VIVEVE MEDICAL, INC. - Quarter Report: 2012 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012.

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 1-11388

PLC SYSTEMS INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Yukon Territory, Canada		04-3153858
(State or Other Jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
Incorporation or Organization)

459 Fortune Boulevard, Milford, Massachusetts		01757
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (508) 541-8800

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes o No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class		Outstanding at May 11, 2012
Common Stock, no par value		30,976,092

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PLC SYSTEMS INC.

Index

Part I.	Financial Information:

	Item 1.	Financial Statements

		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)	3

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)	4

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (unaudited)	5

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)	6

		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	7

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19

	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	27

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

Part II.	Other Information:

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28

	Item 6.	Exhibits	28

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Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

PLC SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	March 31, 2012			December 31, 2011
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,601		$	2,585
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $2 and $2 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively	308			453
Inventories	219			238
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	344			233
Total current assets	2,472			3,509
Equipment, furniture and leasehold improvements, net	76			36
Other assets	4			4
Total assets	$	2,552		$	3,549

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	130		$	149
Accrued compensation	49			63
Accrued other	252			221
Deferred revenue	285			277
Total current liabilities	716			710
Convertible notes	8,500			5,327
Warrant liabilities	4,000			1,600
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ deficit:
Common stock, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 30,976 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2012 and 30,351 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2011	93,893			93,893
Additional paid in capital	1,217			996
Accumulated deficit	(105,505		)	(98,727		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(269		)	(250		)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(10,664		)	(4,088		)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	2,552		$	3,549

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLC SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended Mach 31,
	2012			2011

Revenues	$	20		$	57
Cost of revenues	13			140
Gross profit (loss)	7			(83		)
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	661			593
Research and development	515			73
Total operating expenses	1,176			666
Loss from continuing operations	(1,169		)	(749		)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(116		)	(46		)
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	13			—
Financing costs associated with convertible notes	—			(530		)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(2,400		)	(1,476		)
Change in fair value of convertible notes	(3,107		)	(2,218		)
Total other expense	(5,610		)	(4,270		)
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes	(6,779		)	(5,019		)
Benefit for income taxes from continuing operations	—			492
Net loss from continuing operations, net of income taxes	(6,779		)	(4,527		)
Discontinued operations:
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			53
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of provision for income taxes of $492	—			687
Net income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			740
Net loss	(6,779		)	(3,787		)
Net loss per weighted average share, basic and diluted:
From loss on continuing operations attributable to common stockholders	$	(0.22	)	$	(0.16	)
From income on discontinued operations	—			0.00
From gain on sale of discontinued operations	—			0.04
Net loss attributable to common stockholders per weighted average share, basic and diluted	$	(0.22	)	$	(0.12	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	30,357			30,351

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLC SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2012			2011
Net loss	$	(6,779	)	$	(3,787	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(19		)	15
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(19		)	15
Comprehensive loss	$	(6,798	)	$	(3,772	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLC SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2012			2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(6,779	)	$	(3,787	)
Income from discontinued operations	—			(53		)
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes	—			(687		)
Depreciation and amortization	8			2
Stock-based compensation expense	222			30
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	3,107			1,476
Change in fair value of convertible notes	2,400			2,218
Financing costs associated with convertible notes	—			530
Non-cash interest expense	66			25
Deferred income taxes	—			(492		)
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	154			—
Inventory	(30		)	(17		)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(108		)	8
Accounts payable	(19		)	(116		)
Deferred revenue	—			—
Accrued liabilities	30			(52		)
Net cash flows used in operating activities	(949		)	(915		)
Cash flows used for investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	—			—
Net cash used for investing activities	—			—
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes and warrants	—			3,605
Net cash provided by financing activities	—			3,605
Discontinued operations:
Net cash provided by operating activities	—			228
Net cash provided by investing activities	—			1,000
Net cash provided by discontinued operations	—			1,228
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(35		)	16
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(984		)	3,934
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	2,585			1,324
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	1,601		$	5,258
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	50		$	22
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Warrant liabilities	$	—		$	792
Convertible notes	$	—		$	3,208

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLC SYSTEMS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2012

1. Business and Liquidity

PLC Systems Inc. (“PLC” or the “Company”) is a medical device company specializing in innovative technologies for the cardiac and vascular markets. Over the past three years, the Company has begun commercialization outside the United States of its newest product, RenalGuard®, which represents the Company’s key strategic growth initiative and primary business focus. The RenalGuard System consists of a proprietary console and accompanying single-use sets and is designed to reduce the potentially toxic effects that contrast media can have on the kidneys when it is administered to at-risk patients during certain medical imaging procedures. The Company conducts business operations as one operating segment.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company incurred a loss from continuing operations of approximately $6,779,000 and negative cash flows from continuing operations of $949,000. At March 31, 2012, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $105,505,000. Management expects that quarterly losses and negative cash flows will continue during 2012. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Based upon the current financial condition of the Company and the expectation of continued quarterly losses during 2012, management is currently investigating ways to raise additional capital that can be completed in the next few months. Subsequent to December 31, 2011, the Company reported that it had engaged a financial advisor to assist the Company in this effort. The Company will continue to review its other expense areas to determine whether additional reductions in discretionary spending can be achieved.

The Company also believes that the recent publication of positive clinical results from two independent investigator-sponsored clinical trials in Italy, which show RenalGuard to be both a safe and effective product for the prevention of CIN in at-risk patients, presents a substantial opportunity for it to increase its sales and achieve profitable results in the next few years, provided the Company is able to raise the additional capital it needs in the near term to sustain its operations and expand its RenalGuard sales and marketing programs.

2. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2012. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.

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The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

In the first quarter of 2011, the Company sold the assets related to its TMR business to Novadaq Corp., a subsidiary of Novadaq Technologies Inc., the Company’s then exclusive distributor of TMR in the U.S., for $1,000,000 plus the relief of approximately $614,000 in service contract obligations (see Note 10), and issued $4,000,000 in secured convertible debt (see Note 11).

As a result of its sale in the first quarter of 2011, the operating results of the Company’s TMR business, including those related to the prior periods, have been reclassified from continuing operations to discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (see Note 9).

3. Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (computed on a first-in, first-out method) or market value and include allocations of labor and overhead. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011
Raw materials	$	200	$	157
Finished goods	19		81
	$	219	$	238

4. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Option Plans

In May 2005, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”). Incentive stock options are issuable only to employees of the Company, while non-qualified stock options may be issued to non-employee directors, consultants and others, as well as to employees. Under the 2005 Plan, the per share exercise price of incentive stock options may not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date the option is granted. The 2005 Plan provides that the Company may not grant non-qualified stock options at an exercise price less than 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock.

The Company grants stock options to its non-employee directors. New non-employee directors receive an initial grant of an option to purchase 45,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that generally vest in quarterly installments over three years. Once the initial grant has fully vested, non-employee directors (other than the Chairman of the Board) receive an annual grant of an option to purchase 22,500 shares of the Company’s common stock that generally will vest in four equal quarterly installments. The Chairman of the Board receives an annual grant of an option to purchase 45,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that generally vests in four equal quarterly installments. All such options have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

As a result of employee terminations in the first quarter of 2011, options held by terminated employees to purchase a total of 173,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.24 per share were cancelled, but were replaced by the Company with new options, all of which were immediately vested, to purchase 173,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.24 per share. The Company recorded an additional $2,000 in stock compensation expense related to these grants during the three months ended March 31, 2012.

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company did not grant any options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock.

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During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company granted options to purchase 565,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to employees with performance-based vesting. Management has determined that as of March 31, 2012 it is probable that the performance conditions associated with the performance based vesting will be met, however not within the one year vesting term as originally estimated. Therefore, the related expense is being recognized over the estimated extended service period.

On March 30, 2012, the Company issued an aggregate of 625,000 shares of restricted common stock to Garden State Securities, Inc. and JFS Investments, Inc. in exchange for certain investor relations and related consulting services to the Company. These shares vested immediately, but are restricted from being sold for a period of six months form the date of issuance. The issuance of these shares resulted in $206,000 of compensation expense in the three months ended March 31, 2012.

As of March 31, 2012, there were 664,068 shares of common stock available to be granted under the 2005 Plan.

The following is a summary of option activity under all plans (in thousands, except per option data):

	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2011	5,602	$	0.21
Outstanding, March 31, 2012	5,602	$	0.21	3.16
Exercisable, March 31, 2012	4,137	$	0.23	1.88

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recorded compensation expense related to stock options of $28,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared to $30,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011. The Company also recorded compensation expense of $206,000 related to the issuance of restricted common shares during the three months ended March 31, 2012. As of March 31, 2012, the Company had $60,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to its unvested options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.89 years.

The weighted average fair value of options issued, as estimated using the Black-Scholes model, was $0.08 during the three months ended March 31, 2011. The assumptions used were as follows:

		Three Months Ended March 30,
		2011
Expected life (years)		1.00 — 6.00
Risk free rate		0.27—2.38%
Volatility		107.2—132.1%
Expected dividend yield		None

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The expected life was calculated using the simplified method. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant for the expected term. Expected volatility is based exclusively on historical volatility data of the Company’s common stock. The Company estimates an expected forfeiture rate by analyzing historical forfeiture activity and considering how future forfeitures are expected to differ from historical forfeitures. The Company expects that all outstanding options at March 31, 2012 will fully vest over their requisite service period. Actual results, and future changes in estimates, may differ substantially from the Company’s current estimates.

Stock Purchase Plan

The Company has a 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) for all eligible employees whereby shares of the Company’s common stock may be purchased at six-month intervals at 95% of the average of the closing bid and ask prices of the Company’s common stock on the last business day of the relevant plan period. Employees may purchase shares having a value not exceeding 10% of their gross compensation during an offering period, subject to certain additional limitations. There was no activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011. At March 31, 2012, 294,461 shares were reserved for future issuance under the Purchase Plan.

5. Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when the following basic revenue recognition criteria have been met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4) are based on management’s judgments regarding the fixed nature of the price to the buyer charged for products delivered or services rendered and collectability of the sales price. The Company assesses credit worthiness of customers based upon prior history with the customer and assessment of financial condition. The Company’s shipping terms are customarily Free On Board (“FOB”) shipping point. The Company records revenue at the time of shipment if all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. During the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company deferred $277,000 of revenue related to shipments to its distributor in Italy, Artech because not all revenue recognition criteria were met. The Company expects this revenue to be recognized in 2012.

6. Loss per Share

In the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, basic and diluted loss per share have been computed using only the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period without giving effect to any potential future issuances of common stock related to stock option programs, investor warrants or convertible notes, since their inclusion would be antidilutive.

For the three months ended March 31, 2012, 45,405,000 shares attributable to outstanding warrants convertible notes and stock options, and for the three months ended March 31, 2011, 45,332,000 shares attributable to outstanding warrants, convertible notes and stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been antidilutive.

7. Total Comprehensive Loss

Total comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $6,798,000 as compared to $3,772,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011. Comprehensive loss is comprised of the net loss plus the increase/decrease in currency translation adjustment.

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8. Warranty and Preventative Maintenance Costs

The Company warranties its products against manufacturing defects under normal use and service during the warranty period. The Company evaluates the estimated future unrecoverable costs of warranty and preventative maintenance services for its installed base of products on a quarterly basis and adjusts its warranty reserve accordingly. The Company considers all available evidence, including historical experience and information obtained from supplier audits. There was no warranty liability recorded at March 31, 2012 or December 31, 2011.

9. Sale of Assets

In May 2010, the Company sold to a newly-formed corporation affiliated with its principal OEM customer certain of its OEM surgical tube assets, comprised principally of inventory, equipment, intellectual property and certain other intangible assets, as well as all necessary manufacturing documentation needed to perform contract assembly services for general purpose CO2 lasers. The total sale price for these assets was $225,000, of which approximately $154,000 was paid at the time of closing, with the balance in a note receivable totaling $71,000. At the closing of the transaction and as of December 31, 2010, the note receivable was fully reserved. Following the sale, Dr. Robert I. Rudko, who was a director and a stockholder of the Company at the time, acquired a minority interest in the corporation that purchased the OEM assets. In conjunction with this transaction, in the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recorded an initial gain on sale of assets of $98,000. In March 2011, Dr. Rudko resigned from the Company’s board of directors. Also in March 2011, the Company reached an agreement with the acquiring company to settle the note receivable at a reduced amount of $40,000. This amount was collected in April 2011, and was recorded as a gain when cash was received during the second quarter of 2011.

10. Sale of TMR Business to Novadaq/Discontinued Operations

On November 5, 2010, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its TMR business to Novadaq. This transaction was approved by the Company’s shareholders at a special meeting on January 31, 2011 and the transaction closed on February 1, 2011.

Under terms of the agreement, Novadaq acquired substantially all of the Company’s assets that were used in the TMR business including all manufacturing rights, substantially all product inventories, and all equipment, intellectual property, regulatory approvals, clinical data and documentation related to TMR, for a purchase price of $1 million in cash and the assumption of all the Company’s obligations under service contracts as of the closing date totaling $614,000. The total carrying value of the assets sold as of the transaction date was $385,000. In addition, the Company incurred transaction costs of $50,000. The Company has recorded a gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes of $1,179,000 in the statement of operations.

The operating results of these operations, including those related to the prior periods, have been reclassified from continuing operations to discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Revenues and net income attributable to discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 are as follows:

	Three months ended March 31, (In thousands)
	2012		2011
Revenues:
Product sales	—		455
Service fees	—		68
Total	—		523
Income from discontinued operations	$	—	$	53

11. Convertible Notes and Warrant Liabilities

Features of the Convertible Notes and Investor Warrants

On February 22, 2011 (the “Original Issue Date”), the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) and a 5% Senior Secured Convertible Debenture Agreement (the “Note Agreement”) with GCP IV LLC (the “Investors” or “Holders”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell in a private placement to the Investors an aggregate principal amount of $4,000,000 of convertible notes due February 22, 2014 (the “Convertible Notes”) and warrants to purchase up to 40,000,000 shares of common stock, which expire February 22, 2016 (the “Investor Warrants”). Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company had the opportunity to raise up to an additional $2 million from the Holders of the Convertible Notes in two separate $1 million tranches, based upon meeting certain operational milestones within certain periods of time. The deadline for achieving the operational milestones for the first $1 million tranche expired in February 2012 without the Company achieving such milestones. The second $1 million tranche is due to the Company upon achievement of the applicable operational milestones at any time prior to February 22, 2014.

Convertible Notes

The Convertible Notes require payment of interest on the outstanding principal amount, in cash, at the rate of 5% per annum, payable quarterly on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1, beginning on the first

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such date following the Original Issue Date, on each conversion date (for the principal amount then being converted), on each optional redemption date (for the principal amount then being redeemed) and on the maturity date. Interest is calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and accrues daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts that may become due in connection with the Convertible Notes, has been made.

The Holders may convert the outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes into shares of the Company’s common stock at the conversion price of $0.10 per share (“Conversion Price”). The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment in the event of (a) stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, reclassifications, mergers, consolidations, distributions of assets or evidence of indebtedness, sales or transfers of substantially all assets, share exchanges or similar events, and (b) dilutive issuances of (i) common stock or (ii) common stock equivalents at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Conversion Price.

At any time after February 2012, and upon entering into a change of control transaction or Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Debenture Agreement, the Company may deliver a notice to the Holders of its irrevocable election to redeem all of the then outstanding principal of the Convertible Notes for cash in an amount equal to the sum of (a) the greater of (i) the outstanding amount of the Convertible Notes divided by the Conversion Price on the date of the mandatory default amount, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, is either (A) demanded or (B) paid in full, whichever has a lower conversion price, multiplied by the Volume Weighted Average Price (“VWAP”) of the date of the mandatory default amount is either (x) demanded or otherwise due or (y) paid in full, whichever has higher VWAP, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, or (ii) 130% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes, plus 100% of accrued and unpaid interest, and (b) all other amounts, costs, expenses and liquidated damages due under the various agreements covering issuance of the Convertible Notes. Such amount would include the liquidated damages due under the default provision of the Purchase Agreement. As of March 31, 2012, the Company has not elected to deliver such notice.

The Company is required to repay, in cash, any outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes on February 22, 2014 and is not permitted, except upon entering into a change of control transaction or fundamental transaction as noted above, to prepay any portion of the principal amount without prior written consent of the Holders.

Investor Warrants

On February 22, 2011, the Company issued warrants for the purchase of up to 40,000,000 shares of common stock at the exercise price of $0.15 per share and with an expiration date of February 22, 2016 (the “Warrants”). The following is a summary of the Warrants outstanding for the three months ending March 31, 2012:

	Warrants	Exercise Price
Beginning balance	40,000,000	$	0.15
Add: Adjustments (pursuant to warrants agreement)	0	n/a
Less: Exercised (prior to 3/31/2011)	0	n/a
Ending balance	40,000,000	$	0.15

The Warrants are exercisable in cash to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Warrant Shares”). The Exercise Price may be paid pursuant to a cashless exercise provision if the Warrant Shares have not been registered within six months after the Warrants are issued. The Exercise Price of the

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Warrants shall be adjusted in the event of (a) stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, reclassifications, mergers, consolidations, distributions of assets or evidence of indebtedness, sales or transfers of substantially all assets, share exchanges or similar events, and (b) dilutive issuances of (i) common stock or (ii) common stock equivalents at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price.

In connection with a Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, that is an all-cash transaction, the Company shall have the right to purchase from the Holders all, but not less than all, of the unexercised portion of the Warrants by paying in cash to the Holders an amount equal to 30% of the Exercise Price multiplied by the number of shares of Common Stock for which the Warrants are exercisable immediately prior to such change of control transaction.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures and reports fair value in accordance with Accounting Standards Codifications (“ASC”) 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820). ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value investments.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of an asset should reflect its highest and best use by market participants, principal (or most advantageous) markets, and an in-use or an in-exchange valuation premise. The fair value of a liability should reflect the risk of nonperformance, which includes, among other things, the Company’s credit risk.

Valuation techniques are generally classified into three categories: the market approach; the income approach; and the cost approach. The selection and application of one or more of the techniques may require significant judgment and are primarily dependent upon the characteristics of the asset or liability, and the quality and availability of inputs. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. ASC 820 also provides fair value hierarchy for inputs and resulting measurement as follows:

Level 1

Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3

Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair values.

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Fair value measurements are required to be disclosed by the Level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall. Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (in Level 3 measurements) are subject to expanded disclosure requirements including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (i) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings, and a description of where those gains or losses included in earning are reported in the statement of income.

The following summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of March 31, 2012:

	Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
			Quoted Prices
			in Active		Significant
			Markets for		Other		Significant
	Balance as of		Identical		Observable		Unobservable
	March 31,		Assets		Inputs		Inputs
Description	2012		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)

Liabilities
Convertible notes	$	8,500,000	$	—	$	—	$	8,500,000
Warrant liabilities	$	4,000,000	$	—	$	—	$	4,000,000

Total Liabilities	$	12,500,000	$	—	$	—	$	12,500,000

Accounting for the Convertible Notes and Investor Warrants

Investor Warrants

In June 2008, the FASB issued ASC 815-40-15 (formerly EITF 07-5, Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock), which was effective for the Company in 2009. This issued guidance requires that derivative instruments be evaluated for certain contingencies and anti-dilution provisions that would affect their equity classification as a derivative under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (ASC 815) and requires the instruments to be classified as liabilities and reported at fair value.

Upon issuance, the Investor Warrants were not considered indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore are required to be accounted for as freestanding derivative instruments and classified as a liability. As a result, the Investor Warrants are recorded as a liability at fair value as of March 31, 2012 with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statement of operations.

Convertible Notes

The Company has determined that the Convertible Notes constitute a hybrid instrument that has the characteristics of a debt host contract containing several embedded derivative features that would require bifurcation and separate accounting as a derivative instrument pursuant to the provisions of ASC 815. The

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Company has identified all of the derivatives associated with the February 22, 2011 financing. As permitted under ASC 825-10-10 — Financial Instruments, as it relates to the fair value option, the Company has elected, as of February 22, 2011, to measure the Convertible Notes in their entirety at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as either a gain or loss until the notes are settled. As such, the Company has appropriately valued the embedded derivatives as a single hybrid contract together with the Convertible Notes. This election was made by the Company after determining the aggregate fair value of the Convertible Notes to be more meaningful in the context of the Company’s financial statements than if separate fair values were assigned to each of the multiple embedded instruments contained in the Convertible Notes.

Upon issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company allocated the proceeds received to the Convertible Notes and Investor Warrants on a relative fair value basis. As a result of such allocation, the Company determined the initial carrying value of the Notes to be $3,210,000. The Notes were immediately marked to fair value, resulting in a derivative liability in the amount of $3.68 million. As of March 31, 2012, the Convertible Notes have been marked to fair value resulting in a derivative liability of $8.5 million. The net charge to other income (expense) was a loss of $3,107,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012. The debt discount in the amount of $792,000 (resulting from the allocation of proceeds) is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the expected term of the Convertible Notes. The Company amortized $66,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012, which is a component of interest expense.

Upon issuance, the Company allocated $792,000 of the initial proceeds to the Investor Warrants and immediately marked them to fair value resulting in a derivative liability of $908,000. As of March 31, 2012, the Investor Warrants have been marked to fair value resulting in a derivative liability of $4,000,000. The charge to other income (expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was expense of $2,400,000.

A summary of changes in the Convertible Notes and Investor Warrants is as follows:

	Fair Value of Convertible Notes		Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities		Total
Allocation of initial proceeds	$	3,208,000	$	792,000	$	4,000,000
Initial fair value adjustment	$	469,000	$	116,000	$	585,000
February 22, 2011	$	3,677,000	$	908,000	$	4,585,000
Amortization of debt discount	$	25,000	$	—	$	25,000
Fair value adjustment	$	1,749,000	$	1,360,000	$	3,109,000
Balance March 31, 2011	$	5,451,000	$	2,268,000	$	7,719,000
Balance December 31, 2011	$	5,327,000	$	1,600,000	$	6,927,000
Amortization of debt discount	$	66,000	$	—	$	66,000
Fair value adjustment	$	3,107,000	$	2,400,000	$	5,507,000
Balance March 31, 2012	$	8,500,000	$	4,000,000	$	12,500,000

The Company records the fair value of Convertible Notes and Investor Warrants as a long term liability.

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Financing Costs

Financing costs include costs associated with obtaining the February 22, 2011 financing. Financing costs totaling $530,000 were recorded in other income (expense) in the three months ending March 31, 2011, $135,000 of which were recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets at December 31, 2010 and expensed upon closing of the transaction.

Valuation — Methodology and Significant Inputs Assumptions

Fair values for the Company’s derivatives and financial instruments are estimated by utilizing valuation models that consider current and expected stock prices, volatility, dividends, market interest rates, forward yield curves and discount rates. Such amounts and the recognition of such amounts are subject to significant estimates that may change in the future. The methods and significant inputs and assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the Warrant Liabilities and Convertible Notes are discussed below. Each of the measurements is considered a Level 3 measurement as a result of at least one unobservable input.

