IZEA Worldwide, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2020 September (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from _________________ to _________________
Commission File No.: 001-37703
IZEA WORLDWIDE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada | 37-1530765 | |||||||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
501 N. Orlando Avenue, Suite 313, PMB 247 Winter Park, FL | 32789 | |||||||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (407) 674-6911
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share | IZEA | The Nasdaq Capital Market |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||||
Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ | |||||||||||
Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of November 12, 2020, there were 48,459,607 shares of our common stock outstanding.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2020
Table of Contents
Page | |||||
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |||||
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | |||||
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Assets | |||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 30,617,921 | $ | 5,884,629 | |||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 3,981,132 | 5,596,719 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses | 385,128 | 400,181 | |||||||||
Other current assets | 140,291 | 153,031 | |||||||||
Total current assets | 35,124,472 | 12,034,560 | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 260,994 | 309,780 | |||||||||
Goodwill | 4,016,722 | 8,316,722 | |||||||||
Intangible assets, net | 768,879 | 1,611,516 | |||||||||
Software development costs, net | 1,480,288 | 1,519,980 | |||||||||
Security deposits | — | 151,803 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 41,651,355 | $ | 23,944,361 | |||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 1,333,281 | $ | 2,252,536 | |||||||
Accrued expenses | 1,267,553 | 1,377,556 | |||||||||
Contract liabilities | 7,028,687 | 6,466,766 | |||||||||
Current portion of notes payable | 1,157,103 | — | |||||||||
Right-of-use liability | — | 83,807 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities | 10,786,624 | 10,180,665 | |||||||||
Finance obligation, less current portion | 65,604 | 45,673 | |||||||||
Notes payable, less current portion | 778,092 | — | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 11,630,320 | 10,226,338 | |||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7) | — | — | |||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock; $.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding | — | — | |||||||||
Common stock; $.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 48,331,379 and 34,634,172, respectively, issued and outstanding | 4,833 | 3,464 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 99,610,374 | 74,099,328 | |||||||||
Accumulated deficit | (69,594,172) | (60,384,769) | |||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 30,021,035 | 13,718,023 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 41,651,355 | $ | 23,944,361 |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
1
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 4,036,120 | $ | 4,411,086 | $ | 11,934,827 | $ | 13,128,706 | |||||||||||||||
Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization) | 1,701,770 | 1,904,287 | 5,256,536 | 5,821,237 | |||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 1,403,037 | 1,518,165 | 4,154,871 | 4,238,074 | |||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 1,827,267 | 1,752,126 | 6,165,597 | 6,596,485 | |||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | — | — | 4,300,000 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 372,483 | 433,094 | 1,250,859 | 1,317,423 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 5,304,557 | 5,607,672 | 21,127,863 | 17,973,219 | |||||||||||||||||||
Loss from operations | (1,268,437) | (1,196,586) | (9,193,036) | (4,844,513) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (16,448) | (27,734) | (42,542) | (242,935) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other income, net | 30,085 | 51,285 | 26,175 | 91,447 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (expense), net | 13,637 | 23,551 | (16,367) | (151,488) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (1,254,800) | $ | (1,173,035) | $ | (9,209,403) | $ | (4,996,001) | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted | 45,772,638 | 32,421,043 | 38,879,218 | 22,506,929 | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted loss per common share | $ | (0.03) | $ | (0.04) | $ | (0.24) | $ | (0.22) |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
2
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, June 30, 2020 | 41,784,601 | $ | 4,178 | $ | 89,315,525 | $ | (68,339,372) | $ | 20,980,331 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sale of securities | 6,401,931 | 641 | 10,377,799 | — | 10,378,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of services | 97,655 | 10 | 31,240 | — | 31,250 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issuance costs | — | — | (222,754) | — | (222,754) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 47,192 | 4 | 108,564 | — | 108,568 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (1,254,800) | (1,254,800) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2020 | 48,331,379 | $ | 4,833 | $ | 99,610,374 | $ | (69,594,172) | $ | 30,021,035 |
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, June 30, 2019 | 27,088,213 | $ | 2,709 | $ | 70,848,486 | $ | (56,917,615) | $ | 13,933,580 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of acquisition liability | 7,355,740 | 735 | 2,927,640 | — | 2,928,375 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of services | 22,191 | 3 | 37,506 | — | 37,509 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issuance costs | — | — | 1,704 | — | 1,704 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 40,456 | 4 | 219,490 | — | 219,494 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (1,173,035) | (1,173,035) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2019 | 34,506,600 | $ | 3,451 | $ | 74,034,826 | $ | (58,090,650) | $ | 15,947,627 |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2019 | 34,634,172 | $ | 3,464 | $ | 74,099,328 | $ | (60,384,769) | $ | 13,718,023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sale of securities | 13,258,172 | 1,326 | 25,738,967 | — | 25,740,293 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock purchase plan & option exercise issuances | 10,034 | 1 | 2,312 | — | 2,313 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of services | 292,965 | 29 | 93,720 | — | 93,749 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issuance costs | — | — | (680,786) | — | (680,786) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 136,036 | 13 | 356,833 | — | 356,846 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (9,209,403) | (9,209,403) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2020 | 48,331,379 | $ | 4,833 | $ | 99,610,374 | $ | (69,594,172) | $ | 30,021,035 |
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2018 | 12,075,708 | $ | 1,208 | $ | 60,311,756 | $ | (53,094,649) | $ | 7,218,315 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sale of securities | 14,285,714 | 1,429 | 9,998,571 | — | 10,000,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of acquisition liability | 8,015,876 | 801 | 4,003,596 | — | 4,004,397 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock purchase plan issuances | 7,099 | 1 | 3,095 | — | 3,096 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for payment of services | 66,570 | 7 | 112,497 | — | 112,504 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issuance costs | — | — | (772,853) | — | (772,853) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 55,633 | 5 | 378,164 | — | 378,169 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (4,996,001) | (4,996,001) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2019 | 34,506,600 | $ | 3,451 | $ | 74,034,826 | $ | (58,090,650) | $ | 15,947,627 |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (9,209,403) | $ | (4,996,001) | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities: | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 102,495 | 99,814 | |||||||||
Amortization of software development costs and other intangible assets | 1,148,364 | 1,217,609 | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | 4,300,000 | — | |||||||||
(Gain) loss on disposal of equipment | (22,423) | 23,903 | |||||||||
Provision for (recovery of) losses on accounts receivable | 108,381 | (29,940) | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation, net | 356,846 | 498,071 | |||||||||
Fair value of stock issued for payment of services | 93,749 | 112,504 | |||||||||
Gain on settlement of acquisition costs payable | — | (602,410) | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 1,507,206 | 2,604,095 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (80,038) | (231,879) | |||||||||
Security deposits | 151,803 | 839 | |||||||||
Accounts payable | (919,255) | (926,628) | |||||||||
Accrued expenses | (121,665) | (489,440) | |||||||||
Contract liabilities | 561,921 | 482,498 | |||||||||
Right-of-use asset | 24,024 | (26,148) | |||||||||
Deferred rent | — | (17,419) | |||||||||
Net cash used for operating activities | (1,997,995) | (2,280,532) | |||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
Purchase of equipment | (17,290) | (127,227) | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of equipment | 29,007 | 43,317 | |||||||||
Software development costs | (266,035) | (499,363) | |||||||||
Net cash used for investing activities | (254,318) | (583,273) | |||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of securities | 25,740,293 | 10,000,000 | |||||||||
Proceeds from stock purchase plan and option exercise issuances | 2,313 | 3,096 | |||||||||
Net repayments on line of credit | — | (1,526,288) | |||||||||
Proceeds from notes payable | 1,935,195 | — | |||||||||
Payments on finance obligation | (11,410) | — | |||||||||
Stock issuance costs | (680,786) | (772,853) | |||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 26,985,605 | 7,703,955 | |||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 24,733,292 | 4,840,150 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 5,884,629 | 1,968,403 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 30,617,921 | $ | 6,808,553 | |||||||
Supplemental cash flow information: | |||||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 39,834 | $ | 204,187 | |||||||
Non-cash financing and investing activities: | |||||||||||
Equipment acquired with financing arrangement | $ | 43,003 | $ | — | |||||||
Common stock issued for payment of acquisition liability | $ | — | $ | 4,004,397 | |||||||
Fair value of common stock issued for future services | $ | 125,000 | $ | 192,550 |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1. COMPANY AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Business
IZEA Worldwide, Inc. (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, “we,” “us,” “our,” “IZEA” or the “Company”) is a public company incorporated in the state of Nevada. In January 2015, IZEA purchased all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Ebyline, Inc. (“Ebyline”). In July 2016, IZEA purchased all the outstanding shares of capital stock of ZenContent, Inc. (“ZenContent”). The legal entity of ZenContent was dissolved in December 2017 and the legal entity of Ebyline was dissolved in December 2019 after all assets and transactions were transferred to IZEA. In March 2016, the Company formed IZEA Canada, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary, incorporated in Ontario, Canada, to operate as a sales and support office for IZEA’s Canadian customers. On July 26, 2018, a subsidiary of the Company merged with TapInfluence, Inc. (“TapInfluence”) pursuant to the terms of an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 11, 2018, as amended (the “Merger Agreement”).
The Company creates and operates online marketplaces that connect marketers with content creators. The creators are compensated by the Company for producing unique content such as long and short form text, videos, photos, status updates, and illustrations for marketers or distributing such content on behalf of marketers through their personal websites, blogs, and social media channels. Marketers receive influential consumer content and engaging, shareable stories that drive awareness.
The Company’s primary technology platform, the IZEA Exchange (“IZEAx”), enables transactions to be completed at scale through the management of custom content workflow, creator search and targeting, bidding, analytics, and payment processing. IZEAx is designed to provide a unified ecosystem that enables the creation and publication of multiple types of custom content through a creator’s personal websites, blogs, or social media channels including Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube, among others. Until December 2019 when it was merged into IZEAx, the Company operated the Ebyline technology platform, which was originally designed as a self-service content marketplace to replace in-house editorial newsrooms in news agencies with a “virtual newsroom” to source and handle their content workflow with outside creators. In July 2016, the Company acquired the ZenContent technology platform to use as an in-house workflow tool that enables the Company to produce highly scalable, multi-part production of content for both e-commerce entities and brand customers. The TapInfluence technology platform, acquired in 2018, performed in a similar manner to IZEAx and was being utilized by the majority of the TapInfluence customers as a self-service platform via a licensing arrangement, allowing access to the platform and its creators for self-managed marketing campaigns. After the migration of the last customers to IZEAx from the Ebyline platform in December 2019 and from the TapInfluence platform in February 2020, all marketplace revenue is solely generated from the IZEAx platform.
Impact of COVID-19
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) as a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. As the spread continued throughout the United States, the Company directed all of its staff to work from home effective March 16, 2020. All of the Company’s business operations and ability to support its customers is fully functional while its employees are working from remote locations. However, the Company has seen impacts on its operations due to changes in advertising decisions, timing and spending priorities from customers, which resulted in a negative impact to Company bookings and timing of future revenue. While the disruption caused by COVID-19 is currently expected to be temporary, it is generally outside of the Company’s control and there is uncertainty around the duration and the total economic impact. Therefore, this matter could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial position in future periods. As a result, the Company leveraged its balance sheet by drawing on its secured credit facility and obtaining a loan under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) established under the CARES Act as administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) to increase the Company’s cash position and help preserve its financial flexibility. The secured credit facility was paid down by June 30, 2020 after the Company was able to secure additional capital as described in Note 8.
In light of the adverse economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company implemented temporary salary and wage reductions averaging 20%, including a 21% reduction in base salary for the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer. These salary reductions were effective as of April 6, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the Company’s restoring normal payroll rates to the majority of its employees. Members of the Company’s Board of Directors also agreed to a similar temporary reduction to their fees. In addition to the salary reductions, the Company also temporarily reduced certain employee benefits and implemented a new employee hiring freeze, during the three months ended June 30, 2020. The employee salary reductions and hiring restrictions were removed effective July 1, 2020 after the Company was able to secure additional capital as described in Note 8.
6
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company did not renew leases for its headquarters and temporary office spaces as additional means to reduce fixed costs and the Company intends to have all employees work from home for the foreseeable future to protect the health and safety of its workers. There can be no assurance that the Company will return to a typical office environment in the future, nor can the Company say what that office environment may look like. The Company also reduced and shifted marketing expenses and eliminated travel for the near-term future. These measures may not be sustainable and could prove detrimental long term. Therefore, management reviews these initial actions and other options in conjunction with the changing internal and external economic conditions on an ongoing basis.
Liquidity
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared using GAAP applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has incurred significant net losses and negative cash flow from operations for most periods since its inception, which has resulted in a total accumulated deficit of $69,594,172 as of September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had a net loss of $9,209,403.
Between June and August 2020, the Company raised gross proceeds of $25,740,293 through its at-the-market offering program registered on its shelf registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (see Note 8). The Company's cash balance as of September 30, 2020 was $30,617,921. With the cash on hand as of September 30, 2020, in addition to the PPP Loan (see Note 6), the Company expects to have sufficient cash reserves and financing sources available to cover expenses at least year from the issuance of this Quarterly Report based on its current estimates of revenue and expenses for the next twelve months of operations.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020, the consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are unaudited but include all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position at such dates and its results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, does not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2020.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IZEA Worldwide, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, subsequent to the subsidiaries’ individual acquisition, merger or formation dates, as applicable. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The extent to which COVID-19 impacts the Company’s business and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors including, but not limited to: the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, the extent to which it impacts worldwide macroeconomic conditions, the speed of the anticipated recovery, access to capital markets, and governmental and business reactions to the pandemic. The Company assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to the Company and the unknown future impacts of COVID-19 as of September 30, 2020 and through the date of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The accounting matters assessed included, but were not limited to estimates related to revenue, the accounting for potential liabilities and accrued expenses, the assumptions utilized in valuing stock-based compensation issued for services, the realization of deferred tax assets, and assessments of impairment related to long-lived assets and intangibles. The Company’s
7
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
future assessment of the magnitude and duration of COVID-19, as well as other factors, could result in additional material impacts to the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.
Despite the Company’s efforts, the ultimate impact of COVID-19 depends on factors beyond the Company’s knowledge or control, including the duration and severity of the outbreak, as well as third-party actions taken to contain its spread and mitigate its public health effects. As a result, the Company is unable to estimate the full extent to which COVID-19 will negatively impact its financial results or liquidity. However, in consideration of the effect of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of the September 30, 2020 financial statements, the Company identified the goodwill impairment disclosed in Note 3 as a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial position in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 that was caused by COVID-19’s effect on economic conditions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable and Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s accounts receivable balance consists of net trade receivables and unbilled receivables. Trade receivables are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. Unbilled receivables represent amounts owed for work that has been performed, but not yet billed. The Company had trade receivables of $3,947,837 and unbilled receivables of $33,295 at September 30, 2020. The Company had trade receivables of $5,106,314 and unbilled receivables of $490,405 at December 31, 2019. Management considers an account to be delinquent when the customer has not paid an amount due by its associated due date. Uncollectibility of accounts receivable is not significant since most customers are bound by contract and are required to fund the Company for all the costs of an “opportunity,” defined as an order created by a marketer for a creator to develop or share content on behalf of a marketer. If a portion of the account balance is deemed uncollectible, the Company will either write-off the amount owed or provide a reserve based on its best estimate of the uncollectible portion of the account. Management determines the collectibility of accounts by regularly evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer’s financial condition, credit history and current economic conditions. The Company had a reserve for doubtful accounts of $170,000 and $145,000 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Management believes that this estimate is reasonable, but there can be no assurance that the estimate will not change as a result of a change in economic conditions or business conditions within the industry, the individual customers or the Company. Any adjustments to this account are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as a general and administrative expense. Bad debt expense was approximately 1% of revenue or less for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable have been typically limited because a large number of geographically diverse customers make up the Company’s customer base, thus spreading the trade credit risk. However, with the Company’s addition of SaaS customers, it has increased credit exposure on certain customers who carry significant credit balances related to their marketplace spend. The Company controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits and monitoring procedures. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers, but generally does not require collateral to support accounts receivable. The Company had one customer that accounted for 25% of total accounts receivable at September 30, 2020 and no customers that accounted for an aggregate of more than 10% of total accounts receivable at December 31, 2019. The Company had no customer that accounted for more than 10% of its revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019. The Company had no customer that accounted for more than 10% of its revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, or if acquired in a business combination, at the acquisition date fair value. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
Computer Equipment | 3 years | ||||
Office Equipment | 3 - 10 years | ||||
Furniture and Fixtures | 5 - 10 years |
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for betterments and major improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful lives of the assets. The carrying amounts of assets sold or retired and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated in the year of disposal, with resulting gains or
8
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
losses included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. There were no material impairment charges associated with the Company’s long-lived tangible assets during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase consideration of an acquired business over the fair value of the underlying net tangible and intangible assets. The Company has goodwill in connection with its acquisitions of Ebyline, ZenContent and TapInfluence. Goodwill is not amortized but instead it is tested for impairment at least annually. In the event that management determines that the value of goodwill has become impaired, the Company will record a charge for the amount of impairment during the fiscal quarter in which the determination is made.
The Company performs its annual impairment tests of goodwill as of October 1 of each year, or more frequently, if certain indicators are present. For instance, in March 2020, the Company identified triggering events, including the reduction in its projected revenue due to adverse economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the continuation of a market capitalization below the Company’s carrying value, and uncertainty for recovery given the volatility of the capital markets surrounding COVID-19. Therefore, the Company performed an interim assessment of goodwill, as described in Note 3. Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below the operating segment level, which is referred to as a component. Management identifies its reporting units by assessing whether components (i) have discrete financial information available; (ii) engage in business activities; and (iii) whether a segment manager regularly reviews the component’s operating results. Net assets and goodwill of acquired businesses are allocated to the reporting unit associated with the acquired business based on the anticipated organizational structure of the combined entities. If two or more components are deemed economically similar, those components are aggregated into one reporting unit when performing the annual goodwill impairment review. The Company had one reporting unit as of September 30, 2020.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). To address concerns over the cost and complexity of the two-step goodwill impairment test, the new standard removes the requirement for the second step of the goodwill impairment test for certain entities. An entity may apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company adopted this method in the third quarter of 2019 and there were no changes to its financial statements at the time of the adoption.
Intangible Assets
The Company acquired the majority of its intangible assets through its acquisitions of Ebyline, ZenContent and TapInfluence. The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets over periods of 12 to 60 months. See Note 3 for further details.
Management reviews long-lived assets, including property and equipment, software development costs and other intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If an evaluation is required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared with the asset's carrying amount to determine if there has been an impairment, which is calculated as the difference between the fair value of the asset and the carrying value. Estimates of future undiscounted cash flows are based on expected growth rates for the business, anticipated future economic conditions and estimates of residual values. Fair values take into consideration management estimates of risk-adjusted discount rates, which are believed to be consistent with assumptions that marketplace participants would use in their estimates of fair value.
Software Development Costs
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350-40, Internal Use Software, the Company capitalizes certain internal use software development costs associated with creating and enhancing internally developed software related to its platforms. Software development activities generally consist of three stages (i) the research and planning stage, (ii) the application and development stage, and (iii) the post-implementation stage. Costs incurred in the research and planning stage and in the post-implementation stage of software development, or other maintenance and development expenses that do not meet the qualification for capitalization, are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred in the application and infrastructure development stage, including significant enhancements and upgrades, are capitalized. These costs include personnel and related employee benefits expenses for employees or consultants who are directly associated with and who devote time to software projects, and external direct costs of materials obtained in developing the software. These software
9
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
development and acquired technology costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of five years upon initial release of the software or additional features. See Note 4 for further details.
Leases
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which established a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a right-of-use liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The Company does not record leases on the balance sheet that have a lease term of 12 months or less at the commencement date.
Revenue Recognition
The Company historically generated revenue from five primary sources: (1) revenue from its managed services when a marketer (typically a brand, agency or partner) pays the Company to provide custom content, influencer marketing, amplification or other campaign management services (“Managed Services”); (2) revenue from fees charged to software customers on their marketplace spend within the Company's IZEAx and TapInfluence platforms (“Marketplace Spend Fees”); (3) revenue from fees charged to access the IZEAx, Ebyline, and TapInfluence platforms (“License Fees”); (4) revenue from transactions generated by the self-service use of the Company's Ebyline platform for professional custom content workflow (“Legacy Workflow Fees”); and (5) revenue derived from other fees such as inactivity fees, early cash-out fees, and subscription plan fees charged to users of the Company's platforms (“Other”). After the migration of the last customers from the Ebyline platform to IZEAx in December 2019, there is no longer any revenue generated from Legacy Workflow Fees and all such revenue is reported as Marketplace Spend Fees under the IZEAx platform.
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized based on a five-step model as follows: (i) identify the contract with the customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied. The core principle of ASC 606 is that revenue is recognized when the transfer of promised goods or services to customers is made in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are distinct performance obligations. The Company also determines whether it acts as an agent or a principal for each identified performance obligation. The determination of whether the Company acts as the principal or the agent is highly subjective and requires the Company to evaluate a number of indicators individually and as a whole in order to make its determination. For transactions in which the Company acts as a principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis as the amount paid by the marketer for the purchase of content or sponsorship, promotion and other related services and the Company records the amounts it pays to third-party creators as cost of revenue. For transactions in which the Company acts as an agent, revenue is reported on a net basis as the amount the Company charged to the self-service marketer using the Company’s platforms, less the amounts paid to the third-party creators providing the service.
The Company maintains separate arrangements with each marketer and content creator either in the form of a master agreement or terms of service, which specify the terms of the relationship and access to its platforms, or by statement of work, which specifies the price and the services to be performed, along with other terms. The transaction price is determined based on the fixed fee stated in the statement of work and does not contain variable consideration. Marketers who contract with the Company to manage their advertising campaigns or custom content requests may prepay for services or request credit terms. Payment terms are typically 30 days from the invoice date. The agreement typically provides for either a non-refundable deposit, or a cancellation fee if the agreement is canceled by the customer prior to completion of services. Billings in advance of completed services are recorded as a contract liability until earned. The Company assesses collectibility based on a number of factors, including the creditworthiness of the customer and payment and transaction history. The allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract is based on a cost-plus methodology.
Managed Services Revenue
For Managed Services Revenue, the Company enters into an agreement to provide services that may include multiple distinct performance obligations in the form of: (i) an integrated marketing campaign to provide influencer marketing services, which may include the provision of blogs, tweets, photos or videos shared through social network offerings and content promotion, such as click-through advertisements appearing in websites and social media channels; and (ii) custom content items, such as a research or news article, informational material or videos. Marketers typically purchase influencer marketing services for the purpose of providing public awareness or advertising buzz regarding the marketer’s brand and they purchase
10
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
custom content for internal and external use. The Company may provide one type or a combination of all types of these performance obligations on a statement of work for a lump sum fee. The Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation in the contract at inception based on its relative standalone selling price. These performance obligations are to be provided over a stated period that generally ranges from one day to one year. Revenue is accounted for when the performance obligation has been satisfied depending on the type of service provided. The Company views its obligation to deliver influencer marketing services, including management services, as a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time as the customer receives the benefits from the services. Revenue is recognized using an input method of costs incurred compared to total expected costs to measure the progress towards satisfying the overall performance obligation of the marketing campaign. The delivery of custom content represents a distinct performance obligation that is satisfied over time as the Company has no alternative for the custom content and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date under the contracts. The Company considers custom content to be a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer, and revenue is recognized over time using an output method based on when each individual piece of content is delivered to the customer. Based on the Company’s evaluations, revenue from Managed Services is reported on a gross basis because the Company has the primary obligation to fulfill the performance obligations and it creates, reviews and controls the services. The Company takes on the risk of payment to any third-party creators and it establishes the contract price directly with its customers based on the services requested in the statement of work.
Marketplace Spend Fees and Legacy Workflow Fees Revenue
For Marketplace Spend Fees and Legacy Workflow Fees Revenue, the self-service customer instructs creators found through the Company’s platforms to provide and/or distribute custom content for an agreed upon transaction price. The Company’s platforms control the contracting, description of services, acceptance of and payment for the requested content. This service is used primarily by news agencies or marketers to control the outsourcing of their content and advertising needs. The Company charges the self-service customer the transaction price plus a fee based on the contract. Revenue is recognized when the transaction is completed by the creator and accepted by the marketer or verified as posted by the system. Based on the Company’s evaluations, this revenue is reported on a net basis since the Company is acting as an agent solely arranging for the third-party creator or influencer to provide the services directly to the self-service customer through the platform or by posting the requested content.
License Fees Revenue
License Fees Revenue is generated through the granting of limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable licenses to customers for the use of the IZEAx and, until February 2020, the TapInfluence technology platforms for an agreed-upon subscription period. Customers license the platforms to manage their own influencer marketing campaigns. Fees for subscription or licensing services are recognized straight-line over the term of the service.
Other Fees Revenue
Other Fees Revenue is generated when fees are charged to the Company’s platform users primarily related to monthly plan fees, inactivity fees, and early cash-out fees. Plan fees are recognized within the month they relate to, inactivity fees are recognized at a point in time when the account is deemed inactive, and early cash-out fees are recognized when a cash-out is either below certain minimum thresholds or when accelerated payout timing is requested.
The Company does not typically engage in contracts that are longer than year. Therefore, the Company does not capitalize costs to obtain its customer contracts as these amounts generally would be recognized over a period of less than one year and are not material.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are charged to expense as they are incurred, including payments to content creators to promote the Company. Advertising costs charged to operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were approximately $173,000 and $233,000, respectively. Advertising costs charged to operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were approximately $419,000 and $460,000, respectively. Advertising costs are included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company has not recorded federal income tax expense due to its history of net operating losses. Deferred income taxes are accounted for using the balance sheet approach, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company incurs minimal state franchise tax in four states, which is included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
11
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company identifies and evaluates uncertain tax positions, if any, and recognizes the impact of uncertain tax positions for which there is a less than more-likely-than-not probability of the position being upheld when reviewed by the relevant taxing authority. Such positions are deemed to be unrecognized tax benefits and a corresponding liability is established on the balance sheet. The Company has not recognized a liability for uncertain tax positions. If there were an unrecognized tax benefit, the Company would recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses. The Company’s tax years subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service are 2016 through 2019.
On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the CARES Act. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, increased limitations on qualified charitable contributions, and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. It also appropriated funds for the PPP loans that are forgivable in certain situations to promote continued employment, as well as Economic Injury Disaster Loans to provide liquidity to small businesses harmed by COVID-19. The Company has not yet deferred any payroll taxes or claimed any other tax benefits provided by the CARES Act, but it is currently examining any changes in final regulations to determine if there will be any impact on its business and tax positions.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments are recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The valuation techniques are based on observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect readily obtainable data from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect certain market assumptions. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
•Level 1 – Valuation based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
•Level 2 – Valuation based on quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets.
•Level 3 – Valuation based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, therefore requiring management’s best estimate of what market participants would use as fair value.
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management. The Company does not have any Level 1 or 2 financial assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 3 financial liabilities measured at fair value included its right-of-use liability as of December 31, 2019. The respective carrying values of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. These financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, contract liabilities, and accrued expenses. Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair values of the Company’s long-term debt obligations approximate their carrying value based upon current rates available to the Company.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation cost related to stock options granted under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2011 B Equity Incentive Plan (together, the “2011 Equity Incentive Plans”) (see Note 8) is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period on a straight-line basis. The Company estimates the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. The Company uses the closing stock price of its common stock on the date of the grant as the associated fair value of its common stock. For issuances after June 2019, the Company estimates the volatility of its common stock at the date of grant based on the volatility of its stock during the period. For issuances prior to June 30, 2019, the Company estimated the volatility of its common stock at the date of grant based on the volatility of comparable peer companies that were publicly traded and had a longer trading history than itself. The Company determines the expected life based on historical experience with similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and post-vesting forfeitures. The Company uses the risk-free interest rate on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury issues with an equivalent remaining term approximately equal to the expected life of the award. The Company has never paid any cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
The Company used the following assumptions for stock options granted under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
12
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 Equity Incentive Plans Assumptions | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
Expected term | 6 years | 6 years | 6 years | 6 years | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average volatility | 116.64% | 106.80% | 108.56% | 85.03% | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average risk-free interest rate | 0.42% | 1.48% | 0.46% | 1.92% | |||||||||||||||||||
Expected dividends | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average expected forfeiture rate | 8.79% | 6.29% | 8.64% | 6.16% |
The Company estimates forfeitures when recognizing compensation expense and this estimate of forfeitures is adjusted over the requisite service period based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures are recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment, which is recognized in the period of change, and a revised amount of unamortized compensation expense to be recognized in future periods.
The Company may issue shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units which vest over future periods. The value of shares is recorded as the fair value of the stock or units upon the issuance date and is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. See Note 8 for additional information related to these shares.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Fair Value Measurements: In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The new guidance amends the disclosure requirements for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements by removing, modifying, and adding certain disclosures on fair value measurements in ASC 820. The amendments on changes to the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The Company fair valued its right-of-use liability outstanding at December 31, 2019 as a Level 3. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 on January 1, 2020 was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Collaborative Arrangements: In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 (“ASU 2018-18”). The guidance makes targeted improvements to GAAP for collaborative arrangements including: (i) clarifying that certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for as revenue under ASC 606 when the collaborative arrangement participant is a customer in the context of a unit of account, (ii) adding unit-of-account guidance in ASC 808 to align with the guidance in ASC 606 (that is, a distinct good or service) when an entity is assessing whether the collaborative arrangement or a part of the arrangement is within the scope of ASC 606, and (iii) requiring that in a transaction with a collaborative arrangement participant that is not directly related to sales to third parties, presenting the transaction together with revenue recognized under ASC 606 is precluded if the collaborative arrangement participant is not a customer. The amendments in this update are effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to the date of initial application of ASC 606. An entity may elect to apply the practical expedient for contract modifications that is permitted for entities using the modified retrospective transition method in ASC 606. The Company adopted ASU 2018-18 on January 1, 2020 and applied the amendments only to contracts that were not completed as of such date. The adoption of ASU 2018-18 was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Credit Losses: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires a consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 requires use of a forward-looking expected credit loss model for accounts receivables, loans, and other financial instruments. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, which provides transition relief for entities adopting ASU 2016-13. For entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the amendments in ASU 2019-05 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including
13
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
interim periods therein. An entity may early adopt the ASU in any interim period after its issuance if the entity has adopted ASU 2016-13. For all other entities, the effective date will be the same as the effective date of ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the expected impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Income Taxes: In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Investments - Equity Securities: In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, Investments - Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, 323 and Topic 815 (“ASU 2020-01”) to clarify the scope and interaction between these standards for equity securities, equity method and certain derivatives. ASU 2020-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Reference Rate Reform: In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. It also provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. ASU 2020-04 applies only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 is effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company believes this guidance will not have a material impact on its financial statements.
Convertible Instruments: In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). ASU 2020-06 simplifies the guidance on the issuer’s accounting for convertible debt instruments by removing the separation models for (1) convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, entities will not separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature in such debt. Instead, they will account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as debt, unless certain other conditions are met. The elimination of these models will reduce reported interest expense and increase reported net income for entities that have issued a convertible instrument that was within the scope of those models before the adoption of ASU 2020-06. Also, ASU 2020-06 requires the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share and treasury stock method will be no longer available. The provisions of ASU 2020-06 are applicable for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2020-06 on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
NOTE 2. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following:
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Furniture and fixtures | $ | 221,905 | $ | 298,205 | |||||||
Office equipment | 66,816 | 86,884 | |||||||||
Computer equipment | 511,854 | 455,008 | |||||||||
Leasehold improvements | — | 338,018 | |||||||||
Total | 800,575 | 1,178,115 | |||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (539,581) | (868,335) | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | 260,994 | $ | 309,780 |
Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment recorded in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of operations was $32,288 and $25,392 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and was $102,495 and $99,814 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
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NOTE 3. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The identifiable intangible assets, other than Goodwill, consists of the following assets:
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | Useful Life (in years) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance | Accumulated Amortization | Balance | Accumulated Amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content provider networks | $ | 160,000 | $ | 160,000 | $ | 160,000 | $ | 160,000 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade names | 87,000 | 87,000 | 87,000 | 87,000 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developed technology | 820,000 | 781,667 | 820,000 | 622,167 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Self-service content customers | 2,810,000 | 2,087,778 | 2,810,000 | 1,437,778 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed content customers | 2,140,000 | 2,140,000 | 2,140,000 | 2,140,000 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domains | 166,469 | 158,145 | 166,469 | 133,175 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded non-compete provision | 28,000 | 28,000 | 28,000 | 19,833 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 6,211,469 | $ | 5,442,590 | $ | 6,211,469 | $ | 4,599,953 |
Total identifiable intangible assets from the Company’s acquisitions and other acquired assets net of accumulated amortization thereon consists of the following:
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Ebyline Intangible Assets | $ | 2,370,000 | $ | 2,370,000 | |||||||
ZenContent Intangible Assets | 722,000 | 722,000 | |||||||||
Domains | 166,469 | 166,469 | |||||||||
TapInfluence Intangible Assets | 2,953,000 | 2,953,000 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 6,211,469 | $ | 6,211,469 | |||||||
Less accumulated amortization | (5,442,590) | (4,599,953) | |||||||||
Intangible assets, net | $ | 768,879 | $ | 1,611,516 |
The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets over a remaining weighted-average period of one year, four months. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, there were no impairment charges associated with the Company's identifiable intangible assets.
Amortization expense recorded in depreciation and amortization in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations was $237,657 and $297,629 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $842,637 and $943,443 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The portion of amortization expense specifically related to the costs of acquired technology for its platforms that is presented separately from cost of revenue was $11,500 and $56,500 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $159,500 and $169,500 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
As of September 30, 2020, future estimated amortization expense related to identifiable intangible assets is set forth in the following schedule:
Intangible Asset Amortization Expense | ||||||||
Remainder of 2020 | $ | 236,490 | ||||||
2021 | 532,389 | |||||||
Total | $ | 768,879 |
15
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company’s goodwill balance changed as follows:
Amount | ||||||||
Balance on December 31, 2019 | $ | 8,316,722 | ||||||
Acquisitions, impairments or other changes during 2020 | (4,300,000) | |||||||
Balance on September 30, 2020 | $ | 4,016,722 |
In March 2020, the Company identified triggering events due to the reduction in its projected revenue due to adverse economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the continuation of a market capitalization below the Company’s carrying value, and uncertainty for recovery given the volatility of the capital markets surrounding COVID-19. The Company performed an interim assessment of goodwill using the income approach of the discounted cash flow method and the market approach of the guideline transaction method and determined that the carrying value of the Company as of March 31, 2020 exceeded the fair value. As a result of the valuation, the Company recorded a $4.3 million impairment of goodwill as of March 31, 2020 which is reflected as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
NOTE 4. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Software development costs consists of the following:
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Software development costs | $ | 2,939,052 | $ | 2,673,017 | |||||||
Less accumulated amortization | (1,458,764) | (1,153,037) | |||||||||
Software development costs, net | $ | 1,480,288 | $ | 1,519,980 |
The Company developed its web-based advertising and content exchange platform, IZEAx, to enable native advertising campaigns on a greater scale. The Company continues to add new features and additional functionality to IZEAx to facilitate the contracting, workflow, and delivery or posting of content as well as provide for invoicing, collaborating, and direct payments for the Company’s customers and creators. The Company capitalized software development costs of $266,035 and $499,363 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As a result, the Company has capitalized a total of $2,939,052 in direct materials, consulting, payroll and benefit costs to its internal use software development costs in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020.
The Company amortizes its software development costs, commencing upon initial release of the software or additional features, on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of five years, which is consistent with the amount of time its legacy platforms were in service. Amortization expense on software development costs that is presented separately from cost of revenue and recorded in depreciation and amortization expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations was $102,538 and $110,073 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $305,727 and $274,166 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
As of September 30, 2020, future estimated amortization expense related to software development costs is set forth in the following schedule:
Software Development Amortization Expense | |||||
Remainder of 2020 | $ | 98,961 | |||
2021 | 436,289 | ||||
2022 | 380,922 | ||||
2023 | 340,134 | ||||
2024 | 158,213 | ||||
Thereafter | 65,769 | ||||
Total | $ | 1,480,288 |
16
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 5. ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Accrued payroll liabilities | $ | 1,031,266 | $ | 1,202,765 | |||||||
Accrued taxes | 153,823 | 117,698 | |||||||||
Current portion of finance obligation | 28,603 | 26,837 | |||||||||
Accrued other | 53,861 | 30,256 | |||||||||
Total accrued expenses | $ | 1,267,553 | $ | 1,377,556 |
NOTE 6. NOTES PAYABLE
Canada Emergency Business Account (“CEBA”) Loan
On April 22, 2020, the Company received a Canadian dollar loan in the principal amount of 40,000 CAD ($30,094 USD as of September 30, 2020), from TD Canada Trust Bank pursuant to a CEBA term loan agreement (the “CEBA Loan”). The CEBA Loan has an initial term from inception through December 31, 2022 (the “Initial Term”) and an extended term from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2025 (the “Extended Term”). No interest is accrued and no payments are due on the loan during the Initial Term. If the Company repays 75% of the CEBA Loan (30,000 CAD) on or prior to December 31, 2022, the remaining 10,000 CAD balance will be forgiven. Otherwise, interest will begin to accrue on the unpaid balance on January 1, 2023 with monthly interest payments commencing on January 31, 2023 until the CEBA Loan is paid in full on or before the end of the Extended Term.
Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) Loan
The Company applied for and on April 23, 2020, received a loan from Western Alliance Bank (the “Lender”) in the principal amount of $1,905,100, under the PPP. The PPP Loan is evidenced by a promissory note issued by the Company (the “Note”) to the Lender.
The term of the Note is two years, though it may be payable sooner in connection with an event of default under the Note. The PPP Loan carries a fixed interest rate of one percent per year. Certain amounts received under the PPP Loan may be forgiven if the loan proceeds are used for eligible purposes, including payroll costs and certain rent or utility costs, and the Company meets other requirements regarding, among other things, the maintenance of employment and compensation levels.
