Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

Commission File Number 001-33274

 

TRAVELCENTERS OF AMERICA LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

24601 Center Ridge Road, Suite 200, Westlake, OH  44145-5639

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

(440) 808-9100

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer x		Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes o  No x

 

Number of Common Shares outstanding at November 7, 2008: 16,048,865 common shares.

 

 

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TRAVELCENTERS OF AMERICA LLC

 

FORM 10-Q

 

September 30, 2008

 

INDEX

 

		Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of September 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three months ended September 30, 2008, and the three months ended September 30, 2007	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, and the eight months ended September 30, 2007, for TravelCenters of America LLC, and the one month ended January 31, 2007, for TravelCenters of America, Inc. (predecessor)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, and the eight months ended September 30, 2007 for TravelCenters of America LLC, and the one month ended January 31, 2007, for TravelCenters of America, Inc. (predecessor)	4
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 4T.	Controls and Procedures	31
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	32
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	33
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34
Item 5.	Other Information	34
Item 6.	Exhibits	36
	Warning Concerning Forward Looking Statements	37
SIGNATURE		39

 

As used herein the terms “we”, “us”, “our” and “TA” include TravelCenters of America LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

 

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Part I.  Financial Information

 

Item 1.  Financial Statements

 

TravelCenters of America LLC

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

 

		September 30,			December 31,
		2008			2007
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	144,049		$	148,876
Restricted cash		—			4,801
Restricted investments		—			271,415
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,319 as of September 30, 2008 and $2,327 as of December 31, 2007)		110,393			110,555
Inventories		149,013			148,005
Leasehold improvement receivable		11,228			25,000
Other current assets		59,931			37,362
Total current assets		474,614			746,014
Property and equipment, net		419,431			397,266
Intangible assets, net		36,595			39,962
Leasehold improvement receivable		10,597			63,320
Other noncurrent assets		20,291			16,759
Total assets		$	961,528		$	1,263,321
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current maturities of long term debt		$	—		$	262,866
Accounts payable		160,135			154,906
Other current liabilities		131,758			150,011
Total current liabilities		291,893			567,783
Other noncurrent liabilities		73,970			55,479
Capital lease obligations		104,240			105,859
Deferred leasehold improvement allowance		89,683			94,760
Total liabilities		559,786			823,881
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders’ equity:
Common shares, no par value, 16,048,985 and 14,489,265 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively		543,834			539,476
Accumulated other comprehensive income		774			1,272
Accumulated deficit		(142,866		)	(101,308		)
Total shareholders’ equity		401,742			439,440
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$	961,528		$	1,263,321

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

		Three Months Ended
		September 30,
		2008			2007
Revenues:
Fuel		$	1,832,414		$	1,447,583
Non-fuel		321,429			332,102
Rent and royalties		3,850			3,933
Total revenues		2,157,693			1,783,618
Cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation):
Fuel		1,747,106			1,392,628
Non-fuel		134,991			143,088
Total cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation)		1,882,097			1,535,716
Operating expenses:
Site level operating		166,567			163,287
Selling, general & administrative		21,256			32,597
Real estate rent		58,696			57,908
Depreciation and amortization		10,445			5,976
Total operating expenses		256,964			259,768
Income (loss) from operations		18,632			(11,866		)
Equity in income of joint venture		465			547
Interest income		862			7,043
Interest expense		(3,154		)	(5,108		)
Income (loss) before income taxes		16,805			(9,384		)
Provision for income taxes		150			7,074
Net income (loss)		$	16,655		$	(16,458	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, (net of taxes of $(101) and $132, respectively)		(294		)	676
Comprehensive income (loss)		$	16,361		$	(15,782	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic		15,084			13,884
Diluted		15,359			13,884
Income (loss) per share:
Basic		$	1.10		$	(1.19	)
Diluted		$	1.08		$	(1.19	)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

		Company						Predecessor
		Nine Months			Eight Months			One Month
		Ended			Ended			Ended
		September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			January 31, 2007
Revenues:
Fuel		$	5,415,499		$	3,266,012		$	285,053
Non-fuel		916,874			732,371			66,795
Rent and royalties		11,010			8,361			834
Total revenues		6,343,383			4,006,744			352,682
Cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation):
Fuel		5,227,879			3,153,507			270,694
Non-fuel		384,530			309,611			27,478
Total cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation)		5,612,409			3,463,118			298,172
Operating expenses:
Site level operating		484,532			361,173			36,093
Selling, general & administrative		77,298			69,621			8,892
Real estate rent		174,789			132,167			931
Depreciation and amortization		32,516			19,333			5,786
Merger related		—			—			44,972
Total operating expenses		769,135			582,294			96,674
Loss from operations		(38,161		)	(38,668		)	(42,164		)
Debt extinguishment expenses		—			—			(16,140		)
Equity in income of joint venture		821			737			—
Interest income		6,171			12,161			1,131
Interest expense		(9,892		)	(9,375		)	(5,345		)
Loss before income taxes		(41,061		)	(35,145		)	(62,518		)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		497			(2,730		)	(40,470		)
Net loss		$	(41,558	)	$	(32,415	)	$	(22,048	)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, (net of taxes of $(171), $361 and $(47), respectively)		(498		)	1,243			(47		)
Comprehensive loss		$	(42,056	)	$	(31,172	)	$	(22,095	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		14,498			10,519			6,937
Loss per share:
Basic and diluted		$	(2.87	)	$	(3.08	)	$	(3.18	)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

		Company						Predecessor
		Nine Months			Eight Months			One Month
		Ended			Ended			Ended
		September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			January 31, 2007
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss		$	(41,558	)	$	(32,415	)	$	(22,048	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Noncash rent expense		20,987			12,428			34
Cash received for leasehold improvements sold to Hospitality Trust		69,839			13,667			—
Share based compensation expense		782			260			4,268
Depreciation and amortization		32,516			19,333			5,786
Equity in income of joint venture		(821		)	(737		)	—
Amortization of deferred financing costs		312			—			267
Debt extinguishment expenses		—			—			16,140
Deferred income tax provision and change in valuation allowance		—			(2,730		)	(33,827		)
Provision for doubtful accounts		1,284			446			50
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable		(869		)	(28,012		)	9,112
Inventories		(1,048		)	(15,357		)	4,779
Other current assets		(22,578		)	(15,477		)	(10,452		)
Accounts payable and other current accrued liabilities		7,014			924			59,966
Other, net		(7,050		)	(7,938		)	5,950
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		58,810			(55,608		)	40,025
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions of businesses		—			(25,059		)	—
Proceeds from asset sales		2,753			19			35
Proceeds from assets sold to Hospitality Trust		—			1,438			—
Capital expenditures		(71,153		)	(75,905		)	(7,176		)
Net cash used in investing activities		(68,400		)	(99,507		)	(7,141		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Decrease in checks drawn in excess of bank balances		—			—			(8,170		)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares		—			205,338			—
Long term debt repayments		—			—			(54		)
Cash security for letters of credit refunded (deposited)		4,801			(37,007		)	—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		4,801			168,331			(8,224		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(38		)	114			(7		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash		(4,827		)	13,330			24,653
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period		148,876			245,010			55,297
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period		$	144,049		$	258,340		$	79,950

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

1.             Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Organization

 

TravelCenters of America LLC, together with its subsidiaries, which we refer to collectively as the Company, we, us and our, operates and franchises travel centers under the “TravelCenters of America,” “TA” and “Petro” brands primarily along the U.S. interstate highway system. Our customers include trucking fleets and their drivers, independent truck drivers and motorists.  Our travel centers are typically 20 to 25 acre sites and provide our customers with diesel fuel and gasoline as well as non-fuel products and services such as truck repair and maintenance services, full service restaurants, quick service restaurants, travel and convenience stores and various other driver services. We also collect rents and franchise royalties from our franchisees.

 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. These unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, applicable for interim financial statements. Therefore, the disclosures do not include all the information necessary for complete financial statements in accordance with GAAP.  These unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.  In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.  Our operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

 

At September 30, 2008, our business included 236 travel centers in 41 states and in Canada, 167 of which were operated under the “Travel Centers of America” or “TA” brand names and 69 that were operated under the “Petro” brand name. We operated 189 of these travel centers, which we refer to as Company operated sites, and our franchisees operated 47 of these travel centers, including 10 travel centers which our franchisees sublease from us and 37 travel centers which our franchisees own or lease from other lessors.

 

We were formed as a Delaware limited liability company on October 10, 2006. Our initial capitalization of one dollar was provided by Hospitality Properties Trust, or Hospitality Trust, on our formation date. Until January 31, 2007, we were a wholly owned, indirect subsidiary of Hospitality Trust that conducted no business activities.  On January 31, 2007, Hospitality Trust acquired Travel Centers of America, Inc., our predecessor, through a merger of a subsidiary of ours with and into TravelCenters of America, Inc., restructured the business of our predecessor and distributed our then outstanding shares to Hospitality Trust shareholders in a spin off transaction.  The principal effects of the restructuring were that (i) our predecessor became our 100% owned subsidiary, (ii) subsidiaries of Hospitality Trust that we do not own became owners of the real estate at substantially all of the travel centers and certain other assets previously owned by our predecessor, (iii) we entered a lease for that real estate and those other assets with those subsidiaries of Hospitality Trust, which we refer to as the TA Lease, and (iv) all of the outstanding indebtedness of our predecessor was repaid in full.  We refer to these January 31, 2007 events as the HPT Transaction (see Note 3). We retained the balance of the assets previously owned by our predecessor and continued their operations.  We sometimes refer to Hospitality Trust and the subsidiaries of Hospitality Trust from which we lease properties collectively as Hospitality Trust.

 

On May 30, 2007, we acquired Petro Stopping Centers, L.P., or Petro, from Petro Stopping Centers Holdings, L.P., or Petro Holdings, which transaction we refer to as the Petro Acquisition (see Note 3).  Also on May 30, 2007, Hospitality Trust acquired Petro Holdings, which owned the real estate of 40 Petro travel centers.  Simultaneously with Hospitality Trust’s acquisition of this real estate, we leased these 40 travel centers from Hospitality Trust. We refer to this lease as the Petro Lease.  On September 1, 2008, Petro merged with and into our wholly owned subsidiary TA Operating LLC.  At that time, Petro’s separate legal existence ceased; however, we continue to operate Petro’s travel centers under the Petro brand.

 

2.             Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, or FAS 157. FAS 157 provides a common fair value hierarchy for companies to follow to determine fair value measurements in the preparation of financial statements and expands disclosure requirements relating to how such fair value measurements were developed. FAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the assumptions that the marketplace would use when pricing an asset or liability, rather than company specific data.  FAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007.  However, on February 12, 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position 157-2 which delayed the effective date of FAS 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. For items within its scope, this Staff Position defers the effective date of FAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  The Company adopted FAS 157 effective January 1, 2008, for its financial assets and liabilities and this adoption did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.  We do not believe that the adoption, effective January 1, 2009, of FAS 157 for our non-financial assets and liabilities will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations”, or FAS 141(R).  FAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer shall recognize and measure in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and goodwill acquired in a business combination.  FAS 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.  We are currently evaluating the effect that adopting FAS 141(R) will have on our consolidated financial statements.

 

3.             HPT Transaction and Petro Acquisition

 

On January 31, 2007, the HPT Transaction was consummated and we entered the TA Lease.  On May 30, 2007, we consummated the Petro Acquisition and entered the Petro Lease.  Significant differences exist between our statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and that of our predecessor.

 

The following unaudited pro forma information presents our results of operations for the 2007 periods as if both the HPT Transaction and the Petro Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2007:

 

		Three Months Ended September 30, 2007				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
Total revenues		$	1,783,618			$	5,234,089
Net loss		$		(16,458	)	$	(79,844	)
Loss per common share		$		(1.19	)	$	(7.44	)

 

These pro forma results of operations are presented for comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that actually would have resulted had the HPT Transaction and the Petro Acquisition occurred at the beginning of the period presented, or that may result in the future.  The pro forma results for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 include $66,554 of merger related expenses, $16,662 of debt extinguishment expenses and $4,268 of share based compensation expense, each incurred by our predecessor or Petro as a result of the HPT Transaction or our Petro Acquisition, and $15,251 of expenses related to employee retention and separation payments.  The pro forma results for the three months ended September 30, 2007 include $6,882 of expenses related to employee retention and separation payments.  We do not include motor fuel taxes in our fuel revenues and fuel cost of sales; however, prior to the Petro Acquisition, Petro included motor fuel taxes in their fuel revenues and fuel cost of sales.  For purposes of the pro forma presentation provided above, these amounts, for periods prior to May 30, 2007, have not been removed from Petro’s reported revenues for periods prior to the Petro Acquisition.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the total revenues presented above include $130,240 of motor fuel taxes that were also included in fuel cost of sales.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

4.             Earnings Per Share

 

As of the date of the HPT Transaction and continuing through September 30, 2008, we did not have any share options or warrants outstanding.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2008, we issued 1,540,000 common shares to Hospitality Trust under the terms of a rent deferral agreement with HPT (see Note 8) and 5,000 common shares under our equity incentive plan (see Note 7).

 

The following table reconciles our basic earnings per common share to diluted earnings per common share.  The assumed exercise of our predecessor’s stock options and warrants, all of which were cancelled in connection with the HPT Transaction, would have had an anti-dilutive effect on loss per share for the one month period ended January 31, 2007.  Our unvested common share grants would have had an anti-dilutive effect on our loss per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and the three months and eight months ended September 30, 2007.

 

								Nine months			Eight months			One month
		Three months ended						ended			ended			Ended
		September 30,						September 30,			September 30,			January 31,
		2008			2007			2008			2007			2007
Determination of shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		15,084			13,884			14,498			10,519			6,937
Dilutive effect of unvested shares issued under equity incentive plan		275			—			—			—			—
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		15,359			13,884			14,498			10,519			6,937
Basic earnings (loss) per common share		$	1.10		$	(1.19	)	$	(2.87	)	$	(3.08	)	$	(3.18	)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share		$	1.08		$	(1.19	)	$	(2.87	)	$	(3.08	)	$	(3.18	)

 

5.             Inventories

 

Inventories consisted of the following:

 

		September 30,			December 31,
		2008			2007
Non-fuel merchandise		$	109,618		$	105,222
Petroleum products		39,395			42,783
Total inventories		$	149,013		$	148,005

 

6.             Restricted Investments, Current Maturities of Long Term Debt and Credit Facility

 

The 9% Notes.  Simultaneously with the Petro Acquisition, we and Hospitality Trust made arrangements to call Petro’s 9% Senior Secured Notes due 2012, which we refer to as the 9% Notes, by depositing with the trustee for the 9% Notes U.S. Treasury obligations sufficient to effect a covenant defeasance, to pay all of the interest due on the 9% Notes until the redemption date and to pay the full amount of the 9% Notes, including the redemption premium, on the redemption date of February 15, 2008. On December 31, 2007, $250,000 in principal amount of the 9% Notes was outstanding.  The 9% Notes were our obligations and remained so until the redemption date, and are included on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2007, at their estimated fair value, which includes the redemption premium.  On February 15, 2008, we paid the 9% Notes, the redemption premium and accrued interest using funds from the restricted investments that had been held by the trustee for that purpose.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

Revolving Credit Facility.  We have a $100,000 revolving credit agreement, or our credit facility, under which a maximum of $100,000 may be drawn, repaid and redrawn until maturity in November 2012. The maximum amount is subject to limits based on qualified collateral. The credit facility may be used for general business purposes and provides for the issuance of letters of credit. Generally, no principal payments are due until maturity. Credit facility borrowings bear interest at LIBOR plus a spread that is currently 100 basis points, subject to adjustment based upon facility availability, utilization and other requirements. The credit facility is collateralized principally by our accounts receivable and inventory.  On July 8, 2008, we entered an amendment to the credit facility to add as qualified collateral certain receivables and inventory related to our Petro sites, which assets had been previously excluded from the collateral supporting our credit facility.

 

The credit facility requires maintenance of collateral, limits the incurrence of debt and liens, restricts our making certain investments and the payment of dividends and other distributions, requires a minimum fixed charge ratio under certain circumstances and has other customary covenants and conditions. The credit facility provides for acceleration of principal and interest payments upon an event of default. Events of default include, but are not limited to, failure to pay interest or other amounts due, a change in control of us, as defined in the credit facility, and our default of the lease agreements with Hospitality Trust or our management and shared services agreement with Reit Management & Research LLC, or Reit Management.

 

At December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2008, there were no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility, but at September 30, 2008, we had outstanding $69,613 of letters of credit issued under this facility, which we caused to be issued to secure certain purchases, insurance, fuel tax and other trade obligations.

 

7.             Shareholders’ Equity and Equity Incentive Plans

 

On January 31, 2007, as part of the HPT Transaction, Hospitality Trust distributed 8,808,575 of our common shares to its shareholders in a spin off transaction.  In July and August 2007 we issued an additional 5,335,090 of our common shares in a public offering.

 

Pursuant to the rent deferral agreement described in Note 8, on August 11, 2008, we issued to Hospitality Trust 1,540,000 common shares, approximately 9.6% of our shares outstanding after this new issuance.  In the event we do not defer in full the permitted amounts through December 31, 2009, a pro-rata amount of our shares issued to Hospitality Trust may be repurchased by us from Hospitality Trust for nominal consideration.  This deferral agreement also includes a prohibition on share repurchases and dividends by us while any deferred rent remains unpaid.  The shares issued to Hospitality Trust were valued in the aggregate at $3,577, their estimated fair value based on the closing price of our common shares on the date of issuance, and were recorded in our consolidated financial statements as an increase in shareholders’ equity with an offsetting increase in a deferred financing cost asset that will be amortized into interest expense over the period through December 31, 2009.

 

Equity Incentive Plans.  An aggregate of 2,000,000 of our common shares were authorized for issuance under the terms of our 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, or the Plan.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, 30,000 shares were awarded under the Plan.  These awards were valued at an aggregate value of $70 based on the closing prices of our shares on the exchange on which they are traded on the dates of the grants.  As of September 30, 2008, 1,634,680 shares remained available for issuance under our Plan.  We recognized $232 and $782 of noncash share based compensation expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, and recognized $260 of such expense during the eight months ended September 30, 2007.

 

Our predecessor had a share option plan that we did not assume. All 939,375 share options that were outstanding under our predecessor’s share option plan as of December 31, 2006 were cancelled as part of the HPT Transaction on January 31, 2007. Our predecessor recognized share based compensation expense of $4,268 in January 2007 when its outstanding options vested and were cancelled as a result of the HPT Transaction.

 

8.             Related Party Transactions

 

One of our Managing Directors, Barry Portnoy, is a managing trustee of Hospitality Trust and the Chairman and majority owner of Reit Management.  Our other Managing Director and President is also an executive vice president of Reit Management.  Our Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer is also a senior vice president of Reit Management.  In addition to providing services to us, Reit Management also provides services to Hospitality Trust.  Further, Hospitality Trust owns approximately 9.6% of our outstanding common shares.  For these reasons, we consider Hospitality Trust and Reit Management to be related parties of ours.  For a further

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

description of relationships among us, Hospitality Trust and Reit Management, please review the contracts among these parties which are publicly available as exhibits to our public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and are accessible at the SEC website, www.sec.gov, and also see our descriptions of these relationships in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, the descriptions in our periodic reports filed with the SEC after the date of that Proxy Statement of certain applicable agreements entered following that date and the description of the risks which may arise from these relationships in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, all of which documents are also accessible at the SEC website.

 

We were formerly a 100% subsidiary of Hospitality Trust and Hospitality Trust is our principal landlord.  During 2007 we completed both the HPT Transaction and the Petro Acquisition together with Hospitality Trust.  Under these leases we are required to pay the following rent amounts: (i) minimum amounts of rent to Hospitality Trust specified in the TA Lease and the Petro Lease, (ii) additional rent to Hospitality Trust in connection with certain sales to Hospitality Trust of qualifying improvements at sites leased from Hospitality Trust, and (iii) the underlying ground lease payments at those sites subleased to us by Hospitality Trust, which ground lease payments we pay directly to the party from whom Hospitality Trust leases the site.  For certain sites, Hospitality Trust has exercised purchase options or otherwise acquired the leased properties that had previously been subleased to us and we now pay the related ground lease rents to Hospitality Trust.

 

Under the TA Lease, we can sell to Hospitality Trust certain capital improvements we make to properties owned by Hospitality Trust with no increase in our rent payable to Hospitality Trust.  These sales originally were limited to $125,000 with no more than $25,000 of sales permitted in any one year.  On May 12, 2008, we and Hospitality Trust amended the TA Lease.  This lease amendment permits us to sell to Hospitality Trust qualified improvements which we have made or may make to the travel centers leased from Hospitality Trust under the TA Lease on an expedited basis.  In the event that we elect to sell these capital improvements before the time contractually permitted by the original lease terms, Hospitality Trust’s purchase commitment amount is discounted to reflect the accelerated receipt of funds by us according to a present value formula established in the amended lease.  During the nine month period ended September 30, 2008, we sold leasehold improvements to Hospitality Trust for total cash proceeds, after the discounts for accelerated receipts, of $69,838.  At September 30, 2008, $25,821 of the $125,000 total amount of the leasehold improvements saleable to Hospitality Trust with no increase in our rent remained available.

 

On August 11, 2008 we entered a rent deferral agreement with Hospitality Trust.  Under the terms of the deferral agreement we have the option to defer our monthly rent payments to Hospitality Trust by up to $5,000 per month for periods beginning July 1, 2008 until December 31, 2010 and we are not obligated to pay cash interest on the deferred rent through December 31, 2009.  Also pursuant to the deferral agreement, we issued 1,540,000 of our common shares to Hospitality Trust (which represents approximately 9.6% of our shares outstanding after this new issuance).  In the event we do not defer our monthly payments for all the permitted amounts through December 31, 2009, we may repurchase a pro-rata amount of our shares issued to Hospitality Trust for nominal consideration.  In the event that any rents which have been deferred remain unpaid or additional rent amounts are deferred after December 31, 2009, interest on all such amounts is payable to Hospitality Trust monthly at the rate of 12% per annum, beginning January 1, 2010.  No additional rent deferrals are permitted for rent periods after December 31, 2010.  Any deferred rent (and interest thereon) not paid is due to Hospitality Trust on July 1, 2011.  Any deferred amounts (and related interest) may be prepaid at any time.  This deferral agreement also includes a prohibition on share repurchases and dividends by us while any deferred rent remains unpaid and has change of control covenants so that amounts deferred will be immediately payable to Hospitality Trust in the event we experience a change of control while deferred rent is unpaid.  As of September 30, 2008, we had deferred an aggregate of $15,000 of rent payable to Hospitality Trust.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

The following table summarizes the various amounts related to our leases with Hospitality Trust that are reflected in our operating results:

 

		Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended			Eight Months Ended
		September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007
Minimum base rent cash payments		$	39,806		$	53,932		$	148,835		$	123,416
Rent for improvements sold to Hospitality Trust		31			31			92			41
Rent for ground leases acquired by Hospitality Trust		2,099			511			5,044			1,258
Total rent payments to Hospitality Trust		41,936			54,474			153,971			124,715
Required straight line rent adjustments		3,424			4,299			10,564			11,464
Rent deferred under rent deferral agreement		15,000			—			15,000			—
Less capital lease obligation amortization		(540		)	(480		)	(1,620		)	(1,280		)
Less amount recognized as interest		(2,342		)	(2,402		)	(7,026		)	(6,405		)
Less deferred leasehold improvement allowance amortization		(1,692		)	(1,693		)	(5,077		)	(4,513		)
Rent to Hospitality Trust recognized as rent expense		$	55,786		$	54,198		$	165,812		$	123,981

 

Other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, include $13,282 and $17,987, respectively, for rent due to Hospitality Trust.  Other noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2008 included $15,000 of deferred rent payable to Hospitality Trust under the rent deferral agreement.

 

We are party to a management and shared services agreement with Reit Management. Reit Management assists us with various aspects of our business, which may include, but are not limited to, compliance with various laws and rules applicable to our status as a publicly owned company, maintenance of our travel centers, site selection for properties on which new travel centers may be developed, identification of, and purchase negotiation for travel centers and travel center companies, accounting and financial reporting, capital markets and financing activities, investor relations and general oversight of all our daily business activities, including legal matters, human resources, insurance programs, management information systems and the like. For these services, we pay Reit Management a fee equal to 0.6% of our fuel gross margin and 0.6% of our total non-fuel revenues. The fee is payable monthly based upon the prior month’s margin or revenues, as applicable. In connection with the payments made to Reit Management under the management and shared services agreement, for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we recognized expense of $2,482 and $2,339, respectively, and for the nine and eight months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 we recognized expense of $6,635 and $5,049, respectively, included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

We have a minority joint venture interest in Petro Travel Plaza Holdings LLC, which owns one travel center that we operate under a management agreement and a parcel of land upon which Petro Travel Plaza Holdings LLC is developing a new travel center that we expect to operate.  This investment is accounted for under the equity method.  We recognized equity income of $821 and $737 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and the eight months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  In addition, included in our results for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 and eight month period ended September 30, 2007 was management and accounting fee income of $285 and $129, respectively, earned from managing this joint venture.  At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had a net payable to this joint venture of $1,742 and $4,406, respectively. On October 8, 2008 we made a capital contribution to Petro Travel Plaza Holdings LLC in the amount of $6,970 in conjunction with our joint venture partner contributing land to the joint venture, such that our ownership percentage remained at 40%.

 

9.             Commitments and Contingencies

 

Guarantees

 

In the normal course of our business we periodically enter into agreements that contain guarantees or indemnification provisions. While the maximum amount to which we may be exposed under such agreements cannot be estimated, we do not believe that any potential guaranty or indemnification will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

We offer a warranty of our workmanship in our truck repair shops, but we believe the annual warranty expense and corresponding liability are not material to us.

 

Environmental Matters

 

Our operations and properties are extensively regulated by environmental laws that (i) regulate our operations that may have adverse environmental effects, such as potentially hazardous discharges to air, soil and water, (ii) regulate our management of petroleum products and other potentially hazardous substances, and (iii) impose liability for the costs of cleaning up sites affected by, and for damages resulting from, disposal or other releases of hazardous substances. We use underground and above ground storage tanks to store petroleum products and waste at our travel centers; and we must comply with requirements of environmental laws regarding tank construction, integrity testing, leak detection and monitoring, overfill and spill control, contaminant release reporting, financial assurance and corrective action in the event of a release from a storage tank into the environment.  We regularly conduct investigatory and/or remedial actions with respect to releases of hazardous substances at a number of our sites. We regularly receive notices of alleged violations of environmental laws at travel centers.

 

Under certain environmental agreements entered into as part of our predecessor’s acquisitions of travel centers, prior owners of certain of our sites are required to indemnify us for certain environmental conditions. Certain of our remediation expenditures may be recovered from state government administered tank funds. In addition, we have insurance of up to $35,000 for environmental liabilities at certain of our travel centers that were known at the time the policies were issued, and up to $60,000 for unknown environmental liabilities, subject, in each case, to certain limitations and deductibles.

 

At September 30, 2008, we had an accrued liability for environmental matters of $10,146, as well as a receivable for expected recoveries of certain of these estimated future expenditures and cash in an escrow account to fund certain of these estimated future expenditures, resulting in an estimated net amount of $3,645 to be funded by us in the future.  While it is not possible to quantify with certainty our environmental exposure, in our opinion, based upon the information now known to us, our potential liability for clean up and remediation in excess of the accrual we have recorded will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

While the costs of our environmental compliance in the past have not had, and we do not believe such costs will have, a material adverse impact on us, it is impossible to predict the ultimate effect that changing circumstances and changing environmental laws may have on us in the future. We cannot be certain that additional contamination presently unknown to us does not exist at our sites, or that material liability will not be imposed on us in the future. If additional environmental matters arise or are discovered, or if additional environmental requirements are imposed by government agencies, increased environmental compliance or remediation expenditures may be required, and such costs could have a material adverse effect on us.

 

Pending Litigation

 

In February 2006 a subsidiary of our predecessor, Pilot Travel Centers, LLC, or Pilot, a competitor of ours, and others were sued by Flying J, Inc., or Flying J, another one of our competitors, and its affiliates in the U.S. District Court for the District of Utah.  In essence the lawsuit claimed that we, Pilot and others participated in an unlawful concerted antitrust action to refuse to accept a payment card issued by a Flying J affiliate.  Flying J and its affiliates sought damages in amounts to be determined at trial and other relief.  In April 2008 we settled this litigation by paying $5,000 and by agreeing to accept the payment card issued by one of Flying J’s affiliates.  As a result of this settlement, we were dismissed from the litigation on May 5, 2008.  The expense related to this settlement was recognized in the first quarter of 2008 in our selling, general and administrative expenses and we paid the settlement amount in April 2008.

 

In May 2007 we terminated a contract with Simons Petroleum, Inc., or Simons, a fuel marketer, that had been entered by our predecessor.  This contract permitted Simons to market fuel to trucking companies and distribute that fuel through our TA branded locations in exchange for paying low pumping fees to us.  The termination was made at our option as provided in the contract and required an 18 month wind down period during which Simons may continue to market and distribute fuel through our locations.  A dispute arose between us and Simons regarding the proper conduct of the parties during the wind down period.  After settlement negotiations were conducted, we and Simons participated in a mediation, which failed to produce a settlement.  In February 2008, we

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

and Simons participated in a binding arbitration, under the auspices of the American Arbitration Association, or AAA.  On March 14, 2008, we received the AAA ruling, which ordered us to pay Simons $900 and to accept new customers, if any, presented to us by Simons until November 7, 2008.  We recognized the expense of $900 related to the AAA ruling in the fourth quarter of 2007 and paid this amount in April 2008.

 

On February 1, 2008, we commenced litigation against E2 Investment Partners LLC and related entities and individuals in the Delaware Court of Chancery.  On December 31, 2007, these defendants forwarded a letter to us proposing directors and other matters for consideration at our 2008 annual meeting of shareholders.  We sought a court order declaring that the defendants did not comply with our limited liability company agreement, or LLC agreement, and that therefore the defendants’ notice was invalid and their proposed nominees and other matters were not properly presented for consideration at our 2008 annual meeting.  On April 4, 2008, the Delaware Court of Chancery issued an order declaring that the defendants’ notice breached our LLC agreement and was therefore invalid and of no force or effect.  On May 8, 2008, we commenced a second litigation against the same defendants in the Delaware Court of Chancery to collect our costs and expenses arising from the defendants’ breach of our LLC agreement.  On July 2, 2008, the defendants filed an answer to our complaint and generally denied liability.  Certain defendants in this litigation have recently hired new counsel and filed a motion to dismiss.  We have opposed their motion and filed a cross motion for partial summary judgment.  No hearing has yet been scheduled for these motions.  We do not know what amounts, if any, will ultimately be collected by us.

 

On February 1, 2008, Alan R. Kahn filed a purported derivative action in the Delaware Court of Chancery on behalf of TA against members of our board of directors, Hospitality Trust and Reit Management. This action alleges that our directors breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the Petro Acquisition and seeks an award of unspecified damages and reformation of our Petro Lease. This action also appears to allege that Reit Management and Hospitality Trust aided and abetted our directors.  Under our LLC agreement and agreements with Reit Management and Hospitality Trust, we are liable to indemnify our directors, Hospitality Trust and Reit Management for liabilities, costs and expenses incurred by them in connection with this litigation.  On May 6, 2008, we moved to dismiss this complaint.  On June 20, 2008 the plaintiff filed an amended complaint making additional allegations regarding the members of our board of directors and withdrawing his request for reformation of the Petro Lease.  On July 2, 2008, we moved to dismiss the amended complaint.  On September 12, 2008, the plaintiff filed his answering brief in opposition to our motion to dismiss.  The answering brief stated that the plaintiff would voluntarily dismiss his claims against Reit Management and also conceded that the plaintiff was unable to effect service of process on Hospitality Trust.  On October 7, 2008, we filed our reply brief in support of our motion to dismiss.   On October 30, 2008, Mr. Kahn’s claims against Reit Management were dismissed.  A hearing on our motion to dismiss is scheduled for November 25, 2008.  We believe the plaintiff’s allegations are without merit.

 

Beginning in mid December 2006, a series of class action lawsuits were filed against numerous companies in the petroleum industry, including our predecessor and subsidiaries, in United States District courts in over 20 states. Major petroleum companies and significant retailers in the industry have been named as defendants in one or more of these lawsuits.  The plaintiffs in the lawsuits generally allege that they are retail purchasers who purchased motor fuel at temperatures greater than 60 degrees Fahrenheit at the time of sale.   One theory alleges that the plaintiffs purchased smaller quantities of motor fuel than the amount for which we and other defendants charged them because the defendants measured the amount of motor fuel delivered by volume of gallons which, at higher temperatures, contain less energy.  These “temperature cases” seek, among other relief, an order requiring the defendants to install temperature correcting equipment on their retail motor fuel dispensing devices, damages, and attorneys’ fees.   A second theory alleges that fuel taxes are calculated in temperature adjusted 60 degree gallons and are collected by the federal and various state governments from suppliers and wholesalers, who are reimbursed in the amount of the tax by us and other retailers before the fuel is sold to consumers.  These “tax cases” allege that when the fuel is subsequently sold to consumers at temperatures above 60 degrees, the retailers sell a greater volume of fuel than the amount on which they paid tax, and therefore reap an excess profit because the customers pay more tax than the retailer paid. These “tax” cases seek, among other relief, recovery of excess taxes paid and punitive damages.  We believe that there are substantial factual and legal defenses to the theories alleged in these cases.  The cases have been consolidated into one court pursuant to multi-district litigation procedures; and, because discovery has only recently commenced, we cannot estimate our ultimate exposure to loss or liability, if any, related to these lawsuits.

 

In November 2006 Great American Insurance Company of New York and Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, or Novartis, filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against our predecessor and an

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

unrelated party Prime, Inc., or Prime, in connection with the alleged theft of a tractor trailer operated by Prime which contained Novartis pharmaceutical products.  The alleged theft occurred at our Bloomsbury, New Jersey travel center.  Novartis seeks damages up to or exceeding $30,000 together with interest and costs, attorneys’ fees and disbursements.  On January 5, 2007, our predecessor answered Novartis’ complaint and asserted a cross claim for contribution and indemnification against Prime.  On September 12, 2008, we and Prime filed motions for summary judgment as to liability and damages.  Plaintiffs filed a motion for summary judgment as to damages.  A hearing on these motions is scheduled for November 14, 2008, and a trial is scheduled to begin on January 5, 2009.  We believe that there are substantial defenses to these claims and that any liability arising from this matter may be substantially paid by one or more of our existing insurance policies or by Prime.

 

In March 2005, a California County, Tehama County, commenced litigation against our predecessor in the Superior Court of California, Tehama County, seeking civil penalties and injunctive relief arising out of a fuel spill which occurred in December 2003. In July 2008, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties in the State of California each filed litigation against us in the Superior Court of California for Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, respectively, seeking civil penalties and injunctive relief for alleged past violations of various state laws and regulations relating to our predecessor’s management of underground storage tanks.  We have been involved in negotiations with these three California counties and one other California county, Shasta County, which also is alleging past violations of various state laws and regulations relating to the management of underground storage tanks, in an effort to resolve their pending and threatened claims.  Although we believe that the judgments or settlements which may result from these litigations and negotiations are unlikely to be material to us, California’s environmental laws provide for the possible assessment of large civil penalties for various violations, including some violations which do not result in environmental harm or continuing environmental risks.  In addition, only a portion of the claims being asserted by these California counties are likely to be covered under our environmental insurance policies.  Accordingly, these litigations and negotiations may result in our obligation to pay material amounts.

 

On October 3, 2008, we received an investigative subpoena from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services requesting the production of documents relating to the retail price and cost of fuel at a site in Florida.  In late September and early October 2008, we received investigative demands from the Georgia Governor’s Office of Consumer Affairs requesting the production of documents relating to the retail price and cost of fuel for the period after September 10, 2008 at three sites in Georgia.  In late October 2008, we received an investigative subpoena from the Office of the Attorney General for South Carolina requesting the production of documents relating to the retail price and cost of gasoline at a site in South Carolina.  It appears that these investigations are motivated by the increase in fuel prices in the southeastern U.S. after certain refineries and fuel distribution pipelines were shut down during portions of the 2008 hurricane season.  We are complying with the requests made in the investigative subpoena and investigative demands from Florida and Georgia.

 

We are involved from time to time in various other legal and administrative proceedings and threatened legal and administrative proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of our business, none of which we expect, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

10.          Income Taxes

 

The provisions (benefits) for income taxes included in our current and historical financial statements were as follows:

 

		Company												Predecessor
		Three Months			Three Months			Nine Months			Eight Months			One Month
		Ended			Ended			Ended			Ended			Ended
		September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			January 31, 2007
Current tax provision (benefit):
Federal		$	—		$	7,470		$	—		$	—		$	(6,750	)
State		150			1,480			497			—			107
Foreign		—			—			—			—			—
		150			8,950			497			—			(6,643		)
Deferred tax provision (benefit):
Federal		(913		)	(10,931		)	(20,938		)	(11,901		)	(31,380		)
State		(114		)	(1,452		)	(2,487		)	(1,336		)	(2,432		)
Foreign		(39		)	—			(118		)	—			(15		)
		(1,066		)	(12,383		)	(23,543		)	(13,237		)	(33,827		)
Total tax provision (benefit)		(916		)	(3,433		)	(23,046		)	(13,237		)	(40,470		)
Change in valuation allowance		1,066			10,507			23,543			10,507			—
Net tax provision (benefit)		$	150		$	7,074		$	497		$	(2,730	)	$	(40,470	)

 

Because of our short history and our history of operating losses, we do not currently recognize the benefit of any of our deferred tax assets, including tax loss carry forwards, that may be used to offset future taxable income.  We will, however, continue to assess our ability to generate sufficient taxable income during future periods in which our deferred tax assets may be realized. If we later believe it is more likely than not we will recover some or all of our deferred tax assets, we will record an appropriate amount of these assets as an income tax benefit in our consolidated statement of operations at that time.  As of December 31, 2007, our federal net operating loss carryforward was approximately $50,470. Our net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2028.

 

Our effective tax rates for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 were a provision of 0.9% and 1.2%, respectively, which differed from the statutory rate primarily due to recognition of a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets and to state income taxes net of the federal tax effect.  Our effective tax rate for the three and eight month periods ended September 30, 2007 and our predecessor’s effective tax rate for the one month ended January 31, 2007 were a provision of 75.4%, and benefits of 7.8% and 64.7%, respectively.  Our tax rates for the three and eight month periods ended September 30, 2007, differed from the statutory rate primarily due to state income taxes, net of the federal tax effect.  Our predecessor’s tax rate for the one month ended January 31, 2007 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to deductibility for tax purposes of expenses related to stock options that were not expensed for financial reporting purposes, partially offset by certain merger related expenses recognized in the financial statements which were not deductible for income tax purposes.

 

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TravelCenters of America LLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)

 

11.          Supplemental Cash Flow Information.

 

		Company						Predecessor
		Nine Months			Eight Months			One Month
		Ended			Ended			Ended
		September 30, 2008			September 30, 2007			January 31, 2007
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid (net of capitalized interest)		$	19,233		$	362		$	32,179
Income taxes paid (net of refunds)		(4,639		)	6,541			740
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common shares		$	4,358		$	260		$	—

 

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Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Overview

 

We were formed in October 2006 as a Delaware limited liability company. We were formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of Hospitality Trust to succeed to the operating business of our predecessor, which Hospitality Trust acquired on January 31, 2007. Until January 31, 2007, we operated as a shell company subsidiary of Hospitality Trust. Because of the HPT Transaction and the Petro Acquisition described in Note 1 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe our 2007 historical financial information may not be an appropriate basis for comparison with our current or future financial position, results of operations or cash flows. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

Our fuel costs are subject to potentially material changes as a result of the market prices of diesel fuel and gasoline, as well as the availability of these products. These factors are subject to the worldwide petroleum products supply chain, which historically has incurred material price changes as a result of, among other things, severe weather, terrorism, political crises, wars and other military actions and variations in demand, which are often the result of changes in the macroeconomic environment. Over the past few years there has been a significant increase in the cost of diesel fuel and gasoline; first, as crude oil demand increased during the previous economic recovery in the United States and events such as Hurricanes Gustav, Ike and Katrina affected the supply system; then as economic growth in certain developing economies, such as China and India, increased demand for petroleum products; and, more recently, as the world value of the U.S. dollar has declined and as speculation in the price of these commodities has increased. We expect that, although most increases in our costs for these products can largely be passed on to our customers over time, increased prices can result in negative effects on our sales and profitability and material increases in our working capital requirements. We expect that petroleum products markets will continue to be volatile during the next 12 months.

 

Summary of Travel Center Site Counts

 

The changes in the number of our sites (company operated, franchisee leased and operated or franchisee owned and operated) are significant factors that influenced the changes in our results of operations. The following table summarizes the changes in the composition of our business from December 31, 2006 through September 30, 2008:

 

						Franchisee
						Owned
		Company		Franchisee		and
		Operated		Operated		Operated		Total
Number of travel centers at December 31, 2006		140		10		13		163
January - September 2007 Activity:
Acquisition of franchised travel center		1		—		(1	)	—
Petro acquisition		45		—		24		69
New travel centers		2		—		1		3
Closed travel center		(1	)	—		—		(1	)
Number of travel centers at September 30, 2007		187		10		37		234
October - December 2007 Activity:
New travel centers		2		—		—		2
Number of travel centers at December 31, 2007		189		10		37		236
January – September 2008 Activity:
No activity		—		—		—		—
Number of travel centers at September 30, 2008		189		10		37		236

 

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