Restaurant Brands International Inc. - Quarter Report: 2015 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number: 001-36786

RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

(905) 845-6511

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (check one);

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of October 20, 2015, there were 202,426,801 common shares of the Registrant outstanding.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

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PART I — Financial Information

RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In millions of U.S. dollars, except share data)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In millions of U.S. dollars, except per share data)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(In millions of U.S. dollars, except per share data)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(Tabular amounts in millions unless noted otherwise)

Note 1. Description of Business and Organization

Description of Business

Restaurant Brands International Inc. (“RBI,” “we,” “us” and “our”) was originally formed on August 25, 2014 and continued under the laws of Canada. Pursuant to Rule 12g-3(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), RBI is a successor issuer to Burger King Worldwide, Inc. RBI serves as the sole general partner of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (“Partnership”), the indirect parent of The TDL Group Corp. (f/k/a Tim Hortons ULC and Tim Hortons Inc.), a limited company existing under the laws of British Columbia that franchises and operates quick service restaurants serving premium coffee and other beverage and food products under the Tim Hortons® brand (“Tim Hortons”), and Burger King Worldwide, Inc., a Delaware corporation that franchises and operates fast food hamburger restaurants principally under the Burger King® brand (“Burger King Worldwide”). We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant, or QSR, chains as measured by total number of restaurants. As of September 30, 2015, we franchised or owned a total of 19,514 restaurants in approximately 100 countries and U.S. territories worldwide. Approximately 100% of current Tim Hortons and Burger King system-wide restaurants are franchised.

The following table outlines our restaurant count and activity, by brand and consolidated, for the periods indicated.

Excluded from the table above are licensed Tim Hortons locations in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom.

All references to USD or $ are to United States dollars, and all references to C$ are to Canadian dollars.

Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (“Financial Statements”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. Therefore, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on March 2, 2015.

The Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in other affiliates that are owned 50% or less where we have significant influence are accounted for by the equity method.

We are the sole general partner of Partnership and, as such, we have the exclusive right, power and authority to manage, control, administer and operate the business and affairs and to make decisions regarding the undertaking and business of Partnership, subject to the terms of the partnership agreement of Partnership and applicable laws. As a result, we consolidate the results of Partnership and record a noncontrolling interest in our consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations with respect to the remaining economic interest in Partnership we do not hold.

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We also consider for consolidation entities in which we have certain interests, where the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such an entity, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”), is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the entity that possesses the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that are significant to it. Our most significant VIEs are Tim Hortons advertising funds and in entities that operate restaurants under our subsidiaries’ franchise arrangements and certain equity method investees that operate as master franchisees. Our maximum exposure to loss resulting from involvement with potential VIEs is attributable to trade and notes receivable balances, outstanding loan guarantees and future lease payments, where applicable.

We do not have any ownership interests in our franchisees’ businesses, except for investments in various entities that are accounted for under the equity method. Tim Hortons has historically entered into certain arrangements in which an operator acquires the right to operate a restaurant, but Tim Hortons owns the restaurant’s assets. In these arrangements, Tim Hortons has the ability to determine which operators manage the restaurants and for what duration. Tim Hortons previously also entered into interest-free financing in connection with a Franchise Incentive Program (“FIP”) with certain U.S. restaurant owners whereby restaurant owners finance with Tim Hortons the initial franchise fee and purchase of restaurant assets. In both operator and FIP arrangements, we perform an analysis to determine if the legal entity in which operations are conducted is a VIE and consolidate the VIE if we also determine Tim Hortons is the entity’s primary beneficiary (“Restaurant VIEs”). Additionally, Tim Hortons participates in advertising funds which, on behalf of Tim Hortons restaurants and franchise restaurants, collect contributions and administer funds for advertising and promotional programs. Tim Hortons is the sole shareholder (Canada) and sole member (U.S.) in these funds, and is the primary beneficiary of these funds (“Advertising VIEs”). As Burger King franchise and master franchise arrangements provide the franchisee and master franchise entities the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact their economic performance, we do not consider ourselves the primary beneficiary of any such entity that might be a VIE.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the Financial Statements. The results for interim periods do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our Financial Statements and notes (“Notes”) to the Financial Statements. Management adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Such estimates and assumptions may be affected by volatile credit, equity, foreign currency, energy markets and declines in consumer spending. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, amounts previously classified as restricted cash were reclassified to cash and cash equivalents as a result of the restructuring of our banking arrangements and our intent to no longer classify this cash as restricted. This reclassification is reflected as a source of cash provided by operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Certain prior year amounts in the accompanying Financial Statements and Notes to the Financial Statements have been reclassified in order to be comparable with the current year classifications. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported net income.

