UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to ______________

Commission file number: 0-23636

HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Missouri			43-1626350
(State or other jurisdiction of			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)

132 East High Street, Box 688, Jefferson City, Missouri 65102

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(573) 761-6100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 par value			HWBK			The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☒

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of May 15, 2023, the registrant had 6,768,581 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, outstanding.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

2

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share data)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
			(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks			$	18,301					$	18,661
Federal funds sold			47						46
Other interest-bearing deposits			15,425						65,013
Cash and cash equivalents			33,773						83,720
Certificates of deposit in other banks			2,215						2,955
Available-for-sale debt securities, at fair value			259,653						250,747
Other investments			6,240						6,353
Total investment securities			265,893						257,100
Loans held for investment			1,542,074						1,521,252
Allowance for credit losses (1)			(21,979)						(15,588)
Net loans			1,520,095						1,505,664
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or fair value			1,753						591
Premises and equipment - net			32,454						32,856
Mortgage servicing rights, at fair value			2,934						2,899
Other real estate owned - net			8,247						8,795
Accrued interest receivable			7,288						7,953
Cash surrender value - life insurance			2,582						2,567
Other assets (1)			18,587						18,440
Total assets			$	1,895,821					$	1,923,540
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Deposits
Non-interest bearing demand			$	444,437					$	453,443
Savings, interest checking and money market			817,183						923,602
Time deposits $250,000 and over			175,251						94,859
Other time deposits			171,141						160,175
Total deposits			1,608,012						1,632,079
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			5,115						5,187
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings			93,000						98,000
Subordinated notes			49,486						49,486
Operating lease liabilities			1,454						1,533
Accrued interest payable			1,602						902
Liability for unfunded commitments (1)			1,302						—
Other liabilities			7,498						8,942
Total liabilities			1,767,469						1,796,129
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1.00 par value, authorized 15,000,000 shares; issued 7,284,151 shares, respectively			7,284						7,284
Surplus			71,042						71,042
Retained earnings			88,329						91,789
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax			(27,313)						(31,714)
Treasury stock; 515,570 shares, at cost, respectively			(10,990)						(10,990)
Total stockholders’ equity			128,352						127,411
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity			$	1,895,821					$	1,923,540

(1) March 31, 2023 amounts include the impacts of the January 1, 2023 adoption of ASU 2013-13. See Note 2 for details.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

1

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)															2023						2022
INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans															$	18,803					$	13,915
Interest and fees on loans held for sale															27						20
Interest on investment securities:
Taxable															847						788
Nontaxable															626						577
Federal funds sold															—						1
Other interest-bearing deposits and certificates of deposit in other banks															537						60
Dividends on other investments															93						75
Total interest income															20,933						15,436
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits:
Savings, interest checking and money market															3,854						316
Time deposit accounts $250,000 and over															1,150						113
Time deposits															548						276
Total interest expense on deposits															5,552						705
Interest on federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase															21						10
Interest on Federal Home Loan Bank advances															540						252
Interest on subordinated notes															872						324
Total interest expense on borrowings															1,433						586
Total interest expense															6,985						1,291
Net interest income															13,948						14,145
Provision for (release of) credit losses on loans and unfunded commitments (1)															680						(2,500)
Net interest income after provision for (release of) credit losses on loans and unfunded commitments															13,268						16,645
NON-INTEREST INCOME
Service charges and other fees															684						793
Bank card income and fees															960						961
Trust department income															271						340
Real estate servicing fees, net															193						231
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net															496						888
Other															578						513
Total non-interest income															3,182						3,726
Investment securities gains (losses), net															8						(4)
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
Salaries and employee benefits															7,003						6,886
Occupancy expense, net															795						786
Furniture and equipment expense															752						755
Processing, network, and bank card expense															1,157						1,142
Legal, examination, and professional fees															505						440
Advertising and promotion															357						293
Postage, printing, and supplies															193						190
Loan expense															385						145
Other															1,331						1,590
Total non-interest expense															12,478						12,227
Income before income taxes															3,980						8,140
Income tax expense															709						1,531
Net income															$	3,271					$	6,609
Basic earnings per share															$	0.48					$	0.97
Diluted earnings per share															$	0.48					$	0.97

(1) Prior to adoption of ASU No 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, credit losses were estimated using the incurred loss approach.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited)

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)															2023						2022
Net income															$	3,271					$	6,609
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale, net of tax															4,513						(19,582)
Defined benefit pension plans:
Amortization of net gains included in net periodic pension cost, net of tax															(112)						—
Total other comprehensive income (loss)															4,401						(19,582)
Total comprehensive income (loss)															$	7,672					$	(12,973)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited)

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(In thousands, except per share data)			Common Stock						Surplus						Retained Earnings						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)						Treasury Stock						Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, December 31, 2022			$	7,284					$	71,042					$	91,789					$	(31,714)					$	(10,990)					$	127,411
Adoption of ASU 2016-13			—						—						(5,581)						—						—						(5,581)
Balance, January 01, 2023			7,284						71,042						86,208						(31,714)						(10,990)						121,830
Net income			—						—						3,271						—						—						3,271
Other comprehensive income			—						—						—						4,401						—						4,401
Cash dividends declared, common stock ($0.17 per share)			—						—						(1,150)						—						—						(1,150)
Balance, March 31, 2023			$	7,284					$	71,042					$	88,329					$	(27,313)					$	(10,990)					$	128,352
Balance, December 31, 2021			$	7,024					$	64,437					$	82,300					$	3,293					$	(8,098)					$	148,956
Net income			—						—						6,609						—						—						6,609
Other comprehensive loss			—						—						—						(19,582)						—						(19,582)
Purchase of treasury stock			—						—						—						—						(606)						(606)
Cash dividends declared, common stock ($0.15 per share)			—						—						(990)						—						—						(990)
Balance, March 31, 2022			$	7,024					$	64,437					$	87,919					$	(16,289)					$	(8,704)					$	134,387

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

			Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)			2023						2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income			$	3,271					$	6,609
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for (release of) credit losses on loans and unfunded commitments			680						(2,500)
Depreciation expense			540						545
Net amortization of investment securities, premiums, and discounts			276						378
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights			(29)						48
Investment securities (gains) losses, net			(8)						4
Gain on sales and dispositions of premises and equipment			(132)						—
Gain on sales and dispositions of other real estate			(9)						(8)
Decrease in accrued interest receivable			665						380
Increase in cash surrender value - life insurance			(15)						(15)
Decrease in other assets			102						329
Decrease in operating lease liabilities			(79)						(74)
Increase in accrued interest payable			700						16
Decrease in other liabilities			(1,398)						(2,567)
Origination of mortgage loans held for sale			(20,910)						(26,935)
Proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans held for sale			20,238						29,085
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net			(496)						(888)
Net cash provided by operating activities			3,396						4,407
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities of certificates of deposit in other banks			739						490
Net increase in loans			(20,903)						(31,812)
Purchase of available-for-sale debt securities			(8,505)						(14,581)
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale debt securities			4,427						11,284
Proceeds from calls of available-for-sale debt securities			610						2,250
Purchases of FHLB stock			(137)						(178)
Proceeds from sales of FHLB stock			258						92
Purchases of premises and equipment			(226)						(1,417)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment			126						—
Proceeds from sales of other real estate and repossessed assets			557						723
Net cash used in investing activities			(23,054)						(33,149)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net decrease in demand deposits			(9,006)						(2,841)
Net decrease in interest-bearing transaction accounts			(106,419)						(66,194)
Net increase in time deposits			91,358						8,358
Net decrease in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			(72)						(18,315)
Repayment of FHLB advances and other borrowings			(5,500)						(61)
FHLB advances			500						—
Purchase of treasury stock			—						(606)
Cash dividends paid - common stock			(1,150)						(993)
Net cash used in financing activities			(30,289)						(80,652)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents			(49,947)						(109,394)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period			83,720						159,909
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period			$	33,773					$	50,515

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) continued

			Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)			2023						2022
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest			$	6,285					$	1,275
Income taxes			$	—					$	—
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Other real estate and repossessed assets acquired in settlement of loans net of (charge-offs)			$	—					$	(52)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Hawthorn Bancshares, Inc. (the Company) through its subsidiary, Hawthorn Bank (the Bank), provides a broad range of banking services to individual and corporate customers located within the Missouri communities in and surrounding Jefferson City, Columbia, Clinton, Warsaw, Springfield, St. Louis, and the greater Kansas City metropolitan area. The Company is subject to competition from other financial and nonfinancial institutions that provide financial products. Additionally, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to the regulations of certain regulatory agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory agencies.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with United States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q, and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements includes all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary in order to make those statements not misleading. Management is required to make estimates and assumptions, including the determination of the allowance for credit losses, real estate acquired in connection with foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, and fair values of investment securities available-for-sale that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s management has evaluated and did not identify any subsequent events or transactions requiring recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements other than mentioned below.

Stock Dividend. On July 1, 2022, the Company paid a special stock dividend of four percent (4%) to shareholders of record at the close of business on June 15, 2022. For all periods presented, share information, including basic and diluted earnings per share, has been adjusted retroactively to reflect this change.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Trouble Debt Restructurings. On January 1, 2023, the effective date of the guidance, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures”, on a prospective basis. ASU 2022-02 eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Specifically, rather than applying the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs, an entity must apply the loan refinancing and restructuring guidance to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. For entities that have already adopted ASU 2016-13, the amendments in ASU 2022-02 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted the amendments within ASU 2022-02, using the prospective transition method. ASU 2022-02 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-13. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology commonly referred to as the current expected credit losses (CECL) methodology. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. It also applies to off-balance sheet credit exposures such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments. In addition, this standard made changes to the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, including the requirement for credit losses to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available-for-sale debt securities.

The Company adopted this standard using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost, and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under the new standard while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable U.S.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

GAAP. The Company recorded an after-tax decrease to retained earnings of $5.6 million as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting this standard.

The following table illustrates the impact of adoption of ASU 2016-13:

(in thousands)			December 31, 2022						Impact of Adoption						January 1, 2023
Assets:
Allowance for credit losses on loans			$	15,588					$	5,793					$	21,381
Deferred tax asset			3,267						1,483						4,750
Liabilities:
Liability for unfunded commitments			—						1,272						1,272
Shareholders' Equity
Retained Earnings			91,789						(5,581)						86,208

(2) Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans

Major classifications within the Company’s held for investment loan portfolio at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	227,992					$	244,549
Real estate construction − residential			44,467						32,095
Real estate construction − commercial			157,860						137,235
Real estate mortgage − residential			363,634						361,025
Real estate mortgage − commercial			725,573						722,729
Installment and other consumer			22,548						23,619
Total loans held for investment			$	1,542,074					$	1,521,252

The Bank grants real estate, commercial, installment, and other consumer loans to customers located within the Missouri communities surrounding Jefferson City, Columbia, Clinton, Warsaw, Springfield, St. Louis, and the greater Kansas City metropolitan area. As such, the Bank is susceptible to changes in the economic environment in these communities. The Bank does not have a concentration of credit in any one economic sector. Installment and other consumer loans consist primarily of the financing of automotive vehicles. Accrued interest on loans totaled $5.9 million and $6.4 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is included in the accrued interest receivable on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost basis of loans presented above. Further, the Company has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable. At March 31, 2023, loans of $598.1 million were pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) as collateral for borrowings and letters of credit.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses is measured using an average historical loss model which incorporates relevant information about past events, including historical credit loss experience on loans with similar risk characteristics, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the remaining cash flows over the contractual term of the loans. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis. Loans are aggregated into pools based on similar risk characteristics including borrower type, collateral type and expected credit loss patterns. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics, primarily large loans on non-accrual status, are evaluated on an individual basis. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from loans amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the instrument. Expected recoveries are included in the allowance and do not exceed the

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. Loans are charged off against the allowance for credit losses when management believes the balance has become uncollectible.

For loans evaluated for credit losses on a collective basis, average historical loss rates are calculated for each pool using relevant peer historical net charge-offs (combined charge-offs and recoveries by observable historical reporting period) and the Company's outstanding loan balances during a lookback period. The Company chose to use relevant peer loan loss data due to statistical relevance concerns, low observation counts, historical data limitations, and the inability to secure loans through the cycle loan-level data. Lookback periods can be different based on the individual pool and represent management’s credit expectations for the pool of loans over the remaining contractual life. The calculated average net charge-off rate is then adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. These adjustments increase or decrease the average historical loss rate to reflect expectations of future losses given a single path economic forecast of a single macroeconomic variable, which is the civilian unemployment rate. The adjustments are based on results from various regression models projecting the impact of the selected macroeconomic variable to loss rates. The forecast is used for a reasonable and supportable period before reverting back to historical averages using a straight-line method. The forecast adjusted loss rate is applied to the loans over the remaining contractual lives, adjusted for expected prepayments. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals and modifications. Credit cards and certain similar consumer lines of credit do not have stated maturities and therefore, for these loan classes, remaining contractual lives are determined by estimating future cash flows expected to be received from customers until payments have been fully allocated to outstanding balances. Agriculture loans also use the remaining life methodology for estimating life of loan losses. Additionally, the allowance for credit losses considers other qualitative factors not included in historical loss rates or macroeconomic forecast such as changes in portfolio composition, underwriting practices, or significant unique events or conditions.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures

The Company maintains a separate allowance for credit losses for off-balance-sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments, unless the associated obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. This allowance is included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with associated expense recognized as a component of the provision for credit losses on the consolidated statements of income. The liability for unfunded lending commitments utilizes the same model as the allowance for credit losses on loans, however, the liability for unfunded lending commitments incorporates an assumption for the portion of unfunded commitments that are expected to be funded.

Sensitivity in the Allowance for Credit Loss Model

The allowance for credit losses is an estimate that requires significant judgment, including projections of the macroeconomic environment. The forecasted macroeconomic environment continuously changes, which can cause fluctuations in estimated expected losses.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table illustrates the changes in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment:

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)			Commercial, Financial, & Agricultural						Real Estate Construction - Residential						Real Estate Construction - Commercial						Real Estate Mortgage - Residential						Real Estate Mortgage - Commercial						Installment and Other Consumer						Un- allocated						Total
Balance at beginning of period			$	2,735					$	157					$	875					$	3,329					$	8,000					$	326					$	166					$	15,588
Adoption of ASU 2016-13			(649)						291						2,894						1,890						1,613						(80)						(166)						5,793
Balance at January 1, 2023			2,086						448						3,769						5,219						9,613						246						—						21,381
Provision for (release of ) credit losses (1)			(144)						183						695						41						(123)						6						(8)						650
Loans charged off			30						—						—						—						5						58						—						93
Less recoveries on loans			(9)						—						—						(2)						(2)						(28)						—						(41)
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries)			21						—						—						(2)						3						30						—						52
Balance at end of period			$	1,921					$	631					$	4,464					$	5,262					$	9,487					$	222					$	(8)					$	21,979
Liability for Unfunded Commitments
Balance at beginning of period			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Adoption of ASU 2016-13			104						341						569						107						150						1						—						1,272
Balance at January 1, 2023			104						341						569						107						150						1						—						1,272
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments			20						48						(7)						3						(8)						—						(26)						30
Balance at end of period			$	124					$	389					$	562					$	110					$	142					$	1					$	(26)					$	1,302
Allowance for credit losses on loans and liability for unfunded commitments			$	2,045					$	1,020					$	5,026					$	5,372					$	9,629					$	223					$	(34)					$	23,281

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)			Commercial, Financial, & Agricultural						Real Estate Construction - Residential						Real Estate Construction - Commercial						Real Estate Mortgage - Residential						Real Estate Mortgage - Commercial						Installment and Other Consumer						Un- allocated						Total
Balance at beginning of period			$	2,717					$	137					$	588					$	2,482					$	10,662					$	256					$	61					$	16,903
Provision for (release of ) loan losses (1)			128						(77)						76						93						(2,897)						56						121						(2,500)
Loans charged off			35						—						—						—						75						56						—						166
Less recoveries on loans			(20)						—						—						(3)						(2)						(17)						—						(42)
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries)			15						—						—						(3)						73						39						—						124
Balance at end of period			$	2,830					$	60					$	664					$	2,578					$	7,692					$	273					$	182					$	14,279

(1) Beginning January 1, 2023, calculation is based on CECL methodology. Prior to January 1, 2023, calculation was based on probable incurred loss methodology.

On January 1, 2023, the Company's adoption of the CECL methodology resulted in an increase to the allowance for credit losses of $5.8 million and a liability for unfunded commitments totaling $1.3 million. Under the CECL methodology, the Company recorded a $0.7 million provision for credit losses in the first quarter of 2023 compared to a $2.5 million release of provision for loan losses in the first quarter of 2022 under the incurred-loss method.

Collateral-Dependent loans

Collateral-dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Under the CECL methodology, for collateral-dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the allowance on the fair value of collateral.

The allowance is calculated on an individual loan basis based on the shortfall between the fair value of the loan’s collateral, which is adjusted for liquidation costs/discounts, and the loan’s amortized cost. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the loan’s amortized cost, no allowance is necessary. The Company’s policy is to obtain appraisals on any significant pieces of collateral. Higher discounts are applied in determining fair value for real estate collateral in industries that are undergoing significant stress, or for properties that are specialized use or have limited marketability.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

There have been no significant changes to the types of collateral securing the Company's collateral-dependent loans since December 31, 2022.

The amortized cost of collateral-dependent loans by class as of March 31, 2023 was as follows:

			Collateral Type
(in thousands)			Real Estate						Other						Allowance Allocated
March 31, 2023
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	—					$	50					$	—
Real estate mortgage − residential			149						—						63
Real estate mortgage − commercial			18,228						—						—
Total			$	18,377					$	50					$	63

Impaired Loans

The following impaired loans disclosures were superseded by ASU 2016-13.

The following table illustrates the allowance for loan losses and recorded investment by portfolio segment based on the impairment method:

(in thousands)			Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural						Real Estate Construction - Residential						Real Estate Construction - Commercial						Real Estate Mortgage - Residential						Real Estate Mortgage - Commercial						Installment and Other Consumer						Un- allocated						Total
December 31, 2022
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment			$	36					$	—					$	11					$	148					$	62					$	1					$	—					$	258
Collectively evaluated for impairment			2,699						157						864						3,181						7,938						325						166						15,330
Total			$	2,735					$	157					$	875					$	3,329					$	8,000					$	326					$	166					$	15,588
Loans outstanding:
Individually evaluated for impairment			$	295					$	—					$	87					$	1,863					$	18,110					$	6					$	—					$	20,361
Collectively evaluated for impairment			244,254						32,095						137,148						359,162						704,619						23,613						—						1,500,891
Total			$	244,549					$	32,095					$	137,235					$	361,025					$	722,729					$	23,619					$	—					$	1,521,252

Loans evaluated under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 310-10-35 include loans which are individually evaluated for impairment. All other loans are collectively evaluated for impairment under ASC 450-20. Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment totaled $20.4 million at December 31, 2022, and were comprised of loans on non-accrual status and loans classified as TDRs.

The net carrying value of impaired loans is based on the fair values of collateral obtained through independent appraisals, internal evaluations, or by discounting the total expected future cash flows. At December 31, 2022, $17.7 million of impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value less estimated selling costs of the loans' collateral.

The categories of impaired loans at December 31, 2022 were as follows:

(in thousands)									December 31, 2022
Non-accrual loans									$	18,700
Performing TDRs									1,661
Total impaired loans									$	20,361

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following tables presents loans individually evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2022, segregated between loans for which an allowance was provided and loans for which no allowance was provided.

(in thousands)			Recorded Investment						Unpaid Principal Balance						Specific Reserves						Average Recorded Investment
December 31, 2022
With no related allowance recorded:
Real estate mortgage − residential			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1
Real estate mortgage − commercial			17,664						18,975						—						16,230
Total			$	17,664					$	18,975					$	—					$	16,231
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial and agricultural			$	295					$	330					$	36					$	319
Real estate construction − commercial			87						127						11						93
Real estate mortgage − residential			1,863						2,080						148						2,189
Real estate mortgage − commercial			446						535						62						428
Installment and other consumer			6						6						1						90
Total			$	2,697					$	3,078					$	258					$	3,119
Total impaired loans			$	20,361					$	22,053					$	258					$	19,350

Credit Quality

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based upon an internal rating system reflecting management’s risk assessment.

•Pass - loans which are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor (or guarantors, if any) or by the fair value, less cost to acquire and sell in a timely manner, of any underlying collateral.

•Watch - loans which have one or more weaknesses identified that may result in the borrower being unable to meet repayment terms or when the Company’s credit position could deteriorate at some future date.

•Substandard - loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified may have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment of the debt. Such loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company may sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

•Doubtful - loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values.

In the following tables, consumer loans are generally assigned a risk grade similar to the classifications described above; however, upon reaching 90 days and 120 days past due, they are generally downgraded to non-accrual status, in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Counsel's Retail Credit Classification Policy.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the recorded investment by risk categories at March 31, 2023:

			Term Loans
			Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year and Risk Grades
(in thousands)			2023						2022						2021						2020						2019						Prior						Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis						Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis						Total
March 31, 2023
Commercial, Financial, & Agricultural
Pass			$	19,920					$	58,909					$	38,221					$	34,975					$	5,761					$	6,911					$	49,034					$	220					$	213,951
Watch			—						2,744						82						724						123						348						3,567						—						7,588
Substandard			386						3,957						58						22						—						—						1,864						—						6,287
Non-accrual (1)			—						50						—						—						21						95						—						—						166
Total			$	20,306					$	65,660					$	38,361					$	35,721					$	5,905					$	7,354					$	54,465					$	220					$	227,992
Real Estate Construction - Residential
Pass			$	12,681					$	28,902					$	965					$	760					$	444					$	—					$	340					$	—					$	44,092
Watch			375						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						375
Substandard			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Non-accrual (1)			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Total			$	13,056					$	28,902					$	965					$	760					$	444					$	—					$	340					$	—					$	44,467
Real Estate Construction - Commercial
Pass			$	12,835					$	64,556					$	72,260					$	1,922					$	73					$	1,185					$	1,498					$	—					$	154,329
Watch			744						1,660						241						—						—						14						103						—						2,762
Substandard			686						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						686
Non-accrual (1)			—						—						—						—						—						83						—						—						83
Total			$	14,265					$	66,216					$	72,501					$	1,922					$	73					$	1,282					$	1,601					$	—					$	157,860
Real Estate Mortgage - Residential
Pass			$	15,427					$	141,707					$	66,939					$	52,760					$	7,517					$	30,034					$	43,232					$	—					$	357,616
Watch			—						212						425						1,294						137						2,292						224						—						4,584
Substandard			—						—						—						—						—						520						—						—						520
Non-accrual (1)			—						56						—						241						—						357						260						—						914
Total			$	15,427					$	141,975					$	67,364					$	54,295					$	7,654					$	33,203					$	43,716					$	—					$	363,634
Real Estate Mortgage - Commercial
Pass			$	36,871					$	234,139					$	194,254					$	96,532					$	29,834					$	53,122					$	12,725					$	501					$	657,978
Watch			85						13,298						12,854						16,706						1,113						1,650						287						—						45,993
Substandard			—						225						2,674						—						46						302						—						—						3,247
Non-accrual (1)			1,789						2,775						13,522						233						—						36						—						—						18,355
Total			$	38,745					$	250,437					$	223,304					$	113,471					$	30,993					$	55,110					$	13,012					$	501					$	725,573
Installment and other Consumer
Pass			$	2,116					$	9,284					$	4,512					$	2,439					$	1,709					$	592					$	1,816					$	—					$	22,468
Watch			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Substandard			—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						—
Non-accrual (1)			—						76						4						—						—						—						—						—						80
Total			$	2,116					$	9,360					$	4,516					$	2,439					$	1,709					$	592					$	1,816					$	—					$	22,548
Total Portfolio
Pass			$	99,850					$	537,497					$	377,151					$	189,388					$	45,338					$	91,844					$	108,645					$	721					$	1,450,434
Watch			1,204						17,914						13,602						18,724						1,373						4,304						4,181						—						61,302
Substandard			1,072						4,182						2,732						22						46						822						1,864						—						10,740
Non-accrual (1)			1,789						2,957						13,526						474						21						571						260						—						19,598
Total			$	103,915					$	562,550					$	407,011					$	208,608					$	46,778					$	97,541					$	114,950					$	721					$	1,542,074

(1) The majority of non-accrual loans have a substandard risk grade

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the risk categories by class at December 31, 2022 (superseded by ASU 2016-13)

(in thousands)			Commercial, Financial, & Agricultural						Real Estate Construction - Residential						Real Estate Construction - Commercial						Real Estate Mortgage - Residential						Real Estate Mortgage - Commercial						Installment and other Consumer						Total
At December 31, 2022
Pass			$	229,949					$	32,095					$	133,785					$	353,121					$	653,552					$	23,613					$	1,426,115
Watch			7,411						—						2,677						5,541						48,041						—						63,670
Substandard			6,894						—						686						500						3,026						—						11,106
Performing TDRs (1)			174						—						—						1,178						309						—						1,661
Non-accrual loans (1)			121						—						87						685						17,801						6						18,700
Total			$	244,549					$	32,095					$	137,235					$	361,025					$	722,729					$	23,619					$	1,521,252

(1) The majority of non-accrual and performing TDRs loans have a substandard risk grade

Delinquent and Non-Accrual Loans

The delinquency status of loans is determined based on the contractual terms of the notes. Loans are generally classified as delinquent once payments become 30 days or more past due. The Company’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest income on any loan when, in the opinion of management, the ultimate collectability of interest or principal is no longer probable. In general, loans are placed on non-accrual status when they become 90 days or more past due. However, management considers many factors before placing a loan on non-accrual status, including the delinquency status of the loan, the overall financial condition of the borrower, the progress of management’s collection efforts and the value of the underlying collateral. Subsequent interest payments received on non-accrual loans are applied to principal if any doubt exists as to the collectability of such principal; otherwise, such receipts are recorded as interest income on a cash basis. Non-accrual loans are returned to accrual status when, in the opinion of management, the financial condition of the borrower indicates that the timely collectability of interest and principal is probable and the borrower demonstrates the ability to pay under the terms of the note through a sustained period of repayment performance, which is generally six months.

