WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2016 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_______________________________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

_______________________________________________________________________________

þ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ending September 30, 2016

Commission File Number: 001-31486

_______________________________________________________________________________

WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_______________________________________________________________________________



Delaware		06-1187536
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

145 Bank Street, Waterbury, Connecticut 06702

(Address and zip code of principal executive offices)

(203) 578-2202

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

______________________________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	þ	Accelerated filer	o	Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). o Yes þ No

The number of shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of October 31, 2016 was 91,726,376.

INDEX



		Page No.

Key to Acronyms		ii

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	41

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	71

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	71

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	72

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	72

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	72

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	73

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	73

Item 5.	Other Information	73

Item 6.	Exhibits	73

SIGNATURES		74

EXHIBIT INDEX		75

WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

KEY TO ACRONYMS



Agency CMBS	Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities
Agency CMO	Agency collateralized mortgage obligations
Agency MBS	Agency mortgage-backed securities
ALCO	Asset/Liability Committee
ALLL	Allowance for loan and lease losses
AOCL	Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax
ASC	Accounting Standards Codification
ASU	Accounting Standards Update
Basel III	Capital rules under a global regulatory framework developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
CCRP	Composite Credit Risk Profile
CDI	Core deposit intangible assets
CET1 capital	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital, defined by Basel III capital rules
CLO	Collateralized loan obligations
CMBS	Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities
Dodd-Frank Act	Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHLB	Federal Home Loan Bank
FICO	Fair Isaac Corporation
FINRA	Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
FRB	Federal Reserve Bank
FTP	Funds Transfer Pricing, a matched maturity funding concept
GAAP	U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Holding Company	Webster Financial Corporation
HSA Bank	A division of Webster Bank, National Association
ISDA	International Swaps Derivative Association
LBP	Look back period
LEP	Loss emergence period
LIBOR	London Interbank Offered Rate
LPL	LPL Financial Holdings Inc.
NII	Net interest income
OCC	Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OCI/OCL	Other comprehensive income (loss)
OREO	Other real estate owned
OTTI	Other-than-temporary impairment
PPNR	Pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue
RPA	Risk participation agreement
SEC	United States Securities and Exchange Commission
SIPC	Securities Investor Protection Corporation
TDR	Troubled debt restructuring, defined in ASC 310-40 "Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors"
VIE	Variable interest entity, defined in ASC 810-10 "Consolidation-Overall"
Webster Bank	Webster Bank, National Association, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Webster Financial Corporation
Webster or the Company	Webster Financial Corporation, collectively with its consolidated subsidiaries

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PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS



	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
(In thousands, except share data)	(Unaudited)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	199,989		$	199,693
Interest-bearing deposits	21,938			155,907
Securities available-for-sale	3,040,111			2,984,631
Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $4,109,943 and $3,961,534)	4,022,332			3,923,052
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock	185,104			188,347
Loans held for sale (valued under fair value option $66,400 and $0)	66,578			37,091
Loans and leases	16,623,401			15,671,735
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(187,925		)	(174,990		)
Loans and leases, net	16,435,476			15,496,745
Deferred tax asset, net	73,228			101,578
Premises and equipment, net	137,067			129,426
Goodwill	538,373			538,373
Other intangible assets, net	34,756			39,326
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies	514,153			503,093
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	364,512			343,856
Total assets	$	25,633,617		$	24,641,118
Liabilities and shareholders' equity:
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing	$	3,993,750		$	3,713,063
Interest-bearing	15,207,158			14,239,715
Total deposits	19,200,908			17,952,778
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	800,705			1,151,400
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	2,587,983			2,664,139
Long-term debt	225,450			225,260
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	306,942			233,581
Total liabilities	23,121,988			22,227,158
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; Authorized - 3,000,000 shares:
Series E issued and outstanding (5,060 shares)	122,710			122,710
Common stock, $.01 par value; Authorized - 200,000,000 shares:
Issued (93,651,601 shares)	937			937
Paid-in capital	1,125,377			1,124,325
Retained earnings	1,392,500			1,315,948
Treasury stock, at cost (2,125,891 and 2,090,409 shares)	(76,742		)	(71,854		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(53,153		)	(78,106		)
Total shareholders' equity	2,511,629			2,413,960
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	25,633,617		$	24,641,118

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Interest Income:
Interest and fees on loans and leases	$	157,071		$	140,520		$	459,050		$	406,937
Taxable interest and dividends on securities	43,384			47,230			136,734			141,739
Non-taxable interest on securities	4,820			3,891			13,691			11,905
Loans held for sale	440			357			1,006			1,299
Total interest income	205,715			191,998			610,481			561,880
Interest Expense:
Deposits	12,594			11,480			37,267			34,555
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	3,447			4,138			10,999			12,711
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	6,979			5,949			21,517			16,099
Long-term debt	2,498			2,421			7,444			7,230
Total interest expense	25,518			23,988			77,227			70,595
Net interest income	180,197			168,010			533,254			491,285
Provision for loan and lease losses	14,250			13,000			43,850			35,500
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses	165,947			155,010			489,404			455,785
Non-interest Income:
Deposit service fees	35,734			35,164			105,553			101,382
Loan and lease related fees	10,299			8,305			23,048			19,713
Wealth and investment services	7,593			7,761			21,992			24,434
Mortgage banking activities	3,276			1,441			8,850			5,519
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies	3,743			3,288			11,060			9,637
Gain on sale of investment securities, net	—			—			414			529
Impairment loss on securities recognized in earnings	—			(82		)	(149		)	(82		)
Other income	5,767			5,415			23,093			16,966
Total non-interest income	66,412			61,292			193,861			178,098
Non-interest Expense:
Compensation and benefits	83,148			73,378			243,688			218,285
Occupancy	15,004			11,987			44,099			37,263
Technology and equipment	19,753			21,419			59,067			60,979
Intangible assets amortization	1,493			1,621			4,570			4,752
Marketing	4,622			4,099			14,215			12,520
Professional and outside services	4,795			2,896			11,360			8,224
Deposit insurance	6,177			6,067			19,596			17,800
Other expense	21,105			18,470			64,725			51,738
Total non-interest expense	156,097			139,937			461,320			411,561
Income before income tax expense	76,262			76,365			221,945			222,322
Income tax expense	24,445			24,995			72,478			69,405
Net income	51,817			51,370			149,467			152,917
Preferred stock dividends and other	(2,183		)	(2,194		)	(6,540		)	(7,202		)
Earnings applicable to common shareholders	$	49,634		$	49,176		$	142,927		$	145,715



Earnings per common share:

Basic	$	0.54	$	0.54	$	1.57	$	1.61
Diluted	0.54		0.53		1.56		1.60

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)



	Three months ended September 30,					Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015			2016		2015
Net income	$	51,817	$	51,370		$	149,467	$	152,917
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Total available-for-sale and transferred securities	1,218		712			19,988		(6,248		)
Total derivative instruments	2,015		(519		)	1,589		42
Total defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans	1,125		983			3,376		2,948
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	4,358		1,176			24,953		(3,258		)
Comprehensive income	$	56,175	$	52,546		$	174,420	$	149,659

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)



(In thousands, except per share data)	Preferred Stock			Common Stock		Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock, at cost			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax			Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	122,710		$	937	$	1,124,325		$	1,315,948		$	(71,854	)	$	(78,106	)	$	2,413,960
Net income	—			—		—			149,467			—			—			149,467
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—		—			—			—			24,953			24,953
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock $0.73 per share	—			—		109			(67,088		)	—			—			(66,979		)
Dividends on Series E preferred stock $1,200.00 per share	—			—		—			(6,072		)	—			—			(6,072		)
Stock-based compensation, net of tax impact	—			—		2,413			245			8,031			—			10,689
Exercise of stock options	—			—		(1,307		)	—			3,679			—			2,372
Common shares acquired related to stock compensation plan activity	—			—		—			—			(5,392		)	—			(5,392		)
Common stock repurchase program	—			—		—			—			(11,206		)	—			(11,206		)
Common stock warrants repurchased	—			—		(163		)	—			—			—			(163		)
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	122,710		$	937	$	1,125,377		$	1,392,500		$	(76,742	)	$	(53,153	)	$	2,511,629

(In thousands, except per share data)	Preferred Stock			Common Stock		Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock, at cost			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax			Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	151,649		$	936	$	1,127,534		$	1,202,251		$	(103,294	)	$	(56,261	)	$	2,322,815
Net income	—			—		—			152,917			—			—			152,917
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—			—		—			—			—			(3,258		)	(3,258		)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock $0.66 per share	—			—		87			(60,236		)	—			—			(60,149		)
Dividends on Series A preferred stock $21.25 per share	—			—		—			(615		)	—			—			(615		)
Dividends on Series E preferred stock $1,200.00 per share	—			—		—			(6,072		)	—			—			(6,072		)
Preferred stock conversion	(28,939		)	—		(3,429		)	—			32,368			—			—
Stock-based compensation, net of tax impact	—			—		2,778			(828		)	8,454			—			10,404
Exercise of stock options	—			—		(2,124		)	—			4,686			—			2,562
Common shares acquired related to stock compensation plan activity	—			—		—			—			(4,316		)	—			(4,316		)
Common stock repurchase program	—			—		—			—			(12,564		)	—			(12,564		)
Common stock warrants repurchased	—			—		(23		)	—			—			—			(23		)
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	122,710		$	936	$	1,124,823		$	1,287,417		$	(74,666	)	$	(59,519	)	$	2,401,701

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)



	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015
Operating Activities:
Net income	$	149,467		$	152,917
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan and lease losses	43,850			35,500
Deferred tax expense (benefit)	14,425			(7,272		)
Depreciation and amortization	27,342			25,991
Amortization of earning assets and funding, premiums/discounts, net	42,855			41,704
Stock-based compensation	8,558			8,283
Gain on sale, net of write-down, on foreclosed and repossessed assets	(744		)	(69		)
Gain on sale, net of write-down, on premises and equipment	(713		)	(249		)
Impairment loss on securities recognized in earnings	149			82
Gain on the sale of investment securities, net	(414		)	(529		)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies	(11,060		)	(9,637		)
Mortgage banking activities	(8,850		)	(5,519		)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale	298,840			352,300
Origination of loans held for sale	(320,739		)	(351,236		)
Derivative contract assets and liabilities	(73,765		)	(33,775		)
Net decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable and other assets	48,136			(23,338		)
Net decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities	(30,419		)	(2,801		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	186,918			182,352
Investing Activities:
Net decrease in interest-bearing deposits	133,969			113,438
Purchases of available for sale securities	(615,174		)	(737,184		)
Proceeds from maturities and principal payments of available for sale securities	430,099			452,397
Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities	259,283			65,643
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities	(640,218		)	(639,699		)
Proceeds from maturities and principal payments of held-to-maturity securities	517,513			538,772
Net proceeds of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	3,243			9,010
Net increase in loans	(1,010,423		)	(1,345,816		)
Proceeds from sale of loans not originated for sale	20,764			33,100
Proceeds from life insurance policies	—			3,912
Proceeds from the sale of foreclosed and repossessed assets	6,900			7,783
Proceeds from the sale of premises and equipment	1,550			650
Purchases of premises and equipment	(31,250		)	(26,801		)
Acquisition of business, net cash acquired	—			1,396,414
Net cash used for investing activities	(923,744		)	(128,381		)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited), continued



	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015
Financing Activities:
Net increase in deposits	1,248,710			484,568
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances	14,150,000			9,100,000
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances	(14,226,147		)	(9,350,209		)
Net decrease in securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	(350,695		)	(248,738		)
Dividends paid to common shareholders	(66,648		)	(59,890		)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders	(6,072		)	(6,687		)
Exercise of stock options	2,372			2,562
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation	2,363			2,131
Common shares acquired related to stock compensation plan activity	(5,392		)	(4,316		)
Common stock repurchase program	(11,206		)	(12,564		)
Common stock warrants repurchased	(163		)	(23		)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	737,122			(93,166		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks	296			(39,195		)
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period	199,693			213,914
Cash and due from banks at end of period	$	199,989		$	174,719

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	79,054		$	73,283
Income taxes paid	61,639			79,564
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Transfer of loans from portfolio to loans-held-for-sale	$	20,547		$	186
Transfer of loans and leases to foreclosed properties and repossessed assets	4,917			6,582
Deposits assumed in business acquisition	—			1,446,899
Preferred stock conversion	—			28,939

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

Webster Financial Corporation is a bank holding company and financial holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, incorporated under the laws of Delaware in 1986 and headquartered in Waterbury, Connecticut. At September 30, 2016, Webster Financial Corporation's principal asset is all of the outstanding capital stock of Webster Bank.

Webster, through Webster Bank and various non-banking financial services subsidiaries, delivers financial services to individuals, families, and businesses primarily from New York to Massachusetts. Webster provides business and consumer banking, mortgage lending, financial planning, trust, and investment services through banking offices, ATMs, telephone banking, mobile banking, and its internet website (www.websterbank.com or www.wbst.com). Webster also offers equipment financing, commercial real estate lending, and asset-based lending primarily across the Northeast. HSA Bank, offers and administers health savings accounts, flexible spending accounts, health reimbursement accounts, and commuter benefits on a nationwide basis.

Basis of Presentation

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company that materially affect its financial statements conform with GAAP. The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, and notes thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2015, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 29, 2016.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as income and expense during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or any future period.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation. These reclassifications had an immaterial effect on total assets, total liabilities, net cash provided by operating activities, net cash used for investing activities, and net cash provided by financing activities.

Correction of Immaterial Error Related to Prior Periods

The Company identified an immaterial error relating to the accounting for cash collateral associated with derivative instruments, as previously reported in the Company's March 31, 2016 Form 10-Q quarterly report, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2016. The impact of this previously reported error to the net cash provided by operating activities within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows was a $29.5 million decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

The Company identified an immaterial error relating to the reporting of certain fee accruals and certain expenses within the Company's HSA Bank segment, as previously reported in the Company's June 30, 2016 Form 10-Q quarterly report, filed with the SEC on August 9, 2016. The impact of this previously reported error to net income within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was a $0.8 million decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Significant Accounting Policy Updates

Loans Held For Sale. Effective January 1, 2016, on a loan by loan election, residential mortgage loans that are classified as held for sale are accounted for under either the fair value option method of accounting or the lower of cost or fair value method of accounting with the election being made at the time the asset is first recognized. The Company has elected the fair value option to mitigate accounting mismatches between held for sale derivative commitments and loan valuations. Prior to January 1, 2016, residential mortgage loans that were classified as held for sale were accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value method of accounting and were valued on an individual asset basis. Loans not originated for sale but subsequently transferred to held for sale continue to be valued at the lower of cost or fair value method of accounting and are valued on an individual asset basis.

Accounting Standards Adopted during 2016

Effective January 1, 2016, the following new accounting guidance was adopted by the Company:


•	ASU No. 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810) - Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis;


•	ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) - Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs;


•	ASU No. 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Disclosures for investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or its Equivalent) (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force); and


•	ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805) - Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement - Period Adjustments.

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The adoption of these accounting standards did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements; however, additional disclosures of VIEs are included in Note 3: Variable Interest Entities. The Company did not identify any additional investments requiring consolidation as a result of ASU No. 2015-02.

Accounting Standards Issued but not yet Adopted

The following table identifies ASUs applicable to the Company that have been issued by the FASB but are not yet effective:



ASU	Description	Effective Date and Financial Statement Impact
ASU No. 2016-16 - Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.	The update addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The Update addresses the following eight issues: Debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; distributions received from equity method investees; beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2019. Adoption is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
ASU No. 2016-13 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.	Current GAAP requires an "incurred loss" methodology for recognizing credit losses that delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred. Both financial institutions and users of their financial statements expressed concern that current GAAP restricts the ability to record credit losses that are expected, but do not yet meet the "probable" threshold. The main objective of this Update is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. To achieve this objective, the amendments in this Update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to determine credit loss estimates.	The Change from an "incurred loss" method to an "expected loss" method represents a fundamental shift from existing GAAP, and may result in material changes to the Company's accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The Company is evaluating the effect that this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures. The ASU will be effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020.
ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Improvements to Employee Share Based Payment Accounting.	The Update impacts the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. In addition, the amendments in this Update eliminates the guidance in Topic 718 that was indefinitely deferred shortly after the issuance of FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2017 and is in the process of assessing the impact on its financial statements.
ASU No. 2016-06, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments.	The Update clarifies the requirements for assessing whether contingent call (put) options that can accelerate the payment of principal on debt instruments are clearly and closely related to their debt hosts. The Update requires the assessment of embedded call (put) options solely in accordance with the four-step decision sequence.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2017. Adoption is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).	The Update introduces a lessee model that brings most leases on the balance sheet. The Update also aligns certain of the underlying principles of the new lessor model with those in ASC 606 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", the FASB’s new revenue recognition standard (e.g., evaluating how collectability should be considered and determining when profit can be recognized). Furthermore, the Update addresses other concerns including the elimination of the required use of bright-line tests for determining lease classification. Lessors are required to provide additional transparency into the exposure to the changes in value of their residual assets and how they manage that exposure.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2019 and is in the process of assessing the impact on its financial statements.

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ASU	Description	Effective Date and Financial Statement Impact
ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10) - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.	Equity investments not accounted for under the equity method or those that do not result in consolidation of the investee are to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. Entities are to present separately in other comprehensive income, the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when an election to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments has been made. Also, the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet has been eliminated.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2018 and is in the process of assessing the impact on its financial statements.
ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)	A single comprehensive model has been established for an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled, and will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance, and clarify and converge revenue recognition principles under GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. The five steps to recognizing revenue: (i) identify the contracts with the customer; (ii) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations; and (v) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. The most significant potential impact to banking entities relates to less prescriptive derecognition requirements on the sale of owned real estate properties. An entity may elect either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective application. ASU No. 2015-14 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), defers the effective date to annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.	The Company intends to adopt the Update for the first quarter of 2018. Adoption is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

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Note 2: Investment Securities

A summary of the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities is presented below:



	At September 30, 2016									At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury Bills	$	985	$	—	$	—		$	985	$	924	$	—	$	—		$	924
Agency CMO	457,768		7,453		(1,491		)	463,730		546,168		5,532		(2,946		)	548,754
Agency MBS	992,742		11,051		(2,779		)	1,001,014		1,075,941		6,459		(17,291		)	1,065,109
Agency CMBS	481,079		3,435		(106		)	484,408		215,670		639		(959		)	215,350
CMBS	465,120		4,794		(1,553		)	468,361		574,686		7,485		(2,905		)	579,266
CLO	481,555		3,132		(451		)	484,236		431,837		592		(3,270		)	429,159
Single issuer trust preferred securities	42,312		63		(4,264		)	38,111		42,168		—		(4,998		)	37,170
Corporate debt securities	97,149		2,117		—			99,266		104,031		2,290		—			106,321
Equities - financial services	—		—		—			—		3,499		—		(921		)	2,578
Securities available-for-sale	$	3,018,710	$	32,045	$	(10,644	)	$	3,040,111	$	2,994,924	$	22,997	$	(33,290	)	$	2,984,631
Held-to-maturity:
Agency CMO	$	371,700	$	4,353	$	(890	)	$	375,163	$	407,494	$	3,717	$	(2,058	)	$	409,153
Agency MBS	2,072,481		48,397		(1,544		)	2,119,334		2,030,176		38,813		(19,908		)	2,049,081
Agency CMBS	624,403		14,449		—			638,852		686,086		4,253		(325		)	690,014
Municipal bonds and notes	610,690		13,658		(1,682		)	622,666		435,905		12,019		(417		)	447,507
CMBS	341,019		10,935		(80		)	351,874		360,018		5,046		(2,704		)	362,360
Private Label MBS	2,039		15		—			2,054		3,373		46		—			3,419
Securities held-to-maturity	$	4,022,332	$	91,807	$	(4,196	)	$	4,109,943	$	3,923,052	$	63,894	$	(25,412	)	$	3,961,534

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

The balance of OTTI, included in the amortized cost columns above, is related to certain CLO positions that were previously considered Covered Funds as defined by Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly known as the Volcker Rule. The Company has taken certain legal measures intended to bring CLO into conformance with the Volcker rule.

To the extent that changes occur in interest rates, credit movements, and other factors that impact fair value and expected recovery of amortized cost of its investment securities, the Company may be required to recognize OTTI in earnings, in future periods.

The following table presents the changes in OTTI:



	Three months ended September 30,					Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015		2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	3,437		$	3,178	$	3,288		$	3,696
Reduction for securities sold or called	(30		)	—		(30		)	(518		)
Additions for OTTI not previously recognized in earnings	—			82		149			82
Ending balance	$	3,407		$	3,260	$	3,407		$	3,260

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Fair Value and Unrealized Losses

The following tables provide information on fair value and unrealized losses for the individual securities with an unrealized loss, aggregated by investment security type and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:



	At September 30, 2016
	Less Than Twelve Months					Twelve Months or Longer					Total
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			# of Holdings	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Available-for-sale:
Agency CMO	$	22,888	$	(337	)	$	71,140	$	(1,154	)	7	$	94,028	$	(1,491	)
Agency MBS	26,917		(48		)	274,866		(2,731		)	48	301,783		(2,779		)
Agency CMBS	78,572		(106		)	—		—			6	78,572		(106		)
CMBS	34,741		(382		)	126,244		(1,171		)	24	160,985		(1,553		)
CLO	9,780		(28		)	69,708		(423		)	4	79,488		(451		)
Single issuer trust preferred securities	—		—			33,812		(4,264		)	7	33,812		(4,264		)
Equities - financial services	—		—			—		—			—	—		—
Total available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position	$	172,898	$	(901	)	$	575,770	$	(9,743	)	96	$	748,668	$	(10,644	)
Held-to-maturity:
Agency CMO	$	77,555	$	(661	)	$	18,814	$	(229	)	8	$	96,369	$	(890	)
Agency MBS	86,133		(88		)	297,018		(1,456		)	30	383,151		(1,544		)
Agency CMBS	—		—			—		—			—	—		—
Municipal bonds and notes	106,453		(1,663		)	3,359		(19		)	45	109,812		(1,682		)
CMBS	27,773		(80		)	—		—			5	27,773		(80		)
Total held-to-maturity in an unrealized loss position	$	297,914	$	(2,492	)	$	319,191	$	(1,704	)	88	$	617,105	$	(4,196	)



	At December 31, 2015
	Less Than Twelve Months					Twelve Months or Longer					Total
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			# of Holdings	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Available-for-sale:
Agency CMO	$	195,369	$	(2,195	)	$	26,039	$	(751	)	14	$	221,408	$	(2,946	)
Agency MBS	481,839		(6,386		)	351,911		(10,905		)	84	833,750		(17,291		)
Agency CMBS	124,241		(959		)	—		—			7	124,241		(959		)
CMBS	276,330		(2,879		)	19,382		(26		)	29	295,712		(2,905		)
CLO	211,515		(2,709		)	15,708		(561		)	13	227,223		(3,270		)
Single issuer trust preferred securities	4,087		(128		)	33,083		(4,870		)	8	37,170		(4,998		)
Equities - financial services	2,578		(921		)	—		—			1	2,578		(921		)
Total available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position	$	1,295,959	$	(16,177	)	$	446,123	$	(17,113	)	156	$	1,742,082	$	(33,290	)
Held-to-maturity:
Agency CMO	$	143,364	$	(1,304	)	$	27,928	$	(754	)	13	$	171,292	$	(2,058	)
Agency MBS	551,918		(7,089		)	470,828		(12,819		)	87	1,022,746		(19,908		)
Agency CMBS	110,864		(325		)	—		—			7	110,864		(325		)
Municipal bonds and notes	29,034		(130		)	13,829		(287		)	27	42,863		(417		)
CMBS	142,382		(1,983		)	30,129		(721		)	18	172,511		(2,704		)
Total held-to-maturity in an unrealized loss position	$	977,562	$	(10,831	)	$	542,714	$	(14,581	)	152	$	1,520,276	$	(25,412	)

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Impairment Analysis

The following impairment analysis by investment security type, summarizes the basis for evaluating if investment securities within the Company’s available-for-sale and held-to-maturity portfolios have been impacted by OTTI. Unless otherwise noted for an investment security type, management does not intend to sell these investments and has determined, based upon available evidence, that it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost. As such, based on the following impairment analysis, the Company does not consider these securities, in unrealized loss positions, to exhibit OTTI at September 30, 2016.

Available-for-Sale Securities

Agency CMO. There were unrealized losses of $1.5 million on the Company’s investment in Agency CMO at September 30, 2016 compared to $2.9 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates which resulted in higher security prices at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. These investments are issued by a government agency or a government-sponsored agency and, therefore, are backed by certain government guarantees, either direct or indirect. The contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected, and there has been no change in the underlying credit quality.

Agency MBS. There were unrealized losses of $2.8 million on the Company’s investment in Agency MBS at September 30, 2016 compared to $17.3 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates which resulted in higher security prices at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. These investments are issued by a government agency or a government-sponsored agency and, therefore, are backed by certain government guarantees, either direct or indirect. The contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected, and there has been no change in the underlying credit quality.

Agency CMBS. There were unrealized losses of $106 thousand on the Company's investment in commercial mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies at September 30, 2016, compared to $1.0 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates which resulted in higher security prices since December 31, 2015.

CMBS. There were unrealized losses of $1.6 million on the Company’s investment in CMBS at September 30, 2016 compared to $2.9 million at December 31, 2015. The portfolio of mainly floating rate CMBS experienced decreased market spreads which resulted in higher market prices and smaller unrealized losses at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. Internal and external metrics are considered when evaluating potential OTTI. Internal stress tests are performed on individual bonds to monitor potential losses under stress scenarios. Contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected.

CLO. There were unrealized losses of $0.5 million on the Company's investment in CLO at September 30, 2016 compared to $3.3 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market spreads for the CLO portfolio at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. Contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected. The Company has taken certain legal measures intended to bring CLO into conformance with the Volcker rule.

Single Issuer Trust Preferred Securities. There were unrealized losses of $4.3 million on the Company's investment in single issuer trust preferred securities at September 30, 2016 compared to $5.0 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market spreads for this asset class, which resulted in higher security prices compared to December 31, 2015. The single issuer trust preferred securities portfolio consists of four floating rate investments issued by three large capitalization money center financial institutions, which continue to service the debt. The Company performs periodic credit reviews of the issuer to assess the likelihood for ultimate recovery of amortized cost.

Held-to-Maturity Securities

Agency CMO. There were unrealized losses of $0.9 million on the Company’s investment in Agency CMO at September 30, 2016 compared to $2.1 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates which resulted in higher security prices at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. These investments are issued by a government agency or a government-sponsored agency and, therefore, are backed by certain government guarantees, either direct or indirect. The contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected, and there has been no change in the underlying credit quality.

Agency MBS. There were unrealized losses of $1.5 million on the Company’s investment in Agency MBS at September 30, 2016 compared to $19.9 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates which resulted in higher security prices at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. These investments are issued by a government agency or a government-sponsored agency and, therefore, are backed by certain government guarantees, either direct or indirect. There has been no change in the underlying credit quality, and the contractual cash flows are performing as expected.

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Municipal Bonds and Notes. There were unrealized losses of $1.7 million on the Company’s investment in municipal bonds and notes at September 30, 2016, compared to $417 thousand at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses increased due to higher market rates primarily on current year to date purchases. The Company performs periodic credit reviews of the issuers and the securities are currently performing as expected.

CMBS. There were unrealized losses of $80 thousand on the Company’s investment in CMBS at September 30, 2016 compared to $2.7 million at December 31, 2015. Unrealized losses decreased due to lower market rates on mainly seasoned fixed rate conduit transactions, which resulted in higher security prices at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. Internal and external metrics are considered when evaluating potential OTTI. Internal stress tests are performed on individual bonds to monitor potential losses under stress scenarios. The contractual cash flows for these investments are performing as expected.

Sales of Available-for Sale Securities

The following table provides information on sales of available-for-sale securities:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Proceeds from sales	$	—	$	2,500	$	259,273	$	37,465

Gross realized gains on sales	$	—	$	—	$	2,891	$	529
Less: Gross realized losses on sales	—		—		2,477		—
Gain on sale of investment securities, net	$	—	$	—	$	414	$	529

Contractual Maturities

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity are set forth below:



	At September 30, 2016

	Available-for-Sale				Held-to-Maturity
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	60,737	$	61,771	$	7,988	$	8,034
Due after one year through five years	37,397		38,479		19,980		20,376
Due after five through ten years	572,461		575,465		36,758		37,932
Due after ten years	2,348,115		2,364,396		3,957,606		4,043,601
Total debt securities	$	3,018,710	$	3,040,111	$	4,022,332	$	4,109,943

For the maturity schedule above, mortgage-backed securities and CLO, which are not due at a single maturity date, have been categorized based on the maturity date of the underlying collateral. Actual principal cash flows may differ from this maturity date presentation as borrowers have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties. At September 30, 2016, the Company had a carrying value of $1.2 billion in callable securities in its CMBS, CLO, and municipal bond portfolios. The Company considers prepayment risk in the evaluation of its interest rate risk profile. These maturities do not reflect actual durations which are impacted by prepayments.

Securities with a carrying value totaling $2.7 billion at September 30, 2016 and $2.6 billion at December 31, 2015 were pledged to secure public funds, trust deposits, repurchase agreements, and for other purposes, as required or permitted by law.

Note 3: Variable Interest Entities

A VIE is an entity that has either a total equity investment that is insufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or whose equity investors lack the ability to control the entity’s activities or lack the ability to receive expected benefits or absorb obligations in a manner that’s consistent with their investment in the entity. The Company evaluates each VIE to understand the purpose and design of the entity, and its involvement in the ongoing activities of the VIE.

The Company will consolidate the VIE if it has:


•	the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE's economic performance; and


•	an obligation to absorb losses of the VIE, or the right to receive benefits from the VIE, that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

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Consolidated

Rabbi Trust. The Company has established a Rabbi Trust related to a deferred compensation plan offered to certain employees. Investments held in the Rabbi Trust primarily consist of mutual funds that invest in equity and fixed income securities. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of the Rabbi Trust as it has the power to direct the underlying investments made by the trust as well as make funding decisions related to the trust and it has the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Company consolidates the invested assets of the trust along with the total deferred compensation obligations and includes them in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Earnings in the Rabbi Trust, including appreciation or depreciation, are reflected as other non-interest income, and changes in the corresponding liability are reflected as compensation and benefits, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The cost and fair value associated with the assets and liabilities of this trust are not significant. Refer to Note 13: Fair Value Measurements for additional information.

Non-Consolidated

Securitized Investments. The Company, through normal investment activities, makes passive investments in securities issued by a VIE for which the Company is not the manager. These securities consist of Agency CMO, Agency MBS, Agency CMBS, CLO and single issuer trust preferred securities. The Company has not provided financial or other support with respect to these investments other than its original investment. For these investments, the Company determined it is not the primary beneficiary due to the relative size of the Company’s investment in comparison to the principal amount of the structured securities issued by the VIE, the level of credit subordination which reduces the Company’s obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits and the Company’s inability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these investments is limited to the amount of the Company’s investment. Refer to Note 2: Investment Securities for additional information.

Tax Credit - Finance Investments. The Company makes equity investments in entities that finance affordable housing and other community development projects and provide a return primarily through the realization of tax benefits. In most instances the investments require the funding of capital commitments in the future. While the Company's investment in an entity may exceed 50% of its outstanding equity interests, the entity is not consolidated as Webster is not involved in its management. For these investments, the Company determined it is not the primary beneficiary due to its inability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE.

The Company's tax credit-finance investments had an aggregate carrying value of $23.5 million and $25.9 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, unfunded obligations, which are recognized as a component of accrued expenses and other liabilities, were $14.4 million and $16.5 million, respectively.

Webster Statutory Trust. The Company owns all of the outstanding common stock of Webster Statutory Trust, which is a financial vehicle that has issued, and may issue in the future, trust preferred securities. The trust is a VIE in which the Company is not the primary beneficiary and therefore, is not consolidated. The trust's only assets are junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company, which were acquired by the trust using the proceeds from the issuance of the trust preferred securities and common stock. The junior subordinated debentures are included in long-term debt and the Company’s equity interest in the trust is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures is reported as interest expense on long-term debt in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other Investments. The Company invests in various alternative investments in which it holds a variable interest. Alternative investments are non-public entities which cannot be redeemed since the Company’s investment is distributed as the underlying investments are liquidated. For these investments, the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary due to its inability to direct the activities that most significantly impacts the economic performance of the VIE.

The Company's other investments in VIEs had an aggregate carrying value of $12.5 million and $12.1 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and the total exposure of the Company's other investments in VIEs, including unfunded commitments, were $20.6 million and $19.0 million, respectively.

For a further description of the Company's accounting policies regarding the consolidation of a VIE, refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in its 2015 Form 10-K.

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Note 4: Loans and Leases

The following table summarizes loans and leases:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Residential	$	4,234,047	$	4,061,001
Consumer	2,707,343		2,702,560
Commercial	4,779,802		4,315,999
Commercial Real Estate	4,280,513		3,991,649
Equipment Financing	621,696		600,526
Loans and leases ^{(1) (2)}	$	16,623,401	$	15,671,735


(1)	Loans and leases include net deferred fees and net premiums/discounts of $19.7 million and $18.0 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.


(2)	At September 30, 2016, the Company had pledged $6.4 billion of eligible residential and consumer loans as collateral to support borrowing capacity at the FHLB Boston and the FRB of Boston.

Loans and Leases Portfolio Aging

The following tables summarize the aging of loans and leases:



	At September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due and Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due and Accruing		90 or More Days Past Due and Accruing		Non-accrual		Total Past Due and Non-accrual		Current		Total Loans and Leases
Residential	$	7,547	$	3,547	$	—	$	49,197	$	60,291	$	4,173,756	$	4,234,047
Consumer:
Home equity	7,627		4,746		—		35,597		47,970		2,371,700		2,419,670
Other consumer	1,757		1,354		—		1,571		4,682		282,991		287,673
Commercial:
Commercial non-mortgage	1,949		576		23		27,397		29,945		3,946,986		3,976,931
Asset-based	—		—		—		—		—		802,871		802,871
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	1,082		148		5,444		10,957		17,631		3,933,588		3,951,219
Commercial construction	—		—		—		3,438		3,438		325,856		329,294
Equipment financing	3,164		313		—		202		3,679		618,017		621,696
Total	$	23,126	$	10,684	$	5,467	$	128,359	$	167,636	$	16,455,765	$	16,623,401



	At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due and Accruing		60-89 Days Past Due and Accruing		90 or More Days Past Due and Accruing		Non-accrual		Total Past Due and Non-accrual		Current		Total Loans and Leases
Residential	$	10,365	$	4,703	$	2,029	$	54,201	$	71,298	$	3,989,703	$	4,061,001
Consumer:
Home equity	9,061		4,242		—		37,337		50,640		2,402,758		2,453,398
Other consumer	1,390		615		—		560		2,565		246,597		249,162
Commercial:
Commercial non-mortgage	768		3,288		22		27,037		31,115		3,531,669		3,562,784
Asset-based	—		—		—		—		—		753,215		753,215
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	1,624		625		—		16,767		19,016		3,673,408		3,692,424
Commercial construction	—		—		—		3,461		3,461		295,764		299,225
Equipment financing	543		59		—		706		1,308		599,218		600,526
Total	$	23,751	$	13,532	$	2,051	$	140,069	$	179,403	$	15,492,332	$	15,671,735

Interest on non-accrual loans and leases that would have been recorded as additional interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, had the loans and leases been current in accordance with their original terms, totaled $3.7 million, $8.4 million, $2.6 million and $6.3 million, respectively.

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Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The following tables summarize the ALLL:



	At or for the three months ended September 30, 2016
	Residential			Consumer			Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Equipment Financing			Total
ALLL:
Balance, beginning of period	$	24,413		$	42,956		$	73,822		$	33,622	$	5,615		$	180,428
Provision (benefit) charged to expense	1,076			4,985			4,351			2,953		885			14,250
Charge-offs	(1,304		)	(5,259		)	(2,561		)	—		(300		)	(9,424		)
Recoveries	554			1,313			370			194		240			2,671
Balance, end of period	$	24,739		$	43,995		$	75,982		$	36,769	$	6,440		$	187,925



	At or for the three months ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)	Residential			Consumer			Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Equipment Financing			Total
ALLL:
Balance, beginning of period	$	24,463		$	40,807		$	66,241		$	30,768		$	5,581		$	167,860
Provision (benefit) charged to expense	1,150			6,864			3,089			1,961			(64		)	13,000
Charge-offs	(1,588		)	(4,831		)	(2,204		)	(1,346		)	—			(9,969		)
Recoveries	281			1,004			715			69			32			2,101
Balance, end of period	$	24,306		$	43,844		$	67,841		$	31,452		$	5,549		$	172,992



	At or for the nine months ended September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Residential			Consumer			Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Equipment Financing			Total
ALLL:
Balance, beginning of period	$	25,876		$	42,052		$	66,686		$	34,889		$	5,487		$	174,990
Provision (benefit) charged to expense	991			12,458			25,447			3,921			1,033			43,850
Charge-offs	(3,536		)	(14,236		)	(17,294		)	(2,521		)	(521		)	(38,108		)
Recoveries	1,408			3,721			1,143			480			441			7,193
Balance, end of period	$	24,739		$	43,995		$	75,982		$	36,769		$	6,440		$	187,925
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	9,443		$	3,005		$	6,579		$	467		$	9		$	19,503
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	15,296		$	40,990		$	69,403		$	36,302		$	6,431		$	168,422

Loan and lease balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	122,020		$	46,208		$	58,197		$	24,423		$	6,863		$	257,711
Collectively evaluated for impairment	4,112,027			2,661,135			4,721,605			4,256,090			614,833			16,365,690
Loans and leases	$	4,234,047		$	2,707,343		$	4,779,802		$	4,280,513		$	621,696		$	16,623,401



	At or for the nine months ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)	Residential			Consumer			Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Equipment Financing			Total
ALLL:
Balance, beginning of period	$	25,452		$	43,518		$	52,114		$	32,102		$	6,078		$	159,264
Provision (benefit) charged to expense	3,100			10,091			18,468			4,617			(776		)	35,500
Charge-offs	(5,004		)	(12,980		)	(5,000		)	(5,590		)	(30		)	(28,604		)
Recoveries	758			3,215			2,259			323			277			6,832
Balance, end of period	$	24,306		$	43,844		$	67,841		$	31,452		$	5,549		$	172,992
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	10,773		$	3,540		$	11,478		$	4,527		$	5		$	30,323
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	13,533		$	40,304		$	56,363		$	26,925		$	5,544		$	142,669

Loan and lease balances:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	138,227		$	46,455		$	54,522		$	41,598		$	102		$	280,904
Collectively evaluated for impairment	3,877,612			2,604,247			4,085,457			3,815,557			552,748			14,935,621
Loans and leases	$	4,015,839		$	2,650,702		$	4,139,979		$	3,857,155		$	552,850		$	15,216,525

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Impaired Loans and Leases

The following tables summarize impaired loans and leases:



	At September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Total Recorded Investment		Recorded Investment No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Related Valuation Allowance
Residential	$	134,026	$	122,020	$	21,404	$	100,616	$	9,443
Consumer	52,516		46,208		23,612		22,596		3,005
Commercial	64,537		58,197		25,720		32,477		6,579
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	20,823		20,044		9,156		10,888		467
Commercial construction	4,911		4,379		4,379		—		—
Equipment financing	6,901		6,863		6,638		225		9
Total	$	283,714	$	257,711	$	90,909	$	166,802	$	19,503



	At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Unpaid Principal Balance		Total Recorded Investment		Recorded Investment No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Related Valuation Allowance
Residential	$	148,144	$	134,448	$	23,024	$	111,424	$	10,364
Consumer	56,680		48,425		25,130		23,295		3,477
Commercial	67,116		56,581		31,600		24,981		5,197
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	36,980		33,333		9,204		24,129		3,160
Commercial construction	7,010		5,962		5,939		23		3
Equipment financing	612		422		328		94		3
Total	$	316,542	$	279,171	$	95,225	$	183,946	$	22,204

The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for impaired loans and leases:



	Three months ended September 30,												Nine months ended September 30,
	2016						2015						2016						2015
(In thousands)	Average Recorded Investment		Accrued Interest Income		Cash Basis Interest Income		Average Recorded Investment		Accrued Interest Income		Cash Basis Interest Income		Average Recorded Investment		Accrued Interest Income		Cash Basis Interest Income		Average Recorded Investment		Accrued Interest Income		Cash Basis Interest Income
Residential	$	124,993	$	1,070	$	304	$	138,519	$	1,114	$	290	$	128,234	$	3,309	$	918	$	140,105	$	3,322	$	847
Consumer	46,892		336		238		47,787		371		271		47,317		1,029		754		48,352		1,094		827
Commercial	58,874		352		—		54,667		262		—		57,389		1,299		—		45,349		936		—
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	23,930		77		—		44,222		137		—		26,689		374		—		65,640		1,024		—
Commercial construction	4,386		12		—		6,059		33		—		5,171		81		—		6,068		99		—
Equipment financing	3,642		107		—		111		2		—		3,642		109		—		367		15		—
Total	$	262,717	$	1,954	$	542	$	291,365	$	1,919	$	561	$	268,442	$	6,201	$	1,672	$	305,881	$	6,490	$	1,674

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Credit Quality Indicators. To measure credit risk for the commercial, commercial real estate, and equipment financing portfolios, the Company employs a dual grade credit risk grading system for estimating the probability of borrower default and the loss given default. The credit risk grade system assigns a rating to each borrower and to the facility, which together form a CCRP. The credit risk grade system categorizes borrowers by common financial characteristics that measure the credit strength of borrowers and facilities by common structural characteristics. The CCRP has 10 grades, with each grade corresponding to a progressively greater risk of default. Grades 1 through 6 are considered pass ratings, and 7 through 10 are considered criticized, as defined by the regulatory agencies. Risk ratings, assigned to differentiate risk within the portfolio, are reviewed on an ongoing basis and revised to reflect changes in the borrowers’ current financial positions and outlooks, risk profiles, and the related collateral and structural positions. Loan officers review updated financial information on at least an annual basis for all pass rated loans to assess the accuracy of the risk grade. Criticized loans undergo more frequent reviews and enhanced monitoring.

A "Special Mention" (7) credit has the potential weakness that, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset. "Substandard" (8) assets have a well defined weakness that jeopardizes the full repayment of the debt. An asset rated "Doubtful" (9) has all of the same weaknesses as a substandard credit with the added characteristic that the weakness makes collection or liquidation in full, given current facts, conditions, and values, improbable. Assets classified as "Loss" (10) in accordance with regulatory guidelines are considered uncollectible and charged off.

The following table summarizes commercial, commercial real estate and equipment financing loans and leases segregated by risk rating exposure:



	Commercial				Commercial Real Estate				Equipment Financing
(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015		At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015		At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
(1) - (6) Pass	$	4,474,603	$	4,023,255	$	4,152,199	$	3,857,019	$	598,526	$	586,445
(7) Special Mention	93,767		70,904		36,588		55,030		25		1,628
(8) Substandard	207,059		220,389		91,726		79,289		23,145		12,453
(9) Doubtful	4,373		1,451		—		311		—		—
Total	$	4,779,802	$	4,315,999	$	4,280,513	$	3,991,649	$	621,696	$	600,526

For residential and consumer loans, the Company considers factors such as past due status, updated FICO scores, employment status, collateral, geography, loans discharged in bankruptcy, and the status of first lien position loans on second lien position loans as credit quality indicators. On an ongoing basis for portfolio monitoring purposes, the Company estimates the current value of property secured as collateral for both home equity and residential first mortgage lending products. The estimate is based on home price indices compiled by the S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Indices. The trend data is applied to the loan portfolios taking into account the age of the most recent valuation and geographic area.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The following table summarizes information for TDRs:



(Dollars in thousands)	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
Accrual status	$	161,853		$	171,784
Non-accrual status	74,147			100,906
Total recorded investment of TDRs⁽¹⁾	$	236,000		$	272,690
Accruing TDRs performing under modified terms more than one year	54.1		%	55.0		%
Specific reserves for TDRs included in the balance of ALLL	$	16,302		$	21,405
Additional funds committed to borrowers in TDR status	1,316			1,133

(1) Total recorded investment of TDRs excludes $0.8 million and $1.1 million of accrued interest receivable at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, Webster charged off $3.0 million, $17.9 million, $1.7 million and $7.6 million, respectively, for the portion of TDRs deemed to be uncollectible.

A TDR may be modified by means of extended maturity, below market adjusted interest rates, a combination of rate and maturity, or other means, including covenant modifications, forbearance, loans discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy, or other concessions.

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The following table provides information on the type of concession for loans and leases modified as TDRs:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾
(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾		Number of Loans and Leases	Post- Modification Recorded Investment⁽¹⁾
Residential:
Extended Maturity	4	$	967	4	$	998	11	$	1,969	19	$	3,301
Adjusted Interest Rate	1	292		1	160		2	528		2	464
Maturity/Rate Combined	3	290		4	1,006		10	1,185		18	3,138
Other ⁽²⁾	3	299		9	1,594		18	3,190		23	3,387
Consumer:
Extended Maturity	2	89		4	296		9	381		9	935
Adjusted Interest Rate	—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—
Maturity/Rate Combined	3	264		—	—		11	923		8	444
Other ⁽²⁾	8	270		20	1,357		37	1,447		50	3,087
Commercial:
Extended Maturity	2	213		—	—		11	14,862		3	256
Adjusted Interest Rate	—	—		—	—		—			1	24
Maturity/Rate Combined	—	—		1	74		2	648		5	371
Other ⁽²⁾	4	1,265		5	1,772		11	1,639		9	8,062
Commercial real estate:
Extended Maturity	1	109		1	315		1	109		1	315
Maturity/Rate Combined	1	291		—	—		2	335		1	43
Other ⁽²⁾	—	—		1	405		1	509		1	405
Equipment Financing
Extended Maturity	6	6,638		—	—		7	6,642		—	—
Total TDRs	38	$	10,987	50	$	7,977	133	$	34,367	150	$	24,232

(1) Post-modification balances approximate pre-modification balances. The aggregate amount of charge-offs as a result of the restructurings was not significant.

(2) Other includes covenant modifications, forbearance, loans discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy, or other concessions.

The following table provides information on loans and leases modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the periods presented:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Loans and Leases	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans and Leases	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans and Leases	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans and Leases	Recorded Investment
Residential	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—
Consumer	—	—		1	3		—	—		2	326
Commercial	—	—		1	9		—	—		1	9
Commercial real estate	—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—
Total	—	$	—	2	$	12	—	$	—	3	$	335

The recorded investment of TDRs in commercial, commercial real estate, and equipment financing segregated by risk rating exposure is as follows:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
(1) - (6) Pass	$	11,510	$	12,970
(7) Special Mention	7		2,999
(8) Substandard	52,658		72,132
(9) Doubtful	3,597		1,717
Total	$	67,772	$	89,818

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Note 5: Transfers of Financial Assets

The Company sells financial assets in the normal course of business, primarily residential mortgage loans sold to government-sponsored enterprises through established programs and securitizations. The gain or loss on residential mortgage loans sold and the fair value adjustment to loans held-for-sale are included as mortgage banking activities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Company may be required to repurchase a loan in the event of certain breaches of the representations and warranties, or in the event of default of the borrower within 90 days of sale, as provided for in the sale agreements. A reserve for loan repurchases provides for estimated losses pertaining to the potential repurchase of loans associated with the Company’s mortgage banking activities. The reserve reflects management’s evaluation of the identity of the counterparty, the vintage of the loans sold, the amount of open repurchase requests, specific loss estimates for each open request, the current level of loan losses in similar vintages held in the residential loan portfolio, and estimated recoveries on the underlying collateral. The reserve also reflects management’s expectation of losses from repurchase requests for which the Company has not yet been notified, as the performance of loans sold and the quality of the servicing provided by the acquirer also may impact the reserve. The provision recorded at the time of the loan sale is netted from the gain or loss recorded in mortgage banking activities, while any incremental provision, post loan sale, is recorded in other non-interest expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table provides a summary of activity in the reserve for loan repurchases:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	992	$	1,120	$	1,192		$	1,059
Provision (benefit) charged to expense	37		43		(64		)	104
Repurchased loans and settlements charged off	—		—		(99		)	—
Ending balance	$	1,029	$	1,163	$	1,029		$	1,163

The following table provides information for mortgage banking activities:



	Three months ended September 30,					Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015		2016		2015
Residential mortgage loans held for sale:
Proceeds from sale	$	128,268		$	143,801	$	298,840	$	352,300
Net gain on sale	3,324			1,441		6,749		5,519
Fair value option adjustment	(48		)	—		2,101		—
Loans sold with servicing rights retained	115,822			132,920		273,827		327,030

The Company has retained servicing rights on residential mortgage loans totaling $2.5 billion at both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Loan servicing fees, net of mortgage servicing rights amortization, were $0.3 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, and $0.9 million and $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and are included as a component of loan related fees in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

See Note 13: Fair Value Measurements for a further discussion on the fair value of loans held for sale and mortgage servicing assets.

Additionally, loans not originated for sale were sold at carrying value, for cash proceeds of $20.8 million for certain commercial loans and $33.1 million for certain consumer loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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Note 6: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

There was no change in the carrying amounts for goodwill since December 31, 2015. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, for information related to goodwill allocated by reportable segment.

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of CDI and customer relationships included in reportable segments are as follows:



	At September 30, 2016							At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Community Banking CDI	$	49,420	$	(49,420	)	$	—	$	49,420	$	(48,277	)	$	1,143
HSA Bank:
CDI	22,000		(5,484		)	16,516		22,000		(3,269		)	18,731
Customer relationships	21,000		(2,760		)	18,240		21,000		(1,548		)	19,452
Total HSA Bank	43,000		(8,244		)	34,756		43,000		(4,817		)	38,183
Total other intangible assets	$	92,420	$	(57,664	)	$	34,756	$	92,420	$	(53,094	)	$	39,326

As of September 30, 2016, the remaining estimated aggregate future amortization expense for intangible assets is as follows:



(In thousands)
Remainder of 2016	$	1,082
2017	4,062
2018	3,847
2019	3,847
2020	3,847
Thereafter	18,071

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Note 7: Deposits

A summary of deposits by type follows:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Non-interest-bearing:
Demand	$	3,993,750	$	3,713,063
Interest-bearing:
Checking	2,429,222		2,369,971
Health savings accounts	4,187,823		3,802,313
Money market	2,342,236		1,933,460
Savings	4,226,934		4,047,817
Time deposits	2,020,943		2,086,154
Total interest-bearing	15,207,158		14,239,715
Total deposits	$	19,200,908	$	17,952,778

Time deposits and interest-bearing checking, included in above balances, obtained through brokers	$	852,014	$	910,304
Time deposits, included in above balance, that meet or exceed the FDIC limit	481,884		542,206
Deposit overdrafts reclassified as loan balances	1,936		1,356

The scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016
Remainder of 2016	$	267,114
2017	670,946
2018	342,507
2019	473,697
2020	180,741
Thereafter	85,938
Total time deposits	$	2,020,943

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Note 8: Borrowings

Total borrowings of $3.6 billion at September 30, 2016 and $4.0 billion at December 31, 2015 are described in detail below.

The following table summarizes securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
Original maturity of one year or less	$	353,705	$	334,400
Original maturity of greater than one year, non-callable	400,000		500,000
Total securities sold under agreements to repurchase	753,705		834,400
Fed funds purchased	47,000		317,000
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	$	800,705	$	1,151,400

Repurchase agreements are used as a source of borrowed funds and are collateralized by U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities. Repurchase agreement counterparties are limited to primary dealers in government securities and commercial/municipal customers through Webster’s Treasury Unit. Dealer counterparties have the right to pledge, transfer, or hypothecate purchased securities during the term of the transaction. The Company has right of offset with respect to all repurchase agreement assets and liabilities. Total securities sold under agreements to repurchase represents the gross amount for these transactions, as only liabilities are outstanding for the periods presented.

The following table provides information for FHLB advances:



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Weighted- Average Contractual Coupon Rate		Amount		Weighted- Average Contractual Coupon Rate
Maturing within 1 year	$	1,875,000	0.50	%	$	2,025,934	0.55	%
After 1 but within 2 years	100,500		1.49		500		5.66
After 2 but within 3 years	133,731		1.34		200,000		1.36
After 3 but within 4 years	244,295		1.70		103,026		1.54
After 4 but within 5 years	75,000		1.51		175,000		1.77
After 5 years	159,442		1.82		159,655		1.60
	2,587,968		0.81	%	2,664,115		0.79	%
Premiums on advances	15				24
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	$	2,587,983			$	2,664,139

Aggregate carrying value of assets pledged as collateral	$	5,919,426			$	5,719,746
Remaining borrowing capacity	1,386,310				1,203,057

Webster Bank is in compliance with FHLB collateral requirements for the periods presented. Eligible collateral, primarily certain residential and commercial loans, has been pledged to secure FHLB advances.

The following table summarizes long-term debt:



(Dollars in thousands)		At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
4.375%	Senior fixed-rate notes due February 15, 2024	$	150,000		$	150,000
Junior subordinated debt Webster Statutory Trust I floating-rate notes due September 17, 2033 ⁽¹⁾		77,320			77,320
Total notes and subordinated debt		227,320			227,320
Discount on senior fixed-rate notes		(875		)	(964		)
Debt issuance cost on senior fixed-rate notes ⁽²⁾		(995		)	(1,096		)
Long-term debt		$	225,450		$	225,260


(1)	The interest rate on Webster Statutory Trust I floating-rate notes, which varies quarterly based on 3-month LIBOR plus 2.95%, was 3.81% at September 30, 2016 and 3.48% at December 31, 2015.


(2)	In accordance with the adoption of ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) - Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, debt issuance cost is accounted for as a reduction to long-term debt. Previously debt issuance cost was included in accrued interest receivable and other assets within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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Note 9: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax

The following tables summarize the changes in AOCL by component:



	Three months ended September 30, 2016											Nine months ended September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Available For Sale and Transferred Securities		Derivative Instruments			Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans			Total			Available For Sale and Transferred Securities			Derivative Instruments			Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans			Total
Beginning balance	$	12,363	$	(23,406	)	$	(46,468	)	$	(57,511	)	$	(6,407	)	$	(22,980	)	$	(48,719	)	$	(78,106	)
OCI/OCL before reclassifications	1,218		794			—			2,012			20,156			(2,416		)	—			17,740
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	—		1,221			1,125			2,346			(168		)	4,005			3,376			7,213
Net current-period OCI/OCL	1,218		2,015			1,125			4,358			19,988			1,589			3,376			24,953
Ending balance	$	13,581	$	(21,391	)	$	(45,343	)	$	(53,153	)	$	13,581		$	(21,391	)	$	(45,343	)	$	(53,153	)



	Three months ended September 30, 2015											Nine months ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)	Available For Sale and Transferred Securities		Derivative Instruments			Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans			Total			Available For Sale and Transferred Securities			Derivative Instruments			Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans			Total
Beginning balance	$	9,461	$	(24,969	)	$	(45,187	)	$	(60,695	)	$	16,421		$	(25,530	)	$	(47,152	)	$	(56,261	)
OCI/OCL before reclassifications	660		(1,998		)	—			(1,338		)	(5,964		)	(4,154		)	—			(10,118		)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	52		1,479			983			2,514			(284		)	4,196			2,948			6,860
Net current-period OCI/OCL	712		(519		)	983			1,176			(6,248		)	42			2,948			(3,258		)
Ending balance	$	10,173	$	(25,488	)	$	(44,204	)	$	(59,519	)	$	10,173		$	(25,488	)	$	(44,204	)	$	(59,519	)

The following tables provide information for the items reclassified from AOCL:



(In thousands)	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,						Associated Line Item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
AOCL Components	2016			2015			2016			2015

Available-for-sale and transferred securities:
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	$	—		$	—		$	414		$	529		Gain on sale of investment securities, net
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities	—			(82		)	(149		)	(82		)	Impairment loss recognized in earnings
Total before tax	—			(82		)	265			447
Tax benefit (expense)	—			30			(97		)	(163		)	Income tax expense
Net of tax	$	—		$	(52	)	$	168		$	284
Derivative instruments:
Cash flow hedges	$	(1,925	)	$	(2,332	)	$	(6,314	)	$	(6,616	)	Total interest expense
Tax benefit	704			853			2,309			2,420			Income tax expense
Net of tax	$	(1,221	)	$	(1,479	)	$	(4,005	)	$	(4,196	)
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans:
Amortization of net loss	$	(1,780	)	$	(1,540	)	$	(5,343	)	$	(4,621	)	Compensation and benefits (1)
Prior service costs	(4		)	(19		)	(11		)	(55		)	Compensation and benefits (1)
Total before tax	(1,784		)	(1,559		)	(5,354		)	(4,676		)
Tax benefit	659			576			1,978			1,728			Income tax expense
Net of tax	$	(1,125	)	$	(983	)	$	(3,376	)	$	(2,948	)

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Retirement Benefit note 14 for further details).

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Note 10: Regulatory Matters

Capital Requirements

Webster Financial Corporation is subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve System, while Webster Bank is subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the OCC. Regulatory authorities can initiate certain mandatory actions if Webster Financial Corporation or Webster Bank fail to meet minimum capital requirements, which could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, both Webster Financial Corporation and Webster Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. These quantitative measures require minimum amounts and ratios to ensure capital adequacy.

Basel III total risk-based capital is comprised of three categories: CET1 capital, additional Tier 1 capital, and Tier 2 capital. CET1 capital includes common shareholders' equity, less deductions for goodwill, other intangibles, and certain deferred tax liabilities. Common shareholders' equity, for purposes of CET1 capital, excludes AOCL components as permitted by the opt-out election taken by Webster upon adoption of Basel III. Tier 1 capital is comprised of CET1 capital plus perpetual preferred stock, while Tier 2 capital includes qualifying subordinated debt and qualifying allowance for credit losses, that together equal total capital.

The following table provides information on the capital ratios for Webster Financial Corporation and Webster Bank:



					Capital Requirements
	Actual				Minimum				Well Capitalized
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
At September 30, 2016
Webster Financial Corporation
CET1 risk-based capital	$	1,892,244	10.5	%	$	812,420	4.5	%	$	1,173,495	6.5	%
Total risk-based capital	2,282,690		12.6		1,444,302		8.0		1,805,377		10.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital	2,014,954		11.2		1,083,226		6.0		1,444,302		8.0
Tier 1 leverage capital	2,014,954		8.2		987,561		4.0		1,234,452		5.0
Webster Bank
CET1 risk-based capital	$	1,919,417	10.6	%	$	811,487	4.5	%	$	1,172,148	6.5	%
Total risk-based capital	2,109,833		11.7		1,442,643		8.0		1,803,304		10.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital	1,919,417		10.6		1,081,983		6.0		1,442,643		8.0
Tier 1 leverage capital	1,919,417		7.8		986,708		4.0		1,233,385		5.0
At December 31, 2015
Webster Financial Corporation
CET1 risk-based capital	$	1,824,106	10.7	%	$	766,848	4.5	%	$	1,107,670	6.5	%
Total risk-based capital	2,201,245		12.9		1,363,286		8.0		1,704,107		10.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital	1,966,146		11.5		1,022,464		6.0		1,363,286		8.0
Tier 1 leverage capital	1,966,146		8.2		954,369		4.0		1,192,962		5.0
Webster Bank
CET1 risk-based capital	$	1,869,241	11.0	%	$	765,152	4.5	%	$	1,105,220	6.5	%
Total risk-based capital	2,046,350		12.0		1,360,271		8.0		1,700,338		10.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital	1,869,241		11.0		1,020,203		6.0		1,360,271		8.0
Tier 1 leverage capital	1,869,241		7.8		953,300		4.0		1,191,626		5.0

Dividend Restrictions

Webster Financial Corporation is dependent upon dividends from Webster Bank to provide funds for its cash requirements,including payments of dividends to shareholders. Banking regulations may limit the amount of dividends that may be paid. Approval by regulatory authorities is required if the effect of dividends declared would cause the regulatory capital of Webster Bank to fall below specified minimum levels, or if dividends declared exceed the net income for that year combined with the undistributed net income for the preceding two years. In addition, the OCC has discretion to prohibit any otherwise permitted capital distribution on general safety and soundness grounds. Dividends paid by Webster Bank to Webster Financial Corporation totaled $115 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $80 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Cash Restrictions

Webster Bank is required by Federal Reserve System regulations to hold cash reserve balances on hand or with the Federal Reserve Bank. Pursuant to this requirement, Webster Bank held $63.8 million and $109.4 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

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Note 11: Earnings Per Common Share

Reconciliation of the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share follows:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Earnings for basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Net income	$	51,817	$	51,370	$	149,467	$	152,917
Less: Preferred stock dividends	2,024		2,024		6,072		6,687
Net income available to common shareholders	49,793		49,346		143,395		146,230
Less: Earnings applicable to participating securities	159		170		468		515
Earnings applicable to common shareholders	$	49,634	$	49,176	$	142,927	$	145,715

Shares:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic	91,365		91,458		91,298		90,816
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and restricted stock	465		512		452		532
Warrants	27		37		26		43
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted	91,857		92,007		91,776		91,391

Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.54	$	0.54	$	1.57	$	1.61
Diluted	0.54		0.53		1.56		1.60

Potential common shares excluded from the effect of dilutive securities because they would have been anti-dilutive, are as follows:



	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016	2015	2016	2015
Stock options (shares with exercise price greater than market price)	172	305	172	305
Restricted stock (due to performance conditions on non-participating shares)	—	52	161	93

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding includes the effect of 1.1 million common shares issued from treasury stock on June 1, 2015, representing the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. Prior to conversion, the Series A Preferred Stock was considered to be anti-dilutive. Refer to Note 15: Share-Based Plans for further information relating to potential common shares excluded from the effect of dilutive securities.

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Note 12: Derivative Financial Instruments

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

Webster manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its debt funding along with the use of interest rate derivative financial instruments. Webster enters into interest rate derivative financial instruments to manage exposure related to business activities that result in the receipt or payment of both future known and uncertain cash amounts determined by interest rates.

Webster’s primary objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, Webster uses interest rate swaps and interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps and caps designated as cash flow hedges are designed to manage the risk associated with a forecasted event or an uncertain variable-rate cash flow. Forward-settle interest rate swaps protect the Company against adverse fluctuations in interest rates by reducing its exposure to variability in cash flows relating to interest payments on forecasted debt issuances.

Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for payment of an up-front premium.

Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The effective portion of the change in the fair value of derivatives which are designated as cash flow hedges, and that qualify for hedge accounting, is recorded to AOCL and is reclassified into earnings in the subsequent periods that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the periods presented, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt and forecasted issuances of debt. The ineffective portion of the change in the fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded no ineffectiveness in earnings attributable to the difference in the effective date of the hedge and the effective date of the debt issuance.

Webster is also exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate obligations due to changes in benchmark interest rates. Webster, on occasion, uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these obligations attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rates. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for Webster making variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. For a qualifying derivative designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the gain or loss on the hedged item, is recognized in interest expense. Webster did not have interest rate derivative financial instruments designated as fair value hedges at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. As a result, there was no impact to interest expense during the periods presented.

Additionally, in order to address certain other risk management matters, the Company utilizes the following derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting. These derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized each period as other non-interest income in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Interest rate swap and cap contracts are sold to commercial and other customers who wish to modify loan interest rate sensitivity. These contracts are offset with dealer counterparty transactions structured with matching terms. As a result, there is minimal impact on earnings, except for fee income earned in such transactions.

RPAs are entered into as financial guarantees of performance on interest rate swap derivatives. The purchased (asset) or sold (liability) guarantee allows the Company to participate-in (for a fee received) or participate-out (for a fee paid) the risk associated with certain derivative positions executed with the borrower by a lead bank.

Other derivatives include foreign currency forward contracts related to lending arrangements, a VISA equity swap transaction, and mortgage banking derivatives such as mortgage-backed securities related to residential loan commitments and loans held for sale. Mortgage banking derivatives are utilized by Webster in its efforts to manage risk of loss associated with its mortgage loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale. Prior to closing and funding certain single-family residential mortgage loans interest rate lock commitments are generally extended to the borrowers. During the period from commitment date to closing date, Webster is subject to the risk that market rates of interest may change. If market rates rise, investors generally will pay less to purchase such loans causing a reduction in the anticipated gain on sale of the loans and possibly resulting in a loss. In an effort to mitigate such risk, forward delivery sales commitments are established under which Webster agrees to deliver whole mortgage loans to various investors or issue mortgage-backed securities. Mandatory forward commitments establish the price to be received upon the sale of the related mortgage loan, thereby mitigating certain interest rate risk. There is, however, still certain execution risk specifically related to Webster’s ability to close and deliver to its investors the mortgage loans it has committed to sell.

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Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

The following table presents the notional amounts and fair values of derivative positions:



	At September 30, 2016								At December 31, 2015
	Asset Derivatives				Liability Derivatives				Asset Derivatives				Liability Derivatives
(In thousands)	Notional Amounts		Fair Value		Notional Amounts		Fair Value		Notional Amounts		Fair Value		Notional Amounts		Fair Value
Designated as hedging instruments:
Positions subject to a master netting agreement ⁽¹⁾
Interest rate derivatives	$	175,000	$	768	$	150,000	$	3,433	$	200,000	$	2,507	$	100,000	$	1,359

Not designated as hedging instruments:
Positions subject to a master netting agreement ⁽¹⁾
Interest rate derivatives	472,750		236		2,320,222		91,262		989,695		2,255		1,543,479		40,302
Other	22,634		66		8,517		37		8,237		183		4,561		66
Positions not subject to a master netting agreement ⁽²⁾
Interest rate derivatives	2,388,726		116,645		404,272		125		2,050,460		58,304		482,738		571
RPAs	75,250		320		106,633		337		41,798		153		92,985		245
Mortgage banking derivatives ⁽³⁾	110,015		1,874		132,529		698		62,514		819		—		—
Other	—		—		60		10		—		—		60		9
Total not designated as hedging instruments	3,069,375		119,141		2,972,233		92,469		3,152,704		61,714		2,123,823		41,193
Gross derivative instruments, before netting	$	3,244,375	119,909		$	3,122,233	95,902		$	3,352,704	64,221		$	2,223,823	42,552
Less: Legally enforceable master netting agreements			1,070				1,070				4,945				4,945
Less: Cash collateral posted			—				93,662				—				31,330
Total derivative instruments, after netting			$	118,839			$	1,170			$	59,276			$	6,277


(1)	The Company has elected to report derivative positions subject to a legally enforceable master netting agreement on a net basis, net of cash collateral. Refer to the Offsetting Derivatives section of this footnote for additional information.


(2)	Derivative positions not subject to a legally enforceable master netting agreement are reported on a gross basis in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.


(3)	Notional amounts include mandatory forward commitments of $133.1 million, while notional amounts do not include approved floating rate commitments of $29.3 million, at September 30, 2016.

Changes in Fair Value

Changes in the fair value of derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting treatment were recognized as follows:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Interest rate derivatives	$	608		$	955		$	6,515		$	3,375
RPAs	110			—			(143		)	(118		)
Mortgage banking derivatives	720			(1,331		)	357			215
Other	(285		)	29			(582		)	(37		)
Total impact on other non-interest income	$	1,153		$	(347	)	$	6,147		$	3,435

Amounts for the effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting treatment are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on Webster's variable-rate debt. Over the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $2.1 million will be reclassified from AOCL as an increase to interest expense.

Webster records gains and losses related to hedge terminations to AOCL. These balances are subsequently amortized into interest expense over the respective terms of the hedged debt instruments. At September 30, 2016, the remaining unamortized loss on the termination of cash flow hedges is $22.9 million. Over the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $6.4 million will be reclassified from AOCL as an increase to interest expense.

Additional information about cash flow hedge activity impacting AOCL, and the related amounts reclassified to interest expense is provided in Note 9: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax. Information about the valuation methods used to measure the fair value of derivatives is provided in Note 13: Fair Value Measurements.

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Offsetting Derivatives

Webster has entered into transactions with counterparties that are subject to a legally enforceable master netting agreement. Derivatives subject to a legally enforceable master netting agreement are reported on a net basis, net of cash collateral. Net positions are recorded in other assets for a net gain position and in other liabilities for a net loss position in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table is presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of counterparty netting agreements. Derivative assets and liabilities are shown net of cash collateral:



	At September 30, 2016							At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Gross Amount		Amount Offset			Net Amount ^{(1) (2)}		Gross Amount		Amount Offset			Net Amount^{(1) (2)}
Derivative instrument assets:
Hedged Accounting Positions	$	768	$	(768	)	$	—	$	2,507	$	(2,507	)	$	—
Non-Hedged Accounting Positions	302		(302		)	—		2,438		(2,438		)	—
Total	$	1,070	$	(1,070	)	$	—	$	4,945	$	(4,945	)	$	—

Derivative instrument liabilities:
Hedged Accounting Positions	$	3,433	$	(3,433	)	$	—	$	1,359	$	(1,359	)	$	—
Non-Hedged Accounting Positions	91,299		(91,299		)	—		40,368		(34,916		)	5,452
Total	$	94,732	$	(94,732	)	$	—	$	41,727	$	(36,275	)	$	5,452

(1) Net amount is net of $93.7 million and $31.3 million of cash collateral at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, as presented in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Net amount excludes $29.5 million and $20.2 million of initial margin requirements posted at the derivative clearing organization at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Initial margin is recorded as a component of accrued interest receivable and other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Counterparty Credit Risk

Use of derivative contracts may expose the bank to counterparty credit risk. The Company has ISDA master agreements, including a Credit Support Annex, with all derivative counterparties. The ISDA master agreements provide that on each payment date, all amounts otherwise owing the same currency under the same transaction are netted so that only a single amount is owed in that currency. The ISDA provides, if the parties so elect, for such netting of amounts in the same currency among all transactions identified as being subject to such election that have common payment dates and booking offices. Under the Credit Support Annex, daily net exposure in excess of a negotiated threshold is secured by posted cash collateral. The Company has negotiated a zero threshold with the majority of its approved financial institution counterparties. In accordance with Webster policies, institutional counterparties must be analyzed and approved through the Company’s credit approval process.

The Company’s credit exposure on interest rate derivatives with non-dealer counterparties is limited to the net favorable value, including accrued interest, of all such instruments, reduced by the amount of collateral pledged by the counterparties. The Company's credit exposure related to derivatives with dealer counterparties is significantly mitigated with cash collateral equal to, or in excess of, the market value of the instrument updated daily.

In accordance with counterparty credit agreements and derivative clearing rules, the Company had approximately $125.8 million in net margin collateral posted with financial counterparties at September 30, 2016, comprised of $29.5 million in initial margin and $96.3 million in variation margin collateral posted to financial counterparties or the derivative clearing organization. Collateral levels for approved financial institution counterparties are monitored daily and adjusted as necessary. In the event of default, should the collateral not be returned, the exposure would be offset by terminating the transaction.

The Company regularly evaluates the credit risk of its counterparties, taking into account the likelihood of default, net exposures, and remaining contractual life, among other related factors. The Company's net current credit exposure relating to interest rate derivatives with Webster Bank customers was $116.9 million at September 30, 2016. In addition, the Company monitors potential future exposure, representing its best estimate of exposure to remaining contractual maturity. The potential future exposure relating to interest rate derivatives with Webster Bank customers totaled $24.8 million at September 30, 2016. The credit exposures are mitigated as transactions with customers are generally secured by the same collateral of the underlying transactions being hedged.

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Note 13: Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined using quoted market prices. However, in many instances, quoted market prices are not available. In such instances, fair values are determined using appropriate valuation techniques. Various assumptions and observable inputs must be relied upon in applying these techniques. Accordingly, categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. As such, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate transfer of the respective asset or liability.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The three levels within the fair value hierarchy are as follows:


•	Level 1: Valuation is based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

•

Level 2: Fair value is calculated using significant inputs other than quoted market prices that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. The valuation may rely on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit ratings, etc.), or inputs that are derived principally or corroborated by market data, by correlation, or other means.


•	Level 3: Inputs for determining the fair value of the respective assets or liabilities are not observable. Level 3 valuations are reliant upon pricing models and techniques that require significant management judgment or estimation.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Available-for-Sale Investment Securities. When quoted prices are available in an active market, the Company classifies securities within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Equity securities in financial services and U.S. Treasury Bills are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

When quoted market prices are not available, the Company employs an independent pricing service that utilizes matrix pricing to calculate fair value. Such fair value measurements consider observable data such as dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayments speeds, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments. Management maintains procedures to monitor the pricing service's assumptions and establishes processes to challenge the pricing service's valuations that appear unusual or unexpected. Available-for-Sale investment securities which include Agency CMO, Agency MBS, Agency CMBS, CMBS, CLO, single-issuer trust preferred securities, and corporate debt securities, are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Derivative Instruments. Foreign exchange contracts are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Derivative instruments are valued using third-party valuation software, which considers the present value of cash flows discounted using observable forward rate assumptions. The resulting fair values are validated against valuations performed by independent third parties and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. In determining if any fair value adjustment related to credit risk is required, Webster evaluates the credit risk of its counterparties by considering factors such as the likelihood of default by the counterparties, its net exposures, the remaining contractual life, as well as the amount of collateral securing the position. Webster reviews its counterparty exposure on a regular basis, and, when necessary, appropriate business actions are taken to adjust the exposure. When determining fair value, Webster applies the portfolio exception with respect to measuring counterparty credit risk for all of its derivative transactions subject to a master netting arrangement. The change in value of derivative assets and liabilities attributable to credit risk was not significant during the reported periods.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives. Forward sales of mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities are utilized by the Company in its efforts to manage risk of loss associated with its mortgage loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale. Prior to closing and funding certain single-family residential mortgage loans, an interest rate lock commitment is generally extended to the borrower. During the period from commitment date to closing date, the Company is subject to the risk that market rates of interest may change. If market rates rise, investors generally will pay less to purchase such loans resulting in a reduction in the gain on sale of the loans or, possibly, a loss. In an effort to mitigate such risk, forward delivery sales commitments are established, under which the Company agrees to deliver whole mortgage loans to various investors or issue mortgage-backed securities. The fair value of mortgage banking derivatives is determined based on current market prices for similar assets in the secondary market and, therefore, classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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Investments Held in Rabbi Trust. Investments held in the Rabbi Trust primarily include mutual funds that invest in equity and fixed income securities. Shares of mutual funds are valued based on net asset value, which represents quoted market prices for the underlying shares held in the mutual funds. Therefore, investments held in the Rabbi Trust are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Webster has elected to measure the investments held in the Rabbi Trust at fair value. The Company consolidates the invested assets of the trust along with the total deferred compensation obligations and includes them in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Earnings in the Rabbi Trust, including appreciation or depreciation, are reflected as other non-interest income, and changes in the corresponding liability are reflected as compensation and benefits in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The cost basis of the investments held in the Rabbi Trust is $3.3 million as of September 30, 2016.

Alternative Investments. The Company generally records alternative investments at cost, subject to impairment testing. The alternative investments that are carried at cost are considered to be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis when there is impairment. There are certain funds in which the ownership percentage is greater than 3% and are, therefore, recorded at fair value on a recurring basis based upon the net asset value of the respective fund. Alternative investments are non-public entities that cannot be redeemed since the Company’s investment is distributed as the underlying investments are liquidated. As such, these investments are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company has $8.0 million in unfunded commitments remaining for its alternative investments, as of September 30, 2016. See the "Investment Securities Portfolio" section of Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional discussion of the Company's alternative investments.

Originated Loans Held For Sale. Residential mortgage loans typically are classified as held for sale upon origination based on management's intent to sell such loans. The Company generally records residential mortgage loans held for sale under the fair value option of ASC 820 "Fair Value Measurement". The fair value of residential mortgage loans held for sale is based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions. Accordingly, such loans are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Contingent Consideration. As part of the health savings accounts acquisition, the contingent consideration arrangement entitles the Company to receive a rebate of the purchase price relating to the premium paid, for account attrition that occurs during the eighteen-month period beginning on the acquisition date of January 13, 2015. In periods subsequent to the initial valuation the fair value is adjusted for measurable attrition milestones. This valuation is based on a contractual obligation that is reliant upon calculation inputs, and as such could be subject to miscalculation. Therefore, the contingent consideration is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Contingent Liability. As part of the health savings accounts acquisition, Webster assumed a pre-existing liability as part of the transaction. The liability valuation was based upon unobservable inputs. Therefore, the contingent liability was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the contingency represented the estimated price to transfer the liability between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. Webster settled the liability during the quarter ended September 30, 2016.

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Summaries of the fair values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:



	At September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets held at fair value:
U.S. Treasury Bills	$	985	$	—	$	—	$	985
Agency CMO	—		463,730		—		463,730
Agency MBS	—		1,001,014		—		1,001,014
Agency CMBS	—		484,408		—		484,408
CMBS	—		468,361		—		468,361
CLO	—		484,236		—		484,236
Single issuer trust preferred securities	—		38,111		—		38,111
Corporate debt securities	—		99,266		—		99,266
Equities - financial services	—		—		—		—
Total available-for-sale investment securities	985		3,039,126		—		3,040,111
Gross derivative instruments, before netting ⁽¹⁾	66		119,843		—		119,909
Investments held in Rabbi Trust	5,020		—		—		5,020
Alternative investments	—		—		5,464		5,464
Originated loans held for sale ⁽²⁾	—		66,400		—		66,400
Contingent consideration	—		—		8,035		8,035
Total financial assets held at fair value	$	6,071	$	3,225,369	$	13,499	$	3,244,939
Financial liabilities held at fair value:
Gross derivative instruments, before netting ⁽¹⁾	$	37	$	95,865	$	—	$	95,902
Contingent liability	—		—		—		—
Total financial liabilities held at fair value	$	37	$	95,865	$	—	$	95,902



	At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets held at fair value:
U.S. Treasury Bills	$	924	$	—	$	—	$	924
Agency CMO	—		548,754		—		548,754
Agency MBS	—		1,065,109		—		1,065,109
Agency CMBS	—		215,350		—		215,350
CMBS	—		579,266		—		579,266
CLO	—		429,159		—		429,159
Single issuer trust preferred securities	—		37,170		—		37,170
Corporate debt securities	—		106,321		—		106,321
Equities - financial services	2,578		—		—		2,578
Total available-for-sale investment securities	3,502		2,981,129		—		2,984,631
Gross derivative instruments, before netting ⁽¹⁾	183		64,038		—		64,221
Investments held in Rabbi Trust	5,372		—		—		5,372
Alternative investments	—		—		3,471		3,471
Originated loans held for sale	—		—		—		—
Contingent Consideration	—		—		5,331		5,331
Total financial assets held at fair value	$	9,057	$	3,045,167	$	8,802	$	3,063,026
Financial liabilities held at fair value:
Gross derivative instruments, before netting ⁽¹⁾	$	66	$	42,486	$	—	$	42,552
Contingent liability	—		—		6,000		6,000
Total financial liabilities held at fair value	$	66	$	42,486	$	6,000	$	48,552

(1) For information relating to the impact of netting derivative assets and derivative liabilities as well as the impact from offsetting cash collateral paid to the same derivative counterparties see Note 12: Derivative Financial Instruments.

(2) Loans held for sale accounted for under the fair value option of ASC 825 "Financial Instruments" at September 30, 2016. The Company made this policy election on loans originated for sale. See Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

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The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:



(In thousands)	Alternative Investments		Contingent Consideration		Total Financial Assets		Contingent Liability
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	3,471	$	5,331	$	8,802	$	6,000
Unrealized gain included in net income	311		2,704		3,015		—
Purchases/capital funding	1,682		—		1,682		—
Payments	—		—		—		(6,000		)
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	5,464	$	8,035	$	13,499	$	—

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, for example, when there is evidence of impairment. The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets measured on a non-recurring basis.

Transferred Loans Held For Sale. Certain loans are transferred to loans held for sale once a decision has been made to sell such loans. These loans are accounted for at the lower of cost or market and are considered to be recognized at fair value when they are recorded at below cost. This activity is primarily commercial loans with observable inputs and is classified within Level 2. On the occasion should these loans include adjustments for changes in loan characteristics using unobservable inputs, the loans would be classified within Level 3.

Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans and Leases. Impaired loans and leases for which repayment is expected to be provided solely by the value of the underlying collateral are considered collateral dependent and are valued based on the estimated fair value of such collateral using customized discounting criteria. As such, collateral dependent impaired loans and leases are classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets. The total book value of OREO and repossessed assets was $4.1 million at September 30, 2016. OREO and repossessed assets are accounted for at the lower of cost or market and are considered to be recognized at fair value when they are recorded at below cost. The fair value of OREO is based on independent appraisals or internal valuation methods, less estimated selling costs. The valuation may consider available pricing guides, auction results, and price opinions. Certain assets require assumptions about factors that are not observable in an active market in the determination of fair value; as such, OREO and repossessed assets are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Mortgage Servicing Assets. Mortgage servicing assets are accounted for at cost, subject to impairment testing. When the carrying cost exceeds fair value, a valuation allowance is established to reduce the carrying cost to fair value. Changes in fair value are included as a component of other non-interest income in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is calculated as the present value of estimated future net servicing income and relies on market based assumptions for loan prepayment speeds, servicing costs, discount rates, and other economic factors; as such, the primary risk inherent in valuing mortgage servicing assets is the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the servicing revenue stream. Mortgage servicing assets are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following table presents the changes in fair value for mortgage servicing assets:



	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	33,568		$	28,690
Originations of servicing assets	8,198			6,335
Changes in fair value:
Due to payoffs/paydowns	(3,026		)	(1,918		)
Due to market changes	(3,119		)	(754		)
Ending balance	$	35,621		$	32,353

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The table below presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2016:



(Dollars in thousands)
Asset	Fair Value		Valuation Methodology	Unobservable Inputs	Range of Inputs
Collateral dependent impaired loans and leases	$	1,974	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type	0%
				Discount for costs to sell	0%
OREO	$	195	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type	0%	-	10.0%
				Discount for costs to sell	8%
Mortgage servicing assets	$	35,621	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate	7.9%	-	32.6%
				Discount rates	1.5%	-	2.1%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for those assets and liabilities.

Cash, Due from Banks, and Interest-bearing Deposits. The carrying amount of cash, due from banks, and interest-bearing deposits is used to approximate fair value, given the short time frame to maturity and, as such, these assets do not present unanticipated credit concerns. Cash, due from banks, and interest-bearing deposits are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities. When quoted market prices are not available, the Company employs an independent pricing service that utilizes matrix pricing to calculate fair value. Such fair value measurements consider observable data such as dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayments speeds, credit information, and respective terms and conditions for debt instruments. Management maintains procedures to monitor the pricing service's assumptions and establishes processes to challenge the pricing service's valuations that appear unusual or unexpected. Held-to-Maturity investment securities, which include Agency CMO, Agency MBS, Agency CMBS, CMBS, municipal bonds and notes, and private label MBS securities, are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Loans and Leases, net. The estimated fair value of loans and leases held for investment is calculated using a discounted cash flow method, using future prepayments and market interest rates inclusive of an illiquidity premium for comparable loans and leases. The associated cash flows are adjusted for credit and other potential losses. Fair value for impaired loans and leases is estimated using the net present value of the expected cash flows. Loans and leases are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Deposit Liabilities. The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. Deposit liabilities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase and Other Borrowings. The carrying value is an estimate of fair value for those securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings that mature within 90 days. The fair values of all other borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on current market rates adjusted, as appropriate, for associated credit risks. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Long-Term Debt. The fair value of FHLB advances and long-term debt is estimated using a discounted cash flow technique. Discount rates are matched with the time period of the expected cash flow and are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect credit risk. FHLB advances and long-term debt are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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The estimated fair values of selected financial instruments and servicing assets are as follows:



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Assets:
Level 2
Held-to-maturity investment securities	$	4,022,332	$	4,109,943	$	3,923,052	$	3,961,534
Loans held for sale ⁽¹⁾	178		178		37,091		37,457
Level 3
Loans and leases, net	16,435,476		16,450,034		15,496,745		15,543,892
Mortgage servicing assets	23,384		35,621		20,698		33,568
Alternative investments	11,303		12,867		12,900		14,294
Liabilities:
Level 2
Deposit liabilities, other than time deposits	$	17,179,965	$	17,179,965	$	15,866,624	$	15,866,624
Time deposits	2,020,943		2,037,577		2,086,154		2,095,357
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	800,705		811,273		1,151,400		1,163,974
FHLB advances ⁽²⁾	2,587,983		2,576,651		2,664,139		2,647,872
Long-term debt ⁽²⁾	225,450		222,694		226,356		218,143

(1) Loans held for sale accounted for at the lower of cost or market includes commercial loans at September 30, 2016 and both commercial and residential loans at December 31, 2015.

(2) The following adjustments to the carrying amount are not included for determination of fair value, see Note 8: Borrowings:

•FHLB advances - unamortized premiums on advances

•Long-term debt - unamortized discount and debt issuance cost on senior fixed-rate notes

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the entire holdings or any part of a particular financial instrument. Fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These factors are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

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Note 14: Retirement Benefit Plans

Defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefits

The following table summarizes the components of net periodic benefit cost:



	Three months ended September 30,
	2016							2015
(In thousands)	Webster Bank Pension Plan			Webster SERP		Other Postretirement Benefits		Webster Bank Pension Plan			Webster SERP		Other Postretirement Benefits
Service cost	$	11		$	—	$	—	$	11		$	—	$	—
Interest cost on benefit obligations	2,110			98		32		2,002			86		31
Expected return on plan assets	(3,067		)	—		—		(2,968		)	—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—			—		4		—			—		18
Recognized net loss	1,666			106		8		1,431			98		11
Net periodic benefit cost	$	720		$	204	$	44	$	476		$	184	$	60



	Nine months ended September 30,
	2016							2015
(In thousands)	Webster Bank Pension Plan			Webster SERP		Other Postretirement Benefits		Webster Bank Pension Plan			Webster SERP		Other Postretirement Benefits
Service cost	$	34		$	—	$	—	$	34		$	—	$	—
Interest cost on benefit obligations	6,331			292		94		6,006			259		93
Expected return on plan assets	(8,596		)	—		—		(8,905		)	—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—			—		11		—			—		54
Recognized net loss	4,998			319		26		4,293			293		35
Net periodic benefit cost	$	2,767		$	611	$	131	$	1,428		$	552	$	182

The Company made a discretionary $20.0 million contribution to the Webster Bank Pension Plan in September 2016. Additional contributions may be made as deemed appropriate by management in conjunction with information provided by the Plan’s actuarial firm.

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Note 15: Share-Based Plans

Stock compensation plans

Webster maintains stock compensation plans under which non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, or stock appreciation rights may be granted to employees and directors. The Company believes these share awards better align the interests of its employees with those of its shareholders. Stock compensation cost is recognized over the required service vesting period for the awards, based on the grant-date fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, and is included as a component of compensation and benefits reflected in non-interest expense.

The following table provides a summary of stock compensation expense recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Stock options	$	—	$	73	$	43	$	305
Restricted stock	2,944		2,934		8,515		7,978
Total stock compensation expense	$	2,944	$	3,007	$	8,558	$	8,283

At September 30, 2016 there was $16.9 million of unrecognized stock compensation expense for restricted stock expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.

The following table provides a summary of the activity under the stock compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2016:



	Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding									Stock Options Outstanding
	Time-Based						Performance-Based			Stock Options Outstanding
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, at January 1, 2016	236,145	$	32.58	2,088	$	34.45	115,721	$	34.14	1,527,074	$	23.92
Granted	222,610	32.93		12,946	32.89		150,392	32.75		—	—
Exercised options	—	—		—	—		—	—		116,694	20.19
Vested restricted stock awards ⁽¹⁾	166,988	31.81		9,638	33.23		104,419	33.17		—	—
Forfeited	11,628	32.73		—	—		3,401	33.59		41,562	47.92
Outstanding and exercisable, at September 30, 2016	280,139	$	33.28	5,396	$	32.89	158,293	$	33.47	1,368,818	$	23.51


(1)	Vested for purposes of recording compensation expense.

Time-based restricted stock. Time-based restricted stock awards vest over the applicable service period ranging from 1 to 5 years. The number of time-based awards that may be granted to an eligible individual in a calendar year is limited to 100,000 shares. Compensation expense is recorded over the vesting period based on a fair value, which is measured using the Company's common stock closing price at the date of grant.

Performance-based restricted stock. Performance-based restricted stock awards vest after a 3 year performance period. The awards vest with a share quantity dependent on that performance, in a range from 0 to 150%. The performance criteria for 50% of the shares granted in 2016 is based upon Webster's ranking for total shareholder return versus Webster's compensation peer group companies and the remaining 50% is based upon upon Webster's average of return on equity during the three year vesting period. The compensation peer group companies are utilized because they represent the financial institutions that best compare with Webster. The Company records compensation expense over the vesting period, based on a fair value calculated using the Monte-Carlo simulation model, which allows for the incorporation of the performance condition for the 50% of the performance-based shares tied to total shareholder return versus the compensation peer group, and based on a fair value of the market price on the date of grant for the remaining 50% of the performance-based shares tied to Webster's return on equity. Compensation expense is subject to adjustment based on management's assessment of Webster's return on equity performance relative to the target number of shares condition.

Stock options. Stock option awards have an exercise price equal to the market price of Webster Financial Corporation's stock on the date of grant. Each option grants the holder the right to acquire a share of Webster Financial Corporation common stock over a contractual life of up to 10 years. All awarded options have vested. There were 1,269,249 non-qualified stock options and 99,569 incentive stock options outstanding at September 30, 2016.

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Note 16: Segment Reporting

Webster’s operations are organized into four reportable segments that represent its primary businesses - Commercial Banking, Community Banking, HSA Bank, and Private Banking. Community Banking consists of the operating segments - Personal Banking and Business Banking. These four segments reflect how executive management responsibilities are assigned by the chief operating decision maker for each of the primary businesses, the products and services provided, the type of customer served, and reflects how discrete financial information is currently evaluated. The Company’s Treasury unit and consumer liquidating portfolio are included in the Corporate and Reconciling category along with the amounts required to reconcile profitability metrics to GAAP reported amounts.

Webster’s reportable segment results are intended to reflect each segment as if it were a stand-alone business. Webster uses an internal profitability reporting system to generate information by operating segment, which is based on a series of management estimates and allocations regarding funds transfer pricing, provision for loan and lease losses, non-interest expense, income taxes, and equity capital. These estimates and allocations, certain of which are subjective in nature, are periodically reviewed and refined. Changes in estimates and allocations that affect the reported results of any operating segment do not affect the consolidated financial position or results of operations of Webster as a whole. The full profitability measurement reports, which are prepared for each operating segment, reflect non-GAAP reporting methodologies. The differences between full profitability and GAAP results are reconciled in the Corporate and Reconciling category.

Webster allocates interest income and interest expense to each business, while also transferring the primary interest rate risk exposures to the Corporate and Reconciling category, using a matched maturity funding concept called Funds Transfer Pricing. The allocation process considers the specific interest rate risk and liquidity risk of financial instruments and other assets and liabilities in each line of business. The matched maturity funding concept considers the origination date and the earlier of the maturity date or the repricing date of a financial instrument to assign an FTP rate for loans and deposits originated each day. Loans are assigned an FTP rate for funds used and deposits are assigned an FTP rate for funds provided. This process is executed by the Company’s Financial Planning and Analysis division and is overseen by ALCO.

Webster allocates the provision for loan and lease losses to each segment based on management’s estimate of the inherent loss content in each of the specific loan and lease portfolios. Provision expense for certain elements of risk that are not deemed specifically attributable to a reportable segment, such as the provision for the consumer liquidating portfolio, is shown as part of the Corporate and Reconciling category.

Webster allocates a majority of non-interest expense to each reportable segment using a full-absorption costing process. Costs, including corporate overhead, are analyzed, pooled by process, and assigned to the appropriate reportable segment. Income tax expense is allocated to each reportable segment based on the consolidated effective income tax rate for the period shown.

The following tables present the operating results, including all appropriate allocations, for Webster’s reportable segments and the Corporate and Reconciling category:



	Three months ended September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking			Corporate and Reconciling			Consolidated Total
Net interest income (loss)	$	71,454	$	91,522	$	20,560	$	2,811		$	(6,150	)	$	180,197
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses	7,459		6,939		—		417			(565		)	14,250
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan and lease losses	63,995		84,583		20,560		2,394			(5,585		)	165,947
Non-interest income	13,515		29,121		16,900		2,401			4,475			66,412
Non-interest expense	30,477		91,463		23,021		5,316			5,820			156,097
Income (loss) before income tax expense	47,033		22,241		14,439		(521		)	(6,930		)	76,262
Income tax expense (benefit)	15,128		7,121		4,624		(171		)	(2,257		)	24,445
Net income (loss)	$	31,905	$	15,120	$	9,815	$	(350	)	$	(4,673	)	$	51,817

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	Three months ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking			Corporate and Reconciling			Consolidated Total
Net interest income (loss)	$	64,769	$	90,370	$	18,852	$	2,575		$	(8,556	)	$	168,010
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses	3,992		8,953		—		76			(21		)	13,000
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan and lease losses	60,777		81,417		18,852		2,499			(8,535		)	155,010
Non-interest income	10,970		26,928		16,386		2,215			4,793			61,292
Non-interest expense	27,474		82,919		21,273		5,026			3,245			139,937
Income (loss) before income tax expense	44,273		25,426		13,965		(312		)	(6,987		)	76,365
Income tax expense (benefit)	14,387		8,366		4,561		(96		)	(2,223		)	24,995
Net income (loss)	$	29,886	$	17,060	$	9,404	$	(216	)	$	(4,764	)	$	51,370



	Nine months ended September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking			Corporate and Reconciling			Consolidated Total
Net interest income (loss)	$	203,012	$	272,725	$	60,484	$	8,410		$	(11,377	)	$	533,254
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses	29,247		15,572		—		518			(1,487		)	43,850
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan and lease losses	173,765		257,153		60,484		7,892			(9,890		)	489,404
Non-interest income	34,374		83,219		54,969		7,445			13,854			193,861
Non-interest expense	87,781		272,823		71,966		15,555			13,195			461,320
Income (loss) before income tax expense	120,358		67,549		43,487		(218		)	(9,231		)	221,945
Income tax expense (benefit)	39,304		22,059		14,201		(71		)	(3,015		)	72,478
Net income (loss)	$	81,054	$	45,490	$	29,286	$	(147	)	$	(6,216	)	$	149,467



	Nine months ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking			Corporate and Reconciling			Consolidated Total
Net interest income (loss)	$	188,539	$	262,214	$	53,080	$	7,471		$	(20,019	)	$	491,285
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses	19,951		16,383		—		(158		)	(676		)	35,500
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan and lease losses	168,588		245,831		53,080		7,629			(19,343		)	455,785
Non-interest income	28,321		80,748		46,885		6,891			15,253			178,098
Non-interest expense	81,144		247,070		60,476		14,502			8,369			411,561
Income (loss) before income tax expense	115,765		79,509		39,489		18			(12,459		)	222,322
Income tax expense (benefit)	36,139		24,821		12,327		5			(3,887		)	69,405
Net income (loss)	$	79,626	$	54,688	$	27,162	$	13		$	(8,572	)	$	152,917

The following table presents total assets for Webster's reportable segments and the Corporate and Reconciling category:



	Total Assets
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking		Corporate and Reconciling		Consolidated Total
At September 30, 2016	$	8,174,174	$	8,638,736	$	92,128	$	521,877	$	8,206,702	$	25,633,617
At December 31, 2015	7,505,513		8,441,950		95,815		493,571		8,104,269		24,641,118

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Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies

Credit-Related Financial Instruments

The Company offers credit-related financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet certain financing needs of its customers, that involve off-balance sheet risk. These transactions may include an unused commitment to extend credit, standby letter of credit, or commercial letter of credit. Such transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk.

The following table summarizes the outstanding amounts of credit-related financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Commitments to extend credit	$	5,239,513	$	4,851,994
Standby letter of credit	141,200		133,294
Commercial letter of credit	46,344		45,742
Total credit-related financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk	$	5,427,057	$	5,031,030

Commitments to Extend Credit. The Company makes commitments under various terms to lend funds to customers at a future point in time. These commitments include revolving credit arrangements, term loan commitments, and short-term borrowing agreements. Most of these loans have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses where a fee may be required. Since commitments routinely expire without being funded, or after required availability of collateral occurs, the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future liquidity requirements.

Standby Letter of Credit. A standby letter of credit commits the Company to make payments on behalf of customers if certain specified future events occur. The Company has recourse against the customer for any amount required to be paid to a third party under a standby letter of credit, which is often part of a larger credit agreement under which security is provided. Historically, a large percentage of standby letters of credit expire without being funded. The contractual amount of a standby letter of credit represents the maximum amount of potential future payments the Company could be required to make, and is the Company's maximum credit risk.

Commercial Letter of Credit. A commercial letter of credit is issued to facilitate either domestic or foreign trade arrangements for customers. As a general rule, drafts are committed to be drawn when the goods underlying the transaction are in transit. Similar to a standby letter of credit, a commercial letter of credit is often secured by an underlying security agreement including the assets or inventory to which they relate.

These commitments subject the Company to potential exposure in excess of the amounts recorded in the financial statements, and therefore, management maintains a specific reserve for unfunded credit commitments. This reserve is reported as a component of accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table provides a summary of activity in the reserve for unfunded credit commitments:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Beginning balance	$	2,319	$	2,007	$	2,119	$	5,151
Provision (benefit)	172		16		372		(3,128		)
Ending balance	$	2,491	$	2,023	$	2,491	$	2,023

Litigation

Webster is involved in routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business and is subject to loss contingencies related to such litigation and claims arising therefrom. Webster evaluates these contingencies based on information currently available, including advice of counsel and assessment of available insurance coverage. Webster establishes an accrual for litigation and claims when a loss contingency is considered probable and the related amount is reasonably estimable. This accrual is periodically reviewed and may be adjusted as circumstances change. Webster also estimates certain loss contingencies for possible litigation and claims, whether or not there is an accrued probable loss. Webster believes it has defenses to all the claims asserted against it in existing litigation matters and intends to defend itself in all matters.

Based upon its current knowledge, after consultation with counsel and after taking into consideration its current litigation accrual, Webster believes that at September 30, 2016 any reasonably possible losses, in addition to amounts accrued, are not material to Webster’s consolidated financial condition. However, in light of the uncertainties involved in such actions and proceedings, there is no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the amounts currently accrued by Webster or that the Company’s litigation accrual will not need to be adjusted in future periods. Such an outcome could be material to the Company’s operating results in a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of the Company’s income for that period.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2015, included in its 2015 Form 10-K, and in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Item 1 of this report. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year ending December 31, 2016, or any future period.

Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as "believes," "anticipates," "expects," "intends," "targeted," "continue," "remain," "will," "should," "may," "plans," "estimates" and similar references to future periods; however, such words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. In addition to Webster or the Company, references to "we," "our," or "us" mean Webster Financial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:


▪	projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, and other financial items;


▪	statements of plans, objectives and expectations of Webster or its management or Board of Directors;


▪	statements of future economic performance; and


▪	statements of assumptions underlying such statements.

Forward-looking statements are based on Webster’s current expectations and assumptions regarding its business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Webster’s actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements, which are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees or assurances of future performance.

Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:


▪	local, regional, national and international economic conditions and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of that impact;


▪	volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets;


▪	government intervention in the U.S. financial system;


▪	changes in the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs;


▪	changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements;


▪	adverse conditions in the securities markets that lead to impairment in the value of securities in our investment portfolio;


▪	inflation, interest rate, securities market and monetary fluctuations;


▪	the timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by customers;


▪	changes in consumer spending, borrowings and savings habits;


▪	technological changes and cyber-security matters;


▪	the ability to increase market share and control expenses;


▪	changes in the competitive environment among banks, financial holding companies and other financial services providers;


▪	the effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) with which we and our subsidiaries must comply, including the Dodd-Frank Act;


▪	the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters;


▪	the costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments including the resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory or other governmental inquiries and the results of regulatory examinations or reviews; and


▪	our success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items.

Any forward-looking statements made by the Company in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speaks only as of the date they are made. Factors or events that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict all of them. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

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Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in its 2015 Form 10-K and in Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this report. The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP and practices generally applicable to the financial services industry requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, and to disclose contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Management has identified the Company's most critical accounting policies as:


•	allowance for loan and lease losses;


•	fair value measurements for valuation of investments and other financial instruments;


•	evaluation of investments for other-than-temporary impairment;


•	valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets; and


•	assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets and the measurement of uncertain tax positions.

These particular significant accounting policies are considered most critical in that they are important to the Company’s financial condition and results, and they require management’s subjective and complex judgment as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. The accounting policies and estimates, including the nature of the estimates and types of assumptions used, are described throughout Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Webster's 2015 Form 10-K and Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this report.

Results of Operations

Selected financial highlights are presented in the following table:



	At or for the three months ended September 30,						At or for the nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share and ratio data)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Earnings:
Net interest income	$	180,197		$	168,010		$	533,254		$	491,285
Provision for loan and lease losses	14,250			13,000			43,850			35,500
Total non-interest income	66,412			61,292			193,861			178,098
Total non-interest expense	156,097			139,937			461,320			411,561
Net income	51,817			51,370			149,467			152,917
Earnings applicable to common shareholders	49,634			49,176			142,927			145,715
Per Share Data:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted	91,857			92,007			91,776			91,391
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.54		$	0.53		$	1.56		$	1.60
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared per common share	0.25			0.23			0.73			0.66
Dividends declared per Series A preferred share	—			—			—			21.25
Dividends declared per Series E preferred share	400.00			400.00			1,200.00			1,200.00
Book value per common share	26.06			24.86			26.06			24.86
Tangible book value per common share ^(non-GAAP)	19.80			18.54			19.80			18.54
Selected Ratios:
Net interest margin	3.10			3.04			3.10			3.06
Return on average assets ^(annualized)	0.82		%	0.86		%	0.80		%	0.88		%
Return on average common shareholders' equity ^(annualized)	8.36			8.66			8.16			8.71
CET1 risk-based capital	10.48			10.78			10.48			10.78
Tangible common equity ratio ^(non-GAAP)	7.25			7.25			7.25			7.25
Return on average tangible common shareholders' equity ^{(annualized) (non-GAAP)}	11.24			11.86			11.04			12.01
Efficiency ratio ^(non-GAAP)	61.43			59.56			61.63			59.81

The non-GAAP financial measures, identified in the preceding table, have been presented because management believes their use provides additional clarity in assessing the results of the Company. Other companies may define or calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently.

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The following tables reconcile the non-GAAP financial measures with financial measures defined by GAAP:



	At September 30,
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)	2016			2015
Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP):
Shareholders' equity (GAAP)	$	2,511,629		$	2,401,701
Less: Preferred stock (GAAP)	122,710			122,710
Goodwill and other intangible assets (GAAP)	573,129			579,287
Tangible common shareholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,815,790		$	1,699,704
Common shares outstanding	91,687			91,663
Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP)	$	19.80		$	18.54

Tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP):
Tangible common shareholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,815,790		$	1,699,704
Total Assets (GAAP)	$	25,633,617		$	24,007,735
Less: Goodwill and other intangible assets (GAAP)	573,129			579,287
Tangible assets (non-GAAP)	$	25,060,488		$	23,428,448
Tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP)	7.25		%	7.25		%



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Return on average tangible common shareholders' equity (non-GAAP):
Net income (GAAP)	$	51,817		$	51,370		$	149,467		$	152,917
Less: Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	2,024			2,024			6,072			6,687
Add: Intangible assets amortization, tax-affected at 35% (GAAP)	970			1,054			2,971			3,089
Income adjusted for preferred stock dividends and intangible assets amortization (non-GAAP)	$	50,763		$	50,400		$	146,366		$	149,319
Income adjusted for preferred stock dividends and intangible assets amortization, annualized (non-GAAP)	$	203,052		$	201,600		$	195,155		$	199,092
Average shareholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	2,503,960		$	2,402,826		$	2,466,414		$	2,375,932
Less: Average preferred stock (non-GAAP)	122,710			122,710			122,710			138,717
Average goodwill and other intangible assets (non-GAAP)	573,978			580,218			575,491			579,625
Average tangible common shareholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,807,272		$	1,699,898		$	1,768,213		$	1,657,590
Return on average tangible common shareholders' equity (non-GAAP)	11.24		%	11.86		%	11.04		%	12.01		%

Efficiency ratio (non-GAAP):
Non-interest expense (GAAP)	$	156,097		$	139,937		$	461,320		$	411,561
Less: Foreclosed property activity (GAAP)	45			202			(236		)	516
Intangible assets amortization (GAAP)	1,493			1,621			4,570			4,752
Other expense (non-GAAP)	793			(209		)	2,270			1,083
Non-interest expense (non-GAAP)	$	153,766		$	138,323		$	454,716		$	405,210
Net interest income (GAAP)	$	180,197		$	168,010		$	533,254		$	491,285
Add: Tax-equivalent adjustment (non-GAAP)	3,478			2,596			9,735			7,879
Non-interest income (GAAP)	66,412			61,292			193,861			178,098
Less: Gain on sale of investment securities, net (GAAP)	—			—			414			529
Other (non-GAAP)	(236		)	(324		)	(1,372		)	(808		)
Income (non-GAAP)	$	250,323		$	232,222		$	737,808		$	677,541
Efficiency ratio (non-GAAP)	61.43		%	59.56		%	61.63		%	59.81		%

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The following tables summarize daily average balances, interest, yield/rate, and net interest margin on a fully tax-equivalent basis:



	Three months ended September 30,
	2016							2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Average Balance		Interest			Yield/Rate		Average Balance		Interest			Yield/Rate

Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans and leases	$	16,423,642	$	157,926		3.80	%	$	15,009,991	$	141,064		3.71	%
Securities ^{(based upon historical amortized cost)}	6,784,652		49,282			2.91		6,900,984		51,175			2.97
FHLB and FRB stock	185,104		1,478			3.18		182,304		1,922			4.18
Interest-bearing deposits	53,852		67			0.49		118,627		76			0.25
Loans held for sale	58,299		440			3.02		40,428		357			3.53
Total interest-earning assets	23,505,549		$	209,193		3.53	%	22,252,334		$	194,594		3.47	%
Non-interest-earning assets	1,752,981							1,625,876
Total Assets	$	25,258,530						$	23,878,210

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits	$	4,011,712	$	—		—	%	$	3,656,780	$	—		—	%
Savings, checking, & money market deposits	13,257,559		7,005			0.21		11,995,402		5,650			0.19
Time deposits	2,009,433		5,589			1.11		2,083,880		5,830			1.11
Total deposits	19,278,704		12,594			0.26		17,736,062		11,480			0.26

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	909,560		3,447			1.48		1,137,552		4,138			1.42
FHLB advances	2,158,911		6,979			1.26		2,231,901		5,949			1.04
Long-term debt	225,414		2,498			4.43		226,307		2,421			4.28
Total borrowings	3,293,885		12,924			1.54		3,595,760		12,508			1.37
Total interest-bearing liabilities	22,572,589		$	25,518		0.45	%	21,331,822		$	23,988		0.44	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities	181,981							143,562
Total liabilities	22,754,570							21,475,384

Preferred stock	122,710							122,710
Common shareholders' equity	2,381,250							2,280,116
Total shareholders' equity	2,503,960							2,402,826
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	25,258,530						$	23,878,210
Tax-equivalent net interest income			$	183,675						$	170,606
Less: Tax-equivalent adjustments			(3,478		)					(2,596		)
Net interest income			$	180,197						$	168,010
Net interest margin						3.10	%						3.04	%

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	Nine months ended September 30,
	2016							2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Average Balance		Interest			Yield/Rate		Average Balance		Interest			Yield/Rate

Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans and leases	$	16,101,807	$	461,399		3.79	%	$	14,508,111	$	408,541		3.73	%
Securities ^{(based upon historical amortized cost)}	6,861,128		153,280			2.98		6,817,876		155,084			3.04
FHLB and FRB stock	188,692		4,315			3.05		189,394		4,617			3.26
Interest-bearing deposits	57,692		216			0.49		114,494		218			0.25
Loans held for sale	40,739		1,006			3.29		43,824		1,299			3.95
Total interest-earning assets	23,250,058		$	620,216		3.54	%	21,673,699		$	569,759		3.50	%
Non-interest-earning assets	1,768,426							1,607,359
Total Assets	$	25,018,484						$	23,281,058

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits	$	3,802,873	$	—		—	%	$	3,521,294	$	—		—	%
Savings, checking & money market deposits	13,010,427		20,481			0.21		11,769,750		15,786			0.18
Time deposits	2,027,336		16,786			1.11		2,162,970		18,769			1.16
Total deposits	18,840,636		37,267			0.26		17,454,014		34,555			0.26

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings	943,458		10,999			1.53		1,149,095		12,711			1.46
FHLB advances	2,340,055		21,517			1.21		1,922,080		16,099			1.10
Long-term debt	225,651		7,444			4.40		226,278		7,230			4.26
Total borrowings	3,509,164		39,960			1.50		3,297,453		36,040			1.44
Total interest-bearing liabilities	22,349,800		$	77,227		0.46	%	20,751,467		$	70,595		0.45	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities	202,270							153,659
Total liabilities	22,552,070							20,905,126

Preferred stock	122,710							138,717
Common shareholders' equity	2,343,704							2,237,215
Total shareholders' equity	2,466,414							2,375,932
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	25,018,484						$	23,281,058
Tax-equivalent net interest income			$	542,989						$	499,164
Less: Tax-equivalent adjustments			(9,735		)					(7,879		)
Net interest income			$	533,254						$	491,285
Net interest margin						3.10	%						3.06	%

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Net interest income is the difference between interest income on earning assets, such as loans and investments, and interest expense on liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings, which are used to fund those assets. Net interest income is the Company's largest source of revenue, representing 73.3% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Net interest margin is the ratio of tax-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets for the period.

Net interest income and net interest margin are impacted by the level of interest rates secured, mix of assets earning and liabilities paying those interest rates, and the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. These conditions are influenced by changes in economic conditions that impact interest rate policy, competitive conditions that impact loan and deposit pricing strategies, as well as the extent of interest ceded to non-performing assets.

Webster manages the risk of changes in interest rates on net interest income and net interest margin through ALCO and through related interest rate risk monitoring and management policies. Four main tools are used for managing interest rate risk:


•	the size, duration and credit risk of the investment portfolio,


•	the size and duration of the wholesale funding portfolio,


•	off-balance sheet interest rate contracts, and


•	the pricing and structure of loans and deposits.

ALCO meets at least monthly to make decisions on the investment and funding portfolios based on the economic outlook, its interest rate expectations, the balance sheet risk position, and other factors. The federal funds rate target range has remained 0.25-0.50% since December 16, 2015. See the "Asset/Liability Management and Market Risk" section for further discussion of Webster’s interest rate risk position.

Financial Performance

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

For the three months ended September 30, 2016, net income increased $0.4 million, or 0.9%, from the three months ended September 30, 2015. Net interest income increased 7.3%, and was mostly offset by increased non-interest expense, primarily as a result of increased investment in the HSA Bank and Community Banking businesses. Accordingly, income before income tax expense of $76.3 million decreased 0.1%.

The effect from income tax expense of $24.4 million and $25.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, resulted in net income of $51.8 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.54 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to net income of $51.4 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.53 for the three months ended September 30, 2015.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, net income decreased $3.4 million, or 2.3%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Net interest income increased 8.5%, and was mostly offset by increased non-interest expense, primarily as a result of investment in the HSA Bank and Community Banking businesses, as well as favorable adjustments in the prior period. Also, the provision for loan and lease losses increased 23.5% as loan origination activity has remained strong throughout the period. Accordingly, income before income tax expense of $221.9 million decreased 0.2%.

The effect from income tax expense of $72.5 million and $69.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, resulted in net income of $149.5 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.56 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to net income of $152.9 million and diluted earnings per share of $1.60 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Net Interest Income

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Net interest income totaled $180.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $168.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $12.2 million. On a fully tax-equivalent basis, net interest income increased $13.1 million when compared to the same period in 2015. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was primarily the result of a significant increase in loans with yields improved by 9 basis points, while the size of the securities portfolio and the reinvestment spreads on those assets declined. Net interest margin increased 6 basis points to 3.10% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 3.04% for the three months ended September 30, 2015.

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Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Net interest income totaled $533.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $491.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $42.0 million. On a fully tax-equivalent basis, net interest income increased $43.8 million when compared to the same period in 2015. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was primarily the result of a significant increase in loans with overall improved yields bearing greater weight on net interest margin than a relatively flat securities portfolio with declining reinvestment spreads on those assets. Net interest margin increased 4 basis points to 3.10% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 3.06% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Changes in Net Interest Income

The following table presents the components of the change in net interest income attributable to changes in rate and volume, and reflects net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis:



	Three months ended September 30,									Nine months ended September 30,
	2016 vs. 2015 Increase (decrease) due to									2016 vs. 2015 Increase (decrease) due to
(In thousands)	Rate ⁽¹⁾			Volume			Total			Rate ⁽¹⁾			Volume			Total
Interest on interest-earning assets:
Loans and leases	$	2,180		$	14,682		$	16,862		$	1,459		$	51,399		$	52,858
Loans held for sale	(71		)	156			85			(30		)	(263		)	(293		)
Investments ⁽²⁾	(1,382		)	(966		)	(2,348		)	(2,686		)	578			(2,108		)
Total interest income	$	727		$	13,872		$	14,599		$	(1,257	)	$	51,714		$	50,457
Interest on interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits	$	664		$	450		$	1,114		$	1,930		$	781		$	2,711
Borrowings	1,075			(659		)	416			2,028			1,893			3,921
Total interest expense	$	1,739		$	(209	)	$	1,530		$	3,958		$	2,674		$	6,632
Net change in net interest income	$	(1,012	)	$	14,081		$	13,069		$	(5,215	)	$	49,040		$	43,825


(1)	The change attributable to mix, a combined impact of rate and volume, is included with the change due to rate.


(2)	Investments include: Securities, FHLB and FRB stock, and Interest-bearing deposits.

Average loans and leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased $1.6 billion compared to the average for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The loan and lease portfolio comprised 69.3% of the average interest-earning assets at September 30, 2016 compared to 66.9% of the average interest-earning assets at September 30, 2015. The loan and lease portfolio yield increased 6 basis points to 3.79% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the loan and lease portfolio yield of 3.73% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in the yield on the average loan and lease portfolio is due to floating rate loans as well as increased spreads on loan originations.

Average investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased $14.3 million compared to the average for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The investments portfolio comprised 30.6% of the average interest-earning assets at September 30, 2016 compared to 32.9% of the average interest-earning assets at September 30, 2015. The investments portfolio yield decreased 3 basis points to 2.96% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the investments portfolio yield of 2.99% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease in the yield on the investments portfolio is due to current low market rates on securities purchases compared to the yield on securities paydowns and maturities during the period.

Average deposits for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased $1.4 billion compared to the average for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase is comprised of an increase of $281.6 million in non-interest-bearing deposits and an increase of $1.1 billion in interest-bearing deposits. The average cost of deposits was 0.26% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to 0.26% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The average cost of deposits was flat as a result of improved product mix coupled with pricing shifts. Higher cost time deposits decreased to 13.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 15.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 as a percentage of total interest-bearing deposits.

Average borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased $211.7 million compared to the average for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Average securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings decreased $205.6 million, while average FHLB advances increased $418.0 million. The average cost of borrowings increased 6 basis point to 1.50% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 1.44% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in average cost of borrowings is the result of the 25 basis point increase in the Fed Funds rate on December 16, 2015.

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Cash flow hedges impacted the average cost of borrowings as follows:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Interest rate swaps on repurchase agreements	$	—	$	361	$	361	$	1,082
Interest rate swaps on FHLB advances	2,099		2,087		6,469		6,029
Interest rate swaps on senior fixed-rate notes	76		76		229		229
Interest rate swaps on brokered CDs and deposits	195		196		585		434
Net increase to interest expense on borrowings	$	2,370	$	2,720	$	7,644	$	7,774

Provision for Loan and Lease Losses

Management performs a quarterly review of the loan and lease portfolio to determine the adequacy of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses. At September 30, 2016, the ALLL totaled $187.9 million, or 1.13% of total loans and leases, as compared to $175.0 million, or 1.12% of total loans and leases, at December 31, 2015.

Several factors are considered when determining the level of the ALLL, including loan growth, portfolio composition, portfolio risk profile, credit performance, changes in the levels of non-performing loans and leases, and changes in the economic environment. These factors, coupled with current and projected net charge-offs, impact the required level of the provision for loan and lease losses. Total net charge-offs were $6.8 million and $30.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, compared to $7.9 million and $21.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is primarily the result of a large commercial loan charge-off in the first quarter of 2016.

The provision for loan and lease losses of $14.3 million and $43.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, increased $1.3 million and $8.4 million, respectively, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in provision for loan and lease losses was due primarily to increasing loan balances, as well as the impaired commercial loan charged-off in the first quarter of 2016.

See the "Loan and Lease Portfolio" through "Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Methodology" sections for further details.

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Non-Interest Income



	Three months ended September 30,										Nine months ended September 30,
	Three months ended September 30,					Increase (decrease)					Nine months ended September 30,						Increase (decrease)
(Dollars in thousands)	2016		2015			Amount			Percent		2016			2015			Amount			Percent
Deposit service fees	$	35,734	$	35,164		$	570		1.6	%	$	105,553		$	101,382		$	4,171		4.1	%
Loan related fees	10,299		8,305			1,994			24.0		23,048			19,713			3,335			16.9
Wealth and investment services	7,593		7,761			(168		)	(2.2	)	21,992			24,434			(2,442		)	(10.0	)
Mortgage banking activities	3,276		1,441			1,835			127.3		8,850			5,519			3,331			60.4
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies	3,743		3,288			455			13.8		11,060			9,637			1,423			14.8
Gain on sale of investment securities, net	—		—			—			—		414			529			(115		)	(21.7	)
Impairment loss recognized in earnings	—		(82		)	82			n/m		(149		)	(82		)	(67		)	n/m
Other income	5,767		5,415			352			6.5		23,093			16,966			6,127			36.1
Total non-interest income	$	66,412	$	61,292		$	5,120		8.4	%	$	193,861		$	178,098		$	15,763		8.9	%

n/m - not meaningful

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Total non-interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $66.4 million, an increase of $5.1 million, or 8.4%, compared to $61.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase is attributable to increases in loan related fees and mortgage banking activities.

Loan related fees increased $2.0 million, or 24.0%, primarily as a result of increased syndication fees and a lower deferral of origination fees.

Mortgage banking activities income increased $1.8 million, or 127.3%, due to higher spreads on loans sold offset by slightly lower volumes.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Total non-interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $193.9 million, an increase of $15.8 million, or 8.9%, compared to $178.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase is attributable to increases in deposit service fees, loan related fees, mortgage banking activities, income earned on the cash surrender value of life insurance policies, and other income, partially offset by a decrease in wealth and investment services.

Deposit service fees increased $4.2 million, or 4.1%, as a result of increased checking account service charges driven by HSA Bank's account growth and check card interchange income, partially offset by lower NSF fees.

Loan related fees increased $3.3 million, or 16.9%, primarily due to increases in loan syndication fees and lower deferral of origination fees, partially offset by decreases in prepayment fees, line usage fees, and increased mortgage servicing rights amortization.

Wealth and investment services decreased $2.4 million, or 10.0%, primarily due to an adverse impact on sales production driven by market conditions.

Mortgage banking activities increased $3.3 million, or 60.4%, due to higher spreads on loans sold offset by slightly lower volumes.

Income earned on the cash surrender value of life insurance policies increased $1.4 million, or 14.8%, primarily due to an expanded number of participants in the program.

Other income increased $6.1 million, or 36.1%, due in part to higher client interest rate hedging activities and fair value adjustments in the contingent consideration.

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Non-Interest Expense



	Three months ended September 30,									Nine months ended September 30,
	Three months ended September 30,				Increase (decrease)					Nine months ended September 30,				Increase (decrease)
(Dollars in thousands)	2016		2015		Amount			Percent		2016		2015		Amount			Percent
Compensation and benefits	$	83,148	$	73,378	$	9,770		13.3	%	$	243,688	$	218,285	$	25,403		11.6	%
Occupancy	15,004		11,987		3,017			25.2		44,099		37,263		6,836			18.3
Technology and equipment	19,753		21,419		(1,666		)	(7.8	)	59,067		60,979		(1,912		)	(3.1	)
Intangible assets amortization	1,493		1,621		(128		)	(7.9	)	4,570		4,752		(182		)	(3.8	)
Marketing	4,622		4,099		523			12.8		14,215		12,520		1,695			13.5
Professional and outside services	4,795		2,896		1,899			65.6		11,360		8,224		3,136			38.1
Deposit insurance	6,177		6,067		110			1.8		19,596		17,800		1,796			10.1
Other expense	21,105		18,470		2,635			14.3		64,725		51,738		12,987			25.1
Total non-interest expense	$	156,097	$	139,937	$	16,160		11.5	%	$	461,320	$	411,561	$	49,759		12.1	%

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Total non-interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $156.1 million, an increase of $16.2 million, or 11.5%, compared to $139.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase is attributable to increases in compensation and benefits, occupancy, professional and outside services, and other expense, partially offset by a decrease in technology and equipment.

Compensation and benefits increased $9.8 million, or 13.3%, due to strategic hires within HSA Bank, a year over year increase in the Company's stock price which increased deferred compensation, the Boston expansion, and severance.

Occupancy increased $3.0 million, or 25.2%, primarily as a result of the Boston expansion.

Technology and equipment decreased $1.7 million, or 7.8%, primarily due to transitional service costs related to HSA's acquisition in the prior year quarter's expenses.

Professional and outside services increased $1.9 million, or 65.6%, due to higher consulting expenses.

Other expense increased $2.6 million, or 14.3%, as a result of HSA Bank operations growth and the Boston expansion.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Total non-interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $461.3 million, an increase of $49.8 million, or 12.1%, compared to $411.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase is attributable to increases in compensation and benefits, occupancy, marketing, professional and outside services, deposit insurance and other expense, partially offset by a decrease in technology and equipment.

Compensation and benefits increased $25.4 million, or 11.6%, due to strategic hires within HSA Bank and the Boston expansion, increased group medical, and increased benefit plans expense.

Occupancy increased $6.8 million, or 18.3%, primarily as result of the Boston expansion.

Technology and equipment decreased $1.9 million, or 3.1%, primarily due to transitional service costs related to HSA's acquisition in the prior year to date's expenses.

Marketing increased $1.7 million, or 13.5%, due to higher advertising and promotion expenses related to the Boston expansion.

Professional and outside services increased $3.1 million, or 38.1%, primarily in support of strategic priorities offset by lower legal costs.

Deposit insurance increased $1.8 million, or 10.1%, primarily due to growth in assets which increased the assessment base.

Other expense increased $13.0 million, or 25.1%, as a result of a favorable adjustment recorded in the prior period to the unfunded reserve related to a refined estimate of the draw down factor assumption within the reserve, a favorable adjustment recorded in the prior period related to a reduced deposit insurance assessment for prior years, and increased operational expenses as a result of HSA Bank operations growth and the Boston expansion.

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Income Taxes

Webster recognized income tax expense of $24.4 million and $72.5 million, reflecting effective tax rates of 32.1% and 32.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, compared to $25.0 million and $69.4 million, and 32.7% and 31.2%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.

The decreases in both tax expense and the effective rate for the three months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to 2015 principally reflect a $0.7 million net state and local tax benefit recognized in the current period. The increases in both tax expense and the effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to 2015 primarily reflect the $4.4 million reduction in the Company's valuation allowance applicable to its state deferred tax assets recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2015.

For more information on Webster's income taxes, including its deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions, see Note 8 - Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company's 2015 Form 10-K.

Segment Results

The following tables present net income (loss), selected balance sheet information, and assets under administration/management for Webster’s reportable segments and the Corporate and Reconciling category for the periods presented:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net income (loss):
Commercial Banking	$	31,905		$	29,886		$	81,054		$	79,626
Community Banking	15,120			17,060			45,490			54,688
HSA Bank	9,815			9,404			29,286			27,162
Private Banking	(350		)	(216		)	(147		)	13
Corporate and Reconciling	(4,673		)	(4,764		)	(6,216		)	(8,572		)
Consolidated Total	$	51,817		$	51,370		$	149,467		$	152,917



	At September 30, 2016
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking		Corporate and Reconciling		Total
Total assets	$	8,174,174	$	8,638,736	$	92,128	$	521,877	$	8,206,702	$	25,633,617
Loans and leases	8,170,752		7,875,347		106		518,015		59,181		16,623,401
Goodwill	—		516,560		21,813		—		—		538,373
Deposits	3,652,739		10,747,274		4,187,823		235,969		377,103		19,200,908
Not included in above amounts:
Assets under administration/management	—		2,973,114		833,370		1,793,424		—		5,599,908

	At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Commercial Banking		Community Banking		HSA Bank		Private Banking		Corporate and Reconciling		Total
Total assets	$	7,505,513	$	8,441,950	$	95,815	$	493,571	$	8,104,269	$	24,641,118
Loans and leases	7,509,453		7,592,553		54		490,112		79,563		15,671,735
Goodwill	—		516,560		21,813		—		—		538,373
Deposits	3,073,276		10,449,231		3,802,313		228,497		399,461		17,952,778
Not included in above amounts:
Assets under administration/management	—		2,762,759		692,306		1,726,385		—		5,181,450

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Commercial Banking

The Commercial Banking segment includes middle market, asset-based lending, commercial real estate, equipment finance, and treasury and payment solutions, which includes government and institutional banking. Webster Bank’s Commercial Banking group takes a relationship approach to providing lending, deposit, and cash management services to middle market companies predominately within its franchise territory. Additionally, it serves as a referral source to Private Banking and Community Banking. Specifically, Webster deploys local decision making through Regional Presidents and capitalizes on the expertise of its Relationship Managers to offer a compelling value proposition to customers and prospects. Webster has successfully deployed this model throughout its footprint.

Commercial Banking Results:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net interest income	$	71,454	$	64,769	$	203,012	$	188,539
Provision for loan and lease losses	7,459		3,992		29,247		19,951
Net interest income after provision	63,995		60,777		173,765		168,588
Non-interest income	13,515		10,970		34,374		28,321
Non-interest expense	30,477		27,474		87,781		81,144
Income before income taxes	47,033		44,273		120,358		115,765
Income tax expense	15,128		14,387		39,304		36,139
Net income	$	31,905	$	29,886	$	81,054	$	79,626

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Net income increased $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $6.7 million, primarily due to greater loan and deposit volumes. The provision for loan and lease losses increased $3.5 million, due to continued growth and mix. Non-interest income increased $2.5 million primarily due to an increase in syndication fees. Non-interest expense increased $3.0 million, primarily due to compensation and benefit costs related to strategic new hires, increased costs in support of higher volumes, investment in treasury products, and loan workout expenses.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Net income increased $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $14.5 million, primarily due to greater loan and deposit volumes. The provision for loan and lease losses increased $9.3 million, due to continued loan growth and mix. Non-interest income increased $6.1 million, primarily due to an increase in syndication fees, client interest rate hedging activity, and cash management fees as compared to the same period in 2015. Non-interest expense increased $6.6 million, primarily due to compensation and benefit costs related to strategic new hires, increased costs in support of higher volumes, investment in treasury products, and loan workout expenses.

Commercial Banking Selected Balance Sheet Information:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Total assets	$	8,174,174	$	7,505,513
Loans and leases	8,170,752		7,509,453
Deposits	3,652,739		3,073,276

Loans and leases increased $661.3 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. Loan originations were $2.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $1.9 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Management believes the reserve level is adequate to cover losses in the Commercial Banking portfolio. For additional discussion related to asset quality metrics, see the "Asset Quality" section elsewhere within this report.

Deposits increased $579.5 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015 primarily due to the acquisition of new clients.

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Community Banking

Community Banking serves consumer and business banking customers primarily throughout southern New England and into Westchester County, New York. This segment is comprised of the following: Personal Banking, Business Banking, and a distribution network consisting of 176 banking centers and 349 ATMs, a customer care center, telephone banking, and a full range of web and mobile-based banking services.

Personal Banking includes the following consumer products: deposit and fee-based services, residential mortgages, home equity lines/loans, unsecured consumer loans, and credit cards. In addition, Webster Bank's investment services division offers investment and securities-related services, including brokerage and investment advice through a strategic partnership with LPL, a broker dealer registered with the SEC, and a member of the FINRA, and the SIPC. Webster has employees who are LPL registered representatives located throughout its banking center network.

Business Banking offers credit, deposit, and cash flow management products to businesses and professional service firms with annual revenues of up to $25 million. This unit builds full customer relationships through business bankers and business certified banking center managers supported by a team of customer care center bankers and industry and product specialists.

In December 2015, the Company negotiated an agreement with Citigroup Inc. to assume 17 banking center leases located in the greater Boston market and to purchase the related leasehold improvements. The transaction, which closed in January 2016, significantly increases the Community Banking presence in the Boston market. The transaction did not include the purchase of loans or deposits, and there was no impact to the Company's financial statements in 2015.

Community Banking Results:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net interest income	$	91,522	$	90,370	$	272,725	$	262,214
Provision for loan and lease losses	6,939		8,953		15,572		16,383
Net interest income after provision	84,583		81,417		257,153		245,831
Non-interest income	29,121		26,928		83,219		80,748
Non-interest expense	91,463		82,919		272,823		247,070
Income before income taxes	22,241		25,426		67,549		79,509
Income tax expense	7,121		8,366		22,059		24,821
Net income	$	15,120	$	17,060	$	45,490	$	54,688

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Net income decreased $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $1.2 million, primarily due to growth in both loans and transaction deposits, which was partially offset by the impact of a historically low interest rate environment on the value of deposits. The provision for loan and lease losses decreased $2.0 million due to improvements in asset quality. Non-interest income increased $2.2 million resulting from growth in fees from mortgage banking activities, credit card and cash management activities; partially offset by lower fees from investment management activity and lower NSF fees collected. Non-interest expense increased $8.5 million primarily due to $5.1 million in expenses associated with the Boston expansion as well as increases in compensation, benefits, and marketing expenses partially offset by reduced loan workout and foreclosed property expenses.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Net income decreased $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $10.5 million, primarily due to growth in both loans and deposits, which was partially offset by the impact of a historically low interest rate environment on the value of deposits. The provision for loan and lease losses decreased $0.8 million, due to improvements in asset quality. Non-interest income increased $2.5 million, primarily due to an increase in fees from mortgage banking activities, credit card and client interest rate hedging activities; partially offset by fees from lower investment management activity and lower NSF fees collected. Non-interest expense increased $25.8 million, primarily due to $16.6 million in expenses associated with the Boston expansion as well as increases in compensation, benefits, marketing expenses and expenses tied to branch optimization; partially offset by lower technology costs and loan workout expenses.

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Community Banking Selected Balance Sheet Information and Assets Under Administration:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Total assets	$	8,638,736	$	8,441,950
Loans	7,875,347		7,592,553
Deposits	10,747,274		10,449,231
Not included in above amounts:
Assets under administration	2,973,114		2,762,759

Loans increased $282.8 million to $7.9 billion at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. The net increase is related to growth in residential mortgages, business banking loans, and unsecured personal loans. Loan originations in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 were $1.7 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively. The originations decrease of $254.8 million is due to a decrease in residential mortgage originations.

Deposits increased $298.0 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015 due to growth associated with the Boston expansion and continued growth in business and consumer transaction account balances, which was partially offset by a slight decrease in certificate of deposit and escrow balances.

Additionally, Webster Bank's investment services division's assets under administration increased $210.4 million to $3.0 billion at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015, in its strategic partnership with LPL.

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HSA Bank

HSA Bank offers health savings accounts, health reimbursement accounts, flexible spending accounts, and other financial solutions for employers and individuals. Health savings accounts are used in conjunction with high deductible health plans and are intended to facilitate tax advantages with respect to health care spending for taxpayers holding accounts, in accordance with applicable law. Health savings accounts are offered through employers or directly to consumers and are distributed nationwide directly and through multiple partnerships. HSA Bank deposits provide long duration low cost funding that is used to support the Company’s loan growth and to reduce the Company’s reliance on wholesale funding. HSA Bank generates net interest income through Webster's FTP and non-interest revenue predominantly through service and interchange fees. As of September 30, 2016, there were $5.0 billion in total footings (a combination of $4.2 billion in deposit balances and $0.8 billion in assets under administration through linked brokerage accounts). HSA Bank deposits accounted for 21.8% and 21.2% of the Company’s total deposits as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

HSA Bank Results:



	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net interest income	$	20,560	$	18,852	$	60,484	$	53,080
Non-interest income	16,900		16,386		54,969		46,885
Non-interest expense	23,021		21,273		71,966		60,476
Income before income taxes	14,439		13,965		43,487		39,489
Income tax expense	4,624		4,561		14,201		12,327
Net income	$	9,815	$	9,404	$	29,286	$	27,162

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Net income increased $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $1.7 million, reflecting the growth in deposits, somewhat offset by the change in transfer pricing methodology made due to the impact of a historically low rate environment on the value of the deposits. Non-interest income increased $0.5 million due to an increase in account growth. Non-interest expense increased $1.7 million due to increases in the operational environment to support account growth and continued investment in the operating platform.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Net income increased $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $7.4 million, reflecting the growth in deposits, somewhat offset by the change in transfer pricing methodology made due to the impact of a historically low rate environment on the value of the deposits. Non-interest income increased $8.1 million due to increases in account growth. Included in non-interest income is a $2.7 million adjustment to the fair value of a receivable reflecting contingent consideration due to the Company related to the JPM transaction. Non-interest expense increased $11.5 million due to JPM Chase HSA account migration activities, as well as due to support of new account growth.

HSA Bank Selected Balance Sheet Information and Assets Under Administration:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Total assets	$	92,128	$	95,815
Deposits	4,187,823		3,802,313
Not included in above amounts:
Assets under administration	833,370		692,306

Deposits increased $385.5 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015, driven by organic growth.

Additionally, HSA Bank had $833.4 million in assets under administration through linked brokerage accounts at September 30, 2016 compared to $692.3 million at December 31, 2015.

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Private Banking

Private Banking provides local, full relationship banking that serves high net worth clients, not-for-profit organizations, and business clients for asset management, trust, loan, and deposit products and financial planning services. The segment is focused on generating revenues from fees earned on clients’ assets under management and administration. The majority of the client relationships include lending and/or deposit accounts, which also generate revenues through net interest income, along with ancillary fee and interest rate derivative revenues.

Private Banking Results:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net interest income	$	2,811		$	2,575		$	8,410		$	7,471
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses	417			76			518			(158		)
Net interest income after provision (benefit)	2,394			2,499			7,892			7,629
Non-interest income	2,401			2,215			7,445			6,891
Non-interest expense	5,316			5,026			15,555			14,502
Income before income taxes	(521		)	(312		)	(218		)	18
Income tax expense	(171		)	(96		)	(71		)	5
Net income	$	(350	)	$	(216	)	$	(147	)	$	13

Comparison to Prior Year Quarter

Net income decreased $134 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $0.2 million, driven by a $44.9 million growth in loan balances coupled with a $16.1 million increase in deposit balances. The provision for loan and lease losses increased $341 thousand. Non-interest income increased $0.2 million primarily due to client interest rate hedging activity. Fee income from assets under management and administration was relatively flat. Non-interest expense increased $0.3 million, primarily due to higher compensation and benefits.

Comparison to Prior Year to Date

Net income decreased $160 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015. Net interest income increased $0.9 million, driven by a $44.9 million growth in loan balances coupled with a $16.1 million increase in deposit balances. The provision for loan and lease losses increased $676 thousand. Non-interest income increased $0.6 million primarily due to client interest rate hedging activity. Non-interest expense increased $1.1 million primarily due to higher compensation and benefits.

Private Banking Selected Balance Sheet Information and Assets Under Administration/Management:



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Total assets	$	521,877	$	493,571
Loans	518,015		490,112
Deposits	235,969		228,497
Not include in above amounts:
Assets under administration/management	1,793,424		1,726,385

Loans increased $27.9 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015, as loan originations and advances outpaced principal paydowns. Loan originations in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 were $86.1 million and $141.9 million, respectively. The decrease in originations was primarily due to a lower refinance market for jumbo loans.

Additionally, Private Banking had approximately $262.3 million and $276.1 million in assets under administration at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and approximately $1,531.1 million and $1,450.3 million in assets under management at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Private Banking assets under administration and assets under management include assets attributable to Webster Wealth Advisers, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Webster Financial Corporation, and are administered or managed under contractual arrangements between advisory personnel of that entity and Commonwealth Financial Network, a provider of investment and insurance programs for financial institutions, a broker dealer and investment adviser registered with the SEC and a member of the FINRA and the SIPC. Such assets were $436.5 million at September 30, 2016 compared to $419.8 million at December 31, 2015.

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Financial Condition

Webster had total assets of $25.6 billion at September 30, 2016 and $24.6 billion at December 31, 2015. Loans and leases of $16.4 billion, net of ALLL of $187.9 million, at September 30, 2016 increased $0.9 billion compared to loans and leases of $15.5 billion, net of ALLL of $175.0 million, at December 31, 2015. The increases were driven by strong loan origination activity. Total deposits of $19.2 billion at September 30, 2016 increased $1.2 billion compared to total deposits of $18.0 billion at December 31, 2015. Non-interest-bearing and interest bearing deposits increased 7.6% and 6.8%, respectively, during the period.

At September 30, 2016, total shareholders' equity of $2.5 billion increased $97.7 million compared to total shareholders' equity of $2.4 billion at December 31, 2015. Changes in shareholders' equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 included increases of $149.5 million for net income and $25.0 million in other comprehensive income, partially offset by $67.0 million in common dividends, $6.1 million in preferred dividends, and $16.6 million of treasury stock at cost.

The quarterly cash dividend to shareholders has been increased to $0.25 per common share since April 25, 2016. See the selected financial highlights under the "Results of Operations" section and Note 10: Regulatory Matters in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for information on Webster’s regulatory capital levels and ratios.

Investment Securities

Webster Bank's investment securities portfolio is managed within regulatory guidelines and corporate policy, which include limitations on aspects such as concentrations in and type of investments as well as minimum risk ratings per type of security. The OCC may establish additional individual limits on a certain type of investment if the concentration in such investment presents a safety and soundness concern. The Holding Company also may hold investment securities directly.

Webster maintains, through its Corporate Treasury Unit, an investment securities portfolio that is primarily structured to provide a source of liquidity for operating needs, to generate interest income, and as a means to manage interest-rate risk. The portfolio is classified into two major categories, available-for-sale and held-to-maturity. The available-for-sale portfolio consists primarily of Agency CMO, Agency MBS, Agency CMBS, CMBS, and CLO. The held-to-maturity portfolio consists primarily of Agency CMO, Agency MBS, Agency CMBS, municipal bonds and notes, and CMBS. At September 30, 2016, the Company had no investments in obligations of individual states, counties, or municipalities which exceeded 10% of consolidated shareholders’ equity. The combined carrying value of investment securities totaled $7.1 billion and $6.9 billion at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Available-for-sale securities increased by $55.5 million, primarily due to principal purchase activity exceeding principal paydowns. Held-to-maturity securities increased by $99.3 million, primarily due to purchase activity exceeding principal paydowns. On a tax-equivalent basis, the yield in the securities portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 was 2.98% and 3.04%, respectively.

The Company held $1.4 billion in investment securities that are in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2016. Approximately $0.5 billion of this total has been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months, while the remainder, $0.9 billion, has been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer. The total unrealized loss was $14.8 million at September 30, 2016. These investment securities were evaluated by management and were determined not to exhibit OTTI. The Company does not have the intent to sell these investment securities, and it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell these securities before the recovery of their cost basis. To the extent that credit movements and other related factors influence the fair value of investments, the Company may be required to record impairment charges for OTTI in future periods.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded $149 thousand charge for OTTI on its available-for-sale securities. The amortized cost of available-for-sale securities is net of $3.4 million and $3.3 million of OTTI at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, related to previously impaired CLO securities identified as Covered Fund investments as defined under Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act, and commonly known as the Volcker Rule.

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The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities:



	At September 30, 2016									At December 31, 2015
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury Bills	$	985	$	—	$	—		$	985	$	924	$	—	$	—		$	924
Agency CMO	457,768		7,453		(1,491		)	463,730		546,168		5,532		(2,946		)	548,754
Agency MBS	992,742		11,051		(2,779		)	1,001,014		1,075,941		6,459		(17,291		)	1,065,109
Agency CMBS	481,079		3,435		(106		)	484,408		215,670		639		(959		)	215,350
CMBS	465,120		4,794		(1,553		)	468,361		574,686		7,485		(2,905		)	579,266
CLO	481,555		3,132		(451		)	484,236		431,837		592		(3,270		)	429,159
Single issuer trust preferred securities	42,312		63		(4,264		)	38,111		42,168		—		(4,998		)	37,170
Corporate debt securities	97,149		2,117		—			99,266		104,031		2,290		—			106,321
Equities - financial services	—		—		—			—		3,499		—		(921		)	2,578
Securities available-for-sale	$	3,018,710	$	32,045	$	(10,644	)	$	3,040,111	$	2,994,924	$	22,997	$	(33,290	)	$	2,984,631
Held-to-maturity:
Agency CMO	$	371,700	$	4,353	$	(890	)	$	375,163	$	407,494	$	3,717	$	(2,058	)	$	409,153
Agency MBS	2,072,481		48,397		(1,544		)	2,119,334		2,030,176		38,813		(19,908		)	2,049,081
Agency CMBS	624,403		14,449		—			638,852		686,086		4,253		(325		)	690,014
Municipal bonds and notes	610,690		13,658		(1,682		)	622,666		435,905		12,019		(417		)	447,507
CMBS	341,019		10,935		(80		)	351,874		360,018		5,046		(2,704		)	362,360
Private Label MBS	2,039		15		—			2,054		3,373		46		—			3,419
Securities held-to-maturity	$	4,022,332	$	91,807	$	(4,196	)	$	4,109,943	$	3,923,052	$	63,894	$	(25,412	)	$	3,961,534

The benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury rate decreased to 1.60% on September 30, 2016 from 2.27% on December 31, 2015. Webster has the ability to use the investment portfolio, as well as interest-rate financial instruments within internal policy guidelines, to hedge and administer interest-rate risk as part of its asset/liability management strategy. See Note 12: Derivative Financial Instruments in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for additional information concerning derivative financial instruments.

Alternative Investments

Investments in Private Equity Funds. The Company has investments in private equity funds. These investments, which totaled $11.0 million at September 30, 2016 and $10.9 million at December 31, 2015, are included in other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The majority of these funds are held at cost based on ownership percentage in the fund, while some are accounted for at fair value using a net asset value. See a further discussion of fair value in Note 13: Fair Value Measurements in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report. The Company recognized a net loss of $183 thousand and a net gain of $39 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and net gains of $1.2 million and $2.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. These amounts are included in other non-interest income in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other Non-Marketable Investments. The Company holds certain non-marketable investments, which include preferred share ownership in other equity ventures. These investments, which totaled $5.8 million at September 30, 2016 and $5.5 million at December 31, 2015, are included in other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These funds are held at cost and subject to impairment testing. The Company recorded net gains of $8 thousand and $47 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, and $27 thousand and $66 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, related to these investments. These amounts are included in other non-interest income in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Volcker Rule prohibits investments in private equity funds and non-public funds that are considered Covered Funds. Conformance with the final rule is required by July 21, 2017 for certain non-compliant Covered Funds, as defined in the regulation. A compliance extension beyond July 21, 2017 may be available upon regulatory approval.

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Loans and Leases

The following table provides the composition of loans and leases:



	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		%	Amount		%
Residential	$	4,212,927	25.3	$	4,042,960	25.8
Consumer:
Home equity	2,335,921		14.1	2,360,244		15.1
Liquidating - home equity	69,570		0.4	79,171		0.5
Other consumer	287,393		1.7	248,830		1.6
Total consumer	2,692,884		16.2	2,688,245		17.2
Commercial:
Commercial non-mortgage	3,991,024		24.0	3,575,042		22.8
Asset-based	806,031		4.8	755,709		4.8
Total commercial	4,797,055		28.9	4,330,751		27.6
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	3,954,120		23.8	3,696,596		23.6
Commercial construction	330,573		2.0	300,246		1.9
Total commercial real estate	4,284,693		25.8	3,996,842		25.5
Equipment financing	616,107		3.7	594,984		3.8
Net unamortized premiums	8,930		0.1	7,477		—
Net deferred fees	10,805		0.1	10,476		0.1
Total loans and leases	$	16,623,401	100.0	$	15,671,735	100.0

Total residential loans were $4.2 billion at September 30, 2016, an increase of $170.0 million from December 31, 2015. The net increase is a result of direct and correspondent originations, partially offset by payments and payoffs.

Total consumer loans were $2.7 billion at September 30, 2016, an increase of $4.6 million from December 31, 2015. The net increase is primarily due to the purchase of in-footprint loans.

Total commercial loans were $4.8 billion at September 30, 2016, an increase of $466.3 million from December 31, 2015. The net increase primarily related to new originations of $1.3 billion, offset by payments and payoffs.

Total commercial real estate loans were $4.3 billion at September 30, 2016, an increase of $287.9 million from December 31, 2015. The net increase is a result of fundings of $805.1 million, offset by payments and payoffs.

Equipment financing loans and leases were $616.1 million at September 30, 2016, an increase of $21.1 million from December 31, 2015. The net increase primarily related to new originations of $171.3 million, offset by payments and payoffs.

Asset Quality

Management maintains asset quality within established risk tolerance levels through its underwriting standards, servicing, and management of loans and leases. Non-performing assets, loan and lease delinquency, and credit loss levels are considered to be key measures of asset quality.

The following table provides key asset quality ratios:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
Non-performing loans and leases as a percentage of loans and leases	0.77	%	0.89	%
Non-performing assets as a percentage of loans and leases plus OREO	0.80		0.92
Non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets	0.52		0.59
ALLL as a percentage of non-performing loans and leases	146.57		125.05
ALLL as a percentage of loans and leases	1.13		1.12
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases ⁽¹⁾	0.26		0.23
Ratio of ALLL to net charge-offs ⁽¹⁾	4.56x		5.21x


(1)	Calculated for the September 30, 2016 period based on the year-to-date net charge-offs, annualized.

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Non-performing Assets

The following table provides information regarding lending-related non-performing assets:



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount ⁽¹⁾		% ⁽²⁾		Amount ⁽¹⁾		% ⁽²⁾
Residential	$	49,117	1.17	%	$	54,101	1.34	%
Consumer:
Home equity	32,724		1.40		33,414		1.42
Liquidating - home equity	2,828		4.06		3,865		4.88
Other consumer	1,570		0.55		558		0.22
Total consumer	37,122		1.38		37,837		1.41
Commercial:
Commercial non-mortgage	27,398		0.69		27,086		0.76
Asset-based loans	—		—		—		—
Total commercial	27,398		0.57		27,086		0.63
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	10,941		0.28		16,750		0.45
Commercial construction	3,438		1.04		3,461		1.15
Total commercial real estate	14,379		0.34		20,211		0.51
Equipment financing	202		0.03		706		0.12
Total non-performing loans and leases⁽³⁾	128,218		0.77		139,941		0.89
Deferred costs and unamortized premiums	141				128
Total recorded investment in non-performing loans and leases	$	128,359			$	140,069


Total non-performing loans and leases	$	128,218			$	139,941
Foreclosed and repossessed assets:
Residential and consumer	3,754				5,029
Commercial and equipment financing	378				—
Total foreclosed and repossessed assets	$	4,132			$	5,029
Total non-performing assets	$	132,350			$	144,970


(1)	Balances by class exclude the impact of net deferred costs and unamortized premiums.


(2)	Represents the principal balance of non-performing loans and leases as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance within the comparable loan and lease category. The percentage excludes the impact of deferred costs and unamortized premiums.


(3)	Includes non-accrual restructured loans and leases of $74.1 million at September 30, 2016 and $100.9 million at December 31, 2015.

The following table provides detail of non-performing loan and lease activity:



	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	139,941		$	129,881
Additions	73,990			114,404
Paydowns/draws	(46,778		)	(58,536		)
Charge-offs	(32,999		)	(20,716		)
Other reductions	(5,936		)	(6,030		)
Ending balance	$	128,218		$	159,003

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Impaired Loans and Leases

Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. Impairment is evaluated on a pooled basis for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature. Consumer and residential loans for which the borrower has been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy are considered collateral dependent impaired loans at the date of discharge. Commercial, commercial real estate, and equipment financing loans and leases over a specific dollar amount, risk rated substandard or worse, and non-accruing, all TDRs, and all loans that have had a partial charge-off are evaluated individually for impairment. Impairment may be evaluated at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the original interest rate of the loan or at the fair value of collateral, less estimated selling costs. To the extent that an impaired loan or lease balance is collateral dependent, the Company determines the fair value of the collateral.

For residential and consumer collateral dependent loans, a third-party appraisal is obtained upon loan default. Fair value of the collateral for residential and consumer collateral dependent loans is reevaluated every six months, by either a new appraisal or other valuation methods. Fair value is also reassessed, with any excess amount charged off, for consumer loans that reach 180 days past due in accordance with Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council guidelines. For commercial, commercial real estate, and equipment financing collateral dependent loans and leases, Webster's impairment process requires the Company to determine the fair value of the collateral by obtaining a third-party appraisal or asset valuation, an interim valuation analysis, blue book reference, or other internal methods. Fair value of the collateral for commercial loans is reevaluated quarterly. Whenever the Company has a third-party real estate appraisal performed by independent licensed appraisers, a licensed in-house appraisal officer or qualified reviewer reviews these appraisals for compliance with the Financial Institutions Reform Recovery and Enforcement Act and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice.

A fair value shortfall is recorded as an impairment reserve against the ALLL. Subsequent to an appraisal or other fair value estimate, should reliable information come to management's attention that the value has declined further, additional impairment may be recorded to reflect the particular situation, thereby increasing the ALLL. Any impaired loan for which no specific valuation allowance was necessary at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 is the result of either sufficient cash flow or sufficient collateral coverage of the book balance.

At September 30, 2016, there were 1,667 impaired loans and leases with a recorded investment balance of $257.7 million, which included loans and leases of $166.8 million with an impairment allowance of $19.5 million. This compares to 1,764 impaired loans and leases with a recorded investment balance of $279.2 million, which included loans and leases of $183.9 million, with an impairment allowance of $22.2 million at December 31, 2015.

The overall reduction in the number of impaired loans is due primarily to small dollar consumer loans resolved during the current period. Overall commercial impaired balances did not change in the quarter due to four credits entering impaired status offset by the resolution of four credits. The reduction of $2.7 million in impaired reserve balance reflects management's current assessment on the resolution of these credits based on collateral considerations, guarantees, or expected future cash flows of the impaired loans.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A modified loan is considered a TDR when two conditions are met: (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties; and (ii) the modification constitutes a concession. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. The Company considers all aspects of the restructuring in determining whether a concession has been granted, including the debtor's ability to access market rate funds. In general, a concession exists when the modified terms of the loan are more attractive to the borrower than standard market terms. The most common types of modifications include covenant modifications, forbearance, and/or other concessions. If the modification agreement is violated, the loan is reevaluated to determine if it should be handled by the Company’s Restructuring and Recovery group for resolution, which may result in foreclosure. Loans for which the borrower has been discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy are considered collateral dependent TDRs and thus, impaired at the date of discharge and charged down to the fair value of collateral less cost to sell.

The Company’s policy is to place consumer loan TDRs, except those that were performing prior to TDR status, on non-accrual status for a minimum period of six months. Commercial TDRs are evaluated on a case-by-case basis for determination of whether or not to place them on non-accrual status. Loans qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated performance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement for a minimum of six months. Initially, all TDRs are reported as impaired. Generally, a TDR is classified as an impaired loan and reported as a TDR for the remaining life of the loan. Impaired and TDR classification may be removed if the borrower demonstrates compliance with the modified terms for a minimum of six months and through one fiscal year-end, and the restructuring agreement specifies a market rate of interest equal to that which would be provided to a borrower with similar credit at the time of restructuring. In the limited circumstance that a loan is removed from TDR classification, it is the Company’s policy to continue to base its measure of loan impairment on the contractual terms specified by the loan agreement.

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The following tables provide information for TDRs:



	Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	272,690		$	320,170
Additions	32,996			17,615
Paydowns/draws	(49,906		)	(72,573		)
Charge-offs	(17,927		)	(7,574		)
Transfers to OREO	(1,853		)	(1,462		)
Ending balance	$	236,000		$	256,176



(In thousands)	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
Accrual status	$	161,853		$	171,784
Non-accrual status	74,147			100,906
Total recorded investment of TDRs ⁽¹⁾	$	236,000		$	272,690
Accruing TDRs performing under modified terms more than one year	54.1		%	55.0		%
Specific reserves for TDRs included in the balance of ALLL	$	16,302		$	21,405
Additional funds committed to borrowers in TDR status	1,316			1,133


(1)	Excludes accrued interest receivable of $0.8 million at September 30, 2016 and $1.1 million at December 31, 2015.

Overall, TDR balances declined $36.7 million at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015. The decline is primarily a result of a resolution of one large commercial credit that was charged down in the first quarter. In the prior quarter, three commercial credits paid off while two were added. The September 30, 2016 specific reserves for TDRs declined from year end, and reflects management’s current assessment of reserve requirements.

Delinquent loans and leases

The following table provides information regarding loans and leases past due 30 days or more and accruing income:



	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount ⁽¹⁾		% ⁽²⁾	Amount ⁽¹⁾		% ⁽²⁾
Residential	$	11,081	0.26	$	15,032	0.37
Consumer:
Home equity	10,926		0.47	12,225		0.52
Liquidating - home equity	1,415		2.03	1,036		1.31
Other consumer	3,108		1.08	2,000		0.80
Commercial:
Commercial non-mortgage	2,522		0.06	4,052		0.11
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate	1,229		0.03	2,250		0.06
Equipment financing	3,477		0.56	602		0.10
Loans and leases past due 30-89 days	33,758		0.20	37,197		0.24
Residential	—		—	2,029		0.05
Commercial non-mortgage	22		—	22		—
Commercial Real Estate	5,437		0.14	—		—
Loans and leases past due 90 days and accruing	5,459		0.03	2,051		0.01
Total loans and leases over 30 days past due and accruing income	$	39,217	0.24	$	39,248	0.25
Deferred costs and unamortized premiums	60			86
Total	$	39,277		$	39,334


(1)	Past due loan and lease balances exclude non-accrual loans and leases.


(2)	Represents the principal balance of past due loans and leases as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance within the comparable loan and lease category. The percentage excludes the impact of deferred costs and unamortized premiums.

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Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Methodology

The ALLL is maintained at a level deemed sufficient by management to cover probable losses in the loan and lease portfolios. Executive management reviews and advises on the adequacy of these reserves. The ALLL policy is considered a critical accounting policy.

The quarterly process for estimating probable losses is based on predictive models, the current risk profile of loan portfolios, and other relevant factors. Management's judgment and assumptions influence loss estimates and ALLL balances. Management considers factors such as the nature and volume of portfolio growth, national and regional economic conditions and trends, and other internal performance metrics, and how each of these factors is expected to impact near term loss trends. While actual future conditions and realized losses may vary significantly from assumptions, management believes the ALLL is adequate as of September 30, 2016.

Webster’s methodology for assessing an appropriate level of the ALLL includes three key elements:


•	Impaired loans and leases are either analyzed on an individual or pooled basis and assessed for specific reserves based on collateral, cash flow, and probability of re-default specific to each loan or lease;

•

Loans and leases with similar risk characteristics are segmented into homogeneous pools and modeled using quantitative methods. The commercial portfolio loss estimate is based on the expected loss methodology specifically, probability of default and loss given default. Changes in risk ratings and other risk factors, for both performing and non-performing loans and leases, will affect the calculation of the allowance. Residential and consumer portfolio loss estimates are based on roll rate models. Key assumptions that impact forecasted losses are refreshed at least annually. These include the LEP that determines the forecast horizon for each portfolio, and the LBP that determines the amount of historical data used to calculate probability of default, loss given default, and delinquency migration rates. Webster Bank considers other quantitative contributing factors for risks impacting the performance of loan portfolios that are not explicitly included in the quantitative models and may adjust loss estimates based on these factors. Contributing factors may include, but are not limited to, collateral values, unemployment, and other changes in economic activity, and internal performance metrics; and

•

Webster Bank also considers qualitative factors that are not explicitly factored in the quantitative models but that can have an incremental or regressive impact on losses incurred in the current loan and lease portfolio. Examples include staffing levels, credit concentrations, and macro-economic trends. The quantitative and qualitative contributing factors are consistent with interagency regulatory guidance.

As part of the Company's annual review and update of ALLL assumptions, management has performed an analysis of the loss emergence period (LEP) for both commercial and consumer loans, using charge-off data, servicing data and behavioral data. The analysis confirms the current LEP for each line of business. Management also annually updates the probabilities of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) that serve as the basis for the Commercial loss models. PD/LGD’s were updated this quarter to include the most recent year of default and charge-off data. An analysis of the look back periods (LBP) used in the Commercial and Consumer loss models is performed in conjunction with the PD/LGD update. The Commercial models continue to use a LBP that goes back to 2007, with the more recent 2011-2015 years weighted more heavily than the 2007-2010 prior years. Consumer models continue to use a one year LBP. The updates, coupled with the update of the qualitative factors, did not have a material impact on the overall ALLL.

ALLL reserve coverage for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased to 1.13% compared to 1.12% at December 31, 2015, reflecting an updated assessment of probable losses. The ALLL reserve remains adequate to cover probable losses in the loan and lease portfolios. The asset quality of the portfolio remained relatively steady with high quality originations and a small increase in classified loans during the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Webster Bank has credit policies and procedures in place designed to support loan growth within an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. To assist management with its review, reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies, non-performing loans, and potential problem loans are generated by loan reporting systems.

Commercial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower’s ability to operate and service its debt. Underwriting standards are designed in support for the promotion of relationships rather than transactional banking. Once it is determined that the borrower’s management possesses sound ethics and solid business acumen, the Company examines current and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay obligations as agreed. Commercial and industrial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers; however, may not be as expected, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed and may incorporate personal guarantees of the principals.

Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans, in addition to those specific to real estate loans. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured

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by real estate. Repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan, the market in which the property is located, and the tenants of the property securing the loan. The properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse in terms of type and geographic location, which reduces the Company's exposure to adverse economic events that may affect a particular market. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography, and risk grade criteria. Commercial real estate loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The Company also utilizes third-party experts to provide insight and guidance about economic conditions and trends affecting its commercial real estate loan portfolio.

Commercial construction loans have unique risk characteristics and are provided to experienced developers/sponsors with strong track records of successful completion and sound financial condition and are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisals, sensitivity analysis of absorption and lease rates, and financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Commercial construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. These estimates may be subject to change as the construction project proceeds. In addition, these loans often include partial or full completion guarantees. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property, or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored with on-site inspections by third-party professionals and the Company's internal staff.

Policies and procedures are in place to manage consumer loan risk and are developed and modified, as needed. Policies and procedures, coupled with relatively small loan amounts, and predominately collateralized structures spread across many individual borrowers, minimize risk. Trend and outlook reports are reviewed by management on a regular basis. Underwriting factors for mortgage and home equity loans include the borrower’s FICO score, the loan amount relative to property value, and the borrower’s debt to income level and are also influenced by regulatory requirements. Additionally, Webster Bank originates both qualified mortgage and non-qualified mortgage loans as defined by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau rules that went into effect on January 10, 2014, with appropriate policies, procedures, and underwriting guidelines that include ability-to-repay standards.

The ALLL methodology for groups of loans collectively evaluated for impairment is comprised of both a quantitative and qualitative analysis. A key assumption in the quantitative component of the reserve is the LEP, which is an estimate of the average amount of time from an event signaling the potential inability of a borrower to continue to pay as agreed to the point at which a loss on that loan is confirmed. In general, the LEP is expected to be shorter in an economic slowdown or recession and longer during times of economic stability or growth as customers are better able to delay loss confirmation after a potential loss event has occurred. Another key ALLL assumption is the LBP, which represents the historical period of time over which data is used to estimate loss rates. Commercial loss models use an LBP that extends from 2007 through the first half of 2016.

At September 30, 2016 the ALLL was $187.9 million compared to $175.0 million at December 31, 2015. The increase of $12.9 million in the reserve at September 30, 2016 compared to December 31, 2015 is primarily due to continued growth in the commercial portfolio. The ALLL as a percentage of the total loan and lease portfolio increased to 1.13% at September 30, 2016 from 1.12% at December 31, 2015, reflecting an updated assessment of embedded losses. The ALLL as a percentage of total non-performing loans and leases increased to 146.57% at September 30, 2016 from 125.05% at December 31, 2015.

The following table provides an allocation of the ALLL by portfolio segment:



	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		% ⁽¹⁾	Amount		% ⁽¹⁾
Residential	$	24,739	0.58	$	25,876	0.64
Consumer	43,995		1.63	42,052		1.56
Commercial	75,982		1.59	66,686		1.55
Commercial real estate	36,769		0.86	34,889		0.87
Equipment financing	6,440		1.04	5,487		0.91
Total ALLL	$	187,925	1.13	$	174,990	1.12


(1)	Percentage represents allocated ALLL to total loans and leases within the comparable category. However, the allocation of a portion of the ALLL to one category of loans and leases does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.

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The following table provides detail of activity in the ALLL:



	At or for the three months ended September 30,						At or for the nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	180,428		$	167,860		$	174,990		$	159,264
Provision	14,250			13,000			43,850			35,500
Charge-offs:
Residential	(1,304		)	(1,588		)	(3,536		)	(5,004		)
Consumer	(5,259		)	(4,831		)	(14,236		)	(12,980		)
Commercial	(2,561		)	(2,204		)	(17,294		)	(5,000		)
Commercial real estate	—			(1,346		)	(2,521		)	(5,590		)
Equipment financing	(300		)	—			(521		)	(30		)
Total charge-offs	(9,424		)	(9,969		)	(38,108		)	(28,604		)
Recoveries:
Residential	554			281			1,408			758
Consumer	1,313			1,004			3,721			3,215
Commercial	370			715			1,143			2,259
Commercial real estate	194			69			480			323
Equipment financing	240			32			441			277
Total recoveries	2,671			2,101			7,193			6,832
Net charge-offs	(6,753		)	(7,868		)	(30,915		)	(21,772		)
Ending balance	$	187,925		$	172,992		$	187,925		$	172,992

The following table provides a summary of total net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans and leases by category:



	Three months ended September 30,								Nine months ended September 30,
	2016				2015				2016			2015
(Dollars in thousands)	Net (Charge-offs) Recoveries			Net Charge-off Rate ⁽¹⁾	Net (Charge-offs) Recoveries			Net Charge-off Rate ⁽¹⁾	Net (Charge-offs) Recoveries		Net Charge-off Rate ⁽¹⁾	Net (Charge-offs) Recoveries			Net Charge-off Rate ⁽¹⁾
Residential	$	750		0.07%	$	1,307		0.13%	$	2,128	0.07%	$	4,246		0.15%
Consumer	3,946			0.58	3,827			0.58	10,515		0.51	9,765			0.50
Commercial	2,191			0.19	1,489			0.15	16,151		0.48	2,741			0.09
Commercial real estate	(194		)	(0.02)	1,277			0.13	2,041		0.07	5,267			0.19
Equipment financing	60			0.04	(32		)	(0.02)	80		0.02	(247		)	(0.06)
Total Net Charge-offs	$	6,753		0.16	$	7,868		0.21	$	30,915	0.26	$	21,772		0.20


(1)	Total net charge-offs to total average loans and leases. Calculated based on period to date net charge-offs (recoveries), annualized.

Net charge-offs decreased $1.1 million and increased $9.1 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2015 is primarily due to one large charge off in the first quarter of this year.

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Sources of Funds and Liquidity

Sources of Funds. The primary source of Webster Bank’s cash flows for use in lending and meeting its general operational needs is deposits. Operating activities, such as loan and mortgage-backed securities repayments, and securities sale proceeds and maturities, also provide cash flows. While scheduled loan and security repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, loan and investment security prepayments and deposit inflows are influenced by prevailing interest rates and local economic conditions and are inherently uncertain. Additional sources of funds are provided by FHLB advances or other borrowings.

Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock. Webster Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank System, which consists of twelve district Federal Home Loan Banks, each subject to the supervision and regulation of the Federal Housing Finance Agency. An activity-based FHLB capital stock investment is required in order for Webster Bank to access advances and other extensions of credit for sources of funds and liquidity purposes. The FHLB capital stock investment is restricted in that there is no market for it, and it can only be redeemed by the FHLB. Webster Bank held $134.4 million of FHLB capital stock at September 30, 2016 and $137.6 million at December 31, 2015, for its membership and for outstanding advances and other extensions of credit. On August 2, 2016, the FHLB paid a cash dividend equal to an annual yield of 3.65%.

Additionally, Webster Bank is required to hold FRB stock equal to 6% of its capital and surplus of which 50% is paid. The remaining 50% is subject to call when deemed necessary by the FRB. The FRB capital stock investment is restricted in that there is no market for it, and it can only be redeemed by the FRB. At both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, Webster Bank held $50.7 million of FRB capital stock. Beginning in 2016, the semi-annual dividend payment from the FRB will be calculated as the lesser of three percent or yield of the 10-year Treasury note auctioned at the last auction held prior to the payment of the dividend.

Deposits. Webster Bank offers a wide variety of deposit products for checking and savings (including: ATM and debit card use, direct deposit, ACH payments, combined statements, mobile banking services, internet-based banking, bank by mail, as well as overdraft protection via line of credit or transfer from another deposit account) designed to meet the transactional, savings, and investment needs for both consumer and business customers throughout 176 banking centers within its primary market area. Webster Bank manages the flow of funds in its deposit accounts and provides a variety of accounts and rates consistent with FDIC regulations. Webster Bank’s Retail Pricing Committee and its Commercial and Institutional Liability Pricing Committee meet regularly to determine pricing and marketing initiatives.

Total deposits were $19.2 billion at September 30, 2016 compared to $18.0 billion at December 31, 2015. The increase is predominately related to health savings accounts up $0.4 billion and money market accounts up $0.4 billion. See Note 7: Deposits in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for additional information.

Borrowings. Utilized as a source of funding for liquidity and interest rate risk management purposes, borrowings primarily consist of FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, whereby securities are delivered to counterparties under an agreement to repurchase the securities at a fixed price in the future. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, FHLB advances totaled $2.6 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively. Webster Bank had additional borrowing capacity from the FHLB of approximately $1.4 billion at September 30, 2016 compared to $1.2 billion at December 31, 2015. Webster Bank also had additional borrowing capacity at the FRB of $0.6 billion at both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. In addition, unpledged securities of $4.3 billion at September 30, 2016 could have been used to increase borrowing capacity by $3.4 billion at the FHLB or $3.3 billion at the FRB, or alternatively used to collateralize other borrowings such as repurchase agreements.

In addition, Webster Bank may utilize term and overnight Fed funds to meet short-term liquidity needs. The Company's long-term debt consists of senior fixed-rate notes maturing in 2024 and junior subordinated notes maturing in 2033. Total borrowed funds were $3.6 billion at September 30, 2016 compared to $4.0 billion at December 31, 2015. Borrowings represented 14.1% and 16.4% of total assets at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The reduction in borrowings was primarily related to FHLB advances maturing within one year and Fed funds purchased. For additional information, see Note 8: Borrowings in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report.

Liquidity. Webster meets its cash flow requirements at an efficient cost under various operating environments through proactive liquidity management at both the Holding Company and Webster Bank. Liquidity comes from a variety of cash flow sources such as operating activities, including principal and interest payments on loans and investments, or financing activities, including unpledged securities, which can be sold or utilized to secure funding, and new deposits. Webster is committed to maintaining a strong, increasing base of core deposits to support growth in its loan and lease portfolio. Liquidity is reviewed and managed in order to maintain stable, cost effective funding to promote overall balance sheet strength. Net cash provided by operating activities was $186.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to $182.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

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Holding Company Liquidity. The primary source of liquidity at the Holding Company is dividends from Webster Bank. To a lesser extent, investment income, net proceeds from investment sales, borrowings, and public offerings may provide additional liquidity. The main uses of liquidity are the payment of principal and interest to holders of senior notes and capital securities, the payment of dividends to preferred and common shareholders, repurchases of its common stock, and purchases of available-for-sale securities. There are certain restrictions on the payment of dividends by Webster Bank to the Holding Company, which is described in the section captioned "Supervision and Regulation" in Item 1 of Webster’s 2015 Form 10-K. At September 30, 2016, there was $288.7 million of retained earnings available for the payment of dividends by Webster Bank to the Holding Company. Webster Bank paid $115 million in dividends to the Holding Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

The Company has a common stock repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors, with $15.5 million of remaining repurchase authority at September 30, 2016. In addition, Webster periodically acquires common shares outside of the repurchase program related to stock compensation plan activity. The Company records the purchase of shares of common stock at cost based on the settlement date for these transactions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, a total of 509,703 shares of common stock were repurchased at a cost of approximately $16.6 million, of which 350,000 shares were purchased under the common stock repurchase program at a cost of approximately $11.2 million, and 159,703 shares were purchased related to stock compensation plan activity at a cost of approximately $5.4 million.

Webster Bank Liquidity. Webster Bank's primary source of funding is core deposits, consisting of demand, checking, savings, health savings, and money market accounts. The primary use of this funding is for loan portfolio growth. Webster Bank had a loan to total deposit ratio of 86.6% and 87.3% at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Webster Bank is required by OCC regulations to maintain liquidity sufficient to ensure safe and sound operations. Whether liquidity is adequate, as assessed by the OCC, depends on such factors as the overall asset/liability structure, market conditions, competition, and the nature of the institution’s deposit and loan customers. Webster Bank exceeded all regulatory liquidity requirements as of September 30, 2016. Webster has a detailed liquidity contingency plan designed to respond to liquidity concerns in a prompt and comprehensive manner. It is designed to provide early detection of potential problems and details specific actions required to address liquidity stress scenarios.

Applicable OCC regulations require Webster Bank, as a commercial bank, to satisfy certain minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements. As an OCC regulated commercial institution, it is also subject to a minimum tangible capital requirement. As of September 30, 2016, Webster Bank was in compliance with all applicable capital requirements and exceeded the FDIC requirements for a well-capitalized institution. See Note 10: Regulatory Matters in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for a further discussion of regulatory requirements applicable to Webster Financial Corporation and Webster Bank.

The liquidity position of the Company is continuously monitored, and adjustments are made to the balance between sources and uses of funds as deemed appropriate. Management is not aware of any events that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s liquidity, capital resources, or operations. In addition, management is not aware of any regulatory recommendations regarding liquidity, which, if implemented, would have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Webster engages in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with GAAP, are not recorded in the financial statements or are recorded in amounts that differ from the notional amounts. Such transactions are utilized in the normal course of business, for general corporate purposes or for customer financing needs. Corporate purpose transactions are structured to manage credit, interest rate, and liquidity risks, or to optimize capital. Customer transactions are structured to manage their funding requirements or facilitate certain trade arrangements. These transactions give rise to, in varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate, and liquidity risk. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, Webster did not engage in any off-balance sheet transactions that would have a material effect on its financial condition. For additional information, see Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report.

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Asset/Liability Management and Market Risk

An effective asset/liability management process must balance the risks and rewards from both short and long-term interest rate risks in determining management strategy and action. To facilitate and manage this process, interest rate sensitivity is monitored on an ongoing basis by ALCO. The primary goal of ALCO is to manage interest rate risk to maximize net income and net economic value over time in changing interest rate environments subject to Board approved risk limits. The Board sets policy limits for earnings at risk for parallel ramps in interest rates over twelve months of plus and minus 100 and 200 basis points. Economic value or "equity at risk" limits are set for parallel shocks in interest rates of plus and minus 100 and 200 basis points. Based on the historic lows in short-term interest rates at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the declining interest rate scenarios for both the earnings at risk for parallel ramps and the equity at risk for parallel shocks have been temporarily suspended per ALCO policy. ALCO also regularly reviews earnings at risk scenarios for non-parallel changes in rates, as well as longer-term earnings at risk for up to four years in the future.

Management measures interest rate risk using simulation analysis to calculate earnings and equity at risk. These risk measures are quantified using simulation software from one of the leading firms in the field of asset/liability modeling. Key assumptions relate to the behavior of interest rates and spreads, prepayment speeds, and the run-off of deposits. From such simulations, interest rate risk is quantified, and appropriate strategies are formulated and implemented.

Earnings at risk is defined as the change in earnings (excluding provision for loan and lease losses and income tax expense) due to changes in interest rates. Interest rates are assumed to change up or down in a parallel fashion, and earnings results are compared to a flat rate scenario as a base. The flat rate scenario holds the end of the period yield curve constant over the twelve month forecast horizon. Earnings simulation analysis incorporates assumptions about balance sheet changes such as asset and liability growth, loan and deposit pricing, and changes to the mix of assets and liabilities. It is a measure of short-term interest rate risk. Equity at risk is defined as the change in the net economic value of assets and liabilities due to changes in interest rates compared to a base net economic value. Equity at risk analyzes sensitivity in the present value of cash flows over the expected life of existing assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts. It is a measure of the long-term interest rate risk to future earnings streams embedded in the current balance sheet.

Asset sensitivity is defined as earnings or net economic value increasing compared to a base scenario when interest rates rise and decreasing when interest rates fall. In other words, assets are more sensitive to changing interest rates than liabilities and, therefore, re-price faster. Likewise, liability sensitivity is defined as earnings or net economic value decreasing compared to a base scenario when interest rates rise and increasing when interest rates fall.

Key assumptions underlying the present value of cash flows include the behavior of interest rates and spreads, asset prepayment speeds, and attrition rates on deposits. Cash flow projections from the model are compared to market expectations for similar collateral types and adjusted based on experience with Webster Bank's own portfolio. The model's valuation results are compared to observable market prices for similar instruments whenever possible. The behavior of deposit and loan customers is studied using historical time series analysis to model future customer behavior under varying interest rate environments.

The equity at risk simulation process uses multiple interest rate paths generated by an arbitrage-free trinomial lattice term structure model. The Base Case rate scenario, against which all others are compared, uses the month-end LIBOR/Swap yield curve as a starting point to derive forward rates for future months. Using interest rate swap option volatilities as inputs, the model creates multiple rate paths for this scenario with forward rates as the mean. In shock scenarios, the starting yield curve is shocked up or down in a parallel fashion. Future rate paths are then constructed in a similar manner to the Base Case.

Cash flows for all instruments are generated using product specific prepayment models and account specific system data for properties such as maturity date, amortization type, coupon rate, repricing frequency, and repricing date. The asset/liability simulation software is enhanced with a mortgage prepayment model and a Collateralized Mortgage Obligation database. Instruments with explicit options such as caps, floors, puts and calls, and implicit options such as prepayment and early withdrawal ability require such a rate and cash flow modeling approach to more accurately quantify value and risk. On the asset side, risk is impacted the most by mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities, which can typically prepay at any time without penalty and may have embedded caps and floors. In the loan portfolio, floors are a benefit to interest income in this low rate environment. Floating-rate loans at floors pay a higher interest rate than a loan at a fully indexed rate without a floor, as with a floor there is a limit on how low the interest rate can fall. As market rates rise, however, the interest rate paid on these loans does not rise until the fully indexed rate rises through the contractual floor. On the liability side, there is a large concentration of customers with indeterminate maturity deposits who have options to add or withdraw funds from their accounts at any time. Webster Bank also has the option to change the interest rate paid on these deposits at any time.

Webster's earnings at risk model incorporates net interest income, non-interest income and expense items, some of which vary with interest rates. These items include mortgage banking income, servicing rights, cash management fees, and derivative mark-to-market adjustments.

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Four main tools are used for managing interest rate risk:


•	the size and duration of the investment portfolio,


•	the size and duration of the wholesale funding portfolio,


•	off-balance sheet interest rate contracts, and


•	the pricing and structure of loans and deposits.

ALCO meets at least monthly to make decisions on the investment and funding portfolios based on the economic outlook, the Committee's interest rate expectations, the risk position, and other factors. ALCO delegates pricing and product design responsibilities to individuals and sub-committees but monitors and influences their actions on a regular basis.

Various interest rate contracts, including futures and options, interest rate swaps, and interest rate caps and floors can be used to manage interest rate risk. These interest rate contracts involve, to varying degrees, credit risk and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the possibility that a loss may occur if a counterparty to a transaction fails to perform according to the terms of the contract. The notional amount of interest rate contracts is the amount upon which interest and other payments are based. The notional amount is not exchanged, and therefore, should not be taken as a measure of credit risk. See Note 12: Derivative Financial Instruments in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for additional information.

Certain derivative instruments, primarily forward sales of mortgage-backed securities, are utilized by Webster Bank in its efforts to manage risk of loss associated with its mortgage banking activities. Prior to closing and funds disbursement, an interest-rate lock commitment is generally extended to the borrower. During such time, Webster Bank is subject to risk that market rates of interest may change impacting pricing on loan sales. In an effort to mitigate this risk, forward delivery sales commitments are established, thereby setting the sales price.

The following table summarizes the estimated impact that gradual parallel changes in income of 100 and 200 basis points, over a twelve month period starting September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, might have on Webster’s NII for the subsequent twelve month period compared to NII assuming no change in interest rates:



NII	-200bp	-100bp	+100bp	+200bp
September 30, 2016	N/A	N/A	2.8%	5.3%
December 31, 2015	N/A	N/A	1.6%	3.2%

The following table summarizes the estimated impact that gradual parallel changes in interest rates of 100 and 200 basis points, over a twelve month period starting September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, might have on Webster’s PPNR for the subsequent twelve month period compared to PPNR assuming no change in interest rates:



PPNR	-200bp	-100bp	+100bp	+200bp
September 30, 2016	N/A	N/A	4.4%	8.4%
December 31, 2015	N/A	N/A	1.9%	4.0%

Interest rates are assumed to change up or down in a parallel fashion, and NII and PPNR results in each scenario are compared to a flat rate scenario as a base. The flat rate scenario holds the end of period yield curve constant over a twelve month forecast horizon. The flat rate scenario as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 assumed a Fed Funds rate of 0.5%. Asset sensitivity for both NII and PPNR on September 30, 2016 was higher as compared to December 31, 2015, due to slightly increased forecast prepay speeds in the investment portfolio, along with increased health savings accounts and demand deposit balances. Since the Fed Funds rate was at 0.5% on September 30, 2016, the -100 and -200 basis point scenarios have been excluded.

Webster can also hold futures, options, and forward foreign currency contracts to minimize the price volatility of certain assets and liabilities. Changes in the market value of these positions are recognized in earnings.

The following table summarizes the estimated impact that immediate non-parallel changes in income might have on Webster’s NII for the subsequent twelve month period starting September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:



NII	Short End of the Yield Curve				Long End of the Yield Curve
	-100bp	-50bp	+50bp	+100bp	-100bp	-50bp	+50bp	+100bp
September 30, 2016	N/A	N/A	0.9%	2.0%	(5.0)%	(2.5)%	2.1%	3.5%
December 31, 2015	N/A	N/A	0.2%	0.8%	(4.2)%	(1.8)%	1.5%	2.7%

The following table summarizes the estimated impact that immediate non-parallel changes in interest rates might have on Webster’s PPNR for the subsequent twelve month period starting September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:



PPNR	Short End of the Yield Curve				Long End of the Yield Curve
	-100bp	-50bp	+50bp	+100bp	-100bp	-50bp	+50bp	+100bp
September 30, 2016	N/A	N/A	1.0%	2.2%	(8.6)%	(4.3)%	4.0%	6.7%
December 31, 2015	N/A	N/A	(0.5)%	(0.3)%	(6.9)%	(3.0)%	2.7%	5.0%

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The non-parallel scenarios are modeled with the short end of the yield curve moving up or down 50 and 100 basis points, while the long end of the yield curve remains unchanged and vice versa. The short end of the yield curve is defined as terms of less than eighteen months, and the long end as terms of greater than eighteen months. These results above reflect the annualized impact of immediate rate changes. The actual impact can be uneven during the year especially in the short end scenarios where asset yields tied to Prime or LIBOR change immediately, while certain deposit rate changes take more time.

Sensitivity to increases in the short end of the yield curve for NII and PPNR increased from December 31, 2015 due to higher forecasted health savings accounts and demand deposit balances. Sensitivity to decreases in the long end of the yield curve was more negative than at December 31, 2015 in both NII and PPNR due to increased forecasted prepayment speeds in the residential loan and investment portfolios.

Sensitivity to increases in the long end of the yield curve was more positive than December 31, 2015 in both NII and PPNR due to increased forecast prepayment speeds in the residential loan and investment portfolios.

The following table summarizes the estimated economic value of assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and the projected change to economic values if interest rates instantaneously increase or decrease by 100 basis points:



	Book Value		Estimated Economic Value		Estimated Economic Value Change
					Estimated Economic Value Change
(Dollars in thousands)					-100 bp	+100 bp
September 30, 2016
Assets	$	25,633,617	$	25,322,910	N/A	$	(543,600	)
Liabilities	23,121,988		22,688,465		N/A	(613,352		)
Net	$	2,511,629	$	2,634,445	N/A	$	69,752
Net change as % base net economic value						2.6		%

December 31, 2015
Assets	$	24,641,118	$	24,407,172	N/A	$	(490,190	)
Liabilities	22,227,158		21,484,973		N/A	(553,740		)
Net	$	2,413,960	$	2,922,199	N/A	$	63,550
Net change as % base net economic value						2.2		%

Changes in economic value can be best described using duration. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of financial instruments for small changes in interest rates. For fixed-rate instruments, it can also be thought of as the weighted-average expected time to receive future cash flows. For floating-rate instruments, it can be thought of as the weighted-average expected time until the next rate reset. The longer the duration, the greater the price sensitivity for given changes in interest rates. Floating-rate instruments may have durations as short as one day and, therefore, have very little price sensitivity due to changes in interest rates. Increases in interest rates typically reduce the value of fixed-rate assets as future discounted cash flows are worth less at higher discount rates. A liability's value decreases for the same reason in a rising rate environment. A reduction in value of a liability is a benefit to Webster.

Duration gap is the difference between the duration of assets and the duration of liabilities. A duration gap near zero implies that the balance sheet is matched and would exhibit no change in estimated economic value for a small change in interest rates. Webster's duration gap was negative 1.1 years at September 30, 2016. At December 31, 2015, the duration gap was negative 1.0 years. A negative duration gap implies that liabilities are longer than assets and, therefore, they have more price sensitivity than assets and will reset their interest rates slower than assets. Consequently, Webster's net estimated economic value would generally be expected to increase when interest rates rise as the benefit of the decreased value of liabilities would more than offset the decreased value of assets. The opposite would generally be expected to occur when interest rates fall. Earnings would also generally be expected to increase when interest rates rise and decrease when interest rates fall over the longer term absent the effects of new business booked in the future. The change in Webster's duration gap is due primarily to the increase in health savings accounts and demand deposit balances as of September 30, 2016.

These estimates assume that management does not take any action to mitigate any positive or negative effects from changing interest rates. The earnings and economic values estimates are subject to factors that could cause actual results to differ. Management believes that Webster's interest rate risk position at September 30, 2016 represents a reasonable level of risk given the current interest rate outlook. Management, as always, is prepared to act in the event that interest rates do change rapidly.

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Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, which requires the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.

Unlike most industrial companies, substantially all of the assets and liabilities of a banking institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on Webster's performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the price of goods and services.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Information regarding quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk appears in the "Asset/Liability Management and Market Risk" section of Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of September 30, 2016, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on this evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2016 for recording, processing, summarizing, and reporting the information the Company is required to disclose in the reports it files under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. There were no changes made in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, Webster and its subsidiaries are subject to certain legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. Management presently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not be material to Webster or its consolidated financial position. Webster establishes an accrual for specific legal matters when it determines that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings could occur that could cause Webster to adjust its litigation accrual or could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, or operating results.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, there were no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Webster's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information with respect to any purchase of equity securities of Webster Financial Corporation's common stock made by or on behalf of Webster or any "affiliated purchaser," as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, during the three months ended September 30, 2016:



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Amount Available for Repurchase Under the Plans or Programs ⁽¹⁾		Total Number of Warrants Purchased ⁽²⁾	Average Price Paid Per Warrant
July 1-31, 2016	1,963	$	34.99	—	$	15,488,842	—	$	—
August 1-31, 2016	3,906	36.15		—	15,488,842		—	—
September 1-30, 2016	—	—		—	15,488,842		—	—
Total	5,869	35.76		—	15,488,842		—	—

(1)

On December 6, 2012, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved the current common stock repurchase program which authorizes management to repurchase, in open market or privately negotiated transactions, subject to market conditions and other factors, up to a maximum of $100 million of common stock, and will remain in effect until fully utilized or until modified, superseded, or terminated.

All 5,869 shares purchased during the three months ended September 30, 2016 were acquired outside of the repurchase program related to stock compensation plan activity, at market prices.

(2)

On June 3, 2011, the Company announced that, with approval from its Board of Directors, it had repurchased a significant number of the warrants issued as part of Webster's participation in the U.S. Treasury's Capital Purchase Program in a public auction conducted on behalf of the U.S. Treasury. The Board approved plan provides for additional repurchases from time-to-time, as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements. There remain 53,027 outstanding warrants to purchase a share (1:1) of the Company's common stock, which carry an exercise price of $18.28 per share and expire on November 21, 2018.

Restrictions on Dividends

Holders of the Company's common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as the Board of Directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Also, as a bank holding company, the ability to declare and pay dividends is dependent on certain federal regulatory considerations. See Note 10: Regulatory Matters in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained elsewhere in this report for additional information.

The Company has 5,060,000 outstanding Depository Shares, each representing 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.40% Series E Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, with a liquidation preference of $25,000 per share (or $25 per depository share). The Series E Preferred Stock is redeemable at Webster's option, in whole or in part, on December 15, 2017, or any dividend payment date thereafter, or in whole but not in part, upon a "regulatory capital treatment event" as defined in the Prospectus Supplement. The terms of the Series E Preferred Stock prohibit the Company from declaring or paying any cash dividends on its common stock, unless Webster has declared and paid full dividends on the Series E Preferred Stock for the most recently completed dividend period.

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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth on the Exhibit Index immediately preceding such exhibits and are incorporated herein by reference.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



		WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION
		Registrant

Date: November 7, 2016	By:	/s/ James C. Smith
		James C. Smith
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 7, 2016	By:	/s/ Glenn I. MacInnes
		Glenn I. MacInnes
		Executive Vice President and
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: November 7, 2016	By:	/s/ Gregory S. Madar
		Gregory S. Madar
		Senior Vice President and
		Chief Accounting Officer
		(Principal Accounting Officer)

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WEBSTER FINANCIAL CORPORATION

EXHIBIT INDEX



Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Filed Herewith	Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Filed Herewith	Form	Exhibit	Filing Date
3	Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws.
3.1	Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation		10-Q	3.1	8/9/2016
3.2	Certificate of Designations establishing the rights of the Company's 8.50% Series A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock		8-K	3.1	6/11/2008
3.3	Certificate of Designations establishing the rights of the Company's Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B		8-K	3.1	11/24/2008
3.4	Certificate of Designations establishing the rights of the Company's Perpetual Participating Preferred Stock, Series C		8-K	3.1	7/31/2009
3.5	Certificate of Designations establishing the rights of the Company's Non-Voting Perpetual Participating Preferred Stock, Series D		8-K	3.2	7/31/2009
3.6	Certificate of Designations establishing the rights of the Company's 6.40% Series E Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock		8-A12B	3.3	12/4/2012
3.7	Bylaws, as amended effective June 9, 2014		8-K	3.1	6/12/2014
31.1	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by the Chief Executive Officer.	X
31.2	Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by the Chief Financial Officer.	X
32.1 +	Written statement pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by the Chief Executive Officer.	X
32.2 +	Written statement pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by the Chief Financial Officer.	X
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document	X
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	X
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	X
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document	X
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	X
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	X

+ This exhibit shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.