LIVEPERSON INC - Quarter Report: 2008 September (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-Q
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the quarterly period ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2008
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the transition period from ____________________ to
____________________
Commission
file number: 0-30141
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
|
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
Charter)
|
DELAWARE
|
13-3861628
|
|
(State
or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation
or Organization)
|
(IRS
Employer Identification No.)
|
462
SEVENTH AVENUE
NEW
YORK, NEW YORK
|
10018
|
|
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(212)
609-4200
|
(Registrant’s
Telephone Number, Including Area
Code)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes
x
No
o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or
a
smaller reporting company.
See
definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one).
Accelerated
filer x
|
|
Smaller
reporting company o
|
|
(Do
not check if a smaller reporting company)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes
o
No
x
As
of
November 3, 2008, there were 47,445,048 shares of the issuer’s common stock
outstanding.
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
SEPTEMBER
30, 2008
FORM
10-Q
INDEX
PAGE
|
||
PART
I.
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
4
|
ITEM
1.
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
4
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 (UNAUDITED)
AND
DECEMBER 31, 2007
|
4
|
|
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME FOR THE THREE AND NINE
MONTHS
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 AND 2007
|
5
|
|
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE NINE MONTHS
ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 AND 2007
|
6
|
|
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
8
|
|
ITEM
2.
|
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
19
|
ITEM
3.
|
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
|
28
|
ITEM
4.
|
CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
|
28
|
PART
II.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
30
|
ITEM
1.
|
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
|
30
|
ITEM 1A.
|
RISK
FACTORS
|
30
|
ITEM
2.
|
PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
|
31
|
ITEM
6.
|
EXHIBITS
|
31
|
2
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
STATEMENTS
IN THIS REPORT ABOUT LIVEPERSON, INC. THAT ARE NOT HISTORICAL FACTS ARE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BASED ON OUR CURRENT EXPECTATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS,
ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS ABOUT LIVEPERSON AND OUR INDUSTRY. THESE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD
CAUSE ACTUAL FUTURE EVENTS OR RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM SUCH STATEMENTS.
ANY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE MADE PURSUANT TO THE SAFE HARBOR
PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995. IT IS
ROUTINE FOR OUR INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS TO CHANGE AS THE YEAR
OR
EACH QUARTER IN THE YEAR PROGRESS, AND THEREFORE IT SHOULD BE CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD
THAT THE INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND BELIEFS UPON WHICH WE BASE OUR EXPECTATIONS
MAY CHANGE PRIOR TO THE END OF EACH QUARTER OR THE YEAR. ALTHOUGH THESE
EXPECTATIONS MAY CHANGE, WE ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO INFORM YOU IF THEY DO.
OUR COMPANY POLICY IS GENERALLY TO PROVIDE OUR EXPECTATIONS ONLY ONCE PER
QUARTER, AND NOT TO UPDATE THAT INFORMATION UNTIL THE NEXT QUARTER. ACTUAL
EVENTS OR RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE PROJECTIONS
OR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO SUCH
DIFFERENCES INCLUDE THOSE DISCUSSED IN PART II, ITEM 1A, “RISK
FACTORS.”
3
PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM
1. CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
September 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
(Unaudited)
|
(Note
1(B))
|
||||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
23,773
|
$
|
26,222
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $260 and $208
as of
September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively
|
6,910
|
6,026
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
2,270
|
1,802
|
|||||
Deferred
tax assets, net
|
1,569
|
42
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
34,522
|
34,092
|
|||||
Property
and equipment, net
|
7,462
|
3,733
|
|||||
Intangibles,
net
|
4,898
|
6,953
|
|||||
Goodwill
|
47,971
|
51,684
|
|||||
Deferred
tax assets, net
|
6,336
|
4,202
|
|||||
Security
deposits
|
385
|
499
|
|||||
Other
assets
|
1,677
|
1,325
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
103,251
|
$
|
102,488
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$
|
4,022
|
$
|
3,067
|
|||
Accrued
expenses
|
8,366
|
9,191
|
|||||
Deferred
revenue
|
4,408
|
4,000
|
|||||
Deferred
tax liabilities, net
|
-
|
193
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
16,796
|
16,451
|
|||||
Other
liabilities
|
1,677
|
1,325
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
|||||||
Stockholders’
equity:
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized, 0
shares
issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31,
2007
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Common
stock, $.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized,
47,300,048 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and
47,892,128 shares issued and outstanding at December 31,
2007
|
47
|
48
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
178,143
|
178,041
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(93,351
|
)
|
(93,358
|
)
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
(61
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
84,778
|
84,712
|
|||||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
103,251
|
$
|
102,488
|
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
4
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
UNAUDITED
Three Months Ended
September 30,
|
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
19,375
|
$
|
12,823
|
$
|
55,048
|
$
|
35,453
|
|||||
Operating
expenses:
|
|||||||||||||
Cost
of revenue
|
5,226
|
3,305
|
15,346
|
9,199
|
|||||||||
Product
development
|
3,299
|
2,169
|
9,876
|
6,033
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
6,624
|
3,556
|
18,864
|
10,470
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative
|
3,399
|
2,274
|
10,034
|
6,353
|
|||||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
352
|
242
|
1,134
|
725
|
|||||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
18,900
|
11,546
|
55,254
|
32,780
|
|||||||||
Income
(loss) from operations
|
475
|
1,277
|
(206
|
)
|
2,673
|
||||||||
Other
(expense) income:
|
|||||||||||||
Financial
(expense) income
|
(123
|
)
|
26
|
(125
|
)
|
5
|
|||||||
Interest
income
|
79
|
283
|
270
|
739
|
|||||||||
Total
other (expense) income, net
|
(44
|
)
|
309
|
145
|
744
|
||||||||
Income
(loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes
|
431
|
1,586
|
(61
|
)
|
3,417
|
||||||||
Provision
for (benefit from) income taxes
|
21
|
-
|
(68
|
)
|
-
|
||||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
410
|
$
|
1,586
|
$
|
7
|
$
|
3,417
|
|||||
Basic
net income per common share
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.04
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.08
|
|||||
Diluted
net income per common share
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.03
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.07
|
|||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in basic net income per common
share
calculation
|
47,229,252
|
43,080,475
|
47,433,924
|
42,469,631
|
|||||||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in diluted net income per common
share
calculation
|
48,678,016
|
46,328,876
|
49,064,151
|
45,942,436
|
Income
(loss) from operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008
includes stock-based compensation expense related to the adoption of SFAS No.
123(R) in the amount of $1,014 and $3,178, respectively. Income from operations
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 includes stock-based
compensation expense related to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) in the amount
of
$930 and $2,642, respectively. See Note 1(D).
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
5
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN
THOUSANDS)
UNAUDITED
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
7
|
$
|
3,417
|
|||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
3,178
|
2,642
|
|||||
Depreciation
|
1,324
|
585
|
|||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
2,055
|
978
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
(39
|
)
|
(3,521
|
)
|
|||
Provision
for doubtful accounts
|
68
|
74
|
|||||
CHANGES
IN OPERATING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES:
|
|||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(952
|
)
|
(1,595
|
)
|
|||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
(468
|
)
|
27
|
||||
Security
deposits
|
114
|
13
|
|||||
Accounts
payable
|
1,054
|
90
|
|||||
Accrued
expenses
|
(494
|
)
|
1,048
|
||||
Deferred
revenue
|
408
|
823
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
6,255
|
4,581
|
|||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Purchases
of property and equipment, including capitalized software
|
(5,393
|
)
|
(614
|
)
|
|||
Prepaid
acquisition costs
|
-
|
(122
|
)
|
||||
Acquisition
of Kasamba
|
(112
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Acquisition
of Proficient
|
(132
|
)
|
(218
|
)
|
|||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(5,637
|
)
|
(954
|
)
|
|||
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Excess
tax benefit from the exercise of employee stock options
|
-
|
3,302
|
|||||
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of
options
|
655
|
1,513
|
|||||
Repurchase
of common stock
|
(3,680
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Net
cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
(3,025
|
)
|
4,815
|
||||
Effect
of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents
|
(42
|
)
|
(7
|
)
|
|||
Net
(decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
(2,449
|
)
|
8,435
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
|
26,222
|
21,729
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the end of the period
|
$
|
23,773
|
$
|
30,164
|
Supplemental
disclosure of non-cash investing activities:
Cash
flows from investing for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 does not
include the purchases of approximately $936 of capitalized equipment related
to
the Company’s colocation facility as the corresponding invoices are included in
accounts payable at September 30, 2008, and therefore did not have an impact
on
cash flows for the period.
6
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company incurred approximately
$650 of acquisition costs related to its acquisition of Kasamba Inc., of this
amount, $527 is included in accrued expenses at September 30, 2007.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company issued 1,129,571 shares
of
common stock, valued at $8,901, in connection with the acquisition of Proficient
Systems, Inc. on July 18, 2006.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company reduced the amount of
accrued restructuring costs related to the Proficient acquisition in the amount
of approximately $130, net.
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
7
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
(1) SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(A) SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS
LivePerson,
Inc. (the “Company” or “LivePerson”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware
in 1995. The Company commenced operations in 1996. LivePerson provides online
engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and expert advice.
The
Company’s primary revenue source is the sale of the LivePerson services under
the brand names Timpani and LivePerson. The Company also facilitates online
transactions between service providers (“experts”) who provide expert online
advice to consumers (“users”). Headquartered in New York City, the Company’s
product development staff, help desk, online sales support and the Kasamba
operations are located in Israel. The Company also maintains offices in Atlanta
and the United Kingdom.
(B) UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30,
2008 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are
unaudited. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual
financial statements and reflect all adjustments, which include only normal
recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial
position of LivePerson as of September 30, 2008, and the consolidated results
of
operations and cash flows for the interim periods ended September 30, 2008
and
2007. The financial data and other information disclosed in these notes to
the
condensed consolidated financial statements related to these periods are
unaudited. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily
indicative of the results of operations for any other future interim period
or
for a full fiscal year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December
31,
2007 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that
date.
Certain
information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been
condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities
and
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December
31, 2007, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the
SEC on March 14, 2008.
(C) REVENUE
RECOGNITION
The
majority of the Company’s revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and
related professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. Because
the Company provides its application as a service, the Company follows the
provisions of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and
Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables.” The Company charges a monthly fee, which varies by service and
client usage. The majority of the Company’s larger clients also pay a
professional services fee related to implementation. The Company may also charge
professional service fees related to additional training, business consulting
and analysis in support of the LivePerson services.
The
Company also sells certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet
download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact
Center for small and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost
exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce
the Company’s collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back
cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and
LivePerson Contact Center may occur with or without the assistance of an online
sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact
that
is typically required for traditional direct sales.
8
The
Company recognizes monthly service revenue based upon the fee charged for the
LivePerson services, provided that there is persuasive evidence of an
arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the
resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed
or
determinable. The Company’s service agreements typically have twelve month terms
and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. When professional
service fees provide added value to the customer on a standalone basis and
there
is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of each deliverable, the
Company recognizes professional service fees upon completion and customer
acceptance of key milestones within each of the professional services
engagements. If a professional services arrangement does not qualify for
separate accounting, the Company recognizes the fees, and the related labor
costs, ratably over a period of 36 months, representing the Company’s current
estimate of the term of the client relationship.
For
revenue generated from online transactions between experts and consumers, the
Company applies Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, “Reporting Revenue
Gross as a Principle versus Net as an Agent” due to the fact that the Company
performs as an agent without any risk of loss for collection. The Company
collects a fee from the consumer and retains a portion of the fee, and then
remits the balance to the expert. Revenue from these transactions is recognized
when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no significant Company
obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable is probable and
the
amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable.
(D) STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
The
Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) (“SFAS
No. 123(R)”) using the modified prospective transition method, which requires
the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first
day
of the Company’s fiscal year. The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as
of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 reflect
the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective
transition method, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for prior
periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of
SFAS No. 123(R).
The
following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to employee
stock options under SFAS No. 123(R) included in Company’s Statements of
Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and
2007:
Three
Months Ended
September 30, |
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Cost
of revenue
|
$
|
145
|
$
|
105
|
$
|
420
|
$
|
314
|
|||||
Product
development expense
|
302
|
317
|
1,015
|
858
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing expense
|
292
|
245
|
881
|
749
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
275
|
263
|
862
|
721
|
|||||||||
Total
stock based compensation included in operating expenses
|
$
|
1,014
|
$
|
930
|
$
|
3,178
|
$
|
2,642
|
9
The
per
share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three
months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $1.65 and $3.28, respectively.
The
fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions:
Three
Months Ended
September
30,
|
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Dividend
yield
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
0.0
|
%
|
|||||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
3.9%-4.0
|
%
|
4.8%-5.3
|
%
|
1.9%-4.0
|
%
|
4.7%-5.3
|
%
|
|||||
Expected
life (in years)
|
4.9
|
4.2
|
4.2-4.9
|
4.2
|
|||||||||
Historical
volatility
|
68.5
|
%
|
73.0%-73.4
|
%
|
68.5%-71.5
|
%
|
73.0%-75.7
|
%
|
Prior
to
the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, the Company applied the
intrinsic value-based method of accounting prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25
and
related interpretations including Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)
Interpretation No. 44, “Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock
Compensation: An Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25” (issued in March 2000),
to account for its fixed plan stock options. Under this method, compensation
expense was recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price
of
the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. SFAS No. 123 and SFAS No.
148,
“Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure” (an
amendment to SFAS No. 123), established accounting and disclosure requirements
using a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee
compensation plans. As permitted by the accounting standards, the Company had
elected to continue to apply the intrinsic value-based method of accounting
described above, and had adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123,
as
amended by SFAS No. 148. The Company amortized deferred compensation on a graded
vesting methodology in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting
for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Award
Plans.”
During
1998, the Company established the Stock Option and Restricted Stock Purchase
Plan (the “1998 Plan”). Under the 1998 Plan, the Board of Directors could issue
incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options to purchase up to
5,850,000 shares of common stock.
The
Company established a successor to the 1998 Plan, the 2000 Stock Incentive
Plan
(the “2000 Plan”). Under the 2000 Plan, the options which had been outstanding
under the 1998 Plan were incorporated into the 2000 Plan and the Company
increased the number of shares available for issuance under the plan by
approximately 4,150,000, thereby reserving for issuance 10,000,000 shares of
common stock in the aggregate. Options to acquire common stock granted
thereunder have ten-year terms. Pursuant to the provisions of the 2000 Plan,
the
number of shares of common stock available for issuance thereunder automatically
increases on the first trading day in each calendar year by an amount equal
to
three percent (3%) of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock
outstanding on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar year,
but in no event shall such annual increase exceed 1,500,000 shares. As of
September 30, 2008, approximately 12,586,000 shares of common stock were
reserved for issuance under the 2000 Plan (taking into account all option
exercises through September 30, 2008). As of September 30, 2008, there was
$10,487 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based
compensation arrangements. That cost is expected to be recognized over a
weighted average period of approximately 2.3 years.
A
summary
of the Company’s stock option activity and weighted average exercise prices is
as follows:
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
||||||
Options outstanding at
December 31, 2007
|
8,997,366
|
$
|
3.72
|
||||
Options
granted
|
2,265,500
|
$
|
3.25
|
||||
Options
exercised
|
(431,974
|
)
|
$
|
1.52
|
|||
Options
cancelled
|
(690,908
|
)
|
$
|
4.79
|
|||
Options
outstanding at September 30, 2008
|
10,139,984
|
$
|
3.63
|
||||
Options
exercisable at September 30, 2008
|
5,587,263
|
$
|
3.05
|
10
The
total
intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the period ended September
30,
2008 was approximately $661. The total intrinsic value of options exercisable
at
September 30, 2008 was approximately $4,045. The total intrinsic value of
options expected to vest is approximately $188.
A
summary
of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of December 31, 2007, and
changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 is as
follows:
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Grant-
Date Fair Value
|
||||||
Nonvested
Shares at December 31, 2007
|
4,349,083
|
$
|
3.18
|
||||
Granted
|
2,265,500
|
$
|
1.93
|
||||
Vested
|
(1,465,621
|
)
|
$
|
2.93
|
|||
Cancelled
|
(596,241
|
)
|
$
|
2.88
|
|||
Nonvested
Shares at September 30, 2008
|
4,552,721
|
$
|
2.79
|
(E) BASIC
AND DILUTED NET INCOME PER SHARE
The
Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of
SFAS
No. 128, “Earnings Per Share (“EPS”),” and the guidance of the SEC Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 98. Under SFAS No. 128, basic EPS excludes dilution
for common stock equivalents and is computed by dividing net income or loss
attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding for the period. All options, warrants or other potentially
dilutive instruments issued for nominal consideration are required to be
included in the calculation of basic and diluted net income attributable to
common stockholders. Diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock method
and reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock
and resulted in the issuance of common stock.
Diluted
net income per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2008 includes the effect of options to purchase 2,704,344 and 3,576,467 shares,
respectively, of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $1.37
and $1.75, respectively. Diluted net income per common share for the three
and
nine months ended September 30, 2008 does not include the effect of options
to
purchase 7,435,640 and 6,563,517 shares, respectively, of common stock. Diluted
net income per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2007 includes the effect of options to purchase 5,339,331 and 5,772,956 shares,
respectively, of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $2.05
and $2.22, respectively, and warrants to purchase 121,750 shares of common
stock
with a weighted average exercise price of $2.01. Diluted net income per common
share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 does not include
the effect of options to purchase 3,640,725 and 3,207,100 shares, respectively,
of common stock. A reconciliation of shares used in calculating basic and
diluted earnings per share follows:
Three
Months Ended
September
30,
|
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
47,229,252
|
43,080,475
|
47,433,924
|
42,469,631
|
|||||||||
Effect
of assumed exercised options and warrants
|
1,448,764
|
3,248,401
|
1,630,227
|
3,472,805
|
|||||||||
Diluted
|
48,678,016
|
46,328,876
|
49,064,151
|
45,942,436
|
11
(F) SEGMENT
REPORTING
The
Company accounts for its segment information in accordance with the provisions
of SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information” (“SFAS No. 131”). SFAS No. 131 establishes annual and interim
reporting standards for operating segments of a company. SFAS No. 131
requires disclosures of selected segment-related financial information about
products, major customers, and geographic areas based on the Company’s internal
accounting methods. Due to the acquisition of Kasamba Inc. in October 2007,
the
Company is now organized into two operating segments for purposes of making
operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company may reorganize its
operations in the future when the integration of its products and services
are
complete. The Business segment supports and manages real-time online
interactions - chat, voice/click-to-call, email and self-service/knowledgebase
and sells its products and services to global corporations of all sizes. The
Consumer segment facilitates online transactions between experts and users
and
sells its services to consumers. Both segments currently generate their revenue
primarily in the U.S. The chief operating decision-makers evaluate performance,
make operating decisions, and allocate resources based on the operating income
of each segment. The reporting segments follow the same accounting polices
used
in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and are
described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company
allocates cost of revenue, sales and marketing and amortization of purchased
intangibles to the segments, but it does not allocate product development,
general and administrative, non cash-compensation expenses and income taxes
because management does not use this information to measure performance of
the
operating segments. There are currently no inter-segment sales.
Summarized
financial information by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2008,
based on the Company’s internal financial reporting system utilized by the
Company’s chief operating decision makers, follows:
Consolidated
|
Corporate
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||||
Revenue:
|
|||||||||||||
Hosted
services
|
$
|
15,769
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
15,769
|
$
|
—
|
|||||
Expert
advice
|
2,647
|
—
|
—
|
2,647
|
|||||||||
Professional
services
|
959
|
—
|
959
|
—
|
|||||||||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
19,375
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
16,728
|
$
|
2,647
|
|||||
Cost
of revenue
|
5,226
|
—
|
4,268
|
958
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
6,624
|
—
|
4,572
|
2,052
|
|||||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
352
|
—
|
202
|
150
|
|||||||||
Unallocated
corporate expenses
|
6,698
|
6,698
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
$
|
475
|
$
|
(6,698
|
)
|
$
|
7,686
|
$
|
(513
|
)
|
Revenues
attributable to domestic and foreign operations follows:
United
States
|
$
|
14,888
|
||
United
Kingdom
|
2,250
|
|||
Other
countries
|
2,237
|
|||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
19,375
|
12
Summarized
financial information by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2008,
based on the Company’s internal financial reporting system utilized by the
Company’s chief operating decision makers, follows:
Consolidated
|
Corporate
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||||
Revenue:
|
|||||||||||||
Hosted
services
|
$
|
44,257
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
44,257
|
$
|
—
|
|||||
Expert
advice
|
8,132
|
—
|
—
|
8,132
|
|||||||||
Professional
services
|
2,659
|
—
|
2,659
|
—
|
|||||||||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
55,048
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
46,916
|
$
|
8,132
|
|||||
Cost
of revenue
|
15,346
|
—
|
12,520
|
2,826
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
18,864
|
—
|
13,356
|
5,508
|
|||||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
1,134
|
—
|
686
|
448
|
|||||||||
Unallocated
corporate expenses
|
19,910
|
19,910
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||
Operating
(loss) income
|
$
|
(206
|
)
|
$
|
(19,910
|
)
|
$
|
20,354
|
$
|
(650
|
)
|
Revenues
attributable to domestic and foreign operations follows:
United
States
|
$
|
42,599
|
||
United
Kingdom
|
6,135
|
|||
Other
countries
|
6,314
|
|||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
55,048
|
Long-lived
assets by geographic region as of September 30, 2008 are as
follows:
United
States
|
$
|
28,741
|
||
Israel
|
39,988
|
|||
Total
long-lived assets
|
$
|
68,729
|
(G) GOODWILL
AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The
changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September
30, 2008 are as follows:
Total
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||
Balance
as of December 31, 2007
|
$
|
51,684
|
$
|
18,744
|
$
|
32,940
|
||||
Adjustments
to goodwill:
|
||||||||||
Release
of valuation reserve on deferred tax asset (see Note 3)
|
(3,873
|
)
|
(3,031
|
)
|
(842
|
)
|
||||
Contingent
earnout payments
|
147
|
147
|
-
|
|||||||
Other
|
13
|
6
|
7
|
|||||||
Balance
as of September 30, 2008
|
$
|
47,971
|
$
|
15,866
|
$
|
32,105
|
13
Intangible
assets are summarized as follows:
Acquired
Intangible Assets
As
of September 30, 2008
|
||||||||||
Gross
Carrying
Amount
|
Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
||||||||
Amortizing
intangible assets:
|
||||||||||
Technology
|
$
|
4,910
|
4.0
years
|
$
|
1,228
|
|||||
Customer
contracts/customer lists
|
2,400
|
3.0
years
|
1,761
|
|||||||
Trade
names
|
630
|
3.0
years
|
210
|
|||||||
Other
|
235
|
3.0
years
|
78
|
|||||||
Total
|
$
|
8,175
|
$
|
3,277
|
Amortization
expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life
of
the asset. Aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets was $2,055
and
$1,772 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and the year ended
December 31, 2007, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the
next five years is: $579 in 2008, $1,955 in 2009, $1,444 in 2010, $920 in 2011
and $0 in 2012.
(H) RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
April
2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible
Assets” (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in
developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life
of
a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets.” FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on its
consolidated financial statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133” (“SFAS
No. 161”). This Standard requires enhanced disclosures regarding derivatives and
hedging activities, including: (a) the manner in which an entity uses
derivative instruments; (b) the manner in which derivative instruments and
related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities” and (c) the effect of derivative instruments and related hedged
items on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.
The Standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
and
interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. As SFAS No. 161 relates
specifically to disclosures, the Standard will have no impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS
No. 141(R)”).
SFAS
No. 141(R) established principles and requirements for how an acquirer
recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets
acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree,
and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141(R) also established disclosure
requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of
the
business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that
SFAS No. 141(R) will have on its accounting for past and future acquisitions
and
on its consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS No. 159"). SFAS No. 159
allows entities the option to measure at fair value eligible financial
instruments that are not currently measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007. Although the Company has adopted this standard, the Company
has not yet elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities, and
therefore the adoption of this standard has not had any impact on its financial
position or results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS No. 157"), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
SFAS
No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair
value measurements, but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS
No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with
the
exception of all non-financial assets and liabilities which will be effective
for years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted the
required provisions of SFAS No. 157 that became effective in its first quarter
of 2008. The adoption of these provisions did not have a material impact on
Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157
for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for certain items
that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements
on a
recurring basis (at least annually). The Company is currently evaluating the
impact of SFAS No. 157 on its Consolidated Financial Statements for items within
the scope of FSP 157-2, which will become effective beginning with the Company’s
first quarter of 2009.
14
(2) BALANCE
SHEET COMPONENTS
Property
and equipment is summarized as follows:
September 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
Computer
equipment and software
|
$
|
10,970
|
$
|
6,033
|
|||
Furniture,
equipment and building improvements
|
681
|
565
|
|||||
11,651
|
6,598
|
||||||
Less
accumulated depreciation
|
4,189
|
2,865
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
7,462
|
$
|
3,733
|
15
Accrued
expenses consist of the following:
September 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
Payroll
and other employee related costs
|
$
|
5,315
|
$
|
4,790
|
|||
Professional
services and consulting and other vendor fees
|
2,178
|
3,856
|
|||||
Sales
commissions
|
313
|
286
|
|||||
Restructuring
(see Note 3)
|
-
|
49
|
|||||
Other
|
560
|
210
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
8,366
|
$
|
9,191
|
(3) ASSET
ACQUISITIONS
Proficient
Systems
On
July
18, 2006, the Company acquired Proficient Systems, Inc. (“Proficient”), a
provider of hosted proactive chat solutions that help companies generate revenue
on their web sites. This transaction was accounted for under the purchase method
of accounting and, accordingly, the operating results of Proficient were
included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations from the date of
acquisition.
Based
on
the achievement of certain revenue targets as of March 31, 2007, LivePerson
was
contingently required to issue up to an additional 2,050,000 shares of common
stock. Based on these targets, the Company issued 1,127,985 shares of
common stock valued at $8,894, based on the quoted market price of the Company’s
common stock on the date the contingency was resolved, and made a cash payment
of $21 related to this contingency. At March 31, 2007, the value of these shares
has been allocated to goodwill with a corresponding increase in equity. All
1,127,985 shares are included in the weighted average shares outstanding used
in
basic and diluted net income per common share as of March 31, 2007. In
accordance with the purchase agreement, the earn-out consideration is subject
to
review by Proficient’s Shareholders’ Representative. On July 31, 2007, the
Company was served with a complaint filed in the United States District Court
for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’ Representative of
Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’ Representative seeks
certain documentation relating to calculation of the earn-out consideration,
and
seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining contingently issuable
earn-out shares. The Company believes the claims are without merit,
intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit, and does not currently expect
that the total shares issued will differ significantly from the amount issued
to
date.
The
Company initiated a restructuring plan to eliminate redundant facilities,
personnel and service providers in connection with the Proficient acquisition.
These costs were recognized as liabilities in connection with the acquisition
and have been recorded as an increase in goodwill as of the acquisition date.
16
The
balance of the accrued restructuring liability as of September 30, 2008 is
as
follows:
Balance as of
January 1, 2008
|
Provision for the
nine months ended
September 30, 2008
|
Net utilization
during the nine
months ended
September 30, 2008
|
Balance as of
September 30, 2008
|
||||||||||
Contract
terminations
|
$
|
49
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(49
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Total
|
$
|
49
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(49
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
Kasamba
Inc.
On
October 3, 2007, the Company acquired Kasamba Inc. (“Kasamba”), an online
provider of live expert advice delivered to consumers via real-time chat. This
transaction was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting and,
accordingly, the operating results of Kasamba were included in the Company’s
consolidated results of operations from October 3, 2007.
The
purchase price was $35,880, which included the issuance of 4,130,776 shares
of
the Company’s stock valued at $23,925, based on the quoted market price of the
Company’s common stock for the two days before and after the date of the
announcement, the issuance of 623,824 LivePerson options in replacement of
Kasamba options, some of which were fully vested, valued at $1,965, a cash
payment of $9,000 and acquisition costs of approximately $990. The Company
recorded goodwill in the amount of $32,940, none of which will be deductible
for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. The acquisition represents the Company’s
initial expansion beyond its historical business-to-business focus into the
business-to-consumer market, and is also expected to extend the value the
Company delivers to its growing base of business customers through a community
that will connect consumers with experts in a range of categories. All 4,130,776
shares are included in the weighted average shares outstanding used in basic
and
diluted net income per common share as of October 3, 2007. Of the total purchase
price, a net liability of $812 was allocated to the net book values of the
acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The historical carrying amounts of
such
assets and liabilities approximated their fair values. The purchase price in
excess of the fair value of the net book values of the acquired assets and
assumed liabilities was allocated to goodwill and intangible assets which are
being amortized over their expected period of benefit. The Company incurred
additional costs in the amount of $7 and reduced the valuation reserve on
acquired net operating losses in the amount of $842, resulting in a net decrease
in goodwill in the amount of $835 in the nine months ended September 30,
2008.
(4) COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
The
Company leases facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted
for
as operating leases. These leases generally require the Company to pay all
executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating
leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was approximately
$682 and $1,878, respectively. Rental expense for operating leases for the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2007 was approximately $390 and $1,165,
respectively.
17
(5) LEGAL
MATTERS
On
July
31, 2007, the Company was served with a complaint filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’
Representative of Proficient Systems, Inc. In connection with the July 2006
acquisition of Proficient, the Company was contingently required to issue up
to
2,050,000 shares of common stock based on the terms of an earn-out provision
in
the merger agreement. In accordance with the terms of the earn-out provision,
the Company issued 1,127,985 shares in the second quarter of 2007 to the
shareholders of Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’
Representative seeks certain documentation relating to calculation of the
earn-out consideration, and seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining
contingently issuable earn-out shares. The Company believes the claims are
without merit, intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit, and does
not
currently expect that the total shares issued will differ significantly from
the
amount issued to date.
The
Company is not currently party to any other legal proceedings. From time to
time, the Company may be subject to various claims and legal actions arising
in
the ordinary course of business.
18
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
LivePerson
provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and
trusted expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant,
compelling and personalized online experiences.
We
were
incorporated in the State of Delaware in November 1995 and the LivePerson
service was introduced initially in November 1998.
On
July
18, 2006, we acquired Proficient Systems, Inc. (“Proficient”), a provider of
hosted proactive chat solutions that help companies generate revenue on their
websites. The acquisition added several U.K. based financial services clients
and provided an innovative product marketing team. Under the terms of the
agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Proficient in
exchange for 2.0 million shares of our common stock, valued at $9.9 million,
paid at closing, and up to an additional 2.05 million shares based on the
achievement of certain revenue targets as of March 31, 2007. Based on these
targets, we issued approximately 1.1 million additional shares valued at $8.9
million. At March 31, 2007, the value of these shares has been allocated to
goodwill and we have included these shares in the weighted average shares
outstanding used in basic and diluted net income per share. The net intangibles
of $0.6 and $1.3 million are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on our
September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets,
respectively.
On
October 3, 2007, we acquired Kasamba Inc. (“Kasamba”), a facilitator of online
transactions between service experts who provide online advice to consumers
for
total consideration of approximately $35.9 million. The acquisition accelerated
our expansion into the business-to-consumer market, and is expected to extend
the value we deliver to our growing base of business customers through a
community that will connect consumers with experts in a range of categories.
Under the terms of the agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital
stock of Kasamba in exchange for 4,130,776 shares of our common stock, $9.0
million in cash and the assumption of 623,824 Kasamba options. The net
intangibles of $4.3 and $5.6 million are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net”
on our September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets,
respectively.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
GENERAL
Our
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
is
based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which
are
prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates,
judgments and assumptions that management believes are reasonable based upon
the
information available. We base these estimates on our historical experience,
future expectations and various other assumptions that we believe to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for
our
judgments that may not be readily apparent from other sources. These estimates
and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during
the
reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions relate to estimates of
collectibility of accounts receivable, the expected term of a client
relationship, accruals and other factors. We evaluate these estimates on an
ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different
assumptions or conditions, and any differences could be material.
The
significant accounting policies which we believe are the most critical to aid
in
fully understanding and evaluating the reported consolidated financial results
include the following:
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
LivePerson
provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and
expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant, compelling
and personalized online experiences.
19
Our
primary revenue source is from the sale of the LivePerson services under the
brand names Timpani and LivePerson. With the acquisition of Kasamba on October
3, 2007, we also facilitate online transactions between experts who provide
online advice to consumers.
The
majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related
professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. Because we
provide our application as a service, we follow the provisions of SEC Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and Emerging Issues Task
Force Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” We
charge a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority
of
our larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to
implementation. We may also charge professional service fees related to
additional training, business consulting and analysis in support of the
LivePerson services.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small
and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit
card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk,
subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the
transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur
with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than
through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for
traditional direct sales.
We
recognize monthly service revenue based upon the fee charged for the LivePerson
services, provided that there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no
significant Company obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable
is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable. Our
service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable upon
30
to 90 days’ notice without penalty. When professional service fees provide added
value to the customer on a standalone basis and there is objective and reliable
evidence of the fair value of each deliverable, we recognize professional
service fees upon completion and customer acceptance of key milestones within
each of the professional services engagements. If a professional services
arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting, we recognize the fees,
and
the related labor costs, ratably over a period of 36 months, representing our
current estimate of the term of the client relationship.
For
revenue generated from online transactions between experts and consumers, we
apply Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a
Principle versus Net as an Agent” due to the fact that we perform as an agent
without any risk of loss for collection. We collect a fee from the consumer
and
retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance to the expert. Revenue
from these transactions is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of
an
arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the
resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed
or
determinable.
STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
We
adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which
requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006,
the
first day of our fiscal year. Our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and
for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 reflect the impact of
SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method,
our Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have not been restated
to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS No. 123(R).
As
of
September 30, 2008, there was approximately $10.5 million of total unrecognized
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements.
That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
approximately 2.3 years.
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
Our
customers are primarily concentrated in the United States. We perform ongoing
credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition (except for customers
who purchase the LivePerson services by credit card via Internet download)
and
have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors
surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other
information that we believe to be reasonable, although they may change in the
future. If there is a deterioration of a customer’s credit worthiness or actual
write-offs are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of
recoverability for these receivables could be adversely affected. Our
concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number of customers.
No
single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of our total revenue in the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. One customer accounted for
approximately 16% of accounts receivable as September 30, 2008. No single
customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of accounts receivable at
December 31, 2007. We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by
$68,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2008, principally due to an
increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact
that a larger proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients
that typically have longer payment cycles. Additionally, we wrote off
approximately $16,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance
of $260,000 at September 30, 2008.
20
GOODWILL
In
accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill
and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but reviewed for
impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that would
reduce the fair value below its carrying amount. Goodwill is required to be
tested for impairment at least annually. Determining the fair value of a
reporting unit under the first step of the goodwill impairment test and
determining the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting
unit (including unrecognized intangible assets) under the second step of the
goodwill impairment test is judgmental in nature and often involves the use
of
significant estimates and assumptions. Similarly, estimates and assumptions
are
used in determining the fair value of other intangible assets. These estimates
and assumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not an impairment
charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge.
To
assist
in the process of determining goodwill impairment, we obtain appraisals from
an
independent valuation firm. In addition to the use of an independent valuation
firm, we perform internal valuation analyses and consider other market
information that is publicly available. Estimates of fair value are primarily
determined using discounted cash flows and market comparisons. These approaches
use significant estimates and assumptions including projected future cash flows
(including timing), discount rates reflecting the risk inherent in future cash
flows, perpetual growth rates, determination of appropriate market comparables
and the determination of whether a premium or discount should be applied to
comparables.
In
accordance with SFAS No. 142, we completed our annual impairment test in
the
third quarter of 2008. Based on this test, we determined that no impairment
had
occurred. Beginning in the first quarter of 2009, we are required to adopt
the
provisions of SFAS No. 157. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS
No.
157 on goodwill. We may be required to record a significant charge to earnings
in our financial statements if we determine that an impairment has occurred
under the new pronouncement.
IMPAIRMENT
OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In
accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-lived Assets,” long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and
purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value
of
an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used
is
measured by a comparison of the carrying value of an asset to estimated
undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the
carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of
the
asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be
separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the
carrying value or the fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer
depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held
for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability
sections of the balance sheet.
USE
OF ESTIMATES
The
preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires our management
to
make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts
of
assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at
the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts
of
revenue and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such
estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of goodwill, intangibles,
stock-based compensation, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets,
accounts receivable, the expected term of a client relationship, accruals and
other factors. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
21
RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
April
2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible
Assets” (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in
developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life
of
a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets.” FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2008. We are currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated
financial statements.
In
March
2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133” (“SFAS
No. 161”). This Standard requires enhanced disclosures regarding derivatives and
hedging activities, including: (a) the manner in which an entity uses
derivative instruments; (b) the manner in which derivative instruments and
related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities” and (c) the effect of derivative instruments and related hedged
items on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.
The Standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
and
interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. As SFAS No. 161 relates
specifically to disclosures, the Standard will have no impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141(R)”). SFAS No. 141(R) established principles
and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial
statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any
noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No.
141(R) also established disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of
the
nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently
evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 141(R) will have on our accounting for
past
and future acquisitions and on our consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS No. 159"). SFAS No. 159
allows entities the option to measure at fair value eligible financial
instruments that are not currently measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007. Although we have adopted this standard, we have not yet
elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities, and therefore
the
adoption of this standard has not had any impact on our financial position
or
results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS No. 157"), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
SFAS
No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair
value measurements, but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS
No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with
the
exception of all non-financial assets and liabilities which will be effective
for years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted the
required provisions of SFAS No. 157 that became effective in our first quarter
of 2008. The adoption of these provisions did not have a material impact on
Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157
for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for certain items
that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements
on a
recurring basis (at least annually). We are currently evaluating the impact
of
SFAS No. 157 on our Consolidated Financial Statements for items within the
scope
of FSP 157-2, which will become effective beginning with our first quarter
of
2009.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
REVENUE
The
majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related
professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. We charge a
monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority of our
larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to implementation.
The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations is increasing.
These companies typically have more significant implementation requirements
and
more stringent data security standards. As a result, our professional services
revenue has begun to increase. Such clients also have more sophisticated data
analysis and performance reporting requirements, and are more likely to engage
our professional services organization to provide such analysis and reporting
on
a recurring basis. As a result, it is likely that a greater proportion of our
future revenue will be generated from such ongoing professional services
work.
22
Revenue
attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 94% of total LivePerson
services revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. Revenue
attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 97% and 95% of total
LivePerson services revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30,
2007, respectively. Our service agreements typically have twelve month terms
and
are terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. Given the time
required to schedule training for our clients’ operators and our clients’
resource constraints, we have historically experienced a lag between signing
a
client contract and recognizing revenue from that client. This lag has recently
ranged from 30 to 90 days.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small
and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit
card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk,
subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the
transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur
with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than
through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for
traditional direct sales.
With
the
acquisition of Kasamba on October 3, 2007, we also facilitate online
transactions between experts who provide online advice to consumers. We collect
a fee from the user and retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance
to the expert.
We
also
have entered into contractual arrangements that complement our direct sales
force and online sales efforts. These are primarily with Web hosting and call
center service companies, pursuant to which LivePerson is paid a commission
based on revenue generated by these service companies from our referrals. To
date, revenue from such commissions has not been material.
OPERATING
EXPENSES
Our
cost
of revenue consists of:
· |
compensation
costs relating to employees who provide customer support and
implementation services to our
clients;
|
· |
compensation
costs relating to our network support
staff;
|
· |
allocated
occupancy costs and related overhead;
|
· |
the
cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses related
to
server leases, infrastructure support costs and Internet connectivity,
as
well as depreciation of certain hardware and software;
and
|
· |
the
credit card fees and related processing costs associated with the
consumer
and SMB services.
|
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel, allocated occupancy costs and
related overhead, outsourced labor and expenses for testing new versions of
our
software. Product development expenses are charged to operations as
incurred.
Our
sales
and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales
personnel and marketing personnel, online marketing, allocated occupancy costs
and related overhead, advertising, sales commissions, public relations,
promotional materials, travel expenses and trade show exhibit
expenses.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting, legal and human resources personnel,
allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, professional fees, insurance,
provision for doubtful accounts and other general corporate
expenses.
23
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we increased our allowance for
doubtful accounts by $68,000, principally due to an increase in accounts
receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger
proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically
have longer payment cycles. Additionally, wrote off approximately $16,000 of
previously reserved accounts leaving a net allowance of $260,000 at September
30, 2008. During 2007, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by
$103,000 to approximately $208,000, principally due to an increase in accounts
receivable as a result of increased sales. We base our allowance for doubtful
accounts on specifically identified credit risks of customers, historical trends
and other information that we believe to be reasonable. We adjust our allowance
for doubtful accounts when accounts previously reserved have been
collected.
NON-CASH
COMPENSATION EXPENSE
The
net
non-cash compensation amounts for the three and nine months ended September
30,
2008 and 2007 consist of:
Three
Months Ended
September
30,
|
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense related to SFAS No. 123(R)
|
$
|
1,014
|
$
|
930
|
$
|
3,178
|
$
|
2,642
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
1,014
|
$
|
930
|
$
|
3,178
|
$
|
2,642
|
PERIOD-TO-PERIOD COMPARISONS
Due to our acquisition of Kasamba in October 2007, Proficient in July 2006, and our limited operating history, we believe that comparisons of our operating results for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 with each other, or
with
those of prior periods, are not meaningful and that our historical operating
results should not be relied upon as indicative of future
performance.
Comparison
of Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and
2007
Revenue.
Total
revenue increased by 51% and 55% to $19.4 million and $55.0 million in the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from $12.8 million
and
$35.5 million in the comparable periods in 2007. Excluding Kasamba revenue
in
the amounts of $2.6 million and $8.1 million, revenue increased by 30% and
32%
to $16.7 million and $46.9 million in the three and nine months ended September
30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase
is
primarily attributable to increased revenue from existing clients in the amount
of approximately $2.2 million and $7.1 million, respectively, and, to a lesser
extent, to revenue from new clients in the amount of approximately $2.0 million
and $5.7 million, respectively, net of cancellations and an increase in
professional services revenue of approximately $203,000 and $855,000,
respectively. Our revenue growth has traditionally been driven by both newly
added clients and expansion of existing clients.
Cost
of Revenue.
Cost of
revenue consists of compensation costs relating to employees who provide
customer service to our clients, compensation costs relating to our network
support staff, the cost of supporting our hosting infrastructure, including
expenses related to server leases and Internet connectivity, as well as
depreciation of certain hardware and software, and allocated occupancy costs
and
related overhead. Cost of revenue increased by 58% and 67% to $5.2 million
and
$15.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008,
respectively, from $3.3 million and $9.2 million in the comparable period in
2007. Excluding Kasamba cost of revenue in the amounts of $651,000 and $1.9
million, cost of revenue increased by 38% and 46% to $4.6 million and $13.4
million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively,
from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable
to
costs related to additional account management and network operations personnel
to support increased client activity from existing clients and the addition
of
new clients in the amount of approximately $912,000 and $2.4 million,
respectively. The increase is also attributable to technology amortization
related to our Kasamba acquisition in the amount of $251,000 and $698,000 and
to
the depreciation recorded relating to the colocation hosting equipment in the
amounts of $275,000 and $475,000 in the three and nine months ended September
30, 2008, respectively. As a result, our gross margin in the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2008 decreased to 73% and 72%, respectively, as
compared to 74% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007,
respectively. The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations
is
increasing. These companies typically have more significant implementation
requirements and more stringent data security standards. As a result, we have
invested additional resources to support this change in the customer base and
in
anticipation of a continuation of this trend, which has increased our cost
of
revenue and decreased our gross margin. We recently completed the transition
of
our primary U.S. hosting facility from fully hosted services to a colocation
arrangement. The expected impact of this transition is a reduction in operating
expense related to third-party hosting services, partially offset by an increase
in depreciation expense related to capital expenditures for servers and related
network equipment. This transition is expected to give us more direct control
and greater deployment flexibility with regard to our hosting
infrastructure.
24
Product
Development.
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel as well as allocated occupancy costs
and related overhead. Product development costs increased by 52% and 64% to
$3.3
million and $9.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008,
respectively, from $2.2 million and $6.0 million in the comparable periods
in
2007. Excluding Kasamba product development expenses in the amounts of $789,000
and $2.3 million, product development expenses increased by 16% and 26% to
$2.5
million and $7.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008,
respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily
attributable to costs related to additional product development personnel to
support the continuing development of our product line as we broaden the range
of services we offer to include a fully integrated, multi-channel software
platform in the amount of $606,000 and $1.7 million, respectively.
Sales
and Marketing.
Our
sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for
sales and marketing personnel, as well as advertising, public relations and
trade show exhibit expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased by 86%
and
80% to $6.6 million and $18.9 million in the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2008, respectively from $3.6 million and $10.5 million in the
comparable periods in 2007. Excluding Kasamba sales and marketing expenses
in
the amounts of $2.1 million and $5.5 million, sales and marketing expenses
increased by 29% and 28% to $4.6 million and $13.4 million in the three and
nine
months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods
in
2007. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in costs related
to
additional sales and marketing personnel of approximately $1.1 million and
$2.7
million related to our continued efforts to enhance our brand recognition and
increase sales lead activity.
General
and Administrative.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting, human resources and administrative
personnel. General and administrative expenses increased by 49% and 58% to
$3.4
million and $10.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30,
2008,
respectively from $2.3 million and $6.4 million in the comparable periods in
2007. Excluding Kasamba general and administrative expenses in the amount of
$243,000 and $827,000, general and administrative expenses increased by 39%
and
45% to $3.2 million and $9.2 million in the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This
increase is primarily attributable to increases in compensation and related
expenses in the amount of $436,000 and $1.3 million, respectively, and to an
increase in professional services and recruiting in the amount of $241,000
and
$893,000, respectively. This increase is also attributable to increases in
rent
and occupancy costs related to an expansion of our Israeli offices in the amount
of approximately $297,000 and $707,000, respectively.
Amortization
of Intangibles.
Amortization expense was $352,000 and $1.1 million in the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2008, compared to $242,000 and $725,000 in the comparable
periods in 2007, respectively. Amortization expense in 2008 relates primarily
to
acquisition costs recorded as a result of our acquisition of Kasamba in October
2007. Amortization expense in 2007 relates to acquisition costs recorded as
a
result of our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of Proficient in July
2006.
Other
(Expense) Income.
Financial expense related to unfavorable currency movements was $123,000 and
$125,000 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to
financial income from favorable currency movements of $26,000 and $5,000 in
the
comparable periods in 2007, respectively. Interest income was $79,000 and
$270,000 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to
$283,000 and $739,000 in the comparable periods in 2007, respectively, and
consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents generated by the
receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2000 and preferred
stock
issuances in 2000 and 1999 and, to a lesser extent, cash provided by operating
activities. These decreases are primarily attributable to decreases in
short-term interest rates and smaller balances in interest bearing accounts
as a
result of our acquisition of Kasamba in October 2007.
25
Provision
for (Benefit from) Income Taxes.
Income
tax expense was $21,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2008. Benefit
from income taxes was $68,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
Income tax expense was $0 and $0 in the three and nine months ended September
30, 2007 because we reduced our valuation allowance against deferred tax assets
resulting in an effective tax rate of zero.
Net
Income. We
had
net income of $410,000 and $7,000 in the three and nine months ended September
30, 2008, compared to net income of $1.6 million and $3.4 million for the
comparable periods in 2007. Revenue increased by $6.6 million and $19.6 million,
respectively, while operating expenses increased by $7.4 million and $22.5
million, respectively, contributing to a net decrease in income from operations
of approximately $802,000 and $2.9 million, respectively, along with a decrease
in other income of $353,000 and $599,000, respectively.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As
of
September 30, 2008, we had approximately $23.8 million in cash and cash
equivalents, a decrease of approximately $2.5 million from December 31, 2007.
This decrease is primarily attributable to the purchases of property and
equipment and, to a lesser extent, to the repurchase of common stock. We
regularly invest excess funds in short-term money market funds that provide
daily access to the full liquidity of the amount on deposit.
Net
cash
provided by operating activities was $6.3 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2008 and consisted primarily of non-cash expenses related to
the
adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), to the amortization of intangibles, and to
increases in accounts payable and deferred revenue, partially offset by an
increase in accounts receivable, a decrease in accrued expenses, and an increase
in prepaid expenses. Net cash provided by operating activities was $4.6 million
for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and consisted primarily of net
income and non-cash expenses related to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) and
to
the amortization of intangibles and an increase in accrued expenses, partially
offset by increases in deferred taxes and, accounts receivable.
Net
cash
used in investing activities was $5.6 million and $1.0 million in the nine
months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and was due primarily
to
the purchase of fixed assets and, to a lesser extent, to the payment of
acquisition costs.
Net
cash
used in financing activities was $3.0 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2008 and consisted primarily of the repurchase of common stock
partially offset by the proceeds from the issuance of common stock in connection
with the exercise of stock options by employees. Net cash provided by financing
activities was $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and
consisted of the excess tax benefit from the exercise of employee stock options
and proceeds from the issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise
of stock options by employees.
We
have
incurred significant costs to develop our technology and services, to hire
employees in our customer service, sales, marketing and administration
departments, and for the amortization of intangible assets, as well as non-cash
compensation costs. Historically, we incurred significant quarterly net losses
from inception through June 30, 2003, significant negative cash flows from
operations in our quarterly periods from inception through December 31, 2002
and
negative cash flows from operations of $124,000 in the three month period ended
March 31, 2004. As of September 30, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $93.4 million. These losses have been funded primarily through
the
issuance of common stock in our initial public offering and, prior to the
initial public offering, the issuance of convertible preferred
stock.
We
anticipate that our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to
satisfy our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next
12
months. However, we cannot assure you that we will not require additional funds
prior to such time, and we would then seek to sell additional equity or debt
securities through public financings, or seek alternative sources of financing.
We cannot assure you that additional funding will be available on favorable
terms, when needed, if at all. If we are unable to obtain any necessary
additional financing, we may be required to further reduce the scope of our
planned sales and marketing and product development efforts, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating
results. In addition, we may require additional funds in order to fund more
rapid expansion, to develop new or enhanced services or products or to invest
in
complementary businesses, technologies, services or products.
26
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
We
do not
have any special purposes entities, and other than operating leases, which
are
described below, we do not engage in off-balance sheet financing
arrangements.
We
lease
facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted for as operating
leases. These leases generally require us to pay all executory costs such as
maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases for the three
and
nine months ended September 30, 2008 was approximately $682,000 and $1.9
million, respectively, and approximately $390,000 and $1.2 million for the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2007.
As
of
September 30, 2008, our principal commitments were approximately $8.0 million
under various operating leases, of which approximately $1.0 million is due
in
2008. We do not currently expect that our principal commitments for the year
ending December 31, 2008 will exceed $4.0 million in the aggregate. Our capital
expenditures are not currently expected to exceed $8.0 million in
2008.
27
Our
contractual obligations at September 30, 2008 are summarized as
follows:
Payments due by period
|
||||||||||||||||
(in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
Obligations
|
Total
|
Less than 1
year |
1-3
years
|
3-5
years
|
More than 5
years
|
|||||||||||
Operating
leases
|
$
|
8,018
|
$
|
3,879
|
$
|
4,066
|
$
|
73
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
8,018
|
$
|
3,879
|
$
|
4,066
|
$
|
73
|
$
|
—
|
ITEM
3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
Currency
Rate Fluctuations
As
a
result of the expanding scope of our Israeli operations, our currency rate
fluctuation risk associated with the exchange rate movement of the U.S. dollar
against the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) has increased. During the nine months
ended September 30, 2008, the depreciation of the U.S dollar against the NIS
has
had an increased adverse impact on our results of operations and financial
condition compared to earlier periods. We evaluate appropriate hedging
strategies to mitigate currency rate fluctuation risks on an ongoing basis.
The
functional currency of our wholly-owned Israeli subsidiaries, HumanClick Ltd.
and Kasamba Ltd., is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of our
operations in the United Kingdom is the U.K. pound. We have not used derivative
financial instruments to limit our foreign currency risk exposure.
Collection
Risk
Our
accounts receivable are subject, in the normal course of business, to collection
risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and
business practices to protect against the adverse effects of collection risks.
We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts in the nine months ended
September 30, 2008 by $68,000 principally due to an increase in accounts
receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger
proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically
have longer payment cycles. Additionally, we wrote off approximately
$16,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance of $260,000
at
September 30, 2008. During 2007, we increased our allowance for doubtful
accounts by $103,000 to approximately $208,000, principally due to an increase
in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We wrote off
approximately $6,000 of previously reserved accounts during the nine months
ended September 30, 2008. We did not write off any accounts during the year
ended December 31, 2007.
Interest
Rate Risk
Our
investments consist of cash and cash equivalents. Therefore, changes in the
market’s interest rates do not affect in any material respect the value of the
investments as recorded by us.
ITEM
4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
evaluated the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures,” as that
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange
Act
of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of September 30, 2008. Based on
that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of
September 30, 2008 to ensure that the information we are required to disclose
in
the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the
Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that such
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
28
Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There
were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
quarter ended September 30, 2008 identified in connection with the evaluation
thereof by our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely
to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting except that
we
have integrated the Kasamba operations and have begun to incorporate these
operations as part of our internal controls. We expect our assessment of these
changes in internal control to be completed in 2008.
Limitations
of the Effectiveness of Internal Control
A
control
system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable,
not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the internal control system
are
met. Because of the inherent limitations of any internal control system, no
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues,
if any, within a company have been detected.
29
PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM
1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On
July
31, 2007, we were served with a complaint filed in the United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’ Representative
of
Proficient Systems, Inc.
In
connection with the July 2006 acquisition of Proficient, we were contingently
required to issue up to 2,050,000 shares of common stock based on the terms
of
an earn-out provision in the merger agreement. In accordance with the terms
of
the earn-out provision, we issued 1,127,985 shares in the second quarter of
2007
to the shareholders of Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’
Representative seeks certain documentation relating to calculation of the
earn-out consideration, and seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining
contingently issuable earn-out shares. We believe
the
claims are without merit, intend
to
vigorously defend against this
lawsuit, and do not currently expect that the total shares issued will differ
significantly from the amount issued to date.
On
January 29, 2008, we filed a complaint in the United States District Court
for
the District of Delaware against NextCard, LLC and Marshall Credit Strategies,
LLC, seeking a declaratory judgment that a patent purportedly owned by the
defendants is invalid and not infringed by our products. On March 18, 2008,
we
amended our complaint to add a second patent to the case. Monetary relief is
not
sought. On April 30, 2008, NextCard, LLC filed a complaint in the United States
District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, asserting infringement of
these same two patents by us, and seeking monetary damages and an injunction.
We
believe the claims are without merit, and intend to vigorously defend against
this lawsuit. We are presently unable to estimate the likely costs of the
litigation of these legal proceedings. We expect our operations to continue
without interruption during the period of litigation.
We
are
not currently party to any other legal proceedings. From time to time, we may
be
subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course
of
business.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS
Risks
that could have a material and adverse impact on our business, results of
operations and financial condition include, without limitation, the following:
risks related to the operational integration of acquisitions; risks related
to
our increased operations in the direct-to-consumer market; risks related to
our
international operations, particularly our operations in Israel, and the civil
and political unrest in that region; volatility of the value of certain
currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar, particularly the New Israeli Shekel,
U.K. pound and Euro; our history of losses; potential fluctuations in our
quarterly and annual results; impairments to goodwill that result in significant
charges to earnings; responding to rapid technological change and changing
client preferences; competition in the real-time sales, marketing, customer
service and online engagement solutions market; continued use by our clients
of
the LivePerson services and their purchase of additional services; technology
systems beyond our control and technology-related defects that could disrupt
the
LivePerson services; risks related to adverse business conditions experienced
by
our clients; our dependence on key employees; competition for qualified
personnel; the impact of new accounting rules, including the requirement to
expense stock options; the possible unavailability of financing as and if
needed; risks related to protecting our intellectual property rights or
potential infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties;
our
dependence on the continued use of the Internet as a medium for commerce and
the
viability of the infrastructure of the Internet; and risks related to the
regulation or possible misappropriation of personal information. This list
is
intended to identify only certain of the principal factors that could cause
actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.
Readers are referred to the reports and documents filed from time to time by
us
with the Securities and Exchange Commission for a discussion of these and other
important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from those
discussed in forward-looking statements. A more detailed description of each
of
these and other important risk factors can be found under the caption “Risk
Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 14,
2008.
There
are
no material changes to the risk factors described in the Form 10-K.
30
ITEM
2. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
On
March
10, 2008, our Board of Directors approved an extension of our existing stock
repurchase program through the end of the first quarter of 2009. The program,
originally announced in February 2007, was due to expire at the end of the
first
quarter of 2008.
Under
the
stock repurchase program, we are authorized to repurchase shares of our common
stock, in the open market or privately negotiated transactions, at times and
prices considered appropriate by our Board of Directors depending upon
prevailing market conditions and other corporate considerations, up to an
aggregate purchase price of $8.0 million. Through September 30, 2008, we had
spent a total of approximately $3.6 million to acquire approximately 1.1 million
shares of our common stock. Our Board of Directors may discontinue the program
at any time.
The
following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock under our stock
repurchase program during the quarter ended September 30, 2008:
Period
|
Total Number of
Shares Purchased |
Average
Price Paid
per Share |
Total
Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
Approximate
Dollar
Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
|||||||||
7/1/2008
– 7/31/2008
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
8/1/2008
– 8/31/2008
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
9/1/2008
– 9/30/2008
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
Total
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
ITEM
6. EXHIBITS
The
following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q:
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
|
||
(Registrant)
|
||
Date:
November 7, 2008
|
By:
|
/s/
ROBERT P. LOCASCIO
|
Name:
|
Robert
P. LoCascio
|
|
Title:
|
Chief
Executive Officer (duly authorized officer)
|
|
Date:
November 7, 2008
|
By:
|
/s/
TIMOTHY E. BIXBY
|
Name:
|
Timothy
E. Bixby
|
|
Title:
|
President
and Chief Financial Officer (principal
financial and accounting officer) |
32
EXHIBIT
INDEX
EXHIBIT
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
33