GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INC - Quarter Report: 2018 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

OR

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission File Number: 1-12911

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

Address of principal executive offices:

585 W. Beach Street

Watsonville, California 95076

(831) 724-1011

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of August 6, 2018.

Index

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited - in thousands, except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited - in thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(Unaudited - in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited - in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by Granite Construction Incorporated (“we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company” or “Granite”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. Further, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary to state fairly our financial position at June 30, 2018 and 2017 and the results of our operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The December 31, 2017 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.

Our operations are typically affected more by weather conditions during the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year which may alter our construction schedules and can create variability in our revenues and profitability. Therefore, the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

We prepared the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements, except for the adoption during the three months ended March 31, 2018 of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business and ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting, none of which had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2018, we adopted ASU No. 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No.118, the impact of which is disclosed in Note 16 and on January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and subsequently issued additional related ASUs (“Topic 606”), the impact of which is described in detail below.

On April 3, 2018, we acquired LiquiForce and on June 14, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Layne Christensen Company (“Layne”). See Note 3 for further information.

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation: Through the acquisitions of Layne and LiquiForce, we now have operations in Latin America, Canada and Brazil which involve exposure to possible volatile movements in foreign currency exchange rates. We account for foreign currency exchange transactions and translation in accordance with ASC Topic 830, Foreign Currency Matters. Foreign currency transactions are remeasured into the functional currency with gains and losses included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. In Mexico, most of our customer contracts are denominated in U.S. dollars; therefore, the functional currency is U.S. dollars. In Canada and Brazil, the functional currency is the local currency. The impact from foreign currency transactions was immaterial for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. Assets and liabilities in functional currency are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at average foreign currency exchange rates prevailing during the reporting periods. The translation adjustments from functional currency to U.S. dollars are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: In connection with the acquisition of Layne, we acquired restricted cash which is included in other noncurrent assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and consists of escrow funds and judicial deposits associated with tax related legal proceedings in Brazil. The table below presents changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and a reconciliation to the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands).

Inventories: Inventories consist primarily of quarry products, contract-specific materials, water well drilling materials, and sewer remediation materials that are located in the U.S. and mineral extraction and drilling supplies located in the U.S. and foreign countries, primarily Brazil and Mexico. Cost of U.S. and foreign inventories are valued at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. We reserve quarry products based on estimated quantities of materials on hand in excess of approximately one year of demand. As of June 30, 2018, inventory included $19.1 million of supplies related to the Water and Mineral Services operating group.

Reclassifications: Certain immaterial reclassifications of prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

Effect of adopting Topic 606

The core principle of Topic 606 is that revenue will be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects consideration for which entitlement is expected in exchange for those goods or services. We adopted Topic 606 using a modified retrospective transition approach and elected to apply Topic 606 to contracts with customers that are not substantially complete, i.e. less than 90% complete, as of January 1, 2018.

While the adoption of Topic 606 did not have an impact on revenue of our Construction Materials segment, it did impact revenue of our Construction and Large Project Construction segments specifically in the following areas:

The impact to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 from the adoption of Topic 606 related to the items noted above was a net cumulative decrease of $15.2 million.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

In addition, as of January 1, 2018, we began to separately present contract assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract assets include amounts due under contractual retainage provisions that were previously included in accounts receivable as well as costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings that were previously separately presented. Contract liabilities include billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings that were previously separately presented as well as provisions for losses that were previously included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. See Note 7 for further information.

Disclosures included in Notes 5, 6 and 7 are related to the adoption of Topic 606 and are revenue disaggregated by operating group, information about unearned revenue and contract assets and liabilities, respectively.

The accounting policies that were affected by Topic 606 and the changes thereto are as follows:

Revenue Recognition: Our revenue is primarily derived from construction contracts that can span several quarters or years and from sales of construction materials. We recognize revenue in accordance with Topic 606. Topic 606 provides for a five-step model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers as follows:

Generally, our contracts contain one performance obligation.

Contracts with customers in our Construction Materials segment are typically defined by our customary business practices and are valued at the contractual selling price per unit. Our customary business practices are for the delivery of a separately identifiable good at a point in time which is typically when delivery to the customer occurs.

Contracts in our Construction and Large Project Construction segments may contain multiple distinct promises or multiple contracts within a master agreement (e.g. contracts that cross multiple locations/geographies and task orders), which we review at contract inception to determine if they represent multiple performance obligations or multiple separate contracts. This review consists of determining if promises or groups of promises are distinct within the context of the contract, including whether contracts are physically contiguous, contain task orders, purchase orders or sales orders, contain termination clauses and/or contain elements not related to design and/or build.

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods and services to the customer. The consideration promised in a contract with customers of our Construction and Large Project Construction segments may include both fixed amounts and variable amounts (e.g. bonuses/incentives or penalties/liquidated damages) to the extent that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved (i.e., probable and estimable). When a contract has a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is attributed to that performance obligation. When a contract has more than one performance obligation, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on estimated relative standalone selling prices of the goods or services at the inception of the contract, which typically is determined using cost plus an appropriate margin.

Subsequent to the inception of a contract in our Construction and Large Project Construction segments, the transaction price could change for various reasons, including the executed or estimated amount of change orders and unresolved contract modifications and claims to or from owners. Changes that are accounted for as an adjustment to existing performance obligations are allocated on the same basis at contract inception. Otherwise, changes are accounted for as separate performance obligation(s) and the separate transaction price is allocated as discussed above.

Changes are made to the transaction price from unapproved change orders to the extent the amount can be reasonably estimated and recovery is probable.

On certain projects we have submitted and have pending unresolved contract modifications and affirmative claims (“affirmative claims”) to recover additional costs and the associated profit, if applicable, to which the Company believes it is entitled under the terms of contracts with customers, subcontractors, vendors or others. The owners or their authorized representatives and/or other third parties may be in partial or full agreement with the modifications or affirmative claims, or may have rejected or disagree entirely or partially as to such entitlement.

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Changes are made to the transaction price from affirmative claims with customers to the extent that additional revenue on a claim settlement with a customer is probable and estimable. A reduction to costs related to affirmative claims with non-customers with whom we have a contractual arrangement (“back charges”) is recognized when the estimated recovery is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Except for contractual back charges, affirmative claims against non-customers that are unrelated to jobs are recognized as a reduction to cost or increase to other income when the claims are settled. Recognizing affirmative claims and back charge recoveries requires significant judgments of certain factors including, but not limited to, dispute resolution developments and outcomes, anticipated negotiation results, and the cost of resolving such matters and estimates.

Certain construction contracts include retention provisions to provide assurance to our customers that we will perform in accordance with the contract terms and are therefore not considered a financing benefit. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to these provisions generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the project work or products by the customer. We have determined there are no significant financing components in our contracts during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Typically, performance obligations related to contracts in our Construction and Large Project Construction segments are satisfied over time because our performance typically creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced. We recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied and control of the promised good and service is transferred to the customer. Revenue in our Construction and Large Project Construction segments is ordinarily recognized over time as control is transferred to the customers by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation(s) using an input (i.e., “cost to cost”) method. Under the cost to cost method, costs incurred to-date are generally the best depiction of transfer of control.

All contract costs, including those associated with affirmative claims, change orders and back charges, are recorded as incurred and revisions to estimated total costs are reflected as soon as the obligation to perform is determined. Contract costs consist of direct costs on contracts, including labor and materials, amounts payable to subcontractors, direct overhead costs and equipment expense (primarily depreciation, fuel, maintenance and repairs).

The accuracy of our revenue and profit recognition in a given period depends on the accuracy of our estimates of the cost to complete each project. Cost estimates for all of our significant projects use a detailed “bottom up” approach, and we believe our experience allows us to create materially reliable estimates. There are a number of factors that can contribute to changes in estimates of contract cost and profitability. The most significant of these include:

The foregoing factors, as well as the stage of completion of contracts in process and the mix of contracts at different margins may cause fluctuations in gross profit and gross profit margin from period to period. Significant changes in cost estimates, particularly in our larger, more complex projects have had, and can in future periods have, a significant effect on our profitability.  

All state and federal government contracts and many of our other contracts provide for termination of the contract at the convenience of the party contracting with us, with provisions to pay us for work performed through the date of termination including demobilization cost.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

Generally, costs to obtain our contracts (“pre-bid costs”) that are not expected to be recovered from the customer are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. Although unusual, pre-bid costs that are explicitly chargeable to the customer even if the contract is not obtained are included in accounts receivable on our consolidated balance sheets when we are notified that we are not the low bidder with a corresponding reduction to selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations.

Unearned Revenue: Unearned revenue represents the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of a reporting period. We generally include a project in our unearned revenue at the time a contract is awarded, the contract has been executed and to the extent we believe funding is probable. Certain contracts contain contract options that are exercisable at the option of our customers without requiring us to go through an additional competitive bidding process or contain task orders related to master contracts under which we perform work only when the customer awards specific task orders to us. Contract options and task orders are included in unearned revenue when exercised or issued, respectively.

Substantially all of the contracts in our unearned revenue may be canceled or modified at the election of the customer; however, we have not been materially adversely affected by contract cancellations or modifications in the past. Many projects in our Construction segment are added to unearned revenue and completed within the same fiscal quarter or year and, therefore, may not be reflected in our beginning or ending unearned revenue. Approximately $2.2 billion of the June 30, 2018 unearned revenue is expected to be recognized within the next twelve months and the remaining amount will be recognized thereafter. Unearned revenue is presented by segment and operating group in Note 6.

Contract Assets: Our contract assets include amounts due under contractual retainage provisions as well as costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to retainage provisions generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the project work or products by the owners. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings also represent amounts earned and reimbursable under contracts, including claim recovery estimates, but have a conditional right for billing and payment such as achievement of milestones or completion of the project. With the exception of customer affirmative claims, generally, such unbilled amounts will become billable according to the contract terms and generally will be billed and collected over the next twelve months. Settlement with the customer of outstanding affirmative claims is dependent on the claims resolution process and could extend beyond one year or the project operating cycle. Based on our historical experience, we generally consider the collection risk related to billable amounts to be low. When events or conditions indicate that it is probable that the amounts outstanding become unbillable, the transaction price and associated contract asset is reduced.

Costs to mobilize equipment and labor to a job site prior to substantive work beginning (“mobilization costs”) are capitalized as incurred and amortized over the expected duration of the contract. As of June 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, we had no material capitalized mobilization costs.

Contract Liabilities: Our contract liabilities consist of provisions for losses and billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings. Provisions for losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations at the uncompleted performance obligation level for the amount of total estimated losses in the period that evidence indicates that the estimated total cost of a performance obligation exceeds its estimated total revenue. Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings are billings to customers on contracts in advance of work performed, including advance payments negotiated as a contract condition. Generally, unearned project-related costs will be earned over the next twelve months.

The amounts by which each condensed consolidated balance sheet line item as of June 30, 2018 and condensed consolidated statement of operations line item for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was affected by the adoption of Topic 606 relative to the previous revenue guidance are presented in the tables below (in thousands). The changes are primarily related to reclassifications on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and the impact on the condensed consolidated statement of operations from the new requirements under Topic 606. The change in retained earnings is net of the cumulative effect of initially applying Topic 606.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

June 30, 2018

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

2.  Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and subsequently issued a related ASU, which requires lessees to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (a) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (b) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. The ASU will be effective commencing with our quarter ending March 31, 2019. We expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material increase to assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which allows companies to reclassify stranded tax affects resulting from the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Reform”), from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. In addition, the ASU requires certain new disclosures regardless of the election. This ASU will be effective commencing with our quarter ending March 31, 2019. We do not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3.  Acquisitions

On June 14, 2018, we completed the $349.8 million acquisition of Layne, a U.S.-based global water management, infrastructure services and drilling company in a stock-for-stock merger which was comprised of $321.0 million in Company common stock and $28.8 million in cash to settle all outstanding stock options, restricted stock awards and unvested performance shares of Layne. In addition to issuances of Granite common stock and the settlement of various equity awards, we assumed $191.5 million in convertible notes at fair value. See Note 14 for further discussion of the assumed convertible notes.

Layne will operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of Granite Construction Incorporated and its results will be reported in the newly formed Water and Mineral Services operating group in the Construction and Construction Materials segments. Layne’s customers are in both the public and private sector. Layne is a leader in water management and drilling and therefore this acquisition significantly enhances Granite’s presence in the water infrastructure market. Layne has a network of 52 offices located throughout North and Latin America. We have accounted for this transaction in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”).

Included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for three and six months ending June 30, 2018 is approximately two weeks of Layne revenue and net loss before taxes of $21.5 million and $15.1 million, respectively, following the June 14, 2018 acquisition date. The loss before taxes includes Layne’s portion of total acquisition and integration expenses of $14.7 million for three and six months ending June 30, 2018.

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Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation

In accordance with ASC 805, the total purchase price and assumed liabilities were allocated to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of June 14, 2018 as presented in the table below (in thousands). These estimates are subject to revision, which may result in adjustments to the values presented below. We expect to finalize these amounts within 12 months from the acquisition date.

In addition, on April 3, 2018, we acquired LiquiForce, a privately owned company which provides sewer lining rehabilitation services to public and private sector water and wastewater customers in both Canada and the U.S. The Company acquired LiquiForce for $35.9 million in cash borrowed under the revolving credit facility as defined in Note 14. The tangible and net intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were $14.5 million, $10.9 million and $8.6 million, respectively, resulting in acquired goodwill of $19.1 million. LiquiForce results are reported in the Kenny operating group in the Construction segment.

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Intangible assets

The following table lists amortized intangible assets and liabilities from the Layne and LiquiForce acquisitions that are included in other noncurrent assets and other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2018 (in thousands):

The net amortization expense related to the acquired amortized intangible assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $2.7 million and was included in cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. All of the acquired intangible assets and liabilities will be amortized on a straight line basis except for backlog, favorable contracts and unfavorable contracts which will be amortized as the associated projects progress, and customer relationships which will be amortized on a double declining basis. Amortization expense related to the acquired amortized intangible asset balances at June 30, 2018 is expected to be recorded in the future as follows: $10.9 million for the remainder of 2018; $13.2 million in 2019; $10.8 million in 2020; $8.8 million in 2021; and $18.4 million thereafter.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the underlying net tangible and intangible assets. The factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill from the acquisitions of Layne and LiquiForce include acquiring a workforce with capabilities in the global water management, construction and drilling markets, cost savings opportunities and synergies. In connection with the Layne acquisition, the assignment of goodwill to reporting units was not complete as of June 30, 2018 and is expected to be complete as of September 30, 2018. For the LiquiForce acquisition, we recorded $18.8 million within our Construction segment that was allocated to our Kenny Construction reporting unit. The goodwill from both acquisitions is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

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Pro Forma Financial Information

The financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of Granite and Layne, on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of 2017 (in thousands, except per share amounts). The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of 2017.

These amounts have been calculated after applying Granite’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of Layne to reflect the additional depreciation and amortization that would have been recorded assuming the fair value adjustments to property and equipment and intangible assets had been applied starting on January 1, 2017. Acquisition and integration expenses related to Layne that were incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 are reflected in the six months ended June 30, 2017 due to the assumed timing of the transaction. The statutory tax rate of 26% and 39% was used for 2018 and 2017, respectively, for the pro forma adjustments.

Acquisition and integration expenses associated with both the Layne and LiquiForce acquisitions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were comprised of the following (in thousands):

4.  Revisions in Estimates

Our profit recognition related to construction contracts is based on estimates of costs to complete each project. These estimates can vary significantly in the normal course of business as projects progress, circumstances develop and evolve, and uncertainties are resolved. When we experience significant changes in our estimates of costs to complete, we undergo a process that includes reviewing the nature of the changes to ensure that there are no material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period rather than as revisions in estimates for the current period. For revisions in estimates, generally we use the cumulative catch-up method for changes to the transaction price that are part of a single performance obligation. Under this method, revisions in estimates are accounted for in their entirety in the period of change. There can be no assurance that we will not experience further changes in circumstances or otherwise be required to revise our cost estimates in the future.

In our review of these changes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and for the three months ended June 30, 2017, we did not identify any material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period. In our review of these changes for the six months ended June 30, 2017, we identified and corrected amounts that should have been recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2016. This correction resulted in a $4.9 million decrease to Large Project Construction revenue and gross profit and a $1.6 million increase in net loss attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated. We have assessed the impact of this correction to the financial statements of prior periods’ as well as to the financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2017 and have concluded that the amounts were not material.   

In the normal course of business, we have revisions in estimated costs some of which are associated with unresolved affirmative claims and back charges. The estimated or actual recovery related to these estimated costs may be recorded in future periods or may be at values below the associated cost, which can cause fluctuations in the gross profit impact from revisions in estimates.

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Affirmative Claims

Revisions in estimates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 included net increases in revenue of $2.3 million and $4.9 million, respectively, related to the estimated cost recovery of customer affirmative claims, which included increases of $6.4 million and $8.5 million, respectively, that were also affected by an increase in estimated contract costs in excess of the estimated recovery during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. The offsetting decreases of $4.1 million and $3.6 million, respectively, had estimated contract costs in excess of the estimated cost recovery that were recorded in prior periods.

Revisions in estimates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 included net increases in revenue of $12.2 million and $14.0 million, respectively, related to the estimated cost recovery of customer affirmative claims, which included increases of $11.4 million and $14.1 million, respectively, that were also affected by an increase in estimated contract costs in excess of the estimated recovery during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. The remaining $0.8 million and offsetting decrease of $0.1 million, respectively, had estimated contract costs in excess of estimated cost recovery that were recorded in prior periods.

Back Charges

Revisions in estimates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 included reductions in cost of revenue of $1.6 million and $2.0 million, respectively, related to the estimated recovery of back charges of which $0.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, had estimated contract costs in excess of estimated cost recovery during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. The remaining $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, had estimated contract costs in excess of estimated cost recovery that were recorded in prior periods.

Revisions in estimates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 included reductions in cost of revenue of $2.7 million and $3.0 million, respectively, related to the estimated recovery of back charges of which $1.4 million had estimated contract costs in excess of estimated cost recovery during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. The remaining $1.3 million and $1.6 million, respectively, had estimated contract costs in excess of estimated cost recovery that were recorded in prior periods.

The tables below include the impact to gross profit from significant revisions in estimates related to estimated and actual recovery of customer affirmative claims and back charges as well as the impact to gross profit from changes in estimated contract revenue and costs.

Construction

The changes in project profitability from revisions in estimates, both increases and decreases, which individually had an impact of $1.0 million or more on gross profit, were net decreases of $4.5 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The changes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were decreases of $1.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The projects are summarized as follows:

Increases

The increases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were due to lower costs and higher productivity than originally anticipated.

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Decreases

The decreases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were due to additional costs and lower productivity than originally anticipated.

Large Project Construction

The changes in project profitability from revisions in estimates, both increases and decreases, which individually had an impact of $1.0 million or more on gross profit, were net decreases of $30.3 million and $39.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The changes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were decreases of $23.8 million and $37.8 million, respectively.

There were no amounts attributable to non-controlling interests for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. The amounts attributable to non-controlling interests were $0.4 million and $2.0 million of the decreases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. The projects are summarized as follows:

Increases

The increases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were due to higher productivity than originally anticipated as well as owner-directed scope changes.

Decreases

The decreases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were due to higher costs than originally anticipated as well as additional weather related costs and a decrease in estimated recovery from customer affirmative claims. The decreases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were due to higher costs than originally anticipated as well as additional design, weather and owner-related costs, net of estimated and actual recovery from customer affirmative claims and back charges. As of June 30, 2018 there were three projects for which additional costs were reasonably possible in excess of the probable amounts included in the cost forecast. The reasonably possible aggregate range that has the potential to adversely impact gross profit during the year ending December 31, 2018, was zero to $15.0 million. As the related projects proceed, future estimates may change and could have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows in the future.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

5.  Disaggregation of Revenue

We disaggregate our revenue based on our reportable segments and operating groups as it is the format that is regularly reviewed by management. Our reportable segments are: Construction, Large Project Construction and Construction Materials. Our operating groups are: (i) California; (ii) Northwest; (iii) Heavy Civil; (iv) Kenny and (v) Water and Mineral Services. The following tables present our disaggregated revenue (in thousands):  

Three Months Ended June 30,

Six Months Ended June 30,