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Note 3. The Transactions

On December 12, 2014 (the “Closing Date”), a series of transactions (the “Transactions”) were completed resulting in RBI indirectly acquiring Burger King Worldwide and Tim Hortons (the “Acquisition”) for total consideration paid of $11,294.9 million. The Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting and Burger King Worldwide was determined to be the accounting acquirer. The primary reason for the Acquisition was to create one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant companies.

During the three months ended September 30, 2015, we adjusted our preliminary estimate of the fair value of net assets acquired. The allocation of consideration to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed remains preliminary and reflects various revised fair value estimates and analyses as of September 30, 2015, including work performed by third-party valuation specialists. The preliminary purchase price allocation as of September 30, 2015 is presented in the tables below and remains subject to revision as valuations are finalized and we complete our review of the valuations.

The adjustments to the preliminary estimate of net assets acquired resulted in a corresponding $623.2 million decrease in estimated goodwill due to the following changes to preliminary estimates of fair value and allocation of purchase price:

All purchase price allocation adjustments have been reflected on a retrospective basis as of the Closing Date. Additionally, our results of operations were retrospectively adjusted to reflect the effects of these revisions to the preliminary purchase price allocation. We expect to continue to obtain information to assist in determining the fair value of the net assets acquired as of the Closing Date during the measurement period. Measurement period adjustments that we determine to be material will be applied retrospectively to the Closing Date.

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Note 4. New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update that amended accounting guidance on revenue recognition. Under this guidance, an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. An entity should disclose sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which deferred the effective date for adoption of the new revenue standard by one year. As such, this standard will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption of the accounting standard is allowed as of the original effective date, which is for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The accounting standards update permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. We are evaluating the impact of this accounting standards update on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. We have not yet selected a transition method nor have we determined the effect of the accounting standards update on our ongoing financial reporting.

In February 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that changed the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain legal entities. All legal entities are subject to reevaluation under the revised consolidation model. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting standards update will have on our financial statements; however, the adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In April 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that changed the presentation of debt issuance costs in financial statements. Under the new guidance, an entity presents such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Amortization of the costs is reported as interest expense. During the three months ended September 30, 2015, we adopted this updated standard, which required retrospective application and resulted in the reclassification of debt issuance costs of $20.5 million from Inventories and other current assets, net and $129.6 million from Other assets, net to a reduction of $150.1 million in Term debt, net of current portion in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014. Other than this change in presentation, this accounting standards update did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. See Note 11, Long Term Debt for more information.

In July 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update to simplify the measurement of inventory and to change the measurement from lower of cost or market to lower of cost or net realizable value. The update does not apply to inventory that is measured using last-in, first out (“LIFO”) or the retail inventory method. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We expect the adoption of this guidance to have no significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In September 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that amended accounting guidance related to restating prior periods to reflect adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination. The update requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, including the cumulative effect of the change in provisional amount as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The adjustments related to previous reporting periods since the acquisition date must be disclosed by income statement line item either on the face of the income statement or in the notes. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting standards update will have on our financial statements; however, the adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

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Note 5. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders and noncontrolling interests by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming all potentially dilutive shares were issued.

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding for Burger King Worldwide shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, and RBI shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015. Additionally, beginning on December 12, 2014, an economic interest in Partnership common equity is held by the holders of Class B exchangeable limited partnership units of Partnership (“Partnership exchangeable units”). From and after December 12, 2015, the one year anniversary of the effective date of the Transactions, the holders of Partnership exchangeable units will each have the right to require Partnership to exchange all or any portion of such holder’s Partnership exchangeable units on a one-for-one basis for RBI common shares, subject to RBI’s right as the general partner of Partnership, at RBI’s sole discretion, to deliver a cash payment in lieu of RBI common shares. See Note 13, Common Shareholders’ Equity.

We apply the treasury stock method to determine the dilutive weighted average common shares represented by Partnership exchangeable units and outstanding stock options, unless the effect of their inclusion is anti-dilutive. The diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation assumes conversion of 100% of the Partnership exchangeable units under the “if converted” method. Accordingly, the numerator is also adjusted to include the earnings allocated to the holders of noncontrolling interests.

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are as follows (in millions, except per share information):

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Note 6. Inventories and Other Current Assets, net

Inventories and other current assets, net consist of the following:

Note 7. Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill

Intangible assets, net and goodwill consist of the following:

We recorded amortization expense on intangible assets of $19.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and $8.3 million for the same period in the prior year. We recorded amortization expense on intangible assets of $58.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and $25.9 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in amortization expense from the prior year was due to amortization recorded on intangible assets acquired in connection with the Acquisition. Identifiable assets subject to amortization also decreased as a result of foreign currency translation effect. The change in the brand and goodwill balances for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was due to foreign currency translation effect.

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Note 8. Other assets, net

Other assets, net consist of the following:

Note 9. Equity Method Investments

The aggregate carrying amount of our equity method investments was $143.3 million as of September 30, 2015 and $169.7 million as of December 31, 2014 and is included as a component of other assets, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

With respect to our Tim Hortons (“TH”) business, the most significant equity investment is our 50% joint-venture interest with The Wendy’s Company, which jointly holds real estate underlying Canadian combination restaurants. During the three months ended September 30, 2015, Tim Hortons received $3.4 million in cash distributions and recognized $5.2 million of contingent rent expense associated with this joint venture. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Tim Hortons received $9.3 million in cash distributions and recognized $15.6 million of contingent rent expense associated with this joint venture.

With respect to our Burger King (“BK”) business, most of the entities in which we have an equity interest own or franchise Burger King restaurants. Franchise and property revenues we recognized from franchisees in which we have an equity interest consist of the following:

At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we had $15.8 million and $22.6 million, respectively, of accounts receivable from our equity method investments which were recorded in trade and notes receivable, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss. During 2015, we recorded a $10.9 million noncash dilution gain included in (income) loss from equity method investments on the issuance of capital stock by BK Brasil Operacao E Assesoria A Restaurantes S.A. (“Brazil JV”), one of our equity method investees. This issuance of capital stock reduced our ownership interest in the Brazil JV. The dilution gain reflects an adjustment to the difference between the amount of our underlying equity in the net assets of the Brazil JV before and after the issuance of capital stock.

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Note 10. Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Liabilities, net

Other accrued liabilities and other liabilities, net consist of the following:

Note 11. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

As of September 30, 2015, deferred financing costs included $137.1 million related to the 2014 Term Loan Facility (as defined below), $9.3 million related to the 2015 Senior Notes (as defined below) and $42.2 million related to the 2014 Senior Notes (as defined below). As of December 31, 2014, deferred financing costs included $104.1 million related to the 2014 Term Loan Facility and $46.0 million related to the 2014 Senior Notes.

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2015 Amended Credit Agreement

On May 22, 2015, two of our subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”) entered into a first amendment (the “2015 Amended Credit Agreement”) to the credit agreement dated as of October 27, 2014. Under the 2015 Amended Credit Agreement, the aggregate principal amount of secured term loans (the “2014 Term Loan Facility”) was decreased to $5,140.4 million as a result of the repayment of $1,550.0 million from the net proceeds from the offering of the 2015 Senior Notes (as defined below) and cash on hand, and the interest rate applicable to the 2014 Term Loan Facility was reduced to, at the Borrowers’ option, either (i) a base rate plus an applicable margin equal to 1.75% or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate plus an applicable margin equal to 2.75%. The 2015 Amended Credit Agreement also provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility for up to $500.0 million of revolving extensions of credit outstanding at any time (including revolving loans, swingline loans and letters of credit), the amount of which was unchanged by the May 22, 2015 amendment (the “2014 Revolving Credit Facility,” together with the 2014 Term Loan Facility, the “2014 Credit Facilities”).

Under the 2015 Amended Credit Agreement, at the Borrowers’ option, the interest rate per annum applicable to the 2014 Credit Facilities is based on a fluctuating interest rate determined by reference to either (i) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the prime rate of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., (b) the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, (c) the Eurocurrency rate applicable for an interest period of one month plus 1.00% and (d) in respect of the 2014 Term Loan Facility, 2.00% per annum (“Base Rate Loans”), plus an applicable margin equal to 1.75% for any 2014 Term Loan Facility and 2.00% for loans under the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility, or (ii) a Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to LIBOR, adjusted for statutory reserve requirements (“Eurocurrency Rate Loans”), plus an applicable margin equal to 2.75% for any 2014 Term Loan Facility and 3.00% for loans under the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility. Borrowings under the 2014 Credit Facilities will be subject to a floor of 1.00% in the case of Eurocurrency Rate Loans and 2.00% in the case of Base Rate Loans. We have elected our applicable rate per annum as Eurocurrency rate determined by reference to LIBOR. As of September 30, 2015, the interest rate on our 2014 Term Loan Facility was 3.75%.

In connection with the 2015 Amended Credit Agreement and the related repayment on the 2014 Term Loan Facility, we recorded a $40.3 million loss on early extinguishment of debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The loss on early extinguishment of debt primarily reflects the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and the write-off of unamortized discounts.

As of September 30, 2015, we had no amounts outstanding under the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility. Funds available under the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility may be used to repay other debt, finance debt or share repurchases, to fund acquisitions or capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes. We have a $125.0 million letter of credit sublimit as part of the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility, which reduces our borrowing availability under this facility by the cumulative amount of outstanding letters of credit. As of September 30, 2015, we had $3.9 million of letters of credit issued against the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility and our borrowing availability was $496.1 million.

2015 Senior Notes

The Borrowers are party to an indenture, dated as of May 22, 2015 (the “2015 Senior Notes Indenture”), in connection with the issuance of $1,250.0 million of 4.625% first lien senior secured notes due January 15, 2022 (the “2015 Senior Notes”). The 2015 Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.625% per annum, payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year. No principal payments are due until maturity. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2015 Senior Notes, together with cash on hand, were used to repay $1,550.0 million of the outstanding borrowings under our 2014 Term Loan Facility and to pay related premiums, fees and expenses.

The 2015 Senior Notes are guaranteed on a senior secured basis, jointly and severally, by the Borrowers and substantially all of their Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries, including Burger King Worldwide, Tim Hortons and substantially all of their respective Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries (the “Note Guarantors”).

The 2015 Senior Notes are first lien senior secured obligations and rank (i) equal in right of payment with all of the existing and future senior debt of Borrowers and Note Guarantors, including borrowings under and guarantees of the 2014 Credit Facilities and the 2014 Senior Notes (as defined below); (ii) equal in right of payment with all of the existing and future first-priority senior secured debt of Borrowers and Note Guarantors, including the borrowings under and guarantees of the 2014 Credit Facilities, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt; (iii) effectively senior in the right of payment to all of the existing and future unsecured senior debt and junior lien debt of Borrowers and Note Guarantors, including the 2014 Senior Notes, to the extent of the value of collateral securing the 2015 Senior Notes; (iv) senior in right of payment to all of the existing and future subordinated debt of Borrowers and Note Guarantors; and (v) structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of the Borrowers’ non-guarantor subsidiaries.

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The Borrowers may redeem some or all of the 2015 Senior Notes at any time prior to October 1, 2017 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any. The 2015 Senior Notes are redeemable at our option, in whole or in part, at any time during the twelve-month period beginning on October 1, 2017 at 102.313% of the principal amount redeemed, at any time during the twelve-month period beginning on October 1, 2018 at 101.156% of the principal amount redeemed or at any time on or after October 1, 2019 at 100.0% of the principal amount redeemed. In addition, at any time prior to October 1, 2017, up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2015 Senior Notes may be redeemed with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 104.625% of the principal amount of the 2015 Senior Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. In connection with any tender offer for the 2015 Senior Notes, including a change of control offer or an asset sale offer, the Borrowers will have the right to redeem the 2015 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to the amount offered in that tender offer if not less than 90% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2015 Senior Notes validly tender and do not withdraw such 2015 Senior Notes in such tender offer. If the Borrowers experience a change of control, the holders of the 2015 Senior Notes will have the right to require the Borrowers to repurchase the 2015 Senior Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of their aggregate principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts (as defined in the 2015 Senior Notes Indenture), if any, to the date of such repurchase.

2014 Senior Notes

At September 30, 2015, we had outstanding $2,250.0 million of 6.00% second lien senior secured notes due April 1, 2022 (the “2014 Senior Notes”).

Tim Hortons Notes

At the time of the Transactions, Tim Hortons had the following Canadian dollar denominated senior unsecured notes outstanding: (i) C$300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.20% Senior Unsecured Notes, Series 1, due June 1, 2017 (“Series 1 Notes”), (ii) C$450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.52% Senior Unsecured Notes, Series 2, due December 1, 2023 (“Series 2 Notes”) and (iii) C$450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2.85% Senior Unsecured Notes, Series 3, due April 1, 2019 (“Series 3 Notes”) (collectively, the “Tim Hortons Notes”). During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Tim Hortons accepted for purchase, and settled for cash, the following: (i) C$252.6 million principal amount of Series 1 Notes; (ii) C$447.4 million principal amount of Series 2 Notes and (iii) C$446.1 million principal amount of Series 3 Notes, pursuant to tender offers made following the Transactions.

At December 31, 2014, the entire outstanding amount of the Tim Hortons Notes were classified within current liabilities, as we expected to fully redeem the Tim Hortons Notes during the first quarter of 2015. At September 30, 2015, the Tim Hortons Notes that remain outstanding, and therefore not redeemed, are classified within long-term liabilities, as we intend to leave these outstanding until maturity.

On March 12, 2015, we made a mandatory prepayment on the 2014 Term Loan Facility of $42.7 million equal to the U.S. dollar equivalent of the principal amount of Tim Hortons Notes that remained outstanding after 90 days following the Closing Date.

Debt issuance costs

In connection with entering into the 2015 Amended Credit Agreement and issuing the 2015 Senior Notes, we incurred an aggregate of $80.3 million of costs that were recorded as deferred financing costs and included as a component of term debt, net of current portion within our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

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Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net consists of the following:

Note 12. Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 19.6% and 30.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. The effective tax rate during these periods was primarily a result of the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions and the revaluation of certain monetary assets and liabilities due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by the favorable impact from a restructuring of certain legal entities.

Our effective tax rate was 53.4% and 15.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. We recognized an income tax benefit during the three months ended September 30, 2014 as a result of generating losses before income taxes during this period. The effective tax rate during these periods was primarily a result of the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions and losses on derivatives, partially offset by non-deductible TH transaction and restructuring costs.

Note 13. Common Shareholders’ Equity

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represent equity interests in consolidated subsidiaries that are not attributable to us. As of September 30, 2015, the holders of Partnership exchangeable units held an economic interest of approximately 56.7% in Partnership common equity through the ownership of 265,041,783 Partnership exchangeable units.

Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, each Partnership exchangeable unit is entitled to a distribution from Partnership in an amount equal to any dividends or distributions that we declare and pay with respect to each of our common shares. Additionally, each holder of a Partnership exchangeable unit is entitled to vote in respect of matters on which holders of our common shares are entitled to vote through a special voting share of RBI. From and after December 12, 2015, the one year anniversary of the effective date of the Transactions, the holder of a Partnership exchangeable unit will have the right to require Partnership to exchange all or any portion of such holder’s Partnership exchangeable units for our common shares at a ratio of one common share for each Partnership exchangeable unit, subject to our right as the general partner of Partnership, in our sole discretion, to deliver a cash payment in lieu of our common shares. If we elect to make a cash payment in lieu of issuing common shares, the amount of the payment will be the weighted average trading price of the common shares on the New York Stock Exchange for the 20 consecutive trading days ending on the last business day prior to the exchange date.

We adjust the net income (loss) in our condensed consolidated statement of operations to exclude the noncontrolling interests’ proportionate share of results. Also, we present the proportionate share of equity attributable to the noncontrolling interests as a separate component of shareholders’ equity within our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table displays the change in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”):

The following table displays the reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

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Note 14. Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the levels of inputs used to measure fair value, which include derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments, derivatives designated as net investment hedges, derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, investments held in a rabbi trust which consist of money market accounts and mutual funds established to fund a portion of our current and future obligations under the Burger King Executive Retirement Plan (“ERP”), and ERP liabilities as well as their location on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

Our derivatives are valued using a discounted cash flow analysis that incorporates observable market parameters, such as interest rate yield curves and currency rates, and are classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. Derivative valuations incorporate credit risk adjustments that are necessary to reflect the probability of default by us or the counterparty.

Investments held in a rabbi trust consist of money market funds and mutual funds and the fair value measurements are derived using quoted prices in active markets for the specific funds which are based on Level 1 inputs of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value measurements of the ERP liabilities are derived principally from observable market data which are based on Level 2 inputs of the fair value hierarchy.

At September 30, 2015, the fair value of our variable rate term debt and bonds was estimated at $8.7 billion, compared to a carrying amount of $8.6 billion, net of original issue discount. At December 31, 2014, the fair value of our variable rate term debt and bonds was estimated at $10.1 billion, compared to a carrying amount of $10.0 billion, net of original issue discount. Fair value of variable rate term debt and fixed rate debt was estimated using inputs based on bid and offer prices and are Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy.

Certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to periodic impairment tests. These items primarily include long-lived assets, goodwill, the Tim Hortons and Burger King brands and other intangible assets.

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Note 15. Derivative Instruments

We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, derivatives designated as net investment hedges and those utilized as economic hedges. We use derivatives to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates. See Note 14 for fair value measurements of our derivative instruments.

Interest Rate Swaps – outstanding as of September 30, 2015

During May 2015, we entered into a series of receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the variability in the interest payments on $2,500.0 million of our 2014 Term Loan Facility beginning May 28, 2015, through the expiration of the final swap on March 31, 2021. The notional value of the swaps is $2,500.0 million. There are six sequential interest rate swaps to achieve the hedged position. Each year on March 31, the existing interest rate swap is scheduled to expire and be immediately replaced with a new interest rate swap until the expiration of the final swap on March 31, 2021. At inception, these interest rate swaps were designated as a cash flow hedge for hedge accounting, and as such, the effective portion of unrealized changes in market value are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) and reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses from hedge ineffectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Interest Rate Swaps – settled prior to September 30, 2015

The following derivative instruments were settled during May 2015. During November 2014, we entered into a series of receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the variability in the interest payments associated with our 2014 Term Loan Facility beginning April 1, 2015, through the expiration of the final swap on March 31, 2021. The initial notional value of the swaps was $6,733.1 million, which initially aligned with the outstanding principal balance of the 2014 Term Loan Facility as of April 1, 2015, and was to be reduced quarterly in accordance with the principal repayments of the 2014 Term Loan Facility. There were six sequential interest rate swaps to achieve the hedged position. Each year on March 31, the existing interest rate swap was scheduled to expire and be immediately replaced with a new interest rate swap until the expiration of the arrangement on March 31, 2021. At inception, these interest rate swaps were designated as a cash flow hedge for hedge accounting, and as such, the effective portion of unrealized changes in market value were recorded in AOCI and reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses from hedge ineffectiveness were recognized in earnings. During the first quarter of 2015, we temporarily discontinued hedge accounting on the entire balance of these interest rate swaps as a result of the $42.7 million mandatory prepayment of our 2014 Term Loan Facility as well as changes to forecasted cash flows and settled $42.7 million of these instruments equal to the amount of the mandatory prepayment of our 2014 Term Loan Facility. During this same period, of the remaining $6,690.4 million of notional outstanding, we re-designated $5,690.4 million of notional amount as a cash flow hedge for hedge accounting and $1,000.0 million of notional amount was not designated for hedge accounting and as such changes in fair value on this portion of the interest rate swaps were recognized in earnings. During April 2015, in order to offset the cash flows associated with our $1,000.0 million notional value receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap that was not designated for hedge accounting, we entered into a pay-variable, receive-fixed mirror interest rate swap with a notional value of $1,000.0 million and a maturity date of March 31, 2021.

The following derivative instruments were settled during May 2015. During October 2014, we entered into a series of receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a combined initial notional value of $6,750.0 million that was amortized each quarter at the same rate of the 2014 Term Loan Facility. To offset the cash flows associated with these interest rate swaps, in November 2014 we entered into a series of receive-fixed, pay-variable mirror interest rate swaps with a combined initial notional value of $6,750.0 million that was amortized each quarter at the same rate of the 2014 Term Loan Facility. For all of these derivative instruments, each year on March 31, the existing interest rate swap was scheduled to expire and be immediately replaced with a new interest rate swap until the expiration of the arrangement on March 31, 2021. These interest rate swaps were not designated for hedge accounting and as such changes in fair value were recognized in earnings.

In connection with the interest rate swaps settled during May 2015, we paid $36.2 million that is reflected as a use of cash within investing activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The net unrealized loss remaining in AOCI totaled $84.6 million at the date of settlement and will be reclassified into interest expense, net as the original hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The amount of pre-tax losses in AOCI as of September 30, 2015 that we expect to be reclassified into interest expense within the next 12 months is $12.7 million.

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Interest Rate Swaps – settled prior to December 31, 2014

During 2012, we entered into three forward-starting interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $2,300.0 million to hedge the variability of forecasted interest payments on our forecasted debt issuance attributable to changes in LIBOR. These swaps were settled during the fourth quarter of 2014. The forward-starting interest rate swaps fixed LIBOR on $1,000.0 million of floating-rate debt beginning 2015 and an additional $1,300.0 million of floating-rate debt starting 2016. During 2014, we discontinued hedge accounting on our forward-starting interest rate swaps as it was probable at the time that the forecasted transactions will not occur since we intended to repay our outstanding 2012 Term Loan Facility concurrently with the Transactions and did not anticipate issuing new debt in 2015 or 2016. Whenever hedge accounting is discontinued and the derivative remains outstanding, we continue to carry the derivative at its fair value on the balance sheet and recognize any subsequent changes in fair value in earnings. When it is no longer probable that a forecasted transaction will occur, we discontinue hedge accounting and recognize immediately in earnings any gains and losses, attributable to those forecasted transactions that are probable not to occur, that were recorded in AOCI related to the hedging relationship. Prior to the discontinuance of hedge accounting, we accounted for these swaps as cash flow hedges, and as such, the effective portion of unrealized changes in market value was recorded in AOCI and was to be reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses from hedge ineffectiveness are recognized in earnings.

Cross-Currency Rate Swaps

To protect the value of our investments in our foreign operations against adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, we may, from time to time, hedge a portion of our net investment in one or more of our foreign subsidiaries by using cross-currency rate swaps. At September 30, 2015, we designated cross-currency rate swap contracts between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar and the Euro and U.S. dollar as net investment hedges of a portion of our equity in foreign operations in those currencies. The component of the gains and losses on our net investment in these designated foreign operations driven by changes in foreign exchange rates are economically offset by movements in the fair value of our cross currency swap contracts. The fair value of the swaps is calculated each period with changes in fair value reported in AOCI net of tax. Such amounts will remain in AOCI until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of our investment in the underlying foreign operations.

At September 30, 2015, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swaps in which we pay quarterly between 4.802% and 7.002% on a tiered payment structure per annum on the Canadian dollar notional amount of C$5,641.7 million and receive quarterly between 3.948% and 6.525% on a tiered payment structure per annum on the U.S. dollar notional amount of $5,000.0 million through the maturity date of March 31, 2021. At inception, these derivative instruments were not designated for hedge accounting and, as such, changes in fair value were initially recognized in earnings. Beginning with the closing of the Transactions on December 12, 2014, we designated these cross-currency rate swaps as hedges and began accounting for these derivative instruments as net investment hedges.

At September 30, 2015, we also had outstanding a cross-currency rate swap in which we pay quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the Euro notional amount of €1,107.8 million and receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional amount of $1,200.0 million through the maturity date of March 31, 2021. At inception, this cross-currency rate swap was designated as a hedge and is accounted for as a net investment hedge.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we terminated our cross-currency rate swaps entered into prior to the Transactions with an aggregate notional value of $315.0 million. In connection with this termination, we received $52.1 million which is reflected as a source of cash provided by investing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The net unrealized gains totaled $31.8 million as of September 30, 2015. Such amounts will remain in AOCI until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of our investment in the underlying foreign operations. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated as a hedge and were accounted for as net investment hedges. A total notional value of $115.0 million of these swaps were contracts to exchange quarterly fixed-rate interest payments we make in Euros for quarterly fixed-rate interest payments we receive in U.S. dollars and had an original maturity of October 19, 2016. A total notional value of $200.0 million of these swaps were contracts to exchange quarterly floating-rate interest payments we make in Euros based on EURIBOR for quarterly floating-rate interest payments we receive in U.S. dollars based on LIBOR and had an original maturity of September 28, 2017. These cross-currency rate swaps also required the exchange of Euros and U.S. dollar principal payments upon maturity.

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Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts