Whiting Holdings LLC - Quarter Report: 2012 June (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X]
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2012
or
[ ]
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from _______________ to _______________
Commission file number: 001-31899
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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20-0098515
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(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
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1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado
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80290-2300
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip code)
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(303) 837-1661
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(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes T No £
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes T No £
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerT
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Accelerated filer £
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Non-accelerated filer£
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Smaller reporting company £
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes£ No T
Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding at July 16, 2012: 117,631,451 shares.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
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Certification by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Certification by the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
Written Statement of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Written Statement of the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
GLOSSARY OF CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our” or “ours” when used in this report refer to Whiting Petroleum Corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries. When the context requires, we refer to these entities separately.
We have included below the definitions for certain terms used in this report:
“Bbl” One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in this report in reference to oil and other liquid hydrocarbons.
“Bcf” One billion cubic feet of natural gas.
“BOE” One stock tank barrel equivalent of oil, calculated by converting natural gas volumes to equivalent oil barrels at a ratio of six Mcf to one Bbl of oil.
“EBITDAX” Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization and exploration expense.
“FASB” Financial Accounting Standards Board.
“FASB ASC” The Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification.
“GAAP” Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
“MBbl” One thousand barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
“MBOE” One thousand BOE.
“MBOE/d” One MBOE per day.
“Mcf” One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
“MMBbl” One million Bbl.
“MMBOE” One million BOE.
“MMBtu” One million British Thermal Units.
“MMcf” One million cubic feet of natural gas.
“MMcf/d” One MMcf per day.
“plugging and abandonment” Refers to the sealing off of fluids in the strata penetrated by a well so that the fluids from one stratum will not escape into another or to the surface. Regulations of many states require plugging of abandoned wells.
“proved reserves” Those reserves which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible—from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations—prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract the hydrocarbons must have commenced, or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project, within a reasonable time.
The area of the reservoir considered as proved includes all of the following:
a.
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The area identified by drilling and limited by fluid contacts, if any, and
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b.
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Adjacent undrilled portions of the reservoir that can, with reasonable certainty, be judged to be continuous with it and to contain economically producible oil or gas on the basis of available geoscience and engineering data.
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Reserves that can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (including, but not limited to, fluid injection) are included in the proved classification when both of the following occur:
a.
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Successful testing by a pilot project in an area of the reservoir with properties no more favorable than in the reservoir as a whole, the operation of an installed program in the reservoir or an analogous reservoir, or other evidence using reliable technology establishes the reasonable certainty of the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based, and
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b.
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The project has been approved for development by all necessary parties and entities, including governmental entities.
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Existing economic conditions include prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. The price shall be the average price during the 12-month period before the ending date of the period covered by the report, determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements, excluding escalations based upon future conditions.
“working interest” The interest in a crude oil and natural gas property (normally a leasehold interest) that gives the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct operations on the property and a share of production, subject to all royalties, overriding royalties and other burdens and to all costs of exploration, development and operations and all risks in connection therewith.
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
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Consolidated Financial Statements
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
June 30,
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December 31,
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2012
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2011
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ASSETS
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Current assets:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$ | 6,807 | $ | 15,811 | ||||
Accounts receivable trade, net
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293,672 | 262,515 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other
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23,220 | 20,377 | ||||||
Total current assets
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323,699 | 298,703 | ||||||
Property and equipment:
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Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method:
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Proved properties
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7,765,534 | 7,221,550 | ||||||
Unproved properties
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382,495 | 354,774 | ||||||
Other property and equipment
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155,482 | 150,933 | ||||||
Total property and equipment
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8,303,511 | 7,727,257 | ||||||
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
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(2,238,740 | ) | (2,088,517 | ) | ||||
Total property and equipment, net
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6,064,771 | 5,638,740 | ||||||
Debt issuance costs
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29,735 | 33,306 | ||||||
Other long-term assets
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92,379 | 74,860 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS
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$ | 6,510,584 | $ | 6,045,609 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
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Current liabilities:
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Accounts payable trade
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$ | 102,004 | $ | 56,673 | ||||
Accrued capital expenditures
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109,635 | 142,827 | ||||||
Accrued liabilities and other
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146,012 | 157,214 | ||||||
Revenues and royalties payable
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116,410 | 103,894 | ||||||
Taxes payable
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35,099 | 31,195 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities
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23,364 | 73,647 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes
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11,140 | 1,584 | ||||||
Total current liabilities
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543,664 | 567,034 | ||||||
Long-term debt
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1,420,000 | 1,380,000 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes
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960,284 | 823,643 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities
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17,085 | 47,763 | ||||||
Production Participation Plan liability
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80,641 | 80,659 | ||||||
Asset retirement obligations
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55,184 | 61,984 | ||||||
Deferred gain on sale
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126,932 | 29,619 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities
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26,973 | 25,776 | ||||||
Total liabilities
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3,230,763 | 3,016,478 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies
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Equity:
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Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; 6.25% convertible perpetual preferred stock, 172,391 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, aggregate liquidation preference of $17,239,100 at June 30, 2012
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- | - | ||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized; 118,584,788 issued and 117,631,451 outstanding as of June 30, 2012, 118,105,279 issued and 117,380,884 outstanding as of December 31, 2011
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119 | 118 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital
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1,557,345 | 1,554,223 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
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(951 | ) | 240 | |||||
Retained earnings
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1,715,089 | 1,466,276 | ||||||
Total Whiting shareholders’ equity
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3,271,602 | 3,020,857 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest
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8,219 | 8,274 | ||||||
Total equity
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3,279,821 | 3,029,131 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
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$ | 6,510,584 | $ | 6,045,609 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
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Six Months Ended
June 30,
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2012
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2011
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2012
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2011
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REVENUES AND OTHER INCOME:
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Oil and natural gas sales
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$ | 492,756 | $ | 473,865 | $ | 1,051,453 | $ | 899,548 | ||||||||
Gain on hedging activities
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759 | 2,391 | 1,886 | 5,454 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on sale
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8,892 | 3,570 | 12,645 | 6,937 | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on sale of properties
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(362 | ) | 1,227 | (362 | ) | 1,227 | ||||||||||
Interest income and other
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129 | 153 | 258 | 261 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues and other income
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502,174 | 481,206 | 1,065,880 | 913,427 | ||||||||||||
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
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Lease operating
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89,504 | 73,785 | 184,294 | 145,307 | ||||||||||||
Production taxes
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40,763 | 34,258 | 85,374 | 65,902 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
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160,589 | 110,250 | 316,709 | 217,978 | ||||||||||||
Exploration and impairment
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27,902 | 20,171 | 55,480 | 42,408 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative
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25,209 | 20,913 | 59,577 | 39,326 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense
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17,905 | 15,279 | 36,361 | 29,737 | ||||||||||||
Change in Production Participation Plan liability
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(953 | ) | 2,650 | (18 | ) | 2,207 | ||||||||||
Commodity derivative (gain) loss, net
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(100,025 | ) | (113,618 | ) | (70,622 | ) | 20,820 | |||||||||
Total costs and expenses
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260,894 | 163,688 | 667,155 | 563,685 | ||||||||||||
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
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241,280 | 317,518 | 398,725 | 349,742 | ||||||||||||
INCOME TAX EXPENSE:
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Current
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1,109 | 1,565 | 2,535 | 3,615 | ||||||||||||
Deferred
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89,320 | 112,804 | 146,893 | 123,564 | ||||||||||||
Total income tax expense
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90,429 | 114,369 | 149,428 | 127,179 | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME
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150,851 | 203,149 | 249,297 | 222,563 | ||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
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31 | - | 55 | - | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS
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150,882 | 203,149 | 249,352 | 222,563 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends
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(270 | ) | (269 | ) | (539 | ) | (539 | ) | ||||||||
NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
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$ | 150,612 | $ | 202,880 | $ | 248,813 | $ | 222,024 | ||||||||
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
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Basic
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$ | 1.28 | $ | 1.73 | $ | 2.12 | $ | 1.89 | ||||||||
Diluted
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$ | 1.27 | $ | 1.71 | $ | 2.10 | $ | 1.87 | ||||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
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Basic
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117,622 | 117,373 | 117,569 | 117,308 | ||||||||||||
Diluted
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118,853 | 118,659 | 118,889 | 118,707 | ||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
June 30,
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Six Months Ended
June 30,
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2012
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2011
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2012
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2011
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NET INCOME
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$ | 150,851 | $ | 203,149 | $ | 249,297 | $ | 222,563 | ||||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX:
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OCI amortization on de-designated hedges(1)
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(479 | ) | (1,509 | ) | (1,191 | ) | (3,443 | ) | ||||||||
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
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(479 | ) | (1,509 | ) | (1,191 | ) | (3,443 | ) | ||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
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150,372 | 201,640 | 248,106 | 219,120 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
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31 | - | 55 | - | ||||||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WHITING
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$ | 150,403 | $ | 201,640 | $ | 248,161 | $ | 219,120 |
(1) |
Presented net of income tax expense of $280 and $882 for the three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $695 and $2,011 for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
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See notes to consolidated financial statements. |
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Six Months Ended
June 30,
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2012
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2011
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CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
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Net income
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$ | 249,297 | $ | 222,563 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
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Depreciation, depletion and amortization
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316,709 | 217,978 | ||||||
Deferred income tax expense
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146,893 | 123,564 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount
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4,691 | 4,241 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation
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8,818 | 6,627 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred gain on sale
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(12,645 | ) | (6,937 | ) | ||||
(Gain) loss on sale of properties
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362 | (1,227 | ) | |||||
Undeveloped leasehold and oil and gas property impairments
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32,226 | 15,442 | ||||||
Exploratory dry hole costs
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255 | 4,297 | ||||||
Change in Production Participation Plan liability
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(18 | ) | 2,207 | |||||
Unrealized gain on derivative contracts
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(93,370 | ) | (8,570 | ) | ||||
Other non-current
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(13,248 | ) | (4,955 | ) | ||||
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
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Accounts receivable trade
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(31,157 | ) | (12,224 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other
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(1,624 | ) | (5,862 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable trade and accrued liabilities
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11,576 | 11,860 | ||||||
Revenues and royalties payable
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12,516 | 18,311 | ||||||
Taxes payable
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3,904 | 903 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities
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635,185 | 588,218 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
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Cash acquisition capital expenditures
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(89,858 | ) | (163,341 | ) | ||||
Drilling and development capital expenditures
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(979,522 | ) | (660,006 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of oil and gas properties
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68,423 | 1,734 | ||||||
Issuance of note receivable
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- | (25,000 | ) | |||||
Net proceeds from sale of 18,400,000 units in Whiting USA Trust II
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323,022 | - | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities
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(677,935 | ) | (846,613 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
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Contributions from noncontrolling interest
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- | 2,500 | ||||||
Preferred stock dividends paid
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(539 | ) | (539 | ) | ||||
Long-term borrowings under credit agreement
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1,150,000 | 910,000 | ||||||
Repayments of long-term borrowings under credit agreement
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(1,110,000 | ) | (650,000 | ) | ||||
Debt issuance costs
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(20 | ) | (2,381 | ) | ||||
Restricted stock used for tax withholdings
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(5,695 | ) | (9,048 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
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33,746 | 250,532 | ||||||
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
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(9,004 | ) | (7,863 | ) | ||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:
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Beginning of period
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15,811 | 18,952 | ||||||
End of period
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$ | 6,807 | $ | 11,089 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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(Continued)
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Six Months Ended
June 30,
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2012
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2011
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NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
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Accrued capital expenditures
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$ | 109,635 | $ | 96,005 | ||||
NONCASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
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Contributions from noncontrolling interest
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$ | - | $ | 5,833 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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(Concluded)
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Preferred Stock
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Common Stock
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Additional Paid-
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive | Retained | Total Whiting Shareholders’ | Noncontrolling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares
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Amount
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Shares
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Amount
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in Capital
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Income (Loss)
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Earnings
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Equity
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Interest
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Total Equity
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BALANCES-January 1, 2011
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173 | $ | - | 117,968 | $ | 59 | $ | 1,549,822 | $ | 5,768 | $ | 975,666 | $ | 2,531,315 | $ | - | $ | 2,531,315 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income
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- | - | - | - | - | - | 222,563 | 222,563 | - | 222,563 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income
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- | - | - | - | - | (3,443 | ) | - | (3,443 | ) | - | (3,443 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of preferred stock to common
|
(1 | ) | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Two-for-one stock split
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- | - | - | 59 | (59 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contributions from noncontrolling interest
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- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8,333 | 8,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock issued
|
- | - | 304 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock forfeited
|
- | - | (12 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock used for tax withholdings
|
- | - | (148 | ) | - | (9,048 | ) | - | - | (9,048 | ) | - | (9,048 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation
|
- | - | - | - | 6,627 | - | - | 6,627 | - | 6,627 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred dividends paid
|
- | - | - | - | - | - | (539 | ) | (539 | ) | - | (539 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCES-June 30, 2011
|
172 | $ | - | 118,113 | $ | 118 | $ | 1,547,342 | $ | 2,325 | $ | 1,197,690 | $ | 2,747,475 | $ | 8,333 | $ | 2,755,808 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCES-January 1, 2012
|
172 | $ | - | 118,105 | $ | 118 | $ | 1,554,223 | $ | 240 | $ | 1,466,276 | $ | 3,020,857 | $ | 8,274 | $ | 3,029,131 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income
|
- | - | - | - | - | - | 249,352 | 249,352 | (55 | ) | 249,297 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income
|
- | - | - | - | - | (1,191 | ) | - | (1,191 | ) | - | (1,191 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock issued
|
- | - | 592 | 1 | (1 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock forfeited
|
- | - | (6 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock used for tax withholdings
|
- | - | (106 | ) | - | (5,695 | ) | - | - | (5,695 | ) | - | (5,695 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation
|
- | - | - | - | 8,818 | - | - | 8,818 | - | 8,818 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred dividends paid
|
- | - | - | - | - | - | (539 | ) | (539 | ) | - | (539 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCES-June 30, 2012
|
172 | $ | - | 118,585 | $ | 119 | $ | 1,557,345 | $ | (951 | ) | $ | 1,715,089 | $ | 3,271,602 | $ | 8,219 | $ | 3,279,821 | |||||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
1.
|
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
|
Description of Operations—Whiting Petroleum Corporation, a Delaware corporation, is an independent oil and gas company that explores for, develops, acquires and produces crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids primarily in the Rocky Mountains, Permian Basin, Mid-Continent, Michigan and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. Unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, all references in these notes to “Whiting” or the “Company” are to Whiting Petroleum Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Consolidated Financial Statements—The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Whiting Petroleum Corporation, its consolidated subsidiaries and Whiting’s pro rata share of the accounts of Whiting USA Trust I (“Trust I”) pursuant to Whiting’s 15.8% ownership interest. Investments in entities which give Whiting significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using the equity method. Under the equity method, investments are stated at cost plus the Company’s equity in undistributed earnings and losses. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s interim results. However, operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Whiting’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain definitions and a summary of significant accounting policies and should be read in conjunction with this Form 10-Q. Except as disclosed herein, there have been no material changes to the information disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Whiting’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Earnings Per Share—Basic earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing adjusted net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding, which includes the effect of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities for the diluted earnings per share calculations consist of unvested restricted stock awards and outstanding stock options using the treasury method, as well as convertible perpetual preferred stock using the if-converted method. In the computation of diluted earnings per share, excess tax benefits that would be created upon the assumed vesting of unvested restricted shares or the assumed exercise of stock options (i.e. hypothetical excess tax benefits) are included in the assumed proceeds component of the treasury share method to the extent that such excess tax benefits are more likely than not to be realized. When a loss from continuing operations exists, all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive and are therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.
2.
|
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
|
2012 Acquisitions
On March 22, 2012, the Company completed the acquisition of approximately 13,300 net undeveloped acres in the Missouri Breaks prospect in Richland County, Montana for $33.3 million.
2012 Divestitures
On May 18, 2012, the Company sold a 50% ownership interest in its Belfield gas processing plant, natural gas gathering system, oil gathering system and related facilities located in Stark County, North Dakota for total cash proceeds of $66.2 million. Whiting used the net proceeds from the sale to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under its credit agreement.
On March 28, 2012, the Company completed an initial public offering of units of beneficial interest in Whiting USA Trust II (“Trust II”), selling 18,400,000 Trust II units at $20.00 per unit, which generated net proceeds of $323.0 million after underwriters’ fees, offering expenses and post-close adjustments. The Company used the net offering proceeds to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under its credit agreement. The net proceeds from the sale of Trust II units to the public resulted in a deferred gain on sale of $129.5 million. Immediately prior to the closing of the offering, Whiting conveyed a term net profits interest in certain of its oil and gas properties to Trust II in exchange for 18,400,000 trust units.
The net profits interest entitles Trust II to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas production from the underlying properties. The net profits interest will terminate on the later to occur of (1) December 31, 2021, or (2) the time when 11.79 MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold. This is the equivalent of 10.61 MMBOE in respect of Trust II’s right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest. The conveyance of the net profits interest to Trust II consisted entirely of proved reserves of 10.61 MMBOE as of the January 1, 2012 effective date, representing 3% of Whiting’s proved reserves as of December 31, 2011 and 5% (or 4.5 MBOE/d) of its March 2012 average daily net production.
2011 Acquisitions
On July 28, 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of approximately 23,400 net acres and one well in the Missouri Breaks prospect in Richland County, Montana for an unadjusted purchase price of $46.9 million. Disclosures of pro forma revenues and net income for the acquisition of this one well are not material and have not been presented accordingly.
On March 18, 2011, Whiting and an unrelated third party formed Sustainable Water Resources, LLC (“SWR”) to develop a water project in the state of Colorado. The Company contributed $25.0 million for a 75% interest in SWR, and the 25% noncontrolling interest in SWR was ascribed a fair value of $8.3 million, which consisted of $2.5 million in cash contributions, as well as $5.8 million in intangible and fixed assets contributed to the joint venture.
On February 15, 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of 6,000 net undeveloped acres and additional working interests in the Pronghorn field in the Billings and Stark counties of North Dakota, for an aggregate purchase price of $40.0 million.
2011 Divestiture
On September 29, 2011, Whiting sold its interest in several non-core oil and gas producing properties located in the Karnes, Live Oak and DeWitt counties of Texas for total cash proceeds of $64.8 million, resulting in a pre-tax gain on sale of $12.3 million. Whiting used the net proceeds from the property sale to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under its credit agreement.
3.
|
LONG-TERM DEBT
|
Long-term debt consisted of the following at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
June 30, 2012
|
December 31, 2011
|
|||||||
Credit agreement
|
$ | 820,000 | $ | 780,000 | ||||
6.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2018
|
350,000 | 350,000 | ||||||
7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014
|
250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
Total debt
|
$ | 1,420,000 | $ | 1,380,000 |
Credit Agreement—Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation (“Whiting Oil and Gas”), the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, has a credit agreement with a syndicate of banks. As of June 30, 2012, this credit facility had a borrowing base of $1.5 billion with $677.6 million of available borrowing capacity, which is net of $820.0 million in borrowings and $2.4 million in letters of credit outstanding. The credit agreement provides for interest only payments until April 2016, when the agreement expires and all outstanding borrowings are due.
The borrowing base under the credit agreement is determined at the discretion of the lenders, based on the collateral value of the Company’s proved reserves that have been mortgaged to its lenders, and is subject to regular redeterminations on May 1 and November 1 of each year, as well as special redeterminations described in the credit agreement, in each case which may reduce the amount of the borrowing base. A portion of the revolving credit facility in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million may be used to issue letters of credit for the account of Whiting Oil and Gas or other designated subsidiaries of the Company. As of June 30, 2012, $47.6 million was available for additional letters of credit under the agreement.
Interest accrues at the Company’s option at either (i) a base rate for a base rate loan plus the margin in the table below, where the base rate is defined as the greatest of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or an adjusted LIBOR rate plus 1.00%, or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate for a Eurodollar loan plus the margin in the table below. Additionally, the Company also incurs commitment fees as set forth in the table below on the unused portion of the lesser of the aggregate commitments of the lenders or the borrowing base, and are included as a component of interest expense. At June 30, 2012, the weighted average interest rate on the outstanding principal balance under the credit agreement was 2.3%.
Ratio of Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base
|
Applicable Margin for
Base Rate Loans
|
Applicable Margin for
Eurodollar Loans
|
Commitment Fee
|
|||
Less than 0.25 to 1.0
|
0.50%
|
1.50%
|
0.375%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.25 to 1.0 but less than 0.50 to 1.0
|
0.75%
|
1.75%
|
0.375%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.50 to 1.0 but less than 0.75 to 1.0
|
1.00%
|
2.00%
|
0.50%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.75 to 1.0 but less than 0.90 to 1.0
|
1.25%
|
2.25%
|
0.50%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.90 to 1.0
|
1.50%
|
2.50%
|
0.50%
|
The credit agreement contains restrictive covenants that may limit the Company’s ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets, make loans to others, make investments, enter into mergers, enter into hedging contracts, incur liens and engage in certain other transactions without the prior consent of its lenders. Except for limited exceptions, which include the payment of dividends on the Company’s 6.25% convertible perpetual preferred stock, the credit agreement also restricts the Company’s ability to make any dividend payments or distributions on its common stock. These restrictions apply to all of the net assets of Whiting Oil and Gas. As of June 30, 2012, total restricted net assets were $3,205.9 million, and the amount of retained earnings free from restrictions was $18.5 million. The credit agreement requires the Company, as of the last day of any quarter, (i) to not exceed a total debt to the last four quarters’ EBITDAX ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of 4.25 to 1.0 for quarters ending prior to and on December 31, 2012 and 4.0 to 1.0 for the quarters ending March 31, 2013 and thereafter and (ii) to have a consolidated current assets to consolidated current liabilities ratio (as defined in the credit agreement and which includes an add back of the available borrowing capacity under the credit agreement) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0. The Company was in compliance with its covenants under the credit agreement as of June 30, 2012.
The obligations of Whiting Oil and Gas under the amended credit agreement are secured by a first lien on substantially all of Whiting Oil and Gas’ properties included in the borrowing base for the credit agreement. The Company has guaranteed the obligations of Whiting Oil and Gas under the credit agreement and has pledged the stock of Whiting Oil and Gas as security for its guarantee.
Senior Subordinated Notes—In October 2005, the Company issued at par $250.0 million of 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due February 2014. The estimated fair value of these notes was $264.4 million as of June 30, 2012, based on quoted market prices for these debt securities, and such fair value is therefore designated as Level 1 within the valuation hierarchy.
In September 2010, the Company issued at par $350.0 million of 6.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due October 2018. The estimated fair value of these notes was $371.0 million as of June 30, 2012, based on quoted market prices for these debt securities, and such fair value is therefore designated as Level 1 within the valuation hierarchy.
The notes are unsecured obligations of Whiting Petroleum Corporation and are subordinated to all of the Company’s senior debt, which currently consists of Whiting Oil and Gas’ credit agreement. The Company’s obligations under the 2014 notes are fully, unconditionally, jointly and severally guaranteed by the Company’s 100%-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas and Whiting Programs, Inc. (the “2014 Guarantors”). Additionally, the Company’s obligations under the 2018 notes are fully, unconditionally, jointly and severally guaranteed by the Company’s 100%-owned subsidiary, Whiting Oil and Gas (collectively with the 2014 Guarantors, the “Guarantors”). Any subsidiaries other than the Guarantors are minor subsidiaries as defined by Rule 3-10(h)(6) of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Whiting Petroleum Corporation has no assets or operations independent of this debt and its investments in guarantor subsidiaries.
4.
|
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
|
The Company’s asset retirement obligations represent the estimated future costs associated with the plugging and abandonment of oil and gas wells, removal of equipment and facilities from leased acreage, and land restoration (including removal of certain onshore and offshore facilities in California) in accordance with applicable local, state and federal laws. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, to determine its asset retirement obligation amounts by calculating the present value of the estimated future cash outflows associated with its plug and abandonment obligations. The current portions at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were $11.3 million and $7.7 million, respectively, and are included in accrued liabilities and other. Revisions to the liability could occur due to changes in estimated abandonment costs or well economic lives, or if federal or state regulators enact new requirements regarding the abandonment of wells. The following table provides a reconciliation of the Company’s asset retirement obligations for the six months ended June 30, 2012 (in thousands):
Asset retirement obligation at January 1, 2012
|
$ | 69,721 | ||
Additional liability incurred
|
3,097 | |||
Revisions in estimated cash flows
|
(4,344 | ) | ||
Accretion expense
|
3,636 | |||
Obligations on sold properties
|
(4 | ) | ||
Liabilities settled
|
(5,664 | ) | ||
Asset retirement obligation at June 30, 2012
|
$ | 66,442 |
5.
|
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
|
The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, and Whiting uses derivative instruments to manage its commodity price risk. Whiting follows FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, to account for its derivative financial instruments.
Commodity Derivative Contracts—Historically, prices received for crude oil and natural gas production have been volatile because of seasonal weather patterns, supply and demand factors, worldwide political factors and general economic conditions. Whiting enters into derivative contracts, primarily costless collars, to achieve a more predictable cash flow by reducing its exposure to commodity price volatility. Commodity derivative contracts are thereby used to ensure adequate cash flow to fund the Company’s capital programs and to manage returns on acquisitions and drilling programs. Costless collars are designed to establish floor and ceiling prices on anticipated future oil and gas production. While the use of these derivative instruments limits the downside risk of adverse price movements, they may also limit future revenues from favorable price movements. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative or trading purposes.
Whiting Derivatives. The table below details the Company’s costless collar derivatives, including its proportionate share of Trust I and Trust II derivatives, entered into to hedge forecasted crude oil and natural gas production revenues, as of July 16, 2012.
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
|
||||||||
Contracted Volumes
|
Weighted Average
NYMEX Price Collar Ranges
|
|||||||
Period
|
Crude Oil
(Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(Mcf)
|
Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(per Mcf)
|
||||
Jul – Dec 2012
|
6,979,789
|
186,427
|
$ 68.94 - $106.81
|
$ 6.49 - $13.93
|
||||
Jan – Dec 2013
|
3,143,700
|
-
|
$ 48.20 - $ 90.45
|
n/a
|
||||
Jan – Dec 2014
|
49,290
|
-
|
$ 80.00 - $122.50
|
n/a
|
||||
Total
|
10,172,779
|
186,427
|
Derivatives Conveyed to Whiting USA Trust I. In connection with the Company’s conveyance in April 2008 of a term net profits interest to Trust I and related sale of 11,677,500 Trust I units to the public, the right to any future hedge payments made or received by Whiting on certain of its derivative contracts have been conveyed to Trust I, and therefore such payments will be included in Trust I’s calculation of net proceeds. Under the terms of the aforementioned conveyance, Whiting retains 10% of the net proceeds from the underlying properties. Whiting’s retention of 10% of these net proceeds, combined with its ownership of 2,186,389 Trust I units, results in third-party public holders of Trust I units receiving 75.8%, and Whiting retaining 24.2%, of the future economic results of commodity derivative contracts conveyed to Trust I. The relative ownership of the future economic results of such commodity derivatives is reflected in the tables below. No additional hedges are allowed to be placed on Trust I assets.
