MALVERN BANCORP, INC. - Quarter Report: 2018 December (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended December 31, 2018

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 000-54835

MALVERN BANCORP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Pennsylvania

45-5307782

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

42 Lancaster Avenue, Paoli, Pennsylvania 19301

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(610) 644-9400

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one):

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, par value $0.01:	7,774,594 shares
(Title of Class)	(Outstanding as of February 11, 2019)

Table of Contents

		Page

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3

Item 1.	Financial Statements	4
	Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31, 2018 (unaudited) and September 30, 2018	4
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	6
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	8
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	34

Item 3.	Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risks	48

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	48

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION.		49

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	49

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	49

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	49

Item 3.	Default Upon Senior Securities	49

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure	49

Item 5.	Other Information	49

Item 6.	Exhibits	49

SIGNATURES		50

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X, and, accordingly, do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal and recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended December 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending September 30, 2019, or for any other interim period. The Malvern Bancorp, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 should be read in conjunction with these financial statements.

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Item 1. Financial Statements

MALVERN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(Unaudited)

	December 31, 2018			September 30, 2018
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
ASSETS
Cash and due from depository institutions	$	1,377		$	1,563
Interest bearing deposits in depository institutions		98,499			29,271
Cash and Cash Equivalents		99,876			30,834
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $19,768 and $24,804, respectively)		19,231			24,298
Investment securities held to maturity (fair value of $28,557 and $28,968, respectively)		29,323			30,092
Restricted stock, at cost		9,493			8,537
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $9,247 and $9,021, respectively		924,639			902,136
Other real estate owned		5,796			-
Accrued interest receivable		3,724			3,800
Property and equipment, net		7,067			7,181
Deferred income taxes		3,367			3,195
Bank-owned life insurance		19,524			19,403
Other assets		6,452			4,475
Total Assets	$	1,128,492		$	1,033,951
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities
Deposits:
Deposits-noninterest-bearing		39,734			41,677
Deposits-interest-bearing		803,466			732,486
Total Deposits		843,200			774,163
FHLB advances		118,000			118,000
Other short-term borrowings		-			2,500
Subordinated debt		24,500			24,461
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance		2,142			1,305
Accrued interest payable		1,251			784
Other liabilities		3,720			1,915
Total Liabilities		992,813			923,128
Commitments and Contingencies		-			-
Shareholders' Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued		-			-
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding: 7,774,594 at December 31, 2018 and 6,580,879 shares at September 30, 2018		78			66
Additional paid-in-capital		84,481			61,099
Retained earnings		52,423			50,412
Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) shares		(1,302	)		(1,338	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(1	)		584
Total Shareholders' Equity		135,679			110,823
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	1,128,492		$	1,033,951

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MALVERN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest and Dividend Income
Loans, including fees	$	10,095	$	8,701
Investment securities, taxable		251		230
Investment securities, tax-exempt		61		65
Dividends, restricted stock		133		69
Interest-bearing cash accounts		372		446
Total Interest and Dividend Income		10,912		9,511
Interest Expense
Deposits		2,944		2,155
Short-term borrowings		5		19
Long-term borrowings		633		563
Subordinated Debt		383		392
Total Interest Expense		3,965		3,129
Net Interest Income		6,947		6,382
Provision for Loan Losses		1,453		-
Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan losses		5,494		6,382
Other Income
Service charges and other fees		940		271
Rental income - other		67		66
Net gains on sale of real estate		-		1,186
Net gains on sale of loans		18		67
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance		121		121
Total Other Income		1,146		1,711
Other Expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		2,008		1,990
Occupancy expense		539		562
Federal deposit insurance premium		69		76
Advertising		30		54
Data processing		254		278
Professional fees		499		788
Other real estate owned expense, net		21		-
Other operating expenses		674		723
Total Other Expenses		4,094		4,471
Income before income tax expense		2,546		3,622
Income tax expense		535		3,219
Net Income	$	2,011	$	403
Earnings Per Common Share:
Basic	$	0.27	$	0.06
Diluted	$	0.27	$	0.06
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:
Basic		7,555,810		6,445,264
Diluted		7,555,969		6,450,513

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MALVERN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Net Income	$	2,011		$	403
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale securities		(33	)		(83	)
Tax effect		7			25
Net of tax amount		(26	)		(58	)
Accretion of unrealized holding losses on securites transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity		2			2
Tax effect		(1	)		(1	)
Net of tax amount		1			1
Fair value adjustments on derivatives		(710	)		242
Tax effect		150			(23	)
Net of tax amount		(560	)		219
Total other comprehensive (loss), income		(585	)		162
Total comprehensive income	$	1,426		$	565

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MALVERN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Unearned ESOP Shares			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance, October 1, 2017		66		60,736		43,139		(1,483	)		62			102,520
Net Income		-		-		403		-			-			403
Other comprehensive income		-		-		-		-			162			162
Committed to be released ESOP shares (3,600 shares)		-		60		-		36			-			96
Stock based compensation		-		15		-		-			-			15
Balance, December 31, 2017		66		60,811		43,542		(1,447	)		224			103,196
Balance, October 1, 2018		66		61,099		50,412		(1,338	)		584			110,823
Net Income		-		-		2,011		-			-			2,011
Other comprehensive loss		-		-		-		-			(585	)		(585	)
Stock issuance (net of issuance of proceeds of $25,000)		12		23,332		-		-			-			23,344
Committed to be released ESOP shares (3,600 shares)		-		36		-		36			-			72
Stock based compensation		-		14		-		-			-			14
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	78	$	84,481	$	52,423	$	(1,302	)	$	(1	)	$	135,679

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MALVERN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$	2,011		$	403
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense		191			187
Provision for loan losses		1,453			-
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense		(295	)		2,849
ESOP expense		72			96
Stock based compensation		14			15
Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments securities, net		269			294
(Accretion) amortization of loan origination fees and costs		(192	)		8
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights		10			13
Net gain on sale of real estate		-			(1,186	)
Net gain on sale of secondary market loans		(18	)		(67	)
Proceeds from sale of secondary market loans		1,544			5,112
Originations of secondary market loans		(1,525	)		(5,045	)
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance		(121	)		(121	)
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable		76			(205	)
Increase in accrued interest payable		467			405
Increase in other liabilities		1,805			1,981
Increase in other assets		(2,419	)		(367	)
Amortization of subordinate debt		39			39
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities		3,381			4,411

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Investment securities available-for-sale:
Purchases		(5,000	)		(30,140	)
Sales		25			-
Maturities, calls and principal repayments		10,000			123
Investment securities held-to-maturity:
Maturities, calls and principal repayments		512			747
(Loan originations) and principal collections, net		(29,560	)		27,559
Net increase in restricted stock		(956	)		(371	)
Proceeds from sale of real estate		-			1,315
Purchase of property and equipment		(78	)		(183	)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities		(25,057	)		(950	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net increase in deposits		69,037			6,703
Proceeds for long-term borrowings		30,000			35,000
Repayment of long-term borrowings		(30,000	)		(35,000	)
Repayment of other borrowed money		(2,500	)		-
Increase in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance		837			1,342
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock		23,344			-
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities		90,718			8,045
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents		69,042			11,506
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning		30,834			117,136
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Ending	$	99,876		$	128,642
Supplemental Cash Flows Information
Interest paid	$	3,498		$	2,724
Income taxes paid	$	163		$	-
Non-cash transfer to other real estate owned	$	5,796		$	-

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 – The Company

Malvern Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company” or “Malvern Bancorp”), a Pennsylvania corporation, is a registered bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “Holding Company Act”). Malvern Bancorp is the holding company for Malvern Bank, National Association (“Malvern Bank” or the “Bank”), a national bank that was originally organized in 1887 as a federally-chartered savings bank. Malvern Bank now serves as one of the oldest banks headquartered on the Philadelphia Main Line. For more than a century, the Bank has been committed to helping people build prosperous communities as a trusted financial partner, forging lasting relationships through teamwork, respect and integrity. Effective February 12, 2018, the Bank converted from a federal savings bank charter to a national bank charter and Malvern Bancorp converted from a savings and loan holding company to a bank holding company. On October 9, 2018, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $25.0 million and net proceeds of approximately $23.3 million (after deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses).

The Bank conducts business from its headquarters in Paoli, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, and through its nine other banking locations in Chester, Delaware and Bucks counties, Pennsylvania, Palm Beach Florida, and Morristown, New Jersey, its New Jersey regional headquarters. The Bank also maintains a representative office in Montchanin, Delaware. The Bank’s primary market niche is providing personalized service to its client base.

In preparing the unaudited consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the dates of the unaudited consolidated statements of condition and that affect the results of operations for the periods presented. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, other real estate owned, the evaluation of deferred tax assets, the other-than-temporary impairment evaluation of securities, and the valuation of derivative positions. The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”).

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of financial statement presentation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Malvern Bank, National Association and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Malvern Insurance Associates, LLC. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements present the Company’s financial position at December 31, 2018 and the results of operations for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, and cash flows for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, which include normal and recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations as of the dates and for the interim periods presented. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and note disclosures included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on December 14, 2018. The consolidated statement of operations for the three- month periods ended December 31, 2018 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations or cash flows for the full year ending September 30, 2019 or any other period.

There have been no significant changes to our Critical Accounting Policies as described in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Financial. Instruments. In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The ASU requires an organization to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied currently will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. Organizations will continue to use judgment to determine which loss estimation method is appropriate for their circumstances. Additionally, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. For public companies, this ASU will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning

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after December 15, 2019. All entities may adopt the amendments in this Update earlier as of the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect to early adopt these changes. The Bank has a software system in place to assist with the calculation of Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”). Data is being collected and refined and testing of the various models is in process. The Company is evaluating the impact of this new requirement to the consolidated financial statements.

Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The update requires lessees to recognize, as of the lease commencement date, assets and liabilities for all such leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, which is a change from the current GAAP requirement to recognize only capital leases on the balance sheet. Pursuant to the new standard, the liability initially recognized for the lease obligation is equal to the present value of the lease payments not yet made, discounted over the lease term at the implicit interest rate of the lease, if available, or otherwise at the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate. The lessee is also required to recognize an asset for its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, based on the liability subject to certain adjustments, such as for initial direct costs. Leases are required to be classified as either operating or finance, with expense on operating leases recorded as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis. For finance leases, interest expense on the lease liability is required to be recognized separately from the straight-line amortization of the right-of-use asset. Quantitative disclosures are required for certain items, including the cost of leases, the weighted-average remaining lease term, the weighted-average discount rate and a maturity analysis of lease liabilities. Additional qualitative disclosures are also required regarding the nature of the leases, such as basis, terms and conditions of: (i) variable interest payments; (ii) extension and termination options; and (iii) residual value guarantees. For lessors, the standard modifies classification criteria and accounting for sales- type and direct financing leases and requires a lessor to derecognize the carrying value of the leased asset that is considered to have been transferred to a lessee and record a lease receivable and residual asset (“receivable and residual” approach). This Update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect to early adopt this standard. The new standard allows for a cumulative effect adjustment in the year of adoption by applying the new guidance as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, using a modified retrospective transition approach with certain optional practical expedients. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance but expects to report higher assets and liabilities as a result of including additional leases on the consolidated statement of financial condition.

Note 3 – Non-Interest Income

On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted the amendments of ASU 2014-09 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606. A significant amount of the Company’s revenues is derived from net interest income on financial assets and liabilities, which are excluded from the scope of the amended guidance. Some sources of revenue included within non-interest income fall within the scope of Topic 606, while other sources do not. The Company recognizes revenue when the performance obligations related to the transfer of goods or services under the terms of the contract are satisfied. Some obligations are satisfied at a point in time while others are satisfied over a period of time. Revenue is recognized as the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. When consideration includes a variable component, the amount of consideration attributable to variability is included in the transaction price only to the extent it is probable that significant revenue recognized will not be reversed when uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Company’s contracts generally do not contain terms that require significant judgement to determine the variability impacting the transaction price. The Company has included the following table regarding the Company’s non-interest income for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017
	(Dollars in thousands)
Rental income - other	$	67	$	66
Net gains on sale of real estate		-		1,186
Net gains on sale of loans		18		67
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance		121		121
Non-interest income within the scope of other GAAP topics		206		1,440
ATM fees		1		4
Credit card fee income		6		6
DDA fee income		37		36
DDA service fees		19		18
Debit card fees		60		56
Other loan fee income		764		65
Other fee income		52		84

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Other non-interest income		1		2
Non-interest income from contracts with customers	$	940	$	271
Total Non-interest Income	$	1,146	$	1,711

The majority of our revenue-generating transactions are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as our loans, investment securities, derivatives as well as revenue related to BOLI, sales of investment securities, rental income, and gain on sale of loans. Revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, which are presented in our statements of operations as components of other income included certain fees such as credit card fee income, DDA service and fee income, and debit card fees. The increase in other loan fee income is primarily due to the recognition of approximately $708,000 of net swap fees through the Bank’s commercial loan hedging program.

Note 4 – Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding reduced by unearned ESOP shares. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding and common stock equivalents (“CSEs”) that would arise from the exercise of dilutive securities reduced by unearned ESOP shares. During the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Company granted 3,238 restricted shares , which are considered CSEs. The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended December 31, 2018.

The following table sets forth the composition of the weighted average shares (denominator) used in the earnings per share computations.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
	(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Net Income	$	2,011		$	403
Weighted average shares outstanding		7,668,751			6,572,605
Average unearned ESOP shares		(112,941	)		(127,341	)
Basic weighted average share outstanding		7,555,810			6,445,264
Plus: effect of potential dilutive common stock equivalents - stock options		159			5,249
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		7,555,969			6,450,513
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.27		$	0.06
Diluted	$	0.27		$	0.06

Note 5 – Employee Stock Ownership Plan

The Company established an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) for substantially all of its full-time employees. The current ESOP trustee is Pentegra. Shares of the Company’s common stock purchased by the ESOP are held until released for allocation to participants. Shares released are allocated to each eligible participant based on the ratio of each such participant’s base compensation to the total base compensation of all eligible plan participants. As the unearned shares are committed to be released and allocated among participants, the Company recognizes compensation expense equal to the fair value of the ESOP shares during the periods in which they become committed to be released. To the extent that the fair value of the ESOP shares released differs from the cost of such shares, the difference is charged or credited to additional paid-in capital. During the period from May 20, 2008 to September 30, 2008, the ESOP purchased 241,178 shares of the common stock for approximately $2.6 million, an average price of $10.86 per share, which was funded by a loan from Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. (the Company’s predecessor). The ESOP loan is being repaid principally from the Bank’s contributions to the ESOP. The loan, which bears an interest rate of 5%, is being repaid in quarterly installments through 2026. Shares are released to participants proportionately as the loan is repaid. During each of the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were 3,600 shares committed to be released. At December 31, 2018, there were 111,165 unallocated shares and 148,053 allocated shares held by the ESOP. The unallocated shares had an aggregate fair value of approximately $2.2 million at December 31, 2018.

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Note 6 - Investment Securities

The Company’s investment securities are classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at December 31, 2018 and at September 30, 2018. Investment securities available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses included in equity, net of tax. Accordingly, the carrying value of such securities reflects their fair value at the balance sheet date. Fair value is based upon either quoted market prices, or in certain cases where there is limited activity in the market for a particular instrument, assumptions are made to determine their fair value.

Transfers of debt securities from the available-for-sale category to the held-to-maturity category are made at fair value at the date of transfer. The unrealized holding gain or loss at the date of transfer remains in accumulated other comprehensive income and in the carrying value of the held-to-maturity investment security. Premiums or discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted using the effective interest method over the life of the security as an adjustment of yield. Unrealized holding gains or losses that remain in accumulated other comprehensive income are amortized or accreted over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment of yield, offsetting the related amortization of the premium or accretion of the discount.

The following tables present information related to the Company’s investment securities at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018.

	December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Investment Securities Available-for-Sale:
State and municipal obligations	$	6,944	$	3	$	(14	)	$	6,933
Single issuer trust preferred security		1,000		-		(128	)		872
Corporate debt securities		11,574		-		(398	)		11,176
Mutual fund		250		-		-			250
Total		19,768		3		(540	)		19,231
Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	2,000	$	-	$	(14	)	$	1,986
State and municipal obligations		8,124		6		(27	)		8,103
Corporate debt securities		3,689		-		(48	)		3,641
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMO), fixed-rate		15,510		-		(683	)		14,827
		29,323		6		(772	)		28,557
Total investment securities	$	49,091	$	9	$	(1,312	)	$	47,788

	September 30, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Investment Securities Available-for-Sale:
U.S. treasury notes	$	9,996	$	-	$	(10	)	$	9,986
State and municipal obligations		6,953		-		(66	)		6,887
Single issuer trust preferred security		1,000		-		(79	)		921
Corporate debt securities		6,605		-		(351	)		6,254
Mutual fund		250		-		-			250
Total		24,804		-		(506	)		24,298
Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	1,999	$	-	$	(20	)	$	1,979
State and municipal obligations		8,181		-		(66	)		8,115
Corporate debt securities		3,715		-		(49	)		3,666
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMO), fixed-rate		16,197		-		(989	)		15,208
	$	30,092	$	-	$	(1,124	)	$	28,968
Total investment securities	$	54,896	$	-	$	(1,630	)	$	53,266

-12-

For the three months ended December 31, 2018 proceeds of available-for-sale investment securities sold amounted to approximately $25,000. There was no gain or loss with this sale. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, no available-for-sale investment securities were sold.

The following tables indicate gross unrealized losses not recognized in income and fair value, aggregated by investment category and the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

	December 31, 2018
	Less than 12 Months					More than 12 Months					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
	(In thousands)
Investment Securities Available for Sale:
State and municipal obligations	$	1,635	$	(3	)	$	2,791	$	(11	)	$	4,426	$	(14	)
Single issuer trust preferred security		-		-			872		(128	)		872		(128	)
Corporate debt securities		4,950		(25	)		6,226		(373	)		11,176		(398	)
Total	$	6,585	$	(28	)	$	9,889	$	(512	)	$	16,474	$	(540	)
Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	-	$	-		$	1,986	$	(14	)	$	1,986	$	(14	)
State and municipal obligations		1,860		(1	)		5,077		(26	)		6,937		(27	)
Corporate debt securities		3,641		(48	)		-		-			3,641		(48	)
Mortgage-backed securities:
CMO, fixed-rate		-		-			14,827		(683	)		14,827		(683	)
Total	$	5,501	$	(49	)	$	21,890	$	(723	)	$	27,391	$	(772	)
Total investment securities	$	12,086	$	(77	)	$	31,779	$	(1,235	)	$	43,865	$	(1,312	)

	September 30, 2018
	Less than 12 Months					More than 12 Months					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
	(In thousands)
Investment Securities Available for Sale:
U.S. treasury and notes	$	9,986	$	(10	)	$	-	$	-		$	9,986	$	(10	)
State and municipal obligations		5,433		(56	)		1,000		(10	)		6,433		(66	)
Single issuer trust preferred security		-		-			921		(79	)		921		(79	)
Corporate debt securities		-		-			6,254		(351	)		6,254		(351	)
Total	$	15,419	$	(66	)	$	8,175	$	(440	)	$	23,594	$	(506	)
Investment Securities Held-to-Maturity:
U.S. government agencies	$	-	$	-		$	1,979	$	(20	)	$	1,979	$	(20	)
State and municipal obligations		8,115		(66	)		-		-			8,115		(66	)
Corporate debt securities		3,666		(49	)		-		-			3,666		(49	)
Mortgage-backed securities:
CMO, fixed-rate		127		(6	)		15,081		(983	)		15,208		(989	)
Total		11,908		(121	)		17,060		(1,003	)		28,968		(1,124	)
Total investment securities	$	27,327	$	(187	)	$	25,235	$	(1,443	)	$	52,562	$	(1,630	)

As of December 31, 2018, the estimated fair value of the securities disclosed above was primarily dependent upon the movement in market interest rates, particularly given the inherent credit risk associated with these securities. These investment securities are comprised of securities that are rated investment grade by at least one bond credit rating service. Although the fair value will fluctuate as market interest rates move, management believes that these fair values will recover as the underlying portfolios mature and are reinvested in market rate yielding investments. As of December 31, 2018, the Company held two U.S. government agency securities, thirteen municipal bonds, five corporate securities, 37 mortgage-backed securities and one single issuer trust preferred security which were in an unrealized loss position. The Company does not intend to sell and expects that it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities until such time as the value recovers or the securities mature. Management does not believe any individual unrealized loss as of December 31, 2018 represents other-than-temporary impairment.

-13-

Investment securities having a carrying value of approximately $7.5 million and $17.9 million at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, respectively were pledged to secure deposits. In addition, no investment securities were pledged to secure short-term borrowings at December 31, 2018. Investment securities having a carrying value of $3.1 million at September 30, 2018 were pledged to secure short-term borrowings.

The following table presents information for investment securities at December 31, 2018, based on scheduled maturities. Actual maturities can be expected to differ from scheduled maturities due to prepayment or early call options of the issuer.

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Available-for-Sale:
Within 1 year	$	1,003	$	1,000
Over 1 year through five years		8,337		8,170
After 5 years through ten years		9,973		9,606
Over 10 years		455		455
Total	$	19,768	$	19,231
Held-to-Maturity:
Within 1 year		2,000		1,986
After 5 years through ten years		5,542		5,491
Over 10 years		6,271		6,253
Mortgage-backed securities:
Collaterized mortgage obligations, fixed-rate		15,510		14,827
Total	$	29,323	$	28,557
Total investment securities	$	49,091	$	47,788

Note 7 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans receivable in the Company’s portfolio consisted of the following at the dates indicated below:

	December 31, 2018			September 30, 2018

Residential mortgage	$	202,306		$	197,219
Construction and Development:
Residential and commercial		41,140			37,433
Land		7,180			9,221
Total Construction and Development		48,320			46,654
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		508,448			493,929
Farmland		12,054			12,066
Multi-family		44,989			45,102
Other		84,236			80,059
Total Commercial		649,727			631,156
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		14,484			14,884
Second mortgages		16,674			18,363
Other		1,915			2,315
Total Consumer		33,073			35,562
Total loans		933,426			910,591
Deferred loan fees and costs, net		460			566
Allowance for loan losses		(9,247	)		(9,021	)
Total loans receivable, net	$	924,639		$	902,136

-14-

The following tables summarize the primary classes of the allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”), segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018. Activity in the allowance is presented for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and the year ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

				Construction and Development					Commercial											Consumer
	Residential Mortgage			Residential and Commercial		Land			Commercial Real Estate			Farmland			Multi- Family		Other			Home Equity Lines of Credit			Second Mortgages		Other			Unallocated			Total
Allowance for loan losses:	(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
Beginning Balance	$	1,062		$	393	$	49		$	5,031		$	66		$	232	$	467		$	82		$	326	$	51		$	1,262		$	9,021
Charge-offs		(17	)		-		-			(1,223	)		-			-		-			-			-		(1	)		-			(1,241	)
Recoveries		-			-		-			3			-			-		2			-			8		1			-			14
Provisions		119			46		(4	)		1,533			(2	)		42		(7	)		(3	)		57		(7	)		(321	)		1,453
Ending balance	$	1,164		$	439	$	45		$	5,344		$	64		$	274	$	462		$	79		$	391	$	44		$	941		$	9,247
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	-		$	-	$	-		$	338		$	-		$	-	$	-		$	-		$	179	$	26		$	-		$	543
Ending balance: collectively evaluted for impairment	$	1,164		$	439	$	45		$	5,006		$	64		$	274	$	462		$	79		$	212	$	18		$	941		$	8,704
Loans receivable:
Ending balance	$	202,306		$	41,140	$	7,180		$	508,448		$	12,054		$	44,989	$	84,236		$	14,484		$	16,674	$	1,915					$	933,426
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,627		$	-	$	72		$	10,349		$	-		$	-	$	-		$	34		$	619	$	26					$	14,727
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	198,679		$	41,140	$	7,108		$	498,099		$	12,054		$	44,989	$	84,236		$	14,450		$	16,055	$	1,889					$	918,699

