National Vision Holdings, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2023 April (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_______________________________________________________________________
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended April 1, 2023
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-38257
_______________________________________________________________________
National Vision Holdings, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_______________________________________________________________________
| Delaware | 46-4841717 | |||||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
| 2435 Commerce Ave | ||||||||
| Building 2200 | 30096 | |||||||
Duluth, Georgia | (Zip Code) | |||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | ||||||||
(770) 822‑3600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
_______________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
| Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | EYE | Nasdaq | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | |||||||||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | ☐ | |||||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
| Class | Outstanding at April 28, 2023 | |||||||
| Common stock, $0.01 par value | 78,086,741 | |||||||
NATIONAL VISION HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Table of Contents
Page | |||||||||||
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. All statements, other than statements of historical facts included in this Form 10-Q, including statements concerning our plans, objectives, goals, beliefs, business strategies, future events, business conditions, results of operations, financial position, business outlook, business trends and other information, may be forward-looking statements.
Words such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” or “anticipates,” and variations of such words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are not historical facts or guarantees of future performance and are based upon our current expectations, beliefs, estimates and projections, and various assumptions, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. Our expectations, beliefs, and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, there can be no assurance that management’s expectations, beliefs and projections will result or be achieved and actual results may vary materially from what is expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements.
There are a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q. Such risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ include, among others, the risks, uncertainties and factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A - “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as such risk factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the SEC, which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, and also include, but are not limited to, the COVID-19 pandemic and future resurgences, and related impacts including federal, state, and local governmental actions in response thereto; customer behavior in response to the pandemic, including the impact of such behavior on in-store traffic and sales; market volatility and an overall decline in the health of the economy and other factors impacting consumer spending, including inflation and uncertainty in financial markets (including as a result of recent bank failures and events affecting financial institutions); our ability to recruit and retain vision care professionals for our stores and remote medicine offerings in general and in light of the pandemic; our ability to compete successfully; our ability to successfully open new stores and enter new markets; our ability to expand our remote medicine offerings and electronic health records capabilities; our ability to maintain the performance of our Host and Legacy brands and our current operating relationships with our Host and Legacy partners; our ability to maintain sufficient levels of cash flow from our operations to execute or sustain our growth strategy or obtain additional financing at satisfactory terms or at all; the impact of wage rate increases, inflation, cost increases and increases in raw material prices and energy prices; our growth strategy straining our existing resources and causing the performance of our existing stores to suffer; our ability to successfully and efficiently implement our marketing, advertising and promotional efforts; risks associated with leasing substantial amounts of space, including future increases in occupancy costs; the impact of certain technological advances, and the greater availability of, or increased consumer preferences for, vision correction alternatives to prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses, and future drug development for the correction of vision-related problems; our ability to retain our existing senior management team and attract qualified new personnel; our ability to manage our inventory; seasonal fluctuations in our operating results and inventory levels; risks associated with our e-commerce and omni-channel business; the loss of, or disruption in the operations of, one or more of our distribution centers and/or optical laboratories, resulting in the inability to fulfill customer orders and deliver our products in a timely manner; risk of losses arising from our investments in technological innovators in the optical retail industry; risks associated with environmental, social and governance issues, including climate change; risks associated with vendors from whom our products are sourced, including our dependence on a limited number of suppliers; our ability to develop, maintain and extend relationships with managed vision care companies, vision insurance providers and other third-party payors; our ability to effectively operate our information technology systems and prevent interruption or security breach; our reliance on third-party coverage and reimbursement, including government programs, for an increasing portion of our revenues; our ability to adhere to extensive state, local and federal vision care and healthcare laws and regulations; our compliance with managed vision care laws and regulations; our ability to adhere to changing state, local and federal privacy, data security and data protection laws and regulations; product liability, product recall or personal injury issues; our failure to comply with, or changes in, laws, regulations, enforcement activities and other requirements; the impact of any adverse litigation judgments or settlements resulting from legal proceedings relating to our business operations; our ability to adequately protect our intellectual property; our significant amount of indebtedness and our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations; a change in interest rates as well as changes in benchmark rates and uncertainty related to the foregoing; restrictions in our credit agreement
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that limits our flexibility in operating our business; potential dilution to existing stockholders upon the conversion of our convertible notes; and risks related to owning our common stock (including the timing, manner and volume of repurchases of common stock pursuant to our share repurchase program), including our ability to comply with requirements to design and implement and maintain effective internal controls.
We caution you that the risks, uncertainties and other factors referenced above may not contain all of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that are important to you. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will realize the results, benefits or developments that we expect or anticipate or, even if substantially realized, that they will result in the consequences or affect us or our business in the way expected. There can be no assurance that (i) we have correctly measured or identified all of the factors affecting our business or the extent of these factors’ likely impact, (ii) the available information with respect to these factors on which such analysis is based is complete or accurate, (iii) such analysis is correct or (iv) our strategy, which is based in part on this analysis, will be successful. All forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q apply only as of the date of this Form 10-Q or as of the date they were made and, except as required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
All references to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” in this Form 10-Q mean National Vision Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires. References to “eye care practitioners” in this Form 10-Q mean optometrists and ophthalmologists and references to “vision care professionals” mean optometrists (including optometrists employed by us or by professional corporations owned by eye care practitioners with which we have arrangements) and opticians.
Website Disclosure
We use our website www.nationalvision.com as a channel of distribution of Company information. Financial and other important information regarding the Company is routinely accessible through and posted on our website. Accordingly, investors should monitor our website, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. In addition, you may automatically receive e-mail alerts and other information about National Vision Holdings, Inc. when you enroll your e-mail address by visiting the “Email Alerts” page of the Investor Resources section of our website at www.nationalvision.com/investors. The contents of our website are not, however, a part of this Form 10-Q.
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).
National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
In Thousands, Except Par Value
(Unaudited)
| As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 246,906 | $ | 229,425 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 80,045 | 79,892 | |||||||||
| Inventories | 123,524 | 123,158 | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 36,004 | 41,361 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 486,479 | 473,836 | |||||||||
| Noncurrent assets: | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 361,868 | 359,775 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 777,613 | 777,613 | |||||||||
| Trademarks and trade names | 240,547 | 240,547 | |||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | 32,784 | 34,669 | |||||||||
| Right of use assets | 389,697 | 382,825 | |||||||||
| Other assets | 23,378 | 21,981 | |||||||||
| Total noncurrent assets | 1,825,887 | 1,817,410 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,312,366 | $ | 2,291,246 | |||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 74,624 | $ | 65,276 | |||||||
| Other payables and accrued expenses | 103,188 | 94,225 | |||||||||
| Unearned revenue | 44,328 | 41,239 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 64,359 | 62,201 | |||||||||
| Current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations | 3,240 | 4,137 | |||||||||
| Current operating lease obligations | 72,024 | 77,186 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 361,763 | 344,264 | |||||||||
| Noncurrent liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, less current portion and debt discount | 563,702 | 563,388 | |||||||||
| Noncurrent operating lease obligations | 371,687 | 358,110 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 21,852 | 21,601 | |||||||||
| Other liabilities | 9,078 | 8,900 | |||||||||
| Deferred income taxes, net | 87,558 | 93,870 | |||||||||
| Total noncurrent liabilities | 1,053,877 | 1,045,869 | |||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (See Note 9) | |||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000 shares authorized; 84,555 and 84,273 shares issued as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively; 78,085 and 78,992 shares outstanding as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively | 845 | 842 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 771,873 | 767,112 | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (991) | (1,179) | |||||||||
| Retained earnings | 338,787 | 320,517 | |||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost; 6,470 and 5,281 shares as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively | (213,788) | (186,179) | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 896,726 | 901,113 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 2,312,366 | $ | 2,291,246 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
In Thousands, Except Earnings Per Share
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
