Permianville Royalty Trust - Quarter Report: 2023 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

For the transition period from                      to

Commission File Number: 001-35333

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

1-512-236-6555 

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of May 15, 2023, 33,000,000 units of beneficial interest in Permianville Royalty Trust were outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GLOSSARY OF CERTAIN OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS

The following are definitions of significant terms used in this report.

Bbl—One barrel of 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used herein in reference to crude oil and other liquid hydrocarbons.

Boe—One barrel of oil equivalent, computed on an approximate energy equivalent basis that one Bbl of crude oil equals approximately six Mcf of natural gas.

Btu—A British Thermal Unit, a common unit of energy measurement.

Completion—The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or natural gas, or in the case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the appropriate agency.

Differential—The difference between a benchmark price of oil and natural gas, such as the NYMEX crude oil spot, and the wellhead price received.

Field—An area consisting of either a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs, all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature and/or stratigraphic condition.

GAAP—Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Gross acres or gross wells—The total acres or wells, as the case may be, in which a working interest is owned.

MBbl—One thousand barrels of crude oil or condensate.

MBoe—One thousand barrels of oil equivalent.

Mcf—One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.

MMBoe—One million barrels of oil equivalent.

MMcf—One million cubic feet of natural gas.

Net acres or net wells—The sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres or wells, as the case may be.

Net profits interest—A nonoperating interest that creates a share in gross production from an operating or working interest in oil and natural gas properties. The share is measured by net profits from the sale of production after deducting costs associated with that production.

NYMEX—New York Mercantile Exchange.

NYSE—New York Stock Exchange.

Plugging and abandonment—Activities to remove production equipment and seal off a well at the end of a well’s economic life.

Reservoir—A porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of producible oil and/or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is individual and separate from other reservoirs.

Working interest—The right granted to the lessee of a property to explore for and to produce and own oil, natural gas, or other minerals. The working interest owners bear the exploration, development, and operating costs on either a cash, penalty, or carried basis.

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Trust Corpus

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

Statements of Distributable Income

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

Statements of Changes in Trust Corpus 

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

Permianville Royalty Trust (the “Trust”), previously known as Enduro Royalty Trust, is a Delaware statutory trust formed in May 2011 pursuant to a trust agreement (the “Trust Agreement”) among Enduro Resource Partners LLC (“Enduro”), as trustor, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (the “Trustee”), as trustee, and Wilmington Trust Company (the “Delaware Trustee”), as Delaware Trustee.

The Trust was created to acquire and hold for the benefit of the Trust unitholders a net profits interest representing the right to receive 80% of the net profits from the sale of oil and natural gas production from certain properties in the states of Texas, Louisiana and New Mexico held by Enduro as of the date of the conveyance of the net profits interest to the Trust (the “Net Profits Interest”). The properties in which the Trust holds the Net Profits Interest are referred to as the “Underlying Properties.”

In connection with the closing of the initial public offering in November 2011, Enduro contributed the Net Profits Interest to the Trust in exchange for 33,000,000 units of beneficial interest in the Trust (the “Trust Units”). On August 31, 2018, COERT Holdings 1 LLC (“COERT” or the “Sponsor”) acquired from Enduro the Underlying Properties and all of the outstanding Trust Units owned by Enduro (the “Sale Transaction”). In connection with the Sale Transaction, COERT assumed all of Enduro’s obligations under the Trust Agreement and other instruments to which Enduro and the Trustee were parties. As of March 31, 2023, the Sponsor owned 7,517,942 Trust Units, or 23% of the issued and outstanding Trust Units.

The Net Profits Interest is passive in nature and neither the Trust nor the Trustee has any management control over or responsibility for costs relating to the operation of the Underlying Properties. The Amended and Restated Trust Agreement provides, among other provisions, that:

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

The Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Trust Corpus as of December 31, 2022, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and the unaudited interim financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K”).

In the opinion of the Trustee, the accompanying unaudited financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal, recurring, that are necessary for a fair presentation of the interim periods presented and include all the disclosures necessary to make the information presented not misleading. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

The preparation of financial statements requires the Trustee to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Although the Trustee believes that these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Trust uses the modified cash basis of accounting to report Trust receipts of income from the Net Profits Interest and payments of expenses incurred. The Net Profits Interest represents the right to receive revenues (oil and natural gas sales), less direct operating expenses (lease operating expenses and production and property taxes) and development expenses of the Underlying Properties, multiplied by 80%. Cash distributions of the Trust are made based on the amount of cash received by the Trust pursuant to terms of the Conveyance creating the Net Profits Interest.

Under the terms of the Conveyance, the monthly Net Profits Interest calculation includes oil and natural gas revenues received during the relevant month. Monthly operating expenses and capital expenditures represent estimated incurred expenses and, as a result, represent accrued expenses as well as expenses paid during the period.

The financial statements of the Trust are prepared on the following basis:

(a) Income from Net Profits Interest is recorded when distributions are received by the Trust;

(b) Distributions to Trust unitholders are recorded when paid by the Trust;

(c) Trust general and administrative expenses (which includes the Trustee’s fees as well as accounting, engineering, legal, and other professional fees) are recorded when paid;

(d) Cash reserves for Trust expenses may be established by the Trustee for certain future expenditures that would not be recorded as contingent liabilities under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”);

(e) Amortization of the Net Profits Interest in oil and natural gas properties is calculated on a unit-of-production basis and is charged directly to the Trust corpus; and

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

(f) The Net Profits Interest in oil and natural gas properties is periodically assessed whenever events or circumstances indicate that the aggregate value may have been impaired below its total capitalized cost based on the Underlying Properties. If an impairment loss is indicated by the carrying amount of the assets exceeding the sum of the undiscounted expected future net cash flows of the Net Profits Interest, then an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value determined using discounted cash flows. Any impairment is a direct charge to the Trust Corpus.

The financial statements of the Trust differ from financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP because revenues are not accrued; certain cash reserves may be established for contingencies which would not be accrued in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP; general and administrative expenses are recorded when paid instead of when incurred; amortization of the net profits interest calculated on a unit-of-production basis is charged directly to trust corpus instead of as an expense; the Trust does not record a liability or repay any overpayment received as these will be deducted from future payments; and impairment is charged directly to the trust corpus. While these statements differ from financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, the modified cash basis of reporting is considered to be the most meaningful because monthly distributions to the Trust unitholders are based on net cash receipts.

This comprehensive basis of accounting other than GAAP corresponds to the accounting permitted for royalty trusts by the SEC as specified by Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 12:E, Financial Statements of Royalty Trusts.

The Net Profits Interest in oil and natural gas properties was recorded at its fair value on the date of conveyance. Amortization of the Net Profits Interest in oil and natural gas properties is calculated on a unit-of-production basis based on the Underlying Properties’ production and reserves. The reserves upon which the amortization rate is based are quantity estimates that are subject to numerous uncertainties inherent in the estimation of proved reserves. The volumes considered to be commercially recoverable fluctuate with changes in commodity prices and operating costs. These estimates are expected to change as additional information becomes available in the future. Downward revisions in proved reserves may result in an increased rate of amortization. Amortization is charged directly to the Trust corpus balance and does not affect the distributable income of the Trust. Accumulated amortization as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $298,607,686 and $297,449,526, respectively.

The Net Profits Interest is periodically assessed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the current fair value based on expected future cash flows of the Underlying Properties may be less than the carrying value of the Net Profits Interest. While the Trust did not record an impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022, future downward revisions in actual production volumes relative to current forecasts, higher than expected operating costs, or lower than anticipated commodity prices could result in recognition of impairment in future periods.

Federal Income Taxes

For federal income tax purposes, the Trust is a grantor trust and therefore is not subject to tax at the trust level. Trust unitholders are treated as owning a direct interest in the assets of the Trust, and each Trust unitholder is taxed directly on his or her pro rata share of the income and gain attributable to the assets of the Trust and entitled to claim his or her pro rata share of the deductions and expenses attributable to the assets of the Trust. The income of the Trust is deemed to have been received or accrued by each unitholder at the time such income is received or accrued by the Trust rather than when distributed by the Trust.

The deductions of the Trust consist of severance taxes and administrative expenses. In addition, each unitholder is entitled to depletion deductions because the Net Profits Interest constitutes “economic interests” in oil and natural gas properties for federal income tax purposes. Each unitholder is entitled to amortize the cost of the Trust Units through cost depletion over the life of the Net Profits Interest or, if greater, through percentage depletion. Unlike cost depletion, percentage depletion is not limited to a unitholder’s depletable tax basis in the Trust Units. Rather, a unitholder could be entitled to percentage depletion as long as the applicable Underlying Properties generate gross income.

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

Some Trust Units are held by a middleman, as such term is broadly defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations (and includes custodians, nominees, certain joint owners, and brokers holding an interest for a custodian in street name). Therefore, the Trustee considers the Trust to be a non-mortgage widely held fixed investment trust (“WHFIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., 601 Travis, 16^th Floor, Houston, Texas 77002, telephone number (512) 236-6545, is the representative of the Trust that will provide tax information in accordance with applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations governing the information reporting requirements of the Trust as a WHFIT. Tax information is also posted by the Trustee at www.permianvilleroyaltytrust.com. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the middlemen holding units on behalf of unitholders, and not the Trustee of the Trust, are solely responsible for complying with the information reporting requirements under the U.S. Treasury Regulations with respect to such units, including the issuance of IRS Forms 1099 and certain written tax statements. Unitholders whose units are held by middlemen should consult with such middlemen regarding the information that will be reported to them by the middlemen with respect to the Trust Units.

The tax consequences to a unitholder of ownership of Trust Units will depend in part on the unitholder’s tax circumstances. Unitholders should consult their tax advisors about the federal tax consequences relating to owning the Trust Units.

State Taxes

The Trust’s revenues are from sources in the states of Louisiana, New Mexico, and Texas. Because it distributes all of its net income to unitholders, the Trust is not taxed at the trust level in Louisiana or New Mexico. Although the Trust does not owe tax, the Trustee is required to file a return with Louisiana reflecting the income and deductions of the Trust attributable to properties located in that state. Presently, Louisiana and New Mexico tax nonresident income from real property located within that state. Louisiana and New Mexico impose a corporate income tax which may apply to unitholders organized as corporations.

Texas does not impose a state income tax, so the Trust’s income is not subject to income tax at the trust level in Texas. Texas imposes a franchise tax at a rate of 0.75% on gross revenues less certain deductions for returns originally due on or after January 1, 2016, as specifically set forth in the Texas franchise tax statutes. Entities subject to tax generally include trusts unless otherwise exempt. Trusts that receive at least 90% of their federal gross income from designated passive sources, including royalties from mineral properties and other income from other non-operating mineral interests, and do not receive more than 10% of their income from operating an active trade or business, generally are exempt from the Texas franchise tax as “passive entities.” Although the Trust is intended to be exempt from Texas franchise tax at the trust level as a passive entity, each unitholder that is considered a taxable entity under the Texas franchise tax would generally be required to include its portion of Trust net income in its own Texas franchise tax computation.

Each unitholder should consult his or her own tax advisor regarding state tax requirements, if any, applicable to such person’s ownership of Trust Units.

Each month, the Trustee determines the amount of funds available for distribution to the Trust unitholders. Available funds are the excess cash, if any, received by the Trust from the Net Profits Interest and other sources (such as interest earned on any amounts reserved by the Trustee) that month, over the Trust’s liabilities for that month, subject to adjustments for changes made by the Trustee during the month in any cash reserves established for future liabilities of the Trust. No distributions will be made to Trust unitholders until the indebtedness created by such amounts drawn or borrowed as advances to the Trust have been repaid in full. Distributions are made to the holders of Trust Units as of the applicable record date (generally the last business day of each calendar month) and are payable on or before the 10th business day after the record date.

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

The following table provides information regarding the Trust’s distributions per unit paid during the periods indicated:

Under the terms of the Trust Agreement, the Trust pays an administrative fee of $200,000 per year to the Trustee and an annual fee of $2,000 to the Delaware Trustee. During each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Trust paid $50,000 to the Trustee and $0 to the Delaware Trustee pursuant to the terms of the Trust Agreement.

