Skillsoft Corp. - Quarter Report: 2023 April (Form 10-Q)

CAUTIONARY NOTES REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) includes statements that are, or may be deemed to be, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbors created by those laws. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate may occur in the future, including such things as our outlook, our product development and planning, our pipeline, future capital expenditures, share repurchases, financial results, the impact of regulatory changes, existing and evolving business strategies and acquisitions and dispositions, demand for our services, competitive strengths, the benefits of new initiatives, growth of our business and operations, our ability to successfully implement our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations and intentions are forward-looking statements. Also, when we use words such as “may,” “will,” “would,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “seek,” “outlook,” “target,” goal,” “probably,” or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements. Such statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of Skillsoft’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. All forward-looking disclosure is speculative by its nature, and we caution you against unduly relying on these forward-looking statements.

Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those described under “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Form 10‑K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements included in the Annual Report and in our other periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q represent our estimates only as of the date of this filing and should not be relied upon as representing our estimates as of any subsequent date. While we may elect to update these forward-looking statements in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so, whether to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, changes in other factors affecting such forward-looking statements, or otherwise.

Although we believe that the assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of these assumptions, and therefore also the forward-looking statements based on these assumptions, could themselves prove to be inaccurate. Given the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this document, our inclusion of this information is not a representation or guarantee by us that our objectives and plans will be achieved. Annualized, pro forma, projected and estimated numbers are used for illustrative purpose only, are not forecasts and may not reflect actual results. Additionally, statements as to market share, industry data and our market position are based on the most current data available to us and our estimates regarding market position or other industry data included in this document or otherwise discussed by us involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including as set forth above.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT NUMBER OF SHARES)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(IN THOUSANDS)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT NUMBER OF SHARES)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(IN THOUSANDS)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SKILLSOFT CORP.

UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOWS INFORMATION

(IN THOUSANDS)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1)    Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

The combined company operates as Skillsoft Corp. (“Skillsoft”, “we”, “us”, “our” and the “Company”) and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “SKIL” beginning on June 14, 2021. Through a portfolio of high-quality content, a platform that is personalized and connected to customer needs, and a broad ecosystem of partners, Skillsoft drives continuous growth and performance for employees and their organizations by overcoming critical skill gaps, unlocking human potential, and transforming the workforce. With 150,000+ expert-led skills-building courses in modalities ranging from video and audio to instructor-led training and practice labs, Skillsoft offers transformative learning experiences for leaders to frontline workers, readers to hands-on learners.

References in the accompanying footnotes to the Company’s fiscal year refer to the fiscal year ended January 31 of that year (e.g., fiscal 2023 is the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023).

Basis of Financial Statement Preparation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Skillsoft and its wholly owned subsidiaries. These financial statements are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for their fair statement. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for any other interim period or a full year. We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of operations, comprehensive income (loss), financial position, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The financial statements contained in these interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023.

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS” Act”), and has and may in the future take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. 

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from our estimates.

(2)    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended  January 31, 2023 and should be read in connection with the reading of these interim unaudited financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

Below we provide a description of our adoption of new Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and the impact of the adoption on the condensed consolidated financial statements. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or insignificant in presentation or amount.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”), which provides new authoritative guidance with respect to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This update changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments by introducing a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model. The CECL model is a more forward-looking approach based on expected losses rather than incurred losses, requiring entities to estimate and record losses expected over the remaining contractual life of an asset. We adopted ASU 2016-13 effective February 1, 2023, and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Related to ASU 2016-13, there is risk and judgment involved in determining estimates of our allowances for credit losses, which reduce the carrying value of an asset to produce an estimate of the net amount that will be collected over the asset's life. We evaluate the expected credit loss of an asset on an individual basis, except in cases where assets collectively share similar risk characteristics where we pool them together. We evaluate and estimate our allowances for credit loss by considering reasonable, relevant, and supportable available information. The Company maintains an allowance based upon expected credit losses of outstanding accounts receivable. Management derives its estimate using a variety of factors, including historical collection and loss patterns; the current aging of receivables; customer-specific credit risk factors (when warranted); and probable future economic conditions which inform adjustments to historical loss patterns. The provision for expected credit losses is recorded in general and administrative in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Accounts receivable deemed to be uncollectible are written off, net of expected or actual recoveries.

Changes in the allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable (in thousands) for the three months ended April 30, 2023 were as follows: 

(3)    Business Combinations

Ryzac, Inc. (“Codecademy”)

On April 4, 2022, the Company acquired Ryzac, Inc (“Codecademy”). Codecademy is a learning platform providing high-demand technical skills to approximately 40 million registered learners in nearly every country worldwide. The platform offers interactive, self-paced courses and hands-on learning in 14 programming languages across multiple domains such as application development, data science, cloud and cybersecurity.

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under ASC 805, Business Combinations, utilizing the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, the acquisition date fair value of the consideration paid by the Company was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values.

