lsbk-20220331x10q

United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File No.: 000-51821


LAKE SHORE BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
United States			20-4729288
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
31 East Fourth Street, Dunkirk, New York			14048
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip code)
(716) 366-4070
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share

LSBK

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [X]No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes [X]No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ¨	Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer x	Smaller reporting company x
Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes [ ] No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date:

There were 5,713,470 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding at May 10, 2022.


		TABLE OF CONTENTS

ITEM		PART I	PAGE

1	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
	-	Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021	1
	-	Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	2
	-	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	3
	-	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	4
	-	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)	5
	-	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	6
2	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS		29
3	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK		40
4	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES		40

		PART II

1A	RISK FACTORS		40
2	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS		41
6	EXHIBITS		41
SIGNATURES			42

PART I Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary


Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(Unaudited)
	(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	12,753	$	37,533
Interest earning deposits		18,013		30,052
Cash and Cash Equivalents		30,766		67,585
Securities		84,560		88,816
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost		1,606		1,606
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses 2022 $6,500; 2021 $6,118		550,286		517,206
Premises and equipment, net		8,642		8,736
Accrued interest receivable		2,431		2,483
Bank owned life insurance		22,975		22,877
Other assets		6,186		4,430
Total Assets	$	707,452	$	713,739
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities
Deposits:
Interest bearing	$	483,860	$	482,508
Non-interest bearing		108,960		110,676
Total Deposits		592,820		593,184
Long-term debt		21,950		21,950
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance		2,353		3,198
Other liabilities		7,666		7,431
Total Liabilities		624,789		625,763
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 6,836,514 shares issued and 5,719,542 shares outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 6,836,514 shares issued and 5,692,410 shares outstanding at December 31, 2021		68		68
Additional paid-in capital		31,374		31,350
Treasury stock, at cost (1,116,972 shares at March 31, 2022 and 1,144,104 shares at December 31, 2021)		(13,405)		(13,660)
Unearned shares held by ESOP		(1,172)		(1,194)
Unearned shares held by compensation plans		(386)		(157)
Retained earnings		71,340		70,591
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(5,156)		978
Total Stockholders' Equity		82,663		87,976
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	707,452	$	713,739

See notes to consolidated financial statements.


Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statements of Income
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Unaudited)
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest Income
Loans, including fees	$	5,420	$	5,577
Investment securities, taxable		189		181
Investment securities, tax-exempt		310		293
Other		15		6
Total Interest Income		5,934		6,057
Interest Expense
Deposits		347		627
Long-term debt		104		143
Other		15		17
Total Interest Expense		466		787
Net Interest Income		5,468		5,270
Provision for Loan Losses		400		150
Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan Losses		5,068		5,120
Non-Interest Income
Service charges and fees		242		230
Debit card fees		200		202
Earnings on bank owned life insurance		98		105
Unrealized loss on equity securities		(1)		(6)
Unrealized gain on interest rate swap		183		86
Recovery on previously impaired investment securities		6		21
Net (loss) gain on sale of loans		(12)		157
Other		16		25
Total Non-Interest Income		732		820
Non-Interest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits		2,407		2,101
Occupancy and equipment		757		681
Data processing		315		359
Professional services		299		269
Advertising		136		133
Postage and supplies		54		64
FDIC insurance		45		44
Other		519		302
Total Non-Interest Expense		4,532		3,953
Income before Income Taxes		1,268		1,987
Income Tax Expense		207		299
Net Income	$	1,061	$	1,688
Basic and diluted earnings per common share	$	0.18	$	0.29
Dividends declared per share	$	0.16	$	0.13

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

‎

Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Unaudited)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Net Income	$	1,061	$	1,688
Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax benefit:
Unrealized holding losses on securities, net of tax benefit		(6,129)		(786)
Reclassification adjustments related to:
Recovery on previously impaired investment securities included in net income, net of tax expense		(5)		(17)
Total Other Comprehensive Loss		(6,134)		(803)
Total Comprehensive (Loss) Income	$	(5,073)	$	885

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

‎

Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)


							Unearned		Unearned Shares				Accumulated
			Additional				Shares		Held by				Other
	Common		Paid-In		Treasury		Held by		Compensation		Retained		Comprehensive
	Stock		Capital		Stock		ESOP		Plans		Earnings		Income		Total
	(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Balance - January 1, 2021	$	68	$	31,201	$	(11,584)	$	(1,279)	$	(118)	$	65,488	$	2,148	$	85,924
Net income		-		-		-		-		-		1,688		-		1,688
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit of $213		-		-		-		-		-		-		(803)		(803)
ESOP shares earned (1,984 shares)		-		8		-		21		-		-		-		29
Stock based compensation		-		11		-		-		-		-		-		11
Compensation plan shares granted (20,958 shares)		-		-		196		-		(196)		-		-		-
Compensation plan shares forfeited (1,392 shares)		-		-		(13)		-		13		-		-		-
Compensation plan shares earned (2,057 shares)		-		10		-		-		21		-		-		31
Purchase of treasury stock, at cost (43,834 shares)		-		-		(652)		-		-		-		-		(652)
Cash dividends declared ($0.13 per share)		-		-		-		-		-		(268)		-		(268)
Balance - March 31, 2021	$	68	$	31,230	$	(12,053)	$	(1,258)	$	(280)	$	66,908	$	1,345	$	85,960

							Unearned		Unearned Shares				Accumulated
			Additional				Shares		Held by				Other
	Common		Paid-In		Treasury		Held by		Compensation		Retained		Comprehensive
	Stock		Capital		Stock		ESOP		Plans		Earnings		(Loss) Income		Total
	(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance - January 1, 2022	$	68	$	31,350	$	(13,660)	$	(1,194)	$	(157)	$	70,591	$	978	$	87,976
Net income		-		-		-		-		-		1,061		-		1,061
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit of $1,630		-		-		-		-		-		-		(6,134)		(6,134)
ESOP shares earned (1,984 shares)		-		8		-		22		-		-		-		30
Compensation plan shares granted (27,132 shares)		-		-		255		-		(255)		-		-		-
Compensation plan shares earned (2,749 shares)		-		16		-		-		26		-		-		42
Cash dividends declared ($0.16 per share)		-		-		-		-		-		(312)		-		(312)
Balance - March 31, 2022	$	68	$	31,374	$	(13,405)	$	(1,172)	$	(386)	$	71,340	$	(5,156)	$	82,663

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Unaudited)
	(Dollars in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	1,061	$	1,688
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of investment securities		35		42
Net amortization of deferred loan costs		90		72
Provision for loan losses		400		150
Recovery on previously impaired investment securities		(6)		(21)
Unrealized loss on equity securities		1		6
Unrealized gain on interest rate swap		(183)		(86)
Originations of loans held for sale		(1,002)		(3,334)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale		990		3,491
Loss (gain) on sale of loans held for sale		12		(157)
Depreciation and amortization		231		215
Increase in bank owned life insurance, net		(98)		(105)
ESOP shares committed to be released		30		29
Stock based compensation expense		42		42
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable		52		(38)
Decrease in other assets		76		126
Writedowns of foreclosed real estate		1		7
Decrease in other liabilities		(320)		(614)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities		1,412		1,513
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Activity in debt securities:
Maturities, prepayments and calls		2,603		5,331
Purchases		(5,526)		(2,471)
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock		-		(2)
Redemptions of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock		-		70
Loan origination and principal collections, net		(33,686)		(14,263)
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed real estate		36		-
Additions to premises and equipment		(137)		(223)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities		(36,710)		(11,558)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net (decrease) increase in deposits		(364)		22,301
Net decrease in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance		(845)		(851)
Repayment of long-term debt		-		(1,500)
Purchase of treasury stock		-		(652)
Cash dividends paid		(312)		(268)
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities		(1,521)		19,030
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(36,819)		8,985
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING		67,585		42,975
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - ENDING	$	30,766	$	51,960
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOWS INFORMATION
Interest paid	$	468	$	790
Income taxes paid	$	-	$	-
SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Foreclosed real estate acquired in settlement of loans	$	116	$	-
Securities purchased and not settled	$	615	$	-

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”, “us”, “our”, or “we”) and Lake Shore Savings Bank (the “Bank”), its wholly owned subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions of the consolidated subsidiary have been eliminated in consolidation.

The interim consolidated financial statements included herein as of March 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and therefore, do not include all information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of the consolidated statements of financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The consolidated statement of financial condition at December 31, 2021 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of such information and to make the financial statements not misleading. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. The consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results for any subsequent period or the entire year ending December 31, 2022.

To prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management of the Company made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the reporting of revenue and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, securities valuation estimates, evaluation of impairment of securities, income taxes and deferred compensation liabilities.

The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the statement of financial condition as of March 31, 2022 for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements. The evaluation was conducted through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued.

Note 2 – New Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards to be Adopted

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires credit losses on most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments to be measured using an expected credit loss model (referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model). Under the CECL model entities will estimate credit losses over the entire contractual term of the instrument (considering estimated prepayments, but not expected extensions or modifications unless reasonable expectation of a troubled debt restructuring exists) from the date of initial recognition of that instrument. Further, ASU 2016-13 made certain targeted amendments to the existing impairment standards for available for sale (“AFS”) debt securities. For an AFS debt security for which there is neither the intent nor a more-likely-than-not requirement to sell, an entity will record credit losses as an allowance rather than a write-down of the amortized cost basis. An entity will apply the amendments in ASU 2016-13 through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective.

The Company has determined its data requirements and is developing its methodologies for calculating the expected credit losses under ASU 2016-13 which has allowed the Company to run parallel loss reserve calculations. Data integrity associated with these methodologies is being reviewed and enhancements to the current process are being considered. We expect that the new guidance will result in an increase to the allowance for loan losses given that the allowance will be required to cover the full remaining expected life of the portfolio, rather than the incurred loss under the current accounting standard. The extent of this increase is still being evaluated. We are also reviewing the impact of additional disclosures required under ASU 2016-13 on our ongoing financial reporting procedures.

The Company is required to adopt this guidance on January 1, 2023.

In March 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”). The final standard affects all entities after adoption of ASU 2016-13, mentioned above. ASU 2022-02 eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, while enhancing the disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The FASB’s decision to eliminate the TDR accounting model is in response to feedback that the CECL model already incorporates credit losses from loans modified as TDRs, and consequently, the related accounting and disclosures no longer provide the same level of benefit to users. In lieu of the TDR accounting model, creditors will apply the general loan modification guidance in Subtopic 310-20 to all loan modifications, including modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The ASU also requires public business entities to expand the vintage disclosures to include gross charge-off by year of origination. The Company currently qualifies as a smaller reporting company and, as such, will be required to implement CECL and ASU 2022-02 for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 – COVID-19

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization recognized an outbreak of a novel strain of the coronavirus, COVID-19, as a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the economy, including lower interest rates, and resulted in the enactment of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”).

As reported during prior periods, at the onset of the pandemic the Bank became a participating lender in the Small Business Administration’s (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) to assist small businesses in our market areas that were impacted by the pandemic. The majority of the PPP loans that we originated as of December 31, 2021 had been forgiven by the SBA. As of March 31, 2022, four PPP loans totaling $1.7 million remained outstanding and total net fees of $29,000 remain unrecognized.

The Company continues to evaluate the disruption caused by the pandemic and the impact of the federal and state regulations that have been enacted due to the pandemic, as these events may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s future results, operations, financial position, capital and liquidity. At this time the Company cannot quantify the potential impact of the pandemic on future operations.

Note 4 – Investment Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of securities are as follows:


	March 31, 2022
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
		(Dollars in thousands)
SECURITIES
Debt Securities Available for Sale
U.S. government agencies	$	2,009	$	48	$	-	$	2,057
Municipal bonds		51,819		221		(4,857)		47,183
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations-private label		13		-		-		13
Collateralized mortgage obligations-government sponsored entities		16,040		40		(704)		15,376
Government National Mortgage Association		70		3		-		73
Federal National Mortgage Association		14,287		26		(899)		13,414
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		6,824		21		(531)		6,314
Asset-backed securities-private label		-		106		-		106
Asset-backed securities-government sponsored entities		6		-		-		6
Total Debt Securities Available for Sale	$	91,068	$	465	$	(6,991)	$	84,542
Equity Securities		22		-		(4)		18
Total Securities	$	91,090	$	465	$	(6,995)	$	84,560


	December 31, 2021
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
		(Dollars in thousands)
SECURITIES
Debt Securities Available for Sale
U.S. government agencies	$	2,009	$	204	$	-	$	2,213
Municipal bonds		49,812		1,085		(141)		50,756
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations-private label		14		1		-		15
Collateralized mortgage obligations-government sponsored entities		17,798		209		(193)		17,814
Government National Mortgage Association		76		7		-		83
Federal National Mortgage Association		10,773		53		(66)		10,760
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		7,068		87		(119)		7,036
Asset-backed securities-private label		-		110		-		110
Asset-backed securities-government sponsored entities		9		1		-		10
Total Debt Securities Available for Sale	$	87,559	$	1,757	$	(519)	$	88,797
Equity Securities		22		-		(3)		19
Total Securities	$	87,581	$	1,757	$	(522)	$	88,816

Debt Securities

All of our collateralized mortgage obligations are backed by one- to four-family residential mortgages.

At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, twenty-nine municipal bonds with a cost of $10.6 million and fair value of $9.9 million and $11.0 million, respectively, were pledged under a collateral agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) of New York for liquidity borrowing. In addition, at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, twenty municipal bonds with a cost of $6.0 million and fair value of $5.7 million and $6.2 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral for customer deposits in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits.

The following table sets forth the Company’s investment in securities with gross unrealized losses of less than twelve months and gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more and associated fair values as of the dates indicated:


	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
			Gross				Gross				Gross
			Unrealized				Unrealized				Unrealized
	Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022
Municipal bonds	$	27,306		(4,436)	$	2,642	$	(421)	$	29,948	$	(4,857)
Mortgage-backed securities		24,046		(1,636)		4,069		(498)		28,115		(2,134)
	$	51,352	$	(6,072)	$	6,711	$	(919)	$	58,063	$	(6,991)


December 31, 2021
Municipal bonds	$	9,601		(120)	$	857	$	(21)	$	10,458	$	(141)
Mortgage-backed securities		21,141		(211)		3,083		(167)		24,224		(378)
	$	30,742	$	(331)	$	3,940	$	(188)	$	34,682	$	(519)

The Company reviews all investment securities on an ongoing basis for the presence of other-than-temporary-impairment (“OTTI”) with formal reviews performed quarterly.

At March 31, 2022, the Company’s investment portfolio included 139 securities in the “unrealized losses less than twelve months” category and 10 securities in the “unrealized losses twelve months or more” category. Management has the intent and ability to hold these securities until maturity. Management believes the temporary impairments were due to declines in fair value resulting from changes in interest rates and/or increased credit liquidity spreads since the securities were purchased. The unrealized losses on debt securities shown in the previous tables were recorded as a component of other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit on the Company’s consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity.

The following table presents a summary of the credit-related OTTI charges recognized as components of income:


	For The Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	162	$	221
Additions:
Credit loss not previously recognized		-		-
Reductions:
Losses realized during the period on OTTI previously recognized		-		-
Receipt of cash flows on previously recorded OTTI		(6)		(21)
Ending balance	$	156	$	200

A deterioration in credit quality and/or other factors that may limit the liquidity of a security in our portfolio might adversely affect the fair values of the Company’s investment portfolio and may increase the potential that certain unrealized losses will be designated as “other-than-temporary” and that the Company may incur additional write-downs in future periods.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not sell any debt securities.

Scheduled contractual maturities of debt securities are as follows:


	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022:
Less than one year	$	-	$	-
After one year through five years		4,211		4,164
After five years through ten years		11,627		11,249
After ten years		37,990		33,827
Mortgage-backed securities		37,234		35,190
Asset-backed securities		6		112
	$	91,068	$	84,542

Equity Securities

At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, equity securities consisted of 22,368 shares of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized an unrealized loss of $1,000 and $6,000, respectively, on the equity securities, which was recorded in non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income. There were no sales of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Note 5 - Allowance for Loan Losses

Management segregates the loan portfolio into loan types and analyzes the risk level for each loan type when determining its allowance for loan losses. The loan types are as follows:

Real Estate Loans:

One- to Four-Family – are loans secured by first lien collateral on residential real estate primarily held in the Western New York region. These loans can be affected by economic conditions and the value of underlying properties. Western New York’s housing market has consistently demonstrated stability in home prices despite economic conditions. Furthermore, the Company has conservative underwriting standards and its residential lending policies and procedures ensure that its one- to four-family residential mortgage loans generally conform to secondary market guidelines.

Home Equity - are loans or lines of credit secured by first or second liens on owner-occupied residential real estate primarily held in the Western New York region. These loans can also be affected by economic conditions and the values of underlying properties. Home equity loans may have increased risk of loss if the Company does not hold the first mortgage resulting in the Company being in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation. The Company does not originate interest only home equity loans.

Commercial Real Estate – are loans used to finance the purchase of real property, which generally consists of developed real estate that is held as first lien collateral for the loan. These loans are secured by real estate properties that are primarily held in the Western New York region. Commercial real estate lending involves additional risks compared with one- to four-family residential lending, because payments on loans secured by commercial real estate properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, and/or the collateral value of the commercial real estate securing the loan, and repayment of such loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or economic conditions to a greater extent than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. Also, commercial real estate loans typically involve relatively large loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related borrowers.

Construction – are loans to finance the construction of either one- to four-family owner occupied homes or commercial real estate. At the end of the construction period, the loan automatically converts to either a one- to four-family or commercial mortgage, as applicable. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the value of the property at completion

compared to the actual cost of construction. The Company limits its risk during construction as disbursements are not made until the required work for each advance has been completed and an updated lien search is performed. The completion of the construction progress is verified by a Company loan officer or inspections performed by an independent appraisal firm. Construction loans also expose us to the risk of construction delays which may impair the borrower’s ability to repay the loan.

Other Loans:

Commercial – includes business installment loans, lines of credit and other commercial loans. Most of our commercial loans have fixed interest rates, and are for terms generally not in excess of 5 years. Whenever possible, we collateralize these loans with a lien on business assets and equipment and require the personal guarantees from principals of the borrower. Commercial loans generally involve a higher degree of credit risk, as commercial loans can involve relatively large loan balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers, with the repayment of such loans typically dependent on the successful operation of the commercial business and the income stream of the borrower. Such risks can be significantly affected by economic conditions. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default may be an insufficient source of repayment because the equipment or other business assets may be obsolete or of limited use, among other things. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial loan depends primarily on the credit worthiness of the borrowers (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is a secondary and often insufficient source of repayment.

Consumer – consist of loans secured by collateral such as an automobile or a deposit account, unsecured loans and lines of credit. Consumer loans tend to have a higher credit risk due to the loans being either unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciable assets. Furthermore, consumer loan payments are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and therefore are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy.

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation account that reflects the Company’s evaluation of the losses inherent in its loan portfolio. In order to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, the Company estimates losses by loan type using historical loss factors, as well as other environmental factors, such as trends in loan volume and loan type, loan concentrations, changes in the experience, ability and depth of the Company’s lending management, and national and local economic conditions. The Company's determination as to the classification of loans and the amount of loss allowances are subject to review by bank regulators, which can require the establishment of additional loss allowances.

The Company also reviews all loans on which the collectability of principal may not be reasonably assured, by reviewing payment status, financial conditions and estimated value of loan collateral. These loans are assigned an internal loan grade, and the Company assigns an amount of loss allowances to these classified loans based on loan grade.

Although the allocations noted below are by loan type, the allowance for loan losses is general in nature and is available to offset losses from any loan in the Company’s portfolio. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for existing specific and general losses in the portfolio.

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 and the distribution of the allowance for loan losses and loans receivable by loan portfolio class and impairment method as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	Real Estate Loans								Other Loans
	One- to Four-Family⁽²⁾		Home Equity		Commercial		Construction - Commercial		Commercial		Consumer		Unallocated		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance – January 1, 2022	$	383	$	211	$	4,377	$	360	$	531	$	32	$	224	$	6,118
Charge-offs		-		-		-		-		-		(20)		-		(20)
Recoveries		-		1		-		-		-		1		-		2
Provision (credit)		(1)		59		560		60		(88)		15		(205)		400
Balance – March 31, 2022	$	382	$	271	$	4,937	$	420	$	443	$	28	$	19	$	6,500
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	382	$	271	$	4,937	$	420	$	443	$	28	$	19	$	6,500

Gross Loans Receivable ⁽¹⁾:
Ending balance	$	160,052	$	48,410	$	297,004	$	25,462	$	20,993	$	1,309	$	-	$	553,230
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	257	$	23	$	6,946	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	7,226
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	159,795	$	48,387	$	290,058	$	25,462	$	20,993	$	1,309	$	-	$	546,004

⁽¹⁾ Gross Loans Receivable does not include allowance for loan losses of $(6,500) or deferred loan costs of $3,556.

⁽²⁾ Includes one- to four-family construction loans.


	Real Estate Loans								Other Loans
	One- to Four-Family⁽¹⁾		Home Equity		Commercial		Construction - Commercial		Commercial		Consumer		Unallocated		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2021
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance – January 1, 2021	$	346	$	172	$	4,052	$	434	$	676	$	27	$	150	$	5,857
Charge-offs		-		-		-		-		-		(6)		-		(6)
Recoveries		-		-		1		-		-		2		-		3
Provision (credit)		29		48		105		43		(89)		1		13		150
Balance – March 31, 2021	$	375	$	220	$	4,158	$	477	$	587	$	24	$	163	$	6,004

⁽¹⁾ Includes one– to four-family construction loans.



	Real Estate Loans									Other Loans
	One- to Four-Family⁽²⁾		Home Equity		Commercial		Construction - Commercial		Commercial		Consumer		Unallocated		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2021
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance – December 31, 2021	$	383	$	211	$	4,377	$	360	$	531	$	32	$	224	$	6,118
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	383	$	211	$	4,377	$	360	$	531	$	32	$	224	$	6,118

Gross Loans Receivable ⁽¹⁾:
Ending Balance	$	158,826	$	48,071	$	266,525	$	21,824	$	23,216	$	1,317	$	-	$	519,779
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	261	$	24	$	7,002	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	7,287
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	158,565	$	48,047	$	259,523	$	21,824	$	23,216	$	1,317	$	-	$	512,492

⁽¹⁾ Gross Loans Receivable does not include allowance for loan losses of $(6,118) or deferred loan costs of $3,545.

⁽²⁾ Includes one- to four-family construction loans.

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled payments when due. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial real estate loans and commercial loans. Larger groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately

identify individual consumer, home equity, or one- to four-family loans for impairment disclosure, unless they are subject to a troubled debt restructuring.

The following is a summary of information pertaining to impaired loans at or for the periods indicated:


			Unpaid				Average		Interest
	Recorded		Principal		Related		Recorded		Income
	Investment		Balance		Allowance		Investment		Recognized
							For the Three Months Ended
	At March 31, 2022						March 31, 2022
	(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential, one- to four-family	$	257	$	257	$	-	$	259	$	4
Home equity		23		23		-		23		-
Commercial real estate		6,946		6,946		-		6,964		-
Total impaired loans with no related allowance		7,226		7,226		-		7,246		4


			Unpaid				Average		Interest
	Recorded		Principal		Related		Recorded		Income
	Investment		Balance		Allowance		Investment		Recognized
							For the Year Ended
	At December 31, 2021						December 31, 2021
	(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential, one- to four-family	$	261	$	261	$	-	$	269	$	13
Home equity		24		24		-		25		1
Commercial real estate		7,002		7,002		-		8,786		219
Total impaired loans		7,287		7,287		-		9,080		233

The following table provides an analysis of past due loans and non-accruing loans as of the dates indicated:


	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days or More		Total Past			Current	Total Loans		Loans on Non-
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Due			Due	Receivable		Accrual
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022:
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family⁽¹⁾	$	406	$	508	$	1,305	$	2,219	$	157,833	$	160,052	$	1,839
Home equity		253		21		524		798		47,612		48,410		567
Commercial⁽²⁾		1,167		-		-		1,167		295,837		297,004		6,946
Construction - commercial		-		-		-		-		25,462		25,462		-
Other Loans:
Commercial⁽³⁾		-		-		-		-		20,993		20,993		-
Consumer		57		3		6		66		1,243		1,309		9
Total	$	1,883	$	532	$	1,835	$	4,250	$	548,980	$	553,230	$	9,361

	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days or More		Total Past			Current	Total Loans		Loans on Non-
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Due			Due	Receivable		Accrual
	(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2021:
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family⁽¹⁾	$	373	$	758	$	1,096	$	2,227	$	156,599	$	158,826	$	1,878
Home equity		265		146		532		943		47,128		48,071		636
Commercial⁽²⁾		-		-		-		-		266,525		266,525		7,002
Construction - commercial		-		-		-		-		21,824		21,824		-
Other Loans:
Commercial⁽³⁾		-		-		-		-		23,216		23,216		-
Consumer		7		7		5		19		1,298		1,317		5
Total	$	645	$	911	$	1,633	$	3,189	$	516,590	$	519,779	$	9,521

⁽¹⁾Includes one- to four-family construction loans.

⁽²⁾Commercial Real Estate loans on non-accrual consists of one loan which was moved to non-accrual status during the year ended December 31, 2021.

⁽³⁾Includes $1.7 million and $4.6 million of Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which do not require payments for a certain amount of time under the CARES Act and are 100% guaranteed by SBA.

The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due. A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as non-accrual. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. If ultimate collection of principal is in doubt, all cash receipts on impaired loans are applied to reduce the principal balance.

The Company’s policies provide for the classification of loans as follows:

Pass/Performing;

Special Mention – does not currently expose the Company to a sufficient degree of risk but does possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving the Company’s close attention;

Substandard – has one or more well-defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. A

substandard asset would be one inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or pledged collateral, if applicable;

Doubtful – has all the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values questionable, and there is a high possibility of loss; and

Loss – loan is considered uncollectible and continuance without the establishment of a specific valuation reserve is not warranted.

The Company’s Asset Classification Committee is responsible for monitoring risk ratings and making changes as deemed appropriate. Each commercial loan is individually assigned a loan classification. The Company’s consumer loans, including residential one- to four-family loans and home equity loans, are not classified as described above. Instead, the Company uses the delinquency status as the basis for classifying these loans. Generally, all consumer loans more than 90 days past due are classified and placed in non-accrual. Such loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection will remain in accrual status.

The following tables summarize the internal loan grades applied to the Company’s loan portfolio as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	Pass/Performing		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family⁽¹⁾	$	158,032	$	-	$	2,020	$	-	$	-	$	160,052
Home equity		47,422		-		988		-		-		48,410
Commercial⁽²⁾		281,931		7,032		8,041		-		-		297,004
Construction - commercial		25,462		-		-		-		-		25,462
Other Loans:
Commercial⁽³⁾		17,164		1,260		2,569		-		-		20,993
Consumer		1,295		-		4		3		7		1,309
Total	$	531,306	$	8,292	$	13,622	$	3	$	7	$	553,230


	Pass/Performing		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2021
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family⁽¹⁾	$	156,931	$	-	$	1,895	$	-	$	-	$	158,826
Home equity		47,167		-		904		-		-		48,071
Commercial⁽²⁾		252,391		6,682		7,452		-		-		266,525
Construction - commercial		21,824		-		-		-		-		21,824
Other Loans:
Commercial⁽³⁾		18,076		1,742		3,398		-		-		23,216
Consumer		1,308		-		4		-		5		1,317
Total	$	497,697	$	8,424	$	13,653	$	-	$	5	$	519,779

⁽¹⁾Includes one- to four-family construction loans.

⁽²⁾The Substandard classification category for Commercial Real Estate loans includes one $7.0 million loan relationship that was deemed to be impaired during the year ended December 31, 2021.

⁽³⁾The Pass/Performing category for Commercial Loans includes $1.7 million and $4.6 million of PPP loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which do not require payments for a certain amount of time under the CARES Act and are 100% guaranteed by SBA.

TDRs occur when we grant borrowers concessions that we would not otherwise grant but for economic or legal reasons pertaining to the borrower’s financial difficulties. A concession is made when the terms of the loan modification are more favorable than the terms the borrower would have received in the current market under similar financial difficulties. These concessions may include, but are not limited to, modifications of the terms of the debt, the transfer of assets or the issuance of an equity interest by the borrower to satisfy all or part of the debt, or the addition of borrower(s). The Company identifies loans for potential TDRs primarily through direct

communication with the borrower and evaluation of the borrower’s financial statements, revenue projections, tax returns, and credit reports. Even if the borrower is not presently in default, management will consider the likelihood that cash flow shortages, adverse economic conditions, and negative trends may result in a payment default in the near future. Generally, we will not return a TDR to accrual status until the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make principal and interest payments under the restructured terms for at least six consecutive months. The Company’s TDRs are impaired loans, which may result in specific allocations and subsequent charge-offs if appropriate.

Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in full collection of principal and interest, as modified, which may result in potential losses. These potential losses have been factored into our overall estimate of the allowance for loan losses.

The following table summarizes the loans that were classified as TDRs as of the dates indicated:


					Non-Accruing				Accruing				TDRs That Have Defaulted on Modified Terms Year to Date
	Number of Loans		Recorded Investment		Number of Loans		Recorded Investment		Number of Loans		Recorded Investment		Number of Loans		Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in thousands)
At March 31, 2022
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family		7	$	257		1	$	10		6	$	247		-	$	-
Home equity		2		23		1		14		1		9		-		-
Commercial		1		6,946		1		6,946		-		-		-		-
Total		10	$	7,226		3	$	6,970		7	$	256		-	$	-


At December 31, 2021
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family		7	$	261		1	$	11		6	$	250		-	$	-
Home equity		2		24		1		15		1		9		1		15
Commercial		1		7,002		1		7,002		-		-		-		-
Total		10	$	7,287		3	$	7,028		7	$	259		1	$	15

No additional loan commitments were outstanding to these borrowers at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

There were no loans first deemed to be TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Foreclosed real estate consists of property acquired in settlement of loans which is carried at its fair value less estimated selling costs. Write-downs from cost to fair value less estimated selling costs are recorded at the date of acquisition or repossession and are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Foreclosed real estate was $204,000 and $123,000 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and was included as a component of other assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $1.7 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Note 6 – Earnings per Share

Earnings per share was calculated for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Basic earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, exclusive of unearned shares held by the Employee Stock Ownership Plan of Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. (the “ESOP”) and

by the Lake Shore Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (“EIP”). Diluted earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and common share equivalents that would arise from the exercise of dilutive securities. Stock options are regarded as potential common stock and are considered in the diluted earnings per share calculations to the extent they would be dilutive and computed using the treasury stock method.

The calculated basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021
Numerator – net income	$	1,061,000	$	1,688,000
Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		5,832,170		5,913,111
Increase in weighted average shares outstanding due to:
Stock options		4,239		776
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		5,836,409		5,913,887

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.18	$	0.29
Diluted	$	0.18	$	0.29

Note 7 – Commitments to Extend Credit

The Company has commitments to extend credit with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments. There were no loss reserves associated with these commitments at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

The following commitments to extend credit were outstanding as of the dates specified:


	Contract Amount
	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands)

Commitments to grant loans	$	43,541	$	61,234
Unfunded commitments under lines of credit		75,067		73,387

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses. The commitments for lines of credit may expire without being drawn upon. Therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The amount of collateral obtained, if it is deemed necessary by the Company, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.

Note 8 – Stock-based Compensation

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had four stock-based compensation plans, which are described below. The compensation cost that has been recorded under salary and benefits expense in the non-interest expense section

of the consolidated statements of income for these plans was $72,000 and $71,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

2006 Stock Option Plan

The Company’s 2006 Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”), which was approved by the Company’s stockholders, permitted the grant of options to its employees and non-employee directors for up to 297,562 shares of common stock. The Stock Option Plan expired on October 24, 2016, and grants of options can no longer be awarded.

Both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options have been granted under the Stock Option Plan. The exercise price of each stock option equals the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and an option’s maximum term is ten years. The stock options generally vest over a five year period.

A summary of the status of the Stock Option Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented below:


	2022				2021
	Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Life	Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding at beginning of year	64,548	$	14.38		64,548	$	14.38
Granted	-		-		-		-
Exercised	-		-		-		-
Outstanding at end of period	64,548	$	14.38	4.6 years	64,548	$	14.38	5.6 years

Options exercisable at end of period	64,548	$	14.38	4.6 years	51,636	$	14.38	5.6 years

Fair value of options granted	-	$	-		-	$	-

At March 31, 2022, stock options had an intrinsic value of $37,000 and there were no remaining options available for grant under the Stock Option Plan. There were no stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. At March 31, 2022, all compensation cost related to the Stock Option Plan has been recognized in prior periods. Compensation expense related to the Stock Option Plan amounted to $8,000 for the three month period ended March 31, 2021.

2006 Recognition and Retention Plan

The Company’s 2006 Recognition and Retention Plan (“RRP”), which was approved by the Company’s stockholders, permitted the grant of restricted stock awards (“Awards”) to employees and non-employee directors for up to 119,025 shares of common stock. The RRP expired on October 24, 2016, and as of October 24, 2016, all shares permitted under the plan have been granted.

As of March 31, 2022, all 119,025 shares in the plan have vested and been distributed to eligible participants under the RRP. At March 31, 2022, all compensation cost related to the RRP has been recognized in prior periods. Compensation expense amounted to $5,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

A summary of the status of unvested shares under the RRP for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is as follows:


	At March 31, 2021		Weighted Average Grant Price (per Share)
Unvested shares outstanding at beginning of year	1,618	$	14.38
Granted	-		-
Vested	-		-
Unvested shares outstanding at end of period	1,618	$	14.38

2012 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “EIP”), which was approved by the Company’s stockholders on May 23, 2012, authorizes the issuance of up to 180,000 shares of common stock pursuant to grants of restricted stock awards and up to 20,000 shares of common stock pursuant to grants of incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, subject to permitted adjustments for certain corporate transactions. Employees and non-employee directors of Lake Shore Bancorp or its subsidiaries are eligible to receive awards under the EIP, except that non-employees may not be granted incentive stock options.

The Board of Directors granted restricted stock awards under the EIP during the three months ended March 31, 2022 as follows:


Grant Date	Number of Restricted Stock Awards	Vesting		Fair Value per Share of Award on Grant Date	Awardees

March 17, 2022	4,577	100% on December 9, 2022	$	15.00	Non-employee directors
March 30, 2022	22,555	100% on March 31, 2025 if three year performance metric is achieved	$	14.96	Employees

A summary of the status of unvested restricted stock awards under the EIP for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:


	At March 31, 2022		Weighted Average Grant Price (per Share)	At March 31, 2021		Weighted Average Grant Price (per Share)
Unvested shares outstanding at beginning of year	29,495	$	15.24	14,986	$	15.39
Granted	27,132		14.97	20,958		15.22
Forfeited	-		-	(1,392)		15.26
Unvested shares outstanding at end of period	56,627	$	15.11	34,552	$	15.29

As of March 31, 2022, there were 93,741 shares of restricted stock that vested or were distributed to eligible participants under the EIP. Compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock awards under the EIP amounted to $42,000 and $26,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. At March 31, 2022, $619,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock awards is expected to be recognized over a period of 36 months.

A summary of the status of stock options under the EIP for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented below:


	2022				2021
	Options		Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Life	Options		Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding at beginning of year	20,000	$	14.38		20,000	$	14.38
Granted	-		-		-		-
Exercised	-		-		-		-
Forfeited	-		-		-		-
Outstanding at end of period	20,000	$	14.38	4.6 years	20,000	$	14.38	5.6 years

Options exercisable at end of period	20,000	$	14.38	4.6 years	15,998	$	14.38	5.6 years

Fair value of options granted	-		-		-		-

At March 31, 2022, stock options had an intrinsic value of $12,000 and there were no remaining options available for grant under the EIP. At March 31, 2022, all compensation cost related to the stock options granted under the EIP has been recognized in prior periods. Compensation expense related to stock options outstanding under the EIP amounted to $3,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”)

The Company established the ESOP for the benefit of eligible employees of the Company and Bank. All Company and Bank employees meeting certain age and service requirements are eligible to participate in the ESOP. Participants’ benefits become fully vested after five years of service once the employee is eligible to participate in the ESOP. The Company utilized $2.6 million of the proceeds of its 2006 stock offering to extend a loan to the ESOP and the ESOP used such proceeds to purchase 238,050 shares of stock on the open market at an average price of $10.70 per share, plus commission expenses. As a result of the purchase of shares by the ESOP, total stockholders’ equity of the Company was reduced by $2.6 million. As of March 31, 2022, the balance of the loan to the ESOP was $1.4 million and the fair value of unallocated shares was $1.6 million. As of March 31, 2022, there were 90,135 allocated shares and 103,154 unallocated shares compared to 81,719 allocated shares and 119,024 unallocated shares at March 31, 2021. The ESOP compensation expense was $30,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and $29,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 based on 1,984 shares earned in each of those quarters.

Note 9 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sale transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these consolidated financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. The estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported here.

GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities measurements (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable input measurements (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition contain investment securities and derivative instruments that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. For financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were as follows:


	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2022
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
		(Dollars in thousands)
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Securities:
Debt Securities Available for Sale
U.S. government agencies	$	2,057	$	-	$	2,057	$	-
Municipal bonds		47,183		-		47,183		-
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations-private label		13		-		13		-
Collateralized mortgage obligations-government sponsored entities		15,376		-		15,376		-
Government National Mortgage Association		73		-		73		-
Federal National Mortgage Association		13,414		-		13,414		-
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		6,314		-		6,314		-
Asset-backed securities:
Private label		106		-		106		-
Government sponsored entities		6		-		6		-
Total Debt Securities Available for Sale	$	84,542	$	-	$	84,542	$	-
Equity securities		18		18		-		-
Total Securities	$	84,560	$	18	$	84,542	$	-
Interest Rate Swap⁽¹⁾	$	124	$	-	$	124	$	-

⁽¹⁾Included in Other Assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition.


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
		(Dollars in thousands)
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Securities:
Debt Securities Available for Sale
U.S. government agencies	$	2,213	$	-	$	2,213	$	-
Municipal bonds		50,756		-		50,756		-
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations-private label		15		-		15		-
Collateralized mortgage obligations-government sponsored entities		17,814		-		17,814		-
Government National Mortgage Association		83		-		83		-
Federal National Mortgage Association		10,760		-		10,760		-
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation		7,036		-		7,036		-
Asset-backed securities:
Private label		110		-		110		-
Government sponsored entities		10		-		10		-
Total Debt Securities Available for Sale	$	88,797	$	-	$	88,797	$	-
Equity securities		19		19		-		-
Total Securities	$	88,816	$	19	$	88,797	$	-
Interest Rate Swap⁽¹⁾	$	(60)	$	-	$	(60)	$	-

⁽¹⁾Included in Other Liabilities on the consolidated statements of financial condition

Level 2 inputs for assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment projections, credit risks, etc.) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means. The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for financial assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

Investment securities - the fair values are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1) or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution date, market consensus prepayment projections, credit information, and the security’ terms and conditions, among other things. Level 2 securities which are fixed income instruments that are not quoted on an exchange, but are traded in active markets, are valued using prices obtained from our custodian, who use third party data service providers.

Interest Rate Swap – the fair value is based on a discounted cash flow model. The model’s key assumptions include the contractual term of the derivative contract, including the period to maturity, and the use of observable market based inputs, such as interest rates, yield curves, nonperformance risk and implied volatility.

In addition to disclosure of the fair value of assets on a recurring basis, GAAP requires disclosures for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, such as impaired assets, foreclosed real estate and mortgage servicing rights. Loans are generally not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Periodically, the Company records non-recurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of these loans. Non-recurring adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans calculated when establishing the allowance for loan losses. An impaired loan is carried at fair value based on either a recent appraisal less estimated selling costs of underlying collateral or discounted cash flows based on current market conditions. Once a loan is foreclosed, the fair value of the real estate owned continues to be evaluated based upon the market value of the repossessed real estate originally securing the loan.

Mortgage servicing rights do not trade in an active market with readily observable market data. As a result, the Company estimates the fair value of loan servicing rights by using a discounted cash flow model to calculate the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The key assumptions used in the model include the estimated life of loans sold with servicing retained and the estimated cost to service the loans. Loan servicing rights are classified as Level 3 measurements due to the use of unobservable inputs, as well as management judgment and estimation.

For assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy were as follows:


	Fair Value Measurements
			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs
	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
		(Dollars in thousands)
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

At March 31, 2022
Mortgage servicing rights	$	222	$	-	$	-	$	222

At December 31, 2021
Foreclosed real estate	$	35	$	-	$	-	$	35
Mortgage servicing rights		220		-		-		220

The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:


	Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value Estimate		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range	Weighted Average
At March 31, 2022
Mortgage servicing rights	$	222	Discounted Cash Flow Model ⁽¹⁾	Discount Rate	10.0%	10.0%
				Servicing Fees	0.25%	0.25%
				Servicing Costs	0.15%	0.15%
				Estimated Life of Loans	5.7-7.6 years	5.7 years
At December 31, 2021
Foreclosed real estate	$	35	Market valuation of property ⁽²⁾	Direct Disposal Costs ⁽³⁾	7.00%	7.00%
Mortgage servicing rights		220	Discounted Cash Flow Model ⁽¹⁾	Discount Rate	10.0%	10.0%
				Servicing Fees	0.25%	0.25%
				Servicing Costs	0.15%	0.15%
				Estimated Life of Loans	5.9 years	5.9 years

⁽¹⁾The fair value is based on a discounted cash flow model. The model's key assumptions are the estimated life of loans sold with servicing retained and the estimated cost to service the loans.

⁽²⁾Fair value is generally determined through independent third-party appraisals of the underlying collateral or by a purchase offer for the related property, which generally includes various Level 3 inputs which are not observable.

⁽³⁾The fair value basis of foreclosed real estate may be adjusted to reflect management estimates of disposal costs including, but not necessarily limited to, real estate brokerage commissions, legal fees, and delinquent property taxes.

At December 31, 2021, foreclosed real estate valued using Level 3 inputs had a carrying amount of $73,000 and valuation allowance of $38,000.

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, whether carried at cost or fair value, are as follows:


	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2022
	Carrying		Estimated		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	30,766	$	30,766	$	30,766	$	-	$	-
Securities		84,560		84,560		18		84,542		-
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		1,606		1,606		-		1,606		-
Loans receivable, net		550,286		525,832		-		-		525,832
Accrued interest receivable		2,431		2,431		-		2,431		-
Interest rate swap		124		124		-		124		-
Mortgage servicing rights		222		222		-		-		222
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		592,820		595,456		-		595,456		-
Long-term debt		21,950		21,315		-		21,315		-
Accrued interest payable		53		53		-		53		-
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments		-		-		-		-		-


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021
	Carrying		Estimated		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	67,585	$	67,585	$	67,585	$	-	$	-
Securities		88,816		88,816		19		88,797		-
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		1,606		1,606		-		1,606		-
Loans receivable, net		517,206		504,018		-		-		504,018
Accrued interest receivable		2,483		2,483		-		2,483		-
Mortgage servicing rights		220		220		-		-		220
Financial liabilities:
Deposits		593,184		596,273		-		596,273		-
Long-term debt		21,950		22,073		-		22,073		-
Accrued interest payable		55		55		-		55		-
Interest rate swap		60		60		-		60		-
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments		-		-		-		-		-

Note 10 – Treasury Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2022, there were 36,327 shares remaining to be repurchased under the existing stock repurchase program. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company transferred 27,132 shares of common

stock out of treasury stock reserved for the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, at an average cost of $9.39 per share to fund awards that had been granted under the plan.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 43,834 shares of common stock at an average cost of $14.88 per share. The shares were repurchased pursuant to the Company’s publicly announced common stock repurchase program. As of March 31, 2021, there were 35,873 shares remaining to be repurchased under the existing stock repurchase program. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company transferred 20,958 shares of common stock out of treasury stock reserved for the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, at an average cost of $9.39 per share to fund awards that had been granted under the plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, there were 1,392 shares transferred back into treasury stock reserved for the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan at an average cost of $9.39 per share due to forfeitures.

Note 11 – Other Comprehensive Loss

In addition to presenting the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income herein, the following table shows the tax effects allocated to the Company’s single component of other comprehensive loss for the periods presented:

GainLossOnSaleOfLoansHeldForSale
	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022						For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Pre-Tax Amount		Tax Benefit		Net of Tax Amount		Pre-Tax Amount		Tax Benefit			Net of Tax Amount
	(Dollars in thousands)
Net unrealized loss on securities:
Net unrealized loss arising during the period	$	(7,758)	$	1,629	$	(6,129)	$	(995)	$	209	$	(786)
Less: reclassification adjustment related to:
Recovery on previously impaired investment securities included in net income		(6)		1		(5)		(21)		4		(17)
Total Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(7,764)	$	1,630	$	(6,134)	$	(1,016)	$	213	$	(803)

The following table presents the amounts reclassified out of the single component of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss for the indicated periods:


	Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated
Details about Accumulated Other	Other Comprehensive Loss				Affected Line Item
Comprehensive Loss	for the three months ended March 31,				on the Consolidated
Components	2022		2021		Statements of Income
	(Dollars in thousands)
Net unrealized loss on securities:
Recovery on previously impaired investment securities	$	(6)	$	(21)	Recovery on previously impaired investment securities
Provision for income tax expense		1		4	Income Tax Expense
Total reclassification for the period	$	(5)	$	(17)	Net Income

Note 12 – Subsequent Events

On April 27, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.16 per share on the Company’s common stock, payable on May 23, 2022 to shareholders of record as of May 9, 2022. Lake Shore, MHC (the “MHC”), which holds 3,636,875 shares, or approximately 63.6% of the Company’s total outstanding stock, has elected to waive receipt of the dividend on its shares. On March 10, 2022, the MHC received the non-objection of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia to waive its right to receive dividends paid by the

Company during the twelve months ending February 9, 2023, aggregating up to $0.68 per share. The MHC waived $582,000 of dividends during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Cumulatively the MHC has waived approximately $16.7 million of cash dividends as of March 31, 2022. The dividends waived by the MHC are considered a restriction on the retained earnings of the Company.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

Safe-Harbor

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s and the Bank’s industry, and management’s beliefs and assumptions. Words such as anticipates, expects, intends, plans, believes, estimates and variations of such words and expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to forecast. Therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or forecast in such forward-looking statements.

Potential risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those described in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the following:

risks from data loss or other security breaches, including a breach of our operational or security systems, policies, or procedures, including cyber-attacks on us or on our third party vendors or service providers;

risks relating to the COVID-19 pandemic;

the strength of the United States economy in general and of the local economies in which we conduct operations;

the effect of change in monetary and fiscal policy, including changes in interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

inflation, and market and monetary fluctuations;

climate change;

deterioration in the credit quality of our loan portfolio and/or the value of the collateral securing repayment of loans;

reduction in the value of our investment securities;

the cost and ability to attract and retain key employees;

regulatory or legal developments, tax policy changes;

our ability to implement and execute our business plan and strategy and expand our operations;

the ability of our customers to make loan payments;

the effect of competition on rates of deposit and loan growth and net interest margin;

our ability to continue to control costs and expenses;

changes in accounting principles, policies, or guidelines;

our success in managing the risks involved in our business; and

other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services.

Any and all of our forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in any other public statements we make may differ from actual outcomes. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview

The following discussion and analysis is presented to assist in the understanding and evaluation of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. It is intended to complement the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction therewith. The detailed discussion focuses on our consolidated financial condition as of March 31, 2022 compared to the consolidated financial condition as of December 31, 2021 and the consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Our results of operations depend primarily on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income we earn on loans and investments and the interest expense we pay on deposits, borrowings and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is affected by the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest rates we earn or pay on these balances.

Our operations are also affected by non-interest income, such as service charges and fees, debit card fees, earnings on bank owned life insurance, and gains and losses on interest rate swaps and the sales of securities and loans, our provision for loan losses and non-interest expenses which include salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment costs, data processing, professional services, advertising and other general and administrative expenses.

Financial institutions like us, in general, are significantly affected by economic conditions, competition, and the monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government. Lending activities are influenced by the demand for and supply of housing and commercial real estate, competition among lenders, interest rate conditions, and funds availability. Our operations and lending are principally concentrated in the Western New York area, and our operations and earnings are influenced by local economic conditions. Deposit balances and cost of funds are influenced by prevailing market rates on competing investments, customer preferences, and levels of personal income and savings in our primary market area. Operations are also significantly impacted by government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. Future changes in applicable law, regulations or government policies may materially impact the Company.

To operate successfully, we must manage various types of risk, including but not limited to, interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, operational and information technology risks, strategic risk, reputation risk and compliance risk. A significant form of market risk for the Company is interest rate risk, as the Company’s assets and liabilities are sensitive to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is the exposure of our net interest income to adverse movements in interest rates. Net interest income is our primary source of revenue and interest rate risk is a significant non-credit related risk to which our Company is exposed. Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates as well as fluctuations in the level and duration of our assets and liabilities. In addition to directly impacting net interest income, changes in interest rates can also affect the amount of new loan originations, the ability of borrowers and debt issuers to repay loans and debt securities, the volume of loan repayments and refinancing, the flow and mix of deposits and the fair value of securities.

In recent years, the Company has adjusted its strategies to manage interest rate risk by originating a greater volume of shorter-term, adjustable rate commercial real estate and commercial business loans and increasing its concentration of core deposits, which are less interest rate sensitive. The Company has entered into two interest rate swap arrangements with a total notional amount of $6.0 million to convert portions of its interest earning assets into fixed or adjustable rate interest-earning assets, as applicable, to manage its exposure to movements in interest rates.

Credit risk is the risk to our earnings and stockholders’ equity that results from customers, to whom loans have been made, and from issuers of debt securities in which the Company has invested, failing to repay their obligations. The magnitude of this risk depends on the capacity and willingness of borrowers and debt issuers to repay and the sufficiency of the value of collateral obtained to secure the loans made or investments purchased. This risk is managed by policies approved by the Company’s Board of Directors, review of compliance with the policies and periodic reporting and evaluation of loans or securities that are non-performing or demonstrate other characteristics of potential loss.

Management Strategy

There have been no material changes in the Company’s management strategy from what was disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Disclosure of the Company’s significant accounting estimates is included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Some of these estimates require significant judgment, estimates and assumptions to be made by management, most particularly in connection with determining the provision for loan losses and the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses, as well as management’s evaluation of securities valuation, impairment of securities and income taxes. There have been no material changes in critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2021.

Analysis of Net Interest Income

Net interest income represents the difference between the interest we earn on our interest-earning assets, such as commercial and residential mortgage loans and investment securities, and the expense we pay on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Net interest income depends on both the volume of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest rates we earn or pay on them.

Average Balances, Interest and Average Yields. The following table sets forth certain information relating to our average balance sheets and reflects the average yield on interest-earning assets and average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, interest earned and interest paid for the periods indicated. Such yields and costs are derived by dividing income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods presented. Average balances are derived from daily balances over the periods indicated. The average balances for loans are net of allowance for loan losses but include non-accrual loans. The loan yields include net amortization of certain deferred fees and costs that are considered adjustments to yields. The net amortization of deferred loan fees and costs were $90,000 and $72,000 for the three month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Interest income on securities does not include a tax equivalent adjustment for tax exempt securities.

	For the Three Months Ended					For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2022					March 31, 2021
	Average		Interest Income/		Yield/	Average		Interest Income/		Yield/
	Balance		Expense		Rate⁽²⁾	Balance		Expense		Rate⁽²⁾
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-earning deposits & federal funds sold	$	39,161	$	15	0.15%	$	31,735	$	6	0.08%
Securities⁽¹⁾		89,601		499	2.23%		79,113		474	2.40%
Loans, including fees		518,761		5,420	4.18%		530,676		5,577	4.20%
Total interest-earning assets		647,523		5,934	3.67%		641,524		6,057	3.78%
Other assets		55,629					45,483
Total assets	$	703,152				$	687,007

Interest-bearing liabilities
Demand & NOW accounts	$	89,634	$	19	0.08%	$	81,381	$	19	0.09%
Money market accounts		180,011		92	0.20%		160,230		85	0.21%
Savings accounts		74,546		10	0.05%		67,701		9	0.05%
Time deposits		134,552		226	0.67%		157,663		514	1.30%
Borrowed funds & other interest-bearing liabilities		22,564		119	2.11%		29,629		160	2.16%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		501,307		466	0.37%		496,604		787	0.63%
Other non-interest bearing liabilities		114,608					103,666
Stockholders' equity		87,237					86,737
Total liabilities & stockholders' equity	$	703,152				$	687,007
Net interest income			$	5,468				$	5,270
Interest rate spread					3.30%					3.15%
Net interest margin					3.38%					3.29%

⁽¹⁾The tax equivalent adjustment for bank qualified tax exempt municipal securities results in rates of 2.60% and 2.79% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

⁽²⁾Annualized.

Rate Volume Analysis. The following table analyzes the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The table shows the amount of the change in interest income or expense caused by either changes in outstanding balances (volume) or changes in interest rates. The effect of a change in volume is measured by applying the average rate during the first period to the volume change between the two periods. The effect of changes in rate is measured by applying the change in rate between the two periods to the average volume during the first period. Changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately to the absolute value of the change due to volume and the change due to rate.

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Compared to
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Rate		Volume			Net Change
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-earning deposits & federal funds sold	$	7	$	2	$	9
Securities		(35)		60		25
Loans, including fees		(32)		(125)		(157)
Total interest-earning assets		(60)		(63)		(123)
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand & NOW accounts		(2)		2		-
Money market accounts		(3)		10		7
Savings accounts		-		1		1
Time deposits		(221)		(67)		(288)
Total deposits		(226)		(54)		(280)
Other interest-bearing liabilities:
Borrowed funds & other interest-bearing liabilities		(6)		(35)		(41)
Total interest-bearing liabilities		(232)		(89)		(321)
Total change in net interest income	$	172	$	26	$	198

As shown in the above tables, the increase in net interest income for first quarter 2022 was primarily due to a decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities when compared to the prior year period. Net interest margin increased to 3.38% for the first quarter 2022 as compared to 3.29% for the first quarter 2021. The average interest rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased 26 basis points from 0.63% during first quarter 2021 to 0.37% during first quarter 2022. The decrease in the average interest rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities during first quarter 2022 was partially offset by an $11.8 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits in comparison to the prior year period. The increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits was primarily driven by an increase in the average balance of core deposit accounts. The increase in net interest margin was partially offset by a decrease in the average yield on interest-earning assets. The average yield on interest-earning assets for the 2022 first quarter decreased by 11 basis points when compared to the prior year period primarily as a result of a decrease in higher yielding commercial real estate loans. The average balance of the loan portfolio decreased $11.9 million, or 2.2%, during the 2022 first quarter compared to the prior year quarter. The decrease in the average balance of the loan portfolio was primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of commercial real estate loans due to an increase in loan paydowns.

Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021

Total assets at March 31, 2022 were $707.5 million, a decrease of $6.3 million, or 0.9%, from $713.7 million at December 31, 2021. The decrease in total assets was primarily due to a $36.8 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents driven by the use of cash for loan originations and a $4.3 million decrease in securities available for sale, partially offset by a $33.1 million increase in loans receivable, net.

Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $36.8 million, or 54.5%, from $67.6 million at December 31, 2021 to $30.8 million at March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $33.7 million cash outflow relating to net loan originations and a $2.9 million cash outflow relating to net purchases of securities.

Securities available for sale decreased by $4.3 million, or 4.8%, from $88.8 million at December 31, 2021 to $84.6 million at March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $7.8 million increase in unrealized mark to market losses due to an increase in market interest rates during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was partially offset by net securities purchases.

Net loans receivable increased during the three months ended March 31, 2022 as shown in the table below:


	At March 31,		At December 31,		Change
	2022		2021		$		%
	(Dollars in thousands)
Real Estate Loans:
Residential, one- to four-family⁽¹⁾	$	160,052	$	158,826	$	1,226	0.8	%
Home equity		48,410		48,071		339	0.7	%
Commercial		297,004		266,525		30,479	11.4	%
Construction - Commercial		25,462		21,824		3,638	16.7	%
Total real estate loans		530,928		495,246		35,682	7.2	%
Other Loans:
Commercial		20,993		23,216		(2,223)	(9.6)	%
Consumer		1,309		1,317		(8)	(0.6)	%
Total gross loans		553,230		519,779		33,451	6.4	%
Allowance for loan losses		(6,500)		(6,118)		(382)	6.2	%
Net deferred loan costs		3,556		3,545		11	0.3	%
Loans receivable, net	$	550,286	$	517,206	$	33,080	6.4	%

⁽¹⁾Includes one- to four-family construction loans.

The increase in loans receivable, net was primarily due to an increase in commercial real estate and commercial construction loans, partially offset by a decrease in commercial business loans. The Bank remains strategically focused on originating shorter duration, adjustable rate commercial real estate loans and commercial business loans to properly manage interest rate risk. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, $2.9 million of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans originated during 2021 or 2020 were forgiven. The outstanding balance of PPP loans was $1.7 million at March 31, 2022, as compared to $4.6 million at December 31, 2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, $61,000 of fee income related to PPP loan forgiveness was recorded as loan interest income on the consolidated statements of income.

Asset Quality. The following table presents information regarding activity in our allowance for loan losses and our asset quality ratios at or for the dates indicated:


	At or for the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year	$	6,118		$	5,857
Provision for loan losses		400			150
Charge-offs:
Real estate loans:
Residential, one- to four-family		-			-
Home equity		-			-
Commercial		-			-
Construction – Commercial and Residential, one- to four-family		-			-
Other loans:
Commercial		-			-
Consumer		(20)			(6)
Total charge-offs		(20)			(6)
Recoveries:
Real estate loans:
Residential, one- to four-family		-			-
Home equity		1			-
Commercial		-			1
Construction – Commercial and Residential, one- to four-family		-			-
Other loans:
Commercial		-			-
Consumer		1			2
Total recoveries		2			3
Net charge-offs		(18)			(3)
Balance at end of period	$	6,500		$	6,004
Average loans outstanding	$	518,761		$	530,676
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total net loans		1.18	%		1.12	%
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of non-performing loans		68.61	%		203.94	%
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding by loan type⁽¹⁾:
Real estate loans:
Residential, one- to four-family		-	%		-	%
Home equity		0.01	%		-	%
Commercial		-	%		-	%
Construction – Commercial		-	%		-	%
Other loans:
Commercial		-	%		-	%
Consumer		(5.83)	%		(1.24)	%
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding		(0.01)	%		-	%
⁽¹⁾ Annualized
		At March 31,			At December 31,
		2022			2021
Non-performing loans as a percent of total net loans:		1.72	%		1.86	%
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets:		1.37	%		1.37	%

Total non-performing assets decreased by $79,000, or 0.8%, to $9.7 million at March 31, 2022 from $9.8 million at December 31, 2021, primarily due to a decrease in non-accrual loans.

Other assets increased $1.8 million, or 39.6%, to $6.2 million at March 31, 2022 from $4.4 million at December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to a $1.6 million increase in deferred tax receivables related to unrealized mark to market losses on the debt securities available for sale portfolio.

The table below shows changes in deposit balances by type of deposit account between March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


					Change
	At March 31, 2022		At December 31, 2021			$		%
	(Dollars in thousands)
Core Deposits
Demand deposits and NOW accounts:
Non-interest bearing	$	108,960	$	110,676		$	(1,716)	(1.6)	%
Interest bearing		91,921		95,104			(3,183)	(3.3)	%
Money market		184,101		175,886			8,215	4.7	%
Savings		76,066		74,155			1,911	2.6	%
Total core deposits		461,048		455,821			5,227	1.1	%
Non-core Deposits
Time deposits		131,772		137,363			(5,591)	(4.1)	%
Total deposits	$	592,820	$	593,184		$	(364)	(0.1)	%

The decrease in total deposits was primarily due to a decrease in time deposits, mostly offset by an increase in net core deposits. The decrease in time deposits was primarily due to a decrease in customer demand for these types of deposit products. The Company’s strategic focus continues to be centered on organic growth of low-cost core deposits among its retail and commercial customers in an effort to manage interest expense and strengthen customer relationships.

Total stockholders’ equity decreased $5.3 million, or 6.0%, to $82.7 million at March 31, 2022 from $88.0 million at December 31, 2021. The decrease in stockholders’ equity was primarily attributed to a $6.1 million decrease in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income as a result of the increase in market interest rates and $312,000 in dividends paid, partially offset by net income of $1.1 million during the first three months of 2022.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

General. Net income was $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or $0.18 per diluted share, a decrease of $627,000, or 37.1%, compared to net income of $1.7 million, or $0.29 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 reflected a $579,000 increase in non-interest expense, a $250,000 increase in provision for loans losses and an $88,000 decrease in non-interest income, which was partially offset by a $198,000 increase in net interest income and a $92,000 decrease in income tax expense when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Interest Income. Interest income decreased by $123,000, or 2.0%, to $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Loan interest income decreased by $157,000, or 2.8%, to $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the prior year period primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of the loan portfolio of $11.9 million, or 2.2%, from $530.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 to $518.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in the average balance of loans was primarily due to an increase in loan paydowns,

which included PPP loan forgiveness. The average yield on loans was 4.18% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to 4.20% for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Investment interest income increased $25,000, or 5.3%, to $499,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily due to a $10.5 million, or 13.3%, increase in the average balance of the investment portfolio from $79.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 to $89.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in the average balance was primarily due to securities purchases which largely consisted of municipal bond and mortgage backed securities, partially offset by securities paydowns and redemptions of callable municipal bonds. The increase in investment income was partially offset by a 17 basis points decrease in the average yield earned on the investment portfolio. The average yield was 2.40% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to 2.23% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in the average yield was primarily the result of pay-downs in higher yielding securities since March 31, 2021.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $321,000, or 40.8%, to $466,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $787,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily due to a decrease in interest paid on deposits. Interest paid on deposits decreased by $280,000, or 44.7%, to $347,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in interest expense on deposits was primarily due to a 25 basis points decrease in the average interest rate paid on deposit accounts. The decrease was partially offset by an $11.8 million, or 2.5%, increase in average deposit balances for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The average balance of deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $478.7 million with an average rate of 0.29% compared to the average balance of deposits of $467.0 million and an average rate of 0.54% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits was due to an increase in core deposit accounts, partially offset by a decrease in time deposit accounts. The decrease in time deposits was primarily due to a decrease in customer demand for these types of deposit products.

Interest expense on long-term debt decreased by $39,000, or 27.3%, to $104,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of advances from the FHLBNY. The average balance of advances from the FHLBNY for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $22.0 million with an average rate of 1.90% compared to an average balance of $29.0 million and an average rate of 1.98% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in average balance was due to the Company paying off maturing debt with excess cash on hand since March 31, 2021.

Provision for Loan Losses. A $400,000 provision to the allowance for loan losses was recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $150,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in provision for loan losses was primarily due to an increase in commercial real estate and construction – commercial loan balances when compared to the same period in 2021.

We complete a comprehensive quarterly evaluation to determine our provision for loan losses. The evaluation reflects analyses of individual borrowers and historical loss experience, supplemented as necessary by credit judgment that considers observable trends, conditions, and other relevant environmental and economic factors.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a provision of $620,000 for commercial real estate and construction – commercial loans. This consisted of a $547,000 provision in general allowance due to an increase in commercial real estate and construction – commercial loans during the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven by organic loan growth in these loan categories. It also included a $73,000 increase in general allowance due to an increase in criticized and classified commercial real estate loans during the three months ended March 31, 2022. An $88,000 net credit provision was recorded for commercial business loans primarily due to a decrease in criticized and classified loans for this loan type. A $73,000 net provision was recorded for one-to four-family, home equity and consumer loans that primarily reflected adjustments to certain qualitative factors and an increase in classified loans for these loan types during the three months ended March 31, 2022. A $205,000 credit provision was recorded for the unallocated category of loan losses to reflect the

margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating allocated and general losses in the loan portfolio.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded a $148,000 net provision for commercial real estate and construction – commercial loans. This consisted of a $121,000 general allowance to reflect inherent losses within the portfolio due to organic growth during the 2021 period. It also included a $27,000 provision to reflect an increase in criticized and classified commercial real estate loans, which consists primarily of one loan relationship that is well-collateralized. An $89,000 net credit provision was recorded for commercial business loans which reflected a $62,000 credit allowance to account for a $600,000 decrease in criticized and classified commercial business loans. Furthermore, a $27,000 credit allowance to account for a decrease in outstanding commercial business loans, excluding PPP loans, during the three months ended March 31, 2021 was recorded. A $78,000 provision was recorded for one-to four-family, home equity and consumer loans that primarily reflected adjustments to certain qualitative factors for these loan types, which was partially offset by a decrease in classified loans for these loan types. A $13,000 unallocated provision was recorded to reflect the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating allocated and general losses in the loan portfolio.

Refer to Note 5 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the provision for loan losses.

Non-Interest Income. Non-interest income decreased by $88,000, or 10.7%, to $732,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a $169,000 decrease in gains on the sale of residential mortgage loans due to the impact of a rising interest rate environment, a lower volume of loans sold, and less income earned per loan at time of sale. The decrease in non-interest income was partially offset by a $97,000 increase in unrealized gains on interest rate swaps due to an increase in long-term interest rates during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Non-Interest Expense. Non-interest expense increased by $579,000, or 14.7%, to $4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Salary and employee benefits expense increased $306,000, or 14.6%, primarily due to a $285,000 decrease in deferred salaries associated with a decrease in the number of loans originated during the three months ended March 31, 2022 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was also due to annual salary increases. Other expenses increased $217,000, or 71.9%, primarily due to one-time data security expense, as well as loan and foreclosure related expenses. Occupancy and equipment expense increased $76,000, or 11.2%, primarily due to an increase in maintenance contracts and equipment expenses related to the new core processing system conversion completed in the third quarter of 2021. Professional services increased $30,000, or 11.2%, primarily due to an increase in consulting costs. The increase in non-interest expense was partially offset by a $44,000, or 12.3%, decrease in data processing expenses due to lower processing costs associated with the core processing system.

Income Taxes Expense. Income tax expense was $207,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $92,000, or 30.8%, as compared to $299,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in income tax expense was primarily due to a decrease in income before taxes, partially offset by an increase in the effective tax rate. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was 16.3% and 15.0%, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity describes our ability to meet the financial obligations that arise during the ordinary course of business. Liquidity is primarily needed to fund loan commitments, to pay the deposit withdrawal requirements of our customers as well as to fund current and planned expenditures. Our primary sources of funds consist of deposits, scheduled amortization and prepayments of loans and securities, maturities and sales of investments and loans, excess cash, interest earning deposits at other financial institutions, and funds provided from operations. We have written agreements with the FHLBNY, which allows us to borrow the maximum lending values designated by the type of collateral pledged. As of March 31, 2022, the maximum amount that we can borrow from the FHLBNY was $108.8 million and was collateralized by a pledge of certain fixed-rate residential, one- to four-

family loans. At March 31, 2022, we had outstanding advances under this agreement of $22.0 million. We have a written agreement with the Federal Reserve Bank discount window for overnight borrowings which is collateralized by a pledge of our securities and allows us to borrow up to the value of the securities pledged, which was equal to a book value of $10.6 million and a fair value of $9.9 million as of March 31, 2022. There were no balances outstanding with the Federal Reserve Bank at March 31, 2022. We have also established lines of credits with correspondent banks for $42.0 million, of which $40.0 million is unsecured and the remaining $2.0 million will be secured by a pledge of our securities when a draw is made. There were no borrowings on these lines as of March 31, 2022.

While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit outflows, calls of investment securities, and prepayments of loans and mortgage-backed securities are strongly influenced by interest rates, general and local economic conditions, and competition in the marketplace. These factors reduce the predictability of the timing of these sources of funds.

Our primary investing activities include the origination of loans and the purchase of investment securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we originated loans of approximately $56.6 million as compared to approximately $44.8 million of loans originated during the three months ended March 31, 2021. Loan originations exceeded principal repayments and other deductions during the first three months of 2022 by $33.7 million. Purchases of investment securities totaled $6.2 million and $2.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These activities were funded primarily through deposit growth, principal payments received on loans and securities, borrowings and cash reserves.

As described elsewhere in this report, the Company has loan commitments to borrowers and borrowers have unused overdraft lines of protection, unused home equity lines of credit and unused commercial lines of credit that may require funding at a future date. The Company believes it has sufficient funds to fulfill these commitments, including sources of funds available through the use of FHLBNY advances or other liquidity sources. Total deposits were $592.8 million at March 31, 2022, as compared to $593.2 million at December 31, 2021. Approximately $67.2 million of time deposit accounts are scheduled to mature within one year as of March 31, 2022. Based on our deposit retention experience, current pricing strategy, and competitive pricing policies, we anticipate that a significant portion of these time deposits will remain with us following their maturity.

We are committed to maintaining a strong liquidity position; therefore, we monitor our liquidity position on a daily basis. We anticipate that we will have sufficient funds to meet our current funding commitments. The marginal cost of new funding, however, whether from deposits or borrowings from the FHLBNY, will be carefully considered as we monitor our liquidity needs. Therefore, in order to minimize our cost of funds, we may consider additional borrowings from the FHLBNY in the future.

We do not anticipate any material capital expenditures in 2022. We do not have any balloon or other payments due on any long-term obligations, other than the borrowing agreements noted above.

Capital

Federal regulations require a federal savings bank to meet certain capital standards, as discussed in the “Supervision and Regulation - Federal Banking Regulation – Capital Requirements” section included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The federal banking agencies have developed a “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (bank’s tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion and limited amounts of off-balance-sheet exposures and trading assets and liabilities. A “qualifying community bank” may elect to utilize the Community Bank Leverage Ratio in lieu of the general applicable risk-based capital requirements under Basel III. If the community bank exceeds this ratio it will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under Basel III. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution’s risk profile when evaluating whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The

federal banking agencies set the minimum capital for the Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 9.0%. The Bank elected to be subject to this new definition when it became effective on January 1, 2020.

As of March 31, 2022, the Bank was considered a “qualifying community bank” and its Community Bank Leverage Ratio was 12.14% so it was deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under Prompt Corrective Action statutes.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Other than loan commitments and two interest rate swap agreements that are not designated as hedging instruments, as previously noted, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources that is material to investors. Refer to Note 7 in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of loan commitments outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Disclosure is not required as the Company is a smaller reporting company.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13(a)-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.

PART II

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the Company’s risk factors from those disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table reports information regarding repurchases by Lake Shore Bancorp of its common stock in each month of the quarter ended March 31, 2022:

COMPANY PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs⁽¹⁾

January 1 through January 31, 2022	-	$	-	-	36,327
February 1 through February 28, 2022	-		-	-	36,327
March 1 through March 31, 2022	-		-	-	36,327
Total	-	$	-	-	36,327

⁽¹⁾On August 13, 2021, our Board of Directors (the “Company”) adopted a new stock repurchase program. The stock repurchase program authorizes the Company to repurchase up to an aggregate of 106,327 shares, or approximately 5% of its outstanding shares, excluding the shares held by Lake Shore, MHC. The repurchase program permits shares to be repurchased in open market or private transactions, through block trades, and pursuant to any trading plan that may be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The repurchase plan does not have an expiration date and superseded all of the prior stock repurchase programs.

Item 6. Exhibits



			31.1				Certification by the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
			31.2				Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002*
			32.1				Certification by the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
			32.2				Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
			101.INS				Inline XBRL Instance Document^*
			101.SCH				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document^*
			101.CAL				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document^*
			101.DEF				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document^*
			101.LAB				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document^*
			101.PRE				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document^*
			104				Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)*

________________

*Filed herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		LAKE SHORE BANCORP, INC.
		(Registrant)

May 13, 2022	By:	/s/ Daniel P. Reininga
		Daniel P. Reininga
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

May 13, 2022	By:	/s/ Rachel A. Foley
		Rachel A. Foley
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

May 13, 2022	By:	/s/ Steven W. Schiavone
		Steven W. Schiavone
		Controller
		(Principal Accounting Officer)

LAKE SHORE BANCORP, INC. - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.