BROOKLINE BANCORP INC - Quarter Report: 2016 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016

Commission file number 0-23695

Brookline Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		04-3402944
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

131 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA		02116
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(617) 425-4600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES x NO o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.

Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller Reporting Company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES o NO x

At November 4, 2016, the number of shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding was 70,532,995.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

Index



		Page
Part I	Financial Information

Item 1.	Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

	Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015	1

	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	2

	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	3

	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	4

	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	6

	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	54

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	90

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	92

Part II	Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	93

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	93

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	93

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	93

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	93

Item 5.	Other Information	93

Item 6.	Exhibits	94

	Signatures	95

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets

	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
ASSETS	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Cash and due from banks	$	32,196		$	28,753
Short-term investments	32,351			46,736
Total cash and cash equivalents	64,547			75,489
Investment securities available-for-sale	524,295			513,201
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $78,079 and $93,695)	77,094			93,757
Total investment securities	601,389			606,958
Loans and leases held-for-sale	21,109			13,383
Loans and leases:
Commercial real estate loans	2,883,428			2,664,394
Commercial loans and leases	1,470,866			1,374,296
Indirect automobile loans	7,607			13,678
Consumer loans	970,399			943,172
Total loans and leases	5,332,300			4,995,540
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(58,892		)	(56,739		)
Net loans and leases	5,273,408			4,938,801
Restricted equity securities	65,683			66,117
Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $57,032 and $51,722, respectively	75,462			78,156
Deferred tax asset	22,894			26,817
Goodwill	137,890			137,890
Identified intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $31,028 and $29,149, respectively	8,754			10,633
Other real estate owned ("OREO") and repossessed assets, net	1,152			1,343
Other assets	108,024			86,751
Total assets	$	6,380,312		$	6,042,338
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing deposits:
Demand checking accounts	$	889,278		$	799,117
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW accounts	298,629			283,972
Savings accounts	591,156			540,788
Money market accounts	1,679,797			1,594,269
Certificate of deposit accounts	1,106,046			1,087,872
Total interest-bearing deposits	3,675,628			3,506,901
Total deposits	4,564,906			4,306,018
Borrowed funds:
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston ("FHLBB")	900,971			861,866
Subordinated debentures and notes	83,043			82,936
Other borrowed funds	38,639			38,227
Total borrowed funds	1,022,653			983,029
Mortgagors’ escrow accounts	8,166			7,516
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	81,670			72,289
Total liabilities	5,677,395			5,368,852

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

Stockholders' Equity:
Brookline Bancorp, Inc. stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 75,744,445 shares issued	757			757
Additional paid-in capital	616,142			616,899
Retained earnings, partially restricted	129,740			109,675
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)	4,896			(2,476		)
Treasury stock, at cost; 4,734,512 shares and 4,861,554 shares, respectively	(54,151		)	(56,208		)
Unallocated common stock held by the Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"); 185,787 shares and 213,066 shares, respectively	(1,013		)	(1,162		)
Total Brookline Bancorp, Inc. stockholders’ equity	696,371			667,485
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	6,546			6,001
Total stockholders' equity	702,917			673,486
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	6,380,312		$	6,042,338

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans and leases	$	57,858	$	52,725	$	167,474	$	157,790
Debt securities	2,822		2,866		8,829		8,480
Marketable and restricted equity securities	804		1,079		2,213		2,094
Short-term investments	47		17		149		98
Total interest and dividend income	61,531		56,687		178,665		168,462

Interest expense:
Deposits	5,112		4,326		14,875		12,926
Borrowed funds	4,069		3,774		11,980		11,249
Total interest expense	9,181		8,100		26,855		24,175

Net interest income	52,350		48,587		151,810		144,287
Provision for credit losses	2,215		1,755		7,138		5,931
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	50,135		46,832		144,672		138,356

Non-interest income:
Deposit fees	2,289		2,261		6,650		6,522
Loan fees	330		205		977		818
Loan level derivative income, net	858		900		3,697		1,841
Gain on sales of loans and leases	588		446		1,986		1,594
Other	1,264		972		3,893		3,346
Total non-interest income	5,329		4,784		17,203		14,121

Non-interest expense:
Compensation and employee benefits	20,369		17,875		58,179		52,484
Occupancy	3,411		3,535		10,328		10,444
Equipment and data processing	3,826		3,600		11,468		11,300
Professional services	997		984		2,925		3,241
FDIC insurance	956		929		2,677		2,627
Advertising and marketing	844		878		2,558		2,449
Amortization of identified intangible assets	623		725		1,879		2,187
Other	2,362		2,744		7,707		8,316
Total non-interest expense	33,388		31,270		97,721		93,048

Income before provision for income taxes	22,076		20,346		64,154		59,429
Provision for income taxes	7,804		6,897		22,868		21,116
Net income before noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	14,272		13,449		41,286		38,313

Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	655		561		2,203		1,857
Net income attributable to Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	$	13,617	$	12,888	$	39,083	$	36,456

Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.56	$	0.52
Diluted	0.19		0.18		0.56		0.52

Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period:
Basic	70,299,722		70,129,056		70,228,127		70,071,999
Diluted	70,450,760		70,240,020		70,394,465		70,207,983

Dividends declared per common share	$	0.090	$	0.090	$	0.270	$	0.265

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Net income before noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	$	14,272		$	13,449		$	41,286		$	38,313

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes:

Investment securities available-for-sale:
Unrealized securities holding (losses) gains	(1,672		)	4,608			11,486			4,495
Income tax expense (benefit)	599			(1,642		)	(4,114		)	(1,682		)
Net unrealized securities holding (losses) gains	(1,073		)	2,966			7,372			2,813

Postretirement benefits:
Adjustment of accumulated obligation for postretirement benefits	—			—			—			—
Income tax expense	—			—			—			—
Net adjustment of accumulated obligation for postretirement benefits	—			—			—			—

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes	(1,073		)	2,966			7,372			2,813

Comprehensive income	13,199			16,415			48,658			41,126
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	655			561			2,203			1,857
Comprehensive income attributable to Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	$	12,544		$	15,854		$	46,455		$	39,269

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Treasury Stock			Unallocated Common Stock Held by ESOP			Total Brookline Bancorp, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity			Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary			Total Equity
	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	757	$	616,899		$	109,675		$	(2,476	)	$	(56,208	)	$	(1,162	)	$	667,485		$	6,001		$	673,486

Net income attributable to Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	—		—			39,083			—			—			—			39,083			—			39,083

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			2,203			2,203

Issuance of noncontrolling units	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			76			76

Other comprehensive income	—		—			—			7,372			—			—			7,372			—			7,372

Common stock dividends of $0.27 per share	—		—			(19,018		)	—			—			—			(19,018		)	—			(19,018		)

Dividend to owners of noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			(1,734		)	(1,734		)

Compensation under recognition and retention plans	—		(1,023		)	—			—			2,057			—			1,034			—			1,034

Common stock held by ESOP committed to be released (27,279 shares)	—		266			—			—			—			149			415			—			415

Balance at September 30, 2016	$	757	$	616,142		$	129,740		$	4,896		$	(54,151	)	$	(1,013	)	$	696,371		$	6,546		$	702,917

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings*			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Treasury Stock			Unallocated Common Stock Held by ESOP			Total Brookline Bancorp, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity*			Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary			Total Equity*
	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	757	$	617,475		$	84,860		$	(1,622	)	$	(58,282	)	$	(1,370	)	$	641,818		$	4,787		$	646,605

Net income attributable to Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	—		—			36,456			—			—			—			36,456			—			36,456

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			1,857			1,857

Issuance of noncontrolling units	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			65			65

Other comprehensive income	—		—			—			2,813			—			—			2,813			—			2,813

Common stock dividends of $0.265 per share	—		—			(18,632		)	—			—			—			(18,632		)	—			(18,632		)

Dividend to owners of noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	—		—			—			—			—			—			—			(1,437		)	(1,437		)

Compensation under recognition and retention plans	—		(1,313		)	—			—			2,080			—			767			—			767

Common stock held by ESOP committed to be released (28,737 shares)	—		90			—			—			—			156			246			—			246

Balance at September 30, 2015	$	757	$	616,252		$	102,684		$	1,191		$	(56,202	)	$	(1,214	)	$	663,468		$	5,272		$	668,740

(*) Previously reported amounts prior to January 1, 2015 have been restated to reflect a retrospective change in accounting principle for investments in qualified affordable housing projects, in accordance with ASU 2014-01. Refer to Note 8, "Investments in Qualified Affordable Projects".

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income attributable to Brookline Bancorp, Inc.	$	39,083		$	36,456
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities:
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	2,203			1,857
Provision for credit losses	7,138			5,931
Origination of loans and leases held-for-sale	(35,568		)	(33,366		)
Proceeds from loans and leases held-for-sale, net	37,516			24,984
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense	(191		)	275
Depreciation of premises and equipment	5,320			5,313
Amortization of investment securities premiums and discounts, net	1,787			1,381
Amortization of deferred loan and lease origination costs, net	4,438			3,808
Amortization of identified intangible assets	1,879			2,187
Amortization of debt issuance costs	56			56
Accretion of acquisition fair value adjustments, net	(3,105		)	(4,829		)
Gain on sales of loans and leases	(1,986		)	(1,594		)
Gain on sales of OREO and repossessed assets, net	84			66
Write-down of OREO and repossessed assets	51			143
Compensation under recognition and retention plans	1,250			673
ESOP shares committed to be released	415			246
Net change in:
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance	(782		)	(779		)
Other assets	(20,493		)	(8,280		)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	8,661			(3,738		)
Net cash provided from operating activities	47,756			30,790

Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal repayments of investment securities available-for-sale	76,207			77,612
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale	(77,275		)	(50,538		)
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and principal repayments of investment securities held-to-maturity	41,381			5,894
Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity	(25,045		)	(68,454		)
Proceeds from redemption of restricted equity securities	2,817			—
Purchases of restricted equity securities	(2,383		)	(749		)
Proceeds from sales of loans and leases held-for-investment, net	23,116			267,164
Net increase in loans and leases	(377,638		)	(282,826		)
Proceeds from sales of OREO and repossessed assets	2,479			5,844
Purchase of premises and equipment, net	(2,747		)	(2,289		)
Net cash used for investing activities	(339,088		)	(48,342		)

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Increase in demand checking, NOW, savings and money market accounts	240,714			68,787
Increase in certificates of deposit	18,247			117,814
Proceeds from FHLBB advances	5,137,549			3,324,000
Repayment of FHLBB advances	(5,096,506		)	(3,477,038		)
Increase (decrease) in other borrowed funds, net	412			(11,181		)
Increase (decrease) in mortgagors’ escrow accounts, net	650			(505		)
Payment of dividends on common stock	(19,018		)	(18,632		)
Proceeds from issuance of noncontrolling units	76			65
Payment of dividends to owners of noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	(1,734		)	(1,437		)
Net cash provided from financing activities	280,390			1,873

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(10,942		)	(15,679		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	75,489			62,723
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	64,547		$	47,044

Supplemental disclosures of cash flows information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest on deposits, borrowed funds and subordinated debt	$	30,005		$	27,527
Income taxes	22,949			21,686
Non-cash investing activities:
Transfer from loans and leases to loans and leases held-for-sale	$	8,284		$	—
Transfer from loans to other real estate owned	2,423			5,898

See accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(1) Basis of Presentation

Overview

Brookline Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a bank holding company (within the meaning of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended) and the parent of Brookline Bank, a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank; Bank Rhode Island (“BankRI”), a Rhode Island-chartered financial institution; and First Ipswich Bank (“First Ipswich”), a Massachusetts-chartered trust company (collectively referred to as the “Banks”). The Banks are all members of the Federal Reserve System. The Company is also the parent of Brookline Securities Corp. The Company’s primary business is to provide commercial, business, and retail banking services to its corporate, municipal, and individual customers through the Banks and its non-bank subsidiaries.

Brookline Bank, which includes its wholly-owned subsidiaries BBS Investment Corp., Longwood Securities Corp. and its 84.4% owned subsidiary, Eastern Funding LLC ("Eastern Funding"), operates 25 full-service banking offices in the greater Boston metropolitan area. BankRI, which includes its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Acorn Insurance Agency, BRI Realty Corp., Macrolease Corporation ("Macrolease"), BRI Investment Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, BRI MSC Corp., operates 19 full-service banking offices in the greater Providence area. First Ipswich, which includes its wholly-owned subsidiaries, First Ipswich Insurance Agency and First Ipswich Securities II Corp., operates 5 full-service banking offices on the north shore of eastern Massachusetts.

The Company’s activities include acceptance of commercial, municipal, and retail deposits; origination of mortgage loans on commercial and residential real estate located principally in Massachusetts and Rhode Island; origination of commercial loans and leases to small and mid-sized businesses; investment in debt and equity securities; and the offering of cash management and investment advisory services. The Company also provides specialty equipment financing through its subsidiaries Eastern Funding, which is based in New York, New York, and Macrolease, which is based in Plainview, New York.

The Company and the Banks are supervised, examined, and regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("FRB"). As a Massachusetts-chartered saving bank and trust company, Brookline Bank and First Ipswich, respectively, are also subject to regulation under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Division of Banks. As a Rhode Island-chartered financial institution, BankRI is also subject to regulation under the laws of the State of Rhode Island and the jurisdiction of the Banking Division of the Rhode Island Department of Business Regulation.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) offers insurance coverage on all deposits up to $250,000 per depositor at each of the three Banks. As FDIC-insured depository institutions, all three Banks are also secondarily subject to supervision, examination, and regulation by the FDIC. Additionally, as a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank, Brookline Bank is insured by the Depositors Insurance Fund (“DIF”), a private industry-sponsored insurance company. The DIF insures savings bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. As such, Brookline Bank offers 100% insurance on all deposits as a result of a combination of insurance from the FDIC and the DIF. Brookline Bank is required to file periodic reports with the DIF.

Basis of Financial Statement Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company presented herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) and disclosures considered necessary for the fair presentation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily reflective of the results of the entire year. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management is required to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates based upon changing conditions, including economic conditions and future events. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near-term include the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses, the determination of fair market values of assets and liabilities, including acquired loans and leases, the review of goodwill and intangibles for impairment, and the review of deferred tax assets for valuation allowances.

The judgments used by management in applying these critical accounting policies may be affected by a further and prolonged deterioration in the economic environment, which may result in changes to future financial results. For example, subsequent evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio, in light of the factors then prevailing, may result in significant changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses in future periods, and the inability to collect outstanding principal may result in increased loan and lease losses.

(2) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740). This ASU was issued to improve the accounting for income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. For public entities, this ASU is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Management is currently assessing the applicability of ASU 2016-16 and has not determined the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230). This ASU was issued to provide clarification and uniformity on the presentation and classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows under Topic 230. This amendments presented in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. As of September 30, 2016, Management believes that ASU 2016-15 does apply, and has determined the impact of adoption will be minimal.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The intent of this ASU is to replace the current GAAP method of calculating credit losses. Current GAAP uses a higher threshold at which likely losses can be calculated and recorded. The new process will require institutions to account for likely losses that originally would not have been part of the calculation. The calculation will incorporate future forecasting in addition to historical and current measures. For public entities that file with the SEC, this ASU is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This ASU must be applied prospectively to debt securities marked as other than temporarily impaired. A retrospective approach will be applied cumulatively to retained earnings. Early adoption is permitted as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Management has determined that ASU 2016-13 does apply, but has not determined the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients. The intention of this ASU is to provide additional clarification on specific issues brought forth by the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board Joint Transition Resource Group for Revenue Recognition in relation to Topic 606 and revenue recognition. This ASU is to have the same effective date as ASU 2015-14 which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 to December 15, 2017. Management has determined that ASU 2016-12 does apply, but has not determined the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU was issued as part of the FASB Simplification Initiative which intends to reduce the complexity of GAAP while improving usefulness to users. There are eight main items in this ASU that contribute to the simplification of share-based accounting. For public entities, this ASU is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Management believes that this ASU applies and is assessing the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net). This ASU was issued to clarify how to recognize revenue

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

depending on an entities position, in relation to another entity involved, on contracts with customers. The entity can either be a principal party or an agent, and must record revenue accordingly. This ASU is not yet effective. Since this ASU affects ASU 2014-09, and that effective date was deferred, this ASU remains suspended too. Management believes that this ASU applies and is assessing the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheet but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. This ASU also eliminates current real estate-specific provisions for all companies. For lessors, this ASU modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. Management believes that this ASU applies and is assessing the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments. This ASU significantly revises an entity’s accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. It also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods therein. Management believes that this ASU applies and is assessing the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date. This ASU was issued to defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for all entities by one year. In effect, public business entities, certain not-for-profit entities, and certain employee benefit plans should apply the guidance in ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods (including interim reporting periods within those period) beginning after December 15, 2017. Management believes that this ASU applies and is assessing the impact, if any, as of September 30, 2016.

(3) Investment Securities

The following tables set forth investment securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
	(In Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
GSE debentures	$	64,713	$	1,639	$	13	$	66,339
GSE CMOs	172,606		683		484		172,805
GSE MBSs	229,040		4,410		27		233,423
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	112		—		1		111
Corporate debt obligations	48,306		1,014		16		49,304
Trust preferred securities	1,468		—		155		1,313
Total debt securities	516,245		7,746		696		523,295
Marketable equity securities	964		36		—		1,000
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	517,209	$	7,782	$	696	$	524,295
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSE debentures	$	14,734	$	3	$	32	$	14,705
GSEs MBSs	18,710		48		6		18,752
Municipal obligations	43,150		986		5		44,131
Foreign government obligations	500		—		9		491
Total investment securities held-to-maturity	$	77,094	$	1,037	$	52	$	78,079

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
	(In Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
GSE debentures	$	40,658	$	141	$	172	$	40,627
GSE CMOs	198,000		45		4,229		193,816
GSE MBSs	230,213		1,098		1,430		229,881
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	148		—		1		147
Corporate debt obligations	46,160		344		18		46,486
Trust preferred securities	1,466		—		199		1,267
Total debt securities	516,645		1,628		6,049		512,224
Marketable equity securities	956		21		—		977
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	517,601	$	1,649	$	6,049	$	513,201
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSE debentures	$	34,915	$	9	$	105	$	34,819
GSEs MBSs	19,291		—		305		18,986
Municipal obligations	39,051		364		25		39,390
Foreign government obligations	500		—		—		500
Total investment securities held-to-maturity	$	93,757	$	373	$	435	$	93,695

At September 30, 2016, the fair value of all investment securities available-for-sale was $524.3 million, with a net unrealized gain of $7.1 million, compared to a fair value of $513.2 million and net unrealized losses of $4.4 million at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016, $78.1 million, or 14.9% of the portfolio, had gross unrealized losses of $0.7 million, compared to $368.1 million, or 71.7%, with gross unrealized losses of $6.0 million at December 31, 2015.

At September 30, 2016, the fair value of all investment securities held-to-maturity was $78.1 million, with net unrealized gains of $1.0 million, compared to a fair value of $93.7 million with net unrealized losses of $62.0 thousand at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016, $19.1 million, or 24.5% of the portfolio, had gross unrealized losses of $52.0 thousand, compared to $52.3 million, or 55.8% with gross unrealized losses of $0.4 million at December 31, 2015.

Investment Securities as Collateral

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, $443.5 million and $486.4 million of investment securities were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements, municipal deposits, treasury, tax, and loan deposits; swap agreements, and FHLBB borrowings. The decrease in investment securities pledged as collateral was primarily due to a decrease in municipal deposits which require collateral.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment (“OTTI”)

Investment securities at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months or twelve months or longer are as follows:



	At September 30, 2016
	Less than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or Longer				Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
	(In Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
GSE debentures	$	6,126	$	13	$	—	$	—	$	6,126	$	13
GSE CMOs	19,232		88		42,424		$	396	61,656		484
GSE MBSs	6,142		23		246		4		6,388		27
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	29		—		74		1		103		1
Corporate debt obligations	2,492		16		—		—		2,492		16
Trust preferred securities	—		—		1,313		155		1,313		155
Temporarily impaired debt securities available-for-sale	34,021		140		44,057		556		78,078		696
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSE debentures	11,702		32		—		—		11,702		32
GSEs MBSs	4,462		6		—		—		4,462		6
Municipal obligations	2,445		5		—		—		2,445		5
Foreign government obligations	491		9		—		—		491		9
Temporarily impaired debt securities held-to-maturity	19,100		52		—		—		19,100		52
Total temporarily impaired investment securities	$	53,121	$	192	$	44,057	$	556	$	97,178	$	748

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Less than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or Longer				Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
	(In Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
GSE debentures	$	19,633	$	172	$	—	$	—	$	19,633	$	172
GSE CMOs	89,680		1,294		100,473		2,935		190,153		4,229
GSE MBSs	133,779		845		16,968		585		150,747		1,430
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	—		—		139		1		139		1
Corporate debt obligations	6,181		18		—		—		6,181		18
Trust preferred securities	—		—		1,267		199		1,267		199
Temporarily impaired debt securities available-for-sale	249,273		2,329		118,847		3,720		368,120		6,049
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSE debentures	25,837		105		—		—		25,837		105
GSEs MBSs	18,834		305		—		—		18,834		305
Municipal obligations	7,629		25		—		—		7,629		25
Temporarily impaired debt securities held-to-maturity	52,300		435		—		—		52,300		435
Total temporarily impaired investment securities	$	301,573	$	2,764	$	118,847	$	3,720	$	420,420	$	6,484

The Company performs regular analysis on the investment securities portfolio to determine whether a decline in fair value indicates that an investment security is OTTI. In making these OTTI determinations, management considers, among other factors, the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost; projected future cash flows; credit subordination and the creditworthiness; capital adequacy; and near-term prospects of the issuers.

Management also considers the Company’s capital adequacy, interest-rate risk, liquidity and business plans in assessing whether it is more likely than not that the Company will sell or be required to sell the investment securities before recovery. If the Company determines that a decline in fair value is OTTI and that it is more likely than not that the Company will not sell or be required to sell the investment security before recovery of its amortized cost, the credit portion of the impairment loss is recognized in the Company's unaudited consolidated statements of income and the noncredit portion is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. The credit portion of the OTTI impairment represents the difference between the amortized cost and the present value of the expected future cash flows of the investment security. If the Company determines that a decline in fair value is OTTI and it is more likely than not that it will sell or be required to sell the investment security before recovery of its amortized cost, the entire difference between the amortized cost and the fair value of the investment security will be recognized in the Company's unaudited consolidated statements of income.

Investment Securities Available-For-Sale Impairment Analysis

The following discussion summarizes, by investment security type, the basis for evaluating if the applicable investment securities within the Company’s available-for-sale portfolio were OTTI at September 30, 2016. Based on the analysis below, it is more likely than not that the Company will not sell or be required to sell the investment securities before recovery of its amortized cost. The Company's ability and intent to hold these investment securities until recovery is supported by the Company's strong capital and liquidity positions as well as its historically low portfolio turnover. As such, management has determined that the investment securities are not OTTI at September 30, 2016. If market conditions for investment securities worsen or the creditworthiness of the underlying issuers deteriorates, it is possible that the Company may recognize additional OTTI in future periods.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises

The Company invests in securities issued by U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), including GSE debt securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBSs”), and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”). GSE securities include obligations issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal Home Loan Banks ("FHLB"), and the Federal Farm Credit Bank. At September 30, 2016, only GNMA MBSs and CMOs, and Small Business Administration (“SBA”) commercial loan asset-backed securities with an estimated fair value of $27.9 million were backed explicitly by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, compared to $21.8 million at December 31, 2015.

At September 30, 2016, the Company held 21 GSE debentures with a total fair value of $66.3 million with a net unrealized gain of $1.6 million. At December 31, 2015, the Company held thirteen GSE debentures with a total fair value of $40.6 million, and a net unrealized loss of $31.0 thousand. At September 30, 2016, two of the twenty-one securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. At December 31, 2015, seven of the thirteen securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. All securities are performing and backed by the implicit (FHLB / FNMA / FHLMC) or explicit (GNMA / SBA) guarantee of the U.S. Government. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $32.3 million and $11.8 million of GSE debentures, respectively.

At September 30, 2016, the Company held 62 GSE CMOs with a total fair value of $172.8 million with a net unrealized gain of $0.2 million. At December 31, 2015, the Company held 63 GSE CMOs with a total fair value of $193.8 million with a net unrealized loss of $4.2 million. At September 30, 2016, 17 of the 62 securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions, compared to 45 of the 63 securities at December 31, 2015. All securities are performing and backed by the implicit (FHLB / FNMA / FHLMC) or explicit (GNMA) guarantee of the U.S. Government. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company purchased $3.1 million in GSE CMOs. The Company did not make any purchases during the same period in 2015.

At September 30, 2016, the Company held 196 GSE MBSs with a total fair value of $233.4 million with a net unrealized gain of $4.4 million. At December 31, 2015, the Company held 186 GSE MBSs with a total fair value of $229.9 million with a net unrealized loss of $0.3 million. At September 30, 2016, 11 of the 196 securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions, compared to 56 of the 186 securities at December 31, 2015. All securities are performing and backed by the implicit (FHLB / FNMA / FHLMC) or explicit (GNMA) guarantee of the U.S. Government. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $36.7 million and $29.4 million in GSE MBSs, respectively.

SBA Commercial Loan Asset-Backed Securities

At September 30, 2016, the Company held six SBA securities with a total fair value of $0.1 million which approximated cost as compared to December 31, 2015, where the Company held seven SBA securities with a total fair value of $0.1 million, which approximated amortized cost. At September 30, 2016, five of the six securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions and at December 31, 2015, six of the seven securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. All securities are performing and are backed by the explicit (SBA) guarantee of the U.S. Government.

Corporate Obligations

From time to time, the Company may invest in high-quality corporate obligations to provide portfolio diversification and improve the overall yield on the portfolio. At September 30, 2016, the Company held sixteen corporate obligation securities with a total fair value of $49.3 million and unrealized gains of $1.0 million. At December 31, 2015, the Company held fifteen corporate obligation securities with a total fair value of $46.5 million and a net unrealized gain of $0.3 million. At September 30, 2016, one of the sixteen securities in this portfolio was in an unrealized loss position. At December 31, 2015, two of the fifteen securities in this portfolio were in an unrealized loss position. Full collection of the obligation is expected because the financial condition of the issuer is sound, and the issuer has not defaulted on scheduled payments, the obligations are rated investment grade, and the Company has the ability and intent to hold the obligations for a period of time to recover the amortized cost. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $5.1 million and $9.3 million in corporate obligations, respectively.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Trust Preferred Securities

Trust preferred securities represent subordinated debt issued by financial institutions. At September 30, 2016, the Company owned two trust preferred securities with a total fair value of $1.3 million and an unrealized loss of $0.2 million. This compares to two trust preferred securities with a total fair value of $1.3 million and an unrealized loss of $0.2 million at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, both of the securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. Full collection of the obligations is expected because the financial condition of the issuers is sound, none of the issuers has defaulted on scheduled payments, the obligations are rated investment grade, and the Company has the ability and intent to hold the obligations for a period of time to recover the amortized cost.

Marketable Equity Securities

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company owned two marketable equity securities with a fair value of $1.0 million, and unrealized gains of $36.0 thousand and $21.0 thousand, respectively. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, neither of the securities in this portfolio was in an unrealized loss position.

Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity Impairment Analysis

The following discussion summarizes, by investment security type, the basis for evaluating if the applicable investment securities within the Company’s held-to-maturity portfolio were OTTI at September 30, 2016. Management does not intend to sell these securities prior to maturity.

U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises

The Company invests in securities issued by GSEs including GSE debentures and MBSs. GSE securities include obligations issued by FNMA, FHLMC, GNMA, FHLB, and the Federal Farm Credit Bank.

At September 30, 2016, the Company held six GSE debentures with a total fair value of $14.7 million, and a net unrealized loss of $29.0 thousand. At December 31, 2015, the Company held twelve GSE debentures with a total fair value of $34.8 million and a net unrealized loss of $96.0 thousand. At September 30, 2016, four of the six securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. At December 31, 2015, nine of the twelve securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. All securities are performing and backed by the implicit (FHLB/FNMA/FHLMC) or explicit (GNMA/SBA) guarantee of the U.S. Government. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $17.7 million and $26.9 million of GSE debentures, respectively.

At September 30, 2016, the Company held eleven GSE MBSs with a total fair value of $18.8 million and a net unrealized gain of $42.0 thousand. At December 31, 2015, the Company held ten GSE MBSs with a total fair value of $19.0 million and an unrealized loss of $0.3 million. As of September 30, 2016, two of the eleven securities were in unrealized loss positions as compared to December 31, 2015, when seven of the ten securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. All securities are performing and backed by the implicit (FHLB/FNMA/FHLMC) or explicit (GNMA) guarantee of the U.S Government. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $2.4 million and $21.3 million of GSE MBSs, respectively.

Municipal Obligations

At September 30, 2016, the Company held 84 municipal obligation securities with a total fair value of $44.1 million and and a net unrealized gain of $1.0 million. At December 31, 2015, the Company held 72 municipal obligations with a total fair value of $39.4 million and a net unrealized gain of $0.3 million. As of September 30, 2016, six of the eighty-four securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions as compared to December 31, 2015, where 15 of the 72 securities in this portfolio were in unrealized loss positions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company purchased $4.4 million and $20.3 million of municipal obligations, respectively.

Foreign Government Obligations

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company owned one foreign government obligation security with a fair value and amortized cost of $0.5 million. As of September 30, 2016, the foreign government obligation security was in an unrealized loss position as compared to December 31, 2015, where the foreign government obligation security's fair value approximated amortized cost. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company repurchased one foreign

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

government obligation security that had matured during the first quarter of 2016. The Company did not make any purchases during the same period in 2015.

Portfolio Maturities

The final stated maturities of the debt securities are as follows at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016						At December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Weighted Average Rate		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Weighted Average Rate
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Within 1 year	$	9	$	10	0.13	%	$	2,999	$	3,003	2.09	%
After 1 year through 5 years	60,818		62,136		2.25	%	59,729		60,249		2.32	%
After 5 years through 10 years	116,308		119,089		2.02	%	100,658		100,833		2.05	%
Over 10 years	339,110		342,060		1.95	%	353,259		348,139		1.97	%
	$	516,245	$	523,295	2.00	%	$	516,645	$	512,224	2.03	%
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
Within 1 year	$	159	$	159	1.73	%	$	651	$	651	1.00	%
After 1 year through 5 years	20,836		21,034		1.28	%	23,888		23,866		1.52	%
After 5 years through 10 years	37,548		38,293		1.79	%	50,078		50,344		2.00	%
Over 10 years	18,551		18,593		1.74	%	19,140		18,834		1.82	%
	$	77,094	$	78,079	1.64	%	$	93,757	$	93,695	1.83	%

Actual maturities of debt securities may differ from those presented above since certain obligations, particularly MBS and CMOs, amortize and provide the issuer the right to call or prepay the obligation prior to the scheduled final stated maturity without penalty.

At September 30, 2016, issuers of debt securities, excluding MBS and CMOs, with an estimated fair value of $28.9 million had the right to call or prepay the obligations. Of the $28.9 million, $3.1 million matures in 1 - 5 years, $24.5 million matures in 6 - 10 years, and $1.3 million mature after 10 years. At December 31, 2015, issuers of debt securities with an estimated fair value of $48.5 million had the right to call or prepay the obligations. Of the $48.5 million, $15.5 million matures in 1 - 5 years, $31.8 million matures in 6 - 10 years, and $1.2 million matures after ten years.

Investment Security Sales

Investment security transactions are recorded on the trade date. When investment securities are sold, the adjusted cost of the specific investment security sold is used to compute the gain or loss on the sale. There were no investment securities sold during both the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(4) Loans and Leases

The following tables present loan and lease balances and weighted average coupon rates for the originated and acquired loan and lease portfolios at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016
	Originated				Acquired				Total
	Balance		Weighted Average Coupon		Balance		Weighted Average Coupon		Balance		Weighted Average Coupon
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	1,880,163	3.94	%	$	158,314	4.19	%	$	2,038,477	3.96	%
Multi-family mortgage	673,108		3.77	%	30,635		4.52	%	703,743		3.81	%
Construction	140,990		3.72	%	218		3.67	%	141,208		3.72	%
Total commercial real estate loans	2,694,261		3.89	%	189,167		4.24	%	2,883,428		3.91	%
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	636,658		3.95	%	15,658		5.24	%	652,316		3.98	%
Equipment financing	758,086		7.06	%	6,561		5.87	%	764,647		7.05	%
Condominium association	53,903		4.41	%	—		—	%	53,903		4.41	%
Total commercial loans and leases	1,448,647		5.59	%	22,219		5.43	%	1,470,866		5.59	%
Indirect automobile loans	7,607		5.44	%	—		—	%	7,607		5.44	%
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	540,650		3.65	%	76,415		3.93	%	617,065		3.68	%
Home equity	282,504		3.42	%	58,450		4.15	%	340,954		3.54	%
Other consumer	12,254		5.15	%	126		17.85	%	12,380		5.28	%
Total consumer loans	835,408		3.59	%	134,991		4.04	%	970,399		3.65	%
Total loans and leases	$	4,985,923	4.34	%	$	346,377	4.24	%	$	5,332,300	4.33	%

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Originated				Acquired				Total
	Balance		Weighted Average Coupon		Balance		Weighted Average Coupon		Balance		Weighted Average Coupon
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	1,684,548	4.00	%	$	191,044	4.15	%	$	1,875,592	4.02	%
Multi-family mortgage	620,865		3.92	%	37,615		4.35	%	658,480		3.94	%
Construction	129,742		3.60	%	580		5.08	%	130,322		3.61	%
Total commercial real estate loans	2,435,155		3.96	%	229,239		4.19	%	2,664,394		3.98	%
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	576,599		3.90	%	15,932		5.65	%	592,531		3.95	%
Equipment financing	712,988		7.05	%	8,902		6.14	%	721,890		7.04	%
Condominium association	59,875		4.50	%	—		—	%	59,875		4.50	%
Total commercial loans and leases	1,349,462		5.59	%	24,834		5.83	%	1,374,296		5.59	%
Indirect automobile loans	13,678		5.53	%	—		—	%	13,678		5.53	%
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	527,846		3.64	%	88,603		3.85	%	616,449		3.67	%
Home equity	234,708		3.35	%	79,845		3.99	%	314,553		3.51	%
Other consumer	12,039		4.77	%	131		17.40	%	12,170		4.91	%
Total consumer loans	774,593		3.57	%	168,579		3.93	%	943,172		3.63	%
Total loans and leases	$	4,572,888	4.38	%	$	422,652	4.18	%	$	4,995,540	4.36	%

The net unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs included in total loans and leases were $13.9 million and $12.8 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The Company's Banks and subsidiaries lend primarily in eastern Massachusetts, southern New Hampshire, and Rhode Island, with the exception of equipment financing, 31.3% of which is in the greater New York and New Jersey metropolitan area and 68.7% of which is in other areas in the United States of America at September 30, 2016, as compared to 32.8% of which is in the greater New York and New Jersey metropolitan area and 67.2% of which in other areas is in the United States of America as of December 31, 2015.

Competition for the indirect automobile loans increased significantly as credit unions and large national banks entered indirect automobile lending. That competition drove interest rates down and, in some cases, changed the manner in which interest rates are developed, from including a dealer-shared spread to imposing a dealer-based fee to originate the loan. Given this market condition, management ceased the Company's origination of indirect automobile loans in December 2014. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company sold over 90% of the portfolio for $255.2 million, which resulted in a loss of $11.8 thousand excluding the impact of the allowance for loan and lease losses.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Accretable Yield for the Acquired Loan Portfolio

The following table summarizes activity in the accretable yield for the acquired loan portfolio for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	18,038		$	28,730		$	20,796		$	32,044
Accretion	(1,479		)	(2,387		)	(3,914		)	(7,822		)
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improved cash flows	1,129			1,242			2,419			3,045
Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference ⁽¹⁾	(1,506		)	(3,403		)	(3,119		)	(3,085		)
Balance at end of period	$	16,182		$	24,182		$	16,182		$	24,182

⁽¹⁾ Represents changes in interest cash flows due to changes in interest rates on variable rate loans.

On a quarterly basis and subsequent to acquisition, management reforecasts the expected cash flows for acquired ASC 310-30 loans, taking into account prepayment speeds, probability of default, and loss given defaults. Management compares cash flow projections per the reforecast to the original cash flow projections and determines whether any reduction in cash flow expectations is due to credit deterioration, or if the change in cash flow expectations are related to noncredit events. This cash flow analysis is used to evaluate the need for a provision for loan and lease losses and/or prospective yield adjustments. During the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, accretable yield adjustments totaling $1.1 million and $1.2 million, respectively, were made for certain loan pools. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, accretable yield adjustments totaling $2.4 million and $3.0 million, respectively, were made for certain loan pools. These prospective accretable yield adjustments, which are subject to continued re-assessment, will be recognized over the remaining lives of those pools.

The aggregate remaining nonaccretable difference applicable to acquired loans and leases totaled $2.2 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Loans and Leases Pledged as Collateral

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion of loans and leases were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements, municipal deposits, treasury, tax and loan deposits; swap agreements, and FHLB borrowings. The Banks did not have any outstanding FRB borrowings at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(5) Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The following tables present the changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses and the recorded investment in loans and leases by portfolio segment for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
	(In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	29,861		$	22,916		$	183		$	4,298		$	—	$	57,258
Charge-offs	(50		)	(545		)	(109		)	(135		)	—		(839		)
Recoveries	—			170			102			47			—		319
(Credit) provision for loan and lease losses	(1,755		)	3,923			(26		)	12			—		2,154
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	28,056		$	26,464		$	150		$	4,222		$	—	$	58,892



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate		Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
	(In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2015	$	29,216	$	20,229		$	381		$	4,012		$	2,560		$	56,398
Charge-offs	—		(1,388		)	(296		)	(247		)	—			(1,931		)
Recoveries	—		112			179			41			—			332
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses	1,845		2,009			57			322			(2,560		)	1,673
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	31,061	$	20,962		$	321		$	4,128		$	—		$	56,472



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
	(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	30,151		$	22,018		$	269		$	4,301		$	—	$	56,739
Charge-offs	(1,534		)	(3,250		)	(472		)	(782		)	—		(6,038		)
Recoveries	—			495			467			138			—		1,100
(Credit) provision for loan and lease losses	(561		)	7,201			(114		)	565			—		7,091
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	28,056		$	26,464		$	150		$	4,222		$	—	$	58,892



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
	(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	29,594		$	15,957		$	2,331		$	3,359		$	2,418		$	53,659
Charge-offs	(550		)	(2,083		)	(1,513		)	(479		)	—			(4,625		)
Recoveries	—			418			1,170			83			—			1,671
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses	2,017			6,670			(1,667		)	1,165			(2,418		)	5,767
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	31,061		$	20,962		$	321		$	4,128		$	—		$	56,472

The liability for unfunded credit commitments, which is included in other liabilities, was $1.3 million at both September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and $1.4 million at September 30, 2015. These changes reflect changes in the estimate of loss exposure associated with certain unfunded credit commitments. No credit commitments were charged off against the liability account in the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses are set forth below for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses:
Commercial real estate	$	(1,755	)	$	1,845		$	(561	)	$	2,017
Commercial	3,923			2,009			7,201			6,670
Indirect automobile	(26		)	57			(114		)	(1,667		)
Consumer	12			322			565			1,165
Unallocated	—			(2,560		)	—			(2,418		)
Total provision for loan and lease losses	2,154			1,673			7,091			5,767
Unfunded credit commitments	61			82			47			164
Total provision for credit losses	$	2,215		$	1,755		$	7,138		$	5,931

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Methodology

Management has established a methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses that assesses the risks and losses inherent in the portfolio. Additions to the allowance for loan and lease losses are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. Losses on loans and leases are charged off against the allowance when all or a portion of a loan or lease is considered uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries on loans previously charged off, if any, are credited to the allowance when realized.

Management uses a consistent and systematic process and methodology to evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses on a quarterly basis. For purposes of determining the allowance for loan and lease losses, the Company has segmented all loans and leases in the portfolio by product type into the following segments: (1) commercial real estate loans, (2) commercial loans and leases, and (3) consumer loans. Portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes based on the associated risks within the segments. Commercial real estate loans are divided into three classes: commercial real estate loans, multi-family mortgage loans, and construction loans. Commercial loans and leases are divided into three classes: commercial loans, equipment financing, and loans to condominium associations. Consumer loans are divided into four classes: residential mortgage loans, home equity loans, indirect automobile loans, and other consumer loans. A formula-based credit evaluation approach is applied to each group, coupled with an analysis of certain loans for impairment. For each class of loan, management makes significant judgments in selecting the estimation method that fits the credit characteristics of its class and portfolio segment as set forth below.

The general allowance related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment is determined using a formula-based approach utilizing the risk ratings of individual credits and loss factors derived from historic portfolio loss rates, which include estimates of incurred losses over an estimated loss emergence period (“LEP”). The LEP was generated utilizing a charge-off look-back analysis which studied the time from the first indication of elevated risk of repayment (or other early event indicating a problem) to eventual charge-off to support the LEP considered in the allowance calculation. This reserving methodology established the approximate number of months of LEP that represents incurred losses for each portfolio. In addition to quantitative measures, relevant qualitative factors include, but are not limited to: (1) levels and trends in past due and impaired loans, (2) levels and trends in charge-offs, (3) changes in underwriting standards, policy exceptions, and credit policy, (4) experience of lending management and staff, (5) economic trends, (6) industry conditions, (7) effects of changes in credit concentrations, (8) interest rate environment, and (9) regulatory and other changes. The general allowance related to the acquired loans collectively evaluated for impairment is determined based upon the degree, if any, of deterioration in the pooled loans subsequent to acquisition. The qualitative factors used in the determination are the same as those used for originated loans.

During 2015, the Company enhanced and refined its general allowance methodology to provide a more precise quantification of probable losses in the portfolio. Under the enhanced methodology, management combined the historical loss histories of the Banks to generate a single set of ratios. Management believes it is appropriate to aggregate the ratios as the

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Banks share common environmental factors, operate in similar markets, and utilize common underwriting standards in accordance with the Company's Credit Policy. In prior periods, a historical loss history applicable to each Bank was used.

Management employed a similar analysis for the consolidation of the qualitative factors as it did for the quantitative factors. Again, management believes the realignment of the existing nine qualitative factors used at each of the Banks into a single group of factors for use across the Company is appropriate based on the commonality of environmental factors, markets, and underwriting standards among the Banks. In the periods prior to the three months ended September 30, 2015, each of the Banks utilized a set of qualitative factors applicable to each Bank.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had a portfolio of approximately $36.0 million in loans secured by taxi medallions issued by the cities of Boston and Cambridge. Application-based mobile ride services, such as Uber and Lyft, have generated increased competition in the transportation sector, resulting in a reduction in taxi utilization and, as a result, a reduction in the collateral value and credit quality of taxi medallion loans. This has increased the likelihood that loans secured by taxi medallions may default, or that the borrowers may be unable to repay these loans at maturity, potentially resulting in an increase in past due loans, troubled debt restructurings, and charge-offs. Therefore, beginning with the three months ended December 31, 2015, the Company’s allowance calculation included a further segmentation of the commercial loans and leases to reflect the increased risk in the Company’s taxi medallion portfolio. This allowance calculation segmentation represents management’s estimations of the risks associated with the portfolio.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had an allowance for loan and lease losses associated with taxi medallion loans of $6.0 million of which $4.7 million were specific reserves and $1.3 million was a general reserve. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a general reserve for loan and lease losses associated with taxi medallion loans of $4.3 million. The total troubled debt restructured loans and leases secured by taxi medallions increased by $8.8 million from $1.3 million at December 31, 2015 to $10.1 million at September 30, 2016. The total loans and leases secured by taxi medallions that were placed on nonaccrual increased to $18.0 million at September 30, 2016 from zero at December 31, 2015. However, further declines in demand for taxi services or further deterioration in the value of taxi medallions may result in higher delinquencies and losses beyond that provided for in the allowance for loan and lease losses.

Based on the refinements to the Company’s allowance methodology discussed above, management determined that the potential risks anticipated by the unallocated allowance are now incorporated into the allowance methodology, making the unallocated allowance unnecessary. In the periods prior to the three months ended September 30, 2015, the unallocated allowance was used to recognize the estimated risk associated with the allocated general and specific allowances. It incorporated management’s evaluation of existing conditions that were not included in the allocated allowance determinations and provided for losses that arise outside of the ordinary course of business.

Specific valuation allowances are established for impaired originated loans with book values greater than the discounted present value of expected future cash flows or, in the case of collateral-dependent impaired loans, for any excess of a loan's book balance greater than the fair value of its underlying collateral. Specific valuation allowances are established for acquired loans with deterioration in the discounted present value of expected future cash flows since acquisitions or, in the case of collateral dependent impaired loans, for any increase in the excess of a loan's book balance greater than the fair value of its underlying collateral. A specific valuation allowance for losses on troubled debt restructured loans is determined by comparing the net carrying amount of the troubled debt restructured loan with the restructured loan's cash flows discounted at the original effective rate. Impaired loans are reviewed quarterly with adjustments made to the specific reserve as necessary.

As of September 30, 2016, management believes that the methodology for calculating the allowance is sound and that the allowance provides a reasonable basis for determining and reporting on probable losses in the Company’s loan portfolios.

The general allowance for loan and lease losses was $52.6 million at September 30, 2016, compared to $53.1 million at December 31, 2015. The general portion of the allowance for loan and lease losses decreased by $0.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily driven by the decrease in historical loss factors applied to commercial real estate and consumer loan portfolios and the improvement of credit risk ratings of loans within the commercial real estate and commercial portfolios, offset by the continued growth in the Company's loan portfolios.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The specific allowance for loan and lease losses was $6.3 million at September 30, 2016, compared to $3.6 million at December 31, 2015. The specific allowance increased $2.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, primarily due to the restructure of certain taxi medallion loans and changes in the collateral values of taxi medallions.

Credit Quality Assessment

At the time of loan origination, a rating is assigned based on the financial strength of the borrower and the value of assets pledged as collateral. The Company continually monitors the asset quality of the loan portfolio using all available information. The officer responsible for handling each loan is required to initiate changes to risk ratings when changes in facts and circumstances occur that warrant an upgrade or downgrade in a loan rating. Based on this information, loans demonstrating certain payment issues or other weaknesses may be categorized as delinquent, impaired, nonperforming and/or put on nonaccrual status. Additionally, in the course of resolving such loans, the Company may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans to match the borrower’s ability to repay the loan based on their current financial condition. If a restructured loan meets certain criteria, it may be categorized as a troubled debt restructuring.

The Company reviews numerous credit quality indicators when assessing the risk in its loan portfolio. For the commercial real estate, multi-family mortgage, construction, commercial, equipment financing, condominium association, and other consumer loan and lease classes, the Company utilizes an eight-grade loan rating system, which assigns a risk rating to each borrower based on a number of quantitative and qualitative factors associated with a loan transaction. Factors considered include industry and market conditions, position within the industry, earnings trends, operating cash flow, asset/liability values, debt capacity, guarantor strength, management and controls, financial reporting, collateral, and other considerations. In addition, the Company’s independent loan review group evaluates the credit quality and related risk ratings of the commercial real estate and commercial loan portfolios. The results of these reviews are reported to the Board of Directors. For consumer loans, the Company primarily relies on payment status for monitoring credit risk.

The ratings categories used for assessing credit risk in the commercial real estate, multi-family mortgage, construction, commercial, equipment financing, condominium association and other consumer loan and lease classes are defined as follows:

1-4 Rating — Pass

Loan rating grades “1” through “4” are classified as “Pass,” which indicates borrowers are performing in accordance with the terms of the loan and are less likely to result in losses due to the capacity of the borrowers to pay and the adequacy of the value of assets pledged as collateral.

5 Rating — Other Asset Especially Mentioned (“OAEM”)

Borrowers exhibit potential credit weaknesses or downward trends deserving management’s attention. If not checked or corrected, these trends can weaken the Company’s asset position. While potentially weak, currently these borrowers are marginally acceptable; no loss of principal or interest is envisioned.

6 Rating — Substandard

Borrowers exhibit well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt. Substandard loans may be inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors or by the collateral pledged, if any. Normal repayment from the borrower is in jeopardy. Although no loss of principal is envisioned, there is a distinct possibility that a partial loss of interest and/or principal will occur if the deficiencies are not corrected. Collateral coverage may be inadequate to cover the principal obligation.

7 Rating — Doubtful

Borrowers exhibit well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection of the debt in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Serious problems exist to the point where partial loss of principal is likely.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

8 Rating — Definite Loss

Borrowers deemed incapable of repayment. Loans to such borrowers are considered uncollectable and of such little value that continuation as active assets of the Company is not warranted.

Assets rated as “OAEM,” “substandard” or “doubtful” based on criteria established under banking regulations are collectively referred to as “criticized” assets.

Credit Quality Information

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans in each class at September 30, 2016 by credit quality indicator.



	At September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate		Multi- Family Mortgage		Construction		Commercial		Equipment Financing		Condominium Association		Other Consumer
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
Loan rating:
Pass	$	1,874,534	$	671,690	$	140,802	$	604,282	$	750,322	$	53,903	$	12,219
OAEM	1,546		—		188		7,540		1,039		—		—
Substandard	3,457		1,418		—		24,692		5,989		—		35
Doubtful	626		—		—		144		736		—		—
Total originated	1,880,163		673,108		140,990		636,658		758,086		53,903		12,254

Acquired:
Loan rating:
Pass	147,218		29,913		218		11,203		6,553		—		126
OAEM	1,424		404		—		464		—		—		—
Substandard	9,570		318		—		3,018		—		—		—
Doubtful	102		—		—		973		8		—		—
Total acquired	158,314		30,635		218		15,658		6,561		—		126

Total loans	$	2,038,477	$	703,743	$	141,208	$	652,316	$	764,647	$	53,903	$	12,380

At September 30, 2016, there were no loans categorized as definite loss.



	At September 30, 2016
	Indirect Automobile
	($ In Thousands)
Originated:
Credit score:
Over 700	$	3,044	40.0	%
661-700	1,145		15.0	%
660 and below	3,391		44.6	%
Data not available	27		0.4	%
Total loans	$	7,607	100.0	%

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At September 30, 2016
	Residential Mortgage				Home Equity
	($ In Thousands)
Originated:
Loan-to-value ratio:
Less than 50%	$	126,290	20.5	%	$	153,001	44.9	%
50% - 69%	224,791		36.4	%	59,629		17.6	%
70% - 79%	166,363		26.9	%	45,455		13.3	%
80% and over	18,336		3.0	%	23,678		6.9	%
Data not available	4,870		0.8	%	741		0.2	%
Total originated	540,650		87.6	%	282,504		82.9	%

Acquired:
Loan-to-value ratio:
Less than 50%	17,034		2.7	%	36,541		10.7	%
50% - 69%	28,240		4.6	%	15,939		4.7	%
70% - 79%	15,165		2.5	%	3,459		1.0	%
80% and over	11,416		1.9	%	1,116		0.3	%
Data not available	4,560		0.7	%	1,395		0.4	%
Total acquired	76,415		12.4	%	58,450		17.1	%

Total loans and leases	$	617,065	100.0	%	$	340,954	100.0	%

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans in each class at December 31, 2015 by credit quality indicator.



	At December 31, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate		Multi- Family Mortgage		Construction		Commercial		Equipment Financing		Condominium Association		Other Consumer
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
Loan rating:
Pass	$	1,668,891	$	619,786	$	129,534	$	562,615	$	709,381	$	59,875	$	12,017
OAEM	12,781		788		208		9,976		804		—		—
Substandard	780		291		—		1,714		1,414		—		22
Doubtful	2,096		—		—		2,294		1,389		—		—
Total originated	1,684,548		620,865		129,742		576,599		712,988		59,875		12,039

Acquired:
Loan rating:
Pass	182,377		35,785		580		11,959		8,902		—		131
OAEM	1,202		612		—		902		—		—		—
Substandard	7,066		1,218		—		3,071		—		—		—
Doubtful	399		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total acquired	191,044		37,615		580		15,932		8,902		—		131

Total loans and leases	$	1,875,592	$	658,480	$	130,322	$	592,531	$	721,890	$	59,875	$	12,170

At December 31, 2015, there were no loans categorized as definite loss.



	At December 31, 2015
	Indirect Automobile
	($ In Thousands)
Originated:
Credit score:
Over 700	$	5,435	39.7	%
661-700	1,965		14.4	%
660 and below	6,217		45.5	%
Data not available	61		0.4	%
Total loans	$	13,678	100.0	%

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Residential Mortgage				Home Equity
	($ In Thousands)
Originated:
Loan-to-value ratio:
Less than 50%	$	118,628	19.2	%	$	131,584	41.8	%
50% - 69%	214,390		34.8	%	51,492		16.4	%
70% - 79%	173,774		28.2	%	32,916		10.5	%
80% and over	17,808		2.9	%	18,082		5.7	%
Data not available	3,246		0.5	%	634		0.2	%
Total originated	527,846		85.6	%	234,708		74.6	%

Acquired:
Loan-to-value ratio:
Less than 50%	18,857		3.1	%	48,563		15.4	%
50% - 69%	32,986		5.3	%	20,623		6.6	%
70% - 79%	17,883		2.9	%	7,144		2.3	%
80% and over	14,011		2.3	%	2,650		0.8	%
Data not available	4,866		0.8	%	865		0.3	%
Total acquired	88,603		14.4	%	79,845		25.4	%

Total loans	$	616,449	100.0	%	$	314,553	100.0	%

The following table presents information regarding foreclosed residential real estate property at the dates indicated.



	September 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor	$	—	$	362
Recorded investment in mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure	1,400		298

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases

The following tables present an age analysis of the recorded investment in total loans and leases at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.



	At September 30, 2016
	Past Due												Loans and Leases Past
	31-60 Days		61-90 Days		Greater Than 90 Days		Total		Current		Total Loans and Leases		Due Greater Than 90 Days and Accruing		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	2,386	$	139	$	802	$	3,327	$	1,876,836	$	1,880,163	$	—	$	1,530
Multi-family mortgage	—		—		291		291		672,817		673,108		—		1,418
Construction	—		—		—		—		140,990		140,990		—
Total commercial real estate loans	2,386		139		1,093		3,618		2,690,643		2,694,261		—		2,948
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	1,998		301		9,476		11,775		624,883		636,658		—		21,950
Equipment financing	1,201		368		5,413		6,982		751,104		758,086		166		6,652
Condominium association	61		—		—		61		53,842		53,903		—		—
Total commercial loans and leases	3,260		669		14,889		18,818		1,429,829		1,448,647		166		28,602
Indirect automobile	501		184		62		747		6,860		7,607		—		179
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	1,131		—		178		1,309		539,341		540,650		—		1,533
Home equity	25		256		100		381		282,123		282,504		1		229
Other consumer	13		8		29		50		12,204		12,254		—		35
Total consumer loans	1,169		264		307		1,740		833,668		835,408		1		1,797
Total originated loans and leases	$	7,316	$	1,256	$	16,351	$	24,923	$	4,961,000	$	4,985,923	$	167	$	33,526

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At September 30, 2016
	Past Due												Loans and Leases Past
	31-60 Days		61-90 Days		Greater Than 90 Days		Total		Current		Total Loans and Leases		Due Greater Than 90 Days and Accruing		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
	(In Thousands)
Acquired:
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	431	$	148	$	4,047	$	4,626	$	153,688	$	158,314	$	3,974	$	158
Multi-family mortgage	—		—		—		—		30,635		30,635		—		—
Construction	—		—		—		—		218		218		—		—
Total commercial real estate loans	431		148		4,047		4,626		184,541		189,167		3,974		158
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	2		310		2,435		2,747		12,911		15,658		334		2,101
Equipment financing	8		—		—		8		6,553		6,561		—		—
Total commercial loans and leases	10		310		2,435		2,755		19,464		22,219		334		2,101
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	46		95		3,844		3,985		72,430		76,415		3,628		216
Home equity	864		175		671		1,710		56,740		58,450		172		1,551
Other consumer	—		—		—		—		126		126		—		—
Total consumer loans	910		270		4,515		5,695		129,296		134,991		3,800		1,767
Total acquired loans and leases	$	1,351	$	728	$	10,997	$	13,076	$	333,301	$	346,377	$	8,108	$	4,026

Total loans and leases	$	8,667	$	1,984	$	27,348	$	37,999	$	5,294,301	$	5,332,300	$	8,275	$	37,552

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Past Due												Loans and Leases Past
	31-60 Days		61-90 Days		Greater Than 90 Days		Total		Current		Total Loans and Leases		Due Greater Than 90 Days and Accruing		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	1,782	$	—	$	2,097	$	3,879	$	1,680,669	$	1,684,548	$	—	$	2,876
Multi-family mortgage	—		—		16		16		620,849		620,865		16		291
Construction	652		—		—		652		129,090		129,742		—		—
Total commercial real estate loans	2,434		—		2,113		4,547		2,430,608		2,435,155		16		3,167
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	4,578		1,007		2,368		7,953		568,646		576,599		24		3,586
Equipment financing	1,681		595		2,143		4,419		708,569		712,988		77		2,610
Condominium association	205		124		—		329		59,546		59,875		—		—
Total commercial loans and leases	6,464		1,726		4,511		12,701		1,336,761		1,349,462		101		6,196
Indirect automobile	1,058		335		106		1,499		12,179		13,678		—		675
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	1,384		—		229		1,613		526,233		527,846		—		1,873
Home equity	390		237		9		636		234,072		234,708		—		319
Other consumer	19		2		25		46		11,993		12,039		—		29
Total consumer loans	1,793		239		263		2,295		772,298		774,593		—		2,221
Total originated loans and leases	$	11,749	$	2,300	$	6,993	$	21,042	$	4,551,846	$	4,572,888	$	117	$	12,259

Table of Contents

BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Past Due												Loans and Leases Past
	31-60 Days		61-90 Days		Greater Than 90 Days		Total		Current		Total Loans and Leases		Due Greater Than 90 Days and Accruing		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
	(In Thousands)
Acquired:
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	1,336	$	369	$	7,588	$	9,293	$	181,751	$	191,044	$	4,982	$	2,606
Multi-family mortgage	—		—		1,077		1,077		36,538		37,615		1,077		—
Construction	—		—		—		—		580		580		—		—
Total commercial real estate loans	1,336		369		8,665		10,370		218,869		229,239		6,059		2,606
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	351		23		2,967		3,341		12,591		15,932		325		2,678
Equipment financing	—		—		—		—		8,902		8,902		—		—
Total commercial loans and leases	351		23		2,967		3,341		21,493		24,834		325		2,678
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	326		216		2,399		2,941		85,662		88,603		2,047		352
Home equity	1,012		386		460		1,858		77,987		79,845		142		1,438
Other consumer	—		—		—		—		131		131		—		—
Total consumer loans	1,338		602		2,859		4,799		163,780		168,579		2,189		1,790
Total acquired loans and leases	$	3,025	$	994	$	14,491	$	18,510	$	404,142	$	422,652	$	8,573	$	7,074

Total loan and leases	$	14,774	$	3,294	$	21,484	$	39,552	$	4,955,988	$	4,995,540	$	8,690	$	19,333

Commercial Real Estate Loans — At September 30, 2016, loans outstanding in the three classes within this segment expressed as a percentage of total loans and leases outstanding were as follows: commercial real estate loans — 38.3%; multi-family mortgage loans — 13.2%; and construction loans — 2.6%.

Loans in this portfolio that are on nonaccrual status and/or risk-rated “substandard” or worse are evaluated on an individual loan basis for impairment. For non-impaired commercial real estate loans, loss factors are applied to outstanding loans by risk rating for each of the three classes in the portfolio. The factors applied are based primarily on historic loan loss experience and an assessment of internal and external factors and other relevant information.

Commercial Loans and Leases — At September 30, 2016, loans and leases outstanding in the three classes within this segment expressed as a percent of total loans and leases outstanding were as follows: commercial loans and leases — 12.2%; equipment financing loans — 14.4%; and loans to condominium associations — 1.0%.

Loans and leases in this portfolio that are on nonaccrual status and/or risk-rated “substandard” or worse are evaluated on an individual basis for impairment. For non-impaired commercial loans and leases, loss factors are applied to outstanding loans by risk rating for the respective class in the portfolio.

Consumer Loans — At September 30, 2016, loans outstanding within the four classes within this segment expressed as a percent of total loans and leases outstanding were as follows: residential mortgage loans — 11.6%; home equity loans — 6.4%; indirect automobile loans — 0.1% , and other consumer loans — 0.2%.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Significant risk characteristics related to the residential mortgage and home equity loan portfolios are the geographic concentration of the properties financed within selected communities in the greater Boston and Providence metropolitan areas. The payment status and loan-to-value ratio are the primary credit quality indicators used for residential mortgage loans and home equity loans. Generally, loans are not made when the loan-to-value ratio exceeds 80% unless private mortgage insurance is obtained and/or there is a financially strong guarantor. Consumer loans that become 90 days or more past due, or are placed on nonaccrual regardless of past due status, are reviewed on an individual basis for impairment by assessing the net realizable value of underlying collateral and the economic condition of the borrower.

Impaired Loans and Leases

A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due (both interest and principal) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Company has defined the population of impaired loans to include nonaccrual loans and troubled debt restructured loans.

When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan or lease is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal, under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan or lease is not in doubt and the loan or lease is on nonaccrual status, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received, under the cash basis method.

The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances of impaired loans and leases with the related allowance amount, if applicable, for the originated and acquired loan and lease portfolios at the dates indicated. Also presented are the average recorded investments in the impaired loans and leases and the related amount of interest recognized during the period that the impaired loans were impaired.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At September 30, 2016						At December 31, 2015
	Recorded Investment ₍₁₎		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment ₍₂₎		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	$	6,608	$	6,604	$	—	$	2,758	$	2,756	$	—
Commercial	21,338		21,311		—		14,097		14,074		—
Consumer	3,461		3,456		—		4,582		4,575		—
Total originated with no related allowance recorded	31,407		31,371		—		21,437		21,405		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	4,543		4,542		153		6,150		6,150		2,167
Commercial	14,317		14,298		5,580		2,215		2,213		1,202
Consumer	248		246		98		—		—		—
Total originated with an allowance recorded	19,108		19,086		5,831		8,365		8,363		3,369
Total originated impaired loans and leases	50,515		50,457		5,831		29,802		29,768		3,369

Acquired:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	9,851		9,851		—		7,035		7,035		—
Commercial	3,886		3,886		—		4,053		4,052		—
Consumer	8,422		8,437		—		7,549		7,565		—
Total acquired with no related allowance recorded	22,159		22,174		—		18,637		18,652		—
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	—		—		—		2,606		2,606		148
Commercial	486		486		410		486		486		112
Consumer	425		425		29		174		174		9
Total acquired with an allowance recorded	911		911		439		3,266		3,266		269
Total acquired impaired loans and leases	23,070		23,085		439		21,903		21,918		269

Total impaired loans and leases	$	73,585	$	73,542	$	6,270	$	51,705	$	51,686	$	3,638

⁽¹⁾Includes originated and acquired nonaccrual loans of $29.7 million and $4.0 million, respectively, at September 30, 2016.

⁽²⁾Includes originated and acquired nonaccrual loans of $9.3 million and $7.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016				September 30, 2015
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	$	6,636	$	49	$	3,077	$	21
Commercial	21,474		147		15,112		171
Consumer	3,480		18		4,421		15
Total originated with no related allowance recorded	31,590		214		22,610		207
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	4,549		48		6,172		49
Commercial	14,390		3		7,700		2
Consumer	248		—		—		—
Total originated with an allowance recorded	19,187		51		13,872		51
Total originated impaired loans and leases	50,777		265		36,482		258

Acquired:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	9,952		67		10,813		39
Commercial	4,127		29		4,113		16
Consumer	8,475		16		8,094		19
Total acquired with no related allowance recorded	22,554		112		23,020		74
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	—		—		—		—
Commercial	486		—		596		—
Consumer	423		2		93		1
Total acquired with an allowance recorded	909		2		689		1
Total acquired impaired loans and leases	23,463		114		23,709		75

Total impaired loans and leases	$	74,240	$	379	$	60,191	$	333

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015




	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2016				September 30, 2015
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(In Thousands)
Originated:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	$	5,655	$	119	$	4,403	$	65
Commercial	16,602		412		15,095		474
Consumer	3,865		55		4,156		45
Total originated with no related allowance recorded	26,122		586		23,654		584
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	4,957		146		4,791		148
Commercial	13,017		5		6,687		8
Consumer	165		—		112		—
Total originated with an allowance recorded	18,139		151		11,590		156
Total originated impaired loans and leases	44,261		737		35,244		740

Acquired:
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	8,341		126		9,912		114
Commercial	4,254		66		4,516		48
Consumer	7,795		51		7,927		48
Total acquired with no related allowance recorded	20,390		243		22,355		210
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate	1,458		—		81		—
Commercial	486		—		689		—
Consumer	490		6		274		6
Total acquired with an allowance recorded	2,434		6		1,044		6
Total acquired impaired loans and leases	22,824		249		23,399		216

Total impaired loans and leases	$	67,085	$	986	$	58,643	$	956

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The following tables present information regarding impaired and non-impaired loans and leases at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate		Commercial		Indirect Automobile		Consumer		Total
	(In Thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Originated:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	153	$	5,580	$	—	$	98	$	5,831
Collectively evaluated for impairment	26,978		20,365		150		3,928		51,421
Total originated loans and leases	27,131		25,945		150		4,026		57,252

Acquired:
Individually evaluated for impairment	—		410		—		29		439
Collectively evaluated for impairment	260		19		—		40		319
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality	665		90		—		127		882
Total acquired loans and leases	925		519		—		196		1,640

Total allowance for loan and lease losses	$	28,056	$	26,464	$	150	$	4,222	$	58,892

Loans and Leases:
Originated:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	11,151	$	35,185	$	—	$	3,610	$	49,946
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,683,110		1,413,462		7,607		831,798		4,935,977
Total originated loans and leases	2,694,261		1,448,647		7,607		835,408		4,985,923

Acquired:
Individually evaluated for impairment	546		3,454		—		2,865		6,865
Collectively evaluated for impairment	51,933		11,860		—		78,531		142,324
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality	136,688		6,905		—		53,595		197,188
Total acquired loans and leases	189,167		22,219		—		134,991		346,377

Total loans and leases	$	2,883,428	$	1,470,866	$	7,607	$	970,399	$	5,332,300

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	At December 31, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate		Commercial		Indirect Automobile		Consumer		Total
	(In Thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Originated:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	2,167	$	1,202	$	—	$	—	$	3,369
Collectively evaluated for impairment	26,857		20,545		269		3,947		51,618
Total originated loans and leases	29,024		21,747		269		3,947		54,987

Acquired:
Individually evaluated for impairment	148		112		—		9		269
Collectively evaluated for impairment	333		71		—		45		449
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality	646		88		—		300		1,034
Total acquired loans and leases	1,127		271		—		354		1,752

Total allowance for loan and lease losses	$	30,151	$	22,018	$	269	$	4,301	$	56,739

Loans and Leases:
Originated:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	8,907	$	15,806	$	—	$	4,471	$	29,184
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,426,248		1,333,656		13,678		770,122		4,543,704
Total originated loans and leases	2,435,155		1,349,462		13,678		774,593		4,572,888

Acquired:
Individually evaluated for impairment	3,188		4,090		—		2,606		9,884
Collectively evaluated for impairment	63,857		12,081		—		105,146		181,084
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality	162,194		8,663		—		60,827		231,684
Total acquired loans and leases	229,239		24,834		—		168,579		422,652

Total loans and leases	$	2,664,394	$	1,374,296	$	13,678	$	943,172	$	4,995,540

Troubled Debt Restructured Loans and Leases

A specific valuation allowance for losses on troubled debt restructured loans is determined by comparing the net carrying amount of the troubled debt restructured loan with the restructured loan's cash flows discounted at the original effective rate.

The following table sets forth information regarding troubled debt restructured loans and leases at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Troubled debt restructurings:
On accrual	$	16,303	$	17,953
On nonaccrual	15,715		4,965
Total troubled debt restructurings	$	32,018	$	22,918

Total troubled debt restructuring loans and leases increased by $9.1 million to $32.0 million at September 30, 2016 from $22.9 million at December 31, 2015. The increase was primarily due to $8.8 million of taxi medallion loans which were restructured under the definition of a troubled debt restructuring and placed on nonaccrual during the first nine months of 2016.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings and the associated specific allowances for loan and lease losses, in the originated and acquired loan and lease portfolios, are as follows for the periods indicated.



	At and for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Recorded Investment					Specific				Defaulted⁽¹⁾
	Number of Loans/ Leases	At Modification		At End of Period		Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases		Additional Commitment		Number of Loans/ Leases	Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial	2	$	812	$	812	$	220	$	473	$	—	1	$	348
Equipment financing	1	433		433		—		433		—		2	353
Total Originated	3	1,245		1,245		220		906		—		3	701

Acquired:
Home equity	4	323		323		20		146		—		—	—
Total Acquired	4	323		323		20		146		—		—	—

Total	7	$	1,568	$	1,568	$	240	$	1,052	$	—	3	$	701

(1) Includes loans and leases that have been modified within the past twelve months and subsequently had payment defaults during the period indicated.



	At and for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Recorded Investment					Specific				Defaulted⁽¹⁾
	Number of Loans/ Leases	At Modification		At End of Period		Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases		Additional Commitment		Number of Loans/ Leases	Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial	7	$	5,600	$	5,197	$	119	$	239	$	—	—	$	—
Equipment financing	4	318		305		—		—		—		—	—
Residential mortgage	1	152		153		—		153		—		—	—
Home equity	2	$	273	$	274			$	101
Total Originated	14	6,343		5,929		119		493		—		—	—

Acquired:
Commercial	2	379		372		—		—		—		1	399
Home equity	1	175		174				—		—		—	—
Total Acquired	3	554		546		—		—		—		1	399

Total	17	$	6,897	$	6,475	$	119	$	493	$	—	1	$	399

(1) Includes loans and leases that have been modified within the past twelve months and subsequently had payment defaults during the period indicated.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015




	At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Recorded Investment					Specific				Defaulted
	Number of Loans/ Leases	At Modification		At End of Period		Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases		Additional Commitment		Number of Loans/ Leases	Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial real estate	2	$	1,155	$	1,127	$	—	$	1,127	$	—	—	$	—
Commercial	22	9,701		9,504		3,478		9,136		—		2	376
Equipment financing	3	797		786		—		786		—		2	353
Total Originated	27	11,653		11,417		3,478		11,049		—		4	729

Acquired:
Commercial	—	—		—		—		—		—		2	696
Home equity	5	374		372		20		146		—		—	—
Total Acquired	5	374		372		20		146		—		2	696

Total	32	$	12,027	$	11,789	$	3,498	$	11,195	$	—	6	$	1,425




	At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Recorded Investment					Specific				Defaulted
	Number of Loans/ Leases	At Modification		At End of Period		Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses		Nonaccrual Loans and Leases		Additional Commitment		Number of Loans/ Leases	Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Originated:
Commercial	8	$	5,735	$	5,429	$	119	$	239	$	—	—	$	—
Equipment financing	5	430		403		—		—		—		—	—
Residential mortgage	1	152		153		—		153		—		—	—
Home Equity	2	273		274				101
Total Originated	16	6,590		6,259		119		493		—		—	—

Acquired:
Commercial	4	642		634		—		12		—		1	399
Home Equity	2	200		197		—		23		—		—	—
Total Acquired	6	842		831		—		35		—		1	399

Total	22	$	7,432	$	7,090	$	119	$	528	$	—	1	$	399

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The following table sets forth the Company’s balances of troubled debt restructurings that were modified for the periods indicated, by type of modification.



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
	(In Thousands)
Loans with one modification:
Extended maturity	$	528	$	1,632	$	604	$	2,137
Adjusted principal	—		—		410		—
Interest only	—		1,335		2,346		1,335
Combination maturity, principal, interest rate	1,040		906		8,201		1,004
Total loans with one modification	1,568		3,873		11,561		4,476

Loans with more than one modification:
Extended maturity	—		2,602		228		2,603
Combination maturity, principal, interest rate	—		—		—		11
Total loans with more than one modification	—		2,602		228		2,614

Total loans with modifications	$	1,568	$	6,475	$	11,789	$	7,090

The net charge-offs of the performing and nonperforming troubled debt restructuring loans and leases for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2016 were $28 thousand and $110 thousand, respectively. The net recoveries of performing and nonperforming troubled debt restructuring loans and leases for the three months ended September 30, 2015 was $3 thousand; while the net charge-offs for the performing and nonperforming troubled debt restructuring loans and leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $14 thousand.

As of September 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no commitments to lend funds to debtors owing receivables whose terms had been modified in troubled debt restructurings.

(6) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The following table sets forth the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Goodwill	$	137,890	$	137,890
Other intangible assets:
Core deposits	7,665		9,544
Trade name	1,089		1,089
Total other intangible assets	8,754		10,633
Total goodwill and other intangible assets	$	146,644	$	148,523

The Company concluded that the BankRI name would continue to be utilized in its marketing strategies; therefore, the trade name with a carrying value of $1.1 million has an indefinite life.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The estimated aggregate future amortization expense (in thousands) for intangible assets with a finite life remaining at September 30, 2016 is as follows:



Remainder of 2016	$	621
Year ending:
2017	2,089
2018	1,669
2019	1,295
2020	944
2021	601
Thereafter	446
Total	$	7,665

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(7) Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) represents the sum of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, the Company’s other comprehensive income (loss) include the following two components: (1) unrealized holding gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale, and (2) adjustment of accumulated obligation for postretirement benefits.

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, were as follows for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Investment Securities Available-for-Sale			Postretirement Benefits		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	5,618		$	351	$	5,969
Other comprehensive loss	(1,073		)	—		(1,073		)
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	4,545		$	351	$	4,896



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Investment Securities Available-for-Sale			Postretirement Benefits		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2015	$	(1,886	)	$	111	$	(1,775	)
Other comprehensive income	2,966			—		2,966
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	1,080		$	111	$	1,191



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Investment Securities Available-for-Sale			Postretirement Benefits		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	(2,827	)	$	351	$	(2,476	)
Other comprehensive income	7,372			—		7,372
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	4,545		$	351	$	4,896



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Investment Securities Available-for-Sale			Postretirement Benefits		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
	(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	(1,733	)	$	111	$	(1,622	)
Other comprehensive income	2,813			—		2,813
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	1,080		$	111	$	1,191

The Company did not reclassify any amounts out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(8) Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company may use interest-rate contracts (swaps, caps, and floors) as part of its interest-rate risk management strategy. These agreements are entered into as hedges against future interest-rate fluctuations on specifically identified assets or liabilities. The Company did not have derivative fair value hedges or derivative cash flow hedges at September 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015, respectively.

Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative but rather, result from a service the Company provides to certain commercial banking customers for a fee. The Company executes interest-rate swaps with certain commercial banking customers to aid them in managing their interest-rate risk. These contracts allow the commercial banking customers to convert floating-rate loan payments to fixed-rate loan payments. The credit risks associated with the interest-rate swaps entered into with our commercial banking customers are consistent with those involved in extending loans. These transactions are subject to the Company's credit policy including collateral requirements consistent with the Company's assessment of the customers' credit quality.

The Company concurrently enters into offsetting swaps with a third-party financial institution, effectively minimizing its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. The third-party financial institution exchanges the customer’s fixed-rate loan payments for floating-rate loan payments.

As the interest-rate swaps associated with this program do not meet hedge accounting requirements and the requirement of the underlying collateral of the customer swaps, the fair value of the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are not materially different and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations. The Company had 107 interest-rate swaps related to this program with an aggregate notional amount of $747.2 million at September 30, 2016, compared with 64 interest-rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $490.6 million at December 31, 2015.

Asset derivatives and liability derivatives are included in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities on the unaudited consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The table below presents the fair value and classification of the Company’s derivative financial instruments at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
	Asset Derivatives		Liability Derivatives		Asset Derivatives		Liability Derivatives
	(In Thousands)
Total derivatives (interest-rate products) not designated as hedging instruments	$	24,790	$	24,790	$	8,656	$	8,781

Certain derivative agreements contain provisions that require the Company to pledge collateral (in the form of financial instruments and/or cash) if the derivative exposure exceeds a threshold amount. The Company had pledged collateral of $37.3 million and $14.7 million in the normal course of business at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The tables below present the offsetting of derivatives and amounts subject to master netting agreements not offset in the unaudited consolidated balance sheet at the dates indicated.



	At September 30, 2016
	Gross Amounts of Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position		Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Position		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position				Net Amount
	Gross Amounts of Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position				Financial Instruments Pledged		Cash Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
	(In Thousands)
Asset Derivatives	$	24,790	$	—	$	24,790	$	—	$	—	$	24,790

Liability Derivatives	$	24,790	$	—	$	24,790	$	36,629	$	720	$	—



	At December 31, 2015
	Gross Amounts of Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position		Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Position		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position				Net Amount
	Gross Amounts of Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position				Financial Instruments Pledged		Cash Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
	(In Thousands)
Asset Derivatives	$	8,656	$	—	$	8,656	$	—	$	—	$	8,656

Liability Derivatives	$	8,781	$	—	$	8,781	$	9,873	$	4,790	$	—

The Company has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain credit-risk-related contingent provisions. These provisions provide the counterparty with the right to terminate its derivative positions and require the Company to settle its obligations under the agreements if the Company defaults on certain of its indebtedness or if the Company fails to maintain its status as a well-capitalized institution.

(9) Stock Based Compensation

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had three active recognition and retention plans: the 2003 Recognition and Retention Plan (the "2003 RRP") with 1,250,000 authorized shares, the 2011 Restricted Stock Award Plan (the "2011 RSA") with 500,000 authorized shares, and the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan") with 1,750,000 authorized shares. The 2003 RRP, the 2011 RSA, and the 2014 Plan are collectively referred to as the "Plans". The purpose of the Plans is to promote the long-term financial success of the Company and its subsidiaries by providing a means to attract, retain and reward individuals who contribute to such success and to further align their interests with those of the Company's stockholders.

Of the awarded shares, generally 50% vest ratably over three years with one-third of such shares vesting at each of the first, second, and third anniversary dates of the awards. These are referred to as "time-based shares". The remaining 50% of each award has a cliff vesting schedule and will vest three years after the award date based on the level of the Company's achievement of identified performance targets in comparison to the level of achievement of such identified performance targets by a defined peer group of financial institutions. These are referred to as "performance-based shares". The specific performance measure targets relate to return on assets, return on tangible equity, asset quality, and total shareholder return. Generally, if a participant leaves the Company prior to the third anniversary date of an award, any unvested shares are forfeited. Dividends declared with respect to shares awarded are held by the Company and paid to the participant only when the shares vest.

Under all the Plans, shares of the Company's common stock are reserved for issuance as restricted stock awards to officers, employees, and non-employee directors of the Company. Shares issued upon vesting may be either authorized but unissued shares or reacquired shares held by the Company as treasury shares. Any shares not issued because vesting requirements are not met will be retired back to treasury and be made available again for issuance under the Plans.

During the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2016, 134,809 shares and 136,139 shares were issued upon satisfaction of required conditions of the Plans, net of shares withheld to cover taxes, respectively. This compared to 107,133 shares, net and 112,553 shares, net during three months and nine months ended September 30, 2015.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Total expense for the Plans was $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Total expense for the Plans was $1.4 million and $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(10) Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016				September 30, 2015
	Basic		Fully Diluted		Basic		Fully Diluted
	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Numerator:
Net income	$	13,617	$	13,617	$	12,888	$	12,888

Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding	70,299,722		70,299,722		70,129,056		70,129,056
Effect of dilutive securities	—		151,038		—		110,964
Adjusted weighted average shares outstanding	70,299,722		70,450,760		70,129,056		70,240,020

EPS	$	0.19	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.18



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2016				September 30, 2015
	Basic		Fully Diluted		Basic		Fully Diluted
	(In Thousands Except Share Data)
Numerator:
Net income	$	39,083	$	39,083	$	36,456	$	36,456

Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding	70,228,127		70,228,127		70,071,999		70,071,999
Effect of dilutive securities	—		166,338		—		135,984
Adjusted weighted average shares outstanding	70,228,127		70,394,465		70,071,999		70,207,983

EPS	$	0.56	$	0.56	$	0.52	$	0.52

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

(11) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. There were no changes in the valuation techniques used during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables set forth the carrying value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated:



	Carrying Value at September 30, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In Thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
GSEs debentures	$	—	$	66,339	$	—	$	66,339
GSE CMOs	—		172,805		—		172,805
GSE MBSs	—		233,423		—		233,423
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	—		111		—		111
Corporate debt obligations	—		49,304		—		49,304
Trust preferred securities	—		1,313		—		1,313
Total debt securities	—		523,295		—		523,295
Marketable equity securities	1,000		—		—		1,000
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	1,000	$	523,295	$	—	$	524,295

Interest-rate swaps	$	—	$	24,790	$	—	$	24,790

Liabilities:
Interest-rate swaps	$	—	$	24,790	$	—	$	24,790

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



	Carrying Value at December 31, 2015
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In Thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
GSEs debentures	$	—	$	40,627	$	—	$	40,627
GSE CMOs	—		193,816		—		193,816
GSE MBSs	—		229,881		—		229,881
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	—		147		—		147
Corporate debt obligations	—		46,486		—		46,486
Trust preferred securities	—		1,267		—		1,267
Total debt securities	—		512,224		—		512,224
Marketable equity securities	977		—		—		977
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	977	$	512,224	$	—	$	513,201

Interest-rate swaps	$	—	$	8,656	$	—	$	8,656

Liabilities:
Interest-rate swaps	$	—	$	8,781	$	—	$	8,781

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale

The fair value of investment securities is based principally on market prices and dealer quotes received from third-party and nationally-recognized pricing services for identical investment securities such as U.S. Treasury and agency securities. The Company's marketable equity securities are priced this way and are included in Level 1. These prices are validated by comparing the primary pricing source with an alternative pricing source when available. When quoted market prices for identical securities are unavailable, the Company uses market prices provided by independent pricing services based on recent trading activity and other observable information, including but not limited to market interest-rate curves, referenced credit spreads, and estimated prepayment speeds where applicable. These investments include GSE debentures, GSE mortgage-related securities, SBA commercial loan asset backed securities, corporate debt securities, and trust preferred securities, all of which are included in Level 2. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, none of the investment securities available-for-sale were valued using pricing models included in Level 3.

Additionally, management reviews changes in fair value from period to period and performs testing to ensure that prices received from the third parties are consistent with management's expectation of the market. Changes in the prices obtained from the pricing service are analyzed on a month to month basis, taking into consideration changes in market conditions including changes in mortgage spreads, changes in U.S. Treasury security yields, and changes in generic pricing of 15-year and 30-year securities. Additional analysis may include a review of prices provided by other independent parties, a yield analysis, a review of average life changes using Bloomberg analytics, and a review of historical pricing for a particular security.

Interest-Rate Swaps

The fair values for the interest-rate swap assets and liabilities represent a Level 2 valuation and are based on settlement values adjusted for credit risks associated with the counterparties and the Company and observable market interest rate curves. Credit risk adjustments consider factors such as the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties, its net exposures, and remaining contractual life. To date, the Company has not realized any losses due to a counterparty’s inability to pay any net uncollateralized position. See also Note 8, “Derivatives and Hedging Activities.”

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

There were no transfers between levels for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the three and nine months ended, September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The tables below summarize assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at the dates indicated:



	Carrying Value at September 30, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In Thousands)
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
Collateral-dependent impaired loans and leases	$	—	$	—	$	33,414	$	33,414
OREO	—		—		367		367
Repossessed assets	—		785		—		785
Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis	$	—	$	785	$	33,781	$	34,566



	Carrying Value at December 31, 2015
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In Thousands)
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
Collateral-dependent impaired loans and leases	$	—	$	—	$	12,137	$	12,137
OREO	—		—		729		729
Repossessed assets	—		614		—		614
Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis	$	—	$	614	$	12,866	$	13,480

Collateral-Dependent Impaired Loans and Leases

For nonperforming loans and leases where the credit quality of the borrower has deteriorated significantly, fair values of the underlying collateral is estimated using purchase and sales agreements (Level 2), comparable sales, or recent appraisals (Level 3), adjusted for selling costs and other expenses.

Other Real Estate Owned

The Company records OREO at the lower of cost or fair value. In estimating fair value, the Company utilizes purchase and sales agreements (Level 2) or comparable sales, recent appraisals or cash flows discounted at an interest rate commensurate with the risk associated with these cash flows (Level 3), adjusted for selling costs and other expenses.

Repossessed Assets

Repossessed assets are carried at estimated fair value less costs to sell based on auction pricing (Level 2).

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The table below presents quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for assets measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis at the dates indicated.



	Fair Value				Valuation Technique
	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Collateral-dependent impaired loans and leases	$	33,414	$	12,137	Appraisal of collateral (1)
Other real estate owned	$	367	$	729	Appraisal of collateral (1)

(1) Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral. The Company may also use another available source of collateral assessment to determine a reasonable estimate of the fair value of the collateral. Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic factors and estimated liquidation expenses. The range of the unobservable inputs used may vary but is generally 0% - 10% on the discount for costs to sell and 0% - 15% on appraisal adjustments.

Summary of Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying amount, estimated fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments at the dates indicated. This table excludes financial instruments for which the carrying amount approximates fair value. Financial assets for which the fair value approximates carrying value include cash and cash equivalents, FHLBB and FRB stock, and accrued interest receivable. Financial liabilities for which the fair value approximates carrying value include non-maturity deposits, short-term borrowings, and accrued interest payable.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015



					Fair Value Measurements
	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs
	(In Thousands)
At September 30, 2016
Financial assets:
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSEs debentures	$	14,734	$	14,705	$	—	$	14,705	$	—
GSE MBSs	18,710		18,752		—		18,752		—
Municipal obligations	43,150		44,131		—		44,131		—
Foreign government obligations	500		491		—		—		491
Loans held-for-sale	21,109		21,109		—		21,109		—
Loans and leases, net	5,273,408		5,206,031		—		—		5,206,031
Financial liabilities:
Certificates of deposit	1,106,046		1,115,664		—		1,115,664		—
Borrowed funds	1,022,653		1,027,986		—		1,027,986		—

At December 31, 2015
Financial assets:
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSE debentures	$	34,915	$	34,819	$	—	$	34,819	$	—
GSE MBSs	19,291		18,986		—		18,986		—
Municipal obligations	39,051		39,390		—		39,390		—
Foreign government obligations	500		500		—		—		500
Loans held-for-sale	13,383		13,383		—		13,383		—
Loans and leases, net	4,938,801		4,857,060		—		—		4,857,060
Financial liabilities:
Certificates of deposit	1,087,872		1,091,906		—		1,091,906		—
Borrowed funds	983,029		981,349		—		981,349		—

Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity

The fair values of certain investment securities held-to-maturity are estimated using market prices provided by independent pricing services based on recent trading activity and other observable information, including but not limited to market interest-rate curves, referenced credit spreads, and estimated prepayment speeds, where applicable. These investments include GSE debentures, GSE MBSs, and municipal obligations, all of which are included in Level 2. Additionally, fair values of foreign government obligations are based on comparisons to market prices of similar securities and are considered to be Level 3.

Loans Held-for-Sale

Fair value is measured using quoted market prices when available. These assets are typically categorized as Level 1. If quoted market prices are not available, comparable market values may be utilized. These assets are typically categorized as Level 2.

Loans and Leases

The fair values of performing loans and leases are estimated by segregating the portfolio into its primary loan and lease categories—commercial real estate mortgage, multi-family mortgage, construction, commercial, equipment financing,

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

condominium association, indirect automobile, residential mortgage, home equity, and other consumer. These categories were further disaggregated based on significant financial characteristics such as type of interest rate (fixed / variable) and payment status (current / past-due). The Company discounts the contractual cash flows for each loan category using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar quality and incorporates estimates of future loan prepayments. This method of estimating fair value does not incorporate the exit price concept of fair value.

Deposits

The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (demand, NOW, savings and money market savings accounts) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair value of certificates of deposit represents contractual cash flows discounted using interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. The fair value estimates for deposits do not include the benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by the Company’s core deposit relationships (deposit-based intangibles).

Borrowed Funds

The fair value of federal funds purchased is equal to the amount borrowed. The fair value of FHLBB advances and repurchase agreements represents contractual repayments discounted using interest rates currently available for borrowings with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. The fair values reported for retail repurchase agreements are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rates used are representative of approximate rates currently offered on borrowings with similar characteristics and maturities. The fair values reported for subordinated deferrable interest debentures are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rates used are representative of approximate rates currently offered on instruments with similar terms and maturities.

(12) Commitments and Contingencies

Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments

The Company is party to off-balance-sheet financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include loan commitments, standby and commercial letters of credit, and interest-rate swaps. According to GAAP, these financial instruments are not recorded in the financial statements until they are funded or related fees are incurred or received.

The contract amounts reflect the extent of the involvement the Company has in particular classes of these instruments. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest-rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by a counterparty is represented by the contractual amount of the instruments. The Company uses the same policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

Financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk at the dates indicated follow:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to originate loans and leases:
Commercial real estate	$	68,304	$	36,000
Commercial	74,655		78,017
Residential mortgage	5,019		19,430
Unadvanced portion of loans and leases	585,295		648,291
Unused lines of credit:
Home equity	328,116		280,786
Other consumer	14,476		12,383
Other commercial	188		529
Unused letters of credit:
Financial standby letters of credit	10,978		12,389
Performance standby letters of credit	472		392
Commercial and similar letters of credit	1,717		821
Back-to-back interest-rate swaps (Notional principal amounts)	747,233		490,632

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee by the customer. Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee performance of a customer to a third party. These standby and commercial letters of credit are primarily issued to support the financing needs of the Company’s commercial customers. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers.

The liability for unfunded credit commitments, which is included in other liabilities, was $1.3 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The Company enters into back-to-back interest rate swaps with commercial customers and third-party financial institutions. These swaps allow the Company to offer long-term fixed-rate commercial loans while mitigating the interest-rate risk of holding those loans. In a back-to-back interest rate swap transaction, the Company lends to a commercial customer on a floating-rate basis and then enters into an interest rate swap with that customer. Concurrently, the Company enters into an offsetting swap with a third-party financial institution, effectively minimizing its net interest-rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions.

The fair value for both interest rate swap assets and liabilities was $24.8 million at September 30, 2016. The fair value of interest rate swap assets and liabilities was $8.7 million and $8.8 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015.

Lease Commitments

The Company leases certain office space under various noncancellable operating leases. These leases have original terms ranging from 5 years to over 25 years. Certain leases contain renewal options and escalation clauses which can increase rental expenses based principally on the consumer price index and fair market rental value provisions.

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BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

A summary of future minimum rental payments under such leases at the dates indicated follows:



	Minimum Rental Payments
	(In Thousands)

Remainder of 2016	$	1,283
Year ending:
2017	4,919
2018	4,563
2019	3,712
2020	3,155
2021	2,646
Thereafter	11,993
Total	$	32,271

The leases contain escalation clauses for real estate taxes and other expenditures. Total rent expense was $1.3 million and $1.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015. Total rental expense was $3.9 million and $4.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The reduction in rent expense was attributable to the Company entering into two new sublease agreements on properties that had been previously vacated.

Legal Proceedings

There are various outstanding legal proceedings in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, after consulting with legal counsel, the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Company are not expected to be affected materially by the outcome of such proceedings.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. These statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe Brookline Bancorp, Inc.’s (the “Company’s”) future plans, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “plan,” “potential,” “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “target” and similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding the Company’s intent, belief or expectations with respect to economic conditions, trends affecting the Company’s financial condition or results of operations, and the Company’s exposure to market, liquidity, interest-rate and credit risk.

Forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions underlying the statements and other information with respect to the beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, anticipations, estimates and intentions of management and the financial condition, results of operations, future performance and business are only expectations of future results. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the Company’s forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company’s actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of, among other factors, adverse conditions in the capital and debt markets; changes in interest rates; competitive pressures from other financial institutions; the effects of weakness in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Company operates, including changes which adversely affect borrowers’ ability to service and repay their loans and leases; changes in the value of securities and other assets in the Company’s investment portfolio; changes in loan and lease default and charge-off rates; the adequacy of allowances for loan and lease losses; deposit levels necessitating increased borrowing to fund loans and investments; changes in government regulation; the risk that goodwill and intangibles recorded in the Company’s financial statements will become impaired; and changes in assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements, as well as the other risks and uncertainties detailed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 and other filings submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made.

Introduction

The Company, a Delaware corporation, operates as a multi-bank holding company for Brookline Bank and its subsidiaries, Bank Rhode Island (“BankRI”) and its subsidiaries, First Ipswich Bank (“First Ipswich”) and its subsidiaries, and Brookline Securities Corp.

As a commercially-focused financial institution with 49 full-service banking offices throughout greater Boston, the north shore of Massachusetts, and Rhode Island; the Company, through Brookline Bank, BankRI and First Ipswich (the “Banks”), offers a wide range of commercial, business, and retail banking services including a full complement of cash management products, on-line and mobile banking services, consumer and residential loans, and investment services, designed to meet the financial needs of small to mid-sized businesses and individuals throughout central New England. Specialty lending activities include equipment financing primarily in the New York and New Jersey metropolitan area.

The Company focuses its business efforts on the profitable growth of its commercial lending businesses, both organically and through acquisitions. The Company’s customer focus, multi-bank structure, and risk management are integral to its organic growth strategy and serve to differentiate the Company from its competitors. As full-service financial institutions, the Banks and their subsidiaries focus on the continued acquisition of well-qualified customers, the deepening of long-term banking relationships through a full complement of products, excellent customer service, and strong risk management.

The Company manages the Banks under uniform strategic objectives, with one set of uniform policies consistently applied by one executive management team. Within this environment, the Company believes that the ability to make customer decisions locally enhances management's motivation, service levels, and consequently the Company's financial results. As such, while most back-office functions are consolidated at the holding company level, branding and decision-making, including credit decisioning and pricing, remain largely local in order to better meet the needs of bank customers and further motivate the Banks’ commercial, business, and retail bankers.

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The Company and the Banks are supervised, examined and regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”). As a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank and trust company, respectively, Brookline Bank and First Ipswich are also subject to regulation under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Division of Banks. As a Rhode Island-chartered financial institution, BankRI is also subject to regulation under the laws of the State of Rhode Island and the jurisdiction of the Banking Division of the Rhode Island Department of Business Regulation. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") continues to insure each of the Banks’ deposits up to $250,000 per depositor. Additionally, as a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank, Brookline Bank is also insured by the Depositors Insurance Fund (“DIF”), a private industry-sponsored company. The DIF insures savings bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. As such, Brookline Bank offers 100% insurance on all deposits as a result of a combination of insurance from the FDIC and the DIF.

The Company’s common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market^SM under the symbol “BRKL.”

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Selected Financial Data

The following is based in part on, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and other information appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.



	At and for the Three Months Ended
	September 30,			June 30,			March 31,			December 31,			September 30,
	2016			2016			2016			2015			2015
	(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
PER COMMON SHARE DATA
Earnings per share — Basic	$	0.19		$	0.18		$	0.18		$	0.19		$	0.18
Book value per share (end of period)	9.90			9.82			9.69			9.51			9.45
Tangible book value per share (end of period) (1)	7.81			7.73			7.59			7.39			7.33
Dividends paid per common share	0.09			0.09			0.09			0.09			0.09
Stock price (end of period)	12.19			11.03			11.01			11.50			10.14

PERFORMANCE RATIOS (2)
Net interest margin (taxable equivalent basis)	3.48		%	3.44		%	3.45		%	3.54		%	3.54		%
Return on average assets	0.86		%	0.81		%	0.84		%	0.89		%	0.89		%
Return on average tangible assets (1)	0.88		%	0.83		%	0.86		%	0.92		%	0.91		%
Return on average stockholders’ equity	7.83		%	7.38		%	7.57		%	7.99		%	7.81		%
Return on average tangible stockholders' equity (1)	9.94		%	9.40		%	9.69		%	10.28		%	10.11		%
Dividend payout ratio (1)	46.60		%	50.07		%	49.45		%	47.54		%	49.13		%
Efficiency ratio (3)	57.89		%	57.97		%	57.57		%	57.59		%	58.59		%

ASSET QUALITY RATIOS
Net loan and lease charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases (annualized)	0.04		%	0.31		%	0.03		%	0.11		%	0.13		%
Nonperforming loans and leases as a percentage of total loans and leases	0.70		%	0.63		%	0.62		%	0.39		%	0.41		%
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets	0.61		%	0.54		%	0.53		%	0.34		%	0.36		%
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases	1.10		%	1.09		%	1.14		%	1.14		%	1.17		%
Allowance for loan and lease losses related to originated loans and leases as a percentage of originated loans and leases (1)	1.15		%	1.13		%	1.20		%	1.20		%	1.25		%

CAPITAL RATIOS
Stockholders’ equity to total assets	10.91		%	10.95		%	11.01		%	11.05		%	11.36		%
Tangible equity ratio (1)	8.82		%	8.82		%	8.83		%	8.81		%	9.04		%

FINANCIAL CONDITION DATA
Total assets	$	6,380,312		$	6,296,502		$	6,181,030		$	6,042,338		$	5,839,529
Total loans and leases	5,332,300			5,259,038			5,130,445			4,995,540			4,829,152
Allowance for loan and lease losses	58,892			57,258			58,606			56,739			56,472
Goodwill and identified intangible assets	146,644			147,267			147,888			148,523			149,247
Total deposits	4,564,906			4,485,154			4,393,456			4,306,018			4,144,577
Total borrowed funds	1,022,653			1,028,439			1,028,309			983,029			960,220
Stockholders’ equity	696,371			689,656			680,417			667,485			663,468

EARNINGS DATA
Net interest income	$	52,350		$	50,257		$	49,203		$	50,078		$	48,587
Provision for credit losses	2,215			2,545			2,378			1,520			1,755
Non-interest income	5,329			5,375			6,469			6,063			4,784
Non-interest expense	33,388			32,250			32,053			32,329			31,270
Net income	13,617			12,654			12,812			13,327			12,888


(1)	Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations to GAAP".


(2)	All performance ratios are annualized and are based on average balance sheet amounts, where applicable.


(3)	Efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing non-interest expense by the sum of non-interest income and net interest income.

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Executive Overview

Growth

Total assets of $6.4 billion at September 30, 2016 increased $338.0 million, or 7.5% on an annualized basis, from December 31, 2015. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in loans and leases.

Total loans and leases of $5.3 billion at September 30, 2016 increased $336.8 million, or 9.0% on an annualized basis, from $5.0 billion at December 31, 2015. The Company’s commercial loan portfolios, which are comprised of commercial real estate loans and commercial loans and leases, totaled $4.4 billion, or 81.7% of total loans and leases, at September 30, 2016, an increase of $315.6 million, or 10.4% on an annualized basis, from $4.0 billion, or 80.9% of total loans and leases, at December 31, 2015.

Total deposits of $4.6 billion at September 30, 2016 increased $258.9 million from December 31, 2015. Core deposits, defined as the sum of demand checking, NOW, money market, and savings accounts, increased at a 10.0% annualized rate during the first nine months of 2016.

Asset Quality

The ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans and leases was 1.10% and 1.14% at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The allowance for loan and lease losses related to originated loans and leases as a percentage of total originated loans and leases was 1.15% and 1.20% at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Company continued to employ its historical underwriting methodology throughout the nine month period ended September 30, 2016.

Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2016 totaled $38.7 million, or 0.61% of total assets, as compared with $20.7 million, or 0.34% of total assets, at December 31, 2015. The increase was primarily due to $19.0 million of taxi medallion loans which were placed on non-accrual and downgraded during the first nine months of 2016. Net charge-offs decreased $3.5 million to $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $4.0 million for the second quarter of 2016 due primarily to a charge-off of $3.4 million on a relationship in the second quarter of 2016 which had a specific reserve of $3.3 million that was recorded in 2015.

Capital Strength

The Company is a "well-capitalized" bank holding company as defined in the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation Y. The Company's common equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio was 10.51% at September 30, 2016, compared to 10.62% at December 31, 2015, while the Company’s Tier 1 Leverage Ratio was 9.13% at September 30, 2016, compared to 9.37% at December 31, 2015. The Company's Tier 1 Risk-Based Ratio was 10.81% at September 30, 2016, compared to 10.91% at December 31, 2015 while the Total Risk-Based Ratio was 13.36% at September 30, 2016, compared to 13.54% at December 31, 2015.

The Company's ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets was 10.91% and 11.05% at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Company's tangible equity ratio was 8.82% and 8.81% at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Net Income

For the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company reported net income of $13.6 million, or $0.19 per basic and diluted share, up $0.7 million, or 5.7%, from $12.9 million, or $0.18 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2015. This increase in net income is primarily the result of an increase in net interest income of $3.8 million and an increase in non-interest income of $0.5 million, offset by an increase in the provision for credit losses of $0.5 million, an increase in non-interest expense of $2.1 million, and an increase in provision for income taxes of $0.9 million. Refer to “Results of Operations" below for further discussion.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company reported net income of $39.1 million, or $0.56 per basic and diluted share, up $2.6 million, or 7.2%, from $36.5 million, or $0.52 per basic share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This increase is the result of an increase in net interest income of $7.5 million and an increase in non-interest income of $3.1 million, offset by an increase in the provision for credit losses of $1.2 million, an increase in non-interest expense of $4.7 million, an increase in provision for income taxes of $1.8 million, and an increase in net income attributed to noncontrolling interest of $0.3 million. Refer to “Results of Operations" below for further discussion.

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The annualized return on average assets was 0.86% and 0.84% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to 0.89% and 0.84% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. The annualized return on average stockholders’ equity was 7.83% and 7.59% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to 7.81% and 7.43% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Net interest margin was 3.48% for the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to 3.54% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease in the net interest margin in a highly competitive and declining interest rate environment is, in part, the result of a decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets by six basis points to 4.10% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 4.16% for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and an increase of three basis points in interest-bearing liabilities to 0.78% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.75% for the three months ended September 30, 2015.

Net interest margin was 3.46% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to 3.53% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease in the net interest margin in a highly competitive and declining interest rate environment is, in part, the result of a decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets by six basis points to 4.05% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 4.11% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and an increase of three basis points in interest-bearing liabilities to 0.78% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.75% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

The Company's net interest margin and net interest income continued to be placed under significant pressure due to competitive pricing in all loan categories and the continuation of a low interest-rate environment, along with the Company's diminishing ability to reduce its cost of funds.

Critical Accounting Policies

The SEC defines “critical accounting policies” as those involving significant judgments and difficult or complex assumptions by management, often as a result of the need to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain or variable, which have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets or net income. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates. As discussed in the Company’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K, management has identified the valuation of available-for-sale securities, accounting for assets and liabilities acquired, the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses, the review of goodwill and intangibles for impairment, and income tax accounting as the Company’s most critical accounting policies.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations to GAAP

In addition to evaluating the Company’s results of operations in accordance with GAAP, management periodically supplements this evaluation with an analysis of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as the return on tangible assets or equity, the tangible equity ratio, tangible book value per share, dividend payout ratio and the ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses related to originated loans and leases as a percentage of originated loans and leases. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide information useful to investors in understanding the Company’s underlying operating performance and trends, and facilitates comparisons with the performance assessment of financial performance, including non-interest expense control, while the tangible equity ratio and tangible book value per share are used to analyze the relative strength of the Company’s capital position.

The following table summarizes the Company’s return on average tangible assets and return on average tangible stockholders’ equity:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016			June 30, 2016			March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			September 30, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Net income, as reported	$	13,617		$	12,654		$	12,812		$	13,327		$	12,888

Average total assets	$	6,360,097		$	6,237,463		$	6,092,858		$	5,957,191		$	5,790,469
Less: Average goodwill and average identified intangible assets, net	146,997			147,619			148,248			148,930			149,669
Average tangible assets	$	6,213,100		$	6,089,844		$	5,944,610		$	5,808,261		$	5,640,800

Return on average tangible assets (annualized)	0.88		%	0.83		%	0.86		%	0.92		%	0.91		%

Average total stockholders’ equity	$	695,205		$	685,996		$	677,101		$	667,471		$	659,761
Less: Average goodwill and average identified intangible assets, net	146,997			147,619			148,248			148,930			149,669
Average tangible stockholders’ equity	$	548,208		$	538,377		$	528,853		$	518,541		$	510,092

Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (annualized)	9.94		%	9.40		%	9.69		%	10.28		%	10.11		%

The following table summarizes the Company’s tangible equity ratio at the dates indicated:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016			June 30, 2016			March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			September 30, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Total stockholders’ equity	$	696,371		$	689,656		$	680,417		$	667,485		$	663,468
Less: Goodwill and identified intangible assets, net	146,644			147,267			147,888			148,523			149,247
Tangible stockholders’ equity	$	549,727		$	542,389		$	532,529		$	518,962		$	514,221

Total assets	$	6,380,312		$	6,296,502		$	6,181,030		$	6,042,338		$	5,839,529
Less: Goodwill and identified intangible assets, net	146,644			147,267			147,888			148,523			149,247
Tangible assets	$	6,233,668		$	6,149,235		$	6,033,142		$	5,893,815		$	5,690,282

Tangible equity ratio	8.82		%	8.82		%	8.83		%	8.81		%	9.04		%

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The following table summarizes the Company’s tangible book value per share at the dates indicated:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016		June 30, 2016		March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015		September 30, 2015
	(Dollars In Thousands, Except Share Data)
Tangible stockholders’ equity	$	549,727	$	542,389	$	532,529	$	518,962	$	514,221

Common shares issued	75,744,445		75,744,445		75,744,445		75,744,445		75,744,445
Less: Common shares classified as treasury shares	4,734,512		4,862,193		4,861,554		4,861,554		4,861,085
Less: Unallocated ESOP shares	185,787		194,880		203,973		213,066		222,645
Less: Unvested restricted shares	476,938		484,066		486,035		486,035		486,999
Common shares outstanding	70,347,208		70,203,306		70,192,883		70,183,790		70,173,716

Tangible book value per share	$	7.81	$	7.73	$	7.59	$	7.39	$	7.33

The following table summarizes the Company’s dividend payout ratio:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016			June 30, 2016			March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			September 30, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Dividends paid	$	6,346		$	6,336		$	6,336		$	6,335		$	6,332

Net income, as reported	$	13,617		$	12,654		$	12,812		$	13,327		$	12,888

Dividend payout ratio	46.60		%	50.07		%	49.45		%	47.54		%	49.13		%

The following table summarizes the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses related to originated loans and leases as a percentage of total originated loans and lease at the dates indicated:



	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016			June 30, 2016			March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			September 30, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Allowance for loan and lease losses	$	58,892		$	57,258		$	58,606		$	56,739		$	56,472
Less: Allowance for acquired loan and lease losses	1,640			2,178			1,938			1,752			2,048
Allowance for originated loan and lease losses	$	57,252		$	55,080		$	56,668		$	54,987		$	54,424

Total loans and leases	$	5,332,300		$	5,259,038		$	5,130,445		$	4,995,540		$	4,829,152
Less: Total acquired loans and leases	346,377			371,986			395,782			422,652			457,922
Total originated loans and leases	$	4,985,923		$	4,887,052		$	4,734,663		$	4,572,888		$	4,371,230

Allowance for loan and lease losses related to originated loans and leases as a percentage of originated loans and leases	1.15		%	1.13		%	1.20		%	1.20		%	1.25		%

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Financial Condition

Loans and Leases

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of loans and leases receivable at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016					At December 31, 2015
	Balance			Percent of Total		Balance			Percent of Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate mortgage	$	2,038,477		38.3	%	$	1,875,592		37.5	%
Multi-family mortgage	703,743			13.2	%	658,480			13.2	%
Construction	141,208			2.6	%	130,322			2.6	%
Total commercial real estate loans	2,883,428			54.1	%	2,664,394			53.3	%
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	652,316			12.2	%	592,531			11.9	%
Equipment financing	764,647			14.4	%	721,890			14.5	%
Condominium association	53,903			1.0	%	59,875			1.2	%
Total commercial loans and leases	1,470,866			27.6	%	1,374,296			27.6	%
Indirect automobile	7,607			0.1	%	13,678			0.3	%
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	617,065			11.6	%	616,449			12.3	%
Home equity	340,954			6.4	%	314,553			6.3	%
Other consumer	12,380			0.2	%	12,170			0.2	%
Total consumer loans	970,399			18.2	%	943,172			18.8	%
Total loans and leases	5,332,300			100.0	%	4,995,540			100.0	%
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(58,892		)			(56,739		)
Net loans and leases	$	5,273,408				$	4,938,801

The following table sets forth the growth (decline) in the Company’s loan and lease portfolios during the nine months ended September 30, 2016:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015		Dollar Change			Percent Change (Annualized)
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial real estate	$	2,883,428	$	2,664,394	$	219,034		11.0	%
Commercial	1,470,866		1,374,296		96,570			9.4	%
Indirect automobile	7,607		13,678		(6,071		)	-59.2	%
Consumer	970,399		943,172		27,227			3.8	%
Total loans and leases	$	5,332,300	$	4,995,540	$	336,760		9.0	%

The Company’s loan portfolio consists primarily of first mortgage loans secured by commercial, multi-family and residential real estate properties located in the Company’s primary lending area, loans to business entities, including commercial lines of credit, loans to condominium associations, and loans and leases used to finance equipment used by small businesses. The Company also provides financing for construction and development projects, home equity and other consumer loans.

The Company employs seasoned commercial lenders and retail bankers who rely on community and business contacts as well as referrals from customers, attorneys, and other professionals to generate loans and deposits. Existing borrowers are also an important source of business since many of them have more than one loan outstanding with the Company. The Company’s

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ability to originate loans depends on the strength of the economy, trends in interest rates, and levels of customer demand, and market competition.

The Company's current policy is that the aggregate amount of loans outstanding to any one borrower or related entities may not exceed $35 million unless approved by the Board Credit Committee, a committee of the Company's Board of Directors.

As of September 30, 2016, there were three borrowers with aggregated loans outstanding of $35 million or greater. The total of those loans was $132 million or 2.48% of total loans outstanding as of September 30, 2016.

The Company has written underwriting policies to control the inherent risks in loan origination. The policies address approval limits, loan-to-value ratios, appraisal requirements, debt service coverage ratios, loan concentration limits, and other matters relevant to loan underwriting.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

The commercial real estate portfolio is composed of commercial real estate loans, multi-family mortgage loans, and construction loans and is the largest component of the Company’s overall loan portfolio, representing 54.1% of total loans and leases outstanding at September 30, 2016.

Typically, commercial real estate loans are larger in size and involve a greater degree of risk than owner-occupied residential mortgage loans. Loan repayment is usually dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties and the value of the properties securing the loans. Economic conditions can greatly affect cash flows and property values.

A number of factors are considered in originating commercial real estate and multi-family mortgage loans. The qualifications and financial condition of the borrower (including credit history), as well as the potential income generation and the value and condition of the underlying property, are evaluated. When evaluating the qualifications of the borrower, the Company considers the financial resources of the borrower, the borrower’s experience in owning or managing similar property and the borrower’s payment history with the Company and other financial institutions. Factors considered in evaluating the underlying property include the net operating income of the mortgaged premises before debt service and depreciation, the debt service coverage ratio (the ratio of cash flow before debt service to debt service), the use of conservative capitalization rates, and the ratio of the loan amount to the appraised value. Generally, personal guarantees are obtained from commercial real estate loan borrowers.

Commercial real estate and multi-family mortgage loans are typically originated for terms of five years with amortization periods of 5 to 20 years. Many of the loans are priced at inception on a fixed-rate basis generally for periods ranging from two to five years with repricing periods for longer-term loans. When possible, prepayment penalties are included in loan covenants on these loans. For commercial customers who are interested in loans with terms longer than five years, the Company offers interest rate swaps to accommodate customer preferences.

The Company's urban and suburban market area is characterized by a large number of apartment buildings, condominiums and office buildings. As a result, multi-family and commercial real estate mortgage lending has been a significant part of the Company's activities for many years. These types of loans typically generate higher yields, but also involve greater credit risk. Many of the Company's borrowers have more than one multi-family or commercial real estate loan outstanding with the Company.

At September 30, 2016, the commercial real estate portfolio was composed primarily of loans secured by apartment buildings ($726.5 million), office buildings ($647.8 million), retail stores ($546.1 million), industrial properties ($298.4 million), and mixed-use properties ($196.9 million) at . As of the close of the third quarter, over 97.28% of the commercial real estate loans outstanding were secured by properties located in New England.

Construction and development financing is generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk than long-term financing on improved, occupied real estate, and thus has higher concentration limits than do other commercial credit classes. Risk of loss on a construction loan is largely dependent upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of construction costs, the estimated time to sell or rent the completed property at an adequate price or rate of occupancy, and market conditions. If the estimates and projections prove to be inaccurate, the Company may be confronted with a project which, upon completion, has a value that is insufficient to assure full loan repayment.

Criteria applied in underwriting construction loans for which the primary source of repayment is the sale of the property are different from the criteria applied in underwriting construction loans for which the primary source of repayment is the

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stabilized cash flow from the completed project. For those loans where the primary source of repayment is from resale of the property, in addition to the normal credit analysis performed for other loans, the Company also analyzes project costs, the attractiveness of the property in relation to the market in which it is located, and demand within the market area. For those construction loans where the source of repayment is the stabilized cash flow from the completed project, the Company analyzes not only project costs but also how long it might take to achieve satisfactory occupancy and the reasonableness of projected rental rates in relation to market rental rates.

Commercial Loans and Leases

The commercial loan and lease portfolio is comprised of commercial loans, equipment financing loans and leases and condominium association loans and represented 27.6% of total loans outstanding at September 30, 2016.

The Company provides commercial banking services to companies in its market area. Approximately 50.7% of the commercial loans outstanding at September 30, 2016 were made to borrowers located in New England. The remaining 49.3% of the commercial loans outstanding were made to borrowers in other areas in the United States of America primarily by the Company's equipment financing divisions with approximately 17.2% of those balances made to borrowers in New York and New Jersey. Product offerings include lines of credit, term loans, letters of credit, deposit services, and cash management. These types of credit facilities have as their primary source of repayment cash flows from the operations of a business. Interest rates offered are available on a floating basis tied to the prime rate or a similar index or on a fixed-rate basis referenced on the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) index.

Credit extensions are made to established businesses on the basis of loan purpose and assessment of capacity to repay as determined by an analysis of their financial statements, the nature of collateral to secure the credit extension and, in most instances, the personal guarantee of the owner of the business as well as industry and general economic conditions. The Company also participates in U.S. Government programs such as the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) in both the 7A program and as an SBA preferred lender.

The Company’s equipment financing divisions focus on market niches in which its lenders have deep experience and industry contacts, and on making loans to customers with business experience. An important part of the Company’s equipment financing loan origination volume comes from equipment manufacturers and existing customers as they expand their operations. The equipment financing portfolio is composed primarily of loans to finance laundry, tow trucks, fitness, dry

cleaning, and convenience store equipment. The borrowers are located primarily in the greater New York and New Jersey metropolitan area, although the customer base extends to locations throughout the United States. Typically, the loans are priced at a fixed rate of interest and require monthly payments over a three- to seven-year life. The yields earned on equipment financing loans are higher than those earned on the commercial loans made by the Banks because they involve a higher degree of credit risk. Equipment financing customers are typically small-business owners who operate with limited financial resources and who face greater risks when the economy weakens or unforeseen adverse events arise. Because of these characteristics, personal guarantees of borrowers are usually obtained along with liens on available assets. The size of loan is determined by an analysis of cash flow and other characteristics pertaining to the business and the equipment to be financed, based on detailed revenue and profitability data of similar operations.

Loans to condominium associations are for the purpose of funding capital improvements, are made for five- to ten-year terms and are secured by a general assignment of condominium association revenues. Among the factors considered in the underwriting of such loans are the level of owner occupancy, the financial condition and history of the condominium association, the attractiveness of the property in relation to the market in which it is located, and the reasonableness of estimates of the cost of capital improvements to be made. Depending on loan size, funds are advanced as capital improvements are made and, in more complex situations, after completion of engineering inspections.

Consumer Loans

The consumer loan portfolio is comprised of residential mortgage loans, home equity loans and lines of credit and other consumer loans and represented 18.2% of total loans outstanding at September 30, 2016. The Company focuses its mortgage loans on existing and new customers within its branch networks in the urban and suburban marketplaces in the greater Boston and Providence metropolitan areas. Loans outstanding in the indirect automobile portfolio totaled $7.6 million at September 30, 2016, down from $13.7 million at December 31, 2015. In December 2014, the Company ceased the origination of indirect automobile loans and in March 2015 sold $255.2 million of the indirect automobile loan portfolio. As of September 30, 2016, the Company continues to service the remaining portfolio.

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The Company originates adjustable and fixed-rate residential mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residences. Each residential mortgage loan granted is subject to a satisfactorily completed application, employment verification, credit history, and a demonstrated ability to repay the debt. Generally, loans are not made when the loan-to-value ratio exceeds 80% unless private mortgage insurance is obtained and/or there is a financially strong guarantor. Appraisals are performed by outside independent fee appraisers.

In general, the Company maintains three, five, and seven year adjustable-rate mortgage loans and ten-year fixed-rate fully amortizing mortgage loans in its portfolio. Fixed-rate mortgage loans with maturities beyond ten years, such as 15- and 30-year fixed-rate mortgages, are generally not maintained in the Company’s portfolio but are, rather, sold into the secondary market on a servicing-released basis. At September 30, 2016, the Banks acted as correspondent banks in these secondary-market transactions. Loan sales in the secondary market provide funds for additional lending and other banking activities.

Underwriting guidelines for home equity loans and lines of credit are similar to those for residential mortgage loans. Home equity loans and lines of credit are limited to no more than 80% of the appraised value of the property securing the loan including the amount of any existing first mortgage liens.

Other consumer loans have historically been a modest part of the Company’s loan originations. At September 30, 2016, other consumer loans equaled $12.4 million, or 0.2% of total loans outstanding. Consumer equity and debt securities were pledged as collateral for a substantial part of these loans.

Asset Quality

Criticized and Classified Assets

The Company’s management rates certain loans and leases as “other asset especially mentioned ("OAEM"),” “substandard” or “doubtful” based on criteria established under banking regulations. These loans and leases are collectively referred to as “criticized” assets. Loans and leases rated OAEM have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects of the loan or lease at some future date. Loans and leases rated as substandard are inadequately protected by the payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans and leases have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of debt and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if existing deficiencies are not corrected. At September 30, 2016, the Company had $63.7 million of total assets, including acquired assets, that were designated as criticized. This compares to $49.0 million of assets that were designated as criticized at December 31, 2015. The increase in criticized assets was primarily due to several criticized taxi medallion loans which were downgraded during the first nine months of 2016. See Note 5, “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses,” to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for more information on the Company’s risk-rating system.

Nonperforming Assets

“Nonperforming assets” consist of nonperforming loans and leases, other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other repossessed assets. Under certain circumstances, the Company may restructure the terms of a loan or lease as a concession to a borrower, except for acquired loans and leases which are individually evaluated against expected performance on the date of acquisition. These restructured loans and leases are generally considered “nonperforming loans and leases” until a history of collection of at least nine months on the restructured terms of the loan or lease has been established. OREO consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure proceedings and real estate acquired through acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. Other repossessed assets consist of assets that have been acquired through foreclosure that are not real estate and are included in other assets on the Company’s unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

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The following table sets forth information regarding nonperforming assets at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Nonaccrual loans and leases:
Commercial real estate mortgage	$	1,688		$	5,482
Multi-family mortgage	1,418			291
Commercial	24,051			6,264
Equipment financing	6,652			2,610
Indirect automobile	179			675
Residential mortgage	1,749			2,225
Home equity	1,780			1,757
Other consumer	35			29
Total nonaccrual loans and leases	37,552			19,333
OREO	367			729
Other repossessed assets	785			614
Total nonperforming assets	$	38,704		$	20,676

Loans and leases past due greater than 90 days and still accruing	$	8,275		$	8,690

Total nonperforming loans and leases as a percentage of total loans and leases	0.70		%	0.39		%
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets	0.61		%	0.34		%

Total nonperforming assets, which are composed of nonaccrual loans and leases, OREO and other repossessed assets, increased $18.0 million from $20.7 million at December 31, 2015 to $38.7 million at September 30, 2016. The increase was primarily due to $19.0 million of taxi medallion loans which were placed on non-accrual and downgraded during the first nine months of 2016.

Troubled Debt Restructured Loans and Leases

The following table sets forth information regarding troubled debt restructured loans and leases at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Troubled debt restructurings:
On accrual	$	16,303	$	17,953
On nonaccrual	15,715		4,965
Total troubled debt restructurings	$	32,018	$	22,918

Total troubled debt restructuring loans and leases increased by $9.1 million to $32.0 million at September 30, 2016 from $22.9 million at December 31, 2015. The increase was primarily due to $8.8 million of taxi medallion loans which were restructured under the definition of a troubled debt restructuring, and placed on nonaccrual during the first nine months of 2016.

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The following table presents the changes in troubled debt restructured loans and leases for the periods indicated:



	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	(In Thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	31,314		$	20,186		$	22,918		$	20,440
Additions	1,568			6,475			11,789			7,090
Net charge-offs (recoveries)	28			—			110			(25		)
Repayments	(892		)	(2,955		)	(2,799		)	(3,799		)
Balance at end of period	$	32,018		$	23,706		$	32,018		$	23,706

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The allowance for loan and lease losses consists of general and specific allowances and reflects management’s estimate of probable loan and lease losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. Management uses a consistent and systematic process and methodology to evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses on a quarterly basis. The allowance is calculated by loan type: commercial real estate loans, commercial loans and leases, indirect automobile loans, and consumer loans, each category of which is further segregated. A formula-based credit evaluation approach is applied to each group that is evaluated collectively, primarily by loss factors, which includes estimates of incurred losses over an estimated loss emergence period, assigned to each risk rating by type, coupled with an analysis of certain loans individually evaluated for impairment. Management continuously evaluates and challenges inputs and assumptions in the allowance for loan and lease loss.

The process to determine the allowance for loan and lease losses requires management to exercise considerable judgment regarding the risk characteristics of the loan portfolios and the effect of relevant internal and external factors. While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan and lease losses, future adjustments to the allowance for loan and lease losses may be necessary if conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. Management performs a comprehensive review of the allowance for loan and lease losses on a quarterly basis. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan and lease losses and carrying amounts of other real estate owned. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

During the three months ended September 30 2015, the Company enhanced and refined its general allowance methodology to provide a more precise quantification of probable losses in the portfolio. Under the enhanced methodology, management combined the historical loss information of the Banks to generate a single set of ratios. Management believes it is appropriate to aggregate the ratios as the Banks share common environmental factors, operate in similar markets, and utilize common underwriting standards in accordance with the Company's Credit Policy. In prior periods, a historical loss history applicable to each Bank was used.

Management employed a similar analysis for the consolidation of the qualitative factors as it did for the quantitative factors. Again, management believes the combination of the existing nine qualitative factors used at each of the Banks into a single group of factors for use across the Company is appropriate based on the commonality of environmental factors, markets, and underwriting standards among the Banks. In prior periods each of the Banks utilized a set of qualitative factors applicable to each Bank.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had a portfolio of approximately $36.0 million in loans secured by taxi medallions issued by the cities of Boston and Cambridge. Recently, application-based mobile ride services, such as Uber and Lyft, have generated increased competition in the taxi area, resulting in a reduction in taxi utilization and, as a result, a reduction in the collateral value and credit quality of taxi medallion loans. This has increased the likelihood that loans secured by taxi medallions may default, or that the borrowers may be unable to repay these loans at maturity, potentially resulting in an increase in troubled debt restructurings. Therefore, beginning with the three months ended December 31, 2015, the Company’s allowance calculation included a further segmentation of the commercial loans and leases to reflect the increased risk in the Company’s taxi medallion portfolio. This allowance calculation segmentation represents management’s estimations of the risks associated with the portfolio.

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As of September 30, 2016, the Company had an allowance for loan and lease losses associated with taxi medallion loans of $6.0 million of which $4.7 million were specific reserves and $1.3 million was a general reserve. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a general reserve for loan and lease losses associated with taxi medallion loans of $4.3 million. The total troubled debt restructured loans and leases secured by taxi medallions increased by $8.8 million from $1.3 million at December 31, 2015 to $10.1 million at September 30, 2016. The total loans and leases secured by taxi medallions that were placed on nonaccrual increased to $18.0 million at September 30, 2016 from zero at December 31, 2015. However, further declines in demand for taxi services or further deterioration in the value of taxi medallions may result in higher delinquencies and losses beyond that which is provided for in the allowance for loan and lease losses.

Based on the refinements to the Company’s allowance methodology discussed above, management determined that the potential risks anticipated by the unallocated allowance are now incorporated into the allowance methodology, making the unallocated allowance unnecessary. In prior periods, the unallocated allowance was used to recognize the estimated risk associated with the allocated general and specific allowances. It incorporated management’s evaluation of existing conditions that were not included in the allocated allowance determinations and provided for losses that arise outside of the ordinary course of business.

See Note 5, “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses,” to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for descriptions of how management determines the balance of the allowance for loan and lease losses for each portfolio and class of loans.

The following tables present the changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.



	At and for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2016	$	29,861		$	22,916		$	183		$	4,298		$	—	$	57,258
Charge-offs	(50		)	(545		)	(109		)	(135		)	—		(839		)
Recoveries	—			170			102			47			—		319
(Credit) provision for loan and lease losses	(1,755		)	3,923			(26		)	12			—		2,154
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	28,056		$	26,464		$	150		$	4,222		$	—	$	58,892

Total loans and leases	$	2,883,428		$	1,470,866		$	7,607		$	970,399		N/A		$	5,332,300
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases	0.97		%	1.80		%	1.97		%	0.44		%	N/A		1.10		%



	At and for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2015	$	29,216		$	20,229		$	381		$	4,012		$	2,560		$	56,398
Charge-offs	—			(1,388		)	(296		)	(247		)	—			(1,931		)
Recoveries	—			112			179			41			—			332
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses	1,845			2,009			57			322			(2,560		)	1,673
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	31,061		$	20,962		$	321		$	4,128		$	—		$	56,472

Total loans and leases	$	2,563,371		$	1,322,604		$	16,294		$	926,883		N/A			$	4,829,152
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases	1.21		%	1.58		%	1.97		%	0.45		%	N/A			1.17		%

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	At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated		Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	30,151		$	22,018		$	269		$	4,301		$	—	$	56,739
Charge-offs	(1,534		)	(3,250		)	(472		)	(782		)	—		(6,038		)
Recoveries	—			495			467			138			—		1,100
(Credit) provision for loan and lease losses	(561		)	7,201			(114		)	565			—		7,091
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	28,056		$	26,464		$	150		$	4,222		$	—	$	58,892

Total loans and leases	$	2,883,428		$	1,470,866		$	7,607		$	970,399		N/A		$	5,332,300
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases	0.97		%	1.80		%	1.97		%	0.44		%	N/A		1.10		%




	At and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Commercial Real Estate			Commercial			Indirect Automobile			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	29,594		$	15,957		$	2,331		$	3,359		$	2,418		$	53,659
Charge-offs	(550		)	(2,083		)	(1,513		)	(479		)	—			(4,625		)
Recoveries	—			418			1,170			83			—			1,671
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses	2,017			6,670			(1,667		)	1,165			(2,418		)	5,767
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	31,061		$	20,962		$	321		$	4,128		$	—		$	56,472

Total loans and leases	$	2,563,371		$	1,322,604		$	16,294		$	926,883		N/A			$	4,829,152
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases	1.21		%	1.58		%	1.97		%	0.45		%	N/A			1.17		%

The allowance for loan and lease losses was $58.9 million at September 30, 2016, or 1.10% of total loans and leases outstanding. This compared to an allowance for loan and lease losses of $56.7 million or 1.14% of total loans and leases outstanding, at December 31, 2015. The increase in the allowance for loan and lease losses from December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 was due to loan growth of $336.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, and the increase in specific reserve for taxi medallion loans, partially offset by the reduction in reserve due to changes in the historical loss factors of the commercial real estate and consumer portfolios.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

The allowance for commercial real estate loan losses was $28.1 million at September 30, 2016, or 0.97% of total commercial real estate loans outstanding. This compared to an allowance for commercial real estate loan losses of $30.2 million, or 1.13% of total commercial real estate loans outstanding, at December 31, 2015. Specific reserves on commercial real estate loans were $0.2 million and $2.3 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The $2.1 million decrease in the allowance for commercial real estate loan losses during the first nine months of 2016 was primarily driven by the decrease in specific reserves due to an impaired commercial real estate loan which was charged off during the second quarter of 2016 and the decrease in reserve due to the changes in loss factors, partially offset by the increase in reserve due to loan growth of $219.0 million, or 11.0% on an annualized basis from December 31, 2015.

The ratio of total criticized and classified commercial real estate loans to total commercial real estate loans decreased to 0.66% at September 30, 2016 from 1.03% at December 31, 2015. The ratio of originated commercial real estate loans on nonaccrual to total originated commercial real estate loans decreased to 0.11% at September 30, 2016 from 0.13% at December 31, 2015.

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Net charge-offs in the commercial real estate loan portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2016 were $0.1 million. There were no charge-offs or recoveries for the three months ended September 30, 2015. As a percentage of average commercial real estate loans, annualized net charge-offs for the three months ended September 30, 2016 were 0.01%.

Net charge-offs in the commercial real estate loan portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $1.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The increase in net charge-offs was due to the charge-off of $1.0 million for a commercial real estate loan during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. As a percentage of average commercial real estate loans, annualized net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.07% and 0.03%, respectively.

Commercial Loans and Leases

The allowance for commercial loan and lease losses was $26.5 million, or 1.8% of total commercial loans and leases outstanding, at September 30, 2016, compared to $22.0 million, or 1.60%, at December 31, 2015. Specific reserves on commercial loans and leases increased from $1.3 million at December 31, 2015 to $6.0 million at September 30, 2016. The $4.5 million increase in the allowance for commercial loan and lease losses during the first nine months of 2016 was primarily driven by loan growth of $96.6 million, or 9.4% on an annualized basis, from December 31, 2015, and the increase in specific reserve for impaired taxi medallion loans, partially offset by the decrease in reserve due to risk rating migration.

The ratio of total criticized and classified commercial loans and leases to total commercial loans and leases was 3.03% at September 30, 2016 as compared to 1.57% at December 31, 2015. The ratio of originated commercial loans and leases on nonaccrual to total originated commercial loans and leases increased to 1.97% at September 30, 2016 from 0.46% at December 31, 2015.

Net charge-offs in the commercial loan and lease portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively. As a percentage of average commercial loans and leases, the annualized net charge-offs for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.10% and 0.39%, respectively.

Net charge-offs in the commercial loan and lease portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $2.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The increase in net charge-offs was primarily due to the charge-off of $1.8 million for a commercial relationship during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 which was recorded in the second quarter of 2016. As a percentage of average commercial loans and leases, annualized net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.26% and 0.18%, respectively.

Indirect Automobile Loans

The allowance for indirect automobile loan losses was $0.2 million, or 1.97% of total indirect automobile loans outstanding, at September 30, 2016, compared to $0.3 million, or 1.97% of the indirect automobile portfolio outstanding, at December 31, 2015. Loans outstanding decreased $6.1 million from $13.7 million at December 31, 2015 to $7.6 million at September 30, 2016. There were no loans individually evaluated for impairment in the indirect automobile portfolio at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The ratio of indirect automobile loans with borrower credit scores below 660 to the total indirect automobile portfolio decreased to 44.6% at September 30, 2016 from 45.5% at December 31, 2015. The ratio of indirect automobile loans on nonaccrual to total indirect automobile loans decreased to 2.35% at September 30, 2016 compared to 4.93% at December 31, 2015.

Net charge-offs in the indirect automobile portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $7.0 thousand and $117.0 thousand, respectively. As a percentage of average indirect automobile loans, the annualized net recoveries for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.33% and 2.62%, respectively.

Net charge-offs in the indirect automobile portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $5.0 thousand. This compared to net charge-offs of $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. As a percentage of average indirect automobile loans, the annualized net recoveries for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was 0.06%. This compared to annualized net charge-offs of 0.43% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

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Consumer Loans

The allowance for consumer loan losses, including residential loans and home equity loans and lines of credit, was $4.2 million, or 0.44% of total consumer loans and leases outstanding, at September 30, 2016, compared to $4.3 million, or 0.46%, at December 31, 2015. Specific reserves on consumer loans were $127.0 thousand and $9.0 thousand at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The ratio of originated consumer loans on nonaccrual to total originated consumer loans decreased to 0.22% at September 30, 2016 from 0.29% at December 31, 2015. The risk of loss on a home equity loan is higher since the property securing the loan has often been previously pledged as collateral for a first mortgage loan. The Company gathers and analyzes delinquency data, to the extent that data are available on these first liens, for purposes of assessing the collectability of the second liens held for the Company even if these home equity loans are not delinquent. The data are further analyzed for performance differences between amortizing and non-amortizing home equity loans, the percentage borrowed to total loan commitment, and by the amount of payments made by the borrower. The loss exposure is not considered to be high due to the combination of current property values, the historically low loan-to-value ratios, the low level of losses experienced in the past few years, and the low level of loan delinquencies at September 30, 2016. If the local economy weakens, a rise in losses in those loan classes could occur. Historically, losses in these classes have been low.

Net charge-offs in the consumer loan portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. As a percentage of average consumer loans, the annualized net charge-offs for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.04% and 0.09%, respectively.

Net charge-offs in the consumer loan portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. As a percentage of average consumer loans, the annualized net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 0.09% and 0.06%, respectively.

The following table sets forth the Company’s percent of allowance for loan and lease losses to the total allowance for loan and lease losses and the percent of loans to total loans for each of the categories listed at the dates indicated.



	At September 30, 2016						At December 31, 2015
	Amount		Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans		Amount		Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate	$	18,791	31.9	%	38.3	%	$	21,100	37.3	%	37.5	%
Multi-family	6,389		10.8	%	13.2	%	6,376		11.2	%	13.2	%
Construction	2,876		4.9	%	2.6	%	2,675		4.7	%	2.6	%
Total commercial real estate loans	28,056		47.6	%	54.1	%	30,151		53.2	%	53.3	%
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial	16,195		27.6	%	12.2	%	12,745		22.5	%	11.9	%
Equipment financing	9,852		16.7	%	14.4	%	8,809		15.5	%	14.5	%
Condominium association	417		0.7	%	1.0	%	464		0.8	%	1.2	%
Total commercial loans and leases	26,464		45.0	%	27.6	%	22,018		38.8	%	27.6	%
Indirect automobile	150		0.3	%	0.1	%	269		0.5	%	0.3	%
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage	1,909		3.2	%	11.6	%	2,069		3.6	%	12.3	%
Home equity	2,266		3.8	%	6.4	%	2,149		3.8	%	6.3	%
Other consumer	47		0.1	%	0.2	%	83		0.1	%	0.2	%
Total consumer loans	4,222		7.1	%	18.2	%	4,301		7.5	%	18.8	%
Total	$	58,892	100.0	%	100.0	%	$	56,739	100.0	%	100.0	%

Investments

The investment portfolio exists primarily for liquidity purposes, and secondarily as sources of interest and dividend income, interest-rate risk management and tax planning as a counterbalance to loan and deposit flows. Investment securities are

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utilized as part of the Company’s asset/liability management and may be sold in response to, or in anticipation of, factors such as changes in market conditions and interest rates, security prepayment rates, deposit outflows, liquidity concentrations, and regulatory capital requirements.

The investment policy of the Company, which is reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors on an annual basis, specifies the types of investments that are acceptable, required investment ratings by at least one nationally recognized rating agency, concentration limits and duration guidelines. Compliance with the investment policy is monitored on a regular basis. In general, the Company seeks to maintain a high degree of liquidity and targets cash, cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale balances between 10% and 30% of total assets.

Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities decreased approximately $16.5 million, or 9.7% on an annualized basis, to $665.9 million at September 30, 2016 from $682.4 million at December 31, 2015. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in cash balances, as excess balances were utilized to help fund loan growth. Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities were 10% of total assets at September 30, 2016 and 11.3% of total assets at December 31, 2015.

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost and market value of the Company’s investment securities at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(In Thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
GSEs	$	64,713	$	66,339	$	40,658	$	40,627
GSE CMOs	172,606		172,805		198,000		193,816
GSE MBSs	229,040		233,423		230,213		229,881
SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities	112		111		148		147
Corporate debt obligations	48,306		49,304		46,160		46,486
Trust preferred securities	1,468		1,313		1,466		1,267
Total debt securities	516,245		523,295		516,645		512,224
Marketable equity securities	964		1,000		956		977
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	517,209	$	524,295	$	517,601	$	513,201

Investment securities held-to-maturity:
GSEs	$	14,734	$	14,705	$	34,915	$	34,819
GSE MBSs	18,710		18,752		19,291		18,986
Municipal obligations	43,150		44,131		39,051		39,390
Foreign government obligations	500		491		500		500
Total investment securities held-to-maturity	$	77,094	$	78,079	$	93,757	$	93,695

The fair value of investment securities is based principally on market prices and dealer quotes received from third-party, nationally-recognized pricing services for identical investment securities such as U.S. Treasury and agency securities. The Company's marketable equity securities are priced this way and are included in Level 1. These prices are validated by comparing the primary pricing source with an alternative pricing source when available. When quoted market prices for identical securities are unavailable, the Company uses market prices provided by independent pricing services based on recent trading activity and other observable information, including but not limited to market interest-rate curves, referenced credit spreads, and estimated prepayment speeds, where applicable. These investments include certain U.S. and government agency debt securities, GSE residential MBSs and CMOs, corporate debt securities, SBA commercial loan asset-backed securities, and trust preferred securities, all of which are included in Level 2.

Additionally, management reviews changes in fair value from period to period and performs testing to ensure that prices received from the third parties are consistent with their expectation of the market. Changes in the prices obtained from the pricing service are analyzed from month to month, taking into consideration changes in market conditions including changes in

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mortgage spreads, changes in U.S. Treasury security yields, and changes in generic pricing of 15-year and 30-year securities. Additional analysis may include a review of prices provided by other independent parties, a yield analysis, a review of average life changes using Bloomberg analytics, and a review of historical pricing for the particular security.

Maturities, calls, and principal repayments for investment securities available-for-sale totaled $76.2 million and $77.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company purchased $77.3 million of investment securities available-for-sale. This compared to $50.5 million in purchases of investment securities available-for-sale for the same period in 2015. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not sell any investment securities available-for-sale.

Maturities, calls, and principal repayments for investment securities held-to-maturity totaled $41.3 million and $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company purchased $25.0 million of investment securities held-to-maturity. This compared to $68.5 million in purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity for the same period in 2015. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not sell any investment securities held-to-maturity.

At September 30, 2016, the fair value of all investment securities available-for-sale was $524.3 million, with net unrealized gains of $7.1 million, compared to a fair value of $513.2 million and net unrealized losses of $4.4 million at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016, $78.1 million, or 14.9% of the portfolio, had gross unrealized losses of $0.7 million. This compares to $368.1 million, or 71.7% of the portfolio, with gross unrealized losses of $6.0 million at December 31, 2015.

At September 30, 2016, the fair value of all investment securities held-to-maturity was $78.1 million with an amortized cost of $77.1 million and net unrealized gains of $1.0 million, compared to a fair value of $93.7 million, which approximated cost, at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016, $19.1 million, or 24.5% of the portfolio, had gross unrealized losses of $52.0 thousand. This compares to $52.3 million, or 55.8% of the portfolio, with gross unrealized losses of $0.4 million at December 31, 2015.

Management believes that these negative differences between amortized cost and fair value do not include credit losses, but rather differences in interest rates between the time of purchase and the time of measurement. It is more likely than not that the Company will not sell the investment securities before recovery, and, as a result, it will recover the amortized cost basis of the investment securities. As such, management has determined that these investment securities are not other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2016. If market conditions for investment securities worsen or the creditworthiness of the underlying issuers deteriorates, it is possible that the Company may recognize additional other-than-temporary impairments in future periods. For additional discussion on how the Company validates fair values provided by the third-party pricing service, see Note 13, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”

Restricted Equity Securities

FRB Stock

The Company invests in the stock of the FRB, as required by the Banks’ membership in the FRB. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company owned stock in the FRB with a carrying value of $16.8 million.

FHLBB Stock

The Company invests in the stock of the FHLBB as one of the requirements to borrow funds. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company owned stock in the FHLBB with a carrying value of $48.5 million and $48.9 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company maintained an excess balance of capital stock of $2.0 million and $4.3 million, respectively, which allows for additional borrowing capacity at each of the Banks. The decrease of the excess balance of capital stock was the result of a stock buyback by the FHLBB in the total amount of $1.4 million for one of the three Banks. The FHLBB stated that it remained in compliance with all regulatory capital ratios and was classified as “adequately capitalized” by its regulator at June 30, 2016, representing the most recent information available.

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Deposits

The following table presents the Company’s deposit mix at the dates indicated.



	At September 30, 2016						At December 31, 2015
	Amount		Percent of Total		Weighted Average Rate		Amount		Percent of Total		Weighted Average Rate
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Non-interest-bearing accounts	$	889,278	19.5	%	—	%	$	799,117	18.6	%	—	%

NOW accounts	298,629		6.5	%	0.07	%	283,972		6.6	%	0.07	%
Savings accounts	591,156		13.0	%	0.21	%	540,788		12.5	%	0.25	%
Money market accounts	1,679,797		36.8	%	0.45	%	1,594,269		37.0	%	0.44	%
Certificate of deposit accounts	1,106,046		24.2	%	1.01	%	1,087,872		25.3	%	0.93	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	3,675,628		80.5	%	0.55	%	3,506,901		81.4	%	0.53	%
Total deposits	$	4,564,906	100.0	%	0.44	%	$	4,306,018	100.0	%	0.43	%

Total deposits increased $258.9 million, or 8.0% on an annualized basis, to $4.6 billion at September 30, 2016 as compared to $4.3 billion at December 31, 2015. As a percentage of total assets, deposits increased from 71.3% at December 31, 2015 to 71.5% at September 30, 2016, primarily due to change in balance sheet mix.

At September 30, 2016, the Company had $247.6 million of brokered deposits compared to $252.3 million at December 31, 2015. Brokered deposits allow the Company to seek additional funding by attracting deposits from outside the Company's core market. The Company's investment policy limits the amount of brokered deposits to 15% of total assets. Brokered deposits are included in the certificate of deposit balance, which increased $18.2 million, or 2.2% on an annualized basis, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Certificates of deposit decreased as a percentage of total deposits to 24.2% at September 30, 2016 from 25.3% at December 31, 2015.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, core deposits increased $240.7 million, or 10.0% on an annualized basis. As a percentage of total deposits, the ratio increased from 74.7% at December 31, 2015 to 75.8% at September 30, 2016, primarily due to the shift in deposit mix.

The following table sets forth the distribution of the average balances of the Company’s deposit accounts for the periods indicated and the weighted average interest rates on each category of deposits presented. Averages for the periods presented are based on daily balances.



	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2016						2015
	Average Balance		Percent of Total Average Deposits		Weighted Average Rate		Average Balance		Percent of Total Average Deposits		Weighted Average Rate
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Core deposits:
Non-interest-bearing demand checking accounts	$	863,854	19.1	%	—	%	$	793,785	19.1	%	—	%
NOW accounts	295,762		6.6	%	0.07	%	246,163		5.9	%	0.07	%
Savings accounts	566,192		12.5	%	0.22	%	516,877		12.5	%	0.20	%
Money market accounts	1,678,937		37.2	%	0.45	%	1,550,477		37.4	%	0.43	%
Total core deposits	3,404,745		75.5	%	0.26	%	3,107,302		74.9	%	0.25	%
Certificate of deposit accounts	1,112,831		24.6	%	1.01	%	1,043,418		25.1	%	0.90	%
Total deposits	$	4,517,576	100.0	%	0.45	%	$	4,150,720	100.0	%	0.43	%

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	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016						2015
	Average Balance		Percent of Total Average Deposits		Weighted Average Rate		Average Balance		Percent of Total Average Deposits		Weighted Average Rate
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Core deposits:
Non-interest-bearing demand checking accounts	$	829,659	18.7	%	0.00	%	$	757,811	18.4	%	0.00	%
NOW accounts	289,908		6.5	%	0.07	%	244,253		5.9	%	0.07	%
Savings accounts	561,798		12.7	%	0.24	%	537,606		13.0	%	0.20	%
Money market accounts	1,654,700		37.2	%	0.45	%	1,544,085		37.4	%	0.45	%
Total core deposits	3,336,065		75.2	%	0.27	%	3,083,755		74.7	%	0.27	%
Certificate of deposit accounts	1,107,600		24.9	%	0.99	%	1,042,111		25.3	%	0.88	%
Total deposits	$	4,443,665	100.0	%	0.45	%	$	4,125,866	100.0	%	0.42	%

The following table sets forth the maturity periods for certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more deposited with the Company at the dates indicated:



	At September 30, 2016				At December 31, 2015
	Amount		Weighted Average Rate		Amount		Weighted Average Rate
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Maturity period:
Six months or less	$	173,139	0.86	%	$	135,434	0.74	%
Over six months through 12 months	74,487		0.95	%	135,210		1.00	%
Over 12 months	196,689		1.47	%	142,057		1.44	%
	$	444,315	1.15	%	$	412,701	1.07	%

Borrowed Funds

The following table sets forth certain information regarding FHLBB advances, subordinated debentures and notes and other borrowed funds for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Average balance outstanding	$	1,050,849		$	916,379		$	1,013,865		$	958,830
Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end during the period	1,050,118			960,220			1,050,118			1,094,460
Balance outstanding at end of period	1,022,653			960,220			1,022,653			960,220
Weighted average interest rate for the period	1.52		%	1.61		%	1.55		%	1.55		%
Weighted average interest rate at end of period	1.56		%	1.55		%	1.56		%	1.55		%

Advances from the FHLBB

On a long-term basis, the Company intends to continue to increase its core deposits. The Company also uses FHLBB borrowings and other wholesale borrowing opportunistically as part of the Company’s overall strategy to fund loan growth and manage interest-rate risk and liquidity. The advances are secured by blanket security agreements which require the Banks to maintain as collateral certain qualifying assets, principally mortgage loans and securities in an aggregate amount at least equal to outstanding advances. The maximum amount that the FHLBB will advance to member institutions, including the Company, fluctuates from time to time in accordance with the policies of the FHLBB. The Company may also borrow from the FRB “discount window” as necessary.

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FHLBB borrowings increased $39.1 million to $901.0 million at September 30, 2016 from $861.9 million at December 31, 2015. The increase in FHLBB borrowings was primarily due to additional advances to fund loan and lease growth. The Company also benefited from $14.1 million of borrowings at 0% interest for three years from a program offered by the FHLBB to Boston member banks who invest in small business loans to customers that create or preserve jobs in New England in the first quarter of 2016.

Repurchase Agreements

The Company periodically enters into repurchase agreements with its larger deposit and commercial customers as part of its cash management services which are typically overnight borrowings. Short-term borrowings and repurchase agreements with commercial customers increased $0.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from $38.2 million as of December 31, 2015 to $38.6 million as of September 30, 2016, as customers shifted funds from other deposit products.

Subordinated Debentures and Notes

The Company has $75.0 million of 6.0% fixed-to-floating subordinated notes due September 15, 2029. The Company is obligated to pay 6.0% interest semiannually between September 2014 and September 2024. Subsequently, the Company is obligated to pay 3-month LIBOR plus 3.315% quarterly until the notes mature in September 2029.

The following table summarizes the Company's subordinated debentures and notes at the dates indicated.



				Carrying Amount at September 30, 2016		Carrying Amount at December 31, 2015
Issue Date	Rate	Maturity Date	Next Call Date	Carrying Amount at September 30, 2016		Carrying Amount at December 31, 2015
(Dollars in Thousands)
June 26, 2003	Variable; 3-month LIBOR + 3.10%	June 26, 2033	December 26, 2016	$	4,745	$	4,724
March 17, 2004	Variable; 3-month LIBOR + 2.79%	March 17, 2034	December 17, 2016	4,618		4,588
September 15, 2014	6.0% Fixed-to-Variable; 3-month LIBOR + 3.315%	September 15, 2029	September 15, 2024	73,680		73,624
				$	83,043	$	82,936

The above carrying amounts of the subordinated debentures included $636.8 thousand of accretion adjustments and $1.3 million of capitalized debt issuance costs as of September 30, 2016. This compares to $688.4 thousand of accretion adjustments and $1.4 million of capitalized debt issuance costs as of December 31, 2015.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company has entered into interest-rate swaps with certain of its commercial customers and concurrently enters into offsetting swaps with third-party financial institutions. The Company did not have derivative fair value hedges or derivative cash flow hedges at September 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015. The following table summarizes certain information concerning the Company’s interest-rate swaps at September 30, 2016 and at December 31, 2015:



	Interest-Rate Swaps
	At September 30, 2016			At December 31, 2015
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Notional principal amounts	$	747,233		$	490,632
Fixed weighted average interest rate from the Company to counterparty	4.11		%	4.30		%
Floating weighted average interest rate from counterparty to the Company	2.53		%	2.40		%
Weighted average remaining term to maturity (in months)	96			100
Fair value:
Recognized as an asset	$	24,790		$	8,656
Recognized as a liability	$	24,790		$	8,781

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Stockholders’ Equity and Dividends

The Company’s total stockholders’ equity was $696.4 million at September 30, 2016, a $28.9 million increase compared to $667.5 million at December 31, 2015. The increase primarily reflects net income attributable to the Company of $39.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, an unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale of $7.4 million (after-tax), an increase of $1.0 million related to stock-based compensation, offset by common stock dividends of $19.0 million paid in that same period.

Stockholders’ equity represented 10.91% of total assets at September 30, 2016, as compared to 11.05% at December 31, 2015. Tangible stockholders’ equity (total stockholders’ equity less goodwill and identified intangible assets, net) represented 8.82% of tangible assets (total assets less goodwill and identified intangible assets, net) at September 30, 2016, as compared to 8.81% at December 31, 2015.

The Company's dividend payout ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 was 46.60% and 49.13%, respectively.

Results of Operations — Comparison of the Three and Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015

The primary drivers of the Company’s operating income are net interest income, which is strongly affected by the net yield on interest-earning assets and liabilities (“net interest margin”), the quality of the Company’s assets, its levels of non-interest income and non-interest expense, and its tax provision.

The Company’s net interest income represents the difference between interest income earned on its investments, loans and leases, and its cost of funds. Interest income depends on the amount of interest-earning assets outstanding during the period and the yield earned thereon. Cost of funds is a function of the average amount of deposits and borrowed money outstanding during the period and the interest rates paid thereon. The net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference between the average rate earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The increases (decreases) in the components of interest income and interest expense, expressed in terms of fluctuation in average volume and rate, are summarized under “Rate/Volume Analysis” below. Information as to the components of interest income, interest expense and average rates is provided under “Average Balances, Net Interest Income, Interest-Rate Spread and Net Interest Margin” below.

Because the Company’s assets and liabilities are not identical in duration and in repricing dates, the differential between asset and liability repricing and duration is vulnerable to changes in market interest rates as well as the overall shape of the yield curve. These vulnerabilities are inherent to the business of banking and are commonly referred to as “interest-rate risk.” How interest-rate risk is measured and, once measured, how much interest-rate risk is taken is based on numerous assumptions and other subjective judgments. See the discussion in “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” below.

The quality of the Company’s assets also influences its earnings. Loans and leases that are not paid on a timely basis and exhibit other weaknesses can result in the loss of principal and/or interest income. Additionally, the Company must make timely provisions to the allowance for loan and lease losses based on estimates of probable losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio. These additions, which are charged against earnings, are necessarily greater when greater probable losses are expected. Further, the Company incurs expenses as a result of resolving troubled assets. These variables reflect the “credit risk” that the Company takes on in the ordinary course of business and are further discussed under “Financial Condition — Asset Quality” above.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income of $52.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased $3.8 million, or 7.7%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2015. This overall increase was the result of an increase in total interest income of $4.8 million, or 8.5%, to $61.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, offset by an increase in interest expense of $1.1 million, or 13.3%, to $9.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016. Refer to “Results of Operations - Comparison of the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 — Interest Income” and “Results of Operations - Comparison of the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 — Interest Expense Deposit and Borrowed Funds” below for more details.

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Net interest income of $151.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased approximately $7.5 million, or 5.2%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This overall increase was the result of an increase in total interest income of $10.2 million, or 6.1%, to $178.7 million at September 30, 2016 from $168.5 million at September 30, 2015, offset by an increase in interest expense of $2.7 million, or 11.1%, to $26.9 million at September 30, 2016 from $24.2 million at September 30, 2015. Refer to “Results of Operations - Comparison of the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 — Interest Income” and “Results of Operations - Comparison of the Three-Month and Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 — Interest Expense Deposit and Borrowed Funds” below for more details.

Net interest margin decreased to 3.48% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 3.54% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the net interest margin decreased to 3.46% from 3.53% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease in the net interest margin is the result of repricing interest-earning assets in a lower interest rate environment without a comparable offset in lower funding costs.

The yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 4.10% in the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 4.16% during the three months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease is the result of the continued pricing pressure due to the low interest rate environment and the competition in most loan categories as well as decreases in income from restricted equity securities and interest payments on debt securities during the three months ended September 30, 2016. In the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company benefited from a $0.9 million accretion on acquired loans and leases, which contributed six basis points to yields on interest-earning assets, compared to $0.8 million, or six basis points, in the three months ended September 30, 2015. In addition, the Company recorded $1.2 million in prepayment penalties, which contributed eight basis points to yields on interest-earning assets, in the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $0.9 million, or seven basis points, in the three months ended September 30, 2015.

The yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 4.05% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 4.11% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease is the result of the continued pricing pressure due to the low interest rate environment and the competition in most loan categories, as well as a decrease in accretion on acquired loans and leases, offset by an increase in prepayment penalties and late charges, and the increase in income from restricted equity securities, debt securities, and other short term investments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company benefited from a $1.3 million accretion on acquired loans and leases, which contributed three basis points to yields on interest-earning assets, compared to $2.8 million, or seven basis points, in the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease was due to the continued paydowns of acquired loans and the recognition of the associated purchase accounting accretion. In addition, the Company recorded $2.7 million in prepayment penalties, which contributed six basis points to yields on interest-earning assets, in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, compared to $2.4 million, or six basis points, in the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

The overall cost of funds (including non-interest-bearing demand checking accounts) increased two basis points to 0.65% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.63% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The overall cost of funds increased two basis points to 0.65% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.63% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Refer to "Financial Condition - Borrowed Funds" above for more details.

Future net interest income, net interest spread and net interest margin may continue to be negatively affected by the low interest-rate environment; ongoing pricing pressures in both loan and deposit portfolios; and the ability of the Company to increase its core deposit ratio, increase its non-interest-bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits, decrease its loan-to-deposit ratio, or decrease its reliance on FHLBB advances. They may also be negatively affected by changes in the amount of accretion on acquired loans and leases, deposits, and borrowed funds included in interest income and interest expense.

Average Balances, Net Interest Income, Interest-Rate Spread and Net Interest Margin

The following tables set forth information about the Company’s average balances, interest income and interest rates earned on average interest-earning assets, interest expense and interest rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities, interest-rate spread, and net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively. Average balances are derived from daily average balances and yields include fees, costs, and purchase-accounting-related premiums and discounts which are considered adjustments to coupon yields in accordance with GAAP. Certain amounts previously reported have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

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	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2016							September 30, 2015
	Average Balance			Interest (1)		Average Yield/ Cost		Average Balance			Interest (1)		Average Yield/ Cost
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Debt securities	$	604,394		$	2,910	1.93	%	$	587,804		$	2,904	1.98	%
Marketable and restricted equity securities	66,981			836		4.99	%	76,530			1,111		5.81	%
Short-term investments	36,273			47		0.51	%	36,163			17		0.19	%
Total investments	707,648			3,793		2.14	%	700,497			4,032		2.30	%
Commercial real estate loans (2)	2,872,733			29,470		4.10	%	2,531,729			26,739		4.22	%
Commercial loans and leases (2)	717,265			7,130		3.90	%	636,756			6,570		4.05	%
Equipment financing (2)	759,622			12,189		6.42	%	664,010			11,300		6.81	%
Indirect automobile loans (2)	8,466			103		4.83	%	17,872			182		4.05	%
Residential mortgage loans (2)	620,741			5,513		3.55	%	613,678			5,437		3.54	%
Other consumer loans (2)	348,050			3,707		4.22	%	315,402			2,707		3.40	%
Total loans and leases	5,326,877			58,112		4.36	%	4,779,447			52,935		4.43	%
Total interest-earning assets	6,034,525			61,905		4.10	%	5,479,944			56,967		4.16	%
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(58,032		)					(56,833		)
Non-interest-earning assets	383,604							367,358
Total assets	$	6,360,097						$	5,790,469

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW accounts	$	295,762		52		0.07	%	$	246,163		44		0.07	%
Savings accounts	566,192			318		0.22	%	516,877			257		0.20	%
Money market accounts	1,678,937			1,905		0.45	%	1,550,477			1,664		0.43	%
Certificates of deposit	1,112,831			2,837		1.01	%	1,043,418			2,361		0.90	%
Total interest-bearing deposits (3)	3,653,722			5,112		0.56	%	3,356,935			4,326		0.51	%
Advances from the FHLBB	921,396			2,778		1.18	%	801,379			2,495		1.22	%
Subordinated debentures and notes	83,036			1,259		6.07	%	82,866			1,251		6.04	%
Other borrowed funds	46,417			32		0.27	%	32,134			28		0.34	%
Total borrowed funds	1,050,849			4,069		1.52	%	916,379			3,774		1.61	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	4,704,571			9,181		0.78	%	4,273,314			8,100		0.75	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand checking accounts	863,854							793,785
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities	90,025							58,414
Total liabilities	5,658,450							5,125,513
Brookline Bancorp, Inc. stockholders’ equity	695,205							659,761
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	6,442							5,195
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,360,097						$	5,790,469
Net interest income (tax-equivalent basis) / Interest-rate spread (4)				52,724		3.32	%				48,867		3.41	%
Less adjustment of tax-exempt income				374							280
Net interest income				$	52,350						$	48,587
Net interest margin (5)						3.48	%						3.54	%


(1)	Tax-exempt income on debt securities, equity securities and revenue bonds included in commercial real estate and commercial loans is included on a tax-equivalent basis.


(2)	Loans on nonaccrual status are included in the average balances.


(3)	Including non-interest-bearing checking accounts, the average interest rate on total deposits was 0.45% and 0.41% in the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively.


(4)	Interest-rate spread represents the difference between the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.


(5)	Net interest margin represents net interest income (tax equivalent basis) divided by average interest-earning assets.

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	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2016							September 30, 2015
	Average Balance			Interest (1)		Average Yield/ Cost		Average Balance			Interest (1)		Average Yield/ Cost
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Debt securities	$	604,603		$	9,078	2.00	%	$	577,967		$	8,529	1.97	%
Marketable and restricted equity securities	66,764			2,247		4.49	%	76,218			2,126		3.72	%
Short-term investments	46,198			149		0.43	%	57,197			98		0.23	%
Total investments	717,565			11,474		2.13	%	711,382			10,753		2.02	%
Commercial real estate loans (2)	2,785,472			85,014		4.07	%	2,504,739			79,375		4.23	%
Commercial loans (2)	692,634			20,430		3.88	%	629,115			19,471		4.09	%
Equipment financing (2)	738,990			35,690		6.44	%	634,310			32,637		6.86	%
Indirect automobile loans (2)	10,398			365		4.68	%	106,210			2,542		3.20	%
Residential mortgage loans (2)	624,102			16,705		3.57	%	593,371			16,005		3.60	%
Other consumer loans (2)	339,672			10,024		3.93	%	307,878			8,373		3.63	%
Total loans and leases	5,191,268			168,228		4.32	%	4,775,623			158,403		4.42	%
Total interest-earning assets	5,908,833			179,702		4.05	%	5,487,005			169,156		4.11	%
Allowance for loan and lease losses	(57,982		)					(55,536		)
Non-interest-earning assets	379,761							370,038
Total assets	$	6,230,612						$	5,801,507

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW accounts	$	289,908		156		0.07	%	$	244,253		132		0.07	%
Savings accounts	561,798			998		0.24	%	537,606			793		0.20	%
Money market accounts	1,654,700			5,547		0.45	%	1,544,085			5,173		0.45	%
Certificates of deposit	1,107,600			8,174		0.99	%	1,042,111			6,828		0.88	%
Total interest-bearing deposits (3)	3,614,006			14,875		0.55	%	3,368,055			12,926		0.51	%
Advances from the FHLBB	888,406			8,125		1.20	%	841,196			7,414		1.16	%
Subordinated debentures and notes	82,996			3,773		6.06	%	82,826			3,749		6.03	%
Other borrowed funds	42,463			82		0.26	%	34,808			86		0.33	%
Total borrowed funds	1,013,865			11,980		1.55	%	958,830			11,249		1.55	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	4,627,871			26,855		0.78	%	4,326,885			24,175		0.75	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand checking accounts	829,659							757,811
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities	80,774							57,328
Total liabilities	5,538,304							5,142,024
Brookline Bancorp, Inc. stockholders’ equity	686,134							654,596
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	6,174							4,887
Total liabilities and equity	$	6,230,612						$	5,801,507
Net interest income (tax-equivalent basis) / Interest-rate spread (4)				152,847		3.27	%				144,981		3.36	%
Less adjustment of tax-exempt income				1,037							694
Net interest income				$	151,810						$	144,287
Net interest margin (5)						3.46	%						3.53	%


(1)	Tax-exempt income on debt securities, equity securities and revenue bonds included in commercial real estate and commercial loans is included on a tax-equivalent basis.


(2)	Loans on nonaccrual status are included in the average balances.


(3)	Including non-interest-bearing checking accounts, the average interest rate on total deposits was 0.45% and 0.41% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively.


(4)	Interest-rate spread represents the difference between the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.


(5)	Net interest margin represents net interest income (tax equivalent basis) divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Rate/Volume Analysis

The following table presents, on a tax-equivalent basis, the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected the Company’s interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to: (1) changes attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate), (2) changes attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume), and (3) the net change. The changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate.



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 as Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015									Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 as Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Increase									Increase
	(Decrease) Due To									(Decrease) Due To
	Volume			Rate			Net			Volume			Rate			Net
	(In Thousands)
Interest and dividend income
Debt securities	$	81		$	(75	)	$	6		$	413		$	136		$	549
Marketable and restricted equity securities	(129		)	(146		)	(275		)	(284		)	405			121
Short-term investments	—			30			30			(22		)	73			51
Total investments	(48		)	(191		)	(239		)	107			614			721
Loans and leases:
Commercial real estate loans	3,516			(785		)	2,731			8,703			(3,064		)	5,639
Commercial loans and leases	805			(245		)	560			1,947			(988		)	959
Equipment financing	1,567			(678		)	889			5,136			(2,083		)	3,053
Indirect automobile loans	(109		)	30			(79		)	(2,995		)	818			(2,177		)
Residential mortgage loans	61			15			76			833			(133		)	700
Other consumer loans	300			700			1,000			917			734			1,651
Total loans and leases	6,140			(963		)	5,177			14,541			(4,716		)	9,825
Total change in interest and dividend income	6,092			(1,154		)	4,938			14,648			(4,102		)	10,546

Interest expense
Deposits:
NOW accounts	8			—			8			24			—			24
Savings accounts	30			31			61			38			167			205
Money market accounts	154			87			241			374			—			374
Certificates of deposit	168			308			476			450			896			1,346
Total deposits	360			426			786			886			1,063			1,949
Borrowed funds:
Advances from the FHLBB	364			(81		)	283			440			271			711
Subordinated debentures and notes	2			6			8			7			17			24
Other borrowed funds	10			(6		)	4			17			(21		)	(4		)
Total borrowed funds	376			(81		)	295			464			267			731
Total change in interest expense	736			345			1,081			1,350			1,330			2,680
Change in tax-exempt income	94			—			94			343			—			343
Change in net interest income	$	5,262		$	(1,499	)	$	3,763		$	12,955		$	(5,432	)	$	7,523

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Interest Income

Loans and Leases



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent
	2016		2015		Change			Change		2016		2015		Change			Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Interest income — loans and leases:
Commercial real estate loans	$	29,470	$	26,739	$	2,731		10.2	%	$	85,014	$	79,374	$	5,640		7.1	%
Commercial loans	6,876		6,360		516			8.1	%	19,676		18,859		817			4.3	%
Equipment financing	12,188		11,300		888			7.9	%	35,690		32,637		3,053			9.4	%
Indirect automobile loans	103		182		(79		)	-43.4	%	365		2,542		(2,177		)	-85.6	%
Residential mortgage loans	5,514		5,437		77			1.4	%	16,705		16,005		700			4.4	%
Other consumer loans	3,707		2,707		1,000			36.9	%	10,024		8,373		1,651			19.7	%
Total interest income — loans and leases	$	57,858	$	52,725	$	5,133		9.7	%	$	167,474	$	157,790	$	9,684		6.1	%

Interest income from loans and leases was $57.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, resulting in a yield on total loans and leases of 4.36%. This compares to $52.7 million of interest on loans and leases and a yield of 4.43% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The year-over-year increase of $5.1 million in interest income from loans and leases was due to an increase of $6.1 million due to increase in origination volume, offset by a decrease of $1.0 million due to changes in rate. Accretion on acquired loans and leases of $0.9 million contributed six basis points to net interest margin during the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $0.8 million and six basis points in the three months ended September 30, 2015.

Interest income from loans and leases was $167.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, resulting in a yield on total loans and leases of 4.32%. This compares to $157.8 million of interest on loans and leases and a yield of 4.42% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The year-over-year increase of $9.7 million in interest income from loans and leases was due to an increase of $14.5 million in increased origination volume, offset by a decrease of $4.7 million for changes in rate. Accretion on acquired loans and leases of $1.3 million contributed three basis points to the net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $2.8 million and seven basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease was primarily due to the continued paydowns of acquired loans and the recognition of related purchase accounting accretion.

Investments



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Dollar		Percent
	2016		2015		Change			Change		2016		2015		Change		Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Interest income — investments:
Debt securities	$	2,822	$	2,866	$	(44	)	-1.5	%	$	8,829	$	8,480	$	349	4.1	%
Marketable and restricted equity securities	804		1,079		(275		)	-25.5	%	2,213		2,094		119		5.7	%
Short-term investments	47		17		30			176.5	%	149		98		51		52.0	%
Total interest income — investments	$	3,673	$	3,962	$	(289	)	-7.3	%	$	11,191	$	10,672	$	519	4.9	%

Total investment income was $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $4.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The yield on investments decreased to 2.14% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 2.30% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The $0.3 million year-over-year decrease in quarterly interest income on investments was primarily driven by lower rates.

Total investment income was $11.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The yield on investments increase to 2.13% for the nine months ended

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September 30, 2016 from 2.02% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The $0.5 million year-over-year increase in quarterly interest income on investments was driven by a $0.6 million increase due to higher rates.

Interest Expense - Deposits and Borrowed Funds



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Dollar		Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent
	2016		2015		Change		Change		2016		2015		Change			Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Interest expense:
Deposits:
NOW accounts	$	52	$	44	$	8	18.2	%	$	156	$	132	$	24		18.2	%
Savings accounts	318		257		61		23.7	%	998		793		205			25.9	%
Money market accounts	1,905		1,664		241		14.5	%	5,547		5,173		374			7.2	%
Certificates of deposit	2,837		2,361		476		20.2	%	8,174		6,828		1,346			19.7	%
Total interest expense - deposits	5,112		4,326		786		18.2	%	14,875		12,926		1,949			15.1	%
Borrowed funds:
Advances from the FHLBB	2,778		2,495		283		11.3	%	8,125		7,414		711			9.6	%
Subordinated debentures and notes	1,259		1,251		8		0.6	%	3,773		3,749		24			0.6	%
Other borrowed funds	32		28		4		14.3	%	82		86		(4		)	-4.7	%
Total interest expense - borrowed funds	4,069		3,774		295		7.8	%	11,980		11,249		731			6.5	%
Total interest expense	$	9,181	$	8,100	$	1,081	13.3	%	$	26,855	$	24,175	$	2,680		11.1	%

Deposits

Interest expense on deposits increased by $0.8 million, or 18.2%, to $5.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The cost of total interest-bearing deposits increased to 0.56% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.51% during the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in interest expense on deposits was driven by a $0.4 million increase in deposit volume and a $0.4 million increase due to deposit rate. Accretion on acquired deposits was $24.0 thousand and $43.0 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively. Accretion did not have an impact on the Company's net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

Interest expense on deposits increased by $1.9 million, or 15.1%, to $14.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $12.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The cost of total interest-bearing deposits increased to 0.55% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 0.51% during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in interest expense on deposits was due to a $0.9 million increase in volume and a $1.1 million increase due to deposit rate. Accretion on acquired deposits was $73.0 thousand and $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively. Accretion did not have an impact on the Company's net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

Borrowed Funds

Interest expense on borrowed funds increased by $0.3 million, or 7.8%, to $4.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The cost of borrowed funds decreased to 1.52% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from 1.61% for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in interest expense was attributable to a $0.4 million increase as a result of higher volume and a $81.0 thousand decrease due to lower borrowing rates. Accretion on acquired borrowed funds of $0.6 million improved the Company’s net

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interest margin by four basis points for the three months ended September 30, 2016. This compared to $0.7 million and five basis points for the three months ended September 30, 2015.

Interest expense on borrowed funds increased by $0.7 million, or 6.5%, to $12.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $11.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The cost of borrowed funds was unchanged at 1.55% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 1.55% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in interest expense was driven by higher volumes. Accretion on acquired borrowed funds of $1.9 million improved the Company’s net interest margin by four basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This compared to $2.1 million and five basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses are set forth below:



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Dollar			Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Dollar			Percent
	2016			2015			Change			Change		2016			2015			Change			Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses:
Commercial real estate	$	(1,755	)	$	1,845		$	(3,600	)	-195.1	%	$	(561	)	$	2,017		$	(2,578	)	-127.8	%
Commercial	3,923			2,009			1,914			95.3	%	7,201			6,670			531			8.0	%
Indirect automobile	(26		)	57			(83		)	-145.6	%	(114		)	(1,667		)	1,553			-93.2	%
Consumer	12			322			(310		)	-96.3	%	565			1,165			(600		)	-51.5	%
Unallocated	—			(2,560		)	2,560			-100.0	%	—			(2,418		)	2,418			-100.0	%
Total provision for loan and lease losses	2,154			1,673			481			28.8	%	7,091			5,767			1,324			23.0	%
Unfunded credit commitments	61			82			(21		)	-25.6	%	47			164			(117		)	-71.3	%
Total provision for credit losses	$	2,215		$	1,755		$	460		26.2	%	$	7,138		$	5,931		$	1,207		20.4	%

The provision for credit losses increased $0.4 million, or 26.2%, to $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in total provision was primarily driven by continued loan growth in the commercial real estate and commercial portfolios and the increase in specific reserves for the taxi medallion portfolio due to changes in the collateral values, offset by the decrease in provision to cover the net charge-off activity for the period.

The provision for credit losses increased $1.2 million, or 20.4%, to $7.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in total provision was primarily driven by continued loan growth in the commercial real estate and commercial portfolios and the increase in provision for the taxi medallion portfolio, offset by the decrease in provision due to risk rating migration and loss factor changes, the elimination of the unallocated reserve in 2015 and the decrease in provision for indirect automobile portfolio as a result of the sale of the majority of the indirect automobile portfolio in the first quarter of 2015.

See management’s discussion of “Financial Condition — Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses” and Note 5, “Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses,” to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for a description of how management determined the allowance for loan and lease losses for each portfolio and class of loans.

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Non-Interest Income

The following table sets forth the components of non-interest income for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Dollar		Percent
	2016		2015		Change			Change		2016		2015		Change		Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Deposit fees	$	2,289	$	2,261	$	28		1.2	%	$	6,650	$	6,522	$	128	2.0	%
Loan fees	330		205		125			61.0	%	977		818		159		19.4	%
Loan level derivative income, net	858		900		(42		)	-4.7	%	3,697		1,841		1,856		100.8	%
Gain on sales of loans and leases held-for-sale	588		446		142			31.8	%	1,986		1,594		392		24.6	%
Other	1,264		972		292			30.0	%	3,893		3,346		547		16.3	%
Total non-interest income	$	5,329	$	4,784	$	545		11.4	%	$	17,203	$	14,121	$	3,082	21.8	%

Total non-interest income increased $0.5 million, or 11.4%, to $5.3 million for three months ended September 30, 2016, from $4.8 million for the same period in 2015. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $0.1 million in loan fees, an increase of $0.1 million in gain on sales of loans and leases held-for-sale, and an increase of $0.3 million in other income.

Total non-interest income increased $3.1 million, or 21.8% to $17.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $14.1 million for the same period in 2015. The increase was primarily driven by an increase of $1.9 million in loan level derivative income, an increase of $0.4 million in gains on sales of loans and leases held-for-sale, and an increase of $0.5 million in other income.

The increase in loan level derivative income in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is driven by the new loan level interest rate swap agreements completed in the period.

Non-Interest Expense

The following table sets forth the components of non-interest expense:



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,				Dollar			Percent
	2016		2015		Change			Change		2016		2015		Change			Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits	$	20,369	$	17,875	$	2,494		14.0	%	$	58,179	$	52,484	$	5,695		10.9	%
Occupancy	3,411		3,535		(124		)	-3.5	%	10,328		10,444		(116		)	-1.1	%
Equipment and data processing	3,826		3,600		226			6.3	%	11,468		11,300		168			1.5	%
Professional services	997		984		13			1.3	%	2,925		3,241		(316		)	-9.8	%
FDIC insurance	956		929		27			2.9	%	2,677		2,627		50			1.9	%
Advertising and marketing	844		878		(34		)	-3.9	%	2,558		2,449		109			4.5	%
Amortization of identified intangible assets	623		725		(102		)	-14.1	%	1,879		2,187		(308		)	-14.1	%
Other	2,362		2,744		(382		)	-13.9	%	7,707		8,316		(609		)	-7.3	%
Total non-interest expense	$	33,388	$	31,270	$	2,118		6.8	%	$	97,721	$	93,048	$	4,673		5.0	%

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Non-interest expense increased $2.1 million, or 6.8%, to $33.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $31.3 million for the same period in 2015. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $2.5 million in compensation and employee benefits expense, and an increase of $0.2 million in equipment and data processing expense, partially offset by a decrease of $0.4 million in other expense.

Non-interest expense increased $4.7 million, or 5.0%, to $97.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $93.0 million for the same period in 2015. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $5.7 million in compensation and employee benefits expense, offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in professional services and a decrease of $0.6 million in other expense.

The efficiency ratio decreased to 57.89% for three months ended September 30, 2016 from 58.59% for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and decreased to 57.82% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from 58.74% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Efforts to drive revenue growth contributed to the improvement in the efficiency ratio in 2016.

Compensation and employee benefits expense increased $2.5 million, or 14.0%, to $20.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $17.9 million for the same period in 2015 and increased $5.7 million, or 10.9%, to $58.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $52.5 million for the same period in 2015, primarily driven by costs associated with a management change, increases in employee headcount and incentive plans, and an increase in Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan expense due to a decrease in the discount rate.

Equipment and data processing expense increased $0.2 million, or 6.3%, to $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $3.6 million for the same period in 2015, primarily driven by an increase related to software licenses and consulting for a data storage software program.

Professional services expense decreased $0.3 million, or 9.8% to $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 for the same period in 2015, primarily due to lower audit and compliance fees incurred in 2016.

Other expense decreased $0.4 million, or 13.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 from $2.7 million for the same period in 2015 and decreased $0.6 million or 7.3%, to $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 from $8.3 million for the same period in 2015, primarily driven by a reduction in loan collection expense and a gain on the sale of a foreclosed property in the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Provision for Income Taxes



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Dollar		Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Dollar		Percent
	2016			2015			Change		Change		2016			2015			Change		Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Income before provision for income taxes	$	22,076		$	20,346		$	1,730	8.5	%	$	64,154		$	59,429		$	4,725	8.0	%
Provision for income taxes	7,804			6,897			907		13.2	%	22,868			21,116			1,752		8.3	%
Net income, before noncontrolling interest in subsidiary	$	14,272		$	13,449		$	823	6.1	%	$	41,286		$	38,313		$	2,973	7.8	%

Effective tax rate	35.4		%	33.9		%	N/A		1.5	%	35.6		%	35.5		%	N/A		0.1	%

The Company recorded income tax expense of $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, representing effective tax rates of 35.4% and 33.9%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate for three months ended September 30, 2016 is primarily attributable to the adoption of ASU 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects, reflected in the 2015 effective tax rate.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Liquidity is defined as the ability to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. The Company further defines liquidity as the ability to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers, as well as to earnings enhancement opportunities, in a changing marketplace. Liquidity management is monitored by an Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), consisting of members of management, which is responsible for establishing and monitoring liquidity targets as well as strategies and tactics to meet these targets.

The primary source of funds for the payment of dividends and expenses by the Company is dividends paid to it by its Banks and Brookline Securities Corp. The primary sources of liquidity for the Banks consist of deposit inflows, loan repayments, borrowed funds and maturing investment securities.

Deposits, which are considered the most stable source of liquidity, totaled $4.6 billion at September 30, 2016, and represented 81.7% of total funding (the sum of total deposits and total borrowings), compared to deposits of $4.3 billion, or 81.4% of total funding, at December 31, 2015. Core deposits, which consist of demand checking, NOW, savings and money market accounts, totaled $3.5 billion at September 30, 2016 and represented 75.8% of total deposits, compared to core deposits of $3.2 billion, or 74.7% of total deposits, at December 31, 2015. Additionally, the Company maintained $247.6 million of brokered deposits at September 30, 2016, which represented 5.4% of total deposits compared to $252.3 million or 5.9% of total deposits at December 31, 2015. The Company offers attractive interest rates based on market conditions to increase deposits balances, while managing cost of funds.

Borrowings are used to diversify the Company’s funding mix and to support asset growth. When profitable lending and investment opportunities exist, access to borrowings provides a means to fund the balance sheet. Borrowings totaled $1.0 billion at September 30, 2016, representing 18.3% of total funding, compared to $983.0 million, or 18.6% of total funding, at December 31, 2015.

As members of the FHLBB, the Banks have access to both short- and long-term borrowings. As of September 30, 2016, the Company's total borrowing limit from the FHLBB for advances and repurchase agreements was $1.4 billion as compared to $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2015, based on the level of qualifying collateral available for these borrowings.

As of September 30, 2016, the Banks also had access to funding through certain uncommitted lines of credit of $119.0 million. The Company had a $12.0 million committed line of credit for contingent liquidity as of September 30, 2016.

The Company has access to the Federal Reserve Bank "discount window" to supplement its liquidity. The Company had $75.6 million of borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank as of September 30, 2016. As of September 30, 2016, the Company did not have any outstanding borrowings with the Federal Reserve Bank.

Additionally, the Banks have access to liquidity through repurchase agreements and brokered deposits.

In general, the Company seeks to maintain a high degree of liquidity and targets cash, cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale with balances between 10% and 30% of total assets. At September 30, 2016, cash, cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale totaled $588.8 million, or 9% of total assets. This compares to $588.7 million, or 10% of total assets, at December 31, 2015.

While management believes that the Company has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments and to fund the Banks’ lending and investment activities, the availability of these funding sources is subject to broad economic conditions and could be restricted in the future. Such restrictions would impact the Company’s immediate liquidity and/or additional liquidity needs.

Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments

The Company is party to off-balance-sheet financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include loan commitments, standby and commercial letters of credit and interest-rate swaps. According to GAAP, these financial instruments are not recorded in the financial statements until they are funded or related fees are incurred or received.

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is represented by the contractual amount of the instruments. The Company uses the same policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

Financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk at the dates indicated follow:



	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015
	(In Thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to originate loans and leases:
Commercial real estate	$	68,304	$	36,000
Commercial	74,655		78,017
Residential mortgage	5,019		19,430
Unadvanced portion of loans and leases	585,295		648,291
Unused lines of credit:
Home equity	328,116		280,786
Other consumer	14,476		12,383
Other commercial	188		529
Unused letters of credit:
Financial standby letters of credit	10,978		12,389
Performance standby letters of credit	472		392
Commercial and similar letters of credit	1,717		821
Back-to-back interest-rate swaps (notional amount)	747,233		490,632

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Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2016, the Company and the Banks are each under the primary regulation of, and must comply with, the capital requirements of the FRB. As of September 30, 2016, the Company and the Banks exceeded all regulatory capital requirements and were considered “well-capitalized” under prompt corrective action regulations, as amended to reflect the changes under Basel III Capital Rules. The following table presents actual and required capital ratios as of September 30, 2016 for the Company and the Banks under the Basel III Capital Rules based on the phase-in provision of the Basel III Capital Rules and the minimum required capital levels as of January 1, 2019 when the Basel III Capital Rules have been fully phased in.



		Actual				Minimum Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes				Minimum Required for Fully Phased in Capital Adequacy Purposes plus Capital Conservation Buffer				Minimum Required To Be Considered “Well-Capitalized” Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
		(Dollars in Thousands)
At September 30, 2016:

Brookline Bancorp, Inc.
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	566,906	9.13	%	$	248,371	4.00	%	$	248,371	4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	551,427		10.51	%	236,101		4.50	%	367,268		7.00	%	N/A		N/A
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	566,906		10.81	%	314,656		6.00	%	445,763		8.50	%	N/A		N/A
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	700,833		13.36	%	419,660		8.00	%	550,804		10.50	%	N/A		N/A

Brookline Bank
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	388,033	10.04	%	$	154,595	4.00	%	$	154,595	4.00	%	$	193,244	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	381,487		11.43	%	150,192		4.50	%	233,632		7.00	%	216,944		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	388,033		11.63	%	200,189		6.00	%	283,601		8.50	%	266,919		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	427,777		12.82	%	266,944		8.00	%	350,363		10.50	%	333,679		10.00	%

BankRI
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	178,526	8.88	%	$	80,417	4.00	%	$	80,417	4.00	%	$	100,521	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	178,526		10.89	%	73,771		4.50	%	114,755		7.00	%	106,558		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	178,526		10.89	%	98,361		6.00	%	139,345		8.50	%	131,149		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	195,176		11.90	%	131,211		8.00	%	172,214		10.50	%	164,013		10.00	%

First Ipswich
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	33,330	9.15	%	$	14,570	4.00	%	$	14,570	4.00	%	$	18,213	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	33,330		13.00	%	11,537		4.50	%	17,947		7.00	%	16,665		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	33,330		13.00	%	15,383		6.00	%	21,793		8.50	%	20,511		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	36,547		14.25	%	20,518		8.00	%	26,929		10.50	%	25,647		10.00	%


1.	Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 Capital by average assets.


2.	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing common equity Tier 1 Capital by risk-weighted assets. The ratio was established as part of the implementation of Basel III, effective January 1, 2015.


3.	Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 Capital by risk-weighted assets.


4.	Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Total Capital by risk-weighted assets.

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The following table presents actual and required capital ratios as of December 31, 2015 for the Company and the Banks under the regulatory capital rules then in effect.



		Actual				Minimum Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes				Minimum Required To Be Considered “Well-Capitalized” Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
		(Dollars in Thousands)
At December 31, 2015:

Brookline Bancorp, Inc.
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	545,035	9.37	%	$	231,930	4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	530,505		10.62	%	225,214		4.50	%	N/A		N/A
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	545,035		10.91	%	300,019		6.00	%	N/A		N/A
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	676,709		13.54	%	401,013		8.00	%	N/A		N/A

Brookline Bank
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	380,003	10.78	%	$	141,003	4.00	%	$	176,254	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	374,002		11.89	%	141,548		4.50	%	204,459		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	380,003		12.08	%	188,743		6.00	%	251,658		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	417,270		13.27	%	251,557		8.00	%	314,446		10.00	%

BankRI
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	171,967	8.51	%	$	80,831	4.00	%	$	101,038	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	171,967		10.63	%	72,799		4.50	%	105,154		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	171,967		10.63	%	97,065		6.00	%	129,420		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	189,953		11.74	%	129,440		8.00	%	161,800		10.00	%

First Ipswich
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio	(1)	$	32,831	9.26	%	$	14,182	4.00	%	$	17,727	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	(2)	32,831		13.87	%	10,652		4.50	%	15,386		6.50	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(3)	32,831		13.87	%	14,202		6.00	%	18,936		8.00	%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	(4)	35,617		15.05	%	18,933		8.00	%	23,666		10.00	%


1.	Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 Capital by average assets.


2.	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing common equity Tier 1 Capital by risk-weighted assets. The ratio was established as part of the implementation of Basel III, effective January 1, 2015.


3.	Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 Capital by risk-weighted assets.


4.	Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio is calculated by dividing Total Capital by risk-weighted assets.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk that the market value or estimated fair value of the Company’s assets, liabilities and derivative financial instruments will decline as a result of changes in interest rates or financial market volatility, or that the Company’s net income will be significantly reduced by interest-rate changes.

Interest-Rate Risk

The principal market risk facing the Company is interest-rate risk, which can come in a variety of forms, including repricing risk, yield-curve risk, basis risk, and prepayment risk. Repricing risk exists when the change in the average yield of either interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities is more sensitive than the other to changes in market interest rates. Such a change in sensitivity could reflect a number of possible mismatches in the repricing opportunities of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Yield-curve risk reflects the possibility that the changes in the shape of the yield curve could have different effects on the Company’s assets and liabilities. Basis risk exists when different parts of the balance sheet are subject to varying base rates reflecting the possibility that the spread from those base rates will deviate. Prepayment risk is associated with financial instruments with an option to prepay before the stated maturity, often a disadvantage to the person selling the option; this risk is most often associated with the prepayment of loans, callable investments and callable borrowings.

Asset/Liability Management

Market risk and interest-rate risk management are governed by the Company’s Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”). The ALCO establishes exposure limits that define the Company’s tolerance for interest-rate risk. The ALCO and the Company's Treasury Group measure and manage the composition of the balance sheet over a range of possible changes in interest rates while remaining responsive to market demand for loan and deposit products. The ALCO monitors current exposures versus limits and reports those results to the Board of Directors. The policy limits and guidelines serve as benchmarks for measuring interest-rate risk and for providing a framework for evaluation and interest-rate risk-management decision-making. The Company measures its interest-rate risk by using an asset/liability simulation model. The model considers several factors to determine the Company’s potential exposure to interest-rate risk, including measurement of repricing gaps, duration, convexity, value-at-risk, market value of portfolio equity under assumed changes in the level of interest rates, the shape of yield curves, and general market volatility.

Management controls the Company’s interest-rate exposure using several strategies, which include adjusting the maturities of securities in the Company’s investment portfolio, limiting or expanding the terms of loans originated, limiting fixed-rate deposits with terms of more than five years, and adjusting maturities of FHLBB advances. The Company limits this risk by restricting the types of MBSs it invests in to those with limited average life changes under certain interest-rate-shock scenarios, or securities with embedded prepayment penalties. The Company also places limits on holdings of fixed-rate mortgage loans with maturities greater than five years. The Company also may use derivative instruments, principally interest-rate swaps, to manage its interest-rate risk; however, the Company had no derivative fair value hedges or derivative cash flows at September 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015. See Note 10, “Derivatives and Hedging Activities,” to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Measuring Interest-Rate Risk

As noted above, interest-rate risk can be measured by analyzing the extent to which the repricing of assets and liabilities are mismatched to create an interest-rate sensitivity gap. An asset or liability is said to be interest-rate sensitive within a specific period if it will mature or reprice within that period. The interest-rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within a specific time period and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within that same time period. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest-rate-sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-rate-sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-rate-sensitive liabilities exceeds the amount of interest-rate-sensitive assets. During a period of falling interest rates, therefore, a positive gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income. Conversely, during a period of rising interest rates, a positive gap position would tend to result in an increase in net interest income.

The Company's interest-rate risk position is measured using both income simulation and interest-rate sensitivity "gap" analysis. Income simulation is the primary tool for measuring the interest-rate risk inherent in the Company’s balance sheet at a given point in time by showing the effect on net interest income, over a twelve-month period, of a variety of interest-rate shocks. These simulations take into account repricing, maturity, and prepayment characteristics of individual products. The

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ALCO reviews simulation results to determine whether the exposure resulting from changes in market interest rates remains within established tolerance levels over a twelve-month horizon, and develops appropriate strategies to manage this exposure. The Company’s interest-rate risk analysis remains modestly asset-sensitive at September 30, 2016.

As of September 30, 2016, net interest income simulation indicated that the Company’s exposure to changing interest rates was within policy limits. The ALCO reviews the methodology utilized for calculating interest-rate risk exposure and may periodically adopt modifications to this methodology. The following table presents the estimated impact of interest-rate changes on the Company’s estimated net interest income over the twelve-month periods indicated:



	Estimated Exposure to Net Interest Income over Twelve-Month Horizon Beginning
	September 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
Gradual Change in Interest Rate Levels	Dollar Change		Percent Change		Dollar Change		Percent Change
	(Dollars in Thousands)
Up 300 basis points	6,279		3.1	%	11,616		5.9	%
Up 200 basis points	4,603		2.1	%	8,144		4.2	%
Up 100 basis points	2,177		1.1	%	4,246		2.2	%
Down 100 basis points	(4,307	)	-2.1	%	(8,852	)	-4.5	%

The estimated impact of a 300 basis points increase in market interest rates on the Company's estimated net interest income over a twelve-month horizon was a positive 3.1% at September 30, 2016, compared to a positive 5.9% at December 31, 2015. The decrease in asset sensitivity was primarily due to incremental balance sheet growth funded with short term wholesale funding.

The Company also uses interest-rate sensitivity “gap” analysis to provide a more general overview of its interest-rate risk profile. The interest-rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing

liabilities maturing or repricing within a given time period. At September 30, 2016, the Company’s one-year cumulative gap was a negative $343.1 million, or 5.8% of total interest-earning assets, compared with a negative $214.1 million, or 3.8% of total interest-earning assets, at December 31, 2015.

The assumptions used in the Company's interest-rate sensitivity simulation discussed above are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the simulations cannot precisely measure net interest income or precisely predict the impact of changes in interest rates. For additional discussion on interest-rate risk see Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” of the Company’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Economic Value of Equity ("EVE") at Risk Simulation is conducted in tandem with net interest income simulations, to ascertain a longer term view of the Company’s interest-rate risk position by capturing longer-term repricing risk and options risk embedded in the balance sheet. It measures the sensitivity of the economic value of equity to changes in interest rates. The EVE at Risk Simulation values only the current balance sheet and does not incorporate growth assumptions. As with the net interest income simulation, this simulation captures product characteristics such as loan resets, repricing terms, maturity dates, and rate caps and floors. Key assumptions include loan prepayment speeds, deposit pricing elasticity and non-maturity deposit attrition rates. These assumptions can have significant impacts on valuation results as the assumptions remain in effect for the entire life of each asset and liability. The Company conducts non-maturity deposit behavior studies on a periodic basis to support deposit assumptions used in the valuation process. All key assumptions are subject to a periodic review.

EVE at Risk Simulation is calculated by estimating the net present value of all future cash flows from existing assets and liabilities using current interest rates as well as parallel shocks to the current interest-rate environment. The following table sets forth the estimated percentage change in the Company’s EVE at Risk Simulation, assuming various shifts in interest rates. Given the interest rate environment at September 30, 2016, simulations for interest rate declines of more than 100 basis points were not deemed to be meaningful.

Table of Contents



	Estimated Percent Change in EVE at Risk
Parallel Shock in Interest Rate Levels	At September 30, 2016		At December 31, 2015

Up 300%	7.2	%	7.1	%
Up 200%	4.2	%	4.2	%
Up 100%	2.2	%	2.0	%
Down 100%	-4.4	%	-7.7	%

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer considered that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the quarterly evaluation that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter that has materially and detrimentally affected, or is reasonably likely to materially and detrimentally affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a -15(f). The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to its management and the Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting as of December 31, 2015 and the related Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm thereon appear on pages F-1 and F-2 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

There are no material pending legal proceedings other than those that arise in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, after consulting with legal counsel, the consolidated financial position and results of operations of the Company are not expected to be affected materially by the outcome of such proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

a) Not applicable.

b) Not applicable.

c) None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

a) None.

b) None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits



Exhibit 31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.1**		Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 32.2**		Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 101		The following materials from Brookline Bancorp, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (1) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015; (2) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015; (3) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015; (4) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015; (5) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015; and (6) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements at and for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.



*		Filed herewith.
**		Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	BROOKLINE BANCORP, INC.


Date: November 4, 2016	By:	/s/ Paul A. Perrault
		Paul A. Perrault
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 4, 2016	By:	/s/ Carl M. Carlson
		Carl M. Carlson
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)