The 24.2% portion of Trust I derivatives that Whiting has retained the economic rights to (and which are also included in the table above) are as follows:
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
|
||||||||
Contracted Volumes
|
Weighted Average
NYMEX Price Collar Ranges
|
|||||||
Period
|
Crude Oil
(Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(Mcf)
|
Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(per Mcf)
|
||||
Jul – Dec 2012
|
51,379
|
186,427
|
$ 74.00 - $141.95
|
$ 6.49 - $13.93
|
The 75.8% portion of Trust I derivative contracts of which Whiting has transferred the economic rights to third-party public holders of Trust I units (and which have not been reflected in the above tables) are as follows:
Third-party Public Holders of Trust I Units
|
||||||||
Contracted Volumes
|
Weighted Average
NYMEX Price Collar Ranges
|
|||||||
Period
|
Crude Oil
(Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(Mcf)
|
Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
|
Natural Gas
(per Mcf)
|
||||
Jul – Dec 2012
|
160,931
|
583,931
|
$ 74.00 - $141.95
|
$ 6.49 - $13.93
|
Derivatives Conveyed to Whiting USA Trust II. In connection with the Company’s conveyance in March 2012 of a term net profits interest to Trust II and related sale of 18,400,000 Trust II units to the public, the right to any future hedge payments made or received by Whiting on certain of its derivative contracts have been conveyed to Trust II, and therefore such payments will be included in Trust II’s calculation of net proceeds. Under the terms of the aforementioned conveyance, Whiting retains 10% of the net proceeds from the underlying properties, which results in third-party public holders of Trust II units receiving 90%, and Whiting retaining 10%, of the future economic results of commodity derivative contracts conveyed to Trust II. The relative ownership of the future economic results of such commodity derivatives is reflected in the tables below. No additional hedges are allowed to be placed on Trust II assets.
The 10% portion of Trust II derivatives that Whiting has retained the economic rights to (and which are also included in the first derivative table above) are as follows:
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
|
||||
Period
|
Contracted Crude Oil Volumes (Bbl)
|
NYMEX Price Collar Ranges for Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
|
||
Jul – Dec 2012
|
28,410
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
Jan – Dec 2013
|
53,700
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
Jan – Dec 2014
|
49,290
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
131,400
|
The 90% portion of Trust II derivative contracts of which Whiting has transferred the economic rights to third-party public holders of Trust II units (and which have not been reflected in the above tables) are as follows:
Third-party Public Holders of Trust II Units
|
||||
Period
|
Contracted Crude Oil Volumes (Bbl)
|
NYMEX Price Collar Ranges for Crude Oil
(per Bbl)
|
||
Jul – Dec 2012
|
255,690
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
Jan – Dec 2013
|
483,300
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
Jan – Dec 2014
|
443,610
|
$80.00 - $122.50
|
||
1,182,600
|
Embedded Commodity Derivative Contracts—As of June 30, 2012, Whiting had entered into certain contracts for oil field goods or services, whereby the price adjustment clauses for such goods or services are linked to changes in NYMEX crude oil prices. The Company has determined that the portions of these contracts linked to NYMEX oil prices are not clearly and closely related to the host contracts, and the Company has therefore bifurcated these embedded pricing features from their host contracts and reflected them at fair value in the consolidated financial statements.
Drilling Rig Contracts. As of June 30, 2012, Whiting had entered into two contracts with drilling rig companies, whereby the rig day rates included price adjustment clauses that are linked to changes in NYMEX crude oil prices. These drilling rig contracts have termination dates of April 2014 and September 2014. The price adjustment formulas in the rig contracts stipulate that with every $10 increase or decrease in the price of NYMEX crude, the cost of drilling rig day rates to the Company will likewise increase or decrease by specific dollar amounts as set forth in each of the individual contracts. As of June 30, 2012, the aggregate estimated fair value of the embedded derivatives in these drilling rig contracts was an asset of $0.8 million.
As global crude oil prices increase or decrease, the demand for drilling rigs in North America similarly increases and decreases. Because the supply of onshore drilling rigs in North America is fairly inelastic, these changes in rig demand cause drilling rig day rates to increase or decrease in tandem with crude oil price fluctuations. When the Company enters into a long-term drilling rig contract that has a fixed rig day rate, which does not increase or decrease with changes in oil prices, the Company is exposed to the risk of paying higher than the market day rate for drilling rigs in a climate of declining oil prices. This in turn could have a negative impact on the Company’s oil and gas well economics. As a result, the Company reduces its exposure to this risk by entering into certain drilling contracts which have day rates that fluctuate in tandem with changes in oil prices.
CO2 Purchase Contract. In May 2011, Whiting entered into a long-term contract to purchase CO2 from 2015 through 2029 for use in its enhanced oil recovery project that is being carried out at its North Ward Estes field in Texas. The price per Mcf of CO2 purchased under this agreement increases or decreases as the average price of NYMEX crude oil likewise increases or decreases. As of June 30, 2012, the estimated fair value of the embedded derivative in this CO2 purchase contract was an asset of $17.7 million.
Although CO2 is not a commodity that is actively traded on a public exchange, the market price for CO2 generally fluctuates in tandem with increases or decreases in crude oil prices. When Whiting enters into a long-term CO2 purchase contract where the price of CO2 is fixed and does not adjust with changes in oil prices, the Company is exposed to the risk of paying higher than the market rate for CO2 in a climate of declining oil and CO2 prices. This in turn could have a negative impact on the project economics of the Company’s CO2 flood at North Ward Estes. As a result, the Company reduces its exposure to this risk by entering into certain CO2 purchase contracts which have prices that fluctuate along with changes in crude oil prices.
Derivative Instrument Reporting—All derivative instruments are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, other than derivative instruments that meet the “normal purchase normal sale” exclusion. The following tables summarize the location and fair value amounts of all derivative instruments in the consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
Fair Value
|
||||||||||
Not Designated as ASC 815 Hedges
|
Balance Sheet Classification
|
June 30,
2012
|
December 31,
2011
|
|||||||
Derivative assets:
|
||||||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Prepaid expenses and other
|
$ | 7,039 | $ | 5,719 | |||||
Embedded commodity contracts
|
Prepaid expenses and other
|
147 | 240 | |||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Other long-term assets
|
4,397 | - | |||||||
Embedded commodity contracts
|
Other long-term assets
|
18,375 | 13,347 | |||||||
Total derivative assets
|
$ | 29,958 | $ | 19,306 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities:
|
||||||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Current derivative liabilities
|
$ | 23,364 | $ | 73,647 | |||||
Commodity contracts
|
Non-current derivative liabilities
|
17,085 | 47,763 | |||||||
Total derivative liabilities
|
$ | 40,449 | $ | 121,410 |
The following tables summarize the effects of commodity derivatives instruments on the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):
Gain Reclassified from OCI into Income (Effective Portion)
|
||||||||||
ASC 815 Cash Flow
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|||||||||
Hedging Relationships
|
Income Statement Classification
|
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Gain on hedging activities
|
$ | 1,886 | $ | 5,454 |
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Gain on hedging activities
|
$ | 759 | $ | 2,391 |
(Gain) Loss Recognized in Income
|
||||||||||
Not Designated as
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|||||||||
ASC 815 Hedges
|
Income Statement Classification
|
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Commodity derivative (gain) loss, net
|
$ | (65,687 | ) | $ | 21,294 | ||||
Embedded commodity contracts
|
Commodity derivative (gain) loss, net
|
(4,935 | ) | (474 | ) | |||||
Total
|
$ | (70,622 | ) | $ | 20,820 |
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||||
Commodity contracts
|
Commodity derivative (gain) loss, net
|
$ | (89,524 | ) | $ | (110,063 | ) | |||
Embedded commodity contracts
|
Commodity derivative (gain) loss, net
|
(10,501 | ) | (3,555 | ) | |||||
Total
|
$ | (100,025 | ) | $ | (113,618 | ) |
Contingent Features in Derivative Instruments. None of the Company’s derivative instruments contain credit-risk-related contingent features. Counterparties to the Company’s derivative contracts are high credit-quality financial institutions that are current or former lenders under Whiting’s credit agreement. At the time Whiting enters into derivative contracts, the Company uses only credit agreement participants to hedge with, since these institutions are secured equally with the holders of Whiting’s bank debt, which eliminates the potential need to post collateral when Whiting is in a derivative liability position. As a result, the Company is not required to post letters of credit or corporate guarantees for its derivative counterparties in order to secure contract performance obligations.
6.
|
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
|
The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure, which establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three different levels depending on the observability of the inputs employed in the measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:
·
|
Level 1: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
|
·
|
Level 2: Significant Other Observable Inputs – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
|
·
|
Level 3: Significant Unobservable Inputs – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
|
A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. The Company reflects transfers between the three levels at the beginning of the reporting period in which the availability of observable inputs no longer justifies classification in the original level.
The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair values (in thousands):
Level 1
|
Level 2
|
Level 3
|
Total Fair Value
June 30, 2012
|
|||||||||||||
Financial Assets
|
||||||||||||||||
Commodity derivatives – current
|
$ | - | $ | 7,039 | $ | - | $ | 7,039 | ||||||||
Embedded commodity derivatives – current
|
- | 147 | - | 147 | ||||||||||||
Commodity derivatives – non-current
|
- | 4,397 | - | 4,397 | ||||||||||||
Embedded commodity derivatives – non-current
|
- | 697 | 17,678 | 18,375 | ||||||||||||
Total financial assets
|
$ | - | $ | 12,280 | $ | 17,678 | $ | 29,958 | ||||||||
Financial Liabilities
|
||||||||||||||||
Commodity derivatives – current
|
$ | - | $ | 23,364 | $ | - | $ | 23,364 | ||||||||
Commodity derivatives – non-current
|
- | 17,085 | - | 17,085 | ||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities
|
$ | - | $ | 40,449 | $ | - | $ | 40,449 |
Level 1
|
Level 2
|
Level 3
|
Total Fair Value
December 31, 2011
|
|||||||||||||
Financial Assets
|
||||||||||||||||
Commodity derivatives – current
|
$ | - | $ | 5,719 | $ | - | $ | 5,719 | ||||||||
Embedded commodity derivatives – current
|
- | 240 | - | 240 | ||||||||||||
Embedded commodity derivatives – non-current
|
- | 367 | 12,980 | 13,347 | ||||||||||||
Total financial assets
|
$ | - | $ | 6,326 | $ | 12,980 | $ | 19,306 | ||||||||
Financial Liabilities
|
||||||||||||||||
Commodity derivatives – current
|
$ | - | $ | 73,647 | $ | - | $ | 73,647 | ||||||||
Commodity derivatives – non-current
|
- | 47,763 | - | 47,763 | ||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities
|
$ | - | $ | 121,410 | $ | - | $ | 121,410 |
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the assets and liabilities in the tables above:
Commodity Derivatives. Commodity derivative instruments consist primarily of costless collars for crude oil and natural gas. The Company’s costless collars are valued based on an income approach. These option models consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value and volatility factors. These assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the contract, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace, and are therefore designated as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. The discount rates used in the fair values of these instruments include a measure of either the Company’s or the counterparty’s nonperformance risk, as appropriate. The Company utilizes counterparties’ valuations to assess the reasonableness of its own valuations.
Embedded Commodity Derivatives. Embedded commodity derivatives relate to long-term drilling rig contracts as well as a long-term CO2 purchase contract, which all have price adjustment clauses that are linked to changes in NYMEX crude oil prices. Whiting has determined that the portions of these contracts linked to NYMEX oil prices are not clearly and closely related to the host drilling contracts, and the Company has therefore bifurcated these embedded pricing features from their host contracts and reflected them at fair value in its consolidated financial statements. These embedded commodity derivatives are valued based on an income approach. These option models consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, LIBOR discount rates and either the Company’s or the counterparty’s nonperformance risk, as appropriate.
The assumptions used in the valuation of the drilling rig contracts are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the contract, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace, and the fair value measurements of the drilling rig contracts are therefore designated as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy.
The assumptions used in the CO2 contract valuation, however, include inputs that are both observable in the marketplace as well as unobservable during the term of the contract. With respect to forward prices for NYMEX crude oil where there is a lack of price transparency in certain future periods, such unobservable oil price inputs are significant to the CO2 contract valuation methodology, and the contract’s fair value is therefore designated as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy.
Level 3 Fair Value Measurements. A third-party valuation specialist is utilized on a quarterly basis to determine the fair value of the embedded commodity derivative instrument designated as Level 3. The Company reviews these valuations (including the related model inputs and assumptions) and analyzes changes in fair value measurements between periods. The Company corroborates such inputs, calculations and fair value changes using various methodologies, and Whiting reviews unobservable inputs for reasonableness utilizing relevant information from other published sources.
The following table presents a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of financial assets (liabilities) designated as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
|
Six Months Ended
|
|||||||
June 30, 2012(2)
|
June 30, 2012(2)
|
|||||||
Fair value asset, beginning of period
|
$ | 8,866 | $ | 12,980 | ||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on embedded commodity derivative contracts included in earnings(1)
|
8,812 | 4,698 | ||||||
Transfers into (out of) Level 3
|
- | - | ||||||
Fair value asset, end of period
|
$ | 17,678 | $ | 17,678 |
_____________________
(1)
|
Included in commodity derivative (gain) loss, net in the consolidated statements of income.
|
(2)
|
There were no recurring fair value measurements designated as Level 3 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2011.
|
Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s embedded commodity derivative contract designated as Level 3 are as follows:
Fair Value at June 30, 2012 (in thousands) |
Valuation Technique
|
Unobservable
Input
|
Range
(per Bbl)
|
|||||
Embedded commodity derivative
|
$ |
17,678
|
Option model
|
Future prices of NYMEX crude oil after June 30, 2018
|
$88.58-$122.73
|
Sensitivity To Changes In Significant Unobservable Inputs. As presented in the table above, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Whiting’s embedded commodity derivative within its CO2 purchase contract are the future prices of NYMEX crude oil from July 2018 to 2029. Significant increases (decreases) in these unobservable inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value asset measurement.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements. The Company applies the provisions of the fair value measurement standard to its nonrecurring, non-financial measurements, including proved oil and gas property impairments. The Company did not recognize any impairment write-downs with respect to its proved oil and gas properties during the 2012 or 2011 reporting periods presented.
7.
|
DEFERRED COMPENSATION
|
Production Participation Plan—The Company has a Production Participation Plan (the “Plan”) in which all employees participate. On an annual basis, interests in oil and gas properties acquired, developed or sold during the year are allocated to the Plan as determined annually by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. Once allocated, the interests (not legally conveyed) are fixed. Interest allocations prior to 1995 consisted of 2%-3% overriding royalty interests. Interest allocations since 1995 have been 2%-5% of oil and gas sales less lease operating expenses and production taxes.
Payments of 100% of the year’s Plan interests to employees and the vested percentages of former employees in the year’s Plan interests are made annually in cash after year-end. Accrued compensation expense under the Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 amounted to $27.7 million and $17.1 million, respectively, charged to general and administrative expense and $2.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively, charged to exploration expense.
Employees vest in the Plan ratably at 20% per year over a five-year period. Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, (i) employees who terminate their employment with the Company are entitled to receive their vested allocation of future Plan year payments on an annual basis; (ii) employees will become fully vested at age 62, regardless of when their interests would otherwise vest; and (iii) any forfeitures inure to the benefit of the Company.
The Company uses average historical prices to estimate the vested long-term Production Participation Plan liability. At June 30, 2012, the Company used three-year average historical NYMEX prices of $80.41 for crude oil and $3.93 for natural gas to estimate this liability. If the Company were to terminate the Plan or upon a change in control of the Company (as defined in the Plan), all employees fully vest and the Company would distribute to each Plan participant an amount, based upon the valuation method set forth in the Plan, in a lump sum payment twelve months after the date of termination or within one month after a change in control event. Based on current strip prices at June 30, 2012, if the Company elected to terminate the Plan or if a change of control event occurred, it is estimated that the fully vested lump sum cash payment to employees would approximate $156.7 million. This amount includes $12.0 million attributable to proved undeveloped oil and gas properties and $30.6 million relating to the short-term portion of the Plan liability, which has been accrued as a current payable to be paid in February 2013. The ultimate sharing contribution for proved undeveloped oil and gas properties will be awarded in the year of Plan termination or change of control. However, the Company has no intention to terminate the Plan.
The following table presents changes in the Plan’s estimated long-term liability (in thousands):
Long-term Production Participation Plan liability at January 1
|
$ | 80,659 | ||
Change in liability for accretion, vesting, changes in estimates and new Plan year activity
|
30,611 | |||
Cash payments accrued as compensation expense and reflected as a current payable
|
(30,629 | ) | ||
Long-term Production Participation Plan liability at June 30
|
$ | 80,641 |
8.
|
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
|
Common Stock—In May 2011, Whiting’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 175,000,000 shares to 300,000,000 shares.
Stock Split. On January 26, 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a two-for-one split of the Company's shares of common stock to be effected in the form of a stock dividend. As a result of the stock split, stockholders of record on February 7, 2011 received one additional share of common stock for each share of common stock held. The additional shares of common stock were distributed on February 22, 2011. Concurrently with the payment of such stock dividend in February 2011, there was a transfer from additional paid-in capital to common stock of $0.1 million, which amount represents $0.001 per share (being the par value thereof) for each share of common stock so issued. The common stock dividend resulted in the conversion price for Whiting’s 6.25% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock being adjusted from $43.4163 to $21.70815.
6.25% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock—In June 2009, the Company completed a public offering of 6.25% convertible perpetual preferred stock (“preferred stock”), selling 3,450,000 shares at a price of $100.00 per share. As of June 30, 2012, however, only 172,391 shares of preferred stock remained outstanding.
Each holder of the preferred stock is entitled to an annual dividend of $6.25 per share to be paid quarterly in cash, common stock or a combination thereof on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15, when and if such dividend has been declared by Whiting’s board of directors. Each share of preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $100.00 per share plus accumulated and unpaid dividends and is convertible, at a holder’s option, into shares of Whiting’s common stock based on a conversion price of $21.70815, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events. The preferred stock is not redeemable by the Company. At any time on or after June 15, 2013, the Company may cause all outstanding shares of this preferred stock to be converted into shares of common stock if the closing price of our common stock equals or exceeds 120% of the then-prevailing conversion price for at least 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days. The holders of preferred stock have no voting rights unless dividends payable on the preferred stock are in arrears for six or more quarterly periods.
Noncontrolling Interest—The noncontrolling interest represents an unrelated third party’s 25% ownership interest in SWR. The table below summarizes the activity for the equity attributable to the noncontrolling interest (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Balance at January 1
|
$ | 8,274 | $ | - | ||||
Contributions from noncontrolling interest
|
- | 8,333 | ||||||
Net income (loss)
|
(55 | ) | - | |||||
Balance at June 30
|
$ | 8,219 | $ | 8,333 |
9.
|
INCOME TAXES
|
Income tax expense during interim periods is based on applying an estimated annual effective income tax rate to year-to-date income, plus any significant unusual or infrequently occurring items which are recorded in the interim period. The provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 differs from the amount that would be provided by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 35% to pre-tax income primarily because of state income taxes and estimated permanent differences.
The computation of the annual estimated effective tax rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and significant judgment including, but not limited to, the expected operating income for the year, projections of the proportion of income earned and taxed in various jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences, and the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets generated in the current year. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, more experience is obtained, additional information becomes known or as the tax environment changes.
10.
|
EARNINGS PER SHARE
|
The reconciliations between basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Basic Earnings Per Share
|
||||||||
Numerator:
|
||||||||
Net income available to shareholders
|
$ | 150,882 | $ | 203,149 | ||||
Preferred stock dividends
|
(270 | ) | (269 | ) | ||||
Net income available to common shareholders, basic
|
$ | 150,612 | $ | 202,880 | ||||
Denominator:
|
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
|
117,622 | 117,373 | ||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share
|
||||||||
Numerator:
|
||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders, basic
|
$ | 150,612 | $ | 202,880 | ||||
Preferred stock dividends
|
270 | 269 | ||||||
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders, diluted
|
$ | 150,882 | $ | 203,149 | ||||
Denominator:
|
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
|
117,622 | 117,373 | ||||||
Restricted stock and stock options
|
437 | 492 | ||||||
Convertible perpetual preferred stock
|
794 | 794 | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted
|
118,853 | 118,659 | ||||||
Earnings per common share, basic
|
$ | 1.28 | $ | 1.73 | ||||
Earnings per common share, diluted
|
$ | 1.27 | $ | 1.71 |
For the three months ended June 30, 2012, the diluted earnings per share calculation excludes the effect of 25,984 common shares for stock options that were out-of-the-money and 138,148 incremental common shares for restricted stock that did not meet its market-based vesting criteria as of June 30, 2012.
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Basic Earnings Per Share
|
||||||||
Numerator:
|
||||||||
Net income available to shareholders
|
$ | 249,352 | $ | 222,563 | ||||
Preferred stock dividends
|
(539 | ) | (539 | ) | ||||
Net income available to common shareholders, basic
|
$ | 248,813 | $ | 222,024 | ||||
Denominator:
|
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
|
117,569 | 117,308 | ||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share
|
||||||||
Numerator:
|
||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders, basic
|
$ | 248,813 | $ | 222,024 | ||||
Preferred stock dividends
|
539 | 539 | ||||||
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders, diluted
|
$ | 249,352 | $ | 222,563 | ||||
Denominator:
|
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
|
117,569 | 117,308 | ||||||
Restricted stock and stock options
|
526 | 605 | ||||||
Convertible perpetual preferred stock
|
794 | 794 | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted
|
118,889 | 118,707 | ||||||
Earnings per common share, basic
|
$ | 2.12 | $ | 1.89 | ||||
Earnings per common share, diluted
|
$ | 2.10 | $ | 1.87 |
For the six months ended June 30, 2012, the diluted earnings per share calculation excludes the effect of 10,542 common shares for stock options that were out-of-the-money and 129,203 incremental common shares for restricted stock that did not meet its market-based vesting criteria as of June 30, 2012.
11.
|
ADOPTED AND RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
|
In May 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement: Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs (“ASU 2011-04”), which provides amendments to FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The objective of ASU 2011-04 is to create common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The amendments clarify existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements and make changes to particular principles or requirements for measuring or disclosing information about fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2012, which did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements other than additional disclosures.
In June 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income: Presentation of Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2011-05”), which provides amendments to FASB ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income. The objective of ASU 2011-05 is to require an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of equity. ASU 2011-05 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is to be applied retrospectively. In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income: Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05 (“ASU 2011-12”), which defers the effective date of changes in ASU 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in this update are effective at the same time as the amendments in ASU 2011-05. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2011-05 and 2011-12 effective January 1, 2012, which did not have an impact on its consolidated financial statements other than requiring the Company to present its statements of comprehensive income separately from its statements of equity, as these statements were previously presented on a combined basis.
In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet: Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities (“ASU 2011-11”). The objective of ASU 2011-11 is to require an entity to provide enhanced disclosures that will enable users of its financial statements to evaluate the effect or potential effect of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial position. ASU 2011-11 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 and should be applied retrospectively. The adoption of this standard will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Item 2.
|
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
|
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Whiting,” “we,” “us,” “our” or “ours” when used in this Item refer to Whiting Petroleum Corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and Whiting Programs, Inc. When the context requires, we refer to these entities separately. This document contains forward-looking statements, which give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. Please refer to “Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of this Item for an explanation of these types of statements.
Overview
We are an independent oil and gas company engaged in exploration, development, acquisition and production activities primarily in the Rocky Mountains, Permian Basin, Mid-Continent, Michigan and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. Prior to 2006, we generally emphasized the acquisition of properties that increased our production levels and provided upside potential through further development. Since 2006, we have focused primarily on organic drilling activity and on the development of previously acquired properties, specifically on projects that we believe provide the opportunity for repeatable successes and production growth. We believe the combination of acquisitions, subsequent development and organic drilling provides us a broad set of growth alternatives and allows us to direct our capital resources to what we believe to be the most advantageous investments.
As demonstrated by our recent capital expenditure programs, we are increasingly focused on a balanced exploration and development program, while continuing to selectively pursue acquisitions that complement our existing core properties. We believe that our significant drilling inventory, combined with our operating experience and cost structure, provides us with meaningful organic growth opportunities. Our growth plan is centered on the following activities:
•
|
pursuing the development of projects that we believe will generate attractive rates of return;
|
|
•
|
allocating a portion of our capital budget to leasing and exploring prospect areas;
|
|
•
|
maintaining a balanced portfolio of lower risk, long-lived oil and gas properties that provide stable cash flows; and
|
|
•
|
seeking property acquisitions that complement our core areas.
|
We have historically acquired operated and non-operated properties that exceed our rate of return criteria. For acquisitions of properties with additional development and exploration potential, our focus has been on acquiring operated properties so that we can better control the timing and implementation of capital spending. In some instances, we have been able to acquire non-operated property interests at attractive rates of return that established a presence in a new area of interest or that have complemented our existing operations. We intend to continue to acquire both operated and non-operated interests to the extent we believe they meet our return criteria. In addition, our willingness to acquire non-operated properties in new geographic regions provides us with geophysical and geologic data in some cases that leads to further acquisitions in the same region, whether on an operated or non-operated basis. We sell properties when we believe that the sales price realized will provide an above average rate of return for the property or when the property no longer matches the profile of properties we desire to own.
Our revenue, profitability and future growth rate depend on many factors which are beyond our control, such as economic, political and regulatory developments and competition from other sources of energy. Oil and gas prices historically have been volatile and may fluctuate widely in the future. The following table highlights the quarterly average NYMEX price trends for crude oil and natural gas prices since the first quarter of 2010:
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
||||||||||
Q1
|
Q2
|
Q3
|
Q4
|
Q1
|
Q2
|
Q3
|
Q4
|
Q1
|
Q2
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
$78.79
|
$77.99
|
$76.21
|
$85.18
|
$94.25
|
$102.55
|
$89.81
|
$94.02
|
$102.94
|
$93.51
|
||
Natural Gas
|
$5.30
|
$4.09
|
$4.39
|
$3.81
|
$4.10
|
$4.32
|
$4.20
|
$3.54
|
$2.72
|
$2.21
|
Lower oil and natural gas prices may not only decrease our revenues, but may also reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can produce economically and therefore potentially lower our oil and gas reserves. A substantial or extended decline in oil or natural gas prices may result in impairments of our proved oil and gas properties and may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations, liquidity or ability to finance planned capital expenditures. Lower oil and gas prices may also reduce the amount of our borrowing base under our credit agreement, which is determined at the discretion of the lenders and is based on the collateral value of our proved reserves that have been mortgaged to the lenders. Alternatively, higher oil and natural gas prices may result in significant non-cash, mark-to-market losses being incurred on our commodity-based derivatives, which may in turn cause us to experience net losses.
2012 Highlights and Future Considerations
Operational Highlights.
Sanish. Our Sanish field in Mountrail County, North Dakota targets the Bakken and Three Forks formations. Net production in the Sanish field averaged 31.5 MBOE/d for the second quarter of 2012, representing a 10% increase from 28.8 MBOE/d in the first quarter of 2012.
Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn. Our Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects are located primarily in the Stark and Billings counties of North Dakota and run along the Bakken shale pinch-out in the southern Williston Basin. In this area, the Upper Bakken shale is thermally mature, moderately over-pressured, and we believe that it has charged reservoir zones within the immediately underlying Pronghorn Sand and Three Forks formations. Net production in the Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects averaged 10.3 MBOE/d in the second quarter of 2012, representing a 13% increase from 9.1 MBOE/d in the first quarter of 2012.
In December 2011, we completed and commissioned the gas processing plant located south of Belfield, North Dakota, which will have a processing capacity of 30 MMcf/d and which will primarily process production from the Pronghorn area. Currently, there is inlet compression in place to process 24 MMcf/d, and the plant is processing 13.1 MMcf/d. In May 2012, we sold a 50% ownership interest in the plant, gathering systems and related facilities. We retained a 50% ownership interest and will continue to operate the Belfield plant and facilities.
Hidden Bench/Tarpon. Our Hidden Bench and Tarpon prospects in McKenzie County, North Dakota target the Bakken and Three Forks formations. In the second quarter of 2012, production from the Hidden Bench/Tarpon prospects averaged 2.2 MBOE/d, which was consistent with production rates in the first quarter of 2012.
Big Island. We have identified more than 50 vertical Red River prospects at our Big Island play in Golden Valley County, North Dakota using 3-D seismic interpretations as well as porosity anomalies. As of June 30, 2012, five vertical Red River wells have been drilled at this prospect, and all have been completed as successful oil producers.
North Ward Estes. The North Ward Estes field is located in the Ward and Winkler counties in Texas, and we continue to have significant development and related infrastructure activity in this field since we acquired it in 2005. Our activity at North Ward Estes to date has resulted in substantial reserve additions and production increases, and our expansion of the CO2 flood in this area continues to generate positive results.
North Ward Estes has generally been responding positively to the water and CO2 floods that we initiated in May 2007. Net production from North Ward Estes averaged 8.6 MBOE/d for the second quarter of 2012, which represents a 6% increase from 8.1 MBOE/d in the second quarter of 2011. We are currently injecting approximately 330 MMcf/d of CO2 into the field, over half of which is recycled.
Postle. The Postle field is located in Texas County, Oklahoma and produces from the Morrow sandstone. Postle averaged 8.2 MBOE/d in the second quarter of 2012, which represents a 2% decrease from 8.3 MBOE/d in the first quarter of 2012. We are currently injecting approximately 125 MMcf/d of CO2 into the field, over half of which is recycled.
Big Tex. Our Big Tex prospect in Pecos, Reeves and Ward counties, Texas targets the Brushy Canyon, Bone Spring and Wolfcamp horizons. We have increased our planned capital expenditures and drilling activity in the Big Tex prospect from a 13-well drilling program to a 17-well program. These wells will be a mixture of vertical Wolfcamp and Wolfbone wells, horizontal Wolfcamp wells and horizontal Bone Spring wells.
Redtail. Our Redtail prospect in Weld County, Colorado targets the Niobrara formation. In late 2010, we initiated a seven-well exploratory drilling program (five horizontal and two vertical monitor wells) in the Niobrara formation. Based on the results of our exploratory drilling program and recently acquired 3-D seismic data, we increased our previous eight-well drilling program for 2012 to a 17-well program, of which two were drilled in the first half of 2012. We plan to continue drilling operations at our Redtail prospect during the latter half of 2012.
Acquisition and Divestiture Highlights. On May 18, 2012, we sold a 50% ownership interest in our Belfield gas processing plant, natural gas gathering system, oil gathering system and related facilities located in Stark County, North Dakota for total cash proceeds of $66.2 million. We used the net proceeds from the sale to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under our credit agreement.
On March 22, 2012, we completed the acquisition of approximately 13,300 net undeveloped acres in the Missouri Breaks prospect in Richland County, Montana for $33.3 million.
Whiting USA Trust II. On March 28, 2012, we completed an initial public offering of units of beneficial interest in Whiting USA Trust II (“Trust II”), selling 18,400,000 Trust II units at $20.00 per unit, which generated net proceeds of $323.0 million after underwriters’ fees, offering expenses and post-close adjustments. We used the net offering proceeds to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under our credit agreement. The net proceeds from the sale of Trust II units to the public resulted in a deferred gain on sale of $129.5 million. Immediately prior to the closing of the offering, we conveyed a term net profits interest in certain of our oil and gas properties to Trust II in exchange for 18,400,000 trust units.
The net profits interest entitles Trust II to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas production from the underlying properties. The net profits interest will terminate on the later to occur of (1) December 31, 2021, or (2) the time when 11.79 MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold. This is the equivalent of 10.61 MMBOE in respect of Trust II’s right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest. The conveyance of the net profits interest to Trust II consisted entirely of proved reserves of 10.61 MMBOE as of the January 1, 2012 effective date, representing 3% of our proved reserves as of December 31, 2011 and 5% (or 4.5 MBOE/d) of our March 2012 average daily net production.
Results of Operations
Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2011
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Net production:
|
||||||||
Oil (MMBbls)
|
12.5 | 9.6 | ||||||
Natural gas (Bcf)
|
13.0 | 13.3 | ||||||
Total production (MMBOE)
|
14.7 | 11.8 | ||||||
Net sales (in millions):
|
||||||||
Oil (1)
|
$ | 1,008.0 | $ | 833.5 | ||||
Natural gas (1)
|
43.5 | 66.0 | ||||||
Total oil and natural gas sales
|
$ | 1,051.5 | $ | 899.5 | ||||
Average sales prices:
|
||||||||
Oil (per Bbl)
|
$ | 80.47 | $ | 87.18 | ||||
Effect of oil hedges on average price (per Bbl)
|
(1.73 | ) | (2.56 | ) | ||||
Oil net of hedging (per Bbl)
|
$ | 78.74 | $ | 84.62 | ||||
Average NYMEX price (per Bbl)
|
$ | 98.23 | $ | 98.42 | ||||
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
$ | 3.35 | $ | 4.97 | ||||
Effect of natural gas hedges on average price (per Mcf)
|
0.06 | 0.04 | ||||||
Natural gas net of hedging (per Mcf)
|
$ | 3.41 | $ | 5.01 | ||||
Average NYMEX price (per Mcf)
|
$ | 2.47 | $ | 4.21 | ||||
Cost and expenses (per BOE):
|
||||||||
Lease operating expenses
|
$ | 12.54 | $ | 12.34 | ||||
Production taxes
|
$ | 5.81 | $ | 5.60 | ||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense
|
$ | 21.56 | $ | 18.51 | ||||
General and administrative expenses
|
$ | 4.06 | $ | 3.34 |
_____________________
(1)
|
Before consideration of hedging transactions.
|
Oil and Natural Gas Sales. Our oil and natural gas sales revenue increased $151.9 million to $1,051.5 million in the first half of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011. Sales are a function of oil and gas volumes sold and average commodity prices realized. Our oil sales volumes increased 31% between periods, while our natural gas sales volumes decreased 2%. The oil volume increase resulted primarily from drilling success at our Sanish and Parshall fields, Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects and Hidden Bench prospect. During the first half of 2012, oil production from our Sanish and Parshall fields increased 1,370 MBbl, while oil production from our Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects increased 1,255 MBbl, and oil production from our Hidden Bench prospect increased 350 MBbl over the same period in 2011. These production increases were partially offset by the Trust II divestiture, which decreased oil production by 320 MBOE thus far in 2012. The gas volume decline between periods was primarily the result of the Trust II divestiture, which decreased gas production by 615 MMcf, as well as normal field production decline across several areas. During the first half of 2012, gas production at our Flat Rock field decreased 860 MMcf, and gas production at our Canyon field decreased 440 MMcf compared to the first half of 2011. These gas volume decreases were partially offset by increased gas production of 835 MMcf at our Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects and 640 MMcf at our Sanish and Parshall fields, which were associated with new wells drilled and completed in these areas during the last twelve months.
Partially offsetting the increase in oil and gas sales revenue in the first half of 2012 resulting from higher oil production volumes, were decreases in the average sales prices realized for oil and natural gas. Our average price for oil before the effects of hedging decreased 8% in the first half of 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011, and our average price for natural gas before the effects of hedging decreased 33% between periods. These price decreases were mainly due to lower average NYMEX prices in the first half of 2012 versus the first half of 2011.
Gain (Loss) on Hedging Activities. Our gain on hedging activities decreased $3.6 million in 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011, and it consisted of the following (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Gains reclassified from AOCI on de-designated hedges
|
$ | 1,886 | $ | 5,454 |
Effective April 1, 2009, we elected to de-designate all of our commodity derivative contracts that had been previously designated as cash flow hedges, and we elected to discontinue all hedge accounting prospectively. Accordingly, each period we reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) into earnings unrealized gains (which were frozen in AOCI on the April 1, 2009 de-designation date) upon the expiration of these de-designated crude oil hedges, and we report such non-cash unrealized gains as gain on hedging activities.
See Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” for a list of our outstanding oil and natural gas derivatives as of July 16, 2012.
Lease Operating Expenses. Our lease operating expenses (“LOE”) during the first half of 2012 were $184.3 million, a $39.0 million increase over the same period in 2011. This rise in LOE in 2012 was primarily related to a $34.1 million increase in the cost of oil field goods and services and gas plant operating expenses, both of which were associated with net wells we added during the last twelve months. In addition, well workover activity increased to $46.1 million in the first half of 2012, as compared to $41.2 million in the first half of 2011, primarily due to a higher number of workovers being conducted on our CO2 project at our North Ward Estes field and at our Sanish and Parshall fields.
Our lease operating expenses on a BOE basis also increased in the first half of 2012. LOE per BOE amounted to $12.54 for the first half of 2012, which was up from $12.34 per BOE for the first half of 2011. This increase was mainly due to the higher costs of oil field goods and services, plant expenses and workover activity in 2012, as discussed above. However, the oil field and workover cost increases incurred during the first half of 2012 were largely offset by higher overall production volumes between periods.
Production Taxes. Our production taxes during the first half of 2012 were $85.4 million, a $19.5 million increase over the same period in 2011, which increase was primarily due to higher oil and natural gas sales between periods. However, our production taxes are generally calculated as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales revenue before the effects of hedging, and this percentage on a company-wide basis was 8.1% and 7.3% for the first half of 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our production tax rate for the first half of 2012 was greater than the rate for the same period in 2011 due to successful wells completed during the past twelve months in the North Dakota Bakken area, which has an 11.5% production tax rate. In addition, we take advantage of credits and exemptions allowed in our various taxing jurisdictions.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Our depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) expense increased $98.7 million in 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011. The components of our DD&A expense were as follows (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Depletion
|
$ | 311,416 | $ | 212,832 | ||||
Depreciation
|
1,657 | 1,204 | ||||||
Accretion of asset retirement obligations
|
3,636 | 3,942 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 316,709 | $ | 217,978 |
DD&A increased in the first half of 2012 primarily due to $98.6 million in higher depletion expense between periods. This increase was the result of $61.8 million in higher depletion due to a rise in overall production volumes during the first half of 2012 and $36.8 million in higher depletion due to an increase in our depletion rate between periods. On a BOE basis, our DD&A rate of $21.56 for the first half of 2012 was 16% higher than the rate of $18.51 for the same period in 2011. The higher DD&A rate was mainly due to $1,806.7 million in drilling and development expenditures during the past twelve months, which were partially offset by reserve additions during this same time period.
Exploration and Impairment Costs. Our exploration and impairment costs increased $13.1 million in the first half of 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011. The components of our exploration and impairment costs were as follows (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Exploration
|
$ | 23,254 | $ | 26,966 | ||||
Impairment
|
32,226 | 15,442 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 55,480 | $ | 42,408 |
Exploration costs decreased $3.7 million during the first half of 2012 as compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to lower exploratory dry hole costs and a decrease in geological and geophysical (“G&G”) activity. We did not drill any exploratory dry holes during the six months ended June 30, 2012, while we drilled three exploratory dry holes in the Rocky Mountains, Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions totaling $4.3 million during the first half of 2011. G&G costs, such as seismic studies, amounted to $11.2 million during the first half of 2012 as compared to $11.9 million during the same period in 2011. These decreases in exploration costs were partially offset by an increase of $1.1 million in geology related general and administrative expenses in the first six months of 2012.
Impairment expense in the first half of 2012 and 2011 primarily related to the amortization of leasehold costs associated with individually insignificant unproved properties, and such amortization resulted in impairment expense of $26.6 million for the first half of 2012 as compared to $15.2 million in the first half of 2011. In addition, acreage costs of $5.6 million were written-off to impairment expense in the first half of 2012 for leases that had reached their expiration dates but where no wells had been drilled on such acreage.
General and Administrative Expenses. We report general and administrative expenses net of third-party reimbursements and internal allocations. The components of our general and administrative expenses were as follows (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
General and administrative expenses
|
$ | 102,219 | $ | 71,434 | ||||
Reimbursements and allocations
|
(42,642 | ) | (32,108 | ) | ||||
General and administrative expense, net
|
$ | 59,577 | $ | 39,326 |
General and administrative expense before reimbursements and allocations increased $30.8 million to $102.2 million during the first half of 2012 as compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to higher employee compensation, an increase in accrued Production Participation Plan (the “Plan”) distributions and a $3.9 million increase in professional fees and information technology costs. Employee compensation increased $11.9 million in the first half of 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011 due to personnel hired during the past twelve months, general pay increases and higher stock compensation between periods. In addition, accrued distributions under the Plan increased general and administrative expenses by $10.7 million when comparing the first half of 2012 to the same period in 2011. Of this increase in general and administrative expenses related to Plan distributions, $8.6 million related to the Trust II net profits interest divestiture, and $2.1 million related to a higher level of Plan net revenues (which have been reduced by lease operating expenses and production taxes pursuant to the Plan formula).
The increase in reimbursements and allocations for the first half of 2012 was primarily caused by higher salary costs and a greater number of field workers on operated properties. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales increased from 4% in the first half of 2011 to 6% in the first half of 2012.
Interest Expense. The components of our interest expense were as follows (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Senior Subordinated Notes
|
$ | 20,125 | $ | 20,125 | ||||
Credit agreement
|
12,918 | 6,988 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount
|
4,692 | 4,241 | ||||||
Other
|
58 | 55 | ||||||
Capitalized interest
|
(1,432 | ) | (1,672 | ) | ||||
Total
|
$ | 36,361 | $ | 29,737 |
The increase in interest expense of $6.6 million between periods was mainly attributable to a $5.9 million increase in the amount of interest incurred on our credit agreement during the first half of 2012 as compared to the first half of 2011. Our credit agreement interest was higher in 2012 due to a greater amount of borrowings outstanding under this facility. Our weighted average debt outstanding during the first half of 2012 was $1,491.5 million versus $1,019.9 million for the first half of 2011. Our weighted average effective cash interest rate was 4.4% during the first half of 2012 compared to 5.3% during the first half of 2011.
Commodity Derivative (Gain) Loss, Net. All of our commodity derivative contracts as well as our embedded derivatives are marked-to-market each quarter with fair value gains and losses recognized immediately in earnings, as commodity derivative (gain) loss, net. Cash flow, however, is only impacted to the extent that settlements under these contracts result in making or receiving a payment from the counterparty, and only cash settlement gains and losses on commodity derivatives, that are not embedded derivatives, are recorded immediately to earnings as commodity derivative (gain) loss, net. The components of commodity derivative (gain) loss, net were as follows (in thousands):
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts
|
$ | (91,484 | ) | $ | (3,115 | ) | ||
Realized cash settlement losses
|
20,862 | 23,935 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | (70,622 | ) | $ | 20,820 |
With respect to our open derivative contracts at June 30, 2012 and 2011, the futures curve of forecasted commodity prices (“forward price curve”) for crude oil generally exceeded the forward price curves that were in effect when the majority of these contracts were entered into, resulting in a net fair value liability position at the end of each respective period. The change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts in the first half of 2012 resulted in a $91.5 million gain in such net liability position due to the significant downward shift in the forward price curve for NYMEX crude oil from January 1 to June 30, 2012. The change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts in 2011 resulted in a $3.1 million gain due to a less significant downward shift in the same forward price curve from January 1 to June 30, 2011.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense totaled $149.4 million for the first six months of 2012 as compared to $127.2 million of income tax for the first six months of 2011, an increase of $22.2 million that was mainly related to $49.0 million in higher pre-tax income between periods. In addition, our effective income tax rate increased from 36.4% for the first half of 2011 to 37.5% for the first half of 2012. This change in our effective income tax rate was primarily attributable to a reduction in the North Dakota state income tax rate that was signed into law in April 2011. The new tax rate enacted in North Dakota resulted in a reduction of our deferred tax liabilities and a related income tax benefit being recognized in the second quarter of 2011. Our effective tax rates for the periods ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 differ from the U.S. statutory income tax rate primarily due to the effects of state income taxes and permanent taxable differences.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2012 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Net production:
|
||||||||
Oil (MMBbls)
|
6.3 | 4.8 | ||||||
Natural gas (Bcf)
|
6.4 | 6.3 | ||||||
Total production (MMBOE)
|
7.3 | 5.8 | ||||||
Net sales (in millions):
|
||||||||
Oil (1)
|
$ | 472.0 | $ | 442.8 | ||||
Natural gas (1)
|
20.8 | 31.1 | ||||||
Total oil and natural gas sales
|
$ | 492.8 | $ | 473.9 | ||||
Average sales prices:
|
||||||||
Oil (per Bbl)
|
$ | 75.16 | $ | 92.50 | ||||
Effect of oil hedges on average price (per Bbl)
|
(1.19 | ) | (3.40 | ) | ||||
Oil net of hedging (per Bbl)
|
$ | 73.97 | $ | 89.10 | ||||
Average NYMEX price (per Bbl)
|
$ | 93.51 | $ | 102.55 | ||||
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
$ | 3.25 | $ | 4.94 | ||||
Effect of natural gas hedges on average price (per Mcf)
|
0.06 | 0.03 | ||||||
Natural gas net of hedging (per Mcf)
|
$ | 3.31 | $ | 4.97 | ||||
Average NYMEX price (per Mcf)
|
$ | 2.21 | $ | 4.32 | ||||
Cost and expenses (per BOE):
|
||||||||
Lease operating expenses
|
$ | 12.19 | $ | 12.65 | ||||
Production taxes
|
$ | 5.55 | $ | 5.87 | ||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense
|
$ | 21.87 | $ | 18.89 | ||||
General and administrative expenses
|
$ | 3.43 | $ | 3.58 |
_____________________
(1)
|
Before consideration of hedging transactions.
|
Oil and Natural Gas Sales. Our oil and natural gas sales revenue increased $18.9 million to $492.8 million in the second quarter of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011. Sales are a function of oil and gas volumes sold and average commodity prices realized. Our oil sales volumes increased 31% between periods, while our natural gas sales volumes increased 1%. The oil and gas volume increases resulted primarily from drilling success at our Sanish and Parshall fields and Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects. During the second quarter of 2012, oil production from our Sanish and Parshall fields increased 880 MBbl, while oil production from our Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects increased 615 MBbl over the same period in 2011. During the second quarter of 2012, gas production at our Lewis & Clark/Pronghorn prospects increased 465 MMcf, and gas production at our Sanish and Parshall fields increased 385 MMcf compared to the second quarter of 2011. These production increases were partially offset by the Trust II divestiture, which decreased oil production by 320 MBOE and decreased gas production by 615 MMcf in the second quarter of 2012.
Partially offsetting the increase in oil and gas sales revenue in the second quarter of 2012 resulting from higher overall production volumes, were decreases in the average sales prices realized for oil and natural gas from the second quarter of 2011 to the second quarter of 2012. Our average price for oil before the effects of hedging decreased 19% between periods, and our average price for natural gas before the effects of hedging decreased 34%. These price decreases were mainly due to lower average NYMEX prices in the second quarter of 2012 versus the second quarter of 2011.
Gain (Loss) on Hedging Activities. Our gain on hedging activities decreased $1.6 million in 2012 as compared to the second quarter of 2011, and it consisted of the following (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Gains reclassified from AOCI on de-designated hedges
|
$ | 759 | $ | 2,391 |
Effective April 1, 2009, we elected to de-designate all of our commodity derivative contracts that had been previously designated as cash flow hedges, and we elected to discontinue all hedge accounting prospectively. Accordingly, each period we reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) into earnings unrealized gains (which were frozen in AOCI on the April 1, 2009 de-designation date) upon the expiration of these de-designated crude oil hedges, and we report such non-cash unrealized gains as gain on hedging activities.
See Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” for a list of our outstanding oil and natural gas derivatives as of July 16, 2012.
Lease Operating Expenses. Our lease operating expenses (“LOE”) during the second quarter of 2012 were $89.5 million, a $15.7 million increase over the same period in 2011. This rise in LOE in 2012 was mainly related to increases in the cost of oil field goods and services and gas plant operating expenses, both of which were associated with net wells we added during the last twelve months.
Our lease operating expenses on a BOE basis, however, decreased to $12.19 during the second quarter of 2012 from $12.65 during the second quarter of 2011. This decrease of 4% on a BOE basis is primarily attributable to the increase in overall production volumes between periods.
Production Taxes. Our production taxes during the second quarter of 2012 were $40.8 million, a $6.5 million increase over the same period in 2011, which increase was primarily due to higher oil and natural gas sales between periods. However, our production taxes are generally calculated as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales revenue before the effects of hedging, and this percentage on a company-wide basis was 8.3% and 7.2% for the second quarter of 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our production tax rate for the second quarter of 2012 was greater than the rate for the same period in 2011 due to successful wells completed during the past twelve months in the North Dakota Bakken area, which has an 11.5% production tax rate. In addition, we take advantage of credits and exemptions allowed in our various taxing jurisdictions.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Our depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) expense increased $50.3 million in 2012 as compared to the second quarter of 2011. The components of our DD&A expense were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Depletion
|
$ | 157,998 | $ | 107,622 | ||||
Depreciation
|
863 | 633 | ||||||
Accretion of asset retirement obligations
|
1,728 | 1,995 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 160,589 | $ | 110,250 |
DD&A increased in the second quarter of 2012 primarily due to $50.4 million in higher depletion expense between periods. This increase was the result of $32.5 million in higher depletion due to a rise in overall production volumes during the second quarter of 2012 and $17.9 million in higher depletion due to an increase in our depletion rate between periods. On a BOE basis, our DD&A rate of $21.87 for the second quarter of 2012 was 16% higher than the rate of $18.89 for the same period in 2011. The higher DD&A rate was mainly due to $1,806.7 million in drilling and development expenditures during the past twelve months, which were partially offset by reserve additions during this same time period.
Exploration and Impairment Costs. Our exploration and impairment costs increased $7.7 million in the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the second quarter of 2011. The components of our exploration and impairment costs were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Exploration
|
$ | 13,511 | $ | 12,367 | ||||
Impairment
|
14,391 | 7,804 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 27,902 | $ | 20,171 |
Exploration costs increased $1.1 million during the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to an increase in geological and geophysical (“G&G”) activity. G&G costs, such as seismic studies, amounted to $8.2 million during the second quarter of 2012 as compared to $5.3 million during the same period in 2011. This increase in exploration costs was partially offset by a decrease of $1.4 million in exploratory dry hole costs between periods.
Impairment expense in the second quarter of 2012 and 2011 primarily related to the amortization of leasehold costs associated with individually insignificant unproved properties, and such amortization resulted in impairment expense of $13.8 million for the second quarter of 2012 as compared to $7.6 million in the second quarter of 2011.
General and Administrative Expenses. We report general and administrative expenses net of third-party reimbursements and internal allocations. The components of our general and administrative expenses were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
General and administrative expenses
|
$ | 47,910 | $ | 37,446 | ||||
Reimbursements and allocations
|
(22,701 | ) | (16,533 | ) | ||||
General and administrative expense, net
|
$ | 25,209 | $ | 20,913 |
General and administrative expense before reimbursements and allocations increased $10.5 million to $47.9 million during the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to higher employee compensation and a $1.8 million increase in professional fees and information technology costs. Employee compensation increased $5.8 million in the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the first quarter of 2012 due to personnel hired during the past twelve months, general pay increases and higher stock compensation between periods.
The increase in reimbursements and allocations for the second quarter of 2012 was primarily caused by higher salary costs and a greater number of field workers on operated properties. Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of oil and natural gas sales increased from 4% in the second quarter of 2011 to 5% in the second quarter of 2012.
Interest Expense. The components of our interest expense were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Senior Subordinated Notes
|
$ | 10,063 | $ | 10,063 | ||||
Credit agreement
|
6,117 | 3,795 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issue costs and debt discount
|
2,350 | 2,114 | ||||||
Other
|
45 | 37 | ||||||
Capitalized interest
|
(670 | ) | (730 | ) | ||||
Total
|
$ | 17,905 | $ | 15,279 |
The increase in interest expense of $2.6 million between periods was mainly attributable to a $2.3 million increase in the amount of interest incurred on our credit agreement during the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the second quarter of 2011. Our credit agreement interest was higher in 2012 due to a greater amount of borrowings outstanding under this facility. Our weighted average debt outstanding during the second quarter of 2012 was $1,438.5 million versus $1,107.7 million for the second quarter of 2011. Our weighted average effective cash interest rate was 4.5% during the second quarter of 2012 compared to 5.0% during the second quarter of 2011.
Commodity Derivative (Gain) Loss, Net. All of our commodity derivative contracts as well as our embedded derivatives are marked-to-market each quarter with fair value gains and losses recognized immediately in earnings, as commodity derivative (gain) loss, net. Cash flow is only impacted to the extent that settlements under these contracts result in making or receiving a payment from the counterparty, and only realized cash settlement gains and losses on commodity derivatives, that are not embedded derivatives, are recorded immediately to earnings as commodity derivative (gain) loss, net. The components of commodity derivative (gain) loss, net were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
||||||||
2012
|
2011
|
|||||||
Change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts
|
$ | (107,156 | ) | $ | (129,723 | ) | ||
Realized cash settlement losses
|
7,131 | 16,105 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | (100,025 | ) | $ | (113,618 | ) |
With respect to our open derivative contracts at June 30, 2012 and 2011, the futures curve of forecasted commodity prices (“forward price curve”) for crude oil generally exceeded the forward price curves that were in effect when the majority of these contracts were entered into, resulting in a net fair value liability position at the end of each respective period. The change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts in the second quarter of 2012 resulted in a $107.2 million gain in such net liability position due to the significant downward shift in the forward price curve for NYMEX crude oil from April 1 to June 30, 2012. The change in unrealized (gains) losses on derivative contracts in 2011 resulted in a $129.7 million gain due to a more significant downward shift in the same forward price curve from April 1 to June 30, 2011.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense totaled $90.4 million for the second quarter of 2012 as compared to $114.4 million of income tax for the second quarter of 2011, a decrease of $23.9 million that was mainly related to $76.2 million in lower pre-tax income between periods. Offsetting this decrease in tax expense related to lower pre-tax income, however, was an increase in our overall effective tax rate from 36.0% for the second quarter of 2011 to 37.5% for the second quarter of 2012. This change in our effective income tax rate was primarily attributable to a reduction in the North Dakota state income tax rate that was signed into law in April 2011. The new tax rate enacted in North Dakota resulted in a reduction of our deferred tax liabilities and a related income tax benefit being recognized in the second quarter of 2011. Our effective tax rates for the periods ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 differ from the U.S. statutory income tax rate primarily due to the effects of state income taxes and permanent taxable differences.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview. At June 30, 2012, our debt to total capitalization ratio was 30.3%, we had $6.8 million of cash on hand and $3,271.6 million of equity. At December 31, 2011, our debt to total capitalization ratio was 31.4%, we had $15.8 million of cash on hand and $3,020.9 million of equity. In the first half of 2012, we generated $635.2 million of cash provided by operating activities, an increase of $47.0 million over the same period in 2011. Cash provided by operating activities increased primarily due to higher crude oil production volumes in the first half of 2012. This positive factor was partially offset by lower realized sales prices for oil and natural gas and lower natural gas production volumes in the first half of 2012, as well as increased lease operating expenses, production taxes, general and administrative and cash interest expense during the first half of 2012 as compared to the same period in 2011. Cash flows from operating activities plus $323.0 million of proceeds from the sale of Trust II units, $68.4 million in proceeds from the sale of oil and gas properties and $40.0 million in net borrowings under our credit agreement were used to finance $979.5 million of drilling and development expenditures and $89.9 million of cash acquisition capital expenditures paid in the first six months of 2012. The following chart details our exploration, development and undeveloped acreage expenditures incurred by region during the first six months of 2012 (in thousands):
Drilling and Development Expenditures(1)
|
Undeveloped Leasehold Expenditures
|
Exploration Expenditures
|
Total Expenditures
|
% of Total
|
||||||||||||||||
Rocky Mountains
|
$ | 644,699 | (2) | $ | 67,871 | $ | 12,248 | $ | 724,818 | 74 | % | |||||||||
Permian Basin
|
194,245 | 3,088 | 7,844 | 205,177 | 21 | % | ||||||||||||||
Mid-Continent
|
36,738 | - | 948 | 37,686 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||
Gulf Coast
|
2,606 | 9,871 | 2,115 | 14,592 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||
Michigan
|
1,577 | 7 | 99 | 1,683 | - | % | ||||||||||||||
Total incurred
|
879,865 | 80,837 | 23,254 | 983,956 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||
Decrease in accrued capital expenditures
|
33,192 | - | - | 33,192 | ||||||||||||||||
Total paid
|
$ | 913,057 | $ | 80,837 | $ | 23,254 | $ | 1,017,148 |
_____________________
(1)
|
For purposes of this schedule, exploratory dry hole costs of $0.3 million are excluded from drilling and development expenditures as reported on the statement of cash flows and instead have been included in exploration expenditures above.
|
(2)
|
Proceeds from the sale of the Belfield gas plant of $66.2 million have been included above as a reduction to drilling and development expenditures in the Rocky Mountains region.
|
We continually evaluate our capital needs and compare them to our capital resources. Our current 2012 capital budget is $1,900.0 million, which we expect to fund substantially with net cash provided by our operating activities, oil and gas property divestitures, and borrowings under our credit facility. This represents a 3% increase from the $1,840.2 million incurred on exploration, development and acreage expenditures during 2011. We have increased our 2012 capital budget from our actual level of 2011 expenditures in response to higher crude oil production volumes projected for 2012 and our development of projects expected to generate attractive rates of return. We expect to allocate $1,522.0 million of our 2012 budget to exploration and development activity, $163.0 million for undeveloped acreage and $215.0 million for facilities. Although we have only budgeted $163.0 million for undeveloped leaseholds in 2012, we will continue to selectively pursue property acquisitions that complement our existing core property base. We believe that should additional attractive acquisition opportunities arise or exploration and development expenditures exceed $1,900.0 million, we will be able to finance additional capital expenditures with cash on hand, cash flows from operating activities, borrowings under our credit agreement, issuances of additional debt or equity securities, agreements with industry partners or divestitures of certain oil and gas property interests. Our level of exploration, development and acreage expenditures is largely discretionary, and the amount of funds devoted to any particular activity may increase or decrease significantly depending on available opportunities, commodity prices, cash flows and development results, among other factors. We believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to execute our business plans over the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future. In addition, with our expected cash flow streams, commodity price hedging strategies, current liquidity levels, access to debt and equity markets and flexibility to modify future capital expenditure programs, we expect to be able to fund all planned capital programs and debt repayments; comply with our debt covenants; and meet other obligations that may arise from our oil and gas operations.
Credit Agreement. Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation (“Whiting Oil and Gas”), our wholly-owned subsidiary, has a credit agreement with a syndicate of banks that as of June 30, 2012 had a borrowing base of $1.5 billion with $677.6 million of available borrowing capacity, which was net of $820.0 million in borrowings and $2.4 million in letters of credit outstanding.
The borrowing base under the credit agreement is determined at the discretion of the lenders, based on the collateral value of our proved reserves that have been mortgaged to the lenders, and is subject to regular redeterminations on May 1 and November 1 of each year, as well as special redeterminations described in the credit agreement, in each case which may reduce the amount of the borrowing base. A portion of the revolving credit facility in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50.0 million may be used to issue letters of credit for the account of Whiting Oil and Gas or other designated subsidiaries of ours. As of June 30, 2012, $47.6 million was available for additional letters of credit under the agreement.
The credit agreement provides for interest only payments until April 2016, when the entire amount borrowed is due. Interest accrues at our option at either (i) a base rate for a base rate loan plus the margin in the table below, where the base rate is defined as the greatest of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or an adjusted LIBOR rate plus 1.00%, or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate for a Eurodollar loan plus the margin in the table below. Additionally, we also incur commitment fees as set forth in the table below on the unused portion of the lesser of the aggregate commitments of the lenders or the borrowing base.
Ratio of Outstanding Borrowings to Borrowing Base
|
Applicable Margin for Base Rate Loans
|
Applicable Margin for Eurodollar Loans
|
Commitment Fee
|
|||
Less than 0.25 to 1.0
|
0.50%
|
1.50%
|
0.375%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.25 to 1.0 but less than 0.50 to 1.0
|
0.75%
|
1.75%
|
0.375%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.50 to 1.0 but less than 0.75 to 1.0
|
1.00%
|
2.00%
|
0.50%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.75 to 1.0 but less than 0.90 to 1.0
|
1.25%
|
2.25%
|
0.50%
|
|||
Greater than or equal to 0.90 to 1.0
|
1.50%
|
2.50%
|
0.50%
|
The credit agreement contains restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets, make loans to others, make investments, enter into mergers, enter into hedging contracts, incur liens and engage in certain other transactions without the prior consent of our lenders. Except for limited exceptions, which include the payment of dividends on our 6.25% convertible perpetual preferred stock, the credit agreement also restricts our ability to make any dividend payments or distributions on our common stock. These restrictions apply to all of the net assets of Whiting Oil and Gas. The credit agreement requires us, as of the last day of any quarter, (i) to not exceed a total debt to the last four quarters’ EBITDAX ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of 4.25 to 1.0 for quarters ending prior to and on December 31, 2012 and 4.0 to 1.0 for the quarters ending March 31, 2013 and thereafter and (ii) to have a consolidated current assets to consolidated current liabilities ratio (as defined in the credit agreement and which includes an add back of the available borrowing capacity under the credit agreement) of not less than 1.0 to 1.0. We were in compliance with our covenants under the credit agreement as of June 30, 2012.
For further information on the interest rates and loan security related to our credit agreement, refer to the Long-Term Debt footnote in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Senior Subordinated Notes. In September 2010, we issued at par $350.0 million of 6.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due October 2018. In October 2005, we issued at par $250.0 million of 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due February 2014.
The indentures governing the notes restrict us from incurring additional indebtedness, subject to certain exceptions, unless our fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the indentures) is at least 2.0 to 1. If we were in violation of this covenant, then we may not be able to incur additional indebtedness, including under Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation’s credit agreement. Additionally, the indentures governing the notes contain restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other things, pay cash dividends, redeem or repurchase our capital stock or our subordinated debt, make investments or issue preferred stock, sell assets, consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of ours and our restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole and enter into hedging contracts. These covenants may potentially limit the discretion of our management in certain respects. We were in compliance with these covenants as of June 30, 2012. However, a substantial or extended decline in oil or natural gas prices may adversely affect our ability to comply with these covenants in the future.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Schedule of Contractual Obligations. The table below does not include our Production Participation Plan liability of $111.3 million (which amount comprises both the long and short-term portions of this obligation) as of June 30, 2012, since we cannot determine with accuracy the timing or amounts of future payments other than the short-term portion. The following table summarizes our obligations and commitments as of June 30, 2012 to make future payments under certain contracts, aggregated by category of contractual obligation, for specified time periods (in thousands):
Payments due by period
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations
|
Total
|
Less than 1 year
|
1-3 years
|
3-5 years
|
More than 5 years
|
|||||||||||||||
Long-term debt (a)
|
$ | 1,420,000 | $ | - | $ | 250,000 | $ | 820,000 | $ | 350,000 | ||||||||||
Cash interest expense on debt (b)
|
241,382 | 59,100 | 93,408 | 60,436 | 28,438 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative contract liability fair value (c)
|
40,449 | 23,364 | 17,085 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Asset retirement obligations (d)
|
66,442 | 11,258 | 4,713 | 4,816 | 45,655 | |||||||||||||||
Tax sharing liability (e)
|
23,803 | 1,526 | 22,277 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Purchase obligations (f)
|
725,070 | 51,946 | 164,758 | 205,286 | 303,080 | |||||||||||||||
Drilling rig contracts (g)
|
230,889 | 99,235 | 124,310 | 7,344 | - | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases (h)
|
16,750 | 5,743 | 5,690 | 2,397 | 2,920 | |||||||||||||||
Total
|
$ | 2,764,785 | $ | 252,172 | $ | 682,241 | $ | 1,100,279 | $ | 730,093 |
_____________________
(a)
|
Long-term debt consists of the 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014, the 6.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2018 and the outstanding borrowings under our credit agreement due in 2016, and assumes no principal repayment until the due dates of these instruments.
|
(b)
|
Cash interest expense on the 7% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2014 and the 6.5% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2018 is estimated assuming no principal repayment until the due dates of these instruments. Cash interest expense on the credit agreement is estimated assuming no principal repayment until the 2016 instrument due date and is estimated at a fixed interest rate of 2.3%.
|
(c)
|
The above derivative obligation at June 30, 2012 primarily consists of (i) a $32.3 million fair value liability for derivative contracts we have entered into on our own behalf, primarily in the form of costless collars, to hedge our exposure to crude oil price fluctuations; (ii) a $2.3 million payable to Whiting USA Trust I (“Trust I”) for derivative contracts that we have entered into but have in turn conveyed to Trust I (although these derivatives are in a fair value asset position at quarter end, 75.8% of such derivative assets are due to Trust I under the terms of the conveyance); and (iii) a $5.8 million payable to Trust II for derivative contracts that we have entered into but have in turn conveyed to Trust II (although these derivatives are also in a fair value asset position at quarter end, 90% of such derivative assets are due to Trust II under the terms of the conveyance). With respect to our open derivative contracts at June 30, 2012 with certain counterparties, the forward price curve for crude oil generally exceeded the price curve that was in effect when these contracts were entered into, resulting in a derivative fair value liability. If current market prices are higher than a collar’s price ceiling when the cash settlement amount is calculated, we are required to pay the contract counterparties. The ultimate settlement amounts under our derivative contracts are unknown, however, as they are subject to continuing market risk and commodity price volatility.
|
(d)
|
Asset retirement obligations represent the present value of estimated amounts expected to be incurred in the future to plug and abandon oil and gas wells, remediate oil and gas properties and dismantle their related facilities.
|
(e)
|
Amounts shown represent the present value of estimated payments due to Alliant Energy based on projected future income tax benefits attributable to an increase in our tax bases. As a result of the Tax Separation and Indemnification Agreement signed with Alliant Energy, the increased tax bases are expected to result in increased future income tax deductions and, accordingly, may reduce income taxes otherwise payable by us. Under this agreement, we have agreed to pay Alliant Energy 90% of the future tax benefits we realize annually as a result of this step up in tax basis for the years ending on or prior to December 31, 2013. In 2014, we will be obligated to pay Alliant Energy the present value of the remaining tax benefits assuming all such tax benefits will be realized in future years.
|
(f)
|
We have four take-or-pay purchase agreements, two agreements expiring in December 2014, one agreement expiring in December 2017 and one agreement expiring in December 2029, whereby we have committed to buy certain volumes of CO2 for use in enhanced recovery projects at our Postle field in Oklahoma and our North Ward Estes field in Texas. The purchase agreements are with three different suppliers. Under the terms of the agreements, we are obligated to purchase a minimum daily volume of CO2 (as calculated on an annual basis) or else pay for any deficiencies at the price in effect when the minimum delivery was to have occurred. In addition, we have two ship-or-pay agreements with two different parties, one expiring in June 2013 and one expiring in December 2017, whereby we have committed to transport a minimum daily volume of CO2 via certain pipelines or else pay for any deficiencies at a price stipulated in the contract. The CO2 volumes planned for use in the enhanced recovery projects in the Postle and North Ward Estes fields currently exceed the minimum daily volumes specified in these agreements. Therefore, we expect to avoid any payments for deficiencies. The purchasing obligations reported above represent our minimum financial commitment pursuant to the terms of these contracts. However, our actual expenditures under these contracts are expected to exceed the minimum commitments presented above.
|
(g)
|
We have 13 drilling rigs under long-term contract, of which two drilling rigs expire in 2012, two in 2013, six in 2014 and three in 2015. All of these rigs are operating in the Rocky Mountains region. As of June 30, 2012, early termination of the remaining contracts would require termination penalties of $176.9 million, which would be in lieu of paying the remaining drilling commitments of $230.9 million. No other drilling rigs working for us are currently under long-term contracts or contracts that cannot be terminated at the end of the well that is currently being drilled. Due to the short-term and indeterminate nature of the time remaining on rigs drilling on a well-by-well basis, such obligations have not been included in this table.
|
(h)
|
We lease 135,026 square feet of administrative office space in Denver, Colorado under an operating lease arrangement expiring in 2013, 46,300 square feet of office space in Midland, Texas expiring in 2020 and 20,000 square feet of office space in Dickinson, North Dakota expiring in 2016. In addition, we entered into a lease for several residential apartments in Watford City, North Dakota under an operating lease agreement expiring in 2015.
|
Based on current oil and natural gas prices and anticipated levels of production, we believe that the estimated net cash generated from operations, together with cash on hand and amounts available under our credit agreement, will be adequate to meet future liquidity needs, including satisfying our financial obligations and funding our operations and exploration and development activities.
New Accounting Pronouncements
For further information on the effects of recently adopted accounting pronouncements and the potential effects of new accounting pronouncements, refer to the Adopted and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements footnote in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Information regarding critical accounting policies and estimates is contained in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.
Effects of Inflation and Pricing
We experienced increased costs during 2011 and the first half of 2012 due to increased demand for oil field products and services. The oil and gas industry is very cyclical and the demand for goods and services of oil field companies, suppliers and others associated with the industry put extreme pressure on the economic stability and pricing structure within the industry. Typically, as prices for oil and natural gas increase, so do all associated costs. Conversely, in a period of declining prices, associated cost declines are likely to lag and not adjust downward in proportion to prices. Material changes in prices also impact the current revenue stream, estimates of future reserves, borrowing base calculations of bank loans, depletion expense, impairment assessments of oil and gas properties, and values of properties in purchase and sale transactions. Material changes in prices can impact the value of oil and gas companies and their ability to raise capital, borrow money and retain personnel. While we do not currently expect business costs to materially increase, higher prices for oil and natural gas could result in increases in the costs of materials, services and personnel.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains statements that we believe to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than historical facts, including, without limitation, statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, projected revenues, earnings, costs, capital expenditures and debt levels, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this report, words such as we “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe” or “should” or the negative thereof or variations thereon or similar terminology are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such statements.
These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: declines in oil or natural gas prices; our level of success in exploration, development and production activities; adverse weather conditions that may negatively impact development or production activities; the timing of our exploration and development expenditures; our ability to obtain sufficient quantities of CO2 necessary to carry out our enhanced oil recovery projects; inaccuracies of our reserve estimates or our assumptions underlying them; revisions to reserve estimates as a result of changes in commodity prices; risks related to our level of indebtedness and periodic redeterminations of the borrowing base under our credit agreement; our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to meet the internally funded portion of our capital expenditures budget; our ability to obtain external capital to finance exploration and development operations and acquisitions; federal and state initiatives relating to the regulation of hydraulic fracturing; the potential impact of federal debt reduction initiatives and tax reform legislation being considered by the U.S. Federal government that could have a negative effect on the oil and gas industry; impacts of the global recession and tight credit markets; our ability to identify and complete acquisitions and to successfully integrate acquired businesses; unforeseen underperformance of or liabilities associated with acquired properties; our ability to successfully complete potential asset dispositions; the impacts of hedging on our results of operations; failure of our properties to yield oil or gas in commercially viable quantities; uninsured or underinsured losses resulting from our oil and gas operations; our inability to access oil and gas markets due to market conditions or operational impediments; the impact and costs of compliance with laws and regulations governing our oil and gas operations; our ability to replace our oil and natural gas reserves; any loss of our senior management or technical personnel; competition in the oil and gas industry in the regions in which we operate; risks arising out of our hedging transactions; and other risks described under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2011. We assume no obligation, and disclaim any duty, to update the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 3.
|
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
|
Commodity Price Risk
Our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk for changes in commodity prices and interest rates are included in Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 and have not materially changed since that report was filed.
Commodity Derivative Contracts—Our outstanding hedges as of July 16, 2012 are summarized below:
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
Commodity
|
Period
|
Monthly Volume (Bbl)
|
Weighted Average NYMEX Floor/Ceiling
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2012 to 09/2012
|
1,150,000
|
$68.85/$106.48
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2012 to 12/2012
|
1,150,000
|
$68.85/$106.48
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
01/2013 to 03/2013
|
290,000
|
$47.67/$90.21
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
04/2013 to 06/2013
|
290,000
|
$47.67/$90.21
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2013 to 09/2013
|
290,000
|
$47.67/$90.21
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2013
|
290,000
|
$47.67/$90.21
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
11/2013
|
190,000
|
$47.22/$85.06
|
In connection with our conveyance on April 30, 2008 of a term net profits interest to Whiting USA Trust I (“Trust I”), the rights to any future hedge payments we make or receive on certain of our derivative contracts, representing 212 MBbls of crude oil and 770 MMcf of natural gas in 2012, have been conveyed to Trust I, and therefore such payments will be included in Trust I’s calculation of net proceeds. Under the terms of the aforementioned conveyance, we retain 10% of the net proceeds from the underlying properties. Our retention of 10% of these net proceeds combined with our ownership of 2,186,389 Trust I units, results in third-party public holders of Trust I units receiving 75.8%, while we retain 24.2%, of future economic results of such hedges. No additional hedges are allowed to be placed on Trust I assets.
The table below summarizes all of the outstanding costless collars that we entered into and then in turn conveyed, as described in the preceding paragraph, to Trust I (of which we retain 24.2% of the future economic results and third-party public holders of Trust I units receive 75.8% of the future economic results):
Conveyed to Whiting USA Trust I
Commodity
|
Period
|
Monthly Volume (Bbl)/(Mcf)
|
Weighted Average NYMEX Floor/Ceiling
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2012 to 09/2012
|
35,742
|
$74.00/$141.70
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2012 to 12/2012
|
35,028
|
$74.00/$142.21
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
07/2012 to 09/2012
|
130,173
|
$6.00/$14.45
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
10/2012 to 12/2012
|
126,613
|
$7.00/$13.40
|
In connection with our conveyance on March 28, 2012 of a term net profits interest to Whiting USA Trust II (“Trust II”), the rights to any future hedge payments we make or receive on certain of our derivative contracts, representing 1,314 MBbls of crude oil from 2012 through 2014, have been conveyed to Trust II, and therefore such payments will be included in Trust II’s calculation of net proceeds. Under the terms of the aforementioned conveyance, we retain 10% of the net proceeds from the underlying properties. This results in third-party public holders of Trust II units receiving 90%, while we retain 10%, of the future economic results of such hedges. No additional hedges are allowed to be placed on Trust II assets.
The table below summarizes all of the outstanding costless collars that we entered into and then in turn conveyed, as described in the preceding paragraph, to Trust II (of which we retain 10% of the future economic results and third-party public holders of Trust II units receive 90% of the future economic results):
Conveyed to Whiting USA Trust II
Commodity
|
Period
|
Monthly Volume (Bbl)
|
NYMEX Floor/Ceiling
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2012 to 09/2012
|
47,900
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2012 to 12/2012
|
46,800
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
01/2013 to 03/2013
|
45,600
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
04/2013 to 06/2013
|
45,500
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2013 to 09/2013
|
44,500
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2013 to 12/2013
|
43,400
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
01/2014 to 03/2014
|
42,500
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
04/2014 to 06/2014
|
41,500
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
07/2014 to 09/2014
|
40,600
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
|||
Crude Oil
|
10/2014 to 12/2014
|
39,700
|
$80.00/$122.50
|
The collared hedges shown above have the effect of providing a protective floor while allowing us to share in upward pricing movements. Consequently, while these hedges are designed to decrease our exposure to price decreases, they also have the effect of limiting the benefit of price increases above the ceiling. For the crude oil hedges outstanding as of June 30, 2012, a hypothetical upward or downward shift of $10.00 per Bbl in the NYMEX forward curve as of June 30, 2012 would cause a decrease or increase, respectively, of $41.0 million in our commodity derivative (gain) loss. For the natural gas hedges outstanding as of June 30, 2012, a hypothetical $1.00 per Mcf upward or downward shift in the NYMEX forward curve as of June 30, 2012 would cause a decrease or increase, respectively, in our commodity derivative (gain) loss of $0.2 million.
We have various fixed price gas sales contracts with end users for a portion of the natural gas we produce in Colorado, Michigan and Utah. Our estimated future production volumes to be sold under these fixed price contracts as of July 16, 2012 are summarized below:
Commodity
|
Period
|
Monthly Volume (MMBtu)
|
Weighted Average Price Per MMBtu
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
07/2012 to 09/2012
|
465,630
|
$5.41
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
10/2012 to 12/2012
|
398,667
|
$5.46
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
01/2013 to 03/2013
|
360,000
|
$5.47
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
04/2013 to 06/2013
|
364,000
|
$5.47
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
07/2013 to 09/2013
|
368,000
|
$5.47
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
10/2013 to 12/2013
|
368,000
|
$5.47
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
01/2014 to 03/2014
|
330,000
|
$5.49
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
04/2014 to 06/2014
|
333,667
|
$5.49
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
07/2014 to 09/2014
|
337,333
|
$5.49
|
|||
Natural Gas
|
10/2014 to 12/2014
|
337,333
|
$5.49
|
Embedded Commodity Derivative Contracts—The price we pay for oil field products and services significantly impacts our profitability, reserve estimates, access to capital and future growth rate. Typically, as prices for oil and natural gas increase, so do all associated costs. We have entered into certain contracts for oil field goods and services with price adjustment clauses that are linked to changes in NYMEX crude oil prices to reduce our exposure to paying higher than the market rates for these goods and services in a climate of declining oil prices. We have determined that the portions of these contracts linked to NYMEX oil prices are not clearly and closely related to the host contracts, and we have therefore bifurcated these embedded pricing features from their host contracts and reflected them at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. These embedded commodity derivative contracts have not been designated as hedges, and therefore all changes in fair value since inception have been recorded immediately to earnings.
As of June 30, 2012, we had two contracts with drilling rig companies, whereby the rig day rates increased or decreased along with changes in the price of NYMEX crude oil. These drilling rig contracts have termination dates of April 2014 and September 2014. For these embedded commodity derivative contracts, a hypothetical upward or downward shift of $10.00 per Bbl in the NYMEX forward curve as of June 30, 2012 would cause a decrease or increase, respectively, of $0.8 million in our commodity derivative (gain) loss.
In May 2011, we entered into a long-term contract to purchase CO2 from 2015 through 2029 for use in our enhanced oil recovery project at our North Ward Estes field in Texas. The price per Mcf of CO2 purchased under this agreement increases or decreases as the average price of NYMEX crude oil likewise increases or decreases. For this embedded commodity derivative contract, a hypothetical upward or downward shift of $10.00 per Bbl in the NYMEX forward curve as of June 30, 2012 would cause a decrease or increase, respectively, of $14.5 million in our commodity derivative (gain) loss.
Item 4.
|
Controls and Procedures
|
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2012. Based upon their evaluation of these disclosures controls and procedures, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2012 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
|
Legal Proceedings
|
Whiting is subject to litigation claims and governmental and regulatory proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. It is management’s opinion that all claims and litigation we are involved in are not likely to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
Item 1A.
|
Risk Factors
|
Risk factors relating to us are contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. No material change to such risk factors has occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2012.
Item 6.
|
Exhibits
|
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, on this 27th day of July, 2012.
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
|
||
By
|
/s/ James J. Volker
|
|
James J. Volker
|
||
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
|
||
By
|
/s/ Michael J. Stevens
|
|
Michael J. Stevens
|
||
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
|
||
By
|
/s/ Brent P. Jensen
|
|
Brent P. Jensen
|
||
Controller and Treasurer
|
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number
|
Exhibit Description
|
(31.1)
|
Certification by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
|
(31.2)
|
Certification by the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
|
(32.1)
|
Certification of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
|
(32.2)
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Certification of the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
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(101)
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The following materials from Whiting Petroleum Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 are furnished herewith, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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