Territorial Bancorp Inc. - Quarter Report: 2018 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period ended September 30, 2018

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-34403

TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Maryland		26-4674701
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1132 Bishop Street, Suite 2200, Honolulu, Hawaii		96813
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(808) 946-1400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and formal fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐		Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐		Smaller reporting company ☒
		Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: 9,653,455 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, were issued and outstanding as of October 31, 2018.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC.

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report

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PART I

ITEM 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	1
ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	30
ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	44
ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	45

PART II

ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	46
ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	46
ITEM 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	46
ITEM 3.	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES	46
ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	46
ITEM 5.	OTHER INFORMATION	46
ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS	46

SIGNATURES		48

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PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	24,101	$	32,089
Investment securities available for sale		2,565		2,851
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $368,237 and $406,663 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)		381,159		404,792
Loans held for sale		—		403
Loans receivable, net		1,546,734		1,488,971
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost		6,045		6,541
Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost		3,106		3,103
Accrued interest receivable		5,410		5,142
Premises and equipment, net		5,005		5,721
Bank-owned life insurance		44,848		44,201
Income taxes receivable		713		1,571
Deferred income tax assets, net		3,727		4,609
Prepaid expenses and other assets		2,639		3,852
Total assets	$	2,026,052	$	2,003,846

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Deposits	$	1,643,393	$	1,597,295
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		91,000		107,200
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		30,000		30,000
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		20,371		26,390
Income taxes payable		1,415		1,483
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance		4,038		6,624
Total liabilities		1,790,217		1,768,992

Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares, no shares issued or outstanding		—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 9,681,579 and 9,915,058 shares at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		97		99
Additional paid-in capital		65,863		73,050
Unearned ESOP shares		(5,016)		(5,383)
Retained earnings		181,799		172,782
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(6,908)		(5,694)
Total stockholders’ equity		235,835		234,854
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,026,052	$	2,003,846

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Interest income:
Loans	$	15,038	$	13,837	$	44,829	$	40,877
Investment securities		3,032		3,169		9,283		9,328
Other investments		208		171		582		530
Total interest income		18,278		17,177		54,694		50,735

Interest expense:
Deposits		2,899		2,033		8,040		5,459
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		493		264		1,371		779
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		125		221		376		654
Total interest expense		3,517		2,518		9,787		6,892

Net interest income		14,761		14,659		44,907		43,843
Provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		(50)		54		19		2

Net interest income after provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		14,811		14,605		44,888		43,841

Noninterest income:
Service fees on loan and deposit accounts		470		427		1,372		1,490
Income on bank-owned life insurance		216		228		647		681
Gain on sale of investment securities		—		150		45		431
Gain on sale of loans		8		28		61		154
Other		52		76		200		234
Total noninterest income		746		909		2,325		2,990

Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		5,655		5,169		16,798		15,152
Occupancy		1,599		1,529		4,689		4,439
Equipment		1,061		882		3,000		2,630
Federal deposit insurance premiums		150		152		457		448
Other general and administrative expenses		1,038		1,029		3,326		3,553
Total noninterest expense		9,503		8,761		28,270		26,222

Income before income taxes		6,054		6,753		18,943		20,609
Income taxes		1,268		2,580		4,374		7,814
Net income	$	4,786	$	4,173	$	14,569	$	12,795

Basic earnings per share	$	0.52	$	0.45	$	1.57	$	1.38
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.51	$	0.44	$	1.54	$	1.34
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.22	$	0.30	$	0.72	$	0.70
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding		9,212,913		9,280,018		9,238,827		9,250,537
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding		9,377,403		9,521,201		9,424,992		9,535,875

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net income	$	4,786	$	4,173	$	14,569	$	12,795

Change in unrealized loss on securities, net of tax		(19)		12		(79)		(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		(19)		12		(79)		(1)
Comprehensive income	$	4,767	$	4,185	$	14,490	$	12,794

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


									Accumulated
			Additional		Unearned				Other		Total
	Common		Paid-in		ESOP		Retained		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Stock		Capital		Shares		Earnings		Loss		Equity
Balances at December 31, 2016	$	98	$	71,914	$	(5,872)	$	168,962	$	(5,316)	$	229,786

Net income		—		—		—		12,795		—		12,795
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		(1)		(1)
Cash dividends declared ($0.70 per share)		—		—		—		(6,471)		—		(6,471)
Share-based compensation		—		48		—		—		—		48
Allocation of 36,699 ESOP shares		—		777		367		—		—		1,144
Repurchase of 91,456 shares of common stock		(1)		(2,905)		—		—		—		(2,906)
Exercise of 166,837 options for common stock		2		2,895		—		—		—		2,897

Balances at September 30, 2017	$	99	$	72,729	$	(5,505)	$	175,286	$	(5,317)	$	237,292

Balances at December 31, 2017	$	99	$	73,050	$	(5,383)	$	172,782	$	(5,694)	$	234,854

Net income		—		—		—		14,569		—		14,569
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		(79)		(79)
Reclassification of deferred taxes		—		—		—		1,135		(1,135)		—
Cash dividends declared ($0.72 per share)		—		—		—		(6,687)		—		(6,687)
Share-based compensation		—		256		—		—		—		256
Allocation of 36,699 ESOP shares		—		751		367		—		—		1,118
Repurchase of 306,888 shares of common stock		(3)		(9,391)		—		—		—		(9,394)
Exercise of 69,008 options for common stock		1		1,197		—		—		—		1,198

Balances at September 30, 2018	$	97	$	65,863	$	(5,016)	$	181,799	$	(6,908)	$	235,835

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018		2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	14,569	$	12,795
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Provision for loan losses		19		2
Depreciation and amortization		946		816
Deferred income tax expense		911		733
Amortization of fees, discounts, and premiums, net		(324)		(339)
Origination of loans held for sale		(7,996)		(19,023)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale		8,460		20,284
Gain on sale of loans, net		(61)		(154)
Net gain on sale of real estate owned		(4)		—
Gain on sale of investment securities held to maturity		(45)		(431)
Net loss on disposal of premises and equipment		3		25
ESOP expense		1,118		1,144
Share-based compensation expense		256		48
Increase in accrued interest receivable		(268)		(253)
Net increase in bank-owned life insurance		(647)		(682)
Net (increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets		1,213		(1,722)
Net increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses		(6,044)		1,083
Net decrease in advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance		(2,586)		(1,938)
Net decrease in income taxes receivable		858		119
Net increase (decrease) in income taxes payable		(68)		77

Net cash from operating activities		10,310		12,584

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity		(14,983)		(51,894)
Purchases of investment securities available for sale		—		(2,970)
Principal repayments on investment securities held to maturity		34,270		40,925
Principal repayments on investment securities available for sale		171		50
Proceeds from sale of investment securities held to maturity		4,462		7,446
Loan originations, net of principal repayments on loans receivable		(57,568)		(98,468)
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		(4,192)		(1,609)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		4,688		1,541
Purchases of Federal Reserve Bank stock		(3)		(8)
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned		50		—
Purchases of premises and equipment		(233)		(2,172)

Net cash from investing activities		(33,338)		(107,159)

(Continued)

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018		2017
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits	$	46,098	$	78,167
Proceeds from advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		91,000		38,525
Repayments of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		(107,200)		(38,525)
Purchases of Fed Funds		10		10
Sales of Fed Funds		(10)		(10)
Repurchases of common stock		(8,196)		(9)
Cash dividends paid		(6,662)		(6,471)

Net cash from financing activities		15,040		71,687

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(7,988)		(22,888)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period		32,089		61,273

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period	$	24,101	$	38,385

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for:
Interest on deposits and borrowings	$	10,122	$	6,698
Income taxes		2,673		6,956

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Company stock acquired through stock swap and net settlement transactions	$	1,198	$	2,897
Loans transferred to real estate owned		46		—
Dividends declared, not yet paid		25		—

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(1) Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Territorial Bancorp Inc. (the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto filed as part of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been made and consist only of normal recurring adjustments. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year.

(2) Organization

In 2009, Territorial Savings Bank completed a conversion from a mutual holding company to a stock holding company. As part of the conversion, Territorial Mutual Holding Company and Territorial Savings Group, Inc., the former holding companies for Territorial Savings Bank, ceased to exist as separate legal entities, and Territorial Bancorp Inc. became the holding company for Territorial Savings Bank. Upon completion of the conversion and reorganization, a special “liquidation account” was established in an amount equal to the total equity of Territorial Mutual Holding Company as of December 31, 2008. The liquidation account is to provide eligible account holders and supplemental eligible account holders who maintain their deposit accounts with Territorial Savings Bank after the conversion with a liquidation interest in the unlikely event of the complete liquidation of Territorial Savings Bank after the conversion.

In 2014, Territorial Savings Bank converted from a federal savings bank to a Hawaii state-chartered savings bank and became a member of the Federal Reserve System.

(3) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) amended the Revenue Recognition topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). The amendment seeks to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue as well as to develop common revenue standards for U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. The Company reviewed all revenue sources to determine if the sources are in scope for this guidance. Net interest income from financial assets and liabilities are explicitly excluded from the scope of the amendment. The Company’s overall assessment of key in-scope revenue sources include service charges on deposit accounts, rental income from safe deposit boxes and commissions on insurance and annuity sales. Based on the Company’s analysis of these revenue sources, including the amount of revenue, the timing of services rendered and timing of payment for these services, there is no material change in the timing of revenue recognition under the amendment. The Company adopted this amendment as of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. Since there was no material impact on the timing of revenue recognition, no adjustment to beginning retained earnings was deemed necessary. See Note 14, Revenue Recognition, for further information.

In January 2016, the FASB amended the Financial Instruments – Overall topic of the FASB ASC. The amendment addresses several aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. Included are: (a) a requirement to measure equity investments at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (b) a simplification of the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values, (c) the elimination of the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, and (d) a requirement to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. The Company adopted this amendment as of January 1, 2018, and there was no material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

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In February 2016, the FASB amended the Leases topic of the FASB ASC. The primary effects of the amendment will be to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and to disclose certain information about leasing arrangements. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has several lease agreements for branch locations and equipment that will require recognition on the consolidated balance sheets upon adoption of the amendment. The Company will continue to evaluate the effects that the adoption of this amendment will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB amended various sections of the FASB ASC related to the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The amendment changes the threshold for recognizing losses from a “probable” to an “expected” model. The new model is referred to as the current expected credit loss model and applies to loans, leases, held-to-maturity investments, loan commitments and financial guarantees. The amendment requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets as of the reporting date (including historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts) and enhanced disclosures that will help financial statement users understand the estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses and evaluating the credit quality of an organization’s portfolio. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will apply the amendment’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at the beginning of the first period the amendment is effective. The Company is currently evaluating the effects that the adoption of this amendment will have on its consolidated financial statements by gathering the information that is necessary to make the calculations required by the amendment. This may result in increased credit losses on financial instruments recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB amended the Compensation – Retirement Benefits topic of the FASB ASC. The amendment requires the service cost component of net benefit cost to be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from employee services. It also requires the other components of net benefit cost to be reported in the income statement separately from the service cost component. The Company adopted this amendment as of January 1, 2018, and there was no material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB amended the Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income topic of the FASB ASC. Prior to the adoption of the amendment, deferred taxes previously included in accumulated other comprehensive income were not allowed to be adjusted for changes in tax rates. This amendment allows the reclassification of the tax effects resulting from the change in the federal corporate tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was passed in December 2017, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted in any period for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company adopted this amendment during the first quarter of 2018 with the reclassification of $1.1 million of deferred taxes from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.

