SIMON PROPERTY GROUP INC /DE/ - Quarter Report: 2021 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021

SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, INC.

SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (Simon Property Group, Inc.) Delaware (Simon Property Group, L.P.) (State of incorporation or organization)	001-14469 (Simon Property Group, Inc.) 001-36110 (Simon Property Group, L.P.) (Commission File No.)	04-6268599 (Simon Property Group, Inc.) 34-1755769 (Simon Property Group, L.P.) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
225 West Washington Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 (Address of principal executive offices)
(317) 636-1600 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


	Title of each class	Trading Symbols	Name of each exchange on which registered
Simon Property Group, Inc.	Common stock, $0.0001 par value	SPG	New York Stock Exchange
Simon Property Group, Inc.	8³/₈% Series J Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value	SPGJ	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.


Simon Property Group, Inc. Yes ⌧ No ◻	Simon Property Group, L.P. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).


Simon Property Group, Inc. Yes ⌧ No ◻	Simon Property Group, L.P. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Simon Property Group, Inc.:
Large accelerated filer ⌧	Accelerated filer ◻	Non-accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company ◻
			Emerging growth company ◻

Simon Property Group, L.P.:
Large accelerated filer ◻	Accelerated filer ◻	Non-accelerated filer ⌧	Smaller reporting company ◻
			Emerging growth company ◻

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Simon Property Group, Inc. ◻

Simon Property Group, L.P. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Simon Property Group, Inc. Yes ◻ No ⌧

Simon Property Group, L.P. Yes ◻ No ⌧

As of September 30, 2021, Simon Property Group, Inc. had 328,611,163 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 8,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding. Simon Property Group, L.P. has no common stock outstanding.

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021 of Simon Property Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Simon Property Group, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “Simon” mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the “Operating Partnership” mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership.

Simon is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. We are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT under which substantially all of our business is conducted through the Operating Partnership, Simon’s majority-owned partnership subsidiary, for which Simon is the general partner. As of September 30, 2021, Simon owned an approximate 87.4% ownership interest in the Operating Partnership, with the remaining 12.6% ownership interest owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, Simon has exclusive control of the Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management.

We operate Simon and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of Simon consists of the same members as the management of the Operating Partnership. As general partner with control of the Operating Partnership, Simon consolidates the Operating Partnership for financial reporting purposes, and Simon has no material assets or liabilities other than its investment in the Operating Partnership. Therefore, the assets and liabilities of Simon and the Operating Partnership are the same on their respective financial statements.

We believe that combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of Simon and the Operating Partnership into this single report provides the following benefits:

●

enhances investors’ understanding of Simon and the Operating Partnership by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;

●

eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined presentation since substantially all of the disclosure in this report applies to both Simon and the Operating Partnership; and

●

creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.

We believe it is important for investors to understand the few differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership in the context of how we operate as a consolidated company. The primary difference is that Simon itself does not conduct business, other than acting as the general partner of the Operating Partnership and issuing equity or equity-related instruments from time to time. In addition, Simon itself does not incur any indebtedness, as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership or entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by the Operating Partnership.

The Operating Partnership holds, directly or indirectly, substantially all of our assets, including our ownership interests in our joint ventures. The Operating Partnership conducts substantially all of our business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity issuances by Simon, which are contributed to the capital of the Operating Partnership in exchange for, in the case of common stock issuances by Simon, common units of partnership interest in the Operating Partnership, or units, or, in the case of preferred stock issuances by Simon, preferred units of partnership interest in the Operating Partnership, or preferred units, the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly, generates the capital required by our business through its operations, the incurrence of indebtedness, proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties and joint ventures and the issuance of units or preferred units to third parties.

The presentation of stockholders’ equity, partners’ equity and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of Simon and those of the Operating Partnership. The differences between stockholders’ equity and partners’ equity result from differences in the equity issued at the Simon and Operating Partnership levels. The units held by limited partners in the Operating Partnership are accounted for as partners’ equity in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in Simon’s financial statements. The noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements include the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated partnerships. The noncontrolling interests in Simon’s financial statements include the same noncontrolling interests at the Operating Partnership level and, as previously stated, the units held by limited partners of the Operating Partnership. Although classified differently, total equity of Simon and the Operating Partnership is the same.

To help investors understand the differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership, this report provides:

●

separate consolidated financial statements for Simon and the Operating Partnership;

●

a single set of condensed notes to such consolidated financial statements that includes separate discussions of noncontrolling interests and stockholders’ equity or partners’ equity, accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and per share and per unit data, as applicable;

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●

a combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section that also includes discrete information related to each entity; and

●

separate Part II, Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds sections related to each entity.

This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for each of Simon and the Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that Simon and the Operating Partnership are each compliant with Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. §1350. The separate discussions of Simon and the Operating Partnership in this report should be read in conjunction with each other to understand our results on a consolidated basis and how management operates our business.

In order to highlight the differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership, the separate sections in this report for Simon and the Operating Partnership specifically refer to Simon and the Operating Partnership. In the sections that combine disclosure of Simon and the Operating Partnership, this report refers to actions or holdings of Simon and the Operating Partnership as being “our” actions or holdings. Although the Operating Partnership is generally the entity that directly or indirectly enters into contracts and joint ventures, holds assets and incurs debt, we believe that references to “we,” “us” or “our” in this context is appropriate because the business is one enterprise and we operate substantially all of our business through the Operating Partnership.

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Simon Property Group, L.P.

Form 10-Q

INDEX

			Page
Part I — Financial Information

	Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements of Simon Property Group, Inc. (Unaudited)
		Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020	5
		Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	6
		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	7
		Consolidated Statements of Equity at September 30, 2021 and 2020	8

		Consolidated Financial Statements of Simon Property Group, L.P. (Unaudited)
		Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020	10
		Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	11
		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	12
		Consolidated Statements of Equity at September 30, 2021 and 2020	13

		Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	15
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	37
	Item 3.	Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk	53
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	53

Part II — Other Information

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	54
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	54
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	54
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	54
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	54
	Item 5.	Other Information	54
	Item 6.	Exhibits	55

Signatures			56

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
ASSETS:
Investment properties, at cost	$	37,984,645	$	38,050,196
Less - accumulated depreciation		15,410,030		14,891,937
		22,574,615		23,158,259
Cash and cash equivalents		438,423		1,011,613
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net		935,053		1,236,734
Investment in TRG, at equity		3,396,169		3,451,897
Investment in Klépierre, at equity		1,672,858		1,729,690
Investment in other unconsolidated entities, at equity		2,972,049		2,603,571
Right-of-use assets, net		506,236		512,914
Investments held in trust - special purpose acquisition company		345,000		—
Deferred costs and other assets		1,105,736		1,082,168
Total assets	$	33,946,139	$	34,786,846
LIABILITIES:
Mortgages and unsecured indebtedness	$	25,584,372	$	26,723,361
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, and deferred revenues		1,324,603		1,311,925
Cash distributions and losses in unconsolidated entities, at equity		1,573,563		1,577,393
Dividend payable		1,452		486,922
Lease liabilities		509,071		515,492
Other liabilities		525,361		513,515
Total liabilities		29,518,422		31,128,608
Commitments and contingencies
Limited partners’ preferred interest in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests		553,025		185,892
EQUITY:
Stockholders’ Equity
Capital stock (850,000,000 total shares authorized, $0.0001 par value, 238,000,000 shares of excess common stock, 100,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock):
Series J 8^3/8% cumulative redeemable preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 796,948 issued and outstanding with a liquidation value of $39,847		41,845		42,091
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 511,990,000 shares authorized, 342,907,608 and 342,849,037 issued and outstanding, respectively		34		34
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, 8,000 issued and outstanding		—		—
Capital in excess of par value		11,201,333		11,179,688
Accumulated deficit		(5,789,329)		(6,102,314)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(191,274)		(188,675)
Common stock held in treasury, at cost, 14,296,445 and 14,355,621 shares, respectively		(1,884,511)		(1,891,352)
Total stockholders’ equity		3,378,098		3,039,472
Noncontrolling interests		496,594		432,874
Total equity		3,874,692		3,472,346
Total liabilities and equity	$	33,946,139	$	34,786,846

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
REVENUE:
Lease income	$	1,207,923	$	993,831	$	3,511,806	$	3,269,572
Management fees and other revenues		27,024		21,345		78,381		71,545
Other income		61,607		45,498		200,465		134,957
Total revenue		1,296,554		1,060,674		3,790,652		3,476,074
EXPENSES:
Property operating		108,556		91,236		291,248		267,479
Depreciation and amortization		311,381		333,755		942,851		986,157
Real estate taxes		117,094		112,311		347,800		347,075
Repairs and maintenance		21,735		18,971		62,126		57,482
Advertising and promotion		38,635		14,751		87,685		60,967
Home and regional office costs		48,667		39,960		132,365		130,420
General and administrative		6,909		3,016		20,739		17,206
Other		31,253		42,650		84,180		99,527
Total operating expenses		684,230		656,650		1,968,994		1,966,313
OPERATING INCOME BEFORE OTHER ITEMS		612,324		404,024		1,821,658		1,509,761
Interest expense		(199,772)		(201,858)		(602,207)		(586,545)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		(28,593)		—		(31,552)		—
Gain on exchange of equity interests (Note 6)		159,828		—		159,828		—
Income and other tax (expense) benefit		(67,262)		(2,779)		(108,367)		3,065
Income from unconsolidated entities		198,524		61,823		562,138		156,610
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		(4,944)		(1,279)		(8,121)		(20,125)
Gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		108,543		(91,285)		201,600		(98,168)
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME		778,648		168,646		1,994,977		964,598
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		97,878		21,886		249,421		124,351
Preferred dividends		834		834		2,503		2,503
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	679,936	$	145,926	$	1,743,053	$	837,744
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	2.07	$	0.48	$	5.30	$	2.74

Consolidated Net Income	$	778,648	$	168,646	$	1,994,977	$	964,598
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative hedge agreements		8,280		(49,175)		45,366		(51,034)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings		(404)		(477)		(7,022)		(1,435)
Currency translation adjustments		(11,199)		20,525		(40,968)		(18,983)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other		(71)		(27)		(304)		245
Comprehensive income		775,254		139,492		1,992,049		893,391
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		97,451		18,074		249,091		115,008
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders	$	677,803	$	121,418	$	1,742,958	$	778,383

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2021		2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Consolidated Net Income	$	1,994,977	$	964,598
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		985,116		1,017,517
Loss on debt extinguishment		31,552		—
(Gain) loss on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		(201,600)		98,168
Gain on exchange of equity interests		(159,828)		—
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		8,121		20,125
Straight-line lease loss		19,014		6,539
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities		(562,138)		(156,610)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities		319,041		152,712
Changes in assets and liabilities
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net		260,470		(625,107)
Deferred costs and other assets		(51,079)		(87,027)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, deferred revenues and other liabilities		108,825		40,706
Net cash provided by operating activities		2,752,471		1,431,621
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisitions		(157,080)		(107,797)
Funding of loans to related parties		(15,419)		(6,393)
Repayments of loans to related parties		8,381		—
Capital expenditures, net		(419,477)		(396,004)
Cash impact from the consolidation of properties		5,595		—
Investments in unconsolidated entities		(48,156)		(172,598)
Purchase of equity instruments		(16,769)		(30,427)
Proceeds from sales of equity instruments		—		30,000
Insurance proceeds for property restoration		7,030		8,746
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities and other		137,031		214,389
Net cash used in investing activities		(498,864)		(460,084)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sales of common stock and other, net of transaction costs		(246)		(247)
Purchase of shares related to stock grant recipients' tax withholdings		(2,318)		(854)
Redemption of limited partner units		(57)		(16,087)
Purchase of treasury stock		—		(152,589)
Proceeds from the special purpose acquisition company IPO, net of transaction costs		338,121		—
Establishment of trust account for special purpose acquisition company		(345,000)		—
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders in properties		(1,640)		(5,766)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest holders in properties		16,736		28
Preferred distributions of the Operating Partnership		(1,436)		(1,436)
Distributions to stockholders and preferred dividends		(1,809,156)		(1,044,591)
Distributions to limited partners		(258,995)		(158,650)
Cash paid to extinguish debt		(30,009)		—
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of transaction costs		7,353,120		11,363,272
Repayments of debt		(8,085,917)		(10,541,677)
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,826,797)		(558,597)
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(573,190)		412,940
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period		1,011,613		669,373
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period	$	438,423	$	1,082,313

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Dollars in thousands)


					Accumulated						Common
					Other		Capital in				Stock
	Preferred		Common		Comprehensive		Excess of		Accumulated		Held in		Noncontrolling		Total
	Stock		Stock		Income (Loss)		Par Value		Deficit		Treasury		interests		Equity
December 31, 2020	$	42,091	$	34	$	(188,675)	$	11,179,688	$	(6,102,314)	$	(1,891,352)	$	432,874	$	3,472,346
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(82)														(82)
Stock incentive program (37,976 common shares)								(7,214)				7,214				—
Redemption of limited partner units (316 units)								(34)						(3)		(37)
Amortization of stock incentive								4,231								4,231
Long-term incentive performance units														5,014		5,014
Issuance of unit equivalents and other								(4,313)		(2,681)				15,822		8,828
Unrealized gain on hedging activities						31,333								4,514		35,847
Currency translation adjustments						(20,878)								(3,005)		(23,883)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						(276)								(40)		(316)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(5,370)								(773)		(6,143)
Other comprehensive income						4,809								696		5,505
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								4,849						(4,849)		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(428,712)				(61,558)		(490,270)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(577)		(577)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and an $897 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										446,694				64,184		510,878
March 31, 2021	$	42,009	$	34	$	(183,866)	$	11,177,207	$	(6,087,013)	$	(1,884,138)	$	451,603	$	3,515,836
Exchange of limited partner units (58,571 common shares, note 8)								539						(539)		—
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(82)														(82)
Stock incentive program (41,574 common shares, net)								(1,945)				1,945				—
Redemption of limited partner units (170 units)								(19)						(1)		(20)
Amortization of stock incentive								5,204								5,204
Long-term incentive performance units														5,333		5,333
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (20,374 common shares repurchased)								9,336		(1,212)		(2,318)		1,135		6,941
Unrealized gain on hedging activities						1,079								160		1,239
Currency translation adjustments						(5,176)								(710)		(5,886)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						72								10		82
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(416)								(59)		(475)
Other comprehensive income						(4,441)								(599)		(5,040)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								3,452						(3,452)		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(460,986)				(66,105)		(527,091)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(54)		(54)
Net income, excluding $478 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $1,021 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										618,092				88,320		706,412
June 30, 2021	$	41,927	$	34	$	(188,307)	$	11,193,774	$	(5,931,119)	$	(1,884,511)	$	475,641	$	3,707,439
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(82)														(82)
Amortization of stock incentive								4,718								4,718
Long-term incentive performance units														(2,475)		(2,475)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other										(44,669)				(381)		(45,050)
Unrealized gain on hedging activities						7,239								1,040		8,279
Currency translation adjustments						(9,790)								(1,409)		(11,199)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						(62)								(9)		(71)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(354)								(50)		(404)
Other comprehensive income						(2,967)								(428)		(3,395)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								2,841						(2,841)		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(494,311)				(71,009)		(565,320)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(54)		(54)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $742 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										680,770				98,141		778,911
September 30, 2021	$	41,845	$	34	$	(191,274)	$	11,201,333	$	(5,789,329)	$	(1,884,511)	$	496,594	$	3,874,692

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, Inc.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Dollars in thousands)