The following summarizes the purchase consideration (in thousands):

The Company recorded the fair value of the purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as follows (in thousands):

The values allocated to identifiable intangible assets and their estimated useful lives are as follows (in thousands):

Values and useful lives assigned to intangible assets were based on estimated value and use of these assets by a market participant. The customer relationships were valued using the income approach. The trade name was valued using the relief from royalty method. The courseware and proprietary delivery software were valued using the replacement cost approach.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company determined that the acquisition of Codecademy resulted in the recognition of goodwill primarily because the acquisition is expected to help the Company to meet its long-term operating profitability objectives through achievement of synergies. The majority of goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The acquired intangible assets and goodwill are subject to review for impairment if indicators of impairment develop and otherwise at least annually.

In the three months ended April 30, 2022, the Company incurred $7.7 million in acquisition-related costs, which primarily consisted of transaction fees and legal, accounting, and other professional services. These costs are included in the "acquisition-related costs" in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma financial information below is presented in accordance with Regulation S-X, Article 11 to enhance comparability for all periods by including operating results for Codecademy as if the merger had closed on February 1, 2022 (in thousands):

The unaudited pro forma financial information does not assume any impacts from revenue, cost, or other operating synergies that could be generated as a result of the acquisition. The unaudited pro forma financial information is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisition been consummated on February 1, 2022. The unaudited pro forma financial information includes adjustments to reflect intangible asset amortization based on the economic values derived from definite-lived intangible assets and interest expense on the new debt financing. The pro forma results of operations also exclude acquisition-related costs other than the transaction costs specific to the business combinations occurring in April 2022. These transaction costs are presented as if they occurred in February 2022.

(4)    Discontinued Operations

On June 12, 2022, Skillsoft entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), by and among Skillsoft, Skillsoft (US) Corporation (“Seller”), Amber Holding Inc. (“SumTotal”), and Cornerstone OnDemand, Inc. (“Buyer”), pursuant to which, subject to the certain terms and conditions contained therein, Seller agreed to sell, and Buyer agreed to purchase, all of Seller’s right, title and interest in and to one hundred percent (100%) of the outstanding shares of capital stock of SumTotal. The sale was completed on August 15, 2022. Final net proceeds from the sale were $174.9 million, after final working capital adjustments in April 2023.

In connection with the sale, the parties to the Purchase Agreement entered into certain other agreements, including a transition services agreement pursuant to which each of Seller and Buyer agreed to provide the other party with certain transition services for a limited period following the closing.

The Company determined that the sale of the SumTotal business met the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations, and its assets and liabilities held for sale, as of June 12, 2022. Accordingly, the Company classified the assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations as held for sale in its consolidated balance sheets at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Classification for the assets and liabilities in comparative periods retained their previous classification as current or long-term. No losses were recognized upon classification of the discontinued operations' assets and liabilities as held for sale. Depreciation and amortization ceased on assets classified as held for sale. The operating results of SumTotal are reported as discontinued operations, for all periods presented, as the disposition reflects a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results.

The financial results of SumTotal are presented as Income from discontinued operations, net of tax on our condensed consolidated Statement of Operations. The following presents financial results of SumTotal for the three months ended April 30, 2022 in our condensed consolidated Statement of Operations (in thousands):

In addition, the amounts described in other footnotes within these condensed consolidated financial statements have been updated to reflect the amounts applicable to continuing operations, unless otherwise noted.

(5)    Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

Amortization expense related to the existing finite-lived intangible assets is expected to be as follows (in thousands):

Amortization expense related to intangible assets in the aggregate was $38.2 million and $39.6 million for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Impairment Review Requirements

The Company reviews intangible assets subject to amortization if any adverse conditions exist or a change in circumstances has occurred that would indicate impairment or a change in remaining useful life. The Company reviews indefinite lived intangible assets, including goodwill, on the annual impairment test date ( January 1) or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment.

In connection with the impairment evaluation, the Company may first consider qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances indicates that it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Performing a quantitative goodwill impairment test is not necessary if an entity determines based on this assessment that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company fails or elects to bypass the qualitative assessment, the goodwill impairment test must be performed. This test requires a comparison of the carrying value of the reporting unit to its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the difference is recorded, not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. In determining reporting units, the Company first identifies its operating segments, and then assesses whether any components of these segments constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and where segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component.

The Company completed the qualitative assessment discussed above for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and concluded that, there were not indicators of impairment for our reporting units.

A roll forward of goodwill is as follows:

As of April 30, 2023, there was $569.3 million and $72.1 million of accumulated impairment losses for the Content & Platform (formerly referred to as Skillsoft) and Instructor-Led Training (formerly referred to as Global Knowledge) segments, respectively.

If current discount rates rise or if relevant market-based inputs for our impairment assessment worsen during the remainder of fiscal 2024, and if our share price remains below our reporting unit fair value per share, we will need to reassess intangible impairment at the end of each quarter. Subsequent reviews of intangibles could result in impairment during fiscal 2024. Factors that could result in an impairment include, but are not limited to, the following:

(6)    Taxes

For the three months ended April 30, 2023, the Company recorded a tax benefit on continuing operations of $4.4 million on a pretax loss of $48.6 million. The tax benefit reflects the impact of non-deductible items, current period changes in the Company’s valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets and the impact of foreign rate differential.

For the three months ended April 30, 2022, the Company recorded a tax benefit on continuing operations of $22.3 million on a pretax loss of $45.4 million. The tax benefit reflects the impact of non-deductible items, current period changes in the Company’s valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets and the impact of foreign rate differential.

(7)    Restructuring

In connection with strategic initiatives implemented during the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s management approved and initiated plans to reduce its cost structure and better align operating expenses with existing economic conditions and the Company’s operating model. The Company recorded restructuring charges of $5.2 million and $4.0 million during the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These restructuring charges are presented separately in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations and include primarily the severance costs of terminated employees and lease termination and lease impairment charges.

(8)    Leases, Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s lease portfolio includes office space, training centers, and vehicles to support its research and development activities, sales operations and other corporate and administrative functions in North America, Europe and Asia. The Company’s leases have remaining terms of one year to 10 years. Some of the Company’s leases include options to extend or terminate the lease prior to the end of the agreed upon lease term. For purposes of calculating lease liabilities, lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options.

Operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the expected lease term. As the Company’s operating leases generally do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of future payments. The incremental borrowing rate represents an estimate of the interest rate the Company would incur at the acquisition date to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over the term of a lease within a particular location and currency environment. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate for its operating leases as of April 30, 2023 and January 31, 2023 was 5.7% and 5.5%, respectively.

The operating leases are included in the caption “Right of use assets”, “Lease liabilities”, and “Long-term lease liabilities” on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 2023 and January 31, 2023. The weighted-average remaining lease term of the Company’s operating leases is 6.0 years as of April 30, 2023. Lease costs for minimum lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease costs were $1.4 million and related cash payments were $1.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2023. The lease costs were $2.3 million and related cash payments were $2.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2022. Lease costs are included within content and software development, selling and marketing, and general and administrative lines on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, and the operating leases related cash payments were included in the operating cash flows and the finance lease related cash payments were included in the financing cash flows on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Short-term lease costs and variable lease costs are not material.

See Note 7 for discussion related to restructuring charges associated with lease termination and lease impairment charges.

The below reconciles the undiscounted future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases to the total lease liabilities recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 2023:

Litigation

The Company is, from time to time, party to general legal proceedings and claims, which arise in the ordinary course of business including those relating to commercial and contractual disputes, employment matters, intellectual property, and other business matters. When appropriate, management consults with legal counsel and other appropriate experts to assess claims. If, in management’s opinion, we have incurred a probable loss as determined in accordance with GAAP, an estimate is made of the loss and the appropriate accrual is reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Currently, there are no material amounts accrued. While it is not possible to quantify the financial impact or predict the outcome of all pending claims and litigation, management does not anticipate that the outcome of any current proceedings or known claims, either individually or in aggregate, will materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Guarantees

The Company’s software license arrangements and hosting services are typically warranted to perform in a manner consistent with general industry standards that are reasonably applicable and substantially in accordance with the Company’s product documentation under normal use and circumstances. The Company’s arrangements also include certain provisions for indemnifying customers against liabilities if its products or services infringe a third party’s intellectual property right. The Company has entered into service level agreements with some of its hosted application customers warranting certain levels of uptime reliability and such agreements permit those customers to receive credits against monthly hosting fees or terminate their agreements in the event that the Company fails to meet those levels for an agreed upon period of time.

To date, the Company has not incurred any material costs as a result of such indemnifications or commitments and has not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

(9)    Long-Term Debt

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

On July 16, 2021, Skillsoft Finance II, Inc. (“Skillsoft Finance II”), a subsidiary of Skillsoft Corp., entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), by and among Skillsoft Finance II, as borrower, Skillsoft Finance I, Inc., as holdings (“Holdings”), the lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, pursuant to which the lenders provided a $480 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) to Skillsoft Finance II, the proceeds of which, together with cash on hand, were used to refinance existing debt. The Term Loan Facility is scheduled to mature on July 16, 2028 (the “Maturity Date”).

In connection with the closing of the Codecademy acquisition, Skillsoft Finance II entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2022 (the “First Amendment”), among Skillsoft Finance II, Holdings, certain subsidiaries of Skillsoft Finance II, as guarantors, Citibank N.A., as administrative agent, and the financial institutions parties thereto as Term B-1 Lenders, which amended the Credit Agreement (as amended by the First Amendment, the “Amended Credit Agreement”).

The First Amendment provides for the incurrence of up to $160 million of Term B-1 Loans (the “Term B-1 Loans”) under the Amended Credit Agreement. In addition, the First Amendment, among other things, (a) provides for early opt-in to Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") for the existing term loans under the Credit Agreement (such existing term loans together with the Term B-1 Loans, the “Initial Term Loans”) and (b) provides for the applicable margin for the Initial Term Loans at 4.25% with respect to base rate borrowings and 5.25% with respect to SOFR borrowings.

The Company received $153.2 million of net proceeds (net of $4.0 million of financing costs and $2.8 million of original issuance discounts) from the Term Loan Facility on April 4, 2022. The Company used the net proceeds and cash on hand for the closing of the Codecademy acquisition on April 4, 2022.

The refinancing was accounted for as a modification for certain lenders and an extinguishment for other lenders and debt issuance costs and lender fees were accounted for in proportion to whether the related principal balance was considered modified or extinguished. Accordingly, both newly incurred and deferred financing costs and original issuance discounts of $0.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively, will be amortized as additional interest expense over the term of the Initial Term Loans.

Prior to the maturity thereof, the Initial Term Loans will be subject to quarterly amortization payments of 0.25% of the principal amount.

On August 15, 2022, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement entered on June 12, 2022 by and among Skillsoft, Skillsoft (US) Corporation (“Seller”), Amber Holding Inc. (“SumTotal”), and Cornerstone OnDemand, Inc. (“Buyer”), Seller completed the sale of one hundred percent (100%) of the outstanding shares of capital stock of SumTotal to Buyer. As a result of the asset sale, the Company made a mandatory prepayment of $31.4 million to the lenders in August 2022.

All obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of those obligations (as well as certain cash management obligations and interest rate hedging or other swap agreements), are secured by substantially all of Skillsoft Finance II’s personal property as well as the assets of each subsidiary guarantor.

Amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facility bear interest, at the option of Skillsoft Finance II, at a rate equal to (a) SOFR (subject to a floor of 0.75%) plus a credit premium based on the tenor of the interest plus 5.25% for SOFR Loans or (b) the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus ½ of 1%, (ii) the “prime rate” quoted by the administrative agent, (iii) Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.00% and (iv) 1.75%, plus 3.75% for alternative base rate loans. As of April 30, 2023, the balance of $601.0 million of Term B-1 Loans bears interest at a rate equal to SOFR plus a credit premium of 0.11% plus a spread of 5.25%, per annum, with a SOFR floor of 0.75%, and quarterly principal repayments of $1.6 million until maturity.

Voluntary prepayment is permitted under the Term Loan Facility. Loan Parties are subject to various affirmative and negative covenants and reporting obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement. These include, among other things, limitations on indebtedness, liens, sale and leaseback transactions, investments, fundamental changes, assets sales, restricted payments, affiliate transactions, and restricted debt payments. Events of default under the Term Loan Facility include non-payment of amounts due to the lenders, violation of covenants, materially incorrect representations, defaults under other material indebtedness, judgments and specified insolvency-related events, certain ERISA events, and invalidity of loan or collateral documents, subject to, in certain instances, specified thresholds, cure periods and exceptions. As of  April 30, 2023, the Company is in compliance with all covenants.

The Company’s debt outstanding as of April 30, 2023 matures as shown below (in thousands):

Accounts Receivable Facility

On December 20, 2018, the Company entered into a $75.0 million receivables credit agreement, with a termination date of the earliest of 5 years from closing or 45 days before the revolving credit facility maturity or 180 days before the maturity of any term indebtedness greater than $75 million. There are four classes of available receivables for sale with advance rates between 50.0% and 85.0%. The lenders require the Company to deposit receipts from sold receivables to a restricted concentration account. Receivables that have been sold to the lenders must be transferred to the restricted concentration account within two business days of being collected by the Company. The Company accounts for these transactions as borrowings, as the assets being transferred contain the rights to future revenues. Under these agreements, the Company receives the net present value of the accounts receivable balances being transferred. The interest rate on borrowings outstanding under these agreements was 8.0% at April 30, 2023. Borrowings and repayments under these agreements are presented as cash flows from financing activities in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

On September 19, 2019, the Company amended the receivables credit agreement to include Class “B” lending. This increased the facility borrowing capacity up to $90.0 million. In conjunction with this, it increased the advance rate to 95% across the four classes of available receivables. All other terms and conditions remained materially the same.

On August 27, 2020, the Company amended its accounts receivable facility. In connection with the amendment, additional capacity under the previous accounts receivable facility which had been extended by the private equity sponsor of the Company’s prior owner was eliminated, reducing the maximum capacity of the facility from $90 million to $75 million. The advance rate was also reduced from 90% to between 50.0% and 85.0% based on the class categorization of the receivable. The maturity date for the remaining $75 million facility was extended to the earlier of (i) December 2024 or (ii) 90 days prior to the maturity of any corporate debt. The Company submits a monthly reconciliation on each month’s settlement date detailing what was collected from the prior months borrowing base and what receivables are being sold during the new borrowing base period to replenish them. If additional receivables are sold to replenish receipts, the funds from the concentration account will be returned to the Company from the restricted concentration account by the administration agent. The reserve balances were $8.1 million at  April 30, 2023 and are classified as restricted cash on the balance sheet. As of April 30, 2023, $45.2 million was drawn from our accounts receivable facility. 

