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UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INC - Quarter Report: 2022 September (Form 10-Q)


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
__________________________________________________________ 
Form 10-Q
__________________________________________________________ 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED September 30, 2022
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______ TO _______
Commission File Number: 1-10864
__________________________________________________________ 
unh-20220930_g1.jpg
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 __________________________________________________________ 
Delaware 41-1321939
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
UnitedHealth Group Center 55343
9900 Bren Road East
Minnetonka,
Minnesota
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(952) 936-1300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_________________________________________________________  
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par valueUNHNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes No 
As of October 31, 2022, there were 934,349,073 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, issued and outstanding.



UNITEDHEALTH GROUP
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PART I
ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)September 30,
2022
December 31,
2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$38,845 $21,375 
Short-term investments3,682 2,532 
Accounts receivable, net17,047 14,216 
Other current receivables, net13,684 13,866 
Assets under management4,022 4,449 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets5,657 5,320 
Total current assets82,937 61,758 
Long-term investments41,557 43,114 
Property, equipment and capitalized software, net
9,469 8,969 
Goodwill83,904 75,795 
Other intangible assets, net10,785 10,044 
Other assets14,412 12,526 
Total assets$243,064 $212,206 
Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity
Current liabilities:
Medical costs payable$29,064 $24,483 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities27,232 24,643 
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt3,229 3,620 
Unearned revenues12,847 2,571 
Other current liabilities28,563 22,975 
Total current liabilities100,935 78,292 
Long-term debt, less current maturities45,438 42,383 
Deferred income taxes1,659 3,265 
Other liabilities12,111 11,787 
Total liabilities160,143 135,727 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests4,857 1,434 
Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value - 10 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding
— — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value - 3,000 shares authorized; 935 and 941 issued and outstanding
10 10 
Retained earnings83,722 77,134 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(9,086)(5,384)
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
3,418 3,285 
Total equity78,064 75,045 
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity$243,064 $212,206 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)2022202120222021
Revenues:
Premiums$64,491 $56,967 $192,457 $168,686 
Products9,190 8,703 28,026 25,476 
Services6,700 6,164 19,717 18,181 
Investment and other income513 503 1,175 1,511 
Total revenues80,894 72,337 241,375 213,854 
Operating costs:
Medical costs52,635 47,302 157,251 138,752 
Operating costs11,663 10,725 34,773 31,307 
Cost of products sold8,306 7,802 25,389 23,034 
Depreciation and amortization828 796 2,418 2,332 
Total operating costs73,432 66,625 219,831 195,425 
Earnings from operations7,462 5,712 21,544 18,429 
Interest expense(516)(422)(1,416)(1,229)
Earnings before income taxes6,946 5,290 20,128 17,200 
Provision for income taxes(1,562)(1,099)(4,397)(3,659)
Net earnings5,384 4,191 15,731 13,541 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(122)(105)(372)(327)
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders$5,262 $4,086 $15,359 $13,214 
Earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders:
Basic$5.63 $4.33 $16.37 $14.00 
Diluted$5.55 $4.28 $16.15 $13.82 
Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding935 943 938 944 
Dilutive effect of common share equivalents13 12 13 12 
Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding948 955 951 956 
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of dilutive effect of common share equivalents
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)2022202120222021
Net earnings$5,384 $4,191 $15,731 $13,541 
Other comprehensive loss:
Gross unrealized losses on investment securities during the period(1,471)(192)(4,825)(705)
Income tax effect340 59 1,109 175 
Total unrealized losses, net of tax(1,131)(133)(3,716)(530)
Gross reclassification adjustment for net realized losses (gains) included in net earnings138 (20)134 (36)
Income tax effect(32)(31)
Total reclassification adjustment, net of tax
106 (16)103 (28)
Total foreign currency translation losses(331)(621)(89)(484)
Other comprehensive loss(1,356)(770)(3,702)(1,042)
Comprehensive income4,028 3,421 12,029 12,499 
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(122)(105)(372)(327)
Comprehensive income attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders
$3,906 $3,316 $11,657 $12,172 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
Nonredeemable Noncontrolling InterestsTotal
Equity
Three months ended September 30,
(in millions)
SharesAmountNet Unrealized (Losses) Gains on InvestmentsForeign Currency Translation Losses
Balance at June 30, 2022935 $10 $— $80,540 $(2,165)$(5,565)$3,385 $76,205 
Net earnings
5,262 99 5,361 
Other comprehensive loss(1,025)(331)(1,356)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
— 294 294 
Share-based compensation
163 163 
Common share repurchases(2)— (462)(538)(1,000)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($1.65 per share)
(1,542)(1,542)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
32 32 
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(98)(98)
Balance at September 30, 2022935 $10 $— $83,722 $(3,190)$(5,896)$3,418 $78,064 
Balance at June 30, 2021943 $10 $— $73,090 $927 $(5,013)$3,008 $72,022 
Net earnings
4,086 86 4,172 
Other comprehensive loss(149)(621)(770)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
— 291 291 
Share-based compensation
159 159 
Common share repurchases(2)— (365)(685)(1,050)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($1.45 per share)
(1,367)(1,367)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
(85)(85)
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests(26)(26)
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(87)(87)
Balance at September 30, 2021942 $10 $— $75,124 $778 $(5,634)$2,981 $73,259 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(Unaudited)
Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Nonredeemable Noncontrolling InterestsTotal
Equity
Nine months ended September 30,
(in millions)
SharesAmountNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on InvestmentsForeign Currency Translation Losses
Balance at January 1, 2022941 $10 $— $77,134 $423 $(5,807)$3,285 $75,045 
Net earnings
15,359 281 15,640 
Other comprehensive loss(3,613)(89)(3,702)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
— 801 801 
Share-based compensation
639 639 
Common share repurchases(12)— (1,679)(4,321)(6,000)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($4.75 per share)
(4,450)(4,450)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
239 239 
Acquisition and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
135 135 
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(283)(283)
Balance at September 30, 2022935 $10 $— $83,722 $(3,190)$(5,896)$3,418 $78,064 
Balance at January 1, 2021946 $10 $— $69,295 $1,336 $(5,150)$2,837 $68,328 
Net earnings
13,214 254 13,468 
Other comprehensive loss(558)(484)(1,042)
Issuances of common stock, and related tax effects
— 839 839 
Share-based compensation
559 559 
Common share repurchases(10)— (586)(3,364)(3,950)
Cash dividends paid on common shares ($4.15 per share)
(3,915)(3,915)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests fair value and other adjustments
(812)(106)(918)
Acquisitions and other adjustments of nonredeemable noncontrolling interests125 125 
Distribution to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
(235)(235)
Balance at September 30, 2021942 $10 $— $75,124 $778 $(5,634)$2,981 $73,259 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)20222021
Operating activities
Net earnings$15,731 $13,541 
Noncash items:
Depreciation and amortization2,418 2,332 