| Net product sales | $ | 464,761 | $ | 433,253 | |||||||
| Net sales of services and plans | 97,608 | 94,458 | |||||||||
| Total net revenue | 562,369 | 527,711 | |||||||||
| Costs applicable to revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): | |||||||||||
| Products | 173,102 | 164,219 | |||||||||
| Services and plans | 80,950 | 71,818 | |||||||||
| Total costs applicable to revenue | 254,052 | 236,037 | |||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 249,922 | 228,554 | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 24,813 | 25,151 | |||||||||
| Asset impairment | 387 | 406 | |||||||||
| Other expense (income), net | (117) | 231 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 275,005 | 254,342 | |||||||||
| Income from operations | 33,312 | 37,332 | |||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | 4,867 | (4,144) | |||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | 28,445 | 41,476 | |||||||||
| Income tax provision | 10,175 | 11,329 | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | $ | 30,147 | |||||||
| Earnings per share: | |||||||||||
| Basic | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.37 | |||||||
| Diluted | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.34 | |||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||
| Basic | 78,721 | 81,428 | |||||||||
| Diluted | 92,136 | 94,904 | |||||||||
| Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | $ | 30,147 | |||||||
| Unrealized gain on hedge instruments | 253 | 252 | |||||||||
| Tax provision of unrealized gain on hedge instruments | 65 | 64 | |||||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | 18,458 | $ | 30,335 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
In Thousands
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2022 | 78,992 | $ | 842 | $ | 767,112 | $ | (1,179) | $ | 320,517 | $ | (186,179) | $ | 901,113 | ||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock | 282 | 3 | 490 | — | — | — | 493 | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | — | — | 4,271 | — | — | — | 4,271 | ||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | (1,189) | — | — | — | — | (27,609) | (27,609) | ||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of 2025 Notes | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on hedge instruments, net of tax | — | — | — | 188 | — | — | 188 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | 18,270 | — | 18,270 | ||||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 1, 2023 | 78,085 | $ | 845 | $ | 771,873 | $ | (991) | $ | 338,787 | $ | (213,788) | $ | 896,726 | ||||||||||
Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at January 1, 2022 | 81,405 | $ | 838 | $ | 750,478 | $ | (1,940) | $ | 278,395 | $ | (101,791) | $ | 925,980 | ||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock | 289 | 3 | 1,366 | — | — | — | 1,369 | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | — | — | 3,692 | — | — | — | 3,692 | ||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | (272) | — | — | — | — | (10,649) | (10,649) | ||||||||||||||||
| Settlement of 2025 Notes | — | — | (1) | — | — | — | (1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on hedge instruments, net of tax | — | — | — | 188 | — | — | 188 | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | 30,147 | — | 30,147 | ||||||||||||||||
| Balances at April 2, 2022 | 81,422 | $ | 841 | $ | 755,535 | $ | (1,752) | $ | 308,542 | $ | (112,440) | $ | 950,726 | ||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
In Thousands
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | $ | 30,147 | |||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 24,813 | 25,151 | |||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing costs | 792 | 770 | |||||||||
| Asset impairment | 387 | 406 | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax expense (benefit) | (6,377) | 8,410 | |||||||||
| Stock based compensation expense | 4,315 | 3,734 | |||||||||
| Losses (gains) on change in fair value of derivatives | 776 | (9,727) | |||||||||
| Inventory adjustments | 944 | 838 | |||||||||
| Other | 799 | 1,227 | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | (416) | (6,620) | |||||||||
| Inventories | (1,310) | (4,570) | |||||||||
| Operating lease right of use assets and lease liabilities | 1,103 | 365 | |||||||||
| Other assets | 3,585 | 1,875 | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | 9,348 | 5,083 | |||||||||
| Deferred and unearned revenue | 5,498 | 13,814 | |||||||||
| Other liabilities | 11,537 | (23,786) | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 74,064 | 47,117 | |||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | (27,721) | (28,097) | |||||||||
| Other | 106 | 20 | |||||||||
| Net cash used for investing activities | (27,615) | (28,077) | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Repayments on long-term debt | — | (3) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 493 | 1,820 | |||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | (27,609) | (10,649) | |||||||||
| Payments on finance lease obligations | (1,546) | (1,109) | |||||||||
| Net cash used for financing activities | (28,662) | (9,941) | |||||||||
| Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 17,787 | 9,099 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year | 230,624 | 306,876 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 248,411 | $ | 315,975 | |||||||
| Supplemental cash flow disclosure information: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 459 | $ | 2,322 | |||||||
| Cash paid (received) for taxes | $ | 106 | $ | (127) | |||||||
| Capital expenditures accrued at the end of the period | $ | 7,634 | $ | 10,129 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Index to Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
| Page | |||||
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National Vision Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Nature of Operations
National Vision Holdings, Inc. (“NVHI,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) is a holding company whose operating subsidiaries include its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, National Vision, Inc. (“NVI”) and NVI’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. We are a leading value retailer of eyeglasses and contact lenses in the United States. We operated 1,357 and 1,354 retail optical locations in the United States and its territories as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, through our five store brands, including America’s Best Contacts and Eyeglasses (“America’s Best”), Eyeglass World, Vista Optical locations on select U.S. Army/Air Force military bases (“Military”) and within select Fred Meyer stores, and our management & services arrangement with Walmart (“Legacy”).
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
We prepare our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and, therefore, do not include all information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2022 has been derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet for the fiscal year then ended. These condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the Company’s consolidated results of the interim period.
Certain information and disclosures normally included in our annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted; however, we believe that the disclosures included herein are sufficient for a fair presentation of the information presented. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 included in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company’s significant accounting policies are set forth in Note 1 within those consolidated financial statements. We use the same accounting policies in preparing interim condensed consolidated financial information and annual consolidated financial statements. There were no changes to our significant accounting policies during the three months ended April 1, 2023.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts within the footnotes to the financial statements for fiscal year 2022 have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal year 2023 presentation.
The Company has consolidated certain entities meeting the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) as the Company concluded that it is the primary beneficiary of the entities under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 810, Consolidation. At April 1, 2023, the variable interest entities include 32 professional corporations. The total assets of the consolidated VIEs included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, were $4.0 million and $7.9 million, respectively, and the total liabilities of the consolidated VIEs were $4.6 million and $8.3 million, respectively.
Fiscal Year
Our fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Fiscal year 2023 contains 52 weeks and will end on December 30, 2023. All three month periods presented herein contain 13 weeks. All references to years and quarters relate to fiscal periods rather than calendar periods.
Seasonality
The consolidated results of operations for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year due to seasonality and uncertainty of general economic conditions that may impact our key end markets. Historically, our business has realized a higher portion of net revenue, income from operations, and cash flows from operations in the first half of the year, and a lower portion of net revenue, income from operations, and cash flows from operations in the fourth fiscal quarter. The first half seasonality is attributable primarily to the timing of our customers’ personal income tax refunds and annual health insurance program start/reset periods. Seasonality related to fourth quarter holiday spending by retail customers generally does not impact our business. Our quarterly consolidated results generally may also be affected by the timing of new store openings, store closings, and certain holidays.
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Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended April 1, 2023 was 35.8%, reflecting our statutory federal and state rate of 25.4%, tax impacts of consolidated VIEs, reduced deductibility of meals and entertainment expenses and effects of other permanent items.
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended April 2, 2022 was 27.3%, reflecting our statutory federal and state rate of 25.5% and effects of other permanent items.
Share Repurchases
During the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, the Company repurchased 1.1 million shares of its common stock for $25.0 million, and 0.2 million shares of its common stock for $7.1 million, respectively, under the share repurchase program. As of April 1, 2023, $25.0 million remains available under the share repurchase authorization.
In August 2022, the U.S. government enacted the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) which, among other things, provides for a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax based on a prescribed measure of income as well as a 1% excise tax on stock repurchases.
Future Adoption of Accounting Pronouncements
Reference Rate Reform. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has issued guidance at various points over the last several years that provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that may be affected by the cessation of the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR.”) We are currently able to apply this new guidance for contract modifications as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2024. A portion of our debt is subject to interest payments that are indexed to LIBOR; additionally, we are party to an interest rate derivative based on LIBOR. We are currently evaluating the effect of this guidance and have not applied the provisions of this guidance during the current fiscal year. Our credit agreement contains methodologies for replacing LIBOR with an alternative reference rate; our interest rate derivative does not contain replacement provisions, but we expect an orderly transition of our derivative’s reference rate. We currently do not anticipate material effects on our operating results, financial position or cash flows as a result of adopting the new guidance. Nevertheless, it is possible that the adoption of this guidance will have a material adverse effect on any or all of our operating results, financial position or cash flows.
The FASB issued other accounting guidance during the period that is not currently applicable or expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, and therefore, is not described above.
2. Details of Certain Balance Sheet Accounts
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance sheets to the total of Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 246,906 | $ | 314,642 | |||||||
| Restricted cash included in other assets | 1,505 | 1,333 | |||||||||
| $ | 248,411 | $ | 315,975 | ||||||||
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The following tables provide additional details of certain balance sheet accounts as of the dates shown below:
| In thousands | As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net: | |||||||||||
| Trade receivables | $ | 44,017 | $ | 41,622 | |||||||
| Credit card receivables | 20,304 | 23,311 | |||||||||
Other receivables (1) | 16,202 | 15,478 | |||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | (478) | (519) | |||||||||
| $ | 80,045 | $ | 79,892 | ||||||||
(1) Includes Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act receivable in the amount of $9.0 million as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022. | |||||||||||
| In thousands | As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Inventories: | |||||||||||
Raw materials and work in process (1) | $ | 61,973 | $ | 64,786 | |||||||
| Finished goods | 61,551 | 58,372 | |||||||||
| $ | 123,524 | $ | 123,158 | ||||||||
(1)Due to the immaterial amount of estimated work in process and the short lead times for the conversion of raw materials to finished goods, the Company does not separately present raw materials and work in process. | |||||||||||
| In thousands | As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Other payables and accrued expenses: | |||||||||||
| Associate compensation and benefits | $ | 35,145 | $ | 37,451 | |||||||
| Self-insurance liabilities | 9,178 | 8,744 | |||||||||
| Capital expenditures | 7,634 | 9,594 | |||||||||
| Advertising | 993 | 3,811 | |||||||||
| Reserves for customer returns and remakes | 8,715 | 7,676 | |||||||||
| Legacy management & services agreement | 4,716 | 6,488 | |||||||||
Income taxes payable (1) | 12,615 | 103 | |||||||||
| Supplies and other store support expenses | 3,608 | 4,215 | |||||||||
| Other | 20,584 | 16,143 | |||||||||
| $ | 103,188 | $ | 94,225 | ||||||||
(1) Income tax receivables of $4.6 million were included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of December 31, 2022.
| In thousands | As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Self-insurance liabilities | $ | 6,579 | $ | 6,292 | |||||||
| Other | 2,499 | 2,608 | |||||||||
| $ | 9,078 | $ | 8,900 | ||||||||
3. Fair Value Measurement
Recurring fair value measurements.
Interest Rate Derivatives
We recognize as assets or liabilities at fair value the estimated amounts we would receive or pay upon a termination of interest rate derivatives prior to their scheduled expiration dates. The fair value is based on information that is model-driven and whose inputs were observable (Level 2 inputs) such as LIBOR forward rates. See Note 5. “Interest Rate Derivatives” for further details.
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Non-recurring fair value measurements
Tangible Long-lived and Right of Use (“ROU”) Store Assets
We recognized impairments of $0.4 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023, and $0.4 million during the three months ended April 2, 2022, related to our long-lived tangible store assets and ROU assets. The impairments were primarily driven by lower than projected customer sales volume in certain stores. The cash flows used in estimating fair value were discounted using a market rate of 10.8%. A decrease in the estimated cash flows would lead to a lower fair value measurement, as would an increase in the discount rate. These non-recurring fair value measurements are classified as Level 3 measurements in the fair value hierarchy. The estimated remaining fair value of the assets impaired during the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 was $0.3 million and $2.0 million, respectively. Substantially all of the remaining fair value of the impaired store assets represents the fair value of ROU assets.
Additional fair value information
Long-term Debt - 2025 Notes
The Company has $402.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.50% convertible senior notes due on May 15, 2025 (the “2025 Notes”) issued and outstanding as of April 1, 2023. Refer to Note 4. “Long-term Debt” for more information on the 2025 Notes. The estimated fair value of the 2025 Notes was approximately $386.2 million and $553.9 million as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The estimated fair value of the 2025 Notes is based on the prices the 2025 Notes have traded in the market, as well as overall market conditions on the date of valuation, stated coupon rates, the number of coupon payments each year and the maturity dates, and represents a Level 2 measurement in the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note 4. “Long-term Debt” for more information on the 2025 Notes.
4. Long-term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
| In thousands | As of April 1, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| 2025 Notes, due May 15, 2025 | $ | 402,497 | $ | 402,497 | |||||||
| Term loan, due July 18, 2024 | 150,000 | 150,000 | |||||||||
| Revolving credit facility, due July 18, 2024 | — | — | |||||||||
| Long-term debt before debt discount | 552,497 | 552,497 | |||||||||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs - 2025 Notes | (5,158) | (5,696) | |||||||||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs - term loan | (477) | (570) | |||||||||
| Long-term debt less debt discount | 546,862 | 546,231 | |||||||||
| Less current maturities | — | — | |||||||||
| Long-term debt - noncurrent portion | 546,862 | 546,231 | |||||||||
| Finance lease obligations | 20,080 | 21,294 | |||||||||
| Less current maturities | (3,240) | (4,137) | |||||||||
| Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, less current portion and debt discount | $ | 563,702 | $ | 563,388 | |||||||
Credit Agreement
We were in compliance with all covenants related to our long-term debt as of April 1, 2023.
2025 Notes
We recognized the following in interest expense (income), net related to the 2025 Notes:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Contractual interest expense | $ | 2,516 | $ | 2,516 | |||||||
| Amortization of issuance costs | $ | 538 | $ | 521 | |||||||
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As of April 1, 2023, the remaining period for the unamortized debt issuance costs balance was approximately two years. An immaterial amount of the principal balance of the 2025 Notes was converted during the three months ended April 2, 2022.
As of April 1, 2023, the stock price conditions under which the 2025 Notes can be converted at the holders’ option were not met.
5. Interest Rate Derivatives
We are party to an interest rate collar to offset the variability of cash flows in LIBOR-indexed debt interest payments. To manage credit risk associated with our interest rate hedging program, we select as counterparties major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings. The aggregate notional amount of the interest rate collar, which is not designated as a cash flow hedge, was $325.0 million as of April 1, 2023. The fair value of our interest rate collar instrument was an asset of $11.2 million ($9.3 million in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and $1.9 million in Other assets) as of April 1, 2023, and an asset of $14.1 million ($10.0 million in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and $4.1 million in Other assets) as of December 31, 2022. See Note 3. “Fair Value Measurement” for further details.
We recognized (gains) losses on the change in fair value of the interest rate collar of $0.5 million and $(9.0) million during the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively, in , net.
Cash flows related to derivatives qualifying as hedges are included in the same section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. Cash flows during the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 related to derivatives not qualifying as hedges were included in the operating section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and were immaterial.
Changes in the fair value of the Company’s cash flow hedge derivative instruments from their inception are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) if the instruments are deemed to be highly effective as cash flow hedges. As of April 1, 2023, we expect to reclassify approximately $0.8 million of unrealized losses on derivative instruments, net of tax, from AOCL into earnings in the next 12 months as the derivative instruments mature.
6. Stock Incentive Plans
During the three months ended April 1, 2023, the Company granted 440,990 performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) and 618,745 time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to eligible employees under the National Vision Holdings, Inc. 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan”). The PSUs granted in fiscal 2023 are settled after the end of the performance period (i.e., cliff vesting), which begins on the first day of our 2023 fiscal year and ends on the last day of our 2025 fiscal year, and are based on the Company’s achievement of certain performance targets. The RSUs granted in fiscal 2023 vest in three equal installments.
7. Revenue From Contracts With Customers
The majority of our revenues are recognized either at the point of sale or upon delivery and customer acceptance, paid for at the time of sale in cash, credit card, or on account with managed care payors having terms generally between 14 and 120 days, with most paying within 90 days. For sales of in-store non-prescription eyewear and related accessories, and paid eye exams, we recognize revenue at the point of sale. Our point in time revenues include 1) retail sales of prescription and non-prescription eyewear, contact lenses and related accessories to retail customers (including those covered by managed care), 2) eye exams and 3) wholesale sales of inventory in which our customer is another retail entity. Revenues recognized over time primarily include product protection plans (i.e. warranties), eye care club memberships and management fees earned from our Legacy partner.
The following disaggregation of revenues depicts our revenue based on the timing of revenue recognition:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Revenues recognized at a point in time | $ | 522,938 | $ | 485,085 | |||||||
| Revenues recognized over time | 39,431 | 42,626 | |||||||||
| Total net revenue | $ | 562,369 | $ | 527,711 | |||||||
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Refer to Note 10. “Segment Reporting” for the Company’s disaggregation of net revenue by reportable segment. As the reportable segments are aligned by similar economic factors, trends and customers, the reportable segment disaggregation view best depicts how the nature, amount and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
We record reductions in revenue for estimated price concessions granted to managed care providers. The Company considers its revenue from managed care customers to include variable consideration and estimates such amounts associated with managed care customer revenues using the history of concessions provided and cash receipts from managed care providers; we reduced our net revenue for variable consideration of $4.2 million and $2.7 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively.
Accounts Receivable
Credit loss expense recognized on our receivables, which is presented in SG&A expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, was $0.2 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 as compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022.
Unsatisfied Performance Obligations (Contract Liabilities)
During the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, we recognized $22.6 million and $24.6 million, respectively, of deferred revenues outstanding at the beginning of each respective period.
Our deferred revenue balance as of April 1, 2023 was $86.2 million. We expect future revenue recognition of this balance of $55.3 million, $22.5 million, $7.9 million and $0.5 million in fiscal years 2023, 2024, 2025 and thereafter, respectively.
8. Leases
Our lease costs for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Operating lease cost | |||||||||||
Fixed lease cost (a) | $ | 23,908 | $ | 21,949 | |||||||
Variable lease cost (b) | 8,971 | 8,098 | |||||||||
Sublease income (c) | (941) | (875) | |||||||||
| Finance lease cost | |||||||||||
| Amortization of finance lease assets | 857 | 1,081 | |||||||||
| Interest on finance lease liabilities | 449 | 647 | |||||||||
| Net lease cost | $ | 33,244 | $ | 30,900 | |||||||
(a) Includes short-term leases, which are immaterial. | |||||||||||
(b) Includes costs for insurance, real estate taxes and common area maintenance expenses, which are variable as well as lease costs above minimum thresholds for Fred Meyer stores and lease costs for Military stores. | |||||||||||
(c) Income from sub-leasing of stores includes rental income from leasing space to independent optometrists. | |||||||||||
| In thousands | Three Months Ended | ||||||||||
| Other Information | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Operating cash outflows - operating leases | $ | 33,997 | $ | 23,409 | |||||||
| Right of use assets acquired under operating leases | $ | 28,643 | $ | 27,461 | |||||||
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings incidental to its business. Because of the nature and inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of these
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actions and, should the outcome of these actions be unfavorable, the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
The Company reviews the status of its legal proceedings and records a provision for a liability when it is considered probable that both a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. This review is updated periodically as additional information becomes available. If either or both of the criteria are not met, we reassess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional losses, may be incurred. If there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred, we disclose the estimate of the amount of the loss or range of losses, or that an estimate of loss cannot be made. The Company expenses its legal fees as incurred.
We are currently and may in the future become subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the ordinary course of our business.
On September 23, 2022, we were served with notice of a lawsuit filed by a former employee in California state court alleging, on behalf of a proposed class of employees, several violations of California wage and hour laws. On December 9, 2022, the case was removed to the federal District Court for the Northern District of California. On January 18, 2023, we were served with a related representative action filed in California state court pursuant to California’s Private Attorneys General Act. We filed an answer to this action on February 17, 2023. We believe that the claims in these lawsuits are without merit and intend to oppose the certification of a class and to defend the litigation vigorously.
On January 27, 2023, a purported class action complaint was filed in federal court in the Northern District of Georgia against the Company and two of the Company’s officers. The complaint alleges violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 for materially false and misleading statements made between May 2021 and May 2022. The complaint seeks unspecified damages as well as equitable relief. On March 28, 2023, the original plaintiff, City of Southfield General Employees Retirement System, and a new plaintiff, International Union of Operating Engineers, Local No. 793, Members Pension Benefit Trust of Ontario, filed a lead plaintiff motion, seeking to be appointed co-lead plaintiffs. On April 3, 2023, the Company along with its named officers filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. We believe that the claims alleged are without merit and intend to defend the litigation vigorously.
10. Segment Reporting
The Company provides its principal products and services through two reportable segments: Owned & Host and Legacy. The “Corporate/Other” category includes the results of operations of our other operating segments, AC Lens and FirstSight, as well as corporate overhead support. The “Reconciliations” category represents other adjustments to reportable segment results necessary for the presentation of consolidated financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP for the two reportable segments.
Our reportable segment profit measure is earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) or net revenue, less costs applicable to revenue, less SG&A expenses. Depreciation and amortization, asset impairment, and other corporate costs that are not allocated to the reportable segments, including interest expense (income) are excluded from segment EBITDA. There are no revenue transactions between our reportable segments. There are no differences between the measurement of our reportable segments’ assets and consolidated assets. There have been no changes from prior periods in the measurement methods used to determine reportable segment profit or loss, and there have been no asymmetrical allocations to segments.
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The following is a summary of certain financial data for each of our segments. Reportable segment information is presented on the same basis as our consolidated financial statements, except for net revenue and associated costs applicable to revenue, which are presented on a cash basis, including point of sales for managed care payors and excluding the effects of unearned and deferred revenue, consistent with what the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) regularly reviews.
Asset information is not included in the following summary since the CODM does not regularly review such information for the reportable segments.
| Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In thousands | Owned & Host | Legacy | Corporate/Other | Reconciliations | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product sales | $ | 374,836 | $ | 28,351 | $ | 64,841 | $ | (3,267) | $ | 464,761 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales of services and plans | 87,070 | 12,925 | 24 | (2,411) | 97,608 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 461,906 | 41,276 | 64,865 | (5,678) | 562,369 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs of products | 105,356 | 12,688 | 55,728 | (670) | 173,102 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs of services and plans | 75,053 | 5,875 | 22 | — | 80,950 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs applicable to revenue | 180,409 | 18,563 | 55,750 | (670) | 254,052 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SG&A | 167,845 | 14,772 | 67,305 | — | 249,922 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairment | — | — | 387 | — | 387 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense (income), net | — | — | (117) | — | (117) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 113,652 | $ | 7,941 | $ | (58,460) | $ | (5,008) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 24,813 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | 4,867 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 28,445 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In thousands | Owned & Host | Legacy | Corporate/Other | Reconciliations | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net product sales | $ | 357,904 | $ | 27,630 | $ | 61,697 | $ | (13,978) | $ | 433,253 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales of services and plans | 80,015 | 14,528 | — | (85) | 94,458 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenue | 437,919 | 42,158 | 61,697 | (14,063) | 527,711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs of products | 101,040 | 12,907 | 53,465 | (3,193) | 164,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs of services and plans | 65,601 | 6,217 | — | — | 71,818 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs applicable to revenue | 166,641 | 19,124 | 53,465 | (3,193) | 236,037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SG&A | 157,461 | 15,106 | 55,987 | — | 228,554 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset impairment | — | — | 406 | — | 406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense (income), net | — | — | 231 | — | 231 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | 113,817 | $ | 7,928 | $ | (48,392) | $ | (10,870) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 25,151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | (4,144) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | $ | 41,476 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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11. Earnings Per Share
Diluted EPS related to the 2025 Notes is calculated using the if-converted method; the number of dilutive shares is based on the initial conversion rate associated with the 2025 Notes. The 2025 Notes were dilutive for the three months ended April 1, 2023. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations is as follows:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands, except EPS | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | $ | 30,147 | |||||||
| After-tax interest expense for 2025 Notes | 2,359 | 2,345 | |||||||||
| Numerator for diluted EPS | $ | 20,629 | $ | 32,492 | |||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS | 78,721 | 81,428 | |||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||
| Stock options | 148 | 229 | |||||||||
| Restricted stock units | 356 | 336 | |||||||||
| 2025 Notes | 12,911 | 12,911 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS | 92,136 | 94,904 | |||||||||
| Basic EPS | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.37 | |||||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.34 | |||||||
| Anti-dilutive securities excluded from diluted weighted average common shares | 525 | 214 | |||||||||
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following contains management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and should be read together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) and the audited consolidated financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 1, 2023 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.”) This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in the “Risk Factors” section of the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as such risk factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the SEC. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. You should carefully read “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Form 10-Q.
Overview
We are one of the largest optical retailers in the United States and a leader in the attractive value segment of the U.S. optical retail industry. We believe that vision is central to quality of life and that people deserve to see their best to live their best, regardless of their budget. We achieve this by providing eye exams, eyeglasses and contact lenses to value seeking and lower income consumers with an opening price point that strives to be among the lowest in the industry, enabled by our low-cost operating platform. We reach our customers through a diverse portfolio of 1,357 retail stores across five brands and 16 consumer websites as of April 1, 2023.
Brand and Segment Information
Our operations consist of two reportable segments:
•Owned & Host - As of April 1, 2023, our owned brands consisted of 905 America’s Best Contacts and Eyeglasses retail stores and 140 Eyeglass World retail stores. Our Host brands consisted of 54 Vista Optical locations on select military bases and 29 Vista Optical locations within select Fred Meyer stores as of April 1, 2023. All brands utilize our centralized laboratories. This segment also includes sales from our America’s Best, Eyeglass World, and Military omni-channel websites.