Loan payments on the PPP Loan may be deferred to either (1) the date that the SBA remits the Company’s loan forgiveness amount to the Lender or (2) ten months after the end of the Company’s loan forgiveness covered period, if the Company does not apply for loan forgiveness. The Company plans to submit its forgiveness application in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. The forgiveness of the PPP Loan is dependent on the Company qualifying for the forgiveness of the PPP Loan based on its adherence to the forgiveness criteria under the CARES Act, but no assurance is provided that the Company will obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.
NOTE 7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Secured Credit Facility
The Company has a secured credit facility agreement (also referred to herein as “line of credit”) with Western Alliance Bank, the parent company of Bridge Bank, N.A. of San Jose, California, which it obtained on March 1, 2013 and expanded on April 13, 2015. Pursuant to the secured credit facility agreement, as amended, the Company may submit requests for funding up to 80% of its eligible accounts receivable up to a maximum credit limit of $5 million. This agreement is secured by the Company’s accounts receivable and substantially all of the Company’s other assets. The agreement automatically renews in April of each year and requires the Company to pay an annual facility fee of $20,000 (0.4% of the credit limit) and an annual due diligence fee of $1,000. Interest accrues on the advances at the rate of prime plus 1.5% per annum and the default rate of interest is prime plus 7%.
17
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company had no amounts outstanding under this secured credit facility as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Assuming that all of the Company’s trade accounts receivables were eligible for funding, the Company would have approximately $3.2 million in available credit under the agreement as of September 30, 2020.
The annual fees are capitalized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet within other current assets and are amortized to interest expense over one year. During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company amortized $5,250 and $5,250, respectively, of the secured credit facility costs through interest expense. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company amortized $15,750 and $19,964, respectively, of the secured credit facility costs through interest expense. The remaining value of the capitalized loan costs related to the secured credit facility as of September 30, 2020 is $12,250; this amount will be amortized to interest expense over the next seven months.
Lease Commitments
The Company’s corporate headquarters were located at 480 N. Orlando Avenue, Suite 200 in Winter Park, Florida until its lease expired on April 30, 2020. Due to its current work from home policy enacted on March 16, 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has not yet entered into any new lease agreement for its headquarters and does not intend to do so prior to the end of 2020 and until circumstances allow. The Company also occupied flexible office space under monthly, quarterly or semi-annual membership contracts in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Denver, Chicago, and Toronto during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The contracts for Los Angeles, San Francisco and Toronto were not renewed upon expiration of their terms on April 30, 2020. The contracts for Denver and Chicago were not renewed upon expiration of their terms on July 31, 2020 and September, 30, 2020, respectively.
Upon the January 1, 2019 adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, the Company had one material lease greater than 12 months in duration. This was the lease associated with its corporate headquarters in Winter Park, Florida. The adoption of this standard resulted in the Company recording a right-of-use asset of $410,852 and an associated right-of-use liability of $399,892. The operating lease right-of-use liability was determined based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments using the Company’s average incremental borrowing rate 9.5% and the operating lease right-of-use asset was determined based on the value of the lease liabilities, adjusted for a deferred rent balance, which was previously included in current liabilities.
The right-of-use asset and liability were fully amortized upon expiration of the lease in April 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $24,024 of accretion on its right-of-use liability through rent expense in general and administrative expenses.
The Company has no obligations under finance leases as of September 30, 2020. Total operating lease expense and other short-term lease expense recorded in general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations was $39,194 and $155,165 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $263,722 and $459,944 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Cash paid for the one operating lease was $113,516 and $255,411 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may become involved in various other lawsuits and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Litigation is, however, subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm the Company’s business. The Company is currently not aware of any legal proceedings or claims that it believes would or could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company. Regardless of final outcomes, however, any such proceedings or claims may nonetheless impose a significant burden on management and employees and may come with costly defense costs or unfavorable preliminary interim rulings.
NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Authorized Shares
The Company has 200,000,000 authorized shares of common stock and 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, each with a par value of $0.0001 per share.
18
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Sale of Securities
At the Market (ATM) Offering
On June 4, 2020, the Company entered into an ATM Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with National Securities Corporation, as sales agent (“National Securities”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through National Securities, shares of the Company's common stock, by any method deemed to be an “at the market offering” (the “ATM Offering”).
On June 12, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the Sales Agreement to increase the amount of common stock that may be offered and sold in the ATM Offering to $40,000,000 in the aggregate. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had sold 13,258,172 shares at an average price of $1.94 per share for total gross proceeds of $25,740,293.
May 10, 2019 Public Offering
On May 10, 2019, the Company closed on its underwritten registered public offering of 14,285,714 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $0.70 per share, for total gross proceeds of approximately $10 million. The net proceeds to the Company were approximately $9.2 million. Mr. Edward Murphy, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and a Company director, and Mr. Troy J. Vanke, the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer, participated in the public offering and purchased 21,428 and 42,857 shares of stock, respectively.
Stock Issued for Acquisitions
On January 26, 2019, pursuant to its Merger Agreement with TapInfluence, the Company issued 660,136 shares of its common stock valued at $884,583, or $1.34 per share, using the 30-day Volume Weighted Average Price (“VWAP”) as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) prior to the issuance date, to settle amounts due under its acquisition cost payable. The Company recorded a $191,439 loss on the settlement of this acquisition cost payable as a result of the difference between the actual closing market price of the common stock of $1.63 on the settlement date and the 30-day VWAP of $1.34 required by the Merger Agreement.
On July 26, 2019, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement with TapInfluence, the Company issued 6,908,251 shares of its common stock valued at $3,500,000, or $0.50664 per share, using the 30-day VWAP as reported by Nasdaq prior to the issuance date, to settle amounts due under its acquisition cost payable. The Company recognized a gain of $752,591 on the settlement of this acquisition cost payable as a result of the difference between the actual closing market price of the common stock of $0.3977 on the settlement date and the 30-day VWAP of $0.50664 required by the Merger Agreement.
On July 31, 2019, the Company made the third and final annual installment payment under the ZenContent Stock Purchase Agreement, comprised of $111,111 in cash and 447,489 shares of its common stock valued at $222,223 or $0.4966 per share, using the 30-day VWAP as reported by Nasdaq prior to the issuance date. The Company recognized a gain of $41,258 on the settlement of this acquisition cost payable as a result of the difference between the actual closing market price of the common stock of $0.4044 on the settlement date and the 30-day VWAP of $0.4966 required by the Merger Agreement.
Equity Incentive Plans
In May 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan of IZEA Worldwide, Inc. (the “May 2011 Plan”). At the Company’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on December 12, 2019, the stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the May 2011 Plan which increased the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the May 2011 Plan. The amended and restated May 2011 Plan allows the Company to award restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock options covering up to 4,500,000 shares of common stock as incentive compensation for its employees and consultants. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 825,980 remaining shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to future grants under the May 2011 Plan.
In August 2011, the Company adopted the 2011 B Equity Incentive Plan (the “August 2011 Plan”) reserving 4,375 shares of common stock for issuance under the August 2011 Plan. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 4,375 remaining shares of common stock available for future grants under the August 2011 Plan.
19
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Restricted Stock
Under both the May 2011 Plan and the August 2011 Plan (together, the “2011 Equity Incentive Plans”), the Board determines the terms and conditions of each restricted stock issuance, including any future vesting restrictions.
The Company issued 27,184 shares of restricted stock on March 28, 2019 to Mr. Edward Murphy, its Chief Executive Officer, for amounts owed on his fourth quarter 2018 performance bonus. The stock was initially valued at $36,427 and vests in equal monthly installments over 12 months from issuance. The Company issued 4,570 shares of restricted stock on March 28, 2019 to Mr. Ryan Schram, its Chief Operating Officer, for amounts owed on his fourth quarter 2018 performance bonus. The stock was initially valued at $6,124 and vests in equal monthly installments over 48 months from issuance.
On January 31, 2019, the Company issued its six independent directors a total of 88,758 shares of restricted common stock initially valued at $150,000 for their annual service as directors of the Company. The stock vested in equal monthly installments from January through December 2019. One director forfeited 4,932 of these shares valued at $8,335 upon their resignation from the board of directors in September 2019.
On January 31, 2020, the Company issued its five independent directors a total of 390,625 shares of restricted common stock initially valued at $125,000 for their annual service as directors of the Company. The stock vests in equal monthly installments from January through December 2020.
The following table contains summarized information about restricted stock issued during the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Restricted Stock | Common Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted Average Remaining Years to Vest | ||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2018 | 57,984 | $ | 3.70 | 1.4 | |||||||
Granted | 120,512 | 1.60 | |||||||||
Vested | (139,157) | 2.24 | |||||||||
Forfeited | (8,057) | 3.18 | |||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2019 | 31,282 | $ | 2.15 | 1.9 | |||||||
Granted | 390,625 | 0.32 | |||||||||
Vested | (307,934) | 0.70 | |||||||||
Forfeited | — | ||||||||||
Nonvested at September 30, 2020 | 113,973 | $ | 0.61 | 0.4 |
Although restricted stock is issued upon the grant of an award, the Company excludes restricted stock from the computations within the financial statements of total shares outstanding and earnings per share until such time as the restricted stock vests.
Expense recognized on restricted stock issued to non-employees for services was $31,250 and $37,509 during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and was $93,749 and $112,504 during nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Expense recognized on restricted stock issued to employees was $6,507 and $44,856 during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and was $27,175 and $128,113 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
On September 30, 2020, the fair value of the Company’s common stock was approximately $1.00 per share and the intrinsic value on the non-vested restricted stock was $113,449. Future compensation expense related to issued, but non-vested, restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2020 is $68,956. This value is estimated to be recognized over the weighted-average vesting period of approximately 5 months.
Restricted Stock Units
The Board determines the terms and conditions of each restricted stock unit award issued under the May 2011 Plan.
20
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company issued 131,235 restricted stock units on May 17, 2019 to Mr. Murphy under the terms of his amended employment agreement. The restricted stock units were initially valued at $76,510 and vest in equal monthly installments over 36 months from issuance. The Company issued 258,312 restricted stock units on August 29, 2019 to Mr. Murphy under the terms of his amended employment agreement. The restricted stock units were initially valued at $82,660 and vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months from issuance.
The Company issued 890 restricted stock units on May 14, 2019 to Mr. Troy Vanke, the Company’s then Chief Financial Officer, under the terms of his employment agreement. The restricted stock units were initially valued at $578 and vest in equal monthly installments over 12 months from issuance. Upon his departure in August 2019, 667 of these shares were forfeited.
The Company issued 84,994 restricted stock units on January 3, 2020 to Mr. Schram under the terms of his employment agreement. The restricted stock units were initially valued at $23,739 and vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months from issuance. The Company also issued 100,000 restricted stock units on January 3, 2020 to Mr. Schram as additional incentive compensation. The restricted stock units were initially valued at $27,930 and vest in a lump sum 12 months from issuance.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company issued a total of 504,376 restricted stock units initially valued at $143,341 to non-executive employees as additional incentive compensation. The restricted stock units vest 12 months from issuance.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company issued Mr. Murphy 96,521 restricted stock units valued at $37,396 for bonuses owed under the terms of his amended employment agreement. The restricted stock units vest in equal monthly installments over 36 months from issuance.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company issued Mr. Schram 37,348 restricted stock units initially valued at $9,964 for bonuses owed under the terms of his employment agreement. The restricted stock units vest in equal monthly installments over 48 months from issuance.
The following table contains summarized information about restricted stock units during the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Restricted Stock Units | Common Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted Average Remaining Years to Vest | ||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2018 | 160,000 | $ | 1.04 | 1.0 | |||||||
Granted | 410,437 | 0.40 | |||||||||
Vested | (149,290) | 0.79 | |||||||||
Forfeited | (54,335) | 1.04 | |||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2019 | 366,812 | $ | 0.42 | 3.2 | |||||||
Granted | 823,239 | 0.29 | |||||||||
Vested | (121,067) | 0.74 | |||||||||
Forfeited | (80,000) | 0.28 | |||||||||
Nonvested at September 30, 2020 | 988,984 | $ | 0.33 | 1.4 |
Expense recognized on restricted stock units issued to employees was $44,636 and $37,790 during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively and was $159,720 and $92,738 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. On September 30, 2020, the fair value of the Company’s common stock was approximately $1.00 per share and the intrinsic value on the non-vested restricted units was $984,435. Future compensation related to the non-vested restricted stock units as of September 30, 2020 is $212,632 and it is estimated to be recognized over the weighted-average vesting period of approximately 1.4 years.
21
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
Stock Options
Under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plans, the Board determines the exercise price to be paid for the stock option shares, the period within which each stock option may be exercised, and the terms and conditions of each stock option. The exercise price of incentive and non-qualified stock options may not be less than 100% of the fair market value per share of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. If an individual owns stock representing more than 10% of the outstanding shares, the exercise price of each share of an incentive stock option must be equal to or exceed 110% of fair market value. Unless otherwise determined by the Board at the time of grant, the exercise price is set at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date (or the last trading day prior to the grant date, if it is awarded on a non-trading day). Additionally, the term is set at years and the option typically vests on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period as follows: 25% year from the date of grant with the remaining vesting monthly in equal increments over the following years. The Company issues new shares for any stock awards or options exercised under its 2011 Equity Incentive Plans.
A summary of option activity under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plans during the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020, is presented below:
Options Outstanding | Common Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Life (Years) | ||||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 1,040,477 | $ | 5.23 | 6.5 | |||||||||||||
Granted | 586,552 | 0.67 | |||||||||||||||
Expired | (147,313) | 7.59 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited | (121,879) | 2.70 | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 | 1,357,837 | $ | 3.24 | 7.2 | |||||||||||||
Granted | 410,215 | 0.69 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised | (369) | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||
Expired | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited | (35,190) | 4.48 | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding at September 30, 2020 | 1,732,493 | $ | 2.61 | 7.2 | |||||||||||||
Exercisable at September 30, 2020 | 935,280 | $ | 4.08 | 5.7 |
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, 369 options were exercised for gross proceeds of $369. The intrinsic value on exercised options was $265. There were no options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The fair value of the Company's common stock on September 30, 2020 was approximately $1.00 per share and the intrinsic value on outstanding options as of September 30, 2020 was $371,227. The intrinsic value on exercisable options as of September 30, 2020 was $85,557.
A summary of the nonvested stock option activity under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plans during the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020, is presented below:
Nonvested Options | Common Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Weighted Average Remaining Years to Vest | ||||||||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2018 | 300,510 | $ | 0.80 | 2.4 | |||||||||||||
Granted | 586,552 | 0.40 | |||||||||||||||
Vested | (197,202) | 1.44 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited | (89,081) | 0.80 | |||||||||||||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2019 | 600,779 | $ | 0.64 | 3.0 | |||||||||||||
Granted | 410,215 | 0.56 | |||||||||||||||
Vested | (202,778) | 0.72 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited | (11,003) | 0.96 | |||||||||||||||
Nonvested at September 30, 2020 | 797,213 | $ | 0.56 | 2.8 |
22
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
There were outstanding options to purchase 1,732,493 shares with a weighted average exercise price of $2.61 per share, of which options to purchase 935,280 shares were exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of $4.08 per share as of September 30, 2020.
Expense recognized on stock options issued to employees during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $55,202 and $97,220, respectively. Expense recognized on stock options issued to employees during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $166,955 and $277,220, respectively. Future compensation related to non-vested awards as of September 30, 2020 is $404,346 and it is estimated to be recognized over the weighted-average vesting period of approximately 2.8 years.
The following table shows the number of stock options granted under the Company’s 2011 Equity Incentive Plans and the assumptions used to determine the fair value of those options during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Period Ended | Total Stock Options Granted | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Expected Term | Weighted-Average Volatility | Weighted-Average Risk-Free Interest Rate | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | 583,552 | $0.68 | 6 years | 85.03% | 1.92% | $0.44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | 410,215 | $0.69 | 6 years | 108.56% | 0.46% | $0.56 |
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The amended and restated IZEA Worldwide, Inc. 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), provides for the issuance of up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to employees regularly employed by the Company for 90 days or more on a full-time or part-time basis (20 hours or more per week on a regular schedule). The ESPP operates in successive months offering periods commencing at the beginning of each fiscal year half. Each eligible employee who elects to participate may purchase up to 10% of their annual compensation in common stock not to exceed $21,250 annually or 2,000 shares per offering period. The purchase price will be the lower of (i) 85% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) 85% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the last day of the offering period. The ESPP will continue until January 1, 2024, unless otherwise terminated by the Board.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, employees paid $1,944 to purchase 9,665 shares of common stock and $3,096 to purchase 7,099 shares of common stock, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 401,152 remaining shares of common stock available for future issuances under the ESPP.
Summary Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation cost related to all awards granted to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period. The Company estimates the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions stated in Note 1.
Total stock-based compensation expense recognized on restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options and the employee stock purchase plan issuances during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 9,709 | $ | 2,737 | $ | 24,278 | $ | 7,777 | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 3,324 | 6,187 | 42,967 | 18,121 | |||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 95,535 | 170,942 | 289,601 | 472,173 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 108,568 | $ | 179,866 | $ | 356,846 | $ | 498,071 |
Share Repurchase Program
23
IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
On July 1, 2019, the Board authorized and approved a share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $3,500,000 of its common stock from time to time through December 31, 2020, subject to market conditions. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had not repurchased any shares of common stock under the share repurchase program.
NOTE 9. LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income or loss by the basic weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period presented. Although restricted stock is issued upon the grant of an award, the Company excludes restricted stock from the computations of weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding until such time as the stock vests. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss by the sum of the total of the basic weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus the additional dilutive securities that could be exercised or converted into common shares during each period presented less the amount of shares that could be repurchased using the proceeds from the exercises.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (1,254,800) | $ | (1,173,035) | $ | (9,209,403) | $ | (4,996,001) | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted | 45,772,638 | 32,421,043 | 38,879,218 | 22,506,929 | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted loss per common share | $ | (0.03) | $ | (0.04) | $ | (0.24) | $ | (0.22) |
The Company excluded the following weighted average items from the above computation of diluted loss per common share, as their effect would be anti-dilutive:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options | 1,611,459 | 1,300,905 | 1,505,320 | 1,167,205 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units | 1,030,559 | 360,059 | 971,326 | 231,602 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock | 180,843 | 93,636 | 283,287 | 110,861 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants | — | 17,500 | 8,704 | 93,030 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total excluded shares | 2,822,861 | 1,772,100 | 2,768,637 | 1,602,698 |
NOTE 10. REVENUE
The Company has consistently applied its accounting policies with respect to revenue to all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements contained herein. The following table illustrates the Company’s revenue by product service type:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed Services Revenue | $ | 3,513,806 | $ | 3,558,109 | $ | 10,129,210 | $ | 10,416,912 | ||||||||||||||||||
Legacy Workflow Fees | — | 44,170 | — | 135,791 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Marketplace Spend Fees | 120,630 | 266,037 | 482,817 | 955,328 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
License Fees | 358,879 | 505,634 | 1,184,423 | 1,545,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Fees | 42,805 | 37,136 | 138,377 | 75,453 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
SaaS Services Revenue | 522,314 | 852,977 | 1,805,617 | 2,711,794 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue | $ | 4,036,120 | $ | 4,411,086 | $ | 11,934,827 | $ | 13,128,706 |
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IZEA Worldwide, Inc.
Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table provides the Company’s revenues as determined by the country of domicile:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | September 30, 2020 | September 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 3,666,860 | $ | 4,089,532 | $ | 11,313,653 | $ | 11,873,948 | ||||||||||||||||||
Canada | 369,260 | 321,554 | 621,174 | 1,254,758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 4,036,120 | $ | 4,411,086 | $ | 11,934,827 | $ | 13,128,706 |
Contract Balances
The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.
September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 3,981,132 | $ | 5,596,719 | |||||||
Contract liabilities (unearned revenue) | $ | 7,028,687 | $ | 6,466,766 |
The Company does not typically engage in contracts that are longer than year. Therefore, the Company did not recognize any contract assets as of September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019. The Company does not capitalize costs to obtain its customer contracts given their general duration of less than year and the amounts are not material.
Contract receivables are recognized when the receipt of consideration is unconditional. Contract liabilities relate to advance consideration received from customers under the terms of the Company’s contracts, which will be earned in future periods.
As a practical expedient, the Company expenses the costs of sales commissions that are paid to its sales force associated with obtaining contracts less than one year in length in the period incurred.
Remaining Performance Obligations
The Company typically enters into contracts that are one year or less in length. As such, the remaining performance obligations at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are equal to the contract liabilities disclosed above. The Company expects to recognize the full balance of the unearned revenue at September 30, 2020 within the next year.
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ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The statements, which are not historical facts contained in this report, including those contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and the notes to our consolidated financial statements, particularly those that utilize terminology such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “believes,” “thinks,” “intends,” “likely,” “projects,” “plans,” “pursue,” “strategy” or “future,” or the negative of these words or other words or expressions of similar meaning, are forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information, and are subject to inherent risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Future events and our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause these differences include, but are not limited to, the following:
•the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, financial condition and the worldwide economy;
•customer cancellations;
•our ability to raise additional funding needed to fund our business operation in the future;
•our ability to satisfy the requirements for continued listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market;
•our ability to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting;
•our ability to protect our intellectual property;
•our ability to maintain and grow our business;
•results of any future litigation;
•competition in the industry;
•variability of operating results;
•our ability to maintain and enhance our brand;
•accuracy of tracking the number of user accounts;
•our development and introduction of new products and services;
•the successful integration of acquired companies, technologies and assets into our portfolio of software and services;
•marketing and other business development initiatives;
•general government regulation;
•economic conditions, including as a result of health and safety concerns;
•dependence on key personnel;
•the ability to attract, hire and retain personnel who possess the technical skills and experience necessary to meet the service requirements of our customers;
•the potential liability with respect to actions taken by our existing and past employees;
•risks associated with international sales;
•and the other risks and uncertainties described in the Risk Factors section of this Quarterly Report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
All forward-looking statements in this document are based on our current expectations, intentions and beliefs using information currently available to us as of the date of this Annual Report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
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Company Overview
IZEA Worldwide, Inc. (“IZEA”, “we”, “us” or “our”) creates and operates online marketplaces that connect marketers, including brands, agencies, and publishers, with content creators such as bloggers and tweeters (“creators”). Our technology brings the marketers and creators together, enabling their transactions to be completed at scale through the management of custom content workflow, creator search and targeting, bidding, analytics and payment processing.
We help power the creator economy, allowing everyone from college students and stay-at-home individuals to celebrities and accredited journalists the opportunity to monetize their content, creativity and influence through our marketers. These creators are compensated by IZEA for producing unique content such as long and short form text, videos, photos, status updates, and illustrations for marketers or distributing such content on behalf of marketers through their personal websites, blogs, and social media channels.
Marketers engage us to gain access to our industry expertise, technology, data, analytics, and network of creators. The majority of the marketers engage us to perform these services on their behalf, but they also have the ability to use our marketplaces on a self-service basis by licensing our technology. Our technology is used for two primary purposes: the engagement of creators for influencer marketing campaigns, or the engagement of creators to create stand-alone custom content for the marketers’ own use and distribution. Marketers receive influential consumer content and engaging, shareable stories that drive awareness.
Our primary technology platform, The IZEA Exchange (“IZEAx”), enables transactions to be completed at scale through the management of custom content workflow, creator search and targeting, bidding, analytics, and payment processing. IZEAx is designed to provide a unified ecosystem that enables the creation and publication of multiple types of custom content through a creator’s personal websites, blogs, or social media channels including Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube, among others. Until December 2019 when it was merged into IZEAx, we operated the Ebyline technology platform, which we acquired in January 2015. The Ebyline platform was originally designed as a self-service content marketplace to replace in-house editorial newsrooms in news agencies with a “virtual newsroom” to source and handle their content workflow with outside creators. After the acquisition, we began to utilize the creators in the Ebyline platform to produce professional custom content for brands, in addition to the self-service functionality used by newspapers. In July 2016, we acquired the ZenContent technology platform to use as an in-house workflow tool that enables us to produce highly scalable, multi-part production of content for both e-commerce entities and brand customers. The TapInfluence technology platform, acquired in 2018, performed in a similar manner to IZEAx and was being utilized by the majority of the TapInfluence customers as a self-service platform via a licensing arrangement, allowing access to the platform and its creators for self-managed marketing campaigns. After the migration of the last customers to IZEAx from the Ebyline platform in December 2019 and from the TapInfluence platform in February 2020, all marketplace revenue is solely generated from the IZEAx platform.
Impact of COVID-19 on our Business
Although the ultimate impact of COVID-19 on our business is still unknown, our operations, sales and finances have been impacted by the pandemic during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. In an effort to protect the health and safety of our employees, we took precautionary action and directed all staff to work from home effective March 16, 2020. During this work-from-home period, we have not renewed leases for our headquarters and temporary office spaces and we do not have any plans to do so prior to the end of 2020 and until circumstances allow.
Although we are able to maintain full operations remotely, the economic conditions caused by COVID-19 have negatively impacted the business activity of our customers. We observed changes in advertising decisions, timing and spending priorities from brand and agency customers, which have resulted in a negative impact to our revenue.
In light of the adverse economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented certain cost-reduction measures, including temporary salary and wage reductions averaging 20%, including a 21% reduction in base salary for our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and fees for our directors, during the entire three months ended June 30, 2020. We reduced and shifted our marketing expense and eliminated travel expense for the near term future. In March 2020, we incurred debt by drawing on our secured credit facility and receiving a loan under the U.S. Small Business Association’s Paycheck Protection Program. After we were able to secure additional capital through sales of our common stock through an at the market offering in June 2020, the secured credit facility was paid down by June 30, 2020 and the employee salary reductions and hiring restrictions were removed effective July 1, 2020.
In an effort to contain COVID-19 or slow its spread, governments around the world have also enacted various measures, including orders to close all businesses not deemed “essential,” isolate residents to their homes or places of residence, and practice social distancing when engaging in essential activities. These measures have impacted the method and timing of certain business meetings and our attendance at industry events.
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When COVID-19 is demonstrably contained, we anticipate a rebound in economic activity, depending on the rate, pace, and effectiveness of the containment efforts deployed by various national, state, and local governments; however, the timing and extent of any such rebound is uncertain.
We will continue to actively monitor the situation and may take further actions altering our business operations that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, suppliers, and stakeholders, or as required by federal, state, or local authorities. It is not clear what the potential effects any such alterations or modifications may have on our business, including the effects on our customers, employees, and prospects, or on our financial results for the remainder of fiscal year 2020 or beyond.
Key Components of Results of Operations
Overall consolidated results of operations are evaluated based on Revenue, Cost of Revenue, Sales and Marketing expenses, General and Administrative expenses, Depreciation and Amortization, and Other Income (Expense), net.
Revenue
We historically generated revenue from five primary sources: (1) revenue from our managed services when a marketer (typically a brand, agency or partner) pays us to provide custom content, influencer marketing, amplification or other campaign management services (“Managed Services”); (2) revenue from fees charged to software customers on their marketplace spend within our IZEAx and TapInfluence platforms (“Marketplace Spend Fees”); (3) revenue from fees charged to access the IZEAx, Ebyline, and TapInfluence platforms (“License Fees”); (4) revenue from transactions generated by the self-service use of our Ebyline platform for professional custom content workflow (“Legacy Workflow Fees”); and (5) revenue derived from other fees such as inactivity fees, early cash-out fees, and subscription plan fees charged to users of our platforms (“Other Fees”). After the migration of the last customers from the Ebyline platform to IZEAx in December 2019, there is no longer any revenue generated from Legacy Workflow Fees and all such revenue is reported as Marketplace Spend Fees under the IZEAx platform.
As discussed in more detail within “Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates” under “Note 1. Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” under Part I, Item 1 herein, revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees and Legacy Workflow Fees is reported on a net basis and revenue from all other sources, including Managed Services, License Fees and Other Fees are reported on a gross basis. We further categorize these sources into two primary groups: (1) Managed Services and (2) SaaS Services, which includes revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees, License Fees and Legacy Workflow Fees, and Other Fees.
Cost of Revenue
Our cost of revenue consists of direct costs paid to our third-party creators who provide the custom content, influencer marketing or amplification services for our Managed Service customers where we report revenue on a gross basis. It also includes internal costs related to our campaign fulfillment and SaaS support departments. These costs include salaries, bonuses, commissions, stock-based compensation, employee benefit costs, and miscellaneous departmental costs related to the personnel who are primarily responsible for providing support to our customers and ultimately fulfillment of our obligations under our contracts with customers. Where appropriate, we capitalize costs that were incurred with software that is developed or acquired for our revenue supporting platforms and amortize these costs over the estimated useful lives of those platforms. This amortization is separately stated under depreciation and amortization in our consolidated statements of operations.
Sales and Marketing
Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, bonuses, commissions, stock-based compensation, employee benefit costs, travel and miscellaneous departmental costs for our marketing, sales and sales support personnel, as well as marketing expenses such as brand marketing, public relation events, trade shows and marketing materials, and travel expenses.
General and Administrative
Our general and administrative expense consists primarily of salaries, bonuses, commissions, stock-based compensation, employee benefit costs, and miscellaneous departmental costs related to our executive, finance, legal, human resources, and other administrative personnel. It also includes travel, public company and investor relations expenses, as well as accounting and legal professional services fees, leasehold facilities, and other corporate-related expenses. General and administrative expense also includes our technology and development costs consisting primarily of our payroll costs for
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our internal engineers and contractors responsible for developing, maintaining and improving our technology, as well as hosting and software subscription costs. These costs are expensed as incurred, except to the extent that they are associated with internal use software that qualifies for capitalization, which are then recorded as software development costs in the consolidated balance sheet. We also capitalize costs that are related to our acquired intangible assets. Depreciation and amortization related to these costs are separately stated under depreciation and amortization in our consolidated statements of operations. General and administrative expense also includes current period gains and losses on costs previously accrued related to our acquisitions, as well as gains and losses from the sale of fixed assets. Impairments on fixed assets, intangible assets and goodwill, are included as part of general and administrative expense when they are not material and broken out separately in our consolidated statements of operations when they are material.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense consists primarily of amortization of our internal use software and acquired intangible assets from our business acquisitions. To a lesser extent, we also have depreciation and amortization on equipment and leasehold improvements used by our personnel. Costs are amortized or depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the associated assets.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense. Interest expense is mainly related to the imputed interest on our acquisition costs payable and interest when we use our secured credit facility.
Other Income (Expense). Other income (expense) consists primarily of interest income for interest earned or changes in the value of our foreign assets and liabilities and foreign currency exchange gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, primarily related to the Canadian Dollar.
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Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated statements of operations and the change between the periods:
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 4,036,120 | $ | 4,411,086 | $ | (374,966) | (9) | % | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization) | 1,701,770 | 1,904,287 | (202,517) | (11) | % | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 1,403,037 | 1,518,165 | (115,128) | (8) | % | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 1,827,267 | 1,752,126 | 75,141 | 4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 372,483 | 433,094 | (60,611) | (14) | % | |||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 5,304,557 | 5,607,672 | (303,115) | (5) | % | |||||||||||||||
Loss from operations | (1,268,437) | (1,196,586) | (71,851) | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (16,448) | (27,734) | 11,286 | (41) | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net | 30,085 | 51,285 | (21,200) | (41) | % | |||||||||||||||
Total other income (expense), net | 13,637 | 23,551 | (9,914) | (42) | % | |||||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (1,254,800) | $ | (1,173,035) | $ | (81,765) | 7 | % |
Revenue
The following table illustrates our revenue by type, the percentage of total revenue by type, and the change between the periods:
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed Services Revenue | 3,513,806 | 87 | % | 3,558,109 | 81 | % | $ | (44,303) | (1) | % | ||||||||||||||||
Legacy Workflow Fees | — | — | % | 44,170 | 1 | % | (44,170) | (100) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Marketplace Spend Fees | 120,630 | 3 | % | 266,037 | 6 | % | (145,407) | (55) | % | |||||||||||||||||
License Fees | 358,879 | 9 | % | 505,634 | 11 | % | (146,755) | (29) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Other Fees | 42,805 | 1 | % | 37,136 | 1 | % | 5,669 | 15 | % | |||||||||||||||||
SaaS Services Revenue | 522,314 | 13 | % | 852,977 | 19 | % | (330,663) | (39) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue | $ | 4,036,120 | 100 | % | $ | 4,411,086 | 100 | % | $ | (374,966) | (9) | % |
Historically, we have invested the majority of our time and resources in our Managed Services business, which provides the majority of our revenue. Our acquisitions of Ebyline and ZenContent allowed us to expand our product offerings to provide custom content in addition to and in combination with our influencer marketing campaigns to expand our Managed Services. Our July 2018 merger with TapInfluence expanded our SaaS Services to derive revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees and License Fees.
Managed Services is generated when a marketer (typically a brand, agency or partner) pays us to provide custom content, influencer marketing, amplification or other campaign management services. Managed Services revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 1% from the same period in 2019, primarily due to marketers canceling or pausing planned advertising campaigns in the third quarter of 2020 as a result of spending freezes or inability to offer their products for sale as a result of business shutdowns or changes due to COVID-19 and recent events.
SaaS Services revenue is generated by the self-service use of our technology platforms by marketers to manage their own content workflow and influencer marketing campaigns. It consists of fees earned on the marketer’s spend within the IZEAx, TapInfluence and Ebyline platforms, along with the license and support fees to access the platform services.
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•Legacy Workflow Fees revenue represents self-service transactions through the Ebyline platform for professional custom content workflow. After the migration of the last customers from the Ebyline platform to IZEAx in December 2019, there is no longer any revenue generated from Legacy Workflow Fees. Any activity from former legacy workflow customers is now generated under the IZEAx platform and reported as Marketplace Spend Fees.
•Marketplace Spend Fees revenue primarily results from fees on transaction spending by marketers and partners using the IZEAx and, from July 2018 - February 2020, the TapInfluence platforms on a SaaS basis to purchase or distribute content for their internal use or advertising purposes. We charge the self-service customer the transaction price plus a fee based on agreed upon rates. Our revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees decreased by $145,407 to $120,630 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 when compared to $266,037 for the same period in 2019, primarily as a result lower fees assessed on marketplace spends as a result of competitive pricing efforts and the incorporation of lower margin legacy workflow customers into IZEAx, as well as, lower spend levels from our marketers. Revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees represents our net margins received on this business. After the migration of the last customers from the TapInfluence platform to IZEAx in February 2020, all revenue is solely generated from the IZEAx platform.
•License Fees revenue is generated primarily through the granting of limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable licenses to customers for the use of the IZEAx and, until February 2020, the TapInfluence technology platforms for an agreed-upon subscription period. Customers license the platforms to manage their own influencer marketing campaigns. Fees for subscription or licensing services are recognized straight-line over the term of the service. License Fees revenue decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2020 to $358,879 compared to $505,634 in the same period of 2019. The decrease was partly due to former TapInfluence customers who did not renew through 2020. Additionally, we implemented a competitive standardized pricing system for all IZEAx license customers that was at a lower price point than the former TapInfluence licensing contracts.
•Other Fees revenue consists of other fees, such as inactivity fees, early cash-out fees, and subscription plan fees charged to users of our platforms. Other Fees revenue increased 15% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to an increase in the number of subscriptions for certain new self-service offerings such as IZEAx Discovery and BrandGraph.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $202,517, or approximately 11%, compared to the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of the decrease in variable costs associated with the decline in Managed Services revenue. Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue improved from 43% in 2019 to 42% in 2020 primarily due to a $83,000 reduction in personnel and travel related costs on the fulfillment of customer marketing campaigns.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $115,128, or approximately 8%, compared to the same period in 2019. Our marketing and conference related expenses decreased by $32,000 and travel related expenses decreased by $66,000 due to the impact of COVID-19 restricting travel and changing the mediums and frequency by which we advertise in 2020. Additionally, we reduced software subcriptions by $14,000 through our efforts to reduce costs by cutting non-essential offerings after our change in working environments and changing or consolidating functionality between providers.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $75,141, or approximately 4%, compared to the same period in 2019. General and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased primarily due to a gain of $793,849 related to the settlement of our acquisition cost liabilities in 2019 that did not recur in 2020. The gain resulted due to the actual closing market price of our common stock on the date of settlement being lower than the 30-day volume weighted average price used to calculate the number of shares used to pay for the acquisition liability pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreements.
This non-recurring gain from 2019 was offset in 2020 by a $244,000 decrease in payroll, stock compensation and personnel related expenses as a result of a 20% decrease in the number of employees compared to the prior year quarter. Rent expense decreased by $120,000 due to the non-renewal of expiring office facility leases and travel costs decreased by $35,000 as our employees continue to work from home. Spends on subscription based software and web hosting costs decreased by $127,000 due to cutting non-essential software offerings after the change in our working environments and optimizing usage of our data hosting servers after shutting down the TapInfluence technology platform in February 2020. Additionally, we capitalized nearly $113,000 of general and administrative costs during three months ended September 30, 2020 that were
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attributed to internal software build costs. Professional fees also decreased by $36,000 primarily due to reduced legal fees on special projects and losses from equipment disposals decreased by $34,000 during three months ended September 30, 2020.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $60,611, or approximately 14%, compared to the same period in 2019.
Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $32,288 and $25,392 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Depreciation expense has increased slightly due to the purchase of new equipment in the fourth quarter of 2019 and first quarter of 2020.
Amortization expense was $340,195 and $407,702 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets acquired in the Ebyline, ZenContent, and TapInfluence acquisitions was $237,657 and $297,629 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, while amortization expense related to internal use software development costs was $102,538 and $110,073 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization on our intangible acquisition assets decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2020 due to completion of amortization on certain intangible assets acquired in prior years.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest expense decreased by $11,286 to $16,448 during the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due primarily to the elimination of amounts owed on our acquisition costs payable and amortization thereon after July 2019.
The $21,200 decrease in other income during the three months ended September 30, 2020 when compared to the same period in 2019 resulted primarily due to reduced interest income received on cash balances as short term interest rates declined to near zero in 2020 after the outbreak of COVID-19.
Net Loss
Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $1,254,800, a $81,765 increase compared to the net loss of $1,173,035 for the same period in 2019. The increase in net loss was a result of the changes discussed above.
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Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated statements of operations and the change between the periods:
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 11,934,827 | $ | 13,128,706 | $ | (1,193,879) | (9) | % | ||||||||||||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue (exclusive of amortization) | 5,256,536 | 5,821,237 | (564,701) | (10) | % | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 4,154,871 | 4,238,074 | (83,203) | (2) | % | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 6,165,597 | 6,596,485 | (430,888) | (7) | % | |||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | 4,300,000 | — | 4,300,000 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,250,859 | 1,317,423 | (66,564) | (5) | % | |||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 21,127,863 | 17,973,219 | 3,154,644 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||
Loss from operations | (9,193,036) | (4,844,513) | (4,348,523) | 90 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (42,542) | (242,935) | 200,393 | (82) | % | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net | 26,175 | 91,447 | (65,272) | (71) | % | |||||||||||||||
Total other income (expense), net | (16,367) | (151,488) | 135,121 | (89) | % | |||||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (9,209,403) | $ | (4,996,001) | $ | (4,213,402) | 84 | % |
Revenue
The following table illustrates our revenue by type, the percentage of total revenue by type, and the change between the periods:
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed Services Revenue | $ | 10,129,210 | 85 | % | $ | 10,416,912 | 79 | % | $ | (287,702) | (3) | % | ||||||||||||||
Legacy Workflow Fees | — | — | % | 135,791 | 1 | % | (135,791) | (100) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Marketplace Spend Fees | 482,817 | 4 | % | 955,328 | 7 | % | (472,511) | (49) | % | |||||||||||||||||
License Fees | 1,184,423 | 10 | % | 1,545,222 | 12 | % | (360,799) | (23) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Other Fees | 138,377 | 1 | % | 75,453 | 1 | % | 62,924 | 83 | % | |||||||||||||||||
SaaS Services Revenue | 1,805,617 | 15 | % | 2,711,794 | 21 | % | (906,177) | (33) | % | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue | $ | 11,934,827 | 100 | % | $ | 13,128,706 | 100 | % | $ | (1,193,879) | (9) | % |
Managed Services revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 3% from the same period in 2019, primarily due to marketers canceling or pausing planned advertising campaigns in March 2020 and throughout the year as a result of uncertainty or inability to offer their products for sale as a result of business shutdowns or changes due to COVID-19 and recent events.
SaaS Services revenue is generated by the self-service use of our technology platforms by marketers to manage their own content workflow and influencer marketing campaigns. It consists of fees earned on the marketer’s spend within the IZEAx, TapInfluence and Ebyline platforms, along with the license and support fees to access the platform services.
•Legacy Workflow Fees are no longer generated after the migration of the last customers from the Ebyline platform to IZEAx in December 2019. Any activity from former legacy workflow customers is now generated under the IZEAx platform and reported as Marketplace Spend Fees.
•Marketplace Spend Fees decreased by $472,511 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 when compared with the same period in 2019, primarily as a result of lower spend levels from our marketers and lower fees assessed on those spends as a result of competitive pricing efforts and the incorporation of lower margin legacy workflow
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customers into IZEAx. Revenue from Marketplace Spend Fees represents our net margins received on this business. After the migration of the last customers from the TapInfluence platform to IZEAx in February 2020, all revenue is solely generated from the IZEAx platform.
•License Fees revenue decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to $1,184,423 compared to $1,545,222 in the same period of 2019. The decrease was partly due to former TapInfluence customers who churned during the second half of 2019. Additionally, we implemented a competitive standardized pricing system for all IZEAx license fee customers that was at a lower price point than the former TapInfluence licensing contracts.
•Other Fees revenue increased 83% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to increases in the number of subscriptions for certain new self-service offerings such as IZEAx Discovery.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $564,701, or approximately 10%, compared to the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of the decrease in Managed Services revenue. Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue remained consistent at 44% in 2019 and 44% in 2020.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $83,203, or approximately 2%, compared to the same period in 2019. Our average number of sales and marketing personnel increased by 6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 which, along with the increase in variable compensation linked with sales performance and stock compensation, contributed to a $68,000 increase in sales and marketing payroll and personnel related expenses. Prior to the cost reduction efforts as a result of COVID-19, we also increased our marketing expenses to generate awareness and future revenue which resulted in an overall increase of $14,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. These increases were offset by a reduction in travel related expenses of $126,000 due to the impact of COVID-19 restricting travel beginning in March 2020 and reductions of $33,000 for reduced spends on subscription based software.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $430,888, or approximately 7%, compared to the same period in 2019. General and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased due to a $719,000 reduction in payroll and personnel related expenses as a result of a13% decrease in the number of employees compared to the prior year period and the 20% average decrease in salaries that was implemented during the second quarter of 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 cost reduction efforts. Rent expense also decreased by $208,000 due to the non-renewal of expiring office facility leases and travel costs decreased by $99,000 as our employees continue to work from home. These decreases were offset by a gain of $602,410 related to the settlement of our acquisition cost liabilities in 2019 that did not recur in 2020. The gain resulted due to the actual closing market price of our common stock on the date of settlement being lower than the 30-day volume weighted average price used to calculate the number of shares used to pay for the liability pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreements.
Impairment of Goodwill
In March 2020, we identified triggering events due to the reduction in our projected revenue due to adverse economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the continuation of a market capitalization below our carrying value, and uncertainty for recovery given the volatility of the capital markets surrounding COVID-19. We performed an interim assessment of goodwill using the income approach of the discounted cash flow method and the market approach of the guideline transaction method and determined that the carrying value of our Company as of March 31, 2020 exceeded the fair value. As a result of the valuation, we recorded a $4.3 million impairment of goodwill resulting in an expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $66,564, or approximately 5%, compared to the same period in 2019.
Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $102,495 and $99,814 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Depreciation expense has increased slightly due to the purchase of new equipment in the fourth quarter of 2019 and first quarter of 2020.
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Amortization expense was $1,148,364 and $1,217,609 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets acquired in the Ebyline, ZenContent, and TapInfluence acquisitions was $842,637 and $943,443 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, while amortization expense related to internal use software development costs was $305,727 and $274,166 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization on our intangible acquisition assets decreased in 2020 as several of these assets were fully amortized during 2020. Amortization on our internal use software increased due to the release of IZEAx 3.0 in April 2019.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest expense decreased by $200,393 to $42,542 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due primarily to the elimination of amounts owed on our acquisition costs payable and amortization thereon after July 2019 and partly to the reduction in our average borrowings on our secured credit facility during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
The $65,272 decrease in other income during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 when compared to the same period in 2019 resulted primarily from reduced interest income received on cash balances as short term interest rates declined to near zero in 2020 after the outbreak of COVID-19 and currency exchange losses on our Canadian transactions in 2020.
Net Loss
Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $9,209,403, a $4,213,402 increase in the net loss of $4,996,001 for the same period in 2019. The increase in net loss was primarily the result of the goodwill impairment discussed above.
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Key Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Below are financial measures of our gross billings and Adjusted EBITDA. We use this information to assess the progress of our business and make decisions on where to allocate our resources. As our business evolves, we may make changes in future periods to the key financial metrics that we consider to measure our business.
Gross Billings by Revenue Type
Company management evaluates our operations and makes strategic decisions based, in part, on our key metric of gross billings from our two primary types of revenue, Managed Services and SaaS Services. We define gross billings as the total dollar value of the amounts charged to our customers for the services we perform and the amounts billed to our SaaS customers for their self-service purchase of goods and services on our platforms. The amounts billed to our SaaS customers are on a cost plus basis. Gross billings are the amounts of our reported revenue plus the cost of payments we made to third-party creators providing the content or sponsorship services, which are netted against revenue for generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) reporting purposes.
Gross billings for Managed Services are the same as revenue reported for those services in our consolidated statements of operations on a GAAP basis, as there is no requirement to net the costs of revenue against the revenue. Gross billings for SaaS Services differ from revenue reported for these services in our consolidated statements of operations on a GAAP basis, as revenue for these services are presented net of the amounts we collect and pay to the third-party creators providing the content or sponsorship services to the self-service SaaS customer.
We consider gross billings to be an important indicator of our potential performance as it measures the total dollar volume of transactions generated through our marketplaces. Tracking gross billings allows us to monitor the percentage of gross billings that we are able to retain after payments to our creators. Additionally, tracking gross billings is critical as it pertains to our credit risk and cash flow. We invoice our customers based on our services performed or based on their self-service transactions plus our fee. Then we remit the agreed-upon transaction price to the creators. If we do not collect the money from our customers prior to the time of payment to our creators, we could experience large swings in our cash flows. Finally, gross billings allow us to evaluate our transaction totals on an equal basis in order for us to see our contribution margins by revenue stream so that we can better understand where we should be allocating our resources.
The following tables set forth our gross billings by revenue type, the percentage of total gross billings by type, and the change between the periods:
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed Services Gross Billings | $ | 3,513,806 | 64% | $ | 3,558,109 | 53% | $ | (44,303) | (1)% | |||||||||||||||||
Legacy Workflow Fees | — | —% | 609,375 | 9% | (609,375) | (100)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Marketplace Spend Fees | 1,605,729 | 29% | 1,942,995 | 29% | (337,266) | (17)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
License Fees | 358,879 | 6% | 505,634 | 8% | (146,755) | (29)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other Fees | 42,805 | 1% | 37,136 | 1% | 5,669 | 15% | ||||||||||||||||||||
SaaS Services Gross Billings | 2,007,413 | 36% | 3,095,140 | 47% | (1,087,727) | (35)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total Gross Billings | $ | 5,521,219 | 100% | $ | 6,653,249 | 100% | $ | (1,132,030) | (17)% |
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Managed Services Gross Billings | $ | 10,129,210 | 63% | $ | 10,416,912 | 49% | $ | (287,702) | (3)% | |||||||||||||||||
Legacy Workflow Fees | — | —% | 1,871,056 | 9% | (1,871,056) | (100)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Marketplace Spend Fees | 4,702,383 | 29% | 7,199,141 | 34% | (2,496,758) | (35)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
License Fees | 1,184,423 | 7% | 1,545,222 | 7% | (360,799) | (23)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other Fees | 138,377 | 1% | 75,453 | 1% | 62,924 | 83% | ||||||||||||||||||||
SaaS Services Gross Billings | 6,025,183 | 37% | 10,690,872 | 51% | (4,665,689) | (44)% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total Gross Billings | $ | 16,154,393 | 100% | $ | 21,107,784 | 100% | $ | (4,953,391) | (23)% |
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Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a “non-GAAP financial measure” as defined under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings or loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, non-cash stock-based compensation, gain or loss on asset disposals or impairment, changes in acquisition cost estimates, and certain other unusual or non-cash income and expense items such as gains or losses on settlement of liabilities and exchanges, and changes in the fair value of derivatives, if applicable.
We use Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of operating performance, for planning purposes, to allocate resources to enhance the financial performance of our business, and in communications with our Board of Directors regarding our financial performance. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA also provides useful information to investors as it excludes transactions not related to our core cash-generating operating business activities, and it provides consistency to facilitate period-to-period comparisons. We believe that excluding these transactions allows investors to meaningfully trend and analyze the performance of our core cash-generating operations.
All companies do not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner, and Adjusted EBITDA as presented by us may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA presented by other companies, which limits its usefulness as a comparative measure. Moreover, Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results of operations as under GAAP. These limitations are that Adjusted EBITDA:
•does not include stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense, but has been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense for our business and an important part of our compensation strategy;
•does not include stock issued for payment of services, which is a non-cash expense, but has been, and is expected to be for the foreseeable future, an important means for us to compensate our directors, vendors and other parties who provide us with services;
•does not include changes in acquisition cost estimates as a result of the allocation of acquisition costs payable to compensation expense which may be a significant recurring expense for our business if we continue to make business acquisitions;
•does not include gains or losses on the settlement of acquisition costs payable or liabilities when the stock value, as agreed upon in the agreement, varies from the market price of our stock on the settlement date. This is a non-cash expense, but was a recurring expense for our business on certain business contracts where the amounts could vary;
•does not include depreciation and intangible assets amortization expense, impairment charges and gains or losses on disposal of equipment, which is not always a current period cash expense, but the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future; and
•does not include interest expense and other gains, losses, and expenses that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing core operating results, but these items may represent a reduction or increase in cash available to us.
Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as a measure of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the operation and growth of our business or as a measure of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations. You should compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using these non-GAAP financial measures as supplements. In evaluating these non-GAAP financial measures, you should be aware that in the future, we may incur expenses similar to those for which adjustments are made in calculating Adjusted EBITDA. Our presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures should also not be construed to infer that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.
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The following table sets forth a reconciliation from the GAAP measurement of net loss to our non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (1,254,800) | $ | (1,173,035) | $ | (9,209,403) | $ | (4,996,001) | |||||||||||||||
Non-cash stock-based compensation | 108,568 | 179,866 | 356,846 | 498,071 | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash stock issued for payment of services | 31,250 | 37,509 | 93,749 | 112,504 | |||||||||||||||||||
Gain on settlement of acquisition costs payable | — | (793,849) | — | (602,410) | |||||||||||||||||||
Increase in value of acquisition costs payable | — | 889 | — | 6,222 | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 16,448 | 27,734 | 42,542 | 242,935 | |||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 372,483 | 433,094 | 1,250,859 | 1,317,423 | |||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | — | — | 4,300,000 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Other non-cash items | 1,283 | 31,998 | (22,423) | 23,903 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (724,768) | $ | (1,255,794) | $ | (3,187,830) | $ | (3,397,353) | |||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 4,036,120 | $ | 4,411,086 | $ | 11,934,827 | $ | 13,128,706 | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of Revenue | (18) | % | (28) | % | (27) | % | (26) | % |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We had cash and cash equivalents of $30,617,921 as of September 30, 2020 as compared to $5,884,629 as of December 31, 2019, an increase of $24,733,292 primarily due to net proceeds received from the sale of our common stock in our at the market offering program offset by operating losses. We have incurred significant net losses and negative cash flow from operations for most periods since our inception, which has resulted in a total accumulated deficit of $69,594,172 as of September 30, 2020. To date, we have financed our operations through revenue from operations, borrowings under our secured credit facility, the PPP Loan (described below) and the sale of our equity securities.
Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
Net cash (used for)/provided by: | |||||||||||
Operating activities | $ | (1,997,995) | $ | (2,280,532) | |||||||
Investing activities | (254,318) | (583,273) | |||||||||
Financing activities | 26,985,605 | 7,703,955 | |||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 24,733,292 | $ | 4,840,150 |
Cash used for operating activities was $1,997,995 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and is primarily the result of continued use of cash to cover operating losses. Net cash used for investing activities was $254,318 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to the payment of $266,035 in the development of our proprietary software. Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $26,985,605, which consisted primarily of net proceeds of approximately $25.2 million from the sale of our common stock in our at the market offering program and approximately $1.9 million from the PPP Loan (described below).
Secured Credit Facility
We have a secured credit facility agreement with Western Alliance Bank, the parent company of Bridge Bank, National Association. Pursuant to this agreement, we may submit requests for funding up to 80% of our eligible accounts receivable up to a maximum credit limit of $5 million. Effective August 30, 2018, as a result of IZEA’s merger with TapInfluence, we entered into a Business Financing Modification Agreement and Consent with Western Alliance Bank to add TapInfluence as an additional borrower on the credit facility. As of September 30, 2020, we had no amounts outstanding under this agreement. Assuming that our unfunded remaining trade accounts receivable balance was eligible for funding, we had approximately $3.2 million in available credit of under the agreement as of September 30, 2020.
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PPP Loan
On April 23, 2020, we received a loan from Western Alliance Bank (the “Lender”) in the principal amount of $1,905,100 (the “PPP Loan”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), which was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The term of the promissory note (the “Note”) issued in respect of the loan is two years, though it may be payable sooner in connection with an event of default under the Note. The PPP Loan carries a fixed interest rate of one percent per year. Certain amounts received under the PPP Loan may be forgiven if the loan proceeds are used for eligible purposes, including payroll costs and certain rent or utility costs, and we meet other requirements regarding, among other things, the maintenance of employment and compensation levels. Loan payments on the PPP Loan may be deferred to either (1) the date that the SBA remits our loan forgiveness amount to the Lender or (2) ten months after the end of our loan forgiveness covered period, if we do not apply for loan forgiveness. We plan to submit our forgiveness application in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. The forgiveness of the PPP Loan is dependent on our qualifying for the forgiveness of the PPP Loan based on our adherence to the forgiveness criteria under the CARES Act, but no assurance is provided that we will obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.
At the Market (ATM) Offering
On June 4, 2020, we entered into an ATM Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with National Securities Corporation, as sales agent (“National Securities”), pursuant to which we may offer and sell, from time to time, through National Securities, shares of our common stock, by any method deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ATM Offering”). As of September 30, 2020, we had sold 13,258,172 shares at an average price of $1.94 per share for total gross proceeds of $25,740,293 in the ATM Offering under our shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-238619).
Financial Condition
We have seen impacts on our operations due to changes in advertising decisions, timing and spending priorities from our customers as a result of COVID-19, which has had and may continue to have a negative impact to our expected future sales and valuation estimates. With our cash on hand as of September 30, 2020, we expect to have sufficient cash reserves and financing sources available to cover expenses at least one year from the issuance of this Quarterly Report based on our current estimates of revenue and expenses for the next twelve months. While the disruption caused by COVID-19 is currently expected to be temporary, it is generally outside of our control and there is uncertainty around the duration and the total economic impact. Therefore, this matter could have a further material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial position in future periods.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2020, we did not engage in any activities involving variable interest entities or off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as set forth in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. For a summary of our significant accounting policies, please refer to Note 1 — Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See “Note 1. Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for information on additional recent pronouncements.
ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.
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ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Furthermore, controls and procedures could be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion or two or more people or by management override of the control. Misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected on a timely basis.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
In connection with the preparation of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2020, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer to determine the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2020. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the Company’s transactions;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for the preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of any unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect financial statement misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of internal control effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we may become involved in various other lawsuits and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Litigation is, however, subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. As of November 12, 2020, we are not aware of any legal proceedings or claims that we believe would or could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on us. Regardless of final outcomes, however, any such proceedings or claims may nonetheless impose a significant burden on management and employees and may come with costly defense costs or unfavorable preliminary interim rulings.
ITEM 1A – RISK FACTORS
In addition to the information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under Item 1A of Part I to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 regarding the numerous and varied risks, known and unknown, that may prevent us from achieving our goals. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operation may be materially and adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and investors could lose all or part of their investment. These risk factors may not identify all risks that we face, and our operations could also be affected by factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations.
Risks Related to our Business and Industry
We have a history of annual net losses, expect future losses and cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability.
We have incurred significant net losses and negative cash flow from operations for most periods since our inception, which has resulted in a total accumulated deficit of $69,594,172 as of September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we had a net loss of $9,209,403, including a $9,193,036 loss from operations. We have not achieved profitability and cannot be certain that we will be able to realize sufficient revenue to achieve profitability. If we achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain it. Therefore, we may need to raise capital through new financings, which could include equity financing, such as additional issuances of common stock under our at the market offering program, which may be dilutive to stockholders, or debt financing, which would likely restrict our ability to borrow from other sources. In addition, securities we issue may contain rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the rights of our current stockholders. There can be no assurance that additional funds will be available on terms attractive to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to curtail or reduce our operations or forced to sell or dispose of our rights or assets. An inability to raise adequate funds on commercially reasonable terms would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition, including the possibility that a lack of funds could cause our business to fail and liquidate with little or no return to investors.
Unfavorable global economic conditions, including as a result of health and safety concerns, could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) as a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. As the spread continues throughout the United States, we have directed all of our staff to work from home effective March 16, 2020. We believe our business operations and ability to support our customers are fully functional while our employees are working from remote locations; however, their productivity and efficiency may be negatively affected, and we may face increased risk of interruptions. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is uncertainty around the duration and the total economic impact.
Our business relies heavily on people, and adverse events such as health-related concerns experienced by our employees, the inability to travel and other matters affecting the general work environment will impact our business near term. We may lose the services of a number of our employees or experience system interruptions, which could lead to diminishment of our regular business operations, inefficiencies and reputational harm. Additionally, the economic conditions caused by COVID-19 have negatively impacted the business activity of our customers, and we have observed declining demand and changes in their advertising decisions, timing and spending priorities, which will result in a negative impact to our sales. We cannot fully quantify the impact to our business operations as a result of COVID-19 at this time. Any of the foregoing could
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harm our business and we cannot anticipate all the ways in which the current global health crisis and financial market conditions could adversely impact our business.
The outbreak and attempts to slow the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in extreme volatility and disruptions in the capital and credit markets. A severe or prolonged economic downturn could result in a variety of additional risks to our business, including weakened demand from our customers and delays in client payments. Given the current conditions, we may not have the ability to raise additional capital from the financial markets if additional capital is needed to sustain us for extended periods of lost revenue. If we are unable to obtain such additional financing on a timely basis or generate sufficient revenues from operations, we may have to curtail our activities, reduce expenses, and/or sell assets, perhaps on unfavorable terms, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately we could be forced to discontinue our operations and liquidate.
Impairment of our intangible assets has resulted in significant charges that adversely impact our operating results.
We assess the potential impairment of goodwill and our finite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. In March 2020, we identified a triggering event due to the reduction in projected revenue related to COVID-19 and the continuation of a market capitalization below our carrying value and uncertainty for recovery given the volatility of the capital markets surrounding COVID-19. We performed an interim assessment of goodwill and determined that the carrying value of the Company as of March 31, 2020 exceeded the fair value. Therefore, we recorded a $4.3 million impairment of goodwill in the three months ended March 31, 2020. Future adverse changes in these or other unforeseeable factors could result in further impairment charges that would impact our results of operations and financial position in the reporting period identified.
We have not extended our monthly arrangements for flexible office space in our remote offices, nor signed a new lease for our headquarters, which could negatively impact our business.
In light of the uncertain and rapidly evolving situation relating to the spread of the COVID-19 - specifically stay-at-home orders imposed by certain states and localities - we did not enter into a new lease for our corporate headquarters in Winter Park, Florida and our Canadian headquarters in Toronto, Canada, for which both leases expired on April 30, 2020. Additionally, we have vacated and cancelled the various co-working facilities our team members used around the country as their terms expired on or prior to September 30, 2020. As a result, our management team and all of our employees will work remotely at least through the end of 2020. While our employees are accustomed to working with other remote employees and customers, our workforce has not previously been fully remote prior to March 16, 2020, when we proactively instituted a work-from-home policy in response to COVID-19 concerns. Although we continue to monitor the situation and may adjust our current plans as more information and guidance become available, not doing business in-person could negatively impact our marketing efforts, challenge our ability to enter into customer contracts in a timely manner, slow down our recruiting efforts, or create operational or other challenges as we adjust to a fully-remote workforce, any of which could harm our business. Additionally, when we determine it prudent to end our work-from-home policy, we will need to enter into a new lease for office space and/or arrangements for the use of co-working facilities. Although we believe suitable office space will be readily available when this time comes, we may encounter difficulties or delays in finalizing the terms of such lease arrangements or in obtaining rent prices at acceptable rates.
Our common stock may be delisted if we fail to regain compliance with the requirements for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, and the price of our common stock and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.
Our common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”). To maintain this listing, we must satisfy Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements, including, among other things, a minimum closing bid price requirement of $1.00 per share for continued inclusion on the Nasdaq Capital Market under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the "Bid Price Rule").
On November 12, 2020, we received a notification letter from Nasdaq informing us that for the prior 30 consecutive business days, the bid price of our common stock had closed below $1.00 per share. This notice has no immediate effect on our Nasdaq listing, and we have 180 calendar days, or until May 11, 2021, to regain compliance. The closing bid price of our common stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive business days to regain compliance. If by that time we have not regained compliance with the bid price requirement, a second 180-day compliance period may be available, provided (i) we meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable requirements for initial listing on Nasdaq (except for the bid price requirement), and (ii) we provide written notice to Nasdaq of our intention to cure this deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary.
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If we fail to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule or if we fail to meet any of the other continued listing requirements in the future, our common stock may be delisted from Nasdaq, which could reduce the liquidity of our common stock materially and result in a corresponding material reduction in the price of our common stock. In addition, delisting could harm our ability to raise capital through alternative financing sources on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and may result in the potential loss of confidence by investors, employees and business development opportunities. Such a delisting likely would impair stockholders’ and investors’ ability to sell or purchase our common stock when they wish to do so. Further, if we were to be delisted from Nasdaq, our common stock may no longer be recognized as a “covered security” and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities. Thus, delisting from Nasdaq could adversely affect our ability to raise additional financing through the public or private sale of equity securities, would significantly impact the ability of investors to trade our securities and would negatively impact the value and liquidity of our common stock.
ITEM 2 – UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Other than as previously reported in any Current Reports on Form 8-K, the Company did not sell any unregistered securities during the period covered by this report.
ITEM 3 – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4 – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5 - OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 6 – EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. | Description | |||||||
3.1 | ||||||||
3.2 | ||||||||
3.3 | ||||||||
3.4 | ||||||||
3.5 | ||||||||
3.6 | ||||||||
3.7 | ||||||||
3.8 | ||||||||
3.9 | ||||||||
3.10 | ||||||||
10.1 | * | |||||||
31.1 | * | |||||||
31.2 | * | |||||||
32.1 | * (a) | |||||||
32.2 | * (a) | |||||||
101 | * (b) | The following materials from IZEA Worldwide, Inc.'s Quarterly Report for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 are formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity, (iv) the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow, and (iv) the Unaudited Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
* Filed or furnished herewith.
(a) In accordance with Item 601of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is hereby furnished to the SEC as an accompanying document and is not deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933.
(b) In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
IZEA Worldwide, Inc. a Nevada corporation | ||||||||
November 12, 2020 | By: | /s/ Edward H. Murphy | ||||||
Edward H. Murphy Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
November 12, 2020 | By: | /s/ LeAnn C. Hitchcock | ||||||
LeAnn C. Hitchcock Interim Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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