The following tables present the recorded investment in non-accrual loans and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(in thousands)			Non-accrual with no Allowance						Non-accrual with Allowance						Total Non-accrual (1)						90 Days Past Due And Still Accruing						Total Non-performing Loans
March 31, 2023
Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural			$	50					$	116					$	166					$	—					$	166
Real estate construction − commercial			—						83						83						—						83
Real estate mortgage − residential			—						914						914						—						914
Real estate mortgage − commercial			18,226						129						18,355						—						18,355
Installment and Other Consumer			—						80						80						1						81
Total			$	18,276					$	1,322					$	19,598					$	1					$	19,599
December 31, 2022
Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural			$	—					$	121					$	121					$	—					$	121
Real estate construction − commercial			—						87						87						—						87
Real estate mortgage − residential			—						685						685						—						685
Real estate mortgage − commercial			17,664						137						17,801						—						17,801
Installment and Other Consumer			—						6						6						1						7
Total			$	17,664					$	1,036					$	18,700					$	1					$	18,701

(1) Includes $0.3 million of restructured loans as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

No material amount of interest income was recognized on non-accrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The following table provides aging information for the Company’s past due and non-accrual loans at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(in thousands)			Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due						30 - 89 Days Past Due						90 Days Past Due And Still Accruing						Non-Accrual						Total
March 31, 2023
Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural			$	227,824					$	2					$	—					$	166					$	227,992
Real estate construction − residential			44,467						—						—						—						44,467
Real estate construction − commercial			157,777						—						—						83						157,860
Real estate mortgage − residential			361,087						1,633						—						914						363,634
Real estate mortgage − commercial			707,032						186						—						18,355						725,573
Installment and Other Consumer			22,375						92						1						80						22,548
Total			$	1,520,562					$	1,913					$	1					$	19,598					$	1,542,074
December 31, 2022
Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural			$	244,392					$	36					$	—					$	121					$	244,549
Real estate construction − residential			32,095						—						—						—						32,095
Real estate construction − commercial			137,148						—						—						87						137,235
Real estate mortgage − residential			359,672						668						—						685						361,025
Real estate mortgage − commercial			704,925						3						—						17,801						722,729
Installment and Other Consumer			23,506						106						1						6						23,619
Total			$	1,501,738					$	813					$	1					$	18,700					$	1,521,252

Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty Subsequent to the Adoption of ASU 2022-02

In the normal course of business, the Company may execute loan modifications with borrowers. These modifications are analyzed to determine whether the modification is considered concessionary, long-term and made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. The Company’s modifications generally include interest rate adjustments, principal reductions, and amortization and maturity date extensions. If a loan modification is determined to be made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the loan is considered collateral-dependent and evaluated as part of the allowance for credit losses as described above in the Allowance for Credit Losses section of this note.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not modify any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company monitors loan payments on an on-going basis to determine if a loan is considered to have a payment default. Determination of payment default involves analyzing the economic conditions that exist for each customer and their ability to generate positive cash flows during the loan term. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not modify any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table presents information regarding modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of March 31, 2023:

			March 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)			Number of contracts						Recorded Investment						% to Total Loans
Commercial, financial and agricultural			2						$	171					0.01%
Real estate mortgage − residential			9						1,336						0.09%
Real estate mortgage − commercial			3						327						0.02%
Total			14						$	1,834					0.12%

Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) Prior to Adoption of ASU 2022-02

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, the Company accounted for a modification to the contractual terms of a loan that resulted in granting a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties as a TDR. See “Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for more information on our TDR policy, and “Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in this report for more information on the adoption of ASU 2022-02.

At March 31, 2022, loans classified as TDRs totaled $2.2 million, of which $0.5 million were classified as non-performing TDRs and $1.7 million were classified as performing TDRs. Both performing and non-performing TDRs are considered impaired loans. When an individual loan is determined to be a TDR, the amount of impairment is based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the underlying collateral less applicable selling costs. Accordingly, specific reserves of $179,000 related to TDRs were allocated to the allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2022.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company had no new TDRs. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company had no TDRs for which there was a payment default within the 12 months following the restructure date.

Loans Held for Sale

The Company designates certain long-term fixed rate personal real estate loans as held for sale. These loans are initially measured at fair value under the fair value option election with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in mortgage banking income. The loans are primarily sold to Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, PennyMac, and various other secondary market investors. At March 31, 2023, the carrying amount of these loans was $1.8 million compared to $0.6 million at December 31, 2022.

(3) Other Real Estate and Other Assets Acquired in Settlement of Loans

			March 31,						December 31,
(in thousands)			2023						2022
Real estate construction - commercial			$	10,094					$	10,094
Real estate mortgage - residential			110						179
Real estate mortgage - commercial			707						1,186
Total			$	10,911					$	11,459
Less valuation allowance for other real estate owned			(2,664)						(2,664)
Total other real estate owned and repossessed assets			$	8,247					$	8,795

Changes in the net carrying amount of other real estate owned and repossessed assets were as follows for the periods indicated:

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Balance at beginning of period															$	11,459					$	13,436
Additions net of (charge-offs)															—						(52)
Proceeds from sales															(557)						(723)
Net gain on sales															9						8
Total other real estate owned															$	10,911					$	12,669
Less valuation allowance for other real estate owned															(2,664)						(2,911)
Balance at end of period															$	8,247					$	9,758

At March 31, 2023, $0.1 million of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties were in the process of foreclosure compared to no such consumer mortgage loans at December 31, 2022.

Activity in the valuation allowance for other real estate owned was as follows for the periods indicated:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Balance at beginning of period															$	2,664					$	2,911
Provision for other real estate owned															—						—
Charge-offs															—						—
Balance at end of period															$	2,664					$	2,911

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(4) Investment Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities classified as available-for-sale at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

									Gross Unrealized
(in thousands)			Total Amortized Cost						Gains						Losses						Fair Value
March 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury			$	5,125					$	13					$	(34)					$	5,104
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			515						—						(25)						490
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			27,499						—						(2,282)						25,217
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			134,531						28						(21,970)						112,589
Mortgage-backed securities			119,360						65						(15,045)						104,380
Other debt securities (a)			11,825						—						(1,099)						10,726
Bank issued trust preferred securities (a)			1,486						—						(339)						1,147
Total available-for-sale securities			$	300,341					$	106					$	(40,794)					$	259,653
December 31, 2022
U.S. Treasury			$	2,198					$	—					$	(46)					$	2,152
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			591						—						(32)						559
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			26,499						—						(2,722)						23,777
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			134,994						—						(25,554)						109,440
Mortgage-backed securities			119,556						7						(16,864)						102,699
Other debt securities (a)			11,825						—						(882)						10,943
Bank issued trust preferred securities (a)			1,486						—						(309)						1,177
Total available-for-sale securities			$	297,149					$	7					$	(46,409)					$	250,747

(a) Certain hybrid instruments possessing characteristics typically associated with debt obligations.

The Company’s investment securities are classified as available for sale. Agency bonds and notes, loan certificates guaranteed by the Small Business Administration, residential and commercial agency mortgage-backed securities, and agency collateralized mortgage obligations include securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association, a U.S. government agency, and the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, and the FHLB, which are U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.

Debt securities with carrying values aggregating approximately $205.3 million and $111.6 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged to secure public funds, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

19

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities classified as available-for-sale at March 31, 2023, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Accrued interest on investments totaled $1.4 million and $1.5 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is included in the accrued interest receivable on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost basis of investments presented below. Further, the Company has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

(in thousands)			Amortized Cost						Fair Value
Due in one year or less			$	10,317					$	10,157
Due after one year through five years			19,015						18,085
Due after five years through ten years			30,663						27,539
Due after ten years			120,986						99,492
Total			$	180,981					$	155,273
Mortgage-backed securities			119,360						104,380
Total available-for-sale securities			$	300,341					$	259,653

Other Investment Securities

Other investment securities include equity securities with readily determinable fair values and other investment securities that do not have readily determinable fair values. Investments in FHLB stock, and Midwest Independent BankersBank (MIB) stock, that do not have readily determinable fair values, are required for membership in those organizations.

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Other securities:
FHLB stock			$	6,035					$	6,156
MIB stock			151						151
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values			54						46
Total other investment securities			$	6,240					$	6,353

20

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Gross unrealized losses on debt securities and the fair value of the related securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

			Less than 12 months												12 months or more
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Unrealized Losses						Total Fair Value						Total Unrealized Losses
March 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury			$	468					$	(3)					$	1,391					$	(31)					$	1,859					$	(34)
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			—						—						490						(25)						490						(25)
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			996						(4)						24,221						(2,278)						25,217						(2,282)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			3,968						(180)						106,281						(21,790)						110,249						(21,970)
Mortgage-backed securities			4,271						(119)						93,925						(14,926)						98,196						(15,045)
Other debt securities			6,652						(348)						4,074						(751)						10,726						(1,099)
Bank issued trust preferred securities			—						—						1,147						(339)						1,147						(339)
Total			$	16,355					$	(654)					$	231,529					$	(40,140)					$	247,884					$	(40,794)
(in thousands)
December 31, 2022
U.S. Treasury			$	1,908					$	(41)					$	244					$	(5)					$	2,152					$	(46)
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			559						(32)						—						—						559						(32)
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			7,066						(933)						16,711						(1,789)						23,777						(2,722)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			79,396						(15,421)						29,370						(10,133)						108,766						(25,554)
Mortgage-backed securities			33,334						(3,124)						68,911						(13,740)						102,245						(16,864)
Other debt securities			7,557						(443)						3,386						(439)						10,943						(882)
Bank issued trust preferred securities			—						—						1,177						(309)						1,177						(309)
Total			$	129,820					$	(19,994)					$	119,799					$	(26,415)					$	249,619					$	(46,409)

The total available-for-sale portfolio consisted of approximately 444 securities at March 31, 2023. The portfolio included 426 securities having an aggregate fair value of $247.9 million that were in a loss position at March 31, 2023. Securities identified as which had been in a loss position for 12 months or longer totaled $231.5 million at fair value at March 31, 2023. The $40.8 million aggregate unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2023 was caused by interest rate fluctuations. As of March 31, 2023, there was no allowance for credit loss related to the Company's available-for-sale securities as the decline in fair value did not result from credit issues.

The total available-for-sale portfolio consisted of approximately 439 securities at December 31, 2022. The portfolio included 436 securities having an aggregate fair value of $249.6 million that were in a loss position at December 31, 2022. Securities identified as temporarily impaired which had been in a loss position for 12 months or longer totaled $119.8 million at fair value at December 31, 2022. The $46.4 million aggregate unrealized loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2022 was caused by interest rate fluctuations. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, these investments were not considered other-than-temporarily impaired at and December 31, 2022.

In the absence of changes in credit quality of these investments, the fair value is expected to recover on all debt securities as they approach their maturity date or re-pricing date, or if market yields for such investments decline. In addition, the Company does not have the intent to sell these investments over the period of recovery, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell such investment securities.

21

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gross realized gains and losses from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities, as well as gains and losses on equity securities from fair value adjustments which have been recognized in earnings:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Investment securities gains (losses), net
Available-for-sale securities:
Gross realized gains															$	—					$	—
Gross realized losses															—						—
Other-than-temporary impairment recognized															—						—
Other investment securities:
Fair value adjustments, net															8						(4)
Investment securities gains (losses), net															$	8					$	(4)

(5) Intangible Assets

Mortgage Servicing Rights

At March 31, 2023, the Company was servicing approximately $235.2 million of loans sold to the secondary market compared to $240.5 million at December 31, 2022, and $261.5 million at March 31, 2022. Mortgage loan servicing fees, reported in real estate servicing fees, net, earned on loans sold were $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The table below presents changes in mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) for the periods indicated.

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Balance at beginning of period															$	2,899					$	2,659
Originated mortgage servicing rights															6						28
Changes in fair value:
Due to changes in model inputs and assumptions (1)															93						30
Other changes in fair value (2)															(64)						(78)
Total changes in fair value															29						(48)
Balance at end of period															$	2,934					$	2,639

(1)The change in fair value resulting from changes in valuation inputs or assumptions, reported in real estate servicing fees, net, used in the valuation model reflects the change in discount rates and prepayment speed assumptions primarily due to changes in interest rates.

(2)Other changes in fair value, reported in real estate servicing fees, net, reflect changes due to customer payments and passage of time.

The following key data and assumptions were used in estimating the fair value of the Company’s MSRs as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively:

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2023						2022
Weighted average constant prepayment rate			6.51		%				9.40		%
Weighted average note rate			3.44		%				3.36		%
Weighted average discount rate			11.00		%				8.00		%
Weighted average expected life (in years)			7.18						6.23

22

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(6) Deposits

The table below represents the aggregate amount of time deposits with balances that met or exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance limit of $250,000 and brokered deposits for the periods indicated.

(aggregate amounts in thousands)															March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Time deposits with balances > $250,000															$	175,251					$	94,859
Brokered deposits															$	40,122					$	40,135

(7) Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Federal funds purchased			$	—					$	—
Repurchase agreements			5,115						5,187
Total			$	5,115					$	5,187

The Company offers a sweep account program whereby amounts in excess of an established limit are “swept” from the customer’s demand deposit account on a daily basis into retail repurchase agreements pursuant to individual repurchase agreements between the Company and its customers. Repurchase agreements are agreements to sell securities subject to an obligation to repurchase the same or similar securities. They are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions, not as sales and purchases of the securities portfolio. The securities collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements with customers is maintained by a designated third-party custodian. The collateral amounts pledged to repurchase agreements by remaining maturity in the table below are limited to the outstanding balances of the related asset or liability; thus amounts of excess collateral are not shown.

Repurchase Agreements			Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
(in thousands)			Overnight and continuous						Less than 90 days						Greater than 90 days						Total
March 31, 2023
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			$	5,115					$	—					$	—					$	5,115
Total			$	5,115					$	—					$	—					$	5,115
December 31, 2022
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			$	5,187					$	—					$	—					$	5,187
Total			$	5,187					$	—					$	—					$	5,187

(8) Leases

The Company's leases primarily consist of office space and bank branches with remaining lease terms of generally one to ten years. As of March 31, 2023, operating right of use (ROU) assets and liabilities were $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the weighted-average remaining lease term on these operating leases was approximately 5.6 years and the weighted-average discount rate used to measure the lease liabilities was approximately 4.0%.

Operating leases in which the Company is the lessee are recorded as operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities. Currently, the Company does not have any finance leases. The ROU assets are included in premises and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets.

Operating lease ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and

23

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

operating lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of the remaining lease payments using a discount rate that represents the Company's incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date.

Operating lease cost, which is comprised of amortization of the ROU asset and the implicit interest accreted on the operating lease liability, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, and is recorded in net occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income. The operating lease cost was $93,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $94,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

At adoption of ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019, lease and non-lease components of new lease agreements are accounted for separately. Lease components include fixed payments, such as rent, real estate taxes and insurance costs and non-lease components include common-area maintenance costs. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; the Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating lease expense for these leases was $28,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $24,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The table below summarizes the maturity of remaining operating lease liabilities:

Lease payments due in:			Operating Lease
(in thousands)
2023 (excluding 3 months ended March 31, 2023)			$	274
2024			258
2025			257
2026			259
2027			262
Thereafter			309
Total lease payments			$	1,619
Less imputed interest			(165)
Total lease liabilities, as reported			$	1,454

(9) Income Taxes

Income taxes as a percentage of earnings before income taxes as reported in the consolidated financial statements were 17.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 18.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The effective tax rate for each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to tax-free revenues.