(10)    Shareholders’ Equity

Common Stock

As of April 30, 2023, the Company’s authorized share capital consisted of 375,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 3,840,000 shares of Class C common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with a par value $0.0001 each, and 159,578,765 shares of Class A common stock were issued and outstanding. As of April 30, 2023, the Company had no shares of Class C outstanding. The number of authorized shares of Class A common stock or preferred stock authorized for issuance may be increased by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the Company’s capital stock entitled to vote thereon. Except as required by law, holders of shares of Class C common stock are not entitled to vote any such shares.

Subject to applicable law, the Company may declare dividends to be paid ratably to holders of Class A common stock out of the Company’s assets that are legally available to be distributed as dividends in the discretion of the Company’s board of directors. Holders of Class C common stock are generally not entitled to dividends.

Warrants

Refer to Note 11, for information related to the equity classified warrants.

Share Repurchases and Repurchase Authorization

On September 7, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized Skillsoft to repurchase up to $30.0 million of its Class A common stock, which will expire September 7, 2023 unless extended. Under the program, the Company may purchase shares in the open market, in private negotiated transactions, or by other means from time to time. The timing and amount of any shares purchased will be based upon a variety of factors, including the share price of Class A common stock, general market conditions, alternative uses for capital such as reducing debt, the Company’s financial performance, and other considerations. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any minimum number of shares, and the program may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice. Under the program, the Company repurchased 4,365,255 of its shares for $8.0 million during the three months ended April 30, 2023. From inception through the first quarter of fiscal 2024, we repurchased 5,995,530 of our shares for $10.9 million. Related to the repurchases during the first quarter of fiscal 2024, 654,838 shares for $0.9 million were settled in May 2023.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) associated with foreign currency translation adjustments (in thousands) consisted of the following:

(11)    Warrants

In connection with the formation of the Company and subsequent acquisitions of Software Luxembourg Holdings S.A. and Albert DE Holdings Inc., warrants to purchase common stock were issued to investors, sellers of Albert DE Holdings Inc. and an executive of the Company. Warrants that are not subject to ASC 718, Stock Compensation and (i) contained features that could cause the warrant to be puttable to the Company for cash or (ii) had terms that prevented the conversion of the warrant from being fixed in all circumstances, are classified as a liability on the Company’s balance sheet and measured at fair value, with changes in fair value being recorded in the income statement, whereas all other warrants meet the equity scope exception and are classified as equity and not remeasured.

A summary of liability classified warrants is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, Churchill Capital (the “Sponsor”) purchased an aggregate of 15,800,000 Private Placement Warrants. An additional 1,500,000 of warrants were issued at the closing in connection with the repayment of a promissory note due to the Sponsor. One million of the Private Placement Warrants were transferred to the incoming CEO as described below. These warrants held by the Sponsor include provisions that provide for potential changes to the settlement amounts on redemptions were dependent upon the characteristics of the holder of the warrant. As of  April 30, 2023, 453,596 Private Placement Warrants had been transferred to public holders (included in "Public Warrants" in the table below). Because the holder of the instrument is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares, the warrants are precluded from being indexed to the entity’s stock and are classified as a liability measured at fair value, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings.

A summary of equity classified warrants is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

A description of each category of warrants issued and outstanding is as follows:

Public Warrants and PIPE Private Placement Warrants (hereinafter referred to as “Redeemable Warrants”) are currently exercisable and may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. The Company may redeem these warrants:

If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.

If the Company calls the Redeemable Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of Class A common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants.

The Sponsor and CEO Private Placement Warrants have the same terms as the Public Warrants, except they will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Sponsor Private Placement Warrants are transferred to someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, they will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Global Knowledge Private Placement Warrants are not redeemable, even upon a transfer in ownership.

(12)    Stock-based compensation

Equity Incentive Plans

In June 2021, Skillsoft Corp adopted the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other equity-based awards, and cash-based incentive awards to employees, directors, and consultants of the Company. Under the 2020 Plan, 13,105,902 shares were initially made available for issuance. The 2020 Plan includes an annual increase on January 1 each year beginning on January 1, 2022, in an amount equal to 5.0% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year. The Compensation Committee may act prior to January 1 of a given year to provide that there will be no January 1 increase for such year or that the increase for such year will be a lesser number of shares of common stock than provided for in the 2020 Plan. As of April 30, 2023, a total of 1,697,713 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the 2020 Plan.

Stock Options

Under the 2020 Plan all employees, directors and consultants are eligible to receive incentive share options or non-statutory share options. The options generally vest over four years and have a term of ten years. Vested options under the plan generally expire not later than 90 days following termination of employment or service or twelve months following an optionees’ death or disability. The fair value of stock options is determined on the grant date and amortized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis.