•Legacy - We manage the operations of, and supply inventory and laboratory processing services to, 229 Vision Centers in Walmart retail locations as of April 1, 2023. This strategic relationship with Walmart is in its 33rd year. Pursuant to a January 2020 amendment to our management & services agreement with Walmart, we added five additional Vision Centers in Walmart stores in fiscal year 2020. Our current management & services agreement with Walmart expires on February 23, 2024, and will automatically renew for a three-year period unless, no later than July 2023, either party gives written notice of non-renewal. During the three months ended April 1, 2023, sales associated with this arrangement represented 7.3% of consolidated net revenue. This exposes us to concentration of customer risk.
Our consolidated results also include the following activity recorded in our Corporate/Other category:
•Our e-commerce platform of 12 dedicated websites managed by AC Lens. Our e-commerce business consists of five proprietary branded websites, including aclens.com, discountglasses.com and discountcontactlenses.com, and seven third-party websites with established retailers, such as Walmart, Sam’s Club and Giant Eagle as well as mid-sized vision insurance providers.
•Wholesale contact lenses distribution to Walmart and Sam’s Club by AC Lens, which represented 6.6% of consolidated net revenue for the three months ended April 1, 2023.
•Managed care business conducted by FirstSight, our wholly-owned subsidiary that is licensed as a single-service health plan under California law.
•Unallocated corporate overhead expenses.
Reportable segment information is presented on the same basis as our condensed consolidated financial statements, except reportable segment sales which are presented on a cash basis, including point of sales for managed care payors and excluding the effects of unearned and deferred revenue, consistent with what our CODM regularly reviews. Reconciliations of segment results to consolidated results include financial information necessary to adjust reportable segment revenues to a consolidated basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP, specifically the change in unearned and deferred revenues during the period. There are no revenue transactions between reportable segments,
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and there are no other items in the reconciliations other than the effects of unearned and deferred revenue. See Note 10. “Segment Reporting” in our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Form 10-Q.
Deferred revenue represents the timing difference of when we collect the cash from the customer and when services related to product protection plans and eye care club memberships are performed. Increases or decreases in deferred revenue during the reporting period represent cash collections in excess of, or below the recognition of, previous deferrals. Unearned revenue represents the timing difference of when we collect cash from the customer and delivery/customer acceptance, and includes sales of prescription eyewear during approximately the last seven to 10 days of the reporting period.
Trends and Other Factors Affecting Our Business
We have remained focused on our long-term growth initiatives despite the ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty. Our core growth initiatives include, but are not limited to, continuing with the expansion of our remote medicine capabilities; maintaining and improving our optometric retention levels; increasing our marketing efficiency and omnichannel capabilities; increasing our participation in vision insurance programs; the further digitization of our stores and corporate office; continuing to position ourselves to capture whitespace opportunity for our stores; and incorporating our corporate sustainability strategy into our operations.
We are focused on the following key drivers, challenges and risks.
Inflation
Rising inflation can result in increased costs and greater profitability pressure for us. We anticipate that pressures from increases to our raw materials prices could have an impact on our costs applicable to revenue in fiscal year 2023. Wage investments as a result of inflation and an increasingly competitive recruiting market for vision care professionals due to the pandemic and related effects have had, and may continue to have, an impact on our profitability. Targeted wage investments, including increases in compensation for optometrists and associates, as well as flexibility initiatives, impacted costs applicable to revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 and we anticipate that wage pressures in certain markets will continue in 2023. Wage investment pressure and increases in raw materials prices in fiscal year 2023 may not be able to be fully offset by leverage from revenue growth, productivity efficiency and, as appropriate, various pricing actions.
Vision care professional recruitment, coverage, and expanded offerings
Our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified vision care professionals may affect exam capacity. Our operations, like those of many of our competitors, depend on our ability to offer both eyewear and eye exams. We believe the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on vision care professional availability, including a competitive recruiting market and preferences for adjusted work schedules, and the demand for optometrists exceeding supply in certain areas during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 have caused constraints in exam capacity which are continuing. Due to these factors the costs to employ or retain optometrists have increased and may increase further, potentially materially. We are continuing to strategically invest in recruitment and retention initiatives, including flexible adjusted work schedules, along with continuing our implementation of remote medicine technologies, which has expanded our offerings while also increasing costs. We anticipate continuing our investment in our remote medicine capabilities primarily in America’s Best stores in the near term, including enhancements in the efficiency of our remote medicine platform, which could lead to increased costs as we train our personnel to efficiently use these new technologies.
Comparable store sales growth
Our comparable store sales growth in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 was aided by our participation in managed care programs. Such participation continues to represent an increasingly significant portion of our overall revenues as the challenging economic environment continues to impact our core non-managed care customer base business.
Interim results and seasonality
Historically, our business has realized a higher portion of net revenue, income from operations, and cash flows from operations in the first half of the fiscal year, and a lower portion of net revenue, income from operations, and cash flows from operations in the fourth fiscal quarter. The seasonally larger first half of the fiscal year is attributable primarily to the timing of our customers’ income tax refunds and annual health insurance program start/reset periods. Because our target market consists of value seeking and lower income consumers, a delay in the issuance of tax refunds or changes in the amount of tax refunds can have a negative impact on our financial results. Consumers could also alter how they utilize tax refund proceeds. If average tax refunds are lower in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022 our revenue may be adversely affected.
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Pricing strategy
We are committed to providing our products to our customers at low prices. We generally employ a simple low price/high value strategy that consistently delivers savings to our customers without the need for extensive promotions. Inflationary pressures, including wage investments, consumer confidence and preferences and increased raw material costs could impact our profitability and lead us to attempt to offset such increases through various pricing actions.
How We Assess the Performance of Our Business
We consider a variety of financial and operating measures in assessing the performance of our business. The key measures we use to determine how our consolidated business and operating segments are performing are net revenue, costs applicable to revenue, and selling, general, and administrative expenses. In addition, we also review store growth, Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS.
Net Revenue
We report as net revenue amounts generated in transactions with retail customers who are the end users of our products, services and plans. Comparable store sales growth and new store openings are key drivers of net revenue and are discussed below. Also, the timing of unearned revenue can affect revenue recognized in a particular period.
Costs Applicable to Revenue
Customer tastes and preferences, product mix, changes in technology, significant increases or slowdowns in production, and other factors impact costs applicable to revenue. The components of our costs applicable to revenue may not be comparable to other retailers.
Selling, General and Administrative
SG&A generally fluctuates consistently with revenue due to the variable store, field office and corporate support costs; however, some fixed costs slightly improve as a percentage of net revenue as our net revenues grow over time.
New Store Openings
The total number of new stores per year and the timing of store openings has, and will continue to have, an impact on our results. We expect to open 65 to 70 stores in the current year. We will continue to monitor and determine our plans for future new store openings based on health, safety and economic conditions.
Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth
We measure Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth as the increase or decrease in sales recorded by the comparable store base in any reporting period, compared to sales recorded by the comparable store base in the prior reporting period, which we calculate as follows: (i) sales are recorded on a cash basis (i.e., when the order is placed and paid for or submitted to a managed care payor, compared to when the order is delivered), utilizing cash basis point of sale information from stores; (ii) stores are added to the calculation during the 13th full fiscal month following the store’s opening; (iii) closed stores are removed from the calculation for time periods that are not comparable; (iv) sales from partial months of operation are excluded when stores do not open or close on the first day of the month; and (v) when applicable, we adjust for the effect of the 53rd week. Quarterly, year-to-date and annual adjusted comparable store sales are aggregated using only sales from all whole months of operation included in both the current reporting period and the prior reporting period. When a partial month is excluded from the calculation, the corresponding month in the subsequent period is also excluded from the calculation. There may be variations in the way in which some of our competitors and other retailers calculate comparable store sales. As a result, our adjusted comparable store sales may not be comparable to similar data made available by other retailers.
Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth is a non-GAAP financial measure, which we believe is useful because it provides timely and accurate information relating to the two core metrics of retail sales: number of transactions and value of transactions. We use Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth as the basis for key operating decisions, such as allocation of advertising to particular markets and implementation of special marketing programs. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth provides timely and accurate information relating to the operational health and overall performance of each brand. We also believe that, for the same reasons, investors find our calculation of Adjusted Comparable Stores Sales Growth to be meaningful.
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Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS (collectively, the “Company Non-GAAP Measures”)
The Company Non-GAAP Measures are key measures used by management to assess our financial performance. The Company Non-GAAP Measures are also frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties. We use the Company Non-GAAP Measures to supplement U.S. GAAP measures of performance to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, to make budgeting decisions, to establish discretionary annual incentive compensation and to compare our performance against that of other peer companies using similar measures. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for definitions of the Company Non-GAAP Measures and for additional information.
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Results of Operations
The following table summarizes key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of our net revenue.
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands, except earnings per share, percentage and store data | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
| Net product sales | $ | 464,761 | $ | 433,253 | |||||||
| Net sales of services and plans | 97,608 | 94,458 | |||||||||
| Total net revenue | 562,369 | 527,711 | |||||||||
| Costs applicable to revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization): | |||||||||||
| Products | 173,102 | 164,219 | |||||||||
| Services and plans | 80,950 | 71,818 | |||||||||
| Total costs applicable to revenue | 254,052 | 236,037 | |||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 249,922 | 228,554 | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 24,813 | 25,151 | |||||||||
| Asset impairment | 387 | 406 | |||||||||
| Other expense (income), net | (117) | 231 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 275,005 | 254,342 | |||||||||
| Income from operations | 33,312 | 37,332 | |||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | 4,867 | (4,144) | |||||||||
| Earnings before income taxes | 28,445 | 41,476 | |||||||||
| Income tax provision | 10,175 | 11,329 | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | $ | 30,147 | |||||||
| Supplemental operating data: | |||||||||||
| Number of stores open at end of period | 1,357 | 1,292 | |||||||||
| New stores opened during the period | 8 | 17 | |||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | $ | 39,873 | $ | 45,304 | |||||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.34 | |||||||
| Adjusted Diluted EPS | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.33 | |||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 62,814 | $ | 68,583 | |||||||
| Percentage of net revenue: | |||||||||||
| Total costs applicable to revenue | 45.2 | % | 44.7 | % | |||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 44.4 | % | 43.3 | % | |||||||
| Total operating expenses | 48.9 | % | 48.2 | % | |||||||
| Income from operations | 5.9 | % | 7.1 | % | |||||||
| Net income | 3.2 | % | 5.7 | % | |||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | 7.1 | % | 8.6 | % | |||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | 11.2 | % | 13.0 | % | |||||||
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Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 compared to Three Months Ended April 2, 2022
Net revenue
The following presents, by segment and by brand, comparable store sales growth, stores open at the end of the period and net revenue for the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022.
Comparable store sales growth(1) | Stores open at end of period | Net revenue(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In thousands, except percentage and store data | Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 | Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 | Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owned & Host segment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| America’s Best | 1.7 | % | (7.3) | % | 905 | 852 | $ | 391,798 | 69.7 | % | $ | 370,038 | 70.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eyeglass World | (1.3) | % | (6.3) | % | 140 | 127 | 61,116 | 10.9 | % | 58,774 | 11.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Military | 3.2 | % | (4.1) | % | 54 | 54 | 6,171 | 1.1 | % | 5,985 | 1.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fred Meyer | (9.5) | % | 1.4 | % | 29 | 29 | 2,821 | 0.5 | % | 3,122 | 0.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owned & Host segment total | 1,128 | 1,062 | $ | 461,906 | 82.1 | % | $ | 437,919 | 83.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legacy segment | (3.2) | % | (4.3) | % | 229 | 230 | 41,276 | 7.3 | % | 42,158 | 8.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate/Other | — | — | — | — | 64,865 | 11.6 | % | 61,697 | 11.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliations | — | — | — | — | (5,678) | (1.0) | % | (14,063) | (2.7) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 3.0 | % | (4.9) | % | 1,357 | 1,292 | $ | 562,369 | 100.0 | % | $ | 527,711 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth(3) | 0.8 | % | (6.8) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)We calculate total comparable store sales based on consolidated net revenue excluding the impact of (i) Corporate/Other segment net revenue, (ii) sales from stores opened less than 13 months, (iii) stores closed in the periods presented, (iv) sales from partial months of operation when stores do not open or close on the first day of the month and (v) if applicable, the impact of a 53rd week in a fiscal year. Brand-level comparable store sales growth is calculated based on cash basis revenues consistent with what the CODM reviews, and consistent with reportable segment revenues presented in Note 10. “Segment Reporting” in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Form 10-Q, with the exception of the Legacy segment, which is adjusted as noted in clause (ii) of footnote (3) below.
(2)Percentages reflect line item as a percentage of net revenue, adjusted for rounding.
(3)There are two differences between total comparable store sales growth based on consolidated net revenue and Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth: (i) Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth includes the effect of deferred and unearned revenue as if such revenues were earned at the point of sale, resulting in a decrease of 2.0% and a decrease of 1.8% from total comparable store sales growth based on consolidated net revenue for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively, and (ii) Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth includes retail sales to the Legacy partner’s customers (rather than the revenues recognized consistent with the management & services agreement with the Legacy partner), resulting in a decrease of 0.2% and a decrease of 0.1% from total comparable store sales growth based on consolidated net revenue for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively.
Total net revenue of $562.4 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $34.7 million, or 6.6%, from $527.7 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022. The increase was driven by approximately 55% growth from new store sales, 25% by recognition of unearned and deferred revenue, 10% by Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth, and 10% by our AC Lens business.
In the three months ended April 1, 2023, we opened four new America’s Best stores and four Eyeglass World stores, and closed four America’s Best stores and one Legacy store as a result of our Legacy partner’s decision to cease its overall operations at the location. Overall, store count grew 5.0% from April 2, 2022 to April 1, 2023 (53 and 13 net new America’s Best and Eyeglass World stores were added, respectively).
Comparable store sales growth and Adjusted Comparable Store Sales Growth for the three months ended April 1, 2023 were 3.0% and 0.8%, respectively, primarily due to higher average ticket and an increase in customer transactions.
Net product sales comprised 82.6% and 82.1% of total net revenue for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively. Net product sales increased $31.5 million, or 7.3%, in the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to a $25.1 million, or 8.5%, increase in eyeglass sales and a $4.2 million, or 4.3%, increase in contact lens sales and a $2.0 million, or 5.8%, increase in wholesale fulfillment.
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Net sales of services and plans for the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $3.2 million, or 3.3%, compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, driven primarily by higher exam revenues of $6.3 million, or 12.2% increase, which was partially offset by a $1.6 million, or 16.4%, decrease in management fees from our Legacy partner.
Owned & Host segment net revenue. Net revenue increased $24.0 million, or 5.5%, driven primarily by new store openings and comparable store sales growth.
Legacy segment net revenue. Net revenue decreased $0.9 million, or 2.1%, driven by negative comparable store sales growth.
Corporate/Other segment net revenue. Net revenue increased $3.2 million, or 5.1%, driven primarily by increases in wholesale fulfillment.
Net revenue reconciliations. The impact of reconciliations positively impacted net revenue by $8.4 million in the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022. Net revenue was positively impacted by $10.7 million due to the timing of unearned revenue. Net revenue was negatively impacted by $2.3 million due to higher sales of club memberships and product protection plans in the three months ended April 1, 2023, thus causing recognition of previous deferrals to be lower than cash collected for sales in fiscal year 2023.
Costs applicable to revenue
Costs applicable to revenue of $254.1 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $18.0 million, or 7.6%, from $236.0 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022. As a percentage of net revenue, costs applicable to revenue increased from 44.7% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 45.2% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. This increase as a percentage of net revenue was primarily driven by higher growth in optometrist-related costs of 90 basis points, partially offset by higher eyeglass margin of 20 basis points and increased eyeglass mix of 20 basis points.
Costs of products as a percentage of net product sales decreased from 37.9% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 37.2% for the three months ended April 1, 2023, primarily driven by higher eyeglass margin and increased eyeglass mix.
Owned & Host segment costs of products. Costs of products as a percentage of net product sales decreased from 28.2% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 28.1% for the three months ended April 1, 2023 driven by higher eyeglass margin and increased eyeglass mix.
Legacy segment costs of products. Costs of products as a percentage of net product sales decreased from 46.7% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 44.8% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a higher mix of managed care customer transactions versus non-managed care customer transactions. Legacy segment managed care net product revenue is recorded in net product sales while revenue associated with servicing non-managed care customers is recorded in net sales of services and plans. Eyeglass and contact lens product costs for both managed care and non-managed care net revenue are recorded in costs of products. Increases in managed care mix decrease costs of products as a percentage of net product sales and have a corresponding negative impact on costs of services as a percentage of net sales of services and plans in our Legacy segment.
Costs of services and plans as a percentage of net sales of services and plans increased from 76.0% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 82.9% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by higher growth in optometrist-related costs.
Owned & Host segment costs of services and plans. Costs of services and plans as a percentage of net sales of services and plans increased from 82.0% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 86.2% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by higher growth in optometrist-related costs.
Legacy segment costs of services and plans. Costs of services and plans as a percentage of net sales of services and plans increased from 42.8% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 45.5% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by higher growth in optometrist-related costs.