-15-

				Construction and Development					Commercial										Consumer
		Residential Mortgage		Residential and Commercial		Land			Commercial Real Estate		Farmland		Multi- Family			Other			Home Equity Lines of Credit		Second Mortgages		Other			Unallocated			Total
Allowance for loan losses:	(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
Beginning Balance		$	1,004	$	523	$	132		$	3,581	$	9	$	224		$	541		$	90	$	402	$	27		$	1,872		$	8,405
Charge-offs			-		-		-			-		-		-			-			-		-		(2	)		-			(2	)
Recoveries			2		-		-			9		-		-			1			1		19		2			-			34
Provisions			23		9		(2	)		670		3		(24	)		(93	)		3		42		3			(634	)		-
Ending balance		$	1,029	$	532	$	130		$	4,260	$	12	$	200		$	449		$	94	$	463	$	30		$	1,238		$	8,437
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		$	-	$	-	$	-		$	156	$	-	$	-		$	-		$	-	$	156	$	1		$	-		$	313
Ending balance: collectively evaluted for impairment		$	1,029	$	532	$	130		$	4,104	$	12	$	200		$	449		$	94	$	307	$	29		$	1,238		$	8,124
Loans receivable:
Ending balance		$	186,831	$	34,627	$	18,599		$	427,610	$	1,711	$	32,716		$	71,933		$	16,811	$	21,304	$	2,435					$	814,577
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		$	2,438	$	-	$	89		$	1,347	$	-	$	-		$	239		$	10	$	578	$	1					$	4,702
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment		$	184,393	$	34,627	$	18,510		$	426,263	$	1,711	$	32,716		$	71,694		$	16,801	$	20,726	$	2,434					$	809,875

-16-

					Construction and Development						Commercial										Consumer
		Residential Mortgage			Residential and Commercial			Land			Commercial Real Estate			Farmland		Multi- Family		Other			Home Equity Lines of Credit			Second Mortgages			Other			Unallocated			Total
Allowance for loan losses:	(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended September 30, 2018
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning Balance		$	1,004		$	523		$	132		$	3,581		$	9	$	224	$	541		$	90		$	402		$	27		$	1,872		$	8,405
Charge-offs			(60	)		-			-			(276	)		-		-		(45	)		-			(88	)		(2	)		-			(471	)
Recoveries			58			-			-			11			-		-		4			1			52			7			-			133
Provisions			60			(130	)		(83	)		1,715			57		8		(33	)		(9	)		(40	)		19			(610	)		954
Ending balance		$	1,062		$	393		$	49		$	5,031		$	66	$	232	$	467		$	82		$	326		$	51		$	1,262		$	9,021
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		$	-		$	-		$	-		$	1,448		$	-	$	-	$	-		$	-		$	103		$	26		$	-		$	1,577
Ending balance: collectively evaluted for impairment		$	1,062		$	393		$	49		$	3,583		$	66	$	232	$	467		$	82		$	223		$	25		$	1,262		$	7,444
Loans receivable:
Ending balance		$	197,219		$	37,433		$	9,221		$	493,929		$	12,066	$	45,102	$	80,059		$	14,884		$	18,363		$	2,315					$	910,591
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		$	3,148		$	-		$	76		$	17,409		$	-	$	-	$	-		$	34		$	635		$	26					$	21,328
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment		$	194,071		$	37,433		$	9,145		$	476,520		$	12,066	$	45,102	$	80,059		$	14,850		$	17,728		$	2,289					$	889,263

In assessing the adequacy of the ALLL, it is recognized that the process, methodology and underlying assumptions require a significant degree of judgment. The estimation of credit losses is not precise; the range of factors considered is wide and is significantly dependent upon management’s judgment, including the outlook and potential changes in the economic environment. At present, components of the commercial loan segments of the portfolio are new originations and the associated volumes continue to see increased growth. At the same time, historical loss levels have decreased as factors in assessing the portfolio. The combination of these factors has given rise to an increase in the unallocated level within the allowance. Any unallocated portion of the allowance in conjunction with the quarterly review and changes to the qualitative factors to adjust for the risk due to current economic conditions, reflects management’s estimate of probable inherent but undetected losses within the portfolio due to uncertainties in economic conditions, regulatory requirements, delays in obtaining information, including unfavorable information about a borrower’s financial condition, the difficulty in identifying triggering events that correlate perfectly to subsequent loss rates, and risk factors that have not yet manifested themselves in loss allocation factors.

-17-

The following table presents impaired loans in portfolio by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018.

	Impaired Loans with Specific Allowance				Impaired Loans with No Specific Allowance		Total Impaired Loans
	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2018
Residential mortgage	$	-	$	-	$	3,627	$	3,627	$	3,782
Construction and Development:
Land		-		-		72		72		72
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		9,807		338		542		10,349		10,626
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		-		-		34		34		35
Second mortgages		196		179		423		619		671
Other		26		26		-		26		26
Total impaired loans	$	10,029	$	543	$	4,698	$	14,727	$	15,212
September 30, 2018
Residential mortgage	$	-	$	-	$	3,148	$	3,148	$	3,337
Construction and Development:
Land		-		-		76		76		76
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		16,343		1,448		1,066		17,409		17,685
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		-		-		34		34		34
Second mortgages		120		103		515		635		730
Other		26		26		-		26		26
Total impaired loans	$	16,489	$	1,577	$	4,839	$	21,328	$	21,888

The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans in portfolio and related interest income recognized for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Average Impaired Loans		Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans
	(in thousands)
Residential mortgage	$	3,563	$	27
Construction and Development:
Land		73		1
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		15,017		76
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		45		-
Second mortgages		625		2
Other		26		-
Total	$	19,349	$	106

-18-

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
	Average Impaired Loans		Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans
	(in thousands)
Residential mortgage	$	2,390	$	12
Construction and Development:
Land		91		1
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		820		6
Other		241		3
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		10		-
Second mortgages		495		2
Other		1		-
Total	$	4,048	$	24

The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by loans considered to be rated as pass and the categories of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018.

	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2018:
Residential mortgage	$	197,816	$	-	$	4,490	$	-	$	202,306
Construction and Development:
Residential and commercial		41,140		-		-		-		41,140
Land		7,108		-		72		-		7,180
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		495,225		1,549		11,674		-		508,448
Farmland		12,054		-		-		-		12,054
Multi-family		44,989		-		-		-		44,989
Other		84,086		-		150		-		84,236
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		14,353		-		131		-		14,484
Second mortgages		15,700		101		873		-		16,674
Other		1,888		-		27		-		1,915
Total	$	914,359	$	1,650	$	17,417	$	-	$	933,426

	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(In thousands)
September 30, 2018:
Residential mortgage	$	193,584	$	-	$	3,635	$	-	$	197,219
Construction and Development:
Residential and commercial		37,433		-		-		-		37,433
Land		9,146		-		75		-		9,221
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		474,232		949		18,748		-		493,929
Farmland		12,066		-		-		-		12,066
Multi-family		45,102		-		-		-		45,102
Other		79,902		-		157		-		80,059
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		14,707		-		177		-		14,884
Second mortgages		17,402		103		858		-		18,363
Other		2,289		-		26		-		2,315
Total	$	885,863	$	1,052	$	23,676	$	-	$	910,591

-19-

The following table presents loans that are no longer accruing interest by portfolio class.

	December 31, 2018		September 30, 2018
	(In thousands)
Non-accrual loans:
Residential mortgage	$	1,783	$	1,817
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		520		520
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		34		34
Second mortgages		199		290
Other		26		26
Total non-accrual loans	$	2,562	$	2,687

Under the Bank’s loan policy, once a loan has been placed on non-accrual status, we do not resume interest accruals until the loan has been brought current and has maintained a current payment status for not less than six consecutive months. Interest income that would have been recognized on nonaccrual loans had they been current in accordance with their original terms was approximately $79,000 and $10,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. At December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018 there were approximately $759,000 and $374,000, respectively, of loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest. At December 31, 2018, $718,000 of loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest is attributed to one residential mortgage loan which is currently under 30 days delinquent for principal and interest due.

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by whether a loan payment is “current,” that is, it is received from a borrower by the scheduled due date, or the length of time a scheduled payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018.

	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days and More Past Due		Total Past Due		Total Loans Receivable		Loans Receivable > 90 Days and Accruing
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2018:
Residential mortgage	$	197,767	$	2,334	$	1,069	$	1,137		4,540	$	202,306	$	719
Construction and Development:
Residential and commercial		41,140		-		-		-		-		41,140		-
Land		7,180		-		-		-		-		7,180		-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		506,980		948		-		520		1,468		508,448		-
Farmland		12,054		-		-		-		-		12,054		-
Multi-family		44,989		-		-		-		-		44,989		-
Other		84,236		-		-		-		-		84,236		-
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		14,284		69		97		34		200		14,484		-
Second mortgages		16,327		187		25		135		347		16,674		39
Other		1,886		2		-		26		28		1,915		1
Total	$	926,843	$	3,540	$	1,191	$	1,852	$	6,583	$	933,426	$	759

-20-

	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Total Loans Receivable		Loans Receivable > 90 Days and Accruing
	(In thousands)
September 30, 2018:
Residential mortgage	$	193,727	$	450	$	1,016	$	2,026	$	3,492	$	197,219	$	339
Construction and Development:
Residential and commercial		37,433		-		-		-		-		37,433		-
Land		9,221		-		-		-		-		9,221		-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		485,886		449		7,019		575		8,043		493,929		-
Farmland		12,066		-		-		-		-		12,066
Multi-family		45,102		-		-		-		-		45,102		-
Other		80,059		-		-		-		-		80,059		-
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		14,815		-		-		69		69		14,884		35
Second mortgages		17,928		121		103		211		434		18,363		-
Other		2,282		7		1		25		33		2,315		-
Total	$	898,519	$	1,027	$	8,139	$	2,906	$	12,072	$	910,591	$	374

Restructured loans deemed to be trouble debt restructures (“TDRs”) are typically the result of extension of the loan maturity date or a reduction of the interest rate of the loan to a rate that is below market, a combination of rate and maturity extension, or by other means including covenant modifications, forbearance and other concessions. However, the Company generally only restructures loans by modifying the payment structure to require payments of interest only for a specified period or by reducing the actual interest rate. Once a loan becomes a TDR, it will continue to be reported as a TDR during the term of the restructure.

The Company had twenty-two and eighteen loans classified as TDRs at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, respectively, with an aggregate outstanding balance of $12.7 million and $18.9 million, respectively. At December 31, 2018, these loans were also classified as impaired. Eighteen of the TDR loans continue to perform under the restructured terms through December 31, 2018 and we continued to accrue interest on such loans through such date. As previously disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K filed on December 14, 2018, one TDR with an aggregate outstanding balance of approximately $7.0 million ceased to perform under modified terms and as a result the Company accepted a deed in lieu of foreclosure. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, the Company established a specific reserve of approximately $1.3 million in its allowance for loan and lease losses as part of its quarterly credit review of the loan. The loan was performing under the terms of its modification agreement and had a letter of intent in place with an interested national tenant. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, the Bank was alerted that the letter of intent fell through with a prospective national tenant. Subsequently, the loan was charged down by $1.2 million, to the appraised estimated fair market value less additional costs to sell the property, to a value of $5.8 million and transferred to other real estate owned. The Bank has engaged with a national real estate broker to list and market the property.

The Company had a $1.5 million provision for loan losses during the quarter ended December 31, 2018 compared to $125,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. Provision expense was higher during the first quarter fiscal 2019 due primarily to the TDR commercial real estate loan write-down of approximately $1.2 million noted above and continued growth in the commercial loan portfolio during the quarter. At the same time the Company added a new qualitative factor, defined as Regulatory Oversight, to its allowance methodology to address the difference in the required allowance based on asset quality and the directionally consistent level of the allowance. Unique to the other factors, this is a single calculation figure which is subsequently applied to the loan portfolio by loan type (Commercial, Residential and Consumer) based upon the percent of each to total loans. It is derived from a review of a peer group consisting of 10 banks with similar asset size within the same general geographic area of Malvern Bank. This new factor amounted for an additional $390,000 added to the provision for the period.

Primarily, as a result of this transfer to other real estate owned, TDR loans at December 31, 2018 decreased by $6.2 million compared to September 30, 2018 and total non-performing assets at December 31, 2018 increased by $6.1 million compared to September 30, 2018.

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All of such loans have been classified as TDRs since we modified the payment terms and in some cases interest rate from the original agreements and allowed the borrowers, who were experiencing financial difficulty, to make interest only payments for a period of time in order to relieve some of their overall cash flow burden. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and could result in potential incremental losses. These potential incremental losses have been factored into our overall estimate of the allowance for loan losses. The level of any defaults will likely be affected by future economic conditions. A default on a troubled debt restructured loan for purposes of this disclosure occurs when the borrower is 90 days past due or a foreclosure or repossession of the applicable collateral has occurred.

TDRs may arise in which, due to financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, the Company obtains through physical possession one or more collateral assets in satisfaction of all or part of an existing credit. Once possession is obtained, the Company reclassifies the appropriate portion of the remaining balance of the credit from loans to other real estate owned (“OREO”), which is included within other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. For any residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan, the Company is considered to possess the related collateral only if legal title is obtained upon completion of foreclosure, or the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or similar legal agreement. Excluding OREO, the Company had $2.1 million and $1.4 million of residential real estate properties in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, respectively.

	Total Troubled Debt Restructurings				Troubled Debt Restructured Loans That Have Defaulted on Modified Terms Within The Past 12 Months
	Number of Loans		Recorded Investment		Number of Loans		Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in thousands)
At December 31, 2018:
Residential mortgage		14	$	2,537		4	$	500
Construction and Development:
Land		1		72		-		-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		3		9,830		-		-
Consumer:
Second mortgages		4		225		-		-
Total		22	$	12,664	$	4	$	500
At September 30, 2018:
Residential mortgage		10	$	1,816		3	$	289
Construction and Development:
Land		1		76		-		-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		4		16,889		-		-
Consumer:
Second mortgages		3		148		-		-
Total		18	$	18,929		3	$	289

The following table reports the performing status of all TDR loans. The performing status is determined by the loans compliance with the modified terms.

	December 31, 2018				September 30, 2018
	Performing		Non-Performing		Performing		Non-Performing
	(In thousands)
Residential mortgage	$	2,037	$	500	$	1,527	$	289
Construction and Development:
Land		72		-		76		-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		9,830		-		16,889		-
Consumer:
Second mortgages		225		-		148		-
Total	$	12,164	$	500	$	18,640	$	289

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The following table shows the new TDRs for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018						2017
	Number of Contracts		Pre- Modifications Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts		Pre- Modifications Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
	(Dollars in thousands)
Troubled Debt Restructurings:
Residential mortgage		4	$	732	$	726		-	$	-	$	-
Consumer:
Second mortgages		1	$	80	$	79		-	$	-	$	-
Total troubled debt restructurings		5	$	812	$	805		-	$	-	$	-

Note 8 - Regulatory Matters

The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk-weightings and other factors.

In July of 2013, the respective U.S. federal banking agencies issued final rules implementing Basel III and the Dodd-Frank Act capital requirements to be fully phased in on a global basis on January 1, 2019. The new regulations establish a new tangible common equity capital requirement, increase the minimum requirement for the current Tier 1 risk-weighted asset (“RWA”) ratio, phase out certain kinds of intangibles treated as capital and certain types of instruments and change the risk weightings of certain assets used to determine required capital ratios. The new common equity Tier 1 capital component requires capital of the highest quality – predominantly composed of retained earnings and common stock instruments. For community banks such as Malvern Federal Savings Bank, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5% became effective on January 1, 2015. The new capital rules also increased the minimum Tier 1 capital ratio from 4.0% to 6.0% beginning on January 1, 2015. The rules also establish a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital requirements, which must consist entirely of common equity Tier 1 capital and would result in the following minimum ratios: (1) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 7.0%, (2) a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%, and (3) a total capital ratio of 10.5%. The new capital conservation buffer requirement was phased in beginning in January 2017 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increased by that amount each year until fully implemented in January 2019. An institution is also subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if its capital level falls below the buffer amount. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of tangible and core capital (as defined in the regulations) to total adjusted tangible assets (as defined) and of risk-based capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets (as defined).

As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s and the Bank’s current capital levels exceed the required capital amounts to be considered “well capitalized” and we believe they also meet the fully-phased in minimum capital requirements, including the related capital conservation buffers, as required by the Basel III capital rules.

On October 9, 2018, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $25.0 million and net proceeds of approximately $23.3 million (after deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated offering expenses).

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The following table summarizes the Company’s compliance with applicable regulatory capital requirements as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

	Actual					For Capital Adequacy Purposes					To be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2018
Tier 1 Leverage (Core) Capital (to adjusted assets)	$	135,679		12.55	%	$	43,246		4.00	%	$	54,058		5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		135,679		14.61	%		41,793		4.50	%		60,368		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		135,679		14.61	%		55,724		6.00	%		74,299		8.00	%
Total Risk Based Capital (to risk weighted assets)		169,494		18.25	%		74,299		8.00	%		92,874		10.00	%
As of September 30, 2018
Tier 1 Leverage (Core) Capital (to adjusted assets)	$	110,239		10.63	%	$	41,491		4.00	%	$	51,864		5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		110,239		12.62	%		39,322		4.50	%		56,799		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		110,239		12.62	%		52,430		6.00	%		69,906		8.00	%
Total Risk Based Capital (to risk weighted assets)		143,787		16.45	%		69,906		8.00	%		87,383		10.00	%

The following table summarizes the Bank’s compliance with applicable regulatory capital requirements as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

	Actual					For Capital Adequacy Purposes					To be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2018
Tier 1 Leverage (Core) Capital (to adjusted assets)	$	144,216		13.35	%	$	43,219		4.00	%	$	54,024		5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		144,216		15.54	%		41,752		4.50	%		60,308		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		144,216		15.54	%		55,670		6.00	%		74,225		8.00	%
Total Risk Based Capital (to risk weighted assets)		153,530		16.55	%		74,225		8.00	%		92,782		10.00	%
As of September 30, 2018
Tier 1 Leverage (Core) Capital (to adjusted assets)	$	131,746		12.71	%	$	41,450		4.00	%	$	51,812		5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		131,746		15.09	%		39,293		4.50	%		56,756		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets)		131,746		15.09	%		52,390		6.00	%		69,853		8.00	%
Total Risk Based Capital (to risk weighted assets)		140,833		16.13	%		69,853		8.00	%		87,317		10.00	%

Note 9 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business

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activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its debt funding and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. At December 31, 2018, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with FHLB advances.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates approximately $381,000 to be reclassified to earnings in interest expense. The Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions over a maximum period of twenty months (excluding forecasted transactions related to the payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments).

The Company executes interest rate swaps with commercial banking customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. Those interest rate swaps are simultaneously hedged by offsetting interest rate swaps that the Company executes with a third party, such that the Company minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. These derivatives are not designated as hedges and are not speculative. Rather, these derivatives result from a service the Company provides to certain customers, which the Company implemented during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. As the interest rate swaps associated with this program do not meet the hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized directly in earnings.

The tables below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

`	December 31, 2018
	Asset derivatives					Liability derivatives
	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location
	(Dollars in thousand)
Derivatives designated as a hedging instrument:
Interest rate swap agreement	$	35,000	$	739	Other assets	$	30,000	$	204	Other liabilities
Derivatives not designated as a hedging instrument:
Interest rate swap agreement	$	25,350	$	1,139	Other assets	$	25,350	$	1,140	Other liabilities

September 30, 2018

Asset derivatives

Liability derivatives

Notional Amount

Fair Value

Balance Sheet Location

Notional Amount

Fair Value

Balance Sheet Location

(Dollars in thousand)

Derivatives designated as a hedging instrument:

Interest rate swap agreement

65,000

1,245

Other assets

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The tables below presents the net gains (losses) recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and the Consolidated Statements of Income relating to the cash flow derivative instruments for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative			Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Interest Income
	(Dollars in thousand)
Interest rate swap agreements	$	(639	)	$	71
Total derivatives		(639	)		71

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative		Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Interest Expense
	(Dollars in thousand)
Interest rate swap agreements	$	230	$	(13	)
Total derivatives		230		(13	)

The tables below present the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the quarter ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Consolidated Statement of Income	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on derivatives
	(Dollars in thousand)
Derivatives not designated as a hedging instrument:
Interest rate swap agreement	Other income	$ (1)
Total		$ (1)




	Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
	Consolidated Statement of Income	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on derivatives
	(Dollars in thousand)
Derivatives not designated as a hedging instrument:
Interest rate swap agreement		$ -
Total		$ -

The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations.

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At December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the fair value of derivatives was in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk, related to these agreements. There were no adjustments for nonperformance risk at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018. At December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with certain of its derivative counterparties and has posted collateral of zero for both periods, respectively, against its obligations under these agreements. If the Company had breached any of these provisions at December 31, 2018, it could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at the termination value and would have been required to pay any additional amounts due in excess of amounts previously posted as collateral with the respective counterparty.

Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement,” to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and to determine fair value disclosures for the Company’s financial instruments. Investment and mortgage-backed securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, real estate owned and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The Company groups its assets at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1— Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

Level 2—Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level 3—Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset.

The Company bases its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy.

Fair value measurements for assets where there exists limited or no observable market data and, therefore, are based primarily upon the Company’s or other third-party’s estimates, are often calculated based on the characteristics of the asset, the economic and competitive environment and other factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future valuations.

The Company monitors and evaluates available data to perform fair value measurements on an ongoing basis and recognizes transfers among the levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the date event or a change in circumstances that affects the valuation method chosen. There were no changes in valuation technique or transfers between levels at December 31, 2018 or September 30, 2018.

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The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

	December 31, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities available for sale:
Debt securities:
State and municipal obligations	$	6,933	$	-	$	6,933	$	-
Single issuer trust preferred security		872		-		872		-
Corporate debt securities		11,176		-		11,176		-
Mutual funds		250		-		-		250
Total investment securities available for sale	$	19,231	$	-	$	18,981	$	250
Derivative instruments	$	1,878	$	-	$	1,878	$	-
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments	$	1,344	$	-	$	1,344	$	-

	September 30, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities available for sale:
Debt securities:
U.S. treasury notes	$	9,986	$	9,986	$	-	$	-
State and municipal obligations		6,887		-		6,887		-
Single issuer trust preferred security		921		-		921		-
Corporate debt securities		6,254		-		6,254		-
Mutual funds		250		-		-		250
Total investment securities available for sale	$	24,298	$	9,986	$	14,062	$	250
Derivative instruments	$	1,245	$	-	$	1,245	$	-

For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still held at the end of the period, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018:

	December 31, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Other real estate owned	$	5,796	$	-	$	-	$	5,796
Impaired loans⁽¹⁾		9,486		-		-		9,486
Total	$	15,282	$	-	$	-	$	15,282

	December 31, 2018
	Fair Value at December 31, 2018		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range/(Weighted Average)
	(In thousands)
Other real estate owned	$	5,796	Appraisal of Collateral(2)	Collateral discount(3)	0%/(0%)
Impaired loans⁽¹⁾		9,486	Appraisal of Collateral(2)	Collateral discount(3)	8.5%-12%/(9.1%)
Total	$	15,282

(1)	At December 31, 2018, consisted of nine loans with an aggregate balance of $10.0 million and with $543,000 in specific loan loss allowance.

(2)	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral primarily using comparable sales.

(3)	Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as time, changes in economic conditions and estimated liquidation expense.

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	September 30, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Impaired loans⁽¹⁾	$	15,611	$	-	$	-	$	15,611
Total	$	15,611	$	-	$	-	$	15,611

	September 30, 2018
	Fair Value at September 30, 2018		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range/(Weighted Average)
	(In thousands)
Impaired loans⁽¹⁾	$	15,611	Appraisal of Collateral⁽²⁾	Collateral discount⁽³⁾	8%-12%/(7.9%)
Total	$	15,611

(1)	At September 30, 2018, there were twelve loans with an aggregate balance of $17.2 million and with $1.6 million in specific loan loss allowance.

(2)	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral primarily using comparable sales.

(3)	Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as time, changes in economic conditions and estimated liquidation expense.

At December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the Company did not have any additions to our mortgage servicing assets. At December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the Company only sold loans with servicing released.

The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 825. The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methods. However, considerable judgment is necessarily required to interpret market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. FASB ASC 825 excludes certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018. Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018 and, therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents—These assets are carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.

Investment Securities—Investment and mortgage-backed securities available for sale (carried at fair value) are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurements for these securities are typically obtained from independent pricing services that we have engaged for this purpose. When available, we, or our independent pricing service, use quoted market prices to measure fair value. If market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based upon models that incorporate available trade, bid and other market information and for structured securities, cash flow and, when available, loan performance data. Because many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, our independent pricing service’s applications apply available information through processes such as benchmark curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing to prepare evaluations. For each asset class, pricing applications and models are based on information from market sources and integrate relevant credit information. All of our securities available for sale are valued using either of the foregoing methodologies to determine fair value adjustments recorded to our financial statements.

Loans Receivable—We do not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for loans are primarily for estimating fair value for FASB ASC 825 disclosure purposes. However, from time to time, we record nonrecurring fair value adjustments to loans to reflect partial write-downs for impairment or the full charge-off of the loan carrying value. The valuation of impaired loans is discussed below. The fair value estimate for FASB ASC 825 purposes differentiates loans based on their financial characteristics, such as product classification, loan category, pricing features and remaining maturity.

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Prepayment and credit loss estimates are evaluated by loan type and rate. The fair value of loans is estimated by discounting contractual cash flows using discount rates based on current industry pricing, adjusted for prepayment and credit loss estimates.

Impaired Loans—Impaired loans are valued utilizing independent appraisals that rely upon quoted market prices for similar assets in active markets. These appraisals include adjustments to comparable assets based on the appraisers’ market knowledge and experience. The appraisals are adjusted downward by management, as necessary, for changes in relevant valuation factors subsequent to the appraisal date and are considered level 3 inputs.

Accrued Interest Receivable—This asset is carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.

Restricted Stock—Although restricted stock is an equity interest in the FHLB, it is carried at cost because it does not have a readily determinable fair value as its ownership is restricted and it lacks a market. The estimated fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Other Real Estate Owned—Assets acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure are recorded at estimated fair value less estimated selling costs when acquired, thus establishing a new cost basis. Fair value is generally based on independent appraisals. These appraisals include adjustments to comparable assets based on the appraisers’ market knowledge and experience, and are considered level 3 inputs. When an asset is acquired, the excess of the loan balance over fair value, less estimated selling costs, is charged to the allowance for loan losses. If the estimated fair value of the asset declines, a write-down is recorded through expense. The valuation of foreclosed assets is subjective in nature and may be adjusted in the future because of, among other factors, changes in the economic conditions.

Deposits—Deposit liabilities are carried at cost. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for deposits are primarily for estimating fair value for FASB ASC 825 disclosure purposes. The fair value of deposits is discounted based on rates available for borrowings of similar maturities. A decay rate is estimated for non-time deposits. The discount rate for non-time deposits is adjusted for servicing costs based on industry estimates.

Borrowings—Advances from the FHLB are carried at amortized cost. However, we are required to estimate the fair value of long-term debt under FASB ASC 825. The fair value is based on the contractual cash flows discounted using rates currently offered for new notes with similar remaining maturities.

Subordinated Debt—The calculation of fair value in level 2 is based on observable market values where available.

Derivatives— The fair value of derivatives are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (level 2). Our derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rate, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs is actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services.

Accrued Interest Payable—This liability is carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.

Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit— The majority of the Company’s commitments to extend credit and letters of credit carry current market interest rates if converted to loans and are not included in the table below. Because commitments to extend credit and letters of credit are generally unassignable by either the Bank or the borrower, they only have value to the Company and the borrower. The estimated fair value approximates the recorded deferred fee amounts, which are not significant.

Mortgage Servicing Rights—The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on observable market prices when available or the present value of expected future cash flows when not available. Assumptions, such as loan default rates, costs to service, and prepayment speeds significantly affect the estimate of future cash flows. Mortgage servicing rights are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

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The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018 are presented below:

	December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	99,876	$	99,876	$	99,876	$	-	$	-
Investment securities available for sale		19,231		19,231		-		18,981		250
Investment securities held to maturity		29,323		28,557		-		28,557		-
Loans receivable, net (including impaired loans)		924,639		921,891		-		-		921,891
Accrued interest receivable		3,724		3,724		-		3,724		-
Restricted stock		9,493		9,493		-		9,493		-
Mortgage servicing rights (included in Other Assets)		213		241		-		241		-
Derivatives (included in Other Assets)		1,878		1,878		-		1,878
Financial liabilities:
Savings accounts		44,438		44,438		-		44,438		-
Checking and NOW accounts		300,759		300,759		-		300,759		-
Money market accounts		253,436		253,436		-		253,436		-
Certificates of deposit		244,567		245,770		-		245,770		-
Borrowings (excluding sub debt)		118,000		118,074		-		118,074		-
Subordinated debt		24,500		24,500		-		24,500		-
Derivatives (included in Other Liabilities)		1,344		1,344		-		1,344		-
Accrued interest payable		1,251		1,251		-		1,251		-

	September 30, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	30,834	$	30,834	$	30,834	$	-	$	-
Investment securities available for sale		24,298		24,298		9,986		14,062		250
Investment securities held to maturity		30,092		28,968		-		28,968		-
Loans receivable, net (including impaired loans)		902,136		893,520		-		-		893,520
Accrued interest receivable		3,800		3,800		-		3,800		-
Restricted stock		8,537		8,537		-		8,537		-
Mortgage servicing rights (included in Other Assets)		223		268		-		268		-
Derivatives (included in Other Assets)		1,245		1,245		-		1,245
Financial liabilities:
Savings accounts		44,642		44,642		-		44,642		-
Checking and NOW accounts		225,750		225,750		-		225,750		-
Money market accounts		270,834		270,834		-		270,834		-
Certificates of deposit		232,937		234,398		-		234,398		-
Borrowings (excluding sub debt)		120,500		120,420		-		120,420		-
Subordinated debt		24,461		24,461		-		24,461		-
Accrued interest payable		784		784		-		784		-

Note 11 – Income Taxes

In the fiscal first quarter of 2018, the Company revised its estimated annual effective rate to reflect a change in the federal statutory rate from 35% to 21%, resulting from legislation that was enacted on December 22, 2017. The rate change was administratively effective at the beginning of our calendar year, using a blended rate for the annual period. As a result, the blended statutory tax rate for the year was 24.5%. The provisional amount recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 is related to the re-measurement of our deferred tax asset was $2.3 million, and no further adjustments were made.

A reconciliation from the expected federal income tax expense computed at the statutory federal income tax rate to the actual income tax expense included in the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

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	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018				2017
	(In thousands)

Tax at statutory rate	$	535		21.0%	$	878		24.5%
Increase/(reduction) in taxes resulting from:
State tax, net of federal benefit		69		2.7%		170		4.3%
Tax-exempt interest		(3	)	(0.1)%		(11	)	(0.3)%
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance		(25	)	(1.0)%		(30	)	(0.8)%
Other		(41	)	(1.6)%		-		-%
Subtotal	$	535		21.0%	$	1,007		27.7%
Impact of change in tax law	$	-		-%	$	2,212		61.2%
Total	$	535		21.0%	$	3,219		88.9%

Note 12 – Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in shareholders’ equity are as follows:

	December 31, 2018			September 30, 2018
	(In thousands)
Net unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(537	)	$	(506	)
Tax effect		113			106
Net of tax amount		(424	)		(400	)
Fair value adjustments on derivatives		535			1,245
Tax effect		(112	)		(261	)
Net of tax amount		423			984
Total accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	$	(1	)	$	584

Other comprehensive income (loss) and related tax effects are presented in the following table:

	December 31,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Net unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(33	)	$	(83	)
Amortization of unrealized holding losses on securites transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity		2			2
Fair value adjustments on derivatives		(710	)		242
Other comprehensive (loss) income before taxes		(741	)		161
Tax effect		156			1
Total comprehensive (loss) income	$	(585	)	$	162

Note 13 – Equity Based Incentive Compensation Plan

The Company maintains the Malvern Bancorp, Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2014 Plan”), which permits the grant of long-term incentive and other stock and cash awards. The purpose of the 2014 Plan is to promote the success of the Company and the Bank by providing incentives to officers, employees and directors of the Company and the Bank that will link their personal interests to the financial success of the Company and to growth in shareholder value. The maximum total number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grants under the 2014 Plan is 400,000. As of December 31, 2018, there were 358,360 remaining shares available for future grants.

Restricted stock and option awards granted vest in 20% increments beginning on the one year anniversary of the grant date, and accelerate upon a change in control of the Company. The options generally expire ten years from the date of grant. All issuances are subject to forfeiture if the recipient leaves or is terminated prior to the award’s vesting. Shares of restricted stock have the same dividend and voting rights as common stock while options do not.

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All awards are issued at fair value of the underlying shares at the grant date. The Company expenses the cost of the awards, which is determined to be the fair market value of the awards at the date of grant.

There were no stock options granted during the three months ended December 31, 2018. During the three months ended December 31, 2017, stock options covering a total of 4,664 shares of common stock were granted. Total compensation expense related to options granted under the 2014 Plan was approximately $1,000 and $4,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

During the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 a total of 3,238 and 4,768 restricted shares were awarded, respectively. The compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was approximately $13,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2018 and approximately $11,000 during the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Stock-based compensation expense for the cost of the awards granted is based on the grant-date fair value. For stock option awards, the fair value is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, changes to which can materially affect the fair value estimate. Additionally, there may be other factors that would otherwise have a significant effect on the value of employee stock options granted but are not considered by the model. Accordingly, while management believes that the Black-Scholes option-pricing model provides a reasonable estimate of fair value, the model does not necessarily provide the best single measure of fair value for the Company’s employee stock options.

Stock Options

The following is a summary of stock option activity for the three months ended December 31, 2018:

	Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, beginning of year		15,996	$	22.34			$	41,490
Granted		-	$	-			$	-
Exercised		-	$	-			$	-
Forfeited/cancelled/expired		-	$	-			$	-
Outstanding, end of year		15,996	$	22.34		8.383	$	11,130
Exercisable, end of year		3,804	$	21.35		8.204	$	4,452
Nonvested, at end of year		12,192	$	22.65

As of December 31, 2018, there was $78,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested options under the Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.01 years.

Restricted Stock Awards

The table below summarizes the activity for the Company’s restricted stock outstanding during the three months ended December 31, 2018:

	Shares		Weighted Average Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of year		14,340	$	20.36
Granted		3,238	$	19.57
Vested		-	$	-
Forfeited/cancelled/expired		-	$	-
Outstanding, end of year		17,578	$	22.33

As of December 31, 2018, there was $320,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested shares of restricted stock granted under the Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.18 years.

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Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The purpose of this analysis is to provide the reader with information relevant to understanding and assessing the Company’s results of operations for the periods presented herein and financial condition as of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018. In order to fully understand this analysis, the reader is encouraged to review the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward looking statements (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the regulations thereunder). Forward looking statements are not historical facts but instead represent only the beliefs, expectations or opinions of Malvern Bancorp, Inc. and its management regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain. Forward looking statements may be identified by the use of such words as: ‘‘believes,’’ ‘‘expects,’’ ‘‘anticipates,’’ ‘‘plans,’’ ‘‘trend,’’ ‘‘objective,’’ ‘‘continue,’’ ‘‘remain,’’ ‘‘pattern,’’ or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional terms such as ‘‘will,’’ ‘‘would,’’ ‘‘should,’’ ‘‘could,’’ ‘‘might,’’ ‘‘can,’’ or ‘‘may.’’ Forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, financial projections and estimates and their underlying assumptions; statements regarding plans, objectives and expectations with respect to future operations, products and services; and statements regarding future performance. Such statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, many of which are difficult to predict and generally are beyond the control of Malvern Bancorp, Inc. and its management, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, forward looking statements. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward looking statements: (1) competitive pressures among depository institutions may increase significantly; (2) changes in the interest rate environment may reduce interest margins; (3) prepayment speeds, loan origination and sale volumes, charge-offs and loan loss provisions may vary substantially from period to period; (4) general economic conditions may be less favorable than expected; (5) political developments, wars or other hostilities may disrupt or increase volatility in securities markets or other economic conditions; (6) legislative or regulatory changes or actions may adversely affect the businesses in which Malvern Bancorp, Inc. is engaged; (7) changes and trends in the securities markets may adversely impact Malvern Bancorp, Inc.; (8) difficulties in integrating any businesses that we may acquire, which may increase our expenses and delay the achievement of any benefits that we may expect from such acquisitions; (9) the impact of reputation risk created by the developments discussed above on such matters as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity could be significant; and (10) the outcome of regulatory and legal investigations and proceedings may not be anticipated.

As used in this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company” refer to Malvern Bancorp, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation and it’s subsidiaries, and the term the “Bank” refers to Malvern Bank, National Association, a national bank and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. In addition, unless the context otherwise requires, references to the operations of the Company include the operations of the Bank.

This report contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These measures include net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis, including the efficiency ratio. Our management uses these non-GAAP measures, together with the related GAAP measures, in its analysis of our performance and in making business decisions. Management also uses these measures for peer comparisons. The tax equivalent adjustment to net interest income recognizes the income tax savings when comparing taxable and tax-exempt assets and assumes a 21% and 24.5% federal income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Management believes that it is standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest income and net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis, and accordingly believes that providing these measures may be useful for peer comparison purposes. These disclosures should not be viewed as substitutes for the results determined to be in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be represented by other companies. Reconciliations of net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis to net interest income and net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis to net interest margin are contained in the tables under “Earnings-Net Interest Income and Margin.”

Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies followed by Malvern Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) conform, in all material respects, to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the dates of the consolidated statements of condition and for the periods indicated in the statements of operations. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

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The Company’s accounting policies are fundamental to understanding Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of financial condition and results of operations. The Company has identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses, other real estate owned, fair value measurements, the evaluation of deferred tax assets, the other-than-temporary impairment evaluation of securities, other real estate owned, and the valuation of our derivative positions to be critical because management must make subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available. Additional information on these policies can be found in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to our Critical Accounting Policies as described in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Earnings

Net income available to common shareholders for the three months ended December 31, 2018 amounted to $2.0 million, or $0.27 per fully diluted common share, an increase of $1.6 million, or 399.0 percent, as compared with net income of $403,000, or $0.06 per common share, for the quarter ended December 31, 2017. The annualized return on average assets was 0.74 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2018, compared to annualized return on average assets of 0.15 percent for three months ended December 31, 2017. The annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 6.00 percent for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018, compared to 1.55 percent in annualized return on average shareholders’ equity for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Net Interest Income and Margin on a Fully Tax-Equivalent Basis, Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Net interest income is the difference between the interest earned on the portfolio of earning assets (principally loans and investments) and the interest paid for deposits and borrowings, which support these assets. Net interest income is presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP financial measure, by adjusting tax-exempt income (primarily interest earned on obligations of state and political subdivisions) by the amount of income tax which would have been paid had the assets been invested in taxable issues. We believe this to be the preferred measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable amounts.

The following table shows the Company’s calculation of net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis, non-GAAP financial measure.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017
Net interest income	$	6,947	$	6,382
Tax-equivalent adjustment, investment income		10		10
Tax-equivalent adjustment,loan interest		1		1
Net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis (Non-GAAP)		6,958		6,393

(1)	Computed using a federal income tax rate of 21.0 and 24.25 percent for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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The following table presents the components of net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP measure, for the periods indicated, together with a reconciliation of net interest income as reported under GAAP.

Net Interest Income (tax-equivalent basis)

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			Increase (Decrease)			Percent Change
Interest income:
Loans, including fees	$	10,096		$	8,702		$	1,394		16.02%
Investment securities		322			305			17		5.57%
Interest-bearing cash accounts		372			446			(74	)	(16.59)%
Dividends, restricted stock		133			69			64		92.75%
Total interest income		10,923			9,522			1,401		14.71%
Interest expense:
Deposits		2,944			2,155			789		36.61%
Short-term borrowings		5			19			(14	)	(73.68)%
Long-term borrowings		633			563			70		12.43%
Subordinated debt		383			392			(9	)	(2.30)%
Total interest expense		3,965			3,129			836		26.72%
Net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis		6,958			6,393			565		8.84%
Tax-equivalent adjustment⁽¹⁾		(11	)		(11	)		-		-%
Net interest income, as reported under GAAP	$	6,947		$	6,382		$	565		8.85%

(1)	Computed using a federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent and 24.25 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP measure, increased $565,000 or 8.8 percent to $7.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same period in fiscal 2018. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the net interest margin (which is defined as net interest income as a percentage of total average interest-earnings assets and is presented herein on an annualized basis) on a fully tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP measure, increased 18 basis points to 2.65 percent from 2.47 percent during the three months ended December 31, 2017. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, an increase in the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets of 48 basis points together with an increase of 39 basis points in the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, resulted in an increase in the Company’s net interest spread of 9 basis points for the period.

For the three-month period ended December 31, 2018, total interest income on a tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP measure, increased by $1.4 million or 14.7 percent, to $10.9 million, compared to the same three-month period in fiscal 2018. This increase in interest income was due primarily to an increase in the average volume of interest-earning assets, due primarily to an increase in the average balances of the loan portfolio. The average balance of the loan portfolio increased by $89.3 million, to $912.3 million, from an average of $822.9 million in the same quarter in fiscal 2018, primarily reflecting net increases in residential loans and commercial loans. Average loans represented approximately 86.9 percent of average interest-earning assets during the first quarter of fiscal 2019 compared to 79.5 percent in the same quarter in fiscal 2018. Average investment securities volume decreased during the first three months of fiscal 2019 by $5.6 million, to $53.9 million, compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2018.

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, interest expense increased $836,000, or 26.7 percent, to $4.0 million, compared to the same three-month period in fiscal 2018. The annualized average rate of total interest-bearing liabilities increased 39 basis points to 1.76 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2018, from 1.37 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2017. At the same time, the average balance of total interest-bearing liabilities decreased by $12.5 million. This decrease primarily reflects a decrease in the average balance of total interest-bearing deposit accounts of $7.3 million and a decrease in the average balance of borrowings of $5.2 million. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Company’s annualized net interest spread on a tax-equivalent basis, a non-GAAP measure, increased to 2.40 percent, from 2.31 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

The following table quantifies the impact on net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis , a non-GAAP measure, resulting from changes in average balances and average rates during the periods presented. Any change in interest income or expense attributable to both changes in volume and changes in rate has been allocated in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of change in each category.

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Analysis of Variance in Net Interest Income Due to Changes in Volume and Rates

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018 vs. 2017
Tax-Equivalent Basis	Volume			Rate			Net Change
	(In thousands)
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans, including fees	$	944		$	450		$	1,394
Investment securities		(29	)		46			17
Interest-bearing cash accounts		(218	)		144			(74	)
Dividends, restricted stock		31			33			64
Total interest-earning assets	$	728		$	673		$	1,401
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
Money Market deposits	$	(84	)	$	337		$	253
Savings deposits		1			-			1
Certificates of deposits		(126	)		289			163
Other interest-bearing deposits		93			279			372
Total interest-bearing deposits		(116	)		905			789
Borrowings		(35	)		82			47
Total interest-bearing liabilities	$	(151	)	$	987		$	836
Change in net interest income	$	879		$	(314	)	$	565

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Average Balances, Net Interest Income, and Yields Earned and Rates Paid. The following table shows for the periods indicated the total dollar amount of interest from average interest-earning assets and the resulting yields, as well as the interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities, expressed both in dollars and rates, and the net interest margin (net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets). Tax-exempt income and yields have been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis. All average balances are based on monthly balances. Management does not believe that the monthly averages differ significantly from what the daily averages would be. Quarterly rates, yields, spreads and margins throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis are calculated on an annualized basis where appropriate.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018									2017
Tax-Equivalent Basis ("TE")	Average Outstanding Balance			Interest Earned/ Paid			Yield/ Rate			Average Outstanding Balance			Interest Earned/ Paid			Yield/ Rate
	(Dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Interest Earning Assets:
Loans, including fees⁽¹⁾	$	912,259		$	10,096			4.43	%	$	822,941		$	8,702			4.23	%
Investment securities		53,882			322			2.39	%		59,453			305			2.05	%
Interest-bearing cash accounts		75,456			372			1.97	%		147,591			446			1.21	%
Dividends, restricted stock		8,415			133			6.32	%		5,782			69			4.77	%
Total interest-earning assets(1)		1,050,012			10,923			4.16	%		1,035,767			9,522			3.68	%
Non interest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks		1,353									1,533
Bank-owned life insurance		19,474									18,994
Other assets		18,252									20,117
Other real estate owned		693									-
Allowance for loan losses		(8,638	)								(8,419	)
Total non interest-earning assets		31,134									32,225
Total assets	$	1,081,146								$	1,067,992
LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Money Market deposits	$	259,123			1,074			1.66	%	$	288,843			821			1.14	%
Savings deposits		44,514			10			0.09	%		43,663			10			0.09	%
Certificates of deposits		241,873			1,217			2.01	%		274,785			1,054			1.53	%
Other interest-bearing deposits		213,303			643			1.20	%		158,814			270			0.68	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	$	758,813			2,944			1.55	%		766,105			2,155			1.13	%
Borrowings		142,103			1,021			2.87	%		147,322			974			2.64	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		900,916			3,965			1.76	%		913,427			3,129			1.37	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits		40,420									42,760
Other liabilities		5,750									8,086
Total non-interest liabilities		46,170									50,846
Shareholders' equity		134,060									103,719
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	1,081,146								$	1,067,992
Net interest income (tax equivalent basis)				$	6,958								$	6,393
Net interest spread (tax equivalent)								2.40	%								2.31	%
Net interest margin⁽²⁾ (tax equivalent)								2.65	%								2.47	%
Tax equivalent effect								0.00	%								0.01	%
Net interest margin on a GAAP basis								2.65	%								2.46	%
Tax equivalent adjustment					(11	)								(11	)
Net interest income (GAAP)				$	6,947								$	6,382


(1)	Includes non-accrual loans during the respective periods. Calculated net of deferred loan fees and loan discounts.


(2)	Computed using a federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent and 24.5 percent, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

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Investment Portfolio

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the average volume of investment securities decreased by $5.6 million to approximately $53.9 million or 5.1 percent of average earning assets, from $59.5 million on average, or 5.7 percent of average earning assets, for the comparable period in fiscal 2018. At December 31, 2018, the total investment portfolio amounted to $48.6 million, a decrease of $5.8 million, or 10.7 percent, from September 30, 2018. The decrease in the investment portfolio was primarily due to the maturation of U.S. treasury notes and the purchase of corporate bonds and notes during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. At December 31, 2018, the principal components of the investment portfolio were government agency obligations, Federal agency obligations including mortgage-backed securities, obligations of U.S. states and political subdivision, corporate bonds and notes, and equity securities.

During the three-month period ended December 31, 2018, the volume-related factors decreased investment revenue by approximately $29,000, while rate-related factors increased investment revenue by approximately $46,000 from the same period in fiscal 2018. The tax-equivalent yield on investments increased by 34 basis points to 2.39 percent for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the three-month period ended December 31, 2017 at 2.05 percent. The yield on the portfolio increased in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 due primarily to rate related factors.

Loan Portfolio

Lending is one of the Company’s primary business activities. The Company’s loan portfolio consists of residential, construction and development, commercial and consumer loans, serving the diverse customer base in its market area. The composition of the Company’s portfolio continues to change due to the local economy. Factors such as the economic climate, interest rates, real estate values and employment all contribute to these changes. Growth is generated through business development efforts, repeat customer requests for new financings, penetration into existing markets and entry into new markets.

The Company seeks to create growth in commercial lending by offering customer-focused products and competitive pricing and by capitalizing on the positive trends in its market area. Products offered are designed to meet the financial requirements of the Company’s customers. It is the objective of the Company’s credit policies to diversify the commercial loan portfolio to limit concentrations in any single industry.

At December 31, 2018, total gross loans amounted to $933.4 million, an increase of $22.8 million or 2.5 percent as compared to September 30, 2018. For the three-month period ended December 31, 2018, there was an increase of $18.6 million in commercial loans, a $5.1 million increase in residential mortgage loans, a $1.6 million increase in construction and development loans partially offset by a $2.5 million reduction in consumer loans. Total gross loans recorded in the quarter ended December 31, 2018 included new loan volume $64.7 million, which was offset by loan payoffs of $16.8 million, prepayments totaling $13.1 million, and amortization of $12.0 million.

Even though the Company continues to be challenged by the competition for lending relationships that exists within its market, growth in volume has been achieved through successful lending sales efforts to build on continued customer relationships.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had $140.8 million in overall undisbursed loan commitments, which consisted primarily of unused commercial lines of credit, home equity lines of credit and available usage from active construction facilities. The Company's current "Approved, Accepted but Unfunded" pipeline, includes approximately $81.0 million in commercial and construction loans and $3.0 million in residential mortgage loans expected to fund over the the following quarter.

The average balance of our total loans increased $89.3 million or 10.9 percent for the three months ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same period in fiscal 2018, while the average yield on loans increased 20 basis points for the three months ended December 31, 2018 compared with the same period in fiscal 2018. The increase in average total loan volume was due primarily to the volume of new loan originations. During the first quarter of fiscal 2019 compared to the same period fiscal 2018, the volume-related factors during the period contributed to an increase of interest income on loans of $944,000, while the rate-related changes increased interest income on loans by $450,000.

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Allowance for Loan Losses and Related Provision

The purpose of the allowance for loan losses (the “allowance”) is to absorb the impact of losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Additions to the allowance are made through provisions charged against current operations and through recoveries made on loans previously charged-off. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at an amount considered adequate by management to provide for probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio based upon a periodic evaluation of the portfolio’s risk characteristics. In establishing an appropriate allowance, an assessment of the individual borrowers, a determination of the value of the underlying collateral, a review of historical loss experience and an analysis of the levels and trends of loan categories, delinquencies and problem loans are considered. Such factors as the level and trend of interest rates and current economic conditions and peer group statistics are also reviewed. Given the extraordinary economic volatility impacting national, regional and local markets, the Company’s analysis of its allowance for loan losses takes into consideration the potential impact that current trends may have on the Company’s borrower base.

Although management uses the best information available, the level of the allowance for loan losses remains an estimate, which is subject to significant judgment and short-term change. Various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to increase the allowance based on their analysis of information available to them at the time of their examination. Furthermore, the majority of the Company’s loans are secured by real estate in the State of Pennsylvania. Future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary due to economic factors impacting Pennsylvania real estate and the economy in general, as well as operating, regulatory and other conditions beyond the Company’s control.

For December 31, 2018 the allowance for loan losses amounted to approximately $9.2 million, or 0.99 percent of total loans. For September 30, 2018, the allowance for loan losses amounted to approximately $9.0 million, or 0.99 percent of total loans. The Company had a $1.5 million provision for loan losses during the quarter ended December 31, 2018 compared to $125,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. We recorded no provision for loan losses during the quarter ended December 31, 2017. Provision expense was higher during the first quarter fiscal 2019 due primarily to the TDR commercial real estate loan write-down of approximately $1.2 million and continued growth in the commercial loan portfolio during the quarter. At the same time the Company added a new qualitative factor, defined as Regulatory Oversight, to its allowance methodology to address the difference in the required allowance based on asset quality and the directionally consistent level of the allowance. Unique to the other factors, this is a single calculation figure which is subsequently applied to the loan portfolio by loan type (Commercial, Residential and Consumer) based upon the percent of each to total loans. It is derived from a review of a peer group consisting of 10 banks with similar asset size within the same general geographic area of Malvern Bank. This new factor amounted for an additional $390,000 added to the provision for the period.

The net charge-offs were $1.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 compared to $32,000 in net recoveries for the three months ended December 31, 2017. As previously disclosed in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2018 included in Form 10-K that was filed on December 14, 2018, one commercial real estate loan classified as a TDR with an aggregate outstanding balance of approximately $7.0 million ceased to perform under modified terms and as a result the Company accepted a deed in lieu of foreclosure. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018 the Company established a specific reserve of approximately $1.3 million in its allowance for loan and lease losses as part of its quarterly credit review of the loan. The loan was performing under the terms of its modification agreement and had a letter of intent in place with an interested national tenant. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, the Bank was alerted that the letter of intent fell through with a prospective national tenant. Subsequently, the loan was charged down by $1.2 million, to the appraised estimated fair market value less additional costs to sell the property, to a value of $5.8 million and transferred to other real estate owned. The Bank has engaged with a national real estate broker to list and market the property.

The level of the allowance for the respective periods of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 reflects the credit quality within the loan portfolio, the loan volume recorded during the periods, the changing composition of the commercial and residential real estate loan portfolios and other related factors. In management’s view, the level of the allowance at December 31, 2018 was adequate to cover losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Actual results could differ materially from management’s analysis, based principally upon the factors considered by management in establishing the allowance.

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Changes in the allowance for loan losses are presented in the following table for the periods indicated.

	For the Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Average loans outstanding	$	912,259		$	822,941
Total gross loans at end of period	$	933,426		$	814,577
Analysis of the Allowance of Loan Losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	9,021		$	8,405

Charge-offs:
Residential Mortgage		17			-
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		1,223			-
Consumer:
Other		1			2
Total charge-offs		1,241			2
Recoveries:
Residential Mortgage		-			2
Commercial:
Commercial real estate		3			9
Other		2			1
Consumer:
Home equity lines of credit		-			1
Second mortgages		8			19
Other		1			2
Total recoveries		14			34
Net charge-offs (recoveries)		1,227			(32	)
Provision for loan losses		1,453			-
Balance at end of period	$	9,247		$	8,437
Ratios:
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans		278.44	%		326.14	%
Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans outstanding (1)		0.54	%	(0.02)%
Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to total allowance for loan losses		13.27	%	(0.38)%

(1)

Annualized

Asset Quality

The Company manages asset quality and credit risk by maintaining diversification in its loan portfolio and through review processes that include analysis of credit requests and ongoing examination of outstanding loans, delinquencies, and potential problem loans, with particular attention to portfolio dynamics and mix. The Company strives to identify loans experiencing difficulty early enough to correct the problems, to record charge-offs promptly based on realistic assessments of current collateral values and cash flows, and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at all times.

It is generally the Company’s policy to discontinue interest accruals once a loan is past due as to interest or principal payments for a period of ninety days. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, interest accruals cease and uncollected accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. Payments received on non-accrual loans are applied against principal. A loan may be restored to an accruing basis when it again becomes well-secured, all past due amounts have been collected and the borrower continues to make payments for the next six months on a timely basis. Accruing loans past due 90 days or more are generally well-secured and in the process of collection. For additional information regarding loans, see Note 7 of the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Non-Performing Assets and Troubled Debt Restructured Loans

Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and accruing loans which are contractually past due 90 days or more. Non-accrual loans represent loans on which interest accruals have been suspended. In general, it is the policy of management to consider the charge-off of loans at the point they become past due in excess of 90 days, with the exception of loans that are both well-secured and in the process of collection. Non-performing assets include non-performing loans and other real estate owned. Troubled debt

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restructured loans represent loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties on which a concession was granted, such as a reduction in interest rate which is lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risks, or modified repayment terms, and are performing under the restructured terms. Such loans, as long as they are performing in accordance with their restructured terms, are not included within the Company’s non-performing loans. For additional information regarding loans, see Note 7 of the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table sets forth, as of the dates indicated, the amount of the Company’s non-accrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more, other real estate owned and troubled debt restructured loans.

	December 31, 2018		September 30, 2018
Non-accrual loans		2,562		2,687
Accruing loans delinquent more than 90 days past due		759		374
Total non-performing Loans		3,321		3,061
Other real estate owned		5,796		—
Total non-performing assets	$	9,117	$	3,061
TDR loans - performing		12,164		18,640

Non-accrual loans were $2.6 million at December 31, 2018, as compared to $2.7 million at September 30, 2018 and $2.2 million at December 31, 2017. Other real estate owned (“OREO”) was $5.8 million at December 31, 2018, and zero at both September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Total performing troubled debt restructured loans were $12.2 million at December 31, 2018, $18.6 million at September 30, 2018 and $2.2 million at December 31, 2017. As stated above, one commercial real estate loan classified as a TDR with a value of $5.8 million was transferred to other real estate owned. Primarily, as a result of this transfer to other real estate owned, total performing troubled debt restructured loans at December 31, 2018 decreased by $6.4 million compared to September 30, 2018 and total non-performing assets at December 31, 2018 increased by $6.1 million compared to September 30, 2018.

At December 31, 2018, non-performing assets totaled $9.1 million, or 0.81 percent of total assets, as compared with $3.1 million, or 0.30 percent, at September 30, 2018 and $2.6 million, or 0.24 percent, at December 31, 2017. The increase in non-performing assets at December 31, 2018 compared to September 30, 2018 was primarily due to the transfer to OREO of one commercial real estate loan in the amount of $5.8 million.

Overall credit quality in the Bank’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2018 remained relatively strong. Credit quality risk ratings include categories of “pass,” “special mention,” “substandard” and “doubtful.” Assets classified as “pass” are those protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral. Assets which do not currently expose the insured institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard or doubtful but possess certain identified weaknesses are required to be designated “special mention.” If uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects. An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly questionable and improbable.”

At December 31, 2018, special mention loans were $1.7 million compared to $1.1 million at September 30, 2018. The increase of approximately $600,000 in special mention loans was attributable to one commercial real estate loan being changed from a pass risk rating to a special mention loan during quarter ended December 31, 2018.

Substandard loans were $17.4 million and $23.7 million at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, respectively. The decrease of approximately $6.3 million from September 30, 2018 to December 31, 2018, was primarily due to the transfer to OREO of one commercial real estate loan. Our loans which have been identified as specially mentioned or substandard are considered potential problem loans due to a variety of changing conditions affecting the credits, including general economic conditions and/or conditions applicable to the specific borrowers. The Company has no foreign loans.

At December 31, 2018, other than the loans set forth above, the Company is not aware of any loans which present serious doubts as to the ability of its borrowers to comply with present loan repayment terms and which are expected to fall into one of the categories set forth in the tables or descriptions above.

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Other Income

The following table presents the principal categories of other income for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
					Increase			Percent
	2018		2017		(Decrease)			Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and other fees	$	940	$	271	$	669		246.86%
Rental income-other		67		66		1		1.52%
Net gains on sale of real estate		-		1,186		(1,186	)	(100.00)%
Net gains on sale of loans		18		67		(49	)	(73.13)%
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance		121		121		-		-%
Total other income	$	1,146	$	1,711		(565	)	(33.02)%

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, total other income amounted to $1.1 million, compared to total other income of $1.7 million for the same period in fiscal 2018. This was primarily as a result of a $1.2 million net gain on the sale of the Exton, Pennsylvania branch location in the first fiscal quarter of 2017. Other items contributing to the decrease of $565,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 was a $49,000 decrease in net gains on sale of loans, partially offset by a $669,000 increase in service charges and other fees. The increase in service charges and other fees is primarily due to the recognition of approximately $708,000 of net swap fees through the Bank’s commercial loan hedging program.

Excluding net gains on sale of real estate, a non-GAAP measure, the Company recorded total other income of $525,000 for the three months ended December, 2017.

Other Expense

The following table presents the principal categories of other expense for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
					Increase			Percent
	2018		2017		(Decrease)			Change
(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	2,008	$	1,990	$	18		0.90%
Occupancy expense		539		562		(23	)	(4.09)%
Federal deposit insurance premium		69		76		(7	)	(9.21)%
Advertising		30		54		(24	)	(44.44)%
Data processing		254		278		(24	)	(8.63)%
Professional fees		499		788		(289	)	(36.68)%
Other real estate owned expense, net		21		-		21		100.00%
Other operating expenses		674		723		(49	)	(6.78)%
Total other expense	$	4,094	$	4,471		(377	)	(8.43)%

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, total other expense decreased $377,000, or 8.4 percent, from the comparable three months ended December 31, 2017. The decrease primarily due to a $289,000 decrease in professional fees, a $49,000 decrease in other operating expense, a $24,000 decrease in data processing expense, a $24,000 decrease in advertising expense, a $23,000 decrease in occupancy expense, and $7,000 decrease in federal deposit insurance premium, partially offset by a $21,000 increase in net other real estate owned expense, and an $18,000 increase in salaries and employee benefits. The decrease in professional fees was primarily due to lower legal expense. Professional fees reflect increased legal and accounting fees for the 2018 fiscal year related to prior period restatements, which the Company does not expect to continue into future periods. The increase in salaries and employee benefits primarily reflects higher compensation to officers and employees to support overall franchise growth.

The Company’s efficiency ratio, a non-GAAP financial measure, was 48.1 percent for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 on an annualized based, compared to 64.0 percent in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The decrease in the efficiency ratio reflects an decrease in other expense, excluding non-core items, as well as an increase in total income.

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The “efficiency ratio” is defined as other expense, excluding certain non-core items, as a percentage of net interest income on a tax equivalent basis plus other income, excluding net securities gains, calculated as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
	(Dollars in thousands)
Other expense	$	4,094		$	4,471
Less: Non-core items(1)		139			-
Other expense, excluding non-core items, non-GAAP		3,955			4,471
Net interest income (tax equivalent basis), non-GAAP		6,958			6,393
Non-core items(2)		127			72
Net interest income (tax equivalent basis), excluding non-core items, non-GAAP		7,085			6,465
Other income, excluding net investment securities gains and gains on sale of real estate		1,146			525
Total	$	8,231		$	6,990
Efficiency ratio		48.1	%		64.0	%

(1)

Non-core items for the quarter ended December 31, 2018 consisted of expenses arising out of the dismissal of the Company’s Certifying Accountant, as previously announced in the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 9, 2018, which required issuance of consent on previously audited consolidated financial statements.. The Company believes these adjustments are necessary to provide the most accurate measure of core operating results as a means to evaluated comparative results.

(2)	Included in non-core items such as accelerated payoff and non-accrual interest amounts.

The Company’s efficiency ratio, calculated on a GAAP basis without excluding net investment securities gains and without deducting non-core items from other expense, follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Efficiency ratio on a GAAP Basis		50.6	%		55.2	%

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company recorded $535,000 in income tax expense during the three months ended December 31, 2018 compared to $3.2 million in income tax expense during the three months ended December 31, 2017. The effective tax rates for the Company for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were 21.0 percent and 88.9 percent, respectively. In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company revised its estimated annual effective rate to reflect a change in the federal statutory rate from 34% to 21%, resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that was enacted on December 22, 2017.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Note 2 discusses the expected impact of accounting pronouncements recently issued or proposed but not yet required to be adopted.

Asset and Liability Management

Asset and Liability management encompasses an analysis of market risk, the control of interest rate risk (interest sensitivity management) and the ongoing maintenance and planning of liquidity and capital. The composition of the Company’s statement of condition is planned and monitored by the Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”). In general, management’s objective is to optimize net interest income and minimize market risk and interest rate risk by monitoring the components of the statement of condition and the interaction of interest rates.

Short-term interest rate exposure analysis is supplemented with an interest sensitivity gap model. The Company utilizes interest sensitivity analysis to measure the responsiveness of net interest income to changes in interest rate levels. Interest rate risk arises when an earning asset matures or when its interest rate changes in a time period different than that of a supporting interest-bearing liability, or when an interest-bearing liability matures or when its interest rate changes in a time period different than that of an earning asset

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that it supports. While the Company matches only a small portion of specific assets and liabilities, total earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are grouped to determine the overall interest rate risk within a number of specific time frames. The difference between interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities is referred to as the interest sensitivity gap. At any given point in time, the Company may be in an asset-sensitive position, whereby its interest-sensitive assets exceed its interest-sensitive liabilities, or in a liability-sensitive position, whereby its interest-sensitive liabilities exceed its interest-sensitive assets, depending in part on management’s judgment as to projected interest rate trends.

The Company’s interest rate sensitivity position in each time frame may be expressed as assets less liabilities, as liabilities less assets, or as the ratio between rate sensitive assets (“RSA”) and rate sensitive liabilities (“RSL”). For example, a short-funded position (liabilities repricing before assets) would be expressed as a net negative position, when period gaps are computed by subtracting repricing liabilities from repricing assets. When using the ratio method, a RSA/RSL ratio of 1 indicates a balanced position, a ratio greater than 1 indicates an asset-sensitive position and a ratio less than 1 indicates a liability-sensitive position.

A negative gap and/or a rate sensitivity ratio less than 1 tends to expand net interest margins in a falling rate environment and reduce net interest margins in a rising rate environment. Conversely, when a positive gap occurs, generally margins expand in a rising rate environment and contract in a falling rate environment. From time to time, the Company may elect to deliberately mismatch liabilities and assets in a strategic gap position.

At December 31, 2018, the Company reflected a positive interest sensitivity gap with an interest sensitivity ratio of 1.17:1.00 at the cumulative one-year position. Based on management’s perception of interest rising through 2018, emphasis has been, and is expected to continue to be, placed on controlling liability costs while extending the maturities of liabilities in our efforts to insulate the net interest spread from rising interest rates in the future. However, no assurance can be given that this objective will be met.

Estimates of Fair Value

The estimation of fair value is significant to a number of the Company’s assets, including investment securities available-for-sale. These are all recorded at either fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. Fair values are volatile and may be influenced by a number of factors. Circumstances that could cause estimates of the fair value of certain assets and liabilities to change include a change in prepayment speeds, discount rates, or market interest rates. Fair values for most available-for-sale investment securities are based on quoted market prices. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic condition risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The financial statements and notes thereto presented elsewhere herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of operations; unlike most industrial companies, nearly all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are monetary. As a result, interest rates have a greater impact on performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.

Liquidity

The liquidity position of the Company is dependent primarily on successful management of the Bank’s assets and liabilities so as to meet the needs of both deposit and credit customers. Liquidity needs arise principally to accommodate possible deposit outflows and to meet customers’ requests for loans. Scheduled principal loan repayments, maturing investments, short-term liquid assets and deposit inflows, can satisfy such needs. The objective of liquidity management is to enable the Company to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet its obligations in a timely and cost-effective manner.

Management monitors current and projected cash flows, and adjusts positions as necessary to maintain adequate levels of liquidity. Under its liquidity risk management program, the Company regularly monitors correspondent bank funding exposure and credit exposure in accordance with guidelines issued by the banking regulatory authorities. Management uses a variety of potential funding sources and staggering maturities to reduce the risk of potential funding pressure. Management also maintains a detailed contingency funding plan designed to respond adequately to situations which could lead to stresses on liquidity. Management believes that the Company has the funding capacity to meet the liquidity needs arising from potential events. The Company maintains borrowing capacity through the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh secured with loans and marketable securities.

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The Company’s primary sources of short-term liquidity consist of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had $99.9 million in cash and cash equivalent compared to $30.8 million at September 30, 2018. In addition, our available for sale investment securities amounted to $19.2 million at December 31, 2018 and $24.3 million at September 30, 2018.

Deposits

Total deposits increased to $843.2 million at December 31, 2018 from $774.2 million at September 30, 2018. Deposit growth during the period is a result of business development efforts, expanded market, and the higher visibility of the Bank, which have resulted in increased deposits and a broadened depositor base. Total interest-bearing deposits increased from $732.5 million at September 30, 2018 to $803.5 million at December 31, 2018, an increase of $71.0 million. Interest-bearing demand, savings and time deposits under $100,000 increased $58.2 million to a total of $630.8 million at December 31, 2018 as compared to $572.6 million at September 30, 2018. Time deposits $100,000 and over increased $12.8 million as compared to September 30, 2018. Time deposits $100,000 and over represented 20.5 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2018 compared to 20.7 percent at September 30, 2018. We had brokered deposits totaling $115.4 million at December 31, 2018 compared to $103.7 million at September 30, 2018.

Core Deposits

The Company derives a significant proportion of its liquidity from its core deposit base. Total demand deposits, savings and money market accounts of $598.6 million at December 31, 2018 increased by $57.4 million, or 10.6 percent, from September 30, 2018. Total demand deposits, savings and money market accounts were 71.0 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2018 and 69.9 percent at September 30, 2018. Alternatively, the Company uses a more stringent calculation for the management of its liquidity positions internally, which calculation consists of total demand, savings accounts and money market accounts (excluding money market accounts and certificates of deposits greater than $100,000) as a percentage of total deposits. This number increased by $73.1 million, or 20.5 percent, from $356.8 million at September 30, 2018 to $429.9 million at December 31, 2018 and represented 51.0 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2018 as compared with 46.1 percent at September 30, 2018.

The Company continues to place the main focus of its deposit gathering efforts in the maintenance, development, and expansion of its core deposit base. Management believes that the emphasis on serving the needs of our communities will provide a long-term relationship base that will allow the Company to efficiently compete for business in its market. The success of this strategy is reflected in the growth of deposits during the first three-month period of fiscal 2019.

The following table depicts the Company’s core deposit mix at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018 based on the Company’s alternative calculation:

	December 31, 2018					September 30, 2018					Dollar
	Amount		Percentage			Amount		Percentage			Change
	(Dollars in thousands)
Non-interest bearing	$	39,734		9.24	%	$	41,677		11.7	%	$	(1,943	)
Interest bearing		261,025	60.71				184,073	51.6				76,952
Savings		44,438	10.34				44,642	12.5				(204	)
Money market deposits under $100,000		12,857	2.99				13,374	3.7				(517	)
Certificates of deposits under $100,000		71,875	16.72				73,013	20.5				(1,138	)
Total core deposits	$	429,929		100.00	%	$	356,779		100.00	%	$	73,150
Total deposits	$	843,200				$	774,163
Core deposits to total deposits				51.0	%				46.1	%

Borrowings

Borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Pittsburgh are available to supplement the Company’s liquidity position and, to the extent that maturing deposits do not remain with the Company, management may replace such funds with advances. As of December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the Company’s outstanding balance of FHLB advances, totaled $118.0 million. Of the $118.0 million in advances, $28.0 million represent long-term, fixed-rate advances maturing in 2020. The remaining balance of long-term, fixed rate advances totaled $25.0 million, representing three separate advances maturing during fiscal year 2019.

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At December 31, 2018, there were three short-term FHLB advances totaling $65.0 million of fixed-rate borrowing with rollover of 90 days.

During fiscal 2019 the Company did not purchase any securities sold under agreements to repurchase as a short-term funding source. At September 30, 2018, the Company had $2.5 million in securities sold under agreements to repurchase at a rate of 2.5%.

Payments Due Under Contractual Obligations

The following table presents information relating to the Company’s payments due under contractual obligations as of December 31, 2018.

	At December 31, 2018
	Less Than		One to		Three to		More Than
	One Year		Three Years		Five Years		Five Years		Total
	(In thousands)
Long-term debt obligations⁽¹⁾	$	90,124	$	29,033	$	-	$	-	$	119,157
Certificate of deposit⁽¹⁾		143,535		79,362		12,565		13,340		248,802
Operating lease obligations		515		973		979		1,102		3,569
Total Contractual Obligations	$	234,174	$	109,368	$	13,544	$	14,442	$	371,528

(1)	Includes interest payments

We anticipate that we will continue to have sufficient funds and alternative funding sources to meet our current commitments.

Cash Flows

The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows present the changes in cash and cash equivalents resulting from the Company’s operating, investing and financing activities. During the three months ended December 31, 2018, cash and cash equivalents increased by $69.0 million from the balance at September 30, 2018. Net cash of $3.4 million was provided by operating activities. Net cash used in investing activities amounted to approximately $25.1 million and net cash of $90.7 million was provided by financing activities.

Shareholders’ Equity

Total shareholders’ equity amounted to $135.7 million, or 12.0 percent of total assets, at December 31, 2018, compared to $110.8 million or 10.7 percent of total assets at September 30, 2018. Book value per common share was $17.45 at December 31, 2018, compared to $16.84 at September 30, 2018.

	December 31, 2018		September 30, 2018
	Amount		Amount
	(Dollars in thousands, except for share data)
Shareholders' equity		135,679	$	110,823
Book value per common share	$	17.45	$	16.84

Capital

At December 31, 2018, the Bank’s common equity tier 1 ratio was 15.54 percent, tier 1 leverage ratio was 13.35 percent, tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 15.54 percent and the total risk-based capital ratio was 16.55 percent. At September 30, 2018, the Bank’s common equity tier 1 ratio was 15.09 percent, tier 1 leverage ratio was 12.71 percent, tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 15.09 percent and the total risk-based capital ratio was 16.13 percent. At December 31, 2018, the Bank was in compliance with all applicable regulatory capital requirements.

At December 31, 2018, the Company’s common equity tier 1 ratio was 14.61 percent, tier 1 leverage ratio was 12.55 percent, tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 14.61 percent and the total risk-based capital ratio was 18.25 percent. At September 30, 2018, the Company’s common equity tier 1 ratio was 12.62 percent, tier 1 leverage ratio was 10.63 percent, tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was

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12.62 percent and the total risk-based capital ratio was 16.45 percent. At December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all applicable regulatory capital requirements.

Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For a discussion of the Company’s asset and liability management policies as well as the methods used to manage its exposure to the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates market, see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Asset and Liability Management” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2018. There has been no material change in the Company’s asset and liability position since September 30, 2018.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2018

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 - Legal Proceedings

Not applicable.

Item 1A - Risk Factors

See Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2018. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2018.

Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3 - Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4 - Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

Item 5 - Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6 – Exhibits


31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Section 302 Certification
31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Section 302 Certification
32.0		Section 1350 Certification


101.INS		XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	MALVERN BANCORP, INC.


February 11, 2019	By:	/s/ Anthony C. Weagley
		Anthony C. Weagley
		President and Chief Executive Officer


February 11, 2019	By:	/s/ Joseph D. Gangemi
		Joseph D. Gangemi
		Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
		Officer

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