Magyar Bancorp, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 December (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2022

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number 000-51726

Magyar Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	20-4154978
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

400 Somerset Street, New Brunswick, New Jersey	08901
(Address of Principal Executive Office)	(Zip Code)

(732) 342-7600

(Issuer’s Telephone Number including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 per share	MGYR	The NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☑	Smaller reporting company	☑
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer's common stock at February 1, 2023 was 6,742,934.

MAGYAR BANCORP, INC.

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

	Page Number

Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements	1
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	31

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	32
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	32
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	32
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	32
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	32
Item 5.	Other Information	32
Item 6.	Exhibits	32

Signature Pages		34

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)

	December 31,			September 30,
	2022			2022
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Cash	$	3,253		$	2,869
Interest earning deposits with banks		4,625			28,067
Total cash and cash equivalents		7,878			30,936

Investment securities - available for sale, at fair value		9,207			9,229
Investment securities - held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $79,632 and $79,914 at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively)		90,630			91,646
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock, at cost		2,106			1,447
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $8,750 and $8,433 at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively		666,080			619,843
Bank owned life insurance		17,755			17,660
Accrued interest receivable		3,826			3,478
Premises and equipment, net		13,683			13,880
Other real estate owned ("OREO")		292			281
Other assets		10,169			10,143
Total assets	$	821,626		$	798,543

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities
Deposits	$	676,083		$	667,733
Escrowed funds		3,368			3,407
Borrowings		29,725			15,625
Accrued interest payable		162			85
Accounts payable and other liabilities		12,370			13,191
Total liabilities		721,708			700,041

Stockholders' equity

Preferred stock: $.01 Par Value, 500,000 shares authorized; at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, none issued		—			—


Common stock: $.01 Par Value, 14,000,000 shares authorized; 7,097,825 shares issued; 6,742,934 and 6,745,128 shares outstanding at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively, at cost		71			71
Additional paid-in capital		63,931			63,734
Treasury stock: 467,887 and 465,693 shares at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively, at cost		(5,820	)		(5,793	)
Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares		(3,145	)		(3,169	)
Retained earnings		46,839			45,773
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,958	)		(2,114	)
Total stockholders' equity		99,918			98,502
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	821,626		$	798,543

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Income

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)

	Three Months
	Ended December 31,
	2022		2021
	(Unaudited)
Interest and dividend income
Loans, including fees	$	7,959	$	6,721
Investment securities
Taxable		504		261
Tax-exempt		14		7
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock		24		20
Total interest and dividend income		8,501		7,009

Interest expense
Deposits		1,474		451
Borrowings		136		119
Total interest expense		1,610		570
Net interest and dividend income		6,891		6,439
Provision for loan losses		317		101
Net interest and dividend income after
provision for loan losses		6,574		6,338

Other income
Service charges		245		257
Income on bank owned life insurance		95		87
Interest rate swap fees		57		—
Other operating income		20		25
Gains on sales of loans		180		281
Total other income		597		650

Other expenses
Compensation and employee benefits		2,822		2,702
Occupancy expenses		761		739
Professional fees		179		387
Data processing expenses		146		134
Marketing and business development		126		125
OREO expenses		16		34
FDIC deposit insurance premiums		54		57
Loan servicing expenses		31		46
Other expenses		446		397
Total other expenses		4,581		4,621
Income before income tax expense		2,590		2,367
Income tax expense		780		674
Net income	$	1,810	$	1,693

Net income per share-basic	$	0.28	$	0.25
Net income per share-diluted	$	0.28	$	0.25
Weighted average shares outstanding-basic		6,456,525		6,792,477
Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted		6,459,446		6,792,477

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In Thousands)

	Three Months
	Ended December 31,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net income	$	1,810		$	1,693
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale		206			(53	)
Other comprehensive gain (loss), before tax		206			(53	)
Deferred income tax effect		(50	)		13
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)	$	156		$	(40	)
Total comprehensive income	$	1,966		$	1,653

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(In Thousands, Except for Share Amounts)

																	Accumulated
	Common Stock					Additional					Unearned						Other
	Shares			Par		Paid-In		Treasury			ESOP			Retained			Comprehensive
	Outstanding			Value		Capital		Stock			Shares			Earnings			Loss			Total
	(Unaudited)
Balance, September 30, 2022	$	6,745,128		$	71	$	63,734	$	(5,793	)	$	(3,169	)	$	45,773		$	(2,114	)	$	98,502
Net income		—			—		—		—			—			1,810			—			1,810
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.11 per share)		—			—		—		—			—			(744	)					(744	)
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—		—			—			—			156			156
ESOP shares allocated		—			—		17		—			24			—			—			41
Purchase of treasury stock		(2,194	)		—		—		(27	)		—			—			—			(27	)
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—		180		—			—			—			—			180
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	6,742,934		$	71	$	63,931	$	(5,820	)	$	(3,145	)	$	46,839		$	(1,958	)	$	99,918

																	Accumulated
	Common Stock				Additional						Unearned						Other
	Shares		Par		Paid-In			Treasury			ESOP			Retained			Comprehensive
	Outstanding		Value		Capital			Stock			Shares			Earnings			Loss			Total
	(Unaudited)
Balance, September 30, 2021		7,097,825	$	71	$	63,713		$	(1,242	)	$	(3,235	)	$	39,281		$	(947	)	$	97,641
Net income		—		—		—			—			—			1,693			—			1,693
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.12 per share)		—		—		—			—			—			(814	)		—			(814	)
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—			—			—			—			(40	)		(40	)
Common stock acquired by ESOP		—		—		—			—			(98	)		—			—			(98	)
ESOP shares allocated		—		—		(32	)		—			93			—			—			61
Balance, December 31, 2021		7,097,825	$	71	$	63,681		$	(1,242	)	$	(3,240	)	$	40,160		$	(987	)	$	98,443

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In Thousands)

	For the Three Months Ended
	December 31,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Operating activities
Net income	$	1,810		$	1,693
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation expense		208			209
Premium amortization on investment securities, net		43			58
Provision for loan losses		317			101
Originations of SBA loans held for sale		(1,825	)		(2,437	)
Proceeds from the sales of SBA loans		2,005			2,718
Gains on sale of loans receivable		(180	)		(281	)
ESOP compensation expense		41			61
Stock-based compensation expense		180			—
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)		(237	)		26
Increase in accrued interest receivable		(348	)		(51	)
Increase in surrender value of bank owned life insurance		(95	)		(87	)
Decrease in other assets		160			360
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable		77			(4	)
Decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities		(821	)		(30	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,335			2,336

Investing activities
Net (increase) decrease in loans receivable		(46,554	)		10,934
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity		—			(10,064	)
Principal repayments on investment securities held to maturity		992			1,221
Principal repayments on investment securities available for sale		209			671
Purchase of bank owned life insurance		—			(3,000	)
Purchases of premises and equipment		(10	)		(77	)
Investment in other real estate owned		(11	)		(12	)
(Purchase) redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		(659	)		77
Net cash used in investing activities		(46,033	)		(250	)

Financing activities
Net increase in deposits		8,350			7,861
Purchase of common stock for ESOP		—			(98	)
Net (decrease) increase in escrowed funds		(39	)		35
Proceeds from long-term advances		3,000			—
Repayments of long-term advances		—			(2,000	)
Net change in short-term advances		11,100			—
Cash dividends paid on common stock		(744	)		(814	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(27	)		—
Net cash provided by financing activities		21,640			4,984
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(23,058	)		7,070
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		30,936			75,201

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	7,878		$	82,271

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for
Interest	$	1,533		$	575

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE A – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Magyar Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), its wholly owned subsidiary, Magyar Bank (the “Bank”), and the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries Magyar Service Corporation, Hungaria Urban Renewal, LLC, and Magyar Investment Company. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements on the accrual basis and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP"). The unaudited information furnished herein reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented.

Operating results for the three months ended December 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2023. The September 30, 2022 information has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of other real estate owned (“OREO”), and the assessment of realizability of deferred income tax assets.

The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date of December 31, 2022 for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements. The evaluation was conducted through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued.

NOTE B- RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In connection with the preparation of quarterly and annual reports in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Securities Exchange Act of 1934, SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 11.M requires the disclosure of the impact that recently issued accounting standards will have on consolidated financial statements when they are adopted in the future.

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to report “expected” credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit rather than the current “incurred loss” model. These expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date are to be based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This ASU will also require enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity’s portfolio. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements that provide additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements.

In October 2019, the FASB voted to defer the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 (October 1, 2023 for the Company), and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company currently expects to continue to qualify as a smaller reporting company, based upon the current SEC definition, and as a result, will be able to defer implementation of the new standard until October 1, 2023. The Company did not early adopt as of December 31, 2022, but will continue to review factors that might indicate that the full deferral time period should not be used. The Company continues to evaluate the impact the new standard will have on the accounting for credit losses, but the Company may recognize a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the new standard is effective, consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance issued at the end of 2016. The Company cannot yet determine the magnitude of any such one-time cumulative adjustment or of the overall impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

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In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, March 2020, to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the U.S. GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Entities can elect not to apply certain modification accounting requirements to contracts affected by what the guidance calls “reference rate reform” if certain criteria are met. An entity that makes this election would not have to remeasure the contracts at the modification date or reassess a previous accounting determination. Also, entities can elect various optional expedients that would allow them to continue applying hedge accounting for hedging relationships affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met, and can make a one-time election to sell and/or reclassify held-to-maturity debt securities that reference an interest rate affected by reference rate reform. The amendments in this ASU were effective for all entities upon issuance through December 31, 2022 and did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) and Vintage Disclosures as an update to Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The amendments in this ASU eliminate the TDR recognition and measurement guidance and, instead, require that an entity evaluate (consistent with the accounting for other loan modifications) whether the modification represents a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. The amendments enhance existing disclosure requirements and introduce new requirements related to certain modifications of receivables made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. In addition, ASU 2022-02 requires that an entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses—Measured at Amortized Cost. The amendments in ASU 2022-02 will be effective for the Company with its adoption of ASU 2016-13.

NOTE C - CONTINGENCIES

The Company, from time to time, is a party to routine litigation that arises in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the resolution of this litigation, if any, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

NOTE D - EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table presents a calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Basic and diluted earnings per share were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the periods.

	For the Three Months
	Ended December 31,
	2022		2021
	(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Income applicable to common shares	$	1,810	$	1,693
Weighted average common shares outstanding- basic		6,456,525		6,792,477
Potential diliutive common stock equivalents		2,921		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding- diluted		6,459,446		6,792,477
Earnings per share - basic	$	0.28	$	0.25
Earnings per share - diluted	$	0.28	$	0.25

Options to purchase 293,200 shares of common stock at a weighted average strike price of $12.58 and 156,400 shares of restricted shares at a weighted average price of $12.63 were outstanding at December 31, 2022. There were no outstanding stock awards or options to purchase common stock at December 31, 2021.

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NOTE E – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM

The Company follows FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Section 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, which covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements including share options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights, and employee share purchase plans. ASC 718 requires that compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in consolidated financial statements. The cost is measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued.

ASC 718 also requires the Company to realize as a financing cash flow rather than an operating cash flow, as previously required, the benefits of realized tax deductions in excess of previously recognized tax benefits on compensation expense. In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107, the Company classified share-based compensation for employees and outside directors within “compensation and employee benefits” in the Consolidated Statements of Income to correspond with the same line item as the cash compensation paid.

Stock options generally vest over a five-year service period and expire ten years from issuance. Management recognizes compensation expense for all option grants over the awards’ respective requisite service periods. The fair values of all option grants were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Management considered historical information on the volatility of the Company’s stock in determining the assumed volatility rate used in the estimation of fair value. Management estimated the expected life of the options using the simplified method allowed under SAB No. 107. The 7-year Treasury yield in effect at the time of the grant provided the risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option. Management recognizes compensation expense for the fair values of these awards, which have graded vesting, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. Management estimated a 95% retention rate for stock option recipients. Once vested, these awards are irrevocable. Shares will be obtained from either the open market or treasury stock upon share option exercise.

Restricted shares generally vest over a five-year service period on the anniversary of the grant date. Once vested, these awards are irrevocable. The product of the number of shares granted and the grant date market price of the Company’s common stock determine the fair value of restricted shares under the Company’s restricted stock plans. Management recognizes compensation expense for the fair value of restricted shares on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

On August 25, 2022, the Company adopted the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan which provided for grants of up to 547,400 shares to be allocated between incentive and non-qualified stock options and restricted stock awards to officers, employees and directors of the Company and Magyar Bank. At December 31, 2022, 293,200 options and 156,400 shares of restricted stock had been awarded from the plan.

The following is a summary of the status of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for its option plan for the three months ended December 31, 2022:

	Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Balance at September 30, 2022		293,200	$	12.58		10.0	$	—
Granted		—		—		—		—
Exercised		—		—		—		—
Forfeited		—		—		—		—
Expired		—		—		—		—
Balance at December 31, 2022		293,200	$	12.58		9.7	$	70,374

Exercisable at December 31, 2022		—	$	—		—	$	—

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The following is a summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested restricted shares for the three months ended December 31, 2022:

	Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Balance at September 30, 2022		156,400		12.63
Granted		—		—
Vested		—		—
Forfeited		—		—
Balance at December 31, 2022		156,400	$	12.63

Stock option and stock award expenses included with compensation expense were $69,000 and $111,000, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2022. There was no stock option or stock award expense for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The Company had no other stock-based compensation plans as of December 31, 2022 except as disclosed below.

On December 8, 2022 the Company announced the completion of its third stock repurchase program, under which 354,891 shares had been repurchased at an average price of $12.90. The Company also announced the authorization of an additional stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company intends to repurchase up to an additional 5% of its outstanding shares, or up to 337,146 shares. The timing of the repurchases will depend on certain factors, including but not limited to, market conditions and prices, the Company’s liquidity requirements and alternative uses of capital.

The Company has an Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") for the benefit of employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The ESOP trust purchases shares of common stock in the open market using proceeds of a loan from the Company. The loan is secured by shares of the Company’s stock. The Bank makes cash contributions to the ESOP on an annual basis sufficient to enable the ESOP to make the required loan payments to the Company. As the debt is repaid, shares are released as collateral and allocated to qualified employees. Accordingly, the shares pledged as collateral are reported as unearned ESOP shares in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounts for its ESOP in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Employer’s Accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans.” As shares are released from collateral, the Company reports compensation expense equal to the current market price of the shares, and the shares become outstanding for earnings per share computations.

In connection with the Company’s second-step stock offering during its fiscal year ending September 30, 2021, the ESOP trustees purchased 312,800 shares of the Company’s common stock for $3.4 million, reflecting an average cost per share of $10.77. The ESOP loan bears a variable interest rate that adjusts annually to Prime Rate (3.25% at January 1, 2022, adjusting to 7.50% on January 1, 2023) with principal and interest payable annually in equal installments over thirty years.

At December 31, 2022, shares allocated to participants totaled 22,487. Unallocated ESOP shares held in suspense totaled 290,313 at December 31, 2022 and the aggregate fair value was $3.7 million. The Company's contribution expense for the ESOP was $41,000 and $61,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE F – OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of other comprehensive income (loss) and the related income tax effects are as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2022							2021
			Tax			Net of					Tax		Net of
	Before Tax		(Benefit)			Tax		Before Tax			(Benefit)		Tax
	Amount		Expense			Amount		Amount			Expense		Amount
	(In thousands)
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during period on:
Available-for-sale investments	$	206	$	(50	)	$	156	$	(53	)	$	13	$	(40	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	$	206	$	(50	)	$	156	$	(53	)	$	13	$	(40	)

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NOTE G – FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets or liabilities on a non-recurring basis, such as held-to-maturity securities, mortgage servicing rights, loans receivable and OREO. These non-recurring fair value adjustments involve the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

In accordance with ASC 820, the Company groups its assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

	Level 1 -	Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

	Level 2 -	Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

	Level 3 -	Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. The results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.

The Company based its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Securities available-for-sale

The securities available-for-sale portfolio is carried at estimated fair value on a recurring basis, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/loss in stockholders’ equity. The securities available-for-sale portfolio consists of U.S government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities and private label mortgage-backed securities. The fair values of these securities are obtained from an independent nationally recognized pricing service. An independent pricing service provides the Company with prices which are categorized as Level 2, as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are generally not available for the securities in the Company’s portfolio. Various modeling techniques are used to determine pricing for Company’s mortgage-backed securities, including option pricing and discounted cash flow models. The inputs to these models include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data.

Derivatives

Magyar Bank executes interest rate swaps with commercial lending customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. The fair values of such derivatives are based on valuation models from a third party using current market terms (including interest rates and fees), the remaining terms of the agreements and the credit worthiness of the counter party as of the measurement date (Level 2).

The following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

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December 31, 2022	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:	(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	104	$	—	$	104	$	—
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		9,103		—		9,103		—
Total securities available for sale	$	9,207	$	—	$	9,207	$	—
Derivative assets		2,471		—		2,471		—
Total assets	$	11,678	$	—	$	11,678	$	—

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	$	2,471	$	—	$	2,471	$	—
Total Liabilities	$	2,471	$	—	$	2,471	$	—

September 30, 2022
Assets:
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	107	$	—	$	107	$	—
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		9,122		—		9,122		—
Total securities available for sale	$	9,229	$	—	$	9,229	$	—
Derivative assets		2,487		—		2,487		—
Total assets	$	11,716	$	—	$	11,716	$	—

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	$	2,487	$	—	$	2,487	$	—
Total Liabilities	$	2,487	$	—	$	2,487	$	—

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Impaired Loans

Loans which meet certain criteria are evaluated individually for impairment. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All amounts due according to the contractual terms means that both the contractual interest and principal payments of a loan will be collected as scheduled in the loan agreement. Three impairment measurement methods are used, depending upon the collateral securing the asset: 1) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate (the rate of return implicit in the loan); 2) the asset’s observable market price; or 3) the fair value of the collateral, less anticipated selling and disposition costs, if the asset is collateral dependent. The regulatory agencies require the last method for loans from which repayment is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. The Company’s impaired loans are generally collateral dependent and, as such, are carried at the estimated fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Fair value is estimated through current appraisals, and adjusted by management as necessary, to reflect current market conditions and, as such, are generally classified as Level 3.

Appraisals of collateral securing impaired loans are conducted by approved, qualified, and independent third-party appraisers. Such appraisals are ordered via the Company’s credit administration department, independent from the lender who originated the loan, once the loan is deemed impaired, as described in the previous paragraph. Impaired loans are generally re-evaluated with an updated appraisal within one year of the last appraisal. The Company discounts the appraised “as is” value of the collateral for estimated selling and disposition costs and compares the resulting fair value of collateral to the outstanding loan amount. If the outstanding loan amount is greater than the discounted fair value, the Company requires a reduction in the outstanding loan balance or additional collateral before considering an extension to the loan. If the borrower is unwilling or unable to reduce the loan balance or increase the collateral securing the loan, it is deemed impaired and the difference between the loan amount and the fair value of collateral, net of estimated selling and disposition costs, is charged off through a reduction of the allowance for loan loss.

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Other Real Estate Owned

The fair value of other real estate owned is determined through current appraisals, and adjusted as necessary, by management, to reflect current market conditions and anticipated selling and disposition costs. As such, other real estate owned is generally classified as Level 3.

The following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

December 31, 2022	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)

Impaired loans	$	5,847	$	—	$	—	$	5,847
Other real estate owned		291		—		—		291
Total	$	6,138	$	—	$	—	$	6,138


September 30, 2022	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)

Impaired loans	$	5,659	$	—	$	—	$	5,659
Other real estate owned		281		—		—		281
Total	$	5,940	$	—	$	—	$	5,940

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)

	Fair Value		Valuation
December 31, 2022	Estimate		Techniques	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans	$	5,847	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	0% to -31.7% (-11.4%)
Other real estate owned	$	291	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Liquidation expenses ⁽²⁾	-25.3% to -25.3% (-25.3%)

	Fair Value		Valuation
September 30, 2022	Estimate		Techniques	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans	$	5,659	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	0% to -31.7% (-9.9%)
Other real estate owned	$	281	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Liquidation expenses ⁽²⁾	-28.0% to -28.0% (-28.0%)

⁽¹⁾

Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals for the underlying collateral, which generally include various level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

⁽²⁾

Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of the appraisal.

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The following presents the carrying amount, fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments carried at cost or amortized cost as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022. For short-term financial assets such as cash and cash equivalents and accrued interest receivable, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization. For financial liabilities such as interest-bearing demand, NOW, and money market savings deposits, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to these products being payable on demand and having no stated maturity.

	Carrying		Fair		Fair Value Measurement Placement
	Value		Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2022
Financial instruments - assets
Investment securities held to maturity	$	90,630	$	79,632	$	—	$	79,632	$	—
Loans		666,080		641,727		—		—		641,727

Financial instruments - liabilities
Certificates of deposit including retirement certificates		84,412		83,345		—		83,345		—
Borrowings		29,725		28,946		—		28,946		—

September 30, 2022
Financial instruments - assets
Investment securities held-to-maturity	$	91,646	$	79,914	$	—	$	79,914	$	—
Loans		619,843		592,804		—		—		592,804

Financial instruments - liabilities
Certificates of deposit		82,609		81,289		—		81,289		—
Borrowings		15,625		14,762		—		14,762		—

NOTE H – LEASES

The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, at the lease commencement date.

The Company holds operating leases for five branch locations. Our leases have remaining lease terms of up to nine years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 additional years. Operating leases are recorded as ROU assets and lease liabilities and are included within Other assets and Accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement base on the present value of the remaining lease payments using a discount rate that represents our incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate used by the Company to value its operating leases is based on the interpolated term advance rate available from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, based on the remaining lease term.

