United States
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

x        QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007

OR

o        TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 0-27517

GAIAM, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

COLORADO		84-1113527
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

 

 

(303) 222-3600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  YES  x    NO  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer  o

Accelerated Filer  x

Non-Accelerated Filer  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  YES  o   NO  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Class		Outstanding at November 6, 2007
Class A Common Stock ($.0001 par value)		19,386,043
Class B Common Stock ($.0001 par value)		5,400,000

 

 

 

GAIAM, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited):
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
	Notes to Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.	Risk Factors
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Item 4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Item 5.	Other Information
Item 6.	Exhibits
	SIGNATURES

 

2

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. When used in discussion, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strive,” “future,” “intend” and similar expressions as they relate to Gaiam or its management are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Gaiam’s actual results could differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors set forth under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” and elsewhere in this report. Risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ include, without limitation, general economic conditions, competition, loss of key personnel, pricing, brand reputation, consumer trends, acquisitions, new initiatives undertaken by Gaiam, security and information systems, legal liability for website content, merchandise supply problems, failure of third parties to provide adequate service, our reliance on centralized customer service, overstocks and merchandise returns, our reliance on a centralized fulfillment center, increases in postage and shipping costs, E-commerce trends, future Internet related taxes, control of Gaiam by its founder, fluctuations in quarterly operating results, customer interest in our products, the effect of government regulation and other risks and uncertainties included in Gaiam’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We caution you that no forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future performance, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking information.

 

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.    Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the management of Gaiam pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to these rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, Gaiam’s consolidated financial position as of September 30, 2007, the interim results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. These interim statements have not been audited. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 was derived from Gaiam’s audited consolidated financial statements included in Gaiam’s annual report on Form 10-K. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with Gaiam’s audited financial statements, including the notes thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

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GAIAM, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share information)

		September 30,			December 31,
		2007			2006
		(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	81,565		$	104,876
Accounts receivable, net		12,879			25,324
Inventory, net		27,421			24,313
Deferred advertising costs		4,789			3,965
Deferred tax assets		4,700			3,404
Other current assets		6,449			4,965
Total current assets		137,803			166,847
Property and equipment, net		8,673			7,784
Media library, net		35,673			37,201
Goodwill and other intangibles		39,862			28,879
Deferred tax assets, net		4,111			5,958
Notes receivable and other assets		987			4,299
Total assets		$	227,109		$	250,968
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	17,060		$	18,848
Accrued liabilities		10,531			7,437
Income taxes payable		888			415
Total current liabilities		28,479			26,700
Minority interest		5,961			5,662
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, $.0001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 19,361,373 and 21,749,936 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively		2			2
Class B common stock, $.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 5,400,000 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		170,387			200,906
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,131			873
Retained earnings		21,148			16,824
Total stockholders’ equity		192,669			218,606
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	227,109		$	250,968

 

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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GAIAM, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

		For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007			2006			2007			2006
Net revenue		$	70,318		$	51,786		$	181,137		$	146,699
Cost of goods sold		24,174			19,157			63,886			54,017
Gross profit		46,144			32,629			117,251			92,682
Expenses:
Selling and operating		37,875			27,963			101,377			82,885
Corporate, general and administration		4,073			3,656			11,980			10,452
Total expenses		41,948			31,619			113,357			93,337
Income (loss) from operations		4,196			1,010			3,894			(655		)
Other income		1,028			1,512			3,375			2,639
Income before income taxes and minority interest		5,224			2,522			7,269			1,984
Income tax expense		2,060			977			2,868			784
Minority interest in net (income) loss of consolidated subsidiaries, net of tax		(246		)	108			(77		)	178
Net income		$	2,918		$	1,653		$	4,324		$	1,378
Net earnings per share:
Basic		$	0.12		$	0.06		$	0.17		$	0.06
Diluted		$	0.12		$	0.06		$	0.17		$	0.06
Shares used in computing net earnings per share:
Basic		24,705			26,705			25,000			23,450
Diluted		24,970			26,864			25,222			23,697

 

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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GAIAM, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007			2006
Operating activities
Net income		$	4,324		$	1,378
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		1,395			1,593
Amortization		7,215			3,948
Minority interest		77			(178		)
Noncash gain from equity investment		(127		)	(680		)
Noncash loss on disposal of property		265			—
Noncash stock-based compensation		832			365
Deferred income tax expense		677			644
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net		13,233			14,074
Inventory, net		(3,097		)	(4,089		)
Deferred advertising costs		(2,256		)	(2,436		)
Other current assets		(1,757		)	(1,111		)
Accounts payable		(2,983		)	(7,382		)
Accrued liabilities		2,297			(5,549		)
Income taxes payable		476			—
Net cash provided by operating activities		20,571			577
Investing activities
Purchase of property, equipment and media rights		(5,133		)	(1,854		)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		—			637
Purchase of acquisitions and investments, net of cash acquired		(10,801		)	(6,582		)
Proceeds from sale of investments		3,871			—
Net cash used in investing activities		(12,063		)	(7,799		)
Financing activities
Repurchase of Class A common stock, including related costs		(32,907		)	—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of related costs		753			96,609
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(32,154		)	96,609
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		335			540
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(23,311		)	89,927
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		104,876			15,028
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period		$	81,565		$	104,955
Supplemental cash flow information
Income taxes paid		$	3,042		$	—
Common stock issued for acquisitions		$	491		$	1,933

 

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

6

Gaiam, Inc.

Notes to Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

September 30, 2007

 

1.              Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Management believes the following to be critical accounting policies whose application has a material impact on Gaiam Inc.’s (“Gaiam” or the “Company”) financial presentation, and involve a higher degree of complexity, as they require management to make judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain.

No changes were made to our significant accounting policies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, except for the adoption of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Interpretation  No. 48, Accounting  for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”). See Gaiam’s significant accounting policy for Income Taxes discussed below.

Organization and Nature of Operations

Gaiam is a branded lifestyle media company providing a broad selection of information, media, products and services to customers who value personal development, wellness, ecological lifestyles, responsible media and conscious community. Gaiam was incorporated under the laws of the State of Colorado on July 7, 1988.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Gaiam and its subsidiaries in which Gaiam’s ownership is greater than 50% and the subsidiary is considered to be under Gaiam’s control. All material intercompany accounts and transaction balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods disclosed in this report are not necessarily indicative of future financial results.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposit accounts and highly liquid instruments, with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. The fair value of the cash and cash equivalents approximates their carrying value due to their short maturities.

Provisions for Doubtful Accounts and Returns

Gaiam records a provision for doubtful accounts for all receivables not expected to be collected. Gaiam generally does not require collateral. Gaiam evaluates the collectibility of accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. In circumstances in which Gaiam is aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations (e.g. bankruptcy filings), Gaiam records a specific reserve for bad debts against amounts due. For all other instances, Gaiam recognizes reserves based on historical experience and review of individual accounts outstanding.

Gaiam records a provision for product returns to be received in future periods at the time the original sale is recognized. The amount of the returns provision is based upon historical experience and future expectations.

 

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Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of finished goods held for sale and is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Gaiam identifies the inventory items to be written down for obsolescence based on the item’s current sales status and condition. If the item is discontinued or slow moving, it is written down based on an estimate of the markdown to retail price needed to sell through its current stock level of the item.

Purchase Accounting

Gaiam accounts for the acquisition of a controlling interest in a company using the purchase method prescribed by FASB Statement No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141”). In determining the estimated fair value of certain acquired assets and liabilities, management makes assumptions based upon historical and other relevant information and, in some cases, independent expert appraisers. Assumptions may be incomplete, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that could affect the validity of such assumptions, estimates, or actual results. The estimated fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in accordance with SFAS 141 during the last quarter of 2006 and the first nine months of 2007 are preliminary as of September 30, 2007.  We expect to obtain information necessary to finalize the estimated values during the remainder of 2007 and the first half of 2008.

Goodwill and Other Intangibles

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed in a business acquisition. Gaiam’s other intangibles mainly consist of customer lists. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is no longer amortized but is reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, on a reporting unit level. The estimated fair value of a reporting unit is compared with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired.

If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss. Gaiam has allocated goodwill to two reporting units, and uses a market value method for purposes of testing for potential impairment. The annual review requires extensive use of financial judgment and estimates. Application of alternative assumptions and definitions, such as a change in the composition of a reporting unit, could yield significantly different results.

Investments

Investments in limited liability companies in which Gaiam does have the ability to exercise significant influence or control, or in which it holds a five percent or more membership interest, are accounted for under the equity method. Investments in corporations in which Gaiam does have the ability to exercise significant influence or control, or in which it holds a twenty percent or more ownership, are also accounted for under the equity method. Under the equity method, Gaiam records its share of the income or losses of the investment by increasing or decreasing the carrying value of its investment and recording the income or expense through the consolidated statement of operations. Under the cost method of accounting, investments in private companies are carried at cost and are adjusted only for other-than-temporary declines in fair value. Determining whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary requires a high degree of management judgment.  Investments under the cost and equity methods are included on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in Notes receivable and other assets.