Deferred income taxes(590)373 
Share-based compensation675 591 
Other, net— (195)
Net change in other operating items, net of effects from acquisitions and changes in AARP balances:
Accounts receivable(2,563)(847)
Other assets(741)(1,435)
Medical costs payable4,192 3,925 
Accounts payable and other liabilities1,416 1,171 
Unearned revenues10,201 (331)
Cash flows from operating activities30,739 19,125 
Investing activities
Purchases of investments(14,183)(12,827)
Sales of investments5,376 2,569 
Maturities of investments4,740 6,556 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash assumed(7,154)(4,727)
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(1,936)(1,759)
Other, net50 (900)
Cash flows used for investing activities(13,107)(11,088)
Financing activities
Common share repurchases(6,000)(3,950)
Cash dividends paid(4,450)(3,915)
Proceeds from common stock issuances1,084 1,077 
Repayments of long-term debt(2,100)(1,900)
Repayments of short-term borrowings, net(16)(1,301)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt5,922 6,934 
Customer funds administered7,028 1,402 
Purchases of redeemable noncontrolling interests(176)(1,338)
Other, net(1,458)(837)
Cash flows used for financing activities(166)(3,828)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(45)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents17,470 4,164 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period21,375 16,921 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$38,845 $21,085 
See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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UnitedHealth Group
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1.    Basis of Presentation
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated (individually and together with its subsidiaries, “UnitedHealth Group” and the “Company”) is a health care and well-being company with a mission to help people live healthier lives and help make the health system work better for everyone. Our two distinct, yet complementary business platforms — Optum and UnitedHealthcare — are working to help build a modern, high-performing health system through improved access, affordability, outcomes and experiences for the individuals and organizations the Company is privileged to serve.
The Company has prepared the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and has included the accounts of UnitedHealth Group and its subsidiaries. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Company has omitted certain footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in its annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements. Therefore, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the SEC (2021 10-K). The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present the interim financial statements fairly.
Use of Estimates
These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include certain amounts based on the Company’s best estimates and judgments. The Company’s most significant estimates relate to estimates and judgments for medical costs payable and goodwill. Certain of these estimates require the application of complex assumptions and judgments, often because they involve matters that are inherently uncertain and will likely change in subsequent periods. The impact of any change in estimates is included in earnings in the period in which the estimate is adjusted.
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2.    Investments
A summary of debt securities by major security type is as follows:
(in millions)Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
September 30, 2022
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations$3,752 $— $(299)$3,453 
State and municipal obligations7,380 (621)6,761 
Corporate obligations22,533 (2,057)20,477 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities6,868 (875)5,994 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities3,164 — (295)2,869 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale43,697 (4,147)39,554 
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations538 — (16)522 
State and municipal obligations29 — (4)25 
Corporate obligations74 — — 74 
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity641 — (20)621 
Total debt securities$44,338 $$(4,167)$40,175 
December 31, 2021
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations$3,206 $23 $(31)$3,198 
State and municipal obligations6,829 297 (20)7,106 
Corporate obligations20,947 372 (145)21,174 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities5,868 88 (55)5,901 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,819 42 (23)2,838 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale39,669 822 (274)40,217 
Debt securities - held-to-maturity:
U.S. government and agency obligations511 (2)511 
State and municipal obligations30 — 32 
Corporate obligations100 — — 100 
Total debt securities - held-to-maturity641 (2)643 
Total debt securities$40,310 $826 $(276)$40,860 
The Company held $3.4 billion and $3.5 billion of equity securities as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s investments in equity securities primarily consist of employee savings plan related investments, other venture investments and shares of Brazilian real denominated fixed-income funds with readily determinable fair values. Additionally, the Company’s investments included $1.6 billion and $1.3 billion of equity method investments in operating businesses in the health care sector as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was not material.
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The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of September 30, 2022, by contractual maturity, were as follows:
Available-for-SaleHeld-to-Maturity
(in millions)Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Due in one year or less$3,840 $3,809 $330 $326 
Due after one year through five years12,565 11,755 257 246 
Due after five years through ten years12,172 10,608 34 32 
Due after ten years5,088 4,519 20 17 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities6,868 5,994 — — 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities3,164 2,869 — — 
Total debt securities$43,697 $39,554 $641 $621 
The fair value of available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position were as follows:
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or Greater Total
(in millions)Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2022
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations
$2,484 $(170)$866 $(129)$3,350 $(299)
State and municipal obligations5,811 (470)833 (151)6,644 (621)
Corporate obligations15,374 (1,292)4,364 (765)19,738 (2,057)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities4,201 (517)1,609 (358)5,810 (875)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
2,182 (172)670 (123)2,852 (295)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale$30,052 $(2,621)$8,342 $(1,526)$38,394 $(4,147)
December 31, 2021
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations
$1,976 $(18)$249 $(13)$2,225 $(31)
State and municipal obligations1,386 (19)31 (1)1,417 (20)
Corporate obligations9,357 (130)376 (15)9,733 (145)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities3,078 (52)116 (3)3,194 (55)
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities
1,321 (18)114 (5)1,435 (23)
Total debt securities - available-for-sale$17,118 $(237)$886 $(37)$18,004 $(274)
The Company’s unrealized losses from debt securities as of September 30, 2022 were generated from approximately 36,000 positions out of a total of 40,000 positions. The Company believes that it will collect the timely principal and interest due on its debt securities that have an amortized cost in excess of fair value. The unrealized losses were caused by interest rate increases and not by unfavorable changes in the credit quality associated with these securities that impacted the Company’s assessment on collectability of principal and interest. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates available-for-sale debt securities for any credit-related impairment when the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost. The Company evaluated the expected cash flows, the underlying credit quality and credit ratings of the issuers noting no significant credit deterioration since purchase. As of September 30, 2022, the Company did not have the intent to sell any of the available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position. Therefore, the Company believes these losses to be temporary. The allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was not material.
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3.    Fair Value
Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or have fair values disclosed in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. These assets and liabilities are classified into one of three levels of a hierarchy defined by GAAP.
For a description of the methods and assumptions that are used to estimate the fair value and determine the fair value hierarchy classification of each class of financial instrument, see Note 4 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the 2021 10-K.
The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in millions)Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Fair and Carrying
Value
September 30, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents$38,671 $174 $— $38,845 
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations3,302 151 — 3,453 
State and municipal obligations— 6,761 — 6,761 
Corporate obligations85 20,213 179 20,477 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities— 5,994 — 5,994 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities— 2,869 — 2,869 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale3,387 35,988 179 39,554 
Equity securities1,901 17 68 1,986 
Assets under management 1,727 2,207 88 4,022 
Total assets at fair value$45,686 $38,386 $335 $84,407 
Percentage of total assets at fair value54 %45 %%100 %
December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents$21,359 $16 $— $21,375 
Debt securities - available-for-sale:
U.S. government and agency obligations3,017 181 — 3,198 
State and municipal obligations— 7,106 — 7,106 
Corporate obligations40 20,916 218 21,174 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities— 5,901 — 5,901 
Non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities— 2,838 — 2,838 
Total debt securities - available-for-sale3,057 36,942 218 40,217 
Equity securities2,090 23 64 2,177 
Assets under management 1,972 2,376 101 4,449 
Total assets at fair value$28,478 $39,357 $383 $68,218 
Percentage of total assets at fair value42 %57 %%100 %
There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 financial assets or liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 or 2021.
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The following table presents a summary of fair value measurements by level and carrying values for certain financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in millions)Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Fair
Value
Total Carrying Value
September 30, 2022
Debt securities - held-to-maturity$534 $87 $— $621 $641 
Long-term debt and other financing obligations$— $43,705 $— $43,705 $48,667 
December 31, 2021
Debt securities - held-to-maturity$534 $102 $$643 $641 
Long-term debt and other financing obligations$— $52,583 $— $52,583 $46,003 
Nonfinancial assets and liabilities or financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances, such as when the Company records an impairment. There were no significant fair value adjustments for these assets and liabilities recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 or 2021.
4.    Medical Costs Payable
The following table shows the components of the change in medical costs payable for the nine months ended September 30:
(in millions)20222021
Medical costs payable, beginning of period$24,483 $21,872 
Acquisitions177 88 
Reported medical costs:
Current year157,601 140,052 
Prior years(350)(1,300)
Total reported medical costs157,251 138,752 
Medical payments:
Payments for current year
(130,788)(116,135)
Payments for prior years(22,059)(18,659)
Total medical payments(152,847)(134,794)
Medical costs payable, end of period$29,064 $25,918 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, prior years’ medical cost reserve development included no individual factors that were significant. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, prior years’ medical cost reserve development was primarily driven by lower than expected health system utilization and the uncertainty of care patterns due to the disruption of the health care system caused by COVID-19. Medical costs payable included reserves for claims incurred by insured customers but not yet reported to the Company of $20.0 billion and $17.1 billion at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
5.    Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt
In May 2022, the Company issued $6.0 billion of senior unsecured notes consisting of the following:
(in millions, except percentages)Par Value
3.700% notes due May 2027
$600 
4.000% notes due May 2029
900 
4.200% notes due May 2032
1,500 
4.750% notes due May 2052
2,000 
4.950% notes due May 2062
1,000 

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In October 2022, the Company issued $9.0 billion of senior unsecured notes consisting of the following:
(in millions, except percentages)Par Value
5.000% notes due October 2024
$500 
5.150% notes due October 2025
750 
5.250% notes due February 2028
1,000 
5.300% notes due February 2030
1,250 
5.350% notes due February 2033
2,000 
5.875% notes due February 2053
2,000 
6.050% notes due February 2063
1,500 
For more information on the Company’s short-term borrowings, debt covenants and long-term debt, see Note 8 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the 2021 10-K.
6.    Dividends
In June 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual rate of $6.60 compared to $5.80 per share, which the Company had paid since June 2021. Declaration and payment of future quarterly dividends is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and may be adjusted as business needs or market conditions change.
The following table provides details of the Company’s 2022 dividend payments:
Payment DateAmount per ShareTotal Amount Paid
(in millions)
March 22$1.45 $1,363 
June 281.65 1,545 
September 201.65 1,542 
7.    Commitments and Contingencies
Pending Business Combinations
As of September 30, 2022, the Company has entered into agreements to acquire companies in the health care sector, most notably Change Healthcare (NASDAQ: CHNG) and LHC Group, Inc (NASDAQ: LHCG), subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions. As of that date, the total anticipated capital required for these business combinations, excluding associated disposition proceeds and the payoff of acquired indebtedness, was approximately $14 billion. The Company completed the acquisition of Change Healthcare on October 3, 2022.
Legal Matters
Because of the nature of its businesses, the Company is frequently made party to a variety of legal actions and regulatory inquiries, including class actions and suits brought by members, care providers, consumer advocacy organizations, customers and regulators, relating to the Company’s businesses, including management and administration of health benefit plans and other services. These matters include medical malpractice, employment, intellectual property, antitrust, privacy and contract claims and claims related to health care benefits coverage and other business practices.
The Company records liabilities for its estimates of probable costs resulting from these matters where appropriate. Estimates of costs resulting from legal and regulatory matters involving the Company are inherently difficult to predict, particularly where the matters: involve indeterminate claims for monetary damages or may involve fines, penalties or punitive damages; present novel legal theories or represent a shift in regulatory policy; involve a large number of claimants or regulatory bodies; are in the early stages of the proceedings; or could result in a change in business practices. Accordingly, the Company is often unable to estimate the losses or ranges of losses for those matters where there is a reasonable possibility or it is probable that a loss may be incurred.
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Government Investigations, Audits and Reviews
The Company has been involved or is currently involved in various governmental investigations, audits and reviews. These include routine, regular and special investigations, audits and reviews by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), state insurance and health and welfare departments, state attorneys general, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of Personnel Management, the Office for Civil Rights, the Government Accountability Office, the Federal Trade Commission, U.S. Congressional committees, the Department of Justice (DOJ), the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, the U.S. Department of Labor, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the Defense Contract Audit Agency and other governmental authorities. Similarly, our international businesses are also subject to investigations, audits and reviews by applicable foreign governments, including South American and other non-U.S. governmental authorities. Certain of the Company’s businesses have been reviewed or are currently under review, including for, among other matters, compliance with coding and other requirements under the Medicare risk-adjustment model. CMS has selected certain of the Company’s local plans for risk adjustment data validation (RADV) audits to validate the coding practices of and supporting documentation maintained by health care providers and such audits may result in retrospective adjustments to payments made to the Company’s health plans.
On February 14, 2017, the DOJ announced its decision to pursue certain claims within a lawsuit initially asserted against the Company and filed under seal by a whistleblower in 2011. The whistleblower’s complaint, which was unsealed on February 15, 2017, alleges that the Company made improper Medicare risk adjustment submissions and violated the False Claims Act. On February 12, 2018, the court granted in part and denied in part the Company’s motion to dismiss. In May 2018, the DOJ moved to dismiss the Company’s counterclaims, which were filed in March 2018, and moved for partial summary judgment. In March 2019, the court denied the government’s motion for partial summary judgment and dismissed the Company’s counterclaims without prejudice. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome that may result from this matter given its procedural status.
8.    Business Combinations
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed several business combinations for total consideration of $8.2 billion.
Acquired assets (liabilities) at acquisition date were:
(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$517 
Accounts receivable and other current assets550 
Property, equipment and other long-term assets1,529 
Other intangible assets1,815 
Total identifiable assets acquired4,411 
Medical costs payable(177)
Accounts payable and other current liabilities(660)
Other long-term liabilities(580)
Total identifiable liabilities acquired(1,417)
Total net identifiable assets2,994 
Goodwill8,393 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests(3,104)
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests(133)
Net assets acquired$8,150 
The majority of goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The preliminary purchase price allocations for the various business combinations are subject to adjustment as valuation analyses, primarily related to intangible assets and contingent liabilities, are finalized.
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The acquisition date fair values and weighted-average useful lives assigned to finite-lived intangible assets were:
(in millions, except years)Fair ValueWeighted-Average Useful Life
Customer-related$915 9 years
Trademarks and technology802 9 years
Other83 11 years
Total acquired finite-lived intangible assets$1,800 9 years
The results of operations and financial condition of acquired entities have been included in the Company’s consolidated results and the results of the corresponding operating segment as of the date of acquisition. Through September 30, 2022, acquired entities impact on revenues and net earnings was not material.
Unaudited pro forma revenues and net earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 as if the business combinations had occurred on January 1, 2021 were immaterial for both periods.
9.    Segment Financial Information
The Company’s four reportable segments are UnitedHealthcare, Optum Health, Optum Insight and Optum Rx. For more information on the Company’s segments, see Part I, Item I, “Business” and Note 13 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in the 2021 10-K. Total assets at Optum Health and Optum Rx increased to $67.8 billion and $47.2 billion as of September 30, 2022 compared to $60.5 billion and $40.2 billion as of December 31, 2021, respectively. The increase in total assets at Optum Health and Optum Rx was primarily due to goodwill from business combinations of $4.5 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively.
On January 1, 2022, the Company realigned its operating segments to combine UnitedHealthcare Global and UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual. The realignment had no impact on the Company’s reportable segments.
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The following tables present reportable segment financial information:
  Optum  
(in millions)UnitedHealthcareOptum HealthOptum InsightOptum RxOptum EliminationsOptumCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$59,375 $5,116 $— $— $— $5,116 $— $64,491 
Products— 37 9,151 — 9,190 — 9,190 
Services2,435 2,756 1,067 442 — 4,265 — 6,700 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
61,810 7,874 1,104 9,593 — 18,571 — 80,381 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
— 10,302 2,566 15,592 (800)27,660 (27,660)— 
Investment and other income
185 287 23 18 — 328 — 513 
Total revenues$61,995 $18,463 $3,693 $25,203 $(800)$46,559 $(27,660)$80,894 
Earnings from operations$3,799 $1,575 $1,007 $1,081 $— $3,663 $— $7,462 
Interest expense— — — — — — (516)(516)
Earnings before income taxes
$3,799 $1,575 $1,007 $1,081 $— $3,663 $(516)$6,946 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$53,345 $3,622 $— $— $— $3,622 $— $56,967 
Products— 37 8,658 — 8,703 — 8,703 
Services2,407 2,515 970 272 — 3,757 — 6,164 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
55,752 6,145 1,007 8,930 — 16,082 — 71,834 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
— 7,441 2,037 14,400 (503)23,375 (23,375)— 
Investment and other income
175 226 95 — 328 — 503 
Total revenues$55,927 $13,812 $3,139 $23,337 $(503)$39,785 $(23,375)$72,337 
Earnings from operations$2,651 $1,143 $906 $1,012 $— $3,061 $— $5,712 
Interest expense— — — — — — (422)(422)
Earnings before income taxes
$2,651 $1,143 $906 $1,012 $— $3,061 $(422)$5,290 
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  Optum  
(in millions)UnitedHealthcareOptum HealthOptum InsightOptum RxOptum EliminationsOptumCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$178,680 $13,777 $— $— $— $13,777 $— $192,457 
Products— 14 135 27,877 — 28,026 — 28,026 
Services7,492 8,054 3,075 1,096 — 12,225 — 19,717 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
186,172 21,845 3,210 28,973 — 54,028 — 240,200 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
— 30,355 6,885 44,921 (1,941)80,220 (80,220)— 
Investment and other income
523 528 99 25 — 652 — 1,175 
Total revenues$186,695 $52,728 $10,194 $73,919 $(1,941)$134,900 $(80,220)$241,375 
Earnings from operations$11,447 $4,340 $2,693 $3,064 $— $10,097 $— $21,544 
Interest expense— — — — — — (1,416)(1,416)
Earnings before income taxes
$11,447 $4,340 $2,693 $3,064 $— $10,097 $(1,416)$20,128 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$158,761 $9,925 $— $— $— $9,925 $— $168,686 
Products— 25 107 25,344 — 25,476 — 25,476 
Services7,197 7,312 2,861 811 — 10,984 — 18,181 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers
165,958 17,262 2,968 26,155 — 46,385 — 212,343 
Total revenues - affiliated customers
— 21,614 5,779 41,196 (1,456)67,133 (67,133)— 
Investment and other income
557 639 201 114 — 954 — 1,511 
Total revenues$166,515 $39,515 $8,948 $67,465 $(1,456)$114,472 $(67,133)$213,854 
Earnings from operations$9,854 $3,233 $2,447 $2,895 $— $8,575 $— $18,429 
Interest expense— — — — — — (1,229)(1,229)
Earnings before income taxes
$9,854 $3,233 $2,447 $2,895 $— $8,575 $(1,229)$17,200 
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ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read together with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes and with our 2021 10-K, including the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in that report. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to the terms “UnitedHealth Group,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” used throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to UnitedHealth Group Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Readers are cautioned that the statements, estimates, projections or outlook contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, including discussions regarding financial prospects, economic conditions, trends and uncertainties contained in this Item 2, may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA). These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements. A description of some of the risks and uncertainties is set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 2021 10-K and in the discussion below.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
General
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated is a health care and well-being company with a mission to help people live healthier lives and help make the health system work better for everyone. Our two distinct, yet complementary business platforms — Optum and UnitedHealthcare — are working to help build a modern, high-performing health system through improved access, affordability, outcomes and experiences for the individuals and organizations we are privileged to serve.
We have four reportable segments across our two business platforms, Optum and UnitedHealthcare:
Optum Health;
Optum Insight;
Optum Rx; and
UnitedHealthcare, which includes UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual, UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement and UnitedHealthcare Community & State.
Further information on our business is presented in Part I, Item 1, “Business” and Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2021 10-K and additional information on our segments, including the realignment of our UnitedHealthcare operating segments to combine UnitedHealthcare Global and UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual, can be found in this Item 2 and in Note 9 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Business Trends
Our businesses participate in the United States, South America and certain other international health markets. Overall spending on health care is impacted by inflation, utilization, medical technology and pharmaceutical advancement, regulatory requirements, demographic trends in the population and national interest in health and well-being. The rate of market growth may be affected by a variety of factors, including macroeconomic conditions and regulatory changes, which could impact our results of operations, including our continued efforts to control health care costs.
Pricing Trends. To price our health care benefit products, we start with our view of expected future costs, including inflation and labor market dynamics. We frequently evaluate and adjust our approach in each of the local markets we serve, considering all relevant factors, such as product positioning, price competitiveness and environmental, competitive, legislative and regulatory considerations, including minimum medical loss ratio (MLR) thresholds and similar revenue adjustments. We will continue seeking to balance growth and profitability across all these dimensions.
The commercial risk market remains highly competitive in the small group, large group and individual segments. We expect broad-based competition to continue as the industry adapts to individual and employer needs.
Government programs in the community and senior sector tend to receive lower rates of increase than the commercial market due to governmental budget pressures and lower cost trends.
Medical Cost Trends. Our medical cost trends primarily relate to changes in unit costs, health system utilization and prescription drug costs. COVID-19 related care and testing costs as well as the deferral of care have also impacted medical cost trends in the current year and may continue in future years. We endeavor to mitigate those increases by engaging physicians
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and consumers with information and helping them make clinically sound choices, with the objective of helping them achieve high-quality, affordable care.
COVID-19 Trends and Uncertainties
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, overall care was near normal baseline levels, with certain areas of care at or approaching seasonal baselines, and other areas below. Future care patterns and acuity may temporarily rise due to missed regular care. Future developments, such as the severity of new COVID-19 variants, could introduce new uncertainties to care patterns and our business.
SELECTED OPERATING PERFORMANCE AND OTHER SIGNIFICANT ITEMS
The following summarizes select third quarter 2022 year-over-year operating comparisons to third quarter 2021 and other financial results.
Consolidated revenues grew 12%, UnitedHealthcare revenues grew 11% and Optum revenues grew 17%.
UnitedHealthcare served 910,000 more people, led by growth in community and senior programs.
Consolidated earnings from operations of $7.5 billion compared to $5.7 billion last year, included growth of 43% at UnitedHealthcare and 20% at Optum.
Diluted earnings per common share were $5.55.
Cash flows from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $30.7 billion.
Return on equity was 28.5%.
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RESULTS SUMMARY
The following table summarizes our consolidated results of operations and other financial information:
(in millions, except percentages and per share data)Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)
202220212022 vs. 2021202220212022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums$64,491 $56,967 $7,524 13 %$192,457 $168,686 $23,771 14 %
Products9,190 8,703 487 28,026 25,476 2,550 10 
Services6,700 6,164 536 19,717 18,181 1,536 
Investment and other income513 503 10 1,175 1,511 (336)(22)
Total revenues80,894 72,337 8,557 12 241,375 213,854 27,521 13 
Operating costs:
Medical costs52,635 47,302 5,333 11 157,251 138,752 18,499 13 
Operating costs11,663 10,725 938 34,773 31,307 3,466 11 
Cost of products sold8,306 7,802 504 25,389 23,034 2,355 10 
Depreciation and amortization828 796 32 2,418 2,332 86 
Total operating costs73,432 66,625 6,807 10 219,831 195,425 24,406 12 
Earnings from operations7,462 5,712 1,750 31 21,544 18,429 3,115 17 
Interest expense(516)(422)(94)22 (1,416)(1,229)(187)15 
Earnings before income taxes6,946 5,290 1,656 31 20,128 17,200 2,928 17 
Provision for income taxes(1,562)(1,099)(463)42 (4,397)(3,659)(738)20 
Net earnings5,384 4,191 1,193 28 15,731 13,541 2,190 16 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(122)(105)(17)16 (372)(327)(45)14 
Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders$5,262 $4,086 $1,176 29 %$15,359 $13,214 $2,145 16 %
Diluted earnings per share attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders $5.55 $4.28 $1.27 30 %$16.15 $13.82 $2.33 17 %
Medical care ratio (a)81.6 %83.0 %(1.4)%81.7 %82.3 %(0.6)%
Operating cost ratio14.4 14.8 (0.4)14.4 14.6 (0.2)
Operating margin9.2 7.9 1.3 8.9 8.6 0.3 
Tax rate22.5 20.8 1.7 21.8 21.3 0.5 
Net earnings margin (b)6.5 5.6 0.9 6.4 6.2 0.2 
Return on equity (c)28.5 %23.5 %5.0 %28.1 %26.0 %2.1 %
(a)Medical care ratio (MCR) is calculated as medical costs divided by premium revenue.
(b)Net earnings margin attributable to UnitedHealth Group shareholders.
(c)Return on equity is calculated as annualized net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders divided by average shareholders’ equity. Average shareholders’ equity is calculated using the shareholders’ equity balance at the end of the preceding year and the shareholders’ equity balances at the end of each of the quarters in the year presented.
2022 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COMPARED TO 2021 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Financial Results
Revenues
The increases in revenues were primarily driven by growth in the number of people served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid, pricing trends and growth across the Optum businesses.
Medical Costs and MCR
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, medical costs increased due to growth in people served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid. The MCR decreased due to COVID-19 effects, partially offset by business mix. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the decreases to the MCR were also partially offset by decreased prior years favorable development, primarily due to the effects of COVID-19 in 2021.
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Operating Cost Ratio
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the operating cost ratio decreased primarily due to productivity gains, offset by business mix and investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the operating cost ratio also decreased due to COVID-19 related revenue effects.
Reportable Segments
See Note 9 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for more information on our segments. We utilize various metrics to evaluate and manage our reportable segments, including people served by UnitedHealthcare by major market segment and funding arrangement, people served by Optum Health and adjusted scripts for Optum Rx. These metrics are the main drivers of revenue, earnings and cash flows at each business. The metrics also allow management and investors to evaluate and understand business mix, including the mix of care delivered through value-based care models at Optum Health, level and scope of services provided to people and pricing trends when comparing the metrics to revenue by segment.
The following table presents a summary of the reportable segment financial information:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)202220212022 vs. 2021202220212022 vs. 2021
Revenues
UnitedHealthcare$61,995 $55,927 $6,068 11 %$186,695 $166,515 $20,180 12 %
Optum Health18,463 13,812 4,651 34 52,728 39,515 13,213 33 
Optum Insight3,693 3,139 554 18 10,194 8,948 1,246 14 
Optum Rx25,203 23,337 1,866 73,919 67,465 6,454 10 
Optum eliminations(800)(503)(297)59 (1,941)(1,456)(485)33 
Optum46,559 39,785 6,774 17 134,900 114,472 20,428 18 
Eliminations(27,660)(23,375)(4,285)18 (80,220)(67,133)(13,087)19 
Consolidated revenues$80,894 $72,337 $8,557 12 %$241,375 $213,854 $27,521 13 %
Earnings from operations
UnitedHealthcare$3,799 $2,651 $1,148 43 %$11,447 $9,854 $1,593 16 %
Optum Health1,575 1,143 432 38 4,340 3,233 1,107 34 
Optum Insight1,007 906 101 11 2,693 2,447 246 10 
Optum Rx1,081 1,012 69 3,064 2,895 169 
Optum3,663 3,061 602 20 10,097 8,575 1,522 18 
Consolidated earnings from operations$7,462 $5,712 $1,750 31 %$21,544 $18,429 $3,115 17 %
Operating margin
UnitedHealthcare6.1 %4.7 %1.4 %6.1 %5.9 %0.2 %
Optum Health8.5 8.3 0.2 8.2 8.2 — 
Optum Insight27.3 28.9 (1.6)26.4 27.3 (0.9)
Optum Rx4.3 4.3 — 4.1 4.3 (0.2)
Optum7.9 7.7 0.2 7.5 7.5 — 
Consolidated operating margin9.2 %7.9 %1.3 %8.9 %8.6 %0.3 %
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UnitedHealthcare
The following table summarizes UnitedHealthcare revenues by business:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)Nine Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions, except percentages)202220212022 vs. 2021202220212022 vs. 2021
UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual - Domestic$15,929 $15,094 $835 %$47,318 $44,668 $2,650 %
UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual - Global (a)2,120 2,139 (19)(1)6,500 6,292 208 
UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual - Total (a)18,049 17,233 816 53,818 50,960 2,858 
UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement27,895 24,931 2,964 12 85,620 75,709 9,911 13 
UnitedHealthcare Community & State16,051 13,763 2,288 17 47,257 39,846 7,411 19 
Total UnitedHealthcare revenues$61,995 $55,927 $6,068 11 %$186,695 $166,515 $20,180 12 %
(a)    On January 1, 2022, we realigned our operating segments to combine UnitedHealthcare Global and UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual.
The following table summarizes the number of people served by our UnitedHealthcare businesses, by major market segment and funding arrangement:
September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in thousands, except percentages)202220212022 vs. 2021
Commercial - domestic:
Risk-based8,055 7,960 95 %
Fee-based18,500 18,595 (95)(1)
Total commercial - domestic26,555 26,555 — — 
Medicare Advantage7,035 6,455 580 
Medicaid8,005 7,510 495 
Medicare Supplement (Standardized)4,370 4,405 (35)(1)
Total community and senior19,410 18,370 1,040 
Total UnitedHealthcare - domestic medical45,965 44,925 1,040 
Commercial - global5,360 5,490 (130)(2)
Total UnitedHealthcare - medical51,325 50,415 910 %
Supplemental Data:
Medicare Part D stand-alone3,310 3,725 (415)(11)%
Medicare Advantage increased due to growth in people served through individual and group Medicare Advantage plans. The increase in people served through Medicaid was primarily driven by states continuing to ease redetermination requirements due to COVID-19 and growth in people served through Dual Special Needs Plans.
UnitedHealthcare’s revenues increased due to growth in the number of individuals served through Medicare Advantage and Medicaid, including a greater mix of people with higher acuity needs. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, earnings from operations increased due to growth in people served and COVID-19 effects. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, earnings from operations increased due to growth in people served and COVID-19 effects, partially offset by decreased prior years favorable development, primarily due to the effects of COVID-19 in 2021.
Optum
Total revenues and earnings from operations increased due to growth across the Optum businesses. The results by segment were as follows:
Optum Health
Revenues at Optum Health increased primarily due to organic growth in value-based care arrangements and business combinations. Earnings from operations increased due to organic growth in the number of people served under value-based care arrangements, cost management initiatives, asset dispositions and COVID-19 effects. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, increases in earnings from operations were partially offset by care activity levels at fee-for-service practices. Optum Health served approximately 101 million people as of September 30, 2022 compared to 99 million people as of September 30, 2021.
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Optum Insight
Revenues and earnings from operations at Optum Insight increased due to growth in technology and managed services, with managed services growth driven by higher payer volumes and new health system partnerships.
Optum Rx
Revenues and earnings from operations at Optum Rx increased due to higher script volumes from growth in people served, increased utilization and organic growth in pharmacy care services, including community-behavioral and specialty pharmacy. Earnings from operations also increased as a result of continued supply chain management initiatives. Optum Rx fulfilled 359 million and 344 million adjusted scripts in the third quarters of 2022 and 2021, respectively.
LIQUIDITY, FINANCIAL CONDITION AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
Summary of our Major Sources and Uses of Cash and Cash Equivalents
 Nine Months Ended September 30,Increase/(Decrease)
(in millions)202220212022 vs. 2021
Sources of cash:
Cash provided by operating activities$30,739 $19,125 $11,614 
Issuances of short-term borrowings and long-term debt, net of repayments3,806 3,733 73 
Proceeds from common stock issuances1,084 1,077 
Customer funds administered7,028 1,402 5,626 
Other50 — 50 
Total sources of cash42,707 25,337 
Uses of cash:
Common stock repurchases(6,000)(3,950)(2,050)
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash assumed(7,154)(4,727)(2,427)
Purchases of investments, net of sales and maturities (4,067)(3,702)(365)
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(1,936)(1,759)(177)
Cash dividends paid(4,450)(3,915)(535)
Purchases of redeemable noncontrolling interests(176)(1,338)1,162 
Other(1,458)(1,737)279 
Total uses of cash(25,241)(21,128)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(45)49 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$17,470 $4,164 $13,306 
2022 Cash Flows Compared to 2021 Cash Flows
Increased cash flows provided by operating activities were primarily driven by an increase in unearned revenue due to the September receipt of our October CMS premium payment of $9.8 billion and increased net earnings. Other significant changes in sources or uses of cash year-over-year included increased customer funds administered, primarily driven by Medicare Part D timing, and decreased purchases of redeemable noncontrolling interests, partially offset by increased cash paid for acquisitions and common stock repurchases.
Financial Condition
As of September 30, 2022, our cash, cash equivalent, available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities balances of $81.8 billion included approximately $38.8 billion of cash and cash equivalents (of which $3.7 billion was available for general corporate use), $39.6 billion of debt securities and $3.4 billion of investments in equity securities. Given the significant portion of our portfolio held in cash and cash equivalents, we do not anticipate fluctuations in the aggregate fair value of our financial assets to have a material impact on our liquidity or capital position. Our available-for-sale debt securities portfolio had a weighted-average duration of 4.1 years and a weighted-average credit rating of “Double A” as of September 30, 2022. When multiple credit ratings are available for an individual security, the average of the available ratings is used to determine the weighted-average credit rating.
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Capital Resources and Uses of Liquidity
In addition to cash flows from operations and cash and cash equivalent balances available for general corporate use, our capital resources and uses of liquidity are as follows:
Cash Requirements. A summary of our cash requirements as of December 31, 2021 was disclosed in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2021 10-K. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, there were no material changes to this previously disclosed information outside the ordinary course of business. We believe our capital resources are sufficient to meet future, short-term and long-term, liquidity needs. We continually evaluate opportunities to expand our operations, including through internal development of new products, programs and technology applications and business combinations.
Short-Term Borrowings. Our revolving bank credit facilities provide liquidity support for our commercial paper borrowing program, which facilitates the private placement of unsecured debt through independent broker-dealers, and are available for general corporate purposes. For more information on our commercial paper and bank credit facilities, see Note 8 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our 2021 10-K.
Our revolving bank credit facilities contain various covenants, including covenants requiring us to maintain a defined debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio of not more than 60%. As of September 30, 2022, our debt to debt-plus-shareholders’ equity ratio, as defined and calculated under the credit facilities, was approximately 35%.
Long-Term Debt. Periodically, we access capital markets and issue long-term debt for general corporate purposes, such as, to meet our working capital requirements, to refinance debt, to finance acquisitions or for share repurchases. For more information on our long-term debt, see Note 5 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report and Note 8 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our 2021 10-K.
Credit Ratings. Our credit ratings as of September 30, 2022 were as follows:
  
Moody’sS&P GlobalFitchA.M. Best
 RatingsOutlookRatingsOutlookRatingsOutlookRatingsOutlook
Senior unsecured debtA3PositiveA+StableAStableAStable
Commercial paperP-2n/aA-1n/aF1n/aAMB-1+n/a
The availability of financing in the form of debt or equity is influenced by many factors, including our profitability, operating cash flows, debt levels, credit ratings, debt covenants and other contractual restrictions, regulatory requirements and economic and market conditions. A significant downgrade in our credit ratings or adverse conditions in the capital markets may increase the cost of borrowing for us or limit our access to capital.
Share Repurchase Program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we repurchased approximately 12 million shares at an average price of $497.41 per share. As of September 30, 2022, we had Board of Directors’ authorization to purchase up to 33 million shares of our common stock.
Dividends. In June 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors increased our quarterly cash dividend to shareholders to an annual rate of $6.60 compared to $5.80 per share. For more information on our dividend, see Note 6 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Pending Business Combinations. As of September 30, 2022, we have entered into agreements to acquire companies in the health care sector, most notably Change Healthcare (NASDAQ: CHNG) and LHC Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: LHCG), subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions. As of that date, the total anticipated capital required for these business combinations, excluding associated disposition proceeds and the payoff of acquired indebtedness, was approximately $14 billion. The Company completed the acquisition of Change Healthcare on October 3, 2022.
For additional liquidity discussion, see Note 10 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7 in our 2021 10-K.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
There are no recently issued accounting standards that are expected to have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to make judgments, assumptions and estimates, which we believe are reasonable and prudent based on the available facts and circumstances. These judgments, assumptions and estimates affect certain of our revenues and expenses and their related balance sheet accounts and disclosure of our contingent liabilities. We base our assumptions and estimates primarily on historical experience and consider known and projected trends. On an ongoing basis, we re-evaluate our selection of assumptions and the method of calculating our estimates. Actual results, however, may materially differ from our calculated estimates, and this difference would be reported in our current operations.
Our critical accounting estimates include medical costs payable and goodwill. For a detailed description of our critical accounting estimates, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7 in our 2021 10-K. For a detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our 2021 10-K.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements, estimates, projections, guidance or outlook contained in this document include “forward-looking” statements which are intended to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the federal securities law. The words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “plan,” “project,” “should” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These statements may contain information about financial prospects, economic conditions and trends and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those that management expects, depending on the outcome of certain factors including: risks associated with public health crises, large-scale medical emergencies and pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic; our ability to effectively estimate, price for and manage medical costs; new or changes in existing health care laws or regulations, or their enforcement or application; the DOJ’s legal action relating to the risk adjustment submission matter; our ability to maintain and achieve improvement in quality scores impacting revenue; reductions in revenue or delays to cash flows received under government programs; changes in Medicare, the CMS star ratings program or the application of risk adjustment data validation audits; failure to maintain effective and efficient information systems or if our technology products do not operate as intended; cyberattacks, other privacy/data security incidents, or our failure to comply with related regulations; failure to protect proprietary rights to our databases, software and related products; risks and uncertainties associated with our businesses providing pharmacy care services; competitive pressures, including our ability to develop and deliver innovative products to health care payers and expand access to virtual care; changes in or challenges to our public sector contract awards; failure to develop and maintain satisfactory relationships with health care payers, physicians, hospitals and other service providers; failure to attract, develop, retain, and manage the succession of key employees and executives; the impact of potential changes in tax laws and regulations (including any increase in the U.S. income tax rate applicable to corporations); failure to achieve targeted operating cost productivity improvements; increases in costs and other liabilities associated with litigation, government investigations, audits or reviews; failure to manage successfully our strategic alliances or complete or receive anticipated benefits of strategic transactions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; downgrades in our credit ratings; our investment portfolio performance; impairment of our goodwill and intangible assets; and our ability to obtain sufficient funds from our regulated subsidiaries or from external financings to fund our obligations, maintain our debt to total capital ratio at targeted levels, maintain our quarterly dividend payment cycle, or continue repurchasing shares of our common stock. This above list is not exhaustive. We discuss these matters, and certain risks that may affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations, more fully in our filings with the SEC, including our reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K. By their nature, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict or quantify. Actual results may vary materially from expectations expressed or implied in this document or any of our prior communications. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update or revise any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We manage exposure to market interest rates by diversifying investments across different fixed-income market sectors and debt across maturities, as well as by matching a portion of our floating-rate assets and liabilities, either directly or through the use of interest rate swap contracts. Unrealized gains and losses on investments in available-for-sale debt securities are reported in comprehensive income.
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The following table summarizes the impact of hypothetical changes in market interest rates across the entire yield curve by 1% point or 2% points as of September 30, 2022 on our investment income and interest expense per annum, and the fair value of our investments and debt (in millions, except percentages):
September 30, 2022
Increase (Decrease) in Market Interest RateInvestment
Income Per
Annum
Interest
Expense Per
Annum
Fair Value of
Financial Assets
Fair Value of
Financial Liabilities
2 %$845 $186 $(3,027)$(6,014)
1422 93 (1,563)(3,261)
(1)(422)(93)1,656 3,894 
(2)(845)(186)3,391 8,586 
ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
In connection with the filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, management evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2022. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2022.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
A description of our legal proceedings is included in and incorporated by reference to Note 7 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our 2021 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our 2021 10-K are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results.
There have been no material changes to the risk factors as disclosed in our 2021 10-K.
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ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (a)
Third Quarter 2022
For the Month EndedTotal Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid Per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or ProgramsMaximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under The Plans or Programs
(in millions)(in millions)(in millions)
July 31, 20220.6 $517.91 0.6 34.3
August 31, 20220.7 539.26 0.7 33.6
September 30, 20220.6 518.97 0.6 33.0
Total1.9 $525.74 1.9 
(a)    In November 1997, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase program, which the Board of Directors evaluates periodically. In June 2018, the Board of Directors renewed our share repurchase program with an authorization to repurchase up to 100 million shares of our common stock in open market purchases or other types of transactions (including prepaid or structured repurchase programs). There is no established expiration date for the program.
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ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS*
The following exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference herein in response to Item 601 of Regulation S-K. The Company files Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 under Commission File No. 1-10864.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and embedded within Exhibit 101).
 ________________
*Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt are not filed. The Company will furnish copies thereof to the SEC upon request.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INCORPORATED
 
/s/ ANDREW P. WITTY
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)
Dated:November 2, 2022
Andrew P. Witty  
/s/ JOHN F. REX
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)
Dated:November 2, 2022
John F. Rex  
/s/ THOMAS E. ROOS
Senior Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(principal accounting officer)
Dated:November 2, 2022
Thomas E. Roos  
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