Warrant Liabilities

A Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, with dilution effects, was utilized to estimate the fair value of the Warrant Liabilities as of February 22, 2011, March 31, 2011, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2012. This model is widely used in estimating value of European options dependent upon a non dividend paying stock and fixed inputs. This model is subject to the significant assumptions discussed below and requires the following key inputs with respect to the Company and/or instrument:

Input	February 22, 2011			March 31, 2011			December 31, 2011			March 31, 2012
Stock Price	$	0.0755		$	0.130		$	0.1075		$	0.20
Exercise Price	$	0.15		$	0.15		$	0.15		$	0.15
Expected Life (in years)	5.00			4.90			4.15			3.90
Stock Volatility	90		%	95		%	95		%	100		%
Risk-Free Rate	2.16		%	2.19		%	0.63		%	0.75		%
Dividend Rate	0		%	0		%	0		%	0		%
Outstanding Shares of Common Stock	30,351,092			30,351,092			30,351,092			30,976,092

Convertible Notes

A binomial lattice model was utilized to estimate the fair value of the Convertible Notes. The binomial model considers the key features of the Convertible Notes, as noted above, and is subject to the significant assumptions discussed below. First, a discrete simulation of the Company’s stock price, without effects of dilution due to the conversion feature, was conducted at each node and throughout the expected life of the instrument. Second, a discrete simulation of the Company’s stock price, with effects of dilution due to the conversion feature, was conducted at each node and throughout the expected life of the instrument. Third, based upon the simulated stock price with dilution effect, an analysis of the higher position of a conversion position, redemption position, or holding position (i.e. fair value of the respective future nodes value discounted using the applicable discount rate) was conducted relative to each node until a final fair value of the instrument is conducted at the node representing the measurement date. This model requires the following key inputs with respect to the Company and/or instrument:

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Input	February 22, 2011			March 31, 2011			December 31, 2011			March 31, 2012
Stock Price	$	0.0755		$	0.130		$	0.1075		$	0.20
Exercise Price	$	0.10		$	0.10		$	0.10		$	0.10
Expected remaining term (in years)	3.00			2.90			2.15			1.90
Stock Volatility	95		%	100		%	100		%	105		%
Risk-Free Rate	1.22		%	1.24		%	0.27		%	0.325		%
Dividend Rate	0		%	0		%	0		%	0		%
Outstanding Shares of Common Stock	30,351,092			30,351,092			30,351,092			30,976,092
Effective discount rate	20.3		%	17.1		%	13.2		%	11.6		%
Probability of forced redemption	20		%	20		%	20		%	20		%

The following are significant assumptions utilized in developing the inputs:

· The Company’s common stock shares are traded on the OTC Bulletin Board and, accordingly, the stock price input is based upon bid prices as of the valuation dates due to the extremely thin trading volume, broker-driven market (vs. exchange market) and the wide bid/ask spread as of the valuation date;

· The expected future stock prices of the Company’s stock were modeled to include the effect of dilution upon conversion of the instruments to shares of common stock;

· Stock volatility was estimated by considering (i) the annualized monthly volatility of the Company’s stock price during the historical period preceding the respective valuation dates and measured over a period corresponding to the remaining life of the instruments (monthly data set is more relevant given the extremely thin trading volume of the Company’s common stock) and (ii) the annualized daily volatility of comparable companies’ stock price during the historical period preceding the respective valuation dates and measured over a period corresponding to the remaining life of the instrument. Historic prices of the Company and comparable companies’ common stock were used to estimate volatility as the Company did not have traded options as of the valuation dates;

· Based upon the Company’s historical operations and management’s expectations for the foreseeable future, the Company’s stock was assumed to be a non-dividend-paying stock;

· The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury Yield curve in effect as on the valuation date for the expected term;

· With respect to the Convertible Notes, the Company is expected to pay all accrued interest due to the Holders on each Interest Payment Date;

· With respect to the Convertible Notes, based upon management’s expectations for a change of control or fundamental transaction to occur prior to the maturity date of the Convertible Notes, a low probability of a forced redemption;

· Upon a change of control redemption, the change of control redemption amount shall equal to the sum of:

I. the greater of:

(i) the outstanding amount of the debt divided by the Conversion Price on the date of the mandatory default amount is either (A) demanded or (B) paid in full, whichever has a

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lower conversion price, multiplied by the VWAP of the date of the mandatory default amount is either (x) demanded or otherwise due or (y) paid in full, whichever has higher VWAP, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, or

(ii) 130% of the outstanding principal amount of the debt, plus 100% of accrued and unpaid interest, and

II. all other amounts, costs, expenses and liquidated damages due under the various agreements covering issuance of the debt.

Additionally, it is assumed that no amounts are due pursuant to clause (II) above in any period and that the stock price at each respective node represents a reasonable approximation of the VWAP requirements.

The changes in fair value between reporting periods are related to the changes in the price of the Company’s common stock as of the measurement dates, the volatility of the Company’s common stock during the remaining term of the instrument, changes in the conversion price and effective discount rate.

12. Commitments

Lease Commitments

In June 2011, the Company entered in to a three year facility lease for office space at a new location in Milford, Massachusetts, beginning August 2011. In addition to the minimum lease payments, the new lease agreement requires payment of the Company’s pro-rata share of property taxes and building operating expenses.

Under the new lease, future minimum lease payments are estimated to be as follows (in thousands):

Year	Future Minimum Lease Payments
2012	29
2013	41
2014	30
Total	$	100

The Company manufactures its RenalGuard consoles and sterile disposable kits using two separate outside contract manufacturers. The contracts with these manufacturers do not contain minimum purchase requirements or any future commitments. Purchases are made upon request to the manufacturer.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company hired a clinical research organization (“CRO”) to assist with managing its clinical trial. The contract with the CRO does not contain minimum purchase requirements or any future commitments, and payments are made once services are provided.

13. Subsequent Event

The Company has evaluated all events or transactions through the date of this filing. During this period, the Company did not have any material subsequent events that impacted its consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

We are a medical device company specializing in innovative technologies for the cardiac and vascular markets. Our key strategic growth initiative is our newest marketable product, RenalGuard.

RenalGuard is designed to reduce the potentially toxic effects that contrast media can have on the kidneys when administered to at-risk patients during certain medical imaging procedures. It is believed that allowing contrast media to dwell in the kidneys of certain higher risk patients can lead to contrast induced

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nephropathy (CIN), a potentially deadly form of acute kidney injury. By inducing and maintaining a high urine flow rate before, during and after these medical imaging procedures, we believe the incidence rates of CIN in at-risk patients can be reduced. RenalGuard facilitates this increased urine clearance automatically, enabling the body to more rapidly void the contrast media, thereby reducing its overall resident time and potential toxic effects in the kidney.