 

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Media Library

The media library asset represents the estimated fair value of Gaiam’s library of produced videos acquired through business combinations, the purchase price of media rights to both video and audio titles, and the capitalized cost to produce media products marketed by Gaiam to retailers and direct-mail and online customers. The acquired and purchased media rights are recorded at estimated fair value and amortized on the basis of their estimated useful lives. Capitalized costs to produce media products are recognized as costs of goods sold on an individual film basis in the ratio that the current year’s gross revenues bear to management’s estimate of total ultimate remaining gross revenues. Ultimate remaining revenue forecasts, based primarily on historical sales statistics, are continually reviewed by management and revised when warranted by changing conditions.  When estimates of total revenues and other events or changes in circumstances indicate that a film has a fair value that is less than its unamortized cost, an impairment loss is recognized in the current period for the amount by which the unamortized cost exceeds the film’s estimated fair value.

Contractual Obligations

Gaiam has commitments pursuant to lease agreements, but does not have any outstanding commitments pursuant to long-term debt, capital lease, or purchase obligations. The following table shows Gaiam’s commitments to make future payments under operating leases (in thousands):

		Total		< 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		> 5 years
Operating lease obligations		$4,872		$2,556		$1,845		$319		$152

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Gaiam does not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as special purpose entities (“SPEs”) or variable interest entities (“VIEs”), which have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other limited purposes. As of September 30, 2007, Gaiam is not involved in any unconsolidated SPEs or VIEs.

Income Taxes

Gaiam provides for income taxes pursuant to the liability method as prescribed in SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. The liability method requires recognition of deferred income taxes based on temporary differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, using current enacted income tax rates and regulations.

Effective January 1, 2007, Gaiam adopted the provisions of FIN 48. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under FIN 48, Gaiam must recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous. As such, Gaiam is required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding its income tax exposures. Interpretations of and guidance surrounding income tax law and regulations change over time and may result in changes to the Company’s subjective assumptions and judgments which can materially affect amounts recognized in Gaiam’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations.  The Company’s reassessment of its tax positions in accordance with FIN 48 did not have a material impact on Gaiam’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Gaiam’s tax returns for all years after 2002 are subject to future examination by tax authorities.

 

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Use of Estimates

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in Gaiam’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157” or the “Statement”). This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, this Statement does not require any new fair value measurements. The Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier application is encouraged, provided that the reporting entity has not yet issued financial statements for that fiscal year, including financial statements for an interim period within that fiscal year. Gaiam will adopt the provisions of SFAS 157 in its fiscal year commencing January 1, 2008. Management currently believes that adoption of the provisions of SFAS 157 will not have a material impact on Gaiam’s consolidated financial statements.

2.              Notes Receivable and Other Assets

Notes receivable and other assets as of September 30, 2007 consisted of $1.0 million of other long-term assets and as of December 31, 2006 was comprised of $1.3 million of investments, $2.4 million in notes and related interest receivable, and $0.6 million of other long-term assets.

Gaiam entered into an agreement with Alps Communications LLC (“Alps”) and Life Balance Media Holdings LLC (“LIME”) on January 5, 2006, to sell 19,968 Series A Preferred Units of LIME, an investment previously accounted for using the equity method. The purchase price per unit was equal to the amount Gaiam paid for its investment during 2005. Alps Communications assumed all unpaid Series A Capital Contribution commitments from Gaiam and executed an interest bearing promissory note due February 28, 2009 in the principal amount of $2,250,000. After the closing of this transaction, Gaiam owned 4,876 units, or less than 4%, of LIME. This transaction resulted in a gain of $0.5 million which is included in Other income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. On February 6, 2007, Gaiam entered into a stock repurchase agreement with Revolution Living LLC (“Revolution Living”) and Alps. As part of the stock repurchase agreement Alps prepaid its promissory note principal plus accrued interest in the amount of $2.4 million and acquired Gaiam’s investment in LIME for $1.4 million in cash.

 

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3.              Stockholders’ Equity

On February 6, 2007, Gaiam entered into a stock repurchase agreement (the “Agreement”) with Revolution Living and Alps, whereby as part of the Agreement Gaiam purchased 2.5 million shares of its Class A common stock from Revolution Living for $13.14 per share or $32.8 million in cash. The $13.14 per share price agreed to by the parties was the average price over the last 90 days of Gaiam’s shares prior to the Agreement’s closing. In accordance with the cost method of accounting for treasury stock, Gaiam recorded the treasury stock at $32.9 million including acquisition legal fees. Since Gaiam has not yet decided the ultimate disposition of the re-acquired stock, its cost is reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2007 as a $32.9 million reduction to Additional paid-in capital. Following this repurchase, Gaiam had approximately 24.8 million Class A and Class B common shares outstanding.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, Gaiam issued a total of 4,662 shares of Class A common stock to Gaiam’s independent directors, in lieu of cash compensation, for services rendered in 2006 and 2007 and issued 75,980 shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of options granted under Gaiam’s 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan. In addition, on August 1, 2007, Gaiam issued 30,795 shares of Class A common stock as part of the consideration to acquire controlling ownership of Conscious Enlightenment, Inc.  See Note 8 — Mergers and Acquisitions.

4.              Share-Based Payments

Gaiam’s share-based compensation program is a long-term retention program that is intended to attract, retain and provide incentives for talented employees, officers, and directors, and to align stockholder and employee interests. Gaiam grants options under its 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which provides for the granting of options to purchase up to 3 million shares of Gaiam’s common stock and terminates no later than June 1, 2009. Options under the Plan are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the closing market price of Gaiam’s stock at the date of the grant and normally vest and become exercisable at 2% per month for the 50 months beginning in the eleventh month after date of grant. Grants typically expire seven years from the date of grant. Gaiam uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the estimated fair value of stock options and shares issued under the Plan. The determination of fair value stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model is affected by Gaiam’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. All stock-based payment awards are amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally five years for employees and two years for Board members.

During the first nine months of 2007, Gaiam granted 300,000 stock options to employees and directors and 192,200 stock options were cancelled or expired. Total share-based compensation recognized was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and is shown in Corporate, general, and administration expenses on Gaiam’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

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5.              Comprehensive Income

Gaiam’s comprehensive income is comprised of net income and foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income taxes. Comprehensive income, net of related tax effects, was as follows (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007			2006			2007			2006
Net income		$	2,918		$	1,653		$	4,324		$	1,378
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net		174			6			258			405
Comprehensive income, net of taxes		$	3,092		$	1,659		$	4,582		$	1,783

 

6.              Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants and dilutive securities. Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares of 152 thousand and 391 thousand are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, because their effect is antidilutive. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):

		Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007			2006			2007			2006
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share		$	2,918		$	1,653		$	4,324		$	1,378
Denominator:
Weighted average share for basic earnings per share		24,705			26,705			25,000			23,450
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted average of common stock and stock options		265			159			222			247
Denominators for diluted earnings per share		24,970			26,864			25,222			23,697
Net earnings per share—basic		$	0.12		$	0.06		$	0.17		$	0.06
Net earnings per share—diluted		$	0.12		$	0.06		$	0.17		$	0.06

 

 

7.              Segment Information

Gaiam manages its business and aggregates its operational and financial information in accordance with two reportable segments. The direct to consumer segment contains the Internet, catalog, direct response marketing, and subscription community sales channels, while the business segment comprises the retailers, media, and corporate account channels.

Although Gaiam is able to track revenue by sales channel, the management, allocation of resources and analysis and reporting of expenses is solely on a combined basis, at the reportable segment level.

 

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Contribution margin is defined as net sales, less cost of goods sold and direct and allocated expenses. Financial information for Gaiam’s segments was as follows (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007			2006				2007				2006
Net revenue:
Direct to consumer		$	40,239		$	32,624			$		104,656		$	85,741
Business		30,079			19,162				76,481				60,958
Consolidated net revenue		70,318			51,786				181,137				146,699
Contribution margin (loss):
Direct to consumer		570			587				(2,059			)	(723		)
Business		3,626			423				5,953				68
Consolidated contribution margin (loss)		4,196			1,010				3,894				(655		)
Reconciliation of contribution margin (loss) to net income:
Other income		1,028			1,512				3,375				2,639
Income tax expense		2,060			977				2,868				784
Minority interest in net (income) loss of consolidated subsidiaries, net of tax		(246		)	108				(77			)	178
Net income		$	2,918		$	1,653			$		4,324		$	1,378

 

8.              Mergers and Acquisitions

During the third quarter of 2007, Gaiam acquired varying amounts of controlling ownership interest in four entities for a total cost of approximately $12.4 million, including direct acquisition costs and other liabilities, of which $10.9 million was paid in cash, $0.5 million in Gaiam Class A common stock, and $1.0 million in assumed liabilities.  One of the acquisitions calls for additional consideration of $1.7 million in cash contingent upon either the achievement of a certain membership threshold within the next two years or the sale of the acquired business or its assets by Gaiam.  Gaiam has not yet recognized the contingent consideration because its amount is not determinable beyond a reasonable doubt.

The four acquired companies include  Zaadz, a leading social networking site in the LOHAS space, Lime, a multimedia lifestyle company with multiple platforms focused on leading a healthier, greener, and more balanced lifestyle, Conscious Enlightenment, an on-line and off-line community, and an eco adventure travel company.

Gaiam has preliminarily recognized $5.9 million and $2.9 million of direct to consumer and business segment goodwill, respectively, which are expected to be deductible for tax purposes, $1.7 million of intangibles subject to amortization (with an weighted-average amortization period of 3.8 years), and $0.4 million of indefinite life intangibles for brand and domain names.  The amortizable intangibles are media of $1.0 million, amortized over 5 years, and other intangibles of $0.7 million, amortized over 1.5 to 3 years.  Gaiam is still in the process of finalizing its assessment of the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired and, thus, the amount of goodwill and other intangibles is subject to refinement.

 

 

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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of Gaiam’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this document.

Adopted New Accounting Policies

In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), which became effective for Gaiam January 1, 2007.  FIN 48 addressed the determination of how tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under FIN 48, the Company must recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The Company’s reassessment of its tax positions in accordance with FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. For additional information regarding the adoption of FIN 48, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Income Taxes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Overview and Outlook

Gaiam is a lifestyle media company providing a broad selection of information, media, products and services to customers who value personal development, wellness, ecological lifestyles, responsible media and conscious community. Gaiam’s media brand is built around its ability to develop and offer media content, products, lifestyle solutions and community to consumers in the Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability (“LOHAS”) and the emerging Media that Matters (“MTM”) markets.

Gaiam offers its customers the ability to make purchasing decisions and find responsible content based on these values while providing quality offerings at a price comparable to mainstream alternatives. Gaiam markets its media and products through a multi-channel approach including traditional media channels, direct to consumers via the Internet, catalog, direct response marketing, community and subscription clubs, and through national retailers and corporate accounts.

Gaiam’s content forms the basis of its proprietary offerings, which then drive demand for parallel product and service offerings. Gaiam’s operations are vertically integrated from content creations, through product development and sourcing, to customer service and distribution. Gaiam markets its products and services across two segments, business and direct to consumer. Products are distributed in each of these sales segments from a single fulfillment center or drop-shipped directly to customers.

Through its diverse media reach, the direct to consumer segment provides an opportunity to launch and support new media releases. This direct link to the consumer provides a sounding board for new product testing, promotional opportunities, a growing loyal community, and customer feedback concerning the focus and future of Gaiam and the LOHAS industry as a whole. During 2006, Gaiam completed several acquisitions targeted toward expanding and enhancing its media content and reach. These acquisitions included acquiring the remaining minority interests in Conscious Media, Inc., a multimedia company, and

 

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Newmark Media, Ltd., a retail distributor in the natural grocery and drug channel. Gaiam also acquired an 85% interest in a DVD subscription club that provides inspirational and spiritual family films.  During the third quarter of 2007 Gaiam acquired varying ownership interests in four lifestyle companies to further develop its community business.

We believe our growth will be driven by information, media content, products, and community delivered to the consumer via broadcast, catalog, Internet, retailers, international licensing and electronic downloads and subscription systems. Gaiam has increased its focus on media content creation and distribution, which strategically provides increased branding opportunities, significantly higher operating contribution and greater mainstream penetration. Gaiam plans to invest in its community and membership businesses over the next two years to better capitalize on strong relationships with its loyal consumer audience and growing broadband subscription trends. This will allow Gaiam to focus on better leveraging its content through subscription clubs and community.

Factors that Gaiam believes are important to its long-term success include building brand equity, increasing international growth by expanding into new markets primarily through license arrangements, extending product lines into wellness and children’s programs, leveraging its Real Goods sustainable living franchise including solar, and enhancing the multimedia platform community through new media opportunities, new club and membership programs, initiatives and acquisitions.

 

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:

		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2007		2006		2007		2006
Net revenue		100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%
Cost of goods sold		34.4	%	37.0	%	35.3	%	36.8	%
Gross profit		65.6	%	63.0	%	64.7	%	63.2	%
Expenses:
Selling and operating		53.9	%	54.0	%	56.0	%	56.5	%
Corporate, general and administration		5.8	%	7.0	%	6.6	%	7.1	%
Total expenses		59.7	%	61.0	%	62.6	%	63.6	%
Income (loss) from operations		5.9	%	2.0	%	2.1	%	(0.4	)%
Other income		1.5	%	2.9	%	1.9	%	1.7	%
Income tax expense		2.9	%	1.9	%	1.6	%	0.5	%
Minority interest in net (income) loss of consolidated subsidiaries, net of tax		(0.4	)%	0.2	%	(0.0	)%	0.1	%
Net income		4.1	%	3.2	%	2.4	%	0.9	%

 

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006

        Revenue of $70.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2007 was 35.8% higher than the $51.8 million in revenue generated in the third quarter of 2006. The increase in revenue includes Gaiam’s successful entrance into the business segment’s international market and the continued success of its web and direct response marketing.  Revenue in Gaiam’s direct to consumer segment was $40.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007, an increase of $7.6 million or 23.3% over 2006 third quarter revenue of $32.6 million. Total revenue generated by Gaiam’s business segment was $30.1 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2007 compared to $19.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006.

Gross profit, which consists of revenue less cost of goods sold (primarily merchandise cost plus inbound freight and duties), increased to $46.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 from $32.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006. As a percentage of revenue, gross profit improved to 65.6% for the quarter ended September 30, 2007 compared to the 63.0% for the same quarter last year.

Selling and operating expenses increased to $37.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $28.0 million in the same period of 2006, primarily resulting from increased sales and investments made in community, personnel, advertising, and marketing programs. As a percentage of revenue, selling and operating expenses decreased slightly to 53.9% in the third quarter of 2007 from 54.0% during the quarter ended September 30, 2006 reflecting increased leverage on the higher revenue base partially offset by planned investments in our community business.

Corporate, general and administration expenses increased to $4.1 million for the third quarter of 2007 from $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to Gaiam’s investment in personnel and infrastructure to support the growing the revenue base.  As a percent of revenue, corporate, general and administration expenses decreased to 5.8% of revenue during the third quarter of 2007 compared to 7.0% of revenue for the same period in 2006.

Income from operations was $4.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, up from the $1.0 million operating income for the third quarter of 2006, reflecting higher sales, lowered cost of goods sold, and improved selling and operating and corporate, general and administration expenses.  As a percent of revenue, income from operations improved to 5.9% during the three months ended September 30, 2007, as compared to a 2.0% of revenue operational income for the third quarter of 2006.

Gaiam recorded other income of $1.0 million during the third quarter of 2007 compared to $1.5 million during the same period in 2006.  Other income was mainly comprised of interest earned on cash investments. The decrease in 2007 reflected the use of cash to repurchase 2.5 million shares of Gaiam Class A common stock on February 6, 2007 and acquire businesses during the third quarter of 2007.

Gaiam recorded income tax expense of $2.1 million in the third quarter of 2007 compared to a $1.0 million tax expense in the same period of 2006. Gaiam’s consolidated effective tax rate fluctuates based upon the distribution of earnings/losses between its domestic and foreign operations.

As a result of the factors described above, Gaiam improved its 2007 third quarter financial performance over that of the three months ended September 30, 2006. For the quarter ended September 30, 2007, Gaiam produced a net income of $2.9 million, or $0.12 per share, as compared to a net income in the same period of 2006 of $1.7 million, or $0.06 per share.

 

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006

Revenue of $181.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was 23.5% higher than the $146.7 million in revenue generated in the same period of 2006. The increase in revenue includes Gaiam’s successful entrance into the business segment’s international market, the continued success of its web and direct response marketing, and revenues from businesses acquired over the last year. Revenue in Gaiam’s direct to consumer segment was $104.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, an increase of $18.9 million or 22.1% over the same period of 2006 revenue of $85.7 million. Total revenue generated by Gaiam’s business segment was $76.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $61.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

 Gross profit increased to $117.3 million in the first nine months of 2007 from $92.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. As a percentage of revenue, gross profit improved 150 basis points to 64.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the 63.2% for the same period last year.

Selling and operating expenses increased to $101.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $82.9 million in the same period of 2006, primarily resulting from increased sales and investments made in community, branding, personnel, advertising, and marketing programs. As a percentage of revenue, selling and operating expenses decreased to 56.0% in the first nine months of 2007 from 56.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 reflecting increased leverage on the higher revenue base.

Corporate, general and administration expenses increased to $12.0 million for the first nine months of 2007 from $10.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to Gaiam’s planned investments to support the increased revenue base. As a percent of revenue, corporate general and administration expenses decreased to 6.6% of revenue during the first nine months of 2007 compared to 7.1% of revenue for the same period in 2006.

Income from operations was $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, a substantial improvement over the $0.7 million loss for the same period of 2006, reflecting higher sales, lower cost of goods sold, and improved operating expenses.  As a percent of revenue, income from operations improved to 2.1% of revenue during the first nine months of 2007, as compared to a 0.4% of revenue loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

Gaiam recorded other income of $3.4 million during the first nine months of 2007 compared to $2.6 million during the same period in 2006. The increase in 2007 to other income primarily consisted of interest on cash investments. In the first nine months of 2006, Gaiam’s other income was mainly comprised of a $0.5 million gain on sale of an investment and interest earned on cash investments.

Gaiam recorded income tax expense of $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to a $0.8 million tax expense in the same period of 2006. Gaiam’s consolidated effective tax rate fluctuates based upon the distribution of earnings/losses between its domestic and foreign operations.

As a result of the factors described above, Gaiam improved its first nine months of 2007 financial performance over that of the nine months ended September 30, 2006. For the first nine months of 2007, Gaiam produced net income of $4.3 million, or $0.17 per share, as compared to a net income in the same period of 2006 of $1.4 million or $0.06 per share.

 

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Seasonality

Gaiam’s sales are affected by seasonal influences. On an aggregate basis, Gaiam generates its strongest revenues and net income in the latter half of the year due to increased holiday spending.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Gaiam’s capital needs arise from working capital required to fund our operations, capital expenditures related to acquisition and development of media content, development of our Internet platform and new products, acquisitions of new businesses, replacements, expansions and improvements to Gaiam’s infrastructure, and future growth. These capital requirements depend on numerous factors, including the rate of market acceptance of Gaiam’s product offerings, the ability to expand Gaiam’s customer base, the cost of ongoing upgrades to Gaiam’s product offerings, the level of expenditures for sales and marketing, the level of investment in distribution systems and facilities and other factors. The timing and amount of these capital requirements are variable and cannot accurately be predicted. Additionally, Gaiam will continue to pursue opportunities to expand its media libraries, evaluate possible investments in businesses, products and technologies, and increase its sales and marketing programs and brand promotions as needed.

Gaiam has a credit agreement with Wells Fargo, which permits borrowings of up to $15 million based upon the collateral value of Gaiam’s accounts receivable, inventory, and certain property and equipment. At September 30, 2007, Gaiam had no amounts outstanding under this agreement; however, $2.8 million was reserved for outstanding letters of credit. Gaiam has complied with all of the financial covenants. The credit agreement originally expired on July 31, 2007 and Gaiam obtained extensions of the agreement until October 22, 2007 when Gaiam and Wells Fargo finalized an amendment to the agreement extending the term until October 2009. Under the amended credit agreement, if Gaiam chooses to borrow, outstanding advances would bear interest at the lower of prime rate less 75 basis points or LIBOR plus 275 basis points. Borrowings are secured by a pledge of Gaiam’s assets, and the agreement contains various financial covenants, including those requiring compliance with certain financial ratios.

Gaiam’s operating activities provided net cash of $20.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, primarily reflecting cash provided from net income of $4.3 million, noncash adjustments to net income of $10.3 million, and improved accounts receivable collections of $13.2 million, partially offset by the use of funds to increase inventory in preparation for the upcoming holiday season of $3.1 million, to reduce accounts payable by $3.0 million, and to invest $2.2 million in deferred advertising. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, Gaiam’s operating activities provided net cash of $0.6 million, primarily reflecting the use of funds to reduce accounts payable and accrued liabilities by $7.4 million and $5.6 million, respectively, and to increase inventory, advance media production, and acquire media programming and other current assets by $4.1 million, $2.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively. This use of funds was partially offset by cash provided from the decrease in accounts receivable of $14.1 million and noncash charges to net income of $5.7 million.

Gaiam’s investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 used net cash of $12.1 million reflecting the acquisition of businesses for $10.8 million, net of acquired funds, and the purchase of property, equipment and media rights for $5.1 million, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of the LIME investment for $1.4 million and prepayment of the Alps promissory note principal and interest for $2.4 million. Gaiam’s investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 used net cash of $7.8 million to acquire a business for $6.6 million, net, and to acquire property, equipment and media rights for $1.9 million, partially offset by cash provided from the sale of property and equipment of $0.6 million.

 

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Gaiam’s financing activities used net cash of $32.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 primarily to repurchase 2.5 million shares of Gaiam Class A common stock for $32.9 million, which was partially offset by net proceeds of $0.8 million from the exercise of stock options under Gaiam’s 1999 Long Term Incentive Plan. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, Gaiam’s financing activities provided net cash of $96.6 million reflecting net cash provided by the common stock offering of $93.0 million and the exercise of stock options during the first nine months of 2006 for $3.5 million.

On April 7, 2006, Gaiam filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission for Class A Common Stock, par value $.0001, with a total offering price not to exceed $100,000,000.  During May 2006, Gaiam filed an amended Form S-3 to register 5,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, plus additional shares to cover over-allotments, if any.  On May 24, 2006, Gaiam sold 5,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and on June 13, 2006 sold 690,000 shares of Class A Common Stock in underwritten offerings under the registration statement.  The combined stock sales generated gross proceeds of $99.6 million.

Gaiam believes its available cash, cash expected to be generated from operations, borrowing capabilities, and future sales of its securities should be sufficient to fund its operations on both a short-term and long-term basis. However, Gaiam’s projected cash needs may change as a result of acquisitions, product development, unforeseen operational difficulties or other factors.

In the normal course of our business, Gaiam investigates, evaluates and discusses acquisition, joint venture, minority investment, strategic relationship and other business combination opportunities in the LOHAS and MTM markets. For any future investment, acquisition or joint venture opportunities, Gaiam may consider using then-available liquidity, issuing equity securities or incurring additional indebtedness.

Risk Factors

There are risks and uncertainties that could cause Gaiam’s actual results to be materially different from those indicated by forward-looking statements that it makes from time to time in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, news releases, proxy statements, annual reports, registration statements and other written communications, as well as oral forward-looking statements made from time to time by representatives of Gaiam. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those listed in Gaiam’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006. These risks and uncertainties and additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to Gaiam or that are currently deemed immaterial may cause its business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows to be materially adversely affected.  Except for the historical information contained herein, the matters discussed in this analysis are forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, general economic and business conditions, competition, pricing, brand reputation, consumer trends, and other factors which are often beyond Gaiam’s control. Gaiam does not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements except as required by law.

 

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Gaiam is exposed to market risks, which include changes in U.S. interest rates and foreign exchange rates. Gaiam does not engage in financial transactions for trading or speculative purposes.

Any borrowings Gaiam might make under its bank credit facility would bear interest at the lower of prime rate less 75 basis points or LIBOR plus 275 basis points. Gaiam does not have any amounts outstanding under its credit facility, so any change in interest rates would not have a material impact on Gaiam’s results from operations or cash flows unless Gaiam makes borrowings in the future.

 

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Gaiam purchases a significant amount of inventory from vendors outside of the U.S. in transactions that are primarily U.S. dollar denominated transactions. Because the percentage of Gaiam’s international purchases denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar is small, any currency risks related to these transactions are immaterial to Gaiam. A decline in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other foreign currencies could, however, lead to increased purchasing costs. In order to mitigate this exposure, Gaiam makes virtually all of its purchase commitments in U.S. dollars.

In 2003, Gaiam purchased a 50.1% interest in Gaiam Limited (also known as Leisure Systems International Limited), a U.K. based distributor. Because Gaiam Limited’s revenue is primarily denominated in foreign currencies, this investment exposes Gaiam to accounting risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. However, Gaiam has determined that no material market risk exposure to its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows existed as of September 30, 2007.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Gaiam’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Gaiam’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based upon their evaluation as of September 30, 2007, Gaiam’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that those disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No changes in Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter or nine months ended September 30, 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Gaiam’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

                From time to time, Gaiam is involved in legal proceedings that it considers to be in the normal course of business. Gaiam does not believe that any of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

No material changes.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

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Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

Item 5.    Other Information

None.

Item 6.    Exhibits

a)     Exhibits.

Exhibit No.		Description
31.1		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
31.2		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
32.1		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
32.2		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).

 

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Signatures

In accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf, by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	Gaiam, Inc.
	(Registrant)
	November 9, 2007
	By:	/s/ Jirka Rysavy
		Jirka Rysavy
		Chief Executive Officer
	By:	/s/ Vilia Valentine
		Vilia Valentine
		Chief Financial Officer
		(principal accounting officer)

 

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