At December 31, 2022, the Company’s operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities totaled $3.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

The following table presents the balance sheet information related to our leases:

	December 31,		September 30,
	2022		2022
	(Dollars in thousands)

Operating lease right-of-use asset	$	3,141	$	3,292
Operating lease liabilities	$	3,440	$	3,605
Weighted average remaining lease term in years		6.8		7.0
Weighted average discount rate		2.2%		2.2%

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The following table summarizes the maturity of our remaining lease liabilities by year (in thousands):

	December 31, 2022
	(In thousands)
For the Year Ending:
2023	$	554
2024		747
2025		523
2026		455
2027		334
2028 and thereafter		1,199
Total lease payments		3,812
Less imputed interest		(372	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	3,440

Total leases expense recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income within Occupancy expense were $196,000 and $207,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE I - INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at December 31, 2022:

			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
December 31, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities available-for-sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	114	$	—	$	(10	)	$	104
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		10,805		—		(1,702	)		9,103
Total securities available-for-sale	$	10,919	$	—	$	(1,712	)	$	9,207
Securities held-to-maturity:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	5,413	$	—	$	(717	)	$	4,696
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		615		—		(1	)		614
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed-securities - residential		48,077		—		(7,203	)		40,874
Debt securities		24,826		—		(2,234	)		22,592
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential		220		—		(14	)		206
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		3,479		2		(435	)		3,046
Corporate securities		8,000		—		(396	)		7,604
Total securities held-to-maturity	$	90,630	$	2	$	(11,000	)	$	79,632
Total investment securities	$	101,549	$	2	$	(12,712	)	$	88,839

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The contractual maturities of the debt securities, municipal bonds and certain information regarding to the mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2022 are summarized in the following table:

	December 31, 2022
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Due within 1 year	$	8,829	$	8,643
Due after 1 but within 5 years		22,525		20,460
Due after 5 but within 10 years		4,438		3,734
Due after 10 years		513		405
Total debt securities		36,305		33,242

Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential		53,710		45,776
Commercial		615		614
Total	$	90,630	$	79,632

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at September 30, 2022:

			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
September 30, 2022	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities available-for-sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage backed securities - residential	$	118	$	—	$	(11	)	$	107
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		11,029		—		(1,907	)		9,122
Total securities available for sale	$	11,147	$	—	$	(1,918	)	$	9,229
Securities held-to-maturity:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	5,525	$	—	$	(717	)	$	4,808
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		631		—		—			631
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage backed securities - residential		48,961		12		(7,548	)		41,425
Debt securities		24,821		—		(2,395	)		22,426
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential		224		—		(10	)		214
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		3,484		—		(638	)		2,846
Corporate securities		8,000		—		(436	)		7,564
Total securities held to maturity	$	91,646	$	12	$	(11,744	)	$	79,914
Total investment securities	$	102,793	$	12	$	(13,662	)	$	89,143

NOTE J – IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The Company recognizes credit-related other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities in earnings while noncredit-related other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities not expected to be sold are recognized in other comprehensive income.

The Company reviews its investment portfolio on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment. This review includes analyzing the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than the cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including any specific events which may influence the operations of the issuer and the intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in the market. The Company evaluates its intent and ability to hold debt securities based upon its investment strategy for the particular type of security and its cash flow needs, liquidity position, capital adequacy and interest rate risk position. In addition, the risk of future other-than-temporary impairment may be influenced by prolonged recession in the U.S. economy, changes in real estate values and interest deferrals.

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Investment securities with fair values greater than their amortized cost contain unrealized gains. Investment securities with fair values less than their amortized cost contain unrealized losses. Details of securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022 are as follows:

			Less Than 12 Months					12 Months Or Greater					Total
	Number of		Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
	Securities		Value		Losses			Value		Losses			Value		Losses
December 31, 2022			(Dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		6	$	2,306	$	(138	)	$	2,494	$	(589	)	$	4,800	$	(727	)
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		1		613		(1	)		—		—			613		(1	)
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		49		15,061		(2,020	)		34,658		(6,885	)		49,719		(8,905	)
Debt securities		14		9,870		(457	)		12,722		(1,777	)		22,592		(2,234	)
Private label mortgage-backed securities residential		1		206		(14	)		—		—			206		(14	)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		6		526		(2	)		2,213		(433	)		2,739		(435	)
Corporate securities		2		2,661		(339	)		4,943		(57	)		7,604		(396	)
Total		79	$	31,243	$	(2,971	)	$	57,030	$	(9,741	)	$	88,273	$	(12,712	)

September 30, 2022
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		6	$	2,364	$	(140	)	$	2,551	$	(588	)	$	4,915	$	(728	)
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		1		631		—			—		—			631		—
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		49		21,180		(2,795	)		29,088		(6,660	)		50,268		(9,455	)
Debt securities		14		11,664		(660	)		10,763		(1,735	)		22,427		(2,395	)
Private label mortgage-backed securities residential		1		215		(10	)		—		—			215		(10	)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		7		1,268		(181	)		1,577		(457	)		2,845		(638	)
Corporate securities		2		2,646		(353	)		4,917		(83	)		7,563		(436	)
Total		80	$	39,968	$	(4,139	)	$	48,896	$	(9,523	)	$	88,864	$	(13,662	)

The investment securities listed above currently have fair values less than amortized cost and therefore contain unrealized losses. The Company evaluated these securities and determined that the decline in value was primarily related to fluctuations in the interest rate environment and were not related to any company or industry specific event.

The Company anticipates full recovery of amortized costs with respect to these securities. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and has determined that it is not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities prior to maturity or market price recovery. Management has considered factors regarding other than temporarily impaired securities and determined that there are no securities with impairment that is other than temporary as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

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NOTE K – LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans receivable, net were comprised of the following:

	December 31,			September 30,
	2022			2022
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	215,263		$	214,377
Commercial real estate		389,247			342,791
Construction		17,880			15,230
Home equity lines of credit		18,471			18,704
Commercial business		31,616			34,672
Other		3,260			3,130
Total loans receivable		675,737			628,904
Net deferred loan costs		(907	)		(628	)
Allowance for loan losses		(8,750	)		(8,433	)
Total loans receivable, net	$	666,080		$	619,843

The segments of the Bank’s loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance. The residential mortgage loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes: first lien, amortizing term loans, and the combination of second lien amortizing term loans and home equity lines of credit. The commercial loan segment is further disaggregated into three classes: loans secured by multifamily structures, loans secured by owner-occupied commercial structures, and loans secured by non-owner occupied nonresidential properties. The construction loan segment consists primarily of developers or investors for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing residential or commercial structures and to a lesser extent one-to-four family residential construction loans made to individuals for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built. Construction loans to developers and investors have a higher risk profile because the ultimate buyer, once development is completed, is generally not known at the time of the loan. The commercial business loan segment consists of loans made for the purpose of financing the activities of commercial customers and consists primarily of revolving lines of credit. The consumer loan segment consists primarily of stock-secured installment loans, but also includes unsecured personal loans and overdraft lines of credit connected with customer deposit accounts.

Management evaluates individual loans in all segments for possible impairment if the loan either is in nonaccrual status, or is risk rated Substandard and is 90 days or more past due. Loans are considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in evaluating impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

Once the determination has been made that a loan is impaired, the recorded investment in the loan is compared to the fair value of the loan using one of three methods: (a) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (b) the loan’s current observable market price; or (c) the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less anticipated selling and disposition costs. The method is selected on a loan-by loan basis, with management primarily utilizing the fair value of collateral method. If there is a shortfall between the fair value of the loan and the recorded investment in the loan, the Company charges the difference to the allowance for loan loss as a charge-off and carries the impaired loan on its books at fair value. It is the Company’s policy to evaluate impaired loans on an annual basis to ensure the recorded investment in a loan does not exceed its fair value.

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The following table presents impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary for the periods presented:

					Impaired
					Loans with
	Impaired Loans with				No Specific
	Specific Allowance				Allowance		Total Impaired Loans
									Unpaid
	Recorded		Related		Recorded		Recorded		Principal
	Investment		Allowance		Investment		Investment		Balance
December 31, 2022	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	—	$	—	$	1,381	$	1,381	$	1,381
Commercial real estate		—		—		1,378		1,378		1,378
Construction		2,835		114		—		2,835		2,900
Commercial business		102		102		151		253		253
Total impaired loans	$	2,937	$	216	$	2,910	$	5,847	$	5,912

September 30, 2022

One-to four-family residential	$	—	$	—	$	1,512	$	1,512	$	1,512
Commercial real estate		—		—		1,159		1,159		1,159
Construction		2,835		114		—		2,835		2,900
Commercial business		—		—		153		153		153
Total impaired loans	$	2,835	$	114	$	2,824	$	5,659	$	5,724

The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $5.8 million and $10.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company’s impaired loans include delinquent non-accrual loans and performing Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”), as TDRs remain impaired loans until fully repaid. There was one TDR loan totaling $97,000 during the three months December 31, 2022 and there were no TDRs during the three months ended December 31, 2021.

The following tables present the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the interest income recognized on such loans for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months
	Ended December 31, 2022
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	1,447
Commercial real estate		1,269
Construction		2,835
Commercial business		203
Average investment in impaired loans	$	5,754

Interest income recognized on
an accrual basis on impaired loans	$	36
Interest income recognized on
a cash basis on impaired loans	$	—

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	Three Months
	Ended December 31, 2021
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	2,464
Commercial real estate		2,236
Construction		4,580
Commercial business		1,507
Average investment in impaired loans	$	10,787

Interest income recognized on
an accrual basis on impaired loans	$	48
Interest income recognized on
a cash basis on impaired loans	$	—

Management uses a ten point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first six categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. Loans classified Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified Substandard with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. All loans greater than three months past due are considered Substandard. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as severe delinquency, bankruptcy, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Bank’s Commercial Loan Officers are responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in their portfolios at origination and on an ongoing basis. The Bank’s Asset Review Committee performs monthly reviews of all commercial relationships internally rated 6 (“Watch”) or worse. Confirmation of the appropriate risk grade is performed by an external loan review company that semi-annually reviews and assesses loans within the portfolio. Generally, the external consultant reviews commercial relationships greater than $500,000 and/or criticized relationships greater than $250,000. Detailed reviews, including plans for resolution, are performed on loans classified as Substandard on a monthly basis.

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The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the Bank’s internal risk rating system for the periods presented:

			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	214,067	$	974	$	222	$	—	$	215,263
Commercial real estate		388,662		197		388		—		389,247
Construction		13,310		—		4,570		—		17,880
Home equity lines of credit		18,471		—		—		—		18,471
Commercial business		31,514		102		—		—		31,616
Other		3,260		—		—		—		3,260
Total	$	669,284	$	1,273	$	5,180	$	—	$	675,737

September 30, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	213,173	$	980	$	224	$	—	$	214,377
Commercial real estate		342,593		198		—		—		342,791
Construction		10,652		—		4,578		—		15,230
Home equity lines of credit		18,704		—		—		—		18,704
Commercial business		34,672		—		—		—		34,672
Other		3,130		—		—		—		3,130
Total	$	622,924	$	1,178	$	4,802	$	—	$	628,904

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans for the periods presented:

			30-59		60-89
			Days		Days		90 Days +		Total		Non-		Total
	Current		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Accrual		Loans
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2022
One-to-four family residential	$	214,955	$	—	$	308	$	—	$	308	$	—	$	215,263
Commercial real estate		388,676		67		116		388		571		388		389,247
Construction		15,045		—		—		2,835		2,835		2,835		17,880
Home equity lines of credit		18,471		—		—		—		—		—		18,471
Commercial business		31,514		102		—		—		102		—		31,616
Other		2,584		—		—		676		676		676		3,260
Total	$	671,245	$	169	$	424	$	3,899	$	4,492	$	3,899	$	675,737

September 30, 2022
One-to four-family residential	$	213,903	$	300	$	174	$	—	$	474	$	—	$	214,377
Commercial real estate		342,404		—		387		—		387		—		342,791
Construction		12,395		—		—		2,835		2,835		2,835		15,230
Home equity lines of credit		18,704		—		—		—		—		—		18,704
Commercial business		34,672		—		—		—		—		—		34,672
Other		3,130		—		—		—		—		—		3,130
Total	$	625,208	$	300	$	561	$	2,835	$	3,696	$	2,835	$	628,904

An allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio. The ALL is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans.

The Bank’s methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35 for loans individually evaluated for impairment (discussed above) and ASC Subtopic 450-20 for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance.

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Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate. For general allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio. These historical loss amounts are modified by other qualitative and economic factors.

The loans are segmented into classes based on their inherent varying degrees of risk, as described above. Management tracks the historical net charge-off activity by segment and utilizes this figure, as a percentage of the segment, as the general reserve percentage for pooled, homogenous loans that have not been deemed impaired. Typically, an average of losses incurred over five historical years is used.

Non-impaired credits are segregated for the application of qualitative factors. Management has identified a number of additional qualitative factors which it uses to supplement the historical charge-off factor because these factors are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to differ from historical loss experience. The additional factors that are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained from internal, regulatory, and governmental sources include: national and local economic trends and conditions; levels of and trends in delinquency rates and non-accrual loans; trends in volumes and terms of loans; effects of changes in lending policies; experience, ability, and depth of lending staff; value of underlying collateral; and concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or geographic standpoint.

Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL. Since loans individually evaluated for impairment are promptly written down to their fair value, typically there is no portion of the ALL for loans individually evaluated for impairment.

The following table summarizes the ALL by loan category and the related activity for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	One-to-Four								Home Equity
	Family			Commercial					Lines of			Commercial
	Residential			Real Estate			Construction		Credit			Business			Other			Unallocated			Total
	(In thousands)
Balance- September 30, 2022	$	1,223		$	4,612		$	461	$	263		$	1,484		$	1		$	389		$	8,433
Charge-offs		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Recoveries		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Provision (credit)		12			518			65		(7	)		(109	)		—			(162	)		317
Balance- December 31, 2022	$	1,235		$	5,130		$	526	$	256		$	1,375		$	1		$	227		$	8,750

Balance- September 30, 2021	$	1,136		$	3,744		$	594	$	232		$	2,046		$	15		$	308		$	8,075
Charge-offs		—			—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Recoveries		—			52			—		—			—			—			—			52
Provision (credit)		(43	)		(90	)		130		—			83			(14	)		35			101
Balance- December 31, 2021	$	1,093		$	3,706		$	724	$	232		$	2,129		$	1		$	343		$	8,228

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The following tables summarize the ALL by loan category, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022:

	One-to-Four						Home Equity
	Family		Commercial				Lines of		Commercial
	Residential		Real Estate		Construction		Credit		Business		Other		Unallocated		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance - December 31, 2022	$	1,235	$	5,130	$	526	$	256	$	1,375	$	1	$	227	$	8,750
Individually evaluated for impairment		—		—		114		—		102		—		—		216
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,235		5,130		412		256		1,273		1		227		8,534

Loans receivable:
Balance - December 31, 2022	$	215,263	$	389,247	$	17,880	$	18,471	$	31,616	$	3,260	$	—	$	675,737
Individually evaluated for impairment		1,381		1,378		2,835		—		253		—		—		5,847
Collectively evaluated for impairment		213,882		387,869		15,045		18,471		31,363		3,260		—		669,890

	One-to-Four						Home Equity
	Family		Commercial				Lines of		Commercial
	Residential		Real Estate		Construction		Credit		Business		Other		Unallocated		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance - September 30, 2022	$	1,093	$	3,706	$	724	$	263	$	2,129	$	1	$	343	$	8,259
Individually evaluated for impairment		—		—		114		—		—		—		—		114
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,093		3,706		610		263		2,129		1		343		8,145

Loans receivable:
Balance - September 30, 2022	$	214,377	$	342,791	$	15,230	$	18,704	$	34,672	$	3,130	$	—	$	628,904
Individually evaluated for impairment		1,512		1,159		2,835		—		153		—		—		5,659
Collectively evaluated for impairment		212,865		341,632		12,395		18,704		34,519		3,130		—		623,245

The allowance for loan losses is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates. Management believes that the segmentation of the loan portfolio into homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

A TDR is a loan that has been modified whereby the Bank has agreed to make certain concessions to a borrower to meet the needs of both the borrower and the Bank to maximize the ultimate recovery of a loan. TDR occurs when a borrower is experiencing, or is expected to experience, financial difficulties and the loan is modified using a modification that would otherwise not be granted to the borrower. The types of concessions granted generally include, but are not limited to, interest rate reductions, limitations on the accrued interest charged, term extensions, and deferment of principal.

A default on a TDR loan for purposes of this disclosure occurs when a borrower is 90 days past due or a foreclosure or repossession of the applicable collateral has occurred. During the three months ended December 31, 2022 there was one TDR loan totaling $387,000 that became delinquent greater than 90 days. The loan is secured by commercial real estate and was in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2022.

There was one TDR loan during the three months ended December 31, 2022 and no TDRs during the three months ended December 31, 2021.

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	Three Months Ended December 31, 2022
	Number of		Investment Before		Investment After
	Loans		TDR Modification		TDR Modification
	(Dollars in thousands)
One-to four-family residential		1	$	97	$	107

Total		1	$	97	$	107

NOTE L - DEPOSITS

A summary of deposits by type of account are summarized as follows:

	December 31,		September 30,
	2022		2022
	(In thousands)

Demand accounts	$	188,424	$	182,417
Savings accounts		76,105		81,850
NOW accounts		93,436		98,643
Money market accounts		233,706		222,214
Certificates of deposit		71,975		69,929
Retirement certificates		12,437		12,680
Total deposits	$	676,083	$	667,733

NOTE M – INCOME TAXES

The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities: (i) are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns; (ii) are attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases; and (iii) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Where applicable, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance for any portions determined not likely to be realized. The valuation allowance is assessed by management on a quarterly basis and adjusted, by a charge or credit to income tax expense, as changes in facts and circumstances warrant. In assessing whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, management considers projections of future taxable income, the projected periods in which current temporary differences will be deductible, the availability of carry forwards, feasible and permissible tax planning strategies and existing tax laws and regulations. The Company did not have a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2022 or September 30, 2022.

A reconciliation of income tax between the amounts calculated based upon pre-tax income at the Company’s federal statutory rate and the amounts reflected in the consolidated statements of operations are as follows:

	For the Three Months
	Ended December 31,
	2022		2021
	(In thousands)

Income tax expense at the statutory federal tax rate of 21%	$	544	$	497
State tax expense		233		194
Other		3		(17	)
Total income tax expense	$	780	$	674

The Company’s statutory income tax rate in the State of New Jersey was 9.0% for the three months ending December 31, 2022 and 2021. The State of New Jersey has imposed a temporary surtax on corporations earning New Jersey allocated income in excess of $1 million. The surtax is set at a rate of 2.5% and is currently effective through December 31, 2023. Accordingly, the Company used an 11.5% State tax rate for the calculation of its State income tax expense for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

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NOTE N - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK

The Company may use derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps and interest rate floors and caps, as part of its interest rate risk management. Interest rate caps and floors are agreements whereby one party agrees to pay or receive a floating rate of interest on a notional principal amount for a predetermined period of time if certain market interest rate thresholds are met. The Company considers the credit risk inherent in these contracts to be negligible. As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not hold any interest rate floors or collars.

The Company is a party to interest rate derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. Under a program, the Company executes interest rate swaps with commercial lending customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. These interest rate swaps with customers are simultaneously offset by interest rate swaps that the Company executes with a third-party financial institution, such that the Company minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. Because the interest rate swaps associated with this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized directly in earnings. The changes in the fair value of the swaps offset each other, except for the credit risk of the counterparties, which is determined by taking into consideration the risk rating, probability of default and loss given default for all counterparties. The Company was not required to pledge any collateral for its interest rate swaps with financial institutions at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

The following table presents summary information regarding these derivatives as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022.

	Notional Amount		Average Maturiy (Years)		Weighted Average Fixed Rate		Weighted Average Variable Rate	Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2022
Classified in Other Assets:
Customer interest rate swaps	$	36,833		4.9		4.95%	1 Mo. BSBY + 2.44	$	2,471

Classified in Other Liabilities:
3rd Party interest rate swaps	$	36,833		4.9		4.95%	1 Mo. BSBY + 2.44	$	2,471


September 30, 2022
Classified in Other Assets:
Customer interest rate swaps	$	19,512		5.9		3.63%	1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.50	$	2,275
	$	6,940		4.6		6.13%	1 Mo. BSBY + 3.00	$	212
Total	$	26,452		5.2		4.88%		$	2,487

Classified in Other Liabilities:
3rd Party interest rate swaps	$	19,512		5.9		3.63%	1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.50	$	2,275
	$	6,940		4.6		6.13%	1 Mo. BSBY + 3.00	$	212
Total	$	26,452		5.2		4.88%		$	2,487

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments are commitments to extend credit and are summarized in the below table. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

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	December 31,		September 30,
	2022		2022
	(In thousands)

Financial instruments whose contract amounts
represent credit risk (in thousands)
Letters of credit	$	740	$	740
Unused lines of credit		85,702		73,825
Fixed rate loan commitments		13		2,550
Variable rate loan commitments		15,482		49,913
Totals	$	101,937	$	127,028

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

When used in this filing and in future filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in the Company’s press releases or other public or shareholder communications, or in oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer, the words or phrases, “anticipate,” “would be,” “will allow,” “intends to,” “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “projected,” “believes”, or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward looking statements.” Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those risks previously disclosed by the Company in Item 1A of its Annual Report on Form 10-K as may be supplemented by Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, general economic conditions, changes in interest rates, regulatory considerations, competition, technological developments, retention and recruitment of qualified personnel, and market acceptance of the Company’s pricing, products and services, and with respect to the loans extended by the Company and real estate owned, the following: risks related to the economic environment in the market areas in which the Bank operates, particularly with respect to the real estate market in New Jersey; the risk that the value of the real estate securing these loans may decline in value; and the risk that significant expense may be incurred by the Company in connection with the resolution of these loans.

The Company wishes to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made, and advises readers that various factors, including regional and national economic conditions, substantial changes in levels of market interest rates, credit and other risks of lending and investing activities, and competitive and regulatory factors, could affect the Company’s financial performance and could cause the Company’s actual results for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected.

The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect occurrences or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Critical accounting policies may involve complex subjective decisions or assessments. We consider the following to be our critical accounting policies.

Allowance for Loan Loss. The allowance for loan losses is the amount estimated by management as necessary to cover credit losses in the loan portfolio both probable and reasonably estimable at the balance sheet date. The allowance is established through the provision for loan losses which is charged against income. In determining the allowance for loan losses, management makes significant estimates and has identified this policy as one of our most critical. Due to the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the assumptions utilized and the potential for changes in the economic environment that could result in changes to the amount of the recorded allowance for loan losses, the methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting policy by management.

As a substantial amount of our loan portfolio is collateralized by real estate, appraisals of the underlying value of property securing loans and discounted cash flow valuations of properties are critical in determining the amount of the allowance required for specific loans. Assumptions for appraisals and discounted cash flow valuations are instrumental in determining the value of properties. Overly optimistic assumptions or negative changes to assumptions could significantly affect the valuation of a property securing a loan and the related allowance determined. The assumptions supporting such appraisals and discounted cash flow valuations are carefully reviewed by management to determine that the resulting values reasonably reflect amounts realizable on the related loans.

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Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. We consider a variety of factors in establishing this estimate including, but not limited to, current economic conditions, delinquency statistics, geographic and industry concentrations, the adequacy of the underlying collateral, the financial strength of the borrower, results of internal loan reviews and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates by management that may be susceptible to significant change based on changes in economic and real estate market conditions.

The evaluation has a specific and general component. The specific component relates to loans that are delinquent or otherwise identified as impaired through the application of our loan review process and our loan grading system. All such loans are evaluated individually, with principal consideration given to the value of the collateral securing the loan and discounted cash flows. Specific impairment allowances are established as required by this analysis. However, the Bank’s Federal and State regulators generally require that the specific reserve against impaired collateral-dependent loans be charged-off, reducing the carrying balance of the loan and allowance for loan loss. The general component is determined by segregating the remaining loans by type of loan, risk weighting (if applicable) and payment history. We analyze historical loss experience, delinquency trends, general economic conditions and geographic and industry concentrations in establishing the general portion of the reserve. This analysis establishes factors that are applied to the loan groups to determine the amount of the general component of the allowance for loan losses.

Actual loan losses may be significantly greater than the allowances we have established, which could have a material negative effect on our financial results.

We intend to adopt the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) Methodology effective October 1, 2023. The adoption of the CECL standard for determining the amount of our allowance for credit losses may increase our allowance for loan and lease losses upon adoption and cause our historic allowance for loan and lease losses not to be indicative of how we will maintain our allowance for credit losses beginning October 1, 2023.

Deferred Income Taxes. The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities: (i) are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns; (ii) are attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases; and (iii) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Deferred tax assets are likely to be realized and therefore do not have a valuation allowance.

Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022

Total Assets. Total assets increased $23.1 million, or 2.9%, to $821.6 million at December 31, 2022 compared with $798.5 million at September 30, 2022. The increase was attributable to higher balances of loans receivable, net of allowance for loan loss, partially offset by lower interest-earning deposits with banks.

Cash and interest-earning deposits with banks decreased $23.1 million, or 74.5% to $7.9 million at December 31, 2022 from $30.9 million at September 30, 2022 resulting primarily from deployment of these funds into loans receivable during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

Loans Receivable. Total loans receivable increased $46.8 million, or 7.4%, to $675.7 million at December 31, 2022 from $628.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2022. Growth occurred in commercial real estate loans, which increased $46.5 million, or 13.6%, to $389.2 million, in construction loans, which increased $2.6 million, or 17.4%, to $17.9 million, in one-to four-family residential mortgage loans (including home equity lines of credit), which increased $653,000, or 0.3%, to $233.7 million and in other consumer loans, which increased $130,000, or 4.2%, to $3.3 million. Offsetting these increases was a $3.0 million, or 8.8%, decrease in commercial business loans to $31.6 million.

Total loans receivable at December 31, 2022 were comprised of $389.2 million (57.6%) in commercial real estate loans, $215.3 million (31.9%) in one-to four-family residential mortgage loans, $31.6 million (4.7%) in commercial business loans, $17.9 million (2.6%) in construction loans, $18.5 million (2.7%) in home equity lines of credit, and $3.2 million (0.5%) in other loans. For comparison, total loans receivable at September 30, 2022 were comprised of $342.8 million (54.5%) in commercial real estate loans, $214.4 million (34.1%) in one- to four- family residential mortgage loans, $34.7 million (5.5%) in commercial business loans, $15.2 million (2.4%) in construction loans, and $21.8 million (3.5%) in home equity lines of credit and other loans.

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Total non-performing loans increased $1.1 million, or 37.5%, to $3.9 million at December 31, 2022 from $2.8 million at September 30, 2022. The addition of one consumer loan secured by shares of Johnson & Johnson stock totaling $676,000 and one commercial real estate loan totaling $387,000 accounted for the increase in non-performing loans during the quarter. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans increased to 0.58% at December 31, 2022 from 0.45% at September 30, 2022.

The allowance for loan losses increased $317,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2022 to $8.8 million. The $46.8 million increase in loans receivable as well as the increase in non-performing loans accounted for the increase in the Company’s allowance for loan loss.

The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans decreased to 224.4% at December 31, 2022 from 297.5% at September 30, 2022. Our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.29% at December 31, 2022 compared with 1.34% at September 30, 2022. Future increases in the allowance for loan losses may be necessary based on possible future increases in non-performing loans and charge-offs, the possible deterioration of collateral values, and the possible deterioration of the current economic environment.

Investment Securities. At December 31, 2022, investment securities totaled $99.8 million, reflecting a decrease of $1.0 million, or 1.0% from $100.9 million at September 30, 2022.

The Company did not purchase or sell any new investment securities during the three months ended December 31, 2022. The Company received payments from mortgage-backed securities totaling $1.2 million during the quarter that were used to fund new loan originations. Investment securities at December 31, 2022 consisted of $63.3 million in mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, $24.8 million in U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities, $8.0 million in corporate notes, $3.5 million in municipal bonds, and $220,000 in private-label mortgage-backed securities. There were no other-than-temporary-impairment charges for the Company’s investment securities for the three months ended December 31, 2022.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance. The Company’s carrying value of its life insurance policies held for directors and officers of Magyar Bank increased $95,000, or 0.5%, to $17.8 million at December 31, 2022 from $17.7 million at September 30, 2022. The increase was attributable to an increase in the cash surrender value of the policies during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

Other Real Estate Owned. OREO increased $11,000, or 3.9%, to $292,000 at December 31, 2022 from capital improvements to one property in order to market it for sale. The property was under contract for sale at December 31, 2022.

Deposits. Total deposits increased $8.4 million, or 1.3%, to $676.1 million at December 31, 2022 from $667.7 million at September 30, 2022.

The increase in deposits during the three months ended December 31, 2022 occurred in money market accounts, which increased $11.5 million, or 5.2%, to $233.7 million, in non-interest bearing checking accounts, which increased $6.0 million, or 3.3%, to $188.4 million, and in certificates of deposit (including individual retirement accounts), which increased $1.8 million, or 2.2%, to $84.4 million. Partially offsetting these increases were decreases in savings accounts, which decreased $5.7 million, or 7.0%, to $76.1 million and in interest-bearing checking accounts (NOW), which decreased $5.2 million, or 5.3%, to $93.5 million. Included in the certificates of deposit were $11.4 million in brokered certificates of deposit.

Borrowed Funds. Borrowings increased $14.1 million, or 90.2%, to $29.7 million at December 31, 2022 from $15.6 million at September 30, 2022.

The Company borrowed $11.1 million in overnight advances and $3.0 million in term advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York during the quarter to fund its loan originations.

Stockholders’ Equity. Stockholders’ equity increased $1.4 million, or 1.4%, to $99.9 million at December 31, 2022 from $98.5 million at September 30, 2022. The increase was due to net income of $1.8 million during the quarter, partially offset by $744,000 in dividends paid and 2,194 shares repurchased during the quarter at an average share price of $12.54. The Company’s book value per share increased to $14.82 at December 31, 2022 from $14.60 at September 30, 2022, and 6,742,934 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2022.

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Average Balance Sheet for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table presents certain information regarding the Company’s financial condition and net interest income for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The table presents the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets and the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. We derived the yields and costs by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. We derived average balances from daily balances over the period indicated. Interest income includes fees that we consider adjustments to yields.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2022							2021
	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense			Yield/Cost (Annualized)		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense			Yield/Cost (Annualized)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-earning deposits	$	14,984	$	109			2.88%	$	84,088	$	35			0.17%
Loans receivable, net		643,206		7,959			4.91%		579,131		6,721			4.60%
Securities
Taxable		97,121		395			1.61%		71,946		226			1.25%
Tax-exempt ⁽¹⁾		3,370		18			2.15%		2,198		9			1.63%
FHLBNY stock		1,613		24			6.00%		1,676		20			4.81%
Total interest-earning assets		760,294		8,505			4.44%		739,039		7,011			3.76%
Noninterest-earning assets		48,415							44,299
Total assets	$	808,709						$	783,338

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts ⁽²⁾	$	78,263		82			0.41%	$	84,542		36			0.17%
NOW accounts ⁽³⁾		325,295		1,177			1.44%		263,626		140			0.21%
Time deposits ⁽⁴⁾		79,535		215			1.07%		111,911		275			0.98%
Total interest-bearing deposits		483,093		1,474			1.21%		460,079		451			0.39%
Borrowings		19,067		136			2.83%		21,877		119			2.16%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		502,160		1,610			1.27%		481,956		570			0.47%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities		206,197							202,334
Total liabilities		708,357							684,290
Retained earnings		100,352							99,048
Total liabilities and retained earnings	$	808,709						$	783,338

Tax-equivalent basis adjustment				(4	)						(2	)
Net interest and dividend income			$	6,891						$	6,439
Interest rate spread							3.17%							3.29%
Net interest-earning assets	$	258,134						$	257,083
Net interest margin ⁽⁵⁾							3.60%							3.46%
Average interest-earning assets to
average interest-bearing liabilities		151.40%							153.34%

⁽¹⁾ Calculated using the Company's 21% federal tax rate.

⁽²⁾ Includes passbook savings, money market passbook and club accounts.

⁽³⁾ Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts.

⁽⁴⁾ Includes certificates of deposits and individual retirement accounts.

⁽⁵⁾ Calculated as annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

Net Income. Net income increased $117,000, or 6.9% to $1.8 million for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022 compared with net income of $1.7 million for the three-month period ended December 31, 2021. The increase was due to higher net interest and lower other expenses, partially offset by higher provision for loan loss and lower other income.

Net Interest and Dividend Income. Net interest and dividend income increased $453,000, or 7.0%, to $6.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from $6.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The increase was attributable to a 14 basis point increase in the Company’s net interest margin to 3.60% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from 3.46% for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income increased $1.5 million, or 21.3%, to $8.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared with $7.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The increase was attributable to a 68 basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets to 4.44% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from 3.76% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 as well as a $21.3 million, or 2.9%, increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets. There were no Paycheck Protection Program loan fees included in interest income on loans receivable for the three months ended December 31, 2022, compared with $407,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

The average balance of loans receivable, net of allowance for loan loss, increased $64.1 million to $643.2 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022 from $579.1 million during the three months ended December 31, 2021 while the yield on loans receivable increased 31 basis points to 4.91% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from 4.60% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 due to higher market interest rates. The higher average balance and yield accounted for a $1.2 million, or 18.4%, increase in loan interest income between periods.

Interest earned on investment securities, including interest-earning deposits and excluding FHLB stock, increased $250,000, or 93.3%, to $518,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 from $268,000 for the prior year quarter. A 111 basis point increase in the yield on such assets to 1.79% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from 0.69% for the three months ended December 31, 2021, partially offset by a $42.7 million, or 27.0%, decrease in the average balance of investment securities and interest-earning deposits to $115.5 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022, accounted for the increase.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $1.0 million, or 182.5%, to $1.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from $570,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 80 basis points to 1.27% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared with 0.47% for the three months ended December 31, 2021 resulting primarily from higher market interest rates. Between periods, the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $20.2 million, or 4.2%, to $502.2 million.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased $23.0 million, or 5.0%, to $483.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 from $460.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021, while the average cost of such deposits increased 82 basis points to 1.21% from 0.39%. As a result, interest paid on interest-bearing deposits increased $1.0 million to $1.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared with $451,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021 due to higher market interest rate environment.

Interest paid on borrowings increased $17,000, or 14.3%, to $136,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from $119,000 for the prior year period. The increase was the result of a 67 basis point increase in the cost of borrowings to 2.83% for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from 2.16% for the three months ended December 31, 2021, partially offset by a $2.8 million decrease in the average balance of such borrowings to $19.1 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 from $21.9 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2021.

Provision for Loan Losses. We establish provisions for loan losses, which are charged to earnings, at a level necessary to absorb known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at the date of the consolidated financial statements. In evaluating the level of the allowance for loan losses, management considers historical loss experience, the types of loans and the amount of loans in the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, peer group information and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available or as future events occur.

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After an evaluation of these factors, management recorded a provision of $317,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared to $101,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The higher provision for loan losses resulted from growth in the Company’s loan portfolio and an increase in non-performing loans during the three months ended December 31, 2022. The Company did not record any loan charge-offs or recoveries for the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared with $52,000 in net recoveries during the three months ended December 31, 2021.

Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Management reviews the level of the allowance on a quarterly basis, and establishes the provision for loan losses based on the factors set forth in the preceding paragraph. As management evaluates the allowance for loan losses, the increased risk associated with larger non-homogenous construction, commercial real estate and commercial business loans may result in larger additions to the allowance for loan losses in future periods.

Other Income. Other income decreased $52,000, or 8.0%, to $598,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2022 compared to $650,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

Gains from the sale of Small Business Administration 7(a) loans decreased $101,000 to $180,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2022 from $281,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2021. Partially offsetting this decrease were $57,000 in interest rate swap fees received during the three months ended December 31, 2022, compared with no fees during the three months ended December 31, 2021.

Other Expenses. Other expenses decreased $38,000, or 0.8%, to $4.6 million during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

The decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in professional fees, which decreased $208,000, or 53.7%, to $179,000, due to lower legal and consulting fees related to the collection and foreclosure of non-performing loans, and OREO expenses, which decreased $18,000 to $16,000, from fewer OREO properties between periods. Offsetting the decrease was higher compensation and benefit expense, which increased $121,000, or 4.5%, to $2.8 million, due to stock award and stock option expenses related to the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan.

Income Tax Expense. The Company recorded tax expense of $780,000 on pre-tax income of $2.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022, compared to $674,000 on pre-tax income of $2.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2021. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2022 was 30.1% compared with 28.5% for the three months ended December 31, 2021.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

The Company’s liquidity is a measure of its ability to fund loans, pay withdrawals of deposits, and other cash outflows in an efficient, cost-effective manner. The Company’s short-term sources of liquidity include maturity, repayment and sales of assets, excess cash and cash equivalents, new deposits, other borrowings, and new advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. There has been no material adverse change during the three months ended December 31, 2022 in the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to fund their operations.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had commitments outstanding under letters of credit of $740,000, commitments to originate loans of $15.5 million, and commitments to fund undisbursed balances of closed loans and unused lines of credit of $85.7 million. There has been no material change during the three months ended December 31, 2022 in any of the Company’s other contractual obligations or commitments to make future payments.

Capital Requirements

At December 31, 2022, the Bank’s Tier 1 capital as a percentage of the Bank's total assets was 11.23%, and total qualifying capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets was 15.83%.

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Item 3- Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 4 – Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended December 31, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal proceedings

None.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

a.)

Not applicable.

b.)

Not applicable.

c.)

The Company repurchased 2,194 shares of its common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2022. Through December 31, 2022, the Company had 467,887 shares in treasury that were repurchased at an average price of $12.44 pursuant to stock repurchase plans. On December 8, 2022, the Company announced a stock repurchase program of up to 5% of its outstanding shares of common stock, or 337,146 shares.

The following table reports information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2022.

					Remaining Number
	Total Number		Average		of Shares That
	of Shares		Price Paid		May be Purchased
Period	Purchased		Per Share		Under the Plan
October 1, 2022 through October 31, 2022		1,752	$	12.52		442
November 1, 2022 through November 31, 2022		442	$	12.58		—
December 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022		—	$	—		337,146
Total		2,194	$	12.54

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.

Other Information

a.)

Not applicable.

b.)

None.

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Item 6.

Exhibits

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101

Interactive data file containing the following financial statements formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021; and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within Inline XBRL document contained in Exhibit 101).

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	MAGYAR BANCORP, INC.
	(Registrant)




Date: February 13, 2023	/s/ John S. Fitzgerald
	John S. Fitzgerald
	President and Chief Executive Officer



Date: February 13, 2023	/s/ Jon R. Ansari
	Jon R. Ansari
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer