WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES INC - Quarter Report: 2018 November (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2018

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 001-08399

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Ohio		31-1189815
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 Old Wilson Bridge Road, Columbus, Ohio		43085
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(614) 438-3210

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ☐ No ☐

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. On December 31, 2018, the number of Common Shares, without par value, issued and outstanding was 57,736,995.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Safe Harbor Statement			ii

Part I. Financial Information

	Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)

		Consolidated Balance Sheets –November 30, 2018 and May 31, 2018	1

		Consolidated Statements of Earnings –Three and Six Months Ended November 30, 2018 and 2017	2

		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income –Three and Six Months Ended November 30, 2018 and 2017	3

		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows –Three and Six Months Ended November 30, 2018 and 2017	4

		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	5

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24

	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	37

Part II. Other Information

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	37

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	37

	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	38

	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities (Not applicable)	38

	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures (Not applicable)	38

	Item 5.	Other Information (Not applicable)	38

	Item 6.	Exhibits	39

Signatures			40

Safe Harbor Statement

Selected statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, in “PART I – Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” constitute “forward-looking statements” as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”). Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations, estimates or projections concerning future results or events. These statements are often identified by the use of forward-looking words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “may,” “could,” “intend,” “estimate,” “plan,” “foresee,” “likely,” “will,” “should” or other similar words or phrases. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to:

•

outlook, strategy or business plans;

•

future or expected growth, growth potential, forward momentum, performance, competitive position, sales, volumes, cash flows, earnings, balance sheet strengths, debt, financial condition or other financial measures;

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pricing trends for raw materials and finished goods and the impact of pricing changes;

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demand trends for us or our markets;

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additions to product lines and opportunities to participate in new markets;

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expected demand or expected benefits from Transformation and innovation efforts and the ability to improve performance and competitive position at our operations;

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anticipated working capital needs, capital expenditures and asset sales;

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anticipated improvements and efficiencies in costs, operations, sales, inventory management, sourcing and the supply chain and the results thereof;

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projected profitability potential;

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the ability to make acquisitions and the projected timing, results, benefits, costs, charges and expenditures related to acquisitions, newly-created joint ventures, headcount reductions and facility dispositions, shutdowns and consolidations;

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the successful sale of the WAVE international business;

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projected capacity and the alignment of operations with demand;

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the ability to operate profitably and generate cash in down markets;

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the ability to maintain margins and capture and maintain market share and to develop or take advantage of future opportunities, customer initiatives, new businesses, new products and new markets;

•

expectations for Company and customer inventories, jobs and orders;

•

expectations for the economy and markets or improvements therein;

•

expectations for generating improving and sustainable earnings, earnings potential, margins or shareholder value;

•

the expected impact of the provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) on the Company;

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effects of judicial rulings; and

•

other non-historical matters.

Because they are based on beliefs, estimates and assumptions, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Any number of factors could affect actual results, including, without limitation, those that follow:

•

the effect of national, regional and global economic conditions generally and within major product markets, including a recurrent slowing economy;

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the effect of conditions in national and worldwide financial markets;

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the impact of tariffs, the adoption of trade restrictions affecting our products or suppliers, a United States withdrawal from or significant renegotiation of trade agreements, the occurrence of trade wars, and other changes in trade regulations;

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lower oil prices as a factor in demand for products;

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product demand and pricing;

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changes in product mix, product substitution and market acceptance of our products;

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fluctuations in the pricing, quality or availability of raw materials (particularly steel), supplies, transportation, utilities and other items required by operations;

•

effects of facility closures and the consolidation of operations;

•

the effect of financial difficulties, consolidation and other changes within the steel, automotive, construction, oil and gas, and other industries in which we participate;

•

failure to maintain appropriate levels of inventories;

•

financial difficulties (including bankruptcy filings) of original equipment manufacturers, end-users and customers, suppliers, joint venture partners and others with whom we do business;

•

the ability to realize targeted expense reductions from headcount reductions, facility closures and other cost reduction efforts;

•

the ability to realize cost savings and operational, sales and sourcing improvements and efficiencies, and other expected benefits from Transformation initiatives, on a timely basis;

•

the overall success of, and the ability to integrate, newly-acquired businesses and joint ventures, maintain and develop their customers, and achieve synergies and other expected benefits and cost savings therefrom;

•

capacity levels and efficiencies, within facilities, within major product markets and within the industries as a whole;

•

the effect of disruption in the business of suppliers, customers, facilities and shipping operations due to adverse weather, casualty events, equipment breakdowns, civil unrest, international conflicts, terrorist activities or other causes;

•

changes in customer demand, inventories, spending patterns, product choices, and supplier choices;

•

risks associated with doing business internationally, including economic, political and social instability, foreign currency exchange rate exposure and the acceptance of our products in global markets;

•

the ability to improve and maintain processes and business practices to keep pace with the economic, competitive and technological environment;

•

the outcome of adverse claims experience with respect to workers’ compensation, product recalls or product liability, casualty events or other matters;

•

deviation of actual results from estimates and/or assumptions used by us in the application of our significant accounting policies;

•

level of imports and import prices in our markets;

•

the impact of judicial rulings and governmental regulations, both in the United States and abroad, including those adopted by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and other governmental agencies as contemplated by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010;

•

the effect of healthcare laws in the United States and potential changes for such laws which may increase our healthcare and other costs and negatively impact our operations and financial results;

•

the actual impact on our business of the TCJA differing materially from our estimates;

•

cyber security risks;

•

the effects of privacy and information security laws and standards; and

•

other risks described from time to time in the filings of Worthington Industries, Inc. with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, including those described in “PART I – Item 1A. — Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018 and in “PART II – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We note these factors for investors as contemplated by the Act. It is impossible to predict or identify all potential risk factors. Consequently, you should not consider the foregoing list to be a complete set of all potential risks and uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on current information as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and we assume no obligation to correct or update any such statements in the future, except as required by applicable law.

iii

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. – Financial Statements

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	November 30,		May 31,
	2018		2018
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	93,027	$	121,967
Receivables, less allowances of $650 and $632 at November 30, 2018
and May 31, 2018, respectively		518,006		572,689
Inventories:
Raw materials		267,871		237,471
Work in process		111,158		122,977
Finished products		109,713		93,579
Total inventories		488,742		454,027
Income taxes receivable		18,079		1,650
Assets held for sale		7,395		30,655
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		62,367		60,134
Total current assets		1,187,616		1,241,122
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates		221,701		216,010
Goodwill		342,126		345,183
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $82,659 and
$74,922 at November 30, 2018 and May 31, 2018, respectively		205,142		214,026
Other assets		21,570		20,476
Property, plant and equipment:
Land		24,066		24,229
Buildings and improvements		308,549		300,542
Machinery and equipment		1,045,864		1,030,720
Construction in progress		45,077		32,282
Total property, plant and equipment		1,423,556		1,387,773
Less: accumulated depreciation		839,274		802,803
Total property, plant and equipment, net		584,282		584,970
Total assets	$	2,562,437	$	2,621,787

Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	406,444	$	473,485
Accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and
related taxes		69,611		96,487
Dividends payable		14,348		13,731
Other accrued items		57,864		57,125
Income taxes payable		1,276		4,593
Current maturities of long-term debt		1,387		1,474
Total current liabilities		550,930		646,895
Other liabilities		73,053		74,237
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate		122,806		55,198
Long-term debt		748,392		748,894
Deferred income taxes, net		81,001		60,188
Total liabilities		1,576,182		1,585,412
Shareholders' equity - controlling interest		868,672		918,769
Noncontrolling interests		117,583		117,606
Total equity		986,255		1,036,375
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,562,437	$	2,621,787

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended November 30,						Six Months Ended November 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales	$	958,226		$	871,266		$	1,946,333		$	1,719,503
Cost of goods sold		837,292			731,187			1,682,402			1,446,646
Gross margin		120,934			140,079			263,931			272,857
Selling, general and administrative expense		84,668			89,425			175,309			177,674
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		-			8,289			2,381			8,289
Restructuring and other expense (income), net		402			(9,694	)		(534	)		(7,390	)
Operating income		35,864			52,059			86,775			94,284
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		1,432			1,321			1,697			1,669
Interest expense		(9,472	)		(10,038	)		(19,200	)		(18,845	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		21,087			16,445			51,095			43,751
Earnings before income taxes		48,911			59,787			120,367			120,859
Income tax expense		11,119			18,165			25,617			31,163
Net earnings		37,792			41,622			94,750			89,696
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests		3,790			2,219			5,806			4,759
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	34,002		$	39,403		$	88,944		$	84,937

Basic
Average common shares outstanding		57,716			61,503			58,226			61,976
Earnings per share attributable to controlling interest	$	0.59		$	0.64		$	1.53		$	1.37

Diluted
Average common shares outstanding		59,338			63,468			60,013			64,044
Earnings per share attributable to controlling interest	$	0.57		$	0.62		$	1.48		$	1.33

Common shares outstanding at end of period		56,957			60,755			56,957			60,755

Cash dividends declared per share	$	0.23		$	0.21		$	0.46		$	0.42

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended November 30,						Six Months Ended November 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net earnings	$	37,792		$	41,622		$	94,750		$	89,696
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation		(6,638	)		1,511			(10,333	)		17,383
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax		-			-			(97	)		(6	)
Cash flow hedges, net of tax		(4,662	)		(2,210	)		(6,632	)		(323	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(11,300	)		(699	)		(17,062	)		17,054
Comprehensive income		26,492			40,923			77,688			106,750
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		3,735			2,139			5,734			5,118
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interest	$	22,757		$	38,784		$	71,954		$	101,632

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended November 30,						Six Months Ended November 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Operating activities:
Net earnings	$	37,792		$	41,622		$	94,750		$	89,696
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		23,525			26,283			48,018			51,648
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		-			8,289			2,381			8,289
Provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes		3,289			(583	)		22,223			7,351
Bad debt (income) expense		32			41			253			(21	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions		14,182			2,952			4,163			(4,803	)
Net (gain) loss on assets		(312	)		(10,680	)		2,403			(9,255	)
Stock-based compensation		3,456			3,787			6,612			7,194
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of impact of acquisitions:
Receivables		40,838			(46,097	)		54,247			16,581
Inventories		5,866			9,871			(37,471	)		(24,825	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(13,249	)		3,622			(21,668	)		4,765
Other assets		(1,194	)		(626	)		(1,260	)		(976	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(71,711	)		(21,577	)		(100,496	)		(48,368	)
Other liabilities		2,190			2,478			994			5,461
Net cash provided by operating activities		44,704			19,382			75,149			102,737

Investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(21,741	)		(23,678	)		(41,175	)		(41,691	)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		-			(523	)		-			(285,028	)
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates		55,201			-			55,201			-
Proceeds from sale of assets		170			16,312			20,447			16,739
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities		33,630			(7,889	)		34,473			(309,980	)

Financing activities:
Net proceeds from short-term borrowings, net of issuance costs		-			302			-			600
Proceeds from long-term debt, net of issuance costs		-			(594	)		-			197,685
Principal payments on long-term debt		(371	)		(220	)		(801	)		(439	)
Payments for issuance of common shares, net of tax withholdings		(658	)		(722	)		(4,749	)		(3,996	)
Payments to noncontrolling interests		(4,007	)		(3,196	)		(6,327	)		(3,916	)
Repurchase of common shares		(63,581	)		(67,448	)		(100,433	)		(112,524	)
Dividends paid		(13,533	)		(13,256	)		(26,252	)		(26,034	)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities		(82,150	)		(85,134	)		(138,562	)		51,376

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(3,816	)		(73,641	)		(28,940	)		(155,867	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		96,843			195,855			121,967			278,081
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	93,027		$	122,214		$	93,027		$	122,214

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE A – Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Worthington Industries, Inc. and consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “our,” “Worthington,” or the “Company”). Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.

The Company owns controlling interests in the following three joint ventures: Spartan Steel Coating, LLC (“Spartan”) (52%), TWB Company, L.L.C. (“TWB”) (55%), and Worthington Specialty Processing (“WSP”) (51%). These joint ventures are consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture members shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and their portions of net earnings and other comprehensive income (“OCI”) shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature except those which have been disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for these interim periods, have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended November 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2019 (“fiscal 2019”). For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018 (“fiscal 2018”) of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “2018 Form 10-K”).

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On June 1, 2018, the Company adopted new accounting guidance that replaces most existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. See “NOTE B – Revenue Recognition” for further explanation related to this adoption, including newly required disclosures.

In August 2018, the SEC adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-10532; 34-83875, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” adopting amendments to certain disclosure requirements that were redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated or superseded, in light of other SEC disclosure requirements, GAAP or changes in the information environment. In addition, the amendments expanded the disclosure requirements relating to the analysis of shareholders’ equity for interim financial statements. Under the amendments, an analysis of the changes in each caption of shareholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests presented in the balance sheet must be provided in a note or separate statement. The analysis shall present a reconciliation of the beginning balance to the ending balance of each period for which a statement of earnings is required to be filed. The final rule was effective on November 5, 2018. The Company adopted the final rule effective for the second quarter of fiscal 2019. The adoption of the final rule did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. See “NOTE J – Changes in Equity” for the newly required disclosures related to this adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, new accounting guidance was issued that replaces most existing lease accounting guidance under U.S. GAAP. Among other changes, the new accounting guidance requires that leased assets and liabilities be recognized on the balance sheet by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous accounting guidance. The new accounting guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, and the change is to be applied using a modified retrospective approach as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. In July 2018, the FASB issued additional accounting standard updates clarifying certain provisions, as well as providing for a second transition method allowing entities to initially apply the standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance sheet of retained earnings. The scoping and diagnostic phases of the implementation of this new accounting guidance are in process, including gathering, documenting and analyzing lease agreements subject to the new accounting guidance.

While we are in the process of evaluating the effect this new accounting guidance will have on the presentation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, the adoption is anticipated to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets with the addition of right-of-use assets, offset by the associated liabilities.

In June 2016, amended accounting guidance was issued related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The amended accounting guidance changes the impairment model for most financial assets to require measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. The amended accounting guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are in the process of evaluating the effect this amended accounting guidance will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations; however, we do not expect the amended accounting guidance to have a material impact on our ongoing financial reporting.

In August 2017, amended accounting guidance was issued that modifies hedge accounting by making more hedge strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amending presentation and disclosure requirements, and changing how companies assess effectiveness. The intent is to simplify application of hedge accounting and increase transparency of information about an entity’s risk management activities. The amended accounting guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. It is to be applied using a modified retrospective transition approach for cash flow and net investment hedges existing at the date of adoption. The presentation and disclosure guidance is only required prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the effect this amended accounting guidance will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations, and have not determined the effect on our ongoing financial reporting.

NOTE B – Revenue Recognition

Through the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018, in accordance with our historical accounting policies for revenue recognition, we recognized revenue upon transfer of title and risk of loss, or in the case of toll processing revenue, upon delivery of the goods, provided persuasive evidence of an arrangement existed, pricing was fixed or determinable and collectability was reasonably assured. Through charges to net sales, provisions were made for returns & allowances, customer rebates and sales discounts based on past experience, specific agreements, and anticipated levels of customer activity.

On June 1, 2018, we adopted new accounting guidance that replaces most existing revenue recognition accounting guidance under U.S. GAAP, Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“Topic 606”). The new accounting guidance was adopted using the modified retrospective approach as applied to customer contracts that were not complete at the date of adoption, with the cumulative effect recognized in retained earnings. Comparative financial information for reporting periods beginning prior to June 1, 2018, has not been restated and continues to be reported under the previous accounting guidance. The cumulative effect adjustment resulted from a change in the pattern of recognition for our toll processing revenue stream and certain contracts within the oil & gas equipment revenue stream, which previously were accounted for as point in time and now will be accounted for over time.

The following table outlines the cumulative effect of adopting the new revenue recognition guidance:

(in thousands)	May 31, 2018 (As Reported)		Cumulative Effect of Topic 606 Adoption			June 1, 2018 (As Adjusted)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Assets
Receivables	$	572,689	$	4,706		$	577,395
Total inventories		454,027		(3,452	)		450,575
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		60,134		944			61,078
Liabilities and Equity
Deferred income taxes, net		60,188		454			60,642
Retained earnings		637,757		1,174			638,931
Noncontrolling interests		117,606		570			118,176

Under the new accounting guidance, we recognize revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive for those goods or services, including any variable consideration

Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are treated as fulfillment activities and are recorded in both net sales and cost of goods sold at the time control is transferred to the customer. Due to the short-term nature of our contracts with customers, we have elected to apply the practical expedients under Topic 606 to: (1) expense as incurred, incremental costs of obtaining a contract and (2) not adjust the consideration for the effects of a significant financing component for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less. When we satisfy (or partially satisfy) a performance obligation, prior to being able to invoice the customer, we recognize an unbilled receivable when the right to consideration is unconditional and a contract asset when the right to consideration is conditional. Unbilled receivables and contract assets are included in receivables and prepaid and other current assets, respectively, on

the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, we do not maintain contract liability balances, as performance obligations are satisfied prior to customer payment for product. Payments from customers are generally due within 30 to 60 days of invoicing, which generally occurs upon shipment or delivery of the goods.

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that we collect from a customer, are excluded from revenue.

Certain contracts with customers include warranties associated with the delivered goods or services. These warranties are not considered to be separate performance obligations, and accordingly, we record an estimated liability for potential warranty costs as the goods or services are transferred.

With the exception of the toll processing revenue stream and certain contracts within the oil & gas equipment revenue stream, we recognize revenue at the point in time the performance obligation is satisfied and control of the product is transferred to the customer upon shipment or delivery. Generally, we receive and acknowledge purchase orders from our customers, which define the quantity, pricing, payment and other applicable terms and conditions. In some cases, we receive a blanket purchase order from our customers, which includes pricing, payment and other terms and conditions, with quantities defined at the time each customer subsequently issues periodic releases against the blanket purchase order.

For the toll processing revenue stream and certain contracts within the oil & gas equipment revenue stream, we recognize revenue over time. Revenue is primarily measured using the cost-to-cost method, which we believe best depicts the transfer of control to the customer. Under the cost-to-cost method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of actual costs incurred to the total estimated costs expected upon satisfying the identified performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. We have elected to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.

Certain contracts contain variable consideration, which is not constrained, and primarily include estimated sales returns, customer rebates, and sales discounts which are recorded on an expected value basis. These estimates are based on historical returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. We account for rebates by recording reductions to revenue for rebates in the same period the related revenue is recorded. The amount of these reductions is based upon the terms agreed to with the customer. We do not exercise significant judgments in determining the timing of satisfaction of performance obligations or the transaction price.

The following tables summarize net sales by product class and by timing of revenue recognition for the three month and six month periods ended November 30, 2018:

(in thousands)	Reportable Segments
Three months ended November 30, 2018	Steel Processing		Pressure Cylinders		Engineered Cabs		Other		Total
Product class:
Steel Processing
Direct	$	602,010	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	602,010
Toll		33,033		-		-		-		33,033
Pressure Cylinders
Industrial products		-		152,018		-		-		152,018
Consumer products		-		117,194		-		-		117,194
Oil & gas equipment		-		25,235		-		-		25,235
Engineered Cabs		-		-		28,729		-		28,729
Other		-		-		-		7		7
Total	$	635,043	$	294,447	$	28,729	$	7	$	958,226

Timing of revenue recognition:
Goods transferred at a point in time	$	602,010	$	276,965	$	28,729	$	7	$	907,711
Goods and services transferred over time		33,033		17,482		-		-		50,515
Total	$	635,043	$	294,447	$	28,729	$	7	$	958,226

(in thousands)	Reportable Segments
Six months ended November 30, 2018	Steel Processing		Pressure Cylinders		Engineered Cabs		Other		Total
Product class:
Steel Processing
Direct	$	1,228,872	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	1,228,872
Toll		66,658		-		-		-		66,658
Pressure Cylinders
Industrial products		-		304,865		-		-		304,865
Consumer products		-		234,017		-		-		234,017
Oil & gas equipment		-		55,918		-		-		55,918
Engineered Cabs		-		-		55,981		-		55,981
Other		-		-		-		22		22
Total	$	1,295,530	$	594,800	$	55,981	$	22	$	1,946,333

Timing of revenue recognition:
Goods transferred at a point in time	$	1,228,872	$	565,999	$	55,981	$	22	$	1,850,874
Goods and services transferred over time		66,658		28,801		-		-		95,459
Total	$	1,295,530	$	594,800	$	55,981	$	22	$	1,946,333

The following tables show the adjustments that would be required to be made to our fiscal 2019 consolidated financial statements to reflect the balances that would have been recorded if we continued to follow our accounting policies under the previous revenue recognition guidance.

	November 30, 2018
(in thousands)	As Currently Reported		Topic 606 Adjustments			Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
Consolidated Balance Sheet Assets
Receivables	$	518,006	$	(4,750	)	$	513,256
Total inventories		488,742		6,376			495,118
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		62,367		(4,556	)		57,811
Liabilities and Equity
Income taxes payable		1,276		(106	)		1,170
Deferred income taxes, net		81,001		(454	)		80,547
Shareholders' equity - controlling interest		868,672		(1,753	)		866,919
Noncontrolling interests		117,583		(617	)		116,966

	Three months ended November 30, 2018							Six months ended November 30, 2018
(in thousands)	As Currently Reported		Topic 606 Adjustments			Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606		As Currently Reported		Topic 606 Adjustments			Balances Without Adoption of Topic 606
Consolidated Statement of Earnings
Net sales	$	958,226	$	(2,793	)	$	955,433	$	1,946,333	$	(3,656	)	$	1,942,677
Cost of goods sold		837,292		2,320			839,612		1,682,402		2,924			1,685,326
Income tax expense		11,119		110			11,229		25,617		106			25,723
Net earnings		37,792		(363	)		37,429		94,750		(626	)		94,124
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests		3,790		(24	)		3,766		5,806		(48	)		5,758
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest		34,002		(339	)		33,663		88,944		(578	)		88,366

NOTE C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in affiliated companies that we do not control, either through majority ownership or otherwise, are accounted for using the equity method. These include ArtiFlex Manufacturing, LLC (“ArtiFlex”) (50%), Clarkwestern Dietrich Building Systems LLC (“ClarkDietrich”) (25%), Samuel Steel Pickling Company (31.25%), Serviacero Planos, S. de R. L. de C.V. (“Serviacero Worthington”) (50%), Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”) (50%), and Zhejiang Nisshin Worthington Precision Specialty Steel Co., Ltd. (10%).

We received distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaling $110,459,000 during the six months ended November 30, 2018, including $60,000,000 of one-time special distributions from WAVE, comprised of $35,000,000 related to the pending sale of the international operations and $25,000,000 in connection with a financing transaction. We have received cumulative distributions from WAVE in excess of our investment balance, which resulted in an amount recorded within other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets of $122,806,000 at November 30, 2018. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we reclassified the negative investment balance to the liabilities section of our consolidated balance sheet. We will continue to record our equity in the net income of WAVE as a debit to the investment account, and if the investment balance becomes positive, it will again be shown as an asset on our consolidated balance sheet. If it becomes probable that any excess distribution may not be returned (upon joint venture liquidation or otherwise), we will recognize any negative investment balance classified as a liability as income immediately.

We use the “cumulative earnings” approach for determining cash flow presentation of distributions from our unconsolidated joint ventures. Distributions received are included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities, unless the cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods that were determined to be returns of investment, exceed our portion of the cumulative equity in the net earnings of the joint venture, in which case the excess distributions are deemed to be

returns of the investment and are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. We received excess distributions from WAVE of $55,201,000 during the six months ended November 30, 2018.

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates as of the dates, and for the periods presented:

	November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	2018		2018
Cash	$	35,079	$	52,812
Other current assets		625,214		590,578
Current assets for discontinued operations		35,390		37,640
Noncurrent assets		364,305		358,927
Total assets	$	1,059,988	$	1,039,957

Current liabilities		256,608		166,493
Current liabilities for discontinued operations		8,884		7,142
Short-term borrowings		38,366		26,599
Current maturities of long-term debt		8,173		23,243
Long-term debt		323,598		259,588
Other noncurrent liabilities		17,452		17,536
Equity		406,907		539,356
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,059,988	$	1,039,957

	Three Months Ended November 30,					Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	2018		2017			2018		2017
Net sales	$	480,716	$	412,617		$	979,261	$	855,241
Gross margin		75,515		71,122			179,327		157,357
Operating income		44,592		34,604			116,968		91,767
Depreciation and amortization		6,581		5,935			13,058		13,128
Interest expense		3,382		2,461			6,307		4,953
Income tax expense		3,568		1,816			8,093		3,164
Net earnings from continuing operations		36,523		31,893			101,417		82,937
Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations		2,028		(1,703	)		3,712		(273	)
Net earnings		38,551		30,190			105,129		82,664

The amounts presented within the discontinued operations captions in the tables above reflect the international operations of our WAVE joint venture, which are being sold as part of a broader transaction between the joint venture partner, Armstrong World Industries, Inc. (“AWI”), and Knauf Group, a family-owned manufacturer of building materials headquartered in Germany. WAVE’s portion of the total sales proceeds is expected to be approximately $90,000,000. The transaction is subject to regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions. During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the parties agreed to extend the date by which certain competition clearance conditions were to be satisfied per the original purchase agreement. In exchange, Knauf Group irrevocably agreed to fund the purchase price which was received by AWI in two distributions, the first on August 1, 2018, and the balance on September 15, 2018. In September 2018, we received a cash distribution of $35,000,000 from WAVE related to the pending sale of the international operations. Despite receiving the sales proceeds, there has been no change in control of the international operations, therefore, the gain or loss to be realized from this transaction has not been reflected in WAVE’s statement of earnings. We expect to receive total proceeds of approximately $45,000,000 in connection with the sale transaction.

NOTE D – Impairment of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, changes in the facts and circumstances related to the planned sale of our cryogenics business in Turkey, Worthington Aritas, resulted in our lowering the estimate of fair value less cost to sell to $7,000,000 which generated an impairment charge of $2,381,000. Fair value was determined using observable (Level 2) inputs.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we began to explore strategic alternatives related to the cryoscience business within Pressure Cylinders, which was considered to be an impairment indicator. The required impairment test indicated that the current estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying amount of approximately $34,000,000. However, it is reasonably possible any change in the estimated future cash flows may result in an impairment.

NOTE E – Restructuring and Other Expense (Income), Net

We consider restructuring activities to be programs whereby we fundamentally change our operations such as closing and consolidating manufacturing facilities or moving manufacturing of a product to another location. Restructuring activities may also involve substantial realignment of the management structure of a business unit in response to changing market conditions.

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption, in our consolidated statement of earnings is summarized below for the period presented:

	Balance, as of		Expense									Balance, as of
(in thousands)	May 31, 2018		(income)			Payments			Adjustments			November 30, 2018
Early retirement and severance	$	1,116	$	1,155		$	(1,257	)	$	(61	)	$	953
Facility exit and other costs		-		273			(231	)		8			50
	$	1,116		1,428		$	(1,488	)	$	(53	)	$	1,003
Net gain on sale of assets				(1,962	)
Restructuring and other income, net			$	(534	)

Severance and facility exit costs in the table above resulted primarily from activities related to the ongoing consolidation of the Company’s industrial gas operations in Portugal following the acquisition of AMTROL in fiscal 2018. During the six months ended November 30, 2018, the Company also completed the sale of two oil & gas manufacturing facilities resulting in a net gain of $1,962,000. The total liability associated with our restructuring activities as of November 30, 2018 is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

NOTE F – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

We are defendants in certain legal actions. In the opinion of management, the outcome of these actions, which is not clearly determinable at the present time, would not significantly affect our consolidated financial position or future results of operations. We also believe that environmental issues will not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, consolidated financial position or future results of operations.

NOTE G – Guarantees

We do not have guarantees that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. However, as of November 30, 2018, we were party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we have guaranteed a residual value at the termination of the lease. The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $7,881,000 at November 30, 2018. Based on current facts and circumstances, we have estimated the likelihood of payment pursuant to this guarantee is not probable and, therefore, no amount has been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.

We also had in place $13,145,000 of outstanding stand-by letters of credit issued to third-party service providers at November 30, 2018. No amounts were drawn against them at November 30, 2018.

NOTE H – Debt and Receivables Securitization

We maintain a $500,000,000 multi-year revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a group of lenders which matures in February 2023. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year. We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the LIBOR, Prime Rate or Overnight Bank Funding Rate. The applicable margin is determined by our credit rating. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility at November 30, 2018. As discussed in “NOTE G – Guarantees,” we provided $13,145,000 in letters of credit for third-party beneficiaries as of November 30, 2018. While not drawn against at November 30, 2018, $450,000 of these letters of credit were issued against availability under the Credit Facility, leaving $499,550,000 available at November 30, 2018.

We also maintain a $50,000,000 revolving trade accounts receivable securitization facility (the “AR Facility”) which matures in January 2019. We are in the process of renewing the AR Facility for a term of one year, with an anticipated closing date of January 15, 2019. Pursuant to the terms of the AR Facility, certain of our subsidiaries sell their accounts receivable without recourse, on a revolving basis, to Worthington Receivables Corporation (“WRC”), a wholly-owned, consolidated, bankruptcy-remote subsidiary. In turn, WRC may sell without recourse, on a revolving basis, up to $50,000,000 of undivided ownership interests in this pool of accounts receivable to a third-party bank. We retain an undivided interest in this pool and are subject to risk of loss based on the collectability of the receivables from this retained interest. Because the amount eligible to be sold excludes receivables more than 90

days past due, receivables offset by an allowance for doubtful accounts due to bankruptcy or other cause, concentrations over certain limits with specific customers and certain reserve amounts, we believe additional risk of loss is minimal. As of November 30, 2018, no undivided ownership interests in this pool of accounts receivable had been sold.

NOTE I – Other Comprehensive Income

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the three months ended November 30:

	Three months ended November 30,
	2018								2017
	Before-Tax			Tax		Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax		Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(6,638	)	$	-	$	(6,638	)	$	1,511		$	-	$	1,511
Pension liability adjustment		-			-		-			-			-		-
Cash flow hedges		(6,066	)		1,404		(4,662	)		(3,495	)		1,285		(2,210	)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(12,704	)	$	1,404	$	(11,300	)	$	(1,984	)	$	1,285	$	(699	)

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the six months ended November 30:

	Six months ended November 30,
	2018									2017
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(10,333	)	$	-		$	(10,333	)	$	17,383		$	-		$	17,383
Pension liability adjustment		-			(97	)		(97	)		-			(6	)		(6	)
Cash flow hedges		(8,593	)		1,961			(6,632	)		(502	)		179			(323	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(18,926	)	$	1,864		$	(17,062	)	$	16,881		$	173		$	17,054

NOTE J – Changes in Equity

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Loss,			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2018	$	295,592		$	(14,580	)	$	637,757		$	918,769		$	117,606		$	1,036,375
Net earnings		-			-			54,942			54,942			2,016			56,958
Other comprehensive loss		-			(5,745	)		-			(5,745	)		(17	)		(5,762	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(4,091	)		-			-			(4,091	)		-			(4,091	)
Common shares in NQ plans		152			-			-			152			-			152
Stock-based compensation		4,838			-			-			4,838			-			4,838
ASC 606 transition adjustment		-			-			1,174			1,174			570			1,744
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(4,003	)		-			(32,849	)		(36,852	)		-			(36,852	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,668	)		(13,668	)		-			(13,668	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(2,320	)		(2,320	)
Balance at August 31, 2018	$	292,488		$	(20,325	)	$	647,356		$	919,519		$	117,855		$	1,037,374
Net earnings		-			-			34,002			34,002			3,790			37,792
Other comprehensive loss		-			(11,245	)		-			(11,245	)		(55	)		(11,300	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(658	)		-			-			(658	)		-			(658	)
Common shares in NQ plans		306			-			-			306			-			306
Stock-based compensation		3,730			-			-			3,730			-			3,730
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(7,540	)		-			(56,041	)		(63,581	)		-			(63,581	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,401	)		(13,401	)		-			(13,401	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(4,007	)		(4,007	)
Balance at November 30, 2018	$	288,326		$	(31,570	)	$	611,916		$	868,672		$	117,583		$	986,255

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Loss,			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2017	$	303,391		$	(27,775	)	$	676,019		$	951,635		$	122,294		$	1,073,929
Net earnings		-			-			45,534			45,534			2,540			48,074
Other comprehensive income		-			17,314			-			17,314			439			17,753
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(3,274	)		-			-			(3,274	)		-			(3,274	)
Common shares in NQ plans		536			-			-			536			-			536
Stock-based compensation		4,822			-			-			4,822			-			4,822
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(4,235	)		-			(40,841	)		(45,076	)		-			(45,076	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,317	)		(13,317	)		-			(13,317	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(720	)		(720	)
Balance at August 31, 2017	$	301,240		$	(10,461	)	$	667,395		$	958,174		$	124,553		$	1,082,727
Net earnings		-			-			39,403			39,403			2,219			41,622
Other comprehensive loss		-			(619	)		-			(619	)		(80	)		(699	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(722	)		-			-			(722	)		-			(722	)
Common shares in NQ plans		350			-			-			350			-			350
Stock-based compensation		3,169			-			-			3,169			-			3,169
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(7,245	)		-			(60,203	)		(67,448	)		-			(67,448	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,020	)		(13,020	)		-			(13,020	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(3,196	)		(3,196	)
Balance at November 30, 2017	$	296,792		$	(11,080	)	$	633,575		$	919,287		$	123,496		$	1,042,783

Of the 6,828,855 common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. authorized for repurchase by our Board of Directors on September 27, 2017, 4,200,000 remained available for repurchase at November 30, 2018. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, we repurchased 2,300,000 common shares for $100,433,000.

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the period presented:

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Loss
(in thousands)
Balance as of May 31, 2018	$	(4,987	)	$	(16,071	)	$	6,478		$	(14,580	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(10,261	)		-			(4,530	)		(14,791	)
Reclassification adjustments to income (a)		-			-			(4,063	)		(4,063	)
Income taxes		-			(97	)		1,961			1,864
Balance as of November 30, 2018	$	(15,248	)	$	(16,168	)	$	(154	)	$	(31,570	)

(a)

The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to income for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “NOTE O – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

NOTE K – Stock-Based Compensation

Non-Qualified Stock Options

During the six months ended November 30, 2018, we granted non-qualified stock options covering a total of 95,600 common shares under our stock-based compensation plans. The weighted average option price of $42.86 per share was equal to the market price of the underlying common shares at the grant date. The fair value of these stock options, based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, calculated at the grant date, was $12.55 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these stock options is $1,200,000 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures. The following assumptions were used to value these stock options:

Dividend yield	2.01% - 2.16%
Expected volatility	33.04% - 33.60%
Risk-free interest rate	2.77% - 2.96%
Expected term (years)		6.0

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our common shares and the risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strip rate for the expected term of the stock options. The expected term was developed using historical exercise experience.

Service-Based Restricted Common Shares

During the six months ended November 30, 2018, we granted an aggregate of 323,925 service-based restricted common shares under our stock-based compensation plans. The fair value of these restricted common shares was equal to the weighted average closing market price of the underlying common shares on the respective dates of grant, or $43.59 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares is $14,119,000 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year service-based vesting period, net of any forfeitures.

Market-Based Restricted Common Shares

On September 28, 2018, we granted an aggregate of 225,000 restricted common shares to two key employees under our stock-based compensation plans. Vesting of these restricted common share awards is contingent upon the price of our common shares reaching $65.00 per share and remaining at or above that price for 90 consecutive days during the five-year period following the date of grant and the completion of a five-year service vesting period. The grant-date fair value of these restricted common shares, as determined by a Monte Carlo simulation model, was $23.38 per share. The following assumptions were used to determine the grant-date fair value and the derived service period for these restricted common shares:

Dividend yield	2.16	%
Expected volatility	33.60	%
Risk-free interest rate	2.96	%

The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares is $5,261,000 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the five-year service vesting period, net of any forfeitures.

Performance Share Awards

We have awarded performance shares to certain key employees under our stock-based compensation plans. These performance shares are earned based on the level of achievement with respect to corporate targets for cumulative corporate economic value added, earnings per share growth and, in the case of business unit executives, business unit operating income targets for the three-year periods ending May 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021. These performance share awards will be paid, to the extent earned, in common shares of the Company in the fiscal quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period. The fair values of our performance shares are determined by the closing market prices of the underlying common shares at the respective grant dates of the performance shares and the pre-tax stock-based compensation expense is based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved and our estimate of the number of common shares that will ultimately be issued. During the six months ended November 30, 2018, we granted performance share awards covering an aggregate of 58,200 common shares (at target levels). The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these performance shares is $2,494,000 and will be recognized over the three-year performance period as the performance condition is probable.

NOTE L – Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 reflected estimated annual effective income tax rates of 23.4% and 30.0%, respectively. The annual effective income tax rates exclude any impact from the inclusion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are primarily a result of our WSP, Spartan, and TWB consolidated joint ventures. The earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests in WSP, Spartan and TWB’s U.S. operations do not generate tax expense to Worthington since the investors in WSP, Spartan and TWB’s U.S. operations are taxed directly based on the earnings attributable to them. The tax expense of TWB’s wholly-owned foreign corporations is reported in our consolidated tax expense. Management is required to estimate the annual effective income tax rate based upon its forecast of annual pre-tax income for domestic and foreign operations. Our actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2019 could be materially different from the forecasted rate as of November 30, 2018.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted tax reform, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”), which made comprehensive changes to U.S. federal income tax laws by moving from a global to a modified territorial tax regime. The TCJA lowered the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% in calendar year 2018 along with the elimination of certain deductions and credits, and a one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated foreign earnings. We recognized a provisional income tax benefit of $38,200,000 related to the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and a provisional income tax expense of $6,900,000 for the one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax during fiscal 2018. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we finalized the accounting for the TCJA and for the six months ended November 30, 2018, we made no material adjustments to these provisional amounts.

NOTE M – Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,				Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest -
income available to common shareholders	$	34,002	$	39,403	$	88,944	$	84,937
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share attributable to
controlling interest - weighted average common shares		57,716		61,503		58,226		61,976
Effect of dilutive securities		1,622		1,965		1,787		2,068
Denominator for diluted earnings per share attributable to
controlling interest - adjusted weighted average common shares		59,338		63,468		60,013		64,044

Basic earnings per share attributable to controlling interest	$	0.59	$	0.64	$	1.53	$	1.37
Diluted earnings per share attributable to controlling interest	$	0.57	$	0.62	$	1.48	$	1.33

Stock options covering 223,372 and 195,774 common shares for the three months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 152,256 and 76,605 common shares for the six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect of their inclusion would have been “anti-dilutive” for those periods.

NOTE N – Segment Operations

The following table presents summarized financial information for our reportable segments as of the dates, and for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,						Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net sales
Steel Processing	$	635,043		$	538,390		$	1,295,530		$	1,081,881
Pressure Cylinders		294,447			300,862			594,800			570,673
Engineered Cabs		28,729			30,404			55,981			62,350
Other		7			1,610			22			4,599
Total net sales	$	958,226		$	871,266		$	1,946,333		$	1,719,503

Operating income (loss)
Steel Processing	$	25,016		$	41,130		$	64,676		$	74,002
Pressure Cylinders		14,758			24,675			29,491			35,133
Engineered Cabs		(3,371	)		(1,587	)		(7,682	)		(1,948	)
Other		(539	)		(12,159	)		290			(12,903	)
Total operating income	$	35,864		$	52,059		$	86,775		$	94,284

Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets
Steel Processing	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-
Pressure Cylinders		-			964			2,381			964
Engineered Cabs		-			-			-			-
Other		-			7,325			-			7,325
Total impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets	$	-		$	8,289		$	2,381		$	8,289

Restructuring and other expense (income), net
Steel Processing	$	-		$	(10,335	)	$	(9	)	$	(10,056	)
Pressure Cylinders		402			488			(525	)		2,365
Engineered Cabs		-			(82	)		-			(78	)
Other		-			235			-			379
Total restructuring and other expense (income), net	$	402		$	(9,694	)	$	(534	)	$	(7,390	)

	November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	2018		2018
Total assets
Steel Processing	$	963,717	$	999,238
Pressure Cylinders		1,128,656		1,147,268
Engineered Cabs		66,590		66,456
Other		403,474		408,825
Total assets	$	2,562,437	$	2,621,787

NOTE O – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We utilize derivative financial instruments to manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations. The primary risks managed through the use of derivative instruments include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk. While certain of our derivative instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting. These derivative instruments are adjusted to current fair value through earnings at the end of each period.

Interest Rate Risk Management – We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings. We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-

rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates. In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps and treasury locks to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Management – We conduct business in several major international currencies and are therefore subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. We enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to manage this exposure. Such contracts limit exposure to both favorable and unfavorable currency exchange rate fluctuations. The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars also subjects us to exposure related to fluctuating currency exchange rates; however, derivative instruments are not used to manage this risk.

Commodity Price Risk Management – We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities, including steel, natural gas, zinc and other raw materials, and our utility requirements. Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases and sales of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations. Accordingly, we enter into derivative contracts to manage the associated price risk.

We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative instruments. Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines. We have credit support agreements in place with certain counterparties to limit our credit exposure. These agreements require either party to post cash collateral if its cumulative market position exceeds a predefined liability threshold. Amounts posted to the margin accounts accrue interest at market rates and are required to be refunded in the period in which the cumulative market position falls below the required threshold. We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty, and management believes the risk of loss is remote and, in any event, would not be material.

Refer to "NOTE P – Fair Value" for additional information regarding the accounting treatment for our derivative instruments, as well as how fair value is determined.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2018:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	-	Accounts payable	$	1,560
	Other assets		-	Other liabilities		85
Totals		$	-		$	1,645

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	890	Accounts payable	$	1,167
	Other assets		92	Other liabilities		150
			982			1,317
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-	Accounts payable		36
Totals		$	982		$	1,353
Total derivative instruments		$	982		$	2,998

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $961,000 increase in receivables with a corresponding increase in accounts payable.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at May 31, 2018:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	6,385	Accounts payable	$	-
	Other assets		68	Other liabilities		-
Totals		$	6,453		$	-

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	4,749	Accounts payable	$	613
	Other assets		221	Other liabilities		158
			4,970			771
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-	Accounts payable		75
Totals		$	4,970		$	846
Total derivative instruments		$	11,423		$	846

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $351,000 increase in receivables with a corresponding increase in accounts payable.

Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions. These derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of AOCI and reclassified into earnings in the same line associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is recognized in earnings immediately.

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at November 30, 2018:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount		Maturity Date
Commodity contracts	$	22,067	December 2018 - December 2019

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

								Location of
				Location of				Gain	Gain
				Gain (Loss)	Gain (Loss)			(Ineffective	(Ineffective
	Gain (Loss)			Reclassified	Reclassified			Portion)	Portion)
	Recognized			from	from			and Excluded	and Excluded
	in OCI			AOCI	AOCI			from	from
	(Effective			(Effective	(Effective			Effectiveness	Effectiveness
(in thousands)	Portion)			Portion)	Portion)			Testing	Testing
For the three months
ended November 30, 2018:
Commodity contracts	$	(4,499	)	Cost of goods sold	$	1,565		Cost of goods sold	$	-
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(34	)	Interest expense		-
Foreign currency exchange contracts		-		Miscellaneous income, net		36		Miscellaneous income, net		-
Totals	$	(4,499	)		$	1,567			$	-

For the three months
ended November 30, 2017:
Commodity contracts	$	2,080		Cost of goods sold	$	5,637		Cost of goods sold	$	-
Interest rate contracts		34		Interest expense		(28	)	Interest expense		-
Totals	$	2,114			$	5,609			$	-

For the six months
ended November 30, 2018:
Commodity contracts	$	(4,530	)	Cost of goods sold	$	4,108		Cost of goods sold	$	-
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(81	)	Interest expense		-
Foreign currency exchange contracts		-		Miscellaneous income, net		36		Miscellaneous income, net		-
Totals	$	(4,530	)		$	4,063			$	-

For the six months
ended November 30, 2017:
Commodity contracts	$	5,814		Cost of goods sold	$	9,805		Cost of goods sold	$	-
Interest rate contracts		3,098		Interest expense		(391	)	Interest expense		-
Totals	$	8,912			$	9,414			$	-

The estimated net amount of the losses recognized in AOCI at November 30, 2018 expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the succeeding twelve months is $765,000 (net of tax of $229,000). This amount was computed using the fair value of the cash flow hedges at November 30, 2018, and will change before actual reclassification from OCI to net earnings during the fiscal years ending May 31, 2019 and May 31, 2020.

Economic (Non-designated) Hedges

We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage our foreign currency exchange rate exposure related to inter-company and financing transactions that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment. We also enter into certain commodity contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, these derivative instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through earnings.

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative instruments outstanding at November 30, 2018:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	10,513	December 2018 - April 2020
Foreign currency exchange contracts		5,030	December 2018 - May 2019

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		In Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Three Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2018			2017
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(737	)	$	(86	)
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(1,183	)		19
Total		$	(1,920	)	$	(67	)

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		in Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2018			2017
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(2,934	)	$	2,248
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(2,689	)		(189	)
Total		$	(5,623	)	$	2,059

The gain (loss) on the foreign currency exchange contract derivatives significantly offsets the gain (loss) on the hedged item.

NOTE P – Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is an exit price concept that assumes an orderly transaction between willing market participants and is required to be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. Current accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy as a basis for considering such assumptions and for classifying the inputs used in the valuation methodologies. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

Level 1 – Observable prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets and liabilities, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At November 30, 2018, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	982	$	-	$	982
Total assets	$	-	$	982	$	-	$	982

Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	2,998	$	-	$	2,998
Total liabilities	$	-	$	2,998	$	-	$	2,998

At May 31, 2018, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	11,423	$	-	$	11,423
Total assets	$	-	$	11,423	$	-	$	11,423

Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	846	$	-	$	846
Total liabilities	$	-	$	846	$	-	$	846

(1)

The fair value of our derivative instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows. Refer to “NOTE O – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative instruments.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At November 30, 2018, there were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis on our consolidated balance sheet.

At May 31, 2018, our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Long-lived assets held for sale (1)	$	-	$	30,000	$	-	$	30,000
Total assets	$	-	$	30,000	$	-	$	30,000

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, management committed to a plan to sell the Company’s cryogenics business in Turkey, Worthington Aritas, and certain underperforming oil & gas equipment assets within Pressure Cylinders. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, the net assets in each asset group were recorded at the lower of net book value or fair value less costs to sell. The book value of Worthington Aritas exceeded its fair market value of $9,000,000, resulting in an impairment charge of $42,422,000. The book value of the oil & gas equipment asset group also exceeded its estimated fair market value of $21,000,000, resulting in an impairment charge of $10,497,000.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company completed the sale of the oil & gas equipment assets described above. In addition, the Company lowered its estimate of the fair value of Worthington Aritas to $7,000,000, resulting in an impairment charge of $2,381,000.

The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments included in the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, notes receivable, income taxes receivable, other assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes, other accrued items, income taxes payable and other liabilities approximate carrying value due to their short-term nature. The fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities, based upon models utilizing market observable (Level 2) inputs and credit risk, was $737,341,000 and $757,069,000 at November 30, 2018 and May 31, 2018, respectively. The carrying amount of long-term debt, including current maturities, was $749,779,000 and $750,368,000 at November 30, 2018 and May 31, 2018, respectively.

NOTE Q – Subsequent Events

On December 31, 2018, the Pressure Cylinders segment sold the operating assets and real property related to its solder business to an affiliate of Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc. (“Lincoln”), for approximately $26,500,000. In addition, the parties have entered into a purchase agreement pursuant to which Lincoln will acquire certain brazing assets from the Company, with a net book value of approximately $1,900,000. The anticipated closing of the sale of the brazing assets is February 1, 2019. The Company expects to recognize a net gain in connection with these sales transactions.

Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Selected statements contained in this “Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” constitute “forward-looking statements” as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based, in whole or in part, on management’s beliefs, estimates, assumptions and currently available information. For a more detailed discussion of what constitutes a forward-looking statement and of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements, please refer to the “Safe Harbor Statement” in the beginning of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, “Part I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018 and “PART II – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis of market and industry trends, business developments, and the results of operations and financial position of Worthington Industries, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “our,” “Worthington,” or the “Company”), should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Item 1. – Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2018 (“fiscal 2018”) includes additional information about Worthington, our operations and our consolidated financial position and should be read in conjunction with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

As of November 30, 2018, excluding our joint ventures, we operated 34 manufacturing facilities worldwide, principally in three operating segments, which correspond with our reportable business segments: Steel Processing, Pressure Cylinders and Engineered Cabs.

As of November 30, 2018, we held equity positions in nine joint ventures, which operated 49 manufacturing facilities worldwide. Three of these joint ventures are consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture member(s) shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and their portions of net earnings and other comprehensive income shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively. The remaining six of these joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.

Overview

The Company delivered net sales growth of 10% for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 over the comparable period of fiscal 2018 on higher average direct selling prices in Steel Processing, partially offset by lower net sales in the consumer products business in Pressure Cylinders. Operating income for the current quarter was down $16.2 million, or 31% from the comparable prior year quarter as lower direct spreads in Steel Processing and an unfavorable product mix in Pressure Cylinders compressed margins. Higher conversion costs and lower scrap prices relative to the price of steel that has resulted from the ongoing steel tariffs continued to have a negative impact on direct spreads.

Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates (“equity income”) for the current quarter increased $4.7 million over the comparable prior year quarter due primarily to higher contributions from WAVE, up $4.7 million from the comparable prior year quarter, which had included catch-up allocations related to a new cost-sharing agreement between Worthington and Armstrong and resulted in a $3.6 million reduction in equity income. We received cash distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures of $90.5 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2019, which included $60.0 million of one-time special distributions from WAVE as discussed further below.

Recent Business Developments

•

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company repurchased a total of 1,500,000 common shares for $63.6 million at an average price of $42.39. During the first six months of fiscal 2019, the Company has repurchased a total of 2,300,000 common shares for $100.4 million.

•

On June 1, 2018, the Company announced certain organizational changes within Pressure Cylinders resulting in the consolidation of the alternative fuels business into the industrial products business unit.

•

On July 31, 2018, the Company sold the Garden City, Kansas and Dickinson, North Dakota oil & gas equipment manufacturing facilities to Palmer Mfg. & Tank Inc. for $20.3 million, net of selling costs.

•

On August 22, 2018, the Company announced the retirement of Mark Russell, President and Chief Operating Officer (“COO”). Andy Rose was named President, continuing as Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). Geoff Gilmore was named Executive Vice President and COO and will also continue to lead the Pressure Cylinders business.

•

On September 10, 2018, the Company announced the retirement of John Lamprinakos, President of Steel Processing. Geoff Gilmore will oversee the Steel Processing business.

•

In September 2018, the Company received a cash distribution of $35.0 million from WAVE representing the primary portion of its share of the proceeds received by Armstrong World Industries, Inc. (“AWI”) in connection with the pending sale of the combined international operations of WAVE and AWI. The Company expects to receive total proceeds of approximately $45.0 million in connection with the sale transaction. Refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates” for more information on this pending sale.

•

In October 2018, the Company received a $25.0 million one-time special cash distribution from WAVE in connection with a financing transaction completed by WAVE in October 2018.

•

On November 1, 2018, the Company announced that Joseph Hayek was named Vice President and CFO.

•

On December 18, 2018, the Board of Directors of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “Worthington Industries Board”) declared a quarterly dividend of $0.23 per common share payable on March 29, 2019, to shareholders of record on March 15, 2019.

•

On December 31, 2018, the Pressure Cylinders segment sold the operating assets and real property related to its solder business to an affiliate of Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc. for approximately $26.5 million. Refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE Q – Subsequent Events” for more information on this transaction.

Market & Industry Overview

We sell our products and services to a diverse customer base and a broad range of end markets. The breakdown of net sales by end market for the second quarter of each of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 is illustrated in the following chart:

The automotive industry is one of the largest consumers of flat-rolled steel, and thus the largest end market for our Steel Processing operating segment. Approximately 62% of Steel Processing’s net sales are to the automotive market. North American vehicle production, primarily by Ford, General Motors and FCA US (the “Detroit Three automakers”), has a considerable impact on the activity within this operating segment. The majority of the net sales of three of our unconsolidated joint ventures are also to the automotive market.

Approximately 12% of the net sales of our Steel Processing operating segment and 33% of the net sales of our Engineered Cabs operating segment are to the construction market. The construction market is also the predominant end market for two of our unconsolidated joint ventures: WAVE and ClarkDietrich. While the market price of steel significantly impacts these businesses, there are other key indicators that are meaningful in analyzing construction market demand, including U.S. gross domestic product (“GDP”), the Dodge Index of construction contracts and, in the case of ClarkDietrich, trends in the relative price of framing lumber and steel.

Substantially all of the net sales of our Pressure Cylinders operating segment, and approximately 26% and 67% of the net sales of our Steel Processing and Engineered Cabs operating segments, respectively, are to other markets such as consumer products, industrial products, lawn and garden, agriculture, oil & gas equipment, heavy truck, mining, forestry and appliance. Given the many different

products that make up these net sales and the wide variety of end markets, it is very difficult to detail the key market indicators that drive these portions of our business. However, we believe that the trend in U.S. GDP growth is a good economic indicator for analyzing these businesses.

We use the following information to monitor costs and assess demand in our major end markets:

	Three Months Ended November 30,									Six Months Ended November 30,
	2018			2017			Inc / (Dec)			2018			2017			Inc / (Dec)
U.S. GDP (% growth year-over-year) ¹		3.0	%		2.3	%		0.7	%		2.9	%		2.2	%		0.7	%
Hot-Rolled Steel ($ per ton) ²	$	836		$	608		$	228		$	868		$	606		$	262
Detroit Three Auto Build (000's vehicles) ³		2,248			2,128			120			4,388			4,207			181
No. America Auto Build (000's vehicles) ³		4,446			4,328			118			8,658			8,465			193
Zinc ($ per pound) ⁴	$	1.16		$	1.44		$	(0.28	)	$	1.23		$	1.35		$	(0.12	)
Natural Gas ($ per mcf) ⁵	$	3.37		$	2.99		$	0.38		$	3.13		$	2.97		$	0.16
On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices ($ per gallon) ⁶	$	3.30		$	2.83		$	0.47		$	3.27		$	2.68		$	0.59
Crude Oil - WTI ($ per barrel) ⁶	$	68.66		$	52.68		$	15.98		$	68.84		$	49.67		$	19.17

¹	2017 figures based on revised actuals ² CRU Hot-Rolled Index; period average ³ IHS Global ⁴ LME Zinc; period average ⁵ NYMEX Henry Hub Natural Gas; period average ⁶ Energy Information Administration; period average

U.S. GDP growth rate trends are generally indicative of the strength in demand and, in many cases, pricing for our products. A year-over-year increase in U.S. GDP growth rates is indicative of a stronger economy, which generally increases demand and pricing for our products. Conversely, decreasing U.S. GDP growth rates generally indicate a weaker economy. Changes in U.S. GDP growth rates can also signal changes in conversion costs related to production and in SG&A expense.

The market price of hot-rolled steel is one of the most significant factors impacting our selling prices and operating results. When steel prices fall, we typically have higher-priced material flowing through cost of goods sold, while selling prices compress to what the market will bear, negatively impacting our results. On the other hand, in a rising price environment, our results are generally favorably impacted, as lower-priced material purchased in previous periods flows through cost of goods sold, while our selling prices increase at a faster pace to cover current replacement costs.

The following table presents the average quarterly market price per ton of hot-rolled steel during fiscal 2019 (first and second quarters), fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017:


	Fiscal Year
(Dollars per ton ¹ )	2019		2018		2017
1st Quarter	$	900	$	604	$	617
2nd Quarter	$	836	$	608	$	511
3rd Quarter	N/A		$	674	$	608
4th Quarter	N/A		$	860	$	636
Annual Avg.	$	868	$	687	$	593

CRU Hot-Rolled Index, period average

No single customer contributed more than 10% of our consolidated net sales during the second quarter of fiscal 2019 or fiscal 2018. While our automotive business is largely driven by the production schedules of the Detroit Three automakers, our customer base is much broader and includes other domestic manufacturers and many of their suppliers. During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, vehicle production for the Detroit Three automakers was up 6%, while North American vehicle production as a whole was up 3% from the comparable period in the prior year.

Certain other commodities, such as zinc, natural gas and diesel fuel, represent a significant portion of our cost of goods sold, both directly through our manufacturing operations and indirectly through transportation and freight expense.

Results of Operations

Second Quarter – Fiscal 2019 Compared to Fiscal 2018

Consolidated Operations

The following table presents consolidated operating results for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,
				% of						% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	958.2			100.0	%	$	871.3			100.0	%	$	86.9
Cost of goods sold		837.3			87.4	%		731.2			83.9	%		106.1
Gross margin		120.9			12.6	%		140.1			16.1	%		(19.2	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		84.6			8.8	%		89.4			10.3	%		(4.8	)
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		-			0.0	%		8.3			1.0	%		(8.3	)
Restructuring and other expense (income), net		0.4			0.0	%		(9.7	)		-1.1	%		10.1
Operating income		35.9			3.7	%		52.1			6.0	%		(16.2	)
Miscellaneous income, net		1.3			0.1	%		1.3			0.1	%		(0.0	)
Interest expense		(9.5	)		-1.0	%		(10.0	)		-1.1	%		(0.5	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates (1)		21.1			2.2	%		16.4			1.9	%		4.7
Income tax expense		(11.1	)		-1.2	%		(18.2	)		-2.1	%		(7.1	)
Net earnings		37.7			3.9	%		41.6			4.8	%		(3.9	)
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests		3.7			0.4	%		2.2			0.3	%		1.5
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	34.0			3.5	%	$	39.4			4.5	%	$	(5.4	)

(1) Equity in net income by unconsolidated affiliate
WAVE	$	18.4					$	13.7					$	4.7
ClarkDietrich		(0.5	)					0.4						(0.9	)
Serviacero Worthington		2.7						1.5						1.2
ArtiFlex		0.4						0.9						(0.5	)
Other		0.1						(0.1	)					0.2
Total	$	21.1					$	16.4					$	4.7

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest for the three months ended November 30, 2018 decreased $5.4 million from the comparable period in the prior year. Net sales and operating highlights for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were as follows:

•

Net sales increased $86.9 million over the comparable period in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher average direct selling prices in Steel Processing, partially offset by lower net sales in the consumer products business in Pressure Cylinders.

•

Gross margin decreased $19.2 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to lower direct spreads in Steel Processing and an unfavorable product mix in Pressure Cylinders. Higher conversion costs and lower scrap prices relative to the price of steel that has resulted from the ongoing steel tariffs continued to have a negative impact on direct spreads.

•

Impairment and restructuring activity combined to reduce operating income by $1.8 million driven almost exclusively by prior year activity. The net restructuring gain realized in the prior year was driven by the sale of legacy real estate of the Company’s former stainless steel business, Precision Specialty Metals, Inc. (“PSM”). Impairment charges in the prior year related primarily to the former Worthington Energy Innovations, LLC (“WEI”) operating segment, which was sold in fiscal 2018.

•

SG&A expense decreased $4.8 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was due primarily to lower profit sharing and bonus accruals. Overall, SG&A expense was 8.8% of consolidated net sales compared to 10.3% in the comparable period of the prior year.

•

Interest expense decreased $0.5 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was due primarily to lower average debt levels.

•

Equity income increased $4.7 million over the comparable period in the prior year, due primarily to higher contributions from WAVE which were $4.7 million higher than the prior year quarter, which had included catch-up allocations related to a new cost-sharing agreement between Worthington and Armstrong and resulted in a $3.6 million reduction in equity income. Equity income from Serviacero Worthington, up $1.2 million, was offset by declines at ClarkDietrich and ArtiFlex, which were both impacted by higher input costs as a result of higher steel prices. We received cash distributions of $90.5 million from our unconsolidated affiliates during the quarter, including $60.0 million of one-time special distributions from WAVE. For additional information regarding our unconsolidated affiliates, refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”.

•

Income tax expense decreased $7.1 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was due primarily to lower earnings in the current quarter and a lower statutory federal corporate income tax rate associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”). The TCJA lowered the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The current quarter expense was calculated using an estimated annual effective income tax rate of 23.4% versus 30.0% in the prior year quarter. For additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE L – Income Taxes”.

Segment Operations

Steel Processing

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Steel Processing operating segment for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,
			% of						% of			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2018		Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	635.0		100.0	%	$	538.4			100.0	%	$	96.6
Cost of goods sold		576.0		90.7	%		474.1			88.1	%		101.9
Gross margin		59.0		9.3	%		64.3			11.9	%		(5.3	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		34.0		5.4	%		33.6			6.2	%		0.4
Restructuring and other income		-		0.0	%		(10.4	)		-1.9	%		10.4
Operating income	$	25.0		3.9	%	$	41.1			7.6	%	$	(16.1	)

Material cost	$	482.9				$	380.3					$	102.6
Tons shipped (in thousands)		951					922						29

Net sales and operating highlights for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were as follows:

•

Net sales increased $96.6 million over the comparable period in the prior year, as higher steel prices led to higher average direct selling prices, increasing net sales by $90.7 million. The mix of direct versus toll tons processed was 56% to 44% compared to 57% to 43% in the prior year quarter.

•

Operating income decreased $16.1 million from the comparable period in the prior year when the sale of the real estate of the Company’s former stainless steel business, PSM resulted in a net restructuring gain of $10.4 million. Excluding the restructuring gain, operating income in the current quarter was down $5.7 million, driven primarily by lower direct spreads, which continue to be negatively impacted by higher conversion costs and lower scrap prices relative to the price of steel that has resulted from the ongoing steel tariffs.

Pressure Cylinders

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Pressure Cylinders operating segment for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2018		Net sales			2017		Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	294.4		100.0	%	$	300.9		100.0	%	$	(6.5	)
Cost of goods sold		234.5		79.7	%		228.5		75.9	%		6.0
Gross margin		59.9		20.3	%		72.4		24.1	%		(12.5	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		44.7		15.2	%		46.4		15.4	%		(1.7	)
Impairment of long-lived assets		-		0.0	%		1.0		0.3	%		(1.0	)
Restructuring and other expense		0.4		0.1	%		0.4		0.1	%		-
Operating income	$	14.8		5.0	%	$	24.6		8.2	%	$	(9.8	)

Material cost	$	133.5				$	130.0				$	3.5

Net sales by principal class of products:
Consumer products	$	117.2				$	123.2				$	(6.0	)
Industrial products		152.0					152.4					(0.4	)
Oil & gas equipment		25.2					25.3					(0.1	)
Total Pressure Cylinders	$	294.4				$	300.9				$	(6.5	)

Units shipped by principal class of products:
Consumer products		16,980,934					19,498,496					(2,517,562	)
Industrial products		3,162,063					3,822,608					(660,545	)
Oil & gas equipment		314					719					(405	)
Total Pressure Cylinders		20,143,311					23,321,823					(3,178,512	)

Net sales and operating highlights for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were as follows:

•

Net sales decreased $6.5 million from the comparable period in the prior year due primarily to lower volumes in the consumer products business which benefited from hurricane-driven demand in the prior year. Volume decreases in the industrial products and oil & gas businesses were largely offset by favorable pricing and a shift in mix to higher priced, lower margin products.

•

Operating income decreased $9.8 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was driven primarily by lower gross margin, down $12.5 million due to an unfavorable product mix, higher conversion costs and lower volumes.

Engineered Cabs

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Engineered Cabs operating segment for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended November 30,
				% of						% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	28.7			100.0	%	$	30.5			100.0	%	$	(1.8	)
Cost of goods sold		27.7			96.5	%		27.9			91.5	%		(0.2	)
Gross margin		1.0			3.5	%		2.6			8.5	%		(1.6	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		4.4			15.3	%		4.2			13.8	%		0.2
Restructuring and other income		-			0.0	%		(0.1	)		-0.3	%		0.1
Operating loss	$	(3.4	)		-11.8	%	$	(1.5	)		-4.9	%	$	(1.9	)

Material cost	$	12.6					$	15.0					$	(2.4	)

Net sales and operating highlights for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were as follows:

•

Net sales decreased $1.8 million from the comparable period in the prior year on lower volume.

•

Operating loss increased $1.9 million from the comparable period in the prior year primarily due to lower volumes and start-up costs associated with a new fabricated products operation.

Other

The Other category includes certain income and expense items not allocated to our operating segments, including costs associated with our captive insurance company. The Other category also includes the results of our former WEI operating segment, on a historical basis, through March 31, 2018. The following table presents a summary of operating results for the Other Category for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended November 30,
				% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales		2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	-			-	$	1.6			100.0	%	$	(1.6	)
Cost of goods sold		(0.9	)		-		0.9			56.3	%		(1.8	)
Gross margin		0.9			-		0.7			43.8	%		0.2
Selling, general and administrative expense		1.4			-		5.3			331.3	%		(3.9	)
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		-			-		7.3			456.3	%		(7.3	)
Restructuring and other expense		-			-		0.3			18.8	%		(0.3	)
Operating loss	$	(0.5	)		-	$	(12.2	)		-762.5	%	$	11.7

Operating highlights for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 were as follows:

•

Operating loss of $0.5 million represented an improvement of $11.7 million from the $12.2 million operating loss for the comparable period in the prior year when there were lower earnings at WEI driven by a $7.3 million impairment of goodwill and certain intangible assets and higher SG&A expense due to an increase in non-allocated corporate costs.

Six Months Year-to-Date – Fiscal 2019 Compared to Fiscal 2018

Consolidated Operations

The following table presents consolidated operating results for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended November 30,
				% of						% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	1,946.3			100.0	%	$	1,719.5			100.0	%	$	226.8
Cost of goods sold		1,682.4			86.4	%		1,446.6			84.1	%		235.8
Gross margin		263.9			13.6	%		272.9			15.9	%		(9.0	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		175.2			9.0	%		177.7			10.3	%		(2.5	)
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		2.4			0.1	%		8.3			0.5	%		(5.9	)
Restructuring and other income		(0.5	)		0.0	%		(7.4	)		-0.4	%		6.9
Operating income		86.8			4.5	%		94.3			5.5	%		(7.5	)
Miscellaneous income, net		1.6			0.1	%		1.6			0.1	%		-
Interest expense		(19.2	)		-1.0	%		(18.8	)		-1.1	%		0.4
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates (1)		51.1			2.6	%		43.8			2.5	%		7.3
Income tax expense		(25.6	)		-1.3	%		(31.2	)		-1.8	%		(5.6	)
Net earnings		94.7			4.9	%		89.7			5.2	%		5.0
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests		5.8			0.3	%		4.8			0.3	%		1.0
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	88.9			4.6	%	$	84.9			4.9	%	$	4.0

(1) Equity income by unconsolidated affiliate
WAVE	$	40.4					$	36.0					$	4.4
ClarkDietrich		3.0						1.1						1.9
Serviacero Worthington		6.3						4.5						1.8
ArtiFlex		1.2						2.3						(1.1	)
Other		0.2						(0.1	)					0.3
Total	$	51.1					$	43.8					$	7.3

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest for the six months ended November 30, 2018 increased $4.0 million over the comparable period in the prior year. Net sales and operating highlights for the six months ended November 30, 2018 were as follows:

•

Net sales increased $226.8 million over the comparable period in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher average selling prices and higher direct volume in Steel Processing, which increased net sales by $179.7 million, and $30.3 million, respectively. The remaining increase in net sales was driven by the combination of higher average selling prices and favorable product mix in the industrial and consumer products businesses of Pressure Cylinders, partially offset by volume decreases in the consumer products business of Pressure Cylinders and in Engineered Cabs.

•

Gross margin decreased $9.0 million from the comparable period in the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to lower direct spreads in Steel Processing and an unfavorable product mix in Pressure Cylinders. Higher conversion costs and lower scrap prices relative to the price of steel that has resulted from the ongoing steel tariffs continued to have a negative impact on direct spreads.

•

SG&A expense decreased $2.5 million from the comparable prior year period. The decrease was driven by lower profit sharing and bonus accruals as a result of lower pre-tax earnings.

•

Impairment and restructuring activity combined to reduce operating income by $1.0 million as lower impairment charges were more than offset by the net restructuring gain realized in the prior year as a result of the sale of legacy real estate of the Company’s former stainless steel business, PSM. Current year impairment charges of $2.4 million related to the Company’s cryogenics business in Turkey, which is in the process of being sold. Impairment charges in the prior year period related primarily to the former WEI operating segment, which was sold in fiscal 2018.

•

Interest expense increased $0.4 million over the comparable period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to the July 28, 2017 issuance of $200.0 million of senior unsecured notes due August 1, 2032, partially offset by lower average debt levels.

•

Equity income increased $7.3 million over the comparable period in the prior year due primarily to higher contributions from WAVE and ClarkDietrich. WAVE’s contribution to equity income was $4.4 million higher than the prior year period, which had included catch-up allocations related to a new cost-sharing agreement between Worthington and Armstrong and resulted in a $3.6 million reduction in equity income. Equity income at ClarkDietrich was $1.9 million higher than the comparable prior year period primarily as a result of price increases, partially offset by lower volume. We received distributions of $110.5 million from our unconsolidated affiliates during the six months ended November 30, 2018, including $60.0 million of one-time special distributions from WAVE. For additional information regarding our unconsolidated affiliates, refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”.

•

Income tax expense decreased $5.6 million from the comparable period in the prior year due primarily to a lower statutory federal corporate income tax rate associated with the TCJA, partially offset by the impact of favorable discrete items. The TCJA lowered the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The current period tax expense was calculated using an estimated annual effective income tax rate of 23.4% versus 30.0% in the prior year comparable period. Discrete items in the six months ended November 30, 2018 decreased income tax expense by $2.1 million and were primarily associated with share-based payment awards. Discrete items in the prior comparable period decreased income tax expense by $6.8 million, and included a benefit of $3.8 million related to the AMTROL acquisition and a $3.1 million benefit associated with share-based payment awards. For additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE L – Income Taxes”.

Segment Operations

Steel Processing

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Steel Processing operating segment for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended November 30,
			% of						% of			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2018		Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	1,295.5		100.0	%	$	1,081.9			100.0	%	$	213.6
Cost of goods sold		1,156.8		89.3	%		947.9			87.6	%		208.9
Gross margin		138.7		10.7	%		134.0			12.4	%		4.7
Selling, general and administrative expense		74.0		5.7	%		70.1			6.5	%		3.9
Restructuring and other income		-		0.0	%		(10.1	)		-0.9	%		10.1
Operating income	$	64.7		5.0	%	$	74.0			6.8	%	$	(9.3	)

Material cost	$	961.0				$	759.5					$	201.5
Tons shipped (in thousands)		1,934					1,890						44

Net sales and operating highlights for the six months ended November 30, 2018 were as follows:

•

Net sales increased $213.6 million over the comparable period in the prior year driven by higher direct selling prices, which increased net sales by $177.3 million, and higher direct volume. The mix of direct versus toll tons processed was 57% to 43% compared to 56% to 44% in the comparable period of fiscal 2018.

•

Operating income decreased $9.3 million from the comparable period in the prior year when the sale of the PSM real estate resulted in a net restructuring gain of $10.1 million. Excluding the restructuring gain, operating income was up slightly as the increase in shipments was largely offset by higher conversion costs, freight and negative impact of lower scrap prices relative to the price of steel.

Pressure Cylinders

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Pressure Cylinders operating segment for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended November 30,
				% of					% of			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2018			Net sales			2017		Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	594.8			100.0	%	$	570.7		100.0	%	$	24.1
Cost of goods sold		471.9			79.3	%		440.5		77.2	%		31.4
Gross margin		122.9			20.7	%		130.2		22.8	%		(7.3	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		91.5			15.4	%		91.8		16.1	%		(0.3	)
Impairment of long-lived assets		2.4			0.4	%		1.0		0.2	%		1.4
Restructuring and other (income) expense		(0.5	)		-0.1	%		2.3		0.4	%		(2.8	)
Operating income	$	29.5			5.0	%	$	35.1		6.2	%	$	(5.6	)

Material cost	$	272.2					$	250.6				$	21.6

Net sales by principal class of products:
Consumer products	$	234.0					$	231.9				$	2.1
Industrial products		304.9						289.1					15.8
Oil & gas equipment		55.9						49.7					6.2
Total Pressure Cylinders	$	594.8					$	570.7				$	24.1

Units shipped by principal class of products:
Consumer products		34,709,912						35,852,923					(1,143,011	)
Industrial products		7,231,559						7,908,754					(677,195	)
Oil & gas equipment		938						1,422					(484	)
Total Pressure Cylinders		41,942,409						43,763,099					(1,820,690	)

Net sales and operating highlights for the six months ended November 30, 2018 were as follows:

•

Net sales increased $24.1 million over the comparable period in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher average selling prices and a shift in mix to higher priced, lower margin products in the industrial and consumer products businesses.

•

Operating income decreased $5.6 million from the comparable period in the prior year driven by lower gross margin due primarily to unfavorable product mix, higher conversion costs and lower volume.

Engineered Cabs

The following table presents a summary of operating results for our Engineered Cabs operating segment for the periods indicated:

	Six Months Ended November 30,
				% of						% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales			2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	56.0			100.0	%	$	62.4			100.0	%	$	(6.4	)
Cost of goods sold		54.8			97.9	%		55.9			89.6	%		(1.1	)
Gross margin		1.2			2.1	%		6.5			10.4	%		(5.3	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		8.9			15.9	%		8.5			13.6	%		0.4
Restructuring and other income		-			0.0	%		(0.1	)		-0.2	%		0.1
Operating loss	$	(7.7	)		-13.8	%	$	(1.9	)		-3.0	%	$	(5.8	)

Material cost	$	24.9					$	29.2					$	(4.3	)

Net sales and operating highlights for the six months ended November 30, 2018 were as follows:

•

Net sales decreased $6.4 million from the comparable period in the prior year on lower volume.

•

Operating loss increased $5.8 million over the comparable period in the prior year primarily due to lower volume following the final exit of lower margin business and start-up costs associated with a new fabricated products operation.

Other

	Six Months Ended November 30,
				% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2018			Net sales		2017			Net sales			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	-			-	$	4.6			100.0	%	$	(4.6	)
Cost of goods sold		(1.1	)		-		2.5			54.3	%		(3.6	)
Gross margin		1.1			-		2.1			45.7	%		(1.0	)
Selling, general and administrative expense		0.8			-		7.3			158.7	%		(6.5	)
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		-			-		7.3			158.7	%		(7.3	)
Restructuring and other expense		-			-		0.4			8.7	%		(0.4	)
Operating income (loss)	$	0.3			-	$	(12.9	)		-280.4	%	$	13.2

Operating highlights for the six months ended November 30, 2018 were as follows:

•

Operating income of $0.3 million represented an improvement of $13.2 million from the $12.9 million operating loss for the comparable period in the prior year when there was lower earnings at WEI driven by a $7.3 million impairment of goodwill and certain intangible assets and higher SG&A expense due to an increase in non-allocated corporate costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the six months ended November 30, 2018, we generated $75.1 million of cash from operating activities, received $20.4 million in proceeds from asset sales, net of selling costs, invested $41.2 million in property, plant and equipment, received $55.2 million in excess distributions from WAVE, and paid dividends of $26.3 million on our common shares. Additionally, we paid $100.4 million to repurchase 2,300,000 of our common shares. The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows for the periods presented:

	Six Months Ended November 30,
(in millions)	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	75.1		$	102.7
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities		34.5			(310.0	)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities		(138.6	)		51.4
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(29.0	)		(155.9	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		122.0			278.1
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	93.0		$	122.2

We believe we have access to adequate resources to meet the needs of our existing businesses for normal operating costs, mandatory capital expenditures, debt redemptions, dividend payments, and working capital. These resources include cash and cash equivalents, cash provided by operating activities and unused lines of credit. We also believe that we have adequate access to the financial markets to allow us to be in a position to sell long-term debt or equity securities. However, uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets may impact our ability to access capital and the terms under which we can do so.

Operating Activities

Our business is cyclical and cash flows from operating activities may fluctuate during the year and from year to year due to economic conditions. We rely on cash and short-term borrowings to meet cyclical increases in working capital needs. These needs generally rise during periods of increased economic activity or increasing raw material prices due to higher levels of inventory and accounts receivable. During economic slowdowns, or periods of decreasing raw material costs, working capital needs generally decrease as a result of the reduction of inventories and accounts receivable.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $75.1 million during the six months ended November 30, 2018 compared to $102.7 million in the comparable period of fiscal 2018. The decrease was driven primarily by changes in working capital.

Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities was $34.5 million during the six months ended November 30, 2018 compared to a net cash outflow of $310.0 million in the comparable prior year period. The change from the prior year period was driven primarily by the acquisition of AMTROL on June 2, 2017, which reduced cash by $285.0 million, net of cash acquired. We also made capital expenditures of $41.2 million, received $20.4 million in proceeds from asset sales, net of selling costs primarily from the sale of the Garden City, Kansas and Dickinson, North Dakota oil & gas equipment manufacturing facilities, and received $55.2 million of excess distributions from WAVE during the first six months of fiscal 2019, driven by a $35.0 million special distribution related to the pending sale of the international operations and a $25.0 million special distribution in connection with a financing transaction.

Investment activities are largely discretionary, and future investment activities could be reduced significantly, or eliminated, as economic conditions warrant. We assess acquisition opportunities as they arise, and such opportunities may require additional financing. There can be no assurance, however, that any such opportunities will arise, that any such acquisitions will be consummated, or that any needed additional financing will be available on satisfactory terms when required.

Financing Activities

Net cash used by financing activities was $138.6 million during the six months ended November 30, 2018 compared to a net cash inflow of $51.4 million in the comparable prior year period. The change from the prior year period was driven primarily by the issuance of $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes on July 28, 2017, partially offset by lower share repurchases in the current year.

Long-term debt and short-term borrowings – As of November 30, 2018, we were in compliance with our short-term and long-term financial debt covenants. Our debt agreements do not include credit rating triggers or material adverse change provisions. Our credit ratings at November 30, 2018 were unchanged from those reported as of May 31, 2018.

Common shares – The Worthington Industries Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.23 per common share for the second quarter of fiscal 2019 compared to $0.21 per common share for the second quarter of fiscal 2018. Dividends paid on our common shares totaled $26.3 million and $26.0 million during the six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. On December 18, 2018, the Worthington Industries Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.23 per share payable on March 29, 2019, to shareholders of record on March 15, 2019.

On September 27, 2017, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,828,855 of the outstanding common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. These shares may be repurchased from time to time with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. As of November 30, 2018, 4,200,000 shares remained available for repurchase.

Dividend Policy

We currently have no material contractual or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends. Dividends are declared at the discretion of the Worthington Industries Board. The Worthington Industries Board reviews the dividend quarterly and establishes the dividend rate based upon our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, current and projected cash flows, business prospects, and other relevant factors. While we have paid a dividend every quarter since becoming a public company in 1968, there is no guarantee that payments will continue in the future.

Contractual Cash Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments

Our contractual cash obligations and other commercial commitments have not changed significantly from those disclosed in “Part II – Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Cash Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments” of our 2018 Form 10-K.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have guarantees or other off-balance sheet financing arrangements that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. However, as of November 30, 2018, we were party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we have guaranteed a residual value at the termination of the lease. The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $7.8 million at November 30, 2018. Based on current facts and circumstances, we have

estimated the likelihood of payment pursuant to this guarantee is not probable and, therefore, no amounts have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Critical Accounting Policies

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to our valuation of receivables, inventories, intangible assets, accrued liabilities, income and other tax accruals, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These results form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Critical accounting policies are defined as those that reflect our significant judgments and uncertainties that could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Although actual results historically have not deviated significantly from those determined using our estimates, our consolidated financial position or results of operations could be materially different if we were to report under different conditions or to use different assumptions in the application of such policies. Except for the accounting policy for revenue recognition that was updated as a result of adopting Topic 606, our critical accounting policies have not significantly changed from those discussed in “Part II – Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies” of our 2018 Form 10-K. For additional information on the adoption and impact of Topic 606 refer to “Item 1. – Financial Statements – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – NOTE B – Revenue Recognition” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

As a result of changes in the facts and circumstances related to the planned sale of the Company’s cryogenics business in Turkey, Worthington Aritas, the Company lowered its estimate of fair value less cost to sell, to $7.0 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $2.4 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying amount of approximately $34 million. However, it is reasonably possible any change in the estimated future cash flows may result in an impairment.

Item 3. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risks have not changed significantly from those disclosed in “Part II – Item 7A. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of our 2018 Form 10-K.

Item 4. – Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures [as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)] that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended November 30, 2018). Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended November 30, 2018) in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. – Legal Proceedings

Various legal actions, which generally have arisen in the ordinary course of business, are pending against the Company. None of this pending litigation, individually or collectively, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. – Risk Factors

There are certain risks and uncertainties in our business that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. In “PART I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of our 2018 Form 10-K, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2018, and available at www.sec.gov or at www.worthingtonindustries.com, we included a detailed discussion of our risk factors. Other than as noted below, our risk factors have not changed significantly from those disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K. These risk factors should be read carefully in connection with evaluating our business and in connection with the forward-looking statements and other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Any of the risks described in our 2018 Form 10-K could materially affect our business, consolidated financial condition or future results and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made. The risk factors described in our 2018 Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, consolidated financial condition and/or future results.

Risks related to actions with respect to international trade by the U.S. government and foreign governments. The U.S. government altered its approach to international trade policy and in some cases has renegotiated or is attempting to renegotiate, or potentially terminate, certain existing bilateral or multi-lateral trade agreements and treaties with foreign countries, including the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”). In addition, the U.S. government has initiated or is considering imposing tariffs on certain foreign goods, including steel. Related to this action, certain foreign governments, including Canada, China, the European Union and Mexico have initiated or are considering imposing tariffs on certain U.S. goods. It remains unclear what additional actions the U.S. government or foreign governments will or will not take with respect to tariffs, NAFTA or other international trade agreements and policies. A trade war or other governmental action related to tariffs or international trade agreements or policies has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, suppliers and/or the U.S. economy or certain sectors thereof and, thus, to adversely impact our businesses.

Item 2. – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information about purchases made by, or on behalf of, Worthington Industries, Inc. or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a) (3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. during each month of the quarterly period ended November 30, 2018:

					Total Number of
					Common Shares
					Purchased as		Maximum Number of
	Total Number		Average Price		Part of Publicly		Common Shares that
	of Common		Paid per		Announced		May Yet Be
	Shares		Common		Plans or		Purchased Under the
Period	Purchased		Share		Programs		Plans or Programs (1)
September 1-30, 2018 (2)		117,700	$	43.28		100,000		5,600,000
October 1-31, 2018		1,089,000		42.12		1,089,000		4,511,000
November 1-30, 2018		311,000		43.18		311,000		4,200,000
Total		1,517,700	$	42.42		1,500,000

(1)

On September 27, 2017, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,828,855 of the outstanding common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. The numbers shown in this column represent, as of the end of each period, the maximum number of common shares that were available for repurchase under this authorization. A total of 2,628,855 common shares have been repurchased under this authorization, leaving 4,200,000 common shares available for repurchase at November 30, 2018. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately negotiated transactions.

(2)

Includes an aggregate of 17,700 common shares surrendered by employees in September 2018 to satisfy tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted common shares. These common shares were not counted against the share repurchase authorization in effect throughout the second quarter of fiscal 2019 and discussed in footnote (1) above.

Item 3. – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. – Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6. – Exhibits

Exhibit No.		Description


3.1		Amended Articles of Incorporation of Worthington Industries, Inc., as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on October 13, 1998 P (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. for the quarterly period ended August 31, 1998 (SEC File No. 0-4016))

3.2		Code of Regulations of Worthington Industries, Inc. (reflecting all amendments through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) [This document represents the Code of Regulations of Worthington Industries, Inc. in compiled form incorporating all amendments.] (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2000 (SEC File No. 1-8399))

10.1		Restricted Stock Award Agreement entered into by Worthington Industries, Inc. with B. Andrew Rose in order to evidence the grant, effective as of September 26, 2018, of 175,000 performance-based restricted common shares pursuant to the Worthington Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated 1997 Long-Term Incentive Plan *

10.2		Restricted Stock Award Agreement entered into by Worthington Industries, Inc. with Geoffrey G. Gilmore in order to evidence the grant, effective as of September 26, 2018, of 50,000 performance-based restricted common shares pursuant to the Worthington Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated 1997 Long-Term Incentive Plan *

10.3		Amendment No. 1 to Restricted Stock Award Agreement entered into by Worthington Industries, Inc. with Geoffrey G. Gilmore, effective as of September 26, 2018, in order to amend the Restricted Stock Award Agreement, effective as of June 24, 2014, evidencing the grant of 25,000 performance-based restricted common shares to Mr. Gilmore pursuant to the Worthington Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated 1997 Long-Term Incentive Plan *

10.4		Amendment No. 9, dated as of November 30, 2018, to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of November 30, 2000, among the various Remaining Originators listed therein, Worthington Torch, LLC and Worthington Receivables Corporation *

31.1		Rule 13a - 14(a) / 15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Executive Officer) *

31.2		Rule 13a - 14(a) / 15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Financial Officer) *

32.1		Certifications of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**

32.2		Certifications of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document #

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document #

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document #

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document #

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document #

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document #

*	Filed herewith.

**	Furnished herewith.

#	Attached as Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. are the following documents formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language):

(i)

Consolidated Balance Sheets at November 30, 2018 and May 31, 2018;

(ii)

Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017;

(iii)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017;

(iv)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and six months ended November 30, 2018 and 2017; and

(v)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

Date: January 9, 2019	By:	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
		Joseph B. Hayek,
		Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(On behalf of the Registrant and as Principal
		Financial Officer)