The RenalGuard System consists of a proprietary console and accompanying single-use sets. RenalGuard operates by first collecting and measuring patient urine outputs and then in real-time precisely matching these urine outputs with a prescribed replacement fluid by means of intravenous infusion. With its automated matched fluid replacement capability, RenalGuard is intended to promote and maintain high urine outputs and minimize the risk to patients of over- or under-hydration during image-guided catheterization procedures where contrast media are routinely administered.

We obtained a CE Mark for RenalGuard in December 2007 and began our initial commercialization efforts in the EU in Italy in April 2008. We are now marketing RenalGuard in Europe and several additional countries around the world. In the U.S. we must first successfully complete a pivotal clinical study assessing the safety and effectiveness of RenalGuard in reducing the rates of CIN in at-risk patients and obtain FDA pre-market approval in order to market and sell RenalGuard. We began this U.S. pivotal study in late 2011.

Our distributor of RenalGuard in Italy, Artech, accounted for 46% of our total revenues and 56% of our RenalGuard revenues in the year ended December 31, 2011. No sales were made to Artech during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or March 31, 2011.

With the sale of our TMR business to Novadaq in February 2011, as discussed in Note 10 to these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, our ability to increase revenues depends solely upon higher sales of our RenalGuard products into international markets. This dependency on international RenalGuard revenue growth will continue until such time, if ever, that we may obtain FDA pre-market approval and are permitted to begin selling RenalGuard in the U.S.

Our management reviews a number of key performance indicators to assist in determining how to allocate resources and run our day-to-day operations. These indicators include (1) actual prior quarterly sales trends, (2) projected sales for the next four quarters, (3) research and development progress as measured against internal project plan objectives, (4) budget to actual financial expenditure results, (5) inventory levels (both our own and our distributors’), and (6) short term and long term projected cash flows of the business.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our financial statements are based upon the application of significant accounting policies, many of which require us to make significant estimates and assumptions (see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). We believe that the following are some of the more material judgment areas in the application of our accounting policies that currently affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (computed on a first-in, first-out method) or market value and include allocations of labor and overhead. We regularly review slow-moving and excess inventories, and writes down inventories to net realizable value if the ultimate expected proceeds from the disposals of excess inventory are less than the carrying cost of the inventory.

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Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at the amount we expect to collect from the outstanding balances. We continuously monitor collections from customers, and we maintain a provision for estimated credit losses based upon historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that we have identified. Historically, we have not experienced significant losses related to our accounts receivable. Collateral is not generally required. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances might be required.

Valuation of Convertible Notes and Warrant Liabilities

The valuation of our convertible notes and our warrant liabilities as derivative instruments utilizes certain estimates and judgments that affect the fair value of the instruments. Fair values are estimated by utilizing valuation models that consider current and expected stock prices, volatility, dividends, forward yield curves and discount rates. Such amounts and the recognition of such amounts are subject to significant estimates that may change in the future.

Warranty and Preventative Maintenance Costs

We warranty our products against manufacturing defects under normal use and service during the warranty period. We obtain similar warranties from a majority of our suppliers.

We evaluate the estimated future unrecoverable costs of warranty and preventative maintenance services for our installed base of products on a quarterly basis and adjust our warranty reserve accordingly. We consider all available evidence, including historical experience and information obtained from supplier audits.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when the following basic revenue recognition criteria have been met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4) are based on management’s judgments regarding the fixed nature of the price to the buyer charged for products delivered or services rendered and collectability of the sales price. We assess credit worthiness of customers based upon prior history with the customer and assessment of financial condition. Our shipping terms are customarily Free On Board (“FOB”) shipping point. We record revenue at the time of shipment, if all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.

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Results of Operations

Results for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Increase (decrease)
	2012		2011		over 2011
	$		$		$		%
	(dollars in thousands)

Total Revenues	20		57		(37	)	(65	)
Total Cost of revenues	13		140		(127	)	(91	)
Gross profit (loss)	7		(83	)	90		(108	)
Selling, general & administrative expenses	661		593		68		11
Research & development expenses	515		73		442		608
Total operating expenses	1,176		666		510		77
Gain on the sale of assets	—		—		—		—
Loss from continuing operations	(1,169	)	(749	)	420		(56	)
Interest expense	(116	)	(46	)	(70	)	152
Interest income	—		—		—		—
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	13		—		(13	)	100
Financing costs associated with convertible notes	—		(530	)	(530	)	100
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(2,400	)	(1,476	)	924		63
Change in fair value of convertible notes	(3,107	)	(2,218	)	889		40
Total other expense	(5,610	)	(4,270	)	1,870		50
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes	(6,779	)	(5,019	)	(1,760	)	35
Benefit for income taxes from continuing operations	—		492		492		100
Net loss from continuing operations, net of income taxes	—		(4,527	)	(4,527	)	100
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—		53		53		100
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of provision for income taxes of $492	—		687		1,179		100
Net income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—		740		1,232		100
Net Loss	(6,779	)	(3,787	)	(2,992	)	79

Revenues

RenalGuard revenues decreased $37,000, or 65% in the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared to the three months ended March 31 2011. RenalGuard Console sales decreased $36,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 due to a lower volume of RenalGuard consoles sold to international distributors. RenalGuard single use set revenues remained constant in the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Gross Profit (Loss)

Gross profit was $7,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared with a gross loss of $83,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011. Gross margin generated from the low volume of OEM and RenalGuard revenues was not sufficient to offset the fixed manufacturing costs incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2011.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenditures increased 11% in the three months ended March 31, 2102 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in the three month comparative period is a result of higher stock based compensation expense related to shares issued to our investor relations consultants.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenditures increased 608% in the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, due to costs for the RenalGuard U.S. clinical trial, which began enrolling patients in January 2012.

As we continue our U.S clinical trial for our RenalGuard program, we expect our Research and development expenses to significantly increase for the remainder of 2012, compared to the same periods in 2011.

Other Income (Expense)

In February 2011, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement and a 5% Senior Secured Convertible Debenture Agreement as described in Note 11 of the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result of this transaction, interest expense on the Convertible Notes of $116,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012 and $46,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011 was recorded. In addition, financing costs associated with convertible note of $530,000 were recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2011.

The Company recorded other expense of $2,400,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to $1,476,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011 as a result of a fair value adjustment related to the Warrant Liabilities. The Company recorded other income of $3,107,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to $2,218,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2011 as a result of a fair value adjustment related to the Convertible Notes.

Discontinued Operations

In February 2011, we sold the TMR business to Novadaq as disclosed in Note 10 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Novadaq acquired substantially all of the Company’s assets that were used in the TMR business including all manufacturing rights, substantially all product inventories, and all equipment, intellectual property, regulatory approvals, clinical data and documentation related to TMR, for a purchase price of $1 million in cash and the assumption of all the Company’s obligations under service contracts as of the closing date totaling $614,000. The total carrying value of the assets sold as of the transaction date was $385,000. In addition, the Company incurred transactions costs of $50,000. The Company recorded a gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes of $1,179,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2011.

Net Loss

In the three months ended March 31, 2012, our net loss increased $2,992,000 compared to the net loss reported for the three months ended March 31, 2011, due to the increase in the valuation of our Warrant Liabilities and Convertible Notes as well as increased research and development costs related to our ongoing RenalGuard U.S. clinical trial.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We compete in the highly regulated and competitive medical device market place where products can take significant time to develop, gain regulatory approval and then introduce to distributors and end users. We have incurred recurring quarterly operating losses over the past few years as we have worked to bring our RenalGuard System through development and initial commercialization efforts outside the United States. We expect such operating losses will continue until such time, if ever, that RenalGuard product sales increase sufficiently to generate profitable results.

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,601,000 as of March 31 2012, a decrease of $984,000 from $2,585,000 recorded as of December 31, 2011. We have historically funded our working capital requirements through cash received from public and private offerings of our common stock and to a lesser extent, through our sales of products and services. We believe that our existing resources, based on our currently projected financial results, are sufficient to fund operations through the second quarter of 2012. Based on current and anticipated revenue projections from foreign sales of our RenalGuard product, and the anticipated costs of our U.S. clinical trial, we expect that we will need to raise additional capital during the first half of 2012. Under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, we had the opportunity to raise up to an additional $2 million from the Holders of the Convertible Notes in two separate $1 million tranches, based upon meeting certain operational milestones within certain periods of time. The deadline for achieving the operational milestones for the first $1 million tranche expired in February 2012 without our achieving such milestones. The second $1 million tranche is due to us upon achievement of the applicable operational milestones at any time prior to February 22, 2014.

Our plan is to seek additional capital through the sale of equity and/or debt securities to fund operations. However, there can be no assurance that such capital will be available at all, or if available, that the terms of such financing will not be dilutive to our existing stockholders. The Holders of the Convertible Notes have a right to participate in up to 50% of any subsequent financing. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of the company by our stockholders would be diluted. In addition, any debt securities would have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock and we may sell equity or other convertible debt financing securities which would have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock.

If we are unable to generate adequate cash flows or obtain sufficient additional funding when needed, we may have to take certain actions including, but not limited to, cutting back our operations, selling some or all of our assets, licensing potentially valuable technologies to third parties, and/or ceasing some or all of our operations.”

Cash flows used in operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2012 were $949,000 due to our net loss and unfavorable working capital changes, partially offset by non cash activity including 1) the change in fair value of convertible notes and warrant liabilities 2) non-cash interest expense; 3) depreciation expense; 4) stock-based compensation expense; and 5) financing costs associated with convertible notes. The effect of exchange rate changes was a $35,000 decrease in cash.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2012, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-05, an amendment to Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 220, Comprehensive Income. ASU 2011-05 introduces a new statement, the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, which begins with net earnings and adds or deducts other recognized changes in assets and liabilities that are not included in net earnings, but are reported directly to equity, under GAAP. For example, unrealized changes in currency translation adjustments are included in the measure of comprehensive income but are excluded from net earnings. The amendments became effective for the first quarter 2012 financial statements. The amendments affect only the display of those components of equity categorized as other comprehensive income and do not change existing recognition and measurement requirements that determine net earnings.

On January 1, 2012, we adopted FASB ASU 2011-04, an amendment to ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements. ASU 2011-04 clarifies or changes the application of existing fair value measurements, including: that the highest and best use valuation premise in a fair value measurement is relevant only when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets; that a reporting entity should measure the fair value of its own equity instrument from the perspective of a market participant that holds that instrument as an asset; to permit an entity to measure the fair value of certain financial instruments on a net basis rather than based on its gross exposure when the reporting entity manages its financial instruments on the basis of such net exposure; that in the absence of a Level 1 input, a reporting entity should apply premiums and discounts when market participants would do so when pricing the asset or liability consistent with the unit of account; and that premiums and discounts related to size as a characteristic of the reporting entity’s holding are not permitted in a fair value measurement. Adopting these amendments had no effect on the financial statements. For a description of how we estimate fair value and our process for reviewing fair value measurements classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy, see Note 2 in our 2011 consolidated financial statements.

Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Statements containing terms such as “believes”, “plans”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “estimates” and similar expressions reflect uncertainty and are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans and expectations and involve known and unknown important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Such important factors and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

· We expect to incur significant net losses in future quarters;

· We have received a ‘going concern’ opinion in our consolidated financial statements indicating that our cash balance as of December 31, 2011, combined with recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operations, raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for the next 12 months. As noted above, we are investigating ways to raise additional capital to continue our operations.

· Our quarterly operating results have varied in the past and will continue to vary significantly in the future, causing volatility in our stock price;

· With the sale of our TMR business in February 2011, our future prospects are solely dependent upon the successful commercialization of RenalGuard. To date we have recorded only a limited amount of sales of RenalGuard, principally to a single customer in one country, Italy. Sales of RenalGuard alone are currently insufficient, and may never grow to be sufficient, to sustain our ongoing operations;

· Our ability to effectively market RenalGuard outside the U.S. is largely dependent on the reception of the results of the MYTHOS and REMEDIAL II investigator-sponsored clinical trials. We have no assurance that the results from these two trials will be viewed as clinically meaningful or that they will lead to increased sales of RenalGuard;

· We may never be successful in establishing a broad distribution channel for RenalGuard outside the U.S., and any distribution channel we may establish may never generate sufficient sales for us to attain profitability;

· If we are required to change our pricing models to compete successfully, our margins and operating results may be adversely affected;

· We commenced our U.S. pivotal clinical trial in 2012 to study RenalGuard, which is necessary to obtain FDA pre-market approval to market RenalGuard in the U.S. This study will take us a significant amount of time and money to complete and will require us to raise additional capital in the future. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to complete this study or, if we are able to complete it, that RenalGuard will be shown to be safe or effective in preventing CIN, or that the degree of any positive safety and efficacy results will be sufficient to either obtain FDA approval or otherwise successfully market our product. Furthermore, the completion of a U.S. pivotal clinical trial is dependent upon many factors, some of which are not entirely within our control, including, but not limited to, our ability to successfully recruit investigators, the availability of patients meeting the inclusion criteria of our clinical study, the competition for these particular study patients amongst other clinical trials being conducted by other companies at these same study sites, the ability of the sites participating in our study to successfully enroll patients in our trial, and proper data gathering on the part of the investigating sites. Should a U.S. pivotal clinical trial take longer than we expect, our competitive position relative to existing preventative measures, or relative to new devices, drugs or therapies that may be developed could be seriously harmed and our ability to successfully fund the completion of the trial and bring RenalGuard to market may be adversely affected;

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· Our RenalGuard System has only had limited testing in a clinical setting in the U.S. and we may need to modify it substantially in the future for it to be commercially acceptable in the broader market;

· Any potential future modifications required to make RenalGuard commercially acceptable for the broader market may result in substantial additional costs and/or market introduction delays;

· Rapid technological change in the medical device industry could make our products obsolete and requires substantial research and development expenditures and responsiveness to customer needs. We expect to continue to face substantial competition from different treatment modalities and if we do not compete effectively with these alternatives, our market share may never grow and could decline;

· An inability to obtain third party reimbursement for RenalGuard could materially affect future demand for our product. We know of no existing Medicare coverage or other third party reimbursement that currently would be available in the U.S. to either hospitals or physicians that would help defray the additional cost that would result from the future purchase and/or use of our RenalGuard System. We also can provide no assurance that we will ever be able to obtain Medicare coverage or other third party reimbursement for the use of RenalGuard, which could materially and adversely affect the potential future demand for our product;

· Securing patent protection over our intellectual property ideas in the field of CIN prevention is, we believe, critical to our plans to successfully differentiate and market our RenalGuard System and grow our future revenues. However, we can provide no assurance as to how strong our issued patents will prove to be. Furthermore we can provide no assurance that we will be successful in securing any additional patent protection for our intellectual property ideas in this field or that our efforts to obtain patent protection will not prove more difficult, and therefore more costly, than we are otherwise expecting. Finally, even if we are successful in securing patent protection for some of our pending patent applications, or for additional intellectual property ideas in this field, we cannot predict when in the future any such potential patents may be issued, how strong such additional patent protection will prove to be, or whether these patents will be issued in a timely enough fashion to afford us any commercially meaningful advantage in marketing our RenalGuard System against other potentially competitive devices;

· We are exposed to risks associated with outsourcing activities, which could result in supply shortages that could affect our ability to meet customer needs;

· If we deliver systems with defects, our credibility may be harmed, sales and market and regulatory approvals acceptance of our systems may decrease and we may incur liabilities associated with those defects;

· If we require additional capital in the future, it may not be available, or if available, may not be on terms acceptable to us;

· We are exposed to various risks related to the regulatory environment for medical devices. Compliance with medical device health and safety regulations may be very costly, and the failure to comply could result in liabilities, fines and cessation of our business;

· Our share price will fluctuate based upon a number of factors including, but not limited to:

· actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations;

· changes in estimates of our future results of operations by us or securities analysts;

· announcements of technological innovations or new products or services by us or our competitors;

· changes affecting the medical device industry;

· announcements of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments by us or our competitors;

· additions or departures of key technical or management personnel;

· issuances of debt or equity securities;

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· significant lawsuits, including patent or stockholder litigation;

· changes in the market valuations of similar companies;

· sales of our common stock by us or our stockholders in the future;

· dilution caused by the conversion of convertible debt currently outstanding or which may be issued to our current secured lender and its assignees as well as the exercise of warrants issued to this lender, as well as by the exercise of employee stock options or the issuance of shares on the vesting of restricted stock units;

· trading volume of our common stock; and

· other events or factors that may directly or indirectly affect the value or perceived value of our business and/or prospects, including the risk factors identified in our SEC filings.

· We have pledged all of our assets to our secured debtholders. We are not currently permitted, nor do we currently intend, to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and therefore our shareholders may not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them at an amount greater than the price paid for such shares;

· Our secured debtholders may be able to exert significant control over the company through restrictive covenants contained in such debt agreements or through the conversion to our equity securities of the convertible debt and warrants issued and/or issuable to these debtholders;

· Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could cause our stock price to fall. Future sales and issuances of our common stock or rights to purchase common stock, including pursuant to our stock plans, could result in additional dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders and could cause our stock price to fall;

· U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in shares of our common stock because it may be considered a “penny stock,” and thus be subject to the penny stock rules; and

· Our ability to recruit and retain management and other qualified personnel is crucial to our ability to develop, market, sell and support our products.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Pursuant to Item 305(e) of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide this information because we are a smaller reporting company.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2012. The term “disclosure controls and procedures”, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal

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executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based upon the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2012, our chief executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. Other Information

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Pursuant to the instructions to Item 1A. of Form 10-Q, we are not required to provide this information because we are a smaller reporting company.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number		Description of Document

31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		The following materials from PLC Systems Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language), (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	PLC SYSTEMS INC.

Date: May 15, 2012	By:	/s/ Mark R. Tauscher
		Mark R. Tauscher
		President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Description of Document

31.1+		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2+		Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1+		Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101+		The following materials from PLC Systems Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language), (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

+ Exhibits marked with a plus sign (“+”) are filed herewith.