In August 2018, the FASB amended the Fair Value Measurement topic of the FASB ASC. The amendment affects disclosures only, and includes additions, deletions and modifications of the disclosures of assets and liabilities reported in the fair value hierarchy. The amendment is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. Entities are allowed to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures while delaying adoption of any added disclosures until the effective date. The Company does not expect the adoption of this amendment to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB amended the Compensation – Retirement Benefits topic of the FASB ASC. The amendment affects disclosures related to defined benefit pension or other post retirement plans and includes additions, deletions and clarifications of disclosures. The amendment is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this amendment to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

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(4) Cash and Cash Equivalents

The table below presents the balances of cash and cash equivalents:


	September 30,		December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2018		2017
Cash and due from banks	$	9,421	$	9,114
Interest-earning deposits in other banks		14,680		22,975
Cash and cash equivalents	$	24,101	$	32,089

Interest-earning deposits in other banks consist primarily of deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.

(5) Investment Securities

The amortized cost and fair values of investment securities are as follows:


	Amortized		Gross Unrealized				Estimated
(Dollars in thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2018:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	2,698	$	—	$	(133)	$	2,565
Total	$	2,698	$	—	$	(133)	$	2,565

Held-to-maturity:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	381,084	$	1,231	$	(14,820)	$	367,495
Trust preferred securities		75		667		—		742
Total	$	381,159	$	1,898	$	(14,820)	$	368,237

December 31, 2017:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	2,870	$	—	$	(19)	$	2,851
Total	$	2,870	$	—	$	(19)	$	2,851

Held-to-maturity:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	404,365	$	6,056	$	(4,603)	$	405,818
Trust preferred securities		427		418		—		845
Total	$	404,792	$	6,474	$	(4,603)	$	406,663

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities by maturity date at September 30, 2018 are shown below. Incorporated in the maturity schedule are mortgage-backed and trust preferred securities, which are

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allocated using the contractual maturity as a basis. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


	Amortized		Estimated
(Dollars in thousands)	Cost		Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
Due within 5 years	$	—	$	—
Due after 5 years through 10 years		—		—
Due after 10 years		2,698		2,565
Total	$	2,698	$	2,565

Held-to-maturity:
Due within 5 years	$	5	$	5
Due after 5 years through 10 years		73		73
Due after 10 years		381,081		368,159
Total	$	381,159	$	368,237

Realized gains and losses and the proceeds from sales of held-to-maturity securities are shown in the table below. All sales of securities were U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Proceeds from sales	$	—	$	2,393	$	4,462	$	7,446
Gross gains		—		150		45		431
Gross losses		—		—		—		—

The sale of these mortgage-backed securities, for which the Company had already collected a substantial portion of the outstanding purchased principal (at least 85%), is in accordance with the Investments – Debt and Equity Securities topic of the FASB ASC and does not taint management’s assertion of intent to hold remaining securities in the held-to-maturity portfolio to maturity.

Investment securities with amortized costs of $331.9 million and $287.2 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, were pledged to secure deposits made by state and local governments, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and transaction clearing accounts.

Provided below is a summary of investment securities which were in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The Company does not intend to sell held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities

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until such time as the value recovers or the securities mature and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the securities prior to recovery of value or the securities mature.


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
			Unrealized				Unrealized		Number of			Unrealized
Description of securities	Fair Value		Losses		Fair Value		Losses		Securities	Fair Value		Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2018:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	2,565	$	(133)	1	$	2,565	$	(133)

Held-to-maturity:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	140,735	$	(3,729)	$	160,018	$	(11,091)	95	$	300,753	$	(14,820)

December 31, 2017:
Available-for-sale:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	2,851	$	(19)	$	—	$	—	1	$	2,851	$	(19)

Held-to-maturity:
U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	$	41,163	$	(299)	$	140,200	$	(4,304)	49	$	181,363	$	(4,603)

Mortgage-Backed Securities. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investment in mortgage-backed securities were caused by increases in market interest rates subsequent to purchase. All of the mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, which are U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, or Ginnie Mae, which is a U.S. government agency. Since the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and the Company does not intend to sell these investments until maturity and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell such investments prior to recovery of its cost basis, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Trust Preferred Securities. At September 30, 2018, the Company owned one trust preferred security, PreTSL XXIII. PreTSL XXIII has an amortized cost and a remaining cost basis of $75,000 at September 30, 2018. The trust preferred security represents an investment in a pool of debt obligations issued primarily by holding companies for Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured financial institutions. This security is classified in the Company’s held-to-maturity investment portfolio.

The trust preferred securities market is considered to be inactive as only seven transactions have occurred over the past 81 months in the same tranche of securities that we own and no new issuances of pooled trust preferred securities have occurred since 2007. We used a discounted cash flow model to determine whether this security is other-than-temporarily impaired. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include the following: estimated discount rates, estimated deferral and default rates on collateral, and estimated cash flows.

Based on the Company’s review, the Company’s investment in PreTSL XXIII did not incur additional impairment during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and there is no accumulated other comprehensive loss related to noncredit factors.

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The table below provides a cumulative roll forward of credit losses recognized in earnings for debt securities held and not intended to be sold:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2018		2017
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	2,403	$	2,403
Credit losses on debt securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was not previously recognized		—		—
Credit losses on debt securities which were sold		—		—
Balance at the end of the period	$	2,403	$	2,403

(6) Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses

The components of loans receivable are as follows:


	September 30,		December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2018		2017
Real estate loans:
First mortgages:
One- to four-family residential	$	1,500,015	$	1,444,625
Multi-family residential		12,080		10,799
Construction, commercial and other		23,893		21,787
Home equity loans and lines of credit		12,014		12,882
Total real estate loans		1,548,002		1,490,093
Other loans:
Loans on deposit accounts		264		274
Consumer and other loans		4,187		4,340
Total other loans		4,451		4,614
Less:
Net unearned fees and discounts		(3,160)		(3,188)
Allowance for loan losses		(2,559)		(2,548)
Total unearned fees, discounts and allowance for loan losses		(5,719)		(5,736)
Loans receivable, net	$	1,546,734	$	1,488,971

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The table below presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment:


			Construction,		Home
			Commercial		Equity
			and Other		Loans and
	Residential		Mortgage		Lines of		Consumer
(Dollars in thousands)	Mortgage		Loans		Credit		and Other		Unallocated		Totals
Three months ended September 30, 2018:
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,760	$	547	$	1	$	45	$	261	$	2,614
Provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		—		(47)		—		3		(6)		(50)
		1,760		500		1		48		255		2,564
Charge-offs		—		—		—		(7)		—		(7)
Recoveries		—		—		—		2		—		2
Net charge-offs		—		—		—		(5)		—		(5)
Balance, end of period	$	1,760	$	500	$	1	$	43	$	255	$	2,559

Nine months ended September 30, 2018:
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,721	$	539	$	1	$	55	$	232	$	2,548
Provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		33		(39)		—		2		23		19
		1,754		500		1		57		255		2,567
Charge-offs		—		—		—		(19)		—		(19)
Recoveries		6		—		—		5		—		11
Net recoveries (charge-offs)		6		—		—		(14)		—		(8)
Balance, end of period	$	1,760	$	500	$	1	$	43	$	255	$	2,559


			Construction,		Home
			Commercial		Equity
			and Other		Loans and
	Residential		Mortgage		Lines of		Consumer
(Dollars in thousands)	Mortgage		Loans		Credit		and Other		Unallocated		Totals
Three months ended September 30, 2017:
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,602	$	556	$	1	$	53	$	245	$	2,457
Provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		30		16		—		18		(10)		54
		1,632		572		1		71		235		2,511
Charge-offs		—		—		—		(12)		—		(12)
Recoveries		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net charge-offs		—		—		—		(12)		—		(12)
Balance, end of period	$	1,632	$	572	$	1	$	59	$	235	$	2,499

Nine months ended September 30, 2017:
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,594	$	519	$	2	$	115	$	222	$	2,452
Provision (reversal of provision) for loan losses		(26)		53		(1)		(37)		13		2
		1,568		572		1		78		235		2,454
Charge-offs		(11)		—		—		(24)		—		(35)
Recoveries		75		—		—		5		—		80
Net recoveries (charge-offs)		64		—		—		(19)		—		45
Balance, end of period	$	1,632	$	572	$	1	$	59	$	235	$	2,499

Management considers the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2018 to be at an appropriate level to provide for probable losses that can be reasonably estimated based on general and specific conditions at that date. While the Company uses the best information it has available to make evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if conditions differ substantially from the information used in making the evaluations. To the extent actual outcomes differ from the estimates, additional provisions for credit losses may be required that would reduce future earnings. In addition, as an integral part of their examination process, the bank regulators periodically review the

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allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to increase the allowance based on their analysis of information available at the time of their examination.

The table below presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method:


			Construction,		Home
			Commercial		Equity
			and Other		Loans and
	Residential		Mortgage		Lines of		Consumer
(Dollars in thousands)	Mortgage		Loans		Credit		and Other		Unallocated		Totals
September 30, 2018:
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,760		500		1		43		255		2,559
Total ending allowance balance	$	1,760	$	500	$	1	$	43	$	255	$	2,559

Loans:
Ending loan balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	3,143	$	—	$	152	$	—	$	—	$	3,295
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,505,870		23,798		11,866		4,464		—		1,545,998
Total ending loan balance	$	1,509,013	$	23,798	$	12,018	$	4,464	$	—	$	1,549,293

December 31, 2017:
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,721		539		1		55		232		2,548
Total ending allowance balance	$	1,721	$	539	$	1	$	55	$	232	$	2,548

Loans:
Ending loan balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	4,977	$	—	$	165	$	—	$	—	$	5,142
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,447,326		21,701		12,722		4,628		—		1,486,377
Total ending loan balance	$	1,452,303	$	21,701	$	12,887	$	4,628	$	—	$	1,491,519

The table below presents the balance of impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans:


			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment		Balance
September 30, 2018:
With no related allowance recorded:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	3,143	$	3,749
Home equity loans and lines of credit		152		225
Total	$	3,295	$	3,974

December 31, 2017:
With no related allowance recorded:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	4,977	$	5,897
Home equity loans and lines of credit		165		228
Total	$	5,142	$	6,125

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The table below presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by class of loans:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	Average		Interest		Average		Interest
	Recorded		Income		Recorded		Income
(Dollars in thousands)	Investment		Recognized		Investment		Recognized
2018:
With no related allowance recorded:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	3,170	$	13	$	3,211	$	39
Home equity loans and lines of credit		154		—		158		—
Total	$	3,324	$	13	$	3,369	$	39

2017:
With no related allowance recorded:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	4,135	$	13	$	4,203	$	43
Home equity loans and lines of credit		172		—		177		—
Total	$	4,307	$	13	$	4,380	$	43

There were no loans individually evaluated for impairment with a related allowance for loan loss as of September 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017. Loans individually evaluated for impairment do not have an allocated allowance for loan loss because they were written down to fair value at the time of impairment.

The Company had 12 nonaccrual loans with a book value of $2.4 million at September 30, 2018 and 17 nonaccrual loans with a book value of $4.2 million as of December 31, 2017. The Company collected interest on nonaccrual loans of $81,000 and $137,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, but due to regulatory requirements, the Company recorded the interest as a reduction of principal. The Company would have recognized additional interest income of $112,000 and $169,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, had the loans been accruing interest. The Company did not have any loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

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The table below presents the aging of loans and accrual status by class of loans:


															Loans
															90 Days
															or More
	30 - 59		60 - 89		90 Days or										Past Due
	Days Past		Days Past		More		Total Past		Loans Not		Total		Nonaccrual		and Still
(Dollars in thousands)	Due		Due		Past Due		Due		Past Due		Loans		Loans		Accruing
September 30, 2018:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	298	$	—	$	838	$	1,136	$	1,495,817	$	1,496,953	$	2,241	$	—
Multi-family residential mortgages		—		—		—		—		12,060		12,060		—		—
Construction, commercial and other mortgages		—		—		—		—		23,798		23,798		—		—
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—		—		41		41		11,977		12,018		152		—
Loans on deposit accounts		—		—		—		—		264		264		—		—
Consumer and other		1		2		—		3		4,197		4,200		—		—

Total	$	299	$	2	$	879	$	1,180	$	1,548,113	$	1,549,293	$	2,393	$	—

December 31, 2017:
One- to four-family residential mortgages	$	—	$	1,207	$	1,589	$	2,796	$	1,438,725	$	1,441,521	$	4,062	$	—
Multi-family residential mortgages		—		—		—		—		10,782		10,782		—		—
Construction, commercial and other mortgages		—		—		—		—		21,701		21,701		—		—
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—		—		41		41		12,846		12,887		165		—
Loans on deposit accounts		—		—		—		—		274		274		—		—
Consumer and other		4		—		—		4		4,350		4,354		—		—

Total	$	4	$	1,207	$	1,630	$	2,841	$	1,488,678	$	1,491,519	$	4,227	$	—

The Company primarily uses the aging of loans and accrual status to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio. When a mortgage loan becomes seriously delinquent (90 days or more contractually past due), it displays weaknesses that may result in a loss. As a loan becomes more delinquent, the likelihood of the borrower repaying the loan decreases and the loan becomes more collateral-dependent. A mortgage loan becomes collateral-dependent when the proceeds for repayment can be expected to come only from the sale or operation of the collateral and not from borrower repayments. Generally, appraisals are obtained after a loan becomes collateral-dependent or is four months delinquent. The carrying value of collateral-dependent loans is adjusted to the fair value of the collateral less selling costs. Any commercial real estate, commercial, construction or equity loan that has a loan balance in excess of a specified amount is also periodically reviewed to determine whether the loan exhibits any weaknesses and is performing in accordance with its contractual terms.

There were no loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 or 2017. There were no new troubled debt restructurings within the 12 months ended September 30, 2018 that subsequently defaulted.

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The table below summarizes troubled debt restructurings by class of loans:


	Number of		Accrual		Number of		Nonaccrual
(Dollars in thousands)	Loans		Status		Loans		Status		Total
September 30, 2018:
One- to four-family residential mortgages		4	$	902		4	$	855	$	1,757
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—		—		1		82		82
Total		4	$	902		5	$	937	$	1,839

December 31, 2017:
One- to four-family residential mortgages		4	$	915		5	$	1,074	$	1,989
Home equity loans and lines of credit		—		—		1		92		92
Total		4	$	915		6	$	1,166	$	2,081

There were no delinquent restructured loans as of September 30, 2018. At December 31, 2017, one of the restructured loans, for $149,000, was more than 149 days delinquent and not accruing interest. Restructurings include deferrals of interest and/or principal payments and temporary or permanent reductions in interest rates due to the financial difficulties of the borrowers. At September 30, 2018, we had no commitments to lend any additional funds to these borrowers.

The Company had no real estate owned as of September 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017. There were three one- to four-family residential mortgage loans totaling $879,000 and two home equity loans totaling $70,000 in the process of foreclosure as of September 30, 2018, and three one- to four-family residential mortgage loans totaling $650,000 and one home equity loan for $41,000 in the process of foreclosure as of December 31, 2017.

Nearly all of our real estate loans are collateralized by real estate located in the State of Hawaii. Loan-to-value ratios on these real estate loans generally do not exceed 80% at the time of origination.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company sold mortgage loans held for sale with principal balance of $8.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, and recognized gains of $61,000 and $154,000, respectively. The Company did not have any loans held for sale at September 30, 2018. The Company had one loan held for sale for $403,000 at December 31, 2017.

The Company serviced loans for others of $31.4 million at September 30, 2018 and $35.5 million at December 31, 2017. Of these amounts, $1.5 million relate to securitizations for which the Company continues to hold the related mortgage-backed securities at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The amount of contractually specified servicing fees earned for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $67,000 and $80,000, respectively. The amount of contractually specified servicing fees earned for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $22,000 and $26,000, respectively. The fees are reported in service fees on loan and deposit accounts in the consolidated statements of income.

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(7) Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are treated as financings and the obligations to repurchase the identical securities sold are reflected as a liability with the securities collateralizing the agreements classified as an asset. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017
			Weighted				Weighted
	Repurchase		Average		Repurchase		Average
(Dollars in thousands)	Liability		Rate		Liability		Rate
Maturing:
1 year or less	$	20,000	1.66	%	$	—	—	%
Over 1 year to 2 years		10,000	1.65			25,000	1.66
Over 2 years to 3 years		—	—			5,000	1.65
Total	$	30,000	1.66	%	$	30,000	1.66	%

Below is a summary comparing the carrying value and fair value of securities pledged to secure repurchase agreements, the repurchase liability, and the amount at risk at September 30, 2018. The amount at risk is the greater of the carrying value or fair value over the repurchase liability and refers to the potential loss to the Company if the secured lender fails to return the security at the maturity date of the agreement. All the agreements to repurchase are with JP Morgan Securities and the securities pledged are mortgage-backed securities issued and guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. The repurchase liability cannot exceed 90% of the fair value of securities pledged. In the event of a decline in the fair value of securities pledged to less than the required amount due to market conditions or principal repayments, the Company is obligated to pledge additional securities or other suitable collateral to cure the deficiency.

Weighted

Carrying

Fair

Average

Value of

Repurchase

Amount

Months to

(Dollars in thousands)

Securities

Liability

at Risk

Maturity

Maturing:

Over 90 days

34,283

32,876

30,000

4,283

(8) Offsetting of Financial Liabilities

The following table presents our securities sold under agreements to repurchase that are subject to a right of offset in the event of default. See Note 7, Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase, for additional information.


					Net Amount of		Gross Amount Not Offset in the
	Gross Amount		Gross Amount		Liabilities		Balance Sheet
	of Recognized		Offset in the		Presented in the		Financial		Cash Collateral
(Dollars in thousands)	Liabilities		Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet		Instruments		Pledged		Net Amount
September 30, 2018:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	30,000	$	—	$	30,000	$	30,000	$	—	$	—

December 31, 2017:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	30,000	$	—	$	30,000	$	30,000	$	—	$	—

(9) Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (Pension Plan) that covers most employees with at least one year of service. Effective December 31, 2008, under approved changes to the Pension Plan, there were no further accruals of benefits for any participants and benefits will not increase with any additional years of service. Net periodic benefit cost, subsequent to December 31, 2008, has not been significant and is not disclosed in the table below. The Company has made $3.4 million of contributions to the Pension Plan through the third quarter of 2018.

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The Company also sponsors a Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan (SERP), a noncontributory supplemental retirement benefit plan, which covers certain current and former employees of the Company for amounts in addition to those provided under the Pension Plan.

The components of net periodic benefit cost were as follows:


	SERP				SERP
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net periodic benefit cost for the period:
Service cost	$	19	$	19	$	59	$	39
Interest cost		38		34		113		104
Expected return on plan assets		—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost		—		—		—		—
Recognized actuarial loss		—		—		—		—
Recognized curtailment loss		—		—		—		—
Net periodic benefit cost	$	57	$	53	$	172	$	143

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in other general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. In prior years, these amounts were included in salaries and employee benefits along with the service cost component. The prior year amounts in the consolidated statements of income have been adjusted for comparability purposes. The Company used the amounts disclosed in prior years to estimate the amount of the required adjustment.

(10) Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Effective January 1, 2009, Territorial Savings Bank adopted an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) for eligible employees. The ESOP borrowed $9.8 million from the Company and used those funds to acquire 978,650 shares, or 8%, of the total number of shares issued by the Company in its initial public offering. The shares were acquired at a price of $10.00 per share.

The loan is secured by the shares purchased with the loan proceeds and will be repaid by the ESOP over the 20-year term of the loan with funds from Territorial Savings Bank’s contributions to the ESOP and dividends payable on the shares. The interest rate on the ESOP loan is an adjustable rate equal to the prime rate, as published in The Wall Street Journal. The interest rate adjusts annually and will be the prime rate on the first business day of the calendar year.

Shares purchased by the ESOP are held by a trustee in an unallocated suspense account, and shares are released annually from the suspense account on a pro-rata basis as principal and interest payments are made by the ESOP to the Company. The trustee allocates the shares released among participants on the basis of each participant’s proportional share of compensation relative to all participants. As shares are committed to be released from the suspense account, Territorial Savings Bank reports compensation expense based on the average fair value of shares released with a corresponding credit to stockholders’ equity. The shares committed to be released are considered outstanding for earnings per share computations. Compensation expense recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $370,000 and $298,000, respectively. Compensation expense recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $1.2 million and $923,000, respectively.

Shares held by the ESOP trust were as follows:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Allocated shares		433,928		397,912
Unearned shares		501,562		538,261
Total ESOP shares		935,490		936,173
Fair value of unearned shares, in thousands	$	14,821	$	16,616

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The ESOP restoration plan is a nonqualified plan that provides supplemental benefits to certain executives who are prevented from receiving the full benefits contemplated by the ESOP’s benefit formula. The supplemental cash payments consist of payments representing shares that cannot be allocated to the participants under the ESOP due to IRS limitations imposed on tax-qualified plans. We accrue for these benefits over the period during which employees provide services to earn these benefits. For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, we accrued $56,000 and $97,000, respectively, for the ESOP restoration plan. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, we accrued $167,000 and $161,000, respectively, for the ESOP restoration plan.

(11) Share-Based Compensation

On August 19, 2010, Territorial Bancorp Inc. adopted the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, which provides for awards of stock options and restricted stock to key officers and outside directors. In accordance with the Compensation – Stock Compensation topic of the FASB ASC, the cost of the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan is based on the fair value of the awards on the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock is based on the closing price of the Company’s stock on the grant date. The fair value of stock options is estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model using assumptions for dividend yield, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate and option term. These assumptions are based on our judgments regarding future events, are subjective in nature, and cannot be determined with precision. The cost of the awards will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three, five- or six-year vesting period during which participants are required to provide services in exchange for the awards.

The Company recognized compensation expense, measured as the fair value of the share-based award on the date of grant, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Share-based compensation is recorded in the statement of income as a component of salaries and employee benefits with a corresponding increase in shareholders’ equity. The table below presents information on compensation expense and the related tax benefit for all share-based awards:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Compensation expense	$	120	$	58	$	256	$	95
Income tax benefit		33		23		70		38

Shares of our common stock issued under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan shall come from authorized shares. The maximum number of shares that will be awarded under the plan will be 1,862,637 shares.

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Stock Options

The table below presents the stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:


		Weighted			Aggregate
		Average		Remaining	Intrinsic
		Exercise		Contractual	Value
	Options	Price		Life (years)	(in thousands)
Options outstanding at December 31, 2017	411,543	$	17.48	2.73	$	5,509
Granted	—		—	—		—
Exercised	69,008		17.36	—		920
Forfeited	—		—	—		—
Expired	—		—	—		—
Options outstanding at September 30, 2018	342,535	$	17.51	1.99	$	4,124

Options outstanding at December 31, 2016	706,430	$	17.43	3.70	$	10,884
Granted	—		—	—		—
Exercised	166,837		17.36	—		2,414
Forfeited	—		—	—		—
Expired	—		—	—		—
Options outstanding at September 30, 2017	539,593	$	17.45	2.96	$	7,616

Options vested and exercisable at September 30, 2018	342,535	$	17.51	1.99	$	4,124

The following summarizes certain stock option activity of the Company:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(In thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$	—	$	744	$	920	$	2,414
Proceeds received from stock options exercised		—		971		1,198		2,897
Tax benefits realized from stock options exercised		—		245		220		838
Total fair value of stock options that vested		35		38		35		38

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we issued 29,979 shares of common stock, net, in exchange for 69,008 stock options and 39,029 shares of common stock. Pursuant to the provisions of our equity incentive plan, optionees are permitted to use the value of our common stock they own in a stock swap transaction or net settlement to pay the exercise price of stock options.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had no unrecognized compensation costs related to the stock option plan.

Restricted Stock

Restricted stock awards are accounted for as fixed grants using the fair value of the Company’s stock at the time of grant. Unvested restricted stock may not be disposed of or transferred during the vesting period. Restricted stock carries the right to receive dividends, although dividends attributable to restricted stock are retained by the Company until the shares vest, at which time they are paid to the award recipient.

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The table below presents the restricted stock activity:


		Weighted
		Average Grant
	Restricted	Date Fair
	Stock	Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2017	10,806	$	29.16
Granted	10,019		30.73
Vested	4,401		28.63
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2018	16,424	$	30.26

Nonvested at December 31, 2016	2,400	$	26.23
Granted	9,604		29.53
Vested	1,200		26.23
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2017	10,804	$	29.16

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 10,019 shares of restricted stock to certain members of executive management under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. The fair value of the restricted stock is based on the value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. Restricted stock will vest over three years from the date of grant.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $406,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 12,018 performance-based restricted stock units (PRSUs) to certain members of executive management under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These PRSUs will vest in the first quarter of 2021 after our Compensation Committee determines whether a performance condition that compares the Company’s return on average equity to the SNL Bank Index is achieved. Depending on the Company’s performance, the actual number of these PRSUs that are issued at the end of the vesting period can vary between 0% to 150% of the target award. For the PRSUs, an estimate is made of the number of shares expected to vest based on the probability that the performance criteria will be achieved to determine the amount of compensation expense to be recognized. This estimate is re-evaluated quarterly and total compensation expense is adjusted for any change in the current period.

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The table below presents the PRSUs that will vest on a performance condition:


	Performance-
	Based Restricted
	Stock Units	Weighted
	Based on a	Average Grant
	Performance	Date Fair
	Condition	Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2017	11,520	$	29.53
Granted	12,018		30.73
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2018	23,538	$	30.14

Nonvested at December 31, 2016	—	$	—
Granted	11,525		29.53
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2017	11,525	$	29.53

The fair value of these PRSUs is based on the fair value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $275,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to these PRSUs. Performance will be measured over a three-year performance period and will be cliff vested.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 3,005 of PRSUs to certain members of executive management under the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. These PRSUs will vest in the first quarter of 2021 after our Compensation Committee determines whether a market condition that compares the Company’s total stock return to the SNL Bank Index is achieved. The number of shares that will be expensed will not be adjusted for performance. The fair value of these PRSUs is based on a Monte Carlo valuation of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The assumptions which were used in the Monte Carlo valuation of the PRSUs are:

Grant date: March 8, 2018

Performance period: January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020

2.82 year risk-free rate on grant date: 2.39%

December 31, 2017 closing price: $30.87

Closing stock price on the date of grant: $30.73

Annualized volatility (based on 2.82 year historical volatility as of the grant date): 16.6%

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The table below presents the PRSUs that will vest on a market condition:


	Performance-
	Based Restricted	Monte Carlo
	Stock Units	Valuation of
	Based on a	the Company's
	Market Condition	Stock
Nonvested at December 31, 2017	2,879	$	24.44
Granted	3,005		28.32
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2018	5,884	$	26.42

Nonvested at December 31, 2016	—	$	—
Granted	2,879		24.44
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested at September 30, 2017	2,879	$	24.44

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $72,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to the PRSUs that are based on a market condition. Performance will be measured over a three-year performance period and will be cliff vested.

(12) Earnings Per Share

Holders of unvested restricted stock receive nonforfeitable dividends at the same rate as common shareholders and they both share equally in undistributed earnings. Unvested restricted stock awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered to be participating securities in the earnings per share computation using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, earnings are allocated to common shareholders and participating securities according to their respective rights to earnings.

The table below presents the information used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net income	$	4,786	$	4,173	$	14,569	$	12,795
Income allocated to participating securities		(24)		(10)		(66)		(15)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	4,762	$	4,163	$	14,503	$	12,780

Weighted-average number of shares used in:
Basic earnings per share		9,212,913		9,280,018		9,238,827		9,250,537
Dilutive common stock equivalents:
Stock options and restricted stock units		164,490		241,183		186,165		285,338
Diluted earnings per share		9,377,403		9,521,201		9,424,992		9,535,875

Net income per common share, basic	$	0.52	$	0.45	$	1.57	$	1.38
Net income per common share, diluted	$	0.51	$	0.44	$	1.54	$	1.34

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(13) Other Comprehensive Income and Loss

The table below presents the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income and loss, net of taxes:


	Unfunded		Unrealized
	Pension		Loss on
(Dollars in thousands)	Liability		Securities		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2018
Balances at beginning of period	$	6,783	$	106	$	6,889
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—		19		19
Net current period other comprehensive loss		—		19		19
Balances at end of period	$	6,783	$	125	$	6,908

Three months ended September 30, 2017
Balances at beginning of period	$	5,284	$	45	$	5,329
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes		—		(12)		(12)
Net current period other comprehensive income		—		(12)		(12)
Balances at end of period	$	5,284	$	33	$	5,317

Nine months ended September 30, 2018
Balances at beginning of period	$	5,657	$	37	$	5,694
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—		79		79
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		1,126		9		1,135
Net current period other comprehensive loss		1,126		88		1,214
Balances at end of period	$	6,783	$	125	$	6,908

Nine months ended September 30, 2017
Balances at beginning of period	$	5,284	$	32	$	5,316
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—		1		1
Net current period other comprehensive loss		—		1		1
Balances at end of period	$	5,284	$	33	$	5,317

The reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was related to the FASB ASC amendment to the Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income topic issued in February 2018. This amendment allowed the reclassification of deferred taxes in accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. See Note 3, Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, for additional information.

The table below presents the tax effect on each component of accumulated other comprehensive income and loss:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018						2017
	Pretax				After Tax		Pretax				After Tax
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Tax		Amount		Amount		Tax		Amount
Unrealized loss on securities	$	26	$	(7)	$	19	$	(21)	$	9	$	(12)
Total	$	26	$	(7)	$	19	$	(21)	$	9	$	(12)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018						2017
	Pretax				After Tax		Pretax				After Tax
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Tax		Amount		Amount		Tax		Amount
Unrealized loss on securities	$	108	$	(29)	$	79	$	1	$	—	$	1
Total	$	108	$	(29)	$	79	$	1	$	—	$	1

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(14) Revenue Recognition

The Company’s contracts with customers are generally short-term in nature, with cycles of one year or less. These can range from an immediate term for services such as wire transfers, foreign currency exchanges and cashier’s check purchases, to several days for services such as processing annuity and mutual fund sales. Some contracts may be of an ongoing nature, such as providing deposit account services, including ATM access, check processing, account analysis and check ordering. However, provision of an assessable service and payment for such service is usually concurrent or closely timed. Contracts related to financial instruments, such as loans, investments and debt, are excluded from the scope of this reporting requirement.

After analyzing the Company’s revenue sources, including the amount of revenue received, the timing of services rendered and the timing of payment for these services, the Company has determined that the rendering of services and the payment for such services are generally closely matched. Any differences are not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, the Company generally records income when payment for services is received.

Revenue from contracts with customers is reported in service fees on loan and deposit accounts and in other noninterest income in the consolidated statement of income. The table below reconciles the revenue from contracts with customers and other revenue reported in those line items:


	Service Fees on
	Loan and Deposit
(Dollars in thousands)	Accounts		Other		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2018
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	334	$	22	$	356
Other revenue		136		30		166
Total	$	470	$	52	$	522

Three months ended September 30, 2017
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	293	$	47	$	340
Other revenue		134		29		163
Total	$	427	$	76	$	503

Nine months ended September 30, 2018
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	1,045	$	115	$	1,160
Other revenue		327		85		412
Total	$	1,372	$	200	$	1,572

Nine months ended September 30, 2017
Revenue from contracts with customers	$	1,017	$	150	$	1,167
Other revenue		473		84		557
Total	$	1,490	$	234	$	1,724

(15) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the FASB ASC, the Company groups its financial assets and liabilities valued at fair value into three levels based on the markets in which the financial assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value as follows:

· Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities traded in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.

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· Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

· Level 3 — Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect management’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of discounted cash flow models and similar techniques that require the use of significant judgment or estimation.

In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic, the Company bases its fair values on the price that it would expect to receive if an asset were sold or the price that it would expect to pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Also as required, the Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements.

The Company uses fair value measurements to determine fair value disclosures. Investment securities held for sale and derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. From time to time, the Company may be required to record other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, impaired loans and investments, and mortgage servicing assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of the lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Investment Securities Available for Sale. The estimated fair values of U.S. government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities are considered Level 2 inputs because the valuation for investment securities utilized pricing models that varied based on asset class and included trade, bid and other observable market information.

Interest Rate Contracts. The Company may enter into interest rate lock commitments with borrowers on loans intended to be sold. To manage interest rate risk on the lock commitments, the Company may also enter into forward loan sale commitments. The interest rate lock commitments and forward loan sale commitments are treated as derivatives and are recorded at their fair value determined by referring to prices quoted in the secondary market for similar contracts. Interest rate contracts that are classified as assets are included with prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet while interest rate contracts that are classified as liabilities are included with accounts payable and accrued expenses.

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The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:


	Carrying				Fair Value Measurements Using
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	24,101	$	24,101	$	24,101	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		2,565		2,565		—		2,565		—
Investment securities held to maturity		381,159		368,237		—		367,495		742
Loans receivable, net		1,546,734		1,501,102		—		—		1,501,102
FHLB stock		6,045		6,045		—		6,045		—
FRB stock		3,106		3,106		—		3,106		—
Accrued interest receivable		5,410		5,410		2		1,032		4,376
Interest rate contracts		2		2		—		2		—

Liabilities
Deposits		1,643,393		1,639,191		—		1,254,062		385,129
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		91,000		90,348		—		90,348		—
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		30,000		29,785		—		29,785		—
Accrued interest payable		241		241		—		112		129
Interest rate contracts		2		2		—		2		—

December 31, 2017
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	32,089	$	32,089	$	32,089	$	—	$	—
Investment securities available for sale		2,851		2,851		—		2,851		—
Investment securities held to maturity		404,792		406,663		—		405,818		845
Loans held for sale		403		414		—		414		—
Loans receivable, net		1,488,971		1,505,097		—		—		1,505,097
FHLB stock		6,541		6,541		—		6,541		—
FRB stock		3,103		3,103		—		3,103		—
Accrued interest receivable		5,142		5,142		7		1,045		4,090
Interest rate contracts		8		8		—		8		—

Liabilities
Deposits		1,597,295		1,595,992		—		1,285,070		310,922
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank		107,200		107,019		—		107,019		—
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		30,000		29,846		—		29,846		—
Accrued interest payable		575		575		—		115		460
Interest rate contracts		8		8		—		8		—

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, neither the commitment fees received on commitments to extend credit nor the fair value thereof was material to the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

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The table below presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


(Dollars in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total

September 30, 2018
Interest rate contracts — assets	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2
Interest rate contracts — liabilities		—		(2)		—		(2)
Available-for-sale investments		—		2,565		—		2,565

December 31, 2017
Interest rate contracts — assets	$	—	$	8	$	—	$	8
Interest rate contracts — liabilities		—		(8)		—		(8)
Available-for-sale investments		—		2,851		—		2,851

The table below presents the balance of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and the related losses for the year ended December 31, 2017. There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2018.


	Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)	Adjustment Date	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total			Total Losses

December 31, 2017
Impaired loans	3/31/2017	$	—	$	87	$	—	$	87	$	(11)

The fair value of impaired loans is determined using the value of collateral less estimated selling costs. Gains and losses on impaired loans are included in the provision for loan losses in the consolidated statements of income.

(16) Subsequent Events

On October 25, 2018, the Board of Directors of Territorial Bancorp Inc. declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per share of common stock. The dividend is expected to be paid on November 21, 2018 to stockholders of record as of November 8, 2018.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements, which can be identified by the use of words such as “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “seek,” “expect,” “will,” “may,” “continue” and words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

statements of our goals, intentions and expectations;

statements regarding our business plans, prospects, growth and operating strategies;

statements regarding the asset quality of our loan and investment portfolios; and

estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits.

These forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs and expectations and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. You should not place undue reliance on such statements. We are under no duty to and do not take any obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report.

The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements:

general economic conditions, either internationally, nationally or in our market areas, that are worse than expected;

competition among depository and other financial institutions;

inflation and changes in the interest rate environment that reduce our margins or reduce the fair value of financial instruments;

adverse changes in the securities markets;

changes in laws or government regulations or policies affecting financial institutions, including changes in regulatory fees and capital requirements;

changes in monetary or fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board;

our ability to enter new markets successfully and capitalize on growth opportunities;

our ability to successfully integrate acquired entities, if any;

changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;

changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the bank regulatory agencies, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

changes in our organization, compensation and benefit plans;

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the timing and amount of revenues that we may recognize;

the value and marketability of collateral underlying our loan portfolios;

our ability to retain key employees;

cyberattacks, computer viruses and other technological risks that may breach the security of our websites or other systems to obtain unauthorized access to confidential information, destroy data or disable our systems;

technological change that may be more difficult or expensive than expected;

the ability of third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;

the ability of the U.S. Government to manage federal debt limits;

the quality and composition of our investment portfolio;

changes in our financial condition or results of operations that reduce capital available to pay dividends; and

changes in the financial condition or future prospects of issuers of securities that we own.

Because of these and a wide variety of other uncertainties, our actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements.

Overview

We have historically operated as a traditional thrift institution. The significant majority of our assets consist of long-term, fixed-rate residential mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities, which we have funded primarily with deposit accounts, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. As a result, we may be vulnerable to increases in interest rates, as our interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly than our interest-earning assets.

We have continued our focus on originating one- to four-family residential real estate loans. Our emphasis on conservative loan underwriting has resulted in continued low levels of nonperforming assets. Our nonperforming assets, which can include nonaccrual loans and real estate owned, totaled $2.4 million, or 0.12% of total assets, at September 30, 2018, compared to $4.2 million, or 0.21% of total assets, at December 31, 2017. Our nonperforming loans and loss experience has enabled us to maintain a relatively low allowance for loan losses in relation to other peer institutions and correspondingly resulted in low levels of provisions for loan losses. We recorded loss provisions of $19,000 and $2,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Other than our loans for the construction of one- to four-family residential homes, we do not offer “interest only” mortgage loans (where the borrower pays only interest for an initial period, after which the loan converts to a fully amortizing loan) on one- to four-family residential properties. We also do not offer loans that provide for negative amortization of principal, such as “Option ARM” loans, where the borrower can pay less than the interest owed on their loan, resulting in an increased principal balance during the life of the loan. We do not offer “subprime loans” (loans that generally target borrowers with weakened credit histories typically characterized by payment delinquencies, previous charge-offs, judgments, bankruptcies, or borrowers with questionable repayment capacity as evidenced by low credit scores or high debt-burden ratios) or Alt-A loans (traditionally defined as nonconforming loans having less than full documentation). We also do not own any private label mortgage-backed securities that are collateralized by Alt-A, low or no documentation or subprime mortgage loans.

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We sold $8.4 million and $20.3 million of fixed-rate mortgage loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Federal Home Loan Bank advances decreased by $16.2 million to $91.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and remained constant at $69.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase remained constant at $30.0 million and $55.0 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

Our investments in mortgage-backed securities have been issued by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, which are U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, or Ginnie Mae, which is a U.S. government agency. These agencies guarantee the payment of principal and interest on our mortgage-backed securities. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we owned $383.8 million and $407.2 million, respectively, of mortgage-backed securities issued by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae.

Critical Accounting Policies

There are no material changes to the critical accounting policies disclosed in Territorial Bancorp Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017

Assets. Our total assets increased by $22.2 million, or 1.1%, to $2.0 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in assets was primarily the result of a $57.4 million increase in total loans receivable which was partially offset by a $23.9 million decrease in total investment securities and an $8.0 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $24.1 million at September 30, 2018, a decrease of $8.0 million since December 31, 2017. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents was primarily caused by a $57.4 million increase in total loans receivable, a $16.2 million decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank advances, $8.2 million in common stock repurchases and $6.7 million in dividends paid. These decreases were partially offset by a $46.1 million increase in deposits and a $23.9 million decrease in the investment portfolio.

Loans. Total loans were $1.5 billion at September 30, 2018, or 76.3% of total assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the loan portfolio increased by $57.4 million, or 3.9%. The increase in the loan portfolio primarily occurred as the production of new one- to four-family residential loans exceeded principal repayments and loan sales.

Securities. At September 30, 2018, our securities portfolio totaled $383.7 million, or 18.9% of total assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the securities portfolio decreased by $23.9 million, or 5.9%. The decrease in the securities portfolio was due to principal repayments and sales exceeding new security purchases. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, $15.0 million of securities were purchased for the held-to-maturity portfolio.

At September 30, 2018, none of the underlying collateral consisted of subprime or Alt-A (traditionally defined as nonconforming loans having less than full documentation) loans.

At September 30, 2018, we owned a trust preferred security with an amortized cost of $75,000. This security represents an investment in a pool of debt obligations primarily issued by holding companies of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured financial institutions.

The trust preferred securities market is considered to be inactive as only seven transactions have occurred over the past 81 months in the same tranche of securities we own and no new issuances of pooled trust preferred securities have occurred since 2007. We use a discounted cash flow model to determine whether this security is other-than-temporarily impaired. The assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include the following: estimated discount rates, estimated deferral and default rates on collateral, and estimated cash flows.

Based on our review, our investment in the trust preferred security did not incur additional impairment during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

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Deposits. Deposits were $1.6 billion at September 30, 2018, an increase of $46.1 million, or 2.9%, since December 31, 2017. The growth in deposits was primarily due to an increase of $77.1 million in certificates of deposit, which was partially offset by a $27.9 million decrease in savings accounts and a $5.0 million decrease in checking accounts during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in certificates of deposit was primarily due to a $52.0 million increase in deposits made by state and local governments with terms of two years or more. These certificates of deposit were used to extend the maturity of deposits and reduce interest rate risk.

Borrowings. Our borrowings consist of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank and funds borrowed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase. During the nine months ending September 30, 2018 total borrowings decreased to $121.0 million at September 30, 2018 from $137.2 million at December 31, 2017. Federal Home Loan Bank advances decreased by $16.2 million to $91.0 million and securities sold under agreements to repurchase remained constant at $30.0 million. We have not required any additional borrowings to fund our operations. Instead, we have primarily funded our operations with additional deposits, proceeds from loan sales and principal repayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities.

Stockholders’ Equity. Total stockholders’ equity increased to $235.8 million at September 30, 2018 from $234.9 million at December 31, 2017. The increase in stockholders’ equity occurred primarily due to net income of $14.6 million, $1.2 million of shares issued for the exercise of stock options and $1.1 million of shares allocated to the employee stock ownership plan. This was partially offset by the repurchase of $9.4 million of common stock and the declaration of dividends of $6.7 million.

Average Balances and Yields

The following tables set forth average balance sheets, average yields and rates, and certain other information for the periods indicated. No tax-equivalent yield adjustments were made, as the effect thereof was not material. All average balances are daily average balances. Nonaccrual loans were included in the computation of average balances and are included with accrual loans in the tables. However, no interest income was attributed to nonaccrual loans. The yields set forth below include the effect of net deferred costs, discounts and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income.

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	For the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018							2017
	Average							Average
	Outstanding					Yield/Rate		Outstanding					Yield/Rate
	Balance			Interest		(1)		Balance			Interest		(1)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans:
Real estate loans:
First mortgage:
One- to four-family residential (2)	$	1,490,961		$	14,413	3.87	%	$	1,371,678		$	13,248	3.86	%
Multi-family residential		10,877			124	4.56			9,363			111	4.74
Construction, commercial and other		24,198			279	4.61			22,046			250	4.54
Home equity loans and lines of credit		11,959			161	5.39			13,607			162	4.76
Other loans		4,514			61	5.41			4,984			66	5.30
Total loans		1,542,509			15,038	3.90			1,421,678			13,837	3.89
Investment securities:
U.S. government sponsored mortgage-backed securities (2)		389,190			3,032	3.12			407,547			3,169	3.11
Trust preferred securities		125			—	—			745			—	—
Total securities		389,315			3,032	3.12			408,292			3,169	3.10
Other		34,271			208	2.43			47,138			171	1.45
Total interest-earning assets		1,966,095			18,278	3.72			1,877,108			17,177	3.66
Non-interest-earning assets		68,171							70,268
Total assets	$	2,034,266						$	1,947,376

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts	$	1,014,168			1,223	0.48	%	$	1,036,734			1,146	0.44	%
Certificates of deposit		378,723			1,659	1.75			278,375			871	1.25
Money market accounts		5,699			6	0.42			5,719			6	0.42
Checking and Super NOW accounts		182,751			11	0.02			179,670			10	0.02
Total interest-bearing deposits		1,581,341			2,899	0.73			1,500,498			2,033	0.54
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		99,861			493	1.97			70,262			264	1.50
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		30,000			125	1.67			55,000			221	1.61
Total interest-bearing liabilities		1,711,202			3,517	0.82			1,625,760			2,518	0.62
Non-interest-bearing liabilities		86,472							84,177
Total liabilities		1,797,674							1,709,937
Stockholders’ equity		236,592							237,439
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,034,266						$	1,947,376

Net interest income				$	14,761						$	14,659
Net interest rate spread (3)						2.90	%						3.04	%
Net interest-earning assets (4)	$	254,893						$	251,348
Net interest margin (5)						3.00	%						3.12	%
Interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities		114.90	%						115.46	%

(1)

Annualized.

(2)

Average balance includes loans or investments available for sale, as applicable.

(3)

Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.

(4)

Net interest-earning assets represent total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.

(5)

Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

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	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018							2017
	Average							Average
	Outstanding					Yield/Rate		Outstanding					Yield/Rate
	Balance			Interest		(1)		Balance			Interest		(1)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans:
Real estate loans:
First mortgage:
One- to four-family residential (2)	$	1,469,434		$	42,986	3.90	%	$	1,336,843		$	39,079	3.90	%
Multi-family residential		10,759			367	4.55			9,432			333	4.71
Construction, commercial and other		23,256			824	4.72			22,666			772	4.54
Home equity loans and lines of credit		12,472			472	5.05			14,219			499	4.68
Other loans		4,483			180	5.35			4,968			194	5.21
Total loans		1,520,404			44,829	3.93			1,388,128			40,877	3.93
Investment securities:
U.S. government sponsored mortgage-backed securities (2)		400,583			9,283	3.09			400,323			9,328	3.11
Trust preferred securities		259			—	—			967			—	—
Total securities		400,842			9,283	3.09			401,290			9,328	3.10
Other		37,267			582	2.08			58,094			530	1.22
Total interest-earning assets		1,958,513			54,694	3.72			1,847,512			50,735	3.66
Non-interest-earning assets		68,818							69,385
Total assets	$	2,027,331						$	1,916,897

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts	$	1,026,740			3,584	0.47	%	$	1,031,650			3,261	0.42	%
Certificates of deposit		359,384			4,407	1.64			257,074			2,153	1.12
Money market accounts		5,699			19	0.44			4,936			16	0.43
Checking and Super NOW accounts		182,958			30	0.02			180,134			29	0.02
Total interest-bearing deposits		1,574,781			8,040	0.68			1,473,794			5,459	0.49
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		100,262			1,371	1.82			69,900			779	1.49
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		30,000			376	1.67			55,000			654	1.59
Total interest-bearing liabilities		1,705,043			9,787	0.77			1,598,694			6,892	0.57
Non-interest-bearing liabilities		86,617							82,926
Total liabilities		1,791,660							1,681,620
Stockholders’ equity		235,671							235,277
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,027,331						$	1,916,897

Net interest income				$	44,907						$	43,843
Net interest rate spread (3)						2.95	%						3.09	%
Net interest-earning assets (4)	$	253,470						$	248,818
Net interest margin (5)						3.06	%						3.16	%
Interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities		114.87	%						115.56	%

(1)

Annualized.

(2)

Average balance includes loans or investments available for sale, as applicable.

(3)

Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.

(4)

Net interest-earning assets represent total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.

(5)

Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

General. Net income increased by $613,000, or 14.7%, to $4.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in net income was due to a $1.3 million decrease in income taxes, a $104,000 decrease in loan loss provisions and a $102,000 increase in net interest income. These were partially offset by a $742,000 increase in noninterest expense, and a $163,000 decrease in noninterest income.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased by $102,000, or 0.7%, to $14.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income increased by $1.1 million, or 6.4%, due to an $89.0 million increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets and a six basis point increase in the yield on average interest-earning assets. Interest expense increased by $1.0 million, or 39.7%, due to an $85.4 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities and a 20 basis point increase in the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities. The interest rate spread and net interest margin were 2.90% and 3.00%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to 3.04% and 3.12%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The decreases in the interest rate spread and in the net interest margin are attributed to a 20 basis point increase in the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities, which was partially offset by a six basis point increase in the yield on average interest-earning assets.

Interest Income. Interest income increased by $1.1 million, or 6.4%, to $18.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income on loans increased by $1.2 million, or 8.7%, to $15.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 from $13.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in interest income on loans occurred primarily because the average balance of loans grew by $120.8 million, or 8.5%, as new loan originations exceeded loan repayments and loan sales.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $1.0 million, or 39.7%, to $3.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 from $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017. Interest expense on deposits increased by $866,000, or 42.6%, from $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 to $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in interest expense on deposits was due to an increase in the average outstanding balance and the average rate paid on deposits. The average outstanding balance of deposits increased by $80.8 million, or 5.4%, to $1.6 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $1.5 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The growth in deposits was primarily due to a $100.3 million increase in the average balance of certificates of deposit. The average rate paid on certificates of deposit increased by 50 basis points from 1.25% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 to 1.75% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in the average rate paid on certificates of deposit was primarily due to higher interest rates paid on newly opened long-term certificates of deposit from state and local governments with terms greater than two years. These certificates of deposit were used to extend the maturity of deposits and to reduce interest rate risk. Interest expense on Federal Home Loan Bank advances rose to $493,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $264,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in interest expense on advances occurred because of a $29.6 million increase in the average balance and a 47 basis point increase in the cost of advances. The increase in the average balance and the cost of advances occurred as we obtained long-term advances to extend the maturity of our borrowings and reduce interest rate risk. Interest expense on securities sold under agreements to repurchase declined to $125,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $221,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in interest expense on securities sold under agreements to repurchase occurred primarily because of a $25.0 million decrease in the average balance which occurred as matured borrowings were paid off.

Provision for Loan Losses. We reversed provisions for loan losses of $50,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and recorded provisions for loan losses of $54,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The reversal of the provision resulted from the improving credit quality of our loan portfolio and a reduction in loan losses. The provisions recorded resulted in ratios of the allowance for loan losses to total loans of 0.17% at September 30, 2018 and 2017. Nonaccrual loans totaled $2.4 million at September 30, 2018, or 0.15% of total loans at that date, compared to $3.3 million of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2017, or 0.23% of total loans at that date. Nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2018 and 2017 consisted primarily of one- to four-family residential real estate loans. To the best of our knowledge, we have provided for all losses that are both probable and reasonable to estimate at September

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30, 2018 and 2017. For additional information see Note (6), “Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Noninterest Income. The following table summarizes changes in noninterest income between the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,				Change
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change
				(Dollars in thousands)
Service fees on loan and deposit accounts	$	470	$	427	$	43	10.1	%
Income on bank-owned life insurance		216		228		(12)	(5.3)	%
Gain on sale of investment securities		—		150		(150)	(100.0)	%
Gain on sale of loans		8		28		(20)	(71.4)	%
Other		52		76		(24)	(31.6)	%
Total	$	746	$	909	$	(163)	(17.9)	%

Noninterest income decreased by $163,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017. During the three months ended September 30, 2018 we did not sell any held-to maturity mortgage-backed securities. During the three months ended September 30, 2017 we received proceeds of $2.4 million from the sale of $2.2 million of held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities, resulting in gross realized gains of $150,000. The sale of these mortgage-backed securities, for which we had already collected a substantial portion of the original purchased principal (at least 85%), was in accordance with the “Investments — Debt and Equity Securities” topic of the FASB ASC and does not taint management’s assertion of intent to hold remaining securities in the held-to-maturity portfolio to maturity. The increase in service fees on loan and deposit accounts was primarily due to an increase in ATM and appraisal fees.

Noninterest Expense. The following table summarizes changes in noninterest expense between the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,					Change
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change
				(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	5,655	$	5,169	$	486	9.4	%
Occupancy		1,599		1,529		70	4.6	%
Equipment		1,061		882		179	20.3	%
Federal deposit insurance premiums		150		152		(2)	(1.3)	%
Other general and administrative expenses		1,038		1,029		9	0.9	%
Total	$	9,503	$	8,761	$	742	8.5	%

Noninterest expense increased by $742,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017. During the three months ended September 30, 2018 there was a $486,000 increase in salaries and employee benefits that occurred mainly because of a decrease in the capitalized cost of new loan originations, an increase in the minimum average hourly wage rate we pay to our employees to $15.00 an hour and an annual salary increase. As new loans are originated, compensation expense is reduced due to the capitalization of the cost of the new loans. Fewer loans were originated in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017. The decrease in the number of new loans originated resulted in a reduction of loan cost capitalization and a higher compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Starting on January 1, 2018, Territorial Savings Bank also raised the minimum hourly wage rate it pays to $15.00 an hour to share the benefits it is receiving from the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% in 2017 to 21.0% effective for 2018. The increase in equipment expense was primarily due to an increase in repairs and maintenance and information technology expenses.

Income Tax Expense. Income taxes were $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, reflecting an effective tax rate of 20.9%, compared to $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, reflecting an

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effective tax rate of 38.2%. The reduction in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was primarily due to the decrease in the federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% in 2017 to 21.0%, effective January 1, 2018. In addition, income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018 included a tax benefit of $336,000 from a $2.4 million contribution to our defined benefit pension plan. The tax benefit from the pension contribution occurred as the tax deduction for the pension contribution is calculated at the 35.0% federal tax rate for 2017 rather than the 21.0% corporate tax rate for 2018. Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 included tax benefits of $150,000 from the exercise of stock options.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

General. Net income increased by $1.8 million, or 13.9%, from $12.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to $14.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in net income was due to a $3.4 million decrease in income taxes and a $1.1 million increase in net interest income. These were partially offset by a $2.0 million increase in noninterest expense, a $665,000 decrease in noninterest income and a $17,000 increase in loan loss provisions.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased by $1.1 million, or 2.4%, to $44.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income increased by $4.0 million, or 7.8%, due to a $111.0 million increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets and a six basis point increase in the average yield of interest-earning assets. Interest expense increased by $2.9 million, or 42.0%, due to a $106.3 million increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities and a 20 basis point increase in the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities. The interest rate spread and net interest margin were 2.95% and 3.06% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to 3.09% and 3.16% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decreases in the interest rate spread and in the net interest margin are attributed to a 20 basis point increase in the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities that was partially offset by a six basis point increase in the yield of average interest-earning assets.

Interest Income. Interest income increased by $4.0 million, or 7.8%, to $54.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income on loans increased by $4.0 million, or 9.7%, to $44.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from $40.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in interest income on loans occurred primarily because the average balance of loans grew by $132.3 million, or 9.5%, as new loan originations exceeded loan repayments and loan sales.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $2.9 million, or 42.0%, to $9.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Interest expense on deposits increased by $2.6 million, or 47.3%, from $5.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in interest expense on deposits was due to an increase in the average outstanding balance and the average rate paid on deposits. The average outstanding balance of deposits increased by $101.0 million, or 6.9%, to $1.6 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $1.5 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The growth in deposits was primarily due to a $102.3 million increase in the average balance of certificates of deposit. The average rate paid on certificates of deposit increased by 52 basis points from 1.12% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to 1.64% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in the average rate paid on certificates of deposit was primarily due to higher interest rates paid on newly opened long-term certificates of deposit from state and local governments with terms greater than two years. These certificates of deposit were used to extend the maturity of deposits and to reduce interest rate risk. Interest expense on Federal Home Loan Bank advances rose to $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $779,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in interest expense on advances occurred because of a $30.4 million increase in the average balance and a 33 basis point increase in the cost of advances. The increase in the average balance and the cost of advances occurred as we obtained long-term advances to extend the maturity of our borrowings and reduce interest rate risk. Interest expense on securities sold under agreements to repurchase declined to $376,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $654,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in interest expense on securities sold under agreements to repurchase occurred primarily because of a $25.0 million decrease in the average balance, which occurred as matured borrowings were paid off.

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Provision for Loan Losses. We recorded provisions for loan losses of $19,000 and $2,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The provisions recorded resulted in ratios of the allowance for loan losses to total loans of 0.17% at September 30, 2018 and 2017. Nonaccrual loans totaled $2.4 million at September 30, 2018, or 0.15% of total loans at that date, compared to $3.3 million of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2017, or 0.23% of total loans at that date. Nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2018 and 2017 consisted primarily of one- to four-family residential real estate loans. To the best of our knowledge, we have provided for all losses that are both probable and reasonable to estimate at September 30, 2018 and 2017. For additional information see note (6), “Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Noninterest Income. The following table summarizes changes in noninterest income between the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change
				(Dollars in thousands)
Service fees on loan and deposit accounts	$	1,372	$	1,490	$	(118)	(7.9)	%
Income on bank-owned life insurance		647		681		(34)	(5.0)	%
Gain on sale of investment securities		45		431		(386)	(89.6)	%
Gain on sale of loans		61		154		(93)	(60.4)	%
Other		200		234		(34)	(14.5)	%
Total	$	2,325	$	2,990	$	(665)	(22.2)	%

Noninterest income decreased by $665,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, we received proceeds of $4.5 million and $7.4 million, respectively, from the sale of $4.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively, of held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities, resulting in gross realized gains of $45,000 and $431,000, respectively. The sale of these mortgage-backed securities, for which we had already collected a substantial portion of the original purchased principal (at least 85%), was in accordance with the “Investments — Debt and Equity Securities” topic of the FASB ASC and does not taint management’s assertion of intent to hold remaining securities in the held-to-maturity portfolio to maturity. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, service fees on loan and deposit accounts decreased primarily due to a decrease in broker fee and debit card income, which was partially offset by an increase in ATM fees. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, we sold $8.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, of mortgage loans held for sale and recognized gains of $61,000 and $154,000, respectively.

Noninterest Expense. The following table summarizes changes in noninterest expense between the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change
				(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	16,798	$	15,152	$	1,646	10.9	%
Occupancy		4,689		4,439		250	5.6	%
Equipment		3,000		2,630		370	14.1	%
Federal deposit insurance premiums		457		448		9	2.0	%
Other general and administrative expenses		3,326		3,553		(227)	(6.4)	%
Total	$	28,270	$	26,222	$	2,048	7.8	%

Noninterest expense increased by $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Salaries and employee benefits expense increased by $1.6 million primarily because of a decrease in the capitalized cost of new loan originations, an increase in the minimum average hourly wage rate we pay to our employees to $15.00 an hour and an annual salary increase. As new loans are originated, compensation expense is reduced due to the capitalization of the cost of the new loans. Fewer loans were originated in

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the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017. The decrease in the number of new loans originated resulted in a reduction of loan cost capitalization and a higher compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Starting on January 1, 2018, Territorial Savings Bank also raised the minimum hourly wage rate it pays to $15.00 an hour to share the benefits it is receiving from the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% in 2017 to 21.0% effective for 2018. Equipment expense increased mainly due to an increase in depreciation, information technology and repairs and maintenance expenses. An increase in occupancy expense was primarily due to increases in office building repairs and maintenance and rent expenses. Other general and administrative expenses declined mainly due to a decrease in other professional fees and other miscellaneous expenses and was partially offset by an increase in marketing expenses.

Income Tax Expense. Income taxes were $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, reflecting an effective tax rate of 23.1%, compared to $7.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, reflecting an effective tax rate of 37.9%. The reduction in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was primarily due to the decrease in the federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% in 2017 to 21.0%, effective January 1, 2018. In addition, income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included tax benefits of $476,000 from $3.4 million in contributions to our defined benefit pension plan and $129,000 from the exercise of stock options. The tax benefits from the pension contributions occurred as the tax deductions for the pension contributions are calculated at the 35.0% federal tax rate for 2017 rather than the 21.0% corporate tax rate for 2018. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 included tax benefits of $541,000 from the exercise of stock options.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is the ability to meet current and future financial obligations. Our primary sources of funds consist of deposit inflows, cash balances at the Federal Reserve Bank, loan repayments, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, proceeds from loan sales and principal repayments on securities. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and mortgage prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. We have established an Asset/Liability Management Committee, consisting of our President and Chief Executive Officer, our Vice Chairman and Co-Chief Operating Officer, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and our Vice President and Controller, which is responsible for establishing and monitoring our liquidity targets and strategies in order to ensure that sufficient liquidity exists for meeting the borrowing needs and deposit withdrawals of our customers as well as unanticipated contingencies. We believe that we have enough sources of liquidity to satisfy our short- and long-term liquidity needs as of September 30, 2018.

We regularly monitor and adjust our investments in liquid assets based upon our assessment of:

(i)

expected loan demand;

(ii)

purchases and sales of investment securities;

(iii)

expected deposit flows and borrowing maturities;

(iv)

yields available on interest-earning deposits and securities; and

(v)

the objectives of our asset/liability management program.

Excess liquid assets are invested generally in interest-earning deposits or securities and may also be used to pay off short-term borrowings.

Our most liquid asset is cash. The amount of this asset is dependent on our operating, financing, lending and investing activities during any given period. At September 30, 2018, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $24.1 million. On that date, we had $30.0 million in securities sold under agreements to repurchase outstanding and $91.0

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million of Federal Home Loan Bank advances outstanding, with the ability to borrow an additional $823.4 million under Federal Home Loan Bank advances.

Our cash flows are derived from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities as reported in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

At September 30, 2018, we had $27.0 million in loan commitments outstanding, most of which were for fixed-rate loans, and had $27.0 million in unused lines of credit to borrowers. Certificates of deposit due within one year at September 30, 2018 totaled $186.1 million, or 11.3% of total deposits. If these deposits do not remain with us, we may be required to seek other sources of funds, including loan sales, brokered deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. Depending on market conditions, we may be required to pay higher rates on such deposits or other borrowings than we currently pay on the certificates of deposit due on or before September 30, 2019. We believe, however, based on past experience that a significant portion of such deposits will remain with us. We have the ability to attract and retain deposits by adjusting the interest rates offered.

Our primary investing activities are originating loans and purchasing mortgage-backed securities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 we originated $164.1 million and $242.7 million of loans, respectively. We purchased $15.0 million and $54.9 million of securities in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Financing activities consist primarily of activity in deposit accounts, Federal Home Loan Bank advances, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, stock repurchases and dividend payments. We experienced net increases in deposits of $46.1 million and $78.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Deposit flows are affected by the overall level of interest rates, the interest rates and products offered by us and our local competitors, and by other factors.

Liquidity management is both a daily and long-term function of business management. If we require funds beyond our ability to generate them internally, borrowing agreements exist with the Federal Home Loan Bank, which provide an additional source of funds. Federal Home Loan Bank advances were $91.0 million and $107.2 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. We had the ability to borrow up to an additional $823.4 million and $579.4 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The increase in borrowing capacity occurred when our credit capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank was increased from 35% of total assets to 45% of total assets during the third quarter. We also utilize securities sold under agreements to repurchase as another borrowing source. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $30.0 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Territorial Bancorp Inc. is a separate legal entity from Territorial Savings Bank and must provide for its own liquidity to pay dividends, repurchase shares of its common stock and for other corporate purposes. Territorial Bancorp Inc.’s primary source of liquidity is dividend payments from Territorial Savings Bank. The ability of Territorial Savings Bank to pay dividends to Territorial Bancorp Inc. is subject to regulatory requirements. At September 30, 2018, Territorial Bancorp Inc. (on an unconsolidated, stand-alone basis) had liquid assets of $16.3 million.

Territorial Savings Bank and the Company are subject to various regulatory capital requirements, including a risk-based capital measure. The risk-based capital guidelines include both a definition of capital and a framework for calculating risk-weighted assets by assigning balance sheet assets and off-balance sheet items to broad risk categories. Effective January 1, 2015, the well capitalized threshold for Tier 1 risk-based capital was increased from 6.0% to 8.0% and a new capital standard, common equity tier 1 risk-based capital, was implemented with a 6.5% ratio requirement for a financial institution to be considered well capitalized. Additionally, effective January 1, 2015, consolidated regulatory capital requirements identical to those applicable to the subsidiary depository institutions became applicable to savings and loan holding companies over $1.0 billion in assets, such as the Company. The capital requirements become fully-phased in on January 1, 2019. At September 30, 2018, Territorial Savings Bank and the Company exceeded all of the fully-phased in regulatory capital requirements and are considered to be “well capitalized” under regulatory guidelines. In addition to establishing the minimum regulatory capital requirements, the regulations limit capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments to management if the institution does not hold a “capital conservation buffer”

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consisting of 2.5% of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets above the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements. The capital conservation buffer requirement is being phased in beginning January 1, 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increasing each year until fully implemented at 2.5% on January 1, 2019. During calendar year 2017, the capital conservation buffer was 1.25%. It increased to 1.875% as of January 1, 2018.

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The tables below present the fully-phased in capital required to be considered “well-capitalized” and meet the capital conservation buffer requirement as a percentage of total and risk-weighted assets and the percentage and the total amount of capital maintained for Territorial Savings Bank and the Company at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:


(Dollars in thousands)	Required Ratio			Actual Amount	Actual Ratio
September 30, 2018:
Tier 1 Leverage Capital
Territorial Savings Bank	5.00	%	$	224,865	11.08	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	5.00	%	$	242,743	11.95	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	9.00	%	$	224,865	23.69	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	9.00	%	$	242,743	25.55	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	10.50	%	$	224,865	23.69	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	10.50	%	$	242,743	25.55	%
Total Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	12.50	%	$	227,519	23.97	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	12.50	%	$	245,397	25.83	%

December 31, 2017:
Tier 1 Leverage Capital
Territorial Savings Bank	5.00	%	$	218,826	11.04	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	5.00	%	$	240,548	12.13	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	9.00	%	$	218,826	23.31	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	9.00	%	$	240,548	25.62	%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	10.50	%	$	218,826	23.31	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	10.50	%	$	240,548	25.62	%
Total Risk-Based Capital (1)
Territorial Savings Bank	12.50	%	$	221,460	23.59	%
Territorial Bancorp Inc.	12.50	%	$	243,182	25.90	%

(1)

The required Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital, Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital and Total Risk-Based Capital ratios are based on the fully-phased in capital ratios in the Basel III capital regulations plus the 2.50% capital conservation buffer that becomes effective on January 1, 2019.

As a result of the recently enacted Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, the Federal Reserve Board is required to amend its small bank holding company and savings and loan holding company policy statement to provide that holding companies with consolidated assets of less than $3 billion that are (i) not engaged in significant nonbanking activities, (ii) do not conduct significant off-balance sheet activities, and (3) do not have a material amount of SEC-registered debt or equity securities, other than trust preferred securities, that contribute to an organization’s complexity, will no longer be subject to regulatory capital requirements, effective no later than November 2018.

In addition, as a result of the legislation, the federal banking agencies are required to develop a “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A “qualifying community bank” that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under Prompt Corrective Action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution’s risk profile when evaluating whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The federal banking agencies must set the minimum capital for the new Community Bank Leverage Ratio at not less than 8% and not more than 10%. A financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations

Commitments. As a financial services provider, we routinely are a party to various financial instruments with off-balance sheet risks, such as commitments to extend credit and unused lines of credit. While these contractual obligations represent our potential future cash requirements, a significant portion of commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon. Such commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process accorded to loans we make. In addition, we enter into commitments to sell mortgage loans.

Contractual Obligations. In the ordinary course of our operations, we enter into certain contractual obligations. Such obligations include operating leases for premises and equipment, agreements with respect to borrowed funds and deposit liabilities and agreements with respect to investments. Except for an increase of $77.1 million in certificates of deposit and an increase of $11.5 million in loan commitments between December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018, there have not been any material changes in contractual obligations and funding needs since December 31, 2017.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

General. Our most significant form of market risk is interest rate risk because, as a financial institution, the majority of our assets and liabilities are sensitive to changes in interest rates. Therefore, a principal part of our operations is to manage interest rate risk and limit the exposure of our net interest income to changes in market interest rates. Our Board of Directors has established an Asset/Liability Management Committee, which is responsible for evaluating the interest rate risk inherent in our assets and liabilities, for determining the level of risk that is appropriate, given our business strategy, operating environment, capital, liquidity and performance objectives, and for managing this risk consistent with the guidelines approved by the Board of Directors.

Because we have historically operated as a traditional thrift institution, the significant majority of our assets consist of long-term, fixed-rate residential mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities, which we have funded primarily with deposit accounts, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. In addition, there is little demand for adjustable-rate mortgage loans in the Hawaii market area. This has resulted in our being particularly vulnerable to increases in interest rates, as our interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly than our interest-earning assets. We sold $8.4 million and $20.3 million of fixed-rate mortgage loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, to reduce our interest rate risk. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we acquired $81.6 million of deposits from state and local governments with terms greater than two years. These deposits were used to reduce interest rate risk by extending the maturity of deposits.

Our policies do not permit hedging activities, such as engaging in futures, options or swap transactions, or investing in high-risk mortgage derivatives, such as collateralized mortgage obligation residual interests, real estate mortgage investment conduit residual interests or stripped mortgage-backed securities.

Economic Value of Equity. We use an interest rate sensitivity analysis that computes changes in the economic value of equity (EVE) of our cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items in the event of a range of assumed changes in market interest rates. EVE represents the market value of portfolio equity and is equal to the present value of assets minus the present value of liabilities, with adjustments made for off-balance sheet items. This analysis assesses the risk of loss in market-risk-sensitive instruments in the event of an instantaneous and sustained 100 to 400 basis point increase or a 100 basis point decrease in market interest rates with no effect given to any steps that we might take to counter the effect of that interest rate movement. A basis point equals one-hundredth of one percent, and 100 basis points equals one percent. An increase in interest rates from 3% to 4% would mean, for example, a 100 basis point increase in the “Change in Interest Rates” column below. Given the current relatively low level of market interest rates, an EVE calculation for an interest rate decrease of greater than 100 basis points has not been prepared.

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The following table presents our internal calculations of the estimated changes in our EVE as of June 30, 2018 (the latest date for which we have available information) that would result from the designated instantaneous changes in the interest rate yield curve.


									Increase
									(Decrease) in
			Estimated				EVE Ratio as a		EVE Ratio as a
Change in			Increase				Percent of		Percent of
Interest Rates	Estimated EVE		(Decrease) in		Percentage		Present Value		Present Value of
(bp) (1)	(2)		EVE		Change in EVE		of Assets (3)(4)		Assets (3)(4)
(Dollars in thousands)
+400	$	184,264	$	(86,561)	(31.96)	%	11.34	%	(2.24)	%
+300	$	211,107	$	(59,718)	(22.05)	%	12.32	%	(1.26)	%
+200	$	238,648	$	(32,177)	(11.88)	%	13.20	%	(0.38)	%
+100	$	262,463	$	(8,362)	(3.09)	%	13.78	%	0.20	%
0	$	270,825	$	—	—	%	13.58	%	—	%
-100	$	249,063	$	(21,762)	(8.04)	%	12.09	%	(1.49)	%

(1)

Assumes an instantaneous uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.

(2)

EVE is the difference between the present value of an institution’s assets and liabilities.

(3)

Present value of assets represents the discounted present value of incoming cash flows on interest-earning assets.

(4)

EVE Ratio represents EVE divided by the present value of assets.

Interest rates on Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities have increased by 19 basis points between June 30, 2018 and September 30, 2018. Any decrease in the value of our mortgage loan or mortgage-backed securities portfolio would be partially offset by an increase in the value of our core deposit accounts. The net change in market value of assets and liabilities that occurred because of an increase in interest rates would not have a significant effect on estimated EVE.

Certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodologies used in determining interest rate risk through changes in EVE. Modeling changes in EVE requires making certain assumptions that may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. In this regard, the EVE table presented assumes that the composition of our interest-sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured and assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve regardless of the duration or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Accordingly, although the EVE table provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on our EVE and net interest income and will differ from actual results.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of September 30, 2018. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, including the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to various legal actions that are considered ordinary, routine litigation incidental to the business of the Company, and no claim for money damages exceeds ten percent of the Company’s consolidated assets. In the opinion of management, based on currently available information, the resolution of these legal actions is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the period ended December 31, 2017.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a) Not applicable.

(b) Not applicable.

(c) Stock Repurchases. The following table sets forth information in connection with repurchases of our shares of common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2018:


				Total Number of	Maximum Approximate
				Shares Purchased as	Dollar Value of Shares
	Total Number	Average Price		Part of Publicly	That May Yet be
	of Shares	Paid per		Announced Plans or	Purchased Under the
Period	Purchased (1)	Share		Programs	Plans or Programs (2)
July 1, 2018 through July 31, 2018	10,000	$	30.56	10,000	$	4,451,000
August 1, 2018 through August 31, 2018	24,318		30.42	24,000		3,722,340
September 1, 2018 through September 30, 2018	35,000		29.85	35,000		2,679,840

Total	69,318	$	30.15	69,000	$	2,679,840

______________________________

(1)

Includes shares acquired by the Company to pay for taxes in connection with restricted stock vesting.

(2)

On June 8, 2018, the Company announced its eighth repurchase program. Under the repurchase program, the Company was authorized to repurchase up to $5,000,000 of our common stock based on certain price assumptions. We have entered into a Rule 10b5-1 plan with respect to our stock repurchase program.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are included with this Form 10-Q and are listed below.

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS


Exhibit
Number		Description
31.1		Certification of Allan S. Kitagawa, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a).

31.2		Certification of Melvin M. Miyamoto, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a).

32		Certification of Allan S. Kitagawa, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Melvin M. Miyamoto, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		The following materials from Territorial Bancorp, Inc’s Form 10-Q report for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

101.INS		Interactive datafile XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH		Interactive datafile XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Interactive datafile XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Interactive datafile XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Interactive datafile XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE		Interactive datafile XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	TERRITORIAL BANCORP INC.
	(Registrant)


Date: November 8, 2018	/s/ Allan S. Kitagawa
	Allan S. Kitagawa
	Chairman of the Board, President and
	Chief Executive Officer


Date: November 8, 2018	/s/ Melvin M. Miyamoto
	Melvin M. Miyamoto
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer