management’s assessment, and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Gaiam, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule II for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.  Also in our opinion, management’s assessment that Gaiam, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO Criteria.  Furthermore, in our opinion, Gaiam, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, based on the COSO Criteria.

 

Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman PC

 

March 15, 2006

Denver, Colorado

 

24



 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

Stockholders and Board of Directors

Gaiam, Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of Gaiam, Inc. (the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2003. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule II. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of Gaiam, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

 

 

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

Denver, Colorado

February 19, 2004

 

25



 

GAIAM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

15,028

 

$

10,439

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $761 in 2005 and $642 in 2004

 

28,067

 

14,033

 

Inventory, less allowances

 

20,792

 

16,503

 

Deferred advertising costs

 

3,917

 

2,635

 

Deferred tax assets

 

3,627

 

4,026

 

Other current assets

 

4,838

 

1,324

 

Total current assets

 

76,269

 

48,960

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

9,428

 

7,857

 

Investments

 

6,822

 

7,865

 

Media library, net

 

38,339

 

10,884

 

Non-current deferred tax assets

 

7,282

 

2,657

 

Goodwill and other intangibles

 

17,541

 

9,757

 

Other assets

 

420

 

307

 

Total assets

 

$

156,101

 

$

88,287

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

25,843

 

$

12,910

 

Accrued liabilities

 

12,649

 

3,698

 

Other current liabilities

 

561

 

864

 

Total current liabilities

 

39,053

 

17,472

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term liabilities

 

1,663

 

 

Total liabilities

 

40,716

 

17,472

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minority interest

 

8,099

 

4,469

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Class A common stock, $.0001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 15,010,736 and 9,411,897 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively

 

1

 

1

 

Class B common stock, $.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 5,400,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2005 and 2004

 

1

 

1

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

95,840

 

54,933

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

264

 

850

 

Retained earnings

 

11,180

 

10,561

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

107,286

 

66,346

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

156,101

 

$

88,287

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

26



 

GAIAM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

 

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenue

 

$

142,492

 

$

96,657

 

$

102,000

 

Cost of goods sold

 

61,977

 

48,646

 

48,927

 

Gross profit

 

80,515

 

48,011

 

53,073

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling and operating

 

67,639

 

46,060

 

45,184

 

Corporate, general and administration

 

9,790

 

8,241

 

9,171

 

Total expenses

 

77,429

 

54,301

 

54,355

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

3,086

 

(6,290

)

(1,282

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

 

(533

)

(51

)

472

 

Interest income

 

358

 

160

 

74

 

Other income (expense)

 

(175

)

109

 

546

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest

 

2,911

 

(6,181

)

(736

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

974

 

(2,440

)

(461

)

Minority interest in net income of consolidated subsidiaries, net of income taxes

 

(601

)

(897

)

(697

)

Net income (loss)

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

Diluted

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

Shares used in computing net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

17,140

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

Diluted

 

17,354

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

27



 

 

GAIAM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

 

 

 

Class A
Common Stock

 

Class B
Common Stock

 

Additional
Paid-In

 

Deferred

 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive

 

Retained

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Capital

 

Compensation

 

Income

 

Earnings

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2002

 

9,134,098

 

$

1

 

5,400,000

 

$

1

 

$

53,342

 

$

(144

)

$

 

$

16,171

 

$

69,371

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in conjunction with acquisitions and compensation

 

68,958

 

 

 

 

489

 

72

 

 

 

561

 

Comprehensive loss:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(972

)

(972

)

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $144

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

525

 

 

525

 

Comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(447

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2003

 

9,203,056

 

1

 

5,400,000

 

1

 

53,831

 

(72

)

525

 

15,199

 

69,485

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in conjunction with acquisitions and compensation

 

208,841

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,102

 

72

 

 

 

1,174

 

Comprehensive loss:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,638

)

(4,638

)

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $75

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

325

 

 

325

 

Comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,313

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004

 

9,411,897

 

1

 

5,400,000

 

1

 

54,933

 

 

850

 

10,561

 

66,346

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in conjunction with acquisitions and compensation

 

5,598,839

 

 

 

 

40,907

 

 

 

 

40,907

 

Retained earnings adjustment to reflect Conscious Media as an equity investment from the date of initial investment through acquisition of a majority interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(717

)

(717

)

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,336

 

1,336

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $(155)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(586

)

 

(586

)

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

750

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

15,010,736

 

$

1

 

5,400,000

 

$

1

 

$

95,840

 

$

 

$

264

 

$

11,180

 

$

107,286

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

28



 

GAIAM, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In Thousands)

 

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

2,146

 

2,822

 

2,594

 

Amortization

 

2,555

 

2,077

 

1,644

 

Stock compensation

 

 

72

 

72

 

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

 

601 

 

897 

 

985

 

Non-cash loss on disposal of property and equipment

 

 

259

 

 

Non-cash loss from equity method investment

 

646

 

 

 

Non-cash gain on Gaiam.com stock redemption

 

 

(442

)

(866

)

Deferred tax expense

 

472

 

(564

)

95

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(11,066

)

2,622

 

5,919

 

Inventory

 

3,143

 

304

 

(574

)

Deferred advertising costs

 

(1,281

)

(986

)

769

 

Other current assets

 

(1,674

)

(30

)

(252

)

Other assets

 

(139

)

330

 

73

 

Accounts payable

 

11,399

 

192

 

(58

)

Accrued liabilities

 

(739

)

293

 

(1,845

)

Other current liabilities

 

(665

)

(83

)

(1,603

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

6,734

 

3,125

 

5,981

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of property, equipment, and media content

 

(1,589

)

(1,649

)

(5,130

)

Purchase of investments and stock rights

 

 

26

 

(115

)

Payments for acquisitions and investments

 

(38,804

)

 

(3,725

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(40,393

)

(1,623

)

(8,970

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal payments on capital leases

 

 

(55

)

(348

)

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

 

38,708

 

427

 

130

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

38,708

 

372

 

(218

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

 

(460

)

181

 

169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

4,589

 

2,055

 

(3,038

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

 

10,439

 

8,384

 

11,422

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

 

$

15,028

 

$

10,439

 

$

8,384

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

$

 

$

1

 

$

46

 

Income taxes paid

 

1,196

 

679

 

1,033

 

Common stock issued for acquisitions

 

2,150

 

539

 

348

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

29



 

GAIAM, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Organization

 

Gaiam, Inc. (“Gaiam”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Colorado on July 7, 1988. Gaiam is a multi-channel lifestyle company providing a broad selection of information, products and services to clients who value natural health, personal development, ecological lifestyles and responsible media.

 

Principle of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Gaiam and its subsidiaries in which Gaiam’s ownership is greater than 50% and the subsidiary is considered to be under Gaiam’s control. All material intercompany accounts and transaction balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposit accounts with financial institutions and all highly liquid investments, which mature within three months of date of purchase. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximate fair value.

 

Provision for Doubtful Accounts

 

Gaiam records a provision for doubtful accounts for all receivables not expected to be collected. Gaiam generally does not require collateral. Gaiam evaluates the collectibility of the accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. When we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations (e.g. bankruptcy filings), Gaiam records a specific reserve for bad debts against amounts due. For all other instances, Gaiam recognizes reserves based on historical experience and review of individual accounts outstanding.

 

Inventory

 

Inventory consists primarily of finished goods held for sale and is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Gaiam identifies its inventory items to write down for obsolescence based on the item’s current sales status and condition. If the item is discontinued or slow moving, it is written down based on an estimate of the markdown to retail price needed to sell through its current stock level. The reserve for obsolescence was $1.9 million in 2005 and $1.8 million in 2004.

 

Advertising Costs

 

Deferred advertising costs relate to the preparation, printing, advertising and distribution of infomercials and catalogs. Such costs are deferred for financial reporting purposes until the catalogs and infomercials are distributed and advertised, then amortized over succeeding periods on the basis of estimated sales. Seasonal catalogs are amortized within seven months, while the amortization period for annual catalogs does not exceed one year. Historical sales statistics are the principal factor used in estimating the amortization rate. Other advertising and promotional costs are expensed as incurred.

 

In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 01-9, Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products), Gaiam records sales discounts or other sales incentives as a reduction to revenues. Gaiam identifies and records as expense those cooperative advertising expenses paid by Gaiam, which are for advertisements meeting the separable benefit and fair value tests, as part of selling and operating expense.

 

30



 

Amounts recorded as advertising expense, including those related to Gaiam’s catalogs and infomercials were $17.6 million, $11.6 million and $13.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and are included in selling and operating expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization, which includes the amortization of assets recorded under capital leases. Included in property and equipment is the cost of internal-use software, including software used in connection with Gaiam’s websites. Gaiam expenses all costs related to the development of internal-use software other than those incurred during the application development stage in accordance with AICPA Statement of Position No. (“SOP”) 98-1, Accounting for Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the software (generally five years). Depreciation of property and equipment is computed on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives (generally five to ten years). Property and equipment purchased under capital leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term.

 

Investments

 

Investments in corporations over which Gaiam does not have the ability to exercise significant influence, and in which Gaiam has a less than twenty percent ownership interest, are accounted for under the cost method. Under the cost method of accounting, investments in private companies are carried at cost and are adjusted only for other-than-temporary declines in fair value. Investments in limited liability companies in which Gaiam does not have the ability to exercise significant influence or control, and in which it holds a five percent or more membership interest, are accounted for under the equity method. Under the equity method, Gaiam records its share of the income or losses of the investment by increasing or decreasing the carrying value of its investment and recording the income or expense through the consolidated statement of operations. Investments under the cost and equity methods are included on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet in “Investments.”

 

In 2002, Gaiam invested $7.8 million for a 15% voting interest in Conscious Media, Inc. (19% economic interest), a multimedia company. Prior to the end of 2005, Gaiam did not have significant influence over the management of Conscious Media, Inc. and accordingly accounted for the investment on a cost basis in all reported periods. On December 30, 2005, Gaiam acquired additional shares of Conscious Media, Inc. which brought Gaiam’s total ownership percentage to approximately 51%, and Gaiam’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2005 includes the consolidated balance sheet of Conscious Media. The results of operations of Conscious Media will be included in Gaiam’s statement of operations commencing in 2006. Please see Note 2 – Mergers and Acquistions.

 

In August 2005, Gaiam, entered into agreements with Revolution Living, LLC; its founder, Steve Case, and Revolution Living’s LIME Media (“LIME”) subsidiary. Under the terms of the Transaction Agreement, Gaiam acquired a minority interest in LIME for approximately $7.5 million. This investment was accounted for using the equity method, so Gaiam’s share of the losses sustained by LIME from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2005, totaling $646 thousand, have been reflected in Gaiam’s statement of operations for 2005, and the “Investments” line on the balance sheet has been reduced accordingly. Effective in January 2006, Gaiam reduced its ownership in LIME. Please see Note 11 – Subsequent Events.

 

Gaiam evaluates its long-lived assets, including investments, on at least an annual basis to test for impairment or valuation issues, and concluded that, as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, no indicators of impairment were present.

 

Media Library

 

The media library asset represents the cost of the library of produced videos acquired through business combinations, the purchase price of media rights to both video and audio titles, and the cost to produce media content. The media library is presented net of accumulated amortization of approximately $4.1 and

 

31



 

$2.5 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and it is being amortized over the estimated useful life of the titles, which range from five to fifteen years. Additionally, Gaiam estimates approximately $8 million in participation expenses, primarily royalties, on acquired and produced media content during 2006.

 

In accordance with SOP No. 00-2, Accounting by Producers or Distributors of Films, media library costs to produce media content consists of costs incurred to produce the media content, net of accumulated amortization. These costs, as well as participation costs, are recognized as operating expenses on an individual film basis in the ratio that the current year’s gross revenues bear to management’s estimate of total ultimate gross revenues from all sources to be earned over a seven year period. Capitalized production costs are stated at the lower of unamortized cost or estimated fair value on an individual film basis. Revenue forecasts are continually reviewed by management and revised when warranted by changing conditions. When estimates of total revenues and other events or changes in circumstances indicate that a film has a fair value that is less than its unamortized cost, an impairment loss is recognized in the current period for the amount by which the unamortized cost exceeds the film’s fair value.

 

During 2005, capitalized production costs for released films were approximately $312 thousand, and for those films not yet released was approximately $195 thousand. Additionally, as of December 31, 2005, Gaiam estimates that approximately $1.4 million or 28% of the unamortized costs for released films will be amortized during 2006, and approximately 70% of the unamortized costs for released films will be amortized within the next three years. Accumulated amortization for produced media content at December 31, 2005 and 2004 was approximately $6.8 million and $5.8 million, respectively. Amortization expense for produced media content for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $1 million, $1.4 million, and $1.2 million, respectively.

 

Amortization expense for acquired media rights for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $1.5 million, $687 thousand, and $492 thousand, respectively. Based upon the acquired and purchased media and audio titles and rights at December 31, 2005 the annual amortization expense for the next five years is expected to approximate $5 million per annum. Gaiam added $29 million in media assets from its acquisition of content and programming from GoodTimes Entertainment.

 

Based on the acquired and capitalized video production costs at December 31, 2005 and assuming no subsequent impairment of the underlying assets or a material increase in the video productions or media acquired, the amortization expense for the next five to fifteen years is expected to continue to be $3 to $5 million per annum.

 

Goodwill

 

Gaiam adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, effective January 1, 2002.

 

The standard requires that goodwill no longer be amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually. These tests will be performed more frequently if there is a triggering event indicating potential impairment. Prior to adoption of SFAS No. 142, goodwill was amortized on a straight-line basis over lives ranging from 10 to 20 years.

 

SFAS No. 142 prescribes a two-step method for determining goodwill impairment. In the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is determined using a comparable companies market multiple approach. If the net book value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then the second part of the impairment test would be completed. This involves an allocation of the reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, with any residual fair value being allocated to goodwill. The fair value of the goodwill is then compared to its carrying amount to determine impairment. An impairment charge will be recognized only when the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill is less than its carrying amount.

 

Gaiam completed its annual goodwill tests, using comparable company market multiples to establish the fair value of the reporting units, and found no goodwill impairment in either of its reporting units for 2005 and 2004.

 

32



 

Gaiam has allocated all of its goodwill balance of $17 million at December 31, 2005 to its two reporting units, business and direct to consumer, in the amounts of $11.3 million and $5.7 million, respectively. At December 31, 2004, Gaiam allocated goodwill in the amounts of $4.3 million and $5.5 million, respectively, to its business and direct to consumer reporting units. Goodwill is allocated to reporting units at the time of acquisition. The following table sets forth the changes in goodwill for the period December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2005 by business segment:

 

Goodwill (in thousands)

 

Direct to
Consumer
Segment

 

Business
Segment

 

Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2003

 

$

5,477

 

$

4,032

 

$

9,509

 

Foreign currency rate change

 

 

247

 

247

 

Balance at December 31, 2004

 

5,477

 

4,279

 

9,756

 

Additions

 

231

 

7,759

 

7,990

 

Foreign currency rate change

 

 

 

(351

)

(351

)

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

$

5,708

 

$

11,687

 

$

17,395

 

 

Long-Lived Assets

 

Gaiam evaluates impairment of its long-lived assets, other than goodwill, in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The carrying value of long-lived assets held and used, other than goodwill, is evaluated when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair market value of the long-lived asset. Estimated fair market value is determined primarily using the projected cash flows from the asset discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets held for sale, other than goodwill, are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for disposal costs.

 

Income Taxes

 

Gaiam provides for income taxes pursuant to the liability method as prescribed in SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. The liability method requires recognition of deferred income taxes based on temporary differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, using currently enacted income tax rates and regulations.

 

Revenues

 

Revenue from the sale of products is recognized at the time merchandise is shipped to the customer. Revenue for services provided, such as design consultation for solar installations, is recognized when services are rendered. Licensing revenue is recognized upon delivery of the media licensed. Amounts billed to customers for postage and handling charges, which were approximately $7.6 million for 2005, $4 million for 2004, and $4.1 million for 2003 are recognized as revenue at the time that the revenues arising from the product being shipped are recognized. Postage and handling costs, which were approximately $8.3 million for 2005, $4.4 million for 2004, and $3.6 million for 2003, are included in selling and operating expense along with other fulfillment costs incurred to warehouse, package and deliver products to customers. Gaiam provides a reserve for expected future returns at the time the sale is recorded based upon historical experience and future expectations.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of Gaiam’s financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents and trade receivables and payables, approximate their fair values.

 

33



 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes including the valuation of stated accounts receivable and inventory balances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

Gaiam accounts for its stock-based compensation arrangements under the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”) and related interpretations, including FASB Interpretation No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation, rather than the alternative fair value accounting allowed by SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation. Accordingly, no compensation expense is recognized in Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements in connection with stock options granted to employees with exercise prices not less than fair value. Deferred compensation for options granted to employees is determined as the difference between the deemed fair market value of Gaiam’s common stock on the date options were granted and the exercise price. For purposes of this pro-forma disclosure, the estimated fair value of options is assumed to be amortized to expense over the options’ vesting periods.

 

Compensation expense for options granted to non-employees has been determined in accordance with SFAS No. 123 as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measured. Compensation expense for options granted to non-employees is periodically re-measured as the underlying options vest (in thousands, except per share data).

 

 

 

For the Years Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Net income (loss) as reported

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

Add: Stock-based compensation expense included in reported net income (loss), net of related tax effects

 

 

72

 

72

 

Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expenses determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

 

(398

)

(611

)

(161

)

Pro forma

 

$

938

 

$

(5,177

)

$

(1,061

)

Net income (loss) per common share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

Pro forma

 

$

0.06

 

$

(0.35

)

$

(0.07

)

Fully diluted net income (loss) per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

Pro forma

 

$

0.05

 

$

(0.35

)

$

(0.07

)

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

SFAS No. 123R

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123R”). SFAS No. 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values, beginning with the first interim or annual period after December 15, 2005, with early adoption encouraged. SFAS No. 123R will require then outstanding options vesting after the date of initial adoption to be recognized as a charge to operations over the remaining vesting period.

 

34



 

We are required to adopt SFAS 123R beginning January 1, 2006. Under SFAS 123R, we must determine the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing share-based payments, the amortization method for compensation cost and the transition method to be used at the date of adoption. The transition alternatives include modified prospective and modified retroactive adoption methods. Under the modified retroactive method, prior periods may be restated either as of the beginning of the year of adoption or for all periods presented. The modified prospective method requires that compensation expense be recorded for all unvested stock options and share awards at the beginning of the first quarter of adoption of SFAS 123R, while the modified retroactive methods would record compensation expense for all unvested stock options and share awards beginning in the first period restated. Although we are continuing to evaluate the requirements of SFAS 123R, we have determined that we will use the modified prospective method to adopt SFAS 123R. We have not completed our assessment of the impact of SFAS 123R; however, we believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 123R could have a material impact on our results of operations.

 

SFAS No. 154

In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections – a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3 (“SFAS 154”). This Statement replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements, and changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. This Statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle. It also applies to changes required by an accounting pronouncement in the unusual instance that the pronouncement does not include specific transition provisions. When a pronouncement includes specific transition provisions, those provisions should be followed. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections or error made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. Consequently, Gaiam will adopt the provisions of SFAS 154 for its fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2006. Management currently believes that adoption of the provisions of SFAS 154 will not have a material impact on Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements.

 

SFAS No. 155

On February 16, 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140 (SFAS 155). SFAS 155 allows financial instruments that have embedded derivatives that otherwise would require bifurcation from the host to be accounted for as a whole, if the holder irrevocably elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. Subsequent changes in the fair value of the instrument would be recognized in earnings. The standard also (i) clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133; (ii) establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to determine whether interests are freestanding derivatives or are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation; (iii) clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives; and (iv) eliminates the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest (that is itself a derivative financial instrument). SFAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. Earlier adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year, provided the entity has not yet issued financial statements, including financial statements for any interim period for that fiscal year. Gaiam will adopt SFAS 155 in its fiscal year commencing January 1, 2007. Management does not believe that SFAS 155 will have a material impact on Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Defined Contribution Plan

 

In 1999, Gaiam adopted a defined contribution retirement plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, which covers substantially all employees. Eligible employees may contribute amounts to the plan, via payroll withholding, subject to certain limitations. The 401(k) plan permits, but does not require, additional matching contributions to the 401(k) plan by Gaiam on behalf of all participants in the 401(k) plan. To date, Gaiam has not made any matching contributions to the 401(k) plan.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

Our foreign subsidiaries use their local currency as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense accounts are translated at the average monthly exchange rates during the year. Resulting translation

 

35



 

adjustments, net of income taxes, are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

Comprehensive Loss

 

SFAS No. 130, Reporting on Comprehensive Income establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in the consolidated financial statements. Comprehensive income includes all changes in equity during a period from non-owner sources. These include foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income taxes.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentations.

 

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

 

Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants and dilutive securities. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares of 119 thousand and 102 thousand are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for 2004 and 2003, respectively, because their effect is antidilutive.

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

 

 

For the Years Ended December 31,

 

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator for basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares for basic earnings (loss) per share

 

17,140

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of dilutive securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average of common stock, stock options, and warrants

 

214

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominators for diluted earnings (loss) per share

 

17,354

 

14,684

 

14,594

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share—basic

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

Net income (loss) per share—diluted

 

$

0.08

 

$

(0.32

)

$

(0.07

)

 

2.             Mergers and Acquisitions

 

Results from operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements of Gaiam from the effective acquisition dates.

 

On January 20, 2003, Gaiam acquired a 50.1% interest in Leisure Systems International (“LSI”) Ltd., a U.K. based distributor and marketer of lifestyle products. The total purchase price consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

Cash

 

$

4,301

 

Gaiam Class A common stock – 50,000 shares

 

348

 

Acquisition, legal and accounting costs

 

393

 

Total purchase price

 

$

5,042

 

 

36



 

At the acquisition date, LSI met the accounting criteria to be considered a business combination as outlined in SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. Accordingly, Gaiam recorded the excess purchase price over the already allocated fair value of net assets acquired and intangible assets as goodwill. The fair value assigned to intangible assets acquired was determined through established valuation techniques.

 

The following is a summary of the purchase price allocation (in thousands):

 

Tangible assets less liabilities

 

$

2,122

 

Intangible assets

 

50

 

Goodwill

 

2,870

 

Total purchase price

 

$

5,042

 

 

The purchase price was based upon an adjusted multiple of the earnings of LSI and factored in the identifiable, tangible assets of LSI. As Gaiam’s costs to start a U.K. distribution company of its own, both capital expenditures and working capital, and the loss of income produced by LSI, would have significantly exceeded the goodwill incurred in this purchase transaction. The results of operations of LSI are included in the consolidated financial statements of Gaiam from the effective acquisition date of January 1, 2003, and, in 2005, LSI changed its name to Gaiam Limited.

 

In the third quarter of 2005, Gaiam acquired a media catalog business and its customer mailing list. The total consideration given for these assets was 60,000 shares of Class A common stock, valued at $390 thousand. The customer mailing list was valued at approximately $160 thousand, and the balance of the purchase price was allocated to goodwill. Management believes that this media catalog, which is already established in the marketplace, will augment our Internet marketing in the direct to consumer distribution of our own media titles and those purchased as part of the GoodTimes Entertainment asset acquisition. The operating results of this catalog are included in the results of operations from August 1, 2005. These results are no significant to the overall consolidated Gaiam operations.

 

In August 2005, Gaiam, entered into agreements with Revolution Living, LLC; its founder, Steve Case, and Revolution Living’s LIME Media (“LIME”) subsidiary. Under the terms of the Transaction Agreement, Gaiam acquired a minority interest in LIME for approximately $7.5 million. This investment was accounted for using the equity method, so Gaiam’s share of the losses sustained by LIME from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2005, totaling $646 thousand, have been reflected in Gaiam’s statement of operations for 2005, and the “Investments” line on the balance sheet has been reduced accordingly. Effective in January 2006, Gaiam reduced its ownership in LIME. Please see Note 11 – Subsequent Events.

 

In September 2005, Gaiam acquired the majority of the assets held by GoodTimes Entertainment and certain of its affiliates. GoodTimes Entertainment’s assets included entertainment programming and home video products distributed through various channels, including television, retailers and the Internet. The total purchase price consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

Cash

 

$

34,405

 

Acquisition, legal and accounting costs

 

621

 

Total purchase price

 

$

35,026

 

 

Of the total purchase price, Gaiam allocated $29,087 to the acquired media titles and content, $13,241 to the tangible assets purchased, and recorded $7,302 in assumed liabilities. This allocation of the total purchase price of the assets acquired from GoodTimes Entertainment was based on their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Adjustments to these estimates will be included in the allocation of the purchase price, if the adjustment is determined within the purchase price allocation period of up to twelve months.

 

Gaiam commenced distribution of titles and content acquired in this asset purchase on September 13, 2005, and the results of sales in both the direct to consumer and business segments are included in the consolidated financial statements of Gaiam from this date.

 

37



 

In October 2005, Gaiam acquired a majority interest in a distribution company specializing in placing wellness media products in the grocery and drugstore channels for an approximately $750 thousand cash contribution to the company. Gaiam allocated the purchase price to the net tangible assets, and, as the company had negative net worth, Gaiam recorded $869 thousand in goodwill. Management feels that the company’s expertise in product placement in these under-penetrated channels more than compensates for the goodwill recorded.

 

On December 30, 2005, Gaiam increased its ownership percentage in Conscious Media, Inc., a multimedia company, to 51% for an additional investment of $3.5 million. Gaiam acquired shares directly from the Company for its $1.5 million in notes receivable and issued 146,667 shares of Gaiam Class A common stock and promissory notes totaling $240 thousand to certain Conscious Media shareholders. (One of these shareholders, a non-profit corporation, who had received their shares as a contribution prior to Gaiam’s original investment, sold their shares to Gaiam at a discount). Gaiam has recorded a reduction to retained earnings and its investment of $717 thousand to reflect its share of the results from operations of Conscious Media from the date of its original investment in 2002 to the end of 2005, when Gaiam acquired a majority interest. Gaiam valued the net tangible assets of Conscious Media at December 30, 2005, recorded the portion assignable to minority interest and recorded $6.9 million in goodwill. Management believes that Conscious Media’s expertise in media programming, development and post production will complement Gaiam’s current businesses and future growth, at a cost less than Gaiam could develop on its own. The results of operations of Conscious Media will be included in Gaiam’s statement of operations commencing in 2006 and their consolidated balance sheet has been consolidated into Gaiam’s balance sheet at December 31, 2005.

 

3. Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment, stated at cost, consists of the following as of December 31:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Land

 

$

3,100

 

$

3,100

 

Buildings

 

1,545

 

1,545

 

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

 

4,670

 

4,553

 

Leasehold improvements

 

1,321

 

1,239

 

Website development costs

 

4,094

 

3,761

 

Studio, computer and telephone equipment

 

10,890

 

5,546

 

Vehicles

 

636

 

638

 

Warehouse equipment

 

1,462

 

779

 

 

 

27,718

 

21,161

 

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(18,290

)

(13,304

)

 

 

$

9,428

 

$

7,857

 

 

4. Leases

 

Gaiam leases office, retail, and warehouse space through operating leases. Gaiam has renewal clauses in some of these leases, which range from 1 to 10 years. The following schedule represents the annual future minimum payments, as of December 31, 2005 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Operating

 

2006

 

$

2,861

 

2007

 

2,615

 

2008

 

947

 

2009

 

187

 

2010

 

161

 

2011

 

139

 

2012

 

120

 

Total minimum lease payments

 

$

7,030

 

 

38



 

Gaiam incurred rent expense of $2.7 million, $2 million and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

5. Accrued Liabilities

 

Accrued liabilities consist of the following as of December 31:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Accrued royalties

 

$

6,596

 

$

538

 

Deferred funding obligation – LIME investment

 

2,078

 

 

Accrued compensation

 

1,395

 

599

 

Other accrued liabilities

 

2,580

 

2,561

 

 

 

$

12,649

 

$

3,698

 

 

6. Line of Credit

 

Gaiam is party to a revolving line of credit agreement with a financial institution, which expires during 2007. The credit agreement permits borrowings up to the lesser of $15 million or Gaiam’s borrowing base which is calculated based upon the collateral value of Gaiam’s accounts receivable, inventory, and certain property and equipment. Borrowings under this agreement bear interest at the lower of prime rate less 50 basis points or LIBO plus 275 basis points. Borrowings are secured by a pledge of Gaiam’s cash and investments held at the financial institution, accounts receivable, inventory and certain property and equipment. The credit agreement contains various financial covenants, including covenants prohibiting the payment of cash dividends to Gaiam’s shareholders and requiring the maintenance of certain financial ratios. At December 31, 2005, Gaiam had no amounts outstanding under this agreement, and was in compliance with all the financial covenants.

 

7. Income Taxes

 

Gaiam’s provision for income taxes is comprised of the following:

 

 

 

 

For the Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

346

 

$

(2,157

)

$

(686

)

State

 

48

 

(381

)

(122

)

International

 

301

 

662

 

512

 

 

 

695

 

(1,876

)

(296

)

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

232

 

(482

)

(142

)

State

 

47

 

(82

)

(23

)

 

 

279

 

(564

)

(165

)

Total

 

$

974

 

$

(2,440

)

$

(461

)

 

Variations from the federal statutory rate are as follows:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Expected federal income tax expense at statutory rate of 34%

 

$

978

 

$

(2,079

)

$

(262

)

Effect of permanent differences

 

30

 

28

 

44

 

State income tax expense, net of federal benefit and utilization of net operating loss

 

66

 

(301

)

(91

)

Effect of differences between U.S. taxation and foreign taxation

 

(100

)

(88

)

(153

)

Other

 

 

 

1

 

Income tax expense

 

$

974

 

$

(2,440

)

$

(461

)

 

Deferred income taxes reflect net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  The

 

39



 

components of the net accumulated deferred income tax asset as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 are as follows:

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Deferred tax assets (liabilities):

 

 

 

 

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for doubtful accounts

 

$

130

 

$

217

 

Inventory-related expense   

 

560

 

653

 

Accrued liabilities

 

1,090

 

792

 

Prepaid and deferred catalog costs

 

(900

)

(533

)

Net operating loss carryback

 

2,746

 

2,881

 

Other

 

 

16

 

Total current deferred tax assets

 

$

3,627

 

$

4,026

 

Non-current:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

(267

)

(260

)

Net operating loss carryforward

 

7,613

 

3,136

 

Foreign exchange rate gain

 

(64

)

(219

)

Total non-current deferred tax assets

 

$

7,282

 

$

2,657

 

Total net deferred tax assets

 

$

10,909

 

$

5,538

 

 

At December 31, 2005, no provision had been made for U.S. federal and state income taxes on approximately $2 million of undistributed foreign earnings, which are expected to be reinvested outside of the U.S. indefinitely. Upon distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise, Gaiam would be subject to U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits), state income taxes, and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability is not practicable because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation. Gaiam’s foreign subsidiaries generated income before minority interest and income taxes of approximately $1.2 million, $2.1 million and $2.0 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

At December 31, 2005 Gaiam had net operating loss (NOL) carry forwards of approximately $19.6 million associated with acquisitions completed in 2001, 2002 and 2005, which may be used to offset future taxable income. These carryforwards expire beginning in 2019. The Internal Revenue Service Code contains provisions that limit the NOL available for use in any given year upon the occurrence of certain events, including significant changes in ownership interest. A change in ownership of a company of greater than 50% within a three-year period results in an annual limitation on the utilization of NOL carryforwards from tax periods prior to the ownership changes. Gaiam’s NOL carryforwards as of December 31, 2005 are subject to annual limitations due to changes in ownership.

 

Gaiam expects the deferred tax assets at December 31, 2005 to be fully recoverable and the deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2005 to be fully satisfied through the reversal of taxable temporary differences in future years as a result of normal business activities. Accordingly, no valuation allowances for deferred tax items were considered necessary as of December 31, 2005 or 2004.

 

8. Stockholders’ Equity

 

In 2003, Gaiam issued 50,000 shares of Class A common stock in conjunction with the acquisition of 50.1% of Leisure Systems International Ltd. and 3,750 shares of Class A common stock to Gaiam’s independent directors in lieu of cash compensation for services rendered in 2002. In addition, Gaiam issued 15,208 shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of options granted under the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

 

In 2004, Gaiam issued 97,590 shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of options granted under the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan, and 11,251 shares of Class A common stock to Gaiam’s independent directors in lieu of cash compensation for services rendered in 2003.

 

In 2005, Gaiam issued a total of 8,221 shares of Class A common stock to Gaiam’s independent directors, in lieu of cash compensation, for services rendered in 2004, and issued 62,634 shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of options granted under Gaiam’s 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan. On July 7, 2005, Gaiam issued and sold 2,821,317 shares of unregistered Class A common

 

40



 

stock for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $18.7 million to certain funds advised by Prentice Capital Management, LP. These shares contain certain registration rights. On August 22, 2005, Gaiam issued and sold 2,500,000 shares of unregistered Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $20 million to Revolution Living, LLC. Additionally, Gaiam issued 60,000 shares of Class A common stock as purchase consideration for a media catalog business and issued 146,667 shares of Class A common stock to purchase shares of Conscious Media, Inc.

 

As of December 31, 2005, Gaiam had the following Class A common shares reserved for future issuance:

 

Conversion of Class B common shares

 

5,400,000

 

Awards under the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan

 

 

 

Stock options outstanding

 

1,566,600

 

Shares reserved for issuance to directors in lieu of cash compensation for 2005 services rendered

 

8,221

 

Total shares reserved for future issuance

 

6,974,821

 

 

Each holder of shares of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to ten votes on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. There are no cumulative voting rights. All holders of shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock vote as a single group on all matters that are submitted to the shareholders for a vote. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the votes of the shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors who stand for election. As a result of voting rights described above, the holder of the Class B common stock has effective control of Gaiam. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, all Class B common stock was held by the Chief Executive Officer of Gaiam.

 

Shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock are entitled to equal dividends, if any, as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of legally available funds. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Gaiam, the shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock would be entitled to share ratably in Gaiam’s assets remaining after the payment of all of Gaiam’s debts and other liabilities. Holders of shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock have no preemptive, subscription or redemption rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The outstanding shares of Class A common stock and shares of Class B common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

 

The Class B common stock may not be transferred unless converted into shares of Class A common stock, other than certain transfers to affiliates, family members, and charitable organizations. The shares of Class B common stock are convertible one-for-one into shares of Class A common stock, at the option of the holder of the shares of Class B common stock.

 

9. Stock Option Plans

 

On June 1, 1999, Gaiam adopted its 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“the Plan”), which provides for the granting of options to purchase up to 2.1 million shares of Gaiam’s common stock. Both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options may be issued under the provisions of the Plan. Employees of Gaiam and its affiliates, members of the Board of Directors, consultants and certain key advisors are eligible to participate in the plan, which terminates no later than June 1, 2009. Options granted under the Plan generally vest and become exercisable at 2% per month for the 50 months beginning in the eleventh month after date of grant. Grants generally expire seven years from the date of grant.

 

Gaiam’s compensation expense was $72 thousand in each of 2004 and 2003. In 2000, deferred compensation was recorded in connection with acquisitions made by Gaiam in which options were issued to employees of an acquired company; options issued to employees whereby the grant price differed from the deemed fair value of Gaiam’s common stock; and options issued to non-employees for services to be provided over the related terms of their respective agreements.

 

41



 

In calculating deferred compensation for each equity award granted to non-employees, Gaiam used the Black Scholes option pricing model, with the following weighted-average assumptions used for grants in 2005, 2004 and 2003:  risk-free interest rates ranging from 2.26% to 4.39%; expected dividend yield of zero; expected option lives of 5 years, and expected volatility of 0.42, 0.69 and 0.70, respectively. The amortization of deferred compensation is charged to operations over the vesting period of the options, which is typically 5 years. Total amortization expense recognized in 2004 and 2003 related to deferred compensation was $72 thousand in each year.

 

A summary of stock option activity and weighted average exercise prices for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 follows:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise

 

 

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise

 

 

 

Shares

 

Price

 

Shares

 

Price

 

Outstanding at beginning of year

 

1,566,600

 

$

7.57

 

1,704,680

 

$

7.52

 

Granted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Price equal to fair value

 

206,500

 

$

9.88

 

38,000

 

$

6.23

 

Exercised

 

(62,634

)

$

5.60

 

(97,590

)

$

6.34

 

Forfeited

 

(205,902

)

$

8.98

 

(78,490

)

$

5.95

 

Outstanding at end of year

 

1,504,564

 

$

7.74

 

1,566,600

 

$

7.57

 

Exercisable at end of year

 

1,071,714

 

$

7.91

 

917,080

 

$

7.47

 

Shares available on December 31, for options that may be granted

 

307,792

 

 

 

 

315,532

 

 

 

 

 

A summary of stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2005 follows:

 

Outstanding Stock Options

 

Exercisable Stock Options

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

Weighted

 

 

 

Weighted

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

 

Range of

 

Shares

 

Remaining

 

Exercise

 

 

 

Exercise

 

Exercise Prices

 

Outstanding

 

Life (Years)

 

Price

 

Shares

 

Price

 

$

4.00 - $4.99

 

445,164

 

0.5

 

$

4.38

 

442,464

 

$

4.38

 

$

5.00 - $5.99

 

431,220

 

4.1

 

$

5.27

 

188,800

 

$

5.19

 

$

6.00 - $6.99

 

29,800

 

5.4

 

$

6.63

 

9,570

 

$

6.60

 

$

9.00 - $9.99

 

3,500

 

3.6

 

$

9.75

 

3,500

 

$

9.75

 

$

10.00 - $10.99

 

361,100

 

4.5

 

$

10.21

 

196,100

 

$

10.21

 

$

12.00 - $12.99

 

30,000

 

2.2

 

$

12.38

 

30,000

 

$

12.38

 

$

13.00 - $13.99

 

2,500

 

6.9

 

$

13.37

 

0

 

$

0.00

 

$

14.00 - $14.99

 

5,000

 

3.5

 

$

14.81

 

5,000

 

$

14.81

 

$

15.00 - $15.99

 

187,280

 

2.5

 

$

15.31

 

187,280

 

$

15.31

 

$

16.00 - $16.99

 

7,000

 

1.8

 

$

16.35

 

7,000

 

$

16.35

 

$

17.00 - $17.99

 

2,000

 

1.6

 

$

17.18

 

2,000

 

$

17.18

 

 

 

1,504,564

 

2.9

 

$

7.74

 

1,071,714

 

$

7.91

 

 

In estimating the pro forma compensation expense for each equity award granted during the year, Gaiam used the Black Scholes option pricing model, with the following weighted-average assumptions used for grants in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively:  risk-free interest rates ranging from 2.26% and 4.39%, expected dividend yield of zero; expected option lives of 5 years, and expected volatility of 0.42, 0.69 and 0.70, respectively.

 

42



 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Weighted-average fair value of options
granted during the year:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Price equal to fair value

 

$

4.37

 

$

3.48

 

$

3.21

 

Price less than fair value

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

Option valuation models such as the minimum value and Black-Scholes methods described above require the input of highly subjective assumptions. Because Gaiam’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.

 

10. Segment and Geographic Information

 

Gaiam manages its business and aggregates its operational and financial information in accordance with two reportable segments. The direct to consumer segment contains the catalog and Internet sales channels, while the business segment comprises the retailers, media and corporate account channels.

 

Although Gaiam is able to track revenues by sales channel, the management, allocation of resources and analysis and reporting of expenses is solely on a combined basis, at the reportable segment level.

 

Contribution margin is defined as net sales, less cost of goods sold and direct expenses. Financial information for Gaiam’s business segments was as follows (in thousands):

 

Segment Information

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Net revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct to consumer

 

$

72,337

 

$

52,428

 

$

50,457

 

Business

 

70,155

 

44,229

 

51,543

 

Consolidated net revenue

 

142,492

 

96,657

 

102,000

 

Contribution margin:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct to consumer

 

(781

)

(82

)

594

 

Business

 

3,867

 

(6,208

)

(1,876

)

Consolidated contribution margin

 

3,086

 

(6,290

)

(1,282

)

Reconciliation of contribution margin to net income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

 

(175

)

109

 

546

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

974

 

(2,440

)

(461

)

Minority interest in net income of consolidated subsidiary, net of income taxes

 

(601

)

(897

)

(697

)

Net income (loss)

 

$

1,336

 

$

(4,638

)

$

(972

)

 

Long-lived assets

 

The direct to consumer segment had allocated long-lived assets of $11.2 million, $6.0 million, and $6.8 million at December 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. The business segment had allocated long-lived assets of $36.8 million, $13.0 million, and $16.2 million at December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The following represents the composition of long-lived assets:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Long-lived assets (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

$

9,428

 

$

7,857

 

$

10,313

 

Media library, net

 

38,339

 

10,884

 

12,178

 

Other assets (1)

 

282

 

205

 

456

 

Total long-lived assets

 

$

48,049

 

$

18,946

 

$

22,947

 

 


(1) Excludes security deposits of $138, $102, and $200 for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

43



 

Major Customer

 

Sales to our largest customer for 2005, 2004 and 2003 accounted for approximately 12.1%, 13.2% and 10.9% of total revenue, respectively, during these periods.

 

Geographic Information

 

Gaiam has three major geographic territories where it sells and distributes essentially the same products. The geographic territories are the U.S., Canada and the United Kingdom. The following represents geographical data for Gaiam’s operations:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canada

 

$

801

 

$

450

 

$

2,201

 

United Kingdaom

 

13,657

 

16,815

 

14,484

 

United States

 

128,034

 

79,392

 

85,315

 

 

 

$

142,492

 

$

96,657

 

$

102,000

 

 

Long-Lived Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Netherlands

 

$

740

 

$

801

 

$

863

 

United Kingdom

 

989

 

1,028

 

1,710

 

United States

 

44,879

 

17,014

 

20,374

 

 

 

$

46,608

 

$

18,843

 

$

22,947

 

 

10.  Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)

 

The following is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands, except for per share data):

 

 

 

Fiscal 2005

 

 

 

First

 

Second

 

Third

 

Fourth

 

 

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenue

 

$

26,324

 

$

21,706

 

$

30,139

 

$

64,322

 

Gross profit

 

13,749

 

10,557

 

16,713

 

39,496

 

Operating income (loss)

 

287

 

(1,271

)

878

 

3,193

 

Net income (loss)

 

116

 

(766

)

505

 

1,481

 

Diluted net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.01

 

$

(0.05

)

$

0.03

 

$

0.07

 

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

 

14,820

 

14,820

 

18,892

 

20,595

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fiscal 2004

 

 

 

First

 

Second

 

Third

 

Fourth

 

 

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

Quarter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenue

 

$

23,775

 

$

17,031

 

$

21,023

 

$

34,828

 

Gross profit

 

12,676

 

8,540

 

9,827

 

16,968

 

Operating income (loss)

 

(329

)

(3,634

)

(2,324

)

(3

)

Net income (loss)

 

(329

)

(2,215

)

(1,530

)

(564

)

Diluted net income (loss) per share

 

$

(0.02

)

$

(0.15

)

$

(0.10

)

$

(0.04

)

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

 

14,615

 

14,686

 

14,712

 

14,723

 

 

Note:      The aggregate of certain of the above amounts differs from that reported for the full fiscal year due to the effects of rounding.

 

11.  Subsequent Events

 

Gaiam has entered into an agreement with Alps Communications LLC and Life Balance Media Holdings LLC, effective January 5, 2006, to sell 19,968 Series A Preferred Units of LIME. The

 

44



 

purchase price per unit was equal to the amount of Gaiam paid for its investment. Alps Communications assumed all unpaid Series A Capital Contribution commitments from Gaiam and executed a promissory note in the principal amount of $2,250,000. After the closing of this transaction, Gaiam owns 4,876 units, or less than 4%, of LIME.

 

Financial Statement Schedule II

 

Gaiam, Inc.

Schedule II - Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Years Ended December 31,  2005, 2004 and 2003

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Balance at
beginning of Year

 

Additions Charged to
costs and expenses

 

Deductions

 

Balance at end
of Year (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

$

642

 

$

945

 

$

826

 

$

761

 

2004

 

$

801

 

$

892

 

$

1,051

 

$

642

 

2003

 

$

854

 

$

1,157

 

$

1,210

 

$

801

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reserve for Sales Returns:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

$

1,814

 

$

6,159

 

$

1,935

 

$

6,038

 

2004

 

$

1,133

 

$

1,153

 

$

472

 

$

1,814

 

2003

 

$

931

 

$

608

 

$

406

 

$

1,133

 

 


(1) Includes reserves associated with acquired assets/companies

 

Item 9.             Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 9A.          Controls and Procedures.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Gaiam’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Gaiam’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based upon their evaluation as of December 31, 2005, they have concluded that those disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have been no changes in Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2005 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

The management of Gaiam is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future

 

45



 

periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Gaiam’s management assessed the effectiveness of Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005. In making the assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework.”  Based on that assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2005, Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

 

Gaiam’s assessment of the effectiveness of Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman PC, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included herein.

 

Item 9B.          Other Information

 

Not applicable.

 

Part III

 

Item 10.           Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to Gaiam’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on June 22, 2006, to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 

Code of Ethics

 

We have adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to our employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and persons performing similar functions. We have posted a copy of our Code of Ethics on the corporate section of our Internet website at www.gaiam.com/corporate. Any waivers of the Code of Ethics must be approved, in advance, by our full Board of Directors. Any amendments or waivers from the Code of Ethics that apply to our executive officers and directors will be posted on the “Code of Ethics” section of our Internet website located at www.gaiam.com/corporate.

 

Item 11.           Executive Compensation

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to Gaiam’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on June 22, 2006, to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 

Item 12.           Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to Gaiam’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 22, 2006, to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 

Item 13.           Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to Gaiam’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 22, 2006, to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 

Item 14.           Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to Gaiam’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 22, 2006, to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.

 

46



 

PART IV

 

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

(A)

Documents filed as part of this report are as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

1.

Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

 

 

 

See listing of Consolidated Financial Statements included as part of this Form 10-K in Item 8 of Part II.

 

 

 

 

 

2.

Financial Statement Schedules.

 

 

 

 

 

Schedule II Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Exhibits:

 

 

 

 

 

The following exhibits are incorporated by reference or are filed or furnished with this report as indicated below:

 

 

Exhibit No.

 

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.1

 

 

Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Gaiam, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Gaiam’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-83283)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.2

 

 

Bylaws of Gaiam, Inc. (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.1

 

 

Form of Gaiam, Inc. Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Gaiam’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-83283)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.1

 

 

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated July 29, 2005 between Gaiam, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 of Gaiam’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.2

 

 

Gaiam, Inc. 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.3

 

 

Lease, dated December 16, 1999, between Gaiam, Inc. and Duke-Weeks Realty Limited Partnership (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Gaiam’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (No. 333-50560)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.4

 

 

First Lease Amendment, dated March 1, 2000, between Gaiam, Inc. and Duke-Weeks Realty Limited Partnership (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4 of Gaiam’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.5

 

 

Second Lease Amendment, dated October 5, 2005, between Gaiam, Inc. and Duke-Weeks Realty (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.6

 

 

Lease Amendment, dated October 5, 2005, between Gaiam, Inc. and Dugan Realty (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.7

 

 

Class A Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2005, as amended and restated June 16, 2005, among Gaiam, Inc. and the purchasers set for on the signature pages to the Agreement (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated June 10, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.8

 

 

Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 8, 2005, among Gaiam, Inc., GT Brands LLC, GT Merchandising & Licensing LLC, Gym Time, LLC, BSBP Productions LLC, and GoodTimes Entertainment LLC (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated July 7, 2005), as amended by Amendment dated as of September 8, 2005 among Gaiam, Inc., GT Brands LLC, GT Merchandising & Licensing LLC, Gym Time, LLC, BSBP Productions LLC, and GoodTimes Entertainment LLC (incorporated by

 

47



 

 

 

 

 

reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated September 13, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.9

 

 

Transaction Agreement dated as of August 4, 2005 among Gaiam, Inc., Revolution Living, LLC and Life Balance Media Holdings, LLC (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.10

 

 

Shareholders Agreement dated as of August 4, 2005 among Gaiam, Inc., Jirka Rysavy, Revolution Living, LLC, and Stephen M. Case (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.11

 

 

Form of Employment Agreement between Gaiam, Inc. and Jirka Rysavy (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.12

 

 

Form of Employment Agreement between Gaiam, Inc. and Lynn Powers (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.13

 

 

Insurance and Stock Redemption Agreement dated as of August 4, 2005 between Gaiam, Inc. and Jirka Rysavy (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.14

 

 

Gaiam, Inc. Executive Officer Salaries (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.6 of Gaiam's current report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2005, and additional disclosure filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.15

 

 

Gaiam, Inc. Nonemployee Director Compensation (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.16

 

 

Form of Stock Option Agreement under Gaiam’s 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of Gaiam’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005).

 

 

 

 

 

 

21.1

 

 

List of Gaiam Subsidiaries (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

23.1

 

 

Consent letter from Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

23.2

 

 

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.1

 

 

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.2

 

 

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.1

 

 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.2

 

 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

 

48



 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Broomfield, State of Colorado, on this 13th day of March, 2006.

 

 

GAIAM, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jirka Rysavy

 

 

 

Jirka Rysavy

 

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

/s/ Jirka Rysavy

 

Chairman of the Board and

March 13, 2006

Jirka Rysavy

Chief Executive Officer

 

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

 

 

/s/ Lynn Powers

 

President, Secretary and

March 13, 2006

Lynn Powers

Director

 

 

 

 

/s/ James Argyropoulos

 

Director

March 13, 2006

James Argyropoulos

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Barnet M. Feinblum

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Barnet M. Feinblum

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Barbara Mowry

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Barbara Mowry

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Ted Nark

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Ted Nark

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Paul H. Ray

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Paul H. Ray

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Janet Mathews

 

Chief Financial Officer

March 13, 2006

Janet Mathews

(Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

 

 

/s/ Michael Frazho

 

Controller

March 13, 2006

Michael Frazho

(Principal Accounting Officer)

 

 

49