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Selling, general and administrative
SG&A of $249.9 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $21.4 million, or 9.3%, from the three months ended April 2, 2022. As a percentage of net revenue, SG&A increased from 43.3% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 44.4% for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase in SG&A as a percentage of net revenue was primarily driven by higher performance-based incentive compensation of 120 basis points and higher payroll of 60 basis points, partially offset by advertising leverage of 40 basis points.
Owned & Host SG&A. SG&A as a percentage of net revenue increased from 36.0% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 to 36.3% for the three months ended April 1, 2023, driven primarily by higher payroll and occupancy expense.
Legacy segment SG&A. SG&A as a percentage of net revenue was 35.8% for the three months ended April 2, 2022 as compared to 35.8% for the three months ended April 1, 2023.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense of $24.8 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 decreased $0.3 million, or 1.3%, from $25.2 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022 primarily driven by lower capitalization of information technology investments as property and equipment, partially offset by investments in remote medicine technology and new store openings.
Asset impairment
We recognized $0.4 million for impairment of tangible long-lived assets and ROU assets associated with our retail stores during the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to $0.4 million recognized during the three months ended April 2, 2022. The store asset impairment charge is primarily related to our Owned & Host segment and is driven by lower than projected customer sales volume in certain stores, and other entity-specific assumptions. We considered multiple factors including, but not limited to: forecasted scenarios related to store performance and the likelihood that these scenarios would be ultimately realized; and the remaining useful lives of the assets. Asset impairment expenses were recognized in Corporate/Other.
Interest expense (income), net
Interest expense (income), net was $4.9 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023, compared to $(4.1) million for the three months ended April 2, 2022. The change was primarily a result of gains on our interest derivative in the first quarter of 2022 that did not reoccur in the first quarter of 2023.
Income tax provision
Our effective tax rates for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 were 35.8% and 27.3%, respectively, reflecting our statutory federal and state rates of 25.4% and 25.5%, respectively, reduced deductibility of meals and entertainment expenses and effects of other permanent items.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Margin, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS.
We define Adjusted Operating Income as net income, plus interest expense (income), net and income tax provision (benefit), further adjusted to exclude stock based compensation expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, asset impairment, litigation settlement, secondary offering expenses, management realignment expenses, long-term incentive plan expenses, amortization of acquisition intangibles and certain other expenses. We define Adjusted Operating Margin as Adjusted Operating Income as a percentage of net revenue. We define EBITDA as net income, plus interest expense (income), net, income tax provision (benefit) and depreciation and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income, plus interest expense (income), net, income tax provision (benefit) and depreciation and amortization, further adjusted to exclude stock based compensation expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, asset impairment, litigation settlement, secondary offering expenses, management realignment expenses, long-term incentive plan expenses, and certain other expenses. We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net revenue. We define Adjusted Diluted EPS as diluted earnings per share, adjusted for the per share impact of stock based compensation expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, asset impairment, litigation settlement, secondary offering expenses, management realignment expenses, long-term incentive plan expenses, amortization of acquisition intangibles, amortization of debt discounts and deferred financing costs of our term loan borrowings, amortization of the conversion feature and deferred financing costs related to our 2025 Notes when not required under U.S. GAAP to be added back for diluted earnings per share,
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losses (gains) on change in fair value of derivatives, certain other expenses, and tax expense (benefit) from stock-based compensation, less the tax effect of these adjustments.
EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures can vary substantially in size from one period to the next, and certain types of expenses are non-recurring in nature and consequently may not have been incurred in any of the periods presented below.
EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures have been presented as supplemental measures of financial performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, because we believe they assist investors and analysts in comparing our operating performance across reporting periods on a consistent basis by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. Management believes EBITDA, and the Company Non-GAAP Measures are useful to investors in highlighting trends in our operating performance, while other measures can differ significantly depending on long-term strategic decisions regarding capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which we operate and capital investments. We also use EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures to supplement U.S. GAAP measures of performance in the evaluation of the effectiveness of our business strategies, to make budgeting decisions, to establish discretionary annual incentive compensation and to compare our performance against that of other peer companies using similar measures. Management supplements U.S. GAAP results with Non-GAAP financial measures to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than U.S. GAAP results alone. We continue to evaluate our use of the Company Non-GAAP Measures in the context of the development of our business, and may introduce or discontinue certain measures in the future as we deem appropriate.
EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures are not recognized terms under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or income from operations as a measure of financial performance or cash flows provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity, or any other performance measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Additionally, these measures are not intended to be a measure of free cash flow available for management’s discretionary use as they do not consider certain cash requirements such as interest payments, tax payments and debt service requirements. In evaluating EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures, we may incur expenses in the future that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments in this presentation. Our presentation of EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures should not be construed to imply that our future results will be unaffected by any such adjustments. Management compensates for these limitations by primarily relying on our U.S. GAAP results in addition to using EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures.
The presentations of these measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:
•they do not reflect costs or cash outlays for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
•they do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
•EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Operating Income do not reflect the interest expense (income), net, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt;
•EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Operating Income do not reflect period to period changes in taxes, income tax provision or the cash necessary to pay income taxes;
•they do not reflect the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations;
•although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect cash requirements for such replacements; and
•other companies in our industry may calculate these measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.
Because of these limitations, EBITDA and the Company Non-GAAP Measures should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to invest in business growth or to reduce indebtedness.
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The following table reconciles our Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Margin, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin to net income; and Adjusted Diluted EPS to diluted EPS for the periods presented:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | 3.2 | % | $ | 30,147 | 5.7 | % | |||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | 4,867 | 0.9 | % | (4,144) | (0.8) | % | |||||||||||
| Income tax provision | 10,175 | 1.8 | % | 11,329 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||
Stock based compensation expense (a) | 4,315 | 0.8 | % | 3,734 | 0.7 | % | |||||||||||
Asset impairment (b) | 387 | 0.1 | % | 406 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||
Amortization of acquisition intangibles (c) | 1,872 | 0.3 | % | 1,872 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||
Other (f) | (13) | (0.0) | % | 1,960 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income / Adjusted Operating Margin | $ | 39,873 | 7.1 | % | $ | 45,304 | 8.6 | % | |||||||||
Note: Percentages reflect line item as a percentage of net revenue, adjusted for rounding. Some of the percentage totals in the table above do not foot due to rounding differences. | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 18,270 | 3.2 | % | $ | 30,147 | 5.7 | % | |||||||||
| Interest expense (income), net | 4,867 | 0.9 | % | (4,144) | (0.8) | % | |||||||||||
| Income tax provision | 10,175 | 1.8 | % | 11,329 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 24,813 | 4.4 | % | 25,151 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||
| EBITDA | 58,125 | 10.3 | % | 62,483 | 11.8 | % | |||||||||||
Stock based compensation expense (a) | 4,315 | 0.8 | % | 3,734 | 0.7 | % | |||||||||||
Asset impairment (b) | 387 | 0.1 | % | 406 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||
Other (f) | (13) | (0.0) | % | 1,960 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA / Adjusted EBITDA Margin | $ | 62,814 | 11.2 | % | $ | 68,583 | 13.0 | % | |||||||||
| Note: Percentages reflect line item as a percentage of net revenue, adjusted for rounding. Some of the percentage totals in the table above do not foot due to rounding differences. | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands, except per share amounts | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.34 | |||||||
Stock based compensation expense (a) | 0.05 | 0.04 | |||||||||
Asset impairment (b) | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||||
Amortization of acquisition intangibles (c) | 0.02 | 0.02 | |||||||||
Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing costs (d) | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||||
Losses (gains) on change in fair value of derivatives (e) | 0.03 | (0.10) | |||||||||
Other (f) | (0.00) | 0.02 | |||||||||
Tax expense (benefit) from stock-based compensation (g) | 0.01 | 0.00 | |||||||||
Tax effect of total adjustments (h) | (0.03) | 0.00 | |||||||||
| Adjusted Diluted EPS | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.33 | |||||||
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding | 92,136 | 94,904 | |||||||||
| Note: Some of the totals in the table above do not foot due to rounding differences. | |||||||||||
(a)Non-cash charges related to stock-based compensation programs, which vary from period to period depending on the timing of awards and performance vesting conditions.
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(b)Reflects write-off of primarily property, equipment and lease-related assets on closed or underperforming stores.
(c)Amortization of the increase in carrying values of finite-lived intangible assets resulting from the application of purchase accounting following the acquisition of the Company by affiliates of KKR & Co. Inc.
(d)Amortization of deferred financing costs and other non-cash charges related to our long-term debt. We adjust for amortization of deferred financing costs related to the 2025 Notes only when adjustment for these costs is not required in the calculation of diluted earnings per share under U.S. GAAP.
(e)Reflects losses (gains) recognized in interest expense (income), net on change in fair value of de-designated hedges.
(f)Other adjustments include amounts that management believes are not representative of our operating performance (amounts in brackets represent reductions in Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA), which are primarily related to excess payroll taxes on vesting of restricted stock units and exercises of stock options, executive severance and relocation and other expenses and adjustments, including losses on other investments of $0.3 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022.
(g)Tax expense (benefit) associated with accounting guidance requiring excess tax expense (benefit) related to vesting of restricted stock units and exercises of stock options to be recorded in earnings as discrete items in the reporting period in which they occur.
(h)Represents the income tax effect of the total adjustments at our combined statutory federal and state income tax rates.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary cash needs are for inventory, payroll, store rent, advertising, capital expenditures associated with new stores and updating existing stores, as well as information and remote medicine technology and infrastructure, including our corporate office, distribution centers, and laboratories. When appropriate, the Company may utilize excess liquidity towards debt service requirements, including voluntary debt prepayments, or required interest and principal payments, if any, as well as repurchases of common stock, based on excess cash flows. The most significant components of our operating assets and liabilities are inventories, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, deferred and unearned revenue and other payables and accrued expenses. We exercise prudence in our use of cash and closely monitor various items related to cash flow including, but not limited to, cash receipts, cash disbursements, payment terms and alternative sources of funding. We continue to be focused on these items in addition to other key measures we use to determine how our consolidated business and operating segments are performing. We believe that cash on hand, cash expected to be generated from operations and the availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our working capital requirements, liquidity obligations, anticipated capital expenditures, and payments due under our existing debt for the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future. Depending on our liquidity levels, conditions in the capital markets and other factors, we may from time to time consider the refinancing or issuance of debt, issuance of equity or other securities, the proceeds of which could provide additional liquidity for our operations, as well as modifications to our term loan where possible. We are currently exploring options for refinancing our term loan and credit facility in advance of their maturity in 2024. Such refinancing would depend on multiple factors, including conditions in the capital markets. Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity may be affected by numerous factors, many of which are outside of our control. We primarily fund our working capital needs using cash provided by operations. Our working capital requirements for inventory will increase as we continue to open additional stores.
As of April 1, 2023, we had $246.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and $293.6 million of availability under our revolving credit facility, which includes $6.4 million in outstanding letters of credit.
As of April 1, 2023, we had $150.0 million of term loan outstanding under our credit agreement. We were in compliance with all covenants related to our long-term debt as of April 1, 2023.
The following table summarizes cash flows provided by (used for) operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| In thousands | April 1, 2023 | April 2, 2022 | |||||||||
| Cash flows provided by (used for): | |||||||||||
| Operating activities | $ | 74,064 | $ | 47,117 | |||||||
| Investing activities | (27,615) | (28,077) | |||||||||
| Financing activities | (28,662) | (9,941) | |||||||||
| Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 17,787 | $ | 9,099 | |||||||
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities.
Cash flows provided by operating activities increased $26.9 million from $47.1 million during the three months ended April 2, 2022 to $74.1 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. Changes in net working capital and other assets and liabilities contributed $43.2 million of cash and were partially offset by lower net income of $11.9 million and a decrease in non-cash adjustments of $4.4 million compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022.
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Increases in other liabilities during the three months ended April 1, 2023 contributed $35.3 million in year-over-year cash primarily due to increases in compensation related accruals. Decreases in accounts receivable contributed $6.2 million in year-over-year cash primarily due to decreases in credit card receivables. These were partially offset by decreases in deferred and unearned revenue that used $8.3 million in year-over-year cash, primarily as a result of higher sales in the last week of 2022 as compared to the last week of 2021.
Net Cash Used for Investing Activities
Net cash used for investing activities decreased by $0.5 million, to $27.6 million, during the three months ended April 1, 2023 from $28.1 million during the three months ended April 2, 2022. The year-over-year decrease was primarily due to lower remote medicine and information technology infrastructure investments, partially offset by new store openings.
Net Cash Used For Financing Activities
Net cash used for financing activities was $28.7 million during the three months ended April 1, 2023 as compared to $9.9 million during the three months ended April 2, 2022. The $18.7 million year-over-year increase in cash used for financing activities was primarily due to increased purchases of treasury stock of $17.0 million.
Share Repurchase Authority
During the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, the Company repurchased 1.1 million shares of its common stock for $25.0 million, and 0.2 million shares of its common stock for $7.1 million, respectively, under the share repurchase program. As of April 1, 2023, $25.0 million remains available under the share repurchase authorization.
Material Cash Requirements
There were no material changes outside the ordinary course of business in our material cash requirements and commercial commitments from those reported in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We follow U.S. GAAP in making the determination as to whether or not to record an asset or liability related to our arrangements with third parties. Consistent with current accounting guidance, we do not record an asset or liability associated with long-term purchase, marketing and promotional commitments, or commitments to philanthropic endeavors. We have disclosed the amount of future commitments associated with these items in the 2022 Annual Report on form 10-K. We are not a party to any other material off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management has evaluated the accounting policies used in the preparation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and believes those policies to be reasonable and appropriate. Certain of these accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by management in selecting appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. These judgments are based on historical experience, trends in the industry, information provided by customers and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. The most significant areas involving management judgments and estimates may be found in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, in the “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as compared to the critical accounting policies described in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements
There have been no material changes due to recently issued or adopted accounting standards since those disclosed in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
We have market risk exposure from changes in interest rates. When appropriate, we use derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk from such exposure. A discussion of our accounting policies for derivative financial instruments is included in Note 3. “Fair Value Measurement” and Note 5. “Interest Rate Derivatives” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Form 10-Q.
A portion of our debt bears interest at variable rates. If market interest rates increase, the interest rate on our variable rate debt will increase and will create higher debt service requirements, which would adversely affect our cash flow and could adversely impact our results of operations. Our interest rate collar is intended to mitigate some of the effects of increases in interest rates.
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As of April 1, 2023, $150.0 million of term loan borrowings were subject to variable interest rates, with a weighted average borrowing rate of 3.1%. An increase to market rates of 1.0% as of April 1, 2023 would not result in a material increase to interest expense. Assuming a decrease to market rates of 1.0% as of April 1, 2023, the resulting increase to interest expense related to the interest rate derivative would be approximately $4 million. For more information about quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, please see Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II. of the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of April 1, 2023. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and the CFO have concluded that the Company’s current disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that material information relating to the Company required to be disclosed in the Company’s periodic filings with the SEC is made known to them in a timely manner.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
See Note 9. “Commitments and Contingencies” in our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Form 10-Q for information regarding certain legal proceedings in which we are involved, which discussion is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
For information regarding factors that could affect the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed in Part I. Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
In thousands, except per share amounts | ||||||||||||||
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) | Average Price Paid per Share (1) | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) | ||||||||||
| January 1, 2023 - January 28, 2023 | — | — | — | $ | 50,041 | |||||||||
| January 29, 2023 - March 4, 2023 | 419 | $ | 23.20 | 419 | $ | 40,331 | ||||||||
| March 5, 2023 - April, 1 2023 | 673 | $ | 22.71 | 673 | $ | 25,041 | ||||||||
| Total | 1,092 | $ | 22.90 | 1,092 | $ | 25,041 | ||||||||
(1) Information regarding the Company’s share repurchases can be found in Note 1, Description of Business and Basis of Presentation, in the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Form 10-Q. Effective November 8, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50 million aggregate amount of shares of the Company’s common stock. On November 29, 2021 and February 23, 2022, the Board authorized increases of $50 million and $100 million, respectively, to the share repurchase program for a total authorization of $200 million. The share repurchase authorization expires on December 30, 2023. Following repurchases in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, $25.0 million remains available under the share repurchase authorization. The timing and amounts of any such repurchases will depend on a variety of factors, including the market price of the Company’s shares and general market and economic conditions. | ||||||||||||||
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibit Index
| Exhibit No. | Exhibit Description | |||||||
| Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of National Vision Holdings, Inc. - incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2021. | ||||||||
| Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of National Vision Holdings, Inc. - incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2021. | ||||||||
| Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith). | ||||||||
| Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith). | ||||||||
| Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith). | ||||||||
| Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith). | ||||||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within Inline XBRL document. | |||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 104 | The cover page of the Company’s Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 1, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL (included within the Exhibit 101 attachments). | |||||||
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| National Vision Holdings, Inc. | ||||||||
| Dated: May 11, 2023 | By: | /s/ L. Reade Fahs | ||||||
| Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||
| Dated: May 11, 2023 | By: | /s/ Melissa Rasmussen | ||||||
| Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | ||||||||
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