LIVEPERSON INC - Quarter Report: 2008 June (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-Q
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the quarterly period ended JUNE 30, 2008
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the transition period from ____________________ to
____________________
Commission
file number: 0-30141
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
|
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
Charter)
|
DELAWARE
|
13-3861628
|
|
(State
or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation
or Organization)
|
(IRS
Employer Identification No.)
|
462
SEVENTH AVENUE
NEW
YORK, NEW YORK
|
10018
|
|
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(212)
609-4200
|
(Registrant’s
Telephone Number, Including Area
Code)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days.
Yes
x
No
¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or
a
smaller reporting company.
See
definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one).
Large accelerated filer ¨
|
Accelerated filer x
|
Non-accelerated filer ¨
|
Smaller reporting company ¨
|
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
|
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes
¨
No
x
As
of
August 5, 2008, there were 47,214,501 shares of the issuer’s common stock
outstanding.
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
JUNE
30, 2008
FORM
10-Q
INDEX
PAGE
|
||
PART
I.
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
4
|
ITEM
1.
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
4
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AS OF JUNE 30, 2008 (UNAUDITED) AND DECEMBER
31, 2007
|
4
|
|
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE AND
SIX
MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 AND 2007
|
5
|
|
UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE SIX MONTHS
ENDED
JUNE 30, 2008 AND 2007
|
6
|
|
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
8
|
|
ITEM
2.
|
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
19
|
ITEM
3.
|
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
|
28
|
ITEM
4.
|
CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
|
28
|
PART
II.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
30
|
ITEM
1.
|
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
|
30
|
ITEM
1A.
|
RISK
FACTORS
|
30
|
ITEM
2.
|
PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
|
31
|
ITEM
6.
|
EXHIBITS
|
31
|
2
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
STATEMENTS
IN THIS REPORT ABOUT LIVEPERSON, INC. THAT ARE NOT HISTORICAL FACTS ARE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BASED ON OUR CURRENT EXPECTATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS,
ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS ABOUT LIVEPERSON AND OUR INDUSTRY. THESE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD
CAUSE ACTUAL FUTURE EVENTS OR RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM SUCH STATEMENTS.
ANY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE MADE PURSUANT TO THE SAFE HARBOR
PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995. IT IS
ROUTINE FOR OUR INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS TO CHANGE AS THE YEAR
OR
EACH QUARTER IN THE YEAR PROGRESS, AND THEREFORE IT SHOULD BE CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD
THAT THE INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND BELIEFS UPON WHICH WE BASE OUR EXPECTATIONS
MAY CHANGE PRIOR TO THE END OF EACH QUARTER OR THE YEAR. ALTHOUGH THESE
EXPECTATIONS MAY CHANGE, WE ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO INFORM YOU IF THEY DO.
OUR COMPANY POLICY IS GENERALLY TO PROVIDE OUR EXPECTATIONS ONLY ONCE PER
QUARTER, AND NOT TO UPDATE THAT INFORMATION UNTIL THE NEXT QUARTER. ACTUAL
EVENTS OR RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE PROJECTIONS
OR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO SUCH
DIFFERENCES INCLUDE THOSE DISCUSSED IN PART II, ITEM 1A, “RISK
FACTORS.”
3
PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM
1. CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
June 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
(Unaudited)
|
(Note 1(B))
|
||||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
23,450
|
$
|
26,222
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $260 and $208
as of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively
|
6,665
|
6,026
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
2,167
|
1,802
|
|||||
Deferred
tax assets, net
|
2,302
|
42
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
34,584
|
34,092
|
|||||
Property
and equipment, net
|
6,064
|
3,733
|
|||||
Intangibles,
net
|
5,557
|
6,953
|
|||||
Goodwill
|
48,775
|
51,684
|
|||||
Deferred
tax assets, net
|
4,838
|
4,202
|
|||||
Security
deposits
|
348
|
499
|
|||||
Other
assets
|
1,615
|
1,325
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
101,781
|
$
|
102,488
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$
|
4,990
|
$
|
3,067
|
|||
Accrued
expenses
|
7,206
|
9,191
|
|||||
Deferred
revenue
|
4,865
|
4,000
|
|||||
Deferred
tax liabilities, net
|
-
|
193
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
17,061
|
16,451
|
|||||
Other
liabilities
|
1,615
|
1,325
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
|||||||
Stockholders’
equity:
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized, 0
shares
issued and outstanding at June 30, 2008 and December 31,
2007
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Common
stock, $.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized,
47,192,822 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2008 and 47,892,128
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007
|
47
|
48
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
176,850
|
178,041
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(93,761
|
)
|
(93,358
|
)
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
(31
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
83,105
|
84,712
|
|||||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
101,781
|
$
|
102,488
|
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
4
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
UNAUDITED
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
18,588
|
$
|
11,661
|
$
|
35,673
|
$
|
22,630
|
|||||
Operating
expenses:
|
|||||||||||||
Cost
of revenue
|
5,234
|
3,105
|
10,120
|
5,894
|
|||||||||
Product
development
|
3,503
|
2,044
|
6,577
|
3,864
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
6,443
|
3,512
|
12,241
|
6,914
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative
|
3,455
|
2,057
|
6,635
|
4,079
|
|||||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
391
|
242
|
782
|
483
|
|||||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
19,026
|
10,960
|
36,355
|
21,234
|
|||||||||
(Loss)
income from operations
|
(438
|
)
|
701
|
(682
|
)
|
1,396
|
|||||||
Other
income:
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
108
|
212
|
189
|
435
|
|||||||||
(Loss)
income before benefit from income taxes
|
(330
|
)
|
913
|
(493
|
)
|
1,831
|
|||||||
Benefit
from income taxes
|
(139
|
)
|
-
|
(90
|
)
|
-
|
|||||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(191
|
)
|
$
|
913
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
$
|
1,831
|
|||
Basic
net (loss) income per common share
|
$
|
(0.00
|
)
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.01
|
)
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||
Diluted
net (loss) income per common share
|
$
|
(0.00
|
)
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
(0.01
|
)
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in basic net (loss) income per common
share calculation
|
47,182,068
|
43,011,309
|
47,537,385
|
42,159,146
|
|||||||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in diluted net (loss) income per
common
share calculation
|
47,182,068
|
46,726,357
|
47,537,385
|
45,757,843
|
Loss
from
operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 includes stock-based
compensation expense related to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) in the amount
of
$1,204 and $2,164, respectively. Income from operations for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2007 includes stock-based compensation expense related
to
the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) in the amount of $898 and $1,712, respectively.
See Note 1(D).
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
5
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN
THOUSANDS)
UNAUDITED
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
CASH FLOWS
FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
$
|
1,831
|
||
Adjustments
to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
2,164
|
1,712
|
|||||
Depreciation
|
798
|
438
|
|||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
1,396
|
650
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
(251
|
)
|
(2,084
|
)
|
|||
Provision
for doubtful accounts
|
68
|
20
|
|||||
CHANGES
IN OPERATING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES:
|
|||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(707
|
)
|
(788
|
)
|
|||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
(365
|
)
|
15
|
||||
Security
deposits
|
150
|
27
|
|||||
Accounts
payable
|
1,545
|
(394
|
)
|
||||
Accrued
expenses
|
(1,656
|
)
|
205
|
||||
Deferred
revenue
|
865
|
549
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
3,604
|
2,181
|
|||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Purchases
of property and equipment, including capitalized software
|
(2,988
|
)
|
(530
|
)
|
|||
Prepaid
acquisition costs
|
-
|
(58
|
)
|
||||
Acquisition
of Kasamba
|
(108
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Acquisition
of Proficient
|
(104
|
)
|
(28
|
)
|
|||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(3,200
|
)
|
(616
|
)
|
|||
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Excess
tax benefit from the exercise of employee stock options
|
-
|
1,809
|
|||||
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of
options
|
516
|
1,436
|
|||||
Repurchase
of common stock
|
(3,680
|
)
|
-
|
||||
Net
cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
(3,164
|
)
|
3,245
|
||||
Effect
of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents
|
(12
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
|||
Net
(decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
(2,772
|
)
|
4,805
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
|
26,222
|
21,729
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the end of the period
|
$
|
23,450
|
$
|
26,534
|
Supplemental
disclosure of non-cash investing activities:
Cash
flows from investing for the six months ended June 30, 2008 does not include
the
purchases of approximately $1,400 of capitalized equipment related to the
Company’s colocation facility as the corresponding invoices are included in
accounts payable at June 30, 2008, and therefore did not have an impact on
cash
flows for the period.
6
During
the six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company incurred approximately $450
of
acquisition costs related to its expected acquisition. This amount is included
in accrued expenses at June 30, 2007.
During
the six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company issued 1,129,571 shares of
common stock, valued at $8,901, in connection with the acquisition of Proficient
Systems, Inc. on July 18, 2006.
During
the six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company reduced the amount of accrued
restructuring costs related to the Proficient acquisition in the amount of
approximately $197.
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
7
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
NOTES
TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
(1) SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(A) SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS
LivePerson,
Inc. (the “Company” or “LivePerson”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware
in 1995. The Company commenced operations in 1996. LivePerson provides online
engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and expert advice.
The
Company’s primary revenue source is the sale of the LivePerson services under
the brand names Timpani and LivePerson. The Company also facilitates online
transactions between service providers (“experts”) who provide expert online
advice to consumers (“users”). Headquartered in New York City, the Company’s
product development staff, help desk, online sales support and the Kasamba
operations are located in Israel. The Company also maintains offices in Atlanta
and the United Kingdom.
(B) UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2008
and
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are unaudited. In
the
opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and
reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments,
necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of LivePerson
as
of June 30, 2008, and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows
for
the interim periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The financial data and other
information disclosed in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial
statements related to these periods are unaudited. The results of operations
for
any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations
for any other future interim period or for a full fiscal year. The condensed
consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2007 has been derived from audited
consolidated financial statements at that date.
Certain
information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been
condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities
and
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December
31, 2007, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the
SEC on March 14, 2008.
(C) REVENUE
RECOGNITION
The
majority of the Company’s revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and
related professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. Because
the Company provides its application as a service, the Company follows the
provisions of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and
Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables”. The Company charges a monthly fee, which varies by service and
client usage. The majority of the Company’s larger clients also pay a
professional services fee related to implementation. The Company may also charge
professional service fees related to additional training, business consulting
and analysis in support of the LivePerson services.
The
Company also sells certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet
download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact
Center for small and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost
exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce
the Company’s collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back
cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and
LivePerson Contact Center may occur with or without the assistance of an online
sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact
that
is typically required for traditional direct sales.
8
The
Company recognizes monthly service revenue based upon the fee charged for the
LivePerson services, provided that there is persuasive evidence of an
arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the
resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed
or
determinable. The Company’s service agreements typically have twelve month terms
and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. When professional
service fees provide added value to the customer on a standalone basis and
there
is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of each deliverable, the
Company recognizes professional service fees upon completion and customer
acceptance of key milestones within each of the professional services
engagements. If a professional services arrangement does not qualify for
separate accounting, the Company recognizes the fees, and the related labor
costs, ratably over a period of 36 months, representing the Company’s current
estimate of the term of the client relationship.
For
revenue generated from online transactions between experts and consumers, the
Company applies Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, “Reporting Revenue
Gross as a Principle versus Net as an Agent” due to the fact that the Company
performs as an agent without any risk of loss for collection. The Company
collects a fee from the consumer and retains a portion of the fee, and then
remits the balance to the expert. Revenue from these transactions is recognized
when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no significant Company
obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable is probable and
the
amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable.
(D)
STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
The
Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) (“SFAS
No. 123(R)”) using the modified prospective transition method, which requires
the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first
day
of the Company’s fiscal year. The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as
of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 reflect the
impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective
transition method, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for prior
periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of
SFAS No. 123(R).
The
following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to employee
stock options under SFAS No. 123(R) included in Company’s Statements of
Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Cost
of revenue
|
$
|
161
|
$
|
113
|
$
|
275
|
$
|
209
|
|||||
Product
development expense
|
422
|
286
|
714
|
541
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing expense
|
300
|
257
|
589
|
504
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
321
|
242
|
586
|
458
|
|||||||||
Total
stock based compensation included in operating expenses
|
$
|
1,204
|
$
|
898
|
$
|
2,164
|
$
|
1,712
|
9
The
per
share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $1.97 and $4.18, respectively. The
fair
value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Dividend
yield
|
0.0%
|
|
0.0%
|
|
0.0%
|
|
0.0%
|
|
|||||
Risk-free interest rate
|
1.9%-3.9%
|
|
4.7%
|
|
1.9%-3.9%
|
|
4.7%-4.9%
|
|
|||||
Expected life (in years)
|
4.9
|
4.2
|
4.2-4.9
|
4.2
|
|||||||||
Historical volatility
|
69.9%-70.5%
|
|
74.2%
|
|
69.9%-71.5%
|
|
74.2%-75.7%
|
|
Prior
to
the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, the Company applied the
intrinsic value-based method of accounting prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25
and
related interpretations including Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)
Interpretation No. 44, “Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock
Compensation: An Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25” (issued in March 2000),
to account for its fixed plan stock options. Under this method, compensation
expense was recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price
of
the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. SFAS No. 123 and SFAS No.
148,
“Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure” (an
amendment to SFAS No. 123), established accounting and disclosure requirements
using a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee
compensation plans. As permitted by the accounting standards, the Company had
elected to continue to apply the intrinsic value-based method of accounting
described above, and had adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123,
as
amended by SFAS No. 148. The Company amortized deferred compensation on a graded
vesting methodology in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting
for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Award
Plans.”
During
1998, the Company established the Stock Option and Restricted Stock Purchase
Plan (the “1998 Plan”). Under the 1998 Plan, the Board of Directors could issue
incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options to purchase up to
5,850,000 shares of common stock.
The
Company established a successor to the 1998 Plan, the 2000 Stock Incentive
Plan
(the “2000 Plan”). Under the 2000 Plan, the options which had been outstanding
under the 1998 Plan were incorporated into the 2000 Plan and the Company
increased the number of shares available for issuance under the plan by
approximately 4,150,000, thereby reserving for issuance 10,000,000 shares of
common stock in the aggregate. Options to acquire common stock granted
thereunder have ten-year terms. Pursuant to the provisions of the 2000 Plan,
the
number of shares of common stock available for issuance thereunder automatically
increases on the first trading day in each calendar year by an amount equal
to
three percent (3%) of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock
outstanding on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar year,
but in no event shall such annual increase exceed 1,500,000 shares. As of June
30, 2008, approximately 12,693,000 shares of common stock were reserved for
issuance under the 2000 Plan (taking into account all option exercises through
June 30, 2008). As of June 30, 2008, there was $11,707 of total unrecognized
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements.
That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
approximately 2.2 years.
A
summary
of the Company’s stock option activity and weighted average exercise prices is
as follows:
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
||||||
Options outstanding at December 31,
2007
|
8,997,366
|
$
|
3.72
|
||||
Options
granted
|
2,009,500
|
$
|
3.31
|
||||
Options
exercised
|
(373,493
|
)
|
$
|
1.38
|
|||
Options
cancelled
|
(390,158
|
)
|
$
|
5.05
|
|||
Options
outstanding at June 30, 2008
|
10,243,215
|
$
|
3.67
|
||||
Options
exercisable at June 30, 2008
|
5,185,559
|
$
|
2.98
|
10
The
total
intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the period ended June 30,
2008
was approximately $540. The total intrinsic value of options exercisable at
June
30, 2008 was approximately $3,843. The total intrinsic value of options expected
to vest is approximately $156.
A
summary
of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of December 31, 2007, and
changes during the six months ended June 30, 2008 is as follows:
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Grant-
Date Fair Value
|
||||||
Nonvested Shares at December 31,
2007
|
4,349,083
|
$
|
3.18
|
||||
Granted
|
2,009,500
|
$
|
1.97
|
||||
Vested
|
(977,186
|
)
|
$
|
3.15
|
|||
Cancelled
|
(323,741
|
)
|
$
|
3.14
|
|||
Nonvested
Shares at June 30, 2008
|
5,057,656
|
$
|
2.69
|
(E) BASIC
AND DILUTED NET INCOME PER SHARE
The
Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of
SFAS
No. 128, “Earnings Per Share (“EPS”),” and the guidance of the SEC Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 98. Under SFAS No. 128, basic EPS excludes dilution
for common stock equivalents and is computed by dividing net income or loss
attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding for the period. All options, warrants or other potentially
dilutive instruments issued for nominal consideration are required to be
included in the calculation of basic and diluted net income attributable to
common stockholders. Diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock method
and reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock
and resulted in the issuance of common stock.
Diluted
net income per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
does not include the effect of assumed exercised options or warrants because
the
Company reported a net loss from continuing operations and, therefore, all
common stock equivalents are anti-dilutive. Diluted net income per common share
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 does not include the effect
of
options and warrants to purchase 6,724,454 and 6,284,516 shares of common stock.
Diluted net income per common share for the three and six months ended June
30,
2007 includes the effect of options to purchase 6,508,256 and 6,109,006 shares,
respectively, of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $2.54
and $2.31, respectively, and warrants to purchase 137,500 shares of common
stock
with a weighted average exercise price of $1.86. Diluted net income per common
share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 does not include the
effect of options to purchase 2,533,600 and 2,932,850 shares, respectively,
of
common stock. A reconciliation of shares used in calculating basic and diluted
earnings per share follows:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Basic
|
47,182,068
|
43,011,309
|
47,537,385
|
42,159,146
|
|||||||||
Effect
of assumed exercised options and warrants
|
-
|
3,715,048
|
-
|
3,598,697
|
|||||||||
Diluted
|
47,182,068
|
46,726,357
|
47,537,385
|
45,757,843
|
11
(F) SEGMENT
REPORTING
The
Company accounts for its segment information in accordance with the provisions
of SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information” (“SFAS No. 131”). SFAS No. 131 establishes annual and interim
reporting standards for operating segments of a company. SFAS No. 131
requires disclosures of selected segment-related financial information about
products, major customers, and geographic areas based on the Company’s internal
accounting methods. Due to the acquisition of Kasamba Inc. in October 2007,
the
Company is now organized into two operating segments for purposes of making
operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company may reorganize its
operations in the future when the integration of its products and services
are
complete. The Business segment supports and manages real-time online
interactions – chat, voice/click-to-call, email and self-service/knowledgebase
and sells its products and services to global corporations of all sizes. The
Consumer segment facilitates online transactions between experts and users
and
sells its services to consumers. Both segments currently generate their revenue
primarily in the U.S. The chief operating decision-makers evaluate performance,
make operating decisions, and allocate resources based on the operating income
of each segment. The reporting segments follow the same accounting polices
used
in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and are
described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company
allocates cost of revenue, sales and marketing and amortization of purchased
intangibles to the segments, but it does not allocate product development,
general and administrative, non cash-compensation expenses and income taxes
because management does not use this information to measure performance of
the
operating segments. There are currently no inter-segment sales.
Summarized
financial information by segment for the three months ended June 30, 2008,
based
on the Company’s internal financial reporting system utilized by the Company’s
chief operating decision makers, follows:
Consolidated
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||
Revenue:
|
||||||||||
Hosted
services
|
$
|
14,779
|
$
|
14,779
|
$
|
—
|
||||
Expert
advice
|
2,801
|
—
|
2,801
|
|||||||
Professional
services
|
1,008
|
1,008
|
—
|
|||||||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
18,588
|
$
|
15,787
|
$
|
2,801
|
||||
Cost
of revenue
|
5,234
|
4,258
|
976
|
|||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
6,443
|
4,701
|
1,742
|
|||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
391
|
242
|
149
|
|||||||
Unallocated
corporate expenses
|
6,958
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Operating
(loss) income
|
$
|
(438
|
)
|
$
|
6,586
|
$
|
(66
|
)
|
Revenues
attributable to domestic and foreign operations follows:
United
States
|
$
|
14,379
|
||
United
Kingdom
|
2,112
|
|||
Other
countries
|
2,097
|
|||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
18,588
|
12
Summarized
financial information by segment for the six months ended June 30, 2008, based
on the Company’s internal financial reporting system utilized by the Company’s
chief operating decision makers, follows:
Consolidated
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||
Revenue:
|
||||||||||
Hosted
services
|
$
|
28,488
|
$
|
28,488
|
$
|
—
|
||||
Expert
advice
|
5,485
|
—
|
5,485
|
|||||||
Professional
services
|
1,700
|
1,700
|
—
|
|||||||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
35,673
|
$
|
30,188
|
$
|
5,485
|
||||
Cost
of revenue
|
10,120
|
8,252
|
1,868
|
|||||||
Sales
and marketing
|
12,241
|
8,784
|
3,457
|
|||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
782
|
484
|
298
|
|||||||
Unallocated
corporate expenses
|
13,212
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Operating
(loss) income
|
$
|
(682
|
)
|
$
|
12,668
|
$
|
(138
|
)
|
Revenues
attributable to domestic and foreign operations follows:
United
States
|
$
|
27,711
|
||
United
Kingdom
|
3,885
|
|||
Other
countries
|
4,077
|
|||
Total
revenue
|
$
|
35,673
|
Long-lived
assets by geographic region as of June 30, 2008 are as follows:
United
States
|
$
|
25,856
|
||
Israel
|
41,341
|
|||
Total
long-lived assets
|
$
|
67,197
|
(G) GOODWILL
AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The
changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30,
2008 are as follows:
Total
|
Business
|
Consumer
|
||||||||
Balance
as of December 31, 2007
|
$
|
51,684
|
$
|
18,744
|
$
|
32,940
|
||||
Adjustments
to goodwill:
|
||||||||||
Release
of valuation reserve on deferred tax asset (see Note 3)
|
(3,031
|
)
|
(3,031
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
Contingent
earnout payments
|
115
|
115
|
-
|
|||||||
Other
|
7
|
-
|
7
|
|||||||
Balance
as of June 30, 2008
|
$
|
48,775
|
$
|
15,828
|
$
|
32,947
|
Intangible
assets are summarized as follows (see Note 3):
13
Acquired
Intangible Assets
As of June 30, 2008
|
||||||||||
Gross
Carrying
Amount
|
Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
||||||||
Amortizing intangible assets:
|
||||||||||
Technology
|
$
|
5,410
|
3.8
years
|
$
|
1,421
|
|||||
Customer
contracts/customer lists
|
2,633
|
2.9
years
|
1,792
|
|||||||
Trade
names
|
630
|
3.0
years
|
158
|
|||||||
Non-compete
agreements
|
410
|
1.2
years
|
331
|
|||||||
Other
|
235
|
3.0
years
|
59
|
|||||||
Total
|
$
|
9,318
|
$
|
3,761
|
Amortization
expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life
of
the asset. Aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets was $1,396
and
$1,772 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and the year ended
December 31, 2007, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the
next five years is: $2,634 in 2008, $1,955 in 2009, $1,444 in 2010, $921 in
2011
and $0 in 2012.
(H) RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
May
2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles” (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of
accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in
the
preparation of financial statements. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following
the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments
to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles”. The implementation of this standard will not
have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
In
April
2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible
Assets” (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in
developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life
of
a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets”. FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2008. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on its
consolidated financial statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133” (“SFAS
No. 161”). This Standard requires enhanced disclosures regarding derivatives and
hedging activities, including: (a) the manner in which an entity uses
derivative instruments; (b) the manner in which derivative instruments and
related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities” and (c) the effect of derivative instruments and related hedged
items on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.
The Standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
and
interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. As SFAS No. 161 relates
specifically to disclosures, the Standard will have no impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS
No. 141(R)”).
SFAS
No. 141(R) established principles and requirements for how an acquirer
recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets
acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree,
and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141(R) also established disclosure
requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of
the
business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that
SFAS No. 141(R) will have on its accounting for past and future acquisitions
and
on its consolidated financial statements.
14
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS No. 159"). SFAS No. 159
allows entities the option to measure at fair value eligible financial
instruments that are not currently measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007. Although the Company has adopted this standard, the Company
has not yet elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities, and
therefore the adoption of this standard has not had any impact on its financial
position or results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS No. 157"), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
SFAS
No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair
value measurements, but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS
No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with
the
exception of all non-financial assets and liabilities which will be effective
for years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted the
required provisions of SFAS No. 157 that became effective in our first quarter
of 2008. The adoption of these provisions did not have a material impact on
Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157
for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for certain items
that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements
on a
recurring basis (at least annually). The Company is currently evaluating the
impact of SFAS No. 157 on its Consolidated Financial Statements for items within
the scope of FSP 157-2, which will become effective beginning with our first
quarter of 2009.
In
July
2006, FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes - An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” was issued. FIN No. 48
clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an
enterprise's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting
for Income Taxes.” FIN No. 48 also prescribes a recognition threshold and
measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of
a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The new FASB
standard also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest
and
penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and
transition.
The
Company adopted FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007 and as of that date and through
June 30, 2008, we had no uncertain tax positions under FIN No. 48. The Company
includes interest accrued on the underpayment of income taxes in interest
expense and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in general
and administrative expenses.
The
Company files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as income
tax returns in several state jurisdictions, of which New York is the most
significant. The statute of limitations has expired for tax years prior to
2003.
In 2006, the Internal Revenue Service completed an examination of the Company’s
federal returns for the 2004 taxable year.
(2) BALANCE
SHEET COMPONENTS
Property
and equipment is summarized as follows:
June 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
Computer
equipment and software
|
$
|
11,334
|
$
|
6,033
|
|||
Furniture,
equipment and building improvements
|
630
|
565
|
|||||
11,964
|
6,598
|
||||||
Less
accumulated depreciation
|
5,900
|
2,865
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
6,064
|
$
|
3,733
|
15
Accrued
expenses consist of the following:
June 30, 2008
|
December 31, 2007
|
||||||
Payroll
and other employee related costs
|
$
|
4,554
|
$
|
4,790
|
|||
Professional
services and consulting and other vendor fees
|
1,780
|
3,856
|
|||||
Sales
commissions
|
285
|
286
|
|||||
Restructuring
(see Note 3)
|
-
|
49
|
|||||
Other
|
587
|
210
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
7,206
|
$
|
9,191
|
(3) ASSET
ACQUISITIONS
Base
Europe
On
June
30, 2006, the Company acquired the customer list of Base Europe, a former
reseller of its services. The purchase price was $233. The agreement gives
the
Company the exclusive right to exploit a specific list of deal referrals from
Base Europe. The entire purchase price will be amortized ratably over a period
of 24 months. The net acquisition costs of $0 and $58 are included in “Assets -
Intangibles, net” on the Company’s June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance
sheets, respectively.
Proficient
Systems
On
July
18, 2006, the Company acquired Proficient Systems, Inc. (“Proficient”), a
provider of hosted proactive chat solutions that help companies generate revenue
on their web sites. This transaction was accounted for under the purchase method
of accounting and, accordingly, the operating results of Proficient were
included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations from the date of
acquisition.
Based
on
the achievement of certain revenue targets as of March 31, 2007, LivePerson
was
contingently required to issue up to an additional 2,050,000 shares of common
stock. Based on these targets, the Company issued 1,127,985 shares of
common stock valued at $8,894, based on the quoted market price of the Company’s
common stock on the date the contingency was resolved, and made a cash payment
of $21 related to this contingency. At March 31, 2007, the value of these shares
has been allocated to goodwill with a corresponding increase in equity. All
1,127,985 shares are included in the weighted average shares outstanding used
in
basic and diluted net income per common share as of March 31, 2007. In
accordance with the purchase agreement, the earn-out consideration is subject
to
review by Proficient’s Shareholders’ Representative. On July 31, 2007, the
Company was served with a complaint filed in the United States District Court
for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’ Representative of
Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’ Representative seeks
certain documentation relating to calculation of the earn-out consideration,
and
seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining contingently issuable
earn-out shares. The Company believes the claims are without merit,
intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit, and does not currently expect
that the total shares issued will differ significantly from the amount issued
to
date.
16
The
Company initiated a restructuring plan to eliminate redundant facilities,
personnel and service providers in connection with the Proficient acquisition.
These costs were recognized as liabilities in connection with the acquisition
and have been recorded as an increase in goodwill as of the acquisition date.
The
balance of the accrued restructuring liability as of June 30, 2008 is as
follows:
Balance as of
January 1, 2008
|
Provision for the six
months ended June
30, 2008
|
Net utilization
during the six
months ended
June 30, 2008
|
Balance as of
June 30, 2008
|
||||||||||
Contract
terminations
|
$
|
49
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(49
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Total
|
$
|
49
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(49
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
Kasamba
Inc.
On
October 3, 2007, the Company acquired Kasamba Inc. (“Kasamba”), an online
provider of live expert advice delivered to consumers via real-time chat. This
transaction was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting and,
accordingly, the operating results of Kasamba were included in the Company’s
consolidated results of operations from October 3, 2007.
The
purchase price was $35,880, which included the issuance of 4,130,776 shares
of
the Company’s stock valued at $23,925, based on the quoted market price of the
Company’s common stock for the two days before and after the date of the
announcement, the issuance of 623,824 LivePerson options in replacement of
Kasamba options, some of which were fully vested, valued at $1,965, a cash
payment of $9,000 and acquisition costs of approximately $990. The Company
recorded goodwill in the amount of $32,940, none of which will be deductible
for
U.S. federal income tax purposes. The acquisition represents the Company’s
initial expansion beyond its historical business-to-business focus into the
business-to-consumer market, and is also expected to extend the value the
Company delivers to its growing base of business customers through a community
that will connect consumers with experts in a range of categories. All 4,130,776
shares are included in the weighted average shares outstanding used in basic
and
diluted net income per common share as of October 3, 2007. Of the total purchase
price, a net liability of $812 was allocated to the net book values of the
acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The historical carrying amounts of
such
assets and liabilities approximated their fair values. The purchase price in
excess of the fair value of the net book values of the acquired assets and
assumed liabilities was allocated to goodwill and intangible assets which are
being amortized over their expected period of benefit.
The
components of the intangible assets are as follows:
Weighted
Average Useful
Life (months)
|
Amount
|
||||||
Technology
|
48
|
$
|
4,910
|
||||
Trade
name
|
36
|
630
|
|||||
Expert
network
|
36
|
235
|
|||||
Non-compete
agreements
|
12
|
310
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
6,085
|
The
net
intangible assets of $4,716 and $5,629 are included in “Assets - Intangibles,
net” on the Company’s June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets,
respectively.
(4) COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
The
Company leases facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted
for
as operating leases. These leases generally require the Company to pay all
executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating
leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was approximately $636
and $1,195, respectively. Rental expense for operating leases for the three
and
six months ended June 30, 2007 was approximately $568 and $967,
respectively.
17
(5) LEGAL
MATTERS
On
July
31, 2007, the Company was served with a complaint filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’
Representative of Proficient Systems, Inc. In connection with the July 2006
acquisition of Proficient, the Company was contingently required to issue up
to
2,050,000 shares of common stock based on the terms of an earn-out provision
in
the merger agreement. In accordance with the terms of the earn-out provision,
the Company issued 1,127,985 shares in the second quarter of 2007 to the
shareholders of Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’
Representative seeks certain documentation relating to calculation of the
earn-out consideration, and seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining
contingently issuable earn-out shares. The Company believes the claims are
without merit, intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit, and does
not
currently expect that the total shares issued will differ significantly from
the
amount issued to date.
The
Company is not currently party to any other legal proceedings. From time to
time, the Company may be subject to various claims and legal actions arising
in
the ordinary course of business.
18
ITEM 2. |
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
OVERVIEW
LivePerson
provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and
trusted expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant,
compelling and personalized online experiences.
We
were
incorporated in the State of Delaware in November 1995 and the LivePerson
service was introduced initially in November 1998.
On
July
18, 2006, we acquired Proficient Systems, Inc., (“Proficient”) a provider of
hosted proactive chat solutions that help companies generate revenue on their
websites. The acquisition added several U.K. based financial services clients
and provided an innovative product marketing team. Under the terms of the
agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Proficient in
exchange for 2.0 million shares of our common stock, valued at $9.9 million,
paid at closing, and up to an additional 2.05 million shares based on the
achievement of certain revenue targets as of March 31, 2007. Based on these
targets, we issued approximately 1.1 million additional shares valued at $8.9
million. At March 31, 2007, the value of these shares has been allocated to
goodwill and we have included these shares in the weighted average shares
outstanding used in basic and diluted net income per share. The net intangibles
of $0.8 and $1.3 million are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on our June
30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets, respectively.
On
October 3, 2007, we acquired Kasamba Inc., (“Kasamba”) a facilitator of online
transactions between service experts who provide online advice to consumers
for
total consideration of approximately $35.9 million. The acquisition accelerated
our expansion into the business-to-consumer market, and is expected to extend
the value we deliver to our growing base of business customers through a
community that will connect consumers with experts in a range of categories.
Under the terms of the agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital
stock of Kasamba in exchange for 4,130,776 shares of our common stock, $9.0
million in cash and the assumption of 623,824 Kasamba options. The net
intangibles of $4.7 and $5.6 million are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net”
on our June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 balance sheets,
respectively.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
GENERAL
Our
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
is
based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which
are
prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates,
judgments and assumptions that management believes are reasonable based upon
the
information available. We base these estimates on our historical experience,
future expectations and various other assumptions that we believe to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for
our
judgments that may not be readily apparent from other sources. These estimates
and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during
the
reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions relate to estimates of
collectability of accounts receivable, the expected term of a client
relationship, accruals and other factors. We evaluate these estimates on an
ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different
assumptions or conditions, and any differences could be material.
The
significant accounting policies which we believe are the most critical to aid
in
fully understanding and evaluating the reported consolidated financial results
include the following:
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
LivePerson
provides online engagement solutions that facilitate real-time assistance and
expert advice. Our hosted software platform creates more relevant, compelling
and personalized online experiences.
19
Our
primary revenue source is from the sale of the LivePerson services under the
brand names Timpani and LivePerson. With the acquisition of Kasamba on October
3, 2007, we also facilitate online transactions between experts who provide
online advice to consumers.
The
majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related
professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. Because we
provide our application as a service, we follow the provisions of SEC Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” and Emerging Issues Task
Force Issue No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”. We
charge a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority
of
our larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to
implementation. We may also charge professional service fees related to
additional training, business consulting and analysis in support of the
LivePerson services.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small
and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit
card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk,
subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the
transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur
with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than
through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for
traditional direct sales.
We
recognize monthly service revenue based upon the fee charged for the LivePerson
services, provided that there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no
significant Company obligations remain, collection of the resulting receivable
is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed or determinable. Our
service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable upon
30
to 90 days’ notice without penalty. When professional service fees provide added
value to the customer on a standalone basis and there is objective and reliable
evidence of the fair value of each deliverable, we recognize professional
service fees upon completion and customer acceptance of key milestones within
each of the professional services engagements. If a professional services
arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting, we recognize the fees,
and
the related labor costs, ratably over a period of 36 months, representing our
current estimate of the term of the client relationship.
For
revenue generated from online transactions between experts and consumers, we
apply Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a
Principle versus Net as an Agent” due to the fact that we perform as an agent
without any risk of loss for collection. We collect a fee from the consumer
and
retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance to the expert. Revenue
from these transactions is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of
an
arrangement, no significant Company obligations remain, collection of the
resulting receivable is probable and the amount of fees to be paid is fixed
or
determinable.
STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
We
adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which
requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006,
the
first day of our fiscal year. Our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 reflect the impact of SFAS
No.
123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, our
Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have not been restated
to
reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS No. 123(R).
As
of
June 30, 2008, there was approximately $11.7 million of total unrecognized
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements.
That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
approximately 2.2 years.
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
Our
customers are primarily concentrated in the United States. We perform ongoing
credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition (except for customers
who purchase the LivePerson services by credit card via Internet download)
and
have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors
surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other
information that we believe to be reasonable, although they may change in the
future. If there is a deterioration of a customer’s credit worthiness or actual
write-offs are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of
recoverability for these receivables could be adversely affected. Our
concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number of customers.
No
single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of our total revenue in the three
and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. One customer accounted for
approximately 13% of accounts receivable as June 30, 2008. No single customer
accounted for or exceeded 10% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2007.
We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $52,000 in the six months
ended June 30, 2008. This increase was principally due to an increase in
accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger
proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically
have longer payment cycles.
20
GOODWILL
In
accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill
and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but reviewed for
impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that would
reduce the fair value below its carrying amount. Goodwill is required to be
tested for impairment at least annually. Determining the fair value of a
reporting unit under the first step of the goodwill impairment test and
determining the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting
unit (including unrecognized intangible assets) under the second step of the
goodwill impairment test is judgmental in nature and often involves the use
of
significant estimates and assumptions. Similarly, estimates and assumptions
are
used in determining the fair value of other intangible assets. These estimates
and assumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not an impairment
charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge.
To
assist
in the process of determining goodwill impairment, we will obtain appraisals
from an independent valuation firm. In addition to the use of an independent
valuation firm, we will perform internal valuation analyses and consider other
market information that is publicly available. Estimates of fair value are
primarily determined using discounted cash flows and market comparisons. These
approaches use significant estimates and assumptions including projected future
cash flows (including timing), discount rates reflecting the risk inherent
in
future cash flows, perpetual growth rates, determination of appropriate market
comparables and the determination of whether a premium or discount should be
applied to comparables.
IMPAIRMENT
OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In
accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-lived Assets,” long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and
purchased intangibles subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value
of
an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used
is
measured by a comparison of the carrying value of an asset to estimated
undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the
carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of
the
asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be
separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the
carrying value or the fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer
depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held
for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability
sections of the balance sheet.
USE
OF ESTIMATES
The
preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires our management
to
make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts
of
assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at
the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts
of
revenue and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such
estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of goodwill, intangibles,
stock-based compensation, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets,
accounts receivable, the expected term of a client relationship, accruals and
other factors. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
May
2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles” (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of
accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in
the
preparation of financial statements. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following
the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments
to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles”. The implementation of this standard will not
have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
21
In
April
2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible
Assets” (“FSP 142-3”). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in
developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life
of
a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets”. FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2008. We are currently assessing the impact of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated
financial statements.
In
March
2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133” (“SFAS
No. 161”). This Standard requires enhanced disclosures regarding derivatives and
hedging activities, including: (a) the manner in which an entity uses
derivative instruments; (b) the manner in which derivative instruments and
related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities” and (c) the effect of derivative instruments and related hedged
items on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.
The Standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
and
interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. As SFAS No. 161 relates
specifically to disclosures, the Standard will have no impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141(R)”). SFAS No. 141(R) established principles
and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial
statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any
noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No.
141(R) also established disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of
the
nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently
evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 141(R) will have on our accounting for
past
and future acquisitions and on our consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS No. 159"). SFAS No. 159
allows entities the option to measure at fair value eligible financial
instruments that are not currently measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007. Although we have adopted this standard, we have not yet
elected the fair value option for any assets or liabilities, and therefore
the
adoption of this standard has not had any impact on our financial position
or
results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS No. 157"), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
SFAS
No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair
value measurements, but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS
No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning
after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with
the
exception of all non-financial assets and liabilities which will be effective
for years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company adopted the
required provisions of SFAS No. 157 that became effective in our first quarter
of 2008. The adoption of these provisions did not have a material impact on
Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2008, the FASB
issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”). FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157
for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for certain items
that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements
on a
recurring basis (at least annually). We are currently evaluating the impact
of
SFAS No. 157 on our Consolidated Financial Statements for items within the
scope
of FSP 157-2, which will become effective beginning with our first quarter
of
2009.
In
July
2006, FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes - An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” was issued. FIN No. 48
clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an
enterprise's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting
for Income Taxes.” FIN No. 48 also prescribes a recognition threshold and
measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of
a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The new FASB
standard also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest
and
penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and
transition.
22
We
adopted FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007 and as of that date and through June
30,
2008, we had no uncertain tax positions under FIN No. 48. We include interest
accrued on the underpayment of income taxes in interest expense and penalties,
if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in general and administrative
expenses.
We
file a
consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as income tax returns in
several state jurisdictions, of which New York is the most significant. The
statute of limitations has expired for tax years prior to 2003. In 2006, the
Internal Revenue Service completed an examination of our federal returns for
the
2004 taxable year.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
REVENUE
The
majority of our revenue is generated from monthly service revenues and related
professional services from the sale of the LivePerson services. We charge a
monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. The majority of our
larger clients also pay a professional services fee related to implementation.
The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations is increasing.
These companies typically have more significant implementation requirements
and
more stringent data security standards. As a result, our professional services
revenue has begun to increase. Such clients also have more sophisticated data
analysis and performance reporting requirements, and are more likely to engage
our professional services organization to provide such analysis and reporting
on
a recurring basis. As a result, it is likely that a greater proportion of our
future revenue will be generated from such ongoing professional services work.
Revenue
attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 93% and 94% of total
LivePerson services revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
Revenue attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 96% of total
LivePerson services revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007.
Our service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable
upon
30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. Given the time required to schedule
training for our clients’ operators and our clients’ resource constraints, we
have historically experienced a lag between signing a client contract and
recognizing revenue from that client. This lag has recently ranged from 30
to 90
days.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center for small
and mid-sized businesses (“SMBs”), and are paid for almost exclusively by credit
card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk,
subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the
transactions. Sales of LivePerson Pro and LivePerson Contact Center may occur
with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than
through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for
traditional direct sales.
With
the
acquisition of Kasamba on October 3, 2007, we also facilitate online
transactions between experts who provide online advice to consumers. We collect
a fee from the user and retain a portion of the fee, and then remit the balance
to the expert.
We
also
have entered into contractual arrangements that complement our direct sales
force and online sales efforts. These are primarily with Web hosting and call
center service companies, pursuant to which LivePerson is paid a commission
based on revenue generated by these service companies from our referrals. To
date, revenue from such commissions has not been material.
OPERATING
EXPENSES
Our
cost
of revenue consists of:
23
· |
compensation
costs relating to employees who provide customer support and
implementation services to our
clients;
|
· |
compensation
costs relating to our network support
staff;
|
· |
allocated
occupancy costs and related overhead;
|
· |
the
cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses related
to
server leases, infrastructure support costs and Internet connectivity,
as
well as depreciation of certain hardware and software;
and
|
· |
the
credit card fees and related processing costs associated with the
consumer
and SMB services.
|
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel, allocated occupancy costs and
related overhead, outsourced labor and expenses for testing new versions of
our
software. Product development expenses are charged to operations as
incurred.
Our
sales
and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales
personnel and marketing personnel, online marketing, allocated occupancy costs
and related overhead, advertising, sales commissions, public relations,
promotional materials, travel expenses and trade show exhibit
expenses.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting, legal and human resources personnel,
allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, professional fees, insurance,
provision for doubtful accounts and other general corporate
expenses.
During
the six months ended June 30, 2008, we increased our allowance for doubtful
accounts by $52,000 to approximately $260,000, principally due to an increase
in
accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger
proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically
have longer payment cycles. During 2007, we increased our allowance for doubtful
accounts by $103,000 to approximately $208,000, principally due to an increase
in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We base our allowance
for
doubtful accounts on specifically identified credit risks of customers,
historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable. We
adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts when accounts previously reserved
have been collected.
NON-CASH
COMPENSATION EXPENSE
The
net
non-cash compensation amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007 consist of:
Three Months Ended
June 30,
|
Six Months Ended
June 30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense related to SFAS No. 123(R)
|
$
|
1,204
|
$
|
898
|
$
|
2,164
|
$
|
1,712
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
1,204
|
$
|
898
|
$
|
2,164
|
$
|
1,712
|
PERIOD-TO-PERIOD
COMPARISONS
Due
to
our acquisition of Kasamba in October 2007, Proficient in July 2006, and our
limited operating history, we believe that comparisons of our operating results
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 with each other,
or
with those of prior periods, are not meaningful and that our historical
operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future
performance.
24
Comparison
of Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Revenue.
Total
revenue increased by 59% and 58% to $18.6 million and $35.7 million in the
three
and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, from $11.7 million and $22.6
million in the comparable periods in 2007. Excluding Kasamba revenue in the
amounts of $2.8 million and $5.5 million, revenue increased by 35% and 33%
to
$15.8 million and $30.2 million in the three and six months ended June 30,
2008,
respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily
attributable to increased revenue from existing clients in the amount of
approximately $1.9 million and $4.0 million, respectively, and, to a lesser
extent, to revenue from new clients in the amount of approximately $1.6 million
and $3.0 million, respectively, net of cancellations and an increase in
professional services revenue of approximately $472,000 and $647,000,
respectively. Our revenue growth has traditionally been driven by a balanced
mix
of revenue from newly added clients and expansion from existing
clients.
Cost
of Revenue.
Cost of
revenue consists of compensation costs relating to employees who provide
customer service to our clients, compensation costs relating to our network
support staff, the cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses
related to server leases and Internet connectivity, as well as depreciation
of
certain hardware and software, and allocated occupancy costs and related
overhead. Cost of revenue increased by 69% and 72% to $5.2 million and $10.1
million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, from
$3.1
million and $5.9 million in the comparable period in 2007. Excluding Kasamba
cost of revenue in the amounts of $976,000 and $1.9 million, cost of revenue
increased by 37% and 40% to $4.3 million and $8.3 million in the three and
six
months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007.
This increase is primarily attributable to costs related to additional account
management and network operations personnel to support increased client activity
from existing clients and the addition of new clients in the amount of
approximately $952,000 and $1.5 million, respectively, and for the six months
ended June 30, 2008, to increased expenses for primary and backup server
facilities of approximately $464,000. The increase is also attributable to
the
depreciation recorded relating to the colocation hosting equipment in the
amounts of $249,000 and $359,000 in the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively. This increase was partially offset by the core technology
amortization and deprecation costs related to our Proficient acquisition in
July
2006, which were fully amortized in 2007. As a result, our gross margin in
the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008 decreased to 72% and 72%, respectively,
as compared to 73% and 74% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2007,
respectively. The proportion of our new clients that are large corporations
is
increasing. These companies typically have more significant implementation
requirements and more stringent data security standards. As a result, we have
invested additional resources to support this change in the customer base and
in
anticipation of a continuation of this trend, which has increased our cost
of
revenue and decreased our gross margin. During the quarter, we completed the
transition of our primary U.S. hosting facility from fully hosted services
to a
colocation arrangement. The expected impact of this transition is a reduction
in
operating expense related to third-party hosting services, offset by an increase
in depreciation expense related to capital expenditures for servers and related
network equipment. This transition is expected to give us more direct control
and greater deployment flexibility with regard to our hosting
infrastructure.
Product
Development.
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel as well as allocated occupancy costs
and related overhead. Product development costs increased by 71% and 70% to
$3.5
million and $6.6 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, from $2.0 million and $3.9 million in the comparable periods
in
2007. Excluding Kasamba product development expenses in the amounts of $788,000
and $1.5 million, product development expenses increased by 33% and 31% to
$2.7
million and $5.1 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is primarily
attributable to costs related to additional product development personnel to
support the continuing development of our product line as we broaden the range
of services we offer to include a fully integrated, multi-channel software
platform in the amount of $609,000 and $1.1 million, respectively.
Sales
and Marketing.
Our
sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for
sales and marketing personnel, as well as advertising, public relations and
trade show exhibit expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased by 83%
and
77% to $6.4 million and $12.2 million in the three and six months ended June
30,
2008, respectively from $3.5 million and $6.9 million in the comparable periods
in 2007. Excluding Kasamba sales and marketing expenses in the amounts of $1.2
million and $2.8 million, sales and marketing expenses increased by 48% and
36%
to $5.2 million and $9.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is
primarily attributable to an increase in costs related to additional sales
and
marketing personnel of approximately $1.0 million and $1.6 million related
to
our continued efforts to enhance our brand recognition and increase sales lead
activity, and to a lesser extent, related advertising and promotion costs of
approximately $525,000 and $574,000, respectively.
25
General
and Administrative.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting, human resources and administrative
personnel. General and administrative expenses increased by 68% and 63% to
$3.5
million and $6.6 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively from $2.1 million and $4.1 million in the comparable periods in
2007. Excluding Kasamba general and administrative expenses in the amount of
$310,000 and $584,000, general and administrative expenses increased by 53%
and
48% to $3.1 million and $6.1 million in the three and six months ended June
30,
2008, respectively, from the comparable periods in 2007. This increase is
primarily attributable to increases in compensation and related expenses in
the
amount of $437,000 and $814,000, respectively, and to an increase in
professional services and recruiting in the amount of $407,000 and $694,000,
respectively. This increase is also attributable to increases in rent and
occupancy costs related to new leases for our New York and Israeli offices
in
the amount of approximately $246,000 and $410,000, respectively.
Amortization
of Intangibles.
Amortization expense was $391,000 and $782,000 in the three and six months
ended
June 30, 2008, compared to $242,000 and $483,000 in the comparable periods
in
2007, respectively. Amortization expense in 2008 relates primarily to
acquisition costs recorded as a result of our acquisition of Kasamba in October
2007. Amortization expense in 2007 relates to acquisition costs recorded as
a
result of our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of Proficient in July
2006.
Other
Income.
Interest
income was $108,000 and $189,000 in the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, compared to $212,000 and $435,000 in the comparable periods in 2007,
respectively, and consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents
generated by the receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2000
and preferred stock issuances in 2000 and 1999 and, to a lesser extent, cash
provided by operating activities. These decreases are primarily attributable
to
decreases in short-term interest rates and smaller balances in interest bearing
accounts as a result of our acquisition of Kasamba in October 2007.
Benefit
from Income Taxes.
Benefit
from income taxes was $139,000 and $90,000 in the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008. Income tax expense was $0 and $0 in the three and six months
ended June 30, 2007 because we reduced our valuation allowance against deferred
tax assets resulting in an effective tax rate of zero.
Net
(Loss) Income.
We had
net loss of $191,000 and $403,000 in the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, compared to net income of $913,000 and $1.8 million for the comparable
periods in 2007. Revenue increased by $6.9 million and $13.0 million,
respectively, while operating expenses increased by $8.0 million and $15.1
million, respectively, contributing to a net decrease in income from operations
of approximately $1.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively, along with a
decrease in interest income of $105,000 and $246,000, respectively, and a
benefit from income taxes of $139,000 and $90,000 in the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As
of
June 30, 2008, we had approximately $23.5 million in cash and cash equivalents,
a decrease of approximately $2.8 million from December 31, 2007. This decrease
is primarily attributable to the repurchase of common stock and, to a lesser
extent, to the purchases of property and equipment. We regularly invest excess
funds in short-term money market funds.
Net
cash
provided by operating activities was $3.6 million for the six months ended
June
30, 2008 and consisted primarily of non-cash expenses related to the adoption
of
SFAS No. 123(R), to the amortization of intangibles, and to increases in
accounts payable and deferred revenue, partially offset by a net loss, a
decrease in accrued expenses, and an increase in accounts receivable. Net cash
provided by operating activities was $2.2 million for the six months ended
June
30, 2007 and consisted primarily of net income and non-cash expenses related
to
the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) and to the amortization of intangibles and
an
increase in deferred revenue, partially offset by increases in deferred taxes
and, accounts receivable.
26
Net
cash
used in investing activities was $3.2 million and $616,000 in the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and was due primarily to the
purchase of fixed assets.
Net
cash
used in financing activities was $3.2 million for the six months ended June
30,
2008 and consisted primarily of the repurchase of common stock partially offset
by the proceeds from the issuance of common stock in connection with the
exercise of stock options by employees. Net cash provided by financing
activities was $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and consisted
of the excess tax benefit from the exercise of employee stock options and
proceeds from the issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise
of
stock options by employees.
We
have
incurred significant costs to develop our technology and services, to hire
employees in our customer service, sales, marketing and administration
departments, and for the amortization of intangible assets, as well as non-cash
compensation costs. Historically, we incurred significant quarterly net losses
from inception through June 30, 2003, significant negative cash flows from
operations in our quarterly periods from inception through December 31, 2002
and
negative cash flows from operations of $124,000 in the three month period ended
March 31, 2004. As of June 30, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $93.8 million. These losses have been funded primarily through
the
issuance of common stock in our initial public offering and, prior to the
initial public offering, the issuance of convertible preferred
stock.
We
anticipate that our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to
satisfy our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next
12
months. However, we cannot assure you that we will not require additional funds
prior to such time, and we would then seek to sell additional equity or debt
securities through public financings, or seek alternative sources of financing.
We cannot assure you that additional funding will be available on favorable
terms, when needed, if at all. If we are unable to obtain any necessary
additional financing, we may be required to further reduce the scope of our
planned sales and marketing and product development efforts, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating
results. In addition, we may require additional funds in order to fund more
rapid expansion, to develop new or enhanced services or products or to invest
in
complementary businesses, technologies, services or products.
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
We
do not
have any special purposes entities, and other than operating leases, which
are
described below, we do not engage in off-balance sheet financing
arrangements.
We
lease
facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted for as operating
leases. These leases generally require us to pay all executory costs such as
maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases for the three
and
six months ended June 30, 2008 was approximately $636,000 and $1.2 million,
respectively, and approximately $568,000 and $967,000 for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2007.
As
of
June 30, 2008, our principal commitments were approximately $7.2 million under
various operating leases, of which approximately $1.8 million is due in 2008.
We
do not currently expect that our principal commitments for the year ending
December 31, 2008 will exceed $4.0 million in the aggregate. Our capital
expenditures are not currently expected to exceed $5.0 million in
2008.
27
Our
contractual obligations at June 30, 2008 are summarized as follows:
Payments due by period
|
||||||||||||||||
(in
thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
Obligations
|
Total
|
|
Less
than 1
year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
3-5
years
|
|
More
than 5
years
|
|||||||
Operating
leases
|
$
|
7,235
|
$
|
3,401
|
$
|
3,800
|
$
|
34
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
7,235
|
$
|
3,401
|
$
|
3,800
|
$
|
34
|
$
|
—
|
ITEM 3. |
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
|
Currency
Rate Fluctuations
As
a
result of the expanding scope of our Israeli operations, our currency rate
fluctuation risk associated with the exchange rate movement of the U.S. dollar
against the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) has increased. During the six months
ended June 30, 2008, the depreciation of the U.S dollar against the NIS has
had
an increased adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition
compared to earlier periods. We evaluate appropriate hedging strategies to
mitigate currency rate fluctuation risks on an ongoing basis. The functional
currency of our wholly-owned Israeli subsidiaries, HumanClick Ltd. and Kasamba
Ltd., is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of our operations in the
United Kingdom is the U.K. pound. We have not used derivative financial
instruments to limit our foreign currency risk exposure.
Collection
Risk
Our
accounts receivable are subject, in the normal course of business, to collection
risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and
business practices to protect against the adverse effects of collection risks.
We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts in the six months ended June
30, 2008 by $52,000 to approximately $260,000 principally due to an increase
in
accounts receivable as a result of increased sales and to the fact that a larger
proportion of receivables are due from larger corporate clients that typically
have longer payment cycles. During 2007, we increased our allowance for doubtful
accounts by $103,000 to approximately $208,000, principally due to an increase
in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We wrote off
approximately $6,000 of previously reserved accounts during the six months
ended
June 30, 2008. We did not write off any accounts during the year ended December
31, 2007.
Interest
Rate Risk
Our
investments consist of cash and cash equivalents. Therefore, changes in the
market’s interest rates do not affect in any material respect the value of the
investments as recorded by us.
ITEM 4. |
CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
|
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
evaluated the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures,” as that
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange
Act
of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of June 30, 2008. Based on that
evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded
that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2008
to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in the reports that
we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized
and
reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange
Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that such information is accumulated
and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure.
28
Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There
were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
quarter ended June 30, 2008 identified in connection with the evaluation thereof
by our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, our internal control over financial reporting except that we have
integrated the Kasamba operations and have begun to incorporate these operations
as part of our internal controls. We expect our assessment of these changes
in
internal control to be completed in 2008.
Limitations
of the Effectiveness of Internal Control
A
control
system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable,
not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the internal control system
are
met. Because of the inherent limitations of any internal control system, no
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues,
if any, within a company have been detected.
29
PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM
1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On
July
31, 2007, we were served with a complaint filed in the United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York by the Shareholders’ Representative
of
Proficient Systems, Inc.
In
connection with the July 2006 acquisition of Proficient, we were contingently
required to issue up to 2,050,000 shares of common stock based on the terms
of
an earn-out provision in the merger agreement. In accordance with the terms
of
the earn-out provision, we issued 1,127,985 shares in the second quarter of
2007
to the shareholders of Proficient. The complaint filed by the Shareholders’
Representative seeks certain documentation relating to calculation of the
earn-out consideration, and seeks payment of substantially all of the remaining
contingently issuable earn-out shares. We believe
the
claims are without merit, intend
to
vigorously defend against this
lawsuit, and do not currently expect that the total shares issued will differ
significantly from the amount issued to date.
On
January 29, 2008, we filed a complaint in the United States District Court
for
the District of Delaware against NextCard, LLC and Marshall Credit Strategies,
LLC, seeking a declaratory judgment that a patent purportedly owned by the
defendants is invalid and not infringed by our products. On March 18, 2008,
we
amended our complaint to add a second patent to the case. Monetary relief is
not
sought. On April 30, 2008, NextCard, LLC filed a complaint in the United States
District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, asserting infringement of
these same two patents by us, and seeking monetary damages and an injunction.
We
believe the claims are without merit, and intend to vigorously defend against
this lawsuit. We are presently unable to estimate the likely costs of the
litigation of these legal proceedings. We expect our operations to continue
without interruption during the period of litigation.
We
are
not currently party to any other legal proceedings. From time to time, we may
be
subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course
of
business.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS
Risks
that could have a material and adverse impact on our business, results of
operations and financial condition include, without limitation, the following:
risks related to the operational integration of acquisitions; risks related
to
our increased operations in the direct-to-consumer market; risks related to
our
international operations, particularly our operations in Israel, and the civil
and political unrest in that region; volatility of the value of certain
currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar, particularly the New Israeli Shekel,
U.K. pound and Euro; our history of losses; potential fluctuations in our
quarterly and annual results; impairments to goodwill that result in significant
charges to earnings; responding to rapid technological change and changing
client preferences; competition in the real-time sales, marketing, customer
service and online engagement solutions market; continued use by our clients
of
the LivePerson services and their purchase of additional services; technology
systems beyond our control and technology-related defects that could disrupt
the
LivePerson services; risks related to adverse business conditions experienced
by
our clients; our dependence on key employees; competition for qualified
personnel; the impact of new accounting rules, including the requirement to
expense stock options; the possible unavailability of financing as and if
needed; risks related to protecting our intellectual property rights or
potential infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties;
our
dependence on the continued use of the Internet as a medium for commerce and
the
viability of the infrastructure of the Internet; and risks related to the
regulation or possible misappropriation of personal information. This list
is
intended to identify only certain of the principal factors that could cause
actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.
Readers are referred to the reports and documents filed from time to time by
us
with the Securities and Exchange Commission for a discussion of these and other
important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from those
discussed in forward-looking statements. A more detailed description of each
of
these and other important risk factors can be found under the caption “Risk
Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 14,
2008.
There
are
no material changes to the risk factors described in the Form 10-K.
30
ITEM
2. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
On
March
10, 2008, our Board of Directors approved an extension of our existing stock
repurchase program through the end of the first quarter of 2009. The program,
originally announced in February 2007, was due to expire at the end of the
first
quarter of 2008.
Under
the
stock repurchase program, we are authorized to repurchase shares of our common
stock, in the open market or privately negotiated transactions, at times and
prices considered appropriate by our Board of Directors depending upon
prevailing market conditions and other corporate considerations, up to an
aggregate purchase price of $8.0 million. Through June 30, 2008, we had spent
a
total of approximately $3.6 million to acquire approximately 1.1 million shares
of our common stock. Our Board of Directors may discontinue the program at
any
time.
The
following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock under our stock
repurchase program during the quarter ended June 30, 2008:
Period
|
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
|
Average Price Paid per
Share
|
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
|
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs
|
|||||||||
4/1/2008 –
4/30/2008
|
381,690
|
$
|
3.41
|
381,690
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
5/1/2008
– 5/31/2008
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
6/1/2008
– 6/30/2008
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
—
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
|||||||
Total
|
381,690
|
$
|
3.41
|
381,690
|
$
|
4,363,000
|
ITEM
6. EXHIBITS
The
following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q:
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
|
||
(Registrant)
|
||
Date:
August 8, 2008
|
By:
|
/s/
ROBERT P. LOCASCIO
|
Name:
|
Robert
P. LoCascio
|
|
Title:
|
Chief
Executive Officer (duly authorized officer)
|
|
Date:
August 8, 2008
|
By:
|
/s/
TIMOTHY E. BIXBY
|
Name:
|
Timothy
E. Bixby
|
|
Title:
|
President
and Chief Financial Officer (principal
financial
and accounting officer)
|
EXHIBIT
INDEX
EXHIBIT | ||
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|