Included in the effective tax rate is a $13,000 benefit associated with a historic tax credit investment for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The investment is expected to generate a $0.3 million tax benefit over the life of the project and is being recognized under the deferral method of accounting.

The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income of the appropriate character during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning initiatives in making this assessment. In management's opinion, the Company will more likely than not realize the benefits of its deferred tax assets and, therefore, has not established a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2023. Management arrived at this conclusion based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income of the appropriate character over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible.

The Company follows ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, which addresses the accounting for uncertain tax positions. For each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, the Company did not have any uncertain tax provisions, and did not record any related tax liabilities.

24

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(10) Stockholders’ Equity

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the change in the components of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)			Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities (1)						Unrecognized Net Pension and Postretirement Costs (2)						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at beginning of period			$	(36,657)					$	4,943					$	(31,714)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications			5,713						(142)						5,571
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			—						—						—
Current period other comprehensive income (loss), before tax			5,713						(142)						5,571
Income tax (expense) benefit			(1,200)						30						(1,170)
Current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax			4,513						(112)						4,401
Balance at end of period			$	(32,144)					$	4,831					$	(27,313)

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)			Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities (1)						Unrecognized Net Pension and Postretirement Costs (2)						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at beginning of period			$	362					$	2,931					$	3,293
Other comprehensive loss, before reclassifications			(24,787)						—						(24,787)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss			—						—						—
Current period other comprehensive loss, before tax			(24,787)						—						(24,787)
Income tax benefit			5,205						—						5,205
Current period other comprehensive loss, net of tax			(19,582)						—						(19,582)
Balance at end of period			$	(19,220)					$	2,931					$	(16,289)

(1)The pre-tax amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are included in investment securities gains (losses), net in the consolidated statements of income.

(2)The pre-tax amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

(11) Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefits

Employee benefits charged to operating expenses are summarized in the table below for the periods indicated.

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Payroll taxes															$	467					$	441
Medical plans															468						475
401(k) match and profit sharing															290						369
Periodic pension cost															283						437
Other															11						8
Total employee benefits															$	1,519					$	1,730

The Company's profit-sharing plan includes a matching 401(k) portion, in which the Company matches the first 3% of eligible employee contributions. The Company made annual contributions for the discretionary portion in an amount up to 6% of income before income taxes and before contributions to the profit-sharing and pension plans for all participants,

25

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

limited to the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes, for each of the periods shown. In addition, employees were able to make additional tax-deferred contributions.

Other Plans

On November 7, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP), effective as of January 1, 2018. The SERP provides select employees who satisfy certain eligibility requirements with certain benefits upon retirement, termination of employment or death.

The accrued liability relating to the SERP was $1.7 million as of March 31, 2023, and the expense was $93,000 for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 and was recognized over the required service period.

Pension

The Company provides a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan for all full-time and eligible employees. Beginning January 1, 2018 and for all retrospective periods presented, the Company adopted the guidance under ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. Under the guidance, only the service cost component of the net periodic benefit cost is reported in the same income statement line item as salaries and benefits, and the remaining components are reported as other non-interest expense. An employer is required to recognize the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan as an asset or liability in its balance sheet and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. Under the Company’s funding policy for the defined benefit pension plan, contributions are made to a trust as necessary to provide for current service and for any unfunded accrued actuarial liabilities over a reasonable period. To the extent that these requirements are fully covered by assets in the trust, a contribution might not be made in a particular year.

Effective July 1, 2017, the Company amended the pension plan to effectuate a “soft freeze” such that no individual hired (or rehired in the case of a former employee) by the Company after September 30, 2017, whether or not such individual is or was a vested member in the plan, will be eligible to be an active member and be entitled to accrue any benefits under the plan.

Components of Net Pension Cost and Other Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following items are components of net pension cost for the periods indicated:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Service cost - benefits earned during the year															$	254					$	408
Interest costs on projected benefit obligations (a)															365						296
Expected return on plan assets (a)															(545)						(558)
Expected administrative expenses															29						29
Amortization of prior service cost (a)															—						—
Amortization of unrecognized net gain (a)															(142)						—
Net periodic pension cost															$	(39)					$	175

(a)The components of net periodic pension cost other than the service cost and expected administrative expenses are included in other non-interest expense.

Net periodic pension benefit costs include interest costs based on an assumed discount rate, the expected return on plan assets based on actuarially derived market-related values, and the amortization of net actuarial losses. Net periodic postretirement benefit costs include service costs, interest costs based on an assumed discount rate, and the amortization of prior service credits and net actuarial gains. Differences between expected and actual results in each year are included in the net actuarial gain or loss amount, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. The net actuarial gain or loss in excess of a 10% corridor is amortized in net periodic benefit cost over the average remaining service period of active participants in the pension plan. The prior service credit is amortized over the average remaining service period to full eligibility for participating employees expected to receive benefits. Currently, there is no prior service cost or net transition (asset)/obligation to be amortized.

26

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(12) Earnings per Share

Stock Dividend

On July 1, 2022, the Company paid a special stock dividend of 4.0% to common shareholders of record at the close of business on June 15, 2022. For all periods presented, share information, including basic and diluted earnings per share, has been adjusted retroactively to reflect this change.

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential shares that were outstanding during the period.

Presented below is a summary of the components used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per common share, which have been restated for all stock dividends:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)															2023						2022
Basic earnings per share:
Net income available to shareholders															$	3,271					$	6,609
Average shares outstanding															6,768,581						6,864,823
Basic earnings per share															$	0.48					$	0.97
Diluted earnings per share															$	0.48					$	0.97

Repurchase Program

Pursuant to the Company's 2019 Repurchase Plan, management is given discretion to determine the number and pricing of the shares to be purchased, as well as the timing of any such purchases. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the current quarter. As of March 31, 2023, $2.1 million remained available for share repurchases pursuant to the plan.

(13) Fair Value Measurements

Fair value represents the amount expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in its principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation methodologies and assumptions to estimate fair value. The measurement of fair value under U.S. GAAP uses a hierarchy intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy uses three levels of inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities as follows.

The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1 – Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and is used to measure fair value whenever available. A contractually binding sales price also provides reliable evidence of fair value.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 – Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and significant to the fair value. These may be internally developed using the Company’s best information and assumptions that a market participant would consider.

In accordance with fair value accounting guidance, the Company measures, records, and reports various types of assets and liabilities at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Nonfinancial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis would include foreclosed real estate,

27

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

long-lived assets, and core deposit intangible assets, which are reviewed when circumstances or other events indicate that impairment may have occurred.

Valuation Methods for Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Following is a description of the Company’s valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

Available-for-Sale Securities

The fair value measurements of the Company’s investment securities are determined by a third party pricing service which considers observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. The fair value measurements are subject to management's independent verification to another pricing source for reasonableness each quarter.

Other Investment Securities

Other investment securities include equity securities with readily determinable fair values and other investment securities that do not have readily determinable fair values. Investments in FHLB stock, and MIB bankers bank stock, that do not have readily determinable fair values, are required for membership in those organizations. Equity securities that are not actively traded are classified in Level 2.

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. Equity securities that do not have readily determinable fair values are carried at cost and are periodically assessed for impairment. The Company uses Level 1 inputs to value equity securities that are traded in active markets.

Loans Held for Sale

The fair value of the committed in forward sale agreements loans is the price at which they could be sold in the principal market at the measurement date, therefore the Company classifies as Level 2.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities

Derivative assets and liabilities include interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) and forward sale commitments. The fair values of IRLCs and forward sale commitments are determined using readily observable market data such as interest rates, prices, volatility factors, and customer credit-related adjustments. For IRLCs, the fair value is subject to the anticipated loan funding probability (pull-through rate), which is considered an unobservable factor. Factors that affect pull-through rates include origination channel, current mortgage interest rates in the market versus the interest rate incorporated in the IRLC, the purpose of the mortgage, stage of completion of the underlying application and underwriting process, and the time remaining until the IRLC expires. The Company classifies IRLCs as level 3 due to the unobservable input of pull-through rates.

Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSRs)

The fair value of MSRs is based on the discounted value of estimated future cash flows utilizing contractual cash flows, servicing rate, constant prepayment rate, servicing cost, and discount rate factors. Accordingly, the fair value is estimated based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The model incorporates assumptions that market participants use in estimating future net servicing income, including estimates of prepayment speeds, market discount rates, cost to service, float earnings rates, and other ancillary income, including late fees. The valuation models estimate the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The Company classifies its MSRs as Level 3.

28

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

									Fair Value Measurements
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)						Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
March 31, 2023
Assets:
U.S. Treasury			$	5,104					$	5,104					$	—					$	—
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			490						—						490						—
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			25,217						—						25,217						—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			112,589						—						112,589						—
Mortgage-backed securities			104,380						—						104,380						—
Other debt securities			10,726						—						10,726						—
Bank-issued trust preferred securities			1,147						—						1,147						—
Equity securities			54						54						—						—
Interest rate lock commitments			108						—						—						108
Forward sale commitments			6						—						6						—
Loans held for sale			1,753						—						1,753						—
Mortgage servicing rights			2,934						—						—						2,934
Total			$	264,508					$	5,158					$	256,308					$	3,042
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments			$	1					$	—					$	—					$	1
Forward sale commitments			10						—						10						—
Total			$	11					$	—					$	10					$	1
December 31, 2022
Assets:
U.S. Treasury			$	2,152					$	2,152					$	—					$	—
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			559						—						559						—
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises			23,777						—						23,777						—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			109,440						—						109,440						—
Mortgage-backed securities			102,699						—						102,699						—
Other debt securities			10,943						—						10,943						—
Bank-issued trust preferred securities			1,177						—						1,177						—
Equity securities			46						46						—						—
Interest rate lock commitments			20						—						—						20
Forward sale commitments			3						—						3						—
Loans held for sale			591						—						591						—
Mortgage servicing rights			2,899						—						—						2,899
Total			$	254,306					$	2,198					$	249,189					$	2,919
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments			$	18					$	—					$	—					$	18
Forward sale commitments			3						—						3						—
Total			$	21					$	—					$	3					$	18

29

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:

			Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
			Mortgage Servicing Rights												Interest Rate Lock Commitments
			Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)			2023						2022						2023						2022
Balance at beginning of period			$	2,899					$	2,659					$	2					$	286
Total gains or (losses) (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings			29						(48)						106						(8)
Included in other comprehensive income			—						—						—						—
Purchases			—						—						—						—
Sales			—						—						(128)						(286)
Issues			6						28						127						25
Settlements			—						—						—						—
Balance at end of period			$	2,934					$	2,639					$	107					$	17

Valuation Methods for Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Following is a description of the Company’s valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

Collateral-Dependent Impaired Loans

While the overall loan portfolio is not carried at fair value, the Company periodically records non-recurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of those loans. Non-recurring adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans when establishing the allowance for credit losses. Such amounts are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan. In determining the value of real estate collateral, the Company relies on external and internal appraisals of property values depending on the size and complexity of the real estate collateral. The Company maintains staff trained to perform in-house evaluations and also to review third-party appraisal reports for reasonableness. In the case of non-real estate collateral, reliance is placed on a variety of sources, including external estimates of value and judgments based on the experience and expertise of internal specialists. Values of all loan collateral are regularly reviewed by a senior loan committee. Because many of these inputs are not observable, the measurements are classified as Level 3. As of March 31, 2023, the Company identified $18.4 million in collateral-dependent loans that required $0.1 million allowance for credit losses. Related to these loans, there were $5,000 in charge-offs recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2022, the Company identified $15.4 million in collateral-dependent impaired loans that required no specific allowances for losses aggregating. Related to these loans, there were $23,000 in charge-offs recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Other Real Estate and Foreclosed Assets

Other real estate owned (OREO) and foreclosed assets consisted of loan collateral repossessed through foreclosure. This collateral is comprised of commercial and residential real estate and other non-real estate property, including autos, manufactured homes, and construction equipment. Subsequent to foreclosure, these assets are initially carried at fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Fair value, when recorded, is generally based upon appraisals by approved, independent state-certified appraisers. Like impaired loans, appraisals on OREO may be discounted based on the Company’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of appraisal or other information available. During the holding period, valuations are updated periodically, and the assets may be written down to reflect a new cost basis. Because many of these inputs are not observable, the measurements are classified as Level 3.

30

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

									Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)			Total Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)						Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)						Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)												Three Months Ended March 31, Total Gains (Losses)*
March 31, 2023
Assets:
Collateral dependent impaired loans:
Commercial, financial, & agricultural			$	50					—						—						$	50											$	—
Real estate mortgage - residential			86						—						—						86												—
Real estate mortgage - commercial			18,228						—						—						18,228												(5)
Total			$	18,364					$	—					$	—					$	18,364											$	(5)
Other real estate and repossessed assets			$	8,247					$	—					$	—					$	8,247											$	9
March 31, 2022
Assets:
Collateral dependent impaired loans:
Real estate mortgage - commercial			$	15,365					$	—					$	—					$	15,365											$	(23)
Total			$	15,365					$	—					$	—					$	15,365											$	(23)
Other real estate and repossessed assets			$	9,758					$	—					$	—					$	9,758											$	(45)

*Total losses reported for other real estate and foreclosed assets includes charge-offs, valuation write downs, and net losses taken during the periods reported.

(14) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate such value:

Loans

Fair values are estimated for portfolios with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type, such as commercial, real estate, and consumer. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and variable interest rate categories. The fair value of loans, or exit price, is estimated by using the future value of discounted cash flows using comparable market rates for similar types of loan products and adjusted for market factors. The discount rates used are estimated using comparable market rates for similar types of loan products adjusted to be commensurate with the credit risk, overhead costs, and optionality of such instruments.

Federal Funds Sold, Cash, and Due from Banks

The carrying amounts of short-term federal funds sold, interest-earning deposits with banks, and cash and due from banks approximate fair value. Federal funds sold classified as short-term generally mature in 90 days or less.

Certificates of Deposit in Other Banks

Certificates of deposit are other investments made by the Company with other financial institutions that are carried at cost which is equal to fair value.

Cash Surrender Value - Life Insurance

The fair value of Bank-owned life insurance approximates the carrying amount. Upon liquidation of these investments, the Company would receive the cash surrender value which equals the carrying amount.

31

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

For accrued interest receivable and payable, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short maturity for these financial instruments.

Deposits

The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as non-interest-bearing demand, NOW accounts, savings, and money market, is equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

For federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value, as such instruments reprice in a short time period.

Subordinated Notes and Other Borrowings

The fair value of subordinated notes and other borrowings is based on the discounted value of contractual cash-flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered for other borrowed money of similar remaining maturities.

32

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

A summary of the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is as follows:

															March 31, 2023
															Fair Value Measurements
			March 31, 2023												Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets						Other Observable Inputs						Net Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)			Carrying amount						Fair value						(Level 1)						(Level 2)						(Level 3)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks			$	18,301					$	18,301					$	18,301					$	—					$	—
Federal funds sold and overnight interest-bearing deposits			15,472						15,472						15,472						—						—
Certificates of deposit in other banks			2,215						2,215						2,215						—						—
Available-for-sale securities			259,653						259,653						5,104						254,549						—
Other investment securities			6,240						6,240						54						6,186						—
Loans, net			1,520,095						1,434,610						—						—						1,434,610
Loans held for sale			1,753						1,753						—						1,753						—
Cash surrender value - life insurance			2,582						2,582						—						2,582						—
Interest rate lock commitments			108						108						—						—						108
Forward sale commitments			6						6						—						6						—
Accrued interest receivable			7,288						7,288						7,288						—						—
Total			$	1,833,713					$	1,748,228					$	48,434					$	265,076					$	1,434,718
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing demand			$	444,437					$	444,437					$	444,437					$	—					$	—
Savings, interest checking and money market			817,183						817,183						817,183						—						—
Time deposits			346,392						342,896						—						—						342,896
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			5,115						5,115						5,115						—						—
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings			93,000						93,316						—						93,316						—
Subordinated notes			49,486						38,197						—						38,197						—
Interest rate lock commitments			1						1						—						—						1
Forward sale commitments			10						10												10
Accrued interest payable			1,602						1,602						1,602						—						—
Total			$	1,757,226					$	1,742,757					$	1,268,337					$	131,523					$	342,897

33

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

															December 31, 2022
															Fair Value Measurements
			December 31, 2022												Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets						Other Observable Inputs						Net Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)			Carrying amount						Fair value						(Level 1)						(Level 2)						(Level 3)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks			$	18,661					$	18,661					$	18,661					$	—					$	—
Federal funds sold and overnight interest-bearing deposits			65,059						65,059						65,059						—						—
Certificates of deposit in other banks			2,955						2,955						2,955						—						—
Available-for-sale securities			250,747						250,747						2,152						248,595						—
Other investment securities			6,353						6,353						46						6,307						—
Loans, net			1,505,664						1,389,018						—						—						1,389,018
Loans held for sale			591						591						—						591						—
Cash surrender value - life insurance			2,567						2,567						—						2,567						—
Interest rate lock commitments			20						20						—						—						20
Forward sale commitments			3						3						—						3						—
Accrued interest receivable			7,953						7,953						7,953						—						—
Total			$	1,860,573					$	1,743,927					$	96,826					$	258,063					$	1,389,038
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing demand			$	453,443					$	453,443					$	453,443					$	—					$	—
Savings, interest checking and money market			923,602						923,602						923,602						—						—
Time deposits			255,034						250,433						—						—						250,433
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			5,187						5,187						5,187						—						—
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings			98,000						98,000						—						98,000						—
Subordinated notes			49,486						39,197						—						39,197						—
Interest rate lock commitments			18						18						—						—						18
Forward sale commitments			3						3						—						3						—
Accrued interest payable			902						902						902						—						—
Total			$	1,785,675					$	1,770,785					$	1,383,134					$	137,200					$	250,451

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

The fair value of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements, the likelihood of the counterparties drawing on such financial instruments, and the present creditworthiness of such counterparties. The Company believes such commitments have been made on terms that are competitive in the markets in which it operates.

Limitations

The fair value estimates provided are made at a point in time based on market information and information about the financial instruments. Because no market exists for a portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the fair value estimates.

34

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HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(15) Commitments and Contingencies

The Company issues financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business of meeting the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments may involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s extent of involvement and maximum potential exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for financial instruments included on its consolidated balance sheets. At March 31, 2023, no amounts have been accrued for any estimated losses for these financial instruments.

The contractual amount of off-balance-sheet financial instruments were as follows as of the dates indicated:

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Commitments to extend credit			$	383,722					$	388,264
Interest rate lock commitments			10,111						6,331
Forward sale commitments			1,723						576
Standby letters of credit			22,042						49,740
Total			$	417,598					$	444,911

Commitments

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since certain of the commitments and letters of credit are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, furniture and equipment, and real estate.

The Company has two types of commitments related to mortgage loans held for sale: interest rate lock commitments and forward loan sale commitments. Interest rate lock commitments are commitments to extend credit to a customer that has an interest rate lock and are considered derivative instruments.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. These standby letters of credit are primarily issued to support contractual obligations of the Company’s customers. The approximate remaining term of standby letters of credit ranged from one month to five years at March 31, 2023.

Pending Litigation

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal actions incidental to the Company’s past and current business activities. Based on the Company’s analysis, and considering the inherent uncertainties associated with litigation, management does not believe that it is reasonably possible that these legal actions will materially adversely affect the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations in the near term. The Company records a loss accrual for all legal matters for which it deems a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Some legal matters, which are at early stages in the legal process, have not yet progressed to the point where a loss is deemed probable or an amount can be estimated.

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Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of Hawthorn Bancshares, Inc., and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company, we, our, or us), including, without limitation:

•statements that are not historical in nature, and

•statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words believes, expects, may, will, should, could, anticipates, estimates, intends, plans, hopes or similar expressions.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results. They involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements due to, among others, the following factors:

•competitive pressures among financial services companies may increase significantly,

•changes in the interest rate environment may reduce interest margins,

•general economic conditions, either nationally or in Missouri, may be less favorable than expected and may adversely affect the quality of our loans and other assets,

•increases in non-performing assets in the Company’s loan portfolios and adverse economic conditions may necessitate increases to our provisions for credit losses,

•costs or difficulties related to any integration of any business of the Company and its acquisition targets may be greater than expected,

•legislative, regulatory or tax law changes may adversely affect the business in which the Company and its subsidiaries are engaged,

•credit and market risks relating to increasing inflation,

•the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, or any resurgence thereof, or other external events may adversely affect the Company,

•changes may occur in the securities markets,

•changes in the level and direction of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses, including after implementation of the credit impairment model for Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL),

•the continued use, availability, and reliability of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and the risks related to the transition from LIBOR to any alternate reference rate we may use, and

•our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity, primarily through deposits, in light of recent events in the banking industry.

We have described additional factors that could cause actual results to be materially different from those described in the forward-looking statements under the caption Risk Factors in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and in other reports filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) from time to time. Other factors that have not been identified in this report could also have this effect. You are cautioned not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statement, which speak only as of the date they were made. Except as required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events, or changes in its business, results of operations or financial condition over time.

36

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Overview

Crucial to the Company’s community banking strategy is growth in its commercial banking services, retail mortgage lending and retail banking services. Through the branch network of its subsidiary bank, Hawthorn Bank (the Bank), the Company, with $1.9 billion in assets at March 31, 2023, provides a broad range of commercial and personal banking services. The Bank’s specialties include commercial banking for small and mid-sized businesses, including equipment, operating, commercial real estate, Small Business Administration loans, and personal banking services including real estate mortgage lending, installment and consumer loans, certificates of deposit, individual retirement and other time deposit accounts, checking accounts, savings accounts, and money market accounts. Other financial services that the Company provides include trust services that include estate planning, investment and asset management services and a comprehensive suite of cash management services. The geographic areas in which the Company provides products and services include the Missouri communities in and surrounding Jefferson City, Columbia, Clinton, Warsaw, Springfield, St. Louis, and the greater Kansas City metropolitan area.

The Company’s primary source of revenue is net interest income derived primarily from lending and deposit-taking activities. Much of the Company’s business is commercial, commercial real estate development, and residential mortgage lending. The Company’s income from mortgage brokerage activities is directly dependent on mortgage rates and the level of home purchases and refinancing activity.

The success of the Company’s growth strategy depends primarily on the ability of the Bank to generate an increasing level of loans and deposits at acceptable risk levels and on acceptable terms without significant increases in non-interest expenses relative to revenues generated. The Company’s financial performance also depends, in part, on its ability to manage various portfolios and to successfully introduce additional financial products and services by expanding new and existing customer relationships, utilizing improved technology, and enhancing customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the success of the Company’s growth strategy depends on its ability to maintain sufficient regulatory capital levels during periods in which general economic conditions are unfavorable and despite economic conditions being beyond its control.

The Bank is a full-service bank that conducts a general banking business, offering its customers checking and savings accounts, debit cards, certificates of deposit, safety deposit boxes and a wide range of lending services, including commercial and industrial loans, residential real estate loans, single-payment personal loans, installment loans and credit card accounts. In addition, the Bank provides trust services.

The deposit accounts of the Bank are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to the extent provided by law. The operations of the Bank are supervised and regulated by the FDIC and the Missouri Division of Finance. Periodic examinations of the Bank are conducted by representatives of the FDIC and the Missouri Division of Finance. Such regulations, supervision and examinations are principally for the benefit of depositors, rather than for the benefit of shareholders. The Company is subject to supervision and examination by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The following accounting policies are considered most critical to the understanding of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. These critical accounting policies require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. Because these estimates and judgments are based on current circumstances, they may change over time or prove to be inaccurate based on actual experiences. In the event that different assumptions or conditions were to prevail, and depending upon the severity of such changes, the possibility of a materially different financial condition and/or results of operations could reasonably be expected. The impact and any associated risks related to the critical accounting policies on the business operations are discussed throughout Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, where such policies affect the reported and expected financial results.

37

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Allowance for Credit Losses

Management has identified the accounting policy related to the allowance for credit losses as critical to the understanding of the Company’s results of operations, since the application of this policy requires significant management assumptions and estimates that could result in materially different amounts to be reported if conditions or underlying circumstances were to change. Further discussion of the methodology used in establishing the allowance for credit losses and the impact of any associated risks related to these policies and estimates on the Company’s business operations is provided in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and is also discussed in the Lending and Credit Management section below. Many of the loans are deemed collateral-dependent for purposes of the measurement of expected losses, thus the fair value of the underlying collateral and sensitivity of such fair values due to changing market conditions, supply and demand, condition of the collateral and other factors can be volatile over periods of time. Such volatility can have an impact on the financial performance of the Company.

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Executive Summary

The Company has prepared all of the consolidated financial information in this report in accordance with United States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). In preparing the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. There can be no assurances that actual results will not differ from those estimates.

						The Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)																								March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
Net interest income																								$	13,948					$	14,990					$	14,145
Provision for (release of) credit losses on loans & unfunded commitments																								680						100						(2,500)
Non-interest income																								3,182						3,119						3,726
Investment securities gains (losses), net																								8						(2)						(4)
Non-interest expense																								12,478						12,576						12,227
Income before income taxes																								3,980						5,431						8,140
Income tax expense																								709						705						1,531
Net income																								$	3,271					$	4,726					$	6,609
Basic earnings per share																								$	0.48					$	0.70					$	0.97
Diluted earnings per share																								$	0.48					$	0.70					$	0.97
Efficiency ratio (1)																								72.84%						69.46%						68.42%
Net interest spread																								2.57%						3.00%						3.36%
Net interest margin																								3.16%						3.43%						3.50%

(1)Efficiency ratio is calculated as non-interest expense as a percentage of revenue. Total revenue is calculated as net interest income plus non-interest income.

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																								The Three Months Ended
																								March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
Key Financial Ratios
Book value per share																								$	18.96					$	18.76					$	19.58
Market price per share																								$	23.38					$	21.77					$	24.31
Cash dividends paid on common stock																								$	1,150					$	1,151					$	993
Return on total assets																								0.70%						1.01%						1.51%
Return on stockholders' equity																								10.14%						15.72%						18.41%
Average stockholders' equity to total assets																								6.87%						6.45%						8.22%
Capital Ratios
Stockholders' equity to assets																								6.77%						6.62%						7.74%
Total risk-based capital ratio																								13.81%						13.85%						14.66%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio																								12.47%						12.52%						13.44%
Common equity Tier 1 capital																								9.77%						9.89%						10.36%
Tier 1 leverage ratio (1)																								10.43%						10.76%						10.99%
Asset Quality
Net-charge-offs (recoveries)																								$	52					$	17					$	124
Non-performing loans																								$	19,599					$	18,701					$	17,099
Classified assets																								$	91,640					$	95,137					$	104,073
Non-performing loans to total loans																								1.27%						1.23%						1.28%
Non-performing assets to total assets																								1.47%						1.43%						1.55%
Allowance for credit and loan losses to total loans																								1.43%						1.02%						1.07%

(1)Tier 1 leverage ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by average total consolidated assets

Results of Operations Highlights:

Consolidated net income of $3.3 million for the first quarter of 2023 (current quarter) decreased $1.5 million, or 30.8%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2022 (linked quarter) and decreased $3.3 million, or 50.5%, from the first quarter of 2022 (the prior-year quarter). Earnings per diluted share were $0.48 for the current quarter compared to $0.70 and $0.97 for the linked quarter and prior-year quarter, respectively. For the current quarter, the return on average assets was 0.70%, the return on average stockholders’ equity was 10.14%, and the efficiency ratio was 72.8%.

Net interest income of $13.9 million for the first quarter 2023, decreased $1.0 million from the linked quarter, and decreased $0.2 million from the prior year quarter. Net interest margin, on a fully taxable equivalent basis (FTE) basis, was 3.16% for the first quarter, a decrease from 3.43% and 3.50% for the linked quarter and the prior year quarter, respectively. These changes are discussed in greater detail under the Average Balance Sheet Data and Rate and Volume Analysis section below.

Non-interest income for the current quarter was $3.2 million, an increase of $0.1 million, or 2.0%, from the linked quarter, and a decrease of $0.5 million, or 14.6%, from the prior-year quarter. The change in the current quarter compared to the prior-year quarter was primarily due to the decrease in the gain on sale of real estate mortgages of $0.4 million, or 44.1%.

Non-interest expense for the current quarter was $12.5 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 0.8%, from the linked quarter, and an increase of $0.3 million, or 2.1%, from the prior-year quarter.

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Balance Sheet Highlights:

Cash and cash equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $49.9 million, or 59.7%, to $33.8 million at the end of the current quarter as compared to the end of the linked quarter. Year-over-year, cash and cash equivalents decreased $16.7 million, or 33.1%, from $50.5 million at the end of the prior-year quarter. See Liquidity Management for further discussion.

Loans – Loans held for investment increased by $20.8 million, or 1.4%, to $1.5 billion at the end of the current quarter as compared to the end of the linked quarter. Year-over-year, loans held for investment increased $208.2 million, or 15.6%, from $1.3 billion at the end of the prior-year quarter.

Asset quality – Non-performing loans totaled $19.6 million at the end of the current quarter, an increase of $0.9 million from $18.7 million at the end of the linked quarter, and an increase of $2.5 million from $17.1 million at the end of the prior-year quarter. The increase in non-performing loans in the current quarter as compared to the prior-year quarter was primarily due to four large non-accrual loan relationships. The allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.43% at March 31, 2023, compared to the allowance for loan losses to total loans of 1.02% at December 31, 2022 and 1.07% at March 31, 2022. These changes are discussed in greater detail under the Lending and Credit Management section below.

Deposits – Total deposits decreased by $24.1 million, or 1.5%, equal to $1.6 billion at the end of the current quarter as compared to the end of the linked quarter. Year-over-year deposits increased $151.9 million, or 10.4%, from $1.5 billion as of the end of the prior-year quarter.

Capital – On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2016-13 and recorded a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings totaling $5.6 million. Total stockholders' equity was $128.4 million and the common equity to assets ratio was 6.77% at the end of the current quarter as compared to 6.62% and 7.74% at the end of the linked quarter and the prior-year quarter, respectively. Regulatory capital ratios remain “well-capitalized”, with a tier 1 leverage ratio of 10.43% and a total risk-based capital ratio of 13.81% at the end of the current quarter.

Average Balance Sheet Data

Net interest income is the largest source of revenue resulting from the Company’s lending, investing, borrowing, and deposit gathering activities. It is affected both by changes in the level of interest rates and changes in the amounts and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The following table presents average balance sheet data, net interest income, average yields of earning assets, average costs of interest-bearing liabilities, net interest spread and net interest margin on a FTE basis for each of the three month ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The average balances used in this table and other statistical data were calculated using average daily balances.

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			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2023															2022
(Dollars in thousands)			Average Balance						Interest Income/ Expense (1)						Rate Earned/ Paid (1)			Average Balance						Interest Income/ Expense (1)						Rate Earned/ Paid (1)
ASSETS
Loans: (2)
Commercial			$	232,467					$	3,371					5.88%			$	220,888					$	2,832					5.20%
Real estate construction - residential			36,875						608						6.69			23,455						256						4.43
Real estate construction - commercial			147,848						1,862						5.11			95,935						996						4.21
Real estate mortgage - residential			361,853						4,509						5.05			281,824						2,837						4.08
Real estate mortgage - commercial			720,102						8,314						4.68			670,713						6,933						4.19
Installment and other consumer			23,097						227						3.99			22,342						206						3.74
Total loans			$	1,522,242					$	18,891					5.03%			$	1,315,157					$	14,060					4.34%
Loans held for sale			2,751						27						3.98			2,288						20						3.55
Investment securities:
U.S. Treasury			3,189						28						3.56			4,010						5						0.51
U.S. government and federal agency obligations			25,056						99						1.60			27,371						89						1.32
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			110,840						897						3.28			126,577						1,020						3.27
Mortgage-backed securities			103,821						522						2.04			132,922						510						1.56
Other debt securities			12,123						172						5.75			13,456						156						4.70
Total investment securities			$	255,029					$	1,718					2.73%			$	304,336					$	1,780					2.37%
Other investment securities			6,291						93						6.00			5,412						75						5.62
Federal funds sold			50						—						—			6,232						1						0.07
Interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions			48,304						537						4.51			70,824						60						0.34
Total interest earning assets			$	1,834,667					$	21,266					4.70%			$	1,704,249					$	15,996					3.81%
All other assets			87,239															83,294
Allowance for credit losses			(15,783)															(16,926)
Total assets			$	1,906,123														$	1,770,617
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Savings			$	172,574					$	15					0.04%			$	176,648					$	15					0.03%
NOW accounts			208,582						531						1.03			265,542						187						0.29
Interest checking			180,735						1,939						4.35			29,398						28						0.39
Money market			307,682						1,369						1.80			289,140						86						0.12
Time deposits			310,347						1,698						2.22			260,628						389						0.61
Total interest bearing deposits			$	1,179,920					$	5,552					1.91%			$	1,021,356					$	705					0.28%
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			5,236						21						1.63			13,792						10						0.29
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings			96,728						540						2.26			77,397						252						1.32
Subordinated notes			49,486						872						7.15			49,486						324						2.66
Total borrowings			$	151,450					$	1,433					3.84%			$	140,675					$	586					1.69%
Total interest bearing liabilities			$	1,331,370					$	6,985					2.13%			$	1,162,031					$	1,291					0.45%
Demand deposits			432,639															449,175
Other liabilities			11,247															13,849
Total liabilities			$	1,775,256														$	1,625,055
Stockholders' equity			130,867															145,562
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity			$	1,906,123														$	1,770,617
Net interest income (FTE)									$	14,281														$	14,705
Net interest spread															2.57%															3.36%
Net interest margin															3.16%															3.50%

(1)Interest income and yields are presented on a FTE basis using the federal statutory income tax rate of 21%, net of nondeductible interest expense, for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Such adjustments totaled $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)Non-accruing loans are included in the average amounts outstanding.

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Rate and Volume Analysis

The following table summarizes the changes in net interest income on a FTE basis, by major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, identifying changes related to volumes and rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The change in interest due to the combined rate/volume variance has been allocated to rate and volume changes in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of change in each.

									Three Months Ended March 31,
									2023 vs. 2022
																					Change due to
(in thousands)																					Total Change						Average Volume						Average Rate
Interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis: (1)
Loans: (2)
Commercial																					$	539					$	154					$	385
Real estate construction - residential																					352						186						166
Real estate construction - commercial																					866						621						245
Real estate mortgage - residential																					1,672						909						763
Real estate mortgage - commercial																					1,381						533						848
Installment and other consumer																					21						7						14
Loans held for sale																					7						4						3
Investment securities:
U.S. Treasury																					23						(1)						24
U.S. government and federal agency obligations																					10						(8)						18
Obligations of states and political subdivisions																					(123)						(127)						4
Mortgage-backed securities																					12						(126)						138
Other debt securities																					16						(17)						33
Other investment securities																					18						13						5
Federal funds sold																					(1)						(1)						—
Interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions																					477						(25)						502
Total interest income																					$	5,270					$	2,122					$	3,148
Interest expense:
Savings																					$	—					$	—					$	—
NOW accounts																					344						(49)						393
Interest checking																					1,911						643						1,268
Money market																					1,283						6						1,277
Time deposits																					1,309						88						1,221
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase																					11						(9)						20
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings																					288						75						213
Subordinated notes																					548						—						548
Total interest expense																					$	5,694					$	754					$	4,940
Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis																					$	(424)					$	1,368					$	(1,792)

(1)Interest income and yields are presented on a FTE basis using the federal statutory income tax rate of 21%, net of nondeductible interest expense, for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Such adjustments totaled $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

(2)Non-accruing loans are included in the average amounts outstanding.

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Financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 reflected a decrease in net interest income, on a tax equivalent basis, of $0.4 million, or 2.9%. Measured as a percentage of average earning assets, the net interest margin (expressed on a FTE basis) decreased to 3.16% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 3.50% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. While interest income increased $5.3 million in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter, which was driven primarily by higher yields on interest-earning assets and growth in loans, interest expense increased $5.7 million resulting in a $0.4 million decrease in net interest income.

Average interest-earning assets increased $130.4 million, or 7.7%, to $1.83 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.70 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and average interest-bearing liabilities increased $169.3 million, or 14.6%, to $1.33 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.16 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Total interest income (expressed on a FTE basis) was $21.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $16.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company’s rates earned on interest-earning assets were 4.70% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 3.81% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Interest income on loans held for investment was $18.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $14.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Average loans outstanding increased $207.1 million, or 15.7%, to $1.52 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.32 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average yield on loans increased to 5.03% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 4.34% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. See the Lending and Credit Management section for further discussion of changes in the composition of the lending portfolio.

Interest income on available-for-sale securities was $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Average securities decreased $49.3 million, or 16.2%, to $255.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $304.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average yield on securities increased to 2.73% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 2.37% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. See the Liquidity Management section for further discussion.

Total interest expense increased to $7.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company’s rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities were 2.13% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 0.45% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. See the Liquidity Management section for further discussion.

Interest expense on deposits increased to $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Average interest-bearing deposits increased $158.6 million, or 15.5%, to $1.18 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.02 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average cost of deposits increased to 1.91% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 0.28% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Interest expense on borrowings increased $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Average borrowings increased to $151.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $140.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The average cost of borrowings increased to 3.84% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 1.69% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in cost of funds primarily resulted from higher market interest rates.

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Non-Interest Income and Expense

Non-interest income for the periods indicated was as follows:

						Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)																		2023			2022			$ Change						% Change
Non-interest income
Service charges and other fees																		$	684		$	793		$	(109)					(13.7)		%
Bank card income and fees																		960			961			(1)						(0.1)		%
Trust department income																		271			340			(69)						(20.3)		%
Real estate servicing fees, net																		193			231			(38)						(16.5)		%
Gain on sales of mortgage loans, net																		496			888			(392)						(44.1)		%
Other																		578			513			65						12.7		%
Total non-interest income																		$	3,182		$	3,726		$	(544)					(14.6)		%
Non-interest income as a % of total revenue *																		18.6		%	20.8		%

*Total revenue is calculated as net interest income plus non-interest income.

Total non-interest income decreased $0.5 million, or 14.6%, to $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in gain on sale of real estate mortgages due to lower volumes of real estate mortgage loans sold as further discussed below.

Real estate servicing fees, net of the change in valuation of mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) remained relatively flat at $0.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2022.

Mortgage loan servicing fees earned on loans sold were $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The current quarter's MSR valuation increased $29,000 from December 31, 2022 primarily due to an increase in market rates. Mortgage rates have increased significantly to over 6.0% for a new thirty-year conforming mortgage. The Company was servicing $235.2 million of mortgage loans at March 31, 2023 compared to $240.5 million and $261.5 million at December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively.

Gain on sales of mortgage loans decreased $0.4 million to $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company sold $20.2 million of loans for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $29.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The following table presents the gross realized gains and losses from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities, as well as gains and losses on equity securities from fair value adjustments, which were recognized in earnings:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)															2023						2022
Investment securities gains (losses), net
Available-for-sale securities:
Gross realized gains															$	—					$	—
Gross realized losses															—						—
Other-than-temporary impairment recognized															—						—
Other investment securities:
Fair value adjustments, net															8						(4)
Investment securities gains (losses), net															$	8					$	(4)

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Non-interest expense for the periods indicated was as follows:

									Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)																					2023			2022			$ Change						% Change
Non-interest expense
Salaries																					$	5,484		$	5,156		$	328					6.4%
Employee benefits																					1,519			1,730			(211)						(12.2)
Occupancy expense, net																					795			786			9						1.1
Furniture and equipment expense																					752			755			(3)						(0.4)
Processing, network and bank card expense																					1,157			1,142			15						1.3
Legal, examination, and professional fees																					505			440			65						14.8
Advertising and promotion																					357			293			64						21.8
Postage, printing, and supplies																					193			190			3						1.6
Loan expense																					385			145			240						165.5
Other																					1,331			1,590			(259)						(16.3)
Total non-interest expense																					$	12,478		$	12,227		$	251					2.1%
Efficiency ratio*																					72.8		%	68.4		%
Number of full-time equivalent employees																					315			306

*Efficiency ratio is calculated as non-interest expense as a percent of revenue. Total revenue is calculated as net interest income plus non-interest income.

Total non-interest expense increased $0.3 million to $12.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Salaries increased $0.3 million, or 6.4%, to $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to annual merit increases.

Employee benefits decreased $0.2 million, or 12.2%, to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in 401(k) plan contributions, medical premiums, and pension cost due to higher annual discount rate assumptions compared to the prior year's annual assumptions.

Loan expense increased $0.2 million, or 165.5%, to $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to recognition of adjustment to dealers reserve that was related to prior years' activity.

Other non-interest expense decreased $0.3 million, or 16.3%, to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decreases were primarily related to the change in the fair value adjustment for mortgage banking derivatives, telephone, and software expense related to network upgrades and maintenance agreements.

Income Taxes

Income taxes as a percentage of earnings before income taxes as reported in the consolidated financial statements were 17.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 18.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to the decrease in earnings,and an increase in tax-exempt income and additional tax planning initiatives. The effective tax rate for each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to tax-free revenues.

Included in the effective tax rate is a $13,000 benefit associated with a historic tax credit investment for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The investment is expected to generate a $331,000 tax benefit over the life of the project and is being recognized under the deferral method of accounting.

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Lending and Credit Management

Interest earned on the loan portfolio is a primary source of interest income for the Company. Net loans represented 80.2% of total assets as of March 31, 2023 compared to 78.3% as of December 31, 2022.

Lending activities are conducted pursuant to an established loan policy approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. The Bank’s credit review process is overseen by regional loan committees with established loan approval limits. In addition, a senior loan committee reviews all credit relationships in the aggregate over an established dollar amount. The senior loan committee meets weekly and is comprised of senior managers of the Bank.

Major classifications within the Company’s held-for-investment loan portfolio as of the dates indicated were as follows:

			March 31, 2023									December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)			Amount			% of Loans						Amount			% of Loans
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	227,992		14.8		%				$	244,549		16.1		%
Real estate construction − residential			44,467			2.9						32,095			2.1
Real estate construction − commercial			157,860			10.2						137,235			9.0
Real estate mortgage − residential			363,634			23.6						361,025			23.7
Real estate mortgage − commercial			725,573			47.1						722,729			47.5
Installment and other consumer			22,548			1.5						23,619			1.6
Total loans held for investment			$	1,542,074		100.0		%				$	1,521,252		100.0		%

The Company extends credit to its local community markets through traditional real estate mortgage products. The Company does not participate in credit extension to sub-prime residential real estate markets. The Company does not lend funds for transactions defined as “highly leveraged” by bank regulatory authorities or for foreign loans. Additionally, the Company does not have any concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans that are not otherwise disclosed in the loan portfolio composition table. The Company does not have any interest-earning assets that would have been included in non-accrual, past due, or restructured loans if such assets were loans.

The Company generally does not retain long-term fixed rate residential mortgage loans in its portfolio. Fixed-rate loans conforming to standards required by the secondary market are offered to qualified borrowers but are not funded until the Company has a non-recourse purchase commitment from the secondary market at a predetermined price. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company sold approximately $20.2 million of loans to investors compared to $29.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2023, the Company was servicing approximately $235.2 million of loans sold to the secondary market compared to $240.5 million at December 31, 2022, and $261.5 million at March 31, 2022.

Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio

Management, internal loan review and the senior loan committee formally review all loans in excess of certain dollar amounts (periodically established) at least annually. Loans in excess of $2.0 million in the aggregate and all adversely classified credits identified by management are reviewed by the senior loan committee. In addition, all other loans are reviewed on a risk weighted selection process. The senior loan committee reviews and reports to the Board of Directors, at scheduled meetings: past due, classified, and watch list loans in order to classify or reclassify loans as loans requiring attention, substandard, doubtful, or loss. During this review, management will evaluate individual loans for expected credit losses when those loans do not share similar risk characteristics with loans evaluated using a collective (pooled) basis. Management follows the guidance provided in the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 326-20-30-2. If management determines that it is probable that all amounts due on a loan will not be collected under the original terms of the loan agreement, the loan is individually analyzed and in conjunction with current economic conditions and loss experience, reserves are estimated as further discussed below.

Loans not individually evaluated are aggregated and collectively analyzed. Under ASC 326-20-30-2 and ASC 326-20-55-5, the Company should aggregate financial assets based on similar risk characteristics. Management determined that segmenting loans not individually analyzed by the federal call report codes represents the most prudent way to consolidate loans by their associated risk qualities.

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General reserves are recorded for collectively analyzed loans using a consistent methodology. Two different models are used for calculating the general reserve. The Discounted Cash Flow model considers quantitative peer group historic loss experience, forecasts over the estimated life of the loan pools, industry data, and qualitative or environmental factors, such as: lending policies and procedures; economic conditions; the nature, volume and terms of the portfolio; lending staff and management; past due loans; the loan review system; collateral values; concentrations of credit; and external factors. The Remaining Life model applies a long-term average loss rate calculated using peer data that is adjusted for qualitative or environmental factors such as those previously noted. The model used depends on the loan portfolio segment.

Management believes, but there can be no assurance, that these procedures keep management informed of potential problem loans. Based upon these procedures, both the allowance and provision for credit losses are adjusted to maintain the allowance at a level considered necessary by management to provide for expected losses inherent in the loan portfolio.

Non-Performing Assets

The following table summarizes non-performing assets at the dates indicated:

			March 31,						December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)			2023						2022
Non-accrual loans (c):
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	166					$	121
Real estate construction − commercial			83						87
Real estate mortgage − residential			914						685
Real estate mortgage − commercial			18,355						17,801
Installment and other consumer			80						6
Total			$	19,598					$	18,700
Loans contractually past - due 90 days or more and still accruing:
Installment and other consumer			$	1					$	1
Total			$	1					$	1
Total non-performing loans (a)			19,599						18,701
Other real estate owned and repossessed assets			8,247						8,795
Total non-performing assets			$	27,846					$	27,496
Loans held for investment			$	1,542,074					$	1,521,252
Allowance for credit losses on loans			21,979						15,588
Restructured loans accruing			1,571						1,661
Allowance for credit and loan losses to loans, respectively			1.43		%				1.02		%
Non-accrual loans to total loans			1.27		%				1.23		%
Non-performing loans to loans (a)			1.27		%				1.23		%
Non-performing assets to loans (b)			1.81		%				1.81		%
Non-performing assets to assets (b)			1.47		%				1.43		%
Allowance for credit and loan losses to non-accrual loans, respectively			112.15		%				83.36		%
Allowance for credit and loan losses to non-performing loans, respectively			112.14		%				83.35		%

(a)Non-performing loans include loans 90 days past due and accruing, non-accrual loans, and non-performing TDRs included in non-accrual loans and 90 days past due.

(b)Non-performing assets include non-performing loans and other real estate owned and repossessed assets.

(c)Non-accrual loans include $0.3 million of restructured loans as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Total non-performing assets were $27.8 million, or 1.81% of total loans, at March 31, 2023 compared to $27.5 million, or 1.81% of total loans, at December 31, 2022.

Total non-accrual loans at March 31, 2023 increased $0.9 million, or 4.8%, to $19.6 million compared to $18.7 million at December 31, 2022. There were $1,000 in loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest at both March 31, 2023 and

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December 31, 2022. Other real estate and repossessed assets were $8.2 million and $8.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no non-accrual loans, net of charge-offs taken, added to other real estate owned and repossessed assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, an additional $0.1 million charge-off was recorded related to a property that moved into other real estate owned at the end of the fourth quarter of 2021.

As of March 31, 2023, approximately $10.7 million of loans classified as substandard, which include accruing restructured loans, and were not included in the non-performing asset table, were identified as potential problem loans having more than normal risk which raised doubts as to the ability of the borrower to comply with present loan repayment terms, compared to $12.8 million at December 31, 2022. Management believes the allowance for credit losses was sufficient to cover the risks and expected / probable losses related to such loans at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Provision and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Liability for Unfunded Commitments

Allowance for Credit Losses

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) which provides for the CECL credit loss model. The adoption of the standard resulted in an increase to the allowance for credit losses of $5.8 million and a new liability for unfunded commitments totaling $1.3 million. These one-time cumulative adjustments resulted in a $5.6 million tax-effected decrease to retained earnings.

The following table is a summary of the allocation of the allowance for credit losses:

			March 31, 2023									December 31, 2022
(in thousands)			Amount			% of loans in each category to total loans						Amount			% of loans in each category to total loans
Allocation of allowance for credit losses at end of period:
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	1,921		14.8		%				$	2,735		16.1		%
Real estate construction − residential			631			2.9						157			2.1
Real estate construction − commercial			4,464			10.2						875			9.0
Real estate mortgage − residential			5,262			23.6						3,329			23.7
Real estate mortgage − commercial			9,487			47.1						8,000			47.5
Installment and other consumer			222			1.5						326			1.6
Unallocated			(8)			—						166			—
Total			$	21,979		100.0		%				$	15,588		100.0		%

The allowance for credit losses was $22.0 million, or 1.43%, of loans outstanding at March 31, 2023 compared to $15.6 million, or 1.02%, of loans outstanding at December 31, 2022. The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans was 112.14% at March 31, 2023, compared to the allowance for loan losses of 83.35% at December 31, 2022.

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Provision for (Release of) Credit Losses

			Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)			2023						2022
Provision for (release of) credit losses on loans			$	650					$	(2,500)
Provision for available-for-sale securities			—						—
Provision for credit losses for off-balance sheet commitments			30						—
Total Provision for (release of) credit losses			$	680					$	(2,500)

The Company recognized a provision for credit losses of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to a release of provision for loan losses of $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The release of provision expense primarily resulted from the release of specific reserves totaling $2.8 million in the first quarter of 2022 due to returning the balances related to one loan relationship to accrual status from non-accrual status.

The following table summarizes credit loss experience for the periods indicated:

			Three Months Ended March 31,
			2023																		2022
(Dollars in thousands)			Net Charge-offs (Recoveries)						Average Loans						Net (Recoveries) Charge-offs / Average Loans						Net Charge-offs (Recoveries)						Average Loans						Net (Recoveries) Charge-offs / Average Loans
Commercial, financial, and agricultural			$	21					$	232,467					0.01		%				$	15					$	220,888					0.01		%
Real estate construction − residential			—						36,875						—						—						23,455						—
Real estate construction − commercial			—						147,848						—						—						95,935						—
Real estate mortgage − residential			(2)						361,853						—						(3)						281,824						—
Real estate mortgage − commercial			3						720,102						—						73						670,713						0.01
Installment and other consumer			30						23,097						0.13						39						22,342						0.17
Total			$	52					$	1,522,242					—		%				$	124					$	1,315,157					0.01		%

Net Loan Charge-Offs (Recoveries)

The Company’s net charge-offs were $0.1 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $0.1 million, or 0.01% of average loans, for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Loans Held for Sale

The Company designates certain long-term fixed rate personal real estate loans as held for sale. These loans are initially measured at fair value under the fair value option election with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in mortgage banking income. The loans are primarily sold to Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, and PennyMac and other various secondary market investors. At March 31, 2023, the carrying amount of these loans was $1.8 million compared to $0.6 million at December 31, 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity Management

The role of liquidity management is to ensure that funds are available to meet depositors’ withdrawal and borrowers’ credit demands while at the same time maximizing profitability. This is accomplished by balancing changes in demand for funds with changes in the supply of those funds. Liquidity to meet these demands is provided by maturing assets, short-term liquid assets that can be converted to cash and the ability to attract funds from external sources, principally depositors. Due

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to the nature of services offered by the Company, management prefers to focus on transaction accounts and full-service relationships with customers as the primary sources of funding.

The Company’s Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO), primarily made up of senior management, has direct oversight responsibility for the Company’s liquidity position and profile. A combination of daily, weekly, and monthly reports provided to management detail the following: internal liquidity metrics, composition and level of the liquid asset portfolio, timing differences in short-term cash flow obligations, available pricing and market access to the financial markets for capital, and exposure to contingent draws on the Company’s liquidity.

The Company has a number of sources of funds to meet liquidity needs on a daily basis. The Company’s most liquid assets are comprised of available-for-sale investment securities, not including other debt securities, federal funds sold, and excess reserves held at the Federal Reserve.

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Federal funds sold			$	47					$	46
Other interest-bearing deposits			15,425						65,013
Certificates of deposit in other banks			2,215						2,955
Available-for-sale investment securities			259,653						250,747
Total			$	277,340					$	318,761

Federal funds sold and resale agreements normally have overnight maturities and are used for general daily liquidity purposes. The fair value of the available-for-sale investment portfolio was $259.7 million at March 31, 2023 and included an unrealized net loss of $40.7 million. The portfolio includes projected maturities and mortgage-backed securities pay-downs of approximately $10.3 million over the next 12 months, which offer resources to meet either new loan demand or reductions in the Company’s borrowings.

The Company pledges portions of its investment securities portfolio to secure public fund deposits, federal funds purchase lines, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank, and for other purposes as required or permitted by law. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s unpledged securities in the available-for-sale portfolio totaled approximately $54.4 million and $139.2 million, respectively.

Total investment securities pledged for these purposes were as follows:

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Investment securities pledged for the purpose of securing:
Federal Reserve Bank borrowings			$	8,846					$	8,563
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			8,807						8,601
Other deposits			187,641						94,432
Total pledged, at fair value			$	205,294					$	111,596

Liquidity is available from the Company’s base of core customer deposits, defined as demand, interest checking, savings, money market deposit accounts, and time deposits less than $250,000, less all brokered deposits under $250,000. At March 31, 2023, such deposits totaled $1.4 billion and represented 86.6% of the Company’s total deposits. These core deposits are normally less volatile and are often tied to other products of the Company through long-lasting relationships.

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Core deposits at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Core deposit base:
Non-interest bearing demand			$	444,437					$	453,443
Interest checking			338,223						440,611
Savings and money market			438,838						442,856
Other time deposits			171,141						160,174
Total			$	1,392,639					$	1,497,084

Estimated uninsured deposits totaled $463.7 million, including $175.3 million of certificates of deposit, at March 31, 2023, compared to $420.3 million, including $94.9 million of certificates of deposit, at December 31, 2022. The Company had brokered deposits totaling $40.1 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Included within in the uninsured deposits at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are public funds deposits greater than $250,000 which are collateralized by the Company totaling $183.3 million and $111.6 million, respectively. The estimated uninsured and uncollateralized deposits ratio to total deposits at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was 17% and 19%, respectively.

Other components of liquidity are the level of borrowings from third-party sources and the availability of future credit. The Company’s outside borrowings are comprised of securities sold under agreements to repurchase, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances, and subordinated notes. Federal funds purchased are overnight borrowings obtained mainly from upstream correspondent banks with which the Company maintains approved credit lines. As of March 31, 2023, under agreements with these unaffiliated banks, the Bank may borrow up to $35.0 million in federal funds on an unsecured basis and $8.3 million on a secured basis. There were no federal funds purchased outstanding at March 31, 2023. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are generally borrowed overnight and are secured by a portion of the Company’s investment portfolio. At March 31, 2023, there were $5.1 million in repurchase agreements. The Company may periodically borrow additional short-term funds from the Federal Reserve Bank through the discount window, although no such borrowings were outstanding at March 31, 2023.