Distributions Paid or Declared

On April 14, 2023, a distribution of $0.019350 per unit, which was declared on March 16, 2023, was paid to Trust unitholders of record as of March 31, 2023.

On April 17, 2023, the Trust declared a distribution of $0.030000 per unit to unitholders of record as of April 28, 2023. The distribution was paid to unitholders on May 12, 2023.

Proposed Property Divestitures

On May 3, 2023, the Sponsor notified the Trustee that the Sponsor had entered into an agreement to divest certain acreage and associated production in the Permian Basin (the “Divestiture Properties”) that constitute part of the Underlying Properties and are therefore burdened by the Trust’s Net Profits Interest, for a total purchase price of approximately $6.7 million. Accordingly, the Sponsor will seek, through a vote at a special meeting of unitholders, unitholder approval of the release of the Net Profits Interest with respect to the Divestiture Properties. If the transactions are approved, unitholders will receive 80% of the net proceeds of the sale of the Divestiture Properties. The income from net profits interest from the Divestiture Properties has not been significant historically and represented less than 6% and less than 5% of total proved reserves attributable to the Trust and the PV-10 of the Underlying Properties at December 31, 2022, respectively. The Divestiture Properties are being acquired by the Operator of the Divestiture Properties, whom the Sponsor views as the most logical acquirer.

On May 12, 2023, the Trust filed a preliminary proxy statement with the SEC with respect to a special meeting of unitholders to be held in 2023 for the purpose of considering and acting on proposals to approve:

PERMIANVILLE ROYALTY TRUST 

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

(unaudited)

The Trustee makes no recommendation regarding any of the foregoing proposals. Unitholders should review carefully the definitive proxy statement that will be filed with the SEC with respect to the special meeting, when it becomes available, because it will contain important information about the release of the Trust’s Net Profits Interest with respect to the Divestiture Properties in connection with the proposed transaction.

References to the “Trust” in this document refer to Permianville Royalty Trust, previously known as Enduro Royalty Trust, while references to “COERT” or the “Sponsor” in this document refer to COERT Holdings 1 LLC. References to “Enduro” in this document refer to Enduro Resource Partners LLC, the original sponsor of the Trust. The following review of the Trust’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto, as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Trust’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all other filings with the SEC are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Form 10-Q, including without limitation the statements under this “Trustee’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are forward-looking statements. Such statements may be influenced by factors that could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from those projected. No assurance can be given that such expectations will prove to have been correct. When used in this document, the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends” or similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. The following important factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, in the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Trust’s other filings with the SEC could affect the future results of the energy industry in general, and COERT and the Trust in particular, and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statements:

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. The Trust does not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to the forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless the securities laws require the Trust to do so.

This Form 10-Q describes other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations of the Sponsor and the Trust. All forward-looking statements in this report and all subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Sponsor or the Trust or persons acting on behalf of the Sponsor or the Trust are expressly qualified in their entirety by such factors. The Trust assumes no obligation, and disclaims any duty, to update these forward-looking statements.

Overview

Permianville Royalty Trust, a statutory trust created in May 2011, completed its initial public offering in November 2011. The Trust’s only asset and source of income is the Net Profits Interest, which entitles the Trust to receive 80% of the net profits from oil and natural gas production from the Underlying Properties. The Net Profits Interest is passive in nature and neither the Trust nor the Trustee has any management control over or responsibility for costs relating to the operation of the Underlying Properties. Additionally, third parties operate substantially all of the wells on the Underlying Properties and, therefore, the Sponsor is not in a position to control the timing of development efforts, associated costs, or the rate of production of the reserves.

On August 31, 2018, COERT completed the acquisition from Enduro of the Underlying Properties and all of the outstanding Trust Units owned by Enduro (the “Sale Transaction”). In connection with the Sale Transaction, COERT assumed all of Enduro’s obligations under the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust and other instruments to which Enduro and the Trustee were parties.

The Trust is required to make monthly cash distributions of substantially all of its monthly cash receipts, after deducting the Trust’s administrative expenses, to the holders of Trust Units as of the applicable record date (generally the last business day of each calendar month) on or before the 10^th business day after the record date. The Net Profits Interest is entitled to a share of the profits from and after July 1, 2011 attributable to production occurring on or after June 1, 2011. The amount of Trust revenues and cash distributions to Trust unitholders depends on, among other things:

Generally, the Sponsor receives cash payment for oil production 30 to 60 days after it is produced and for natural gas production 60 to 90 days after it is produced.

Outlook

The overall outlook for development activity on the Underlying Properties remained stable during the first quarter of 2023, despite a quarter-over-quarter decline in commodity prices. Meanwhile, the global economy remains volatile, reflecting, among other factors, the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further clouding the outlook for commodity demand is the banking sector crisis and its potential impact on lending availability to consumers and businesses. Nevertheless, the Sponsor does not expect that these events will have a material impact on the Underlying Properties and the 2023 development activity compared to previously estimated levels detailed in the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, aside from the effects of volatile commodity prices. The West Texas Intermediate spot price of crude oil has decreased materially from $80.26 per barrel on December 30, 2022 to $70.78 per barrel on May 11, 2023. Natural gas prices have experienced greater pressure, with the Henry Hub spot price decreasing from $3.52 per MMBTU on December 30, 2022 to $2.12 per MMBTU on May 11, 2023.

Despite the price volatility, the Sponsor currently expects the previously disclosed capital spending outlook to remain within the range of $6.0 million to $9.0 million, or $4.8 million to $7.2 million net to the Trust’s 80% Net Profits Interest. While operators continue to evaluate their planned capital expenditures for 2023, taking into account the volatility in commodity prices, the majority of the operators of the Underlying Properties are Permian-focused, large cap operators who have indicated to the Sponsor their intent to continue with planned activities. The Sponsor does expect some moderation in the previously expected capital expenditure activity in the Haynesville area of the Underlying Properties. The Sponsor also expects that some of the inflationary pressures and supply chain bottlenecks operators of the Underlying Properties reported during 2022 will moderate this year. Given the market volatility, the Sponsor may reestablish a cash reserve for approved, future development expenses during 2023, similar to the cash reserve that the Sponsor had established in 2022. The Sponsor indicates that it continues to have access to adequate capital and liquidity to fund such capital expenditures as they come due.

The Sponsor believes there could be further opportunity in 2023 for prospective divestitures, as operators of some of the Underlying Properties look to acquire assets at compelling valuations against the backdrop of favorable oil prices compared to prior years.

Capex Drilling Activity Update

Presented below is a summary of the current status of certain notable capital projects recently undertaken on the Underlying Properties pursuant to the capital expenditure program described above.

The following table is not intended to be a comprehensive list reflecting all capital expenditures to date. In addition, there can often be a several-month delay from the time of capital expenditures to the time of production and cash flows attributable to the Underlying Properties, especially given the non-operated nature of the Underlying Properties.

Of those projects identified above that are still in process or awaiting first revenues, the Sponsor expects a majority to be completed and to begin producing during 2023.

Special Meeting of Unitholders to Consider Property Divestitures

On May 12, 2023, the Trust filed a preliminary proxy statement with the SEC with respect to a special meeting of unitholders to be held in 2023 for the purpose of considering and acting on proposals to approve: (1) a transaction pursuant to which (a) the Sponsor will sell its interests in certain oil and natural gas properties that constitute part of the oil and natural gas properties burdened by the Net Profits Interest held by the Trust (the “Divestiture Properties”), (b) the Trust will release the related Net Profits Interest associated with the Divestiture Properties, and (c) the net proceeds received by the Trust with respect to such sale will be distributed to the Trust unitholders; (2) amendments to the Trust Agreement to raise certain threshold requirements for a vote of Trust unitholders in connection with similar future transactions; (3) amendments to the Conveyance to raise certain threshold requirements for a vote of Trust unitholders in connection with similar future transactions; and (4) an adjournment of the special meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to permit solicitation of additional proxies in favor of the above proposals. The Trustee makes no recommendation regarding any of the foregoing proposals. Unitholders should review carefully the definitive proxy statement that will be filed with the SEC with respect to the special meeting, when it becomes available, because it will contain important information about the release of the Trust’s Net Profits Interest with respect to the Divestiture Properties in connection with the proposed transaction.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The Trust’s net profits income consists of monthly net profits attributable to the Net Profits Interest, which was determined as shown in the following table:

The following table displays reported oil and natural gas sales volumes and average prices from the Underlying Properties, representing the amounts included in the net profits calculation for distributions paid during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

Net profits attributable to the Underlying Properties for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $3.9 million compared to $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The $0.5 million increase in net profits attributable to the Underlying Properties from the 2023 period to the 2022 period was primarily due to the following items:

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, COERT released the remaining $0.9 million from the cash reserve for future development expenses it had established in 2022 through the withholding of net profits otherwise payable to the Trust.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Trust withheld $0.4 million and paid $0.4 million for general and administrative expenses. Expenses paid during the period primarily consisted of fees for the preparation of the 2022 tax information for Trust unitholders, preparation of the Trust’s 2022 reserve report, financial statement audit fees, preparation of the Trust’s monthly press releases, Trustee fees, and New York Stock Exchange listing fees. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Trust withheld $0.4 million and paid $0.2 million for general and administrative expenses.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Trust’s principal sources of liquidity are cash flow generated from the Net Profits Interest and borrowing capacity under the letter of credit described below. Other than Trust administrative expenses, including any reserves established by the Trustee for future liabilities, the Trust’s only use of cash is for distributions to Trust unitholders. Available funds are the excess cash, if any, received by the Trust from the Net Profits Interest and other sources (such as interest earned on any amounts reserved by the Trustee) in any given month, over the Trust’s expenses paid for that month. Available funds are reduced by any cash the Trustee determines to hold as a reserve against future expenses.

The Trustee may create a cash reserve to pay for future liabilities of the Trust. In February 2022, the Trustee began withholding $37,833 from the funds otherwise available for distribution each month to gradually build a cash reserve of approximately $2.3 million for the payment of future known, anticipated or contingent expenses or liabilities of the Trust. Commencing with the distribution to Trust unitholders payable in April 2023, the Trustee has been withholding, and in the future intends to withhold, $50,000 from the funds otherwise available for distribution each month to gradually build the reserve. The Trustee may increase or decrease the targeted cash reserve amount at any time, and may increase or decrease the rate at which it is withholding funds to build the cash reserve at any time, without advance notice to the Trust unitholders. Cash held in reserve will be invested as required by the Trust Agreement. Any cash reserved in excess of the amount necessary to pay or provide for the payment of future known, anticipated or contingent expenses or liabilities eventually will be distributed to Trust unitholders, together with interest earned on the funds. As of March 31, 2023, the Trustee has withheld $516,053 toward this cash reserve.

If the Trustee determines that the cash on hand and the cash to be received are, or will be, insufficient to cover the Trust’s liabilities, the Trustee may authorize the Trust to borrow money to pay administrative or incidental expenses of the Trust that exceed cash held by the Trust. The Trustee may authorize the Trust to borrow from any person, including the Trustee or the Delaware Trustee or an affiliate thereof, although none of the Trustee, the Delaware Trustee or any affiliate thereof intends to lend funds to the Trust. The Trustee may also cause the Trust to mortgage its assets to secure payment of the indebtedness. The terms of such indebtedness and security interest, if funds were to be loaned by the entity serving as Trustee or Delaware Trustee or an affiliate thereof, would be similar to the terms which such entity would grant to a similarly situated commercial customer with whom it did not have a fiduciary relationship. In addition, COERT has provided the Trust with a $1.2 million letter of credit to be used by the Trust if its cash on hand (including available cash reserves) is insufficient to pay ordinary course administrative expenses. Further, if the Trust requires more than the $1.2 million under the letter of credit to pay administrative expenses, COERT has agreed to loan funds to the Trust necessary to pay such expenses. Any loan made by COERT to the Trust would be evidenced by a written promissory note, be on an unsecured basis, and have terms that are no less favorable to COERT than those that would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction between COERT and an unaffiliated third party. If the Trust borrows funds or draws on the letter of credit, no further distributions will be made to Trust unitholders until such amounts borrowed or drawn are repaid. Except for the foregoing, the Trust has no source of liquidity or capital resources. The Trustee has no current plans to authorize the Trust to borrow any funds. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Trust had cash of $958,007 and $922,913, respectively, to be used towards future Trust expenses. Since its formation, the Trust has not borrowed any funds and no amounts have been drawn on the letter of credit.

