WELLTOWER INC. - Quarter Report: 2019 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)




☑		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019




☐		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-8923

WELLTOWER INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware			34-1096634
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation)			(IRS Employer Identification No.)

4500 Dorr Street	Toledo,	Ohio	43615
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

(419)			247-2800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)



Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $1.00 par value per share	WELL	New York Stock Exchange
4.800% Notes due 2028	WELL28	New York Stock Exchange
4.500% Notes due 2034	WELL34	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	þ	Accelerated filer	¨	Non-accelerated filer	¨	Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No þ

As of July 19, 2019, the registrant had 405,246,816 shares of common stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS



	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Consolidated Balance Sheets - June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	3

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	4

Consolidated Statements of Equity - Three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	7

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	50

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	51

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	51

Item 1A. Risk Factors	52

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	52

Item 5. Other Information	52

Item 6. Exhibits	53

Signatures	53

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

WELLTOWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)



	June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2018 (Note)
Assets:
Real estate investments:
Real property owned:
Land and land improvements	$	3,337,234		$	3,205,091
Buildings and improvements	28,691,274			28,019,502
Acquired lease intangibles	1,589,138			1,581,159
Real property held for sale, net of accumulated depreciation	1,704,206			590,271
Construction in progress	363,160			194,365
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(5,539,435		)	(5,499,958		)
Net real property owned	30,145,577			28,090,430
Right of use assets, net	550,342			—
Real estate loans receivable, net of allowance	368,994			330,339
Net real estate investments	31,064,913			28,420,769
Other assets:
Investments in unconsolidated entities	519,387			482,914
Goodwill	68,321			68,321
Cash and cash equivalents	268,666			215,376
Restricted cash	91,052			100,753
Straight-line rent receivable	419,501			367,093
Receivables and other assets	716,857			686,846
Total other assets	2,083,784			1,921,303
Total assets	$	33,148,697		$	30,342,072

Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Unsecured credit facility and commercial paper	$	1,869,188		$	1,147,000
Senior unsecured notes	10,606,106			9,603,299
Secured debt	2,675,507			2,476,177
Lease liabilities	469,029			70,668
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,076,061			1,034,283
Total liabilities	16,695,891			14,331,427
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	483,234			424,046
Equity:
Preferred stock	—			718,498
Common stock	406,014			384,465
Capital in excess of par value	19,740,145			18,424,368
Treasury stock	(74,042		)	(68,499		)
Cumulative net income	6,539,766			6,121,534
Cumulative dividends	(11,516,994		)	(10,818,557		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(100,622		)	(129,769		)
Other equity	188			294
Total Welltower Inc. stockholders’ equity	14,994,455			14,632,334
Noncontrolling interests	975,117			954,265
Total equity	15,969,572			15,586,599
Total liabilities and equity	$	33,148,697		$	30,342,072

NOTE: The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

WELLTOWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands, except per share data)



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
Resident fees and services	$	914,085		$	763,345		$	1,782,370		$	1,499,279
Rental income	385,586			333,601			766,670			676,970
Interest income	17,356			13,462			32,475			28,110
Other income	3,079			15,504			10,836			18,518
Total revenues	1,320,106			1,125,912			2,592,351			2,222,877

Expenses:
Property operating expenses	701,127			568,751			1,371,934			1,125,216
Depreciation and amortization	248,052			236,275			491,984			464,476
Interest expense	141,336			121,416			286,568			244,191
General and administrative expenses	33,741			32,831			69,023			66,536
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	1,913			(7,460		)	(574		)	(14,633		)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			299			15,719			12,006
Provision for loan losses	—			—			18,690			—
Impairment of assets	9,939			4,632			9,939			32,817
Other expenses	21,628			10,058			30,384			13,770
Total expenses	1,157,736			966,802			2,293,667			1,944,379

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	162,370			159,110			298,684			278,498
Income tax (expense) benefit	(1,599		)	(3,841		)	(3,821		)	(5,429		)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	(9,049		)	1,249			(18,248		)	(1,180		)
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(1,682		)	10,755			165,727			348,939
Income (loss) from continuing operations	150,040			167,273			442,342			620,828

Net income	150,040			167,273			442,342			620,828
Less: Preferred stock dividends	—			11,676			—			23,352
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests⁽¹⁾	12,278			1,165			24,110			5,373
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	137,762		$	154,432		$	418,232		$	592,103

Average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic	404,607			371,640			398,073			371,552
Diluted	406,673			373,075			400,096			373,186

Earnings per share:
Basic:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	0.37		$	0.45		$	1.11		$	1.67
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	0.34		$	0.42		$	1.05		$	1.59

Diluted:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	0.37		$	0.45		$	1.11		$	1.66
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	0.34		$	0.41		$	1.05		$	1.59

Dividends declared and paid per common share	$	0.87		$	0.87		$	1.74		$	1.74

⁽¹⁾ Includes amounts attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

WELLTOWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2019			2018			2019		2018
Net income	$	150,040		$	167,273		$	442,342	$	620,828

Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)	(54,024		)	(200,826		)	24,596		(121,802		)
Derivative instruments gain (loss)	100,407			150,703			12,725		88,005
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	46,383			(50,123		)	37,321		(33,797		)

Total comprehensive income (loss)	196,423			117,150			479,663		587,031
Less: Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests⁽¹⁾	14,665			(7,580		)	32,284		(7,258		)
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	181,758		$	124,730		$	447,379	$	594,289

⁽¹⁾ Includes amounts attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

WELLTOWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)



	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Preferred Stock			Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Treasury Stock			Cumulative Net Income		Cumulative Dividends			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Other Equity			Noncontrolling Interests			Total
Balances at December 31, 2018	$	718,498		$	384,465	$	18,424,368		$	(68,499	)	$	6,121,534	$	(10,818,557	)	$	(129,769	)	$	294		$	954,265		$	15,586,599
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)												280,470											10,785			291,255
Other comprehensive income																	(14,849		)				5,787			(9,062		)
Total comprehensive income																										282,193
Net change in noncontrolling interests						(8,845		)															(1,497		)	(10,342		)
Amounts related to stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures				120		7,420			(5,993		)									(26		)				1,521
Proceeds from issuance of common stock				7,212		525,408																				532,620
Conversion of preferred stock	(718,498		)	12,712		705,786																				—
Dividends paid:
Common stock dividends														(344,760		)										(344,760		)
Balances at March 31, 2019	$	—		$	404,509	$	19,654,137		$	(74,492	)	$	6,402,004	$	(11,163,317	)	$	(144,618	)	$	268		$	969,340		$	16,047,831
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)												137,762											11,349			149,111
Other comprehensive income																	43,996						2,387			46,383
Total comprehensive income																										195,494
Net change in noncontrolling interests						(23,672		)															(7,959		)	(31,631		)
Amounts related to stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures				18		7,959			450											(80		)				8,347
Proceeds from issuance of common stock				1,487		101,721																				103,208
Dividends paid:
Common stock dividends														(353,677		)										(353,677		)
Balances at June 30, 2019	$	—		$	406,014	$	19,740,145		$	(74,042	)	$	6,539,766	$	(11,516,994	)	$	(100,622	)	$	188		$	975,117		$	15,969,572



	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Preferred Stock			Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Treasury Stock			Cumulative Net Income		Cumulative Dividends			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Other Equity			Noncontrolling Interests			Total
Balances at December 31, 2017	$	718,503		$	372,449	$	17,662,681		$	(64,559	)	$	5,316,580	$	(9,471,712	)	$	(111,465	)	$	670		$	502,305		$	14,925,452
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)												449,347											5,191			454,538
Other comprehensive income																	20,212						(3,886		)	16,326
Total comprehensive income																										470,864
Net change in noncontrolling interests						(13,157		)															(2,719		)	(15,876		)
Amounts related to stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures				150		11,085			(4,137		)															7,098
Proceeds from issuance of common stock				130		7,060																				7,190
Conversion of preferred stock	(5		)			5																				—
Dividends paid:
Common stock dividends														(323,726		)										(323,726		)
Preferred stock dividends														(11,676		)										(11,676		)
Balances at March 31, 2018	$	718,498		$	372,729	$	17,667,674		$	(68,696	)	$	5,765,927	$	(9,807,114	)	$	(91,253	)	$	670		$	500,891		$	15,059,326
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)												166,108											2,355			168,463
Other comprehensive income																	(41,378		)				(8,745		)	(50,123		)
Total comprehensive income																										118,340
Net change in noncontrolling interests						(14,822		)															(35,937		)	(50,759		)
Amounts related to stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures				18		5,801			35											(11		)				5,843
Proceeds from issuance of common stock				54		2,731																				2,785
Dividends paid:
Common stock dividends														(323,372		)										(323,372		)
Preferred stock dividends														(11,676		)										(11,676		)
Balances at June 30, 2018	$	718,498		$	372,801	$	17,661,384		$	(68,661	)	$	5,932,035	$	(10,142,162	)	$	(132,631	)	$	659		$	458,564		$	14,800,487

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

WELLTOWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)



	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2019			2018
Operating activities:
Net income	$	442,342		$	620,828
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	491,984			464,476
Other amortization expenses	9,761			7,984
Provision for loan losses	18,690			—
Impairment of assets	9,939			32,817
Stock-based compensation expense	15,192			16,725
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	(574		)	(14,633		)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	15,719			12,006
Loss (income) from unconsolidated entities	18,248			1,180
Rental income less than (in excess of) cash received	(53,234		)	13,544
Amortization related to above (below) market leases, net	(2		)	1,363
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net	(165,727		)	(348,939		)
Distributions by unconsolidated entities	46			21
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities	55,415			46,718
Decrease (increase) in receivables and other assets	(3,317		)	(15,666		)
Net cash provided from (used in) operating activities	854,482			838,424

Investing activities:
Cash disbursed for acquisitions	(2,718,808		)	(595,596		)
Cash disbursed for capital improvements to existing properties	(124,176		)	(111,332		)
Cash disbursed for construction in progress	(155,409		)	(62,978		)
Capitalized interest	(6,256		)	(4,436		)
Investment in real estate loans receivable	(62,935		)	(48,291		)
Principal collected on real estate loans receivable	6,840			91,427
Other investments, net of payments	(17,640		)	(48,212		)
Contributions to unconsolidated entities	(119,001		)	(32,768		)
Distributions by unconsolidated entities	70,844			22,897
Proceeds from (payments on) derivatives	(21,643		)	(27,678		)
Proceeds from sales of real property	616,820			947,218
Net cash provided from (used in) investing activities	(2,531,364		)	130,251

Financing activities:
Net increase (decrease) in unsecured credit facility and commercial paper	722,188			(179,000		)
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes	2,036,964			545,074
Payments to extinguish senior unsecured notes	(1,050,000		)	(450,000		)
Net proceeds from the issuance of secured debt	295,969			44,606
Payments on secured debt	(178,700		)	(224,958		)
Net proceeds from the issuance of common stock	647,156			10,188
Payments for deferred financing costs and prepayment penalties	(24,177		)	(18,639		)
Contributions by noncontrolling interests⁽¹⁾	39,122			8,421
Distributions to noncontrolling interests⁽¹⁾	(64,004		)	(59,484		)
Cash distributions to stockholders	(695,099		)	(670,859		)
Other financing activities	(8,615		)	(5,639		)
Net cash provided from (used in) financing activities	1,720,804			(1,000,290		)
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(333		)	(5,305		)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	43,589			(36,920		)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	316,129			309,303
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	359,718		$	272,383

Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	252,714		$	209,156
Income taxes paid (received), net	2,040			4,835

⁽¹⁾ Includes amounts attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Business

Welltower Inc. (the "Company"), an S&P 500 company headquartered in Toledo, Ohio, is driving the transformation of health care infrastructure. The Company invests with leading seniors housing operators, post-acute providers and health systems to fund the real estate and infrastructure needed to scale innovative care delivery models and improve people’s wellness and overall health care experience. Welltower™, a real estate investment trust (“REIT”), owns interests in properties concentrated in major, high-growth markets in the United States (“U.S.”), Canada and the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), consisting of seniors housing and post-acute communities and outpatient medical properties.

2. Accounting Policies and Related Matters

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (such as normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily an indication of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

New Accounting Standards

•

We adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASC 842") which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on their consolidated balance sheet related to the rights and obligations created by most leases, while continuing to recognize expenses on their consolidated statement of comprehensive income over the lease term. We adopted ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach and have elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, permits us to carry forward our prior conclusions for lease classification and initial direct costs on existing leases. We also made an accounting policy election to keep short-term leases less than twelve months off the balance sheet for all classes of underlying assets.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 "Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements" that (1) simplifies transition requirements for both lessees and lessors by adding an option that permits entities to apply the transition provisions of the new standard at its adoption date instead of at the earliest comparative period presented in its financial statements and (2) allows lessors to elect, as a practical expedient, to not separate lease and non-lease components in a contract, and instead to account for as a single lease component, if certain criteria are met. This practical expedient causes an entity to assess whether a contract is predominantly lease or service-based and recognize the entire contract under the relevant accounting guidance (i.e. predominantly lease-based would be accounted for under ASC 842 and predominantly service-based would be accounted for under ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606)"). For the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized revenue for our Seniors Housing Operating resident agreements in accordance with the provisions of the prior lease guidance, ASC 840, "Leases." Upon adoption of ASC 842, we elected the lessor practical expedient described above and recognized revenue for our Seniors Housing Operating segment based upon the predominant component, the non-lease service component. Therefore, beginning on January 1, 2019, we accounted for these resident agreements under ASC 606. The timing and pattern of revenue recognition is substantially the same as that prior to adoption.

The FASB also issued ASU 2018-20 "Leases (Topic 842) - Narrow Improvements for Lessors," which provides lessors the ability to make an accounting policy election not to evaluate whether certain sales taxes and other similar taxes imposed by a governmental authority on a specific lease revenue-producing transaction are the primary obligation of the lessor as owner of the underlying leased asset. A lessor that makes this election will exclude these taxes from the measurement of lease revenue and the associated expense. Upon adoption of ASC 842, we utilized this practical expedient in instances in which real estate taxes are paid directly by our tenants to taxing authorities. For triple-net leasing arrangements in which the tenant remits payment for real estate taxes to us and we pay the taxing authority, we have included the associated revenue and expense in rental income and property operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. This reporting had no impact on our net income.

For leases in which the Company is the lessee, primarily consisting of ground leases and various office and equipment leases, we recognized upon adoption a right of use asset of $509,386,000 which included the present value of minimum leases payments, existing above and/or below market lease intangible values and existing straight-line rent liabilities

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

associated with such leases. We also recognized operating lease liabilities of $357,070,000. The standard did not materially impact our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income or our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. See Note 6 for additional details.

The following ASU has been issued but not yet adopted:

•

In 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" ("ASU 2016-13"). This standard requires a new forward-looking “expected loss” model to be used for receivables, held-to-maturity debt, loans, and other instruments. In November 2018, the FASB issued an amendment excluding operating lease receivables accounted for under the new leases standard from the scope of the new credit losses standard. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Real Property Acquisitions and Development

The total purchase price for all properties acquired has been allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests based upon their relative fair values in accordance with our accounting policies. The results of operations for these acquisitions have been included in our consolidated results of operations since the date of acquisition and are a component of the appropriate segments. Transaction costs primarily represent costs incurred with acquisitions, including due diligence costs, fees for legal and valuation services and termination of pre-existing relationships computed based on the fair value of the assets acquired, lease termination fees and other acquisition-related costs. Transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized as a component of purchase price and all other non-capitalizable costs are reflected in other expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Certain of our subsidiaries’ functional currencies are the local currencies of their respective countries.

The following is a summary of our real property investment activity by segment for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019												June 30, 2018
	Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Totals			Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Totals
Land and land improvements	$	103,743		$	8,099		$	132,154		$	243,996		$	47,865		$	1,691		$	7,369		$	56,925
Buildings and improvements	1,109,966			96,244			1,198,608			2,404,818			535,921			—			42,673			578,594
Acquired lease intangibles	58,773			—			85,492			144,265			68,084			—			5,852			73,936
Construction in progress	36,174			—			—			36,174			—			—			—			—
Right of use assets, net	—			—			56,073			56,073			—			—			—			—
Receivables and other assets	4,560			—			376			4,936			1,255			—			1			1,256
Total assets acquired⁽¹⁾	1,313,216			104,343			1,472,703			2,890,262			653,125			1,691			55,895			710,711
Secured debt	(43,209		)	—			—			(43,209		)	(89,973		)	—			—			(89,973		)
Lease liabilities	—			—			(45,287		)	(45,287		)	—			—			—			—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(8,677		)	—			(22,506		)	(31,183		)	(14,686		)	(6		)	(632		)	(15,324		)
Total liabilities acquired	(51,886		)	—			(67,793		)	(119,679		)	(104,659		)	(6		)	(632		)	(105,297		)
Noncontrolling interests	(38,830		)	(1,056		)	—			(39,886		)	(9,818		)	—			—			(9,818		)
Non-cash acquisition related activity⁽²⁾	(11,889		)	—			—			(11,889		)	—			—			—			—
Cash disbursed for acquisitions	1,210,611			103,287			1,404,910			2,718,808			538,648			1,685			55,263			595,596
Construction in progress additions	110,761			24,066			26,587			161,414			20,704			38,238			11,319			70,261
Less: Capitalized interest	(3,560		)	(908		)	(1,788		)	(6,256		)	(1,783		)	(1,432		)	(1,221		)	(4,436		)
Foreign currency translation	141			65			—			206			1,176			132			—			1,308
Accruals⁽³⁾	—			—			45			45			—			—			(4,155		)	(4,155		)
Cash disbursed for construction in progress	107,342			23,223			24,844			155,409			20,097			36,938			5,943			62,978
Capital improvements to existing properties	97,867			7,423			18,886			124,176			76,237			8,569			26,526			111,332
Total cash invested in real property, net of cash acquired	$	1,415,820		$	133,933		$	1,448,640		$	2,998,393		$	634,982		$	47,192		$	87,732		$	769,906

⁽¹⁾ Excludes $ 1,910,000 and $4,392,000 of unrestricted and restricted cash acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

⁽²⁾ Relates to the acquisition of assets previously recognized as investments in unconsolidated entities.

⁽³⁾ Represents non-cash accruals for amounts to be paid in future periods for properties that converted, off-set by amounts paid in the current period.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Construction Activity

The following is a summary of the construction projects that were placed into service and began generating revenues during the periods presented (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018
Development projects:
Seniors Housing Operating	$	28,117	$	37,215
Triple-net	—		59,188
Outpatient Medical	—		11,358
Total construction in progress conversions	$	28,117	$	107,761

4. Real Estate Intangibles

The following is a summary of our real estate intangibles, excluding those classified as held for sale, as of the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Assets:
In place lease intangibles	$	1,473,060		$	1,410,725
Above market tenant leases	69,656			63,935
Below market ground leases ⁽¹⁾	—			64,513
Lease commissions	46,422			41,986
Gross historical cost	1,589,138			1,581,159
Accumulated amortization	(1,163,936		)	(1,197,336		)
Net book value	$	425,202		$	383,823

Weighted-average amortization period in years	8.6			16.0

Liabilities:
Below market tenant leases	$	94,082		$	81,676
Above market ground leases ⁽¹⁾	—			8,540
Gross historical cost	94,082			90,216
Accumulated amortization	(45,147		)	(44,266		)
Net book value	$	48,935		$	45,950

Weighted-average amortization period in years	8.2			14.7

⁽¹⁾ Effective on January 1, 2019 with the adoption of ASC 842, above and below market ground lease intangibles are reported within the right of use assets, net line on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The following is a summary of real estate intangible amortization for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Rental income related to (above)/below market tenant leases, net	$	73		$	(333	)	$	(82	)	$	(684	)
Amortization related to in place lease intangibles and lease commissions	(28,518		)	(33,763		)	(53,423		)	(66,024		)

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The future estimated aggregate amortization of intangible assets and liabilities is as follows for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Assets		Liabilities
2019	$	84,909	$	4,777
2020	101,374		8,835
2021	51,215		7,865
2022	34,495		7,130
2023	28,361		4,989
Thereafter	124,848		15,339
Total	$	425,202	$	48,935

5. Dispositions and Assets Held for Sale

We periodically sell properties for various reasons, including favorable market conditions, the exercise of tenant purchase options or reduction of concentrations (i.e., property type, relationship or geography). At June 30, 2019, 55 Seniors Housing Operating, 30 Triple-net, and four Outpatient Medical properties with an aggregate real estate balance of $1,704,206,000 were classified as held for sale. In addition, secured debt of $37,429,000 and net other assets and liabilities of $58,816,000 related to the held for sale properties. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded net impairment charges of $9,939,000 on certain held for sale properties for which the carrying value exceeded the fair values, less estimated costs to sell, if applicable. The following is a summary of our real property disposition activity for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Real estate dispositions:
Seniors Housing Operating	$	8,726		$	2,200
Triple-net	442,865			367,978
Outpatient Medical	—			223,069
Total dispositions	451,591			593,247
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	165,727			348,939
Net other assets/liabilities disposed	(498		)	5,032
Proceeds from real estate dispositions	$	616,820		$	947,218

Dispositions and Assets Held for Sale

Pursuant to our adoption of ASU 2014-08, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity”, operating results attributable to properties sold subsequent to or classified as held for sale after January 1, 2014 and which do not meet the definition of discontinued operations are no longer reclassified on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The following represents the activity related to these properties for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Revenues:
Total revenues	$	112,694	$	121,079	$	228,441	$	249,639
Expenses:
Interest expense	479		579		983		1,200
Property operating expenses	70,244		74,213		146,260		150,120
Provision for depreciation	12,520		18,431		24,897		38,275
Total expenses	83,243		93,223		172,140		189,595
Income (loss) from real estate dispositions, net	$	29,451	$	27,856	$	56,301	$	60,044

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

6. Leases

We lease land, buildings, office space and certain equipment. Many of our leases include a renewal option to extend the term from one to 25 years or more. Renewal options that we are reasonably certain to exercise are recognized in our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. As most of our leases do not provide a rate implicit in the lease agreement, we use our incremental borrowing rate available at lease commencement to determine the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rates were determined using our longer term borrowing rates (actual pricing through 30 years, as well as other longer-term market rates). For leases that commenced prior to January 1, 2019, we used the incremental borrowing rate on December 31, 2018.

We sublease certain real estate to a third party. Our sublease portfolio consists of a finance lease with Genesis HealthCare for seven buildings.

The components of lease expense were as follows for the period presented (in thousands):



	Classification	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019			Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost: ⁽¹⁾
Real estate lease expense	Property operating expenses	$	7,267		$	14,679
Non-real estate lease expense	General and administrative expenses	408			770
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of leased assets	Property operating expenses	2,153			4,245
Interest on lease liabilities	Interest expense	1,166			2,169
Sublease income	Rental income	(1,043		)	(2,087		)
Total		$	9,951		$	19,776

⁽¹⁾ Includes short-term leases which are immaterial.

Maturities of lease liabilities as of June 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2019	$	9,809		$	4,488
2020	19,625			8,821
2021	19,558			8,485
2022	18,627			7,852
2023	18,707			68,967
Thereafter	1,595,101			86,081
Total lease payments	1,681,427			184,694
Less: Imputed interest	(1,321,129		)	(75,963		)
Total present value of lease liabilities	$	360,298		$	108,731

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows for the date indicated (in thousands, except lease terms and discount rate):



	Classification	June 30, 2019
Right of use assets:
Operating leases - real estate	Right of use assets, net	$	386,061
Finance leases	Right of use assets, net	164,281
Real estate right of use assets, net		550,342
Operating leases - corporate	Receivables and other assets	5,055
Total right of use assets, net		$	555,397

Lease liabilities:
Operating leases		$	360,298
Financing leases		108,731
Total		$	469,029

Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases		50.0
Finance leases		15.8

Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases		5.21		%
Finance leases		5.17		%

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows for the date indicated (in thousands):



	Classification	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	Decrease (increase) in receivables and other assets	$	4,627
Operating cash flows from finance leases	Decrease (increase) in receivables and other assets	3,916
Financing cash flows from finance leases	Other financing activities	(1,638		)

Substantially all of our operating leases in which we are the lessor contain escalating rent structures. Leases with fixed annual rental escalators are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial lease period, subject to a collectability assessment. Rental income related to leases with contingent rental escalators is generally recorded based on the contractual cash rental payments due for the period. Leases in our outpatient medical portfolio typically include some form of operating expense reimbursement by the tenant. We recognized $766,670,000 of rental and other revenues related to operating lease payments, of which $94,017,000 was for variable lease payments for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which primarily represents the reimbursement of operating costs such as common area maintenance expenses, utilities, insurance and real estate taxes. The following table sets forth the undiscounted cash flows for future minimum lease payments receivable for leases in effect at June 30, 2019 (excluding properties in our Seniors Housing Operating partnerships and excluding any operating expense reimbursements) (in thousands):



2019	$	925,026
2020	1,380,111
2021	1,346,698
2022	1,237,904
2023	1,255,408
Thereafter	9,745,880
Totals	$	15,891,027

7. Real Estate Loans Receivable

Please see Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for discussion of our accounting policies for real estate loans receivable and related interest income.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following is a summary of our net real estate loans receivable (in thousands):



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Mortgage loans	$	332,770		$	317,443
Other real estate loans	104,596			81,268
Less allowance for losses on loans receivable	(68,372		)	(68,372		)
Totals	$	368,994		$	330,339

The following is a summary of our real estate loan activity for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019							June 30, 2018
		Triple-net		Outpatient Medical		Totals		Seniors Housing Operating		Triple-net			Outpatient Medical		Totals
Advances on real estate loans receivable:
Investments in new loans		$	25,000	$	5,000	$	30,000	$	11,806	$	8,281		$	7,022	$	27,109
Draws on existing loans		20,051		12,884		32,935		—		21,182			—		21,182
Net cash advances on real estate loans		45,051		17,884		62,935		11,806		29,463			7,022		48,291
Receipts on real estate loans receivable:
Loan payoffs		4,384		—		4,384		—		58,557			—		58,557
Principal payments on loans		2,456		—		2,456		—		32,870			—		32,870
Net cash receipts on real estate loans		6,840		—		6,840		—		91,427			—		91,427
Net cash advances (receipts) on real estate loans		$	38,211	$	17,884	$	56,095	$	11,806	$	(61,964	)	$	7,022	$	(43,136	)

In 2016, we restructured real estate loans with Genesis HealthCare and recorded a loan loss charge in the amount of $6,935,000 on one of the loans as the present value of expected future cash flows was less than the carrying value of the loan. In 2017, we recorded an additional loan loss charge of $62,966,000 relating to real estate loans with Genesis HealthCare based on an estimation of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate of the loans. In March 2019, we recognized a provision for loan losses of $18,690,000 to fully reserve for certain Triple-net real estate loans receivable that were no longer deemed collectible. During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, these loans were written off. As of June 30, 2019, the allowance for loan loss balance of $68,372,000 is deemed to be sufficient to absorb expected losses. At June 30, 2019, we had one real estate loan with an outstanding balance of $2,534,000 on non-accrual status.

The following is a summary of our impaired loans (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018
Balance of impaired loans at end of period	$	188,068	$	214,871
Allowance for loan losses	68,372		68,372
Balance of impaired loans not reserved	$	119,696	$	146,499
Average impaired loans for the period	$	197,426	$	252,172
Interest recognized on impaired loans⁽¹⁾	7,964		8,847

⁽¹⁾ Represents cash interest recognized in the period since loans were identified as impaired.

8. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

We participate in a number of joint ventures, which generally invest in seniors housing and health care real estate. The results of operations for these entities have been included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition by the joint ventures and are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income as income or loss from unconsolidated entities. The following is a summary of our investments in unconsolidated entities (dollars in thousands):

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



	Percentage Ownership⁽¹⁾	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Seniors Housing Operating	10% to 50%	$	379,886	$	344,982
Triple-net	10% to 49%	9,459		34,284
Outpatient Medical	43% to 50%	130,042		103,648
Total		$	519,387	$	482,914

⁽¹⁾ Excludes ownership of in-substance real estate.

At June 30, 2019, the aggregate unamortized basis difference of our joint venture investments of $101,571,000 is primarily attributable to the difference between the amount for which we purchase our interest in the entity, including transaction costs, and the historical carrying value of the net assets of the joint venture. This difference is being amortized over the remaining useful life of the related properties and included in the reported amount of income from unconsolidated entities.

9. Credit Concentration

We use consolidated net operating income (“NOI”) as our credit concentration metric. See Note 18 for additional information and reconciliation. The following table summarizes certain information about our credit concentration for the six months ended June 30, 2019, excluding our share of NOI in unconsolidated entities (dollars in thousands):



	Number of	Total		Percent of
Concentration by relationship:⁽¹⁾	Properties	NOI		NOI⁽²⁾
Sunrise Senior Living⁽³⁾	165	$	174,422	14%
ProMedica	218	107,541		9%
Revera⁽³⁾	98	72,928		6%
Genesis HealthCare	60	60,984		5%
Benchmark Senior Living⁽⁴⁾	48	55,530		5%
Remaining portfolio	1,009	749,012		61%
Totals	1,598	$	1,220,417	100%

⁽¹⁾ Genesis Healthcare and ProMedica are in our Triple-net segment. Sunrise Senior Living and Revera are in our Seniors Housing Operating segment. Benchmark Senior Living is in both our Triple-net and Seniors Housing Operating segments.

⁽²⁾ NOI with our top five relationships comprised 38% of total NOI for the year ended December 31, 2018.

⁽³⁾ Revera owns a controlling interest in Sunrise Senior Living.

⁽⁴⁾ Please see Note 21 for additional information.

10. Borrowings Under Credit Facilities and Commercial Paper Program

At June 30, 2019, we had a primary unsecured credit facility with a consortium of 31 banks that includes a $3,000,000,000 unsecured revolving credit facility ($935,000,000 outstanding at June 30, 2019), a $500,000,000 unsecured term credit facility and a $250,000,000 Canadian-denominated unsecured term credit facility. We have an option, through an accordion feature, to upsize the unsecured revolving credit facility and the $500,000,000 unsecured term credit facility by up to an additional $1,000,000,000, in the aggregate, and the $250,000,000 Canadian-denominated unsecured term credit facility by up to an additional $250,000,000. The primary unsecured credit facility also allows us to borrow up to $1,000,000,000 in alternate currencies (none outstanding at June 30, 2019). Borrowings under the unsecured revolving credit facility are subject to interest payable at the applicable margin over LIBOR interest rate (3.22% at June 30, 2019). The applicable margin is based on our debt ratings and was 0.825% at June 30, 2019. In addition, we pay a facility fee quarterly to each bank based on the bank’s commitment amount. The facility fee depends on our debt ratings and was 0.15% at June 30, 2019. The term credit facilities mature on July 19, 2023. The revolving credit facility is scheduled to mature on July 19, 2022 and can be extended for two successive terms of six months each at our option.

In January 2019, we established an unsecured commercial paper program (the "Commercial Paper Program"). Under the terms of the program, we may issue unsecured commercial paper notes with maturities that vary, but do not exceed 397 days from the date of issue, up to a maximum aggregate face or principal amount outstanding at any time of $1,000,000,000. As of June 30, 2019, there was a balance of $934,188,000 outstanding on the Commercial Paper Program ($935,000,000 in principal outstanding net of an unamortized discount of $812,000), which reduces the borrowing capacity on the unsecured revolving credit facility. The notes bear interest at various floating rates with a weighted average of 2.70% as of June 30, 2019 and a weighted average maturity of 31 days as of June 30, 2019.

The following information relates to aggregate borrowings under the unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Balance outstanding at quarter end	$	1,870,000		$	540,000		$	1,870,000		$	540,000
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end	$	2,880,000		$	685,000		$	2,880,000		$	865,000
Average amount outstanding (total of daily
principal balances divided by days in period)	$	1,807,631		$	562,747		$	1,301,883		$	463,978
Weighted average interest rate (actual interest
expense divided by average borrowings outstanding)	3.08		%	3.04		%	3.11		%	2.91		%

11. Senior Unsecured Notes and Secured Debt

We may repurchase, redeem or refinance senior unsecured notes from time to time, taking advantage of favorable market conditions when available. We may purchase senior notes for cash through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, a tender offer or, in some cases, through the early redemption of such securities pursuant to their terms. The senior unsecured notes are redeemable at our option, at any time in whole or from time to time in part, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (1) the principal amount of the notes (or portion of such notes) being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the redemption date and (2) any “make-whole” amount due under the terms of the notes in connection with early redemptions. Redemptions and repurchases of debt, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. At June 30, 2019, the annual principal payments due on these debt obligations were as follows (in thousands):



	Senior Unsecured Notes^(1,2)		Secured Debt ^(1,3)		Totals
2019	$	—	$	312,291	$	312,291
2020⁽⁴⁾	1,236,665		144,518		1,381,183
2021	450,000		383,425		833,425
2022	600,000		352,410		952,410
2023^(5,6)	1,790,971		330,498		2,121,469
Thereafter^(7,8)	6,633,920		1,166,840		7,800,760
Totals	$	10,711,556	$	2,689,982	$	13,401,538

(1) Amounts represent principal amounts due and do not include unamortized premiums/discounts, debt issuance costs, or other fair value adjustments as reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(2) Annual interest rates range from 2.86% to 6.50%.

(3) Annual interest rates range from 1.69% to 12.00%. Carrying value of the properties securing the debt totaled $5,991,142,000 at June 30, 2019.

(4) Includes a $300,000,000 Canadian-denominated 3.35% senior unsecured notes due 2020 (approximately $229,165,000 based on the Canadian/U.S. Dollar exchange rate on June 30, 2019) and a $1,000,000,000 unsecured term loan facility that matures on May 28, 2020 which was put in place to bridge the acquisition of the CNL Healthcare Properties portfolio. The unsecured term loan facility was subsequently extinguished in July 2019 with proceeds from the disposition of the Benchmark Senior Living portfolio.

(5) Includes a $250,000,000 Canadian-denominated unsecured term credit facility (approximately $190,971,000 based on the Canadian/U.S. Dollar exchange rate on June 30, 2019). The loan matures on July 19, 2023 and bears interest at the Canadian Dealer Offered Rate plus 0.9% (2.86% at June 30, 2019).

(6) Includes a $500,000,000 unsecured term credit facility. The loan matures on July 19, 2023 and bears interest at LIBOR plus 0.9% (3.29% at June 30, 2019).

(7) Includes a £550,000,000 4.80% senior unsecured notes due 2028 (approximately $698,720,000 based on the Sterling/U.S. Dollar exchange rate in effect on June 30, 2019).

(8) Includes a £500,000,000 4.50% senior unsecured notes due 2034 (approximately $635,200,000 based on the Sterling/U.S. Dollar exchange rate in effect on June 30, 2019).

The following is a summary of our senior unsecured notes principal activity during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
				Weighted Avg.				Weighted Avg.
	Amount			Interest Rate	Amount			Interest Rate
Beginning balance	$	9,699,984		4.48%	$	8,417,447		4.31%
Debt issued	2,050,000			3.58%	550,000			4.25%
Debt extinguished	(1,050,000		)	4.98%	(450,000		)	2.25%
Foreign currency	11,572			3.52%	(55,693		)	4.02%
Ending balance	$	10,711,556		4.24%	$	8,461,754		4.46%

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following is a summary of our secured debt principal activity for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
				Weighted Avg.				Weighted Avg.
	Amount			Interest Rate	Amount			Interest Rate
Beginning balance	$	2,485,711		3.90%	$	2,618,408		3.76%
Debt issued	295,969			3.52%	44,606			3.38%
Debt assumed	42,000			4.62%	85,192			4.40%
Debt extinguished	(151,473		)	4.42%	(196,573		)	5.66%
Principal payments	(27,227		)	3.74%	(28,385		)	3.91%
Foreign currency	45,002			3.37%	(61,170		)	3.33%
Ending balance	$	2,689,982		3.84%	$	2,462,078		3.76%

Our debt agreements contain various covenants, restrictions and events of default. Certain agreements require us to maintain certain financial ratios and minimum net worth and impose certain limits on our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens and make investments or acquisitions. As of June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under our debt agreements.

12. Derivative Instruments

We are exposed to, among other risks, the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates as a result of our non-U.S. investments and interest rate risk related to our capital structure. Our risk management program is designed to manage the exposure and volatility arising from these risks, and utilizes foreign currency forward contracts, cross currency swap contacts, interest rate swaps, interest rate locks, and debt issued in foreign currencies to offset a portion of these risks.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts Designated as Cash Flow Hedges

For instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is deferred as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in earnings.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

We enter into interest rate swaps in order to maintain a capital structure containing targeted amounts of fixed and floating-rate debt and manage interest rate risk. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for our fixed-rate payments. These interest rate swap agreements were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with variable-rate debt.

Periodically, we enter into and designate interest rate locks to partially hedge the risk of changes in interest payments attributable to increases in the benchmark interest rate during the period leading up to the probable issuance of fixed-rate debt. We designate our interest rate locks as cash flow hedges. Gains and losses when we settle our interest rate locks are amortized into income over the life of the related debt, except where a material amount is deemed to be ineffective, which would be immediately reclassified to the consolidated statements of income.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts and Cross Currency Swap Contracts Designated as Net Investment Hedges

We use foreign currency forward and cross currency forward swap contracts to hedge a portion of the net investment in foreign subsidiaries against fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. For instruments that are designated and qualify as net investment hedges, the variability in the foreign currency to U.S. Dollar of the instrument is recorded as a cumulative translation adjustment component of OCI.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we settled certain net investment hedges generating cash proceeds of $6,716,000 and necessitating cash payments of $27,774,000, respectively. The balance of the cumulative translation adjustment will be reclassified to earnings if the hedged investment is sold or substantially liquidated.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Derivative Contracts Undesignated

We use foreign currency exchange contracts to manage existing exposures to foreign currency exchange risk. Gains and losses resulting from the changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded in interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and are substantially offset by net revaluation impacts on foreign currency denominated balance sheet exposures. In addition, we have several interest rate cap contracts related to variable rate secured debt agreements. Gains and losses resulting from the changes in fair values of these instruments are also recorded in interest expense.

The following presents the notional amount of derivatives and other financial instruments as of the dates indicated (in thousands):



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Denominated in Canadian Dollars	$	500,000		$	575,000
Denominated in Pounds Sterling	£	1,340,708		£	890,708

Financial instruments designated as net investment hedges:
Denominated in Canadian Dollars	$	250,000		$	250,000
Denominated in Pounds Sterling	£	1,050,000		£	1,050,000

Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges:
Denominated in U.S Dollars ⁽¹⁾	$	1,188,250		$	—

Derivative instruments not designated:
Interest rate caps denominated in U.S. Dollars	$	405,819		$	405,819
Forward purchase contracts denominated in Canadian Dollars	$	(217,500	)	$	(325,000	)
Forward sales contracts denominated in Canadian Dollars	$	280,000		$	405,000
Forward purchase contracts denominated in Pounds Sterling	£	(125,000	)	£	(350,000	)
Forward sales contracts denominated in Pounds Sterling	£	125,000		£	350,000

⁽¹⁾ At June 30, 2019 the maximum maturity date was July 15, 2021.

The following presents the impact of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the periods presented (in thousands):



		Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	Location	2019			2018		2019			2018
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments designated as hedges recognized in income	Interest expense	$	7,134		$	4,091	$	12,467		$	3,822

Gain (loss) on derivative instruments not designated as hedges recognized in income	Interest expense	$	(1,128	)	$	734	$	(2,666	)	$	2,453

Gain (loss) on foreign exchange contracts and term loans designated as net investment hedge recognized in OCI	OCI	$	100,407		$	150,703	$	12,725		$	88,005

13. Commitments and Contingencies

At June 30, 2019, we had 14 outstanding letter of credit obligations totaling $48,111,000 and expiring between 2019 and 2024. At June 30, 2019, we had outstanding construction in progress of $363,160,000 and were committed to providing additional funds of approximately $483,210,000 to complete construction. Purchase obligations include contingent purchase obligations totaling $8,476,000. These contingent purchase obligations relate to unfunded capital improvement obligations and contingent obligations on acquisitions. Rents due from the tenant are increased to reflect the additional investment in the property.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

14. Stockholders’ Equity

The following is a summary of our stockholders’ equity capital accounts as of the dates indicated:



	June 30, 2019	December 31, 2018
Preferred Stock:
Authorized shares	50,000,000	50,000,000
Issued shares	—	14,375,000
Outstanding shares	—	14,369,965

Common Stock, $1.00 par value:
Authorized shares	700,000,000	700,000,000
Issued shares	406,497,122	384,849,236
Outstanding shares	405,254,113	383,674,603

Preferred Stock The following is a summary of our preferred stock activity during the periods indicated:



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019			June 30, 2018
			Weighted Avg.			Weighted Avg.
	Shares		Dividend Rate	Shares		Dividend Rate
Beginning balance	14,369,965		6.50%	14,370,060		6.50%
Shares converted	(14,369,965	)	6.50%	(95	)	6.50%
Ending balance	—		—%	14,369,965		6.50%

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we converted all of the outstanding Series I Preferred Stock. Each share was converted into 0.8857 shares of common stock.

Common Stock In February 2019, we entered into separate amended and restated equity distribution agreements whereby we can offer and sell up to $1,500,000,000 aggregate amount of our common stock ("Equity Shelf Program"). The Equity Shelf Program also allows us to enter into forward sale agreements. As of June 30, 2019, we had $1,360,820,000 of remaining capacity under the Equity Shelf Program, which excludes forward sales agreements outstanding for the sale of 2,194,575 shares with maturity dates in the fourth quarter. We expect to physically settle the forward sales for cash proceeds.

The following is a summary of our common stock issuances during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands, except average price amounts):



	Shares Issued	Average Price	Gross Proceeds		Net Proceeds
2018 Dividend reinvestment plan issuances	182,910	$55.40	$	10,133	$	10,133
2018 Option exercises	1,026	53.61	55		55
2018 Preferred stock conversions	83		—		—
2018 Stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures	114,037		—		—
2018 Totals	298,056		$	10,188	$	10,188

2019 Dividend reinvestment plan issuances	4,304,712	$75.20	$	323,724	$	320,243
2019 Option exercises	10,736	51.32	551		551
2019 Equity Shelf Program issuances	4,384,045	74.97	328,665		326,362
2019 Preferred stock conversions	12,712,452		—		—
2019 Stock incentive plans, net of forfeitures	167,565		—		—
2019 Totals	21,579,510		$	652,940	$	647,156

Dividends The increase in dividends is primarily attributable to increases in our common shares outstanding, offset by the conversion of the Series I Preferred Stock as described above. The following is a summary of our dividend payments (in thousands, except per share amounts):

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
	Per Share		Amount		Per Share		Amount
Common Stock	$	1.7400	$	698,437	$	1.7400	$	647,098
Series I Preferred Stock	—		—		1.6250		23,352
Totals			$	698,437			$	670,450

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income The following is a summary of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented (in thousands):



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Foreign currency translation	$	(851,584	)	$	(868,006	)
Derivative instruments	751,502			738,777
Actuarial losses	(540		)	(540		)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(100,622	)	$	(129,769	)

15. Stock Incentive Plans

Our 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2016 Plan”) authorizes up to 10,000,000 shares of common stock to be issued at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Our non-employee directors, officers and key employees are eligible to participate in the 2016 Plan. The 2016 Plan allows for the issuance of, among other things, stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, deferred stock units, performance units and dividend equivalent rights. Vesting periods for options, deferred stock units and restricted shares generally range from three to five years. Options expire ten years from the date of grant. Stock-based compensation expense totaled $7,662,000 and $15,192,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectfully, and $5,167,000 and $16,725,000 for the same periods in 2018.

16. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings
per share - net income (loss) attributable
to common stockholders	$	137,762	$	154,432	$	418,232	$	592,103

Denominator for basic earnings per
share - weighted average shares	404,607		371,640		398,073		371,552
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options	—		14		1		15
Non-vested restricted shares	955		325		911		523
Redeemable shares	1,096		1,096		1,096		1,096
Employee stock purchase program	15		—		15		—
Dilutive potential common shares	2,066		1,435		2,023		1,634
Denominator for diluted earnings per
share - adjusted weighted average shares	406,673		373,075		400,096		373,186

Basic earnings per share	$	0.34	$	0.42	$	1.05	$	1.59
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.34	$	0.41	$	1.05	$	1.59

The Series I Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock were excluded from the 2018 calculation as the effect of the conversions were anti-dilutive. As of June 30, 2019, forward sales agreements outstanding for the sale of 2,194,575 shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because such forward sales were anti-dilutive for the period.

17. Disclosure about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. GAAP provides authoritative guidance for measuring and disclosing fair value measurements of assets and liabilities. The guidance defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Please see Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for additional information. The guidance describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value.

Mortgage Loans and Other Real Estate Loans Receivable — The fair value of mortgage loans and other real estate loans receivable is generally estimated by using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs such as discounting the estimated future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash — The carrying amount approximates fair value.

Equity Securities — Equity securities are recorded at their fair value based on Level 1 publicly available trading prices.

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and Commercial Paper Program — The carrying amount of the unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program approximates fair value because the borrowings are interest rate adjustable.

Senior Unsecured Notes — The fair value of the senior unsecured notes payable was estimated based on Level 1 publicly available trading prices. The carrying amount of the variable rate senior unsecured notes approximates fair value because they are interest rate adjustable.

Secured Debt — The fair value of fixed rate secured debt is estimated using Level 2 inputs by discounting the estimated future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. The carrying amount of variable rate secured debt approximates fair value because the borrowings are interest rate adjustable.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts, Interest Rate Swaps and Cross Currency Swaps — Foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps are recorded in other assets or other liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value that is derived from observable market data, including yield curves and foreign exchange rates (all of our derivatives are Level 2).

Redeemable OP Unitholder Interests — Our redeemable unitholder interests are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value using Level 2 inputs. The fair value is measured using the closing price of our common stock, as units may be redeemed at the election of the holder for cash or, at our option, one share of our common stock per unit, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our financial instruments are as follows (in thousands):

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Financial assets:
Mortgage loans receivable	$	264,398	$	274,116	$	249,071	$	257,337
Other real estate loans receivable	104,596		105,706		81,268		82,742
Equity securities	11,860		11,860		11,286		11,286
Cash and cash equivalents	268,666		268,666		215,376		215,376
Restricted cash	91,052		91,052		100,753		100,753
Foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps	91,290		91,290		94,729		94,729

Financial liabilities:
Unsecured revolving credit facility and commercial paper note program	$	1,869,188	$	1,869,188	$	1,147,000	$	1,147,000
Senior unsecured notes	10,606,106		11,026,259		9,603,299		10,043,797
Secured debt	2,675,507		2,737,838		2,476,177		2,499,130
Foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps	32,249		32,249		71,109		71,109

Redeemable OP unitholder interests	$	121,476	$	121,476	$	103,071	$	103,071

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The market approach is utilized to measure fair value for our financial assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The following summarizes items measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):



	Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Equity securities	$	11,860	$	11,860	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps, net asset (liability)⁽¹⁾	59,041		—		59,041		—
Redeemable OP unitholder interests	121,476		—		121,476		—
Totals	$	192,377	$	11,860	$	180,517	$	—

⁽¹⁾Please see Note 12 for additional information.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

In addition to items that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we also have assets and liabilities in our balance sheet that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. As these assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, they are not included in the tables above. Assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include those acquired/assumed. Asset impairments (if applicable, see Note 5 for impairments of real property and Note 7 for impairments of real estate loans receivable) are also measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. We have determined that the fair value measurements included in each of these assets and liabilities rely primarily on company-specific inputs and our assumptions about the use of the assets and settlement of liabilities, as observable inputs are not available. As such, we have determined that each of these fair value measurements generally resides within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. We estimate the fair value of real estate and related intangibles using the income approach and unobservable data such as net operating income and estimated capitalization and discount rates. We also consider local and national industry market data including comparable sales, and commonly engage an external real estate appraiser to assist us in our estimation of fair value. We estimate the fair value of assets held for sale based on current sales price expectations or, in the absence of such price expectations, Level 3 inputs described above. We estimate the fair value of loans receivable using projected payoff valuations based on the expected future cash flows and/or the estimated fair value of collateral, net of sales costs, if the repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the collateral. We estimate the fair value of secured debt assumed in asset acquisitions using current interest rates at which similar borrowings could be obtained on the transaction date.

18. Segment Reporting

We invest in seniors housing and health care real estate. We evaluate our business and make resource allocations on our three operating segments: Seniors Housing Operating, Triple-net and Outpatient Medical. Our seniors housing operating properties include assisted living, independent living/continuing care retirement communities, independent supportive living communities

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Canada), care homes with and without nursing (U.K.) and combinations thereof that are owned and/or operated through RIDEA structures (see Note 19). Under the Triple-net segment, we invest in seniors housing and health care real estate through acquisition and financing of primarily single tenant properties. Properties acquired are primarily leased under triple-net leases and we are not involved in the management of the property. Our outpatient medical properties are typically leased to multiple tenants and generally require a certain level of property management by us.

We evaluate performance based upon consolidated NOI of each segment. We define NOI as total revenues, including tenant reimbursements, less property operating expenses. We believe NOI provides investors relevant and useful information as it measures the operating performance of our properties at the property level on an unleveraged basis. We use NOI to make decisions about resource allocations and to assess the property level performance of our properties.

Non-segment revenue consists mainly of interest income on certain non-real estate investments and other income. Non-segment assets consist of corporate assets including cash, deferred loan expenses and corporate offices and equipment among others. Non-property specific revenues and expenses are not allocated to individual segments in determining NOI.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies (see Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018). The results of operations for all acquisitions described in Note 3 are included in our consolidated results of operations from the acquisition dates and are components of the appropriate segments. There are no intersegment sales or transfers.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Summary information for the reportable segments (which excludes unconsolidated entities) is as follows (in thousands):



Three Months Ended June 30, 2019:	Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Non-segment / Corporate			Total
Resident fees and services	$	914,085		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	914,085
Rental income	—			222,362			163,224			—			385,586
Interest income	—			17,118			238			—			17,356
Other income	1,444			1,278			(97		)	454			3,079
Total revenues	915,529			240,758			163,365			454			1,320,106

Property operating expenses	637,317			12,823			50,987			—			701,127
Consolidated net operating income	278,212			227,935			112,378			454			618,979

Depreciation and amortization	136,551			56,056			55,445			—			248,052
Interest expense	17,572			3,225			3,386			117,153			141,336
General and administrative expenses	—			—			—			33,741			33,741
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	—			1,913			—			—			1,913
Impairment of assets	—			(940		)	10,879			—			9,939
Other expenses	11,857			5,560			(4		)	4,215			21,628
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	112,232			162,121			42,672			(154,655		)	162,370
Income tax (expense) benefit	375			(1,361		)	(586		)	(27		)	(1,599		)
(Loss) income from unconsolidated entities	(17,453		)	6,578			1,826			—			(9,049		)
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(550		)	(1,130		)	(2		)	—			(1,682		)
Income (loss) from continuing operations	94,604			166,208			43,910			(154,682		)	150,040
Net income (loss)	$	94,604		$	166,208		$	43,910		$	(154,682	)	$	150,040

Total assets	$	16,440,104		$	9,494,388		$	7,004,561		$	209,644		$	33,148,697



Three Months Ended June 30, 2018:	Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Non-segment / Corporate			Total
Resident fees and services	$	763,345		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	763,345
Rental income	—			197,961			135,640			—			333,601
Interest income	172			13,247			43			—			13,462
Other income	1,650			13,212			144			498			15,504
Total revenues	765,167			224,420			135,827			498			1,125,912

Property operating expenses	525,662			136			42,953			—			568,751
Consolidated net operating income	239,505			224,284			92,874			498			557,161

Depreciation and amortization	134,779			55,309			46,187			—			236,275
Interest expense	16,971			3,800			1,656			98,989			121,416
General and administrative expenses	—			—			—			32,831			32,831
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	—			(7,460		)	—			—			(7,460		)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	299			—			—			—			299
Impairment of assets	2,212			2,420			—			—			4,632
Other expenses	6,167			957			2,095			839			10,058
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	79,077			169,258			42,936			(132,161		)	159,110
Income tax (expense) benefit	(2,617		)	(688		)	(378		)	(158		)	(3,841		)
(Loss) income from unconsolidated entities	(5,204		)	5,062			1,391			—			1,249
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(1		)	10,759			(3		)	—			10,755
Income (loss) from continuing operations	71,255			184,391			43,946			(132,319		)	167,273
Net income (loss)	$	71,255		$	184,391		$	43,946		$	(132,319	)	$	167,273

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Six Months Ended June 30, 2019	Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Non-segment / Corporate			Total
Resident fees and services	$	1,782,370		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1,782,370
Rental income	—			454,394			312,276			—			766,670
Interest income	—			32,064			411			—			32,475
Other income	5,545			2,541			139			2,611			10,836
Total revenues	1,787,915			488,999			312,826			2,611			2,592,351

Property operating expenses	1,245,003			27,778			99,153			—			1,371,934
Consolidated net operating income	542,912			461,221			213,673			2,611			1,220,417

Depreciation and amortization	268,126			117,404			106,454			—			491,984
Interest expense	35,823			6,665			6,734			237,346			286,568
General and administrative expenses	—			—			—			69,023			69,023
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	—			(574		)	—			—			(574		)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			—			—			15,719			15,719
Provision for loan losses	—			18,690			—			—			18,690
Impairment of assets	—			(940		)	10,879			—			9,939
Other expenses	14,803			8,589			750			6,242			30,384
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	224,160			311,387			88,856			(325,719		)	298,684
Income tax (expense) benefit	(244		)	(2,312		)	(951		)	(314		)	(3,821		)
(Loss) income from unconsolidated entities	(34,033		)	12,236			3,549			—			(18,248		)
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(710		)	166,444			(7		)	—			165,727
Income (loss) from continuing operations	189,173			487,755			91,447			(326,033		)	442,342
Net income (loss)	$	189,173		$	487,755		$	91,447		$	(326,033	)	$	442,342



Six Months Ended June 30, 2018	Seniors Housing Operating			Triple-net			Outpatient Medical			Non-segment / Corporate			Total
Resident fees and services	$	1,499,279		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1,499,279
Rental income	—			404,792			272,178			—			676,970
Interest income	257			27,798			55			—			28,110
Other income	2,798			14,589			265			866			18,518
Total revenues	1,502,334			447,179			272,498			866			2,222,877

Property operating expenses	1,037,603			157			87,456			—			1,125,216
Consolidated net operating income	464,731			447,022			185,042			866			1,097,661

Depreciation and amortization	260,548			111,341			92,587			—			464,476
Interest expense	33,906			7,242			3,332			199,711			244,191
General and administrative expenses	—			—			—			66,536			66,536
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	—			(14,633		)	—			—			(14,633		)
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	110			(32		)	11,928			—			12,006
Impairment of assets	4,513			28,304			—			—			32,817
Other expenses	5,979			2,077			2,693			3,021			13,770
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	159,675			312,723			74,502			(268,402		)	278,498
Income tax (expense) benefit	(2,455		)	(1,824		)	(806		)	(344		)	(5,429		)
(Loss) income from unconsolidated entities	(14,684		)	10,883			2,621			—			(1,180		)
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	4			134,156			214,779			—			348,939
Income (loss) from continuing operations	142,540			455,938			291,096			(268,746		)	620,828
Net income (loss)	$	142,540		$	455,938		$	291,096		$	(268,746	)	$	620,828

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our portfolio of properties and other investments are located in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. Revenues and assets are attributed to the country in which the property is physically located. The following is a summary of geographic information for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018				June 30, 2019				June 30, 2018
Revenues:	Amount		%		Amount		%		Amount		%		Amount		%
United States	$	1,092,376	82.8	%	$	895,734	79.5	%	$	2,136,042	82.4	%	$	1,759,523	79.1	%
United Kingdom	112,647		8.5	%	112,031		10.0	%	225,065		8.7	%	228,556		10.3	%
Canada	115,083		8.7	%	118,147		10.5	%	231,244		8.9	%	234,798		10.6	%
Total	$	1,320,106	100.0	%	$	1,125,912	100.0	%	$	2,592,351	100.0	%	$	2,222,877	100.0	%

	As of
	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
Assets:	Amount		%		Amount		%
United States	$	27,496,270	82.9	%	$	24,884,292	82.0	%
United Kingdom	3,173,654		9.6	%	3,078,994		10.1	%
Canada	2,478,773		7.5	%	2,378,786		7.9	%
Total	$	33,148,697	100.0	%	$	30,342,072	100.0	%

19. Income Taxes and Distributions

We elected to be taxed as a REIT commencing with our first taxable year. To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, at least 90% of taxable income (excluding 100% of net capital gains) must be distributed to stockholders. REITs that do not distribute a certain amount of current year taxable income in the current year are also subject to a 4% federal excise tax. The main differences between undistributed net income for federal income tax purposes and financial statement purposes are the recognition of straight-line rent for reporting purposes, basis differences in acquisitions, recording of impairments, differing useful lives and depreciation and amortization methods for real property and the provision for loan losses for reporting purposes versus bad debt expense for tax purposes.

Under the provisions of the REIT Investment Diversification and Empowerment Act of 2007 (“RIDEA”), for taxable years beginning after July 30, 2008, a REIT may lease “qualified health care properties” on an arm’s-length basis to a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) if the property is operated on behalf of such TRS by a person who qualifies as an “eligible independent contractor.” Generally, the rent received from the TRS will meet the related party rent exception and will be treated as “rents from real property.” A “qualified health care property” includes real property and any personal property that is, or is necessary or incidental to the use of, a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients. We have entered into various joint ventures that were structured under RIDEA. Resident level rents and related operating expenses for these facilities are reported in the unaudited consolidated financial statements and are subject to federal and state income taxes as the operations of such facilities are included in TRS entities. Certain net operating loss carryforwards could be utilized to offset taxable income in future years.

Income taxes reflected in the financial statements primarily represents U.S. federal, state and local income taxes as well as non-U.S. income based or withholding taxes on certain investments located in jurisdictions outside the U.S. The provision for income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, was primarily due to operating income or losses, offset by certain discrete items at our TRS entities. In 2014, we established certain wholly-owned direct and indirect subsidiaries in Luxembourg and Jersey and transferred interests in certain foreign investments into this holding company structure. The structure includes a property holding company that is tax resident in the United Kingdom. No material adverse current tax consequences in Luxembourg, Jersey or the United Kingdom resulted from the creation of this holding company structure and most of the subsidiary entities in the structure are treated as disregarded entities of the company for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The company reflects current and deferred tax liabilities for any such withholding taxes incurred as a result of this holding company structure in its consolidated financial statements. Generally, given current statutes of limitations, we are subject to audit by the Internal Revenue Service for the year ended December 31, 2015 and subsequent years and by state taxing authorities for the year ended December 31, 2014 and subsequent years. The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to audit by the Canada Revenue Agency and provincial authorities generally for periods subsequent to our initial investments in Canada in May 2013, by HM Revenue & Customs for periods subsequent to our initial investments in the United Kingdom in August 2013.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

20. Variable Interest Entities

We have entered into joint ventures to own certain seniors housing and outpatient medical assets which are deemed to be VIEs. We have concluded that we are the primary beneficiary of these VIEs based on a combination of operational control of the joint venture and the rights to receive residual returns or the obligation to absorb losses arising from the joint ventures. Except for capital contributions associated with the initial joint venture formations, the joint ventures have been and are expected to be funded from the ongoing operations of the underlying properties. Accordingly, such joint ventures have been consolidated, and the table below summarizes the balance sheets of consolidated VIEs in the aggregate (in thousands):



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Assets:
Net real estate investments	$	966,417	$	973,813
Cash and cash equivalents	22,491		18,678
Receivables and other assets	15,411		14,600
Total assets⁽¹⁾	$	1,004,319	$	1,007,091

Liabilities and equity:
Secured debt	$	462,836	$	465,433
Lease liabilities	1,326		—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	21,922		18,229
Total equity	518,235		523,429
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,004,319	$	1,007,091

(1) Note that assets of the consolidated VIEs can only be used to settle obligations relating to such VIEs. Liabilities of the consolidated VIEs represent claims against the specific assets of the VIEs.

21. Subsequent Events

Disposition of Benchmark Senior Living On July 16, 2019, we disposed of our Benchmark Senior Living portfolio for a $1.8 billion gross sale price. The portfolio consisted of 48 seniors housing operating properties located in New England. Proceeds were used to extinguish the $1 billion bridge loan (discussed in Note 11) and $24 million of secured debt.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

	Company Overview	29
	Business Strategy	29
	Key Transactions	29
	Key Performance Indicators, Trends and Uncertainties	30
	Corporate Governance	33

	LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

	Sources and Uses of Cash	33
	Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	34
	Contractual Obligations	34
	Capital Structure	34

	RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

	Summary	35
	Seniors Housing Operating	35
	Triple-net	37
	Outpatient Medical	39
	Non-Segment/Corporate	41

	OTHER

	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	42
	Critical Accounting Policies	49
	Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements	50

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis are based primarily on the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Welltower Inc. for the periods presented and should be read together with the notes thereto contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Other important factors are identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, including factors identified under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” References herein to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Welltower Inc. and its subsidiaries unless specifically noted otherwise.

Executive Summary

Company Overview

Welltower Inc. (NYSE:WELL), an S&P 500 company headquartered in Toledo, Ohio, is driving the transformation of health care infrastructure. The Company invests with leading seniors housing operators, post-acute providers and health systems to fund the real estate and infrastructure needed to scale innovative care delivery models and improve people’s wellness and overall health care experience. Welltower™, a real estate investment trust (“REIT”), owns interests in properties concentrated in major, high-growth markets in the United States (U.S.), Canada and the United Kingdom (U.K.), consisting of seniors housing and post-acute communities and outpatient medical properties.

The following table summarizes our consolidated portfolio for the three months ended June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



			Percentage of		Number of
Type of Property	NOI⁽¹⁾		NOI		Properties
Seniors Housing Operating	$	278,212	45.0	%	575
Triple-net	227,935		36.8	%	671
Outpatient Medical	112,378		18.2	%	352
Totals	$	618,525	100.0	%	1,598

⁽¹⁾ Represents consolidated NOI and excludes our share of investments in unconsolidated entities. Entities in which we have a joint venture with a minority partner are shown at 100% of the joint venture amount. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures for additional information and reconciliation.

Business Strategy

Our primary objectives are to protect stockholder capital and enhance stockholder value. We seek to pay consistent cash dividends to stockholders and create opportunities to increase dividend payments to stockholders as a result of annual increases in NOI and portfolio growth. To meet these objectives, we invest across the full spectrum of seniors housing and health care real estate and diversify our investment portfolio by property type, relationship and geographic location.

Substantially all of our revenues are derived from operating lease rentals, resident fees and services and interest earned on outstanding loans receivable. These items represent our primary sources of liquidity to fund distributions and depend upon the continued ability of our obligors to make contractual rent and interest payments to us and the profitability of our operating properties. To the extent that our obligors/partners experience operating difficulties and become unable to generate sufficient cash to make payments or operating distributions to us, there could be a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, liquidity and/or financial condition. To mitigate this risk, we monitor our investments through a variety of methods determined by the type of property. Our asset management process for seniors housing properties generally includes review of monthly financial statements and other operating data for each property, review of obligor/partner creditworthiness, property inspections, and review of covenant compliance relating to licensure, real estate taxes, letters of credit and other collateral. Our internal property management division manages and monitors the outpatient medical portfolio with a comprehensive process including review of tenant relations, lease expirations, the mix of health service providers, hospital/health system relationships, property performance, capital improvement needs, and market conditions among other things. We evaluate the operating environment in each property’s market to determine the likely trend in operating performance of the facility. When we identify unacceptable trends, we seek to mitigate, eliminate or transfer the risk. Through these efforts, we generally aim to intervene at an early stage to address any negative trends, and in so doing, support both the collectability of revenue and the value of our investment.

In addition to our asset management and research efforts, we also aim to structure our relevant investments to mitigate payment risk. Operating leases and loans are normally credit enhanced by guaranties and/or letters of credit. In addition, operating leases are typically structured as master leases and loans are generally cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized with other real estate loans, operating leases or agreements between us and the obligor and its affiliates.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, resident fees and services and rental income represented 69% and 30%, respectively, of total revenues. Substantially all of our operating leases are designed with escalating rent structures. Leases with fixed annual rental escalators are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial lease period, subject to a collectability assessment.

Rental income related to leases with contingent rental escalators is generally recorded based on the contractual cash rental payments due for the period. Our yield on loans receivable depends upon a number of factors, including the stated interest rate, the average principal amount outstanding during the term of the loan and any interest rate adjustments.

Our primary sources of cash include resident fees and services, rent and interest receipts, borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program, public issuances of debt and equity securities, proceeds from investment dispositions and principal payments on loans receivable. Our primary uses of cash include dividend distributions, debt service payments (including principal and interest), real property investments (including acquisitions, capital expenditures, construction advances and transaction costs), loan advances, property operating expenses and general and administrative expenses. Depending upon the availability and cost of external capital, we believe our liquidity is sufficient to fund these uses of cash.

We also continuously evaluate opportunities to finance future investments. New investments are generally funded from temporary borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program, internally generated cash and the proceeds from investment dispositions. Our investments generate cash from NOI and principal payments on loans receivable. Permanent financing for future investments, which replaces funds drawn under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program, has historically been provided through a combination of the issuance of public debt and equity securities and the incurrence or assumption of secured debt.

Depending upon market conditions, we believe that new investments will be available in the future with spreads over our cost of capital that will generate appropriate returns to our stockholders. It is also likely that investment dispositions may occur in the future. To the extent that investment dispositions exceed new investments, our revenues and cash flows from operations could be adversely affected. We expect to reinvest the proceeds from any investment dispositions in new investments. To the extent that new investment requirements exceed our available cash on-hand, we expect to borrow under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program. At June 30, 2019, we had $268,666,000 of cash and cash equivalents, $91,052,000 of restricted cash and $1,130,000,000 of available borrowing capacity under our unsecured revolving credit facility.

Key Transactions

Capital The following summarizes key capital transaction that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019:


•	In January 2019, we established an unsecured Commercial Paper Program. Under the terms of the program, we may issue, from time to time, unsecured commercial paper with maturities that vary, but do not exceed 397 days from the date of issue, up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding at any time of $1,000,000,000.


•	In February 2019, we completed the issuance of $500,000,000 of 3.625% senior unsecured notes due 2024 and $550,000,000 of 4.125% senior unsecured notes due 2029 for net proceeds of approximately $1,036,964,000.


•	In February 2019, we elected to effect the mandatory conversion of all of the outstanding 6.50% Series I Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock. Each share of convertible stock was converted into 0.8857 shares of common stock.


•	During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we extinguished $151,473,000 of secured debt at a blended average interest rate of 4.42% and in March 2019 we repaid our $600,000,000 of 4.125% senior unsecured notes due 2019 and $450,000,000 of 6.125% senior unsecured notes due 2020.


•	In May 2019, we drew on a $1,000,000,000 unsecured term loan facility that matures on May 28, 2020 which was put in place to bridge the acquisition of the CNL Healthcare Properties portfolio. The unsecured term loan facility was subsequently extinguished in July 2019 with proceeds from the disposition of the Benchmark Senior Living portfolio.

•

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we entered into amended and restated Equity Shelf Program (as defined below) pursuant to which we may offer and sell up to $1,500,000,000 of common stock from time to time. We sold 10,884,000 shares of common stock under our ATM and DRIP programs, via both cash settle and forward sale agreements, generating expected gross proceeds of approximately $833,444,000.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Investments The following summarizes our property acquisitions and joint venture investments completed during the six months ended June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



	Properties	Investment Amount⁽¹⁾		Capitalization Rates⁽²⁾		Book Amount⁽³⁾
Seniors Housing Operating	51	$	1,159,864	5.2	%	$	1,308,656
Triple-net	4	102,344		6.4	%	104,343
Outpatient Medical	66	1,399,112		5.7	%	1,472,327
Totals	121	$	2,661,320	5.5	%	$	2,885,326

⁽¹⁾ Represents stated pro rata purchase price including cash and any assumed debt but excludes fair value adjustments pursuant to U.S. GAAP.
⁽²⁾ Represents annualized contractual or projected net operating income to be received in cash divided by investment amounts.
⁽³⁾ Represents amounts recorded in Net real estate investments including fair value adjustments pursuant to U.S. GAAP. See Note 3 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Dispositions The following summarizes property dispositions made during the six months ended June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



	Properties	Proceeds⁽¹⁾		Capitalization Rates⁽²⁾		Book Amount⁽³⁾
Seniors Housing Operating⁽⁴⁾	3	$	11,478	2.2	%	$	8,726
Triple-net	35	614,823		6.7	%	442,865
Totals	38	$	626,301	6.7	%	$	451,591

⁽¹⁾ Represents pro rata proceeds received upon disposition including any seller financing.
⁽²⁾ Represents annualized contractual income that was being received in cash at date of disposition divided by disposition proceeds.
⁽³⁾ Represents carrying value of net real estate assets at time of disposition. See Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
⁽⁴⁾ Includes the disposition of an unconsolidated real estate investment.

Dividends Our Board of Directors announced the annual cash dividend of $3.48 per common share ($0.87 per share quarterly), consistent with 2018. The dividend declared for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 represents the 193^rd consecutive quarterly dividend payment.

Key Performance Indicators, Trends and Uncertainties

We utilize several key performance indicators to evaluate the various aspects of our business. These indicators are discussed below and relate to operating performance, concentration risk and credit strength. Management uses these key performance indicators to facilitate internal and external comparisons to our historical operating results, in making operating decisions and for budget planning purposes.

Operating Performance We believe that net income and net income attributable to common stockholders (“NICS”) per the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income are the most appropriate earnings measures. Other useful supplemental measures of our operating performance include funds from operations attributable to common stockholders (“FFO”), consolidated net operating income (“NOI”) and same store NOI (“SSNOI”); however, these supplemental measures are not defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Please refer to the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion and reconciliations. These earnings measures (and FFO per share amounts) are widely used by investors and analysts in the valuation, comparison and investment recommendations of companies. The following table reflects the recent historical trends of our operating performance measures for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		June 30,		September 30,		December 31,		March 31,		June 30,
	2018		2018		2018		2018		2019		2019
Net income (loss)	$	453,555	$	167,273	$	84,226	$	124,696	$	292,302	$	150,040
NICS	437,671		154,432		64,384		101,763		280,470		137,762
FFO	353,220		378,725		285,272		374,966		358,383		390,021
NOI	540,500		557,161		579,222		590,599		601,438		618,979
SSNOI	407,613		417,399		412,269		408,687		416,682		409,789

Per share data (fully diluted):
NICS	$	1.17	$	0.41	$	0.17	$	0.27	$	0.71	$	0.34
FFO	$	0.95	$	1.02	$	0.76	$	0.99	$	0.91	$	0.96

Credit Strength We measure our credit strength both in terms of leverage ratios and coverage ratios. The leverage ratios indicate how much of our balance sheet capitalization is related to long-term debt, net of cash and Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") Section 1031 deposits. The coverage ratios indicate our ability to service interest and fixed charges (interest, secured debt principal amortization and preferred dividends). We expect to maintain capitalization ratios and coverage ratios sufficient to maintain a capital structure consistent with our current profile. The coverage ratios are based on earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). Please refer to the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion and reconciliations of these measures. Leverage ratios and coverage ratios are widely used by investors, analysts and rating agencies in the valuation, comparison, investment recommendations and rating of companies. The following table reflects the recent historical trends for our credit strength measures for the periods presented:



	Three Months Ended
	March, 31	June 30,	September 30,	December 31,	March 31,	June 30,
	2018	2018	2018	2018	2019	2019

Net debt to book capitalization ratio	42%	42%	46%	45%	43%	48%
Net debt to undepreciated book capitalization ratio	35%	36%	39%	38%	36%	41%
Net debt to market capitalization ratio	34%	31%	34%	31%	28%	30%

Interest coverage ratio	6.67x	4.34x	3.38x	3.60x	4.80x	3.74x
Fixed charge coverage ratio	5.49x	3.58x	2.85x	3.05x	4.38x	3.42x

Concentration Risk We evaluate our concentration risk in terms of NOI by property mix, relationship mix and geographic mix. Concentration risk is a valuable measure in understanding what portion of our NOI could be at risk if certain sectors were to experience downturns. Property mix measures the portion of our NOI that relates to our various property types. Relationship mix measures the portion of our NOI that relates to our current top five relationships. Geographic mix measures the portion of our NOI that relates to our current top five states (or international equivalents). The following table reflects our recent historical trends of concentration risk by NOI for the periods indicated below:

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,	June 30,	September 30,	December 31,	March 31,	June 30,
	2018	2018	2018	2018	2019	2019
Property mix:⁽¹⁾
Seniors Housing Operating	42%	43%	46%	43%	44%	45%
Triple-net	41%	40%	38%	40%	39%	37%
Outpatient Medical	17%	17%	16%	17%	17%	18%

Relationship mix:⁽¹⁾
Sunrise Senior Living⁽²⁾	15%	15%	15%	14%	15%	14%
ProMedica	—%	—%	7%	9%	9%	9%
Revera⁽²⁾	7%	7%	7%	6%	6%	6%
Genesis HealthCare	6%	6%	6%	6%	5%	5%
Benchmark Senior Living⁽³⁾	4%	5%	4%	4%	4%	5%
Remaining relationships	68%	67%	61%	61%	61%	61%

Geographic mix:⁽¹⁾
California	14%	14%	13%	13%	13%	13%
United Kingdom	10%	9%	9%	9%	9%	8%
Texas	8%	8%	7%	8%	8%	8%
Canada	9%	8%	8%	8%	7%	7%
New Jersey	8%	7%	7%	7%	7%	7%
Remaining geographic areas	51%	54%	56%	55%	56%	57%

⁽¹⁾ Excludes our share of investments in unconsolidated entities and non-segment/corporate NOI. Entities in which we have a joint venture with a minority partner are shown at 100% of the joint venture amount.
⁽²⁾ Revera owns a controlling interest in Sunrise Senior Living.
⁽³⁾ The Benchmark Senior Living portfolio was sold in July 2019.

Lease Expirations The following table sets forth information regarding lease expirations for certain portions of our portfolio as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



	Expiration Year⁽¹⁾
	2019			2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025			2026			2027			2028			Thereafter
Triple-net:
Properties	30			—			7			11			—			4			48			93			19			19			417
Base rent⁽²⁾	$	34,168		$	—		$	12,254		$	9,023		$	—		$	11,096		$	52,542		$	123,519		$	35,571		$	22,128		$	466,866
% of base rent	4.5		%	—		%	1.6		%	1.2		%	—		%	1.4		%	6.8		%	16.1		%	4.6		%	2.9		%	60.9		%
Units/beds	2,540			—			1,316			1,182			—			692			3,033			7,452			2,401			1,979			43,890
% of Units/beds	3.9		%	—		%	2.0		%	1.8		%	—		%	1.1		%	4.7		%	11.6		%	3.7		%	3.1		%	68.1		%

Outpatient Medical:
Square feet	902,986			1,669,510			1,988,685			2,106,936			2,116,845			2,003,818			1,129,172			1,448,787			817,114			880,070			5,746,479
Base rent⁽²⁾	$	25,166		$	45,925		$	54,771		$	57,230		$	57,127		$	58,855		$	29,965		$	36,921		$	20,315		$	23,309		$	120,638
% of base rent	4.7		%	8.7		%	10.3		%	10.8		%	10.8		%	11.1		%	5.7		%	7.0		%	3.8		%	4.4		%	22.8		%
Leases	255			412			404			397			426			294			176			190			112			102			266
% of Leases	8.3		%	13.6		%	13.3		%	13.1		%	14.0		%	9.7		%	5.8		%	6.3		%	3.7		%	3.4		%	8.8		%

(1) Excludes investments in unconsolidated entities, developments, land parcels, loans receivable and sub-leases. Investments classified as held for sale are included in the current year.
(2) The most recent monthly cash base rent annualized. Base rent does not include tenant recoveries or amortization of above and below market lease intangibles or other non-cash income.

We evaluate our key performance indicators in conjunction with current expectations to determine if historical trends are indicative of future results. Our expected results may not be achieved and actual results may differ materially from our expectations. Factors that may cause actual results to differ from expected results are described in more detail in “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Management regularly monitors economic and other factors to develop strategic and tactical plans designed to improve performance and maximize our competitive position. Our ability to achieve our financial objectives is dependent upon our ability to effectively execute these plans and to appropriately respond to emerging economic and company-specific trends. Please refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further discussion of these risk factors.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Corporate Governance

Maintaining investor confidence and trust is important in today’s business environment. Our Board of Directors and management are strongly committed to policies and procedures that reflect the highest level of ethical business practices. Our corporate governance guidelines provide the framework for our business operations and emphasize our commitment to increase stockholder value while meeting all applicable legal requirements. These guidelines meet the listing standards adopted by the New York Stock Exchange and are available on the Internet at www.welltower.com/investors/governance. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and our web address is included as an inactive textual reference only.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our primary sources of cash include resident fees and services, rent and interest receipts, borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program, public issuances of debt and equity securities, proceeds from investment dispositions and principal payments on loans receivable. Our primary uses of cash include dividend distributions, debt service payments (including principal and interest), real property investments (including acquisitions, capital expenditures, construction advances and transaction costs), loan advances, property operating expenses, and general and administrative expenses. These sources and uses of cash are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and are discussed in further detail below. The following is a summary of our sources and uses of cash flows (dollars in thousands):



	Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30, 2019			June 30, 2018			$			%
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	316,129		$	309,303		$	6,826		2	%
Cash provided from (used in) operating activities	854,482			838,424			16,058			2	%
Cash provided from (used in) investing activities	(2,531,364		)	130,251			(2,661,615		)	-2,043	%
Cash provided from (used in) financing activities	1,720,804			(1,000,290		)	2,721,094			272	%
Effect of foreign currency translation	(333		)	(5,305		)	4,972			94	%
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	359,718		$	272,383		$	87,335		32	%

Operating Activities The change in net cash provided from operating activities was immaterial. Please see “Results of Operations” for discussion of net income fluctuations. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash flow provided from operations exceeded cash distributions to stockholders.

Investing Activities The changes in net cash provided from/used in investing activities are primarily attributable to changes in acquisition and dispositions, which are summarized above in “Key Transactions” and Notes 3 and 5 of our unaudited consolidated financial statements. The following is a summary of cash used in non-acquisition capital improvement activities (dollars in thousands):



	Six Months Ended				Change
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018		$			%
New development	$	155,409	$	62,978	$	92,431		147	%
Recurring capital expenditures, tenant improvements and lease commissions	49,925		35,116		14,809			42	%
Renovations, redevelopments and other capital improvements	74,251		76,216		(1,965		)	-3	%
Total	$	279,585	$	174,310	$	105,275		60	%

The change in new development is primarily due to the number and size of construction projects on-going during the relevant periods. Renovations, redevelopments and other capital improvements include expenditures to maximize property value, increase net operating income, maintain a market-competitive position and/or achieve property stabilization.

Financing Activities The changes in net cash provided from/used in financing activities are primarily attributable to changes related to our long-term debt arrangements, the issuance/redemption of common and preferred stock and dividend payments which are summarized above in "Key Transactions". Please refer to Notes 10, 11 and 14 of our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At June 30, 2019, we had investments in unconsolidated entities with our ownership interests ranging from 10% to 50%. We use financial derivative instruments to hedge interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate exposure. At June 30, 2019, we had 14 outstanding letter of credit obligations. Please see Notes 8, 12 and 13 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our payment requirements under contractual obligations as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands):



	Payments Due by Period
Contractual Obligations	Total		2019		2020-2021		2022-2023		Thereafter
Unsecured credit facility and commercial paper^(1,2)	$	1,870,000	$	935,000	$	—	$	935,000	$	—
Senior unsecured notes and term credit facilities:⁽²⁾
U.S. Dollar senior unsecured notes	8,450,000		—		1,450,000		1,700,000		5,300,000
Canadian Dollar senior unsecured notes⁽³⁾	229,165		—		229,165		—		—
Pounds Sterling senior unsecured notes⁽³⁾	1,333,920		—		—		—		1,333,920
U.S. Dollar term credit facility	507,500		—		7,500		500,000		—
Canadian Dollar term credit facility⁽³⁾	190,971		—		—		190,971		—
Secured debt:^(2,3)
Consolidated	2,689,982		312,291		527,943		682,908		1,166,840
Unconsolidated	770,687		31,538		68,069		53,943		617,137
Contractual interest obligations:⁽⁴⁾
Unsecured credit facility and commercial paper	120,634		15,079		60,317		45,238		—
Senior unsecured notes and term loans⁽³⁾	4,038,896		259,830		826,444		711,116		2,241,506
Consolidated secured debt⁽³⁾	502,618		49,625		159,559		110,554		182,880
Unconsolidated secured debt⁽³⁾	196,781		14,745		52,201		48,783		81,052
Financing lease liabilities⁽⁵⁾	184,511		4,461		17,196		76,773		86,081
Operating lease liabilities⁽⁵⁾	1,542,933		8,637		33,843		31,797		1,468,656
Purchase obligations⁽⁶⁾	491,686		224,234		222,195		41,113		4,144
Other long-term liabilities	492		492		—		—		—
Total contractual obligations	$	23,120,776	$	1,855,932	$	3,654,432	$	5,128,196	$	12,482,216

⁽¹⁾ Relates to our unsecured credit facility and commercial paper with an aggregate commitment of $3,000,000,000. See Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
⁽²⁾ Amounts represent principal amounts due and do not reflect unamortized premiums/discounts or other fair value adjustments as reflected on the balance sheet.
⁽³⁾ Based on foreign currency exchange rates in effect as of balance sheet date.
⁽⁴⁾ Based on variable interest rates in effect as of balance sheet date.
⁽⁵⁾ See Note 6 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.
⁽⁶⁾ See Note 13 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Capital Structure

Please refer to “Credit Strength” above for a discussion of our leverage and coverage ratio trends. Our debt agreements contain various covenants, restrictions and events of default. Certain agreements require us to maintain financial ratios and minimum net worth and impose certain limits on our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens and make investments or acquisitions. As of June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under our debt agreements. None of our debt agreements contain provisions for acceleration which could be triggered by our debt ratings. However, under our primary unsecured credit facility, the ratings on our senior unsecured notes are used to determine the fees and interest charged. We plan to manage the company to maintain compliance with our debt covenants and with a capital structure consistent with our current profile. Any downgrades in terms of ratings or outlook by any or all of the rating agencies could have a material adverse impact on our cost and availability of capital, which could in turn have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, liquidity and/or financial condition.

On May 17, 2018, we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (1) an open-ended automatic or “universal” shelf registration statement covering an indeterminate amount of future offerings of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, warrants and units and (2) a registration statement in connection with our enhanced dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) under which we may issue up to 15,000,000 shares of common stock. As of July 19, 2019, 4,300,170 shares of common

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

stock remained available for issuance under the DRIP registration statement. On February 25, 2019 we entered into separate amended and restated equity distribution agreements with each of Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Agricole Securities (USA) Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, MUFG Securities Americas Inc., RBC Capital Markets, LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC relating to the offer and sale from time to time of up to $1,500,000,000 aggregate amount of our common stock (“Equity Shelf Program”). The Equity Shelf Program also allows us to enter into forward sale agreements. As of July 19, 2019, we had $1,360,820,000 of remaining capacity under the Equity Shelf Program, which excludes forward sales agreements outstanding for the sale of 2,556,481 shares with maturity dates in the fourth quarter. We expect to physically settle the forward sales for cash proceeds. Depending upon market conditions, we anticipate issuing securities under our registration statements to invest in additional properties and to repay borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program.

Results of Operations

Summary

Our primary sources of revenue include resident fees and services, rent and interest income. Our primary expenses include depreciation and amortization, interest expense, property operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and other expenses. We evaluate our business and make resource allocations on our three business segments: Seniors Housing Operating, Triple-net and Outpatient Medical. The primary performance measures for our properties are NOI and SSNOI, which are discussed below. Please see Non-GAAP Financial Measures for additional information and reconciliations. The following is a summary of our results of operations (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			Amount			%		2019			2018			Amount			%
Net income	$	150,040		$	167,273		$	(17,233	)	-10	%	$	442,342		$	620,828		$	(178,486	)	-29	%
NICS	137,762			154,432			(16,670		)	-11	%	418,232			592,103			(173,871		)	-29	%
FFO	390,021			378,725			11,296			3	%	748,404			731,945			16,459			2	%
EBITDA	541,027			528,805			12,222			2	%	1,224,715			1,334,924			(110,209		)	-8	%
NOI	618,979			557,161			61,818			11	%	1,220,417			1,097,661			122,756			11	%
SSNOI	409,789			417,399			(7,610		)	-1.8	%	826,471			825,012			1,459			0.2	%
Per share data (fully diluted):
NICS	$	0.34		$	0.41		$	(0.07	)	-17	%	$	1.05		$	1.59		$	(0.54	)	-34	%
FFO	$	0.96		$	1.02		$	(0.06	)	-6	%	$	1.87		$	1.96		$	(0.09	)	-5	%

Interest coverage ratio	3.74		x	4.34		x	(0.60		)x	-14	%	4.27		x	5.50		x	(1.23		)x	-22	%
Fixed charge coverage ratio	3.42		x	3.58		x	(0.16		)x	-4	%	3.90		x	4.53		x	(0.63		)x	-14	%

Seniors Housing Operating

The following is a summary of our NOI and SSNOI for the Seniors Housing Operating segment (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
NOI	$	278,212		$	239,505		$	38,707		16.2	%	$	542,912		$	464,731		$	78,181		16.8	%
Non SSNOI attributable to same store properties	1,384			358			1,026			286.6	%	3,299			627			2,672			426.2	%
NOI attributable to non same store properties⁽¹⁾	(88,898		)	(45,907		)	(42,991		)	-93.6	%	(159,122		)	(80,572		)	(78,550		)	-97.5	%
SSNOI⁽²⁾	$	190,698		$	193,956		$	(3,258	)	-1.7	%	$	387,089		$	384,786		$	2,303		0.6	%

⁽¹⁾ Change is primarily due to the acquisition of 63 properties subsequent to January 1, 2018 and the transition of 81 properties from Triple-net to Seniors Housing Operating.

⁽²⁾ Relates to 365 same store properties.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a summary of our Seniors Housing Operating results of operations (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
Revenues:
Resident fees and services	$	914,085		$	763,345		$	150,740		20	%	$	1,782,370		$	1,499,279		$	283,091		19	%
Interest income	—			172			(172		)	-100	%	—			257			(257		)	-100	%
Other income	1,444			1,650			(206		)	-12	%	5,545			2,798			2,747			98	%
Total revenues	915,529			765,167			150,362			20	%	1,787,915			1,502,334			285,581			19	%
Property operating expenses	637,317			525,662			111,655			21	%	1,245,003			1,037,603			207,400			20	%
NOI⁽¹⁾	278,212			239,505			38,707			16	%	542,912			464,731			78,181			17	%
Other expenses:
Depreciation and amortization	136,551			134,779			1,772			1	%	268,126			260,548			7,578			3	%
Interest expense	17,572			16,971			601			4	%	35,823			33,906			1,917			6	%
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			299			(299		)	-100	%	—			110			(110		)	-100	%
Impairment of assets	—			2,212			(2,212		)	-100	%	—			4,513			(4,513		)	-100	%
Other expenses	11,857			6,167			5,690			92	%	14,803			5,979			8,824			148	%
	165,980			160,428			5,552			3	%	318,752			305,056			13,696			4	%
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	112,232			79,077			33,155			42	%	224,160			159,675			64,485			40	%
Income tax benefit (expense)	375			(2,617		)	2,992			114	%	(244		)	(2,455		)	2,211			90	%
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	(17,453		)	(5,204		)	(12,249		)	-235	%	(34,033		)	(14,684		)	(19,349		)	-132	%
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(550		)	(1		)	(549		)	-54,900	%	(710		)	4			(714		)	-17,850	%
Income from continuing operations	94,604			71,255			23,349			33	%	189,173			142,540			46,633			33	%
Net income (loss)	94,604			71,255			23,349			33	%	189,173			142,540			46,633			33	%
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	2,236			(766		)	3,002			392	%	3,977			(1,664		)	5,641			339	%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	92,368		$	72,021		$	20,347		28	%	$	185,196		$	144,204		$	40,992		28	%

⁽¹⁾ See Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

Fluctuations in revenues and property operating expenses are primarily a result of acquisitions, segment transitions and the movement of U.S. and foreign currency exchange rates. The fluctuations in depreciation and amortization are due to acquisitions and variations in amortization of short-lived intangible assets. To the extent that we acquire or dispose of additional properties in the future, these amounts will change accordingly.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded impairment charges on certain held for sale properties as the carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value less costs to sell. Changes in the gain/loss on sale of properties are related to the volume of property sales and sales prices. Transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized as a component of purchase price. The increase in other expenses is primarily due to additional noncapitalizable transactions costs from acquisitions and operator transitions.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we completed two seniors housing operating construction projects representing $28,117,000 or $109,405 per unit. The following is a summary of our seniors housing operating construction projects, excluding expansions, pending as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



Location	Units	Commitment		Balance		Est. Completion
Taylor, PA	113	$	14,272	$	8,801	4Q19
Wandsworth, UK	97	74,890		51,699		1Q20
Beavercreek, OH	100	12,032		8,361		1Q20
Potomac, MD	120	56,720		11,881		4Q20
	430	$	157,914	80,742
Toronto, ON	Project in planning stage			42,486
Hendon, UK	Project in planning stage			27,539
Barnet, UK	Project in planning stage			24,310
Washington, DC	Project in planning stage			16,412
				$	191,489

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Interest expense represents secured debt interest expense which fluctuates based on the net effect and timing of assumptions, segment transitions, fluctuations in currency rates, extinguishments and principal amortizations. The following is a summary of our Seniors Housing Operating segment secured debt principal activity (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018					June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018
				Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.
	Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate
Beginning balance	$	1,995,343		3.79	%	$	1,931,401		3.68	%	$	1,810,587		3.87	%	$	1,988,700		3.66	%
Debt issued	48,806			2.94	%	24,280			3.06	%	295,969			3.52	%	44,606			3.38	%
Debt assumed	—			0.00	%	—			0.00	%	42,000			4.62	%	85,192			4.40	%
Debt extinguished	(36,903		)	2.74	%	(13,165		)	3.57	%	(151,473		)	4.42	%	(131,175		)	4.85	%
Principal payments	(11,225		)	3.49	%	(12,062		)	3.57	%	(22,430		)	3.44	%	(24,001		)	3.56	%
Foreign currency	22,159			3.31	%	(21,039		)	3.30	%	43,527			3.33	%	(53,907		)	3.29	%
Ending balance	$	2,018,180		3.80	%	$	1,909,415		3.73	%	$	2,018,180		3.80	%	$	1,909,415		3.73	%

Monthly averages	$	1,996,642		3.80	%	$	1,922,640		3.71	%	$	1,950,546		3.82	%	$	1,932,618		3.68	%

The majority of our Seniors Housing Operating properties are formed through partnership interests. Losses from unconsolidated entities are largely attributable to depreciation and amortization of short-lived intangible assets related to certain investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, as well as the disposal of an investment in an unconsolidated entity during the quarter ended June 30, 2019. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represents our partners’ share of net income (loss) related to joint ventures.

Triple-net

The following is a summary of our NOI and SSNOI for the Triple-net segment (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
NOI	$	227,935		$	224,284		$	3,651		1.6	%	$	461,221		$	447,022		$	14,199		3.2	%
Non SSNOI attributable to same store properties	(8,114		)	(4,068		)	(4,046		)	-99.5	%	(15,707		)	(14,796		)	(911		)	-6.2	%
NOI attributable to non same store properties⁽¹⁾	(87,819		)	(83,148		)	(4,671		)	-5.6	%	(180,659		)	(164,603		)	(16,056		)	-9.8	%
SSNOI⁽²⁾	$	132,002		$	137,068		$	(5,066	)	-3.7	%	$	264,855		$	267,623		$	(2,768	)	-1.0	%

⁽¹⁾ Change is primarily due to the acquisition of 237 properties, the transitioning/restructuring of six properties, and the conversion of seven construction projects into revenue-generating properties subsequent to January 1, 2018 and 30 held for sale properties at June 30, 2019.

⁽²⁾ Relates to 388 same store properties.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a summary of our results of operations for the Triple-net segment (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
Revenues:
Rental income	$	222,362		$	197,961		$	24,401		12	%	$	454,394		$	404,792		$	49,602		12	%
Interest income	17,118			13,247			3,871			29	%	32,064			27,798			4,266			15	%
Other income	1,278			13,212			(11,934		)	-90	%	2,541			14,589			(12,048		)	-83	%
Total revenues	240,758			224,420			16,338			7	%	488,999			447,179			41,820			9	%
Property operating expenses	12,823			136			12,687			9,329	%	27,778			157			27,621			17,593	%
NOI⁽¹⁾	227,935			224,284			3,651			2	%	461,221			447,022			14,199			3	%
Other expenses:
Depreciation and amortization	56,056			55,309			747			1	%	117,404			111,341			6,063			5	%
Interest expense	3,225			3,800			(575		)	-15	%	6,665			7,242			(577		)	-8	%
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	1,913			(7,460		)	9,373			126	%	(574		)	(14,633		)	14,059			96	%
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			—			—			n/a		—			(32		)	32			100	%
Provision for loan losses	—			—			—			n/a		18,690			—			18,690			n/a
Impairment of assets	(940		)	2,420			(3,360		)	-139	%	(940		)	28,304			(29,244		)	-103	%
Other expenses	5,560			957			4,603			481	%	8,589			2,077			6,512			314	%
	65,814			55,026			10,788			20	%	149,834			134,299			15,535			12	%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	162,121			169,258			(7,137		)	-4	%	311,387			312,723			(1,336		)	—	%
Income tax (expense) benefit	(1,361		)	(688		)	(673		)	-98	%	(2,312		)	(1,824		)	(488		)	-27	%
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	6,578			5,062			1,516			30	%	12,236			10,883			1,353			12	%
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(1,130		)	10,759			(11,889		)	-111	%	166,444			134,156			32,288			24	%
Income from continuing operations	166,208			184,391			(18,183		)	-10	%	487,755			455,938			31,817			7	%
Net income	166,208			184,391			(18,183		)	-10	%	487,755			455,938			31,817			7	%
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	9,230			1,253			7,977			637	%	18,326			3,216			15,110			470	%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	156,978		$	183,138		$	(26,160	)	-14	%	$	469,429		$	452,722		$	16,707		4	%

⁽¹⁾ See Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

The increase in rental income is primarily attributable to acquisitions including Quality Care Properties Inc. ("QCP") in July 2018, partially offset by the disposition or segment transition of various properties. In addition, we have recorded certain real estate property taxes on a gross basis, with the offset to property operating expenses, as a result of our ASC 842 adoption on January 1, 2019. Certain of our leases contain annual rental escalators that are contingent upon changes in the Consumer Price Index and/or changes in the gross operating revenues of the tenant’s properties. These escalators are not fixed, so no straight-line rent is recorded; however, rental income is recorded based on the contractual cash rental payments due for the period. If gross operating revenues at our facilities and/or the Consumer Price Index do not increase, a portion of our revenues may not continue to increase. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, we had 11 leases with rental rate increasers ranging from 0.13% to 0.70% in our Triple-net portfolio. The decrease in other income is primarily due to $10,805,000 of net lease termination fees recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Depreciation and amortization increased primarily as a result of the acquisitions of triple-net properties exceeding dispositions. To the extent that we acquire or dispose of additional properties in the future, our provision for depreciation and amortization will change accordingly.

In March 2019, we recognized a provision for loan losses of $18,690,000 to fully reserve for certain real estate loans receivable that are no longer deemed collectible. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded impairment charges on certain held for sale triple-net properties as the carrying values exceeded the estimated fair value less costs to sell. Changes in the gain on sales of properties are related to the volume and timing of property sales and the sales prices. Transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized as a component of purchase price. The increase in other expenses is primarily due to additional noncapitalizable transaction costs from acquisitions and operator transitions.

The following is a summary of Triple-net construction projects, excluding expansions, pending as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



Location	Units/Beds	Commitment		Balance		Est. Completion
Westerville, OH	90	$	22,800	$	13,925	3Q19
Union, KY	162	34,600		18,000		1Q20
Droitwich, UK	70	16,090		6,870		2Q20
Thousand Oaks, CA	82	24,763		6,256		4Q20
	404	$	98,253	$	45,051

Interest expense represents secured debt interest expense and related fees. The change in interest expense is due to the net effect and timing of assumptions, segment transitions, fluctuations in foreign currency rates, extinguishments and principal amortizations. The fluctuations in loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt is primarily attributable to the volume of extinguishments and terms of the related secured debt. The fluctuation in loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net is primarily attributable to the mark-to-market adjustment recorded on the Genesis HealthCare available-for-sale investment. The following is a summary of our Triple-net secured debt principal activity (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018					June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018
				Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.					Wtd. Avg.
	Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate
Beginning balance	$	292,258		3.62	%	$	347,342		3.50	%	$	288,386		3.63	%	$	347,474		3.55	%
Debt extinguished	—			0.00	%	—			0.00	%	—			0.00	%	(4,107		)	4.94	%
Principal payments	(952		)	5.25	%	(1,055		)	5.57	%	(1,909		)	5.25	%	(2,071		)	5.49	%
Foreign currency	(3,354		)	3.21	%	(12,254		)	2.72	%	1,475			4.77	%	(7,263		)	3.59	%
Ending balance	$	287,952		3.63	%	$	334,033		3.53	%	$	287,952		3.63	%	$	334,033		3.53	%

Monthly averages	$	289,328		3.62	%	$	340,332		3.37	%	$	291,073		3.62	%	$	343,820		3.44	%

A portion of our Triple-net properties were formed through partnerships. Income or loss from unconsolidated entities represents our share of net income or losses from partnerships where we are the noncontrolling partner. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest represents our partners’ share of net income relating to those partnerships where we are the controlling partner. Increases in net income attributable to noncontrolling interest is due primarily to the ProMedica joint venture formed as part of the QCP acquisition.

Outpatient Medical

The following is a summary of our NOI and SSNOI for the Outpatient Medical segment (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
NOI	$	112,378		$	92,874		$	19,504		21.0	%	$	213,673		$	185,042		$	28,631		15.5	%
Non SSNOI on same store properties	(1,204		)	(1,397		)	193			13.8	%	(2,767		)	(2,663		)	(104		)	-3.9	%
NOI attributable to non same store properties⁽¹⁾	(24,085		)	(5,102		)	(18,983		)	-372.1	%	(36,379		)	(9,776		)	(26,603		)	-272.1	%
SSNOI⁽²⁾	$	87,089		$	86,375		$	714		0.8	%	$	174,527		$	172,603		$	1,924		1.1	%

⁽¹⁾ Change is primarily due to acquisitions of 102 properties and the conversion of 12 construction projects into revenue-generating properties subsequent to

January 1, 2018.

⁽²⁾ Relates to 227 same store properties.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a summary of our results of operations for the Outpatient Medical segment (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
Revenues:
Rental income	$	163,224		$	135,640		$	27,584		20	%	$	312,276		$	272,178		$	40,098		15	%
Interest income	238			43			195			453	%	411			55			356			647	%
Other income	(97		)	144			(241		)	-167	%	139			265			(126		)	-48	%
Total revenues	163,365			135,827			27,538			20	%	312,826			272,498			40,328			15	%
Property operating expenses	50,987			42,953			8,034			19	%	99,153			87,456			11,697			13	%
NOI⁽¹⁾	112,378			92,874			19,504			21	%	213,673			185,042			28,631			15	%
Other expenses:
Depreciation and amortization	55,445			46,187			9,258			20	%	106,454			92,587			13,867			15	%
Interest expense	3,386			1,656			1,730			104	%	6,734			3,332			3,402			102	%
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			—			—			n/a		—			11,928			(11,928		)	-100	%
Impairment of assets	10,879			—			10,879			n/a		10,879			—			10,879			n/a
Other expenses	(4		)	2,095			(2,099		)	-100	%	750			2,693			(1,943		)	-72	%
	69,706			49,938			19,768			40	%	124,817			110,540			14,277			13	%
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	42,672			42,936			(264		)	-1	%	88,856			74,502			14,354			19	%
Income tax (expense) benefit	(586		)	(378		)	(208		)	-55	%	(951		)	(806		)	(145		)	-18	%
Income from unconsolidated entities	1,826			1,391			435			31	%	3,549			2,621			928			35	%
Gain (loss) on real estate dispositions, net	(2		)	(3		)	1			33	%	(7		)	214,779			(214,786		)	-100	%
Income from continuing operations	43,910			43,946			(36		)	—	%	91,447			291,096			(199,649		)	-69	%
Net income (loss)	43,910			43,946			(36		)	—	%	91,447			291,096			(199,649		)	-69	%
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	812			678			134			20	%	1,807			3,821			(2,014		)	-53	%
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	43,098		$	43,268		$	(170	)	—	%	$	89,640		$	287,275		$	(197,635	)	-69	%

⁽¹⁾ See Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

The increase in rental income is primarily attributable to acquisitions and development conversions, partially offset by dispositions of outpatient medical properties. Certain of our leases contain annual rental escalators that are contingent upon changes in the Consumer Price Index. These escalators are not fixed, so no straight-line rent is recorded; however, rental income is recorded based on the contractual cash rental payments due for the period. If the Consumer Price Index does not increase, a portion of our revenues may not continue to increase. Sales of real property would offset revenue increases and, to the extent that they exceed new acquisitions, could result in decreased revenues. Our leases could renew above or below current rental rates, resulting in an increase or decrease in rental income. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, our consolidated outpatient medical portfolio signed 138,399 square feet of new leases and 332,299 square feet of renewals. The weighted-average term of these leases was seven years, with a rate of $36.64 per square foot and tenant improvement and lease commission costs of $21.40 per square foot. Substantially all of these leases contain an annual fixed or contingent escalation rent structure ranging from 1.5% to 3.9%.

The fluctuation in property operating expenses is primarily attributable to acquisitions and construction conversions of new outpatient medical facilities, partially offset by dispositions. The fluctuation in depreciation and amortization is primarily due to acquisitions and variations in amortization of short-lived intangible assets. To the extent that we acquire or dispose of additional properties in the future, these amounts will change accordingly. Changes in the gain/loss on sale of properties are related to the volume and timing of property sales and sales prices. During the three months ended June 30, 2019 we recorded an impairment charge on certain held for sale outpatient medical properties as the carrying values exceeded the estimated fair value less costs to sell.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a summary of the Outpatient Medical construction projects, excluding expansions, pending as of June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands):



Location	Square Feet	Commitment		Balance		Est. Completion
Lowell, MA	50,668	$	8,300	$	3,599	4Q19
Houston, TX	73,500	23,455		12,230		4Q19
Brooklyn, NY	140,955	105,306		72,435		1Q20
Porter, TX	55,000	20,800		8,737		1Q20
Katy, TX	36,500	12,028		170		2Q20
Total	356,623	$	169,889	$	97,171

Total interest expense represents secured debt interest expense. The change in secured debt interest expense is primarily due to the net effect and timing of assumptions, extinguishments and principal amortizations. The fluctuation in losses/gains on debt extinguishment is primarily attributable to the prepayment penalties paid on certain extinguishments in the first quarter of 2018.

The following is a summary of our outpatient medical secured debt principal activity (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018					June 30, 2019					June 30, 2018
				Wtd. Ave					Wtd. Ave					Wtd. Ave					Wtd. Ave
	Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate		Amount			Interest Rate
Beginning balance	$	385,357		4.25	%	$	217,697		4.14	%	$	386,738		4.20	%	$	279,951		4.72	%
Debt extinguished	—			—	%	—			—	%	—			—	%	(61,291		)	7.43	%
Principal payments	(1,507		)	5.02	%	(690		)	5.90	%	(2,888		)	5.06	%	(1,653		)	6.08	%
Ending balance	$	383,850		4.22	%	$	217,007		4.35	%	$	383,850		4.22	%	$	217,007		4.35	%

Monthly averages	$	384,603		4.24	%	$	217,352		4.27	%	$	386,088		4.24	%	$	226,493		4.30	%

A portion of our outpatient medical properties were formed through partnerships. Income or loss from unconsolidated entities represents our share of net income or losses from partnerships where we are the noncontrolling partner. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represents our partners’ share of net income relating to those partnerships where we are the controlling partner.

Non-Segment/Corporate

The following is a summary of our results of operations for the Non-Segment/Corporate activities (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended						Change					Six Months Ended						Change
	June 30,			June 30,								June 30,			June 30,
	2019			2018			$			%		2019			2018			$			%
Revenues:
Other income	$	454		$	498		$	(44	)	-9	%	$	2,611		$	866		$	1,745		202	%
Total revenue	454			498			(44		)	-9	%	2,611			866			1,745			202	%
Expenses:
Interest expense	117,153			98,989			18,164			18	%	237,346			199,711			37,635			19	%
General and administrative expenses	33,741			32,831			910			3	%	69,023			66,536			2,487			4	%
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	—			—			—			n/a		15,719			—			15,719			n/a
Other expenses	4,215			839			3,376			402	%	6,242			3,021			3,221			107	%
	155,109			132,659			22,450			17	%	328,330			269,268			59,062			22	%
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and other items	(154,655		)	(132,161		)	(22,494		)	-17	%	(325,719		)	(268,402		)	(57,317		)	-21	%
Income tax (expense) benefit	(27		)	(158		)	131			83	%	(314		)	(344		)	30			9	%
Loss from continuing operations	(154,682		)	(132,319		)	(22,363		)	-17	%	(326,033		)	(268,746		)	(57,287		)	-21	%
Less: Preferred stock dividends	—			11,676			(11,676		)	-100	%	—			23,352			(23,352		)	-100	%
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(154,682	)	$	(143,995	)	$	(10,687	)	-7	%	$	(326,033	)	$	(292,098	)	$	(33,935	)	-12	%

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a summary of our Non-Segment/Corporate interest expense (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended				Change					Six Months Ended				Change
	June 30,		June 30,							June 30,		June 30,
	2019		2018		$			%		2019		2018		$			%
Senior unsecured notes	$	98,475	$	89,986	$	8,489		9	%	$	207,231	$	183,399	$	23,832		13	%
Secured debt	—		32		(32		)	-100	%	—		70		(70		)	-100	%
Unsecured revolving credit facility and commercial paper note program	15,160		5,768		9,392			163	%	22,678		9,782		12,896			132	%
Loan expense	3,518		3,203		315			10	%	7,437		6,460		977			15	%
Totals	$	117,153	$	98,989	$	18,164		18	%	$	237,346	$	199,711	$	37,635		19	%

The change in interest expense on senior unsecured notes is due to the net effect of issuances and extinguishments, as well as the movement of foreign exchange rates and related hedge activity. Please refer to Note 11 for additional information. The change in interest expense on the unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program is due primarily to the net effect and timing of draws, paydowns and variable interest rate changes. Please refer to Note 10 of our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program. The loss on extinguishment recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2019 is due to the early extinguishment of the $600,000,000 of 4.125% senior unsecured notes due 2019 and the $450,000,000 of 6.125% senior unsecured notes due 2020.

General and administrative expenses as a percentage of consolidated revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were 2.56% and 2.92%, respectively. Other expenses primarily represent severance-related costs associated with the departure of an executive officer and other key employees.

The decrease in preferred dividends is due to the conversion of all outstanding Series I Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Other

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We believe that net income and net income attributable to common stockholders (“NICS”), as defined by U.S. GAAP, are the most appropriate earnings measurements. However, we consider FFO, NOI, SSNOI, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be useful supplemental measures of our operating performance. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets in accordance with U.S. GAAP implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time as evidenced by the provision for depreciation. However, since real estate values have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, many industry investors and analysts have considered presentations of operating results for real estate companies that use historical cost accounting to be insufficient. In response, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) created funds from operations attributable to common stockholders (“FFO”) as a supplemental measure of operating performance for REITs that excludes historical cost depreciation from net income. FFO, as defined by NAREIT, means NICS, computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding gains (or losses) from sales of real estate and impairment of depreciable assets, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated entities and noncontrolling interests.

Consolidated net operating income (“NOI”) is used to evaluate the operating performance of our properties. We define NOI as total revenues, including tenant reimbursements, less property operating expenses. Property operating expenses represent costs associated with managing, maintaining and servicing tenants for our properties. These expenses include, but are not limited to, property-related payroll and benefits, property management fees paid to operators, marketing, housekeeping, food service, maintenance, utilities, property taxes and insurance. General and administrative expenses represent costs unrelated to property operations. These expenses include, but are not limited to, payroll and benefits, professional services, office expenses and depreciation of corporate fixed assets. Same store NOI (“SSNOI”) is used to evaluate the operating performance of our properties using a consistent population which controls for changes in the composition of our portfolio. As used herein, same store is generally defined as those revenue-generating properties in the portfolio for the reporting period subsequent to January 1, 2018. Land parcels, loans, and sub-leases as well as any properties acquired, developed/redeveloped, transitioned, sold or classified as held for sale during that period are excluded from the same store amounts. We believe NOI and SSNOI provide investors relevant and useful information because they measure the operating performance of our properties at the property level on an unleveraged basis. We use NOI and SSNOI to make decisions about resource allocations and to assess the property level performance of our properties.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

EBITDA stands for earnings (net income) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. We believe that EBITDA, along with net income and cash flow provided from operating activities, is an important supplemental measure because it provides additional information to assess and evaluate the performance of our operations. We primarily utilize EBITDA to measure our interest coverage ratio, which represents EBITDA divided by total interest, and our fixed charge coverage ratio, which represents EBITDA divided by fixed charges. Fixed charges include total interest, secured debt principal amortization and preferred dividends. Covenants in our senior unsecured notes contain financial ratios based on a definition of EBITDA that is specific to those agreements. Failure to satisfy these covenants could result in an event of default that could have a material adverse impact on our cost and availability of capital, which could in turn have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, liquidity and/or financial condition. Due to the materiality of these debt agreements and the financial covenants, we have disclosed Adjusted EBITDA, which represents EBITDA as defined above excluding unconsolidated entities and adjusted for items per our covenant. We use Adjusted EBITDA to measure our adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio, which represents Adjusted EBITDA divided by fixed charges on a trailing twelve months basis. Fixed charges include total interest (excluding capitalized interest and non-cash interest expenses), secured debt principal amortization and preferred dividends. Our covenant requires an adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.50 times.

Our supplemental reporting measures and similarly entitled financial measures are widely used by investors, equity and debt analysts and rating agencies in the valuation, comparison, rating and investment recommendations of companies. Management uses these financial measures to facilitate internal and external comparisons to our historical operating results and in making operating decisions. Additionally, these measures are utilized by the Board of Directors to evaluate management. None of our supplemental measures represent net income or cash flow provided from operating activities as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as alternative measures of profitability or liquidity. Finally, the supplemental measures, as defined by us, may not be comparable to similarly entitled items reported by other real estate investment trusts or other companies.



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
NOI Reconciliations:	2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
Net income (loss)	$	453,555		$	167,273		$	84,226		$	124,696		$	292,302		$	150,040
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net	(338,184		)	(10,755		)	(24,723		)	(41,913		)	(167,409		)	1,682
Loss (income) from unconsolidated entities	2,429			(1,249		)	(344		)	(195		)	9,199			9,049
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,588			3,841			1,741			1,504			2,222			1,599
Other expenses	3,712			10,058			88,626			10,502			8,756			21,628
Impairment of assets	28,185			4,632			6,740			76,022			—			9,939
Provision for loan losses	—			—			—			—			18,690			—
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	11,707			299			4,038			53			15,719			—
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	(7,173		)	(7,460		)	8,991			1,626			(2,487		)	1,913
General and administrative expenses	33,705			32,831			28,746			31,101			35,282			33,741
Depreciation and amortization	228,201			236,275			243,149			242,834			243,932			248,052
Interest expense	122,775			121,416			138,032			144,369			145,232			141,336
Consolidated net operating income (NOI)	$	540,500		$	557,161		$	579,222		$	590,599		$	601,438		$	618,979

NOI by segment:
Seniors Housing Operating	$	225,226		$	239,505		$	265,846		$	254,445		$	264,700		$	278,212
Triple-net	222,738			224,284			218,684			234,343			233,286			227,935
Outpatient Medical	92,168			92,874			93,997			101,097			101,295			112,378
Non-segment/corporate	368			498			695			714			2,157			454
Total NOI	$	540,500		$	557,161		$	579,222		$	590,599		$	601,438		$	618,979

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



			Three Months Ended
			March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
SSNOI Reconciliations:			2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
NOI:
Seniors Housing Operating			$	225,226		$	239,505		$	265,846		$	254,445		$	264,700		$	278,212
Triple-net			222,738			224,284			218,684			234,343			233,286			227,935
Outpatient Medical			92,168			92,874			93,997			101,097			101,295			112,378
Total			540,132			556,663			578,527			589,885			599,281			618,525
Adjustments:
Seniors Housing Operating:
Non SSNOI on same store properties			269			358			211			337			1,915			1,384
NOI attributable to non same store properties			(34,665		)	(45,907		)	(73,739		)	(65,131		)	(70,224		)	(88,898		)
Subtotal			(34,396		)	(45,549		)	(73,528		)	(64,794		)	(68,309		)	(87,514		)
Triple-net:
Non SSNOI on same store properties			(10,728		)	(4,068		)	(5,445		)	(6,384		)	(7,593		)	(8,114		)
NOI attributable to non same store properties			(81,455		)	(83,148		)	(79,874		)	(96,535		)	(92,840		)	(87,819		)
Subtotal			(92,183		)	(87,216		)	(85,319		)	(102,919		)	(100,433		)	(95,933		)
Outpatient Medical:
Non SSNOI on same store properties			(1,266		)	(1,397		)	(1,635		)	(5,706		)	(1,563		)	(1,204		)
NOI attributable to non same store properties			(4,674		)	(5,102		)	(5,776		)	(7,779		)	(12,294		)	(24,085		)
Subtotal			(5,940		)	(6,499		)	(7,411		)	(13,485		)	(13,857		)	(25,289		)
SSNOI:	Properties
Seniors Housing Operating	365		190,830			193,956			192,318			189,651			196,391			190,698
Triple-net	388		130,555			137,068			133,365			131,424			132,853			132,002
Outpatient Medical	227		86,228			86,375			86,586			87,612			87,438			87,089
Total	980		$	407,613		$	417,399		$	412,269		$	408,687		$	416,682		$	409,789
SSNOI Property Reconciliation:
Total properties	1,598
Acquisitions	(402	)
Developments	(30	)
Held for sale	(89	)
Transitions/restructurings	(87	)
Other⁽¹⁾	(10	)
Same store properties	980

⁽¹⁾ Includes nine land parcels and one loan.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



	Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
	2018			2019
NOI Reconciliations:
Net income (loss)	$	620,828		$	442,342
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net	(348,939		)	(165,727		)
Loss (income) from unconsolidated entities	1,180			18,248
Income tax expense (benefit)	5,429			3,821
Other expenses	13,770			30,384
Impairment of assets	32,817			9,939
Provision for loan losses	—			18,690
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	12,006			15,719
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	(14,633		)	(574		)
General and administrative expenses	66,536			69,023
Depreciation and amortization	464,476			491,984
Interest expense	244,191			286,568
Consolidated net operating income (NOI)	$	1,097,661		$	1,220,417

NOI by segment:
Seniors Housing Operating	$	464,731		$	542,912
Triple-net	447,022			461,221
Outpatient Medical	185,042			213,673
Non-segment/corporate	866			2,611
Total NOI	$	1,097,661		$	1,220,417



		Six Months Ended
		June 30,			June 30,
SSNOI Reconciliations:		2018			2019
NOI:
Seniors Housing Operating		$	464,731		$	542,912
Triple-net		447,022			461,221
Outpatient Medical		185,042			213,673
Total		1,096,795			1,217,806
Adjustments:
Seniors Housing Operating:
Non SSNOI on same store properties		627			3,299
NOI attributable to non same store properties		(80,572		)	(159,122		)
Subtotal		(79,945		)	(155,823		)
Triple-net:
Non SSNOI on same store properties		(14,796		)	(15,707		)
NOI attributable to non same store properties		(164,603		)	(180,659		)
Subtotal		(179,399		)	(196,366		)
Outpatient Medical:
Non SSNOI on same store properties		(2,663		)	(2,767		)
NOI attributable to non same store properties		(9,776		)	(36,379		)
Subtotal		(12,439		)	(39,146		)
SSNOI:	Properties
Seniors Housing Operating	365	384,786			387,089
Triple-net	388	267,623			264,855
Outpatient Medical	227	172,603			174,527
Total	980	$	825,012		$	826,471

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The table below reflects the reconciliation of FFO to NICS, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for the periods presented. Noncontrolling interest and unconsolidated entity amounts represent adjustments to reflect our share of depreciation and amortization. Amounts are in thousands except for per share data.



	Three Months Ended
		March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
FFO Reconciliations:		2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
Net income attributable to common stockholders		$	437,671		$	154,432		$	64,384		$	101,763		$	280,470		$	137,762
Depreciation and amortization		228,201			236,275			243,149			242,834			243,932			248,052
Impairment of assets		28,185			4,632			6,740			76,022			—			9,939
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net		(338,184		)	(10,755		)	(24,723		)	(41,913		)	(167,409		)	1,682
Noncontrolling interests		(16,353		)	(17,692		)	(17,498		)	(17,650		)	(17,760		)	(18,889		)
Unconsolidated entities		13,700			11,833			13,220			13,910			19,150			11,475
FFO		$	353,220		$	378,725		$	285,272		$	374,966		$	358,383		$	390,021

Average common shares outstanding:
Basic		371,426			371,640			373,023			378,240			391,474			404,607
Diluted		373,257			373,075			374,487			380,002			393,452			406,673

Per share data:
Net income attributable to common stockholders:
Basic		$	1.18		$	0.42		$	0.17		$	0.27		$	0.72		$	0.34
Diluted		1.17			0.41			0.17			0.27			0.71			0.34

FFO
Basic		$	0.95		$	1.02		$	0.76		$	0.99		$	0.92		$	0.96
Diluted		0.95			1.02			0.76			0.99			0.91			0.96



	Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
FFO Reconciliations:	2018			2019
NICS	$	592,103		$	418,232
Depreciation and amortization	464,476			491,984
Impairment of assets	32,817			9,939
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net	(348,939		)	(165,727		)
Noncontrolling interests	(34,045		)	(36,649		)
Unconsolidated entities	25,533			30,625
FFO	$	731,945		$	748,404

Average common shares outstanding:
Basic	371,552			398,073
Diluted	373,186			400,096

Per share data:
NICS
Basic	$	1.59		$	1.05
Diluted	1.59			1.05

FFO
Basic	$	1.97		$	1.88
Diluted	1.96			1.87

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The table below reflects the reconciliation of EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for the periods presented. Dollars are in thousands.



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
EBITDA Reconciliations:	2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
Net income (loss)	$	453,555		$	167,273		$	84,226		$	124,696		$	292,302		$	150,040
Interest expense	122,775			121,416			138,032			144,369			145,232			141,336
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,588			3,841			1,741			1,504			2,222			1,599
Depreciation and amortization	228,201			236,275			243,149			242,834			243,932			248,052
EBITDA	$	806,119		$	528,805		$	467,148		$	513,403		$	683,688		$	541,027

Interest Coverage Ratio:
Interest expense	$	122,775		$	121,416		$	138,032		$	144,369		$	145,232		$	141,336
Non-cash interest expense	(4,179		)	(1,716		)	(1,658		)	(3,307		)	(5,171		)	(752		)
Capitalized interest	2,336			2,100			1,921			1,548			2,327			3,929
Total interest	120,932			121,800			138,295			142,610			142,388			144,513
EBITDA	$	806,119		$	528,805		$	467,148		$	513,403		$	683,688		$	541,027
Interest coverage ratio	6.67		x	4.34		x	3.38		x	3.60		x	4.80		x	3.74		x

Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:
Total interest	$	120,932		$	121,800		$	138,295		$	142,610		$	142,388		$	144,513
Secured debt principal payments	14,247			14,139			13,908			13,994			13,543			13,684
Preferred dividends	11,676			11,676			11,676			11,676			—			—
Total fixed charges	146,855			147,615			163,879			168,280			155,931			158,197
EBITDA	$	806,119		$	528,805		$	467,148		$	513,403		$	683,688		$	541,027
Fixed charge coverage ratio	5.49		x	3.58		x	2.85		x	3.05		x	4.38		x	3.42		x



	Six Months Ended
	June 30,			June 30,
EBITDA Reconciliations:	2018			2019
Net income (loss)	$	620,828		$	442,342
Interest expense	244,191			286,568
Income tax expense (benefit)	5,429			3,821
Depreciation and amortization	464,476			491,984
EBITDA	$	1,334,924		$	1,224,715

Interest Coverage Ratio:
Interest expense	$	244,191		$	286,568
Non-cash interest expense	(5,895		)	(5,923		)
Capitalized interest	4,436			6,256
Total interest	242,732			286,901
EBITDA	$	1,334,924		$	1,224,715
Interest coverage ratio	5.50		x	4.27		x

Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:
Total interest	$	242,732		$	286,901
Secured debt principal payments	28,385			27,227
Preferred dividends	23,352			—
Total fixed charges	294,469			314,128
EBITDA	$	1,334,924		$	1,224,715
Fixed charge coverage ratio	4.53		x	3.90		x

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The table below reflects the reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for the periods presented. Dollars are in thousands.



	Twelve Months Ended
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliations:	2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
Net income	$	656,551		$	620,384		$	615,311		$	829,750		$	668,497		$	651,264
Interest expense	488,800			493,986			509,440			526,592			549,049			568,969
Income tax expense (benefit)	19,471			31,761			32,833			8,674			9,308			7,066
Depreciation and amortization	921,645			933,072			946,083			950,459			966,190			977,967
EBITDA	2,086,467			2,079,203			2,103,667			2,315,475			2,193,044			2,205,266
Loss (income) from unconsolidated entities	62,448			57,221			60,285			641			7,411			17,709
Stock-based compensation expense⁽¹⁾	25,753			26,158			25,443			27,646			23,618			26,113
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt, net	17,593			12,377			16,415			16,097			20,109			19,810
Loss (gain) on real estate dispositions, net	(438,342		)	(406,942		)	(430,043		)	(415,575		)	(244,800		)	(232,363		)
Impairment of assets	141,637			132,638			139,378			115,579			87,394			92,701
Provision for loan losses	62,966			62,966			62,966			—			18,690			18,690
Loss (gain) on derivatives and financial instruments, net	(6,113		)	(14,309		)	(5,642		)	(4,016		)	670			10,043
Other expenses⁽¹⁾	167,524			171,243			161,655			111,990			117,942			126,994
Additional other income	—			(10,805		)	(10,805		)	(14,832		)	(14,832		)	(4,027		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	2,119,933		$	2,109,750		$	2,123,319		$	2,153,005		$	2,209,246		$	2,280,936

Adjusted Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:
Interest expense	$	488,800		$	493,986		$	509,440		$	526,592		$	549,049		$	568,969
Capitalized interest	11,696			10,437			9,813			7,905			7,896			9,725
Non-cash interest expense	(12,858		)	(11,628		)	(10,087		)	(10,860		)	(11,852		)	(10,888		)
Total interest	487,638			492,795			509,166			523,637			545,093			567,806
Adjusted EBITDA	$	2,119,933		$	2,109,750		$	2,123,319		$	2,153,005		$	2,209,246		$	2,280,936
Adjusted interest coverage ratio	4.35		x	4.28		x	4.17		x	4.11		x	4.05		x	4.02		x

Total interest	$	487,638		$	492,795		$	509,166		$	523,637		$	545,093		$	567,806
Secured debt principal payments	62,077			60,258			58,866			56,288			55,584			55,129
Preferred dividends	46,707			46,704			46,704			46,704			35,028			23,352
Total fixed charges	596,422			599,757			614,736			626,629			635,705			646,287
Adjusted EBITDA	$	2,119,933		$	2,109,750		$	2,123,319		$	2,153,005		$	2,209,246		$	2,280,936
Adjusted fixed charge coverage ratio	3.55		x	3.52		x	3.45		x	3.44		x	3.48		x	3.53		x

⁽¹⁾ Certain severance-related costs are included in stock-based compensation and excluded from other expenses.

Our leverage ratios include book capitalization, undepreciated book capitalization and market capitalization. Book capitalization represents the sum of net debt (defined as total long-term debt less cash and cash equivalents and any IRC Section 1031 deposits), total equity and redeemable noncontrolling interests. Undepreciated book capitalization represents book capitalization adjusted for accumulated depreciation and amortization. Market capitalization represents book capitalization adjusted for the fair market value of our common stock. Our leverage ratios are defined as the proportion of net debt to total capitalization. The table below reflects the reconciliation of our leverage ratios to our balance sheets for the periods presented. Amounts are in thousands, except share price.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations



	As of
	March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,			June 30,
	2018			2018			2018			2018			2019			2019
Book capitalization:
Unsecured credit facility and commercial paper	$	865,000		$	540,000		$	1,312,000		$	1,147,000		$	419,293		$	1,869,188
Long-term debt obligations⁽¹⁾	10,484,840			10,895,559			12,192,060			12,150,144			12,371,729			13,390,344
Cash & cash equivalents⁽²⁾	(202,824		)	(215,120		)	(191,199		)	(215,376		)	(249,127		)	(268,666		)
Total net debt	11,147,016			11,220,439			13,312,861			13,081,768			12,541,895			14,990,866
Total equity and noncontrolling interests⁽³⁾	15,448,201			15,198,644			15,670,065			16,010,645			16,498,376			16,452,806
Book capitalization	$	26,595,217		$	26,419,083		$	28,982,926		$	29,092,413		$	29,040,271		$	31,443,672
Net debt to book capitalization ratio	42		%	42		%	46		%	45		%	43		%	48		%

Undepreciated book capitalization:
Total net debt	$	11,147,016		$	11,220,439		$	13,312,861		$	13,081,768		$	12,541,895		$	14,990,866
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	4,990,780			5,113,928			5,394,274			5,499,958			5,670,111			5,539,435
Total equity and noncontrolling interests⁽³⁾	15,448,201			15,198,644			15,670,065			16,010,645			16,498,376			16,452,806
Undepreciated book capitalization	$	31,585,997		$	31,533,011		$	34,377,200		$	34,592,371		$	34,710,382		$	36,983,107
Net debt to undepreciated book capitalization ratio	35		%	36		%	39		%	38		%	36		%	41		%

Market capitalization:
Common shares outstanding	371,971			372,030			375,577			383,675			403,740			405,254
Period end share price	$	54.43		$	62.69		$	64.32		$	69.41		$	77.60		$	81.53
Common equity market capitalization	$	20,246,382		$	23,322,561		$	24,157,113		$	26,630,882		$	31,330,224		$	33,040,359
Total net debt	11,147,016			11,220,439			13,312,861			13,081,768			12,541,895			14,990,866
Noncontrolling interests⁽³⁾	889,766			856,721			1,362,380			1,378,311			1,419,885			1,458,351
Preferred stock	718,498			718,498			718,498			718,498			—			—
Enterprise value	$	33,001,662		$	36,118,219		$	39,550,852		$	41,809,459		$	45,292,004		$	49,489,576
Net debt to market capitalization ratio	34		%	31		%	34		%	31		%	28		%	30		%

⁽¹⁾ Amounts include senior unsecured notes, secured debt and lease liabilities related to financing leases, as reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Operating lease liabilities related to the ASC 842 adoption are excluded.
⁽²⁾ Inclusive of IRC Section 1031 deposits, if any.
⁽³⁾ Includes all noncontrolling interests (redeemable and permanent) as reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions. Management considers an accounting estimate or assumption critical if:


•	the nature of the estimates or assumptions is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change; and


•	the impact of the estimates and assumptions on financial condition or operating performance is material.

Management has discussed the development and selection of its critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. Management believes the current assumptions and other considerations used to estimate amounts reflected in our unaudited consolidated financial statements are appropriate and are not reasonably likely to change in the future. However, since these estimates require assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made, they bear the risk of change. If actual experience differs from the assumptions and other considerations used in estimating amounts reflected in our unaudited consolidated financial statements, the resulting changes could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, liquidity and/or financial condition. Please refer to Note 2 to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for further information regarding significant accounting policies that impact us. There have been no material changes to these policies in 2019.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain “forward-looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When the Company uses words such as “may,” “will,” “intend,” “should,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “estimate” or similar expressions that do not relate solely to historical matters, it is making forward-looking statements. In particular, these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those relating to the Company’s opportunities to acquire, develop or sell properties; the Company’s ability to close its anticipated acquisitions, investments or dispositions on currently anticipated terms or within currently anticipated timeframes; the expected performance of the Company’s operators/tenants and properties; the Company’s expected occupancy rates; the Company’s ability to declare and to make distributions to shareholders; the Company’s investment and financing opportunities and plans; the Company’s continued qualification as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”); the Company’s ability to access capital markets or other sources of funds; and the Company’s ability to meet its earnings guidance. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties that may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from the Company’s expectations discussed in the forward-looking statements. This may be a result of various factors, including, but not limited to: the status of the economy; the status of capital markets, including availability and cost of capital; uncertainty from the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to any other interest rate benchmark; issues facing the health care industry, including compliance with, and changes to, regulations and payment policies, responding to government investigations and punitive settlements and operators’/tenants’ difficulty in cost-effectively obtaining and maintaining adequate liability and other insurance; changes in financing terms; competition within the health care and seniors housing industries; negative developments in the operating results or financial condition of operators/tenants, including, but not limited to, their ability to pay rent and repay loans; the Company’s ability to transition or sell properties with profitable results; the failure to make new investments or acquisitions as and when anticipated; natural disasters and other acts of God affecting the Company’s properties; the Company’s ability to re-lease space at similar rates as vacancies occur; the Company’s ability to timely reinvest sale proceeds at similar rates to assets sold; operator/tenant or joint venture partner bankruptcies or insolvencies; the cooperation of joint venture partners; government regulations affecting Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rates and operational requirements; liability or contract claims by or against operators/tenants; unanticipated difficulties and/or expenditures relating to future investments or acquisitions; environmental laws affecting the Company’s properties; changes in rules or practices governing the Company’s financial reporting; the movement of U.S. and foreign currency exchange rates; the Company’s ability to maintain its qualification as a REIT; and key management personnel recruitment and retention. Other important factors are identified in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, including factors identified under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Finally, the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in any forward-looking statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to various market risks, including the potential loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We seek to mitigate the underlying foreign currency exposures with gains and losses on derivative contracts hedging these exposures. We seek to mitigate the effects of fluctuations in interest rates by matching the terms of new investments with new long-term fixed rate borrowings to the extent possible. We may or may not elect to use financial derivative instruments to hedge interest rate exposure. These decisions are principally based on our policy to match our variable rate investments with comparable borrowings, but are also based on the general trend in interest rates at the applicable dates and our perception of the future volatility of interest rates. This section is presented to provide a discussion of the risks associated with potential fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.

We historically borrow on our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program to acquire, construct or make loans relating to health care and seniors housing properties. Then, as market conditions dictate, we will issue equity or long-term fixed rate debt to repay the borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program. We are subject to risks associated with debt financing, including the risk that existing indebtedness may not be refinanced or that the terms of refinancing may not be as favorable as the terms of current indebtedness. The majority of our borrowings were completed under indentures or contractual agreements that limit the amount of indebtedness we may incur. Accordingly, in the event that we are unable to raise additional equity or borrow money because of these limitations, our ability to acquire additional properties may be limited.

A change in interest rates will not affect the interest expense associated with our fixed rate debt. Interest rate changes, however, will affect the fair value of our fixed rate debt. Changes in the interest rate environment upon maturity of this fixed rate debt could have an effect on our future cash flows and earnings, depending on whether the debt is replaced with other fixed rate debt, variable rate debt or equity or repaid by the sale of assets. To illustrate the impact of changes in the interest rate markets, we performed a sensitivity analysis on our fixed rate debt instruments whereby we modeled the change in net present values arising from a hypothetical 1% increase in interest rates to determine the instruments’ change in fair value. The following table summarizes the analysis performed as of the dates indicated (in thousands):



	June 30, 2019					December 31, 2018
	Principal		Change in			Principal		Change in
	balance		fair value			balance		fair value
Senior unsecured notes	$	9,013,085	$	(635,567	)	$	9,009,159	$	(548,558	)
Secured debt	1,536,274		(60,281		)	1,639,983		(59,522		)
Totals	$	10,549,359	$	(695,848	)	$	10,649,142	$	(608,080	)

Our variable rate debt, including our unsecured revolving credit facility and Commercial Paper Program, is reflected at fair value. At June 30, 2019, we had $4,722,179,000 outstanding related to our variable rate debt. Assuming no changes in outstanding balances, a 1% increase in interest rates would result in increased annual interest expense of $47,222,000. At December 31, 2018, we had $2,683,553,000 outstanding under our variable rate debt. Assuming no changes in outstanding balances, a 1% increase in interest rates would have resulted in increased annual interest expense of $26,836,000.

We are subject to currency fluctuations that may, from time to time, affect our financial condition and results of operations. Increases or decreases in the value of the Canadian Dollar or Pounds Sterling relative to the U.S. Dollar impact the amount of net income we earn from our investments in Canada and the United Kingdom. Based solely on our results for the three months ended June 30, 2019, including the impact of existing hedging arrangements, if these exchange rates were to increase or decrease by 10%, our net income from these investments would increase or decrease, as applicable, by less than $12,000,000. We will continue to mitigate these underlying foreign currency exposures with non-U.S. denominated borrowings and gains and losses on derivative contracts. If we increase our international presence through investments in, or acquisitions or development of, seniors housing and health care properties outside the U.S., we may also decide to transact additional business or borrow funds in currencies other than U.S. Dollars, Canadian Dollars or Pounds Sterling. To illustrate the impact of changes in foreign currency markets, we performed a sensitivity analysis on our derivative portfolio whereby we modeled the change in net present values arising from a hypothetical 1% increase in foreign currency exchange rates to determine the instruments’ change in fair value. The following table summarizes the results of the analysis performed (dollars in thousands):



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying		Change in		Carrying		Change in
	Value		fair value		Value		fair value
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	59,041	$	12,683	$	23,620	$	16,163
Debt designated as hedges	1,524,891		15,249		1,559,159		15,592
Totals	$	1,583,932	$	27,932	$	1,582,779	$	31,755

For additional information regarding fair values of financial instruments, see “Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies” and Notes 12 and 17 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file with or submit to the SEC under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, there are various legal proceedings pending against us that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Management does not believe that the resolution of any of these legal proceedings either individually or in the aggregate will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Further, from time to time, we are party to certain legal proceedings for which third parties, such as tenants, operators and/or managers are contractually obligated to indemnify, defend and hold us harmless. In some of these matters, the indemnitors have insurance for the potential damages. In other matters, we are being defended by tenants and other obligated third parties and these indemnitors may not have sufficient insurance, assets, income or resources to satisfy their defense and indemnification obligations to us. The unfavorable resolution of such legal

WELLTOWER INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

proceedings could, individually or in the aggregate, materially adversely affect the indemnitors’ ability to satisfy their respective obligations to us, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. It is management’s opinion that there are currently no such legal proceedings pending that will, individually or in the aggregate, have such a material adverse effect. Despite management’s view of the ultimate resolution of these legal proceedings, we may have significant legal expenses and costs associated with the defense of such matters. Further, management cannot predict the outcome of these legal proceedings and if management’s expectation regarding such matters is not correct, such proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors identified under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds



Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs⁽²⁾	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 1, 2019 through April 30, 2019	282	$	74.10
May 1, 2019 through May 31, 2019	—	—
June 1, 2019 through June 30, 2019	—	—
Totals	282	$	74.10

⁽¹⁾ During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the company acquired shares of common stock held by employees who tendered owned shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations.
⁽²⁾ No shares were purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits



3.1		Seventh Amended and Restated By-laws of Welltower Inc., (filed with the Commission as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed May 6, 2019 (File No. 001-08923), and incorporated herein by reference thereto).
10.1		Resignation Agreement, dated July 1, 2019, by and between Mercedes T. Kerr and Welltower Inc. *
10.2		Summary of Director Compensation *
31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32.1		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
32.2		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by Chief Financial Officer.
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document. The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104		The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, formatted in Inline XBRL

*		Management contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



		WELLTOWER INC.
Date:	August 1, 2019	By:	/s/ THOMAS J. DEROSA
		Thomas J. DeRosa,
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)


Date:	August 1, 2019	By:	/s/ JOHN A. GOODEY
		John A. Goodey,
		Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)


Date:	August 1, 2019	By:	/s/ JOSHUA T. FIEWEGER
		Joshua T. Fieweger,
		Senior Vice President & Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)