The Bank is a member of the FHLB and has access to credit products of the FHLB. As of March 31, 2023, the Bank had $93.0 million in outstanding borrowings with the FHLB. In addition, the Company has $49.5 million in outstanding subordinated notes issued to wholly owned grantor trusts, funded by preferred securities issued by the trusts.

Borrowings outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:

(in thousands)			March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
Borrowings:
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase			$	5,115					$	5,187
Federal Home Loan Bank advances			93,000						98,000
Subordinated notes			49,486						49,486
Total			$	147,601					$	152,673

The Company pledges certain assets, including loans and investment securities to the Federal Reserve Bank, FHLB, and other correspondent banks as security to establish lines of credit and to borrow from these entities. Based on the type and value of collateral pledged, the FHLB establishes a collateral value from which the Company may draw advances against this collateral. This collateral is also used to enable the FHLB to issue letters of credit in favor of public fund depositors of the Company. The Federal Reserve Bank also establishes a collateral value of assets pledged to support borrowings from the discount window.

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The following table reflects collateral value of assets pledged, borrowings, and letters of credit outstanding, in addition to the estimated future funding capacity available to the Company as follows:

			March 31, 2023																								December 31, 2022
(in thousands)			FHLB						Federal Reserve Bank						Federal Funds Purchased Lines						Total						FHLB						Federal Reserve Bank						Federal Funds Purchased Lines						Total
Advance equivalent			$	370,125					$	8,334					$	35,000					$	413,459					$	355,391					$	8,058					$	60,000					$	423,449
Letters of credit			(19,500)						—						—						(19,500)						(47,500)						—						—						(47,500)
Advances outstanding			(93,000)						—						—						(93,000)						(98,000)						—						—						(98,000)
Total available			$	257,625					$	8,334					$	35,000					$	300,959					$	209,891					$	8,058					$	60,000					$	277,949

At March 31, 2023, loans of $598.1 million were pledged to the FHLB as collateral for borrowings and letters of credit. At March 31, 2023, investments with a market value of $8.8 million were pledged to secure federal funds purchase lines and borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank.

Based upon the above, management believes the Company has more than adequate liquidity, both on balance sheet and through the additional funding capacity with the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank and Federal funds purchased lines to meet future anticipated liquidity needs in both the short and long-term.

Sources and Uses of Funds

Cash and cash equivalents were $33.8 million at March 31, 2023 compared to $83.7 million at December 31, 2022. The $49.9 million decrease resulted from changes in the various cash flows produced by operating, investing, and financing activities of the Company, as shown in the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Cash flow provided from operating activities consists mainly of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items. Operating activities provided cash flow of $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Investing activities, consisting mainly of purchases, sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities, and changes in the level of the loan portfolio, used total cash of $23.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The cash outflow primarily consisted of a net increase in loans held for investment of $20.9 million and $8.5 million in purchases of investment securities, partially offset by $5.0 million from maturities, calls and sales of investment securities.

Financing activities used total cash of $30.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, resulting primarily from a $115.4 million decrease in demand deposits and interest-bearing transaction accounts. These decreases were partially offset by a $91.4 million increase in time deposits.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into certain forms of off-balance sheet transactions, including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit. These transactions are managed through the Company’s various risk management processes. Management considers both on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet transactions in its evaluation of the Company’s liquidity. The Company had $417.6 million in unused loan commitments and standby letters of credit as of March 31, 2023. Although the Company’s current liquidity resources are adequate to fund this commitment level, the nature of these commitments is such that the likelihood of such a funding demand is very low.

The Company is a legal entity, separate and distinct from the Bank, which must provide its own liquidity to meet its operating needs. The Company’s ongoing liquidity needs primarily include funding its operating expenses, paying cash dividends to its shareholders and, to a lesser extent, repurchasing its shares of common stock. The Company paid cash dividends to its shareholders totaling approximately $1.2 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. A large portion of the Company’s liquidity is obtained from the Bank in the form of dividends. The Bank declared and paid $1.5 million and $3.5 million in dividends to the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling $2.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively. Subject to declaration by the Company's Board of Directors, the Company expects to continue paying quarterly cash dividends as a part of its current capital allocation strategy. Future dividends will be subject to the determination, declaration and discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and compliance with applicable regulatory capital requirements.

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Pursuant to the Company's 2019 Repurchase Plan, management is given discretion to determine the number and pricing of the shares to be purchased, as well as the timing of any such purchases. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the three months ended March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, $2.1 million remained available for share repurchases pursuant to the plan. Repurchases under the plan may be effectuated in the open market, by block purchase, in privately negotiated transactions, or through other transactions managed by broker-dealers, or any combination thereof. No time limit was set for completion of share repurchases under the plan.

Capital Management

The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification of the Company and the Bank are subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk-weightings, and other factors.

In July 2013, the federal banking agencies issued final rules to implement the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act (the "Basel III Rules"). The phase-in period for the Company began on January 1, 2015. The Federal Reserve System's capital adequacy guidelines require that bank holding companies maintain a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to at least 4.5% of its risk-weighted assets, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to at least 6% of its risk-weighted assets and a total risk-based capital ratio equal to at least 8% of its risk-weighted assets. In addition, bank holding companies generally are required to maintain a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 4%.

In addition to the higher requirements, the Basel III Rules established that bank holding companies are required to maintain a common equity Tier 1 capital conservation buffer of at least 2.5% of risk-weighted assets over and above the minimum risk-based capital requirements. Institutions that do not maintain the required capital buffer will become subject to progressively more stringent limitations on the percentage of earnings that can be paid out in dividends or used for stock repurchases and on the payment of discretionary bonuses to senior executive management. The capital conservation buffer requirement was phased in over four years beginning in 2016. On January 1, 2016, the first phase of the requirement went into effect at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets, and increased each subsequent year by an additional 0.625 percentage points, to reach its final level of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets on January 1, 2019. At December 31, 2019, the capital conservation buffer requirement of 2.5% effectively raised the minimum required risk-based capital ratios to 7% common equity Tier 1 capital, 8.5% Tier 1 capital and 10.5% total capital on a fully phased-in basis.

Because the Bank had less than $15.0 billion in total consolidated assets as of December 31, 2009, the Company is allowed to continue its trust preferred securities, all of which were issued prior to May 19, 2010, as Tier 1 capital.

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Under the Basel III Rules, at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company met all capital adequacy requirements and had regulatory capital ratios in excess of the levels established for well-capitalized institutions, as shown in the following table as of periods indicated:

			Actual												Minimum Capital Required - Basel III Fully Phased-In												Required to be Considered Well- Capitalized
(Dollars in thousands)			Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio						Amount						Ratio
March 31, 2023
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	225,994					13.81		%				$	171,862					10.50		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			224,411						13.76		%				171,305						10.50		%				163,148						10.00		%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	204,030					12.47		%				$	139,127					8.50		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			206,268						12.64		%				138,676						8.50		%				130,518						8.00		%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	159,851					9.77		%				$	114,575					7.00		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			206,268						12.64		%				114,203						7.00		%				106,046						6.50		%
Tier 1 leverage ratio (to adjusted average assets):
Company			$	204,030					10.43		%				$	78,225					4.00		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			206,268						10.60		%				77,832						4.00		%				97,290						5.00		%
December 31, 2022
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	222,873					13.85		%				$	169,025					10.50		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			221,066						13.78		%				168,431						10.50		%				160,410						10.00		%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	201,595					12.52		%				$	136,830					8.50		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			205,318						12.80		%				136,349						8.50		%				128,328						8.00		%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets):
Company			$	159,125					9.89		%				$	112,684					7.00		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			205,318						12.80		%				112,287						7.00		%				104,267						6.50		%
Tier 1 leverage ratio:
Company			$	201,595					10.76		%				$	74,936					4.00		%				$	—					N.A%
Bank			205,318						10.85		%				75,678						4.00		%				94,598						5.00		%

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Asset/Liability and Interest Rate Risk

Management and the Board of Directors are responsible for managing interest rate risk and employing risk management policies that monitor and limit this exposure. Interest rate risk is measured using net interest income simulations and market value of portfolio equity analyses. These analyses use various assumptions, including the nature and timing of interest rate changes, yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit decay rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, and reinvestment/replacement of asset and liability cash flows.

The principal objective of the Company’s asset and liability management function is to evaluate the interest rate risk within the balance sheet and pursue a controlled assumption of interest rate risk while maximizing earnings and preserving adequate levels of liquidity and capital. The asset and liability management function is under the guidance of the ALCO with direction from the Board of Directors. The ALCO meets monthly to review, among other things, the sensitivity of the Company’s assets and liabilities to interest rate changes, and local and national market conditions and rates. The ALCO also reviews the liquidity, capital, deposit mix, loan mix and investment positions of the Company.

Instantaneous parallel rate shift scenarios are modeled and utilized to evaluate risk and establish exposure limits for acceptable changes in net interest margin. These scenarios, known as rate shocks, simulate an instantaneous change in interest rates and use various assumptions, including, but not limited to, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit decay rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, reinvestment and replacement of asset and liability cash flows.

Management analyzes the economic value of equity as a secondary measure of interest rate risk. This is a complementary measure to net interest income where the calculated value is the result of the market value of assets less the market value of liabilities. The economic value of equity is a longer term view of interest rate risk because it measures the present value of the future cash flows. The impact of changes in interest rates on this calculation is analyzed for the risk to our future earnings and is used in conjunction with the analyses on net interest income.

The table below illustrates the impact of an immediate and sustained 200 and 100 basis point increase and a 200 and 100 basis point decrease in interest rates on net interest income based on the interest rate risk model at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

						% Change in projected net interest income
Hypothetical shift in interest rates						March 31,						December 31,
(bps)						2023						2022
200						0.58%						3.01%
100						0.92%						3.78%
(100)						2.27		%				5.20		%
(200)						2.79		%				5.80		%

The change in the Company’s interest rate risk exposure from December 31, 2022 to March 31, 2023 was primarily due to a change in the profile of the Company’s funding sources. At December 31, 2022, the Company had higher balances in customer deposit accounts, including a seasonal spike in certain public funds account balances. This funding source reprices immediately as interest rates change. Since December 31, 2022, there has been a shift from deposits that reprice immediately as the federal funds rate changes to more fixed-rate funding sources, including time deposits. A change in the mix of funding sources translates into lower projected net interest income growth when compared to December 31, 2022. The Company’s balance sheet is liability sensitive, where interest rate decreases translate into higher net interest income. Management believes that the change in projected net interest income from interest rate shifts of up 200 bps and down 200 bps is an acceptable level of interest rate risk.

Many assumptions are used to calculate the impact of interest rate fluctuations. Actual results may be significantly different than our projections due to several factors, including the timing and frequency of rate changes, market conditions and the shape of the yield curve. The computations of interest rate risk shown above do not include actions that management may

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undertake to manage the risks in response to anticipated changes in interest rates and actual results may also differ due to any actions taken in response to the changing rates.

Effects of Inflation

The effects of inflation on financial institutions are different from the effects on other commercial enterprises since financial institutions make few significant capital or inventory expenditures, which are directly affected by changing prices. Because bank assets and liabilities are virtually all monetary in nature, inflation does not affect a financial institution as much as do changes in interest rates. The general level of inflation does underlie the general level of most interest rates, but interest rates do not increase at the rate of inflation as do prices of goods and services. Rather, interest rates react more to changes in the expected rate of inflation and to changes in monetary and fiscal policy.

Inflation does have an impact on the growth of total assets in the banking industry, often resulting in a need to increase capital at higher than normal rates to maintain an appropriate capital to asset ratio. In the opinion of management, inflation did not have a significant effect on the Company’s operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our Company’s management has evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a – 15(e) or 15d – 15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of March 31, 2023. Based upon and as of the date of that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were designed, and were effective, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file and submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required. It should be noted that any system of disclosure controls and procedures, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. In addition, the design of any system of disclosure controls and procedures is based in part upon assumptions about the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of any such system, there can be no assurance that any design will always succeed in achieving its stated goals under all circumstances.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Impact of New Accounting Standards

Rate Reform. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The amendments in this update provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. It provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The amendments in this update were effective for all entities from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company continues to evaluate its LIBOR exposure. The trust-preferred subordinated debentures will transition to an adjusted Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) index in accordance with the Federal Reserve's final rule implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate Act. The Company has identified its products that utilize LIBOR and has implemented enhanced fallback language to facilitate the transition to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR. The Company has evaluated its systems and is offering alternative rates and is no longer offering LIBOR-indexed rates on newly originated loans. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the reference rate reform with regulatory guidelines regarding the cessation of LIBOR.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information required by this Item is set forth in Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies, Pending Litigation, in our Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The disclosure below supplements the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I, Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

•The impact of larger or similar-sized financial institutions encountering financial difficulties may adversely affect the Company's business, earnings and financial condition.

The Company is exposed to the risk that when a peer financial institution experiences financial difficulties, there could be an adverse impact on the regional banking industry and the business environment in which it operates. The recent bank failures of Silicon Valley Bank in California, Signature Bank in New York, and First Republic Bank in California during the first and second quarters of 2023 have caused a degree of panic and uncertainty in the investor community and among bank customers generally. While the Company does not believe that the circumstances of these three banks' failures are indicators of broader issues with the banking system, the failures may reduce customer confidence, affect sources of funding and liquidity, increase regulatory requirements and costs, adversely affect financial markets and/or have a negative reputational ramification for the banking industry, including Hawthorn. The Company will continue to monitor the ongoing events concerning these three banks as well as any future potential bank failures and volatility within the banking industry generally, together with any responsive measures taken by the banking regulators to mitigate or manage potential turmoil in the banking industry.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.						Description
3.1						Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's current report on Form 8-K on August 9, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2						Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's current report on Form 8-K on January 27, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.1						Specimen certificate representing shares of the Company's $1.00 par value Common Stock (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's current report on Form 8-K/A on June 23, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference).
31.1						Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2						Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1						Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2						Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

			HAWTHORN BANCSHARES, INC.
Date
			/s/ Brent M. Giles
May 15, 2023			Brent M. Giles, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
			/s/ Stephen E. Guthrie
May 15, 2023			Stephen E. Guthrie, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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