From time to time, if the Trust’s cash on hand (including available cash reserves, if any) is not sufficient to pay the Trust’s ordinary course administrative expenses that are due prior to the monthly payment to the Trust of proceeds from the Net Profits Interest, COERT may advance funds to the Trust to pay such expenses. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there was no outstanding balance. Any advances to the Trust will be carried forward to be repaid out of future net profits generated by the Underlying Properties.

Cash held by the Trustee as a reserve against future liabilities or for distribution at the next distribution date may be held in a noninterest-bearing account or may be invested in:

The Trust pays the Trustee an annual administrative fee of $200,000 and the Delaware Trustee an annual fee of $2,000. The Trust also incurs, either directly or as a reimbursement to the Trustee, legal, accounting, tax and engineering fees, printing costs and other expenses that are deducted by the Trust before distributions are made to Trust unitholders. The Trust also is responsible for paying other expenses incurred as a result of being a publicly traded entity, including costs associated with annual and quarterly reports to Trust unitholders, tax return and Form 1099 preparation and distribution, NYSE listing fees, independent auditor fees and registrar and transfer agent fees.

The Trust does not have any transactions, arrangements or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or persons that could materially affect the Trust’s liquidity or the availability of capital resources.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Trust has no off-balance sheet arrangements. The Trust has not guaranteed the debt of any other party, nor does the Trust have any other arrangements or relationships with other entities that could potentially result in unconsolidated debt, losses or contingent obligations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Please read “Item 7. Trustee’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” of the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Trust’s critical accounting policies and estimates. There were no material changes to the Trust’s critical accounting policies or estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Subsequent Events

Distributions Paid or Declared

On April 14, 2023, a distribution of $0.019350 per unit, which was declared on March 16, 2023, was paid to Trust unitholders of record as of March 31, 2023.

On April 17, 2023, the Trust declared a distribution of $0.030000 per unit to unitholders of record as of April 28, 2023. The distribution was paid to unitholders on May 12, 2023.

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, the Trust is not required to provide information required by this Item.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Trustee conducted an evaluation of the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on this evaluation, the Trustee has concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures of the Trust were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this report, in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Trust in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Trustee to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Due to the nature of the Trust as a passive entity and in light of the contractual arrangements pursuant to which the Trust was created, including the provisions of (i) the Trust Agreement and (ii) the Conveyance, the Trustee’s disclosure controls and procedures related to the Trust necessarily rely on (A) information provided by the Sponsor, including information relating to results of operations, the costs and revenues attributable to the Trust’s interest under the Conveyance and other operating and historical data, plans for future operating and capital expenditures, reserve information, information relating to projected production, and other information relating to the status and results of operations of the Underlying Properties and the Net Profits Interest, and (B) conclusions and reports regarding reserves by the Trust’s independent reserve engineers.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As of the end of the period covered by this report, there were no changes in the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. The Trustee notes for purposes of clarification that it has no authority over, and makes no statement concerning, the internal control over financial reporting of the Sponsor.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors contained in Item 1A of the Trust’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The exhibits listed in the following index to exhibits are filed or furnished as part of this Form 10-Q.

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 15, 2023

The Registrant, Permianville Royalty Trust, has no principal executive officer, principal financial officer, board of directors or persons performing similar functions. Accordingly, no additional signatures are available, and none have been provided. In signing the report above, the Trustee does not imply that it has performed any such function or that such function exists pursuant to the terms of the Trust.