NN INC - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 000-23486

NN, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

207 Mockingbird Lane

Johnson City, Tennessee 37604

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(423) 434-8300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of May 3, 2018, there were 27,666,389 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

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NN, Inc.

INDEX

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars, except per share data

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars and shares

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NN, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

March 31, 2018

(Unaudited)

Amounts in thousands of dollars and shares, except per share data

Note 1. Interim Financial Statements

Nature of Business

NN, Inc., is a global diversified industrial company that combines advanced engineering and production capabilities with in-depth materials science expertise to design and manufacture high-precision components and assemblies for the medical, aerospace and defense, electrical, automotive and general industrial markets. As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “NN,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to NN, Inc., and its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2018, we had 44 facilities in North America, Europe, South America and China.

In January 2018, we implemented a new enterprise and management structure designed to accelerate growth and further balance our portfolio by aligning our strategic assets and businesses. Our businesses were reorganized into the Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions, and Life Sciences divisions and are based principally on the end markets they serve. The Autocam Precision Components Group reported in our historical financial statements was renamed as the Mobile Solutions division. The Mobile Solutions division is focused on growth in the industrial and automotive end markets. The Precision Engineered Products Group reported in our historical financial statements was bifurcated into two new divisions – Power Solutions and Life Sciences. The Power Solutions division is focused on growth in the electrical and aerospace and defense end markets. The Life Sciences division is focused on growth in the medical end market.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have not been audited, except that the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2017, was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the “2017 Annual Report”), which we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), on April 2, 2018. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. Historical periods presented reflect reclassifications to reflect discontinued operations (see Note 2). Historical periods also reflect revisions that we disclosed in our 2017 Annual Report (see Note 17). In management’s opinion, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary to fairly state our results of operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017; financial position as of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017; and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, on a basis consistent with our audited consolidated financial statements other than the adoption of new accounting standards, such as revenue recognition. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature and are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position and operating results for the interim periods.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from the interim financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the 2017 Annual Report. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2018, are not necessarily indicative of results for the year ending December 31, 2018, or any other future periods.

Except for per share data or as otherwise indicated, all dollar amounts presented in the tables in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands.

Prior Periods’ Financial Statement Revision

As disclosed in our 2017 Annual Report on Form10-K, we identified various misstatements in our previously issued 2016 and 2015 annual financial statements and interim periods in 2016 and 2017. These prior period errors related primarily to (i) accounting for income and franchise taxes, (ii) accounting for the gain on the disposition of a business, (iii) accounting for indemnification assets related to a prior acquisition, (iv) accounting for foreign currency transactions, (v) accounting for the translation of foreign subsidiary assets and joint venture, and (vi) other immaterial errors, including errors that had previously been adjusted for as out of period corrections in the periods identified. We assessed the materiality of the misstatements on prior periods’ financial statements in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 1.M, Materiality, codified in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, (“ASC 250”) and concluded that the misstatements were not material to any prior annual or interim periods.

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In accordance with ASC 250 (SAB Topic 1.N, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements), we revised our previously issued 2016 and 2015 annual financial statements in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 2, 2018. Accordingly, in connection with this Quarterly Report, we are revising our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the related notes, and other financial information for the three months ended March 31, 2017, to correct for those misstatements that impacted such period. We will revise the remaining 2017 previously issued quarterly financial statements in connection with future 2018 filings on our Form 10-Q. Refer to Note 17 for reconciliations between as originally reported and as revised quarterly amounts.

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

Revenue Recognition. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, (“ASC 606”). We adopted ASC 606 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method. Under this transition method, we recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2018, and applied the new standard beginning with the most current period presented to contracts that were not completed at the date of initial application. The adoption adjustment, which was less than $0.1 million, represents the net profit on certain contracts that were accounted for on a consignment basis under ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, (“ASC 605”) Under ASC 605, a sale was not recognized under these consignment contracts until the inventory was used by our customers. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized earlier since the transfer of control to our customers occurs upon shipment from our facilities as our customers have obtained the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. Comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We expect the impact of the adoption of the new standard to be immaterial to our net income on an ongoing basis. See Note 13 for the required disclosures related to the impact of adopting ASC 606 and a discussion of our updated policies related to revenue recognition and accounting for costs to obtain and fulfill a customer contract.

Definition of a Business. In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which changes the definition of a business. The new guidance requires an entity to first evaluate whether substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets. If that threshold is met, the set of assets and activities is not a business. If the threshold is not met, the entity evaluates whether the set meets the definition of a business. The new definition requires a business to include at least one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs by more closely aligning it with how outputs are described in the new revenue recognition guidance. The new guidance is effective for us beginning on January 1, 2018. We will apply the new definition of a business prospectively to any transactions occurring in 2018 or later. The new guidance will have no effect on our historical financial statements.

Statement of Cash Flows. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). This guidance provides clarification on how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified on the statement of cash flows, with focus on eight specific areas in which cash flows have, in practice, been presented inconsistently. The guidance was effective for NN beginning January 1, 2018, and is required to be adopted using a retrospective approach if practicable.

The new cash flow guidance requires that cash payments for debt prepayment costs be classified as cash outflows for financing activities. We paid $31.6 million for debt prepayment costs in April 2017. These debt prepayment costs were previously classified as cash outflows from operating activities in 2017. Under the new guidance, these costs will be reclassified to cash outflows from financing activities when these comparable periods are presented in future filings.

The new guidance also requires entities to make an accounting policy election regarding classification of distributions received from equity method investees. Existing guidance does not currently address how an entity should determine which distributions represent returns on versus returns of investment. The lack of specific guidance has resulted in diversity in practice. The two allowable approaches are the “cumulative earnings” approach and the “nature of the distribution” approach, as defined by ASU 2016-15. Upon adoption of the new guidance on January 1, 2018, we utilized the cumulative earnings approach for classifying distributions received from our joint venture investment (see Note 8). This policy election is consistent with our historical accounting.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

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Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 creates Topic 842, Leases, in the ASC and supersedes ASC 840, Leases. Entities that hold numerous equipment and real estate leases, in particular those with numerous operating leases, will be most affected by the new guidance. The lease accounting standard is effective for NN beginning January 1, 2019, with modified retrospective adoption required and early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are expected to impact our balance sheet by adding lease-related assets and liabilities. This may affect compliance with contractual agreements and loan covenants, if not addressed within the credit facility. We have performed inquiries within division locations and compiled information on operating and capital leases. We are using the results of these inquiries and compiled information to evaluate the impacts of the lease accounting standard on our financial position, results of operations, and related disclosures. Upon adoption, we expect to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for nearly all of our leases that are currently classified as operating leases and are therefore not recorded on the balance sheet. We are in the process of gathering information that will enable us to estimate the amounts of those assets and liabilities.

Goodwill. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, that eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (i.e., Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test) to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (i.e., measure the charge based on the current Step 1 test). The standard is effective for us beginning with impairment tests performed on or after January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance is expected to have on our financial position or results of operations and related disclosures.

Effects of Tax Reform in Other Comprehensive Income. In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance related to the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”). Under existing U.S. GAAP, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances are recorded as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the law was enacted. When deferred tax balances related to items originally recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) are adjusted, certain tax effects become stranded in AOCI. The FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, that permits reclassification of certain income tax effects of the Act from AOCI to retained earnings. The guidance also requires certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. ASU 2018-02 is effective for us on January 1, 2019, with early adoption in any period permitted. Entities may adopt the guidance using either at the beginning of the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized. We are in the process of evaluating adoption method and the effects of this new guidance on our financial statements.

Note 2. Discontinued Operations

On August 17, 2017, we completed the sale of our global precision bearing components business (the “PBC Business”). The PBC Business included all our facilities that were engaged in the production of precision steel balls, steel rollers, and metal retainers and automotive specialty products used primarily in the bearing industry. The sale of the PBC Business furthers management’s long-term strategy to build a diversified industrial business with a comprehensive geographic footprint in attractive high-growth market segments. The PBC Business represented all of the Precision Bearing Components Group reportable segment disclosed in our historical financial statements.

In accordance with ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements – Discontinued Operations, the operating results of the PBC Business for the three months ended March 31, 2017, are classified as discontinued operations. The presentation of discontinued operations includes revenues and expenses of the discontinued operations, net of tax, as one line item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. All historical Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income presented have been revised to reflect this presentation. Accordingly, results of the PBC Business have been excluded from continuing operations and division results for all periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes unless otherwise stated. The Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017, includes cash flows of the PBC Business in each line item unless otherwise stated.

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The following table summarizes the major line items included in the results of operations of the discontinued operations.

The following table presents the significant noncash items and cash paid for capital expenditures of discontinued operations.

Note 3. Acquisitions

Bridgemedica, LLC

On February 22, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the assets of Bridgemedica, LLC (“Bridgemedica”). Bridgemedica is a medical device company that provides concept to supply solutions through design, development engineering and manufacturing. Operating results of Bridgemedica are reported prospectively in our Life Sciences division. We are in the process of analyzing the opening balance sheet and purchase price allocation. Amounts recorded for preliminary goodwill and intangible assets are disclosed in Note 6 and Note 7, respectively.

Other

In March 2018, we paid $6.0 million in earnest money to the previous owners of PMG Intermediate Holding Corporation. See Note 18 for the subsequent event disclosure.

Note 4. Segment Information

We determined our reportable segments under the provisions of U.S. GAAP related to disclosures about segments of an enterprise. Management has concluded that Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions, and Life Sciences each constitutes an operating segment as each engages in business activities for which it earns revenues and incurs expenses for which separate financial information is available, and this is the level at which the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews discrete financial information for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. In making this determination, management considered the form and content of the financial information that is regularly reviewed by the CODM. As described in Note 1, in January 2018, we implemented a new enterprise and management structure and reorganized our businesses into the Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions and Life Sciences divisions based principally on the end markets they serve. In the first quarter of 2018, we began reporting our financial results based on these new reportable segments. Prior year amounts have been restated to conform to the current year presentation.

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Mobile Solutions

Our Mobile Solutions division is focused on growth in the industrial and automotive end markets. Within this division we manufacture highly engineered, difficult-to-manufacture precision metal components and subassemblies for the automotive and general industrial end markets.

We sell a wide range of highly engineered, extremely close tolerance, precision-machined metal components and subassemblies primarily to the automotive and general industrial end markets. We have developed an expertise in manufacturing highly complex, system critical components for fuel systems, engines and transmissions, power steering systems and electromechanical motors on a high-volume basis. This expertise has been gained through investment in technical capabilities, processes and systems, and skilled program management and product launch capabilities.

Power Solutions

Our Power Solutions division is focused on growth in the electrical, and aerospace and defense end markets. Within this division we combine materials science expertise with advanced engineering and production capabilities to design and manufacture a broad range of high-precision metal and plastic components, assemblies and finished devices used in applications ranging from power control to flight control and for military devices.

We manufacture a variety of products including electrical contacts, connectors, contact assemblies and precision stampings for the electrical end market and high precision products for the aerospace and defense end markets utilizing our extensive process technologies for optical grade plastics, thermally conductive plastics, titanium, Inconel, magnesium and electroplating.

Life Sciences

Our Life Sciences division is focused on growth in the medical end market. Within this division we combine advanced engineering and production capabilities to design and manufacture a broad range of high-precision metal and plastic components, assemblies and finished devices.

We manufacture a variety of components, assemblies and instruments, such as surgical knives, bioresorbable implants, surgical staples, orthopedic system tools, laparoscopic devices, and drug delivery devices for the medical and life sciences end market.

Segment Results

The following table presents results of continuing operations for each reportable segment.

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The Bridgemedica business acquired on February 22, 2018, contributed $1.3 million to net sales and $0.1 million to income from operations in the Life Sciences division after the acquisition date through March 31, 2018.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventories are comprised of the following amounts:

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Note 6. Goodwill

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.

The goodwill acquired in 2018 is related to the Bridgemedica acquisition as described in Note 3 and is derived from the value of the business acquired. We are in the process of analyzing the opening balance sheet and purchase price allocation. The preliminary fair value of the business acquired was based on management business plans and future performance estimates which are subject to a high degree of management judgment and complexity. Actual results may differ from these projections and the differences may be material, leading to measurement period adjustments of this goodwill.

In the first quarter of 2018, as a result of the changes in our organizational and management structure, goodwill was reassigned to operating segments using a relative fair value allocation. For further information on the organizational changes, see Note 1.

Note 7. Intangible Assets, Net

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets, net.

We added approximately $5.9 million of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily related to customer relationships acquired in the Bridgemedica acquisition with an estimated useful life of 13 years.

In the first quarter of 2018, as a result of the changes in our organizational and management structure, intangible assets were reassigned to operating segments using a relative fair value allocation. For further information on the organizational changes, see Note 1.

Note 8. Investment in Joint Venture

We own a 49% investment in a joint venture located in Wuxi, China, called Wuxi Weifu Autocam Precision Machinery Company, Ltd. (the “JV”). The JV is jointly controlled and managed, and we account for it under the equity method.

The following table summarizes activity related to our investment in the JV.

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We recognized sales to the JV of less than $0.2 million and approximately $0.1 million during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following tables show selected financial data of the joint venture.

Note 9. Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the U. S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation. The Tax Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings. In response to the Tax Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) which allows issuers to recognize provisional estimates of the impact of the Tax Act in their financial statements, or in circumstances where estimates cannot be made, to disclose and recognize at a later date.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we included in our financial statements provisional charges for the revaluation of our net domestic deferred tax assets and a one-time charge for the deemed repatriation of historic unremitted earnings. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, there were no additional changes to the provisional amounts recorded as of December 31, 2017. The accounting is expected to be completed and disclosed within the one-year measurement period as allowed by SAB 118.

Our annualized effective tax rate from continuing operations was 14.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2018, and 213.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Our 2018 effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% due to permanent differences including certain provisions of the Tax Act, specifically the base-broadening provision which imposed a new minimum tax on global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”). The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018, was also impacted by earnings outside the United States, which are indefinitely reinvested and taxed at rates that are different than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, we finalized our accounting policy decision with respect to the new GILTI tax rules and have concluded that GILTI will be treated as a periodic charge in the year in which it arises. Therefore, we will not record deferred taxes for the basis associated with GILTI earnings.

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During the third quarter of 2017, the Internal Revenue Service commenced an examination of the federal tax return for the pre-acquisition period of January 1, 2015, through October 19, 2015, for Precision Engineered Products Holdings, LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary. The examination is ongoing as of March 31, 2018.

Note 10. Debt

The following table presents debt balances as of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017.

We capitalized interest costs amounting to $0.2 million and $0.4 million in the three-months ended March 31, 2018, and 2017, related to construction in progress.

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Note 11. Restructuring and Integration

The following table summarizes restructuring and integration charges incurred for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.

The following table summarizes restructuring and integration reserve activity for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

We recognized severance costs of $0.7 million at corporate headquarters related to the restructuring of our former Precision Engineered Products Group to form the Power Solutions and Life Sciences divisions effective January 2, 2018.

We are continually identifying restructuring and integration costs at our divisions. Future filings will include updates to these activities along with a reconciliation of beginning and ending liabilities. We expect to pay the entire reserve balance within no more than twelve months.

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Brazil ICMS Tax Matter

Prior to the acquisition of Autocam Corporation in 2014 (“Autocam”), Autocam’s Brazilian subsidiary received notification from the Brazilian tax authorities regarding ICMS (state value added tax or VAT) tax credits claimed on intermediary materials (tooling and perishable items) used in the manufacturing process. The Brazilian tax authority notification disallowed state ICMS credits claimed on intermediary materials based on the argument that these items are not intrinsically related to the manufacturing processes. Autocam Brazil filed an administrative defense with the Brazilian tax authority arguing, among other matters, that it should qualify for an ICMS tax credit, contending that the intermediary materials are directly related to the manufacturing process.

We believe that we have substantial legal and factual defenses, and we plan to defend our interests in this matter vigorously. While we believe a loss is not probable, we estimate the range of possible losses related to this assessment is from $0 to $6.0 million. No amount was accrued at March 31, 2018, for this matter. There was no material change in the status of this matter from December 31, 2017, to March 31, 2018.

We are entitled to indemnification from the former shareholders of Autocam, subject to the limitations and procedures set forth in the agreement and plan of merger relating to the Autocam acquisition. Management believes the indemnification would include amounts owed for the tax, interest and penalties related to this matter.

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All Other Legal Matters

All other legal proceedings are of an ordinary and routine nature and are incidental to our operations. Management believes that such proceedings should not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In making that determination, we analyze the facts and circumstances of each case at least quarterly in consultation with our attorneys and determine a range of reasonably possible outcomes.

Note 13. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The reported results for 2018 reflect the application of ASC 606 while the reported results for 2017 were prepared under the guidance of ASC 605. The adoption of ASC 606 represents a change in accounting principle that will more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of our goods and will provide financial statement readers with enhanced disclosures. In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. To the extent that transaction price includes variable consideration, we estimate the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in management’s judgement, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur.

Revenue is recognized when control of the good or service is transferred to the customer, either at a point in time or as our services are rendered over time. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or services.

The following table summarizes sales to external customers by major source.

Product Sales

We generally transfer control and recognize a sale when we ship the product from our manufacturing facility to our customer, at a point in time, as this is when our customer obtains the ability to direct use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the goods. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over products has transferred to the customer as a component of cost of sales.

We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost-plus-margin approach when an observable price is not available. The expected duration of our contracts is less than one year, and we have elected to apply the practical expedient that allows entities to disregard the effects of financing when the contract length is less than one year. The amount of consideration we receive and the revenue we recognize varies with volume rebates and incentives we offer to our customers. We estimate the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected

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value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in our judgement, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur.

We have utilized certain practical expedients allowed by the new standard. We intend to utilize the portfolio approach practical expedient to evaluate sales-related discounts on a portfolio basis to contracts with similar characteristics. We expect that the effect on our financial statements of applying the portfolio approach would not differ materially from applying the new standard to individual contracts.

We give our customers the right to return only defective products in exchange for functioning products or rework of the product. These transactions are evaluated and accounted for under ASC Topic 460, Guarantees, and we estimate the impact to the transaction price based on an analysis of historical experience.

Other Sources of Revenue

We provide pre-production activities related to engineering efforts to develop molds, dies and machines that are owned by our customers. We may receive advance payments from customers which are deferred until satisfying our performance obligations by compliance with customer-specified milestones, recognizing revenue at a point in time. These contracts have an original expected duration of less than one year.

The following table provides information about contract liabilities from contracts with customers.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable and customer advances and deposits (contract liability) on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. These contract liabilities are reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period as deferred revenue. Deferred revenue relates to payments received in advance of performance under the contract and recognized as revenue as (or when) we perform under the contract. Changes in the contract liability balances during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, were not materially impacted by any other factors. Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2018, from amounts included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period for performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied during the three months ended March 31, 2018, was approximately $0.3 million.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

ASC 606 requires that we disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of March 31, 2018. The guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement. Our contracts meet the following practical expedient provided by ASC 606:

Costs to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract

Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, we expensed commissions paid to internal sales representatives for obtaining contracts. Under 606 ASC, we adopted the practical expedient to recognize commissions paid to internal sales personnel that are incremental to obtaining customer contracts as an expense when incurred since the amortization period is less than one year. The judgments made in determining the amount of costs incurred include whether the commissions are in fact incremental and would not have occurred absent the customer contract. Costs to obtain a contract are expensed as selling, general and administrative expense.

Sales, value add, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense.

Financial Statement Impact of Adopting ASC 606

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The following table presents the impact of adoption of ASC 606 on our condensed consolidated statement of operations and balance sheet. Differences are due to the acceleration in the recognition of revenue to the point of shipment or delivery for contracts where an unconditional obligation to purchase is present for inventory that was considered in consignment under ASC 605.

Note 14. Shared-Based Compensation

The following table lists the components of share-based compensation expense by type of award.

Stock Options

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we granted options to purchase 55,300 shares to certain key employees. The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2018, was $10.68 per share. The fair value of our options cannot be determined by market value because they are not traded in an open market. Accordingly, we utilized the Black Scholes financial pricing model to estimate the fair value. The following table shows the weighted average assumptions relevant to determining the fair value of stock options granted in 2018.

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The expected term is derived from using the simplified method of determining stock option terms as described under the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 14, Share-based payment. The simplified method was used because sufficient historical stock option exercise experience was not available.

The average risk-free interest rate is derived from United States Department of Treasury published interest rates of daily yield curves for the same time period as the expected term.

The expected dividend yield is derived by a mathematical formula which uses the expected annual dividends over the expected term divided by the fair market value of our common stock at the grant date.

The expected volatility rate is derived from our actual common stock historical volatility over the same time period as the expected term. The volatility rate is derived by mathematical formula utilizing daily closing price data.

The forfeiture rate is determined from examining the historical pre-vesting forfeiture patterns of past option issuances to key employees. While the forfeiture rate is not an input of the Black Scholes model for determining the fair value of the options, it is an important determinant of stock option compensation expense to be recorded.

The following table summarizes option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Restricted Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we granted 86,516 restricted stock awards to non-executive directors, officers and certain other key employees. The shares of restricted stock granted during the three months ended March 31, 2018, vest pro-rata over three years for officers and certain other key employees and over one year for non-executive directors. We determined the fair value of the shares awarded by using the closing price of our common stock as of the date of grant. The weighted average grant date value of restricted stock granted in the three months ended March 31, 2018, was $24.55 per share. Total grant-date fair value of restricted stock that vested in the three months ended March 31, 2018, was $1.5 million.

The following table summarizes the status of unvested restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2018, and changes during the three months then ended.

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Performance Share Units

Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) are a form of long-term incentive compensation awarded to executive officers and certain other key employees designed to directly align the interests of employees to the interests of our stockholders, and to create long-term stockholder value. PSU awards granted in 2018 were made pursuant to the NN, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan and a Performance Share Unit Agreement. Some PSUs are based on total shareholder return (“TSR Awards”), and other PSUs are based on return on invested capital (“ROIC Awards”).

The TSR Awards vest, if at all, upon our achieving a specified relative total shareholder return, which will be measured against the total shareholder return of the S&P SmallCap 600 Index during specified performance periods as defined in the award agreements. Each performance period generally begins on January 1 of the year of grant and ends 36 months later on December 31. The ROIC Awards will vest, if at all, upon our achieving a specified average return on invested capital during the performance periods. We recognize compensation expense over the performance period in which the performance and market conditions are measured. If the PSUs do not vest at the end of the performance periods, then the PSUs will expire automatically. Upon vesting, the PSUs will be settled by the issuance of shares of our common stock, subject to the executive officer’s continued employment. The actual number of shares of common stock will be issued to each award recipient at the end of the performance periods will be interpolated between a threshold and maximum payout amount based on actual performance results. No dividends will be paid on outstanding PSUs during the performance period; however, dividend equivalents will be paid based on the number of shares of common stock that are ultimately earned at the end of the Performance Periods.

With respect to the TSR Awards, a participant will earn 50% of the target number of PSUs for “Threshold Performance,” 100% of the target number of PSUs for “Target Performance,” and 150% of the target number of PSUs for “Maximum Performance.” With respect to the ROIC Awards, a participant will earn 35% of the target number of PSUs for “Threshold Performance,” 100% of the target number of PSUs for “Target Performance,” and 150% of the target number of PSUs for “Maximum Performance. For performance levels falling between the values shown below, the percentages will be determined by interpolation. The following table presents the goals with respect to TSR and ROIC for each award granted in 2018.

TSR:

We estimate the grant date fair value of TSR Awards using the Monte Carlo simulation model, as the total shareholder return metric is considered a market condition under ASC Topic 718, Compensation – stock compensation. The grant date fair value of ROIC Awards is based on the closing price of a share of our common stock on the date of grant. The following table presents the number of awards granted and the grant date fair value of each award in the periods presented.

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We generally recognize an expense for ROIC Awards based on the Target Performance threshold of 100% because, at the date of grant, the Target Performance is the probable level of performance achievement. All PSUs that vested on December 31, 2017, were settled in shares in May 2018.

The following table summarizes the status of unvested PSU awards as of March 31, 2018, and changes during the period then ended.

Note 15. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The calculations of diluted income from continuing operations per share for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, exclude 0.5 million and 0.6 million potentially dilutive stock options, which had the effect of being anti-dilutive. Given the loss from continuing operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, all options are considered anti-dilutive and were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss from continuing operations per share.

Note 16. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price representing the expected amount that an entity would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction with market participants at the measurement date. We followed consistent methods and assumptions to estimate fair values as more fully described in the 2017 Annual Report.

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Our financial instruments that are subject to fair value disclosure consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and long-term debt. As of March 31, 2018, the carrying values of these financial instruments approximated fair value. The fair value of floating-rate debt approximates the carrying amount because the interest rates paid are based on short-term maturities. As of March 31, 2018, we had no fixed-rate debt outstanding.

Fair value principles prioritize valuation inputs across three broad levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. An asset or liability’s classification within the various levels is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

We completed the Bridgemedica acquisition on February 22, 2018. In connection with our accounting for this acquisition, it was necessary for us to estimate the values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which involved the use of various assumptions discussed in Note 3. We utilized Level 3 inputs to estimate the fair values of these assets and liabilities.

Note 17. Prior Periods’ Financial Statement Revision

The following tables present the effect of the correction of those misstatements that impacted the three months ended March 31, 2017, as further described in Note 1, and the related adjustments to reflect the revision on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Also, as further described in Note 2, due to the disposition of the PBC Business and the related discontinued operations treatment, the tables below present separately the impact of the correction of the misstatements as well as the effect of recasting the prior periods for discontinued operations.

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The following table presents the effect of the correction of the misstatements on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Note 18. Subsequent Event

Paragon Medical Acquisition

On May 7, 2018, we acquired 100% of the stock of PMG Intermediate Holding Corporation, the parent company of Paragon Medical, Inc. (“Paragon Medical”) for $375.0 million in cash. Paragon Medical is a medical device manufacturer which focuses on the orthopedic, case and tray, implant and instrument markets. Operating results of Paragon Medical will be reported prospectively in our Life Sciences division. The effects of this acquisition are not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q because the acquisition occurred subsequent to March 31, 2018. We are in the process of analyzing the opening balance sheet and purchase price allocation.

Second Lien Credit Agreement

In connection with the closing, we, certain of our subsidiaries named therein, SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent, SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc. as Lead Arranger and Bookrunner, and the lenders named therein entered into a Second Lien Credit Agreement (the “Second Lien Credit Agreement”) pursuant to which SunTrust and the other lenders extended to us a $200.0 million secured second lien term loan facility (the “Second Lien Facility”). We utilized the net proceeds from the Second Lien Facility, together with cash on hand, to pay the Paragon Medical purchase price and fees and expenses related to the acquisition. The Second Lien Facility matures on April 19, 2023, and bears interest at either (i) a base rate, plus an applicable margin, or (ii) the greater of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or 1.00%, plus an applicable margin. The initial applicable margin for all borrowings under the Second Lien Facility is 7.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and 8.00% per annum with respect to LIBOR borrowings. We may voluntarily prepay outstanding loans under the Second Lien Facility, in whole or in part without premium or penalty until August 7, 2018, or at any time following May 7, 2020. We may be subject to a prepayment penalty of 2% of the amount of such loans that we prepay between August 7, 2018, and May 7, 2020. If we prepay any outstanding loans after May 7, 2019, but prior to May 7, 2020, we may be subject to a prepayment penalty of 1% of the amount prepaid. The Second Lien Credit Agreement requires us to prepay outstanding loans, subject to certain exceptions, with: (i) a variable percentage of excess cash flow; (ii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of non-ordinary course asset sales or other dispositions of property, and 100% of the net cash proceeds from certain insurance and condemnation events with respect to our assets, subject to customary thresholds and reinvestment rights; (iii)

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100% of the net cash proceeds from the issuance or incurrence of debt obligations for borrowed money not permitted by the Second Lien Credit Agreement; and (iv) 100% of the net cash proceeds from the issuance of equity between May 7, 2018, and August 7, 2018. In addition to other exceptions set forth in the Second Lien Credit Agreement, prepayments are not required to the extent of any required prepayments under the First Lien Credit Agreement, as defined in the Second Lien Credit Agreement.

Amendment to Credit Facility

On May 7, 2018, we entered into an amendment to our existing credit facility to permit the Paragon Medical acquisition, to permit the Second Lien Credit Agreement, and to amend certain covenants.

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NN, Inc., is a global diversified industrial company that combines advanced engineering and production capabilities with in-depth materials science expertise to design and manufacture high-precision components and assemblies for the medical, aerospace and defense, electrical, automotive and general industrial markets. As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “NN,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to NN, Inc., and its subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2018, we had 44 facilities in North America, Europe, South America and China.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to NN, Inc., based on current beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. Forward-looking statements generally will be accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are outside of management’s control and that may cause actual results to be materially different from such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, general economic conditions and economic conditions in the industrial sector, competitive influences, risks that current customers will commence or increase captive production, risks of capacity underutilization, quality issues, availability of raw materials, currency and other risks associated with international trade, our dependence on certain major customers, the impact of acquisitions and divestitures, unanticipated difficulties integrating acquisitions, new laws and governmental regulations, and other risk factors and cautionary statements listed from time-to-time in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We disclaim any obligation to update any such factors or to publicly announce the result of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements included herein or therein to reflect future events or developments.

For additional information concerning such risk factors and cautionary statements, please see the section titled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, which we filed with the SEC on April 2, 2018 (the “2017 Annual Report”).

Results of Operations

Factors That May Influence Results of Operations

The following paragraphs describe factors that have influenced results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, that management believes are important to provide an understanding of the business and results of operations.

Management Structure

In January 2018, we implemented a new enterprise and management structure designed to accelerate growth and further balance our portfolio by aligning our strategic assets and businesses. Our businesses were reorganized into the Mobile Solutions, Power Solutions, and Life Sciences divisions and are based principally on the end markets they serve. The Autocam Precision Components Group reported in our historical financial statements was renamed as the Mobile Solutions division. The Mobile Solutions division is focused on growth in the industrial and automotive end markets. The Precision Engineered Products Group reported in our historical financial statements was bifurcated into two new divisions – Power Solutions and Life Sciences. The Power Solutions division is focused on growth in the electrical and aerospace and defense end markets. The Life Sciences division is focused on growth in the medical end market. In the first quarter of 2018, we began reporting our financial results based on these new reportable segments. Prior year amounts have been revised to confirm to the current year presentation.

Prior Periods’ Financial Statement Revision

Certain prior period amounts have been revised to reflect the impact of corrections of misstatements and to correct the timing of previously recorded out-of-period adjustments. Refer to Note 1 and Note 17 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Life Sciences Acquisitions

On February 22, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the assets of Bridgemedica, LLC (“Bridgemedica”). Bridgemedica is a medical device company that provides concept to supply solutions through design, development engineering and manufacturing. Operating results of Bridgemedica are reported prospectively after the acquisition date. We are in the process of analyzing the opening balance sheet and purchase price allocation.

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As discussed in our 2017 Annual Report, on October 2, 2017, we completed the acquisition of DRT Medical, LLC, which was subsequently named NN Life Sciences – Vandalia, LLC (“Vandalia”), a supplier of precision manufactured medical instruments and orthopedic implants with locations in Ohio and Pennsylvania.

On May 7, 2018, we acquired 100% of the stock of PMG Intermediate Holding Corporation, the parent company of Paragon Medical, Inc. (“Paragon Medical”) for $375.0 million in cash. Paragon Medical is a medical device manufacturer which focuses on the orthopedic, case and tray, implant and instrument markets. The results of Paragon Medical will be included in our financial statements beginning in the second quarter of 2018.

Discontinued Operations

On August 17, 2017, we completed the sale of our global precision bearing components business (the “PBC Business”). The PBC Business included all our facilities that were engaged in the production of precision steel balls, steel rollers, and metal retainers and automotive specialty products used primarily in the bearing industry. The sale of the PBC Business furthers management’s long-term strategy to build a diversified industrial business with a comprehensive geographic footprint in attractive high-growth market segments. The PBC Business represented all of the Precision Bearing Components Group reportable segment disclosed in our historical financial statements.

In accordance with ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements – Discontinued Operations, the operating results of the PBC Business for the three months ended March 31, 2017, are classified as discontinued operations. The presentation of discontinued operations includes revenues and expenses of the discontinued operations, net of tax, as one line item on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. All historical Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income presented have been revised to reflect this presentation. Accordingly, results of the PBC Business have been excluded from continuing operations and division results for all periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes unless otherwise stated. Refer to Note 2 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Tax Reform

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, requires companies to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred, and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings.

At December 31, 2017, we made a reasonable estimate of the effects on the one-time transition tax and included this in our provisional amount. The ultimate impact could possibly differ materially from this provisional amount due to, among other things, additional analysis, changes in interpretations and assumptions we have made, and additional interpretive regulatory guidance that may be issued. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, we may record additional provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date of the Tax Act. The accounting is expected to be complete when our 2017 U.S. corporate income tax return is filed in 2018, and any measurement period adjustments will be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in 2018. As of March 31, 2018, no changes are expected to be made to this estimate.

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2018, Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Overall Consolidated Results