Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc. - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10–K

(Mark One)

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015

OR

For the Transition Period From _______to ________

Commission File Number: 333-173048

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act). YES ☐  NO ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. YES ☐  NO ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☑  NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES ☑  NO ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). YES ☐  NO ☑

Aggregate Market value of the common stock held by non affiliates of the registrant: No established market exists for the Registrant’s shares of common stock. As of March 15, 2016 there were 1,327,859 outstanding shares of common stock of Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.

Form 10-K

For the Year Ended December 31, 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Signatures

Consolidated Financial Statements

Exhibits

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We make statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are forward-looking statements, which are usually identified by the use of words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “will,” and variations of such words or similar expressions. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current views about our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects, which are based on the information currently available to us and on assumptions we have made. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects as reflected in or suggested by our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies or prospects will be attained or achieved and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Furthermore, actual results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements and may be affected by a variety of risks and factors, including, without limitation:

Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time, and it is not possible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

GLOSSARY

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Our definitions of Class A industrial properties, Class B industrial properties, primary markets and secondary markets may vary from the definitions of these terms used by investors, analysts or other industrial REITs.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc., formerly known as Plymouth Opportunity REIT, Inc., is a Maryland corporation, formed on March 7, 2011. We are a full service, vertically integrated, self-administered and self-managed Maryland corporation focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of single-and multi-tenant Class B industrial properties, including distribution centers, warehouses and light industrial properties, primarily located in secondary and select primary markets across the Eastern half of the U.S. and Texas. We currently own and operate, or have an interest in, 21 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,350,000 rentable square feet. As of December 31, 2015, our current portfolio of owned and operated properties, or those which we have an interest in, was approximately 94.6% leased to 38 separate tenants across 17 industry types.

We previously engaged in a non-listed public offering of our common stock, which was terminated on May 6, 2014. We used the proceeds from the prior offering to acquire the investments in real estate joint ventures.

We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2012. As a REIT, we generally are not subject to U.S. federal taxes on our income to the extent we annually distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, to our stockholders and otherwise maintain our qualification as a REIT. We are structured as an UPREIT and will own substantially all of our assets and conduct substantially all of our business through our operating partnership. We are the sole general partner and own 100% of the interests in our operating partnership.

As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately $165 million outstanding under our senior secured loan agreement, bearing interest at a current pay rate equal to 7% per annum, coupled with accrued payment-in-kind features with respect to the remaining interest at varying rates. Accrued payment–in-kind interest was $11,800 and $1,504 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The loans are subject to a make-whole premium at the time of repayment. The borrowings under the senior secured loan are secured by first lien mortgages on all of the properties in the Existing Portfolio and pledges of equity interests in our operating partnership and its subsidiaries. Our obligations under the senior secured loan are also guaranteed by our company and each of our operating partnership’s wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The loans matured on February 29, 2016. As of February 9, 2016 the loan was transferred to a new entity, “Holder” and as of February 29, 2016 the Company and Holder entered into a forbearance agreement acknowledging the default under the loan for non-payment in full at maturity and providing for a forbearance of action through April 30, 2016. During this period the Company will seek to restructure the loan, obtain alternative debt, additional equity or other capital. There is no assurance, however, that those forms of capital or restructure will be available to us, or on terms acceptable to us.

We intend to continue to focus on the acquisition of industrial properties in secondary markets with net rentable square footage ranging between approximately 100 million and 300 million square feet, which we refer to as our target markets. We believe industrial properties in such target markets will provide superior and consistent cash flow returns at generally lower acquisition costs relative to industrial properties in primary markets. Further, we believe there is a greater potential for higher rates of appreciation in the value of industrial properties in our target markets relative to industrial properties in primary markets where we believe asset appreciation has already peaked in the years following the 2008-2009 recession.

We believe our target markets provide us with opportunities to acquire both stabilized properties generating favorable cash flows, as well as properties where we can enhance returns through value-add renovations and redevelopment. We focus primarily on the following investments:

We believe there are a significant number of attractive acquisition opportunities available to us in our target markets and that the fragmented and complex nature of our target markets generally make it difficult for less-experienced or less-focused investors to access comparable opportunities on a consistent basis.

We intend to source our acquisitions primarily through a combination of off-market and lightly marketed transactions, sale lease-backs and related transactions from illiquid owners and short sales and discounted note purchases from financial institutions. We expect to benefit from our management team’s extensive business and personal relationships and research-driven origination methods to generate investment opportunities, many of which may not be available to our competitors. Additionally, rental rates in our target markets continue to recover from their recessionary lows, and we believe these rates will increase over time.

Our Investment Strategy

Our primary objective is to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders through dividends and capital appreciation primarily through the acquisition of Class B industrial properties, including distribution centers, warehouses and light industrial properties. We generally define Class B industrial properties as industrial properties that are typically more than 15 years old, have clear heights between 18 and 26 feet and square footage between 50,000 and 500,000 square feet, with building systems that have adequate capacities to deliver the services currently needed by existing tenants, but may need upgrades for future tenants. In contrast, we define Class A industrial properties as industrial properties that typically are 15 years old or newer, have clear heights in excess of 26 feet and square footage in excess of 200,000 square feet, with energy efficient design characteristics suitable for current and future tenants.

We target Class B industrial properties, as compared to Class A industrial properties. The distinction between Class A industrial and Class B industrial properties is subjective. However, we consider Class A industrial properties and Class B industrial properties to have the following characteristics:

Our definitions of Class A industrial properties and Class B industrial properties may vary from the definitions of these terms used by investors, analysts or other industrial REITs.

In addition, we primarily target secondary markets, as compared to primary markets. The distinction between primary markets and secondary markets is subjective. However, we consider primary and secondary markets to be as follows:

Our definitions of primary and secondary markets may vary from the definitions of these terms used by investors, analysts and other industrial REITs, could include additional metropolitan statistical areas in addition to those named above and may change over time.

We will focus our acquisition activities on our core property types, which include warehouse/distribution facilities and light manufacturing facilities, because we believe they generate higher tenant retention rates and require lower tenant improvement and re-leasing costs. To a lesser extent, we will focus on flex/office facilities (light assembly and research and development).

According to CBRE, secondary industrial market areas have, on average, a high degree of fundamental stability in rents and occupancies.

According to a study published by CBRE, which examines the availability rates of industrial properties, the majority of industrial tenants are satisfied with their Class B industrial properties. While these Class B industrial properties usually have lower clear height, less cross-docked loading, less technology incorporated into building utilities and overall less functionality than Class A industrial properties, such building characteristics also result in lower building costs which result in lower rents when compared to Class A industrial properties. Thus, Class B industrial properties are priced for the industrial functionality they deliver, which tends to result in high tenant retention rates.

The CBRE study also revealed that older industrial buildings generally have higher occupancy rates than newer buildings. Specifically by decade of construction, buildings built in the 1980s had higher rates of occupancy than those built in the 1990s, with this trend continuing with buildings built in 2000 and thereafter. These statistics seem to refute the common misperception of diminished functionality and desirability of older Class B industrial properties.

Overall, we believe that the aforementioned factors impacting the supply and demand dynamic create a compelling case for the attractiveness and overall cost effectiveness of Class B industrial properties among a variety of tenants. Class B industrial property owners and operators generally benefit from low tenant rollover because of the properties’ locations and sufficient functionality. Tenants tend to benefit from lower rentals rates, while we believe investors can expect stable and predictable cash flows and lower volatility.

Regulation

General

Our properties are subject to various laws, ordinances and regulations, including regulations relating to common areas and fire and safety requirements. We believe that we have the necessary permits and approvals to operate each of our properties.

Americans with Disabilities Act

Our properties must comply with Title III of the ADA to the extent that such properties are “public accommodations” as defined under the ADA. Under the ADA, all public accommodations must meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The ADA may require removal of structural barriers to access by persons with disabilities in certain public areas of our properties where such removal is readily achievable. Although we believe that the properties in the Company Portfolio in the aggregate substantially comply with present requirements of the ADA, and we have not received any notice for correction from any regulatory agency, we have not conducted a comprehensive audit or investigation of all of our properties to determine whether we are in compliance and therefore we may own properties that are not in compliance with the ADA.

ADA compliance is dependent upon the tenant’s specific use of the property, and as the use of a property changes or improvements to existing spaces are made, we will take steps to ensure compliance. Noncompliance with the ADA could result in additional costs to attain compliance, imposition of fines by the U.S. government or an award of damages or attorney’s fees to private litigants. The obligation to make readily achievable accommodations is an ongoing one, and we will continue to assess our properties and to make alterations to achieve compliance as necessary.

Environmental Matters

The Company Portfolio is subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws. Under these laws, courts and government agencies have the authority to require us, as owner of a contaminated property, to clean up the property, even if we did not know of or were not responsible for the contamination. These laws also apply to persons who owned a property at the time it became contaminated, and therefore, it is possible we could incur these costs even after we sell some of the properties we acquire. In addition to the costs of cleanup, environmental contamination can affect the value of a property and, therefore, an owner’s ability to borrow using the property as collateral or to sell the property. Under applicable environmental laws, courts and government agencies also have the authority to require that a person who sent waste to a waste disposal facility, such as a landfill or an incinerator, pay for the clean-up of that facility if it becomes contaminated and threatens human health or the environment.

Furthermore, various court decisions have established that third parties may recover damages for injury caused by property contamination. For instance, a person exposed to asbestos at one of our properties may seek to recover damages if he or she suffers injury from the asbestos. Lastly, some of these environmental laws restrict the use of a property or place conditions on various activities. An example would be laws that require a business using chemicals to manage them carefully and to notify local officials that the chemicals are being used.

We could be responsible for any of the costs discussed above. The costs to clean up a contaminated property, to defend against a claim, or to comply with environmental laws could be material and could adversely affect the funds available for distribution to our stockholders. We usually require Phase I or similar environmental assessments by independent environmental consultants at the time of acquisition of a property. We generally expect to continue to obtain a Phase I or similar environmental site assessments by independent environmental consultants on each property prior to acquiring it. However, these environmental assessments may not reveal all environmental costs that might have a material adverse effect on our business, assets, results of operations or liquidity and may not identify all potential environmental liabilities.

We can make no assurances that (1) future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose material environmental liabilities on us, or (2) the current environmental condition of our properties will not be affected by tenants, the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of our properties (such as releases from underground storage tanks), or by third parties unrelated to us.

Insurance

We carry commercial general liability, fire, extended coverage and rental loss insurance covering all the properties under a blanket insurance policy. Our property insurance program provides coverage on a special “all risk” perils form for certain losses, including, but not limited to, losses caused by floods, earthquakes and certain acts of terrorism as defined by TRIA. We believe the policy specifications and insured limits are appropriate and adequate given the level of risk of loss, the cost of coverage and standard industry practice. However, our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to fully cover all of our losses.

Competition

In acquiring our properties, we compete with other public industrial property sector REITs, income oriented non-traded REITs, private real estate fund managers and local real estate investors and developers. The last named group, local real estate investors and developers, historically has represented our dominant competition for acquisition opportunities. Many of these entities have greater resources than us or other competitive advantages. We also face significant competition in leasing available properties to prospective tenants and in re-leasing space to existing tenants.

Our Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are located at 260 Franklin Street, Suite 1900, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. Our telephone number is (617) 340-3814. Our website is www.plymouthreit.com.We electronically file our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Access to those reports and other filings with the SEC may be obtained, free of charge from our website, www.plymouthreit.com or through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These reports are available as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed or furnished to the SEC.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risk factors have been omitted as permitted under rules applicable to smaller reporting companies.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The following table provides certain information with respect to the Existing Portfolio as of December 31, 2015. Through wholly-owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership we own 100% fee simple ownership in twenty properties and a 50.3% interest in one additional industrial property in the Existing Portfolio.

Existing Portfolio

_______________

Description of Existing Portfolio

Plymouth Industrial REIT Industrial Portfolio is comprised of 20 fully owned and one 50.3% interest in distribution warehouse, light manufacturing and flex properties totaling 4,353,065 square feet, based on proportionate ownership share. The portfolio is leased to 37 tenants under 38 leases, detailed in the chart below. The buildings were built between 1959 and 2004.

Average lease term of the in place leases is 4.2 years as of December 31, 2015.

Joint venture Investments

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, through our Operating Partnership, we indirectly owned, a 50.3% equity interest in one entity, that owns a warehouse facility. In addition, as of December 31, 2014 we indirectly owned, through our Operating Partnership a 51.5% interest in an entity that owned a multi-family property consisting of 270 units. The multi-family property was sold in 2015 and the investment liquidated.

On October 1, 2013, the Company through our Operating Partnership, completed a $3.5 million investment in TCG 5400 FIB LP (“5400 FIB”), which owns a warehouse facility (the “Property”) in Atlanta, Georgia containing 682,750 rentable square feet of space. The initial purchase price of the Property was $21.9 million which included $15.0 million of secured debt. At the time of the investment, the Property was 100% leased. On November 15, 2013, the Company, through our Operating Partnership, completed an additional $400,000 equity investment in 5400 FIB and increased its investment to $3.9 million resulting in a 50.3% equity interest.

The Company funded the purchase price of these investments with proceeds from its original Public Offering.

During the first quarter of 2015 we entered into agreements to acquire a portfolio of properties totaling an aggregate of approximately 1,895,839 square feet leased to 14 tenants for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $79.5 million. The acquisition of this portfolio was to be funded with proceeds from debt financings and the issuance of additional equity. The acquisitions did not occur as due to market conditions the Company, in September 2015, elected to postpone its Initial Public Offering as set forth in the S-11 Registration Statement filed June 14, 2014 as amended most recently February 5, 2015.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the normal course of business we could become party to legal actions and proceedings involving matters that are generally incidental to our business. In management’s opinion, the resolution of any such legal actions and proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.

There are no legal proceedings at this time.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Stockholder Information

As of March 15, 2016, we had 1,327,859 shares of common stock outstanding held by a total of 187 stockholders. The number of stockholders is based on the records of ACS Securities Services, which serves as our transfer agent.

Market Information

No public market currently exists for our shares of common stock. Until our shares are listed, our stockholders may not sell their shares unless the buyer meets the applicable suitability and minimum purchase requirements. In addition, our charter prohibits the ownership of more than 9.8% of our stock, unless exempted by our board of directors. Consequently, there is the risk that our stockholders may not be able to sell their shares at a time or price acceptable to them.

Distribution Information

We have not paid or declared any cash dividends as of December 31, 2015. We made quarterly distributions in shares of our common stock beginning with the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2012 through the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2014. Our ability to make cash distributions in the future will depend on our actual results of operations and earnings, economic conditions and other factors that could differ materially from our current expectations. Our actual results of operations will be affected by a number of factors, including the revenue we receive from the Company Portfolio, our operating expenses, interest expense, the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations and unanticipated expenditures.

In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders, on an annual basis, at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. In addition, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income (including net capital gains) and will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount by which our distributions in any calendar year are less than a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws. We intend to distribute our net income to our stockholders in a manner intended to satisfy the REIT 90% distribution requirement and to avoid U.S. federal income tax liability on our income and the 4% nondeductible excise tax. We anticipate that our estimated cash available for distribution will exceed the annual distribution requirements applicable to REITs. However, under some circumstances, we may be required to use cash reserves, incur debt or liquidate assets at rates or times that we regard as unfavorable or make a taxable distribution of our shares in order to satisfy the REIT 90% distribution requirement and to avoid U.S. federal income tax and the 4% nondeductible excise tax in that year.

Furthermore, we anticipate that, at least initially, our distributions will exceed our then-current and then-accumulated earnings and profits for the relevant taxable year, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, due to non-cash expenses, primarily depreciation and amortization charges that we expect to incur. Therefore, all or a portion of these distributions may represent a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The extent to which our distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits may vary substantially from year to year. To the extent that a distribution is treated as a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will reduce a holder’s adjusted tax basis in the holder’s shares and to the extent that it exceeds the holder’s adjusted tax basis will be treated as gain resulting from a sale or exchange of such shares.

Use of Proceeds from Sales of Registered Securities and Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

From November 1, 2011 until May 6, 2014, we offered and sold certain shares of our common stock to investors meeting certain suitability requirements pursuant to its previous registration statement filed with the SEC (file no. 333-173048) (the “Offering”). Certain shares were offered to investors in the Offering at a price of $10.00 per share (with discounts available to certain categories of purchasers), and certain shares were offered in the Offering to participants in the distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. We terminated the Offering and our distribution reinvestment plan and share redemption plan effective as of May 6, 2014.

From the commencement of the Offering through December 31, 2014, we incurred selling commissions, dealer manager fees and other organization and offering costs related to the prior initial public offering in the amounts set forth below. We paid selling commissions and dealer manager fees to our former affiliate Plymouth Real Estate Capital, LLC, or the Dealer Manager. No expenses were incurred in 2015.

Our former sponsor, Plymouth Group Real Estate, LLC, (“Sponsor”) incurred approximately $2,338,996 of costs on our behalf, which were repaid as of December 31, 2014. There were no expenses incurred in 2015.

Prior to May 6, 2014, we retained Plymouth Real Estate Investors, Inc., or the Advisor, to serve as our advisor. The Advisor was responsible for managing, operating, directing and supervising the operations and administration of our company and our assets. We retained the Dealer Manager, a member of FINRA, to act as the exclusive dealer manager for the Offering. The Advisor and the Dealer Manager were affiliates of the Sponsor. Our agreements with the Advisor and the Dealer Manager were terminated as of May 6, 2014.

In connection with our organization, on March 11, 2011, we issued 20,000 shares of our common stock to our Sponsor at a purchase price of $10.00 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $200,000. We issued these shares in a private transaction exempt from the registration requirements pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

In conjunction with the termination of the Offering, our board of directors also voted to terminate our distribution reinvestment plan and our share redemption plan effective May 6, 2014.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide information under this item.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is based on, and should be read in conjunction with our audited historical financial statements and related notes thereto as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Overview

We are a full service, vertically integrated, self-administered and self-managed REIT focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of single- and multi-tenant Class B industrial properties, including distribution centers, warehouses and light industrial properties.

Our strategy is to invest in single and multi-tenant Class B industrial properties located primarily in secondary markets across the Eastern half of the U.S. and Texas; however, we may make opportunistic acquisitions of Class A industrial properties or industrial properties located in primary markets. We seek to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders through a combination of stable and increasing distributions and potential long-term appreciation in the value of our properties and our common stock.

As of December 31, 2015, we owned and operated, or had an interest in, 21 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,350,000 rentable square feet, which we refer to as the Company Portfolio. As of December 31, 2015, our portfolio of owned and operated properties, or those which we have an interest in, was approximately 94.6% leased to 37 separate tenants under 38 leases, across 17 industry types with a weighted average remaining lease term of 4.2 years. Approximately 88.7% of the annualized base rent payments from the Company Portfolio as of December 31, 2015 was from triple-net leases, pursuant to which the tenants are responsible for all operating expenses relating to the property, including, without limitation, real estate taxes, utilities, property insurance, routine maintenance and repairs and property management. We expect this lease structure will insulate us from increases in certain operating expenses and provide more predictable cash flow. Our triple-net leases are structured to generate attractive returns on a long-term basis. The leases typically have initial terms of three to ten years and generally include annual rent escalators. Therefore, our operating results will depend significantly upon the ability of our tenants to make required rental payments. We believe that the Company Portfolio will enable us to generate stable cash flows over time because of the staggered lease expiration schedule, the long-term leases and the low historical occurrence of tenants defaulting under their leases. As of December 31, 2015, leases of the Company Portfolio representing 4.8%, 12.7% and 9.6% of leasable square feet will expire in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.

Factors That May Influence Future Results of Operations

Business and Strategy

Our core investment strategy is to acquire primarily Class B industrial properties predominantly in larger secondary markets across the Eastern U.S. and Texas. We expect to acquire these properties through third-party purchases and structured sale-leasebacks where we believe we can achieve high initial yields and strong ongoing cash-on-cash returns. In addition, we may make opportunistic acquisitions of Class A industrial properties or industrial properties in primary markets that offer similar return characteristics.

Our target markets are comprised primarily of larger secondary markets because we believe these markets tend to have less occupancy and rental rate volatility and less buyer competition relative to primary markets. We also believe that the systematic aggregation of such properties will result in a diversified portfolio that will produce sustainable risk-adjusted returns. Future results of operations may be affected, either positively or negatively, by our ability to effectively execute this strategy.

Rental Revenue and Tenant Recoveries

We receive income primarily from rental revenue from our properties. The amount of rental revenue generated by the Company Portfolio depends principally on the occupancy levels and lease rates at our properties, our ability to lease currently available space and space that becomes available as a result of lease expirations and on the rental rates at our properties.

Occupancy Rates.    As of December 31, 2015, the Company Portfolio was approximately 94.6% occupied. Our occupancy rate is impacted by general market conditions in the geographic areas in which our properties are located and the financial condition of tenants in our target markets.

Rental Rates.    We believe that rental rates for Class B industrial properties in our markets continue to recover from the 2008 financial crisis and subsequent economic recession, and accordingly we expect potential increases in lease rates upon renewal of upcoming lease expirations as market conditions continue to improve.

Future economic downturns affecting our markets could impair our ability to renew or re-lease space, and adverse developments that affect the ability of our tenants to fulfill their lease obligations, such as tenant bankruptcies, could adversely affect our ability to maintain or increase occupancy or rental rates at our properties. Adverse developments or trends in one or more of these factors could adversely affect our rental revenue in future periods.

Scheduled Lease Expirations

Our ability to re-lease space subject to expiring leases will impact our results of operations and is affected by economic and competitive conditions in our markets and by the desirability of our individual properties. The leases of the Company Portfolio scheduled to expire during the year December 31, 2016 represent approximately 5.7% of the total annualized rent for the Company Portfolio, which we believe is a stable revenue base. In the year ending December 31, 2017 through the year ending December 31, 2019, an aggregate of 46.5% of the annualized base rent leases in the Company Portfolio are scheduled to expire, which we believe will provide us an opportunity to adjust below market rates as market conditions continue to improve.

Conditions in Our Markets

The Company Portfolio is located primarily in various secondary markets in the Eastern half of the U.S. Positive or negative changes in economic or other conditions, adverse weather conditions and natural disasters in these markets are likely to affect our overall performance.

Property Expenses

Our property expenses will generally consist of utilities, real estate taxes, insurance and site repair and maintenance costs. For the majority of the Company Portfolio, rental expenses are controlled, in part, by either the triple net provisions or modified gross lease expense reimbursement provisions in tenant leases. However, the terms of our tenant leases vary and in some instances the leases may provide that we are responsible for certain rental expenses. Accordingly, our overall financial results will be impacted by the extent to which we are able to pass-through rental expenses to our tenants.

General and Administrative Expenses

We expect general and administrative expenses, including legal, accounting and other expenses related to corporate governance, public reporting and compliance with various provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to remain stable with moderate increases as additional properties are acquired.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our Company’s historical financial condition and results of operations are based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses in the reporting period.

We believe our most critical accounting policies are accounting for purchase price allocation in accordance with ASC 805-10 “Business Combinations,” the regular evaluation of whether the value of a real estate asset has been impaired and accounting for joint ventures. Each of these items involves estimates that require management to make judgments that are subjective in nature. We rely on independent third party experts, collected historical data and current market data, and our experience to analyze these assumptions in order to arrive at what we believe to be reasonable estimates. Under different conditions or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported related to the accounting policies described below. In addition, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment on the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could materially differ from these estimates.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management makes significant estimates regarding impairments. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions. Management adjusts such estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Cash

We maintain our cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. As of December 31, 2015, we had not realized any losses in such cash accounts and believe that we are not exposed to any significant risk of loss.

Income Taxes

We elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2012 and we believe that our organization and method of operation enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT. We had no taxable income prior to electing REIT status. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on income that we distribute as dividends to our stockholders. If we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT in any tax year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost, unless we are able to obtain relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially and adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The statute of limitations for the Company’s income tax returns is generally three years and as such, the Company’s returns that remain subject to examination would be primarily from 2012 and thereafter.

Investments in Real Estate

We generally acquire individual properties, and, in some instances, a portfolio of properties. When we acquire individual operating properties with the intention to hold the investment for the long-term, we allocate the purchase price to the various components of the acquisition based upon the fair value of each component. The components typically include land, building, intangible assets related to above and below market leases, value of costs to obtain tenants, and other assumed assets and liabilities. We consider Level 3 inputs such as the replacement cost of such assets, appraisals, property condition reports, comparable market rental data and other related information in determining the fair value of the tangible assets. The recorded fair value of intangible lease assets or liabilities includes Level 3 inputs including the value associated with leasing commissions, legal and other costs, as well as the estimated period necessary to lease such property and lease commencement. An intangible asset or liability resulting from in-place leases that are above or below the market rental rates are valued based upon our estimates of prevailing market rates for similar leases. Intangible lease assets or liabilities are amortized over the estimated, reasonably assured lease term of the remaining in-place leases as an adjustment to “Rental revenues” or “Real estate related depreciation and amortization” depending on the nature of the intangible. The valuation of assumed liabilities is based on our estimate of the current market rates for similar liabilities in effect at the acquisition date.

In an acquisition of multiple properties, we must also allocate the purchase price among the properties. The allocation of the purchase price is based on our assessment of estimated fair value and often is based upon the expected future cash flows of the property and various characteristics of the markets where the property is located. The fair value may include an enterprise value premium that we estimate a third party would be willing to pay for a portfolio of properties. The initial allocation of the purchase price is based on management’s preliminary assessment, which may differ when final information becomes available. Subsequent adjustments made to the initial purchase price allocation are made within the allocation period, which typically does not exceed one year.

Capitalization of Costs and Depreciation and Amortization

We capitalize costs incurred in developing, renovating, rehabilitating and improving real estate assets as part of the investment basis. Costs incurred in making repairs and maintaining real estate assets are expensed as incurred.

Real estate, including land, building and land improvements, tenant improvements, leasing costs and intangible lease assets and liabilities are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization, unless circumstances indicate that the cost cannot be recovered, in which case, the carrying value of the property is reduced to estimated fair value as discussed below in our policy with regards to impairment of long-lived assets. We estimate the depreciable portion of our real estate assets and related useful lives in order to record depreciation expense. Our ability to estimate the depreciable portions of our real estate assets and useful lives is critical to the determination of the appropriate amount of depreciation and amortization expense recorded and the carrying value of the underlying assets. Any change to the assets to be depreciated and the estimated depreciable lives of these assets would have an impact on the depreciation expense recognized.

As discussed above in investments in real estate, in connection with property acquisitions, we may acquire leases with rental rates above or below the market rental rates. Such differences are recorded as an intangible lease asset or liability and amortized to “Rental revenues” over the reasonably assured term of the related leases. The unamortized balances of these assets and liabilities associated with the early termination of leases are fully amortized to rental revenues in our consolidated financial statements over the shorter of the expected life of such assets and liabilities or the remaining lease term.

Our estimate of the useful life of our assets is evaluated upon acquisition and when circumstances indicate a change in the useful life, which requires significant judgment regarding the economic obsolescence of tangible and intangible assets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We assess the carrying values of our respective long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of these assets may not be fully recoverable.

Recoverability of real estate assets is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows. In order to review our real estate assets for recoverability, we consider current market conditions, as well as our intent with respect to holding or disposing of the asset. Our intent with regard to the underlying assets might change as market conditions change, as well as other factors. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, applying a capitalization rate to estimated net operating income of a property and quoted market values and third-party appraisals, where considered necessary. If our analysis indicates that the carrying value of the real estate asset is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, we recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the current estimated fair value of the real estate property.

Consolidation

We consolidate all entities that are wholly owned and those in which we own less than 100% but control, as well as any variable interest entities in which we are the primary beneficiary. We evaluate our ability to control an entity and whether the entity is a variable interest entity and we are the primary beneficiary through consideration of the substantive terms of the arrangement to identify which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impacts the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. Investments in entities in which we do not control but over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies are presented under the equity method. Investments in entities that we do not control and over which we do not exercise significant influence are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, as appropriate. Our ability to correctly assess our influence and/or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our consolidated financial statements.

Components of our Results of Operations

The following is a description of the significant components of our consolidated income statements:

Revenues

Rental revenue is generated from tenants in accordance with lease provisions over the lease term. Prior to October 28, 2014, we did not have rental income from properties.

Equity Investment Income (Loss)

Equity investment income (loss) represents our proportional share of net income or loss as determined under GAAP in our investments in real estate limited partnerships or other entities. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, through our Operating Partnership, we indirectly owned a 50.3% equity interest in one entity, that owns a warehouse facility. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, we indirectly owned through our Operating Partnership a 51.5% interest in an entity that owned a multi-family property consisting of 270 units. The multi-family property was sold in 2015 and the investment liquidated. The company recognized a gain on disposition of this equity investment of $1,380.

Property Costs

Property costs represent the cost of operating the properties and include such costs as real estate taxes, utilities, and common area maintenance.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries for our executives and our finance, legal, human resources and other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include outside consulting, legal and accounting services, and facilities and other Company overhead costs.

Acquisition Expenses

Acquisition costs represent the legal, accounting, diligence and valuation fees in connection with the acquisition of properties.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation of buildings and other improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated remaining useful lives of the acquired assets, which generally range from 11 to 34 years for buildings and 3 to 13 years for site improvements. Building improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repair expenses are charged to expense as incurred. Significant renovations and improvements that improve or extend the useful life of the assets are capitalized.

Deferred Lease Intangible assets consist of leases in place, leasing commissions, tenant relationships, and above market leases. Deferred Lease Intangible liabilities represent below market leases. These intangibles have been recorded at their fair market value in connection with the acquisition of properties in 2014. Intangible assets are generally amortized over the remaining life of the related leases excluding renewal options, except in the case of below market fixed rate rent amounts, which are amortized over the applicable renewal period.

Offering Costs 

Effective June 16, 2014, the Company filed an S-11 registration with the SEC for the issuance of securities issued by real estate companies to raise funds in the public market on the New York Stock Exchange, and subsequently amendments thereto, the most recent filed as of February 5, 2015. During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, we elected to postpone the offering until market conditions improve. Accordingly, deferred offering costs of $938 were expensed in the year ended December 31, 2015.

Interest Expense

Interest expense represents the cost of amounts borrowed under our senior secured loan, including current pay rate interest, payment in kind (PIK) interest at a weighted average rate of approximately 5.0% due at maturity, amortization of $20,000 original issue discount, a make whole payment payable at maturity, fees incurred in the placement of the debt and fees paid related to extension and modification of maturity date.

Results of Operations

Discussion of Year Ended December 31, 2015 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014 (all amounts in thousands except share and per share amounts):

Except where specifically noted the year over year change in operations to December 31, 2015 is due to the full year of operations of the 20 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,000,000 rentable square feet acquired during the fourth quarter of 2014.

Rental Revenue: Rental revenue increased by approximately $16,626 to approximately $19,290 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Equity Investment Income (Loss): We recognized income on our investment in joint ventures of approximately $175 in 2014 due to the performance of the properties. In 2015, we recognized a loss in the amount of approximately $(85).

Property Expenses: Property expenses increased by approximately $5,147 to approximately $5,751 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Depreciation and Amortization: Depreciation and amortization expense increased by approximately $10,494 to approximately $12,136 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

General and Administrative: General and administrative expenses increased approximately $1,386 from $3,302 for the year ended December 31, 2014 to $4,688 for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase is attributable primarily to compensation, and non-deferred professional fees.

Acquisition Expenses: Acquisition expenses decreased by approximately $1,712 to approximately $1,061 for the year ended December 31, 2015. Acquisition expenses in 2015 primarily consist of costs related to acquisitions we decided not to pursue. Acquistion expenses for the year ended December 31, 2014 were primarily related to costs of completed acquisitions.

Offering Costs: Effective June 16, 2014, the Company filed an S-11 registration with the SEC for the issuance of securities issued by real estate companies to raise funds in the publicly traded market on the New York Stock Exchange, and subsequently, amendments thereto, the most recent filed as of February 5, 2015. During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, we elected to postpone the offering until market conditions improve. Accordingly, deferred offering costs of $938 were expensed in the year ended December 31, 2015.

Interest Expense: Interest expense increased by approximately $31,397 to $44,676 for the year ended December 31, 2015 due to the senior secured loan obtained in October, 2014. The components of interest for the year ended December 31, 2015 are: the current pay rate interest of 7% of $12,148, payment in kind (PIK) interest at weighted average rate of approximately 5% due at maturity of $10,296, amortization of $20,000 discount of $12,877, a make whole payment payable at maturity of $6,429, and amortization of financing fees of $2,926.

Gain on disposition of equity investment: Gain on disposition of equity investment of $1,380 and $332 for the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, represents amounts received in excess of our basis for equity investments in real estate liquidated in 2015 and 2014.

Net loss: Our net loss increased from approximately $18,429 for the year ended December 31, 2014 to approximately $48,665 for the year ended December 31, 2015 following a full year of operation for the 20 industrial properties acquired during the fourth quarter of 2014, and interest expense incurred to fund the acquisitions and working capital.

Net Operating Income : Net operating income increased from $2,060 for the year ended December 31, 2014 to approximately $13,539 for the year ended December 31, 2015.

EBITDA: EBITDA of approximately $8,147 for the year ended December 31, 2015 was due to a full year of operating results of 20 industrial properties less general and administrative expenses, acquisition costs and offering expenses. The EBITDA loss of approximately $3,508 for the year ended December 31, 2014 was due primarily to the acquisition costs related to the acquisition of 20 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,000,000 rentable square feet during the fourth quarter of 2014 and general and administrative expenses.

FFO: FFO increased from a loss of approximately $16,052 for the year ended December 31, 2014 to a loss of approximately $36,546 for the year ended December 31, 2015 due primarily to interest expense associated with the senior secured loan.

AFFO: AFFO increased from a loss of approximately $11,795 for the year ended December 31, 2014 to a loss of approximately $33,272 for the year ended December 31, 2015 due primarily to the interest expense associated with the senior secured loan.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We disclose NOI, EBITDA, FFO and AFFO, each of which meet the definition of “non-GAAP financial measure” set forth in Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC. As a result we are required to include in this Annual Report on Form 10-K a statement of why management believes that presentation of these measures provides useful information to investors.

None of NOI, EBITDA, FFO or AFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP) as an indication of our performance, and we believe that to understand our performance further NOI, EBITDA, FFO, and AFFO should be compared with our reported net income or net loss and considered in addition to cash flows in accordance with GAAP, as presented in our consolidated financial statements.

NOI

We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental measure to net income because it helps both investors and management understand the core operations of our properties. We define NOI as total revenue (including rental revenue, tenant reimbursements, management, leasing and development services revenue and other income) less property-level operating expenses including allocated overhead. NOI excludes depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, impairments, gain/loss on sale of real estate, interest expense, acquisition costs and other non-operating items.

The following is the reconciliation from reported net loss for the periods presented, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to NOI:

Net operating income consists of the following:

EBITDA

We believe that EBITDA, defined as Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization, is helpful to investors as a supplemental measure of our operating performance as a real estate company because it is a direct measure of the actual operating results of our industrial properties. We also use this measure in ratios to compare our performance to that of our industry peers. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of our EBITDA for the periods presented:

FFO

Funds from operations, or FFO, is a non-GAAP financial measure that is widely recognized as a measure of REIT operating performance. We consider FFO to be an appropriate supplemental measure of our operating performance as it is based on a net income analysis of property portfolio performance that excludes non-cash items such as depreciation. The historical accounting convention used for real estate assets requires straight-line depreciation of buildings and improvements, which implies that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since real estate values rise and fall with market conditions, presentations of operating results for a REIT, using historical accounting for depreciation, could be less informative. We define FFO, consistent with the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, definition, as net income, computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains (or losses) from sales of property, depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, impairment losses and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures will be calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. Other equity REITs may not calculate FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition as we do, and, accordingly, our FFO may not be comparable to such other REITs’ FFO. FFO should not be used as a measure of our liquidity, and is not indicative of funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of our net income, the nearest GAAP equivalent to FFO, for the periods presented:

AFFO

Adjusted funds from operations, or AFFO, is presented in addition to FFO calculated in accordance the standards set forth by NAREIT. AFFO is defined as FFO, excluding acquisition and transaction related costs as well as certain other costs that we consider to be non-recurring. The purchase of properties, and the corresponding expenses associated with that process, is a key operational feature of our business plan to generate operational income and cash flows in order to make distributions to investors. In evaluating investments in real estate, we differentiate the costs to acquire the investment from the operations derived from the investment. By excluding expensed acquisition and transaction related costs as well as other non-recurring costs, we believe AFFO provides a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance because it provides a consistent comparison of our operating performance across time periods that is comparable for each type of real estate investment and is consistent with management’s analysis of the operating performance of our properties.

AFFO further adjusts FFO for certain other non-cash items, including the amortization or accretion of above or below market rents included in revenues, straight line rent adjustments, impairment losses and non-cash equity compensation. As with FFO, our reported AFFO may not be comparable to other REITs’ AFFO, should not be used as a measure of our liquidity, and is not indicative of our funds available for our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of our FFO to AFFO for the periods presented:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We derived the capital required to purchase and originate our real estate-related investments and conduct our operations from the proceeds of our prior Offering, from secured or unsecured financings from banks and other lenders and from any undistributed funds from our operations. On October 28, 2014, we entered into a senior secured loan agreement with third party investment entities. The senior secured loan provides for secured loans in an aggregate amount up to $192,000, with cash funding through December 31, 2014 in the amount of $165,000 and $20,000 of original issue discount. Our operating partnership used $155,000 of the net proceeds of the funding to acquire 20 industrial properties in 2014 totaling four million square feet, and additional net proceeds were utilized to repay existing indebtedness (our secured working capital loan), to pay fees and expenses and for working capital purposes.

The loans under the senior secured loan bear interest at a current pay rate equal to 7% per annum, coupled with payment-in-kind features with respect to the remaining interest at varying rates. The loans are subject to a make-whole premium at the time of repayment. The borrowings under the senior secured loan agreement are secured by first lien mortgages on all of the properties in the Existing Portfolio and pledges of equity interests in our operating partnership and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our operating partnership’s obligations under the senior secured loan agreement are also guaranteed by the company and each of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries.

The senior secured loan contains customary representations and warranties, as well as affirmative and negative covenants. The negative covenants include restrictions on additional indebtedness, restrictions on liens, fundamental changes, dispositions, restricted payments, change in nature of business, transactions with affiliates and burdensome agreements. The senior secured loan contains financial covenants that require the maintenance of a fixed charge coverage ratio as of the last day of any fiscal quarter of 1.1 to 1.0 and an annual amount of net operating income, $12,200. The senior secured loan agreement is subject to acceleration upon certain specified events of defaults, including breaches of representations or covenants, failure to pay other material indebtedness, failure to pay taxes or a change of control of the company as defined in the senior secured loan agreement. As of December 31, 2015 we were in compliance with all covenants under the senior secured loan. As of December 31, 2015, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $73,519 and had limited amounts of available liquidity evidenced by our cash position of $698. The Company continues to maintain arrangements with certain of its vendors to limit future expenses related to certain professional services.

Our ability to meet our working capital needs and repay our borrowings under our senior secured loan agreement is dependent on our ability to secure additional debt financing or issue additional equity or restructure the existing senior loan. There is no assurance, however, that those forms of capital will be available to us, or on terms acceptable to us. In the event, those sources of capital are not available to us, we would seek an extension on the maturity of our senior secured loan agreement, although there can be no assurance that such an extension would be provided or provided on terms acceptable to us. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We intend to make reserve allocations as necessary to aid our objective of preserving capital for our investors by supporting the maintenance and viability of properties we acquire in the future. If reserves and any other available income become insufficient to cover our operating expenses and liabilities, it may be necessary to obtain additional funds by borrowing, refinancing properties or liquidating our investments.

Our principal demands for cash are for acquisition costs, including the purchase price of the assets we acquire, improvement costs, the payment of our operating and administrative expenses and distributions to our stockholders. Generally, we will fund our planned acquisitions from additional debt financing or issue additional equity. We intend to acquire our assets with cash and mortgage or other debt, but we also may acquire assets free and clear of permanent mortgage or other indebtedness by paying the entire purchase price for the asset in cash or in units issued by our Operating Partnership.

The loans matured on February 29, 2016. As of February 9, 2016 the loan was transferred to a new entity, “Holder”. On February 29, 2016 the Company and Holder entered into a forbearance agreement acknowledging the default under the loan for non-payment of the loan in full at maturity and providing for a forbearance of action as a result of the default, through April 30, 2016. During this period the Company will seek to restructure the loan, obtain alternative debt, additional equity or other capital. There is no assurance, however, that those forms of capital or restructure will be available to us, or on terms acceptable to us.

In summary, our cash flows were:

Operating Activities: Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $4,351 during the year ended December 31, 2015 and $5,305 during the year ended December 31, 2014. In 2014, we acquired 20 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,000,000 rentable square feet during the fourth quarter of 2014. Our net loss increased significantly from $18,429 in 2014, to $48,665 in 2015, due to a full year of interest expense, however, cash used in operating activities decreased approximately $954 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to reduced acquisition costs of approximately $1,712. The 2015 and 2014 loss included approximately $32,528 and $11,293 of non-cash interest charges, respectively, and approximately $13,180 and $1,587 of depreciation and amortization expense, respectively. The Company also experienced an increase of approximately $463 of accrued expenses compared to an increase of approximately $1,312 in 2014.

Investing Activities: Investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 are comprised primarily of funds provided from the disposition of the investment in real estate joint ventures. Investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 were due primarily to the acquisition of 20 industrial properties located in seven states with an aggregate of approximately 4,000,000 rentable square feet for approximately $154,003, during the fourth quarter of 2014.

Financing Activities: For the year ended December 31, 2015, we incurred financing fees related to the respective Senior Loan maturity date extensions of $1,095 and offering costs of $450. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we borrowed approximately $165,000 under our Senior Loan, initially due April 28, 2015, which has been renewed through February 29, 2016.

Effective June 16, 2014, the Company filed an S-11 registration with the SEC for the issuance of securities issued by real estate companies to raise funds in the publicly traded market on the New York Stock Exchange, and subsequently, amendments thereto, the most recent filed as of February 5, 2015. During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, we elected to postpone the offering until market conditions improve. Accordingly, deferred offering costs of $938 were expensed in the year ended December 31, 2015.

At December 31, 2015, the Company had cash of $698 with obligations outstanding under the senior secured loan, and no obligations to fund capital in the existing investments.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements (as that term is defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K) as of December 31, 2015 that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The Company has evaluated all ASUs released by the FASB through the date the financial statements were issued and determined that the following ASU applies to the Company.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going concern uncertainties in the financial statements. The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued.  An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions or events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The standard applies to all entities and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted.  The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-15 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810) to address financial reporting consolidations for the evaluation as to the requirement to consolidate certain legal entities. ASU 2015–02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2015-02.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03 Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) as part of the initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The update requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2015-03, and if early adoption is appropriate in future reporting periods.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires that a lessee recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from operating leases. A lessee should recognize in the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach.  ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The information required by this Item 8 is hereby incorporated by reference to our Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Form 10-K.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a)  Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the forms and rules of the SEC and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the CEO, in a manner to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

In connection with the preparation of this Form 10-K, our management, including the CEO, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2015. As described below, management identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, which is an integral component of our disclosure controls and procedures. As a result our management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.

(b)  Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). The term “internal control over financial reporting” is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the registrant’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the registrant’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

Our internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. In addition, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal control may vary over time.

The Company is a non-accelerated filer and is not subject to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes Oxley Act. Accordingly, this Annual Report does not contain an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting, since the rules for smaller reporting companies provide for this exemption.

As of December 31, 2015, management has not completed a proper evaluation, risk assessment and monitoring of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting based on the 2013 Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) framework. Management concluded that, during the period covered by this report, that our internal controls and procedures were not effective.

The specific material weaknesses that management identified in our internal controls as of December 31, 2015 is as follows:

(c)  Remediation

In order to remediate this deficiency, the Company, as resources become available, plans to undertake a full review and evaluation of key processes, procedures and completion of documentation that can be monitored and tested independently.

If the remedial measures described above are insufficient to address the identified material weaknesses or are not implemented effectively, or additional deficiencies arise in the future, material misstatements in our interim or annual financial statements may occur in the future. Among other things, any unremediated material weaknesses could result in material post-closing adjustments in future financial statements.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting or in other factors during the quarter ended December 31, 2015, that have materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information with respect to this Item 10 is incorporated by reference from our proxy statement, which we intend to file on or before April 30, 2016, in connection with our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information with respect to this Item 11 is incorporated by reference from our proxy statement, which we intend to file on or before April 30, 2016, in connection with our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS

Information with respect to this Item 12 is incorporated by reference from our proxy statement, which we intend to file on or before April 30, 2016, in connection with our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information with respect to this Item 13 is incorporated by reference from our proxy statement, which we intend to file on or before April 30, 2016, in connection with our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND EXPENSES

Information with respect to this Item 14 is incorporated by reference from our proxy statement, which we intend to file on or before April 30, 2016, in connection with our 2016 annual meeting of stockholders.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)  Financial Statements

See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth on page F-1 of this Form 10-K as filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(b)  Financial Statement Schedule

Financial Statement Schedule III as listed in the accompanying Index to Consolidated Financial Statements is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(c) Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

EXHIBIT LIST

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Audit Committee of the

Board of Directors and Shareholders

of Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated income statements, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule on Page F-19. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc. and Subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company’s recurring losses from operations, stockholder’s deficit, and debt obligations raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans concerning these matters are also discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum llp

Needham, Massachusetts
March 30, 2016

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

PLYMOUTH INDUSTRIAL REIT, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(1)  Business and Liquidity

Business

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc., formerly known as Plymouth Opportunity REIT, Inc., is a Maryland corporation formed on March 7, 2011. The Company is a full service, vertically integrated, self-administered and self-managed organization. The Company is focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of single and multi-tenant Class B industrial properties, including distribution centers, warehouses and light industrial properties, primarily located in secondary and select primary markets across the Eastern half of the U.S. and Texas. Prior to May 6, 2014, the Company had retained Plymouth Real Estate Investors, Inc. (the “Advisor”), an affiliate of Plymouth Group Real Estate, LLC (the “Sponsor”), to serve as its advisor for managing, operating, directing and supervising the operations and administration of the Company and its assets. The advisory agreement was terminated on May 6, 2014.

All references to “the Company” refer to Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc. and its subsidiaries, collectively, unless the context otherwise requires.  Our subsidiaries consist principally of our Operating Partnership, a wholly owned subsidiary, Plymouth Industrial OP, LP (the “Operating Partnership”), and special purpose wholly-owned subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership for each of the acquired properties discussed in Note 3.

The Company has operated in a manner that will allow it to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. The Company filed its initial Form 1120-REIT as its tax return for the tax year ended December 31, 2012. The Company utilizes an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of its properties and securities through an Operating Partnership.

Liquidity and Going Concern

As of December 31, 2015, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $73,519 and had limited amounts of available liquidity evidenced by our cash position of $698. The Company continues to maintain arrangements with certain of its vendors to limit future expenses related to certain professional services.

The Company derives the capital required to purchase and originate real estate-related investments and conduct our operations from the proceeds of our prior offering, from secured financings from banks and other lenders and from any undistributed funds from our operations. On October 28, 2014, the Company entered into a loan agreement (the “Senior Loan”) with third party investment entities. The Senior Loan as described in Note (8) provided for secured loans in an aggregate amount up to $192,000, with cash funding amounts through December 31, 2015 of $165,000 and $20,000 of original issue discount. The Company used $155,000 of the net proceeds to acquire 20 industrial properties totaling approximately four million square feet, and additional net proceeds were utilized to repay existing indebtedness (the secured working capital loan), to pay fees and expenses and for working capital purposes.

The Senior Loan bears interest at a current pay rate equal to 7% per annum, coupled with payment-in-kind features with respect to the remaining interest at varying rates. The loans initially matured on April 28, 2015, and have been extended to February 29, 2016. The Company’s obligations under the Senior Loan are also guaranteed by Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc. and each of our Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries.

As of February 9, 2016 the loan was transferred to a new entity, “Holder” and as of February 29, 2016 the Company was unable to pay the full amount of the loans due. The Company and Holder entered into a forbearance agreement acknowledging the default under the loan for non-payment in full at maturity and providing for a forbearance of action through April 30, 2016. During this period the Company will seek to restructure the loan, obtain alternative debt, additional equity or other capital.

The Company’s ability to meet its working capital needs and repay its borrowings under the Senior Loan is dependent on its ability to restructure the Senior Loan, issue additional equity or secure additional debt financing. There is no assurance, however, that additional debt or other forms of capital will be available to the Company, or on terms acceptable to the Company.

These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

These consolidated financial statements of the accounts of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These consolidated financial statements include adjustments of a normal and recurring nature considered necessary by management to fairly present the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company on a consolidated basis for its wholly owned subsidiaries.

Equity Method of Accounting

The Company accounts for our 51.5% interest in Colony Hills Capital Residential II, LLC and our 50.3% interest in 5400 FIB LP under the equity method of accounting as the Company does not control but has the ability to exercise significant influence on these entities. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company recognizes our proportional share of net income or loss as determined under GAAP in our results of operations. The 51.5% interest in Colony Hill Capital Residential II, LLC was liquidated in 2015.

The Company’s policy is to consolidate all entities that are wholly owned and those in which it owns less than 100% but controls, as well as any variable interest entities in which it is the primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates its ability to control an entity and whether the entity is a variable interest entity and the Company is the primary beneficiary through consideration of the substantive terms of the arrangement to identify which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impacts the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. Investments in entities in which we do not control but over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies are presented under the equity method. Investments in entities that we do not control and over which we do not exercise significant influence are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, as appropriate. Our ability to correctly assess our influence and/or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

The Company elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and has operated as such beginning with the tax year ending December 31, 2012. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax on income that we distribute as dividends to our stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four tax years following the year during which qualification is lost, unless it is able to obtain relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially and adversely affect the net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, the Company intends to organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The statute of limitations for the Company’s income tax returns is generally three years and as such, the Company’s returns that remain subject to examination would be primarily from 2012 and thereafter.

To the extent the Company does not utilize the full amount of the annual federal tax basis net operating loss (NOL) limit, the unused amount may be carried forward to offset taxable income in future years. NOLs expire 20 years after the year in which they arise. The Company’s NOL of approximately $42,306 in 2015, $14,113 in 2014, $3,019 in 2013, and $1,889 in 2012, expire in the years 2035, 2034, 2033, and 2032, respectively.

The Company’s net tax basis of real estate amounted to $153,393,000.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management makes significant estimates regarding impairments. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions. Management adjusts such estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Risks and Uncertainties

The state of the overall economy can significantly impact the Company’s operational performance and thus impact its financial position.  Should the Company experience a significant decline in operational performance, it may affect the Company’s ability to make distributions to its shareholders, service debt, or meet other financial obligations.

Segments

The Company has one reportable segment–industrial properties.  These properties have similar economic characteristics and also meet the other criteria that permit the properties to be aggregated into one reportable segment.

Revenue Recognition and Tenant Receivables

Minimum rental income from real estate operations is recognized on a straight-line basis.  The straight-line rent calculation on leases includes the effects of rent concessions and scheduled rent increases, and the calculated straight-line rent income is recognized over the lives of the individual leases.  The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts receivable and straight-line rents receivable, based upon estimates determined by management.  Management specifically analyzes aged receivables,tenant credit-worthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 the Company did not recognize an allowance for doubtful accounts.

Tenant Concentration and Rental Revenue Components

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, rental income was derived from various tenants. As such, future receipts are dependent upon the financial strength of the lessees and their ability to perform under the lease agreements.

The following tenant represents 10% or greater of rental revenue for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Rental revenue is comprised of the following:

Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. There were no cash equivalents at December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company maintains cash and restricted cash representing tenant security deposits, in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has not realized any losses in such cash accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risk of loss.

Financial Instruments

The Company estimates that the carrying value of cash, restricted cash, senior debt, and deferred interest approximate their fair values based on their short-term maturity and prevailing interest rates.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Deferred Offering Costs

Effective June 16, 2014, the Company filed an S-11 registration with the SEC for the issuance of securities issued by real estate companies to raise funds in the public market on the New York Stock Exchange, and subsequently amendments thereto, the most recent filed as of February 5, 2015. During the quarter ended September 30, 2015, we elected to postpone the offering until market conditions improve. Accordingly, deferred offering costs of $938 were expensed in the year ended December 31, 2015.

Business Combinations

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, (FASB), ASC 805-10 “Business Combinations”, the assets and liabilities acquired are recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Acquisition related costs are recognized as expense in the periods in which incurred.

The accounting for business combinations requires estimates and judgment as to expectations for future cash flows of the acquired business, the allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets, and in determining the estimated fair value for assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The amounts allocated to lease intangibles (leases in place, leasing commissions, tenant relationships, and above and below market leases) are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including independent third party analysis and market data and are generally amortized over the remaining life of the related leases excluding renewal options, except in the case of below market fixed rate rent amounts, which are amortized over the applicable renewal period.

Depreciation

Depreciation of buildings and other improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated remaining useful lives of the assets, which generally range from 11 to 34 years for buildings and 3 to 13 years for site improvements.  Building improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repair expenses are charged to expense as incurred.  Significant renovations and improvements that improve or extend the useful life of the assets are capitalized. 

Amortization of Deferred Lease Intangibles - Assets and Liabilities

Deferred Lease Intangible assets consist of leases in place, leasing commissions, tenant relationships, and above market leases. Deferred Lease Intangible liabilities represent below market leases. These intangibles have been recorded at their fair market value in connection with the acquisition of properties in 2014. Intangible assets are generally amortized over the remaining life of the related leases excluding renewal options, except in the case of below market fixed rate rent amounts, which are amortized over the applicable renewal period.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company assesses the carrying values of our respective long-lived assets, including goodwill, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of these assets may not be fully recoverable.

Recoverability of real estate assets is measured by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows. In order to review our real estate assets for recoverability, the Company considers current market conditions, as well as our intent with respect to holding or disposing of the asset. Our intent with regard to the underlying assets might change as market conditions change, as well as other factors. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, applying a capitalization rate to estimated net operating income of a property and quoted market values and third-party appraisals, where considered necessary. If our analysis indicates that the carrying value of the real estate asset is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, we recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the current estimated fair value of the real estate property. The Company has determined there is no impairment of value of long lived assets.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are amortized over the life of the related debt instrument on a straight line basis which approximates the effective interest method. Amortization of this expense is included in interest expense in the consolidated income statements. At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 gross deferred financing costs amounted to $3,940 and $2,845, respectively, and accumulated amortization amounted to $3,940 and $1,013, respectively, for net amounts of $0, and $1,832, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs, included in interest expense, was $2,927 in 2015 and $1,013 in 2014.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Discount on Borrowings

Original issue discount on the Company’s debt amounted to $20,000 during the year ended December 31, 2014 and is recorded as a reduction of debt. The amount is amortized from the date the borrowings were obtained through the initial maturity date of April 28, 2015 on a straight line basis which approximates the effective interest method. Amortization of the amount is included in interest expense and amounted to $12,877 in 2015 and $7,123 in 2014 and is accreted to the Senior Loan.

Earnings per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for each year, which is also presented on the consolidated income statements. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share since the Company does not have any common stock equivalents such as stock options. The Company has not granted any stock options or stock-based awards under the 2014 Incentive Award Plan.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company has evaluated all ASUs released by the FASB through the date the financial statements were issued and determined that the following ASUs apply to the Company.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going concern uncertainties in the financial statements. The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued.  An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions or events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The standard applies to all entities and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted.  The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-15 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810) to address financial reporting consolidations for the evaluation as to the requirement to consolidate certain legal entities. ASU 2015–02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2015-02.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03 Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) as part of the initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The update requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2015-03, and if early adoption is appropriate in future reporting periods.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires that a lessee recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from operating leases. A lessee should recognize in the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(3) Business Combinations

During the fourth quarter of 2014 the Company through subsidiaries of its Operating Partnership, completed the acquisition of 20 industrial properties comprising approximately 4,000,000 square feet for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $155 million.

The allocation of purchase price in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, (FASB), ASC 805-10 “Business Combinations,” of the assets and liabilities acquired at their fair values as of the acquisition date is as follows:

Purchase price allocation:

The above real estate investment of $155,434 is recorded net of acquired other assets of $41, assumed accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities of $1,038, and a non-cash adjustment to the carrying value of the properties of $434, for a total cash purchase price of $154,003.

The operating results for each of the acquisitions are included in the consolidated results of operations from the respective dates of acquisition. The following table presents consolidated unaudited pro forma information as if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2014:

The unaudited pro forma results reflect certain adjustments related to the acquisitions, such as amortization expense related to the intangible assets, and interest expense associated with the borrowings to fund the acquisitions.

These acquired businesses contributed total revenues of $2,664 in 2014. The Company has concluded it is impractical to determine the acquired businesses’ impact on 2014 net loss due to the inability to segregate certain costs related to integration of the properties acquired into the Company.

The allocation of the purchase price consideration was based on preliminary estimates of fair value and such estimates and assumptions did not change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date).

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(4) Real Estate Properties

Real estate properties consisted of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Depreciation expense was $7,518 in 2015 and $1,004 in 2014.

(5) Deferred Lease Intangibles

Deferred Lease Intangible assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014:

Deferred Lease Intangibles - Below Market Leases at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were:

Amortization of above and below market leases was recorded as an adjustment to revenues and amounted to $351 and $52 in 2015 and 2014, respectively. Amortization of all other deferred lease intangibles has been included in depreciation and amortization in the accompanying consolidated income statements and amounted to $4,618 and $638 in 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Projected amortization of deferred lease intangibles for the next five years as of December 31, 2015 is as follows:

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(6) Investments in Real Estate Joint Ventures

The Company, through its Operating Partnership, has the following investment in real estate joint ventures, which are accounted for on the equity method of accounting based on significant influence over the entities and lack of control over the entities:

The Company performed an analysis to determine whether or not these entities represent variable interest entities (“VIE”s), and if the Company is the primary beneficiary (“PB”) of the VIEs.

The Company concluded that CHCR II is a VIE. The Company has determined that it is not the PB of the VIE as the Company does not have the ability to make decisions over the activities that most significantly impact the performance of CHCR II. The Company accounts for the CHCR II investment as an equity method investment.

The Company concluded that 5400 FIB is not a VIE. The Company accounts for the 5400 FIB investment as an equity method investment.

On November 24, 2014, the Company acquired a 100% fee simple interest in the real property assets of the TCG Cincinnati DRE LP (the “Partnership”), which the Company, through its Operating Partnership, held a 12.3% limited partnership interest acquired in 2012, and accounted for on the equity method. At December 31, 2014, the Company included the amount due for its Partnership interest, $22, in Other assets. The Partnership was liquidated in 2015.

The Company recorded income (loss) from its investments in real estate joint ventures in the amounts of $(85) in 2015 and $175 in 2014, respectively. Distributions amounted to $2,178 in 2015 and $1,468 in 2014.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Management of the Company monitors the financial position of the Company’s joint venture partners. To the extent that management of the Company determines that a joint venture partner has financial or liquidity concerns, management will evaluate all actions and remedies available to the Company under the applicable joint venture agreement to minimize any potential adverse implications to the Company.

(7) Future Minimum Rental Receipts Under Non-Cancellable Leases

The following schedule indicates approximate future minimum rental receipts due under non-cancellable operating leases for real estate properties, by year, as of December 31, 2015:

(8) Senior Debt

On October 28, 2014, the Company, its Operating Partnership and certain subsidiaries of its Operating Partnership entered into a senior secured loan agreement (Senior Loan) with investment entities, or the Funds, managed by Senator Investment Group LP. The Senior Loan was a $192,000 facility with $71,000 designated as Tranche A, $101,000 designated as Tranche B and $20,000 designated as Tranche C and the deemed original issue discount.

The Company borrowed $69,200 under Tranche A and $95,800 under Tranche B for a total of $165,000. At December 31, 2015, there was $165,000 of indebtedness outstanding under the Senior Loan and $20,000 of original issue discount, which was accreted over the initial six month term, of the Senior Loan through April 28, 2015, and PIK is also accreted to debt. Accordingly, there was $196,800, net of $0 of unamortized original issue discount, and deferred interest payable of $8,081, and $173,627, net of $12,877 of unamortized original issue discount, and deferred interest payable of $1,653, outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The Senior Loan initially matured on April 28, 2015, and has been extended to the current maturity date of February 29, 2016. As of February 9, 2016 the Senior Loan was transferred to a new entity, “Holder”. As of February 29, 2016 the Company was unable to pay the full amount of the Senior Loan due and Company and Holder entered into a forbearance agreement acknowledging the default under the loan for non-payment in full at maturity and providing for a forbearance of action through April 30, 2016. During this period the Company will seek to restructure the loan, obtain alternative debt, additional equity or other capital. There is no assurance, however, that those forms of capital or restructure will be available to us, or on terms acceptable to us.

The proceeds from the borrowings were used to fund the acquisitions discussed in note 3 as well as repay the Company’s previous secured line of credit, and fund working capital. The relevant terms of the borrowing arrangement are as follows:

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(9) Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

The Company’s amended and restated charter authorizes the Company to issue up to 900,000 shares of its $0.01 par value preferred stock as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding.

Common Stock

The Company at December 31, 2015 and 2014 has 1,000,000,000 shares of authorized common stock at $0.01 par value, of which 1,327,859 were issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, including stock dividends.

Common stockholders have full voting rights and are entitled to one vote per share held and are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Distributions

The Company’s Board of Directors declared a stock distribution of 0.015 shares each of our common stock, or 1.5% per distribution of each outstanding share of common stock, to our stockholders of record at the close of business on March 31, 2014 and was issued on April 15, 2014.There were no distributions declared or made during the year ended December 31, 2015.

2014 Incentive Award Plan

In April 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted, and in June 2014 the Company’s stockholders approved, the 2014 Incentive Award Plan, or Plan, under which we may grant cash and equity incentive awards to eligible service providers in order to attract, motivate and retain the talent for which we compete. The aggregate number of shares of our common stock and/or LTIP units of partnership interest in our Operating Partnership, or LTIP units that are available for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the Plan is 750,000 shares/LTIP units. Shares and units granted under the Plan may be authorized but unissued shares/LTIP units, or, if authorized by the board of directors, shares purchased in the open market. If an award under the Plan is forfeited, expires or is settled for cash, any shares/LTIP units subject to such award may, to the extent of such forfeiture, expiration or cash settlement, be used again for new grants under the Plan. However, the following shares/LTIP units may not be used again for grant under the Plan: (1) shares/LTIP units tendered or withheld to satisfy grant or exercise price or tax withholding obligations associated with an award; (2) shares subject to a stock appreciation right, or SAR, that are not issued in connection with the stock settlement of the SAR on its exercise; and (3) shares purchased on the open market with the cash proceeds from the exercise of options. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the Plan upon the exercise of incentive stock options is 750,000.

The Plan provides for the grant of stock options, including incentive stock options, or ISOs, and nonqualified stock options, or NSOs, restricted stock, dividend equivalents, stock payments, restricted stock units, or RSUs, performance shares, other incentive awards, LTIP units, SARs, and cash awards.

No awards have been granted to date under the Plan.

(10) Commitments

Operating Leases

The Company leases space for its corporate office under the terms of a sub-lease. Rental expense for operating leases, including common-area maintenance, was $328 in 2015 and $331 in 2014. Future amounts of minimum future annual rental commitments under the operating lease as of December 31, 2015 were $189 for 2016. The lease expires August 31, 2016.

Employment Agreements

On September 10, 2014, the Company entered into employment agreements with Jeffrey E. Witherell, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Pendleton P. White, Jr., the Company’s President and Chief Investment Officer, and Daniel C. Wright, the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. As approved by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors the agreements provide for base salaries ranging from $200 to $300 annually with discretionary cash performance awards. The agreements contain provisions for equity awards, general benefits, and termination and severance provisions, consistent with similar positions and companies.

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

(11) Retirement Plan

The Company in December, 2014 funded individual SEP IRA retirement accounts for all employees. The contribution was a percentage of salary paid for the year and the total amount of $123 is included in General and Administrative expense. No contributions were made in 2015. The Company has no control or administrative responsibility related to the individual accounts and is not obligated to fund in future years.

Financial Statement Schedule

Schedule III

Plymouth Industrial REIT, Inc.

Real Estate Properties and Accumulated Depreciation

December 31, 2015 ($ in thousands)