					Accumulated						Common
					Other		Capital in				Stock
	Preferred		Common		Comprehensive		Excess of		Accumulated		Held in		Noncontrolling		Total
	Stock		Stock		Income (Loss)		Par Value		Deficit		Treasury		interests		Equity
December 31, 2019	$	42,420	$	32	$	(118,604)	$	9,756,073	$	(5,379,952)	$	(1,773,571)	$	384,852	$	2,911,250
Exchange of limited partner units (132,946 common shares, note 8)								1,076						(1,076)		—
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(82)														(82)
Stock incentive program (1,081 common shares forfeited)								—								—
Redemption of limited partner units (116,072 units)								(15,127)						(940)		(16,067)
Amortization of stock incentive								1,891								1,891
Treasury stock purchase (1,245,654 shares)												(152,589)				(152,589)
Long-term incentive performance units														4,987		4,987
Issuance of unit equivalents and other								29		3,287				26		3,342
Unrealized gain on hedging activities						19,510								2,963		22,473
Currency translation adjustments						(20,505)								(3,099)		(23,604)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						715								109		824
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(417)								(63)		(480)
Other comprehensive income						(697)								(90)		(787)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								24,233						(24,233)		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(645,259)				(98,099)		(743,358)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(3,167)		(3,167)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $608 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										438,439				67,094		505,533
March 31, 2020	$	42,338	$	32	$	(119,301)	$	9,768,175	$	(5,583,485)	$	(1,926,160)	$	329,354	$	2,510,953
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(82)														(82)
Stock incentive program (155,610 common shares, net)								(9,317)				9,317				—
Amortization of stock incentive								4,969								4,969
Long-term incentive performance units														3,229		3,229
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (15,561 common shares repurchased)								1		23,753		(855)		(2)		22,897
Unrealized loss on hedging activities						(21,116)								(3,216)		(24,332)
Currency translation adjustments						(13,815)								(2,088)		(15,903)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						(479)								(73)		(552)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(415)								(63)		(478)
Other comprehensive income						(35,825)								(5,440)		(41,265)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								(769)						769		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(398,499)				(60,510)		(459,009)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(244)		(244)
Net income, excluding $478 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $3,921 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										255,048				38,943		293,991
June 30, 2020	$	42,256	$	32	$	(155,126)	$	9,763,059	$	(5,703,183)	$	(1,917,698)	$	306,099	$	2,335,439
Exchange of limited partner units (61,968 common shares, note 8)								403						(403)		—
Series J preferred stock premium amortization		(83)														(83)
Stock incentive program (3,825 common shares forfeited)								—								—
Redemption of limited partner units (586 units)								(36)						16		(20)
Amortization of stock incentive								2,594								2,594
Long-term incentive performance units														(4,004)		(4,004)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other								1		1,830				5		1,836
Unrealized loss on hedging activities						(42,683)								(6,492)		(49,175)
Currency translation adjustments						17,778								2,746		20,524
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other						(23)								(4)		(27)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings						(414)								(63)		(477)
Other comprehensive income						(25,342)								(3,813)		(29,155)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership								(4,043)						4,043		—
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests										(398,573)				(60,447)		(459,020)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners														(43)		(43)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $505 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties										146,760				21,912		168,672
September 30, 2020	$	42,173	$	32	$	(180,468)	$	9,761,978	$	(5,953,166)	$	(1,917,698)	$	263,365	$	2,016,216

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, L.P.

Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except unit amounts)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
ASSETS:
Investment properties, at cost	$	37,984,645	$	38,050,196
Less — accumulated depreciation		15,410,030		14,891,937
		22,574,615		23,158,259
Cash and cash equivalents		438,423		1,011,613
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net		935,053		1,236,734
Investment in TRG, at equity		3,396,169		3,451,897
Investment in Klépierre, at equity		1,672,858		1,729,690
Investment in other unconsolidated entities, at equity		2,972,049		2,603,571
Right-of-use assets, net		506,236		512,914
Investments held in trust - special purpose acquisition company		345,000		—
Deferred costs and other assets		1,105,736		1,082,168
Total assets	$	33,946,139	$	34,786,846
LIABILITIES:
Mortgages and unsecured indebtedness	$	25,584,372	$	26,723,361
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, and deferred revenues		1,324,603		1,311,925
Cash distributions and losses in unconsolidated entities, at equity		1,573,563		1,577,393
Distribution payable		1,452		486,922
Lease liabilities		509,071		515,492
Other liabilities		525,361		513,515
Total liabilities		29,518,422		31,128,608
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred units, various series, at liquidation value, and noncontrolling redeemable interests		553,025		185,892
EQUITY:
Partners’ Equity
Preferred units, 796,948 units outstanding. Liquidation value of $39,847		41,845		42,091
General Partner, 328,619,163 and 328,501,416 units outstanding, respectively		3,336,253		2,997,381
Limited Partners, 47,263,155 and 47,322,212 units outstanding, respectively		479,827		431,784
Total partners’ equity		3,857,925		3,471,256
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests in properties, net		16,767		1,090
Total equity		3,874,692		3,472,346
Total liabilities and equity	$	33,946,139	$	34,786,846

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, L.P.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in thousands, except per unit amounts)


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
REVENUE:
Lease income	$	1,207,923	$	993,831	$	3,511,806	$	3,269,572
Management fees and other revenues		27,024		21,345		78,381		71,545
Other income		61,607		45,498		200,465		134,957
Total revenue		1,296,554		1,060,674		3,790,652		3,476,074
EXPENSES:
Property operating		108,556		91,236		291,248		267,479
Depreciation and amortization		311,381		333,755		942,851		986,157
Real estate taxes		117,094		112,311		347,800		347,075
Repairs and maintenance		21,735		18,971		62,126		57,482
Advertising and promotion		38,635		14,751		87,685		60,967
Home and regional office costs		48,667		39,960		132,365		130,420
General and administrative		6,909		3,016		20,739		17,206
Other		31,253		42,650		84,180		99,527
Total operating expenses		684,230		656,650		1,968,994		1,966,313
OPERATING INCOME BEFORE OTHER ITEMS		612,324		404,024		1,821,658		1,509,761
Interest expense		(199,772)		(201,858)		(602,207)		(586,545)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		(28,593)		—		(31,552)		—
Gain on exchange of equity interests (Note 6)		159,828		—		159,828		—
Income and other tax (expense) benefit		(67,262)		(2,779)		(108,367)		3,065
Income from unconsolidated entities		198,524		61,823		562,138		156,610
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		(4,944)		(1,279)		(8,121)		(20,125)
Gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		108,543		(91,285)		201,600		(98,168)
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME		778,648		168,646		1,994,977		964,598
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(405)		(753)		(2,875)		(4,551)
Preferred unit requirements		1,313		1,313		3,939		3,939
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNITHOLDERS	$	777,740	$	168,086	$	1,993,913	$	965,210
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNITHOLDERS ATTRIBUTABLE TO:
General Partner	$	679,936	$	145,928	$	1,743,053	$	837,744
Limited Partners		97,804		22,158		250,860		127,466
Net income attributable to unitholders	$	777,740	$	168,086	$	1,993,913	$	965,210
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER UNIT:
Net income attributable to unitholders	$	2.07	$	0.48	$	5.30	$	2.74

Consolidated Net Income	$	778,648	$	168,646	$	1,994,977	$	964,598
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative hedge agreements		8,280		(49,175)		45,366		(51,034)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings		(404)		(477)		(7,022)		(1,435)
Currency translation adjustments		(11,199)		20,525		(40,968)		(18,983)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other		(71)		(27)		(304)		245
Comprehensive income		775,254		139,492		1,992,049		893,391
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		336		(246)		(215)		483
Comprehensive income attributable to unitholders	$	774,918	$	139,738	$	1,992,264	$	892,908

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, L.P.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2021		2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Consolidated Net Income	$	1,994,977	$	964,598
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		985,116		1,017,517
Loss on debt extinguishment		31,552		—
(Gain) loss on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		(201,600)		98,168
Gain on exchange of equity interests		(159,828)		—
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		8,121		20,125
Straight-line lease loss		19,014		6,539
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities		(562,138)		(156,610)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities		319,041		152,712
Changes in assets and liabilities
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net		260,470		(625,107)
Deferred costs and other assets		(51,079)		(87,027)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, deferred revenues and other liabilities		108,825		40,706
Net cash provided by operating activities		2,752,471		1,431,621
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisitions		(157,080)		(107,797)
Funding of loans to related parties		(15,419)		(6,393)
Repayments of loans to related parties		8,381		—
Capital expenditures, net		(419,477)		(396,004)
Cash impact from the consolidation of properties		5,595		—
Investments in unconsolidated entities		(48,156)		(172,598)
Purchase of equity instruments		(16,769)		(30,427)
Proceeds from sale of equity instruments		—		30,000
Insurance proceeds for property restoration		7,030		8,746
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities and other		137,031		214,389
Net cash used in investing activities		(498,864)		(460,084)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Issuance of units and other		(246)		(247)
Purchase of units related to stock grant recipients' tax withholdings		(2,318)		(854)
Redemption of limited partner units		(57)		(16,087)
Purchase of general partner units		—		(152,589)
Proceeds from the special purpose acquisition company IPO, net of transaction costs		338,121		—
Establishment of trust account for special purpose acquisition company		(345,000)		—
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders in properties		(1,640)		(5,766)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest holders in properties		16,736		28
Partnership distributions		(2,069,587)		(1,204,677)
Cash paid to extinguish debt		(30,009)		—
Mortgage and unsecured indebtedness proceeds, net of transaction costs		7,353,120		11,363,272
Mortgage and unsecured indebtedness principal payments		(8,085,917)		(10,541,677)
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,826,797)		(558,597)
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(573,190)		412,940
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period		1,011,613		669,373
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period	$	438,423	$	1,082,313

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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Simon Property Group, L.P.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Dollars in thousands)


	Preferred		Simon (Managing		Limited		Noncontrolling		Total
	Units		General Partner)		Partners		interests		Equity
December 31, 2020	$	42,091	$	2,997,381	$	431,784	$	1,090	$	3,472,346
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(82)								(82)
Stock incentive program (37,976 common units)				—						—
Amortization of stock incentive				4,231						4,231
Redemption of limited partner units (316 units)				(34)		(3)				(37)
Long-term incentive performance units						5,014				5,014
Issuance of unit equivalents and other				(6,994)				15,822		8,828
Unrealized gain on hedging activities				31,333		4,514				35,847
Currency translation adjustments				(20,878)		(3,005)				(23,883)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				(276)		(40)				(316)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(5,370)		(773)				(6,143)
Other comprehensive income				4,809		696				5,505
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				4,849		(4,849)				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(834)		(427,878)		(61,558)		(577)		(490,847)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and an $897 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		834		445,860		64,225		(41)		510,878
March 31, 2021	$	42,009	$	3,022,224	$	435,309	$	16,294	$	3,515,836
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(82)								(82)
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (58,571 units)				539		(539)				—
Stock incentive program (41,574 common units, net)				—						—
Amortization of stock incentive				5,204						5,204
Redemption of limited partner units (170 units)				(19)		(1)				(20)
Long-term incentive performance units						5,333				5,333
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (20,374 common units)				5,806				1,135		6,941
Unrealized gain on hedging activities				1,079		160				1,239
Currency translation adjustments				(5,176)		(710)				(5,886)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				72		10				82
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(416)		(59)				(475)
Other comprehensive income				(4,441)		(599)				(5,040)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				3,452		(3,452)				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(835)		(460,151)		(66,105)		(54)		(527,145)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $478 and a $1,021 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		835		617,257		88,830		(510)		706,412
June 30, 2021	$	41,927	$	3,189,871	$	458,776	$	16,865	$	3,707,439
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(82)								(82)
Amortization of stock incentive				4,718						4,718
Long-term incentive performance units						(2,475)				(2,475)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other				(44,669)		(1)		(380)		(45,050)
Unrealized gain on hedging activities				7,239		1,040				8,279
Currency translation adjustments				(9,790)		(1,409)				(11,199)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				(62)		(9)				(71)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(354)		(50)				(404)
Other comprehensive income				(2,967)		(428)				(3,395)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				2,841		(2,841)				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(834)		(493,477)		(71,009)		(54)		(565,374)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and a $742 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		834		679,936		97,805		336		778,911
September 30, 2021	$	41,845	$	3,336,253	$	479,827	$	16,767	$	3,874,692

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Table of Contents

Simon Property Group, L.P.

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Dollars in thousands)


	Preferred		Simon (Managing		Limited		Noncontrolling		Total
	Units		General Partner)		Partners		interests		Equity
December 31, 2019	$	42,420	$	2,483,978	$	378,339	$	6,513	$	2,911,250
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(82)								(82)
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (132,946 units)				1,076		(1,076)				—
Stock incentive program (1,081 common units forfeited)				—						—
Amortization of stock incentive				1,891						1,891
Redemption of limited partner units (116,072 units)				(15,127)		(940)				(16,067)
Treasury unit purchase (1,245,654 units)				(152,589)						(152,589)
Long-term incentive performance units						4,987				4,987
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (38,148 common units)				3,316				26		3,342
Unrealized gain on hedging activities				19,510		2,963				22,473
Currency translation adjustments				(20,505)		(3,099)				(23,604)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				715		109				824
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(417)		(63)				(480)
Other comprehensive income				(697)		(90)				(787)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				24,233		(24,233)				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(834)		(644,425)		(98,099)		(3,167)		(746,525)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and a $608 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		834		437,605		66,658		436		505,533
March 31, 2020	$	42,338	$	2,139,261	$	325,546	$	3,808	$	2,510,953
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(82)								(82)
Stock incentive program (155,610 common units, net)				—						—
Amortization of stock incentive				4,969						4,969
Long-term incentive performance units						3,229				3,229
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (1,264 units and 15,561 common units)				22,899		(2)				22,897
Unrealized loss on hedging activities				(21,116)		(3,216)				(24,332)
Currency translation adjustments				(13,815)		(2,088)				(15,903)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				(479)		(73)				(552)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(415)		(63)				(478)
Other comprehensive income				(35,825)		(5,440)				(41,265)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				(769)		769				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(835)		(397,664)		(60,510)		(244)		(459,253)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $478 and a $3,921 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		835		254,213		38,650		293		293,991
June 30, 2020	$	42,256	$	1,987,084	$	302,242	$	3,857	$	2,335,439
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization		(83)								(83)
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (61,968 units)				403		(403)				—
Stock incentive program (3,825 common units forfeited)				—						—
Amortization of stock incentive				2,594						2,594
Redemption of limited partner units (586 units)				(36)		16				(20)
Long-term incentive performance units						(4,004)				(4,004)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (632 units)				1,831		5				1,836
Unrealized loss on hedging activities				(42,683)		(6,492)				(49,175)
Currency translation adjustments				17,778		2,746				20,524
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other				(23)		(4)				(27)
Net gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings				(414)		(63)				(477)
Other comprehensive income				(25,342)		(3,813)				(29,155)
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership				(4,043)		4,043				—
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity		(834)		(397,739)		(60,447)		(43)		(459,063)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and a $505 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties		834		145,926		22,158		(246)		168,672
September 30, 2020	$	42,173	$	1,710,678	$	259,797	$	3,568	$	2,016,216

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Table of Contents

Simon Property Group, Inc.
Simon Property Group, L.P.
Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except share, per share, unit and per unit amounts
and where indicated in millions or billions)

1. Organization

Simon Property Group, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. REITs will generally not be liable for U.S. federal corporate income taxes as long as they distribute not less than 100% of their REIT taxable income. Simon Property Group, L.P. is our majority-owned Delaware partnership subsidiary that owns all of our real estate properties and other assets. According to the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to pay all expenses of Simon. In these condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements, unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to "Simon" mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the "Operating Partnership" mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to "we," "us" and "our" mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership. Unless otherwise indicated, these condensed notes to consolidated financial statements apply to both Simon and the Operating Partnership.

We own, develop and manage premier shopping, dining, entertainment and mixed-use destinations, which consist primarily of malls, Premium Outlets^®, and The Mills^®. As of September 30, 2021, we owned or held an interest in 201 income-producing properties in the United States, which consisted of 95 malls, 69 Premium Outlets, 14 Mills, six lifestyle centers, and 17 other retail properties in 37 states and Puerto Rico. We also own an 80% noncontrolling interest in the Taubman Realty Group, LLC, or TRG, which has an interest in 24 regional, super-regional, and outlet malls in the U.S. and Asia. Internationally, as of September 30, 2021, we had ownership in 32 Premium Outlets and Designer Outlet properties primarily located in Asia, Europe, and Canada. As of September 30, 2021, we also owned a 22.4% equity stake in Klépierre SA, or Klépierre, a publicly traded, Paris-based real estate company which owns, or has an interest in, shopping centers located in 15 countries in Europe.

2. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all controlled subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Due to the seasonal nature of certain operational activities, the results for the interim periods ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and include all of the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) for interim reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation (including normal recurring accruals) have been included. The consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the combined 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership. Certain reclassifications considered necessary for a fair presentation have been made to the prior period financial statements in order to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications have not changed the results of operations.

As of September 30, 2021, we consolidated 131 wholly-owned properties and 18 additional properties that are less than wholly-owned, but which we control or for which we are the primary beneficiary. We account for the remaining 84 properties, or the joint venture properties, as well as our investments in Klépierre, HBS Global Properties, or HBS, TRG, and our retailer investments in Authentic Brands Group, LLC, or ABG, J.C. Penney, Rue Gilt Groupe, or RGG and SPARC Group, which includes Forever 21 as of February 17, 2021, using the equity method of accounting, as we have determined we have significant influence over their operations. We manage the day-to-day operations of 53 of the 84 joint venture properties, but have determined that our partner or partners have substantive participating rights with respect to the assets and operations of these joint venture properties. Our investments in joint ventures in Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand, Canada, Spain, and the United Kingdom comprise 23 of the remaining 31 properties. These international properties are managed by joint ventures in which we share control.

Preferred distributions of the Operating Partnership are accrued at declaration and represent distributions on outstanding preferred units of partnership interests, or preferred units, and are included in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. We allocate net operating results of the Operating Partnership after preferred distributions to limited partners and to Simon based on the partners’ respective weighted average ownership interests in the Operating Partnership. Net operating results of the

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Operating Partnership attributable to limited partners are reflected in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. Simon’s weighted average ownership interest in the Operating Partnership was 87.4% and 86.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, Simon’s ownership interest in the Operating Partnership was 87.4%. We adjust the noncontrolling limited partners’ interests at the end of each period to reflect their interest in the net assets of the Operating Partnership.

Preferred unit requirements in the Operating Partnership’s accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income represent distributions on outstanding preferred units and are recorded when declared.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash equivalents generally consist of commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, Eurodollars, repurchase agreements, and money market deposits or securities. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk include our cash and cash equivalents and our trade accounts receivable. We place our cash and cash equivalents with institutions of high credit quality. However, at certain times, such cash and cash equivalents are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Securities Investor Protection Corporation insurance limits.

Equity Instruments and Debt Securities

Equity instruments and debt securities consist primarily of equity instruments, our deferred compensation plan investments, the debt securities of our captive insurance subsidiary, and certain investments held to fund the debt service requirements of debt previously secured by investment properties. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had equity instruments with readily determinable fair values of $94.2 million and $41.9 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of these equity instruments are recorded in unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had equity instruments without readily determinable fair values of $250.2 million and $309.3 million, respectively, for which we have elected the measurement alternative. We regularly evaluate these investments for any impairment in their estimated fair value, as well as any observable price changes for an identical or similar equity instrument of the same issuer, and recorded a $14.0 million loss in the third quarter of 2021, which is included in unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Our deferred compensation plan equity instruments are valued based upon quoted market prices. The investments have a matching liability as the amounts are fully payable to the employees that earned the compensation. Changes in value of these securities and changes to the matching liability to employees are both recognized in earnings and, as a result, there is no impact to consolidated net income.

At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we held debt securities of $56.9 million and $40.5 million, respectively, in our captive insurance subsidiary. The types of securities included in the investment portfolio of our captive insurance subsidiary are typically U.S. Treasury or other U.S. government securities as well as corporate debt securities with maturities ranging from less than one year to ten years. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and are valued based upon quoted market prices or other observable inputs when quoted market prices are not available. The amortized cost of debt securities, which approximates fair value, held by our captive insurance subsidiary is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Changes in the values of these securities are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the gain or loss is realized or until any unrealized loss is deemed to be other-than-temporary. We review any declines in value of these securities for other-than-temporary impairment and consider the severity and duration of any decline in value. To the extent an other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred, an impairment is recorded and a new cost basis is established.

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Our captive insurance subsidiary is required to maintain statutory minimum capital and surplus as well as maintain a minimum liquidity ratio. Therefore, our access to these securities may be limited.

Fair Value Measurements

Level 1 fair value inputs are quoted prices for identical items in active, liquid and visible markets such as stock exchanges. Level 2 fair value inputs are observable information for similar items in active or inactive markets, and appropriately consider counterparty creditworthiness in the valuations. Level 3 fair value inputs reflect our best estimate of inputs and assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and significant to the valuation estimate. We have no investments for which fair value is measured on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.

The equity instruments with readily determinable fair values we held at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were primarily classified as having Level 1 and Level 2 fair value inputs. In addition, we had derivative instruments which were classified as having Level 2 inputs, which consist primarily of foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swap agreements with a gross asset balance of $3.9 million at September 30, 2021 and an insignificant gross asset balance at December 31, 2020, and a gross liability balance of $0.1 million and $44.6 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Note 7 includes a discussion of the fair value of debt measured using Level 2 inputs. Level 3 inputs to our purchase accounting and impairment analyses include our estimations of net operating results of the property, capitalization rates and discount rates.

Noncontrolling Interests

Simon

Details of the carrying amount of our noncontrolling interests are as follows:


	As of		As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Limited partners’ interests in the Operating Partnership	$	479,827	$	431,784
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests in properties, net		16,767		1,090
Total noncontrolling interests reflected in equity	$	496,594	$	432,874

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (which includes nonredeemable and redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated properties, limited partners’ interests in the Operating Partnership and preferred distributions payable by the Operating Partnership on its outstanding preferred units) is a component of consolidated net income. In addition, the individual components of other comprehensive income (loss) are presented in the aggregate for both controlling and noncontrolling interests, with the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests deducted from comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders.

The Operating Partnership

Our evaluation of the appropriateness of classifying the Operating Partnership’s common units of partnership interest, or units, held by Simon and the Operating Partnership's limited partners within permanent equity considered several significant factors. First, as a limited partnership, all decisions relating to the Operating Partnership’s operations and distributions are made by Simon, acting as the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner. The decisions of the general partner are made by Simon's Board of Directors or management. The Operating Partnership has no other governance structure. Secondly, the sole asset of Simon is its interest in the Operating Partnership. As a result, a share of common stock of Simon, or common stock, if owned by

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the Operating Partnership, is best characterized as being similar to a treasury share and thus not an asset of the Operating Partnership.

Limited partners of the Operating Partnership have the right under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement to exchange their units for shares of common stock or cash, as selected by Simon as the sole general partner. Accordingly, we classify units held by limited partners in permanent equity because Simon may elect to issue shares of common stock to limited partners exercising their exchange rights rather than using cash. Under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to redeem units held by Simon only when Simon has repurchased shares of common stock. We classify units held by Simon in permanent equity because the decision to redeem those units would be made by Simon.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (which includes nonredeemable and redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated properties) is a component of consolidated net income.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Simon

The total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to Simon’s currency translation adjustment was ($177.0) million and ($136.2) million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,

	2021		2020		2021		2020		Affected line item where net income is presented
Currency translation adjustments	$	—	$	—	$	5,660	$	—	Gain on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net
		—		—		(712)		—	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
	$	—	$	—	$	4,948	$	—

Accumulated derivative gains	$	404	$	477	$	1,362	$	1,435	Interest expense
		(50)		(63)		(171)		(189)	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
	$	354	$	414	$	1,191	$	1,246

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The Operating Partnership

The total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the Operating Partnership’s currency translation adjustment was ($202.4) million and ($155.8) million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,

	2021		2020		2021		2020		Affected line item where net income is presented
Currency translation adjustments	$	—	$	—	$	5,660	$	—	Gain on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net

Accumulated derivative gains	$	404	$	477	$	1,362	$	1,435	Interest expense

Derivative Financial Instruments

We record all derivatives on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether we have designated a derivative as a hedge and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. We may use a variety of derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business to selectively manage or hedge a portion of the risks associated with our indebtedness and interest payments. Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps and caps. We require that hedging derivative instruments be highly effective in reducing the risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. We formally designate any instrument that meets these hedging criteria as a hedge at the inception of the derivative contract. We have no credit-risk-related hedging or derivative activities.

As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had no outstanding interest rate derivatives. We generally do not apply hedge accounting to interest rate caps, which had a nominal value as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

We may enter into treasury lock agreements as part of an anticipated debt issuance. Upon completion of the debt issuance, the fair value of these instruments is recorded as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt agreement.

The unamortized gain on our treasury locks and terminated hedges recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income was $7.1 million as of September 30, 2021, compared to an unamortized gain of $8.7 million as of December 31, 2020. Within the next 12 months, we expect to reclassify to earnings approximately $0.2 million of gains related to terminated interest rate swaps from the current balance held in accumulated other comprehensive income.

We are also exposed to foreign currency risk on financings of certain foreign operations. Our intent is to offset gains and losses that occur on the underlying exposures, with gains and losses on the derivative contracts hedging these exposures. We do not enter into either interest rate protection or foreign currency rate protection agreements for speculative purposes.

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We are also exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on financial instruments which are denominated in foreign currencies, primarily in Yen and Euro. We use currency forward contracts, cross currency swap contracts and foreign currency denominated debt to manage our exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates on certain Yen and Euro-denominated receivables and net investments. Currency forward contracts involve fixing the Yen:USD or Euro:USD exchange rate for delivery of a specified amount of foreign currency on a specified date. The currency forward contracts are typically cash settled in U.S. dollars for their fair value at or close to their settlement date.

We had the following Euro:USD forward contracts designated as net investment hedges at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in millions):


			Asset (Liability) Value as of
			September 30,		December 31,
Notional Value		Maturity Date	2021		2020
€	100.0	March 24, 2021		—		(3.9)
€	100.0	March 24, 2021		—		(3.8)
€	50.0	March 24, 2021		—		(2.3)
€	50.0	March 24, 2021		—		(2.2)
€	50.0	May 14, 2021		—		(2.2)
€	50.0	May 14, 2021		—		(2.2)
€	41.0	May 14, 2021		—		(1.9)
€	20.0	May 14, 2021		—		(1.7)
€	50.0	May 14, 2021		—		(2.1)
€	50.0	May 14, 2021		—		(6.4)
€	30.0	May 14, 2021		—		(2.6)
€	60.0	December 20, 2021		0.1		(4.2)
€	60.0	December 20, 2021		0.1		(4.1)
€	30.0	December 20, 2021		(0.1)		(2.2)
€	28.0	December 20, 2021		0.7		—
€	50.0	July 15, 2021		—		(0.1)
€	41.0	July 15, 2021		—		(0.1)
€	50.0	July 15, 2021		—		(0.1)
€	61.0	September 17, 2021		—		(1.3)
€	61.0	September 17, 2021		—		(1.2)
€	60.0	March 15, 2022		1.5		—
€	62.0	September 15, 2022		1.5		—

Asset balances in the above table are included in deferred costs and other assets. Liability balances in the above table are included in other liabilities.

We have designated certain currency forward contracts and the cross-currency swap as net investment hedges. Accordingly, we report the changes in fair value in other comprehensive income (loss). Changes in the value of these forward contracts are offset by changes in the underlying hedged Euro-denominated joint venture investments.

The total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to Simon’s derivative activities, including our share of other comprehensive income (loss) from unconsolidated entities, was ($14.8) million and ($53.2) million as of September 30, 2021

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and December 31, 2020, respectively. The total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the Operating Partnership’s derivative activities, including our share of other comprehensive income (loss) from unconsolidated entities, was ($16.9) million and ($60.9) million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Simon Property Group Acquisition Holdings, Inc.

The Company sponsored, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, a special purpose acquisition corporation, or SPAC, named Simon Property Group Acquisition Holdings, Inc. On February 18, 2021, the SPAC announced the pricing of its initial public offering, which was consummated on February 23, 2021, generating gross proceeds of $345.0 million, which have been placed in a trust account and is included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet in Investments held in trust – special purpose acquisition company. The SPAC is a consolidated VIE which was formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination. The Company accounts for the noncontrolling interest in the SPAC as noncontrolling redeemable interests as these instruments are redeemable at the option of the holder and are classified as temporary equity at their redemption value in Simon’s accompanying consolidated balance sheet in Limited partners preferred interest in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests and in the Operating Partnership’s accompanying consolidated balance sheet in Preferred units, various series, at liquidation value, and noncontrolling redeemable interests.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform,” which provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the US GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. Additional optional expedients, exceptions, and clarifications were created in ASU 2021-01. The guidance is effective upon issuance and generally can be applied to any contract modifications or existing and new hedging relationships through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the impact that the expected market transition from LIBOR to alternative references rates will have on our financial statements as well as the applicability of the aforementioned expedients and exceptions provided in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01.

4. Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Unless otherwise noted, gains and losses on property transactions are included in gain on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. We capitalize asset acquisition costs and expense costs related to business combinations, as well as disposition related costs as they are incurred. We incurred a minimal amount of transaction expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

2021 Dispositions

In July 2021, we recorded a gain of $88.0 million related to the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $120.9 million non-recourse mortgage.

During the first quarter of 2021, we recorded a gain of $89.3 million related to the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $180 million non-recourse mortgage.

2020 Dispositions

On October 1, 2020, we disposed of our interest in one consolidated retail property. A portion of the gross proceeds on this transaction of $33.4 million was used to partially repay a cross-collateralized mortgage. Our share of the $12.3 million gain is included in gain on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statement of operation and comprehensive income.

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5. Per Share and Per Unit Data

We determine basic earnings per share and basic earnings per unit based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock or units, as applicable, outstanding during the period and we consider any participating securities for purposes of applying the two-class method. We determine diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock or units, as applicable, outstanding combined with the incremental weighted average number of shares or units, as applicable, that would have been outstanding assuming all potentially dilutive securities were converted into shares of common stock or units, as applicable, at the earliest date possible. The following tables set forth the components of basic and diluted earnings per share and basic and diluted earnings per unit.

Simon


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income attributable to Common Stockholders — Basic and Diluted	$	679,936	$	145,926	$	1,743,053	$	837,744
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding — Basic and Diluted		328,619,163		305,913,431		328,576,315		306,099,266

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, potentially dilutive securities include units that are exchangeable for common stock and long-term incentive performance units, or LTIP units, granted under our long-term incentive performance programs that are convertible into units and exchangeable for common stock. No securities had a material dilutive effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. We have not adjusted net income attributable to common stockholders and weighted average shares outstanding for income allocable to limited partners or units, respectively, as doing so would have no dilutive impact. We accrue dividends when they are declared. On November 1, 2021 Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2021 of $1.65 per share.

The Operating Partnership


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income attributable to Unitholders — Basic and Diluted	$	777,740	$	168,086	$	1,993,913	$	965,210
Weighted Average Units Outstanding — Basic and Diluted		375,882,318		352,420,845		375,864,921		352,673,474

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, potentially dilutive securities include LTIP units. No securities had a material dilutive effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. We accrue distributions when they are declared. On November 1, 2021 Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash distribution for the fourth quarter of 2021 of $1.65 per unit.

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6. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities and International Investments

Real Estate Joint Ventures and Investments

Joint ventures are common in the real estate industry. We use joint ventures to finance properties, develop new properties and diversify our risk in a particular property or portfolio of properties. As discussed in note 2, we held joint venture interests in 84 properties as of September 30, 2021.

Certain of our joint venture properties are subject to various rights of first refusal, buy-sell provisions, put and call rights, or other sale or marketing rights for partners which are customary in real estate joint venture agreements and the industry. We and our partners in these joint ventures may initiate these provisions (subject to any applicable lock up or similar restrictions), which may result in either the sale of our interest or the use of available cash or borrowings, or the use of limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership, to acquire the joint venture interest from our partner.

We may provide financing to joint venture properties primarily in the form of interest bearing construction loans. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had construction loans and other advances to these related parties totaling $93.4 million and $88.4 million, respectively, which are included in deferred costs and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Unconsolidated Entity Transactions

On July 1, 2021, we contributed to ABG all of our interests in both the Forever 21 and Brooks Brothers licensing ventures in exchange for additional interests in ABG, bringing our total interest in ABG to approximately 11%. As a result, in the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax gain of $159.8 million representing the difference between the fair value of the interests received determined using Level 3 inputs and the carrying value of the licensing ventures less costs to sell. In connection with this transaction, we recorded deferred taxes of $47.9 million which is included in income and other tax (expense) benefit in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

On June 1, 2021, we and our partner, ABG, acquired the licensing rights of Eddie Bauer. Our non-controlling interest in the licensing venture is 49% and was acquired for cash consideration of $100.8 million.

During the second quarter of 2021, we sold our interest in one multi-family residential investment. Our share of the gross proceeds from this transaction was $27.1 million. The gain of $14.9 million on the sale is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income.

On December 29, 2020, we completed the acquisition of an 80% noncontrolling ownership interest in TRG, which has an interest in 24 regional, super-regional, and outlet malls in the U.S. and Asia. Under the terms of the transaction, we, through the Operating Partnership, acquired all of Taubman Centers, Inc., or Taubman, common stock for $43.00 per share in cash. Total consideration for the acquisition, including the redemption of Taubman’s $192.5 million 6.5% Series J Cumulative Preferred Shares and its $170.00 million 6.25% Series K Cumulative Preferred Shares, and the issuance of 955,705 Operating Partnership units, was approximately $3.5 billion. Our investment includes the 6.38% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units for $362.5 million issued to us. The purchase price allocations are preliminary and subject to revision within the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition. Substantially all of our investment has preliminarily been determined to relate to investment property based on estimated fair values at the acquisition date. Our share of net (loss) income was ($11.5 million) and ($49.9 million) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, which includes amortization of our excess investment of $31.6 million and $94.7 million, for the same periods. TRG’s total revenue, operating income before other items and consolidated net income were approximately $422.8 million, $137.3 million, and $55.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, before consideration of the amortization of our excess investment.

On December 7, 2020, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of J.C. Penney, a department store retailer, out of bankruptcy. Our non-controlling interest in the venture is 41.67% and was acquired for cash consideration of $125.0 million. The purchase price allocations are preliminary and subject to revision within the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition.

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In the third quarter of 2020, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $55.2 million, representing our equity method investment balance in three joint venture properties, which is included in gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2020, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $36.1 million, which is included in gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, to reduce our investment in HBS to its estimated fair value.

On February 19, 2020, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of Forever 21, a retailer of apparel and accessories, out of bankruptcy. The interests were acquired through two separate joint ventures, a licensing venture and an operating venture. Our aggregate investment in the ventures was $67.6 million. In connection with the acquisition of our interest, the Forever 21 joint venture recorded a non-cash bargain purchase gain in the second quarter of 2020, of which our share was $35.0 million pre-tax. In the first quarter of 2021, we and our partner, ABG, each acquired additional 12.5% interests in the licensing and operations of Forever 21, our share of which was $56.3 million, bringing our respective interests to 50%. Subsequently, the Forever 21 operations were merged into SPARC Group.

On September 15, 2016, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of Aéropostale, a retailer of apparel and accessories, out of bankruptcy, and subsequently renamed SPARC Group. The interests were acquired through two separate joint ventures, a licensing venture and an operating venture. In April 2018, we contributed our entire interest in the licensing venture in exchange for additional interests in ABG, a brand development, marketing, and entertainment company. In January 2020, we acquired additional interests of 5.05% and 1.37% in SPARC Group and ABG, respectively, for $6.7 million and $33.5 million, respectively. During the third quarter of 2020, SPARC Group acquired certain assets and operations of Brooks Brothers and Lucky Brands out of bankruptcy. During the second quarter of 2021, SPARC Group acquired certain assets and operations of Eddie Bauer. At September 30, 2021, our noncontrolling equity method interests in the operations venture of SPARC Group was 50.0%.

European Investments

At September 30, 2021, we owned 63,924,148 shares, or approximately 22.4%, of Klépierre, which had a quoted market price of $22.53 per share. Our share of net income, net of amortization of our excess investment, was $8.9 million and $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $115.9 million and $13.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Based on applicable Euro:USD exchange rates and after our conversion of Klépierre’s results to GAAP, Klépierre’s total revenues, operating income before other items and consolidated net income were approximately $840.4 million, $215.3 million and $619.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and $882.0 million, $195.2 million and $123.2 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, Klépierre elected to step-up the tax basis of certain assets in Italy, which triggered a one-time payment at a significantly reduced tax rate. As a result of the step-up in tax basis, a previously established deferred tax liability was reversed resulting in a non-cash gain, of which our share was $118.4 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded a $7.8 million net loss related to the impairment and disposition of certain assets of Klépierre. This transaction is included in gain (loss) on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

We have an interest in a European investee that had interests in 11 Designer Outlet properties as of September 30, 2021 and ten Designer Outlet properties as of December 31, 2020, seven of which are consolidated by us as of September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, our legal percentage ownership interests in these properties ranged from 23% to 94%.

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On January 1, 2021 our European investee gained control of Ochtrup Designer Outlets as a result of the expiration of certain participating rights held by a venture partner. This resulted in the consolidation of the property, requiring a remeasurement of our previously held equity interest to fair value and the recognition of a non-cash gain of $3.7 million in earnings during the first quarter of 2021, which includes amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the currency translation adjustment previously recorded on our investment. The gain is included in gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The determination of the fair value consisted of Level 2 and 3 inputs and was predominately allocated to investment property.

In addition, we have a 50.0% noncontrolling interest in a European property management and development company that provides services to the Designer Outlet properties.

We also have minority interests in Value Retail PLC and affiliated entities, which own or have interests in and operate nine luxury outlets located throughout Europe and we also have a direct minority ownership in three of those outlets. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the carrying value of these equity instruments without readily determinable fair values was $140.8 million and is included in deferred costs and other assets.

Asian Joint Ventures

We conduct our international Premium Outlet operations in Japan through a joint venture with Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. We have a 40% noncontrolling ownership interest in this joint venture. The carrying amount of our investment in this joint venture was $211.1 million and $216.8 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, including all related components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We conduct our international Premium Outlet operations in South Korea through a joint venture with Shinsegae International Co. We have a 50% noncontrolling ownership interest in this joint venture. The carrying amount of our investment in this joint venture was $187.3 million and $184.7 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, including all related components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

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Summary Financial Information

A summary of the combined balance sheets and statements of operations of our equity method investments and share of income from such investments, excluding our investments in HBS, Klépierre, and TRG as well as our retailer investments in ABG, J.C. Penney, RGG and SPARC Group, follows.

COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Assets:
Investment properties, at cost	$	19,867,502	$	20,079,476
Less - accumulated depreciation		8,287,531		8,003,863
		11,579,971		12,075,613
Cash and cash equivalents		1,368,859		1,169,422
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net		567,034		749,231
Right-of-use assets, net		161,758		185,598
Deferred costs and other assets		415,768		380,087
Total assets	$	14,093,390	$	14,559,951
Liabilities and Partners’ Deficit:
Mortgages	$	15,311,572	$	15,569,485
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, and deferred revenue		854,603		969,242
Lease liabilities		165,334		188,863
Other liabilities		405,134		426,321
Total liabilities		16,736,643		17,153,911
Preferred units		67,450		67,450
Partners’ deficit		(2,710,703)		(2,661,410)
Total liabilities and partners’ deficit	$	14,093,390	$	14,559,951
Our Share of:
Partners’ deficit	$	(1,161,814)	$	(1,130,713)
Add: Excess Investment		1,300,242		1,399,757
Our net Investment in unconsolidated entities, at equity	$	138,428	$	269,044

“Excess Investment” represents the unamortized difference of our investment over our share of the equity in the underlying net assets of the joint ventures or other investments acquired and has been determined to relate to the fair value of the investment properties, intangible assets, including goodwill, and debt premiums and discounts. We amortize excess investment over the life of the related depreciable components of assets acquired, typically no greater than 40 years, the terms of the applicable leases, the estimated useful lives of the finite lived intangibles, and the applicable debt maturity, respectively. The amortization is included in the reported amount of income from unconsolidated entities.

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COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
REVENUE:
Lease income	$	719,723	$	601,522	$	2,053,826	$	1,919,618
Other income		67,630		94,630		204,923		215,349
Total revenue		787,353		696,152		2,258,749		2,134,967
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Property operating		151,008		129,024		420,174		383,363
Depreciation and amortization		170,568		175,716		512,165		512,705
Real estate taxes		66,221		68,464		203,242		197,487
Repairs and maintenance		18,274		16,457		53,625		49,661
Advertising and promotion		18,238		9,901		52,479		42,669
Other		43,400		41,857		113,042		107,822
Total operating expenses		467,709		441,419		1,354,727		1,293,707
Operating Income Before Other Items		319,644		254,733		904,022		841,260
Interest expense		(154,501)		(154,579)		(453,145)		(463,629)
Gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities, net		—		—		33,371		—
Net Income	$	165,143	$	100,154	$	484,248	$	377,631
Third-Party Investors’ Share of Net Income	$	82,639	$	46,785	$	243,525	$	193,633
Our Share of Net Income		82,504		53,369		240,723		183,998
Amortization of Excess Investment		(15,199)		(20,543)		(49,794)		(62,144)
Our Share of Gain on Sale or Disposal of Assets and Interests in Other Income in the Consolidated Financial Statements		—		—		(14,941)		—
Income from Unconsolidated Entities	$	67,305	$	32,826	$	175,988	$	121,854

Our share of income from unconsolidated entities in the above table, aggregated with our share of results from our investments in HBS, Klépierre, and TRG as well as our retailer investments, is presented in income from unconsolidated entities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Unless otherwise noted, our share of the gain on acquisition of controlling interest sale or disposal of assets and interests in unconsolidated entities, net is reflected within gain (loss) on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

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7. Debt

Unsecured Debt

At September 30, 2021, our unsecured debt consisted of $18.4 billion of senior unsecured notes of the Operating Partnership, $125.0 million outstanding under the Operating Partnership’s $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Credit Facility, and $500.0 million outstanding under the Operating Partnership’s global unsecured commercial paper note program, or Commercial Paper program.

The Credit Facility also included an additional single, delayed-draw $2.0 billion term loan facility, or Term Facility, which the Operating Partnership drew on December 15, 2020.

At September 30, 2021, we had an aggregate available borrowing capacity of $6.9 billion under the Credit Facility and the Operating Partnership’s $3.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Supplemental Facility, and together with the Credit Facility, the Credit Facilities. The maximum aggregate outstanding balance under the Credit Facilities and the Term Facility, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $2.1 billion and the weighted average outstanding balance was $583.8 million. Letters of credit of $12.4 million were outstanding under the Credit Facilities as of September 30, 2021.

The Credit Facility can be increased in the form of additional commitments under the Credit Facility in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1.0 billion, for a total aggregate size of $5.0 billion, subject to obtaining additional lender commitments and satisfying certain customary conditions precedent. Borrowings may be denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro, Yen, Sterling, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. Borrowings in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are limited to 95% of the maximum revolving credit amount, as defined. The initial maturity date of the Credit Facility is June 30, 2024. The Credit Facility can be extended for two additional six-month periods to June 30, 2025, at our sole option, subject to satisfying certain customary conditions precedent.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest, at the Operating Partnership’s election, at either (i) LIBOR plus a margin determined by the Operating Partnership’s corporate credit rating of between 0.65% and 1.40% or (ii) the base rate (which rate is equal to the greatest of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50% or LIBOR plus 1.00%) (the “Base Rate”), plus a margin determined by the Operating Partnership’s corporate credit rating of between 0.00% and 0.40%. The Credit Facility includes a facility fee determined by the Operating Partnership’s corporate credit rating of between 0.10% and 0.30% on the aggregate revolving commitments under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility contains a money market competitive bid option program that allows the Operating Partnership to hold auctions to achieve lower pricing for short-term borrowings.

The Supplemental Facility’s initial borrowing capacity of $3.5 billion may be increased to $4.5 billion during its term and provides for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro, Yen, Sterling, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. The initial maturity date of the Supplemental Facility is June 30, 2022 and can be extended for an additional year to June 30, 2023 at our sole option, subject to our continued compliance with the terms thereof. The base interest rate on the Supplemental Facility is LIBOR plus 77.5 basis points with a facility fee of 10 basis points.

In October 2021, we amended and extended the Supplemental Facility. The newly refinanced facility will initially mature on January 31, 2026 and can be extended for an additional year to January 31, 2027 at the Company’s sole option, subject to satisfying certain customary conditions precedent. The facility provides for borrowings denominated in U.S. Dollars, Euro, Yen, Sterling, Canadian Dollars, and Australian Dollars.

Borrowings under the Supplemental Facility bear interest, at the Company’s election, at either (i) (x) for Term Benchmark Loans, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, the applicable Local Rate, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, or the Adjusted TIBOR Rate, (y) for RFR Loans, if denominated in Sterling, SONIA plus a benchmark adjustment and if denominated in Dollars, Daily Simple SOFR plus a benchmark adjustment, or (z) for Daily SOFR Loans, the Adjusted Floating Overnight Daily SOFR Rate, in each case of clauses (x) through (z) above, plus a margin determined by the Company’s corporate credit rating of between 0.650% and 1.400% or (ii) for loans denominated in U.S. Dollars only, the base rate (which rate is equal to the greatest of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.500% or Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for one month plus 1.000%) (the “Base Rate”), plus a margin determined by the Company’s corporate credit rating of between 0.000% and 0.400%. The Supplemental Facility includes a facility fee determined by the Company’s corporate credit rating of between 0.100% and 0.300% on the aggregate revolving commitments

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under the Supplemental Facility. Based upon the Company’s current credit ratings, the interest rate on the new revolver is SOFR plus 72.5 basis points, plus a spread adjustment to account for the transition from LIBOR to SOFR.

The Operating Partnership also has available a Commercial Paper program of $2.0 billion, or the non-U.S. dollar equivalent thereof. The Operating Partnership may issue unsecured commercial paper notes, denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro and other currencies. Notes issued in non-U.S. currencies may be issued by one or more subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership and are guaranteed by the Operating Partnership. Notes are sold under customary terms in the U.S. and Euro commercial paper note markets and rank (either by themselves or as a result of the guarantee described above) pari passu with the Operating Partnership’s other unsecured senior indebtedness. The Commercial Paper program is supported by the Credit Facilities and if necessary or appropriate, we may make one or more draws under either of the Credit Facilities to pay amounts outstanding from time to time on the Commercial Paper program. On September 30, 2021, we had $500.0 million outstanding under the Commercial Paper program, fully comprised of U.S. dollar-denominated notes with a weighted average interest rate of 0.20%. These borrowings have a weighted average maturity date of November 1, 2021 and reduce amounts otherwise available under the Credit Facilities.

On January 21, 2021, the Operating Partnership completed the issuance of the following senior unsecured notes: $800 million with a fixed interest rate of 1.75%, and $700 million with a fixed interest rate of 2.20%, with maturity dates of February 2028 and 2031, respectively.

On January 27, 2021, the Operating Partnership completed the optional redemption of its $550 million 2.50% notes due on July 15, 2021. We recorded a $3.0 million loss on extinguishment of debt as a result of the optional redemption. Further, on February 2, 2021, the Operating Partnership repaid $750 million under the Term Facility.

On March 19, 2021, the Operating Partnership completed the issuance of €750 million ($893.0 million U.S. dollar equivalent as of the issuance date) of senior unsecured notes at a fixed rate of 1.125% with a maturity date of March 19, 2033. Further, on March 23, 2021, the Operating Partnership repaid the remaining $1.25 billion under the Term Facility reducing it to zero.

On August 18, 2021, the Operating Partnership completed the issuance of the following senior unsecured notes: $550 million with a fixed interest rate of 1.375%, and $700 million with a fixed interest rate of 2.250%, with maturity dates of January 15 2027, and 2032, respectively.

In the third quarter, the Operating Partnership completed the optional redemption of all of its outstanding $550 million 2.350% notes due on January 30, 2022, $600 million 2.625% notes due on June 15, 2022, and $500 million 2.750% notes due on February 1, 2023. We recorded a $28.6 million loss on extinguishment of debt as a result of the optional redemptions.

Mortgage Debt

Total mortgage indebtedness was $6.6 billion and $7.0 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Covenants

Our unsecured debt agreements contain financial covenants and other non-financial covenants. The Facilities contain ongoing covenants relating to total and secured leverage to capitalization value, minimum earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, or EBITDA, and unencumbered EBITDA coverage requirements. Payment under the Facilities can be accelerated if the Operating Partnership or Simon is subject to bankruptcy proceedings or upon the occurrence of certain other events. If we were to fail to comply with these covenants, after the expiration of the applicable cure periods, the debt maturity could be accelerated or other remedies could be sought by the lender, including adjustments to the applicable interest rate. As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants of our unsecured debt.

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non-financial covenants which are specific to the properties that serve as collateral for that debt. If the applicable borrower under these non-recourse mortgage notes were to fail to comply with these covenants, the lender could accelerate the debt and enforce its rights against their collateral. At September 30, 2021, the applicable borrowers under these non-recourse mortgage notes were in compliance with all covenants where non-compliance could individually or in the aggregate, giving effect to applicable cross-default provisions, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

Fair Value of Debt

The carrying value of our variable-rate mortgages and other loans approximates their fair values. We estimate the fair values of consolidated fixed rate mortgages using cash flows discounted at current borrowing rates and other indebtedness using cash flows discounted at current market rates. We estimate the fair values of consolidated fixed rate unsecured notes using quoted market prices, or, if no quoted market prices are available, we use quoted market prices for securities with similar terms and maturities. The book value of our consolidated fixed rate mortgages and unsecured indebtedness including commercial paper was $24.3 billion and $23.4 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The fair values of these financial instruments and the related discount rate assumptions as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:


	September 30,			December 31,
	2021			2020
Fair value of consolidated fixed rate mortgages and unsecured indebtedness (in millions)	$	25,791		$	25,327
Weighted average discount rates assumed in calculation of fair value for fixed rate mortgages		2.86	%		2.41	%
Weighted average discount rates assumed in calculation of fair value for unsecured indebtedness		3.24	%		2.63	%

8. Equity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, Simon issued 58,571 shares of common stock to seven limited partners of the Operating Partnership in exchange for an equal number of units pursuant to the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Operating Partnership redeemed 486 units from two limited partners for $0.06 million. These transactions increased Simon’s ownership interest in the Operating Partnership.

On February 11, 2019, Simon's Board of Directors authorized a common stock repurchase plan. Under the plan, Simon was authorized to repurchase up to $2.0 billion of its common stock during the two-year period ending February 11, 2021 in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions as market conditions warrant. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Simon purchased 1,245,654 shares at an average price of $122.50 per share. As Simon repurchased shares under the program, the Operating Partnership repurchased an equal number of units from Simon.

We paid common stock dividends of $1.40 per share and $1.50 per share in the third quarter of 2021 and $5.50 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. We paid a common stock dividend of $1.30 per share for the third quarter of 2020 and $3.40 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. On November 1, 2021, Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2021 of $1.65 per share, payable on December 31, 2021 to shareholders of record on December 10, 2021. The distribution rate on units is equal to the dividend rate on common stock.

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Temporary Equity

Simon

Simon classifies as temporary equity those securities for which there is the possibility that Simon could be required to redeem the security for cash irrespective of the probability of such a possibility. As a result, Simon classifies one series of preferred units in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties in temporary equity. Each of these securities is discussed further below.

Limited Partners’ Preferred Interest in the Operating Partnership and Noncontrolling Redeemable Interests in Properties. The redemption features of the preferred units in the Operating Partnership contain provisions which could require the Operating Partnership to settle the redemption in cash. As a result, this series of preferred units in the Operating Partnership remains classified outside permanent equity. The remaining interests in a property or portfolio of properties which are redeemable at the option of the holder or in circumstances that may be outside Simon’s control are accounted for as temporary equity. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest is adjusted to the redemption amount assuming the instrument is redeemable at the balance sheet date. Changes in the redemption value of the underlying noncontrolling interest are recorded within accumulated deficit in the consolidated statements of equity in issuance of unit equivalents and other. There were no noncontrolling interests redeemable at amounts in excess of fair value as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The following table summarizes the preferred units in the Operating Partnership and the amount of the noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties as follows:


	As of		As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
7.50% Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, 260,000 units authorized, 255,373 issued and outstanding	$	25,537	$	25,537
Other noncontrolling redeemable interests		527,488		160,355
Limited partners’ preferred interest in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties	$	553,025	$	185,892

Refer to Note 3 for discussion of the noncontrolling redeemable interest related to the SPAC.

The Operating Partnership

The Operating Partnership classifies as temporary equity those securities for which there is the possibility that the Operating Partnership could be required to redeem the security for cash, irrespective of the probability of such a possibility. As a result, the Operating Partnership classifies one series of preferred units and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties in temporary equity. The following table summarizes the preferred units and the amount of the noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties as follows:


	As of		As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
7.50% Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, 260,000 units authorized, 255,373 issued and outstanding	$	25,537	$	25,537
Other noncontrolling redeemable interests		527,488		160,355
Total preferred units, at liquidation value, and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties	$	553,025	$	185,892

Refer to Note 3 for discussion of the noncontrolling redeemable interest related to the SPAC.

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Stock Based Compensation

Our long-term incentive compensation awards under our stock based compensation plans primarily take the form of LTIP units, restricted stock grants, and restricted stock units. These awards are either market or performance-based, and are based on various individual, corporate and business unit performance measures as further described below. The expense related to these programs, net of amounts capitalized, is included within home and regional office costs and general and administrative costs in the accompanying statements of operations and comprehensive income. In the first quarter of 2021, the Compensation Committee established and made awards under a 2021 Long-Term Incentive Program, or 2021 LTI Program. Awards under the 2021 LTI Program, took the form of LTIP units and restricted stock units as further discussed below.

LTIP Programs. The Compensation Committee has approved long-term, performance based incentive compensation programs, or the LTIP programs, for certain senior employees. Awards under the LTIP programs take the form of LTIP units, a form of limited partnership interest issued by the Operating Partnership, which are subject to the participant maintaining employment with us through certain dates and other conditions as described in the applicable award agreements. Awarded LTIP units not earned in accordance with the conditions set forth in the applicable award agreements are forfeited. Earned and fully vested LTIP units are equivalent to units of the Operating Partnership. During the performance period, participants are entitled to receive distributions on the LTIP units awarded to them equal to 10% of the regular quarterly distributions paid on a unit of the Operating Partnership. As a result, we account for these LTIP units as participating securities under the two-class method of computing earnings per share.

In 2018, the Compensation Committee established and granted awards under a redesigned LTIP program, or the 2018 LTIP program. Awards under the 2018 LTIP program were granted in two tranches, Tranche A LTIP units and Tranche B LTIP units. Each of the Tranche A LTIP units and the Tranche B LTIP units will be considered earned if, and only to the extent to which, the respective goals based on Funds From Operations, or FFO, per share or Relative TSR Goal performance criteria, as defined in the applicable award agreements, are achieved during the applicable two-year and three-year performance periods of the Tranche A LTIP units and Tranche B LTIP units, respectively. One half of the earned Tranche A LTIP units will vest on January 1, 2021 with the other one-half vesting on January 1, 2022.

The grant date fair value of the portion of the LTIP units based on achieving the target FFO performance criteria is $6.1 million for the Tranche A LTIP units and the Tranche B LTIP units, for a total of $12.1 million. The 2018 LTIP program provides that the value of the FFO-based award may be adjusted up or down based on the Company’s performance compared to the target FFO performance criteria and has a maximum potential fair value of $18.2 million.

In 2021 and 2019, the Compensation Committee established and granted awards under a redesigned LTIP program, or the 2021 LTIP program and the 2019 LTIP program, respectively. Awards under these programs will be considered earned if, and only to the extent to which, the respective performance conditions (based on Funds From Operations, or FFO, per share, and Objective Criteria Goals) and market conditions (based on Relative or absolute TSR performance), as defined in the applicable award agreements, are achieved during the applicable three-year measurement period, subject to the recipient’s continued employment through the applicable vesting dates. Any units determined to be earned LTIP units under the 2021 LTIP program will vest on January 1, 2025 and any units determined to be earned LTIP units under the 2019 LTIP program will vest on January 1, 2023. The 2021 LTIP program provides that the amount earned related to the performance-based portion of the awards is dependent on Simon’s FFO performance and achievement of certain objective criteria goals and has a maximum potential fair value at grant date of $18.4 million. The 2019 LTIP program provides that the amount earned related to the performance-based portion of the awards is dependent on Simon’s FFO performance and achievement of certain objective criteria goals and has a maximum potential fair value at issuance of $22.1 million.

The grant date fair values of any LTIP units for market-based awards are estimated using a Monte Carlo model, and the resulting fixed expense is recorded regardless of whether the market condition criteria are achieved if the required service is delivered. The grant date fair values of the market-based awards are being amortized into expense over the period from the grant date to the date at which the awards, if earned, would become vested. The expense of the performance-based award is recorded over the period from the grant date to the date at which the awards, if earned, would become vested, based on our assessment as to whether it is probable that the performance criteria will be achieved during the applicable performance periods.

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The Compensation Committee approved LTIP unit grants as shown in the table below. The extent to which LTIP units were earned, and the aggregate grant date fair value, are as follows:


LTIP Program	LTIP Units Earned	Grant Date Fair Value of TSR Award	Grant Date Target Value of Performance-Based Awards
2018 LTIP program - Tranche A	38,148	$6.1 million	$6.1 million
2018 LTIP program - Tranche B	-	$6.1 million	$6.1 million
2019 LTIP program	To be determined in 2022	$9.5 million	$14.7 million
2021 LTIP program	To be determined in 2024	$5.7 million	$12.2 million

We recorded compensation expense, net of capitalization, related to these LTIP programs of approximately $7.5 million and $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. The Compensation Committee awarded 25,715 shares of restricted stock to employees during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 at a weighted-average fair market value of $113.77 per share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our non-employee Directors were awarded 15,859 shares of restricted stock at a weighted-average fair market value of $122.64 per share. These shares represent a portion of the compensation we pay our non-employee Directors, and all of the shares have been placed in a non-employee Director deferred compensation account maintained by us. The grant date fair value of the employee restricted stock awards is being recognized as expense over the three-year vesting service period. The grant date fair value of the non-employee Director restricted stock awards is being recognized as expense over the one-year vesting service period. In accordance with the Operating Partnership's partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership issued an equal number of units to Simon that are subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock. During the first quarter of 2021, as part of the 2021 LTI Program the Compensation Committee established a grant of 37,976 time-based restricted stock units under the 2019 Plan at a weighted average fair market value of $112.92 per share. These awards will vest, subject to the grantee's continued service, on March 1, 2024. The $4.3 million grant date fair value of the awards is being recognized as expense over the three-year vesting service period. In accordance with the Operating Partnership's partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership issued an equal number of units to Simon that are subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock.

During 2020, the Compensation Committee established a one-time grant of 312,263 time-based restricted stock units under the 2019 Plan at a weighted average fair market value of $84.37 per share. These awards will vest, subject to the grantee's continued service on each applicable vesting date, in one-third increments on January 1, 2022, January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2024. The grant date fair value of the awards of $26.3 million is being recognized as expense over the three-year vesting service period.

We recorded compensation expense, net of capitalization, related to restricted stock and restricted stock units of approximately $12.4 million and $8.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

9. Lease Income

Fixed lease income under our operating leases includes fixed minimum lease consideration and fixed common area maintenance, or CAM, reimbursements recorded on a straight-line basis. Variable lease income includes consideration based on

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sales, as well as reimbursements for real estate taxes, utilities, marketing, and certain other items including negative variable lease income as discussed below.


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Fixed lease income	$	921,521	$	929,335	$	2,783,459	$	2,939,257
Variable lease income		286,402		64,496		728,347		330,315
Total lease income	$	1,207,923	$	993,831	$	3,511,806	$	3,269,572

Tenant receivables and accrued revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets includes straight-line receivables of $573.9 million and $597.6 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

In April 2020, the FASB staff released guidance focused on treatment of concessions related to the effects of COVID-19 on the application of lease modification guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842, “Leases.” The guidance provides a practical expedient to forgo the associated reassessments required by ASC 842 when changes to a lease result in similar or lower future consideration. We have elected to generally account for rent abatements as negative variable lease consideration in the period granted, or in the period we determine we expect to grant an abatement. Further abatements granted in the future will reduce lease income in the period we grant, or determine we expect to grant, an abatement.

We have agreed to deferral or abatement arrangements with a number of our tenants as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussions with our tenants are ongoing and may result in further rent deferrals, lease amendments, abatements and/or lease terminations, as we deem appropriate on a case-by-case basis based on each tenant's unique financial and operating situation. In addition, uncollected rent due from certain of our tenants is subject to ongoing litigation, the outcome of which may affect our ability to collect in full the associated outstanding receivable balances.

In connection with rent deferrals or other accruals of unpaid rent payments, if we determine that rent payments are probable of collection, we will continue to recognize lease income on a straight-line basis over the lease term along with associated tenant receivables. However, if we determine that such deferred rent payments or other accrued but unpaid rent payments are not probable of collection, lease income will be recorded on the cash basis, with the corresponding tenant receivable and deferred rent receivable balances charged as a direct write-off against lease income in the period of the change in our collectability determination. Additionally, our assessment of collectability incorporates information regarding a tenant’s financial condition that is obtained from available financial data, the expected outcome of contractual disputes and other matters, and our communications and negotiations with the tenant.

When a tenant seeks to reorganize its operations through bankruptcy proceedings, we assess the collectability of receivable balances. Our ongoing assessment incorporates, among other things, the timing of a tenant’s bankruptcy filing and our expectations of the assumptions by the tenant in bankruptcy proceedings of leases at the Company’s properties on substantially similar terms.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

We are involved from time-to-time in various legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, environmental matters, and litigation in connection with transactions such as acquisitions and divestitures. We believe that current proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations. We record a liability when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

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Lease Commitments

As of September 30, 2021, a total of 23 of our consolidated properties are subject to ground leases. The termination dates of these ground leases range from 2022 to 2090, including periods for which exercising an extension option is reasonably assured. These ground leases generally require us to make fixed annual rental payments, or a fixed annual rental payment plus a percentage rent component based upon the revenues or total sales of the property. In addition, we have several regional office locations that are subject to leases with termination dates ranging from 2021 to 2028. These office leases generally require us to make fixed annual rental payments plus pay our share of common area, real estate taxes, and utility expenses. Some of our ground and office leases include escalation clauses. All of our lease arrangements are classified as operating leases. We incurred ground lease expense and office lease expense, which are included in other expense and home office and regional expense, respectively, as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Operating Lease Cost
Fixed lease cost	$	8,118	$	8,015	$	24,367	$	23,161
Variable lease cost		3,984		3,130		11,821		10,217
Sublease income		(187)		(187)		(560)		(560)
Total operating lease cost	$	11,915	$	10,958	$	35,628	$	32,818


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2021		2020
Other Information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	36,098	$	33,301

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases		33.8 years		34.6 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases		4.87%		4.86%

Minimum lease payments due under these leases for years ending December 31, excluding applicable extension options and renewal options unless reasonably certain of exercise and any sublease income, are as follows:


2021	$	32,131
2022		32,838
2023		32,979
2024		33,114
2025		33,124
Thereafter		888,217
	$	1,052,403
Impact of discounting		(543,332)
Operating lease liabilities	$	509,071

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Guarantees of Indebtedness

Joint venture debt is the liability of the joint venture and is typically secured by the joint venture property, which is non-recourse to us. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Operating Partnership guaranteed joint venture related mortgage indebtedness of $209.2 million and $219.2 million, respectively. Mortgages guaranteed by the Operating Partnership are secured by the property of the joint venture which could be sold in order to satisfy the outstanding obligation and which has an estimated fair value in excess of the guaranteed amount.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Our U.S. Malls, Premium Outlets, and The Mills rely upon anchor tenants to attract customers; however, anchors do not contribute materially to our financial results as many anchors own their spaces. All material operations are within the United States and no customer or tenant accounts for 5% or more of our consolidated revenues.

Hurricane Impacts

During the third quarter of 2020, one of our properties located in Texas experienced property damage and business interruption as a result of Hurricane Hanna. We wrote-off assets of approximately $9.6 million, and recorded an insurance recovery receivable, and have received $14.0 million of insurance proceeds from third-party carriers. The proceeds were used for property restoration and remediation and reduced the insurance recovery receivable. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $3.5 million gain related to property insurance recovery of previously depreciated assets. This amount was recorded in gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairments, net.

During the third quarter of 2020, one of our properties located in Louisiana experienced property damage and business interruption as a result of Hurricane Laura. We wrote-off assets of approximately $11.1 million and recorded an insurance recovery receivable, and have received $27.5 million of insurance proceeds from third-party carriers. The proceeds were used for property restoration and remediation and reduced the insurance recovery receivable. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $17.5 million gain related to property insurance recovery of previously depreciated assets. This amount was recorded in gain (loss) on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairments, net.

COVID-19

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus, or COVID-19, a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a material negative impact on economic and market conditions around the world, and, notwithstanding the fact that vaccines are being administered in the United States and elsewhere, the pandemic continues to adversely impact economic activity in retail real estate. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and governments and other authorities, including where we own or hold interests in properties, have imposed measures intended to control its spread, including restrictions on freedom of movement, group gatherings and business operations such as travel bans, border closings, business closures, quarantines, stay-at-home, shelter-in-place orders, density limitations and social distancing measures. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and these measures, the Company has experienced and may continue to experience material impacts including changes in the ability to recognize revenue due to changes in our assessment of the probability of collection of lease income and asset impairment charges as a result of changing cash flows generated by our properties and investments.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report.

Overview

Simon Property Group, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. REITs will generally not be liable for U.S. federal corporate income taxes as long as they distribute not less than 100% of their REIT taxable income. Simon Property Group, L.P. is our majority-owned Delaware partnership subsidiary that owns all of our real estate properties and other assets. According to the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to pay all expenses of Simon. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “Simon” mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the “Operating Partnership” mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership.

We own, develop and manage premier shopping, dining, entertainment and mixed-use destinations, which consist primarily of malls, Premium Outlets^®, and The Mills^®. As of September 30, 2021, we owned or held an interest in 201 income-producing properties in the United States, which consisted of 95 malls, 69 Premium Outlets, 14 Mills, six lifestyle centers, and 17 other retail properties in 37 states and Puerto Rico. We also own an 80% noncontrolling interest in the Taubman Realty Group, LLC, or TRG, which has an interest in 24 regional, super-regional, and outlet malls in the U.S. and Asia. In addition, we have redevelopment and expansion projects, including the addition of anchors, big box tenants, and restaurants, underway at properties in the United States, Canada, Asia and Europe. Internationally, as of September 30, 2021, we had ownership in 32 Premium Outlets and Designer Outlet properties primarily located in Asia, Europe, and Canada. We also have two international outlet properties under development. As of September 30, 2021, we also owned a 22.4% equity stake in Klépierre SA, or Klépierre, a publicly traded, Paris-based real estate company which owns, or has an interest in, shopping centers located in 15 countries in Europe.

We generate the majority of our lease income from retail tenants including consideration received from:

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fixed minimum lease consideration and fixed common area maintenance (CAM) reimbursements, and

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variable lease consideration primarily based on tenants’ sales, as well as reimbursements for real estate taxes, utilities, marketing and certain other items.

Revenues of our management company, after intercompany eliminations, consist primarily of management fees that are typically based upon the revenues of the property being managed.

We invest in real estate properties to maximize total financial return which includes both operating cash flows and capital appreciation. We seek growth in earnings, funds from operations, or FFO, and cash flows by enhancing the profitability and operation of our properties and investments. We seek to accomplish this growth through the following:

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attracting and retaining high quality tenants and utilizing economies of scale to reduce operating expenses,

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expanding and re-tenanting existing highly productive locations at competitive rental rates,

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selectively acquiring or increasing our interests in high quality real estate assets or portfolios of assets,

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generating consumer traffic in our retail properties through marketing initiatives and strategic corporate alliances, and

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selling selective non-core assets.

We also grow by generating supplemental revenues from the following activities:

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establishing our malls as leading market resource providers for retailers and other businesses and consumer-focused corporate alliances, including payment systems (such as handling fees relating to the sales of bank-issued prepaid cards), national marketing alliances, static and digital media initiatives, business development, sponsorship, and events,

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offering property operating services to our tenants and others, including waste handling and facility services, and the provision of energy services,

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selling or leasing land adjacent to our properties, commonly referred to as “outlots” or “outparcels,” and

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generating interest income on cash deposits and investments in loans, including those made to related entities.

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We focus on high quality real estate across the retail real estate spectrum. We expand or redevelop properties to enhance profitability and market share of existing assets when we believe the investment of our capital meets our risk-reward criteria. We selectively develop new properties in markets we believe are not adequately served by existing retail outlet properties.

We routinely review and evaluate acquisition opportunities based on their ability to enhance our portfolio. Our international strategy includes partnering with established real estate companies and financing international investments with local currency to minimize foreign exchange risk.

To support our growth, we employ a three-fold capital strategy:

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provide the capital necessary to fund growth,

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maintain sufficient flexibility to access capital in many forms, both public and private, and

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manage our overall financial structure in a fashion that preserves our investment grade credit ratings.

We consider FFO and net operating income, or NOI, and portfolio NOI to be key measures of operating performance that are not specifically defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. We use these measures internally to evaluate the operating performance of our portfolio and provide a basis for comparison with other real estate companies. Reconciliations of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure are included below in this discussion.

COVID-19

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus, or COVID-19, a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a material negative impact on economic and market conditions around the world, and, notwithstanding the fact that vaccines are being administered in the United States and elsewhere, the pandemic continues to adversely impact economic activity in retail real estate. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and governments and other authorities, including where we own or hold interests in properties, have imposed measures intended to control its spread, including restrictions on freedom of movement, group gatherings and business operations such as travel bans, border closings, business closures, quarantines, stay-at-home, shelter-in-place orders, capacity limitations and social distancing measures. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and these measures, the Company has experienced and may continue to experience material impacts including changes in the ability to recognize revenue due to changes in our assessment of the probability of collection of lease income and asset impairment charges as a result of changing cash flows generated by our properties and investments. Due to certain restrictive governmental orders placed on us, our domestic portfolio lost approximately 13,500 shopping days in 2020 the majority of which occurred in the second quarter.

As we developed and implemented our response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions intended to prevent its spread on our business, our primary focus has been on the health and safety of our employees, our shoppers and the communities in which we serve. In the second quarter of 2020, in connection with the property closures, we implemented a series of actions to reduce costs and increase liquidity in light of the economic impacts of the pandemic.

Results Overview

Diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit increased $2.56 during the first nine months of 2021 to $5.30 from $2.74 for the same period last year. The increase in diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit was primarily attributable to:

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increased income from unconsolidated entities of $405.5 million, or $1.08 per diluted share/unit, the majority of which is due to favorable year-over-year operations from, and additional interests in and ownership of, retailer investments of $309.1 million, or $0.82 per diluted share/unit,

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increased other income of $65.5 million, or $0.17 per diluted share/unit, primarily due to an increase in lease settlement income of $44.1 million, or $0.12 per diluted share/unit, most of which occurred in the first quarter of 2021,

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a non-cash gain in 2021 on acquisitions and disposals of $201.6 million, or $0.54 per diluted share/unit, related to the disposition of our interest in two properties of $177.4 million, or $0.47 per diluted share/unit, a non-cash gain on the consolidation of one property of $3.7 million, or $0.01 per diluted share/unit, and net gains of $21.0 million, or $0.06 per diluted share/unit, related to property insurance recoveries of previously depreciated assets,

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a non-cash gain in 2021 on exchange of equity interests of $159.8 million, or $0.43 diluted share/unit, and

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an unrealized favorable change in fair value of equity instruments of $12.0 million, or $0.03 per diluted share/unit, partially offset by

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increased tax expense of $111.4 million, or $0.30 per diluted share/unit, primarily due to favorable year-over-year operations from retailer investments and a $47.9 million deferred tax impact created by the gain on exchange of equity interests transaction noted above,

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increased interest expense in 2021 of $15.7 million, or $0.04 per diluted share/unit, due to Term Loan borrowings, which were subsequently replaced by notes issuances to fund our investment in TRG,

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aggregate impairment charges in 2020 related to Klépierre, our investment in HBS, and three joint venture properties of $98.2 million, or $0.28 per diluted share/unit, and

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a charge on early extinguishment of debt of $31.6 million, or $0.08 per diluted share/unit, in 2021.

Portfolio NOI increased 18.7% for the nine month period in 2021 over the prior year period primarily as a result of the acquisition of our interest in TRG. Excluding the impact of TRG, portfolio NOI increased 9.0% compared to the prior year. Average base minimum rent for U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets decreased 4.0% to $53.91 psf as of September 30, 2021, from $56.13 psf as of September 30, 2020. Ending occupancy for our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets increased 1.4% to 92.8% as of September 30, 2021, from 91.4% as of September 30, 2020, primarily due to leasing activity, partially offset by 2020 tenant bankruptcy activity.

Our effective overall borrowing rate at September 30, 2021 on our consolidated indebtedness decreased 15 basis points to 2.97% as compared to 3.12% at September 30, 2020. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the effective overall borrowing rate on fixed rate debt of 19 basis points (3.17% at September 30, 2021 as compared to 3.36% at September 30, 2020), partially offset by an increase in the amount of our fixed rate debt. The weighted average years to maturity of our consolidated indebtedness was 8.1 years and 7.3 years at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Our financing activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included:

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decreasing our borrowings under the Operating Partnership’s global unsecured commercial paper note program, or the Commercial Paper program, by $123.0 million,

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completing, on January 21, 2021, the issuance by the Operating Partnership of the following senior unsecured notes: $800 million with a fixed interest rate of 1.75%, $700 million with a fixed interest rate of 2.20%, with maturity dates of February 2028 and 2031, respectively. Proceeds from the unsecured notes offering funded the optional redemption at par of the Operating Partnership’s $550 million 2.50% notes due July 15, 2021, including the make-whole amount on January 27, 2021 and repaid $750.0 million of the indebtedness under the Operating Partnership’s $2.0 billion delayed-draw term loan facility, or Term Facility, which was a feature of, and in addition to, the Operating Partnership’s $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Credit Facility, as discussed below.

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completing, on March 19, 2021, the issuance of €750 million ($893.0 million U.S. dollar equivalent as of the issuance date) of senior unsecured notes at a fixed rate of 1.125% with a maturity date of March 19, 2033. Proceeds from the unsecured notes offering funded the repayment of the indebtedness under the Term Facility, as discussed below.

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repaying, on March 23, 2021, the remaining $1.25 billion outstanding under the Term Facility, reducing the Term Facility balance to zero.

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completing, on August 18, 2021, the issuance by the Operating Partnership of the following senior unsecured notes: $550 million with a fixed interest rate of 1.375% and $700 million with a fixed interest rate of 2.250%, with maturity dates of January 2027 and 2032, respectively. Proceeds from the unsecured notes offering, along with cash on hand, funded the optional redemption, including make-whole amounts, of the following senior unsecured notes: Operating Partnership’s $550 million 2.350% notes due January 30, 2022 and $600 million 2.625% notes due June 15, 2022 on August 25, 2021, and $500 million 2.750% notes due February 1, 2023, on September 9, 2021.

United States Portfolio Data

The portfolio data discussed in this overview includes the following key operating statistics: ending occupancy and average base minimum rent per square foot. We include acquired properties in this data beginning in the year of acquisition and remove disposed properties in the year of disposition. For comparative purposes, we separate the information related to The Mills from our other U.S. operations. We also do not include any information for properties located outside the United States or properties included within the TRG portfolio.

The following table sets forth these key operating statistics for the combined U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets:

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properties that are consolidated in our consolidated financial statements,

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properties we account for under the equity method of accounting as joint ventures, and

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the foregoing two categories of properties on a total portfolio basis.


	September 30,		September 30,		%/Basis Points
	2021		2020		Change (1)
U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets:
Ending Occupancy
Consolidated		92.9%		91.5%	140 bps
Unconsolidated		92.4%		91.1%	130 bps
Total Portfolio		92.8%		91.4%	140 bps
Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot
Consolidated	$	52.51	$	54.33	-3.3%
Unconsolidated	$	57.81	$	61.22	-5.6%
Total Portfolio	$	53.91	$	56.13	-4.0%
The Mills:
Ending Occupancy		97.0%		94.5%	250 bps
Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot	$	33.68	$	33.83	-0.4%

(1)	Percentages may not recalculate due to rounding. Percentage and basis point changes are representative of the change from the comparable prior period.

Ending Occupancy Levels and Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot. Ending occupancy is the percentage of gross leasable area, or GLA, which is leased as of the last day of the reporting period. We include all company owned space except for mall anchors, mall majors, mall freestanding and mall outlots in the calculation. Base minimum rent per square foot is the average base minimum rent charge in effect for the reporting period for all tenants that would qualify to be included in ending occupancy.

Total Reported Sales per Square Foot. Given all of our U.S. retail properties were closed for a portion of the prior year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are not presenting reported retail tenant sales per square foot as we do not believe the trends for the period are indicative of future operating results.

Current Leasing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we signed 734 new leases and 1,310 renewal leases (excluding mall anchors and majors, new development, redevelopment and leases with terms of one year or less) with a fixed minimum rent across our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets portfolio, comprising approximately 7.0 million square feet, of which 5.5 million square feet related to consolidated properties. During the comparable period in 2020, we signed 327 new leases and 648 renewal leases with a fixed minimum rent, comprising approximately 3.4 million square feet, of which 2.5 million square feet related to consolidated properties. The average annual initial base minimum rent for new leases was $55.28 per square foot in 2021 and $59.88 per square foot in 2020 with an average tenant allowance on new leases of $54.00 per square foot and $51.07 per square foot, respectively.

Leasing Spreads. Leasing spreads can vary significantly based on the mix of leasing volume during the period and are dependent on factors such as property and space location, size of the space, term and whether lease income is structured as variable or fixed, or a mix thereof, among other factors. In addition, our historically reported leasing spreads did not include any estimates for variable lease income based on sales. As such, we are not presenting leasing spreads as we do not believe the trends for the period are indicative of future operating results.

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Japan Data

The following are selected key operating statistics for our Premium Outlets in Japan. The information used to prepare these statistics has been supplied by the managing venture partner.


	September 30,			September 30,			%/Basis Points
	2021			2020			Change
Ending Occupancy		99.5	%		99.3	%	+20 bps
Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot	¥	5,498		¥	5,390		2.00	%

Results of Operations

The following acquisitions and dispositions of consolidated properties affected our consolidated results in the comparative periods:

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During the third quarter of 2021, we disposed of one consolidated retail property.

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During the first quarter of 2021, we disposed of one consolidated retail property.

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During the first quarter of 2021, we consolidated one Designer Outlet property in Europe that had previously been accounted for under the equity method.

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During the fourth quarter of 2020, we disposed of one consolidated retail property.

The following acquisitions and openings of equity method investments and properties affected our income from unconsolidated entities in the comparative periods:

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On July 1, 2021, we contributed to ABG all of our interests in the licensing ventures of Forever 21 and Brooks Brothers for additional interests in ABG. Our noncontrolling interest in ABG is approximately 11%.

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On April 12, 2021, we opened West Midlands Designer Outlet, a 197,000 square foot center in Cannock, United Kingdom. We own 23.2% interest in this center.

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In the first quarter of 2021, we and our partner, ABG, both acquired additional 12.5% interests in the licensing and operations of Forever 21 for $56.3 million bringing our interest to 50%. Subsequently the Forever 21 operations were merged into SPARC Group.

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On December 29, 2020, we completed the acquisition of an 80% ownership interest in TRG.

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On December 7, 2020, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of J.C. Penney, a department store retailer, out of bankruptcy. Our interest in the venture is 41.67%.

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On June 23, 2020, we opened Siam Premium Outlets Bangkok, a 264,000 square foot center in Bangkok, Thailand. We own a 50% interest in this center.

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On February 13, 2020, through our European investee, we opened Malaga Designer Outlet, a 191,000 square foot center in Malaga, Spain. We own a 46% interest in this center.

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In January 2020, we acquired additional interests of 5.05% and 1.37% in SPARC Group and Authentic Brands Group, LLC, or ABG, respectively, for $6.7 million and $33.5 million, respectively.

For the purposes of the following comparison between the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the above transactions are referred to as the property transactions. In the following discussions of our results of operations, “comparable” refers to properties we owned or held interests in and operated in both of the periods under comparison.

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Three months ended September 30, 2021 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2020

Lease income increased $214.1 million, of which the property transactions accounted for a $4.5 million decrease. Comparable lease income increased $218.6 million, or 22.2%. Total lease income increased primarily due to an increase in variable lease income of $221.9 million primarily related to higher consideration based on tenant sales and lower negative variable lease income due to abatements granted in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by decreases in fixed minimum lease and CAM consideration recorded on a straight-line basis of $7.8 million.

Total other income increased $16.1 million, primarily due to an $8.2 million increase related to Simon Brand Ventures and gift card revenues, a $5.2 million net increase in dividend and other income and an increase in land sale income of $3.0 million.

Property operating expenses increased $17.3 million primarily due to the reopening of properties that had been closed during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of the on-going restrictions intended to prevent its spread and cost reduction efforts.

Advertising and promotion expenses increased $23.9 million primarily due to the reopening of properties that had been closed during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of the on-going restrictions intended to prevent its spread and cost reduction efforts.

Other expense decreased $11.4 million primarily due to a decrease in legal fees and expenses.

During 2021, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $28.6 million as a result of the early redemption of unsecured notes.

During 2021, we recorded a non-cash gain on exchange of equity interests of $159.8 million as a result of the contribution to ABG of all of our interests in the licensing ventures of Forever 21 and Brooks Brothers in exchange for additional interests in ABG, as discussed further in footnote 6.

Income and other tax (expense) benefit increased $64.5 million due to increased deferred tax expense as a result of the ABG transaction noted above, which had a non-cash tax impact of $47.9 million and $14.3 million related to strong operating performance of our retailer investments, as well as our acquisition of interests in several retailers throughout 2020.

Income from unconsolidated entities increased $136.7 million primarily due to favorable results of operations from our retailer investments, including earnings from our acquisition of an interest in J.C. Penney in the later part of 2020.

During 2021, we recorded a gain of $88.0 million related to the disposition of one consolidated property, and gains of $21.0 million related to property insurance recoveries of previously depreciated assets. During 2020, we recorded a $91.3 million loss related to an other-than-temporary impairment of our equity investments in three joint venture properties and to reduce our investment in HBS to its estimated fair value.

Simon’s net income attributable to noncontrolling interests increased $76.0 million due to an increase in the net income of the Operating Partnership.

Nine months ended September 30, 2021 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2020

Lease income increased $242.2 million, of which the property transactions accounted for a $10.5 million decrease. Comparable lease income increased $252.7 million, or 7.8%. Total lease income increased primarily due to an increase in variable lease income of $398.0 million primarily related to higher consideration based on tenant sales and lower negative variable lease income due to abatements granted in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by decreases in fixed minimum lease and CAM consideration recorded on a straight-line basis of $155.8 million.

Total other income increased $65.5 million, primarily due to an increase in lease settlement income of $44.4 million, a $14.9 million gain on the sale of our interest in a multi-family residential property, a $6.4 million increase from the non-cash dilution gain on a non-retail investment, a $5.5 million net increase in dividend, interest and other income, and a $4.1 million increase related to Simon Brand Ventures and gift card revenues, partially offset by a $7.0 million decrease related to higher land and outparcel sale activity in 2020, and a $3.0 million decrease related to business interruption proceeds received in 2020.

Property operating expenses increased $23.8 million primarily due to the reopening of properties that had been closed during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of the on-going restrictions intended to prevent its spread and cost reduction efforts, as previously discussed.

Advertising and promotion expenses increased $26.7 million primarily due to the reopening of properties that had been closed during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of the on-going restrictions intended to prevent its spread and cost reduction efforts.

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Other expense decreased $15.3 million primarily due to a decrease in legal fees and expenses.

Interest expense increased $15.7 million primarily related to interest on the 2021 and 2020 unsecured notes issuances.

During 2021, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $31.6 million as a result of the early redemption of unsecured notes.

Income and other tax (expense) benefit increased $111.4 million due to increased deferred tax expense as a result of the ABG transaction noted above which had a non-cash tax impact of $47.9 million and $54.9 million related to strong operating performance of our retailer investments as well as our acquisition of an interest in several retailers throughout 2020.

Income from unconsolidated entities increased $405.5 million primarily due to favorable results of operations from our retailer investments, including earnings from our acquisition of an interest in J.C. Penney in the later part of 2020, and international investments which included the reversal of a previously established deferred tax liability at Klépierre resulting in a non-cash gain, of which our share was $118.4 million, partially offset by amortization of our excess investment in TRG.

During 2021, we recorded a gain of $181.1 million related to the disposition of two consolidated properties and the impact from the consolidation of one property that was previously unconsolidated, and gains of $21.0 million related to property insurance recoveries of previously depreciated assets. During 2020, we recorded a $91.3 million loss related to an other-than-temporary impairment of our equity investments in three joint venture properties and impairment charge to reduce our investment in HBS to its estimated fair value and a $7.8 million loss, net, related to the impairment and disposition of certain assets by Klépierre, offset by a $1.0 million gain related to the disposition of a shopping center by one of our joint venture investments.

Simon’s net income attributable to noncontrolling interests increased $125.1 million due to an increase in the net income of the Operating Partnership.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Because we own long-lived income-producing assets, our financing strategy relies primarily on long-term fixed rate debt. Floating rate debt comprised 4.7% of our total consolidated debt at September 30, 2021. We also enter into interest rate protection agreements from time to time to manage our interest rate risk. We derive most of our liquidity from positive net cash flow from operations and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities that totaled $2.9 billion in the aggregate during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, the Operating Partnership has a Credit Facility and a $3.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Supplemental Facility, and together with the Credit Facility, the Credit Facilities. The Credit Facilities and the Commercial Paper program provide alternative sources of liquidity as our cash needs vary from time to time. Borrowing capacity under these sources may be increased as discussed further below.

Our balance of cash and cash equivalents decreased $573.2 million during the first nine months of 2021 to $438.4 million as of September 30, 2021 as a result of the operating and financing activity, as further discussed in “Cash Flows” below.

On September 30, 2021, we had an aggregate available borrowing capacity of approximately $6.9 billion under the Credit Facilities, net of outstanding borrowings of $125.0 million and amounts outstanding under the Commercial Paper program of $500.0 million and letters of credit of $12.4 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the maximum aggregate outstanding balance under the Credit Facilities was $2.1 billion and the weighted average outstanding balance was $583.8 million. The weighted average interest rate was 0.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Simon has historically had access to public equity markets and the Operating Partnership has historically had access to private and public long and short-term unsecured debt markets and access to secured debt and private equity from institutional investors at the property level.

Our business model and Simon’s status as a REIT require us to regularly access the debt markets to raise funds for acquisition, development and redevelopment activity, and to refinance maturing debt. Simon may also, from time to time, access the equity capital markets to accomplish our business objectives. We believe we have sufficient cash on hand and availability under the Credit Facilities and the Commercial Paper program to address our debt maturities and capital needs through 2021.

Cash Flows

Our net cash flow from operating activities and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $2.9 billion. In addition, we had net repayments from our debt financing and repayment activities

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of $732.8 million in 2021. These activities are further discussed below under “Financing and Debt.” During the first nine months of 2021, we also:

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funded the acquisition of the licensing venture of Eddie Bauer and acquired additional interests in the licensing and operations of Forever 21, the aggregate cash portion of which was $157.1 million,

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paid stockholder dividends and unitholder distributions totaling approximately $2.1 billion and preferred unit distributions totaling $3.9 million,

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funded consolidated capital expenditures of $419.5 million (including development and other costs of $58.7 million, redevelopment and expansion costs of $243.9 million, and tenant costs and other operational capital expenditures of $116.9 million), and

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funded investments in unconsolidated entities of $48.2 million.

In general, we anticipate that cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet operating expenses, monthly debt service, recurring capital expenditures, and dividends to stockholders and/or distributions to partners necessary to maintain Simon’s REIT qualification on a long-term basis. At this time, we do not expect the impact of COVID-19 to impact our ability to fund these needs for the foreseeable future; however its ultimate impact is difficult to predict. In addition, we expect to be able to generate or obtain capital for nonrecurring capital expenditures, such as acquisitions, major building redevelopments and expansions, as well as for scheduled principal maturities on outstanding indebtedness, from the following, however a severe and prolonged disruption and instability in the global financial markets, including the debt and equity capital markets, may affect our ability to access necessary capital:

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excess cash generated from operating performance and working capital reserves,

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borrowings on the Credit Facilities and Commercial Paper program,

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additional secured or unsecured debt financing, or

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additional equity raised in the public or private markets.

We expect to generate positive cash flow from operations in 2021, and we consider these projected cash flows in our sources and uses of cash. These cash flows are principally derived from rents paid by our tenants. A significant deterioration in projected cash flows from operations, including one due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions intended to restrict its spread, could cause us to increase our reliance on available funds from the Credit Facilities and Commercial Paper program, further curtail planned capital expenditures, or seek other additional sources of financing.

Financing and Debt

Unsecured Debt

The Credit Facility also included an additional single, delayed-draw $2.0 billion term loan facility, or Term Facility, which the Operating Partnership drew on December 15, 2020.

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equal to the greatest of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50% or LIBOR plus 1.00%) (the “Base Rate”), plus a margin determined by the Operating Partnership’s corporate credit rating of between 0.00% and 0.40%. The Credit Facility includes a facility fee determined by the Operating Partnership’s corporate credit rating of between 0.10% and 0.30% on the aggregate revolving commitments under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility contains a money market competitive bid option program that allows the Operating Partnership to hold auctions to achieve lower pricing for short-term borrowings.

Mortgage Debt

Total mortgage indebtedness was $6.6 billion and $7.0 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

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Covenants

At September 30, 2021, our consolidated subsidiaries were the borrowers under 46 non-recourse mortgage notes secured by mortgages on 49 properties and other assets, including two separate pools of cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized mortgages encumbering a total of five properties. Under these cross-default provisions, a default under any mortgage included in the cross-defaulted pool may constitute a default under all mortgages within that pool and may lead to acceleration of the indebtedness due on each property within the pool. Certain of our secured debt instruments contain financial and other non-financial covenants which are specific to the properties that serve as collateral for that debt. If the applicable borrower under these non-recourse mortgage notes were to fail to comply with these covenants, the lender could accelerate the debt and enforce its rights against their collateral. At September 30, 2021, the applicable borrowers under these non-recourse mortgage notes were in compliance with all covenants where non-compliance could individually or in the aggregate, giving effect to applicable cross-default provisions, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

Summary of Financing

Our consolidated debt, adjusted to reflect outstanding derivative instruments, and the effective weighted average interest rates as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):


			Effective			Effective
	Adjusted Balance		Weighted	Adjusted		Weighted
	as of		Average	Balance as of		Average
Debt Subject to	September 30, 2021		Interest Rate(1)	December 31, 2020		Interest Rate(1)
Fixed Rate	$	24,345,041	3.02%	$	23,477,498	3.50%
Variable Rate		1,239,331	2.03%		3,245,863	1.31%
	$	25,584,372	2.97%	$	26,723,361	2.98%

(1)	Effective weighted average interest rate excludes the impact of net discounts and debt issuance costs.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to our outstanding capital expenditure and lease commitments previously disclosed in the combined 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership.

In regards to long-term debt arrangements, the following table summarizes the material aspects of these future obligations on our consolidated indebtedness as of September 30, 2021, for the remainder of 2021 and subsequent years thereafter (dollars in thousands), assuming the obligations remain outstanding through initial maturities, including applicable exercise of available extension options:


	2021		2022-2023		2024-2025		After 2025		Total
Long Term Debt (1) (2)	$	805,030	$	3,135,002	$	5,968,426	$	15,757,826	$	25,666,284
Interest Payments (3)		193,643		1,467,154		1,216,760		4,216,894		7,094,451

(1)	Represents principal maturities only and, therefore, excludes net discounts and debt issuance costs.

(2)	The amount due in 2021 includes $500.0 million outstanding under the Commercial Paper program.

(3)	Variable rate interest payments are estimated based on the LIBOR rate at September 30, 2021.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our off-balance sheet arrangements consist primarily of our investments in joint ventures which are common in the real estate industry and are described in note 6 of the condensed notes to our consolidated financial statements. Our joint ventures typically fund their cash needs through secured debt financings obtained by and in the name of the joint venture entity. The joint venture debt is secured by a first mortgage, is without recourse to the joint venture partners, and does not represent a liability of the partners, except to the extent the partners or their affiliates expressly guarantee the joint venture debt. As of September 30, 2021, the Operating Partnership guaranteed joint venture-related mortgage indebtedness of $209.2 million. Mortgages guaranteed by the Operating Partnership are secured by the property of the joint venture which could be sold in order to satisfy the outstanding obligation and which has an estimated fair value in excess of the guaranteed amount. We may elect to fund cash needs of a joint venture through equity contributions (generally on a basis proportionate to our ownership interests), advances or partner loans, although such fundings are not typically required contractually or otherwise.

Hurricane Impacts

Acquisitions and Dispositions

Buy-sell, marketing rights, and other exit mechanisms are common in real estate partnership agreements. Most of our partners are institutional investors who have a history of direct investment in retail real estate. We and our partners in our joint venture properties may initiate these provisions (subject to any applicable lock up or similar restrictions). If we determine it is in our stockholders’ best interests for us to purchase the joint venture interest and we believe we have adequate liquidity to execute the purchase without hindering our cash flows, then we may initiate these provisions or elect to buy our partner’s interest. If we decide to sell any of our joint venture interests, we expect to use the net proceeds to reduce outstanding indebtedness or to reinvest in development, redevelopment, or expansion opportunities.

Acquisitions. The Company sponsored, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, a special purpose acquisition corporation, or SPAC, named Simon Property Group Acquisition Holdings, Inc. On February 18, 2021 the SPAC announced the pricing of its initial public offering, which was consummated on February 23, 2021, generating gross proceeds of $345.0 million. The SPAC is a consolidated VIE which was formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination and is targeting innovative businesses that operate within Simon’s “Live, Work, Play, Stay, Shop” ecosystem.

On July 1, 2021, we contributed to ABG all of our interests in both the Forever 21 and Brooks Brothers licensing ventures in exchange for additional interests in ABG bringing our total interest in ABG to approximately 11%. As a result, in the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a non-cash gain of $159.8 million representing the difference between fair value of the interests received and the carrying value of our interests in the licensing ventures, less costs to sell.

In the first quarter of 2021, we and our partner, ABG, each acquired additional 12.5% interests in the licensing and operations of Forever 21, our share of which was $56.3 million, bringing our interest to 50%. Subsequently the Forever 21 operations were merged into SPARC Group.

In January 2020, we acquired additional interests of 5.05% and 1.37% in SPARC Group and ABG, respectively, for $6.7 million and $33.5 million, respectively. During the third quarter of 2020, SPARC acquired certain assets and operations of Brooks Brothers and Lucky Brands out of bankruptcy. At September 30, 2021, our noncontrolling equity method interests in the operations venture of SPARC Group and in ABG were 50.0% and 6.6%, respectively.

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Dispositions. We may continue to pursue the disposition of properties that no longer meet our strategic criteria or that are not a primary retail venue within their trade area.

In July 2021, we recorded a gain of $88.0 million related to the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $120.9 million non-recourse mortgage.

During the second quarter of 2021, we sold our interest in one multi-family residential investment. Our share of the gross proceeds on this transaction was $27.1 million. The gain on the sale of $14.9 million is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operation and comprehensive income.

During the first quarter of 2021, we recorded a gain of $89.3 million related to the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $180 million non-recourse mortgage.

Joint Venture Formation and Other Investment Activity

On December 29, 2020, we completed the acquisition of an 80% ownership interest in TRG, which has an ownership interest in 24 regional, super-regional, and outlet malls in the U.S. and Asia. Under the terms of the transaction, we, through the Operating Partnership, acquired all of Taubman Centers, Inc. common stock for $43.00 per share in cash. Total consideration for the acquisition, including the redemption of Taubman’s $192.5 million 6.5% Series J Cumulative Preferred Shares and its $170.0 million 6.25% Series K Cumulative Preferred Shares, and the issuance of 955,705 Operating Partnership units, was approximately $3.5 billion. Our investment includes the 6.38% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units for $362.5 million issued to us.

On December 7, 2020, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of J.C. Penney, a department store retailer, out of bankruptcy. Our noncontrolling interest in the venture is 41.67% and was acquired for cash consideration of $125.0 million.

On February 19, 2020, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of Forever 21, a retailer of apparel and accessories, out of bankruptcy. The interests were acquired through two separate joint ventures, a licensing venture and an operating venture. Our noncontrolling interest in each of the retail operations venture and in the licensing venture is 37.5%. Our aggregate investment in the ventures was $67.6 million. In connection with the acquisition of our interest, the Forever 21 joint venture recorded a non-cash bargain purchase gain of which our share of $35.0 million pre-tax is included in income from unconsolidated entities in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income in the second quarter of 2020.

Development Activity

We routinely incur costs related to construction for significant redevelopment and expansion projects at our properties. Redevelopment and expansion projects, including the addition of anchors, big box tenants, restaurants, as well as office space and residential uses are underway at properties in North America, Europe and Asia.

Construction continues on certain redevelopment and new development projects in the U.S. and internationally that are nearing completion. Our share of the costs of all new development, redevelopment and expansion projects currently under construction is approximately $937 million. Simon’s share of remaining net cash funding required to complete the new development and redevelopment projects currently under construction is approximately $285 million. We expect to fund these capital projects with cash flows from operations. We seek a stabilized return on invested capital in the range of 7-10% for all of our new development, expansion and redevelopment projects.

International Development Activity. We typically reinvest net cash flow from our international joint ventures to fund future international development activity. We believe this strategy mitigates some of the risk of our initial investment and our exposure to changes in foreign currencies. We have also funded most of our foreign investments with local currency-denominated borrowings that act as a natural hedge against fluctuations in exchange rates. Our consolidated net income exposure to changes in the volatility of the Euro, Yen, Peso, Won, and other foreign currencies is not material. We expect our share of estimated committed capital for international development projects to be completed with projected delivery or capital expenditures in 2021 or 2022 is $191 million, primarily funded through reinvested joint venture cash flow and construction loans.

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The following table describes these new development and expansion projects as well as our share of the estimated total cost as of September 30, 2021 (in millions):

Gross

Our

Our Share of

Projected

Leasable

Ownership

Projected Net Cost

Opening

Property

Location

Area (sqft)

Percentage

(in Local Currency)

(in USD) (1)

Date

New Development Projects:

West Midlands Designer Outlet

Cannock (West Midlands), England

197,000

23%

GBP

31.2

42.1

Opened Apr. - 2021

Jeju Premium Outlets

Jeju Province, South Korea

92,000

50%

KRW

12,328

10.4

Opened Oct. - 2021

Fukaya-Hanazono Premium Outlets

Fukaya City, Japan

292,500

40%

JPY

6,153

55.1

Oct. - 2022

Paris-Giverny Designer Outlet

Vernon (Normandy), France

220,000

74%

EUR

119.5

138.5

Jan. - 2023

Expansions:

La Reggia Designer Outlet Phase 3

Marcianise (Naples), Italy

56,000

92%

EUR

18.8

21.8

Oct. - 2021

(1)	USD equivalent based upon September 30, 2021 foreign currency exchange rates.

Dividends, Distributions and Stock Repurchase Program

Simon paid common stock dividends of $1.40 per share and $1.50 per share in the third quarter of 2021 and $5.50 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Simon paid a common stock dividend of $1.30 per share in the third quarter of 2020 and $3.40 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. On November 1, 2021, Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2021 of $1.65 per share, payable on December 31, 2021 to shareholders of record on December 10, 2021. The distribution rate on units is equal to the dividend rate on common stock. In order to maintain its status as a REIT, Simon must pay a minimum amount of dividends. Simon’s future dividends and the Operating Partnership’s future distributions will be determined by Simon’s Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, based on actual and projected financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, cash available for dividends and limited partner distributions, cash reserves as deemed necessary for capital and operating expenditures, financing covenants, if any, and the amount required to maintain Simon’s status as a REIT.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements made in this section or elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be deemed "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although we believe the expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that its expectations will be attained, and it is possible that our actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements due to a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to: uncertainties regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental restrictions intended to prevent its spread on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and liquidity and our ability to access the capital markets, satisfy our debt service obligations and make distributions to our stockholders; changes in economic and market conditions that may adversely affect the general retail environment; the potential loss of anchor stores or major tenants; the inability to collect rent due to the bankruptcy or insolvency of tenants or otherwise; the intensely competitive market environment in the retail industry, including e-commerce; an increase in vacant space at our properties; the inability to lease newly developed properties and renew leases and relet space at existing properties on favorable terms; our international activities subjecting us to risks that are different from or greater than those associated with our domestic operations, including changes in foreign exchange rates; risks associated with the acquisition, development, redevelopment, expansion, leasing and management of properties; general risks related to real estate investments, including the illiquidity of real estate investments; the impact of our substantial indebtedness on our future operations, including covenants in the governing agreements that impose restrictions on us that may affect our ability to operate freely; any disruption in the financial markets that may adversely affect our ability to access capital for growth and satisfy our ongoing debt service requirements; any change in our credit rating; changes in market rates of interest; the transition of LIBOR to an alternative reference rate; our continued ability to maintain our status as a REIT; changes in tax laws or regulations that result in adverse tax consequences; risks relating to our joint venture properties, including guarantees of certain joint venture indebtedness; environmental liabilities; natural disasters; the availability of comprehensive insurance coverage; the potential for terrorist activities; security breaches that could compromise our information technology or infrastructure; and the loss of key management personnel. We discussed these and other risks and uncertainties under the heading "Risk Factors" in the combined 2020 Annual Report on

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Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership and in this report. We may update that discussion in subsequent other periodic reports, but except as required by law, we undertake no duty or obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Industry practice is to evaluate real estate properties in part based on performance measures such as FFO, diluted FFO per share, NOI, portfolio NOI and beneficial NOI. We believe that these non-GAAP measures are helpful to investors because they are widely recognized measures of the performance of REITs and provide a relevant basis for comparison among REITs. We also use these measures internally to measure the operating performance of our portfolio.

We determine FFO based upon the definition set forth by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) Funds From Operations White Paper – 2018 Restatement. Our main business includes acquiring, owning, operating, developing, and redeveloping real estate in conjunction with the rental of real estate. Gain and losses of assets incidental to our main business are included in FFO. We determine FFO to be our share of consolidated net income computed in accordance with GAAP:

●

excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization,

●

excluding gains and losses from extraordinary items,

●

excluding gains and losses from the acquisition of controlling interest, sale, disposal or property insurance recoveries of, or any impairment related to, depreciable retail operating properties,

●

plus the allocable portion of FFO of unconsolidated joint ventures based upon economic ownership interest, and

●

all determined on a consistent basis in accordance with GAAP.

You should understand that our computations of these non-GAAP measures might not be comparable to similar measures reported by other REITs and that these non-GAAP measures:

●

do not represent cash flow from operations as defined by GAAP,

●

should not be considered as an alternative to net income determined in accordance with GAAP as a measure of operating performance, and

●

are not an alternative to cash flows as a measure of liquidity.

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The following schedule reconciles total FFO to consolidated net income and, for Simon, diluted net income per share to diluted FFO per share.


	For the Three Months Ended						For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020

	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Funds from Operations	$	1,175,910		$	723,219		$	3,326,753		$	2,450,324
Change in FFO from prior period		62.6	%		(33.1)	%		35.8	%		(24.1)	%
Consolidated Net Income	$	778,648		$	168,646		$	1,994,977		$	964,598
Adjustments to Arrive at FFO:
Depreciation and amortization from consolidated properties		309,199			331,252			936,346			978,998
Our share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated entities, including Klépierre, TRG and other corporate investments		202,519			136,471			609,271			402,488
(Gain) loss on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		(108,543)			91,285			(201,600)			98,168
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		—			1,279			3,177			20,125
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest holders in properties		405			753			2,875			4,551
Noncontrolling interests portion of depreciation and amortization and gain on consolidation of properties		(5,005)			(5,154)			(14,354)			(14,665)
Preferred distributions and dividends		(1,313)			(1,313)			(3,939)			(3,939)
FFO of the Operating Partnership	$	1,175,910		$	723,219		$	3,326,753		$	2,450,324
FFO allocable to limited partners		147,864			95,426			418,548			323,591
Dilutive FFO allocable to common stockholders	$	1,028,046		$	627,793		$	2,908,205		$	2,126,733
Diluted net income per share to diluted FFO per share reconciliation:
Diluted net income per share	$	2.07		$	0.48		$	5.30		$	2.74
Depreciation and amortization from consolidated properties and our share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated entities, including Klépierre, TRG and other corporate investments, net of noncontrolling interests portion of depreciation and amortization		1.35			1.30			4.08			3.87
(Gain) loss on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		(0.29)			0.26			(0.54)			0.28
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		—			0.01			0.01			0.06
Diluted FFO per share	$	3.13		$	2.05		$	8.85		$	6.95
Basic and Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		328,619			305,913			328,576			306,099
Weighted average limited partnership units outstanding		47,263			46,507			47,289			46,574
Basic and Diluted weighted average shares and units outstanding		375,882			352,420			375,865			352,673

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The following schedule reconciles consolidated net income to our beneficial share of NOI.


	For the Three Months Ended					For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,					September 30,
	2021			2020		2021			2020

	(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Reconciliation of NOI of consolidated entities:
Consolidated Net Income	$	778,648		$	168,646	$	1,994,977		$	964,598
Income and other tax expense (benefit)		67,262			2,779		108,367			(3,065)
Gain on exchange of equity interests		(159,828)			—		(159,828)			—
Interest expense		199,772			201,858		602,207			586,545
Income from unconsolidated entities		(198,524)			(61,823)		(562,138)			(156,610)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		28,593			—		31,552			—
Unrealized losses in fair value of equity instruments		4,944			1,279		8,121			20,125
(Gain) loss on acquisition of controlling interest, sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net		(108,543)			91,285		(201,600)			98,168
Operating Income Before Other Items		612,324			404,024		1,821,658			1,509,761
Depreciation and amortization		311,381			333,755		942,851			986,157
Home and regional office costs		48,667			39,960		132,365			130,420
General and administrative		6,909			3,016		20,739			17,206
NOI of consolidated entities	$	979,281		$	780,755	$	2,917,613		$	2,643,544
Less: Noncontrolling interest partners share of NOI		(5,638)			(5,643)		(15,178)			(14,454)
Beneficial NOI of consolidated entities	$	973,643		$	775,112	$	2,902,435		$	2,629,090
Reconciliation of NOI of unconsolidated entities:
Net Income	$	165,143		$	100,154	$	484,248		$	377,631
Interest expense		154,501			154,579		453,145			463,629
Gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities, net		—			—		(33,371)			—
Operating Income Before Other Items		319,644			254,733		904,022			841,260
Depreciation and amortization		170,568			175,716		512,165			512,705
NOI of unconsolidated entities	$	490,212		$	430,449	$	1,416,187		$	1,353,965
Less: Joint Venture partners share of NOI		(257,729)			(222,780)		(744,186)			(710,059)
Beneficial NOI of unconsolidated entities	$	232,483		$	207,669	$	672,001		$	643,906
Add: NOI from TRG		108,301			—		307,848			—
Add: NOI from retailer and other investments		189,565			80,130		479,808			174,138
Beneficial interest of Combined NOI	$	1,503,992		$	1,062,911	$	4,362,092		$	3,447,134
Less: Corporate and Other NOI Sources (1)		25,663			24,891		133,131			141,064
Less: NOI from Retailer Investments		140,374			30,543		339,731			(8,681)
Less: NOI from Investments (2)		49,191			47,597		134,151			152,166
Portfolio NOI	$	1,288,764		$	959,880	$	3,755,079		$	3,162,585
Portfolio NOI Change		34.3	%				18.7	%

(1)	Includes income components excluded from portfolio NOI and domestic property NOI (domestic lease termination income, interest income, land sale gains, straight line lease income, above/below market lease adjustments), Simon management company revenues, and other assets.

(2)	Includes NOI of Klépierre at constant currency.

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Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Sensitivity Analysis

We disclosed a qualitative and quantitative analysis regarding market risk in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the combined 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership. There have been no material changes in the assumptions used or results obtained regarding market risk since December 31, 2020.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Simon

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Simon maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s, or the SEC’s, rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Simon’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Because of inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.

Our management, with the participation of Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Simon’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2021. Based on that evaluation, Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, Simon’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in Simon’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Simon’s internal control over financial reporting.

The Operating Partnership

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Operating Partnership maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Because of inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.

Our management, with the participation of Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2021. Based on that evaluation, Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II — Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are involved from time-to-time in various legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, environmental matters, and litigation in connection with transactions such as acquisitions and divestitures. We believe that our current proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations. We record a liability when a loss is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Through the period covered by this report, there were no material changes to the Risk Factors disclosed under Item 1A. Risk Factors in Part I of the combined 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Simon

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities made by Simon during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

There were no unregistered purchases of equity securities made by Simon during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

The Operating Partnership

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities made by the Operating Partnership during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

There were no unregistered purchases of equity securities made by the Operating Partnership during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the quarter covered by this report, the Audit Committee of Simon’s Board of Directors approved certain audit, audit-related and non-audit tax compliance and tax consulting services to be provided by Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm. This disclosure is made pursuant to Section 10A(i)(2) of the Exchange Act as added by Section 202 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number		Exhibit Descriptions
10.1		Second Amended and Restated $3,500,000,000 Credit Agreement, dated as of October 26, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Simon Property Group, L.P.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 28, 2021.
31.1		Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2		Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3		Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.4		Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1		Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2		Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, INC.

	/s/ Brian J. McDade
	Brian J. McDade
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
	Officer and Treasurer
	Date: November 3, 2021

	SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, L.P.

	/s/ Brian J. McDade
	Brian J. McDade
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
	Treasurer of Simon Property Group, Inc., General Partner
	Date: November 3, 2021