The following summarizes the stock option activity for the three months ended April 30, 2023:

The total unrecognized equity-based compensation costs related to the stock options was $3.9 million based on the $2.59 weighted average grant date fair value of the options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) represent a right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock that is both non-transferable and forfeitable unless and until certain conditions are satisfied. Other than restricted stock units granted to our non-employee directors, which vest upon the earlier of the anniversary of the grant date and the Company’s next annual meeting of stockholders, restricted stock units generally vest ratably over a three or four-year period, subject to continued employment through each anniversary. The fair value of restricted stock units is determined on the grant date and is amortized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis.

The following summarizes the RSU activity for the three months ended April 30, 2023:

The total unrecognized stock-based compensation costs related to RSUs was $64.5 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

Market-based Restricted Stock Units

Market-based restricted stock units (“MBRSUs”) vest over a three-year or four-year performance period, subject to continued employment through each anniversary and achievement of market conditions, specifically the Company's stock price and an objective relative total shareholder return. The fair value of MBRSUs that include vesting based on market conditions are estimated using the Monte Carlo valuation method. Compensation cost for these awards is recognized based on the grant date fair value which is recognized over the vesting period using the accelerated attribution method.

The following summarizes the MBRSUs activity for the three months ended April 30, 2023:

The total unrecognized stock-based compensation costs related to MBRSUs was $10.8 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

The following summarizes the classification of stock-based compensation in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

(13)    Revenue

Revenue Components and Performance Obligations

Subscription services

The Company offers subscriptions that provide customers access to a broad-based spectrum of learning options including access to cloud-based learning content and individualized coaching. The Company’s cloud-based subscription solutions normally do not provide customers with the right to take possession of the software supporting the platform or to download course content without continuing to incur fees for hosting services and, as a result, are accounted for as service arrangements. Access to the platform and course content represents a series of distinct services as the Company continually provides access to, and fulfills its obligation to, the end customer over the subscription term. The series of distinct services represents a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time. Accordingly, the fixed consideration related to subscription revenue is usually recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term, beginning on the date that the service is made available to the customer. The Company’s subscription contracts typically vary from one year to three years. The Company’s cloud-based solutions arrangements are mostly non-cancellable, non-refundable, and are invoiced in advance of the subscription services being provided.

Virtual, on-demand and classroom

The Company’s virtual, on-demand and classroom training provide customers with technical training. Revenue is recognized in the period in which the services are performed. Billing is in advance of the services being provided or immediately after the services have been provided.

Professional services

The Company also sells professional services related to its cloud solutions which are typically considered distinct performance obligations and are recognized over time as services are performed. For fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized based on the actual service provided to the end of the reporting period as a proportion of the total services to be provided (proportional performance method). These services usually consist of implementation, integration, and general consulting. Mostly, the Company’s professional service engagements are short in duration. Billing is commonly in advance of the services being provided.

Disaggregated Revenue and Geography Information

The following is a summary of revenues by type for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

Other than the United States, no single country accounted for more than 10% of revenue for all periods presented.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue activity for the three months ended April 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

Deferred revenue performance obligations relate predominantly to time-based SaaS and subscription services that are billed in advance of services being rendered.

Deferred Contract Acquisition Costs

Deferred contract acquisition cost activity for the three months ended April 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

(14)    Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820 in order of priority are as follows:

The following summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of April 30, 2023 and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

Warrants

A summary of liability-classified warrants is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

The Company classifies Sponsor Private Placement Warrants as liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 815. Refer to Note 11 "Warrants" for more detail. The inputs for determining fair value of these warrants are classified as Level 3 inputs. The Company estimates the fair value of the Sponsor Private Placement Warrants using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions:

The following reconciles Level 3 instruments for which significant unobservable inputs were used to determine fair value:

Interest Rate Swap

On June 17, 2022, the Company entered into two fixed-rate interest rate swap agreements to change the SOFR-based component of the interest rate on a portion of the Company’s variable rate debt to a fixed rate (the “Interest Rate Swaps”). The Interest Rate Swaps have a combined notional amount of $300.0 million and a maturity date of June 5, 2027. The objective of the Interest Rate Swaps is to eliminate the variability of cash flows in interest payments on the first $300.0 million of variable rate debt attributable to changes in benchmark one-month SOFR interest rates. The hedged risk is the interest rate risk exposure to changes in interest payments, attributable to changes in benchmark SOFR interest rates over the interest rate swap term. The changes in cash flows of the interest rate swap are expected to offset changes in cash flows of the variable rate debt. The Interest Rate Swaps are not designated as a cash flow hedge and changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in earnings each period. For the three months ended April 30, 2023, the Company recognized a non-cash gain of $0.3 million, attributable to the Interest Rate Swaps.

The inputs for determining fair value of the Interest Rate Swaps are classified as Level 2 inputs. Level 2 fair value is based on estimates using standard pricing models. These standard pricing models use inputs which are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves, index forward curves, discount curves, and volatility surfaces. The counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly rated financial institutions which we believe carry only a minimal risk of nonperformance.

Other Fair Value Instruments

The Company currently invests excess cash balances primarily in money market funds invested in United States Treasury securities and United States Treasury securities repurchase agreements, as well as cash deposits held at major banks. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables and accrued liabilities, as reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of  April 30, 2023, approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. 

Our long-term debt is a financial instrument, and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding principal as of April 30, 2023, was $524.3 million. This fair value is determined based on inputs that are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

(15)    Segment Information

ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), in determining how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company’s CODM evaluates results using the operating segment structure as the primary basis for which the allocation of resources and financial results are assessed.

The Company has organized its business into two segments: Content & Platform (formerly referred to as Skillsoft content) and Instructor-Led Training (also known as Global Knowledge). All of the Company’s segments market and sell their offerings globally to businesses of many sizes, government agencies, educational institutions and resellers with a worldwide sales force positioned to offer the combinations that best meet customer needs. The CODM primarily uses revenues and operating income as measures used to evaluate financial results and allocation of resources. The Company allocates certain operating expenses to the reportable segments, including general and administrative costs based on the usage and relative contribution provided to the segments. There are no intercompany revenue transactions reported between the Company’s reportable segments.

The Content & Platform business engages in the sale, marketing and delivery of its content learning solutions, in areas such as Leadership and Business, Technology and Developer and Compliance. This includes individualized coaching as well as technical skill areas assumed in the Codecademy acquisition. In addition, Content & Platform offers Percipio, an intelligent artificial intelligence ("AI")-driven online learning platform that delivers an immersive learning experience through software as a service ("SAAS") solutions. It leverages its highly engaging content, curated into nearly 700 learning paths (channels) that are continuously updated to ensure customers always have access to the latest information.

The Instructor-Led Training business offers training solutions covering information technology and business skills for corporations and their employees. Instructor-Led Training guides its customers throughout their lifelong technology learning journey by offering relevant and up-to-date skills training through instructor-led (in-person “classroom” or online “virtual”) and self-paced (“on-demand”), vendor certified, and other proprietary offerings. Instructor-Led Training offers a wide breadth of training topics and delivery modalities (classroom, virtual, on-demand) both on a transactional and subscription basis.

The following presents summary results for each of the businesses for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022:

Content & Platform segment depreciation for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

Instructor-Led Training segment depreciation for the three months ended  April 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively.

The Company’s segment assets primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, deferred taxes, property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets. The following sets forth the Company’s segment assets as of  April 30, 2023 and January 31, 2023 (in thousands):

The following sets forth the Company’s long-lived tangible assets by geographic region as of  April 30, 2023 and January 31, 2023 (in thousands):

(16)    Net Loss Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive effect of outstanding restricted stock-based awards, stock options, and shares issuable under the employee stock purchase plan using the treasury stock method.

The following sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):

During the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred net losses and, therefore, the effect of the Company’s potentially dilutive securities was not included in the calculation of diluted loss per share as the effect would be anti-dilutive. The following contains share/unit totals with a potentially dilutive impact (in thousands):

(17)    Related Party Transactions

Agreement with Largest Shareholder

In December 2021, Skillsoft entered into a commercial agreement to provide off-the-shelf Skillsoft products to the Company’s largest shareholder, MIH Learning B.V., and its affiliates for $0.7 million over three years.

Codecademy Transaction

An affiliate of our largest shareholder, MIH Learning B.V. ("Prosus") also owned approximately 23.8% of the outstanding equity of Codecademy which we acquired on April 4, 2022.

Consulting Services

In December 2021, Skillsoft engaged The Klein Group, LLC (the “Klein Group”) to act as a consultant to advise the Company of a potential transaction with Codecademy, to assist management in its evaluation of the business opportunity and structuring and negotiation of a potential transaction. Pursuant to this engagement, Skillsoft paid the Klein Group a transaction fee equal to $2.0 million in connection with the Codecademy Merger. Michael Klein, a member of our Board, is the Chief Executive Officer of the Klein Group and the Klein Group is closely affiliated with our second largest shareholder.

(18)    Subsequent Events

The Company has completed an evaluation of all subsequent events after the balance sheet date of April 30, 2023 through the date this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was filed with the SEC, to ensure that this filing includes appropriate disclosure of events both recognized in the financial statements as of April 30, 2023, and events which occurred subsequently but were not recognized in the financial statements. The Company has concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that require disclosure, except as disclosed within these financial statements.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the financial condition as of April 30, 2023, compared with January 31, 2023, and the results of operations for the three months ended April 30, 2023, compared with the corresponding period in fiscal 2023 of Skillsoft Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, “Skillsoft,” “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refers to Skillsoft Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (“Notes”) presented in “Part I – Item 1. Financial Statements” our Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2023 (“2023 Form 10-K”); and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). For more detailed information on the risks and uncertainties associated with the Company’s business activities, see the risks described in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Unless otherwise noted, amounts referenced in this discussion, other than in reference to share numbers, are in thousands.

General

At Skillsoft, we propel organizations and people to grow together through transformative learning experiences.

Through a portfolio of high-quality content, a platform that is personalized and connected to customer needs, and a broad ecosystem of partners, Skillsoft drives continuous growth and performance for employees and their organizations by overcoming critical skill gaps, unlocking human potential, and transforming the workforce. With 150,000+ expert-led skills-building courses in modalities ranging from video and audio to instructor-led training and practice labs, Skillsoft offers transformative learning experiences for leaders to frontline workers, readers to hands-on learners.

Skillsoft supports approximately 70% of the Fortune 1000 with today's sought-after competencies: leadership and business skills, technology and developer skills, and essential safety and risk management compliance. We leverage various learning modalities adaptable to different preferences, schedules, and learning styles — from books to videos, full courses to micro-learning, audiobooks to live bootcamps and coaching. Content is continuously updated with the latest insights, information, and training methods.

Today's learners want the right learning experience, delivered when, where, and how they want it. That's why our approach is mobile-first, and our expert-curated, cloud-based content is served on an open platform that reaches learners wherever they are.

Our community of 86 million learners in 150+ countries around the globe learn in more than 30 languages. As often as they need or want to, typical learners turn to Skillsoft to acquire critical job skills in the flow of work, and grow as leaders, employees, and people. We've helped fuel performance and career growth for more than 20 years.

For more details, refer to “Part I – Item 1. Business” in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Significant Transactions

The two transactions discussed below both occurred during fiscal 2023.

Completion of the Business Combination

On April 4, 2022, the Company acquired Codecademy, a leading online learning platform for technical skills. Codecademy is an innovative and popular learning platform providing high-demand technical skills to approximately 40 million registered learners in nearly every country worldwide. The platform offers interactive, self-paced courses and hands-on learning in 14 programming languages across multiple domains such as application development, data science, cloud and cybersecurity. Total consideration for the acquisition was approximately $386.0 million, consisting of the issuance of 30,374,427 common shares and a net cash payment of $203.4 million. 

Discontinued Operations

On June 12, 2022, we entered into the Purchase Agreement to sell our SumTotal business to a third party for $200 million in cash, subject to adjustments as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. The sale was completed on August 15, 2022. Final net proceeds from the sale were $174.9 million, after final working capital adjustments in April 2023. The disposal of SumTotal assets met the criteria to be reported as held for sale and discontinued operations. As a result, SumTotal’s results of operations are presented, net of tax, separate from the results of continuing operations for all periods presented.

The sale of the SumTotal business will enable us to sharpen our focus on accelerating growth in our core business, providing customers with transformative learning experiences that propel organizations and people to grow together.

Results of Operations

Our results of operations as reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements for these periods are prepared in accordance with GAAP.

The following sets forth certain items from our condensed consolidated statements of operations as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated:

Revenues

We provide, through our Content & Platform and Instructor-Led Training segments, enterprise learning solutions designed to prepare organizations for the future of work, overcome critical skills gaps, drive demonstrable behavior-change, and unlock the potential in their people.

Content & Platform generates revenues from its comprehensive suite of premium, original, and authorized partner content, featuring one of the deepest libraries of leadership and business, technology and development, and compliance curricula. With access to a broad spectrum of learning options (including video, audio, books, bootcamps, live events, and practice labs), organizations can meaningfully increase learner engagement and retention. Content & Platform offerings are predominantly delivered through Percipio, our award-winning, artificial intelligence ("AI")-driven, immersive learning platform purpose built to make learning easier, more accessible, and more effective. In addition, we also have proprietary platforms used for our Codecademy and Skillsoft Coaching offerings. Our learning solutions are typically sold on a subscription basis for a fixed term.

Our Instructor-Led Training segment generates revenues from virtual, in-classroom, and on-demand training solutions in information technology geared at foundational, practitioner and expert information technology professionals. Instructor-Led Training’s digital and in-classroom learning solutions provide enterprises, government agencies, and educational institutions a broad selection of customizable courses to meet their technology and development needs.

Subscription and Non-Subscription Revenue

Software as a service ("SaaS") Subscription Revenue. Represents revenue generated from contracts specifying a minimum fixed fee for services delivered over the life of the contract. The initial term of enterprise contracts is generally one to three years and is usually non-cancellable for the term of the subscription. The fixed fee is commonly paid upfront on an annual basis. These contracts typically consist of subscriptions to our various offerings which provide access to our SaaS platforms, associated content and services, over the contract term.

Non-Subscription Revenue. Primarily comprised of instructor-led training offerings, which consist of both in-person and virtual environments. Instructor-led training, including virtual offerings, are first scheduled, then delivered later, with revenue realized on the delivery date. Non-subscription revenues also include professional services related to implementation of our offerings and subsequent, ongoing consulting engagements. Our non-subscription services complement our subscription business in creating strong and comprehensive customer relationships.

The following is a summary of our revenues by product and service type for the periods indicated: